ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
The ExoVM system for automatic VM and application reduction
Authors: Ben L. Titzer, Joshua Auerbach, David F. Bacon, Jens Palsberg
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 ACM SIGPLAN conference on Programming language design and implementation (2007)

Embedded systems pose unique challenges to Java application developers and virtual machine designers. Chief among these challenges is the memory footprint of both the virtual machine and the applications that run within it. With the rapidly increasing set of features provided by the Java language, virtual machine designers are often forced to build custom implementations that make various tradeoffs between the footprint of the virtual machine and the subset of the Java language and class libraries that are supported. In this paper, we present the ExoVM, a system in which an application is initialized in a fully featured virtual machine, and then the code, data, and virtual machine features necessary to execute it are packaged into a binary image. Key to this process is feature analysis, a technique for computing the reachable code and data of a Java program and its implementation inside the VM simultaneously. The ExoVM reduces the need to develop customized embedded virtual machines by reusing a single VM infrastructure and automatically eliding the implementation of unused Java features on a per-program basis. We present a constraint-based instantiation of the analysis technique, an implementation in IBM's J9 Java VM, experiments evaluating our technique for the EEMBC benchmark suite, and some discussion of the individual costs of some of Java's features. Our evaluation shows that our system can reduce the non-heap memory allocation of the virtual machine by as much as 75%. We discuss VM and language design decisions that our work shows are important in targeting embedded systems, supporting the long-term goal of a common VM infrastructure spanning from motes to large servers.
SLOSL--A Modelling Language for Topologies and Routing in Overlay Networks
Authors: Stefan Behnel
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th Euromicro International Conference on Parallel, Distributed and Network-Based Processing (2007)

Overlay networks are a fascinating field in the area of distributed systems. They combine challenges from self-organisation to extreme scalability and provide an interesting middleware layer for server-free Internet applications. The design aspects of their implementations, however, remained largely at the prototype level, which renders their integration and deployment in real applications hard. This paper describes an integrative, platform independent design approach for overlay networks that models topologies as data management systems. Local decisions about neighbours and message forwarding are expressed in an SQL-like language. The mapping to runnable implementations follows the Model Driven Architecture approach.
Factors in Multimedia Project and Process Management--Australian Survey Findings
Authors: Anne Hannington, Karl Reed
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 Australian Software Engineering Conference (2007)

During 2005 we conducted a survey of Australian Multimedia Developers to gain an understanding of current development processes. As part of this study we asked respondents about their project management practices. Fifty percent of respondents indicated they used a commercial project management tool, while thirty-two percent used an in-house or customised approach. Less than half created a project management plan for all developments and fewer still revised this plan during development. This paper presents reasons for this, along with factors considered important in predicting development effort; measures for project size and complexity; measures for media content development time and effort; and metadata for media asset archival. As the majority of the projects were relatively small, in addition to content considerations, the findings show to support this class of project a task framework that provides effective management without "over managing" is required.
Subspace analysis of state covariances
Authors: T. T. Georgiou
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 01 (2000)

The state-covariance of a linear filter imposes a generalized interpolation constraint on the power spectrum of the input. We explore this observation by first characterizing minimal line-spectra which are consistent with given state-covariance data. In particular, we present a canonical decomposition for state-covariances which is analogous to the well-known decomposition of Toeplitz matrices due to Caratheodory-Fejer and Pisarenko. Accordingly we develop subspace-based signal estimation techniques which apply to state covariances of linear filters and are analogous to MUSIC and ESPRIT. A method analogous to one due to Capon, but based on state-covariance data instead, is also presented. Finally, through a certain duality, subspace methods are shown to be useful in identifying absorption instead of emission lines in the power spectrum of the filter-input.
Real-Time Data and Analysis of the Use of Office Space
Authors: John Counsell, Marie-Cecile Puybaraud
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference Information Visualization (2007)

Ambient Intelligent Systems have been proposed for their potential to track collaborative activities in the workplace, capture them, and in real time respond to them. The longer term goal is to develop embedded technologies that provide intelligent feedback in predictable office environments but also address the unpredictable working environments of nomadic knowledge workers and of remote workers engaged in virtual collaboration with those physically present. Some of these systems are relatively close to market and others are less immediately applicable. This paper suggests that a heterogeneous mix of such systems is likely to be necessary for some time to come. A prototype real time location system for mapping the real-time location of workers in offices has been developed by Johnson Controls. During tests it has been found to positively assist in gathering information for better management of space and support of collaborative activity. This has proved to justify the costs.
A unified design framework for vector rotational CORDIC family based on angle quantization process
Authors: An-Yeu Wu
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 200. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 02 (2001)

