ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
The Influence of External-Regulation on Student Generated Questions during Hypermedia Learning
Authors: Jeremiah Sullins, Roger Azevedo, Andrew Trousdale, Jennifer Scott
Venue: Proceeding of the 2007 conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education: Building Technology Rich Learning Contexts That Work (2007)

The study examined the differences in the frequency and quality of student generated questions while using a hypermedia environment. We also examined what specific self-regulatory processes were present prior and following student generated questions. The experiment involved 20 college students from a larger study and categorized them into two separated groups. One group, which was called low shifters, contained participants who had mental model shifts from one to five out of a possible twelve, regardless of whether they started with low or high mental models. The second group, which was called high shifters, contained participants who had mental model shifts above five out of a possible twelve, regardless of whether they started with low or high mental models. Analysis revealed that there were no significant differences in the raw number of questions asked between the participants in the low shifters group and those in the high shifters group. Additional analysis also found that there were no significant differences in the amount of “deep” or “shallow” questions asked by participants in the two groups. In addition, we discovered that there was a significant difference in the specific self-regulatory processes that were used by the high shifters following the generation of a question. More specifically, the role of metacognitive processes is key to understanding the nature of question-generation during tutoring. We propose several implications for the design of intelligent learning environments (ILEs).
IsoRankN
Authors: Chung-Shou Liao, Kanghao Lu, Michael Baym, Rohit Singh, Bonnie Berger
Venue: Bioinformatics (2009)

Motivation: With the increasing availability of large protein–protein interaction networks, the question of protein network alignment is becoming central to systems biology. Network alignment is further delineated into two sub-problems: local alignment, to find small conserved motifs across networks, and global alignment, which attempts to find a best mapping between all nodes of the two networks. In this article, our aim is to improve upon existing global alignment results. Better network alignment will enable, among other things, more accurate identification of functional orthologs across species. Results: We introduce IsoRankN (IsoRank-Nibble) a global multiple-network alignment tool based on spectral clustering on the induced graph of pairwise alignment scores. IsoRankN outperforms existing algorithms for global network alignment in coverage and consistency on multiple alignments of the five available eukaryotic networks. Being based on spectral methods, IsoRankN is both error tolerant and computationally efficient. Availability: Our software is available freely for non-commercial purposes on request from: http://isorank.csail.mit.edu/ Contact: bab@mit.edu
The Art of IT Management of the New Literate CIO Leader
Authors: Eugenio Orlandi
Venue:  (2007)

'A lesson from chronicles and history that no IT guru, consultant or business school will ever tell you.' The majority of the books on Information Technology (IT) Management deal with mastering techniques. Some stress the importance of change management, ethics, and cultural differences but few assign space to the irrational or emotional side of every organisation: the influence of personal interests, politics, pressures, desires, dreams of stakeholders and competitors. In most, decision making seems a totally rational process, uninfluenced by emotions like fear (of change), uncertainty, doubt, or envy; working conditions are ideal - managers have enough time, budget, and freedom to hire skilled and motivated persons; sponsors and users are either patient and aware of the time necessary to complete and document the project, or they are irremediably impatient, and quickly outsource everything. This book is aimed at highlighting real working conditions. The leitmotiv is current hot topics in IT: Governance and Leadership. A satisfactory answer to these issues requires a coherent narration in the form of a handbook including a general theory (Weltanschauung) of the CIO's role. The CIO's challenges - change, globalisation, outsourcing - are approached with classic general management and specific IT management techniques and models, some specifically developed by the author (The IS Unit Good Health, The Five Actors, The Five Rs, The Four Pillars). Since irony is a necessary trait for survival in today's hyper-competitive, constantly changing world, some surrealistic characters and situations (similar to the Peter's Principle or Murphy's Law) are presented: The Fakir Sect, The Managerial Killing Fields, The Short-Path Principle, The 12/24/36 Months Law. A reading from history and/or literature taken from Western and Eastern cultures completes each chapter, along with a bit of mathematics: probability, chaos and fuzzy set theories. The examples will appear familiar to people living in the USA, Europe, and Asia (China, India, and Japan). The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Fault-tolerant quantum computer architectures using hierarchies of quantum error-correcting codes
Authors: Isaac L. Chuang
Venue:  (2008)

