ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Applying Visual Object Categorization and Memory Colors for Automatic Color Constancy
Authors: Esa Rahtu, Jarno Nikkanen, Juho Kannala, Leena Lepistö, Janne Heikkilä
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing (2009)

This paper presents a framework for using high-level visual information to enhance the performance of automatic color constancy algorithms. The approach is based on recognizing special visual object categories, called here as memory color categories, which have a relatively constant color (e.g. the sky). If such category is found from image, the initial white balance provided by a low-level color constancy algorithm can be adjusted so that the observed color of the category moves toward the desired color. The magnitude and direction of the adjustment is controlled by the learned characteristics of the particular category in the chromaticity space. The object categorization is performed using bag-of-features method and raw camera data with reduced preprocessing and resolution. The proposed approach is demonstrated in experiments involving the standard gray-world and the state-of-the-art gray-edge color constancy methods. In both cases the introduced approach improves the performance of the original methods.
Modeling MapReduce with CSP
Authors: Wen Su, Fan Yang, Huibiao Zhu, Qin Li
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Third IEEE International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Software Engineering (2009)

As a programming model, MapReduce is implied for easier processing and generating large cluster of distributed data sets. We use CSP framework to model MapReduce system through which the parallelization of the computation and the distribution of data across multiple machines can be reflected. Some properties of MapReduce can be verified based on the achieved model.
Vesp'R: design and evaluation of a handheld AR device
Authors: Eduardo Veas, Ernst Kruijff
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (2008)

This paper focuses on the design of devices for handheld spatial interaction. In particular, it addresses the requirements and construction of a new platform for interactive AR, described from an ergonomics stance, prioritizing human factors of spatial interaction. The result is a multi-configurable platform for spatial interaction, evaluated in two AR application scenarios. The user tests validate the design with regards to grip, weight balance and control allocation, and provide new insights on the human factors involved in handheld spatial interaction.
Diffusing events through JMS on the Sun SPOT platform: a practical experience report
Authors: Roberto Baldoni, Roberto Beraldi, Michele Dominici, Leonardo Querzoni
Venue: Proceedings of the Third ACM International Conference on Distributed Event-Based Systems (2009)

In the last few years there has been a growing interest in small, low-power hardware platforms that integrate sensing, processing and wireless communication capabilities that can be adopted to quickly deploy powerful wireless sensor networks. Applications for WSNs often apply the event-based interaction paradigm for communication among participants. In this paper we report our experiences with the testing of JORAM, a well known JMS implementation, on top of the Sun SPOT wireless sensor platform.
Recognition of referring expressions
Authors: Stig W. Jorgensen
Venue: Referring Phenomena in a Multimedia Context and their Computational Treatment (1997)

Computational models of referring such as those of Kronfeld (1990) and Heeman & Hirst (1995), being based on the view of language as goal-directed behaviour, assume that the act of referring includes making the hearer recognize the speaker's communicative goal. My present work centres on the question of how we recognize an expression as a referring expression, i.e. how do we know that the use of a noun phrase is intended to indicate a particular object? Working in a Kronfeldian framework, I assume that referring consists of a "literal goal" (making the hearer recognize the np as a referring expression) and a "discourse purpose" (making the hearer recognize and apply the right "identification constraints", such as the requirement that the referent should be identified perceptually, or should be identified with an entity introduced at a previous stage in the discourse). I propose that in some cases the recognition of the np as a referring expression depends on the recognition of the identification constraints. I work primarily with referring in the literary mode, looking for computationally manageable triggers such as lexical anchorings and information derivable from knowledge of genre, but I am also concerned with the questions of whether a unified approach to referring is possible and the extent to which text-based models can be generalized to a multimodal context. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
EverybodyLovesSketch: 3D sketching for a broader audience
Authors: Seok-Hyung Bae, Ravin Balakrishnan, Karan Singh
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology (2009)

We present EverybodyLovesSketch, a gesture-based 3D curve sketching system for rapid ideation and visualization of 3D forms, aimed at a broad audience. We first analyze traditional perspective drawing in professional practice. We then design a system built upon the paradigm of ILoveSketch, a 3D curve drawing system for design professionals. The new system incorporates many interaction aspects of perspective drawing with judicious automation to enable novices with no perspective training to proficiently create 3D curve sketches. EverybodyLovesSketch supports a number of novel interactions: tick-based sketch plane selection, single view definition of arbitrary extrusion vectors, multiple extruded surface sketching, copy-and-project of 3D curves, freeform surface sketching, and an interactive perspective grid. Finally, we present a study involving 49 high school students (with no formal artistic training) who each learned and used the system over 11 days, which provides detailed insights into the popularity, power and usability of the various techniques, and shows our system to be easily learnt and effectively used, with broad appeal.
Bimodal spatial reasoning with continuous motion
Authors: Samuel Wintermute, John E. Laird
Venue: Proceedings of the 23rd national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 3 (2008)

