ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
OLAP on sequence data
Authors: Eric Lo, Ben Kao, Wai-Shing Ho, Sau Dan Lee, Chun Kit Chui, David W. Cheung
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data (2008)

Many kinds of real-life data exhibit logical ordering among their data items and are thus sequential in nature. However, traditional online analytical processing (OLAP) systems and techniques were not designed for sequence data and they are incapable of supporting sequence data analysis. In this paper, we propose the concept of Sequence OLAP, or S-OLAP for short. The biggest distinction of S-OLAP from traditional OLAP is that a sequence can be characterized not only by the attributes' values of its constituting items, but also by the subsequence/substring patterns it possesses. This paper studies many aspects related to Sequence OLAP. The concepts of sequence cuboid and sequence data cube are introduced. A prototype S-OLAP system is built in order to validate the proposed concepts. The prototype is able to support "pattern-based" grouping and aggregation, which is currently not supported by any OLAP system. The implementation details of the prototype system as well as experimental results are presented.
Security and identification indicators for browsers against spoofing and phishing attacks
Authors: Amir Herzberg, Ahmad Jbara
Venue: ACM Transactions on Internet Technology (TOIT) (2008)

In spite of the use of standard Web security measures (SSL/TLS), users enter sensitive information such as passwords into fake Web sites. Such fake sites cause substantial damages to individuals and corporations. In this work, we identify several vulnerabilities of browsers, focusing on security and identification indicators. We present improved security and identification indicators, as we implemented in TrustBar, a browser extension we developed. With TrustBar, users can assign a name or logo to identify SSL/TLS-protected sites; if users did not assign a name or logo, TrustBar identifies protected sites by the name or logo of the site, and by the certificate authority (CA) who identified the site. We present usability experiments which compared TrustBar's indicators to the basic indicators available in most browsers (padlock, URL, and https prefix), and some relevant secure-usability principles.
Access control by action control
Authors: Steve Barker
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th ACM symposium on Access control models and technologies (2008)

We address the problem of defining access control policies that may be used in the evaluation of requests made by client actors, in the course of e-trading, to perform actions on the resources maintained by an e-collective. An e-collective is a group of agents that may act individually or in conjunction with other agents to satisfy a client's request to act. Our principal contribution to this key problem is to define formally an access control model in terms of which policies may be specified for helping to ensure that only legitimate forms of client actions are performed in the course of engaging in e-trading. We call this model the action control model. In action control, the notion of intentional, empowered, authorized actions, that may be performed individualistically or jointly with other agents, and in a manner that is consistent with a group ethos, is the basis for specifying a set of permissives. A permissive is a generalization of the notion of a permission (as the latter term is usually interpreted in access control). In addition to the formal definition of the action control model, we give examples of action control policy specifications and we describe a candidate implementation and performance measures.
Basal ganglia play a unique role in task switching within the frontal-subcortical circuits: Evidence from patients with focal lesions
Authors: Einat Yehene, Nachshon Meiran, Nachum Soroker
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2008)

The performance of patients with lesions involving the basal ganglia (BG) was compared to that of patients with prefrontal (PFC) lesions, thalamic (TH) lesions, and age-matched controls in order to examine the specific role of the BG within the frontal-subcortical circuits (FSCC) in task switching. All the BG patients and none of the other participants showed a marked increase in error rate in incongruent trials where correct responses depended upon the choice of the correct task rule. Some BG patients erred in failing to switch tasks and others failed despite their attempt to switch tasks. Additionally, reaction time results indicate abnormal response repetition effects among the BG patients; failure in benefiting from advance task information among all the patients; and increased task mixing costs following PFC lesions. The authors conclude that although the frontal-subcortical circuits jointly determine some behaviors (such as benefiting from preparation), the BG play a unique role within the FSCC in action selection and/or the inhibition of irrelevant information.
Satellite data in a rapid analysis of Kashmir earthquake (October 2005) triggered landslide pattern and river water turbidity in and around the epicentral region
Authors: J. D. Das, A. K. Saraf, S. Panda
Venue: International Journal of Remote Sensing (2007)

The Kashmir earthquake of 8 October 2005 that epicentred 10 km northeast of Muzaffarabad town caused widespread slope failures (landslides) extending from Balakot in the northwest to Khudpura in the southeast through Muzaffarabad and Kuroli, with the slides concentrated mostly along the river valley. The southeasterly (sun-facing) hill slopes were affected predominantly. These landscape changes and the sudden increase in turbidity in the Neelam River have been delineated on earth-observing satellite data. The occurrence of the landslides is observed linearly along a NW-SE line extending for about 40 km in and around the epicentral zone. From the damage pattern it is deduced that this linear zone might be the maximum displaced block during the earthquake, generated by reverse thrusting.
A hybrid PSO algorithm with enforced local search for transmission network expansion planning
Authors: Ciwei Gao, Haozhong Cheng, Chuanwen Jiang
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Circuits (2005)