Vector rotation is the key operation employed extensively in many digital signal processing applications. We introduce a new design concept called angle quantization (AQ). It can be used as a design index for vector rotational operation, where the rotational angle is known in advance. Based on the AQ process, we establish a unified design framework for cost-effective low-latency rotational algorithms and architectures. Several existing works, such as conventional CORDIC, AR-CORDIC, MVR-CORDIC, and EEAS-based CORDIC, can be fitted into the design framework, forming a vector rotational CORDIC family. Based on the new design framework, we can realize high-speed/low complexity rotational VLSI circuits, whereas without degrading the precision performance in fixed-point implementations.
Dynamic Provisioning of Resources in Data Centers
Authors: Bradley Simmons, Angela McCloskey, Hanan Lutfiyya
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Autonomic and Autonomous Systems (2007)

Data centers make decisions about the allocation of resources to application providers based on policies. Policies are any type of formal behavioural guide and are input to the component that makes resource allocation decisions. This paper describes a system that use policies from different source e.g., SLAs (negotiated between the application provider and the data center), and business objectives and rules (from the data center). Decisions are based on a model that integrates all the policies together. Policy changes can be accommodated without recompiling the system.
Trailblazing: A Hierarchical Approach to Percolation Scheduling
Authors: Alexandru Nicolau, Steven Novack
Venue: Proceedings of the 1993 International Conference on Parallel Processing - Volume 02 (1993)

Percolation Scheduling (PS) is a system for performing parallelizing transformations for the VLIW and super-scalar cumputation models.
Optimizing Image Content-Based Query Applications over High Latency Communication Media
Authors: Gerassimos Barlas
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th Euromicro International Conference on Parallel, Distributed and Network-Based Processing (2007)

One of the earliest applications that explored the power and flexibility of the grid computing paradigm was medical image matching. A typical characteristic of such applications is the large communication overheads due to the bulk of data that have to be transfered to the compute nodes. In this paper we study the problem of optimizing such applications under a broad model that incorporates not only communication overheads but also the existence of local data caches that could exist as a result of previous queries. Our analytical approach is not only complimented by a theorem that shows how to arrange the sequence of operations in order to minimize the overall cost, but also yields closed-form solutions to the partitioning problem. For the case where large load imbalances (due to big differences in cache sizes) prevent the calculation of a closedform solution, we propose an algorithm for optimizing load redistribution. The paper is concluded by a simulation study that evaluates the impact of our analytical approach.
Implicit Authorization for Accessing Location Data in a Social Context
Authors: Georg Treu, Florian Fuchs, Christiane Dargatz
Venue: Proceedings of the The Second International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security (2007)

Being increasingly equipped with highly-accurate positioning technologies, today's mobile phones enable their owners to transmit their current position over the cellular network and share it with others. So-called location-based community services make use of this possibility, for example for locating friends or family members. Such services give target persons control about the way location data may be accessed by others. So far, this is done by the target explicitly granting or denying permissions through authorization policies or ad-hoc authorization. Unfortunately, apart from bringing along high management effort, the concept of explicit authorization in such a privacy-sensitive application entails the disadvantage of social difficulties. In this paper we introduce the concept of implicit authorization, where an inquirer is granted access to the required information as the result of a certain activity of the target that is not solely dedicated to managing her own location information. In the proposed realization of implicit authorization, access to one's own information is granted implicitely by accessing the information of another person. The approach is analyzed theoretically and computationally. It turns out that management overhead is minimized while guaranteeing better social acceptability.
Computer Visualisation of Interrelationships Between Multiple Variables Across Human Pregnancy
Authors: Xiaobin Shen, David Smith, Roger Smith, Julia Smith
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Medical Information Visualisation - BioMedical Visualisation (2007)

