ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Action-based alternating transition systems for arguments about action
Authors: Katie Atkinson, Trevor Bench-Capon
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1 (2007)

This paper presents a formalism to describe practical reasoning in terms of an Action-based Alternating Transition System (AATS). The starting point is a previously specified account of practical reasoning that treats reasoning about what action should be chosen as presumptive argumentation using argument schemes and associated critical questions. This paper describes how this account can be extended to situations where the effect of an action is partially dependent upon the choices of another agent. In this context we see practical reasoning as proceeding in three stages. The first involves determining the representation of the particular problem scenario as an AATS. Next the agent must resolve its uncertainties as to its position in the scenario. Finally, the agent moves to choosing a particular action to achieve its ends, proposing presumptive reasons for particular actions and subjecting them to a critique to establish their suitability, taking into account the choices that can be made by the other agents involved. This account thus provides a well-specified basis for addressing the problems of practical reasoning as presumptive argumentation in a multi-agent context.
Efficient XML and Entity Retrieval with PF/Tijah: CWI and University of Twente at INEX'08
Authors: Henning Rode, Djoerd Hiemstra, Arjen Vries, Pavel Serdyukov
Venue: Advances in Focused Retrieval: 7th International Workshop of the Initiative for the Evaluation of XML Retrieval, INEX 2008, Dagstuhl Castle, Germany, December 15-18, 2008. Revised and Selected Papers (2009)

The paper describes the submissions of CWI and University of Twente to the efficiency and entity ranking track of INEX 2008. With the INEX participation, we demonstrate and evaluate the functionality of our open source XML retrieval system PF/Tijah.
Self-healing: science, engineering, and fiction
Authors: Michael E. Locasto
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 Workshop on New Security Paradigms (2008)

Most attacks on computing systems occur rapidly enough to frustrate manual defense or repair. It appears, therefore, that defense systems must include some degree of autonomy. Recent advances have led to an emerging interest in self-healing software as a solution to this problem. It is not clear, however, if the effort to create self-healing mechanisms is actually worth the cost in terms of development effort, deployment complexity, or runtime supervision and monitoring. Furthermore, no general purpose self-healing mechanisms have been shown to be achievable for general systems; it is hard to know beforehand exactly what an application should do in response to an arbitrary vulnerability. A number of very hard problems remain for researchers to explore before self-healing can be reliably applied to real computing systems. This paper provides a critique of the current state of the art and offers the position that self-healing as a concept should be relegated to the status of autonomic computing: a goal worth aiming for as a way to push the boundary of the possible rather than an achievable end in itself. Along the way, we identify a number of important but unsolved research problems in this space.
Energy-Efficient Clustering in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Po-Jen Chuang, Sheng-Hsiung Yang, Chih-Shin Lin
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing (2009)

Utilizing the concept of cluster head declaration delay and a new cluster head selection policy, this paper presents a new clustering approach to facilitate data transmission and reduce energy consumption in a wireless sensor network. The proposed clustering approach employs a random declaration delay design which selects the node with the shortest declaration delay as the cluster head of its area to decide the cluster topology. Such a design can well distribute the cluster head declaration delay of all nodes to decrease the probability of generating unnecessary cluster heads, achieving better cluster head selection and reducing the clustering communication overhead. The new clustering approach also involves a novel energy-classifying method which classifies all sensor nodes into several levels according to the actual situation of the network to increase its scalability.
Circular sturmian words and Hopcroft's algorithm
Authors: G. Castiglione, A. Restivo, M. Sciortino
Venue: Theoretical Computer Science (2009)

In order to analyze some extremal cases of Hopcroft's algorithm, we investigate the relationships between the combinatorial properties of a circular sturmian word (x) and the run of the algorithm on the cyclic automaton A"x associated to (x). The combinatorial properties of words taken into account make use of sturmian morphisms and give rise to the notion of reduction tree of a circular sturmian word. We prove that the shape of this tree uniquely characterizes the word itself. The properties of the run of Hopcroft's algorithm are expressed in terms of the derivation tree of the automaton, which is a tree that represents the refinement process that, in the execution of Hopcroft's algorithm, leads to the coarsest congruence of the automaton. We prove that the shape of the reduction tree of a circular sturmian word (x) coincides with that of the derivation tree T(A"x) of the automaton A"x. From this we derive a recursive formula to compute the running time of Hopcroft's algorithm on the automaton A"x, expressed in terms of parameters of the reduction tree of (x). As a special application, we obtain the time complexity @Q(nlogn) of the algorithm in the case of automata associated to Fibonacci words.
Relevance and Redundancy Analysis for Ensemble Classifiers
Authors: Rakkrit Duangsoithong, Terry Windeatt
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Machine Learning and Data Mining in Pattern Recognition (2009)

