ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Systematic analysis of synchronized oscillatory neuronal networks reveals an enrichment for coupled direct and indirect feedback motifs
Authors: Chao-Yi Dong, Jisoon Lim, Yoonkey Nam, Kwang-Hyun Cho
Venue: Bioinformatics (2009)

Motivation: Synchronized bursting behavior is a remarkable phenomenon in neural dynamics. So, identification of the underlying functional structure is crucial to understand its regulatory mechanism at a system level. On the other hand, we noted that feedback loops (FBLs) are commonly used basic building blocks in engineering circuit design, especially for synchronization, and they have also been considered as important regulatory network motifs in systems biology. From these motivations, we have investigated the relationship between synchronized bursting behavior and feedback motifs in neural networks. Results: Through extensive simulations of synthetic spike oscillation models, we found that a particular structure of FBLs, coupled direct and indirect positive feedback loops (PFLs), can induce robust synchronized bursting behaviors. To further investigate this, we have developed a novel FBL identification method based on sampled time-series data and applied it to synchronized spiking records measured from cultured neural networks of rat by using multi-electrode array. As a result, we have identified coupled direct and indirect PFLs. Conclusion: We therefore conclude that coupled direct and indirect PFLs might be an important design principle that causes the synchronized bursting behavior in neuronal networks although an extrapolation of this result to in vivo brain dynamics still remains an unanswered question. Contact:ckh@kaist.ac.kr; ynam@kaist.ac.kr Supplementary Material: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The Engineer's Word: Mote Method
Authors: Robert Mote
Venue:  (2007)

Calculations are the bedrock of the worldwide engineering profession. Unfortunately, engineers often struggle to translate their engineering designs into coherent quality reports. Preparing calculations is becoming a considerable issue in engineering project activities worldwide. For most engineers, Microsoft Word is not a default tool or the first choice. This book introduces Microsoft Word to the practicing professional engineer and show how Microsoft Word can become the desktop publishing facility of choice for engineers everywhere. The techniques in this book are invaluable for any engineer looking for a professional and visual layout without having to become an expert in Microsoft Word. Only ten percent of the power of Microsoft Word is required to unleash the full potential for effective reports. This book looks at the psychology of the engineering mind today in the computer age. Over a relatively short period, specifically ten to fifteen years, computers have transformed the engineering profession, the marketplace, the project execution in the drawing office and field, and the deterioration of the engineer's craft. The book demonstrates the technique through a series of ten modules. Each module takes you from a blank page to the completed document based on Microsoft Word 2003. It is the first in the Mote Method 2003 series, which is designed to encourage the engineer to improve his or her PC proficiency in order to pursue engineering excellence. Thus, the limitations of engineering tools commonly used will be surpassed. The commercial and professional benefits of applying these ideas are substantial in saving time, improving productivity, and enhancing Quality Assurance and Quality Control (QA/QC) activities. The benefits of learning and applying the technique are numerous, specifically in positive, time-saving habits. The technique is also future-proof, quality-driven, consistent, effective for repetitive work, efficient for all parties to follow, interesting, and educational. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Comprehensive electro-opto-thermal analysis of gain-cavity offset on the performance of gain-guided VCSELs
Authors: Kambiz Abedi, Vahid Ahmadi, Ehsan Sooudi, Mohammad Reza Moeini
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th WSEAS international conference on Microelectronics, nanoelectronics, optoelectronics (2009)

In this paper, using a rigorous quasi 3-D electro-opto-thermal numerical model, we simulate the effect of gain-cavity offset on different performance characteristics of a gain-guided vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL). For the first time, we introduce a microscopic model for gain-cavity detuning phenomenon and present a quasi 3D thermal analysis. Using the model, the effect of offset on threshold current, mode competition, and high-temperature performance of VCSEL are analyzed. We determine the circumstances which result in minimum threshold current, better transverse mode competition and thermal stability.
A New Approach to Planning in Networks
Authors: Jussi Rintanen
Venue: Proceeding of the 2008 conference on ECAI 2008: 18th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence (2008)

Control of networks like those for transportation, power distribution, communication to name a few, provides challenges to planning and scheduling. Many problems can be defined in terms of a basic state space model, but more general problems require an expressive language for talking about the topology and connectivity of the system, which are outside the scope of standard planning languages. In this work we introduce a general framework for defining planning languages for networked systems, with capability to express properties of connectivity and topology of such systems.
Advanced Geometry Tutor: An intelligent tutor that teaches proof-writing with construction
Authors: Noboru Matsuda, Kurt VanLehn
Venue: Proceeding of the 2005 conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education: Supporting Learning through Intelligent and Socially Informed Technology (2005)

