ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Innovation in Large-Grained Software Reuse: A Case from Banking
Authors: Paul D. Witman, Terry Ryan
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (2007)

Much work has been done on software reuse "in the small" - objects, subroutines, and components. However, relatively little research on very largegrained reuse is available in the literature. This initial study of a large US-based banking institution indicates significant levels of innovative reuse of internally developed software, including reusing both infrastructure and applications across Internet, teller systems, and ATM systems, all with surprisingly little customization and rewriting. This study presents findings of the initial research, including the types and granularities of reused systems. A conceptual model to explain their success is proposed, addressing both organizational and technical factors, and next steps are documented.
Developing 3G Location Based Services: The Case of an Innovative Entertainment Guide Application
Authors: Vasilios Koutsiouris, Costas Polychronopoulos, Adam Vrechopoulos
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on the Management of Mobile Business (2007)

This paper presents the development of the "Entertainment Guide", a 3G location-based entertainment guide application for the outdoor environment. The focus of this research study is on the software support for location-based applications, especially designed for 3G mobile networks. Contrary to the majority of the available LBS applications, the current study deals with the design and the implementation of a real 3G LBS application, offering to mobile users added-value services, such as high quality mobile multimedia location-aware content on high-data-rate wireless channels. In this paper we describe the Entertainment Guide system and discuss the processes involved in the development of this 3G LBS application (location-based service supply chain and system architecture).
Developing velocity sensitivity in a model neuron by local synaptic plasticity
Authors: Minija Tamosiunaite, Bernd Porr, Florentin W&#x00f6;rg&#x00f6;tter
Venue: Biological Cybernetics (2007)

Sensor neurons, like those in the visual cortex, display specific functional properties, e.g., tuning for the orientation, direction and velocity of a moving stimulus. It is still unclear how these properties arise from the processing of the inputs which converge at a given cell. Specifically, little is known how such properties can develop by ways of synaptic plasticity. In this study we investigate the hypothesis that velocity sensitivity can develop at a neuron from different types of synaptic plasticity at different dendritic sub-structures. Specifically we are implementing spike-timing dependent plasticity at one dendritic branch and conventional long-term potentiation at another branch, both driven by dendritic spikes triggered by moving inputs. In the first part of the study, we show how velocity sensitivity can arise from such a spatially localized difference in the plasticity. In the second part we show how this scenario is augmented by the interaction between dendritic spikes and back-propagating spikes also at different dendritic branches. Recent theoretical (Saudargiene et al. in Neural Comput 16:595&#x2013;626, 2004) and experimental (Froemke et al. in Nature 434:221&#x2013;225, 2005) results on spatially localized plasticity suggest that such processes may play a major role in determining how synapses will change depending on their site. The current study suggests that such mechanisms could be used to develop the functional specificities of a neuron.
The SkyLoc Floor Localization System
Authors: Alex Varshavsky, Anthony LaMarca, Jeffrey Hightower, Eyal de Lara
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications (2007)

When a mobile user dials 911, a key to arriving to the emergency scene promptly is knowing the location of the mobile user. This paper presents SkyLoc, a GSM fingerprinting-based localization system that runs on a mobile phone and identifies the current floor of a user in tall multi-floor buildings. Knowing the floor in a tall building significantly reduces the area that emergency service personnel have to canvas to locate the individuals in need. We evaluated our system in three multi-floor buildings located in Washington DC, Seattle and Toronto. Our system identifies the floor correctly in up to 73% of the cases and is within 2 floors in 97% of the cases. The system is robust as it works for different network operators, when the training and testing sets were collected with different hardware and up to one month apart. In addition, we show that feature selection techniques that select a subset of highly relevant radio sources for fingerprint matching nearly double the localization accuracy of our system.
Routing Bandwidth-Guaranteed Paths in MPLS Traffic Engineering: A Multiple Race Track Learning Approach
Authors: B. John Oommen, Sudip Misra, Ole-Christoffer Granmo
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (2007)

