ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
An integrated method for satellite image interpolation
Authors: W. Shi, Y. Tian, K. Liu
Venue: International Journal of Remote Sensing (2007)

Many image interpolation methods have been developed to enhance the visibility of either remotely sensed or other images, such as the bilinear method and bi-cubic method As a further development of the existing approaches, an integrated interpolation method is proposed in this study, which is an integration of the bilinear and the bi-cubic interpolation methods. First, the implemented procedure of the integrated interpolation method is described. This covers (a) a low-resolution image that is interpolated by using the bilinear and the bi-cubic interpolators respectively; (b) the hybrid parameters ρ and 1-ρ endowed on the bilinear and the bi-cubic interpolation results, respectively; (c) the interpolated image that is computed according to the weighted sum of both bilinear and bi-cubic interpolation results. Second, a further discussion is given on the method and the relation between hybrid parameter and details of an image (entropy) provided from the theoretical point of view. The result demonstrates that the hybrid parameter directly affects the details of an interpolated image. Third, the effectiveness of this integrated method is verified, based on experimental studies. Here, a method for the construction of images with different entropies is developed for construct simulated images. The integrated method possesses advantages of both the bilinear method for modelling low-frequency components and the bi-cubic method of high-frequency components simultaneously. The experimental study demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed integrated model.
mySQL Database Programming Interview Questions, Answers, and Explanations: mySQL Database Certification Review Guide
Authors: Terry,  Sanchez-Clark
Venue:  (2007)

Book Description: The Ultimate Reference & Learning Guide for mySQL! 100 Questions, Answers, and Explanations In order to stay competitive, today's DBA must have a thorough understanding of mySQL. With mySQL Interview Questions, Answers, and Explanations, you will be sure to stay up to date on the newest mySQL developments. Using this guide to prepare for a job interview or to brush up on the newest trends in mySQL will aid any DBA in acquiring new skills and knowledge. This guide will explain many common errors, standard database maintenance, performance tuning, and new features. More than just mySQL documentation and sales pitches, this guide explains mySQL from the perspective of the DBA so that you can evaluate a DBA candidate or land that DBA position with ease. Key topics include: . mySQL as a multithreaded, multi-user Database Management System . Database interactions with Linux and Windows . Database design, performance tuning, audit and security . Database monitoring and maintenance . Troubleshooting in implementation with ANSI C
The It Compliance Equation: Understanding the Elements
Authors: Steven Schlarman
Venue: The EDP Audit, Control, and Security Newsletter (2007)

Have you ever been a participant in a conversation that goes something like this? Auditor: Your controls are not complete. IT Operations: What controls should I implement? Auditor: Controls that meet business requirements and control objectives as outlined by COBIT? IT Operations: But what specific controls should I implement? Auditor: Go ask the CISO. Or how about this? CISO: We need to implement authentication and access control mechanisms. IT Operations: Sounds good but why? CISO: Because they are good things and Audit said so. IT Operations: OK, what specifically do you want me to do? CISO: Implement authentication and access control mechanisms in accordance with ISO:17799 and follow these 32 standards. IT Operations: OK, what specifically do you want me to do? CISO: Perhaps Audit can help you with some best practices.
A full-body avatar improves egocentric distance judgments in an immersive virtual environment
Authors: Betty J. Mohler, Heinrich H. Bülthoff, William B. Thompson, Sarah H. Creem-Regehr
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th symposium on Applied perception in graphics and visualization (2008)

A number of investigators have reported that distance judgments in virtual environments (VEs) are systematically smaller than distance judgments made in comparably-sized real environments. Many variables that may contribute to this difference have been investigated but none of them fully explain the distance compression. In this paper we asked whether seeing a fully-articulated visual representation of oneself (avatar) within a virtual environment would lead to more accurate estimations of distance. We found that participants who explored near space without the visual avatar underestimated egocentric distance judgments compared to those who similarly explored near space while viewing a fully-articulated avatar. These results are discussed with respect to the perceptual and cognitive mechanisms that may be involved in the observed effects as well as the benefits of visual feedback in the form of an avatar for VE applications.
IMMUNITY AS A DESIGN DECISION MAKING PARADIGM FOR COMPLEX SYSTEMS: A ROBUSTNESS APPROACH
Authors: Mahmoud Efatmaneshnik, Carl Reidsema
Venue: Cybernetics and Systems (2007)