Two problem solving strategies, forward chaining and backward chaining, were compared to see how they affect students' learning of geometry theorem proving with construction. In order to determine which strategy accelerates learning the most, an intelligent tutoring system, the Advanced Geometry Tutor, was developed that can teach either strategy while controlling all other instructional variable. 52 students were randomly assigned to one of the two strategies. Although computational modeling suggests an advantage for backwards chaining, especially on construction problems, the result shows that (1) the students who learned forward chaining showed better performance on proof-writing, especially on the proofs with construction, than those who learned backward chaining, (2) both forward and backward chaining conditions wrote wrong proofs equally frequently, and (3) the major reason for the difficulty in applying backward chaining appears to lie in the assertion of premises as unjustified propositions (i.e., subgoaling).
A study of a KVM-based cluster for grid computing
Authors: Michael Fenn, Michael A. Murphy, Sebastien Goasguen
Venue: Proceedings of the 47th Annual Southeast Regional Conference (2009)

We present a performance study of a virtualized cluster based on the virtualization system KVM. We show benchmark results from the High Performance Computing Challenge (HPCC) application suite including the High Performance Linpack (HPL) benchmark. We also present the mechanism by which this cluster is connected to the Open Science Grid (OSG). Our results show that jobs with low amounts of network communication will only suffer moderate overhead (&ap;10%) due to virtualization, while MPI applications will suffer from a considerable overhead in the 60% range. The KVM cluster under investigation does prove to be suitable for current High Throughput Computing (HTC) grid usage on OSG where the Condor middleware is used.
Exploring Getting Started with Integrated Projects, 2nd edition
Authors: Robert T. Grauer, Judy Scheeren
Venue:  (2007)

The goal of the Exploring series has been to move students beyond the point and click, helping them understand the why and how behind each skill. Presents three case studies involving titled, The Totally Fit Wellness Center, Alternate Airways, and University Housing. For professionals seeking to enhance their understanding of Integrated Projects.
Automating Accreditation of Medical Web Content
Authors: Vangelis Karkaletsis, Pythagoras Karampiperis, Konstantinos Stamatakis, Martin Labský, Marek Ruring; žička, Vojtěch Svátek, Enrique Amigó Cabrera, Matti Pöllä, Miquel Angel Mayer, Angela Leis, Dagmar Villarroel Gonzales
Venue: Proceeding of the 2008 conference on ECAI 2008: 18th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence (2008)

The increasing amount of freely available health-related web content generates, on one hand, excellent conditions for self-education of patients as well as physicians, but on the other hand entails substantial risks if such information is trusted irrespective of low competence or even bad intentions of its authors. This is why medical web resources accreditation by renowned authorities is of high importance. However, various health web content surveys show that the proportion of accredited web resources is insufficient due to the difficulty of the labeling authorities to cope with the amount and dynamics of the medical web. In this paper, we address the problem of automating the accreditation of medical web content. To this end, we present a system which provides the infrastructure and the means to organize and support various aspects of the daily work of labeling experts, exploiting web content collection and information extraction techniques.
An investigation of interface-sharpening schemes for multi-phase mixture flows
Authors: Daniel A. Cassidy, Jack R. Edwards, Ming Tian
Venue: Journal of Computational Physics (2009)

This work evaluates several approaches for sharp phase interface-capturing in computations of multi-phase mixture flows. Attention is focused on algebraic interface-capturing strategies that fit directly within a finite-volume MUSCL-type framework, in which dimension-by-dimension reconstruction of interface states based on extrapolated fluid properties is the norm. In this scope, linear, sine-wave, and tangent hyperbola volume-fraction reconstructions are examined for a range of problems, including advection of a volume-fraction discontinuity, the Rayleigh-Taylor instability, a dam-break problem, an axisymmetric jet instability, the Rayleigh instability, and flow within an aerated-liquid injector. An implicit dual-time stepping approach, applied directly to a preconditioned form of the governing equations, is used for time-advancement. The results show that the sharpening strategies are successful in providing two-to-three-cell capturing of volume-fraction discontinuities.
Combining Positioning and Communication Using UWB Transceivers
Authors: Paul Alcock, Utz Roedig, Mike Hazas
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing in Sensor Systems (2009)

A new generation of ultra wideband (UWB) communication transceivers are becoming available which support both positioning and communication tasks. Transceiver manufacturers envision that communication and positioning features are used separately. We believe that this is an unnecessary restriction of the available hardware and that positioning and communication tasks can be active concurrently. This paper presents and investigates a medium access control (MAC) protocol which combines communication and positioning functions. Our experiments show that the existing data communication of a network can be exploited to gather position information efficiently.
DRAM errors in the wild: a large-scale field study
Authors: Bianca Schroeder, Eduardo Pinheiro, Wolf-Dietrich Weber
Venue: Proceedings of the eleventh international joint conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems (2009)

