ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Modular verification of dynamically adaptive systems
Authors: Ji Zhang, Heather J. Goldsby, Betty H.C. Cheng
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th ACM international conference on Aspect-oriented software development (2009)

Cyber-physical systems increasingly rely on dynamically adaptive programs to respond to changes in their physical environment; examples include ecosystem monitoring and disaster relief systems. These systems are considered high-assurance since errors during execution could result in injury, loss of life, environmental impact, and/or financial loss. In order to facilitate the development and verification of dynamically adaptive systems, we separate functional concerns from adaptive concerns. Specifically, we model a dynamically adaptive program as a collection of (non-adaptive) steady-state programs and a set of adaptations that realize transitions among steady state programs in response to environmental changes. We use Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) to specify properties of the non-adaptive portions of the system, and we use A-LTL (an adapt-operator extension toLTL) to concisely specify properties that hold during the adaptation process. Model checking offers an attractive approach to automatically analyzing models for adherence to formal properties and thus providing assurance. However, currently, model checkers are unable to verify properties specified using A-LTL. Moreover, as the number of steady-state programs and adaptations increase, the verification costs (in terms of space and time) potentially become unwieldy. To address these issues, we propose a modular model checking approach to verifying that a formal model of an adaptive program satisfies its requirements specified in LTL and A-LTL, respectively.
RASCor: An associative hardware algorithm for real time stereo
Authors: Vikram Simhadri, Yusuf Ozturk
Venue: Computers and Electrical Engineering (2009)

Solving the stereo correspondence problem is an important step towards extraction of three dimensional structure of a scene from two or more images taken from distinct viewpoints. This paper presents a hardware solution to real time stereo matching problem using system of associative relations (SOAR) computational model. SOAR makes use of direction of derivatives for capturing pair-wise pixel interactions and uses pair-wise interactions to determine the underlying structure of associations. Pair-wise pixel interactions are defined over structures called Tokens. The hardware stereo matching solution developed in this study utilizes direction of derivatives to encode inter-pixel associations and implements a real time stereo matching solution. RASCor is realized on an FPGA platform and offers real time stereo matching using hardware parallelism and process pipelining. Real time stereo matching is achieved through hardware unit multiplicity and frequency scaling. The cost of hardware implementation is presented along with performance improvements from frequency scaling, unit multiplicity and search depth for stereo matching.
Combining shared control with variability over surface features: Effects on transfer test performance and task involvement
Authors: Gemma Corbalan, Liesbeth Kester, Jeroen J. G. van Merriënboer
Venue: Computers in Human Behavior (2009)

Positive effects of learner control decrease when learners do not perceive the control given to them, make suboptimal choices, or are cognitively overloaded by the amount of choice. This study proposes shared control (i.e., learners choose from a pre-selection of suitable tasks) over highly variable tasks to tackle these problems. Ninety-four students participated in a 2x2 factorial experiment with the factors control (system, shared) and variability of surface features (low, high). Results show superior effects on training performance, transfer test performance, and task involvement of shared control when learners can choose from pre-selected tasks with surface features that are different from the surface features of previous tasks.
Router with centralized buffer for network-on-chip
Authors: Ling Wang, Jianwen Zhang, Xiaoqing Yang, Dongxin Wen
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th ACM Great Lakes symposium on VLSI (2009)

Network-on-Chip (NoC) architectures are proposed as a possible solution to the wiring challenge. Both NoC performance and energy budget depend heavily on the routers' buffer resources. This paper introduces a centralized buffer structure, which dynamically allocates buffer resources according to network traffic conditions. This centralized buffer management scheme increases the buffer utilization and decreases the overall buffer use on an average of 50% in our case study analysis compared to a fixed buffer assignment strategy. The area overhead can be traded-off against the flexibility of on-demand buffer management.
An improvement of the methodologies of the inner learning, e-learning, and b-learning in the field of intelligent robotics
Authors: Vitaliy Rybak
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th WSEAS international conference on Distance learning and web engineering (2008)

An innovation of the methodologies of the graduate and postgraduate education and scientific investigation is intended to improve the most habitual educational methodologies such as the inner learning, e-learning, and b-learning, not to substitute them for another one. The Intelligent Robotics is selected as a field of this innovation application due to two reasons. Firstly, the Intelligent Robotics is the interdisciplinary field of the synergetic integration of different disciplines such as computer science, electronics, control, and mechanics among other. Secondly, this integration corresponds to the nature of an intelligent system functioning. The main idea of the innovation is to provide to anyone interested the free access to the advanced experimental base independently of the educational methodology used: anyone interested can download freely the software of the Virtual Laboratory for his (her) personal use. It permits to overcome the restrictions caused by the high cost of the last generation physical intelligent robots, by the inability to experiment simultaneously with one physical robot for more than one user, and by the slow traffic of Internet.
Fictitious domain formulations of unilateral problems: analysis and algorithms
Authors: J. Haslinger, T. Kozubek, R. Ku&#x010d;era
Venue: Computing (2009)