Symbolic AI systems typically have difficulty reasoning about motion in continuous environments, such as determining whether a cornering car will clear a close obstacle. Bimodal systems, integrating a qualitative symbolic system with a quantitative diagram-like spatial representation, are capable of solving this sort of problem, but questions remain of how and where knowledge about fine-grained motion processes is represented, and how it is applied to the problem. In this paper, we argue that forward simulation of motion is an appropriate method, and introduce continuous motion models to enable this simulation. These motion-specific models control behavior of objects at the spatial level, while general mechanisms in the higher qualitative level control and monitor them. This interaction of low-and high-level activity allows for problem solving that is both precise in individual problems and general across multiple problems. In addition, this approach allows perception and action mechanisms to be reused in reasoning about hypothetical motion problems and abstract non-motion problems, and points to how symbolic AI can become more grounded in the real world. We demonstrate implemented systems that solve problems in diverse domains, and connections to action control are discussed.
Profitability Analysis of Workflow Management Systems
Authors: Horst Gruber, Christian Huemer
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE Conference on Commerce and Enterprise Computing (2009)

Workflow technology promises an increase in efficiency in the execution of business processes. The technology is widely accepted, but often the high costs exceed the promised benefits. Thus, it is desirable to calculate the profitability prior to investing into workflow technology. After an investment into workflow management systems (WFMS), it has to be verified whether the expected benefits have been realized or not. In this paper we present a method that covers both, the cost-benefit-ratio calculations specially customized for WFMS and the calculation of the realized savings. The profitability analysis is based on simple measurable performance indicators that consider the tangible calculation of costs as well as the quantitative and qualitative benefits. Long time practical experience in implementing and operating workflow management supported the design of the method. The method presented in this paper has been successfully used in the IT company of a banking corporation.
Adaptive User Interfaces: Benefit or Impediment for Lower-Literacy Users?
Authors: Ivar Solheim
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th International on ConferenceUniversal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Part II: Intelligent and Ubiquitous Interaction Environments (2009)

This paper addresses web accessibility and usability for lower-literacy users with limited ICT skills. Although adaptive and adaptable user interfaces have been studied and discussed at least since the 80s, the potential of adaptive user interfaces is still far from realization. A main conclusion drawn in this paper is that simple, straightforward and intuitive adaptivity mechanisms may work well, but more complex and pervasive ones don't, and may even be counterproductive. A potential pitfall may be simplistic and "cognitivist" user and task modelling that fails to take the user's experience, competence and socio-psychological context--in short, the user's actual, real perspective and environment--into account.
The κ-Lattice: Decidability Boundaries for Qualitative Analysis in Biological Languages
Authors: Giorgio Delzanno, Cinzia Giusto, Maurizio Gabbrielli, Cosimo Laneve, Gianluigi Zavattaro
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Computational Methods in Systems Biology (2009)

The &kappa;-calculus is a formalism for modelling molecular biology where molecules are terms with internal state and sites, bonds are represented by shared names labelling sites, and reactions are represented by rewriting rules. Depending on the shape of the rewriting rules, a lattice of dialects of &kappa; can be obtained. We analyze the expressive power of some of these dialects by focusing on the thin boundary between decidability and undecidability for problems like reachability and coverability.
A maximum likelihood framework for integrating taxonomies
Authors: Suju Rajan, Kunal Punera, Joydeep Ghosh
Venue: Proceedings of the 20th national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 2 (2005)

Many approaches have been proposed for the problem of mapping categories (classes) from a source taxonomy to classes in a master taxonomy. Most of these techniques, however, ignore the hierarchical structure of the taxonomies. In this paper, we propose a maximum likelihood based framework which exploits the hierarchical structure to obtain a more natural mapping between the source classes and the master taxonomy. Furthermore, unlike previous work, our technique also inserts source classes into appropriate places of the master hierarchy creating new categories if required. We evaluate our approach on text and hyperspectral datasets.
Effect of Peripheral Communication Pace on Attention Allocation in a Dual-Task Situation
Authors: Sofiane Gueddana, Nicolas Roussel
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th IFIP TC 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Part II (2009)