Within complex organizational systems such as Concurrent Engineering (CE) Product Development environments, uncertainty in information, and thus the knowledge required to make effective decisions, strongly influences the quality of the final product. Such systems are marked by high degrees of data variability making techniques such as optimization less than ideal, particularly for multiobjective problem types. Although different methods that enable designers to deal with uncertainty have been utilized, they derive from what appears to be a less than adequate representation of complex system behavior. This article presents a representation for complex systems based on the analogy of immunity where the environment of a system or "nonself" represents the set of input and outputs with the "self" of the system as the resulting "effect." A fuzzy approach to the random perturbation of the system variables through the introduction of a global robustness index is proposed. The approach is presented in the context of decision making for tolerance control within manufacturing process design.
2008 Special Issue: Learning to recognize objects on the fly: A neurally based dynamic field approach
Authors: Christian Faubel, Gregor Schöner
Venue: Neural Networks (2008)

Autonomous robots interacting with human users need to build and continuously update scene representations. This entails the problem of rapidly learning to recognize new objects under user guidance. Based on analogies with human visual working memory, we propose a dynamical field architecture, in which localized peaks of activation represent objects over a small number of simple feature dimensions. Learning consists of laying down memory traces of such peaks. We implement the dynamical field model on a service robot and demonstrate how it learns 30 objects from a very small number of views (about 5 per object are sufficient). We also illustrate how properties of feature binding emerge from this framework.
Conceptualising Identity
Authors: Clare Sullivan
Venue: International Review of Law, Computers and Technology (2007)

This paper examines the legal nature of identity and identification in the context of transactions, considering recent developments in the United Kingdom and Australia. Identity and identification have not previously been analysed in this context, from a legal perspective. The composition and legal function of identity are considered, having regard to legislative changes in both countries. In particular, the concept of identity under the United Kingdom Identity Cards Act 2005 c 15 (UK) is compared to the concept of identity developing under Australian legislation. The distinction between that concept of identity and identification of an individual is considered and the legal nature and role of identity for transactional purposes is analysed. Overall, the paper challenges the assumption that the United Kingdom and Australian legislation are merely establishing an evidentiary standard for identification of individuals for transactional purposes, and asserts that identity is emerging as a distinct, new legal concept. A framework is presented for conceptualising identity in this context from a legal perspective, and the major ramifications of the new concept are outlined.
Using adaptive e-news to improve undergraduate programming courses with hybrid format
Authors: G. D. Chen, C. K. Chang, C. Y. Wang
Venue: Computers Education (2008)

With the growing popularity of computers and the Internet, most teachers are taking advantage of Internet functions to assist in both teaching and student learning. However, students only login to the assisted learning system once or twice a week on average to surf for relevant references, participate in discussions, or hand in assignments, even though information and interaction are greatly enhanced by these online services. Therefore, increasing the transfer rate of useful information and interaction during the course period would help students learn. To this end, we designed an e-news delivery system that sends personalized e-mails to every student's mailbox to make information access and peer interaction more convenient and efficient. Through the daily habit of using e-mail, students can receive the latest information, new instructions or peer discussions early. To encourage usage of the system, a user friendly interface was designed. The e-news system takes advantage of webpage hyperlinks to allow students to click on interesting topics while reading e-news; doing so will cause another window to pop-up with detailed content retrieved from the web-based learning system. A mouse-click allows students to login to the web-based learning system and extract the details of the chosen topic. To enhance the efficiency of e-news, learners' needs and interests were taken into consideration when forming the e-news content. Students' learning status and reading preferences are assessed to determine which information or content to include in the e-news. Experiment results reveal that e-news and personalized information greatly promote the reading of new information and participation in online activities.
A critical analysis of variants of the AUC
Authors: Stijn Vanderlooy, Eyke Hüllermeier
Venue: Machine Learning (2008)

The area under the ROC curve, or AUC, has been widely used to assess the ranking performance of binary scoring classifiers. Given a sample, the metric considers the ordering of positive and negative instances, i.e., the sign of the corresponding score differences. From a model evaluation and selection point of view, it may appear unreasonable to ignore the absolute value of these differences. For this reason, several variants of the AUC metric that take score differences into account have recently been proposed. In this paper, we present a unified framework for these metrics and provide a formal analysis. We conjecture that, despite their intuitive appeal, actually none of the variants is effective, at least with regard to model evaluation and selection. An extensive empirical analysis corroborates this conjecture. Our findings also shed light on recent research dealing with the construction of AUC-optimizing classifiers.
Optimal sampling in state space models with applications to network monitoring
Authors: Harsh Singhal, George Michailidis
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 ACM SIGMETRICS international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems (2008)