In machine learning systems, especially in medical applications, clinical datasets usually contain high dimensional feature spaces with relatively few samples that lead to poor classifier performance. To overcome this problem, feature selection and ensemble classification are applied in order to improve accuracy and stability. This research presents an analysis of the effect of removing irrelevant and redundant features with ensemble classifiers using five datasets and compared with floating search method. Eliminating redundant features provides better accuracy and computational time than removing irrelevant features of the ensemble.
Minimal Assumptions and Round Complexity for Concurrent Zero-Knowledge in the Bare Public-Key Model
Authors: Giovanni Crescenzo
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference on Computing and Combinatorics (2009)

Under the (minimal) assumption of the existence of one-way functions, we show that every language in NP has (round-optimal) argument systems in the bare public key (BPK) model of [3], which are sound (i.e., a cheating prover cannot prove that $x\not\in L$) and (black-box) zero-knowledge (i.e., a cheating verifier does not obtain any additional information other than x ¿ L) even in the presence of concurrent attacks (i.e., even if the cheating prover or verifier are allowed to arbitrarily interleave several executions of the same protocol). This improves over the previous best result [12], which obtained such a protocol using a stronger assumption (the existence of one-way permutations) or a higher round complexity (5 messages), and is round-optimal among black-box zero-knowledge protocols. We also discuss various extensions and applications of our techniques with respect to protocols with different security and efficiency requirements.
Case-Based Reasoning for Situation-Aware Ambient Intelligence: A Hospital Ward Evaluation Study
Authors: Anders Kofod-Petersen, Agnar Aamodt
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Case-Based Reasoning: Case-Based Reasoning Research and Development (2009)

Ambient intelligent systems are defined as being able to perceive their environment, being aware of the presence of people and other agents, and respond intelligently to these agents' needs. Today the hardware requirements for achieving these capabilities are met. Earlier work have argued that knowledge intensive case-based reasoning is a feasible method for ambient intelligence. In this paper that argument is supported by testing of an implementation in a hospital ward domain, which shows that despite some issues related to the current implementation the case-based reasoner performs at an acceptable level.
DB Facade: A Web Cache with Improved Data Freshness
Authors: Xiongpai Qin, Xiaoyun Zhou
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Second International Symposium on Electronic Commerce and Security - Volume 02 (2009)

Traditional web database cache techniques have a major disadvantage, namely poor data freshness, because they employ an asynchronous data refresh strategy. A novel web database cache, DB Facade, is proposed in this paper. DB Facade uses a main memory database to cache result sets of previous queries for subsequent reusing. Updates on backend database system are managed by delta tables, and then propagated to web database cache in a near real-time manner, hence guarantee the freshness of data. DB Facade offloads query burden from backend database systems, and exploits the power of main memory database system to boost query performance. TPC-W testing result shows that the system’s performance increases by about 17 percent.
Learning from Video Game: A Study of Video Game Play on Problem-Solving
Authors: Xue-Min Zhang, Zijiao Shen, Xin Luo, Chunhui Su, Jiaqi Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Advanced Data Mining and Applications (2009)

This research was intended to explore the influence of video game experience on problem representation, efficiency of strategies, meta cognition, and quality of mental models during solving the problems that encounter in a new game. This experiment asked all the participants to keep thinking aloud during the 20-minite process of playing, and their verbal report was analyzed to study the problem solving. The results indicate a significant influence of computer games on game players' performance in an unfamiliar game. The most frequently referred comment is direct strategy, next are game rules and cues, monitoring and game progress. Expert players performed better than novice players on problem representation, efficiency of strategies, and meta cognition.
A flexible Java framework for embedded systems
Authors: Juan A. Holgado-Terriza, Jaime Viúdez-Aivar
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Java Technologies for Real-Time and Embedded Systems (2009)

Today, several strategies are possible to build a complete embedded application, including software and hardware components with a reusable base to satisfy the increasing demands and requirements of actual embedded systems with shorter time to market. Inspired by Codesign methodologies [1], and more particularly by platform based design [2], we present in this work a new flexible Java framework for the development and deployment of functional embedded systems. It may be adapted to different existing embedded target devices, providing at the same time a common programming environment based on Java with a well defined semantic; it has been successfully applied to a wide range of embedded devices. This framework makes possible the portability of applications among embedded targets without any reimplementation according to WORA principle --write once, run anywhere- and gives also a reliable and sound platform that may extend the capabilities of an embedded target by the integration of hardware components without the requirement of implementing any device driver.
One-class clustering in the text domain
Authors: Ron Bekkerman, Koby Crammer
Venue: Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (2008)

