ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Flexible access control policy specification with constraint logic programming
Authors: Steve Barker, Peter J. Stuckey
Venue: ACM Transactions on Information and System Security (TISSEC) (2003)

We show how a range of role-based access control (RBAC) models may be usefully represented as constraint logic programs, executable logical specifications. The RBAC models that we define extend the "standard" RBAC models that are described by Sandhu et al., and enable security administrators to define a range of access policies that may include features, like denials of access and temporal authorizations, that are often useful in practice, but which are not widely supported in existing access control models. Representing access policies as constraint logic programs makes it possible to support certain policy options, constraint checks, and administrator queries that cannot be represented by using related methods (like logic programs). Representing an access control policy as a constraint logic program also enables access requests and constraint checks to be efficiently evaluated.
What's at stake in MGM v. Grokster?
Authors: Pamela Samuelson
Venue: Communications of the ACM (2004)

Seeking to balance the needs of copyright holders and technology developers.
A first-class approach to genericity
Authors: Eric Ethan Allen
Venue:  (2003)

This thesis describes how to add first-class generic types&mdash;including mixins&mdash;to strongly-typed object-oriented languages with nominal subtyping such as Java and C#. A generic type system is &ldquo;first-class&rdquo; if generic types can appear in any context where conventional types can appear. In this context, a mixin is simply a generic class that extends one of its type parameters, e.g., a class C<T> that extends T. Although mixins of this form are widely used in C++ (via templates), they are clumsy and error-prone because C++ treats mixins as syntactic abbreviations (macros), forcing each mixin instantiation to be is never separately analyzed. Our formulation of mixins using first-class genericity accommodates sound local (class-by-class) type checking. A mixin can be fully type-checked given symbol tables for each of the classes that it directly references&mdash;the same context in which Java performs incremental class compilation. To our knowledge, no previous formal analysis of first-class genericity in languages with nominal type systems has been conducted, which is surprising because nominal type systems have become predominant in mainstream object-oriented programming languages. What makes our treatment of first-class genericity particularly interesting and important is the fact that it can be added to the existing Java language without any change to the underlying Java Virtual Machine. Moreover, the extension is backward compatible with legacy Java source and class files. Although our discussion of implementation issues focuses on Java, the same implementation techniques could be applied to other object-oriented languages such as C# or Eiffel that support incremental compilation, dynamic class loading, and a static type system with nominal subtyping.
Measuring the Impact of Slow User Motion on Packet Loss and Delay over IEEE 802.11b Wireless Links
Authors: Christian Hoene, André Günther, Adam Wolisz
Venue: Proceedings of the 28th Annual IEEE International Conference on Local Computer Networks (2003)

IEEE 802.11b compliant WLAN technology isincreasingly used for cordless telephone services. Often, aWLAN phone is moved during a call. In the present paperwe explore to what extent slow user motion influences thewireless link quality. We conducted extensivemeasurements with speech over commercial WLANequipment using an experimental environment enforcingcontrolled motion. Our experiments show that - incontrast to the common assumption - an increase ofmotion speed can result in a better link quality: The packetloss rate and variance, measured after link-layerretransmissions, decreases. In addition, our measurementsdemonstrate that the modulation type, the maximal numberof retransmissions, the experimental setting, and even thequality of power supply are the dominant influences onlink quality.
N-body modelling
Authors: Donald Greenspan
Venue: Proceedings of the international conference on Computational methods in sciences and engineering (2003)

N-body problems are studied using molecules and collections of molecules, called particles. Applications are made in the spirit of molecular mechanics to primary flow and turbulent flow for water vapor, soliton collision, motion of a top, microdrop collision, stress of a slotted copper plate, contact angle of adhesion, cellular self reorganization, the bounce of an elastic ball, saddle surfaces, and elastic snap through. Numerical methodology is also developed for special relativistic motion. In the Newtonian models, methodology is developed for conservation of energy, linear momentum and angular momentum. In the relativistic case, it is shown how to calculate in the lab and rocket frames so that the numerical calculations are covariant.
Active capture: automatic direction for automatic movies
Authors: Marc Davis
Venue: Proceedings of the eleventh ACM international conference on Multimedia (2003)

