ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Automating object-oriented integration and visualization of multidisciplinary biomedical data in radiology workflow: Compartmental PACS model
Authors: Alex K. Wong, Lawrence W. Chan, Ying Liu
Venue: Information Systems Frontiers (2009)

This paper is aimed to present a novel compartmental PACS model for the automatic object-oriented integration and visualization of heterogeneous data for the multidisciplinary biomedical studies in the midst of the imaging services in radiology department. The generic PACS is conceptually partitioned into two compartments: service and integration. The service compartment supports the routine imaging service by connecting the imaging modalities to the web client workstations through a single fault-tolerant hardware. The integration compartment is synthesized by open source and open standard software tools to perform the long-term archiving of imaging cases and to integrate the images with the related data from other clinical disciplines. The prototype of the compartmental PACS model has been successfully implemented in the Department of Health Technology and Informatics (HTI) at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University (PolyU). Multi-disciplinary study on a cardiovascular case is considered as an example in this paper to demonstrate the seamless integration and web-based visualization of heterogeneous data from radiology, ophthalmology, cardiology and hematology. The implementation of the compartmental PACS model demonstrates a deliberative system design for allocating mission-critical components at the clinical frontline of imaging services and long-term archiving components at the backend. The integrative feature of object-oriented long-term archive addresses the comprehensive needs of patient-centered multidisciplinary biomedical studies.
Knowledge-based spatial reasoning for scene generation from text descriptions
Authors: Dan Tappan
Venue: Proceedings of the 23rd national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 3 (2008)

This system translates basic English descriptions of a wide range of objects in a simplistic zoo environment into plausible, three-dimensional, interactive visualizations of their positions, orientations, and dimensions. It combines a semantic network and contextually sensitive knowledge base as representations for explicit and implicit spatial knowledge, respectively. Its linguistic aspects address underspecification, vagueness, uncertainty, and context with respect to intrinsic, extrinsic, and deictic frames of spatial reference. The underlying, commonsense reasoning fomlalism is probability-based geometric fields that are solved through constraint satisfaction. The architecture serves as an extensible test-and-evaluation framework for a multitude of linguistic and artificial-intelligence investigations.
Certification of Termination Proofs Using CeTA
Authors: René Thiemann, Christian Sternagel
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Theorem Proving in Higher Order Logics (2009)

There are many automatic tools to prove termination of term rewrite systems, nowadays. Most of these tools use a combination of many complex termination criteria. Hence generated proofs may be of tremendous size, which makes it very tedious (if not impossible) for humans to check those proofs for correctness.In this paper we use the theorem prover Isabelle/HOL to automatically certify termination proofs. To this end, we first formalized the required theory of term rewriting including three major termination criteria: dependency pairs, dependency graphs, and reduction pairs. Second, for each of these techniques we developed an executable check which guarantees the correct application of that technique as it occurs in the generated proofs. Moreover, if a proof is not accepted, a readable error message is displayed. Finally, we used Isabelle's code generation facilities to generate a highly efficient and certified Haskell program, CeTA, which can be used to certify termination proofs without even having Isabelle installed.
Proceedings of the 2007 International Lisp Conference
Venue: International Lisp Conference (2007)

The International Lisp Conference 2007 is the fourth conference in a row organized by the Association of Lisp Users in cooperation with ACM SIGPLAN, and took place at the Clare College, Cambridge, UK on April 1-4, 2007. The conference hosted a diverse program consisting of tutorials, workshops and demonstrations. The technical sessions featured eight prominent invited speakers and presentations of technical papers and experience reports. After a careful review process of 22 original submissions, the program committee accepted 6 submissions as technical papers, and 13 submissions as experience reports. These proceedings now contain 5 of the accepted technical papers in full, and all the experience reports as extended abstracts.
Topological analysis of 3D building models using a spatial query language
Authors: André Borrmann, Ernst Rank
Venue: Advanced Engineering Informatics (2009)

The paper presents parts of the development of a spatial query language for building information models. Such a query language enables the spatial analysis of building information models and the extraction of partial models that fulfill certain spatial constraints. Among other features, it includes topological operators, i.e. operators that reflect the topological relationships between 3D spatial objects. The paper presents definitions of the semantics of the topological operators within, contain, touch, overlap, disjoint and equal in 3D space by using the 9-intersection model. It further describes a possible implementation of the topological operators by means of an octree-based algorithm. The recursive algorithm presented in this article relies on a breadth-first traversal of the operands' octree representations and the application of rules that are based on the color of the octants under examination. Because it successively increases the discrete resolution of the spatial objects employed, the algorithm enables the user on the one hand to handle topological relationships in a fuzzy manner and on the other hand to trade-off between computational effort and the required accuracy. The article also presents detailed investigations on the runtime performance of the developed algorithm.
Onboard Lossless Compression of Hyperspectral Imagery Based on Hybrid Prediction
Authors: Guangbo Ni, Binwen Fan, Hui Li
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Asia-Pacific Conference on Information Processing - Volume 02 (2009)

