ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Direct application access to Grid storage: Research Articles
Authors: Rasmus Andersen, Brian Vinter
Venue: Concurrency and Computation: Practice Experience (2007)

This paper describes the ideas behind and the implementation of a thin user-level layer to be installed on Grid resources. The layer fits in the minimum intrusion Grid design by imposing as few requirements on the resource as possible and communicates with the server using only trusted and widely used protocols. The model offers transparent, on-demand remote file access. By catching all application operations on files, these operations are directed towards the remote copy on the server, thus eliminating the need for transferring the complete file. This implementation is targeted at the minimum intrusion Grid project, which strives for minimum intrusion on the resource executing a job. &lsquo;Minimum intrusion&rsquo; implies that a client need not install any dedicated Grid software. Hence, the proposed model is forced to use a user-level layer that automatically overrides the native I&#x002F;O calls. Copyright &copy; 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ICache: A Size-Aware Cooperative Caching Architecture for Web Images
Authors: Ruixuan Li, Cuihua Zuo, Tony C. Shan, Zhengding Lu
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Computing (2007)

This paper designs an efficient cooperative caching architecture for images, named iCache, which introduces super cache servers in caching system and caches images using different policies according to image size. The small-size images are stored in cache server directly, while the large-size images are divided into small blocks which are distributed in multiple cache servers in order to achieve scalability and load balance. Furthermore, the paper proposes corresponding storage policy and replacement mechanism for iCache that stores the least copies of large-size images to save space and giving them higher priority to keep in cache than small ones for increasing the byte hit rate. The simulation experiments are carried out to evaluate the performance of iCache architecture and the results show that the proposed scheme offers good search efficiency and hit rate with cooperation overhead significatively lower than that of other cooperative mechanisms.
A Multi-level Policy Representation for Management Services in Maritime Networks
Authors: Francis St-Onge, David Kidston, Isabelle Labbe
Venue: Proceedings of the Eighth IEEE International Workshop on Policies for Distributed Systems and Networks (2007)

A Policy-Based Traffic Management (PBTM) prototype was developed to investigate the effective management of communication resources in a tactical maritime environment. The system design includes a combination of Web Services (WS) and policy-based network management (PBNM) techniques. The paper describes a multi-level XML-based policy representation developed for use in the PBTM prototype. Three levels of policies are defined: the high level, the specification level and the low level. The policy representation for each level is given. Aspects that are particular to the system are also discussed. These aspects include hierarchical policy scopes, a rule engine and conflict resolution mechanisms developed specifically for use in the maritime environment.
Spoken word recognition with digital cochlea using 32 DSP-boards
Authors: M. Namiki
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 200. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 02 (2001)

A digital cochlea, which has a cascade of 16 filter sections, is realized by 32 commercially available DSP-boards. Each section consists of a travelling waves filter, a velocity transformation filter and a second filter. The artificial cochlea is also applied to spoken word recognition by feeding 16 output signals through a multi-channel A/D converter on PC. From experimental results, it is found that 50 Japanese words uttered by three speakers are recognized with 3% error This means the cochlea extracts feature parameters for speech recognition and shows the possibility of the signal processor for cochlear implants.
Audio scene segmentation using multiple features, models and time scales
Authors: H. Sundaram
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 04 (2000)

We present an algorithm for audio scene segmentation. An audio scene is a semantically consistent sound segment that is characterized by a few dominant sources of sound. A scene change occurs when a majority of the sources present in the data change. Our segmentation framework has three parts: a definition of an audio scene; multiple feature models that characterize the dominant sources; and a simple, causal listener model, which mimics human audition using multiple time-scales. We define a correlation function that determines correlation with past data to determine segmentation boundaries. The algorithm was tested on a difficult data set, a 1 hour audio segment of a film, with impressive results. It achieves an audio scene change detection accuracy of 97%.
Krakatoa: decompilation in java (dose bytecode reveal source?)
Authors: Todd A. Proebsting, Scott A. Watterson
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd conference on USENIX Conference on Object-Oriented Technologies (COOTS) - Volume 3 (1997)

This paper presents our technique for automatically decompiling Java bytecode into Java source. Our technique reconstructs source-level expressions from bytecode, and reconstructs readable, high-level control statements from primitive goto-like branches. Fewer than a dozen simple code-rewriting rules reconstruct the high-level statements.
Motivated reinforcement learning for adaptive characters in open-ended simulation games
Authors: Kathryn Elizabeth Merrick, Mary Lou Maher
Venue: Proceedings of the international conference on Advances in computer entertainment technology (2007)

