ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Revival: A Variation-Tolerant Architecture Using Voltage Interpolation and Variable Latency
Authors: Xiaoyao Liang, Gu-Yeon Wei, David Brooks
Venue: IEEE Micro (2009)

Process variations will significantly degrade the performance benefits of future microprocessors as they move toward nanoscale technology. Device parameter fluctuations can introduce large variations in peak operation among chips, cores on a single chip, and microarchitectural blocks within one core. The Revival technique combines the post-fabrication tuning techniques voltage interpolation (VI) and variable latency (VL) to reduce such frequency variations.
Improving a statistical language model through non-linear prediction
Authors: Andriy Mnih, Zhang Yuecheng, Geoffrey Hinton
Venue: Neurocomputing (2009)

We show how to improve a state-of-the-art neural network language model that converts the previous ''context'' words into feature vectors and combines these feature vectors linearly to predict the feature vector of the next word. Significant improvements in predictive accuracy are achieved by using a non-linear subnetwork to modulate the effects of the context words or to produce a non-linear correction term when predicting the feature vector. A log-bilinear language model that incorporates both of these improvements achieves a 26% reduction in perplexity over the best n-gram model on a fairly large dataset.
A multipopulation parallel genetic simulated annealing-based QoS routing and wavelength assignment integration algorithm for multicast in optical networks
Authors: Hui Cheng, Xingwei Wang, Shengxiang Yang, Min Huang
Venue: Applied Soft Computing (2009)

In this paper, we propose an integrated Quality of Service (QoS) routing algorithm for optical networks. Given a QoS multicast request and the delay interval specified by users, the proposed algorithm can find a flexible-QoS-based cost suboptimal routing tree. The algorithm first constructs the multicast tree based on the multipopulation parallel genetic simulated annealing algorithm, and then assigns wavelengths to the tree based on the wavelength graph. In the algorithm, routing and wavelength assignment are integrated into a single process. For routing, the objective is to find a cost suboptimal multicast tree. For wavelength assignment, the objective is to minimize the delay of the multicast tree, which is achieved by minimizing the number of wavelength conversion. Thus both the cost of multicast tree and the user QoS satisfaction degree can approach the optimal. Our algorithm also considers load balance. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and effective. We also discuss the practical realization mechanisms of the algorithm.
System study on Gigabit satellite communications
Authors: R. Imai, A. Saifudin, H. Okazawa, N. Kadowaki, M. Yamamoto
Venue: Space Communications (1998)

The objective of the Gigabit satellite is to provide the global high-data-rate communications network. The key technologies are the Ka-band scanning sport beams, on-board ATM switch, inter-satellite laser link and the advanced beam control.
Distinctive neural mechanisms supporting visual object individuation and identification
Authors: Yaoda Xu
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2009)

Many everyday activities, such as driving on a busy street, require the encoding of distinctive visual objects from crowded scenes. Given resource limitations of our visual system, one solution to this difficult and challenging task is to first select individual objects from a crowded scene (object individuation) and then encode their details (object identification). Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, two distinctive brain mechanisms were recently identified that support these two stages of visual object processing. While the inferior intraparietal sulcus (IPS) selects a fixed number of about four objects via their spatial locations, the superior IPS and the lateral occipital complex (LOC) encode the features of a subset of the selected objects in great detail (object shapes in this case). Thus, the inferior IPS individuates visual objects from a crowded display and the superior IPS and higher visual areas participate in subsequent object identification. Consistent with the prediction of this theory, even when only object shape identity but not its location is task relevant, this study shows that object individuation in the inferior IPS treats four identical objects similarly as four objects that are all different, whereas object shape identification in the superior IPS and the LOC treat four identical objects as a single unique object. These results provide independent confirmation supporting the dissociation between visual object individuation and identification in the brain.
A wrapper method for feature selection using Support Vector Machines
Authors: Sebastián Maldonado, Richard Weber
Venue: Information Sciences: an International Journal (2009)

We introduce a novel wrapper Algorithm for Feature Selection, using Support Vector Machines with kernel functions. Our method is based on a sequential backward selection, using the number of errors in a validation subset as the measure to decide which feature to remove in each iteration. We compare our approach with other algorithms like a filter method or Recursive Feature Elimination SVM to demonstrate its effectiveness and efficiency.
onQoS-QL: A Query Language for QoS-Based Service Selection and Ranking
Authors: Giuseppe Damiano, Ester Giallonardo, Eugenio Zimeo
Venue: Service-Oriented Computing - ICSOC 2007 Workshops: ICSOC 2007, International Workshops, Vienna, Austria, September 17, 2007, Revised Selected Papers (2009)