Errors in dynamic random access memory (DRAM) are a common form of hardware failure in modern compute clusters. Failures are costly both in terms of hardware replacement costs and service disruption. While a large body of work exists on DRAM in laboratory conditions, little has been reported on real DRAM failures in large production clusters. In this paper, we analyze measurements of memory errors in a large fleet of commodity servers over a period of 2.5 years. The collected data covers multiple vendors, DRAM capacities and technologies, and comprises many millions of DIMM days. The goal of this paper is to answer questions such as the following: How common are memory errors in practice? What are their statistical properties? How are they affected by external factors, such as temperature and utilization, and by chip-specific factors, such as chip density, memory technology and DIMM age? We find that DRAM error behavior in the field differs in many key aspects from commonly held assumptions. For example, we observe DRAM error rates that are orders of magnitude higher than previously reported, with 25,000 to 70,000 errors per billion device hours per Mbit and more than 8% of DIMMs affected by errors per year. We provide strong evidence that memory errors are dominated by hard errors, rather than soft errors, which previous work suspects to be the dominant error mode. We find that temperature, known to strongly impact DIMM error rates in lab conditions, has a surprisingly small effect on error behavior in the field, when taking all other factors into account. Finally, unlike commonly feared, we don't observe any indication that newer generations of DIMMs have worse error behavior.
Prosodic correlates of rhetorical relations
Authors: Gabriel Murray, Maite Taboada, Steve Renals
Venue: Proceedings of the HLT-NAACL 2006 Workshop on Analyzing Conversations in Text and Speech (2006)

This paper investigates the usefulness of prosodic features in classifying rhetorical relations between utterances in meeting recordings. Five rhetorical relations of contrast, elaboration, summary, question and cause are explored. Three training methods - supervised, unsupervised, and combined - are compared, and classification is carried out using support vector machines. The results of this pilot study are encouraging but mixed, with pairwise classification achieving an average of 68% accuracy in discerning between relation pairs using only prosodic features, but multi-class classification performing only slightly better than chance.
Region-based Deformable Net for automatic color image segmentation
Authors: Khaled M. Shaaban, Nagwa M. Omar
Venue: Image and Vision Computing (2009)

This paper introduces a new color image segmentation framework that unifies contour deformation and region-based segmentation. Instead of deforming a single or multiple contours, typically used with classical deformable contour methods, the proposed framework deforms a single planar net that represents the contours of all the objects in the image. The net consists of a group of vertices connected by edges without crossing each other. The connected edges form polygons that represent the segmented regions boundaries. During the deformation process, the algorithm changes the location and the number of vertices as well as the number of polygons to enhance the segmentation fit. The deformation forces for each polygon are generated based upon the average color of the region and the color of the pixels surrounding it. The algorithm is completely autonomous and does not require any user interference, training or pre-knowledge about the image contents. The experimental results demonstrate the capability of the algorithm to segment color images from arbitrary sources within reasonable time. Furthermore, the compact mathematical representation of the resulting boundaries could be of value for further image analysis.
An Anisotropic Fourth-Order Partial Differential Equation for Noise Removal
Authors: Mohammad Reza Hajiaboli
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Scale Space and Variational Methods in Computer Vision (2009)

Fourth-order nonlinear diffusion filters are isotropic filters in which the strength of diffusion at regions with strong image features such as regions with an edge or texture is reduced leading to their preservation. However, the optimal choice of parameter in the numerical solver of these filters for having a minimal distortion of the image features results in a very slow convergence rate and formation of speckle noise on the denoised image especially when the noise level is moderately high. In this paper, a new fourth-order nonlinear diffusion filter is introduced, which have an anisotropic behavior on the image features. In the proposed filter, it is shown that a suitable design of a set of diffusivity functions to unevenly control the diffusion on the directions of level set and gradient leads to a fast convergent filter with a good edge preservation capability. The comparison of the results obtained by the proposed filter with that of the classical and recently developed techniques shows that the proposed method produces a noticeable improvement in the quality of denoised images evaluated subjectively and quantitatively as well as a substantial increment of the convergence rate comparing to the classical filter. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Conflict resolution in a knowledge-based system using multiple attribute decision-making
Authors: Byeong Seok Ahn, Sang Hyun Choi
Venue: Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal (2009)