This paper presents an efficient adaptive online routing algorithm for the computation of bandwidth-guaranteed paths in Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS)-based networks by using a learning scheme that computes an optimal ordering of routes. The contribution of this work is twofold. The first is that we propose a new class of solutions other than those available in the literature, incorporating the family of stochastic Random Races (RR) algorithms. The most popular previously proposed MPLS-based Traffic Engineering (TE) solutions attempt to find a superior path to route an incoming setup request. Our algorithm, on the other hand, tries to learn an optimal ordering of the paths through which requests can be routed according to the rank of the paths in the order learned by the algorithm. The second contribution of our work is that we have proposed a routing algorithm that has a performance superior to the important algorithms in the literature. Our conclusions are based on three important performance criteria: 1) the rejection ratio, 2) the percentage of accepted bandwidth, and 3) the average route computation time per request. Although some of the previously proposed algorithms were designed to achieve low rejection and high throughput of route requests, they are unreasonably slow. Our algorithm, on the other hand, in general attempts to reject the least number of requests, achieves the highest throughput, and computes routes in the fastest possible time when compared to the algorithms that we used as benchmarks for comparison.
A novel memory-based FFT processor for DMT/OFDM applications
Authors: Ching-Hsien Chang
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1999. on 1999 IEEE International Conference - Volume 04 (1999)

This paper presents a novel VLSI architecture for computing the N-point discrete Fourier transform (DFT) based on a radix-2 fast algorithm, where N is a power of two. The architecture consists of one complex multiplier, two complex adders, and some special memory units. It can compute one transform sample every log/sub 2/N+1 clock cycles in average. For the case of N=512, the chip area required is about 5742/spl times/5222 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ and the throughput is up to 4 M transform samples per second under 0.6 /spl mu/m CMOS technology. Such area-time performance makes the proposed design rather attractive for use in long-length DFT applications, such as ADSL and OFDM systems.
Design and analysis for three applications of 90-degree single balanced mixer
Authors: Man-Long Her, Phun-Fei Teo, Fan-Hsi Kung, Chi-Yuan Xie, Yu-Zhen Wang, Yi-Chyun Chiou, Yu-Lin Wang, Chun-Wei Kuo
Venue: Proceedings of the The 8th International Conference on Communication Systems - Volume 01 (2002)

Three different types of 90-degree hybrid mixers were designed and analyzed in the ISM 2.4 GHz band. These are general type, low distortion type and size-reduced type. For low distortion type, the 1-dB compression point and 3/sup rd/ intercept point are increased about 3 dB. 90-degree single balanced mixer has a major shortcoming at 2.4 GHz frequency band with a significant penalty in board space. So another application for a small size 90-degree single balanced mixer was designed by using capacitor compensated method. The size-reduced type can save about 75% of circuit board size and achieve similar performances. In this paper, we will analyze the design concepts of these mixers and discuss the performances of each mixer.
A new collaborative active learning tool for signal processing education
Authors: S. Lamouri
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1999. on 1999 IEEE International Conference - Volume 04 (1999)

This paper introduces a distributed object based collaboration system called Collaboard, which can be effectively used to conduct signal processing classes in an interactive fashion. Collaboard allows a group of users in a heterogeneous network environment to share multimedia objects, such as text, geometric entities, equations, images, audio/video objects, and OLE/sup TM/ objects. Collaboard supports multiple user groups and allows a user to actively participate in multiple learning groups. Matlab/sup TM/ has been integrated into this Collaboard as the computational workhorse. The Matlab programs or tasks initiated by any participant are replicated over the network to every participant. Our Collaboard architecture is a distributed object-based tool supporting object video and object audio. The current version of the system includes a RealAudio/sup TM/ server to support streaming audio capability. We believe that the comprehensive and user-friendly architecture of this Collaboard will be a very powerful working tool for DSP/communication systems classes in active learning environment.
Establishing engineering design competencies for freshman/sophomore students
Authors: R. W. Crain, D. C. Davis, D. E. Calkins, K. Gentili
Venue: Proceedings of the Frontiers in Education Conference, on 1995. Proceedings., 1995 - Volume 02 (1995)