Having seen a news title "Alba denies wedding reports", how do we infer that it is primarily about Jessica Alba, rather than about weddings or reports? We probably realize that, in a randomly driven sentence, the word "Alba" is less anticipated than "wedding" or "reports", which adds value to the word "Alba" if used. Such anticipation can be modeled as a ratio between an empirical probability of the word (in a given corpus) and its estimated probability in general English. Aggregated over all words in a document, this ratio may be used as a measure of the document's topicality. Assuming that the corpus consists of on-topic and off-topic documents (we call them the core and the noise), our goal is to determine which documents belong to the core. We propose two unsupervised methods for doing this. First, we assume that words are sampled i.i.d., and propose an information-theoretic framework for determining the core. Second, we relax the independence assumption and use a simple graphical model to rank documents according to their likelihood of belonging to the core. We discuss theoretical guarantees of the proposed methods and show their usefulness for Web Mining and Topic Detection and Tracking (TDT).
Effects of Temperature and Water Level Changes on Enzyme Activities in Two Typical Peatlands: Implications for the Responses of Carbon Cycling in Peatland to Global Climate Change
Authors: He Ling, Xiang Wu, Sun Xingting
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Environmental Science and Information Application Technology - Volume 02 (2009)

As enzymes are involved in soil nutrient and carbon cycle in peatlands, they were expected to play a key role in regulating soil organic carbon decompose process in peatlands. In addition, temperature and water levels are both crucial factors affecting enzyme activities. Therefore, we investigated the effects of temperature and water level change on enzyme activities in two typical peatlands, swamp and bog in northeast China, by using incubation experiments in laboratory. The results indicated that with the reducing of water levels, a significant increase of the acid phosphatase activity was observed both in bog and swamp (F=13.535, P
Integrating CMC and verbal discussions in students' collaborative learning in a F2F classroom
Authors: Wenli Chen, Chee-Kit Looi, Sini Tan
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Computer supported collaborative learning - Volume 1 (2009)

This paper analyses the role of different communication modes in students' collaborative learning in a Primary Grade 5 blended learning environment in Singapore. Small groups of students interacted face-to-face over a CMC technology called Group Scribbles (GS) to jointly complete a learning task. We analyzed the construction and evolution of the interactions through analyzing the artifacts that are produced by a group of students - in the verbal talk, gestures, and sketches drawn and text inscribed in GS. F2F and GS interactions intertwined to support collaborative learning. The findings from this study could inform the design of integrating and reinforcing the strengths of both communication modes when introducing CSCL in a F2F classroom.
Designing mobile patient-centric self-help terminals for people with diabetes
Authors: Naoe Tatara
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services (2009)

The aim of this PhD-project is to establish new knowledge in design methodology of user-interface on mobile terminal-based self-help tools that are easy and intuitive to use and unobtrusive in daily life, and that enhance motivation in self-management of diabetes.
A systematic methodology to use LEGO bricks in web communication design
Authors: Lorenzo Cantoni, Elena Marchiori, Marco Faré, Luca Botturi, Davide Bolchini
Venue: Proceedings of the 27th ACM international conference on Design of communication (2009)

This experience report presents a case study and the lessons learned from using Real Time Web (RTW) in the design of a corporate website. RTW is an innovative methodology to effectively elicit and plastically represent requirements in the design process of a web application. RTW adopts a playful approach to collaboratively elicit requirements and strategic web design issues, and extends the experience of LEGO Serious Play (LSP), a team collaboration methodology. The basic tenet of LSP is that LEGO bricks are simple to use and provide ready-made, powerful and multi-purpose symbolic pieces, known to most people and used in different cultures. RTW exploits this potential to elicit communication requirements, create a share vision for high-level design, and build team commitment.
Debugging Method Names
Authors: Einar W. Høst, Bjarte M. Østvold
Venue: Proceedings of the 23rd European Conference on ECOOP 2009 --- Object-Oriented Programming (2009)

Meaningful method names are crucial for the readability and maintainability of software. Existing naming conventions focus on syntactic details, leaving programmers with little or no support in assuring meaningful names. In this paper, we show that naming conventions can go much further: we can mechanically check whether or not a method name and implementation are likely to be good matches for each other. The vast amount of software written in Java defines an implicit convention for pairing names and implementations. We exploit this to extract rules for method names, which are used to identify "naming bugs" in well-known Java applications. We also present an approach for automatic suggestion of more suitable names in the presence of mismatch between name and implementation.
The Helmert Method for Improving the Adjustment Model of Underwater Terrain Surveys
Authors: Mingsan Li, Lan Sun, Yanchun Liu, Jingyang Bao, Jia Hu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Environmental Science and Information Application Technology - Volume 02 (2009)

