ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Segmentation of vehicles and pedestrians in traffic scene by spatio-temporal Markov random field model
Authors: S. Kamijo, M. Sakauchi
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 International Conference on Multimedia and Expo - Volume 1 (2003)

For a long period, object tracking in images has suffered from occlusion problem. In order to resolve occlusion problems, we proposed the spatio-temporal Markov random field model for segmentation of spatio-temporal images in 2000. This S-T MRF optimizes the segmentation boundaries of occluded objects and their motion vectors simultaneously, by referring to textures and segment labeling correlations along the temporal axis, as well as the spatial axes. As a result, tracking moving objects became very successful against occlusion. Since then, the S-T MRF model has been practically applied to vehicle tracking to reveal good results against occlusion. However, the S-T MRF model was defined to be a general model for the segmentation of spatio-temporal images, and the model is independent of shape models of target objects. Therefore, in addition to solid objects such as vehicles, the model would be effective for tracking flexible objects such as pedestrians against occlusion and clutter situation. As a result in this paper, the S-T MRF model was proved to be effective for segmentation of traffic scene which is cluttered by vehicles and pedestrians.
Methodology for the iterative evaluation of prototype head-mounted displays in virtual environments: visual acuity metrics
Authors: Cali Fidopiastis, Christopher Fuhrman, Catherine Meyer, Jannick Rolland
Venue: Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments (2005)

Head-mounted display design is an iterative process. As such, a standardized user-centered assessment protocol of head-mounted performance during each phase of prototype development should be employed. In this paper, we first describe a methodology for assessing prototype head-mounted displays and virtual environments using visual performance metrics. We then present an application of the methodology using a prototype of a projection head-mounted display and the first module of our assessment: resolution visual acuity as a function of contrast. To evaluate the total system, we also used three different light levels and two different types of projection materials. Results from both studies indicate that the visual acuity metric resolution accurately identified reductions in user visual acuity caused by parameters of the projection display and those of the phase conjugate material. Results further support the need for benchmark metrics that allow comparison of prototype head-mounted performance through each stage of design.
Applying Brightness Information in Satellite Image Data Search using Distributed Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Kei Katayama, Kenneth J.Mackin, Kotaro Matsushita, Eiji Nunohiro
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 International Conference on Hybrid Information Technology - Volume 02 (2006)

Tokyo University of Information Sciences maintains and distributes MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) satellite data as part of the research output for Frontier project. An intelligent image search system is being developed as part of the project, in order to retrieve requested images such as matching images patterns or forest and field fires extraction. The intelligent image search system applies genetic algorithm (GA) in the search algorithm. When searching for a target image area within the MODIS image database, it is possible that the search algorithm cannot match the optimal location when the brightness of the search image data and MODIS data image are very different. In order to solve this problem, we extended the search algorithm by implementing brightness information in the GA chromosome, so that brightness is adjusted within the GA image search. Further, we implemented the image search as distributed genetic algorithm search over a PC cluster network, in order to increase the search speed within the satellite image database. We tested the proposed system and verified the effectiveness of distributed genetic algorithm for the distributed MODIS satellite database search process.
Testing Hierarchical Network-on-Chip Systems with Hard Cores Using Bandwidth Matching and On-Chip Variable Clocking
Authors: Chunsheng Liu
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th Asian Test Symposium (2006)

In this paper, we present a testing scheme for hierarchical Network-on-a-Chip (NoC) system consisting of hard embedded cores using bandwidth matching. We show how bandwidth matching and on-chip clocking techniques can be used in NoC to adapt the hard cores to the network channel width. We use a cost function to represent the tradeoff between test time and area overhead. In case of a hierarchical architecture, we show that various configurations of a core can be modelled as a set of rectangles and rectangle packing can be used for optimized TAM design. Experimental results show that the proposed method can significantly reduce the overall cost.
Automated reasoning in quantified modal and temporal logics
Authors: Claudio Castellini
Venue: AI Communications (2006)

This paper is a summary of the author's PhD thesis, concerned with automated reasoning in quantified modal and temporal logics. The relevant contributions are: (i) a sound and complete set of sequent calculi for quantified modal logics is devised; (ii) the approach is extended to the quantified temporal logic of linear, discrete time and a framework for doing automated reasoning via Proof Planning in it is developed; (iii) a set of promising experimental results is shown, obtained by applying the framework to the problem of Feature Interactions in telecommunication systems.
Modeling hippocampal theta oscillation: Applications in neuropharmacology and robot navigation: Research Articles
Authors: Tamás Kiss, Gergő Orbán, Péter Érdi
Venue: International Journal of Intelligent Systems (2006)

