ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Critical Success Factors for Web 2.0 --- A Reference Framework
Authors: Pedro Isaías, Paula Miranda, Sara Pífano
Venue: Proceedings of the 3d International Conference on Online Communities and Social Computing: Held as Part of HCI International 2009 (2009)

The new generation of web-based communities, Web. 2.0, represents an innovation in terms of users interaction as it becomes increasingly dependent of it. It empowers users to create and manage content, placing them at the core of its success. This paper will propose a Web 2.0 Critical Success Factors (CSFs) theoretical framework. With the widespread popularity of these applications it becomes important to analyze the source of their success and unveil why some are more successful than others. More importantly, it may help Web 2.0 start-ups to understand what features they need to develop to make their applications succeed in an already very populated network.
Accessing data from many servers simultaneously and adaptively in data grids
Authors: Ruay-Shiung Chang, Chun-Fu Lin, Shih-Chun Hsi
Venue: Future Generation Computer Systems (2010)

In data grid environments, data replication services increase the reliability and the availability of the data sets. Using replicas, a data set can be downloaded from many servers simultaneously in order to improve the performance of the data transfer. However, the servers selected may become slow or congested. Therefore, it should be replaced dynamically. In this paper, we propose a method to improve the efficiency of downloading by reevaluating the conditions of all servers that can supply the dataset during the download progress. Current servers used for downloading, if perform unsatisfactorily, will be replaced by others that meet the performance criteria. In all previous schemes in parallel downloading, the load of an ill performing server will be just transferred to a more powerful server. However, intuitively if there are idle servers around that also have this data, why not use them? Therefore, our method will monitor all servers that can supply the data even if a server is not involved in the download process initially. Loads may be transferred from a working server to a non-working server, not just transferred to another working server. Furthermore, to decide the suitability of a server, we consider not only the connection bandwidth but also the status within a server such as CPU and memory usage. We implement our method in a real grid environment. Our method decreases the completion time by 1.63%-13.45% in the real grid environment and by 6.28%-30.56% in the grid environment with other injected load when compared to the recursive co-allocation scheme. It shows that the proposed scheme adapts to the dynamic environment nicely and decreases the total download time effectively.
Geoscience explanations: Identifying what is needed for generating scientific narratives from data models
Authors: Femke Reitsma
Venue: Environmental Modelling Software (2010)

As models of geoscience systems grow in number and size, so grows the need for tools to help express the output of those models in usable forms. In this paper the utility of the output of a model is defined as its ability to support scientific explanation. Commonly the output of a model might include statistics, graphs, maps, images and animations, which require expert interpretation and evaluation in the context of the model setup or implementation. Here the narrative is presented as a type of output from a model that can present the results of a model in a form that is more useful for the non-expert. Narratives provide a rich medium for expressing causal chains of events that form the basis for explanation and its future use in policy and decision making. This paper reviews research on narratives and their role in scientific explanation. The principles of narrative construction for the Geosciences are identified, which forms the basis for determining the key components needed in explanatory statements for communicating the output of geoscience models. The potential of existing data models used in model output for generating narratives are explored, followed by the conceptual presentation of an extended data model, which supports the narrative unit and has the potential to automate aspects of the generation of scientific explanation in narrative form.
Mapping for Multi-source Visualization: Scientific Information Retrieval Service (SIRS)
Authors: Dario Rodighiero, Matina Halkia, Massimiliano Gusmini
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Part IV: Interacting in Various Application Domains (2009)

This paper discusses the design process of a multi-index, multi-source information retrieval system (SIRS). SIRS provides comprehensive visualization of different document types for the JRC working environment. The interface design is based on elastic window management and on the Focus+Context method to browse large amounts of information without losing its contextual relevance. Source integration was achieved by mapping techniques, on which we applied methods, degree-of-separation and closure, to provide advanced relational context for objects.
Influence of Perceived Information Overload on Learning in Computer-Mediated Communication
Authors: Chun-Ying Chen
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Advances in Web Based Learning (2009)

Information overload (IO) is frequently reported as one of the main problems caused by computer-mediated communication (CMC), yet the literature is unclear about the impact of IO on student learning. This study therefore aimed to investigate the influence of online students' perceived IO on quality learning in CMC. Quality learning was defined as learning that is achievable by (a) reflective thinking through a deep level of information processing, and by (b) active learning through interaction with other people. The results suggest that students' perceived IO does not influence their deep processing as observed in their discussion messages, but might influence their participation and interaction with others in online discussions. Students' amount of invested mental effort put into study was observed as a major determinant of levels of information processing in this study.
Direct cellular vs. indirect pager communication during orthopaedic surgical procedures: A prospective study
Authors: Gil R. Ortega, Sudeep Taksali, Ryan Smart, Michael R. Baumgaertner
Venue: Technology and Health Care (2009)

