ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Software In-House Integration - Quantified Experiences from Industry
Authors: Rikard Land, Peter Thilenius, Stig Larsson, Ivica Crnkoviic
Venue: Proceedings of the 32nd EUROMICRO Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications (2006)

When an organization faces new types of collaboration, for example after a company merger, there is a need to consolidate the existing in-house developed software. There are many high-level strategic decisions to be made, which should be based on as good foundation as possible, while these decisions must be made rapidly. Also, one must employ feasible processes and practices in order to get the two previously separate organizations to work towards a common goal. In order to study this topic, we previously performed an explorative and qualitative multiple case study, where we identified a number of suggested practices as well as other concerns to take into account. This paper presents a follow-up study, which aims at validating and quantifying these previous findings. This study includes a questionnaire distributed to in-house integration projects, aiming at validation of earlier findings. We compare the data to our previous conclusions, present observations on retirement of the existing systems and on the technical similarities of the existing systems. We also present some practices considered important but often neglected.
Discovering Innovation
Authors: Catherine Lasser
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on e-Business Engineering (2006)

Some have called it the "Big Blue Brain Storm" (Business week Aug 8, 2006). Led by its CEO Sam Palmisano, IBM is reaching out to its worldwide workforce, calling on family and friends and business associates and inviting them to participate in a world Innovation JAM. IBM has brought together over 104,000 participants in a marathon 76 hour online session in the hopes of linking ideas and technologies that will lead to new business for IBM, help to solve societal problems and maybe revolutionize industry. The technologies that IBM used as its started set were from its worldwide Research centers. These included Biometric Authentication which uses Secure Identity Cards with your biometric information as a way to protect you against identity theft. There's Communication Pattern Analysis with Collaborative Organizational Analysis technology that analyzes communications within a company to both uncover internal patterns and identify potential changes that can be made to improve the organization's efficiency. And the last example is Super Simulations. These are systems like IBM's Blue Gene that are able to handle very sophisticated mathematical models that use real-time streams of real-world data to simulate everything from the weather to biological processes, and allow us to begin making predictions about real-world behaviors. The JAM is the latest in IBM's continuing efforts to create a culture of innovative thinking in its company. But that's only one of the ways IBM thinks about Innovation There are others.
A Sequential Vehicle Classifier for Infrared Video using Multinomial Pattern Matching
Authors: Mark W. Koch, Kevin T. Malone
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshop (2006)

Vehicle classification is a challenging problem, since vehicles can take on many different appearances and sizes due to their form and function, and the viewing conditions. The low resolution of uncooled-infrared video and the large variability of naturally occurring environmental conditions can make this an even more difficult problem. We develop a multilook fusion approach for improving the performance of a single look system. Our single look approach is based on extracting a signature consisting of a histogram of gradient orientations from a set of regions covering the moving object. We use the multinomial pattern matching algorithm to match the signature to a database of learned signatures. To combine the match scores of multiple signatures from a single tracked object, we use the sequential probability ratio test. Using real infrared data we show excellent classification performance, with low expected error rates, when using at least 25 looks.
Sustainable Scheduling Analysis
Authors: Sanjoy Baruah, Alan Burns
Venue: Proceedings of the 27th IEEE International Real-Time Systems Symposium (2006)

A schedulability test is defined to be sustainable if any task system deemed schedulable by the test remains so if it behaves "better" than mandated by its system specifications. We provide a formal definition of sustainability, and subject the concept to systematic analysis in the context of the uniprocessor scheduling of periodic and sporadic task systems. We argue that it is in general good engineering practice to use sustainable tests if possible, and classify common uniprocessor schedulability tests according to whether they are sustainable or not.
Design of variable and adaptive fractional order FIR differentiators
Authors: Chien-Cheng Tseng
Venue: Signal Processing (2006)

In this paper, the design problems of variable and adaptive fractional order finite impulse response (FIR) differentiators are investigated. First, the fractional differencing method and weighted least squares (WLS) approach are presented to design variable fractional order differentiators which can be implemented by the efficient Farrow structure. Next, an adaptive fractional order differentiator is developed and applied to estimate the parameters of 1/f noise from the finite observation data set. The parameters are updated by using least mean squares (LMS) adaptive algorithm. Finally, the variable fractional order differentiator is used to reduce the error rate of handwritten signature verification system.
Robust Rule-Based Prediction
Authors: Jiuyong Li
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering (2006)

