ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
HPP: HTML macro-preprocessing to support dynamic document caching
Authors: Fred Douglis, Antonio Haro, Michael Rabinovich
Venue: Proceedings of the USENIX Symposium on Internet Technologies and Systems on USENIX Symposium on Internet Technologies and Systems (1997)

A number of techniques are available for reducing latency and bandwidth requirements for resources on the World Wide Web, including caching, compression, and delta-encoding [12]. These approaches are limited: much data on the Web is dynamic, for which traditional caching is of limited use, and delta-encoding requires both a common version base against which to apply a delta and the complete generation of the resource prior to encoding it. In contrast to these approaches, we take an application-specific view, in which we separate the static and dynamic portions of a resource. The static portions (called the template) can then be cached, with (presumably small) dynamic portions obtained on each access. Our HTML extension, which we refer to as HPP (for HTML Pre-Processing) supports resources that contain variable number of static and dynamic elements, such as query responses. Results with macro-encoding of query response resources from local CGI scripts and two popular search engines indicate that our approach promises a substantial reduction of network traffic, server load, and access latency for dynamic documents. The size of network transfers using HPP are comparable to delta-encoding (factors of 2-8 smaller than the original resource), while the data generated by content providers is simpler, and the load on the end-servers is slightly lower.
Texture edge detection by feature encoding and predictive model
Authors: Jyh-Charn Liu
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1999. on 1999 IEEE International Conference - Volume 02 (1999)

Texture boundaries or edges are useful information for segmenting heterogeneous textures into several classes. Texture edge detection is different from the conventional edge detection that is based on the pixel-wise changes of gray level intensities, because textures are formed by patterned placement of texture elements over some regions. We propose a prediction-based texture edge detection method that includes encoding and prediction modules as its major components. The encoding module projects n-dimensional texture features onto a 1-dimensional feature map through the SOFM algorithm to obtain scalar features, and the prediction module computes the predictive relationship of the scalar features with respect to their neighbors sampled from 8 directions. The variance of prediction errors is used as the measure for detection of edges. In the experiments with the micro-textures, our method has shown its effectiveness in detecting the texture edges.
Designing a Cryptographic Scheme for e-Surveys in Higher-Education Institutions
Authors: Alan Ward, Jordi Castella Roca, Alex Dorca Josa
Venue: Proceedings of the The Second International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security (2007)

We present design guidelines for a cryptographic scheme destined for an electronic survey software system developed in view of application in higher-education institutions By using commercial-grade sqftware, we can provide a user-friendly environment that, on the other hand, can also ensure anonyymous participation. We describe the implementation of such a system with the Java programming language and the steps taken for its installation and use.
Nettimer: a tool for measuring bottleneck link, bandwidth
Authors: Kevin Lai, Mary Baker
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd conference on USENIX Symposium on Internet Technologies and Systems - Volume 3 (2001)

Measuring the bottleneck link bandwidth along a path is important for understanding the performance of many Internet applications. Existing tools to measure bottleneck bandwidth are relatively slow, can only measure bandwidth in one direction, and/or actively send probe packets. We present the nettimer bottleneck link bandwidth measurement tool, the libdpcap distributed packet capture library, and experiments quantifying their utility. We test nettimer across a variety of bottleneck network technologies ranging from 19.2Kb/s to 100Mb/s, wired and wireless, symmetric and asymmetric bandwidth, across local area and cross-country paths, while using both one and two packet capture hosts. In most cases, nettimer has an error of less than 10%, but at worst has an error of 40%, even on cross-country paths of 17 or more hops. It converges within 10KB of the first large packet arrival while consuming less than 7% of the network traffic being measured.
Recommending related papers based on digital library access records
Authors: Stefan Pohl, Filip Radlinski, Thorsten Joachims
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th ACM/IEEE-CS joint conference on Digital libraries (2007)

An important goal for digital libraries is to enable researchers to more easily explore related work. While citation data is often used as an indicator of relatedness, in this paper we demonstrate that digital access records (e.g. http-server logs) can be used as indicators as well. In particular, we show that measures based on co-access provide better coverage than co-citation, that they are available much sooner, and that they are more accurate for recent papers.
Towards ubiquitous multihop wireless networks: addressing capacity and security challenges
Authors: Elizabeth Belding
Venue:  (2007)

