ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Electronic window dressing: impression management with websites
Authors: Susan J. Winter, Carol Saunders, Paul Hart
Venue: European Journal of Information Systems (2003)

Businesses have embraced the Internet to reap economic advantages through the use of Websites. Most Website design guidelines fail to address issues of branding and identity formation, focusing instead on concerns adapted from previous technologies. However, many firms are not getting their desired results from the Website investments they have made following design guidelines reflecting graphic layout and system usability issues. We suggest that Websites should be considered 'electronic storefronts' or public work areas providing frames of symbolic representations that create impressions of their sponsoring firms. Our exploratory study shows that Websites influence potential customers' impressions of firms' legitimacy, innovation and caring, and that these impressions vary significantly across firms and industries. Website visitors encounter symbols that are compared to mental models stored in memory and used to form impressions of the site and to draw inferences about the firm. These inferences have previously been found to influence purchasing behavior. Designers should be cognizant of these aspects of e-Business and executives should recognize the power of Web-based impression management. Identity management must take center stage in creating a Web presence.
Crossmodal attention and multisensory integration: implications for multimodal interface design
Authors: Charles Spence
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Multimodal interfaces (2003)

One of the most important findings to emerge from the field of cognitive psychology in recent years has been the discovery that humans have a very limited ability to process incoming sensory information. In fact, contrary to many of the most influential human operator models, the latest research has shown that humans use the same limited pool of attentional resources to process the inputs arriving from each of their senses (e.g., hearing, vision, touch, smell, etc). His research calls for a radical new way of examining and understanding the senses, which has major implications for the way we design everything from household products to multimodal user interfaces. Instead, interface designers should realize that the decision to stimulate more senses actually reflects a trade-off between the benefits of utilizing additional senses and the costs associated with dividing attention between different sensory modalities. In this presentation, I will discuss some of the problems associated with dividing attention between eye and ear, as illustrated by talking on a mobile phone while driving. Charles has published more than 70 articles in scientific journals over the past decade. I hope to demonstrate that a better understanding of the senses and, especially the links between the senses that have been highlighted by recent cognitive neuroscience research, will enable interface designers to develop multimodal interfaces that more effectively stimulate the user's senses.
Audio-video array source separation for perceptual user interfaces
Authors: Kevin Wilson, Neal Checka, David Demirdjian, Trevor Darrell
Venue: Proceedings of the 2001 workshop on Perceptive user interfaces (2001)

Steerable microphone arrays provide a flexible infrastructure for audio source separation. In order for them to be used effectively in perceptual user interfaces, there must be a mechanism in place for steering the focus of the array to the sound source. Audio-only steering techniques often perform poorly in the presence of multiple sound sources or strong reverberation. Video-only techniques can achieve high spatial precision but require that the audio and video subsystems be accurately calibrated to preserve this precision. We present an audio-video localization technique that combines the benefits of the two modalities. We implement our technique in a test environment containing multiple stereo cameras and a room-sized microphone array. Our technique achieves an 8.9 dB improvement over a single far-field microphone and a 6.7 dB improvement over source separation based on video-only localization.
Managing multiple execution-time timers from a single task
Authors: Michael González Harbour, Mario Aldea Rivas
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th international workshop on Real-time Ada (2003)

A proposal for adding execution time clocks and timers to the Ada language through a new package called Ada.Real_Time.Execution_time is being considered by the ARG. In that proposal, execution time budgets can be managed through protected objects that provide an entry to detect execution time budget overruns. With that interface, a given task can only wait for one budget overrun, thus making it impossible for a single task to manage the execution time budgets of several other tasks. In this paper we propose an extension to the Execution_Time package that would allow a monitoring task to manage multiple budgets.
Object-space point blending and splatting
Authors: Renato Pajarola, Miguel Sainz, Patrick Guidotti
Venue: ACM SIGGRAPH 2003 Sketches Applications (2003)

We present a novel point-based rendering approach based on object-space point interpolation. We introduce the concept of a transformation-invariant covariance matrix of a set of points to efficiently determine splat sizes in a multiresolution hierarchy. We analyze continuous point interpolation in object-space, and define a new class of parametrized blending kernels to achieve smooth blending. Furthermore, we present a hardware accelerated rendering algorithm based on &alpha;-texture mapping and &alpha;-blending.
Forensic Analysis for Tamper Resistant Software
Authors: Hongxia Jin, Jeffery Lotspiech
Venue: Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Software Reliability Engineering (2003)