This paper studies a problem of robust rule-based classification, i.e., making predictions in the presence of missing values in data. This study differs from other missing value handling research in that it does not handle missing values but builds a rule-based classification model to tolerate missing values. Based on a commonly used rule-based classification model, we characterize the robustness of a hierarchy of rule sets as k{\hbox{-}}{\rm{optimal}} rule sets with the decreasing size corresponding to the decreasing robustness. We build classifiers based on k{\hbox{-}}{\rm{optimal}} rule sets and show experimentally that they are more robust than some benchmark rule-based classifiers, such as C4.5rules and CBA. We also show that the proposed approach is better than two well-known missing value handling methods for missing values in test data.
A Fuzzy Anomaly Detection Algorithm for IPv6
Authors: Li Yao, Li ZhiTang, Liu Shuyu
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Semantics, Knowledge, and Grid (2006)

To accomplish the anomaly detection based on IPv6, genetic algo-rithm can used as a efficacious rules generation technology. We developed a fuzzy anomaly detection model for IPv6, using fuzzy detection anomaly algorithm with negative selection inspired by biol-ogy and propose a fuzzy anomaly detec-tion rules generation technology for IPv6 using genetic algorithm. Using the CERNET2 backbone traffic, this paper tested the performance of the algorithm. The result shows that the proposed system can detect most of IPv6 attacks.
A Workflow-Based Web Service Composition System
Authors: E. Karakoc, K. Kardas, P. Senkul
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE/WIC/ACM international conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology (2006)

In this work, we present a web service composition system that provides an environment for specifying the flow model of the composite service and the user's constraints on the composite service. We adopt our previous work on workflow modeling and scheduling under resource allocation constraints for web service composition and extend it with service discovery functionalities. In modeling the composite service, the system guides the user for selecting the relevant service types. In both guiding functionality and the service discovery phase, ontology-based semantic information of the services is utilized.
Complex Adaptive Knowledge-Flows and Workflows
Authors: J. F. Mascari
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Semantics, Knowledge, and Grid (2006)

A new paradigm in various applications areas is emerging from the convergence of Grid technologies, semiotics methodologies and knowledge applications. This convergence is enabled by the duality between knowledge providers and knowledge consumers.
Direct-manipulation animation: incorporating the haptic channel in the learning process to support middle school students in science learning and mental model acquisition
Authors: Margaret S. Chan, John B. Black
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Learning sciences (2006)

The study reported here investigated what learners need to construct and master mental models of systems. To enable learners to perform the cognitive processing needed to understand structure, purposes, and functional relations among system entities, we developed a special form of animation: Direct-manipulation animation. Furthermore, we propose a cognitive processing model that elucidates the process of learning with information presented through auditory, visual, and haptic channels. To answer our research questions, an empirical study was conducted with 157 seventh-grade public school students, who were asked to learn about Newtonian mechanics with narrative-only, narrative-and-static-visuals, or narrative-and-animation. The effect of content complexity on learning with different presentation formats was also examined. Our findings suggest that direct-manipulation animation, incorporating the haptic channel in the learning process, provided learners with proper learning experiences to reason about structural causal interactions and functional relations in systems; this in turn facilitated acquisition of mental models of systems.
Augmented reality with occlusion rendering using background-foreground segmentation and trifocal tensors
Authors: J. Ohya, K. Sengupta, R. Sharma
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 International Conference on Multimedia and Expo - Volume 1 (2003)

Over the past years, video communication has emerged as one of the most popular form of communication. Developing the technology for merging the real and virtual image streams and 3D models for better communication is an active research topic. In this paper, we propose a novel method of real time augmentation of 3D objects in 3D scenes using trifocal tensors. The augmentation is robust to arbitrary camera motion. The proposed technique does not require camera calibration, use of fiducials and prior knowledge of structural model of the scene. Also, using background-foreground segmentation, the occlusion issue in augmented reality is addressed. We show several results of the successful working of our algorithm in real life situations. The technique works on a real time video from a USB camera, creative Webcam III on a P IV 1.6 GHz system without any special hardware support.
Visual Modeling of Behavioral Properties in the LVM for XML Using XSemantic Nets
Authors: Rajugan,  R., Elizabeth Chang, Ling Feng, Tharam S. Dillon
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th International Database Engineering and Applications Symposium (2006)