While single-hop wireless networks are commonly deployed today, multihop wireless networks are still in early stages of development. These networks have tremendous potential to be the technology of choice for providing ubiquitous Internet connectivity since they enable truly pervasive, untethered, mobile access; minimize the need for expensive wired infrastructure; and are relatively easy to deploy and maintain. However, multihop scenarios significantly exacerbate several wireless networking challenges that must be addressed before these networks can become practical and useful. In this dissertation, we focus on two challenges that are particularly aggravated in multihop scenarios, and that we believe are among the most significant hurdles obstructing the widespread use of these networks. The first challenge that we address is limited capacity. Our contributions at the MAC and network layers of the protocol stack increase capacity utilization through improved spatial reuse of the medium. At the MAC layer, we present a comprehensive solution that mitigates the exposed terminal problem in static network topologies, thereby improving spatial reuse. At the network layer, we leverage user mobility to increase the bandwidth available to each user, which results in spatial redistribution of traffic and improved capacity utilization. A simulation-based evaluation of our solutions is presented. To facilitate efficient utilization of capacity, we design perceptive communication mechanisms that enable carrier-sense neighbors to communicate, and thereby coordinate medium access in a more sophisticated manner. We evaluate the feasibility and efficiency of perceptive communication on wireless hardware, and examine its application to calculate intra-flow contention. The second challenge that we address is the vulnerability of multihop wireless networks to attacks on the routing infrastructure. We demonstrate that popular multihop wireless routing protocols are replete with security flaws. We describe and classify several attacks on these protocols. Our secure routing protocol, ARAN, which we evaluate through both implementation and simulation, is robust against all identified attacks. In summary, this dissertation addresses critical challenges related to the limited capacity and security of multihop wireless networks. Our work significantly advances the state-of-the-art in wireless networking, and brings us closer to realizing the vision of ubiquitous multihop wireless networks.
Evaluating the importance of user-specific profiling
Authors: Zheng Wang, Norm Rubin
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd conference on USENIX Windows NT Symposium - Volume 2 (1998)

This paper examines common assumptions about user-specific profiling in profile-based optimization. We study execution profiles of interactive applications on Windows NT to understand how different users use the same program. The profiles were generated by the DIGITAL FX!32 emulator/binary translator system, which automatically runs the x86 version of Windows NT programs on NT/Alpha computers. We have found that people use the benchmark programs in different ways. These differences in program usage can have impact on the performance of profile-based FX!32 program translation and optimization, up to 9%.
Almost Sure and Moment Exponential Stability in the Numerical Simulation of Stochastic Differential Equations
Authors: Desmond J. Higham, Xuerong Mao, Chenggui Yuan
Venue: SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis (2007)

Relatively little is known about the ability of numerical methods for stochastic differential equations (SDEs) to reproduce almost sure and small-moment stability. Here, we focus on these stability properties in the limit as the timestep tends to zero. Our analysis is motivated by an example of an exponentially almost surely stable nonlinear SDE for which the Euler-Maruyama (EM)method fails to reproduce this behavior for any nonzero timestep. We begin by showing that EM correctly reproduces almost sure and small-moment exponential stability for sufficiently small timesteps on scalar linear SDEs. We then generalize our results to multidimensional nonlinear SDEs. We show that when the SDE obeys a linear growth condition, EM recovers almost surely exponential stability very well. Under the less restrictive condition that the drift coefficient of the SDE obeys a one-sided Lipschitz condition, where EM may break down, we show that the backward Euler method maintains almost surely exponential stability.
Technology-Based Re-Engineering Engineering Education
Venue: Proceedings of the 26th Annual Frontiers in Education - Volume 01 (1996)

Writing center programs encompass a variety of instructional and consultative services and provide effective approaches for integrating writing instruction into the engineering curriculum. A writing center program at the University of South Carolina's Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) integrates both informal writing (writing-to-learn) and technical report writing instruction into the sequence of lab courses and senior level seminar courses. The ECE writing center program offers a structured program of individual consultations, group discussions, and team sessions to engage students in exploring discourse conventions of the field. These consultation processes encourage students to reflect on their experiences and guide engineering students in developing appropriate linguistic structures to communicate their findings in both written reports and in oral presentations. This presentation outlines steps for developing writing center programs in engineering, describing the collaboration necessary for successful operation and the research and assessment necessary for program effectiveness. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
AnswerMatching: A Competitive Learning Game with Uneven Chance Tactic
Authors: Winston M. C. Wu, Hercy N. H. Cheng, Mong-Chen Chiang, Yi-Chan Deng, Chih-Yueh Chou, Chin-Chung Tsai, Tak-Wai Chan
Venue: Proceedings of the The First IEEE International Workshop on Digital Game and Intelligent Toy Enhanced Learning (2007)