Quantum computers have been shown to efficiently solve a class of problems for which no efficient solution is otherwise known. Physical systems can implement quantum computation, but devising realistic schemes is an extremely challenging problem largely due to the effect of noise. A quantum computer that is capable of correctly solving problems more rapidly than modern digital computers requires some use of so-called fault-tolerant components. Code-based fault-tolerance using quantum error-correcting codes is one of the most promising and versatile of the known routes for fault-tolerant quantum computation. This dissertation presents three main, new results about code-based fault-tolerant quantum computer architectures. The first result is a large new family of quantum codes that go beyond stabilizer codes, the most well-studied family of quantum codes. Our new family of codeword stabilized codes contains all known codes with optimal parameters. Furthermore, we show how to systematically find, construct, and understand such codes as a pair of codes: an additive quantum code and a classical (nonlinear) code. Second, we resolve an open question about universality of so-called transversal gates acting on stabilizer codes. Such gates are universal for classical fault-tolerant computation, but they were conjectured to be insufficient for universal fault-tolerant quantum computation. We show that transversal gates have a restricted form and prove that some important families of them cannot be quantum universal. This is strong evidence that so-called quantum software is necessary to achieve universality, and, therefore, fault-tolerant quantum computer architecture is fundamentally different from classical computer architecture. Finally, we partition the fault-tolerant design problem into levels of a hierarchy of concatenated codes and present methods, compatible with rigorous threshold theorems, for numerically evaluating these codes. The methods are applied to measure inner error-correcting code performance, as a first step toward elucidation of an effective fault-tolerant quantum computer architecture that uses no more than a physical, inner, and outer level of coding. Of the inner codes, the Golay code gives the highest pseudothreshold of 2 &times; 10-3. A comparison of logical error rate and overhead shows that the Bacon-Shor codes are competitive with Knill's C 4/C6 scheme at a base error rate of 10 -4. (Copies available exclusively from MIT Libraries, Rm. 14-0551, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307. Ph. 617-253-5668; Fax 617-253-1690.)
Methodologies to evolve formal specifications through refinement and retrenchment in an analysis&#x2013;revision cycle
Authors: Jorge Garc&#x00ed;a-Duque, Jos&#x00e9; J. Pazos-Arias, Mart&#x00ed;n L&#x00f3;pez-Nores, Yolanda Blanco-Fern&#x00e1;ndez, Ana Fern&#x00e1;ndez-Vilas, Rebeca P. D&#x00ed;az-Redondo, Manuel Ramos-Cabrer, Alberto Gil-Solla
Venue: Requirements Engineering (2009)

The development of requirement specifications is done by accumulating knowledge about the desired systems in a progressive manner. This process can be supported by an analysis&#x2013;revision cycle, in which the analysis phase checks the correctness of a given specification, and the revision phase modifies it, in case some problems are detected. To date, the analysis and revision activities have been typically considered in isolation, resulting in ineffective support to the stakeholders&#x2019; work. In response to that, this article introduces methodologies to conduct an interactive and integrated approach, grounded on the formalization of two basic types of evolutions (refinements and retrenchments) over multi-valued specification and modeling formalisms. Evaluation results are included to show that this approach can indeed help the stakeholders identify and clarify requirements through different stages of development.
Subontology-Based Resource Management for Web-Based e-Learning
Authors: Zhaohui Wu, Yuxin Mao, Huajun Chen
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering (2009)

Recent advances in Web and information technologies have resulted in many e-learning resources. There is an emerging requirement to manage and reuse relevant resources together to achieve on-demand e-learning in the Web. Ontologies have become a key technology for enabling semantic-driven resource management. We argue that to meet the requirements of semantic-based resource management for Web-based e-learning, one should go beyond using domain ontologies statically. In this paper, we provide a semantic mapping mechanism to integrate e-learning databases by using ontology semantics. Heterogeneous e-learning databases can be integrated under a mediated ontology. Taking into account the locality of resource reuse, we propose to represent context-specific portions from the whole ontology as subontologies. We present a subontology-based approach for resource reuse by using an evolutionary algorithm. We also conduct simulation experiments to evaluate the approach with a traditional Chinese medicine e--learning scenario and obtain promising results.
Just-In-Time compilation on ARM processors
Authors: Michele Tartara, Simone Campanoni, Giovanni Agosta, Stefano Crespi Reghizzi
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th workshop on the Implementation, Compilation, Optimization of Object-Oriented Languages and Programming Systems (2009)

This paper presents a Just-In-Time compilation system for ARM processors. The complete architecture is described, starting from static compilation of the sources into CIL (Common Intermediate Language) bytecode. The intermediate languages that are used are explained, together with the instuction selection and code generation techiniques. Finally, some experimental results are presented, comparing them with those of our best open source competitor: Mono.
Classifying Scenarios with Differential Scenario
Authors: Atsushi Ohnishi
Venue: Proceeding of the 2008 conference on Knowledge-Based Software Engineering: Proceedings of the Eighth Joint Conference on Knowledge-Based Software Engineering (2008)