This article introduces a biologically realistic mathematical, computational model of theta (&ap;5 Hz) rhythm generation in the hippocampal CA1 region and some of its possible further applications in drug discovery and in robotic&#x002F;computational models of navigation. The model shown here uses the conductance-based description of nerve cells: Populations of basket cells, alveus&#x002F;lacunosum-moleculare interneurons, and pyramidal cells are used to model the hippocampal CA1 and a fast-spiking GABAergic interneuron population for modeling the septal influence. Results of the model show that the septo-hippocampal feedback loop is capable of robust theta rhythm generation due to proper timing of pyramidal cells and synchronization within the basket cell network via recurrent connections. &copy; 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Int Syst 21: 903&ndash;917, 2006.
Power-Aware Test Data Compression for Embedded IP Cores
Authors: N. Badereddine, Z. Wang, P. Girard, K. Chakrabarty, S. Pravossoudovitch, C. Landrault
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th Asian Test Symposium (2006)

Scan architectures, though widely used in modern designs for testing purpose, are expensive in test data volume and power consumption. To solve these problems, we propose in this paper to modify an existing test data compression technique [1] so that it can simultaneously address test data volume and power consumption reduction for scan testing of embedded Intellectual Property (IP) cores. Compared to the initial solution that fill don't-care bits with the aim of reducing only test data volume, here the assignment is performed to minimize also the power consumption. The proposed power-aware test data compression technique is applied to the ISCAS'89 and ITC'99 benchmark circuits and on a number of industrial circuits. Results show that up to 20x reduction in test data volume and 95% test power reduction can be obtained simultaneously.
Building Reconfigurable Component-Based OS with THINK
Authors: Juraj Polakovic, Ali Erdem Ozcan, Jean-Bernard Stefani
Venue: Proceedings of the 32nd EUROMICRO Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications (2006)

Dynamic reconfiguration allows modifying a system during its execution, and can be used to apply patches and updates, to implement adaptive systems, dynamic instrumentation, or to support third-party modules. Dynamic reconfiguration is important in embedded systems, where one does not necessarily have the luxury to stop a running system. While several proposals have been presented in the literature supporting dynamic reconfiguration in operating system kernels, these proposals in general hardwire a fixed reconfiguration mechanism, which may be far from optimal in certain configurations. In this paper, we present a software-architecture-based approach to the construction of operating systems, and we show that it allows us 1/ to support different mechanisms for dynamic reconfiguration, and 2/ to select between them at build time, with little or no changes in operating system and application components. Our approach relies on the use of a reflective component model and of its associated architecture description language.
Neurobiological Evidence for Abstract Phonological Representations in the Mental Lexicon during Speech Recognition
Authors: Carsten Eulitz, Aditi Lahiri
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2004)

A central issue in speech recognition is how contrastive phonemic information is stored in the mental lexicon. The conventional view assumes that this information is closely related to acoustic properties of speech. Considering that no word is ever pronounced alike twice and that the brain has limited capacities to manage information, an opposing view proposes abstract underspecified representations where not all phonemic features are stored. We examined this proposal using event-related brain potentials, in particular mismatch negativity (MMN), an automatic change detection response in the brain that is sensitive to language-specific phoneme representations. In the current study, vowel pairs were presented to subjects, reversed as standard and deviant. Models not assuming underspecification predict equal MMNs for vowel pairs regardless of the reversal. In contrast, enhanced and earlier MMNs were observed for those conditions where the standard is not phonologically underspecified in the mental representation. This provides the first neurobiological evidence for a featurally underspecified mental lexicon.
Enhancing wireless video streaming using lightweight approximate authentication
Authors: Gábor Fehér
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd ACM international workshop on Quality of service security for wireless and mobile networks (2006)

In this paper we propose a novel lightweight approximate authentication algorithm that provides efficient protection for wireless video streaming where bit errors are frequent. The benefits of the proposed algorithm over other algorithms are fast execution, due to its simplicity, and small message authentication code size. The algorithm is capable of detecting even a small number of bit errors in relatively small packets that are used in video streaming. These features have never previously been available at the same time. Another benefit of the approximate authentication is that it supports error resilient video decoding by dropping packets with too many bit errors, thus improving the perceived quality of the video stream. The performance of the algorithm is demonstrated via simulations and measurements
A Model-Based Awareness Tool for Synchronous Collaborative Sessions
Authors: L. M. Rodriguez Peralta, A. M. Goncalves Silva
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Computing (2006)