Although service consumers need to communicate effectively their quality of service requests, today a standard QoS query language has not yet been defined. This paper proposes a query language, named onQoS-QL, to properly capture QoS requirements. It is based on the onQoS ontology and on a set of statements that the user adopts to express the desiderata subjective or context-aware constraints on QoS measurable values. Currently, the language is based on SPARQL to implement service retrieval and selection through a SPARQL-engine integrated in our discovery engine that is able to rank the selected services according to user requirements and specifications. Some preliminary tests show the correctness and the power of the proposed approach.
Development of a microprocessor support facility for large organizations
Authors: Bruce E. Stock, Miguel A. Ulloa
Venue: Proceedings of the May 19-22, 1980, national computer conference (1980)

Microprocessor technology has grown in a decade from simple 4-bit controllers to complex 32-bit architectures which rival the performance of mainframe computers. Applications of microprocessors today range from military and aerospace programs to consumer products and toys. The rapid growth of this field has resulted in many different types of microprocessors, based on several different technologies, being offered by a number of different manufacturers. Each of these manufacturers, and several independent companies as well, also provide support tools to aid in the development and checkout of microprocessor-based products. Evaluation kits, development systems, analyzers, high level languages, and software simulators are but a few of the available aids permitting more rapid design, integration, and debugging of systems incorporating microprocessors.
Preface: Cognitive Informatics, Cognitive Computing, and Their Denotational Mathematical Foundations (I)
Authors: Yingxu Wang, Du Zhang, Shusaku Tsumoto
Venue: Fundamenta Informaticae (2009)

Cognitive Informatics is a cutting-edge and multidisciplinary research area that tackles the fundamental problems shared by modern informatics, computing, software engineering, AI, cybernetics, cognitive science, neuropsychology, medical science, systems science, philosophy, linguistics, economics, management science, and life sciences. This editorial introduces the emerging field of cognitive informatics and its applications in cognitive computing, abstract intelligence, computational mathematics, and computational intelligence. The themes and structure of this special issue on cognitive informatics are described, and then, focuses of the selected papers in this special issue are highlighted.
Battery State-Dependent Access Control in Solar-Powered Broadband Wireless Networks
Authors: Hamidou Tembine, Eitan Altman, Rachid El-Azouzi, Yezekael Hayel
Venue: Network Control and Optimization: Second Euro-NF Workshop, NET-COOP 2008 Paris, France, September 8-10, 2008. Revised Selected Papers (2009)

This paper studies both power control and multiple access control in solar-powered broadband wireless networks. We assume that the mobiles use power storage element, such as rechargeable Solar- powered batteries, in order to have energy available for later use. By modeling the energy-level of Solar-powered batteries as a stochastic process, we study noncooperative interactions within large population of mobiles that interfere with each other through many local interactions. Each local interaction involves a random number of mobiles. The actions taken by a mobile determine not only the immediate payoff but also the state transition probabilities of its battery. We define and characterize the evolutionary Stable Strategies (ESS) of the stochastic evolutionary game.
Resolution-based outlier factor: detecting the top-n most outlying data points in engineering data
Authors: Hongqin Fan, Osmar R. Za&#x00ef;ane, Andrew Foss, Junfeng Wu
Venue: Knowledge and Information Systems (2009)

One of the common endeavours in engineering applications is outlier detection, which aims to identify inconsistent records from large amounts of data. Although outlier detection schemes in data mining discipline are acknowledged as a more viable solution to efficient identification of anomalies from these data repository, current outlier mining algorithms require the input of domain parameters. These parameters are often unknown, difficult to determine and vary across different datasets containing different cluster features. This paper presents a novel resolution-based outlier notion and a nonparametric outlier-mining algorithm, which can efficiently identify and rank top listed outliers from a wide variety of datasets. The algorithm generates reasonable outlier results by taking both local and global features of a dataset into account. Experiments are conducted using both synthetic datasets and a real life construction equipment dataset from a large road building contractor. Comparison with the current outlier mining algorithms indicates that the proposed algorithm is more effective and can be integrated into a decision support system to serve as a universal detector of potentially inconsistent records.
CamWorks: A Video-Based Tool for Efficient Capture from Paper Source Documents
Authors: William Newman, Chris Dance, Alex Taylor, Stuart Taylor, Michael Taylor, Tony Aldhous
Venue: Proceedings of the 1999 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems - Volume 02 (1999)

We describe the design and evaluation of CamWorks, a system that employs a video camera as a means of supporting capture from paper sources during reading and writing. The user can view a live video image of the source document alongside the electronic document in preparation. We describe a novel user interface developed to support selection of text in the video window, and several new techniques for segmentation, restoration and resolution enhancement of camera images. An evaluation shows substantially faster text capture than with flatbed scanning.
Studying users' computer security behavior: A health belief perspective
Authors: Boon-Yuen Ng, Atreyi Kankanhalli, Yunjie (Calvin) Xu
Venue: Decision Support Systems (2009)