in this paper, we present an effective low-complexity algorithm for onboard lossless compression of hyperspectral images, the algorithm based on hybrid prediction. It is suitable to spacecraft onboard implementation as having much less complexity. Specifically, the proposed algorithm is mainly composed of three parts to compress the hyperspectral images. First of all, a three-dimensional (3-D) predictor, improved LCL-3D algorithm, is used to exploit the spatial correlation and spectral correlation efficiently, then a two-dimensional (2-D) nonlinear prediction algorithm is applied on the residual image after the 3D predictor. Finally, the residual image is entropy coded by the Rice coding. Performance of the method is compared to those algorithms, Pure JPEG-LS, Differential JPEG-LS, CALIC-Extended, and LCL-3D. Simulation results show that the method outperforms LCL-3D as well as other compression algorithms and can be implemented onboard
Nine Assistant Guiding Methods in Subway Design --- A Research of Shanghai Subway Users
Authors: Linong Dai
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Part III: Ubiquitous and Intelligent Interaction (2009)

In big cities, it often occurs that passengers (users) have great difficulties to recognize subway stations. Except improving the signs of subway stations, based on large amounts of field researches, we find 9 practical and effective methods to help passengers to identify subway stations. These 9 methods include visual design, aural design, and tactual design etc. This paper also tries to apply some theories of cognitive psychology about human memory in the research of subways. These methods are also applicable to other space design in subway and even general underground space design.
Size optimization of space trusses using Big Bang-Big Crunch algorithm
Authors: A. Kaveh, S. Talatahari
Venue: Computers and Structures (2009)

A Hybrid Big Bang-Big Crunch (HBB-BC) optimization algorithm is employed for optimal design of truss structures. HBB-BC is compared to Big Bang-Big Crunch (BB-BC) method and other optimization methods including Genetic Algorithm, Ant Colony Optimization, Particle Swarm Optimization and Harmony Search. Numerical results demonstrate the efficiency and robustness of the HBB-BC method compared to other heuristic algorithms.
Establishing Pairwise Keys in Heterogeneous Two-Tiered Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Manel Boujelben, Omar Cheikhrouhou, Mohamed Abid, Habib Youssef
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Third International Conference on Sensor Technologies and Applications (2009)

Key management is an important cryptographic primitive upon which other security services are built. Most of the existent pairwise key management protocols consider homogenous Adhoc sensor networks. However, recent researches have demonstrated the limitation of this architecture in terms of performance and scalability. Therefore, this paper focuses on proposing a pairwise key management protocol for heterogeneous multi-tiered wireless sensor network that leverages the existence of a small percentage of more capable sensor nodes. The heterogeneity among sensor nodes helps provide scalability, notable energy efficiency and security benefits. The proposed protocol uses both probabilistic key pre-distribution in the lower tier of the network architecture and public key cryptography in the upper tier to distribute session keys. The performance of our solution is evaluated analytically with respect to communication, computation, and memory overhead. We demonstrate that the proposed key establishment protocol provides a high level of security while at the same time minimizes the resource consumption of the sensor devices. These results are highlighted when comparing our proposed protocol with three well known key establishment protocols implemented for WSN.
Urgent Collaboration Service for Inclusive Use
Authors: Naotsune Hosono, Hiroyuki Miki, Michio Suzuki, Yukata Tomita
Venue: Proceedings of the Symposium on Human Interface 2009 on ConferenceUniversal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Part I: Held as Part of HCI International 2009 (2009)

At the modern universal design society, this paper discusses the usefulness of the urgent collaboration service that is originally proposed by deaf people. They will be in trouble at such the occasion of disasters or accidents. At the very first of the survey many deaf people are asked their difficulties. From the point of context of use, it is best useful, effective and particularly efficient at the deaf patient complaint of pain/ache/grief among the selected ten items. Those requirements are drawn visually by pictograms or icons that are easy to understand even such emergency situation. Proposed urgent collaboration service placard is then evaluated by deaf people in the manner of the usability test. The results with this placard are that the time to communicate is shorter for about 30%. The placard is also used by foreign people and is translated into English, Spanish, Korean and Chinese for them. This placard can be also downloaded by specified URL in personal. It is also being proposed to Japanese government to have the available both in the ambulance and hospitals or public spaces.
WSN Self-Address Collision Detection and Solving
Authors: Carlos Ribeiro, Ivo Anastacio, André Costa, Márcia Baptista
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Third International Conference on Sensor Technologies and Applications (2009)