Awareness describes the knowledge acquired by a member of a collaborative session about the activities of the other members of this session. This paper presents the mains aspects of the development of an awareness tool based on an information-oriented coordination model for synchronous collaboration sessions. This tool is supported by an adaptive layered architecture which is based on collaborative extensions of Java language, Java 3D and XML possibilities in terms of data structuring. The application field is related to the execution of a project review for the distributed collaborative design, which is applied to a spatial-domain scenario from the European project DSE (Distributed System Engineering).
Correction of the vocal signal distorted by additive noise
Authors: A. S. Kolokolov
Venue: Automation and Remote Control (2006)

Proposed was a method of vocal signal correction by processing its short-period amplitude logarithmic spectrum, which makes it possible to reduce the additive noise component. The method suits for speech preprocessing, analysis, and recognition. The results of applying it to concrete vocal signals were presented.
Update Sequences in Generalised Answer Set Programming Based on Structural Properties
Authors: J. C. Acosta Guadarrama, Jurgen Dix, Mauricio Osorio Galindo
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth Mexican International Conference on Artificial Intelligence (2006)

Revising and updating beliefs and knowledge bases is an important topic in knowledge representation and reasoning. Various proposals have been made for updating logic programs, in particular with respect to Answer Set Programming. So far, most of these approaches are based on a Causal Rejection Principle. However, we show that this may result in an unintuitive behaviour. Accordingly, we propose a new update semantics for sequences of logic programs to avoid these problems. We also show that our approach satisfies several structural properties, derived from the two logics our framework is based upon. In addition, we introduce two new properties: Weak Irrelevance of Syntax and Strong Consistency: we suggest that these should also hold for an update semantics that is well-behaved.
Statistical analysis of true and extraneous mode estimates for the TLS-Prony algorithm
Authors: W. M. Steedly, C.-H. J. Ying, R. L. Moses
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1993. ICASSP-93 Vol 4., 1993 IEEE International Conference on - Volume 04 (1993)

The authors present a statistical analysis of the poles and amplitude coefficients estimated using a total least squares (TLS)-Prony method where signals consist of arbitrary damped exponential terms in noise. Both the true and extraneous modes are considered in the analysis. The derivation for this procedure is based on a first order perturbation analysis; thus the analysis assumes high SNR. The complete covariance matrix for the estimated pole and amplitude coefficient parameters is derived. The statistics of the mode energies for both the true and extraneous modes are developed. To first order the distributions of the true mode energies are well approximated by Gaussian distributions, and the energies of the extraneous modes are central chi /sup 2/ distributed. The theory was verified with Monte-Carlo simulations.
Optimal intruder detection via a multiobjective evolutionary algorithm
Authors: Keith Montgomery Sullivan
Venue: Proceedings of the 36th conference on Winter simulation (2004)

The current geopolitical environment has focused attention on protecting military and civilian installations from malicious trespassers. This work examined the detection of intruders attempting to slip through a secure area undetected. Aiming to minimize the number of undetected intruders, the defenders use a combination of fixed sensors, mobile robots, and a human reaction force to evaluate each intruder. The simultaneous objectives of maximizing the number of detected intruders and minimizing overall cost, plus the unknown interactions between the three elements of the defense and the unknown shape of the state space, led to the use of a multiobjective evolutionary algorithm. For different reaction force time delays and multiple intruder formations, data was collected on the percentage of targets assessed (and the corresponding system configuration), location of assessment, time to assessment, and reaction force detection range. Our customer used this data to assist with acquisition and personnel decisions. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Electrophysiological Evidence for Reversed Lexical Repetition Effects in Language Processing
Authors: Tamara Y. Swaab, C. Christine Camblin, Peter C. Gordon
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2004)