Recently a new generation of virtual worlds has emerged in which users are provided with open-ended modelling tools with which they can create and modify world content. The result is evolving virtual spaces for commerce, education and social interaction. In general, these virtual worlds are not games and have no concept of winning, however the open-ended modelling capacity is nonetheless compelling. The rising popularity of open-ended virtual worlds suggests that there may also be potential for a new generation of computer games situated in open-ended environments. A key issue with the development of such games, however, is the design of non-player characters which can respond autonomously to unpredictable, open-ended changes to their environment. This paper considers the impact of open-ended modelling on character development in simulation games. Motivated reinforcement learning using context-free grammars is proposed as a means of representing unpredictable, evolving worlds for character reasoning. This technique is used to design adaptive characters for the Second Life virtual world to create a new kind of open-ended simulation game.
The Effect of Virtual Haptic Training on Real Surgical Drilling Proficiency
Authors: Christopher Sewell, Nikolas H. Blevins, Sumanth Peddamatham, Hong Z. Tan
Venue: Proceedings of the Second Joint EuroHaptics Conference and Symposium on Haptic Interfaces for Virtual Environment and Teleoperator Systems (2007)

This sketch presents the design and preliminary results of a study that investigates the transference of motor skills learned in a haptic-enabled virtual environment to performance on a surgically-relevant task in the real world. The chosen task, which requires skills similar to those needed in a number of surgical procedures, including stapedotomy and cochleostomy, is drilling holes through an eggshell using a surgical drill without penetrating the egg's inner membrane. Results reflect a learning curve for task proficiency and indicate a benefit to haptic training, but a planned follow-up study will be required for this claim to be statistically conclusive.
Retrospective Analysis of the Electronic Health Record of Patients Enrolled in a Computerized Glucose Management Protocol
Authors: Vojtech Huser, Roberto A. Rocha
Venue: Proceedings of the Twentieth IEEE International Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems (2007)

We describe the application of a suite of tools called RetroGuide to facilitate the retrospective analysis of lifetime electronic health record data. Several clinical and informatics questions are explored in a cohort of intensive care patients. The analysis is targeted at monitoring the use and evaluating the outcomes of a computerized glucose management protocol developed at Intermountain Healthcare. We present a graphical RetroGuide scenario which models several clinical events happening prior, during and after the execution of the current protocol. We briefly review previous protocol evaluations and compare them to RetroGuide's capabilities and results.
Expanding the View on Complexity within the Architecture Trade-off Analysis Method
Authors: David Colquitt, John Leaney
Venue: Proceedings of the 14th Annual IEEE International Conference and Workshops on the Engineering of Computer-Based Systems (2007)

The following paper presents the learning outcomes from an investigation into the aspects of complexity involved in architecture-based analysis. Using a framework of situational complexity as provocation, the manifestations of complexity observed in the Architecture Tradeoff Analysis Method (ATAM) process are presented in terms of a people and systems dimension. These aspects of complexity are shown to impact upon some of the most important ATAM objectives. The change in ATAM complexity is also presented with respect to the design lifecycle. Some resolution to the complexity suffered by the process is suggested in terms of splitting out the analysis objectives and maintaining two types of analysis, as well as paying attention to the content aspects of the process that drive its direction from within.
Mapping and visualizing the internet
Authors: Bill Cheswick, Hal Burch, Steve Branigan
Venue: Proceedings of the annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference (2000)

We have been collecting and recording routing paths from a test host to each of over 90,000 registered networks on the Internet since August 1998. The resulting database contains intersting routing and reachability information, and is available to the public for research purpose. The daily scans cover approximately a tenth of the networks on the Internet, with a full scan run roughly once a month. We have also been collecting Lucent's intranet data, and applied these tools to understanding its size and connectivity. We have also detected the sloss of power to routers in Yugoslavia as the result of NATO bombing. A simulated spring-force algorithm lays out the graphs thgat results from these database. This algorithm is well known, but has never been applied to such a large problem. The Internet graph, with around 88,000 nodes and 100,000 edges, is larger than those previsouly considered tractable by the data visualization community. The resulting Internet layouts are pleasent, though rather cluttered. On smaller networks, like Lucent's intranet, the layouts present the data in a useful way. For the Internet data, we have also tried plotting a minimum distance spanning tree; by throwing away edges, the remaining graph can be made more accessible. Once a layout is chosen, it can be colored in various ways to show network-relevant data, such as IP address, domain information, location, ISPs, and result of scan (completed, filtered, loop, etc). This paper expands and updates the description of the project given in an IEEE Computer article [1].
Improved approximation for directed cut problems
Authors: Amit Agarwal, Noga Alon, Moses S. Charikar
Venue: Proceedings of the thirty-ninth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing (2007)