Due to the increasing dependency on self-describing, schema-based, semi-structured data (e.g. XML), there exists a need to model, design and manipulate semi-structured data and the associated semantics at a higher level of abstraction than at the instance or document level. In this paper, we extend our research and propose to visually model (at the conceptual level) and transform dynamic properties of views in the Layered View Model (LVM) using the eXtensible Semantic (XSemantic) net notation. First, we present the modeling notation and then discuss the declarative transformation to map the dynamic XML view properties to XML query expressions, namely XQuery.
Distributed disk-based algorithms for model checking very large Markov chains
Authors: Alexander Bell, Boudewijn R. Haverkort
Venue: Formal Methods in System Design (2006)

In this paper we present data structures and distributed algorithms for CSL model checking-based performance and dependability evaluation. We show that all the necessary computations are composed of series or sums of matrix-vector products. We discuss sparse storage structures for the required matrices and present efficient sequential and distributed disk-based algorithms for performing these matrix-vector products. We illustrate the effectivity of our approach in a number of case studies in which continuous-time Markov chains (generated in a distributed way from stochastic Petri net specifications) with several hundreds of millions of states are solved on a workstation cluster with 26 dual-processor nodes. We show details about the memory consumption, the solution times, and the speedup. The distributed message-passing algorithms have been implemented in a tool called PARSECS, that also takes care of the distributed Markov chain generation and that can also be used for distributed CTL model checking of Petri nets.
Body-based haptic interaction model for touch-enabled virtual environments
Authors: Hui Chen, Hanqiu Sun
Venue: Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments (2006)

In this paper, we propose a novel body-based haptic interaction model that simulates the intrinsic physical properties of the tool and virtual objects during the haptic interaction. When tracing the haptic tool interacting with objects, the body-based force evaluation model based on Hertz's contact theory including both frictional and frictionless contacts is developed in our system. Physical properties of different object materials expressed by Poisson's ratio and Young's modulus are involved to simulate the realistic touch perception between the haptic tool and objects. The neighborhood of transmitted force is dynamically determined in relation to the contact load, and a discrete solution method is applied to accelerate the computation rate of realistic haptic interaction. Our experimental results have shown satisfactory performance of the body-based haptic model we have developed while interacting in touch-enabled virtual environments.
Using OPNET to simulate an IP network
Authors: Susan Spagnola Rutherford, Steven P. Gordon
Venue: Proceedings of the 36th conference on Winter simulation (2004)

This case study focuses on simulating a 65-node private Internet Protocol (IP) network and calibrating it with an analytical model of the same network. It provides an overview of the OPNET Modeler simulation tool and a discussion of the modeling process, as well as model results and analysis. Additionally, it presents comparisons of the results between the simulation model and the analytical model. Finally, it shares some important lessons learned about the modeling process and the OPNET modeling tool.
Repetition-priming Modulates Category-related Effects on Event-related Potentials: Further Evidence for Multiple Cortical Semantic Systems
Authors: Markus Kiefer
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2005)

In the present study, the significance of category-related brain activations as an index of semantic memory structure was assessed within a repetition-priming paradigm during a lexical decision task. The interpretation of category-related effects has been debated since previous studies observed category-related brain activity mainly in tasks requiring explicit semantic categorization. Furthermore, categories were frequently associated with behavioral performance differences, which could have influenced the pattern of brain activation. Event-related potentials (ERPs) to words denoting objects from artifactual (e.g., tools) and natural categories (e.g., animals) were recorded while subjects were presented with words and pseudowords as distracters, which were repeatedly presented. Category-related ERP differences emerged in the time window of the N400, an electrophysiological index of semantic processing, over occipito-parietal and fronto-central regions as well as in the following window of a late positive potential. Repetition priming modulated these categoryrelated ERP effects whereas behavioral repetition priming (faster reactions to repeated words) was comparable for both categories. Differences in ERP repetition effects were specifically due to diminished category-related activity at repeated presentation. The present results show that category-related brain activation is not confined to tasks requiring explicit semantic categorization. Most importantly, the study demonstrates that category-related brain activation can be specifically modulated by repetition priming in the absence of corresponding behavioral performance differences. These findings therefore substantiate the significance of category-related brain activations as ref lections of semantic memory structure and support the notion of multiple cortical semantic systems.
Predicting the behaviour of the renal transplant waiting list in the Pa&iacute;s Valenci&agrave; (Spain) using simulation modeling
Authors: Juan J. Abellán, Carmen Armero, David Conesa, Jordi Pérez-Panadés, Miguel A. Martínez-Beneito, Oscar Zurriaga, María J. García-Blasco, Herme Vanaclocha
Venue: Proceedings of the 36th conference on Winter simulation (2004)