This paper concerns the protection of a software programand/or the content that the program protects. Softwarepiracy and digital media piracy have cost industries billionsof dollars each year. The success of the content/software securitytechnologies in a large part depends on the capabilityof protecting software code against tampering and detectingthe attackers who distribute the pirate copies. In this paper,we focus on the attacker detection and forensis analysis.We shall talk about a proactive detection scheme for defeatingan on-going attack before the compromise has occurred.We shall also briefly explain another detection scheme forpost-compromise attacker identification. In particular, weconsider real world scenarios where the application programsconnect with their vendors periodically, and wherea detection of attacking can bar a hacker user from furtherbusiness.
Control sequence generation in multistage fuzzy control systems for design process
Authors: Milan Milatovic, Adedeji B. Badiru
Venue: Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing (2001)

The purpose of this study is to investigate and optimize the dynamics of state transitions during a process of multistage fuzzy control systems. A variation of the methodology for solving the Vehicle Routing Problem, known as the Savings Method, is applied to finding a sequence of controls to maximize the overall performance of multistage control processes. The Savings Method has been modified into a heuristic to traverse state precedence when transitioning from one known system state to another. In addition, the procedure allows for imposing of two different types of precedences (mandatory and optional) among transition states, as well as a pair of fuzzy constraints and goals throughout each stage of the process. As the control of the system progresses, fuzzy goals may be preset or introduced interactively.
On the Number of Incidences Between Points and Curves
Authors: János Pach, Micha Sharir
Venue: Combinatorics, Probability and Computing (1998)

We apply an idea of Sz&eacute;kely to prove a general upper bound on the number of incidences between a set of m points and a set of n &lsquo;well-behaved&rsquo; curves in the plane.
Multi-Version Attack Recovery for Workflow Systems
Authors: Meng Yu, Peng Liu, Wanyu Zang
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th Annual Computer Security Applications Conference (2003)

Workflow systems are popular in daily business processing. Since vulnerabilities cannot be totally removed from asystem, recovery from successful attacks is unavoidable. Inthis paper, we focus on attacks that inject malicious tasksinto workflow management systems. We introduce practical techniques for on-line attack recovery, which includerules for locating damage and rules for execution order.In our system, an independent Intrusion Detection Systemreports identified malicious tasks periodically. The recovery system detects all damage caused by the malicious tasksand automatically repairs the damage according to dependency relations. Without multiple versions of data objects,recovery tasks may be corrupted by executing normal taskswhen we try to run damage analysis and normal tasks concurrently. This paper addresses the problem by introducing multi-version data objects to reduce unnecessary blocking of normal task execution and improve the performanceof the whole system. We analyze the integrity level and performance of our system. The analytic results demonstrateguidelines for designing such kinds of systems.
Optimization of Wave Processes in Inhomogeneous Media
Authors: A. V. Gladkii
Venue: Cybernetics and Systems Analysis (2003)

An optimal control problem for parabolic Schroedinger-type wave equation with a complex non-self conjugate operator is considered. An optimality criterion is formulated. A numerical method is proposed for solution of the optimization problem. A stability of a difference scheme is analyzed.
Exponential-fitting symplectic methods for the numerical integration of the Schr&#x00F6;dinger equation
Authors: Th. Monovasilis, Z. Kalogiratou, T. E. Simos
Venue: Proceedings of the international conference on Computational methods in sciences and engineering (2003)

The solution of the one-dimensional time-independent Schrödinger equation is considered by exponential-fitting symplectic integrators. The Schrödinger equation is first transformed into a Hamiltonian canonical equation. Numerical results are obtained for the one-dimensional harmonic oscillator and the hydrogen atom.
A Performance Study of Fast Handovers for Mobile IPv6
Authors: Marc Torrent-Moreno, Xavier Pérez-Costa, Sebastià Sallent-Ribes
Venue: Proceedings of the 28th Annual IEEE International Conference on Local Computer Networks (2003)

We conducted a simulative evaluation of the overall performanceof Fast Handovers for Mobile IPv6 in comparisonwith the baseline Mobile IPv6 using the network simulatorns-2 for a 'hot spot' deployment scenario. The simulationscenario comprises four access routers and up to 50 mobilenodes that move randomly and communicate in accordancewith the IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN standard. The studyprovides quantitative results of the QoS improvements obtainedby FMIPv6 with respect to handoff latency, packetloss rate and bandwidth per station. The simulation environmentallowed us also to investigate the behavior of theprotocol in extreme cases, e.g. under channel saturationconditions and considering different traffic sources: CBR,VoIP, Video and TCP transfers. As a complementary partof the study, the signaling load costs associated to the performanceimprovements provided by the enhancement proposalwas analysed. While some simulation results corroboratethe intention of the protocol specification, other resultsgive insights not easily gained without performing simulations.
A three-tier technology training strategy in a dynamic business environment
Authors: Albert H. Huang
Venue: Advanced topics in end user computing (2003)