We present improved approximation algorithms for directed multicutand directed sparsest cut. The current best known approximationratio for these problems is O(n1/2). We obtain an Õ(n11/23)-approximation. Our algorithm works with thenatural LP relaxation used in prior work. We use a randomized roundingalgorithm with a more sophisticated charging scheme and analysis toobtain our improvement. This also implies a Õ(n11/23) upper bound on the ratio between the maximum multicommodity flowand minimum multicut in directed graphs.
Equivalent Key Frames Selection Based on Iso-Content Distance and Iso-Distortion Principles
Authors: Costas Panagiotakis, Anastasios Doulamis, Georgios Tziritas
Venue: Proceedings of the Eight International Workshop on Image Analysis for Multimedia Interactive Services (2007)

We present a key frames selection algorithm, which is very flexible on any changes of content descriptors, based on Iso-Content Distance and Iso-Distortion principles. In both of the cases, the equality principle provides to the selected key frames the property to be equivalent on content video summarization. The estimated key frames properties and the experimental results indicate the good performance of the proposed schemata.
Multivariate correlation analysis of nonstationary signals: application to pass-by-noise problems
Authors: H. Van der Auweraer
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 06 (2000)

Coherence and principal component analysis methods are commonly applied to analyse the physical interrelations between stationary multichannel test data. A similar requirement exists for transient data. Hereto, an approach based on autoregressive vector (ARV) modelling was developed and applied. An ARV model is calculated from a set of time data of limited duration. The auto- and crosspower functions are then directly calculated from the ARV model. From these spectra, a principal component and ordinary as well as virtual coherence calculation can be performed, describing the causal relationship between reference and target signals. One of the features of the ARV-approach is that this description takes the form of a time/frequency plot, allowing one to assess which component contributes the most at which moment. The method has been validated by a series of industrial tests.
Improving the performance of the organic thin-film transistors with thin insulating lithium fluoride buffer layer
Authors: Wei Hu, Yi Zhao, Jingying Hou, Chunsheng Ma, Shiyong Liu
Venue: Microelectronics Journal (2007)

The pentacene-based organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) with a thin insulating lithium fluoride (LiF) buffer layer between the pentacene and source/drain electrodes were fabricated. Compared with conventional OTFTs, the introduction of the buffer layer (1nm) leads to field-effect mobility increases from 0.16 to 0.5cm^2/Vs, and threshold voltage downshifts from -19 to -8V for the linear region. The on/off current ratio is improved to a level of 10^5 for the off-state current decreasing. These improvements are attributed to (i) tunneling injection through the LiF layer and (ii) interface dipole energy barrier decreasing and contact resistance reduction between pentacene and Au. The results demonstrate that it is an effective method to improve the device characteristics by using a buffer layer.
Impulse-based Control of an Impulsive Haptic Interface
Authors: Emmanuel Vander Poorten, Yasuyoshi Yokokohji
Venue: Proceedings of the Second Joint EuroHaptics Conference and Symposium on Haptic Interfaces for Virtual Environment and Teleoperator Systems (2007)

In a previous paper the authors presented the first haptic display capable of applying directly an impulse to its operator. The resulting immediate change in momentum is considered invaluable to make interactions with rigid virtual objects feel realistic. The size of the impulse is controlled by adapting the amount of momentum of a momentum wheel. At the predicted instant of contact with the virtual object, an electromagnetic tooth clutch is engaged. The axes of momentum wheel and haptic handle are connected and a real but controllable collision between the operator and the momentum wheel is realized. This paper presents some tools to improve the accuracy of the impulses realized by the device. First, a detailed investigation of the dynamic properties of the tooth clutch is included. Based on this analysis, conclusions with respect to the range of displayable impulses are made. The First Order Adaptive Windowing method (FOAW) of Janabi-Sharifi is extended to a Second Order form (SOAW) and used to make accurate predictions of the instant and velocity of impact. Finally, the impulse generation capability of the device is utilized in a new method to estimate the inertia of the device's interacting components. All these tools are combined and a rigid virtual wall was implemented. Experimental results confirm the quality improvement with respect to traditional virtual walls.
A comparison of resonance tuning with positive versus negative sensory feedback
Authors: Carrie A. Williams, Stephen P. DeWeerth
Venue: Biological Cybernetics (2007)