The complexity and number of interconnected elements comprising today's networks have stressed the need for autonomic computing techniques. This need is even bigger in Wireless Sensor Networks, because sensor nodes should work continuously without operator intervention, i.e. have self-organiztaion and self-configuration algorithms. The first action that a Wireless Sensor Network should do is to establish the network address of each node without collisions. However, this scenarios are dynamic which means that network partitions and rejoins are common and node addition and failure are not uncommon, which means that the network should be able to reconfigure itself without compromising availability. In this paper we show a solution to detect address collisions in dynamic scenarios wasting a minimum level of energy (i.e. without periodic beacons or any other kind of message), and we describe a collision solving protocol which minimizes the impact on the already established routes, which also minimizes energy loss because there is no need to rerun the routing protocol. In order to develop the present solution we have implemented several preliminary solutions that revealed some lessons about wireless communications on sensor nodes which were useful to the optimization of the final solution.
User simulation as testing for spoken dialog systems
Authors: Hua Ai, Fuliang Weng
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th SIGdial Workshop on Discourse and Dialogue (2008)

We propose to use user simulation for testing during the development of a sophisticated dialog system. While the limited behaviors of the state-of-the-art user simulation may not cover important aspects in the dialog system testing, our proposed approach extends the functionality of the simulation so that it can be used at least for the early stage testing before the system reaches stable performance for evaluation involving human users. The proposed approach includes a set of evaluation measures that can be computed automatically from the interaction logs between the user simulator and the dialog system. We first validate these measures on human user dialogs using user satisfaction scores. We also build a regression model to estimate the user satisfaction scores using these evaluation measures. Then, we apply the evaluation measures on a simulated dialog corpus trained from the real user corpus. We show that the user satisfaction scores estimated from the simulated corpus are not statistically different from the real users' satisfaction scores.
Combining Salient Points and Visual Perception Texture Features for Image Retrieval
Authors: Muwei Jian, Jiquan Sun, Jing Liu, Cheng Yin, Yan Qin
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Asia-Pacific Conference on Information Processing - Volume 02 (2009)

This paper reseaches on content-based image retrieval based on salient points and visual perception texture features. First, we analysis local features for image indexing. In content-based image retrieval, the method based on salient points detection is one of the most active research areas for it can represent the local properties of the image. This paper introduces an improved salient points detector based on wavelet transform. Second, we introduce some new texture features based on wavelet transform‘s subbands which coincide with human eyes perception. Then, Color moments and the introduced visual perception texture features of the regions around the salient points were computed as a features vector used for indexing the image. We tested the proposed scheme using a wide range image samples from the Corel Image Library, the experimental results indicating that the method has produced a promising result.
Safety Assessment for Stability of High-Railway Soft Loadbed Based on Rheological
Authors: Jun Wang, Ping Cao, Hang Lin
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation - Volume 03 (2009)

Pointed to character of rheological mechanics and safety assessment method, a new viso-elasto-plastic rheological model is builded with correlation on safety assessment basic events,including minimal cut sets solution and primary events on loadbed stability abtained.In order to compare with safety assessment, the numerical calculation is applied to analyze CFG piles compound ground on high railway soft loadbed as plastic region including cushion and upside surrounding soil. Based on calculated results and safety assessment fault tree method, plenty of key factors, named cohesion,friction angl and load capacity, on whole mound struct and CFG piles compound groud are studied.Lastly,the conclusions show the numerical calculation is coincident with safety assessment method in engineering application,so that the safety assessment method is provided for effective traffic engineering.
The linguistic structure of English web-search queries
Authors: Cory Barr, Rosie Jones, Moira Regelson
Venue: Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (2008)

Web-search queries are known to be short, but little else is known about their structure. In this paper we investigate the applicability of part-of-speech tagging to typical English-language web search-engine queries and the potential value of these tags for improving search results. We begin by identifying a set of part-of-speech tags suitable for search queries and quantifying their occurrence. We find that proper-nouns constitute 40% of query terms, and proper nouns and nouns together constitute over 70% of query terms. We also show that the majority of queries are noun-phrases, not unstructured collections of terms. We then use a set of queries manually labeled with these tags to train a Brill tagger and evaluate its performance. In addition, we investigate classification of search queries into grammatical classes based on the syntax of part-of-speech tag sequences. We also conduct preliminary investigative experiments into the practical applicability of leveraging query-trained part-of-speech taggers for information-retrieval tasks. In particular, we show that part-of-speech information can be a significant feature in machine-learned search-result relevance. These experiments also include the potential use of the tagger in selecting words for omission or substitution in query reformulation, actions which can improve recall. We conclude that training a part-of-speech tagger on labeled corpora of queries significantly outperforms taggers based on traditional corpora, and leveraging the unique linguistic structure of web-search queries can improve search experience.
The Application of XML Security Technology in E-commerce System
Authors: Yang Song
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Second International Symposium on Electronic Commerce and Security - Volume 01 (2009)