Individual ability differences are an everlasting phenomenon in a classroom. Competitive learning games that aim at drawing students.. attention and excitement will inevitably hurt the self-esteem of those students with lower-skill levels. This paper describes the design of a small group competitive classroom game called AnswerMatching. Besides, we propose an approach to resolving the individual ability difference problem, called Uneven Chance Tactic. A pilot study of the game with this tactic is also reported.
Detection of rogue devices in wireless networks
Authors: Jeyanthi Hall
Venue:  (2006)

The need for robust access control mechanisms is paramount, especially in Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)s and Wireless Wide Area Network (WWAN)s. Current authentication systems are vulnerable to device impersonation by rogue devices. Within cellular mobile networks, this threat is actualized by cloning cell phones, and using the clones for obtaining free services. A well known example in Wireless Fidelity (WiFi)/802.11 networks is Media Access Control (MAC) address spoofing. In this case, an attacker captures the MAC address of an authorized device and programs it into his device, in order to obtain unauthorized access. The threat of address spoofing is equally applicable to Bluetooth (BT) ad-hoc networks. The underlying problem is the continued use of Access Control List (ACL)s, based on a single malleable identifier, e.g. MAC addresses. Given the ease with which the aforementioned attacks are mounted, and the potential impact on these networks, there is a requirement for access control mechanisms that are capable of detecting impersonation attacks. What would prove useful is to associate a malleable identifier with less malleable characteristics. Hence, we explore the feasibility of using Anomaly-based Intrusion Detection (ABID), which makes use of device-based and/or user-based profiles for ad dressing the aforementioned problem. For example, an ABID system would compare multiple instances of device/user characteristics, associated with a given identifier, to those in the corresponding profile. Deviations from pre-established thresholds would be indicative of cloning or address spoofing. More specifically, we explore the use of Radio Frequency Fingerprinting (RFF) for characterizing transceivers in WiFi/802.11 and BT wireless cards, i.e. create device-based profiles, and Hotelling's T 2 statistics for classification purposes. Similarly, we also investigate the adoption of User Mobility Pattern (UMP)s for user-based profiles and the Instance-Based Learning (IBL) technique for classification. Average detection rates of 93% (BT) and 94.5% (WiFi/802.11) support the feasibility of incorporating RFF, in ABID, for detecting address spoofing. On the other hand, the use of UMPs for similar purposes is also technically feasible. Thus, device-based and user-based characteristics can be exploited for detecting rogue devices in wireless networks.
Convergence of the Primal-Dual Active Set Strategy for Diagonally Dominant Systems
Authors: Kazufumi Ito, Karl Kunisch
Venue: SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization (2007)

Sufficient conditions for global convergence of the primal-dual active set strategy for finite and infinite dimensional quadratic, as well as nonlinear optimization, problems with affine equality and inequality constraints are presented. These conditions involve diagonal dominance and cone preserving properties of the operator defining the cost functional. Globalization strategies are also provided, and specific sufficient conditions for the primal-dual active set step to have a descent property are given.
The WPI global perspective program: preparing for assessment and ABET 2000
Authors: R. F. Vaz
Venue: Proceedings of the 28th Annual Frontiers in Education - Volume 01 (1998)

Worcester Polytechnic Institute (USA) has been practicing innovative, project-based technological education for over 25 years. WPI requires all undergraduates to complete a series of projects, including one in which they examine how science or technology interacts with societal structures and values. Because of its commitment to a global perspective, the university offers its students opportunities to complete this unique degree requirement at locations around the world. WPI operates ten international project programs where students, with resident faculty advisors, live and work full time solving real-world problems for public and private agencies and organizations. WPI sends more engineering and science students overseas for experiential learning than any other US college or university; during the 1998-99 academic year, approximately 350 WPI students-including over half of the junior class-will travel to a global project site to complete one of these interdisciplinary projects. In this paper, the authors describe WPI's Global Perspective Program, and discuss how the educational objectives of project-based learning are met through this unique program. They discuss some benefits of the program, which include addressing the new criteria set forth by ABET 2000, internationalization of the faculty, student body and curriculum, and an enhanced global perspective on campus. An outline of current developments within WPI's Global Perspective Program including assessment initiatives, enhancement of student preparation, faculty development programs, student participation in program growth and marketing, and student re-entry programs are also described.
A mixing board interface for graphics and visualization applications
Authors: Matthew Crider, Steven Bergner, Thomas N. Smyth, Torsten Möller, Melanie K. Tory, Arthur E. Kirkpatrick, Daniel Weiskopf
Venue: Proceedings of Graphics Interface 2007 (2007)