As end-user training becomes increasingly important in today's technology-intensive business environment, progressive companies remain alert to find ways to provide their end users with timely training and resources. This paper describes an innovative training strategy adopted by one midsize organization to provide its end users with adequate, flexible, and responsive training. The paper then compares the three-tier strategy with other models described in technology training literature. Managers who supervise technology end users in organizations comparable to the one in the study may find the three-tier strategy workable and may want to use it in their own training programs to facilitate training and improve end-user skills. Researchers and scholars may find that the idea of three-tier training generates new opportunities for research.
Mediating Electronic Meetings
Authors: Jia Zhang, Carl K. Chang, Jen-Yao Chung
Venue: Proceedings of the 27th Annual International Conference on Computer Software and Applications (2003)

Electronic meeting control has been the focus of manyresearch efforts; however, extensively adopted standardsare still unavailable. In this paper, we present a genericmodel for electronic meeting control. Our model is basedon the formal meeting protocol commonly known as theparliamentary procedure or Robert's Rules of Order(RRO). Capturing the essential features of traditionalRRO, we suggest extension mechanisms in order toexploit the capabilities of electronic media. Centered onthe concept of a discussion thread, our extended RROmodel can handle concurrent meeting activities, multiplefloors, amendment nesting, and discussion hierarchies.M-Net, an electronic meeting system, is introduced as anexample supported by our model.
MobiPicture: browsing pictures on mobile devices
Authors: Ming-Yu Wang, Xing Xie, Wei-Ying Ma, Hong-Jiang Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the eleventh ACM international conference on Multimedia (2003)

Pictures have become increasingly common and popular in mobile communication. However, due to the limitation of mobile devices, there is a need to develop new technologies to facilitate the browsing of pictures on the small screen. MobiPicture is a prototype system which includes a set of novel features to aid or automate a set of common image browsing tasks such as the thumbnail view, set-as-background, zooming and scrolling.
On the Velocity-Pressure-Vorticity Least-Squares Mixed Finite Element Method for the 3D Stokes Equations
Authors: Huo-Yuan Duan, Guo-Ping Liang
Venue: SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis (2003)

This paper provides a new strict mathematical analysis for the velocity-pressure-vorticity least-squares methods (i.e., the standard linear element method and the Bochev--Gunzburger method) for the 3D Stokes problem with homogeneous velocity boundary condition. The analysis shows that, in general, the divergence of the vorticity does not affect the coerciveness and the accuracy. This admits the use of the edge element for the vorticity to reduce the number of whole unknowns. Moreover, the analysis also shows that, in the standard linear element method, the L2 error bound for the velocity is ${\cal O}(h^{3/2})$ generally. Numerical examples are presented.
Learning systems and their engineering: a project proposal
Authors: Valentina Plekhanova
Venue: Practicing software engineering in the 21st century (2003)

This chapter presents a project proposal that defines future work in engineering the learning processes in cognitive systems. This proposal outlines a number of directions in the fields of systems engineering, machine learning, knowledge engineering and profile theory, that lead to the development of formal methods for the modeling and engineering of learning systems. This chapter describes a framework for formalization and engineering the cognitive processes, which is based on applications of computational methods. The proposed work studies cognitive processes in software development process and considers a cognitive system as a multi-agents system of human-cognitive agents. It is important to note that this framework can be applied to different types of learning systems, and there are various techniques from different theories (e.g., system theory, quantum theory, neural networks) can be used for the description of cognitive systems, which in turn can be represented by different types of cognitive agents.
Fast Algorithms for Optimal Two-description Scalar Quantizer Design
Authors: Sorina Dumitrescu, Xiaolin Wu, Gaurav Bahl
Venue: Proceedings of the Conference on Data Compression (2004)

New efficient algorithms are presented to design globally optimal two-description quantizersof fixed rate. The optimization objective is to minimize the expected distortion at the receiverside. We formulate the problem as one of shortest path in a directed acyclic graph. The fixed rate requirement puts constraints on the number and type of edges of the shortest path, which leads to an O(K1K2N3) time design algorithm, where N is the cardinality of the source alphabet, and K1, K2 are the number of codecells, respectively, of the two side quantizers. This complexity is reducedto O(K1K2N2) by exploiting a so-called Monge property of the objective function. Furthermore, ifK1 = K2 = K and the two descriptions are subject to the same channel statistics, then the optimaldescription quantizer design problem can be solved in O(KN2) time.
Weak-convergence theory of quasi-nonnegative splittings for singular matrices
Authors: Zhong-Zhi Bai, Li Wang, Jin-Yun Yuan
Venue: Applied Numerical Mathematics (2003)