Current consumer media production is laborious, tedious, and produces unsatisfying results. To address this problem, Active Capture leverages media production knowledge, computer vision and audition algorithms, and user interaction techniques to automate direction and cinematography and thus enables the automatic production of annotated, high quality, reusable media assets. Active Capture is part of a new computational media production paradigm that transforms media production from a manual mechanical process into an automated computational one that can produce mass customized and personalized media integrating video of non-actors. The implemented system automates the process of capturing a non-actor performing two simple reusable actions ("screaming" and "turning her head to look at the camera") and automatically integrates those shots into various commercials and movie trailers.
Lift and project relaxations for the matching and related polytopes
Authors: Néstor E. Aguilera, Silvia M. Bianchi, Graciela L. Nasini
Venue: Discrete Applied Mathematics (2004)

We compare lift and project methods given by Lovász and Schrijver (the N+ and N procedures) and by Balas, Ceria and Cornuéjols (the disjunctive procedure) when working on the matching, perfect matching and covering polytopes. When the underlying graph is the complete graph of n=2s + 1 nodes we obtain that the disjunctive index for all problems is s2, the N+-index for the matching and perfect matching problems is s (extending a result by Stephen and Tunçel), the N-index for the perfect matching problem is s, and the N+ and N indices for the covering problem and the N-index for the matching problem are strictly greater than s.
Knot intervals and multi-degree splines
Authors: Thomas W. Sederberg, Jianmin Zheng, Xiaowen Song
Venue: Computer Aided Geometric Design (2003)

This paper studies the merits of using knot interval notation for B-spline curves, and presents formulae in terms of knot intervals for common B-spline operations such as knot insertion, differentiation, and degree elevation. Using knot interval notation, the paper introduces MD-splines, which are B-spline-like curves that are comprised of polynomial segments of various degrees (MD stands for "multi-degree"). MD-splines are a generalization of B-spline curves in that if all curve segments in an MD-spline have the same degree, it reduces to a B-spline curve. The paper focuses on MD-splines of degree 1, 2, and 3, as well as degree 1 and n. MD-splines have local support, obey the convex hull and variation diminishing properties, and are at least Cn-1, where n is the smaller of the degrees of two adjoining curve segments.
A Note on Antireflective Boundary Conditions and Fast Deblurring Models
Authors: S. Serra-Capizzano
Venue: SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing (2003)

In a recent work Ng, Chan, and Tang introduced reflecting (Neumann) boundary conditions (BCs) for blurring models and proved that the resulting choice leads to fast algorithms for both deblurring and detecting the regularization parameters in the presence of noise. The key point is that Neumann BC matrices can be simultaneously diagonalized by the (fast) cosine transform DCT III. Here we propose antireflective BCs that can be related to $\tau$ structures, i.e., to the algebra of the matrices that can be simultaneously diagonalized by the (fast) sine transform DST I. We show that, in the generic case, this is a more natural modeling whose features are (a) a reduced analytical error since the zero (Dirichlet) BCs lead to discontinuity at the boundaries, the reflecting (Neumann) BCs lead to C0 continuity at the boundaries, while our proposal leads to C1 continuity at the boundaries; (b) fast numerical algorithms in real arithmetic for both deblurring and estimating regularization parameters. Finally, simple yet significant 1D and 2D numerical evidence is presented and discussed.
Geometrical Bijections in Discrete Lattices
Authors: Hans-Georg Carstens, Walter A. Deuber, Wolfgang Thumser, Elke Koppenrade
Venue: Combinatorics, Probability and Computing (1999)