We used a computational model of rhythmic movement to analyze how the connectivity of sensory feedback affects the tuning of a closed-loop neuromechanical system to the mechanical resonant frequency (&#x03c9;r). Our model includes a Matsuoka half-center oscillator for a central pattern generator (CPG) and a linear, one-degree-of-freedom system for a mechanical component. Using both an open-loop frequency response analysis and closed-loop simulations, we compared resonance tuning with four different feedback configurations as the mechanical resonant frequency, feedback gain, and mechanical damping varied. The feedback configurations consisted of two negative and two positive feedback connectivity schemes. We found that with negative feedback, resonance tuning predominantly occurred when &#x03c9;r was higher than the CPG&#x2019;s endogenous frequency (&#x03c9;CPG). In contrast, with the two positive feedback configurations, resonance tuning only occurred if &#x03c9;r was lower than &#x03c9;CPG. Moreover, the differences in resonance tuning between the two positive (negative) feedback configurations increased with increasing feedback gain and with decreasing mechanical damping. Our results indicate that resonance tuning can be achieved with positive feedback. Furthermore, we have shown that the feedback configuration affects the parameter space over which the endogenous frequency of the CPG or resonant frequency the mechanical dynamics dominates the frequency of a rhythmic movement.
Visualizing Design Patterns in Their Applications and Compositions
Authors: Jing Dong, Sheng Yang, Kang Zhang
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering (2007)

Design patterns are generic design solutions that can be applied and composed in different applications where pattern-related information is generally implicit in the Unified Modeling Language (UML) diagrams of the applications. It is unclear in which pattern instances each modeling element, such as class, attribute, and operation, participates. It is hard for a designer to find the design patterns used in an application design. Consequently, the benefits of design patterns are compromised because designers cannot communicate with each other in terms of the design patterns they used and their design decisions and trade-offs. In this paper, we present a UML profile that defines new stereotypes, tagged values, and constraints for tracing design patterns in UML diagrams. These new stereotypes and tagged values are attached to a modeling element to explicitly represent the role the modeling element plays in a design pattern so that the user can identify the pattern in a UML diagram. Based on this profile, we also develop a Web service (tool) for explicitly visualizing design patterns in UML diagrams. With this service, users are able to visualize design patterns in their applications and compositions because pattern-related information can be dynamically displayed. A real-world case study and a comparative experiment with existing approaches are conducted to evaluate our approach.
Flexibility in Process-Aware Information Systems (ProFlex) Workshop Report
Authors: Barbara Weber, Jan Mendling, Manfred Reichert
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th IEEE International Workshops on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises (2006)

The goal of the ProFlex workshop is to bring together practitioners and researchers from different communities who share an interest in flexibility of process-aware information systems and team support. This workshop report gives an overview of the presented papers that address various flexibility issues of process-aware information systems.
Using the strategy design pattern to compose reliable distributed protocols
Authors: Benoît Garbinato, Rachid Guerraoui
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd conference on USENIX Conference on Object-Oriented Technologies (COOTS) - Volume 3 (1997)

Reliable distributed systems involve many complex protocols. In this context, protocol composition is a central concept, because it allows the reuse of robust protocol implementations. In this paper, we describe how the Strategy pattern has been recursively used to support protocol composition in the BAST framework. We also discuss design alternatives that have been applied in other existing frameworks.
Detecting Critical Regions in Covert Networks: A Case Study of 9/11 Terrorists Network
Authors: Nasrullah Memon, Kim C. Kristoffersen, David L. Hicks, Henrik Legind Larsen
Venue: Proceedings of the The Second International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security (2007)

This paper presents the study of structural cohesion which is discussed in Social Network Analysis (SNA), but can also be used in several other important application areas including investigative data mining for destabilizing terrorist networks. Structural cohesion is defined as the number of actors who, if removed from a group, would disconnect the group. In this paper we discuss structural cohesion concepts, such as cliques, n-cliques, n-clans and k-plex to determine familiarity, robustness and reachability within subgroups of the 9/11 terrorist network. Moreover we also propose a methodology of detecting critical regions in covet networks; removing/ capturing those nodes will disrupt most of the network.
Research Directions in Requirements Engineering
Authors: Betty H. C. Cheng, Joanne M. Atlee
Venue: 2007 Future of Software Engineering (2007)

In this paper, we review current requirements engineering (RE) research and identify future research directions suggested by emerging software needs. First, we overview the state of the art in RE research. The research is considered with respect to technologies developed to address specific requirements tasks, such as elicitation, modeling, and analysis. Such a review enables us to identify mature areas of research, as well as areas that warrant further investigation. Next, we review several strategies for performing and extending RE research results, to help delineate the scope of future research directions. Finally, we highlight what we consider to be the "hot" current and future research topics, which aim to address RE needs for emerging systems of the future.