The metarules useful in the conflict resolution are often directly related to the multiple, conflicting, and non-commensurate objectives associated with the problem domain. However, in its current form, the use of metarules for conflict resolution has some drawbacks. Above all, the metarule use in rule selection is not tailored to the current situation or the specific user; it is tailored to the domain expert, whose domain expertise and preferences were used to construct a knowledge-based system. In this paper, we presents a new method for resolving the conflicts of rules in the knowledge-based system, using decision analysis techniques that explicitly incorporate a user's preference judgments about the rules. To this end, we consider a conflict resolution problem as a multiple attribute decision-making problem. Further, the proposed method allows for user's preference judgments that are specified not by rigid format but by user-friendly format for the purpose of reducing burden of information specification. We have applied the proposed methodology to an organizational information-oriented service and resource planning, in which there exist multiple conflicting objectives to be considered.
Note: On decompositions of complete hypergraphs
Authors: Sebastian M. Cioabă, André Kündgen, Jacques Verstraëte
Venue: Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series A (2009)

We study the minimum number of complete r-partite r-uniform hypergraphs needed to partition the edges of the complete r-uniform hypergraph on n vertices and we improve previous results of Alon.
marginFace: A novel face recognition method by average neighborhood margin maximization
Authors: Fei Wang, Xin Wang, Daoqiang Zhang, Changshui Zhang, Tao Li
Venue: Pattern Recognition (2009)

We propose a novel appearance-based face recognition method called the marginFace approach. By using average neighborhood margin maximization (ANMM), the face images are mapped into a face subspace for analysis. Different from principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) which effectively see only the global Euclidean structure of face space, ANMM aims at discriminating face images of different people based on local information. More concretely, for each face image, it pulls the neighboring images of the same person towards it as near as possible, while simultaneously pushing the neighboring images of different people away from it as far as possible. Moreover, we propose an automatic approach for determining the optimal dimensionality of the embedded subspace. The kernelized (nonlinear) and tensorized (multilinear) form of ANMM are also derived in this paper. Finally the experimental results of applying marginFace to face recognition are presented to show the effectiveness of our method.
Lowering the barrier to reuse through test-driven search
Authors: Werner Janjic, Dietmar Stoll, Philipp Bostan, Colin Atkinson
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 ICSE Workshop on Search-Driven Development-Users, Infrastructure, Tools and Evaluation (2009)

Dedicated software search engines that index open source software repositories or in-house software assets significantly enhance the chance of finding software components suitable for reuse. However, they still leave the work of evaluating and testing components to the developer. To significantly change the risk/cost/benefit tradeoff involved in software reuse, search engines need to be supported by user friendly environments that deliver code search functionality, non-intrusively, right to developers' fingertips during key software development activities and significantly raise the quality of search results. In this position paper we describe our attempt to realize this vision through an Eclipse plug-in, Code Conjurer, in tandem with the code search engine, merobase.
Adapting a WSJ-trained parser to grammatically noisy text
Authors: Jennifer Foster, Joachim Wagner, Josef van Genabith
Venue: Proceedings of the 46th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics on Human Language Technologies: Short Papers (2008)

We present a robust parser which is trained on a treebank of ungrammatical sentences. The treebank is created automatically by modifying Penn treebank sentences so that they contain one or more syntactic errors. We evaluate an existing Penn-treebank-trained parser on the ungrammatical treebank to see how it reacts to noise in the form of grammatical errors. We re-train this parser on the training section of the ungrammatical treebank, leading to an significantly improved performance on the ungrammatical test sets. We show how a classifier can be used to prevent performance degradation on the original grammatical data.
Automatic classification of defects in an industrial environment
Authors: N. Alberto Borghese
Venue: Proceeding of the 2009 conference on New Directions in Neural Networks: 18th Italian Workshop on Neural Networks: WIRN 2008 (2009)

We describe here a system, based on boosting, for the classification of defects on material running on a production line. It is constituted of a two-stages architecture: in the first stage a set of features are extracted from the images surveyed by a linear camera located above the material. The second stage is devoted to the classification of the defects from the features. The novelty of the system resides in the ability to rank the defects with respect to a set of classes, achieving a rate of identification of dangerous defects very close to 100%.
Semantic disambiguation of taxonomies
Authors: David Sánchez, Antonio Moreno
Venue: Proceeding of the 2007 conference on Artificial Intelligence Research and Development (2007)

Polysemy is one of the most difficult problems when dealing with natural language resources. Consequently, automated ontology learning from textual sources (such as web resources) is hampered by the inherent ambiguity of human language. In order to tackle this problem, this paper presents an automatic and unsupervised method for disambiguating taxonomies (the key component of a final ontology). It takes into consideration the amount of resources available in the Web as the base for inferring information distribution and semantics. It uses cooccurrence analysis and clustering techniques in order to group those taxonomical concepts that belong to the same “sense”. The final results are automatically evaluated against WordNet synsets.