We define uniformly spread sets as point sets in d-dimensional Euclidean space that are wobbling equivalent to the standard lattice &Zopf;d. A linear image &phi;(&Zopf;d) of &Zopf;d is shown to be uniformly spread if and only if det(&phi;) = 1. Explicit geometrical and number-theoretical constructions are given. In 2-dimensional Euclidean space we obtain bounds for the wobbling distance for rotations, shearings and stretchings that are close to optimal. Our methods also allow us to analyse the discrepancy of certain billiards. Finally, we take a look at paradoxical situations and exhibit recursive point sets that are wobbling equivalent, but not recursively so.
Integrating Practical Software Measurement and the Balanced Scorecard
Authors: David Card
Venue: Proceedings of the 27th Annual International Conference on Computer Software and Applications (2003)

This article describes the application of theconcepts of Practical Software Measurement(PSM) to satisfy the information needs ofenterprise management. In particular, it focuseson the relationship between PSM, an establishedapproach for project measurement, and theBalanced Scorecard, an established approach forenterprise measurement. The two approachesprove to be compatible and complementary.
Agents that care: investigating the effects of orientation of emotion exhibited by an embodied computer agent
Authors: Clifford Nass
Venue:  (2003)

Embodied computer agents are becoming an increasingly popular human-computer interaction technique. Often, these agents are programmed with the capacity for emotional expression. This dissertation investigates the psychological effect of emotion in agents upon users. In particular, two types of emotion were evaluated: self-oriented emotion and other-oriented, empathic emotion. Empathic emotion was found to lead to more positive ratings of the agent by users, consistent with the hypothesis that empathic emotion is inferred to reflect caring for the user. No such effect was found for the presence of self-oriented emotion. Experiment 1 compared an agent exhibiting both self-oriented and empathic emotion to an agent exhibiting self-oriented emotion only in a 2 (empathic emotion: absent vs. present) by 2 (gender dyad: male vs. female) between-subjects experiment (N = 48). Significant main effects demonstrated that the presence of empathic emotion increased users' ratings of the agent's likability, trustworthiness, and caring. In addition, caring was found to be a significant mediator of the effect of empathic emotion on both likability and trustworthiness. To ensure that the effects of empathic emotion were not due to emotion more generally, and to investigate the potential moderating effect of self-oriented emotion, Experiment 2 additionally investigated the effect of self-oriented emotion in a 2 (self-oriented emotion: absent vs. present) by 2 (empathic emotion: absent vs. present) by 2 (gender dyad: male vs. female) between-subjects experiment (N = 96). Empathic emotion was found to have a significant effect on the agent's likability, trustworthiness, and perceived caring, as well as on the user's felt support, independent of the presence of self-oriented emotion. The presence of self-oriented emotion was found to have no such effects. Implications for the design of embodied computer agents are discussed and directions for future research are suggested.
Framing leadership issues for system developers
Authors: Gayla Jo Slauson, Chad Grabow
Venue: Current issues in IT education (2003)

This chapter combines the concepts of leadership through "framing," as discussed in books such as "The Art of Framing," published in 1996 and written by Gail Fairhurst and Robert Sarr, with the development of information systems. It provides a brief explanation of the frame theory of leadership and discusses how this theory relates to information systems. The authors propose that students in management information systems degree programs need to be made aware of the leadership potential of the information systems through which members of organizations communicate. Effective use of information systems to lead people in contemporary organizations is so far lacking in curricula, and the authors hope that this chapter may begin to remedy this situation.
An empirical approach to software architectures
Authors: Dilip Soni, Robert L. Nord, Liang Hsu
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th international workshop on Software specification and design (1993)

The research community in the emerging area of software architecture has developed little consensus over the definition of architecture except that architecture is related to the structure of a system and the interaction among its components. Current efforts of building models of architecture have focused on taxonomy, description languages, and verification of architectural properties.What is missing is the focus on the pragmatic role of architecture in software development activities. We describe the state of the practice and the problems faced by architects and engineers.The challenge for the software engineering research community is to address these problems and produce scalable, practical results that will have a real impact on the developers, improving their productivity and the quality of systems they build.
Developing graduate qualities
Authors: Ann Monday, Sandra Barker
Venue: Current issues in IT education (2003)

