ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
A model for the configurable composition and synchronization of complex trading activities
Authors: Yain-Whar Si, David Edmond, Arthur H. M. ter Hofstede, Marlon Dumas
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 ACM symposium on Applied computing (2003)

With the increasing number of market places and potential trading partners across the e-commerce environment, it will become natural for multiple trading activities to be deployed as part of single trading strategy. This paper describes a multi-process model for controlling interrelated trading activities. The model includes a powerful generic synchronization construct for building a variety of executable trading engines. The modular design of the construct enables the realization of complex trading schemes, including a number of well known strategies from the financial trading domain. A homogeneous interface is defined to allow seamless integration of control modules built using this construct with elementary trading tasks which directly interact with the trading partners using various negotiation protocols. The model also enables iterative negotiation capabilities, which are essential in any complex trading environment. In addition, the model is designed to be orthogonal to the reasoning model so that any reasoning mechanism can be plugged into it.
The Impact of Information and Communication Technology Use on Interorganizational Learning in an IT Outsourcing Collaboration
Authors: Marlene Davidson, Lorne Olfman
Venue: Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 37th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'04) - Track 8 - Volume 8 (2004)

This paper presents three case studies that were used to develop theory on how information and communication technology (ICT) use impacts the ability of each partner in an alliance relationship to learn. The specific context for interorganizational learning was an IT outsourcer and three of its clients. The degree of organizational transparency and degree of receptivity were two key factors examined in the facilitation of the collaborations. Other factors examined because of their potential to impact the interorganizational learning outcomes in the relationships included: absorptive capacity (capacity of the partners to learn), relative absorptive capacity (similarity of the organizations) and the intent of the partners. Organizational transparency, organizational receptivity, intent and absorptive capacity were all found to have influenced the levels of interorganizational learning resulting from ICT use in the collaborations; no conclusive support was found for the impact of relative absorptive capacity.
Approximation methods to embed the non-integer order models in bond graphs
Authors: Nicolas Guijarro, Geneviève Dauphin-Tanguy
Venue: Signal Processing (2003)

In this paper, a methodology to approximate a class of infinite dimensional models by a bond graph model is investigated. This procedure is designed to preserve the passivity of the initial model. Through interconnections of passive elementary blocks (passivity is stable under interconnections), a finite dimensional passive approximate model is constructed. This finite dimensional model, if need be, is reduced thanks to a Krylov-Lanczos process. Finally, a bond graph realization of this reduced-order model is given. An example (a fractional power pole model) and an application (the CRONE suspension) demonstrate the usefulness of the whole approximation procedure. The paper ends with the discussion of the reduced-order model initial conditions determination problem in the non-integer order case.
Essential software structure through implicit context
Authors: Gail C. Murphy
Venue:  (2003)

Software reuse and evolution are problematic. Modules tend to express a great deal of knowledge about the external modules, large-scale structure, and behaviour of the systems in which they reside. As a result, the reusability of individual modules is decreased as they are too dependent on other modules. Likewise, the evolvability of systems is decreased as they are too dependent on the details of individual modules. However, we must have some dependences between our modules, or they would not be able to operate together. Not all dependences are equally bad, then. Each module can be seen to have a minimal core, an essential structure , beyond which it makes no sense to reduce. This essential structure describes the basic responsibilities of that module, and its expectations of the responsibilities of external modules. The thesis of this dissertation is that expressing the essential structure of our software modules, through the use of implicit context, makes those modules easier to reuse and the systems containing those modules easier to evolve. Implicit context revolves around the notion that we must abandon the need for all modules to be defined with respect to an absolute frame of reference. Instead, modules can be defined relative to a reference frame of convenience. In order for modules to work together, the inconsistencies in their independent world views must be reconciled when they attempt to communicate. Implicit context provides the novel mechanism of contextual dispatch to perform this reconciliation. When any communication passes into or out of a module, that communication may be rerouted, altered, replaced, or discarded altogether, as the situation dictates. This translation process sometimes requires access to information about the communication history of the system; objects previously passed can be retrieved, or the appropriate recipient of a message can be determined. The dissertation describes a prototype tool that supports the application of implicit context to Java source code. The thesis is validated by applying this tool in two case studies: comparing the evolution of an implicit context-based implementation of an FTP server to an object-oriented implementation; and reusing the Outline View of the Eclipse integrated development environment in a different application, even though the Outline View was not designed for such reuse.
Towards peer-to-peer content indexing
Authors: Carlos Baquero, Nuno Lopes
Venue: ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review (2003)