We use a haptically enhanced mixing board with a video projector as an interface to various data visualization tasks. We report results of an expert review with four participants, qualitatively evaluating the board for three different applications: dynamic queries (abstract task), parallel coordinates interface (multi-dimensional combinatorial search), and ExoVis (3D spatial navigation). Our investigation sought to determine the strengths of this physical input given its capability to facilitate bimanual interaction, constraint maintenance, tight coupling of input and output, and other features. Participants generally had little difficulty with the mappings of parameters to sliders. The graspable sliders apparently reduced the mental exertion needed to acquire control, allowing participants to attend more directly to understanding the visualization. Participants often designated specific roles for each hand, but only rarely moved both hands simultaneously.
Learning achievement evaluation strategy using fuzzy membership function
Authors: Sunghyun Weon
Venue: Proceedings of the Frontiers in Education Conference, 2001. on 31st Annual - Volume 01 (2001)

In this paper, the authors suggest a new learning achievement evaluation strategy in student's learning procedure. They call this fuzzy evaluation. They may assign fuzzy lingual variables to each question pertaining to its importance, complexity and difficulty by using fuzzy membership functions. Then one can evaluate a score depending on the membership degree of uncertainty factors in each question. In addition, they consider the time consuming element for solving a question. They adapt an inverse sigmoid function to consider time consuming elements, fuzzy concentration and dilation function for importance, a sigmoid function for complexity, and fuzzy square method for difficulty.
Computational exercises in antenna analysis and design for electrical engineering senior technical elective-graduate courses
Authors: I. Chatterjee
Venue: Proceedings of the 26th Annual Frontiers in Education - Volume 01 (1996)

It is well known that students of electrical engineering tend to avoid technical electives involving electromagnetics, due to the inherent analytical content of these courses. In an effort to combine theory and numerical modeling involving analysis and design, an Instructional Enhancement Grant was obtained from the University of Nevada Reno. The objective of this grant was to develop a series of computational exercises in antenna analysis and design which could be used in conjunction with the senior level electromagnetics technical elective as well as with a graduate level course in antenna theory and design. These exercises have been successfully developed and are being used with both these courses. They are assigned to the students at appropriate times during the semester when the theory underlying the topic of a particular computational exercise is being discussed in class. This gives the student an immediate opportunity to compare theory with the results of numerical modeling. The exercises utilize existing antenna analysis and design software for personal computers to which students have easy access either at home or at the university. They are asked to write a written report on each exercise. Student evaluations from these courses indicate that these computational exercises give them a better perspective on an otherwise abstract subject. This paper discusses the exercises and how they are implemented in the two classes.
The Construction of Evaluation Framework for Virtual Geographic Environment
Authors: Gang Wang, Jun Gao, Yingzhen Liu
Venue: Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Artificial Reality and Telexistence--Workshops (2006)

Evaluation is an important content in the study of VGE (Virtual Geographic Environment) and through all the study process. This paper constructs an evaluation framework for VGE, and discusses the reality, immersion and usability. We propose 3 balances as the evaluation degrees and 2 comparisons as the content of evaluation. Then we categorize the immersion into 4 levels and give 4 components of the influence on immersion. At last we evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of VGE and conclude the tasks unfit for VGE. The 3D images in the simulation of VGE can offer users a strong visual shock as they are personally on the scene. People always regard it as a mark of new technique and fashion and strive to make all images into 3D ones [1]. In order to clarify such notion, it is necessary to confine its application scientifically and objectively and research its evaluation standard. So, evaluation is an important content in the study of VGE and should be through all the study process.In our opinion, all the good techniques and methods will be useless without regarding evaluation framework and repeatedly tested principles of application. The evaluation framework for VGE (as shown in Figure 1) constructed in this paper attempts to research into it from 3 aspects.
Evaluation of MPEG7 color descriptors for visual surveillance retrieval
Authors: J. Annesley, J. Orwell, J.-P. Renno
Venue: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks (2005)

This paper presents the results to evaluate the effectiveness of MPEG 7 color descriptors in visual surveillance retrieval problems. A set of image sequences of pedestrians entering and leaving a room, viewed by two cameras, is used to create a test set. The problem posed is the correct identification of other sequences showing the same person as contained in an example image. Color descriptors from the MPEG7 standard are used, including dominant color, color layout, color structure and scalable color experiments are presented that compare the performance of these, and also compare automatic and manual techniques to examine the sensitivity of the retrieval rate on segmentation accuracy. In addition, results are presented on innovative methods to combine the output from different descriptors, and also different components of the observed people. The evaluation measure used is the ANMRR, a standard in content-based retrieval experiments.