Effects of word repetition are extremely robust, but can these effects be modulated by discourse context? We examined this in an ERP experiment that tested coreferential processing (when two expressions refer to the same person) with repeated names. ERPs were measured to repeated names and pronoun controls in two conditions: (1) In the prominent condition the repeated name or pronoun coreferred with the subject of the preceding sentence and was therefore prominent in the preceding discourse (e.g., "John went to the store after John/he . . ."); (2) in the nonprominent condition the repeated name or pronoun coreferred with a name that was embedded in a conjoined noun phrase, and was therefore nonprominent (e.g., "John and Mary went to the store after John/he . . ."). Relative to the prominent condition, the nonprominent condition always contained two extra words (e.g., "and Mary"), and the repetition lag was therefore smaller in the prominent condition. Typically, effects of repetition are larger with smaller lags. Nevertheless, the amplitude of the N400 was reduced to a coreferentially repeated name when the antecedent was nonprominent as compared to when it was prominent. No such difference was observed for the pronoun controls. Because the N400 effect reflects difficulties in lexical integration, this shows that the difficulty of achieving coreference with a name increased with the prominence of the referent. This finding is the reverse of repetition lag effects on N400 previously found with word lists, and shows that language context can override general memory mechanisms.
Face Detection with High Precision Based on Radial-Symmetry Transform and Eye-Pair Checking
Authors: Yea-Shuan Huang, Hao-ying Cheng, Po-Feng Cheng, Cheng-Yuan Tang
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Video and Signal Based Surveillance (2006)

In this paper, a novel face detection algorithm is proposed which can detect both face and eye pupils efficiently at the same time. Interestingly, the results of face detection can be used to identify the regions of interest for pupil detection, and the results of pupil detection can be further contributed to detect more precise faces. A cascaded face filter is first constructed by using an adaboosting algorithm, which can rapidly filter out the non-face regions and keeps the possible face regions. Based on a radial-symmetry transform, the signal of eye pupil in a face candidate is considerably enhanced and becomes easy to detect. With an eye-pair checking process, the two pupil candidates are chosen as the outputted pupils if their corresponding face image obtains the highest verification score which is also larger than a predefined threshold. Experiments on the famous BioID face database have shown that 90.0% of faces can be successfully detected, and among the detected faces about 98% of eye pupils are detected with highly acceptable precision.
A model for the interaction of oscillations and pattern generation with real-time computing in generic neural microcircuit models
Authors: Alexander Kaske, Wolfgang Maass
Venue: Neural Networks (2006)

It is shown that real-time computations on spike patterns and temporal integration of information in neural microcircuit models are compatible with potentially descruptive additional inputs such as oscillations. A minor change in the connection statistics of such circuits (making synaptic connections to more distal target neurons more likely for excitatory than for inhibitory neurons) endows such generic neural microcircuit model with the ability to generate periodic patterns autonomously. We show that such pattern generation can also be multiplexed with pattern classification and temporal integration of information in the same neural circuit. These results can be interpreted as showing that periodic activity provides a second channel for communication in neural systems which can be used to synchronize or coordinate spatially separated processes, without encumbering local real-time computations on spike trains in diverse neural circuits.
Simulation environment to assess technology insertion impact and optimized manning
Authors: Niraj Srivastava, Frank Pietryka, Gary Horne, Mark Theroff
Venue: Proceedings of the 37th conference on Winter simulation (2005)

The reduction in life-cycle costs for Naval vessels is critical for operating a cost efficient and robust Navy. Computer based simulations are an effective tool for human system integration optimization, as well as for studying the risks associated with complex interaction between crew and systems. The proposed modular simulation environment empowers analysts to choose and integrate the best combination of agent, discrete event, and physics based simulations to address questions of manning. The environment embraces advances in complexity theory for simulating non-linear systems, knowledge discovery for data analysis and distributed computing for execution environment.
Controllability of open quantum systems: The two level case
Authors: C. Altafini
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 International Conference on Physics and Control - Volume 3 (2003)

We study the quantum Markovian master equation for a two level system in presence of coherent control. We show that its behavior is essentially determined by the complete positivity assumption of the quantum dynamical semigroup and that unitary control cannot modify its irreversibility character. Control theory provides several controllability-type condition's able to capture the peculiarity of such driven system.
Clayworks: A System for Collaborative Real-Time Modeling and High-Performance Simulation
Authors: Jens Muller, Martin Alt, Jan Dunnweber, Sergei Gorlatch
Venue: Proceedings of the Second IEEE International Conference on e-Science and Grid Computing (2006)

Clayworks is a software system which integrates collaborative real-time modeling and distributed computing. It addresses the challenge of developing a collaborative workspace with a seamless access to high-performance servers. Clayworks allows modeling of virtual clay objects and running computation-intensive deformation simulations for objects crashing into each other. To integrate heterogeneous computational resources, we adopted modern Grid middleware and provided the users with an intuitive graphical interface. We parallelized the computation of simulations using a Higher-Order Component (HOC) which abstracts over the Globus Web service resource framework (WSRF) used to interconnect our worksuite to the computation server. Clayworks is a representative of a large class of demanding systems which combine collaborative modeling with performance-critical computations, e.g., crash-tests or simulations for biological population evolution.