ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Global biosecurity in a complex, dynamic world
Authors: Brenda A. Wilson
Venue: Complexity (2008)

Biosecurity is emerging as a major global health priority for which innovative and unprecedented solutions are needed. Biosecurity is a challenging biocomplexity problem involving multifaceted processes such as interactions between humans and nonhuman biota, anthropogenic environmental and ecological factors, and socioeconomic and political pressures. Key to an effective biosecurity strategy will be fundamental understanding of evolutionary, anthropogenic and environmental driving forces at play in transmission and perpetuation of infectious diseases. Biosecurity solutions will depend on increased support of basic biomedical research and public education, enhanced healthcare preparedness, alternative strategies for ensuringsafety, and improved interagency cooperation regarding global health policy. &copy; 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity, 2008.
Revisiting the Vector Retrieval Model in Context of the MPEG-7 Semantic Description Scheme
Authors: Mathias Lux
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 Ninth International Workshop on Image Analysis for Multimedia Interactive Services (2008)

Due to the semantic gap multimedia metadata is currently the only way to allow multimedia information retrieval on a conceptual level. One prominent multimedia metadata standard is MPEG-7. It offers means to annotate multimedia content using concepts and semantic relations. While several practical solutions for retrieval of MPEG-7 based conceptual annotations exist, a basic theoretical model has not been discussed yet. The paper in hand presents a vector representation for the MPEG-7 semantic description scheme and shows that the vector representation is unique and invertible. The vector representation allows the application of the vector retrieval model and therefore common retrieval mechanisms like weighting and indexing techniques or clustering.
Authenticated Deterministic Secure Quantum Communication Based on Entanglement Swapping
Authors: Wenjie Liu, Hanwu Chen, Zhihao Liu, Wenbo Hu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 Second International Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary Computing (2008)

In this paper, an authenticated deterministic secure quantum communication protocol based on entanglement swapping is presented. The users' identity will be authenticated, and only legitimate users can anticipate the communication even though there are no quantum communication channels between them. The authentication center acts as the server of modern application system, and the users is like those clients linked with the server, then the users communicate with each other through the authentication center. The security of our protocol is analyzed to be secure against the eavesdropping attacks and the impersonation attack.
Guest Editor's Introduction: Content Repurposing
Authors: Gurminder Singh
Venue: IEEE MultiMedia (2004)

This special issue focuses on the challenges, architectures, technology, and tools for content repurposing.Typically, Web content comprises text, images, animations, and video. Since images,animations, and video are harder to handle, the early content repurposing efforts focused on delivering text. While this is useful for many applications such as stock quotes, weather conditions,traffic updates, and news headlines, users are accustomed to the Web experience and want to receive richer content. In many situations, such as when users are mobile or short of time, they find it easier to comprehend information presented as images and videos. The articles in this special issue focus on rich content only.
Computer recognition of aesthetics in a zero-sum perfect information game
Authors: Azlan Iqbal, Mashkuri Yaacob
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th WSEAS International Conference on Artificial intelligence, knowledge engineering and data bases (2008)

Zero-sum perfect information games are those where all the moves are known to every player. Examples include chess, go and noughts and crosses. This research intended to see if aesthetics within such a domain could be formalized for machine recognition since it is often appreciated and sought after by human players. For this purpose, Western or International chess was the most suitable because there is a strong body of literature on the subject, including its aesthetic aspect. Eight principles of aesthetics were identified and formalizations derived for each to form a cumulative model of aesthetics. A computer program that incorporated the model was developed for testing purposes. Two novel experiments were then performed comparing thousands of chess compositions (where aesthetics is generally more prominent) against regular games (where it is not) and the results suggest that computers can recognize beauty in the game. Possible applications of this research include more versatile chess database search engines, better automatic chess problem composers and computational aid to judges of composition and brilliancy tournaments. In addition, the methodology applied here can be used to gauge aesthetics in similarly complex games such as go and generally to develop better game heuristics.
Copyright Management for the LUISA Semantic Learning Content Management System
Authors: Roberto García, Tomas Pariente
Venue: Proceedings of the 1st world summit on The Knowledge Society: Emerging Technologies and Information Systems for the Knowledge Society (2008)