Transmission network expansion planning is of great importance in power system development, especially in competitive context, transmission expansion could be taken as a kind of system management tool and is now in deep exploration. The development of the transmission network expansion planning is both with the model that represent the planning problem and the algorithm to solve the model. Although being proved effective way to deal with the optimization problem, meta-heuristic algorithms is still puzzled by immature convergence and inefficiency. A hybrid algorithm with brand new concept and implementation is tried to form in this paper. PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) is used as raw processing according to its high sensitivity in excellent particle to find the local optimum while the Entropy distances are proposed as tabu distance for local optimum representation and the dynamically updated local stochastic search with normal distribution is responsible for finding the global optimum. Samples demonstrate its effective of the algorithm proposed.
Dealing with Data Inconsistencies in Mobile Distributed Environments
Authors: Matthias R. Brust
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 Second Asia International Conference on Modelling & Simulation (AMS) (2008)

This paper is a work in progress report on the information inconsistency problem inherent to hybrid networks. Hybrid networks consist of ad hoc or wireless sensor networks supported by a backbone network. We introduce the concept of consistency degree as a measure of information consistency in such a network. By using this measure backbone links can potentially be managed and self-organized to equilibrate a network’s information state locally and globally. Additionally, application scenarios are studied in the context of the introduced concept. Here, the focus is on iRide, a mobile transportation information system that is currently under development.
An automated refactoring tool for dataflow visual programming language
Authors: Yang Yi Sui, Jun Lin, Xiao Tuo Zhang
Venue: ACM SIGPLAN Notices (2008)

Refactoring tools are extremely important to prevent errors and reduce consumed time. But these tools only support text-based languages, especially in Object Oriented languages. In order to accommodate the situation that Dataflow Visual Programming Languages (DFVPLs) are more and more popular, an automated refactoring tool for DFVPL was proposed. DFVPL was divided into two layers---visual layer and dataflow layer. Two layers mutually evolved, which ensured correctness of visual elements and dataflow semantic during refactoring. Some algorithms like middle graph generation; terminal auto-generation and terminal auto-modification were proposed to implement the changes of two layers. This tool has been proved correct and efficient by some refactoring instances. In addition, we discussed some famous DFVPL like LabVIEW to expose lacking of automated refactoring tool forced refactoring by hand to be time-consuming and error-prone.
An alternative approach to modulo-multiplication for finite fields using the Itoh-Tsujii algorithm
Authors: Bharathwaj Sankara Viswanathan, Kishore Lakshmi Narasimhan
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th WSEAS International Conference on Applied Mathematics (2005)

Modulo arithmetic operations especially modulo multiplication have extensive applications in elliptic curve cryptanalysis, error control coding and linear recurring sequences. These operations have steadily grown in the word size in the past. Current designs and approaches may not be the most efficient for such high word sizes. Also usually, most approaches optimize for either area or speed, not both. In this paper, we examine certain properties and elucidate certain alternative strategies of and on the Itoh-Tsujii algorithm[1] that will make it suitable for this emerging scenario. These strategies take a holistic approach to the problem, and aims at optimizing both speed and area for a given word length. These claims are supported by mathematical analysis, simulation and synthesis of a prototype of the suggested strategy. We also examine various enhancements that cam be effected in the given architecture.
E-procurement in Emerging Economies: Theory and Cases
Authors: Ashis Kumar Pani, Amit Agrahari
Venue:  (2007)

"Information systems are shaped by the environment in which they operate, and e-Procurement in Emerging Economies: Theory and Cases explains how e-procurement is shaped in emerging economies. Contributors from Italy, China, India, Turkey, Slovenia, Australia, and UK have submitted case studies and theoretical insights on e-procurement and its implications for emerging economies, covering a gamut of issues that are relevant to understand how Web-based function and services effect buyer supplier interactions in emerging economies. e-Procurement in Emerging Economies: Theory and Cases presents issues such as legal, technical, cultural and social analysis on e-procurement, and offers technical and managerial solutions to professionals in different emerging economies and industries."
Security against probe-response attacks in collaborative intrusion detection
Authors: Vitaly Shmatikov, Ming-Hsiu Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 workshop on Large scale attack defense (2007)

Probe-response attacks are a new threat for collaborative intrusion detection systems. A probe is an attack which is deliberately crafted so that its target detects and reports it with a recognizable "fingerprint" in the report. The attacker then uses the collaborative infrastructure to learn the detector's location and defensive capabilities from this report. We analyze the fundamental tradeoff between the ability of a collaborative network to detect epidemic threats and security of individual participants against probe-response attacks. We then design and evaluate a collaborative detection system which provides protection against probe-response attacks. Unlike previously proposed collaborative detection networks, our system supports alert sharing while limiting exposure of members' identities.
Stencil-assisted reactive ion etching for micro and nano patterning
Authors: B. Viallet, J. Grisolia, L. Ressier, M. A. F. Van Den Boogaart, J. Brugger, T. Lebraud
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2008)