Preterm birth refers to babies born before 37 weeks. Though there now some promising developments, in the last 30 years little progress has been achieved in preventing preterm birth, or in identifying those women likely to give birth prematurely. Our project focuses on preterm birth prediction. Specifically, this paper introduces a PBP (Preterm Birth Predictor) program to reveal relationships between serial blood measurements of hormones and preterm birth. PBP uses 8 types of blood hormone data, namely, Corticotrophin Releasing Hormone (CRH), Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG), á-fetoprotein (AFP). Estriol (E3), Progestrone (Prog), Estradiol (E2), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and cortisol. Preliminary analysis shows that the actual CRH preterm median trajectory is higher than median term and median post-term trajectory. Similar results are also found for hCG, AFP and cortisol. These results suggest that multiple serial hormone measurements may offer a way of identifying a significant proportion of women likely to give birth prematurely.
Wideband generalized multicarrier CDMA over frequency-selective wireless channels
Authors: G. B. Giannakis
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 05 (2000)

Relying on symbol blocking and judicious design of user codes, this paper builds on a generalized multicarrier (GMC) quasi-synchronous CDMA system capable of multiuser interference (MUI) elimination and intersymbol interference (ISI) suppression with guaranteed symbol recovery, regardless of the wireless frequency-selective channels. GMC-CDMA provides a unifying framework for multicarrier (MC) CDMA systems and offers flexibility in full load (maximum number of users allowed by the available bandwidth) as well in reduced load settings. Analytic evaluation and simulations illustrate that GMC-CDMA outperforms competing MC-CDMA alternatives especially in the presence of uplink multipath channels.
Adaptable binary programs
Authors: Susan L. Graham, Steven Lucco, Robert Wahbe
Venue: Proceedings of the USENIX 1995 Technical Conference Proceedings on USENIX 1995 Technical Conference Proceedings (1995)

To accurately and comprehensively monitor a program's behavior, many performance measurement tools transform the program's executable representation or binary. By instrumenting binary programs to monitor program events, tools can precisely analyze compiler optimization effectiveness, memory system performance, pipeline interlocking, and other dynamic program characteristics that are fully exposed only at this level. Binary transformation has also been used to support software-enforced fault isolation, debugging, machine re-targeting, and machine-dependent optimization. At present, binary transformation applications face a difficult trade-off. Previous approaches to implementing robust transformations result in significant disk space and run-time overhead. To improve efficiency, some current systems sacrifice robustness, relying on heuristic assumptions about the program and recognition of compiler-dependent code generation idioms. In this paper we begin by investigating the run-time and disk space overhead of transformation strategies that do not require assumptions about the program's control flow or register usage. We then detail simple information about the binary program that can significantly reduce this overhead. For each type of information, we show how it enables a corresponding type of binary transformation. We call binary programs that contain such enabling information adaptable binaries. Because adaptable binary information is simple, any compiler can generate it. Despite its simplicity, adaptable binary information has the necessary and sufficient expressive power to support a rich set of binary transformations.
Defect Data Analysis Based on Extended Association Rule Mining
Authors: Shuji Morisaki, Akito Monden, Tomoko Matsumura, Haruaki Tamada, Ken-ichi Matsumoto
Venue: Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Software Engineering Workshops (2007)

This paper describes an empirical study to reveal rules associated with defect correction effort. We defined defect correction effort as a quantitative (ratio scale) variable, and extended conventional (nominal scale based) association rule mining to directly handle such quantitative variables. An extended rule describes the statistical characteristic of a ratio or interval scale variable in the consequent part of the rule by its mean value and standard deviation so that conditions producing distinctive statistics can be discovered. As an analysis target, we collected various attributes of about 1,200 defects found in a typical medium-scale, multi-vendor (distance development) information system development project in Japan. Our findings based on extracted rules include: (1)Defects detected in coding/unit testing were easily corrected (less than 7% of mean effort) when they are related to data output or validation of input data. (2)Nevertheless, they sometimes required much more effort (lift of standard deviation was 5.845) in case of low reproducibility, (3)Defects introduced in coding/unit testing often required large correction effort (mean was 12.596 staff-hours and standard deviation was 25.716) when they were related to data handing. From these findings, we confirmed that we need to pay attention to types of defects having large mean effort as well as those having large standard deviation of effort since such defects sometimes cause excess effort.
Data record size requirements of MVDR-optimized adaptive antenna arrays
Authors: S. N. Batalama
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 05 (2000)

We investigate the data-record-size requirements of the minimum-variance-distortionless-response beamformer to meet a given performance objective in signal detection and direction-of-arrival estimation problems. For signal detection problems we consider the output-energy performance measure while for direction-of-arrival estimation problems we adopt a spectrum-based measure defined as the ratio between the estimated and the ideal spectrum. In both cases, closed form expressions are derived that provide the data record size that is necessary to achieve a given performance confidence level in a neighborhood of the optimal performance point. This is done by utilizing close approximations of the involved probability density functions and Markoff-type inequalities. The practical significance of the derived expressions lies in the fact that the expressions are functions of the number of antenna elements only, while they are independent of the ideal input covariance matrix which is not known in most realistic applications.
A classroom outsourcing experience for software engineering learning
Authors: William L. Honig, Tejasvini Prasad
Venue: ACM SIGCSE Bulletin (2007)