The damage due to computer security incidents is motivating organizations to adopt protective mechanisms. While technological controls are necessary, computer security also depends on individual's security behavior. It is thus important to investigate what influences a user to practice computer security. This study uses the Health Belief Model, adapted from the healthcare literature, to study users' computer security behavior. The model was validated using survey data from 134 employees. Results show that perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, and self-efficacy are determinants of email related security behavior. Perceived severity moderates the effects of perceived benefits, general security orientation, cues to action, and self-efficacy on security behavior.
Lower and Upper Bounds on FIFO Buffer Management in QoS Switches
Authors: Matthias Englert, Matthias Westermann
Venue: Algorithmica (2009)

We consider the management of FIFO buffers for network switches providing differentiated services. In each time step, an arbitrary number of packets arrive and only one packet can be sent. The buffer can store a limited number of packets and, due to the FIFO property, the sequence of sent packets has to be a subsequence of the arriving packets. The differentiated service model is abstracted by attributing each packet with a value according to its service level. A buffer management strategy can drop packets, and the goal is to maximize the sum of the values of sent packets. For only two different packet values, we introduce the account strategy and prove that this strategy achieves an optimal competitive ratio of if the buffer size tends to infinity and an optimal competitive ratio of for arbitrary buffer sizes. For general packet values, the simple preemptive greedy strategy (PG) is studied. We show that PG achieves a competitive ratio of which is the best known upper bound on the competitive ratio of this problem. In addition, we give a lower bound of on the competitive ratio of PG which improves the previously known lower bound. As a consequence, the competitive ratio of PG cannot be further improved significantly.
Design tools for emerging technologies
Authors: Jacob White
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th ACM Great Lakes symposium on VLSI (2009)

Integrated circuit (IC) designers make use of suites of tools in order to produce designs that routinely perform as expected when manufactured. This remarkable predictability has persisted for nearly two decades, even as fabrication technology has evolved dramatically, because the transistor has remained the fundamental building block and fabrication technology has narrowly focused on making good transistors. For emerging applications of micro- and nanotechnology; such as photonics, sensing, chemical processing, biology, and medicine; there is far more technological diversity and therefore transistor-centric design tools are of limited use. The lack of tools to aid in developing manufacturable designs in emerging technologies has led to near decade long delays between prototype demonstration and available product, and the result has been a stifling of innovation. One strategy for reducing these innovation-inhibiting delays is to develop algorithmic approaches that can start with first principles based descriptions of novel nanotechnology, and then rapidly and reliably synthesize manufacturable designs. Design tools are evolving this direction, with new extremely efficient yet customizable physical simulators, automatic parameterized low-order model extraction, and ever improving algorithms for robust optimization-new techniques that generate manufacturable designs by simultaneously optimizing system performance and robustness to manufacturing variations. In this talk we give a few examples of recent successes from several research groups, and also point to unresolved challenges, in developing design tools for the rapidly expanding landscape in emerging nanotechnology.
An efficient flexible-order model for 3D nonlinear water waves
Authors: A. P. Engsig-Karup, H. B. Bingham, O. Lindberg
Venue: Journal of Computational Physics (2009)

The flexible-order, finite difference based fully nonlinear potential flow model described in [H.B. Bingham, H. Zhang, On the accuracy of finite difference solutions for nonlinear water waves, J. Eng. Math. 58 (2007) 211-228] is extended to three dimensions (3D). In order to obtain an optimal scaling of the solution effort multigrid is employed to precondition a GMRES iterative solution of the discretized Laplace problem. A robust multigrid method based on Gauss-Seidel smoothing is found to require special treatment of the boundary conditions along solid boundaries, and in particular on the sea bottom. A new discretization scheme using one layer of grid points outside the fluid domain is presented and shown to provide convergent solutions over the full physical and discrete parameter space of interest. Linear analysis of the fundamental properties of the scheme with respect to accuracy, robustness and energy conservation are presented together with demonstrations of grid independent iteration count and optimal scaling of the solution effort. Calculations are made for 3D nonlinear wave problems for steep nonlinear waves and a shoaling problem which show good agreement with experimental measurements and other calculations from the literature.
Uniformity study of nickel thin-film microstructure deposited by electroplating
Authors: Jia-dong Li, Ping Zhang, Yi-hui Wu, Yong-shun Liu, Ming Xuan
Venue: Microsystem Technologies (2009)