The present article deals with fictitious domain methods for numerical realization of scalar variational inequalities with the Signorini type conditions on the boundary. Two variants are introduced and analyzed. A discretization is done by finite elements. It leads to a system of non-smooth, piecewise linear equations. This system is solved by the semismooth Newton method. Numerical experiments confirm the efficiency of this approach.
The Construction and Analysis of Enterprise External Competitive Advantage Function Based on Knowledge Network in Urban Agglomerations
Authors: Jianfeng Chen, Jianwei Zheng
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Second International Workshop on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (2009)

Firstly, the paper analyzes the relationship between the urban agglomerations and the enterprise competitive advantage based on knowledge network, then constructs enterprise external competitive advantage function in urban agglomerations, analyzes the constraint conditions of enterprise external competitive advantage maximization and discusses the variable mechanism of knowledge network readiness function in urban agglomerations. Finally, taking enterprise external competitive advantage of Yangtze triangle Urban Agglomerations as an example, this article analyzes its present situation and readiness of knowledge network, then analyzes its enterprise external competitive advantage, and puts forward the improving path of enterprises external competitive advantage by optimizing knowledge network.
Detecting Protein-Protein Interactions in Biomedical Texts Using a Parser and Linguistic Resources
Authors: Gerold Schneider, Kaarel Kaljurand, Fabio Rinaldi
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computational Linguistics and Intelligent Text Processing (2009)

We describe the task of automatically detecting interactions between proteins in biomedical literature. We use a syntactic parser, a corpus annotated for proteins, and manual decisions as training material.After automatically parsing the GENIA corpus, which is manually annotated for proteins, all syntactic paths between proteins are extracted. These syntactic paths are manually disambiguated between meaningful paths and irrelevant paths. Meaningful paths are paths that express an interaction between the syntactically connected proteins, irrelevant paths are paths that do not convey any interaction.The resource created by these manual decisions is used in two ways. First, words that appear frequently inside a meaningful paths are learnt using simple machine learning. Second, these resources are applied to the task of automatically detecting interactions between proteins in biomedical literature. We use the IntAct corpus as an application corpus.After detecting proteins in the IntAct texts, we automatically parse them and classify the syntactic paths between them using the meaningful paths from the resource created on GENIA and addressing sparse data problems by shortening the paths based on the words frequently appearing inside the meaningful paths, so-called transparent words.We conduct an evaluation showing that we achieve acceptable recall and good precision, and we discuss the importance of transparent words for the task.
Mobile Media for Heterogeneous Interaction Landscapes - Towards Integrated Liquid Media Ojects
Authors: Mikael Wiberg
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Third International Conference on Digital Society (2009)

Traditionally, media objects have been restrained to specific media containers (e.g. media players, libraries, and technological platforms). In this paper we argue that this is due to a tradition of treating media as content separated from, but physically aligned to a certain form. However, due to the digital character of modern media, and due to current developments towards file sharing communities, media convergence and cross-media interaction design we argue that there are several good reasons now for exploring the design space beyond a container view of media. In our exploration of this design space we take a point of departure in media objects where form and content is integrated, instead of separated and we take contemporary theories of liquidity and an innovation-oriented focus group study as two sources of inspiration for exploring the design space of truly liquid media. The exploration is then summarized into a vision of midget design, i.e. design of small, lightweight, interactive and integrated media objects that can live across heterogeneous media platforms.
An integrated intelligent computing model for the interpretation of EMG based neuromuscular diseases
Authors: Babita Pandey, R. B. Mishra
Venue: Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal (2009)