Advances in networking technology have enabled network engineers to use sampled data from routers to estimate network flow volumes and track them over time. However, low sampling rates result in large noise in traffic volume estimates. We propose to combine data on individual flows obtained from sampling with highly aggregate data obtained from SNMP measurements (similar to those used in network tomography) for the tracking problem at hand. Specifically, we introduce a linearized state space model for the estimation of network traffic flow volumes from combined SNMP and sampled data. Further, we formulate the problem of obtaining optimal sampling rates under router resource constraints as an experiment design problem. Theoretically it corresponds to the problem of optimal design for estimation of conditional means for state space models and we present the associated convex programs for a simple approach to it. The usefulness of the approach in the context of network monitoring is illustrated through an extensive numerical study.
Improving the Hybrid Data Dissemination Model of Web Documents
Authors: Jonathan Beaver, Kirk Pruhs, Panos K. Chrysanthis, Vincenzo Liberatore
Venue: World Wide Web (2008)

One of the major problems in the Internet today is the scalable delivery of data. With more and more people joining the Internet community, web servers and services are being forced to deal with workloads beyond their original data dissemination design capacity. One solution that has arisen to address scalability is to use multicasting, or push-based data dissemination, to send out data to many clients at once. More recently, the idea of using multicasting as part of a hybrid system with unicasting has shown positive results in increasing server scalability. In this paper we focus on solving problems associated with the hybrid dissemination model. In particular, we address the issues of document popularity and document division while arguing for the use of a third channel, called the multicast pull channel, in the hybrid system model. This channel improves performance in terms of response time while improving the robustness of the hybrid system. We show through extensive simulation using our working hybrid server the usefulness of this additional channel and its improving effects in creating a more scalable and more efficient web server.
NetFPGA: reusable router architecture for experimental research
Authors: Jad Naous, Glen Gibb, Sara Bolouki, Nick McKeown
Venue: Proceedings of the ACM workshop on Programmable routers for extensible services of tomorrow (2008)

Our goal is to enable fast prototyping of networking hardware (e.g. modified Ethernet switches and IP routers) for teaching and research. To this end, we built and made available the NetFPGA platform. Starting from open-source reference designs, students and researchers create their designs in Verilog, and then download them to the NetFPGA board where they can process packets at line-rate for 4-ports of 1GE. The board is becoming widely used for teaching and research, and so it has become important to make it easy to re-use modules and designs. We have created a standard interface between modules, making it easier to plug modules together in pipelines, and to create new re-usable designs. In this paper we describe our modular design, and how we have used it to build several systems, including our IP router reference design and some extensions to it.
Type and Effect Annotations for Safe Memory Access in C
Authors: Syrine Tlili, Mourad Debbabi
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 Third International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security (2008)

In this paper, we present a novel type and effect analysis for detecting memory errors in C source code. We extend the standard C type system with effect, region, and host annotations that hold valuable security information. We define static security checks to detect errors using the annotations. The checks are compliant with the ANSI-C standard, while adding more security restrictions to prevent runtime errors. The flow-sensitivity nature of our analysis enables us to modify type annotations at each program point and to efficiently detect temporal errors. Moreover, we endow our type system with alias information to deal with C aliasing pitfalls and to improve the precision of our analysis. We present an inference algorithm that automatically infers type annotations and applies security checks without programmer’s intervention.
PACONET: imProved Ant Colony Optimization Routing Algorithm for Mobile Ad Hoc NETworks
Authors: Eseosa Osagie, Parimala Thulasiraman, Ruppa K. Thulasiram
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications (2008)

Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETS) are infrastructureless network consisting of mobile nodes, with constantly changing topologies, that communicate via a wireless medium. Therefore, routing is a challenging issue in MANETs. Recently, nature inspired algorithms have been explored as means of finding an efficient solution to this routing problem. In this paper, we develop an improved routing algorithm for MANETs based on Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) inspired by real ants. The performance of the routing algorithm is evaluated through simulation and is compared to an existing well known MANET routing protocol, Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV). Several performance metrics are considered in different scenarios with varying mobility levels and traffic load.
Efficient reconstruction from non-uniform point sets
Authors: Erald Vu&#x00e7;ini, Torsten M&#x00f6;ller, M. Eduard Gr&#x00f6;ller
Venue: The Visual Computer: International Journal of Computer Graphics (2008)