Distributed Hash Tables are the core technology on a significant share of system designs for Peer-to-Peer information sharing. Typically, a location mechanism is provided and object identifiers act as keys in the index of object locations. When introducing a search mechanism, where single words are used as keys, the key image cardinality will be driven by the word popularity and most of the present designs will be unable to load balance the index among the nodes. We present two contributions: A design that allows participating nodes to load balance the indexing of popular keys and avoid content hot-spots on single nodes; A distributed mechanism for probabilistic filtering of popular keys (with low search relevance) that paves the way for scalable full content indexing.
The Reduction Principle in Problems of Revealing Regularities. I
Authors: V. I. Vasil'Ev
Venue: Cybernetics and Systems Analysis (2003)

Inductive methods of revealing similarity law are considered. It is shown that simplification (reduction) of the output problem increases reliability of inductive methods when law revealing problems are solved including pattern recognition learning ones.
Predicting toxicity of chemicals using chemodescriptors and biodescriptors: an integrated approach
Authors: Subhash C. Basak, Brian D. Gute, Denise Mills
Venue: Proceedings of the international conference on Computational methods in sciences and engineering (2003)

Modern lifestyle is highly dependent on the routine use of thousands of chemicals. Many of these chemicals have toxic effects which are brought about through a myriad of biochemical mechanisms. A combination of functional (biochemical) criteria and some aspects of the molecular structure have been used for the hazard assessment of pollutants. In recent years, quantitative descriptors of molecular structure, usually called chemodescriptors, are being used for the prediction of biochemical/toxicological properties of chemicals. In the post-genomic era, mechanisms of action of hazardous chemicals can be characterized by techniques like proteomics and quantitative descriptors derived from proteomics maps, called biodescriptors. This presentation will discuss the relative utility of chemiodescriptors and proteomics-based biodescriptors in the development of integrated QSARs (I-QSARs) in predicting activity/toxicity of chemicals.
Multiple Light Source Detection
Authors: Christos-Savvas Bouganis, Mike Brookes
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (2004)

Abstract--This paper presents the V2R algorithm, a novel method for multiple light source detection using a Lambertian sphere as a calibration object. The algorithm segments the image of the sphere into regions that are each illuminated by a single virtual light and subtracts the virtual lights of adjacent regions to estimate the light source vectors. The algorithm uses all pixels within a region to form a robust estimate of the corresponding virtual light. The circumstances under which the light source detection problem lacks a unique solution are discussed in detail and the way in which the V2R algorithm resolves the ambiguity is explained. The V2R algorithm includes novel procedures for identifying the critical lines that bound the regions, for estimating the light source vectors, and for identifying opposite light pairs. Experiments are performed on synthetic and real images and the performance of the V2R algorithm is compared to that of a recent algorithm from the literature. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is robust and that it gives substantially improved accuracy.
Acceptability-oriented computing
Authors: Martin Rinard
Venue: ACM SIGPLAN Notices (2003)

We discuss a new approach to the construction of software systems. Instead of attempting to build a system that is as free of errors as possible, the designer instead identifies key properties that the execution must satisfy to be acceptable to its users. Together, these properties define the acceptability envelope of the system: the region that it must stay within to remain acceptable. The developer then augments the system with a layered set of components, each of which enforces one of the acceptability properties. The potential advantages of this approach include more flexible, resilient systems that recover from errors and behave acceptably across a wide range of operating environments, an appropriately prioritized investment of engineering resources, and the ability to productively incorporate unreliable components into the final software system.
Adaptation of Facial and Body Animation for MPEG-based Architectures
Authors: Thomas Di Giacomo, Chris Joslin, Stephane Garchery, Nadia Magnenat-Thalmann
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 International Conference on Cyberworlds (2003)

While level of detail (LoD) methods for therepresentation of 3D models are efficient and establishedtools to manage the trade-off between speed and quality ofthe rendering, LoD for animation has not yet beenintensively studied by the community, and especiallyvirtual humans animation has not been focused in the past.Animation, a major step for immersive and credible virtualenvironments, involves heavy computations and as such, itneeds a control on its complexity to be embedded intoreal-time systems. Today, it becomes even more criticaland necessary to provide such a control with theemergence of powerful new mobile devices and theirincreasing use for cyberworlds. With the help of suitablemiddleware solutions, executables are becoming more andmore multi-platform. However, the adaptation of content,for various network and terminal capabilities - as well asfor different user preferences, is still a key feature thatneeds to be investigated. It would ensure the adoption ofthe "Multiple Target Devices Single Content" concept forvirtual environments, and would in theory provide thepossibility of such virtual worlds in any possible conditionwithout the need for multiple content. It is on this issuethat we focus, with a particular emphasis on 3D objectsand animation. This paper presents some methods foradapting a virtual human's representation and animationstream, both for their skeleton-based body animation andtheir deformation based facial animation, we also discusspractical details for the integration of our methods intoMPEG-21 and MPEG-4 architectures.
Combining Kronecker Product Approximation with Discrete Wavelet Transforms to Solve Dense, Function-Related Linear Systems
Authors: Judith M. Ford, Eugene E. Tyrtyshnikov
Venue: SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing (2003)