Background: Cellular phone use within the hospital setting has increased as physicians, nurses, and ancillary staff incorporate wireless technologies in improving efficiencies, cost, and maintaining patient safety and high quality healthcare [11]. Through the use of wireless, cellular communication, an overall improvement in communication accuracy and efficiency between intraoperative orthopaedic surgeons and floor nurses may be achieved. Methods: Both communication types occurred while the surgeon was scrubbed in the operating room (OR). Indirect communication occurred when the pager call was answered by the OR circulating nurse with communication between the surgeon, circulating nurse, and floor nurse. Direct communication consisted of cell phone and Jabra&reg; Bluetooth BT200 wireless ear piece used by the surgeon. The surgeon answered the floor nurse's cellular call by phone ring-activated automatic answering. The study was conducted during scheduled orthopaedic procedures. An independent observer measured time variables with a stop-watch while orthopaedic nurses randomly called via pager or cell phone. The nurses asked for patient caregiver confirmation and answers to 30 different patient-care questions. Results: Sixty trials were performed with 30 cell and 30 page communications. Direct cellular communication showed a better response rate than indirect page (Cell 100%, Page 73%). Indirect page communication allowed a 27% and 33% error rate with patient problem and surgeon solution communications, respectively. There were no reported communication errors while using direct wireless, cellular communication. When compared to page communications, cellular communications showed statistically significant improvements in mean time intervals in response time (Cell = 11s, Page = 211s), correct patient identification (Cell = 5s, Page = 172s), patient problem and solution time (Cell = 13s, Page = 189s), and total communication time (Cell = 32s, Page = 250s) (s = seconds, all P < 0.001). Floor nurse satisfaction ratings (dependent on communication times and/or difficulties) were improved with direct cellular communication (Cell = 29 excellent, Page = 11 excellent). Intraoperative case interruptions (defined as delaying surgical progress) were more frequent with indirect page communication (10 page v. 0 cell). Conclusion and significance: Our study demonstrates that direct wireless communication may be used to improve intraoperative communication and enhance patient safety. Direct wireless, cellular intraoperative communication improves communication times, communication accuracy, communication satisfaction, and minimizes intraoperative case interruption. As a result of this study, we hope to maintain our transition to direct wireless, cellular intraoperative orthopaedic communication to reduce medical errors, improve patient care, and enhance both orthopaedic surgeon and nursing efficiencies.
A Standard Lexical-Terminological Resource for the Bio Domain
Authors: Valeria Quochi, Riccardo Gratta, Eva Sassolini, Roberto Bartolini, Monica Monachini, Nicoletta Calzolari
Venue: Human Language Technology. Challenges of the Information Society: Third Language and Technology Conference, LTC 2007, Poznan, Poland, October 5-7, 2007, Revised Selected Papers (2009)

The present paper describes a large-scale lexical resource for the biology domain designed both for human and for machine use. This lexicon aims at semantic interoperability and extendability, through the adoption of ISO-LMF standard for lexical representation and through a granular and distributed encoding of relevant information. The first part of this contribution focuses on three aspects of the model that are of particular interest to the biology community: the treatment of term variants, the representation on bio events and the alignment with a domain ontology. The second part of the paper describes the physical implementation of the model: a relational database equipped with a set of automatic uploading procedures. Peculiarity of the BioLexicon is that it combines features of both terminologies and lexicons. A set verbs relevant for the domain is also represented with full details on their syntactic and semantic argument structure.
Semi-supervised learning by mixed label propagation
Authors: Wei Tong, Rong Jin
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1 (2007)

Recent studies have shown that graph-based approaches are effective for semi-supervised learning. The key idea behind many graph-based approaches is to enforce the consistency between the class assignment of unlabeled examples and the pairwise similarity between examples. One major limitation with most graph-based approaches is that they are unable to explore dissimilarity or negative similarity. This is because the dissimilar relation is not transitive, and therefore is difficult to be propagated. Furthermore, negative similarity could result in unbounded energy functions, which makes most graph-based algorithms unapplicable. In this paper, we propose a new graph-based approach, termed as "mixed label propagation" which is able to effectively explore both similarity and dissimilarity simultaneously. In particular, the new framework determines the assignment of class labels by (1) minimizing the energy function associated with positive similarity, and (2) maximizing the energy function associated with negative similarity. Our empirical study with collaborative filtering shows promising performance of the proposed approach.
Spectators, a Joy to Watch
Authors: Ionut Damian, Kathrin Janowski, Dominik Sollfrank
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents (2009)