Outsourcing of software development is a key part of globalization, oft misunderstood by computer science students, and possibly a cause of declining enrollments in the field. The authors developed and implemented an outsourcing experience for students in an advanced software engineering course. Student teams at two universities developed game playing programs and outsourced key parts of their systems to the other university. Results show students improved their understanding of outsourcing, developed better appreciation for the importance of software engineering techniques, and created ad hoc communication protocols between teams. The paper concludes with recommendations for expanding the approach used to other universities to create a more inclusive computer science and software engineering teaching environment.
Multirate adaptive filtering for immersive audio
Authors: Jong-soong Lim
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2001. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 05 (2001)

This paper describes a method for implementing immersive audio rendering filters for single or multiple listeners and loudspeakers. In particular, the paper is focused on the case of single or two listeners with different loudspeaker arrays to determine the weighting vectors for the necessary FIR and IIR filters using the LMS (least-mean-squares) adaptive inverse algorithm. It describes transform-domain LMS adaptive inverse algorithm that is designed for crosstalk cancellation necessary in loudspeaker-based immersive audio rendering. Specifically, each weighting vector of the inverse filter is generated based on psychoacoustic critical band filters and uses the LMS adaptive inverse algorithm to improve performance in the sensitive frequency bands. We also investigate the sensitivity of the listening position under different number of listeners and loudspeakers with various loudspeaker geometries. Performance is measured based on the ipsilateral signal to contralateral signal (crosstalk) ratio that results from the different filter types with and without psychoacoustic critical band filtering.
Effective prediction and its computational complexity
Authors: Richard Taylor
Venue: Proceedings of the thirteenth Australasian symposium on Theory of computing - Volume 65 (2007)

A model for the problem of predicting the outputs of a process, based only on knowledge of previous outputs, is proposed in terms of a decision problem. The strength of this particular formulation of the decision problem follows from the accuracy of its outputs in predicting the outputs of any particular deterministic process, and this predictability is quantified in terms of the number of bits the process may generate, and its length/time complexity. Both upper and lower bounds on the computational complexity of this decision problem are provided
Analysis of the Intel Pentium's ability to support a secure virtual machine monitor
Authors: John Scott Robin, Cynthia E. Irvine
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th conference on USENIX Security Symposium - Volume 9 (2000)

A virtual machine monitor (VMM) allows multiple operating systems to run concurrently on virtual machines (VMs) on a single hardware platform. Each VM can be treated as an independent operating system platform. A secure VMM would enforce an overarching security policy on its VMs. The potential benefits of a secure VMM for PCs include: a more secure environment, familiar COTS operating systems and applications, and enormous savings resulting from the elimination of the need for separate platforms when both high assurance policy enforcement, and COTS software are required. This paper addresses the problem of implementing secure VMMs on the Intel Pentium architecture. The requirements for various types of VMMs are reviewed. We report an analysis of the virtualizability of all of the approximately 250 instructions of the Intel Pentium platform and address its ability to support a VMM. Current "virtualization" techniques for the Intel Pentium architecture are examined and several security problems are identified. An approach to providing a virtualizable hardware base for a highly secure VMM is discussed.
An interactive CD ROM to sensitize engineering students to diversity issues
Authors: S. Blaisdell
Venue: Proceedings of the 28th Annual Frontiers in Education - Volume 01 (1998)

There is an ever-increasing emphasis on teamwork both in the engineering classroom and the workplace. As a result, engineering students need to be aware of how diversity issues play a role in group dynamics. Understanding diversity allows student teams to work more effectively, and provides students with particularly marketable skills for today's corporate environment. With this in mind, the Foundation Coalition commissioned a project to develop a multimedia training for engineering student-related diversity issues in the form of an interactive CD ROM. Designing a fully functional training in a form of a computer program is a lengthy process. The steps include doing a review of the relevant research, designing the framework, designing a storyboard, writing a script, soliciting feedback, recruiting a cast, shooting video, creating animation, programming, testing and debugging. This paper discusses this process and the program content.