A discrete event simulation model has been set up in order to analyze the renal transplant waiting list in the Pa&iacute;s Valenci&agrave;, one of the autonomous regions in which Spain is divided. The model combines the information of the arrival of the patients onto the list and the process of donations, which also depend on the number of kidneys provided by each donor. Bayesian inference has been used to take into account the uncertainty about the parameters of the input distributions (acceptance, donation and transplantation rates). After validating the model, predictions about the future behaviour of the waiting list have been done. Results indicate a decrease in the size of the waiting list in a short and middle term. Comparison with other strategies of simulation has been done in order to confirm the problem of underestimation of the variance of the expected simulation output.
Encoding Processes during Retrieval Tasks
Authors: Randy L. Buckner, Mark E. Wheeler, Margaret A. Sheridan
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2001)

Episodic memory encoding is pervasive across many kinds of task and often arises as a secondary processing effect in tasks that do not require intentional memorization. To illustrate the pervasive nature of information processing that leads to episodic encoding, a form of incidental encoding was explored based on the "Testing" phenomenon: The incidental-encoding task was an episodic memory retrieval task. Behavioral data showed that performing a memory retrieval task was as effective as intentional instructions at promoting episodic encoding. During fMRI imaging, subjects viewed old and new words and indicated whether they remembered them. Relevant to encoding, the fate of the new words was examined using a second, surprise test of recognition after the imaging session. fMRI analysis of those new words that were later remembered revealed greater activity in left frontal regions than those that were later forgotten - the same pattern of results as previously observed for traditional incidental and intentional episodic encoding tasks. This finding may offer a partial explanation for why repeated testing improves memory performance. Furthermore, the observation of correlates of episodic memory encoding during retrieval tasks challenges some interpretations that arise from direct comparisons between "encoding tasks" and "retrieval tasks" in imaging data. Encoding processes and their neural correlates may arise in many tasks, even those nominally labeled as retrieval tasks by the experimenter.
Sequential versus simultaneous auctions: a case study
Authors: Shaheen Fatima
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Electronic commerce: The new e-commerce: innovations for conquering current barriers, obstacles and limitations to conducting successful business on the internet (2006)

Sequential and simultaneous auctions are two important mechanisms for buying and selling multiple objects. These two mechanisms yield different outcomes (i.e., different surpluses, different revenues, and also different profits to the winning bidders). Given this, we compare the outcomes for the sequential and simultaneous mechanisms for the following scenario. There are multiple similar objects for sale, each object is sold in a separate auction, and each bidder needs only one object. Furthermore, each object has both common and private value components and bidders are uncertain about these values. We first determine the equilibrium bidding strategies for each individual auction for the simultaneous and sequential cases. We do this for the English auction rules, the first-price sealed bid rules, and the second-price sealed bid rules. We then consider the case where the private and common values have a uniform distribution and compare the two mechanisms in terms of a bidder's ex-ante expected profit, the auctioneer's expected cumulative revenue, and the expected cumulative surplus. Our study shows that, for all the three auction rules, the expected cumulative surplus and the auctioneer's expected cumulative revenue is higher for the sequential mechanism. However, the mechanism that generates a higher ex-ante expected profit for the bidders depends on the number of objects being auctioned and the number of participating bidders, and it is sometimes higher for sequential mechanism and sometimes for the simultaneous one.
Incorporating Network Connectivity Analysis in Maintenance Planning
Authors: Meng-Lai Yin, Rafael R. Arellano
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th Pacific Rim International Symposium on Dependable Computing (2006)

This study is motivated by the unexpected failure of a network-based system during the performance of corrective maintenance. This incident highlights the importance of incorporating network connectivity analysis in maintenance planning. This study shows that it is crucial to consider network connectivity when planning maintenance. Procedures to conduct maintenance planning with network connectivity consideration is proposed and discussed.
A meta-heuristic based on simulated annealing for solving multiple-objective problems in simulation optimization
Authors: Eduardo A. Avello, Felipe F. Baesler, Reinaldo J. Moraga
Venue: Proceedings of the 36th conference on Winter simulation (2004)

This paper presents a new meta heuristic algorithm based on the search method called simulated annealing, and its application to solving multi objective simulation optimization problems. Since the simulated annealing search method has been extensively applied as a modern heuristic to solve single objective simulation optimization problems, a modification to this method has been developed in order to solve multi objective problems. The efficiency of this new algorithm was tested on a real case problem modeled under discrete simulation.