In the article ‘a method for detecting and adjusting systematic errors of singlebeam sounding data acquired in grid pattern’ (Liu et al, 2004), It had been discussed how to detect and adjust a systematic error along a sounding line by the discrepancies/disagreement at crossing points between the scheme main lines and reference sounding lines in obtaining seabed geographic information, and how to establish rank-defect adjustment model through least-square theory. Those methods in the paper are basic tools to process the data acquired in a grid pattern in obtaining geographic information of underwater terrain. In order to make the method available and practicable for obtaining seabed geographic information, by introducing the weight into the rank-defect model and changing its design matrix, the model has been improved in this paper to meet the actual requirements of processing the sounding data from different accuracy. The improved method has been tested by using the simulated data and the results show that the improved method can work well in processing the data from different accuracy and obtained the stochastic model of sounding data to assess the accuracy of water depth further.
Structure Correlation in Mobile Call Networks
Authors: Deyong Hu, Bin Wu, Qi Ye, Bai Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Advanced Data Mining and Applications (2009)

So far researchers have done a large amount of work on the structure of social network, but neglected the correlation between two connected nodes from structure perspective. In this paper, our primary goal is to acquire structural properties and detect anomalies in mobile call networks. In order to investigate the structural properties, we define some metrics which are based on the clique size vectors of mobile call users. To evaluate our metrics, we explore several real-world mobile call networks. We find that people tend to communicate with the one who has similar structure. Moreover, we find that the connected people have similar structural changes on the whole. Utilizing these results, we detect anomalies and use a visualization toolkit to give a view of the anomalous scenarios in static and dynamic networks.
A System for the Acquisition, Interactive Exploration and Annotation of Stereoscopic Images
Authors: Karim Benzeroual, Mohammed Haouach, Christiane Guinot, Gilles Venturini
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Medicine: Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (2009)

We present in the paper a system that integrates all hardware and software to extract information from 3D images of skin. It is composed of a lighting equipment and stereoscopic cameras, a camera calibration algorithm that uses evolutionary principles, virtual reality equipment to visualize the images and interact with them in 3D, a set of interactive features to annotate images, to create links between them and to build a 3D hypermedia. We present an experimental study and an application of our tool on faces skin.
Standards: The MPEG Open Access Application Format
Authors: Florian Schreiner, Klaus Diepold, Mohamed Abo El-Fotouh, Taehyun Kim
Venue: IEEE MultiMedia (2009)

Editor's NoteThe lack of a unified format for digital-content metadata and associated license information is impeding the open access to and dissemination of digital content. The MPEG Open Access Application Format is a new standard from MPEG that standardizes the packaging of digital content and associated rights information into an application format to facilitate open access and interoperable exchange. The standard builds on MPEG-21 and MPEG-7 components for file format, package description, metadata, and rights information. This article describes the motivation and composition of the MPEG Open Access Application Format.&#x2014;John R. Smith
Guaranteeing Soundness of Configurable Process Variants in Provop
Authors: Alena Hallerbach, Thomas Bauer, Manfred Reichert
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE Conference on Commerce and Enterprise Computing (2009)

Usually, for a particular business process a multitude of variants exist. Each of them constitutes an adjustment of a reference process model to specific requirements building the process context. While some progress has been achieved regarding the configuration of process variants, there exists only little work on how to accomplish this in a sound and efficient manner, especially when considering the large number of process variants that exist in practice as well as the many syntactical and semantical constraints they have to obey. In this paper we discuss advanced concepts for the context- and constraint-based configuration of process variants, and show how they can be utilized to ensure soundness of the configured process variants. Enhancing process-aware information systems with the capability to easily configure sound process models, belonging to the same process family and fitting to the given application context, will enable a new quality in engineering process-aware information systems.
What If Annotations Were Reusable: A Preliminary Discussion
Authors: Nikos Manouselis, Riina Vuorikari
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Advances in Web Based Learning (2009)

This paper discusses the rationale for the representation of user feedback in a structured and reusable format so that it can be reused by different recommender systems. We emphasize how information about the context can be included in such a representation. This work-in-progress takes place in the context of two large European initiatives that set up collections of digital educational resources in distributed repositories to serve the needs of different user communities, and to collect user feedback such as ratings, bookmarks and tags related to the resources. The overall aim is to facilitate the exchange and reuse of their data sets in order to support recommendation of appropriate resources to the end users.