Transferable Integrated Design Engineering Education (TIDEE) is the name of a project at Washington State University in cooperation with faculty at the University of Washington and Tacoma Community College that involves curriculum development and faculty enhancement. Its objectives are to: (a) establish a curricular structure for transferable introductory design education in an environment of diverse institutions, curricula and students; (b) produce transportable curricular materials and instructional methods that support effective integrated engineering design education in transfer environments; (c) enable faculty at the institutions to adopt, implement and evaluate exemplary materials and methods suitable for their programs and their students; and (d) achieve increased enrolment and retention of students in early design courses. Key design competencies to be addressed will be identified so that students who enter an engineering program will be able to build on those competencies as they participate in design activities through the remainder of their program. Curriculum materials will be developed to meet learning objectives for introductory design in order to fit a variety of institutions, and to serve students with diverse backgrounds and interests. Faculty workshops across the state will transfer these learning objectives and strategies for achieving them in a variety of settings, and they will prepare faculty to adopt materials and methods to use in classes with diverse student populations. This paper discusses the details of how this project will be carried out and the outcomes expected.
Common acoustical-poles/zeros modeling for 3D sound processing
Authors: M. C. Chen
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 02 (2000)

HRTFs (head related transfer functions) are a set of transfer functions from different spatial locations to both ears. They constitute an important database in 3-D sound signal processing. However, such an enormous data set makes real-time implementations difficult. Inspired by the resonant characteristic of pinnae, we seek a common-pole/zero model to reduce this vast data set. A Shanks common-poles model is proposed to improve previous Prony work. Based on a linearized least-squares criterion, a novel approach using iterative prefiltering and recursive updating the common poles is proposed and outperforms previous works.
Using a web-based system to integrate workplace communication skills into engineering curriculum
Authors: J. Shaul Norback
Venue: Proceedings of the Frontiers in Education Conference, 2001. 31st Annual - Volume 02 (2001)

A typical student graduating from most engineering schools is well-versed in technical expertise. Usually, however, they are not well-versed in the essential workplace skills of communicating their knowledge to others. For example, their skills in writing technical reports and giving oral presentations can be lacking. We are working to overcome this difficulty by, first, collecting information from practicing engineers and, second, using a web-based system to integrate the workplace information into engineering curriculum. In this presentation, emphasis is placed on the web-based system.
An overview on the shrinkage properties of partial least squares regression
Authors: Nicole Krämer
Venue: Computational Statistics (2007)

The aim of this paper is twofold. In the first part, we recapitulate the main results regarding the shrinkage properties of partial least squares (PLS) regression. In particular, we give an alternative proof of the shape of the PLS shrinkage factors. It is well known that some of the factors are >1. We discuss in detail the effect of shrinkage factors for the mean squared error of linear estimators and argue that we cannot extend the results to PLS directly, as it is nonlinear. In the second part, we investigate the effect of shrinkage factors empirically. In particular, we point out that experiments on simulated and real world data show that bounding the absolute value of the PLS shrinkage factors by 1 seems to leads to a lower mean squared error.
A Radix-10 Digit-Recurrence Division Unit: Algorithm and Architecture
Authors: Tomas Lang, Alberto Nannarelli
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (2007)