For some time, universities have endeavored to address the shortfall in skill requirements that have been identified by prospective employers of graduates. The University of South Australia (UniSA) numbers itself among these universities and has identified a number of "graduate qualities" that are required to be developed within the curriculum. This chapter explores a case-study and role-play approach to embedding graduate qualities in an undergraduate business course that is delivered to a diverse student body studying either internally or externally, in Australia or in Hong Kong. It highlights a range of issues for successful implementation and assessment of these qualities.
Circumscribed journeys through soundscape composition
Authors: Andra McCartney
Venue: Organised Sound (2002)

The soundscape composition is the journey that circumscribes the relationship, the conversation between composer and sound sources. (Hildegard Westerkamp)Environmental sounds hold an unusual place in our imaginations. On the one hand, hey make up the often unnoticed ambiences of our daily lives: they are so much with us and surrounding us that it takes a special effort to bring them into the foreground, and pay attention to them. On the other hand, environmental sounds form a powerful conduit to memory. Hearing a particular sound or ambience can launch a chain of related memories, whether experienced consciously or working subconsciously, that reconnects us with particular places and times in our lives. It is precisely these confluences of memory, time and place that interest those who compose with soundscapes.
Media-Assisted Product and Process Traceability in Supply Chain Engineering
Authors: Matthias Jarke, Michalis Miatidis, Marcus Schlüter, Sebastian Brandt
Venue: Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 37th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'04) - Track 3 - Volume 3 (2004)

Many engineering domains involve an intricate interplay of conceptual synthesis of alternativerequirements and design configurations, preliminary impact analysis of these alternatives using complex simulations and multimedia visualizations, and human decision-making. Design traceability in such settings must be both product-oriented and process-oriented: it must enable an efficient media-based comparison of product alternatives from the current project or related experiences, and it must facilitate reuse of modeling experiences to avoid unnecessary repetition of negative experiences. We have studied these problems in a large interdisciplinary project whose aim it is to optimize supply chains linking chemical engineering, plastics engineering, and related application demands e.g. in the automotive industry. A number of novel experience reuse tools have been designed and implemented as part of a process-integrated modeling environment.
Binary-Space-Partitioned Images for Resolving Image-Based Visibility
Authors: Chi-Wing Fu, Tien-Tsin Wong, Wai-Shun Tong, Chi-Keung Tang, Andrew J. Hanson
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics (2004)

Abstract-We propose a novel 2D representation for 3D visibility sorting, the Binary-Space-Partitioned Image (BSPI), to accelerate real-time image-based rendering. BSPI is an efficient 2D realization of a 3D BSP tree, which is commonly used in computer graphics for time-critical visibility sorting. Since the overall structure of a BSP tree is encoded in a BSPI, traversing a BSPI is comparable to traversing the corresponding BSP tree. BSPI performs visibility sorting efficiently and accurately in the 2D image space by warping the reference image triangle-by-triangle instead of pixel-by-pixel. Multiple BSPIs can be combined to solve ¿disocclusion,¿ when an occluded portion of the scene becomes visible at a novel viewpoint. Our method is highly automatic, including a tensor voting preprocessing step that generates candidate image partition lines for BSPIs, filters the noisy input data by rejecting outliers, and interpolates missing information. Our system has been applied to a variety of real data, including stereo, motion, and range images.
Offline partial evaluation can be as accurate as online partial evaluation
Authors: Niels H. Christensen, Robert Glück
Venue: ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems (TOPLAS) (2004)