We propose a method for non-uniform reconstruction of 3D scalar data. Typically, radial basis functions, trigonometric polynomials or shift-invariant functions are used in the functional approximation of 3D data. We adopt a variational approach for the reconstruction and rendering of 3D data. The principle idea is based on data fitting via thin-plate splines. An approximation by B-splines offers more compact support for fast reconstruction. We adopt this method for large datasets by introducing a block-based reconstruction approach. This makes the method practical for large datasets. Our reconstruction will be smooth across blocks. We give reconstruction measurements as error estimations based on different parameter settings and also an insight on the computational effort. We show that the block size used in reconstruction has a negligible effect on the reconstruction error. Finally we show rendering results to emphasize the quality of this 3D reconstruction technique.
Self organized learning applied to global positioning system (GPS) data
Authors: Ahmad R. Nsour, Mohamed A. Zohdy
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th WSEAS International Conference on Signal, Speech and Image Processing (2006)

In this paper, we applied self organized unsupervised neural learning to process global navigation systems with multiple input and multiple output signals, we considered versions of topological one-dimensional feature map layer. Several learning methods were examined in order to determine their effect on minimization of the clustering distance errors. New visualization of the multivariable network performance is introduced and applied to sample global positioning system (GPS) data. Although this study is significant, extensions to two-dimensional and higher dimensional layers feature map are currently being developed.
Report on the First MobiSys ACM workshop on mobile opportunistic networking (MobiOpp'07)
Authors: Marco Conti, Mario Gerla, Andrea Passarella, Giovanni Pau
Venue: ACM SIGMOBILE Mobile Computing and Communications Review (2008)

The aim of the MobiOpp workshop series is to bring together the (increasing) community of researchers working in the area of Mobile Opportunistic Networking. The first workshop in this series, MobiOpp'07, was held on June 11, 2007 in San Juan, Puerto Rico (USA) in conjunction with MobiSys 2007. MobiOpp'07 was sponsored by ACM SIGMOBILE and jointly organized by the IIT Institute of the Italian National Research Council (CNR) and by the UCLA Network Research Laboratory.
Finite Element Modelling and Simulation of Gun Dynamics Using "ANSYS"
Authors: Nadeem Ahmed, R. D. Brown, Amer Hameed
Venue: Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Computer Modeling and Simulation (2008)

The dynamic response of the gun during the firing cycle and the relative motion of the projectile with respect to the barrel has a significant effect on the accuracy and consistency of the gun as well as the shot launch conditions. Computer modelling techniques can be used to simulate motion of the gun during the firing cycle. A three dimensional finite element model of a large calibre gun was developed using ANSYS commercial software and its motion during the firing cycle was simulated to study and predict the effects of various design factors on the dynamic response of the gun. Physical contact conditions of the gun system components have been modelled using contact technology in ANSYS. Results are compared with general responses of the gun system obtained through available docummented sources. Effectiveness of the software for accurate modelling of gun dynamics is discussed.
Step decision rules for multistage stochastic programming: A heuristic approach
Authors: J. Thénié, J. -Ph. Vial
Venue: Automatica (Journal of IFAC) (2008)

Stochastic programming with step decision rules (SPSDR) aims to produce efficient solutions to multistage stochastic optimization problems. SPSDR, like plain multistage Stochastic Programming (SP), operates on a Monte Carlo ''computing sample'' of moderate size that approximates the stochastic process. Unlike SP, SPSDR does not strive to build a balanced event tree out of that sample. Rather, it defines a solution as a special type of decision rule, with the property that the decisions at each stage are piecewise constant functions on the sample of scenarios. Those pieces define a partition of the set of scenarios at each stage t, but the partition at t+1 need not be refinement of the partition at t. However, the rule is constructed so that the non-anticipativity condition is met, a necessary condition to make the rules operational. To validate the method we show how to extend a non-anticipatory decision rule to arbitrary scenarios within a very large validation sample of scenarios. We apply three methods, SPSDR, SP and Robust Optimization, to the same 12-stage problem in supply chain management, and compare them relatively to different objectives and performance criteria. It appears that SPSDR performs better than SP in that it produces a more accurate estimate (prediction) of the value achieved by its solution on the validation sample, and also that the achieved value is better.