Intelligent computing system (ICS) and knowledge-based system (KBS) have been widely used in the detection and interpretation of EMG (electromyography) based diseases. Heuristic-based detection methods of EMG parameters for a particular disease have also been reported in the literature but little effort has been made by researchers to combine rule-based reasoning (RBR) and case-based reasoning of KBS, and ANN (artificial neural nets) of ICS. Integrating the methods in KBS and ICS improves the computational and reasoning efficiency of the problem-solving strategy. We have developed an integrated model of CBR and RBR for generating cases, and ANN for matching cases for the interpretation and diagnosis of neuromuscular diseases. We have hierarchically structured the neuromuscular diseases in terms of their physio-pyscho (muscular, cognitive and psychological) parameters and EMG based parameters (amplitude, duration, phase etc.). Cumulative confidence factor is computed at different node from lowest to highest level of hierarchal structure in the process of diagnosis of the neuromuscular diseases. The diseases considered are Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Polymyostits, Endocrine myopathy, Metabolic myopathy, Neuropathy, Poliomyletis and Myasthenia gravis. The basic objective of this work is to develop an integrated model of RBR, CBR and ANN in which RBR is used to hierarchically correlate the sign and symptom of the disease and also to compute cumulative confidence factor (CCF) of the diseases. CBR is used for diagnosing the neuromuscular diseases and to find the relative importance of sign and symptoms of a diseases to other diseases and ANN is used for matching process in CBR.
Aggressive cognitive radio (ACR): how to make your own white space
Authors: Peter Wolniansky, Ivan Seskar
Venue: Proceedings of the tenth ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking and computing (2009)

This demonstration will show the versatility of an agile cognitive radio platform in a non-cooperative communication scenario. The techniques proposed for an Aggressive Cognitive Radio (ACR) including parking on unused spectrum, monitoring users to predict when they will vacate spectrum and intentional jamming of users to force them off spectrum.
PRISM: probabilistic model checking for performance and reliability analysis
Authors: Marta Kwiatkowska, Gethin Norman, David Parker
Venue: ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review (2009)

Probabilistic model checking is a formal verification technique for the modelling and analysis of stochastic systems. It has proved to be useful for studying a wide range of quantitative properties of models taken from many diffierent application domains. This includes, for example, performance and reliability properties of computer and communication systems. In this paper, we give an overview of the probabilistic model checking tool PRISM, focusing in particular on its support for continuous-time Markov chains and Markov reward models, and how these can be used to analyse performability properties.
A Handoff Scheme Based on Time Interval Indication in Collaborative Virtual Environment over WLAN
Authors: Ke Xie, Xiaohui Liang, Lin Xu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 WRI International Conference on Communications and Mobile Computing - Volume 01 (2009)

Handoff scheme provides continuous and seamless transfer when the mobile node moves around the overlay area of wireless networks. It is not practical to use the traditional Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) based methods to decide when to process handoff in Collaborative Virtual Environment (CVE), because the probe delay occupies most of the handoff delay time. In this paper, we propose a handoff scheme based on time interval indication (TII) in CVE over WLAN. Using the time interval between state protocol data units (PDUs) as a metric, can reduce the number of probes to decrease the probe delay in the processing of CVE. We take advantage of state forecast arithmetic to simulate object movement during processing of handoff. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed approach reduces probe delay time in the entire operation of CVE.
Combined Prediction Mode for AVS
Authors: Zhiyi Zhu, Xin Jin
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th Pacific Rim Conference on Multimedia: Advances in Multimedia Information Processing (2008)

Audio Video Coding Standard (AVS) is Chinese new audio and video coding standard, which provides close performance to H.264/AVC main profile with lower complexity. Like H.264/AVC, prediction plays an important role in AVS. A macroblock (MB) uses either Intra or Inter prediction to exploit spatial and temporal correlation to achieve good compression efficiency. In this paper, a new coding technique based on combined prediction is proposed for AVS. Based on the distribution analysis of residuals generated by Intra prediction and Inter prediction, the characteristics in both spatial and temporal domain are utilized to combine two selected modes Intra_8&times;8_DC and Inter_P_16&times;16 together. The limited complexity increase and the standard compatibility are discussed for the proposed combined prediction mode (CPM). Experimental results show that by applying the proposed CPM to the AVS rate-distortion optimized encoding flow, up to 2.70% bit rate reduction for CIF sequences and 1.57% for 720p sequences are achieved, because it generates the more precise prediction and has minimal complexity increase both in the encoder and decoder.
A reusable observer pattern implementation using package templates
Authors: Eyvind W. Axelsen, Fredrik Sørensen, Stein Krogdahl
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th workshop on Aspects, components, and patterns for infrastructure software (2009)

In this paper, we show how package templates, a new mechanism for code modularization, paired with a comparatively (and intentionally) small AOP mechanism may be utilized to create a reusable package for the Observer design pattern that can be plugged into an existing architecture with a minimum of "glue code".
Avatar mediated cinema
Authors: Peggy Weil, Nonny de la Peña
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Advances in Computer Entertainment Technology (2008)