A new solution technique is proposed for linear systems with large dense matrices of a certain class including those that come from typical integral equations of potential theory. This technique combines Kronecker product approximation and wavelet sparsification for the Kronecker product factors. The user is only required to supply a procedure for computation of each entry of the given matrix.The main sources of efficiency are the incomplete cross approximation procedure adapted from the mosaic-skeleton method of the second author and data-sparse preconditioners (the incomplete LU decomposition with dynamic choice of the fill-in structure with a prescribed threshold and the inverse Kronecker product preconditioner) constructed for the sum of Kronecker products of sparsified finger-like matrices computed by the discrete wavelet transform. In some model, but quite representative, examples the new technique allowed us to solve dense systems with more than 1 million unknowns in a few minutes on a personal computer with 1 Gbyte operative memory.
Getting Gigascale Chips: Challenges and Opportunities in Continuing Moore's Law
Authors: Shekhar Borkar
Venue: Queue (2003)

Processor performance has increased by five orders of magnitude in the last three decades, made possible by following Moore’s law—that is, continued technology scaling, improved transistor performance to increase frequency, additional (to avoid repetition) integration capacity to realize complex architectures, and reduced energy consumed per logic operation to keep power dissipation within limits. Advances in software technology, such as rich multimedia applications and runtime systems, exploited this performance explosion, delivering to end users higher productivity, seamless Internet connectivity, and even multimedia and entertainment.
Information Technology Outsourcing (ITO) Governance: An Examination of the Outsourcing Management Maturity Model
Authors: Alea M. Fairchild
Venue: Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 37th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'04) - Track 8 - Volume 8 (2004)

Given a lack of experience in outsourcing contractual management, firms involved in IT outsourcing (ITO) can encounter unexpectedly poor service quality improvement. As a guidance for better ITO activities, Raffoul [1] introduced the Outsourcing Management Maturity (OMM) model, a framework established to create effective vendor management structure, create measurable and enforceable service-level agreements (SLAs), implement formal processes, and drive vendors to improve service quality. This model was developed toenable outsourcing to be managed as an investment portfolio whereby cost is reduced, risks are mitigated, IT organization credibility is established, and outsourcing benefits are materialized in a timely manner.This paper questions if one or more aspects of this OMM model may be considered necessary success factors when applied in practice, particularly in the financial sector. This research, as part of a study on drivers for IT cost optimization and outsourcing, examines the elements of the OMM model in the context of several recent IT outsourcing contracts in the banking sector to see which of its elements are actively employed in successful contracts.
Dynamic protection using integrated-routing approach in IP-over-WDM networks
Authors: Q. Zheng, G. Mohan
Venue: Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking (2003)

This paper presents an efficient protection scheme to dynamically allocate restorable bandwidth-guaranteed paths in integrated IP-over-wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) networks. A restorable bandwidth-guaranteed path implies an active path and another link-disjoint backup path both with the required bandwidth. In this paper: we propose two integrated-routing algorithms: hop-based integrated-routing algorithm (HIRA) and bandwidth-based integrated-routing algorithm (BIRA) to allocate the paths. We use connection blocking probability and number of optical-electrical-optical (o-e-o) conversions as performance metrics. Through extensive simulation experiments, we demonstrate that our algorithms perform better than other existing approaches.
Transforming UML class diagrams into relational data models
Authors: Devang Shah, Sandra Slaughter
Venue: UML and the unified process (2003)

The Entity-Relationship (ER) method is the most popular method for relational database design. On the other hand, the Unified Modeling Language (UML) is widely used in object-oriented analysis and design. Despite the increasing use of object-oriented techniques for software design and development, there is a large installed base of relational databases. Additionally, object-oriented databases are still not in widespread use. Thus, software designers and developers often turn to the relational databases to make their application objects persistent. Considering the fundamental differences between the two methods, the transformation from UML to a relational data model could be a non-trivial task. The purpose of this chapter is to describe a process that can be used to map a UML class diagram into an ER diagram, and to discuss the potential of using the UML notation to draw ER diagrams. An example of an actual systems design is used throughout to illustrate the mapping process, the associated problems encountered, and how they could be resolved.
Stochastic multipulse-PAM: a subspace modulation technique with diversity
Authors: Arnt-Børre Salberg, Alfred Hanssen
Venue: Signal Processing (2003)