Semantic Web technology is able to provide the required computational semantics for interoperability of learning resources across different Learning Management Systems (LMS) and Learning Object Repositories (LOR). The EU research project LUISA (Learning Content Management System Using Innovative Semantic Web Services Architecture) addresses the development of a reference semantic architecture for the major challenges in the search, interchange and delivery of learning objects in a service-oriented context. One of the key issues, highlighted in this paper, is Digital Rights Management (DRM) interoperability. A Semantic Web approach to copyright management has been followed, which places a Copyright Ontology as the key component for interoperability among existing DRM systems and other licensing schemes like Creative Commons. Moreover, Semantic Web tools like reasoners, rule engines and semantic queries facilitate the implementation of an interoperable copyright management component in the LUISA architecture.
Certified E-Mail Protocol in the ID-Based Setting
Authors: Chunxiang Gu, Yuefei Zhu, Yonghui Zheng
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Applied Cryptography and Network Security (2007)

ID-based public key cryptosystem can be a good alternative for certificate-based public key setting, especially when efficient key management and moderate security are required. Certified e-mail protocols provide for fair exchange in which the intended recipient gets the e-mail content if and only if the mail originator receives an irrefutable receipt for the e-mail. In this paper we present an optimistic certified e-mail protocol in an ID-based setting. The protocol makes use of verifiable encryption of ID-based digital signatures as building blocks. We offer arguments for the fairness, efficiency, and provable security of our new protocol.
A Heuristic Search for Optimal Parameter Values of Three Biokinetic Growth Models for Describing Batch Cultivations of Streptococcus Pneumoniae in Bioreactors
Authors: Luciana Montera, Antonio C. Horta, Teresa C. Zangirolami, Maria Carmo Nicoletti, Talita S. Carmo, Viviane M. Gonçalves
Venue: Proceedings of the 21st international conference on Industrial, Engineering and Other Applications of Applied Intelligent Systems: New Frontiers in Applied Artificial Intelligence (2008)

Simulated annealing (SA) is a stochastic search procedure which can lead to a reliable optimization method. This work describes a dynamic mathematical model for Streptococcus pneumoniae batch cultivations containing 8 unknown parameters, which were calibrated by a SA algorithm through the minimization of an evaluation function based on the performance of the model on real experimental data. Three kinetic expressions, the Monod, Moser and Tessier equations, commonly employed to describe microbial growth were tested in the model simulations. SA convergence was achieved after 13810 interactions (about 10 minutes of computing time) and the Tessier equation was identified as the kinetic expression which provided the best fit to the cultivation dataset used for parameter estimation. The model comprising the Tessier equation, estimated parameter values supplied by SA and mass balance equations was further validated by comparing the simulated results to 3 experimental datasets from new cultivations carried out in similar conditions.
Optimal subspace dimensionality for k-nearest-neighbor queries on clustered and dimensionality reduced datasets with SVD
Authors: Alexander Thomasian, Yue Li, Lijuan Zhang
Venue: Multimedia Tools and Applications (2008)

Content based image retrieval represents images as N- dimensional feature vectors. The k images most similar to a target image, i.e., those closest to its feature vector, are determined by applying a k-nearest-neighbor (k-NN) query. A sequential scan of the feature vectors for k-NN queries is costly for a large number of images when N is high. The search space can be reduced by indexing the data, but the effectiveness of multidimensional indices is poor for high dimensional data. Building indices on dimensionality reduced data is one method to improve indexing efficiency. We utilize the Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) method to attain dimensionality reduction (DR) with minimum information loss for static data. Clustered SVD (CSVD) combines clustering with SVD to attain a lower normalized mean square error (NMSE) by taking advantage of the fact that most real-world datasets exhibit local rather than global correlations. The Local Dimensionality Reduction (LDR) method differs from CSVD in that it uses an SVD-friendly clustering method, rather than the k-means clustering method. We propose a hybrid method which combines the clustering method of LDR with the DR method of CSVD, so that the vector of the number of retained dimensions of the clusters is determined by varying the NMSE. We build SR-tree indices based on the vectors in the clusters to determine the number of accessed pages for exact k-NN queries (Thomasian et al., Inf Process Lett - IPL 94(6):247---252, 2005) (see Section A.3 versus the NMSE. Varying the NMSE a minimum cost can be found, because the lower cost of accessing a smaller index is offset with the higher postprocessing cost resulting from lower retrieval accuracy. Experimenting with one synthetic and three real-world datasets leads to the conclusion that the lowest cost is attained at NMSE¿¿¿0.03 and between 1/3 and 1/2 of the number of dimensions are retained. In one case doubling the number of dimensions cuts the number of accessed pages by one half. The Appendix provides the requisite background information for reading this paper.
A heuristic based on multi-exchange techniques for a regional fleet assignment location-routing problem
Authors: Daniela Ambrosino, Anna Sciomachen, Maria Grazia Scutellí
Venue: Computers and Operations Research (2009)