In this paper, we describe an example of integrating video within a virtual environment, demonstrating a new form of visual storytelling we term spatial cinema. A subset of machinima documentary video footage is discussed for the potential for "cinema veritar." We focus on issues affecting avatar viewing experience: scale, placement and progression through the space; and avatar emotional experience including attention and viewer identity with the avatar. We also discuss cinematic techniques designed to take control of the avatar for special, scripted avatar events. We argue that avatar viewing and, even more importantly, avatar experience will prove central to evolving techniques of storytelling and narrative.
Semantic technologies in electronic government
Authors: Steve Harris, Jeremy Gibbons, Jim Davies, Andrew Tsui, Charles Crichton
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance (2008)

Joined-up government depends fundamentally on semantics --- on the computable representation of meaning, so that data is associated with appropriate metadata from the start, and this association is maintained as the data is manipulated. This paper summaries a tutorial and workshop on semantic technologies for supporting electronic government.
A new method for height estimation in depth
Authors: Mahdi Mirzabaki
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th conference on Signal, Speech and image processing (2008)

In many different applications like the military, traffic control, robotics, vehicle navigation etc, we need to know the height of an object about whose features and distance we don't know everything. What the present paper addresses is a method for estimation of the height of any target in scene without having to know anything about its features and distance, and to fulfil this end, interpolation function is used. The relevant polynomials are calculated from two separate tables. The first table is obtained from an experimental area that helps us to find the distance of that target from camera, and the next table, also gained from the same experimental area, helps us to find the value of each pixel for the height of the target in the calculated distance. Experiments show an acceptable accuracy and speed for the proposed method.
Singularity and Slow Convergence of the EM algorithm for Gaussian Mixtures
Authors: Hyeyoung Park, Tomoko Ozeki
Venue: Neural Processing Letters (2009)

Singularities in the parameter spaces of hierarchical learning machines are known to be a main cause of slow convergence of gradient descent learning. The EM algorithm, which is another learning algorithm giving a maximum likelihood estimator, is also suffering from its slow convergence, which often appears when the component overlap is large. We analyze the dynamics of the EM algorithm for Gaussian mixtures around singularities and show that there exists a slow manifold caused by a singular structure, which is closely related to the slow convergence of the EM algorithm. We also conduct numerical simulations to confirm the theoretical analysis. Through the simulations, we compare the dynamics of the EM algorithm with that of the gradient descent algorithm, and show that their slow dynamics are caused by the same singular structure, and thus they have the same behaviors around singularities.
Consistency of Topological Moves Based on the Balanced Minimum Evolution Principle of Phylogenetic Inference
Authors: Magnus Bordewich, Olivier Gascuel, Katharina T. Huber, Vincent Moulton
Venue: IEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics (TCBB) (2009)

Many phylogenetic algorithms search the space of possible trees using topological rearrangements and some optimality criterion. FastME is such an approach that uses the {\em balanced minimum evolution (BME)} principle, which computer studies have demonstrated to have high accuracy. FastME includes two variants: {\em balanced subtree prune and regraft (BSPR)} and {\em balanced nearest neighbor interchange (BNNI)}. These algorithms take as input a distance matrix and a putative phylogenetic tree. The tree is modified using SPR or NNI operations, respectively, to reduce the BME length relative to the distance matrix, until a tree with (locally) shortest BME length is found. Following computer simulations, it has been conjectured that BSPR and BNNI are consistent, i.e. for an input distance that is a tree-metric, they converge to the corresponding tree. We prove that the BSPR algorithm is consistent. Moreover, even if the input contains small errors relative to a tree-metric, we show that the BSPR algorithm still returns the corresponding tree. Whether BNNI is consistent remains open.
ICT-SUSTOUR and MARKETOUR: Two second language acquisition projects through a virtual learning environment
Authors: M. Pilar Alberola Colomar, Eva Gil Guzmán
Venue: Computers Education (2009)

We are presenting a methodological approach that aims to increase students' motivation by asking them to develop tasks based on professional settings. In order to meet this objective a collaborative methodology was designed and applied to two multidisciplinary projects: MARKETOUR and ICT-SUSTOUR. Both projects made students face real workplace situations by working collaboratively through the use of a virtual learning environment (VLE) and other information technology (IT) tools at a national and international level. The methodology proposed offers students a professional scenario in which they are required to develop purpose-based tasks using IT. A virtual learning environment was devised for each project in order to create a real learning community and a website was designed in ICT-SUSTOUR for sharing information. The development of both projects encouraged students to improve their communication skills in English as well as their IT skills with the ultimate objective of increasing their motivation to learn English for specific purposes (ESP).