In this paper, we introduce a non-conventional communication technique appropriately named Stochastic Multipulse-PAM (SM-PAM). SM-PAM systems operate by transmission of stochastic processes residing in low-dimensional subspaces. The transmitted signal is thus inherently stochastic, which is beneficial from a low-probability of intercept transmission point of view. The underlying structure of the transmission is such that the information is actually coded by the subspaces themselves, rather than by fixed coordinates in a preassigned basis, as is the case for conventional communication. We introduce a Fourier-based version of SM-PAM, and show that intersymbol interference (ISI) may readily be mitigated by employing a zero-forcing strategy and the insertion of a cyclic prefix in the transmitted vector. A substantial part of this paper is devoted to the derivation of matched subspace detectors for the transmitted SM-PAM waveform, for various classes of interference. We carry out a performance evaluation of SM-PAM, which shows that a proper energy scaling of the transmitted stochastic symbol vector has positive effects on the performance of the system. Various interesting scenarios are demonstrated by numerical simulations. The proposed multidimensional, stochastic, broadband, non-coherent communication technique buys security and diversity at the expense of spectral efficiency. We believe that SM-PAM may be important for non-standard applications where high data rates are not mandatory, but where security and interference rejection is imperative.
TEMPOS: A Platform for Developing Temporal Applications on Top of Object DBMS
Authors: Marlon Dumas, Marie-Christine Fauvet, Pierre-Claude Scholl
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering (2004)

Abstract--This paper presents Tempos: a set of models and languages supporting the manipulation of temporal data on top of object DBMS. The proposed models exploit object-oriented technology to meet some important, yet traditionally neglected design criteria related to legacy code migration and representation independence. Two complementary ways for accessing temporal data are offered: a query language and a visual browser. The query language, namely TempOQL, is an extension of OQL supporting the manipulation of histories regardless of their representations, through fully composable functional operators. The visual browser offers operators that facilitate several time-related interactive navigation tasks, such as studying a snapshot of a collection of objects at a given instant, or detecting and examining changes within temporal attributes and relationships. Tempos models and languages have been formalized both at the syntactical and the semantical level and have been implemented on top of an object DBMS. The suitability of the proposals with regard to applications' requirements has been validated through concrete case studies.
Simulations of spartan random fields
Authors: Dionissios T. Hristopulos
Venue: Proceedings of the international conference on Computational methods in sciences and engineering (2003)

Spartan random fields have muitivariate Gibbs probability distributions that are determined from a frugal set of parameters [1]. Thus, they provide a parsimonious model for representing the variability of spatially distributed processes. Potential applications include interpolation and simulation in geostatistical studies as well as methods for compressing large images. Here we develop methods for simulating Spartan fields with pre-determined parameters on regular lattices and at random locations in two spatial dimensions.
All About the Blog
Authors: Sara M. Grimes
Venue: ACM SIGCAS Computers and Society (2003)

The world order of child and youth media has traditionally been one in which adults create the media content that is then selected and consumed by young people and their families. Much of the debate surrounding children's media concerns the author's responsibility to produce moral, educational, and healthy media messages, which are believed to have varying levels of influence on childhood development and socialization processes. Less attention is paid to the cultural content and artifacts that children themselves create and communicate. This participatory aspect of children's culture is becoming increasingly prominent, however, through the expansion of information and communication technologies (ICTs) and, more specifically, the Internet. Youth-created websites, chatrooms and weblogs make up a significant component of children and teens' on-line experiences, and as more young people gain access to the necessary tools and skills, their presence will only continue to exert itself in the new media landscape.
Removing false code dependencies to speedup software build processes
Authors: Yijun Yu, Homy Dayani-Fard, John Mylopoulos
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 conference of the Centre for Advanced Studies on Collaborative research (2003)

The development of large software systems involves a continual lengthy build process that may include preprocessing, compilation and linking of tens of thousands of source code files. In many cases, much of this build time is wasted because of false dependencies between implementation files and their respective header files. We present a graph algorithm and a programming tool that discovers and removes false dependencies among files. We show experimentally that the resulting preprocessed code is more compact, thereby contributing to faster build processes.