We discuss weak-convergence of the splitting methods for solving singular systems and introduce a new concept, that of the k-order quasi-nonnegative splitting. We provide equivalent formulations of this notion. Moreover, we investigate asymptotic and monotone convergence and comparison theorems for the k-order quasinonnegative splittings.
A Cycle Time Computing Algorithm and its Application in the Structural Analysis of Min-max Systems
Authors: Yiping Cheng, Da-Zhong Zheng
Venue: Discrete Event Dynamic Systems (2004)

An algorithm CalcCycleTime to compute the cycle time of min-max systems is proposed. The computation is done by first calling CalcSpectralRadius to find the spectral radius, and then recursively calling itself to compute the cycle time of the reduced system. This algorithm is found to be efficient in practice. It is also used as a theoretical tool to analyze the structure of the eigenspace of min-max systems. It is found that a partial order, which is induced from the min-max function, is the key to characterize the structure of the eigenspace of min-max functions.
Privacy Issues in Location-Aware Mobile Devices
Authors: Robert P. Minch
Venue: Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 37th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'04) - Track 5 - Volume 5 (2004)

Location awareness, the ability to determine geographical position, is an emerging technology with both significant benefits and important privacy implications for users of mobile devices such as cell phones and PDAs. Location is determined either internally by a device or externally by systems and networks with which the device interacts, and the resultant location information may be stored, used, and disclosed under various conditions that are described. Thirteen specific privacy issues are enumerated and discussed as examples of the challenges we will face as these technologies and their associated products and services are deployed.Regulation by governments, standards organizations, industry groups, public interest groups, and marketplace forces are discussed as it may help address privacy issues.
Extremal Relations between Additive Loss Functions and the Kolmogorov Complexity
Authors: V. V. V'Yugin, V. P. Maslov
Venue: Problems of Information Transmission (2003)

Conditions are presented under which the maximum of the Kolmogorov complexity (algorithmic entropy) K(&omega;1&hellip;&omega;N) is attained, given the cost \sum_{i=1}^{N} f(&omega;i) of a message &omega;1&hellip;&omega;N. Various extremal relations between the message cost and the Kolmogorov complexity are also considered; in particular, the minimization problem for the function \sum_{i=1}^{N} f(&omega;i) &minus; &thetas;K(&omega;1&hellip;&omega;N) is studied. Here, &thetas; is a parameter, called the temperature by analogy with thermodynamics. We also study domains of small variation of this function.
Communication Analysis for System-On-Chip Design
Authors: A. Siebenborn, O. Bringmann, W. Rosenstiel
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe - Volume 1 (2004)

In this paper we present an approach for analysis of systems of parallel, communicating processes for SoC design. We present a method to detect communications that synchronize the program flow of two or more processes. These synchronization points set the processes into relation and allow the determination of the global timing behavior of such a system. Using the results of our method for communication analysis, we present a new method to detect communications that might produce conflicts on shared communication resources. This information can be used for the assignment of communication resources.
Exploitation of Unlabeled Sequences in Hidden Markov Models
Authors: Masashi Inoue, Naonori Ueda
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (2003)

Abstract--This paper presents a method for effectively using unlabeled sequential data in the learning of hidden Markov models (HMMs). With the conventional approach, class labels for unlabeled data are assigned deterministically by HMMs learned from labeled data. Such labeling often becomes unreliable when the number of labeled data is small. We propose an extended Baum-Welch (EBW) algorithm in which the labeling is undertaken probabilistically and iteratively so that the labeled and unlabeled data likelihoods are improved. Unlike the conventional approach, the EBW algorithm guarantees convergence to a local maximum of the likelihood. Experimental results on gesture data and speech data show that when labeled training data are scarce, by using unlabeled data, the EBW algorithm improves the classification performance of HMMs more robustly than the conventional naive labeling (NL) approach.
Error Expansion for an Upwind Scheme Applied to a Two-Dimensional Convection-Diffusion Problem
Authors: Natalia Kopteva
Venue: SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis (2003)

We consider a singularly perturbed convection-diffusion problem in a rectangular domain. It is solved numerically using a first-order upwind finite-difference scheme on a tensor-product piecewise-uniform Shishkin mesh with $O(N)$ mesh points in each coordinate direction. It is known [G. I. Shishkin, {\it Grid Approximations of Singularly Perturbed Elliptic and Parabolic Equations}, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ural Branch, Ekaterinburg, Russia, 1992 (in Russian)] that the error is almost-first-order accurate in the maximum norm. We decompose the error into a sum of continuous almost-first-order terms and the almost-second-order residual under the assumption $\eps\le C N^{-1}$, where $\eps$ is the singular perturbation parameter and $C$ is a constant. This error expansion is applied to obtain maximum-norm error estimates for the Richardson extrapolation technique and derive bounds on the errors in approximating the derivatives of the true solution by divided differences of the computed solution. The analysis uses a decomposition of the true solution requiring fewer compatibility conditions than in earlier publications. Numerical results are presented that support our theoretical results.