A visually classification method of scenarios using differential information between normal scenarios is presented. Behaviors of normal scenarios of similar purposes belonging to the same problem domain resemble each other. We derive the differential information, named differential scenario, from such normal scenarios and apply the differential scenario in order to classify scenarios. Our method will be illustrated with examples. This paper describes (1) a language for describing scenarios based on a case grammar of actions, (2) an introduction of the differential scenario, and (3) a method of visualizing scenario classification named Scenario Map using the differential scenario.
Practical Data Management among Learning-Support Systems
Authors: Kenji Matsuura, Kazuhide Kanenishi, Yasuo Miyoshi, Yoneo Yano
Venue: Proceeding of the 2007 conference on Supporting Learning Flow through Integrative Technologies (2007)

Present faculty members have to remember lots of account information for the independent on-line systems respectively. In such cumbersome situations, campus information management becomes one of main concerns of a center for information processing and network management at the university. The basic idea to solve this matter is to introduce the unified authentication service for the first step. Next step is to provide the portal service as a front-end application for all the people and relevant systems in the university. Tokushima University has officially installed the campus portal service to deliver the individual information with the multiple authentication services. In designing campus portal service with such authentication environments, this paper proposes three layer model including user-application layer, meta-information layer and directory-service layer. We have already managed the campus portal service for more than two year.
An Adaptive and Memory Efficient Algorithm for Genotype Imputation
Authors: Hyun Min Kang, Noah A. Zaitlen, Buhm Han, Eleazar Eskin
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th Annual International Conference on Research in Computational Molecular Biology (2009)

Genome wide association studies have proven to be a highly successful method for identification of genetic loci for complex phenotypes in both humans and model organisms. These large scale studies rely on the collection of hundreds of thousands of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across the genome. Standard high-throughput genotyping technologies capture only a fraction of the total genetic variation. Recent efforts have shown that it is possible to "impute" with high accuracy the genotypes of SNPs that are not collected in the study provided that they are present in a reference data set which contains both SNPs collected in the study as well as other SNPs. We here introduce a novel HMM based technique to solve the imputation problem that addresses several shortcomings of existing methods. First, our method is adaptive which lets it estimate population genetic parameters from the data and be applied to model organisms that have very different evolutionary histories. Compared to traditional methods, our method is up to ten times more accurate on model organisms such as mouse. Second, our algorithm scales in memory usage in the number of collected markers as opposed to the number of known SNPs. This issue is very relevant due to the size of the reference data sets currently being generated. We compare our method over mouse and human data sets to existing methods and show that each has either comparable or better performance and much lower memory usage. The method is available for download at http://genetics.cs.ucla.edu/eminim .
International on-line reciprocal peer tutoring to promote modern language development in primary schools
Authors: Allen Thurston, David Duran, Erika Cunningham, Silvia Blanch, Keith Topping
Venue: Computers Education (2009)

The paper reports data from an on-line peer tutoring project. In the project 78, 9-12-year-old students from Scotland and Catalonia peer tutored each other in English and Spanish via a managed on-line environment. Significant gains in first language (Catalonian pupils) modern language (Scottish pupils) and attitudes towards modern languages (both Catalonian and Scottish pupils) were reported for the experimental group as compared to the control group. Results indicated that pupils tutored each other in using Piagetian techniques of error correction during the project. Error correction provided by tutors to tutees focussed on morph syntaxys, more specifically the correction of verbs. Peer support provided via the on-line environment was predominantly based on the tutor giving the right answer to the tutee. High rates of impact on tutee corrected messages were observed. The implications for peer tutoring initiative taking place via on-line environments are discussed. Implications for policy and practice are explored.
How effective is Google's translation service in search?
Authors: Jacques Savoy, Ljiljana Dolamic
Venue: Communications of the ACM (2009)