Stencil-assisted oxygen reactive ion etching is a low-cost and parallel process for the replication of micrometric and nanometric patterns in any organic material. This lithography process allows the patterning of organic material non sensitive to electronic or optical radiations, sensitive to solvents, or already patterned which cannot be patterned by conventional lithography methods. We demonstrate the versatility of stencil-assisted reactive ion etching though 3 examples. First to define 500nm holes in PMMA. Secondly, the fabrication step has been integrated in a lift-off process of metal or molecular self-assembled monolayers. We finally apply stencil-assisted reactive ion etching to pattern an assembly of 100nm latex nanoparticles.
Impact of Process and Temperature Variations on Network-on-Chip Design Exploration
Authors: Bin Li, Li-Shiuan Peh, Priyadarsan Patra
Venue: Proceedings of the Second ACM/IEEE International Symposium on Networks-on-Chip (2008)

With the continuing scaling of CMOS technologies, process variation is becoming a key factor highly impacting system-level power and temperature. Traditional methods of assuming a uniform temperature and no process variation can lead to gross inaccuracies even for system-level design, thus it is critical to consider the effects of process variation and temperature variation during early design exploration. In this paper, we describe the implementation of an architecture-level early-stage design space exploration tool that incorporates the effect of process and temperature variation for Network-on-chips(NoC). The tool is used to study the impact of process and temperature variations on power and energy-delay-product-per-flit metrics for different NoC architectures, and our simulation results show that design choices are influenced by the effects of process and temperature variation, thus demonstrating the importance of considering, and enabling the high-level impact analysis of process and temperature variation early in the design flow.
A mixed collocation-finite difference method for 3D microscopic heat transport problems
Authors: Alaeddin Malek, Sayed Hodjatollah Momeni-Masuleh
Venue: Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics (2008)

Three-dimensional time-dependent initial-boundary value problems of a novel microscopic heat equation are solved by the mixed collocation-finite difference method in and on the boundaries of a particle when the thickness is much smaller than both the length and width. The collocation method on fixed grid size is used to approximate the space operator, whereas the finite difference scheme is used for time discretization. This new mixed method is applied to a novel heat problem in a particle, in order to compute the temperature distribution in and on the particle's surface. The second derivatives of the basis functions for the spectral approximation are derived. Direct substitution of derivatives in the model transforms the differential equation into a linear system of equations that is solved by the specific preconditioned conjugate gradient method. The high-order accuracy and resolution achieved by the proposed method allows one to obtain engineering-accuracy solution on coarse meshes. The consistency, stability and convergence analysis are provided and numerical results are presented.
Hardware architecture of a cryptosystem based on cellular automata model
Authors: Eduard Franti, Monica Dascalu, Cristian Slav, Traian Balan
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th WSEAS International Conference on Systems Theory and Scientific Computation (2004)

The paper presents the hardware architecture of a cryptosystem based on cellular automata model (CA). Main cryptographic schemes with CA are briefly introduced. The hardware version refers to linear class 3 CA. The project for the cellular automata, main block of the encryption and decryption schemes, is presented. The scheme may be used for robust, low-cost and efficient cryptosystems for specific applications.
Note to the mixed-type splitting iterative method for Z-matrices linear systems
Authors: Guang-Hui Cheng, Ting-Zhu Huang, Shu-Qian Shen
Venue: Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics (2008)

In this paper, the mixed-type splitting iterative method is established for solving the linear system Ax=b, where A is a Z-matrix. The iterative method contains an auxiliary matrix L"1(D"1) that is restricted to be nonnegative strictly lower triangular (diagonal) matrix. Comparison theorems show that the proper choice of the L"1(D"1) can lead to the convergence rate of the Mixed-Type Iterative Method faster than that of the SOR and AOR type iterative methods for solving Ax=b. Numerical results are presented.
Pair-wise resistance to traffic analysis in MANETs
Authors: Chase Gray, Jason Byrnes, Srihari Nelakuditi
Venue: ACM SIGMOBILE Mobile Computing and Communications Review (2008)

Some of the same features that make MANETs attractive, such as mobility and self-organization, also lead to increased vulnerability to traffic analysis. Data on who is communicating with whom, how often, how much, and when is easily available to any eavesdropper within range of the wireless network. Even if the payload is encrypted, standard MANET protocols transmit enough header and routing information in the clear making traffic analysis relatively easy for attackers. But users of MANETs may want to resist traffic analysis for a variety of reasons, ranging from secrecy for government and industry to simple personal privacy for individuals. Traffic analysis is a threat to secure communication, either by identifying targets for attacks such as denial-of-service or encryption cracking, or by revealing communication relationships.
Regional products for the Baltic Sea using MERIS data
Authors: H. Krawczyk, A. Neumann, B. Gerasch, T. Walzel
Venue: International Journal of Remote Sensing (2007)