We deal with a distribution network design problem that involves location, fleet assignment and routing decisions. Specifically, the distribution network under investigation is characterized by one central depot, a set of customers split into regions, and a heterogeneous fleet of vehicles. The goal is to locate one regional depot in each region, to assign some vehicles to each region, and to design the vehicles routes, each starting and ending at the central depot, in such a way that the regional depot is visited once by all vehicles assigned to the corresponding region, the vehicle capacities are not exceeded, the customer demands are satisfied and the overall distribution cost is minimized. The study has been motivated by a real life application related to a company operating in the North of Italy. We propose a two-phase heuristic for this problem which first determines an initial feasible solution, and then improves it by using very large neighborhood search techniques. We characterize a local search neighborhood in terms of path and cyclic exchanges of customers among routes, the so-called multi-exchanges. We also extend the definition of multi-exchange in such a way to allow fleet assignment modifications. We then complement the multi-exchange methodology with a more classic relocation mechanism, designed to perform depot location adjustments. The proposed approach has been validated with the real life case study as well as with several randomly generated instances. The results of the extensive computational experimentation show that the proposed approach is very promising. In the case of instances characterized by a small or a medium size the heuristic was able to compute very good quality solutions in a limited amount of time. In the case of very large instances, including the real case study, the heuristic proved to be the only tool for determining feasible solutions to the problem, whereas a commercial solver such as CPLEX generally was not able to discover any feasible solution within a time limit of 25h.
Digitizer Technology: Performance Characteristics and the Effects on the User Interface
Authors: Jean Ward, Mark Phillips
Venue: IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications (1987)

Tablet digitizers are common devices for getting graphical data into a computer. For many applications, they are the only practical device. Because tablet digitizers have been in existence for many years, they are often regarded as "old hat" technology¿nothing new can be said about them and no significant technical developments other than price decreases can be expected. This is a misconception. We have found several misunderstood performance characteristic, characteristics that can have a major effect on the user's ability to use a tablet digitizer in many interactive applications. The risk to an application designer is that the or she may base the interface design on incorrect assumptions. As a consequence, the interface may be awkward to use. The article shows what some of these characteristics are how to evaluate their effect in different classes of applications. Specific examples are taken from a hand-printing application for character recognition.
The structure of of executive situations and knowledge management of the grade1-9 curriculum in the elementary school
Authors: Wen-Jiuh Chiang, Rong-Jyue Fang, Zhen-Gang Chen, Hua-Lin Tsai
Venue: Proceedings of the American Conference on Applied Mathematics (2008)

The purpose of this research is to realize the viewpoints of the related questions of the grade1-9 curriculum, and to offer the practical suggestions. There are "questionnaire" and "interview" involved in this study. The public elementary school teachers in Kaohsiung city are the main objects in this research. After arranging these data, we obtain some suggestions from the findings of this study. Actually, the main conclusions of the study are as follows: Situation of the Grade1-9 curriculum of the elementary school teachers. Finally, according to the conclusions of the study, we hope to offer some suggestions for teacher-training institutions, educational authorities, and administrators of elementary schools, elementary school teachers and the future researches.
Computational Discovery of Scientific Knowledge
Authors: Sašo Džeroski, Pat Langley, Ljupčo Todorovski
Venue: Computational Discovery of Scientific Knowledge: Introduction, Techniques, and Applications in Environmental and Life Sciences (2007)

This chapter introduces the field of computational scientific discovery and provides a brief overview thereof. We first try to be more specific about what scientific discovery is and also place it in the broader context of the scientific enterprise. We discuss the components of scientific behavior, that is, the knowledge structures that arise in science and the processes that manipulate them. We give a brief historical review of research in computational scientific discovery and discuss the lessons learned, especially in relation to work in data mining that has recently received substantial attention. Finally, we discuss the contents of the book and how it fits in the overall framework of computational scientific discovery.
Three Layered Thinking Model for Designing Web-Based Educational Games
Authors: Fong-Ling Fu, Sheng-Chin Yu
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Advances in Web Based Learning (2008)

With the rapid development of the Internet and multimedia technologies, it has become feasible for educators to produce Web-based educational games. However, challenges remain in terms of how to create content that ensures effective learning environments for different types of knowledge under a limited budget. Thus, this paper presents a three layered model of game design that integrates game goals within the curriculum and game design. The model stresses the importance of decreasing the task complexity and increasing the four flow factors: skill, challenge, concentration and pleasure. This model has been applied to an experimental study in which three games were empirically designed to test its practical usefulness. Findings indicated that the integrated quality of a Web-based game encourages the learner's engagement. Since Web-based educational games are at an early stage of development, this model promises to be a useful tool for all phase of educational game design.
NAOMI --- An Experimental Platform for Multi---modeling
Authors: Trip Denton, Edward Jones, Srini Srinivasan, Ken Owens, Richard W. Buskens
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (2008)