Introduction In multilingual countries (Canada, Hong Kong, India, among others) and large international organizations or companies (such as, WTO, European Parliament), and among Web users in general, accessing information written in other languages has become a real need (news, hotel or airline reservations, or government information, statistics). While some users are bilingual, others can read documents written in another language but cannot formulate a query to search it, or at least cannot provide reliable search terms in a form comparable to those found in the documents being searched. There are also many monolingual users who may want to retrieve documents in another language and then have them translated into their own language, either manually or automatically. Translation services may however be too expensive, not readily accessible or not available within a short timeframe. On the other hand, many documents contain non-textual information such as images, videos and statistics that do not need translation and can be understood regardless of the language involved. In response to these needs and in order to make the Web universally available regardless of any language barriers, in May 2007 Google launched a translation service that now provides two-way online translation services mainly between English and 41 other languages, for example, Arabic, simplified and traditional Chinese, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese, Russian, and Spanish (http://translate.google.com/). Over the last few years other free Internet translation services have been made available as for example by BabelFish (http://babel.altavista.com/) or Yahoo! (http://babelfish.yahoo.com/). These two systems are similar to that used by Google, given they are based on technology developed by Systran, one of the earliest companies to develop machine translation. Also worth mentioning here is the Promt system (also known as Reverso, http://translation2.paralink.com/), which was developed in Russia to provide mainly translation between Russian and other languages. The question we would like to address here is to what extent a translation service such as Google can produce adequate results in the language other than that being used to write the query. Although we will not evaluate translations per se we will test and analyze various systems in terms of their ability to retrieve items automatically based on a translated query. To be adequate, these tests must be done on a collection of documents written in one given language plus a series of topics (expressing user information needs) written in other languages, plus a series of relevance assessments (relevant documents for each topic).
Grain size control of (111) polycrystalline 3C-SiC films by doping used as folded-beam MEMS resonators for energy dissipation
Authors: Wen-Teng Chang, Christian Zorman
Venue: Microsystem Technologies (2009)

This manuscript presents an analysis of the energy dissipation mechanisms in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)-based, flexural-mode polycrystalline silicon carbide (SiC) lateral resonators. The grain structure with columnar (111) polycrystalline 3C-SiC was unintentionally and intentionally doped by low pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD). Device testing was conducted using a transimpedance amplifier-based circuit to measure the total quality factor. It was found that thermoelastic damping (TED) in SiC MEMS-based lateral resonators contributes only in a small way to the overall energy dissipation in these devices. In contrast, the dominant material property appears to be the grain size for lightly and heavily doped film, with smaller grain sizes correlating to higher solid internal losses. The data suggest that conductivity does not play a direct role in determining the quality factor despite the fact that an electrical measurement technique was used. In fact, the lowest quality factors were associated with the lowest resistivities.
Risk and emergency management for a HVU (high value unit) ship
Authors: Chiara Briano, Enrico Briano, Roberto Revetria
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th WSEAS international conference on System science and simulation in engineering (2008)

The authors propose the use of Modelling and Simulation (M&S) in order to study the detection probability of a HVU (High Value Unit) ship by a hostile submarine moving in a sea environment and taking into account all the parameters like speed, wind, sea conditions and so on. The authors have developed a methodology devoted to identify the detection probability of the HVU unit, accompanied by a ship in a ASW (Anti Submarine Warfare) configuration, by the submarine, which tries to sink the unit, in two different conditions: one of "Barrier Patrol", in which the ASW unit moves in both radial and tangential directions, guaranteeing the isochronism, and one of "Sprint and Drift", in which the radial component does not exist and so the ASW unit has to recalculate his position to re-establish the distance from the HVU. In the first part will be proposed the mathematical demonstration of the phenomenon, while in the second part a brief description of the model will be presented.
Pipelined Genetic Algorithm Initialized RAN Based RBF Modulation Classifier
Authors: Fuqiang Xue, Lindong Ge, Bin Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Neural Networks: Advances in Neural Networks - Part II (2009)

Partitional clustering approaches have been used in initialization of resources allocation network (RAN). However, they are sensitive to the clustering number and susceptible to local optima. This paper proposes a new RAN initialization algorithm based on pipelined genetic algorithm. It initializes the hidden layer with much less centers and improves the performance of RAN with higher clustering validity as well as parsimonious structure. Simulation results show RBF modulation classifier trained with the new algorithm can get higher accuracy.
Augmented-reality scratch: a children's authoring environment for augmented-reality experiences
Authors: Iulian Radu, Blair MacIntyre
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Interaction Design and Children (2009)

In this paper we introduce AR Scratch, the first augmented-reality (AR) authoring environment designed for children. By adding augmented-reality functionality to the Scratch programming platform, this environment allows pre-teens to create programs that mix real and virtual spaces. Children can display virtual objects on a real-world space seen through a camera, and they can control the virtual world through interactions between physical objects. This paper describes the system design process, which focused on appropriately presenting the AR technology to the typical Scratch population (children aged 8-12), as influenced by knowledge of child spatial cognition, programming expertise, and interaction metaphors. Evaluation of this environment is proposed, accompanied by results from an initial pilot study, as well as discussion of foreseeable impacts on the Scratch user community.