Peripheral displays allow continuous awareness of information while performing other activities. Monitoring such a display while performing a central task has a cognitive cost that depends on its perceptual salience and the distraction it causes, i.e. the amount of attention it attracts away from the user's primary action. This paper considers the particular case of peripheral displays for interpersonal communication. It reports on an experiment that studied the effect of peripheral communication pace on subjects' allocation of attention in a dual-task situation: a snapshot-based peripheral monitoring task where participants need to assess the presence of a remote person, and a central text-correcting task against the clock. Our results show that the addition of the peripheral task caused a drop in the success rate of the central task. As the pace of snapshots increased, success rate decreased on the peripheral task while on the central one, success rate remained the same but failures to reply in time occurred more frequently. These results suggest that the increase in pace of snapshots caused participants to change their strategy for the central task and allocate more attention to the peripheral one, not enough to maintain peripheral performance but also not to the point where it would affect central performance. Overall, our work suggests that peripheral communication pace subtly influences attention allocation in dual-task situations. We conclude by discussing how control over information pace could help users of communication systems to adjust their local distraction as well as the attention they draw from remote users.
Study on the Traffic Flow Guidance Model of Expressway Based on Data Fusion
Authors: Di Wu, Yan Shen
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation - Volume 02 (2009)

Aiming at the requirements of the complicated structure of the express highway circling centre city, and the high dependent degree of the traffic flow guidance, a model of the travel time prediction is proposed which based on the data fusion of the dynamic real-time collection data and the historical traffic data. According to the real-time collection data, one prediction value is calculated through the field collection traffic parameters which were fused beforehand, another is prediction from the historical data by using the improved Gray Model (GM). The final prediction value is fused by the former two types of data. A basic process for this model is proposed which can be applied to predict other traffic guidance information besides the travel time prediction. The effectiveness of this process and travel time prediction were tested using detected data collected in Chengdu city.
Robust understanding in multimodal interfaces
Authors: Srinivas Bangalore, Michael Johnston
Venue: Computational Linguistics (2009)

Multimodal grammars provide an effective mechanism for quickly creating integration and understanding capabilities for interactive systems supporting simultaneous use of multiple input modalities. However, like other approaches based on hand-crafted grammars, multimodal grammars can be brittle with respect to unexpected, erroneous, or disfluent input. In this article, we show how the finite-state approach to multimodal language processing can be extended to support multimodal applications combining speech with complex freehand pen input, and evaluate the approach in the context of a multimodal conversational system (MATCH). We explore a range of different techniques for improving the robustness of multimodal integration and understanding. These include techniques for building effective language models for speech recognition when little or no multimodal training data is available, and techniques for robust multimodal understanding that draw on classification, machine translation, and sequence edit methods. We also explore the use of edit-based methods to overcome mismatches between the gesture stream and the speech stream.
ShowMe Guides CRE Loaded 6.2 Training Manual
Authors: Kerry Watson, Jessica Sebastian
Venue:  (2009)

If you need to quickly learn how to set up and operate an online business... especially if you have no prior experience with websites or ecommerce... YOU NEED THIS BOOK. The CRE Loaded Training Manual makes learning the "language" of ecommerce easy and fun. Each chapter corresponds to a chapter in the CRE Loaded User Manual, giving insight and background into the material.
A Term Rewriting Approach to the Automated Termination Analysis of Imperative Programs
Authors: Stephan Falke, Deepak Kapur
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Automated Deduction (2009)

An approach based on term rewriting techniques for the automated termination analysis of imperative programs operating on integers is presented. An imperative program is transformed into rewrite rules with constraints from quantifier-free Presburger arithmetic. Any computation in the imperative program corresponds to a rewrite sequence, and termination of the rewrite system thus implies termination of the imperative program. Termination of the rewrite system is analyzed using a decision procedure for Presburger arithmetic that identifies possible chains of rewrite rules, and automatically generated polynomial interpretations are used to show finiteness of such chains. An implementation of the approach has been evaluated on a large collection of imperative programs, thus demonstrating its effectiveness and practicality.
Eye movement analysis for activity recognition
Authors: Andreas Bulling, Jamie A. Ward, Hans Gellersen, Gerhard Tröster
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Ubiquitous computing (2009)