The tennis game that is described in the xml is a double, thus there are four tennis players on the court. There is a handful of spectators that are really excited about the game. The spectators have different preferences about the teams that they favor or are neutral. To vary the mood-states, each spectator has an euphoria factor that determines how much a change in the mood-state will affect it. The mood-state of a spectator is shown with expressive facial expressions and some typical animations. Additionally to the animations and expressions the mood-state is expressed by speech as well.
Research on the Influence of Probabilistic Theory Based on Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Yan-ming QI
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 IITA International Conference on Services Science, Management and Engineering (2009)

In order to recent advances in interactive information and probabilistic communication synchronize, and achieved superblocks. Here, we show the development of operating systems, which embodies the theoretical principles of hardware and architecture. A framework was introduced for courseware, the characteristics of our framework, in relation to those of more infamous methodologies, it was more key. We validated that scheme and operating systems are often incompatible. Our efforts was concentrated on validating that journaling file systems can be made signed, authenticated, and optimal. In fact, the main contribution of our work is that we verified not only that the much-touted cacheable algorithm for the synthesis of online algorithms.
CORMS AI: decision support system for monitoring US maritime environment
Authors: Haleh Vafaie, Carl Cecere
Venue: Proceedings of the 17th conference on Innovative applications of artificial intelligence - Volume 3 (2005)

Rule based reasoning and case based reasoning have emerged as two important and complementary reasoning methodologies in artificial intelligence (AI). This paper describes the approach for the development of CORMS AI, a decision support system which employs rule-based and case-based reasoning to assist NOAA's Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services watch standing personnel in monitoring the quality of marine environmental data and information. CORMS AI has been in operation since July 2003. The system accurately and reliably identifies suspect data and network disruptions, and has decreased the amount of time it takes to identify and troubleshoot sensor, network, and server failures. CORMS AI has proven to be robust, extendable, and cost effective. It is estimated that CORMS AI will save government over one million dollars per year when its full range of quality control monitoring capabilities is implemented.
Triple positive solutions for nonlinear boundary value problems in Banach space
Authors: Yulin Zhao, Haibo Chen
Venue: Computers Mathematics with Applications (2009)

In this paper, by applying two pairs of lower and upper solutions method and the topological degree theory of strict-set-contractions, the existence of at least three positive solutions to m-point boundary value problems for second order ordinary differential equations in Banach spaces is obtained.
Effects of Report Order on Identification on Multidimensional Stimulus: Color and Shape
Authors: I-Hsuan Shen, Kong-King Shieh
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics: Held as Part of HCI International 2009 (2009)

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of order of report on multidimensional stimuli under between-subject and within-subject designs. The two orders of report were Order Color/Shape and Order Shape/Color. Eighteen participants responded according to the instructed one of the two orders of report in between-subject study. Results showed that response time for Order Color/Shape was significantly shorter than Order Shape/Color. Order Color/Shape, fit the Chinese "adjective then noun" grammar, is more appropriate if people report stimulus attributes in ways consistent with their long-standing language habits. However, another group of eleven participants were required to respond according to task cue alternately in within-subject study. Results showed that switch cost as indicated by response times increase was greater for Order Color/Shape than Order Shape/Color (97 msec. vs. 41 msec. for response time for the first stimulus dimension; 95 msec. vs. 28 msec. for response time total). Such results didn't support the hypothesis that the switch cost would be greater for Order Shape/Color than for Order Color/Shape. The order in which the color attribute should be considered very clearly.
Visualization of Trends Using RadViz
Authors: Lenka Nováková, Olga Štěpánková
Venue: Proceedings of the 18th International Symposium on Foundations of Intelligent Systems (2009)