The thickness uniformity and the cross-sectional profiles of electroplated individual nickel microstructures were investigated in given electroplating conditions. The main factors influencing the thickness uniformity of microstructures were discussed. An effective method to overcome the burning problem by increasing the sacrifice seed layer structure is proposed. It is shown that the thickness uniformity and the cross-sectional profiles of the microstructures can be controlled by changing the process conditions. The current crowding observed in patterned specimens is responsible for the saddle shape profile of individual microstructures, while the combination of the current crowding and the cathodic polarizability are believed to be responsible for the abnormal cap-like profile of individual microstructures. A uniform thickness distribution and microstructures with flat profiles were obtained at optimal plating conditions of 8.05&#x00a0;mA/cm2 and 20&#x00b0;C.
Twisted
Authors: Heiko Schneck, Martin Tallosy
Venue: ACM SIGGRAPH ASIA 2008 computer animation festival (2008)

A strange character built out of a fish, a pot, and some boxes runs through a completely messed up Stuttgart to reach the cinema just in time for the international Stuttgart Festival of Animated Film.
A shared cache for a chip multi vector processor
Authors: Akihiro Musa, Yoshiei Sato, Takashi Soga, Koki Okabe, Ryusuke Egawa, Hiroyuki Takizawa, Hiroaki Kobayashi
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th workshop on MEmory performance: DEaling with Applications, systems and architecture (2008)

This paper discusses the design of a chip multi vector processor (CMVP), especially examining the effects of an on-chip cache when the off-chip memory bandwidth is limited. As chip multiprocessors (CMPs) have become the mainstream in commodity scalar processors, the CMP architecture will be adopted to design of vector processors in the near future for harnessing a large number of transistors on a chip. To keep a higher sustained performance in execution of scientific and engineering applications, a vector processor (core) generally requires the ratio of the memory bandwidth to the arithmetic performance of at least 4 bytes/flop (B/FLOP). However, vector supercomputers have been encountering the memory wall problem due to the limited pin bandwidth. Therefore, we propose an on-chip shared cache to maintain the effective memory bandwidth for a CMVP. We evaluate the performance of the CMVP based on the NEC SX vector architecture using real scientific applications. Especially, we examine the caching effect on the sustained performance when the B/FLOP rate is decreased. The experimental results indicate that an 8 MB on-chip shared cache can improve the performance of a four-core CMVP by 15% to 40%, compared with that without the cache. This is because the shared cache can increase cache hit rates of multi-threads. Here, the shared cache employs a miss status handling registers, which has the potential for accelerating difference schemes in scientific and engineering applications. Moreover, we show that the 2 B/FLOP is enough for the CMVP to achieve a high scalability when the on-chip cache is employed.
A model for a generalized data access method
Authors: Randall L. Frank, Koichi Yamaguchi
Venue: Proceedings of the May 6-10, 1974, national computer conference and exposition (1974)

The proliferation of the methods used in modern operating systems to access data is apparent. In the operating system OS/360 alone there exist multiple ways of accessing sequential data (BSAM, QSAM, BPAM), indexed sequential data (BISAM, QISAM) and directly addressable data (BDAM). If one adds to this the variations of the above used by various systems that run under the control of OS/360, such as IBM's data base management system IMS/360, there exists almost a countless number of ways to access and store data within a computer system.
Effective RED: An algorithm to improve RED's performance by reducing packet loss rate
Authors: Babek Abbasov, Serdar Korukoglu
Venue: Journal of Network and Computer Applications (2009)

Random early detection (RED) is an effective congestion control mechanism acting on the intermediate gateways. We describe a new active queue management scheme, Effective RED (ERED) that aims to reduce packet loss rates in a simple and scalable manner. We made a few change to packet drop function of existing RED scheme. The rest of the original RED remains unchanged. We achieve this by making several refinements and by controlling packet dropping function both with average queue size and instantaneous queue size. Simulations demonstrate that ERED achieves a highest throughput and lowest packet drops than RED, Blue, REM, FRED, LDC and SRED. Since ERED is fully compatible with RED, we can easily upgrade/replace the existing RED implementations by ERED.
Removal of Specular Reflection Component Using Multi-view Images and 3D Object Model
Authors: Shu-Kam Chow, Kwok-Leung Chan
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd Pacific Rim Symposium on Advances in Image and Video Technology (2009)

Image-based 3D model reconstruction method can use the same multi-view image sequence of the object for the generation of both the geometry model and texture map. Texture is very critical for virtual exhibition of 3D model and should be of high quality comparable to the geometry data. One problem is that the object surface may exhibit specular reflection of illuminated light. The texture extracted directly from the images can be unnatural. We propose a method for the removal of specular reflection component in each image. Each camera view is calibrated and a 3D mesh model of the object is generated. For each triangle patch, the projected colors on all visible views are found. The specular chromaticity is replaced by the corresponding diffuse chromaticity. We test the method on image sequences of synthetic and real objects. The diffuse image sequence can be used to generate the texture map.