In this work we investigate eye movement analysis as a new modality for recognising human activity. We devise 90 different features based on the main eye movement characteristics: saccades, fixations and blinks. The features are derived from eye movement data recorded using a wearable electrooculographic (EOG) system. We describe a recognition methodology that combines minimum redundancy maximum relevance feature selection (mRMR) with a support vector machine (SVM) classifier. We validate the method in an eight participant study in an office environment using five activity classes: copying a text, reading a printed paper, taking hand-written notes, watching a video and browsing the web. In addition, we include periods with no specific activity. Using a person-independent (leave-one-out) training scheme, we obtain an average precision of 76.1% and recall of 70.5% over all classes and participants. We discuss the most relevant features and show that eye movement analysis is a rich and thus promising modality for activity recognition.
Extracting High-Order Aesthetic and Affective Components from Composer's Writings
Authors: Akifumi Tokosumi, Hajime Murai
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Part III: Ubiquitous and Intelligent Interaction (2009)

A digital humanities technique for the network analysis of words with a text is applied to capture the subtle and sensitive contents of essays written by a contemporary composer of classical music. Based on analysis findings, the possible contributions of digital humanities to affective technology are discussed. This paper also provides a systematic view of digital humanities and affective technology.
e-assessment using latent semantic analysis in the computer science domain: a pilot study
Authors: Pete Thomas, Debra Haley, Anne deRoeck, Marian Petre
Venue: Proceedings of the Workshop on eLearning for Computational Linguistics and Computational Linguistics for eLearning (2004)

Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) is a statistical Natural Language Processing (NLP) technique for inferring meaning from a text. Existing LSA-based applications focus on formative assessment in general domains. The suitability of LSA for summative assessment in the domain of computer science is not well known. The results from the pilot study reported in this paper encourage us to pursue further research in the use of LSA in the narrow, technical domain of computer science. This paper explains the theory behind LSA, describes some existing LSA applications, and presents some results using LSA for automatic marking of short essays for a graduate class in architectures of computing systems.
NP-external arguments a study of argument sharing in English
Authors: Adam Meyers, Ruth Reeves, Catherine Macleod
Venue: Proceedings of the Workshop on Multiword Expressions: Integrating Processing (2004)

We explore some predicate-argument-structure phenomena in the context of the NomBank annotation project for English. Support verbs (<u>They</u> completed the acquisition), transparent nouns (<u>His</u> first batch of questions), prepositions (At Mary's request, <u>John left the room</u>) and other lexical items can link arguments of a noun N to positions outside of the NP headed by N. In these examples, They is an argument of acquisition, His is an argument of questions and John left the room is an argument of request. In most cases, these NP-external arguments are linked to a multiword expression (MWE) consisting of the noun predicate and (at least) one other item: a support verb, transparent noun, preposition, etc. This paper discusses properties of these constructions and how they interact. For example, in <u>Disney</u> made dozens of attempts to acquire Apple, Disney is an argument of acquire, due to linking properties of the support construction make + attempt and the quantificational noun dozens.
Optimization on Handling and Temperature Control System of Product/Chemicals Carrier
Authors: Xian-yao Meng, Song Meng, Xin-jie Han
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation - Volume 02 (2009)

The design of non-pump room in a Panama-type carrier, the optimization on product oil/chemicals handling stripping system and temperature control of liquid cargo in high temperature are studied in the paper according to the IMO MARPOL 73/78 which is about international criterion of structure and equipments of ships which transports dangerous chemicals in bulk, and the special demands for the transportation of product oil and chemicals. A dual-circulation temperature control system is introduced for the sake of safety transportation of liquid cargo in high temperature. The heating mediums contain hot water, steam and hot oil. The research can solve the problem of decreasing the stripping remains and the safety precaution of chemicals transportation. Field-buses distributed structure and PLC technology are adopted in the temperature control system. A beneficial research has been done in searching for the key technology in the building of new type ships.
Internet Tiered Services: Theory, Economics, and Quality of Service, 1st edition
Authors: George N. Rouskas
Venue:  (2009)

This book provides a theoretical framework for reasoning about and pricing Internet tiered services, as well as a practical toolset for network providers to develop customized menus of service offerings. Internet service providers (ISPs) have introduced several forms of a tiered service, in which users may select from a small set of tiers that offer progressively higher levels of service with a corresponding increase in price. The material provides a comprehensive study of the design, sizing, pricing, and operation of Internet tiered services. It also addresses the following issues: optimization of service tier selection and sizing, economic models for optimal pricing of service tiers, models for optimizing bundles of services, and applications of tiered services in simplifying important QoS functions in the network, including fair packet scheduling. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player