By analyzing the superiority and security applicationof XML technology, and considering the defect of traditionactuality, this paper gives a system frame model based XML. Itintroduces the XML security application about E-commerceSystem, and describes the method that is used in implementingthe data dynamic release on web browser based on MVC modeland XML technology, taking Contract Information Sub-system as an example.
Representative explanations for over-constrained problems
Authors: Barry O'Sullivan, Alexandre Papadopoulos, Boi Faltings, Pearl Pu
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1 (2007)

In many interactive decision making scenarios there is often no solution that satisfies all of the user's preferences. The decision process can be helped by providing explanations. Relaxation show sets of consistent preferences and, thus, indicate Which preferences can be enforced, while exclusion sets show which preferences can be relaxed to obtain a solution. We propose a new approach to explanation based on the notion of a representative set of explanations. The size of the set of explanations we compute is exponentially more compact than that found using common approaches from the literature based on finding all minimal conflicts.
A discourse planning approach to cinematic camera control for narratives in virtual environments
Authors: Arnav Jhala, R. Michael Young
Venue: Proceedings of the 20th national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1 (2005)

As the complexity of narrative-based virtual environments grows, the need for effective communication of information to the users of these systems increase. Effective camera control for narrative-oriented virtual worlds involves decision making at three different levels: choosing cinematic geometric composition, choosing the best camera parameters for conveying affective information, and choosing camera shots and transitions to maintain thetorical coherence. We propose a camera planning system that mirrors the film production pipeline; we describe our formalization of film idioms used to communicate affective information. Our representation of idioms captures their hierarchical nature, represents the causal motivation for selection of shots, and provides a way for the system designer to specify the ranking of candidate shot sequences.
Analysis and classification of speech signals by generalized fractal dimension features
Authors: Vassilis Pitsikalis, Petros Maragos
Venue: Speech Communication (2009)

We explore nonlinear signal processing methods inspired by dynamical systems and fractal theory in order to analyze and characterize speech sounds. A speech signal is at first embedded in a multidimensional phase-space and further employed for the estimation of measurements related to the fractal dimensions. Our goals are to compute these raw measurements in the practical cases of speech signals, to further utilize them for the extraction of simple descriptive features and to address issues on the efficacy of the proposed features to characterize speech sounds. We observe that distinct feature vector elements obtain values or show statistical trends that on average depend on general characteristics such as the voicing, the manner and the place of articulation of broad phoneme classes. Moreover the way that the statistical parameters of the features are altered as an effect of the variation of phonetic characteristics seem to follow some roughly formed patterns. We also discuss some qualitative aspects concerning the linear phoneme-wise correlation between the fractal features and the commonly employed mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) demonstrating phonetic cases of maximal and minimal correlation. In the same context we also investigate the fractal features' spectral content, in terms of the most and least correlated components with the MFCC. Further the proposed methods are examined under the light of indicative phoneme classification experiments. These quantify the efficacy of the features to characterize broad classes of speech sounds. The results are shown to be comparable for some classification scenarios with the corresponding ones of the MFCC features.
Orpheus: Automatic Composition System Considering Prosody of Japanese Lyrics
Authors: Satoru Fukayama, Kei Nakatsuma, Shinji Sako, Yuichiro Yonebayashi, Tae Hun Kim, Si Wei Qin, Takuho Nakano, Takuya Nishimoto, Shigeki Sagayama
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Entertainment Computing (2009)

We present an algorithm for song composition using prosody of Japanese lyrics. Since Japanese is a "pitch accent" language, listener's apprehension is strongly affected by the pitch motions of the speaker. For example, the meaning of Japanese word "ha-shi" changes with the pitch. It means "bridge" with an upward pitch motion, and "chopsticks" with the motion inversed. A melody attached to the lyrics cause an effect similar to the pitch accent. Therefore we can assume that pitches of Japanese lyrics give constraints on pitch motions of the melody. Furthermore, chord progression, rhythm and accompaniment give constraints on the transitions and occurrences of the melody notes. If a certain melody for the lyrics were obtained, the melody would satisfy these constraints. Conversely, we can compose a song by finding the melody which optimally meets the condition.