We show that the accuracy of online partial evaluation, or polyvariant specialization based on constant propagation, can be simulated by offline partial evaluation using a maximally polyvariant binding-time analysis. We point out that, while their accuracy is the same, online partial evaluation offers better opportunities for powerful generalization strategies. Our results are presented using a flowchart language with recursive procedures.
Using an autonomous cube for basic navigation and input
Authors: Kristof Van Laerhoven, Nicolas Villar, Albrecht Schmidt, Gerd Kortuem, Hans Gellersen
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Multimodal interfaces (2003)

This paper presents a low-cost and practical approach to achieve basic input using a tactile cube-shaped object, augmented with a set of sensors, processor, batteries and wireless communication. The algorithm we propose combines a finite state machine model incorporating prior knowledge about the symmetrical structure of the cube, with maximum likelihood estimation using multivariate Gaussians. The claim that the presented solution is cheap, fast and requires few resources, is demonstrated by implementation in a small-sized, microcontroller-driven hardware configuration with inexpensive sensors. We conclude with a few prototyped applications that aim at characterizing how the familiar and elementary shape of the cube allows it to be used as an interaction device.
Implementation of Nonstop Software Update for Client-Server Applications
Authors: Wen-Kang Wei, Kuo-Feng Ssu, Hewijin Christine Jiau
Venue: Proceedings of the 27th Annual International Conference on Computer Software and Applications (2003)

Many software systems are established using client-servermodels. If a program on the server needs to beupdated due to software maintenance, the service providedby the program will be required to terminate. The clientscannot be served until the update process is completed.The update process obviously reduces commercial profitespecially for e-commerce systems. Therefore, a nonstopsoftware update scheme is needed for high system availability.This paper develops an NSU system to update generalserver programs without stopping services. The NSU systemcan take over the task of old version using a redundantserver for updating. The system supports applications withshared variables and maintains data consistency duringsoftware update. The current implementation is designedfor Java programs running on the Linux operating system.Experimental results show that the NSU system incurredless than 1% overhead during normal execution.
Effective practices for IT skills staffing
Authors: Albert B. Schwarzkopf, Roberto J. Mejias, `Jon (Sean) Jasperson, Carol S. Saunders, Hermann Gruenwald
Venue: Communications of the ACM (2004)

How to identify, hire, and keep prized IT professionals with the skills companies need most to compete in uncertain technological and business times.
Systematic testing should not be a topic in the computer science curriculum!
Authors: Henrik Bærbak Christensen
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th annual conference on Innovation and technology in computer science education (2003)

In this paper we argue that treating "testing" as an isolated topic is a wrong approach in computer science and software engineering teaching. Instead testing should pervade practical topics and exercises in the computer science curriculum to teach students the importance of producing software of high quality. We point out that we, as teachers, are partly to blame that many software products are of low quality. We describe a set of teaching guidelines that conveys our main pedagogical point to the students: that systematic testing is important, rewarding, and fun, and that testing should be an integrated part of any software development process.
A Uni.ed SOC Test Approach Based on Test Data Compression and TAM Design
Authors: Vikram Iyengar, Anshuman Chandra
Venue: Proceedings of the 18th IEEE International Symposium on Defect and Fault Tolerance in VLSI Systems (2003)

Test access mechanism (TAM) optimization and test data compression lead to a reduction in test data volume and testing time for SOCs. In this paper, we integrate for the first time boththese approaches into a single test methodology. We show how an integrated test architecture based on TAMs and test data decoders can be designed. The proposed approach offers considerable savings in test resource requirements. Two case studies using the integrated test architecture are presented. Experimental results on test data volume reduction, savings in test application time and the low test pin overheads for a benchmark SOC demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach.
SoC Test Scheduling with Power-Time Tradeoff and Hot Spot Avoidance
Authors: James Chin, Mehrdad Nourani
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe - Volume 1 (2004)

We present a test scheduling methodology for core-based system-on-chips that can avoid hot spots and allows tradeoff between physical power dissipation and overall test time. A mixed integer linear programming formulation is presented to globally perform the power-time tradeoff, satisfy constraints, and produce the SoC test schedule.