Domain-specific modeling languages (DSMLs) are designed to provide precise abstractions of domain-specific constructs. However, models for complex systems typically do not fit neatly within a single domain and capturing all important aspects of such a system requires developing multiple models using different DSMLs. Combining these models into multi-models presents difficult challenges, most importantly those of integrating the various models and keeping both the models and their associated data synchronized. To this end, we present NAOMI, an experimental platform for enabling multiple models, developed in different DSMLs, to work together. NAOMI analyzes model dependencies to determine the impact of changes to one model on other dependent models and coordinates the propagation of necessary model changes. NAOMI also serves as a useful testbed for exploring how diverse modeling paradigms can be combined.
Spoken Document Retrieval Based on Approximated Sequence Alignment
Authors: Pere R. Comas, Jordi Turmo
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Text, Speech and Dialogue (2008)

This paper presents a new approach to spoken document information retrieval for spontaneous speech corpora. The classical approach to this problem is the use of an automatic speech recognizer (ASR) combined with standard information retrieval techniques. However, ASRs tend to produce transcripts of spontaneous speech with significant word error rate, which is a drawback for standard retrieval techniques. To overcome such a limitation, our method is based on an approximated sequence alignment algorithm to search "sounds like" sequences. Our approach does not depend on extra information from the ASR and outperforms up to 7 points the precision of state-of-the-art techniques in our experiments.
Cognitive Systems for Medical Pattern Understanding and Diagnosis
Authors: Lidia Ogiela
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems, Part I (2008)

In the paper will be presented a new way of intelligent cognitive systems and pattern analysis using cognitive categorization. Such an understanding will be based on the linguistic and cognitive mechanisms of pattern recognition and classification. The goal is making computer analysis of the meaning for some selected classes of medical patterns. The approach presented will show the possibilities of automatic and intelligent disease detection and its classification based on cognitive resonance processes. Cognitive categorisation systems operate by executing a particular type of thought, cognitive and reasoning processes which take place in the human mind and which ultimately lead to making an in-depth description of the analysis and reasoning process.
Evaluation of Mobile and Home Based Cognitive Prosthetics
Authors: Chris Nugent, Ferial Moelaert, Richard Davies, Mark Donnelly, Stefan Savenstedt, Franka Meiland, Rose-Marie Droes, Marike Hettinga, David Craig, Maurice Mulvenna, Johan E. Bengstsson
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Smart Homes and Health Telematics (2008)

Those suffering from mild dementia exhibit impairments of memory, thought and reasoning. It has been recognised that the deployment of technological solutions to address such impairments may have a major positive impact on quality of life. In the current paper we present results from the CogKnow Project following the evaluation of a suite of mobile and home based cognitive prosthetics to assist persons suffering from mild dementia. The results following an evaluation of the technology conducted with 16 people with mild dementia (and their carers) across 3 different trial sites are outlined. The paper concludes with details describing the process by which the outcomes of the evaluation will be used to guide the developments of a second generation of both mobile and home based cognitive prosthetic.
A speed and mechanical torque observer based on WLSVR
Authors: Zhang Gui-Xiang, Chen Hong-Wei
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th WSEAS International Conference on Applied Computer and Applied Computational Science (2008)

In this paper, a speed and mechanical torque observer is proposed in this paper. By using wavelet least squared support vector regressions (WLSVR) to model nonlinear relationship between the variables of the motor, the observer calculates the speed and mechanical torque on the basis of the voltage, the current and the frequency of the stator of the AC Asynchronous Electrical Dynamometer. Experiments have proved effectiveness of the proposed observer. The proposed method has paved a new way for the measurement of the speed and mechanical torque of the AC Asynchronous Electrical Dynamometer in the power- testing system. It is a useful way to simplify the structure of the currently used measurement system.
RTSJ extensions: event manager and feasibility analyzer
Authors: Damien Masson, Serge Midonnet
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th international workshop on Java technologies for real-time and embedded systems (2008)

We present in this paper our experience on the implementation with RTSJ of advanced algorithms to handle aperiodic traffic. We have adapted existing algorithms in order to take into account some constraints brought about by the use of Java language, and our aim which is to propose a portable mechanism. To circumscribe some difficulties, we had to use some programming ruses which could be better integrated into the specification. From these experiences resulted a set of modifications to the specification which we propose to submit to the community in this paper, in addition to a unified event manager framework.