For many questions of the coastal zone management the knowledge on the biological and ecological state of coastal waters is of high importance. Due to the complexity of this water type, characterized by different classes of water constituents, a sophisticated methodology needs to be applied for quantitative remote sensing. Within the MAPP-Project (MERIS Applications and Regional Products Project) a specific remote sensing interpretation algorithm was developed for the regional assessment of water constituents in the Baltic Sea. This is a part of the ESA Cat-1 proposal ID 1413 GEMEL-3 ("Generation of MERIS Level-3 products for European multidisciplinary regional applications"). The operational implementation in a MERIS-value-adding system allows a near real-time estimation of chlorophyll sediment and gelbstoff concentrations on a regular basis. The algorithm, based on a principal component inversion (PCI) technique and the model will be introduced. The applicability of the model will be demonstrated on a couple of comparisons of MERIS reflectances and in-situ measurements. The potential of the model shall be demonstrated on available MERIS data.
Mathematical Ontology and a Software Tool for Semantic Retrieval of Exercise Problems
Authors: Noriko Kitani, Shuichi Yukita
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications - Workshops (2008)

A huge number of entrance examination questions are accumulated in databases at various educational institutions and companies in education industry. These questions are valuable resources for teaching materials at schools. However, these resources are not accessible at the semantic level, that is, we can not retrieve right data by specifying concepts or teaching goals independent of the ways of presentation and terminology. Though such problems in various fields are successfully tackled by introducing ontology technologies, little is accomplished in the educational domain. In this paper, we introduce an example of ontology in the field of mathematics education and present a problem searching tool based on the ontology to prove the effectiveness of our semantic approach.
Review:
Authors: Jasmin Cloutier, Todd F. Heatherton, Paul J. Whalen, William M. Kelley
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2008)

The current study examined the neural substrates of facial attractiveness judgments. Based on the extant behavioral literature, it was hypothesized that brain regions involved in identifying the potential reward value of a stimulus would be more active when men viewed attractive women than when women viewed attractive men. To test this hypothesis, we conducted an event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging experiment during which participants provided explicit attractiveness judgments for faces of the opposite sex. These individual ratings were subsequently used to perform analyses aimed at identifying the brain regions preferentially responsive to attractive faces for both sex groups. The results revealed that brain regions comprising the putative reward circuitry (e.g., nucleus accumbens [NAcc], orbito-frontal cortex [OFC]) showed a linear increase in activation with increased judgments of attractiveness. However, further analysis also revealed sex differences in the recruitment of OFC, which distinguished attractive and unattractive faces only for male participants.
Trade-offs between the size of advice and broadcasting time in trees
Authors: Emanuele G. Fusco, Andrzej Pelc
Venue: Proceedings of the twentieth annual symposium on Parallelism in algorithms and architectures (2008)

We study the problem of the amount of information required to perform fast broadcasting in tree networks. The source located at the root of a tree has to disseminate a message to all nodes. In each round each informed node can transmit to one child. Nodes do not know the topology of the tree but an oracle knowing it can give a string of bits of advice to the source which can then pass it down the tree with the source message. The quality of a broadcasting algorithm with advice is measured by its competitive ratio: the worst case ratio, taken over n-node trees, between the time of this algorithm and the optimal broadcasting time in the given tree. Our goal is to find a trade-off between the size of advice and the best competitive ratio of a broadcasting algorithm for n-node trees. We establish such a trade-off with an approximation factor of Onε), for an arbitrarily small positive constant ε. This is the first problem for which a trade-off between the amount of provided information and the efficiency of the solution is shown for arbitrary size of advice.
A simple oxidation technique for quantum dot dimension shrinkage and tunnel barriers generation
Authors: M. Sutikno, U. Hashim, Z. A. Z. Jamal
Venue: Microelectronics Journal (2008)

The tunnel barriers generation and the quantum dot size shrinkage play a significant role in single-electron transistor (SET) fabrication. Because the numerically etch indicators were not found, the technical indicators, high contrast surface and high smoothness surface were used to optimize the etch process. Si nanostructures oxidation using either oxidation furnace or rapid thermal processing (RTP) equipment can result in silicon dioxide (SiO"2)-embedded-Si. In this research, we compare the furnace-oxidized-Si nanostructures with the RTP-oxidized-Si nanostructures. The oxidation rate of Si nanostructures using a furnace is 0.36nm/s, while the oxidation rate of Si nanostructures using RTP is 2.16nm/s.