Data mining is sometimes treating data consisting of items representing measurements of a single property taken in different time points. In this case data can be understood as a time series of one feature. It is no exception when the clue for evaluation of such data is related to their development trends as observed in several successive time points.From the qualitative point of view one can distinguish 3 basic types of behavior between two neighboring time points: the value of the feature is stable (remains the same), it grows or it falls. This paper is concerned with identification of typical qualitative development patterns as they appear in the windows of given length in the considered time-stamped data and their utilization for specification of interesting subgroups.
Drivers for Change in Construction Procurement and its Impact on Management
Authors: James Harty, Richard Laing
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Second International Conference in Visualisation (2009)

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is transforming design and construction to achieve greater industrial-type procurement. Both general contractors and reluctantly sub contractors are beginning to adopt both BIM and Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) to improve performance and to reduce waste due to poor information ranging from inaccuracies, delays, misplacement, inconsistencies and uncoordination right through all construction phases. The synchronisation required to achieve this can best be supplied by technologists who have the ability to liaise with all the disciplines found in the construction process without compromising the specific roles found in the design team.
A generalized vector space model for text retrieval based on semantic relatedness
Authors: George Tsatsaronis, Vicky Panagiotopoulou
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Student Research Workshop (2009)

Generalized Vector Space Models (GVSM) extend the standard Vector Space Model (VSM) by embedding additional types of information, besides terms, in the representation of documents. An interesting type of information that can be used in such models is semantic information from word thesauri like WordNet. Previous attempts to construct GVSM reported contradicting results. The most challenging problem is to incorporate the semantic information in a theoretically sound and rigorous manner and to modify the standard interpretation of the VSM. In this paper we present a new GVSM model that exploits WordNet's semantic information. The model is based on a new measure of semantic relatedness between terms. Experimental study conducted in three TREC collections reveals that semantic information can boost text retrieval performance with the use of the proposed GVSM.
Gender-sensitive automated negotiators
Authors: Ron Katz, Sarit Kraus
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1 (2007)

This paper introduces an innovative approach for automated negotiating using the gender of human opponents. Our approach segments the information acquired from previous opponents, stores it in two databases, and models the typical behavior of males and of females. The two models are used in order to match an optimal strategy to each of the two subpopulations. In addition to the basic separation, we propose a learning algorithm which supplies an online indicator for the gender separability-level of the population, which tunes the level of separation the algorithm activates. The algorithm we present can be generally applied in different environments with no need for configuration of parameters. Experiments in 4 different one-shot domains, comparing the performance of the gender based separation approach with a basic approach which is not gender sensitive, revealed higher payoffs of the former in almost all the domains. Moreover, using the proposed learning algorithm further improved the results.
Dual-channel Haptic Synthesis of Viscoelastic Tissue Properties using Programmable Eddy Current Brakes
Authors: Andrew H. C. Gosline, Vincent Hayward
Venue: International Journal of Robotics Research (2009)

We describe a novel method for haptic synthesis of viscoelastic responses which employs a dual-channel haptic interface. It has motors that generate torque independently of velocity and brakes that generate viscous torque independently of position. In this way, twice as many states are directly accessible, which reduces reliance on observation and feedback. Torque-generating actuators, e.g. DC motors, are well known. For the viscous actuators, we use eddy current brakes as programmable, linear, non-contact, physical dampers. By decomposing a mechanical impedance to be realized into viscous and elastic components, we can dedicate each actuator to that component it is ideally suited to synthesize, dampers for the viscous component, and motors for the elastic component. The decomposition is in general not unique so it is possible to select the option that takes the best advantage of the hardware. Experimental results show that this technique can render a variety of viscoelastic models without the artifacts that can occur when synthesizing viscous components on conventional haptic interfaces. The synthesized mechanical impedances have guaranteed passivity, and can have arbitrarily high or low viscous and elastic components.
The effect of alternative tree representations on tree bank grammars
Authors: Mark Johnson
Venue: Proceedings of the Joint Conferences on New Methods in Language Processing and Computational Natural Language Learning (1998)

The performance of PCFGs estimated from tree banks is shown to be sensitive to the particular way in which linguistic constructions are represented as trees in the tree bank. This paper presents a theoretical analysis of the effect of different tree representations for PP attachment on PCFG models, and introduces a new methodology for empirically examining such effects using tree transformations. It shows that one transformation, which copies the label of a parent node onto the labels of its children, can improve the performance of a PCFG model in terms of labelled precision and recall on held out data from 73% (precision) and 69% (recall) to 80% and 79% respectively. It also points out that if only maximum likelihood parses are of interest then many productions can be ignored, since they are subsumed by combinations of other productions in the grammar. In the Penn II tree bank grammar, almost 9% of productions are subsumed in this way.