In this work, we present a radix-10 division unit that is based on the digit-recurrence algorithm. The previous decimal division designs do not include recent developments in the theory and practice of this type of algorithm, which were developed for {\rm radix}{\hbox{-}}2^{k} dividers. In addition to the adaptation of these features, the radix-10 quotient digit is decomposed into a radix-2 digit and a radix-5 digit in such a way that only five and two times the divisor are required in the recurrence. Moreover, the most significant slice of the recurrence, which includes the selection function, is implemented in radix-2, avoiding the additional delay introduced by the radix--10 carry-save additions and allowing the balancing of the paths to reduce the cycle delay. The results of the implementation of the proposed radix-10 division unit show that its latency is close to that of radix-16 division units (comparable dynamic range of significands) and it has a shorter latency than a radix-10 unit based on the Newton-Raphson approximation.
Hybrid genetic algorithms and random linkage
Authors: J. A. Joines, M. G. Kay
Venue: Proceedings of the Evolutionary Computation on 2002. CEC '02. Proceedings of the 2002 Congress - Volume 02 (2002)

Hybridizing evolutionary algorithms with local search has been quite successful. EAs are designed to exponentially exploit promising regions of the search space; however, by doing so may waste computation effort by duplicating local searches. Therefore, an adaptive memory method is used to determine when to apply a local search.
Experience Report: Assessing a Global Financial Services Company on its Enterprise Architecture Effectiveness Using NAOMI
Authors: Bas van der Raadt, Raymond Slot, Hans van Vliet
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (2007)

Large organizations are increasingly recognizing the benefits of enterprise architecture, and heavily investing in it. However, many of those organizations struggle to be truly effective with architecture. In order to determine points of improvement, we have developed an approach for assessing an organization on its architecture effectiveness. Our approach differentiates from existing assessment models by considering multiple perspectives. It makes a distinction between the level of thinking about architecture, and the level of practicing it. It also gives insight in the (mis)alignment between IT and business oriented architecture functions. In this paper we describe the practical application of our assessment approach at a global financial services company.
Generalized L-KKM type theorems in topological spaces with an application
Authors: Min Fang, Nan-jing Huang
Venue: Computers Mathematics with Applications (2007)

In this paper, we first introduce a new concept of generalized L-KKM mapping and establish some new generalized L-KKM type theorems without any convexity structure in topological spaces. As an application, an existence theorem of equilibrium points for an abstract generalized vector equilibrium problem is proved in topological spaces. The results presented in this paper unify and generalize some known results in recent literature.
Agent Interaction Protocols and Flexible Agent Interaction in Dynamic Environments
Authors: Usman Wajid, Nikolay Mehandjiev
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th IEEE International Workshops on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises (2006)

Software agents are often seen as flexible goal-driven software technology suitable for dynamic environments such as business ecosystems. The inherently open and unpredictable nature of such environments, however, renders unsuitable many widely used agent design mechanisms, such as agent interaction protocols. This paper describes an approach which addresses the need for flexible inter-agent interactions. Our approach gives agents freedom of action and enhances their ability to respond to unexpected events in open environments. We base our argument on the limitations of protocol-based approaches used to formalize agent interaction. We then investigate the possibility of protocol-free agent interaction to enable flexible operation of agent systems in dynamic environments.
Identification of secondary and tertiary motifs in dna sequences through naive bayesian text classification
Authors: Ruth Maurer
Venue:  (2007)

Faced with uncertain data and an unpredictable return on computational tool investment, researchers are opting for laboratory studies over in silico (computer based) studies. This study addressed the lack of efficiency in identifying motifs (biologically significant amino sequences) in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequences via na&iuml;ve Bayesian text classification. DNA is a nucleic acid that carries genetic information in cells. A na&iuml;ve Bayesian text classifier is a machine-learning tool that uses automated means of determining metadata and has been used to identify e-mail worms, viruses, and spam. This quantitative study utilized a na&iuml;ve Bayesian text classification algorithm as the primary data collection technique. The data were analyzed using the independent t test and the chi-square goodness of fit test to address the research questions. Based on the tests conducted, na&iuml;ve Bayesian text classification is not effective in identifying and classifying motifs. The results do suggest that secondary and tertiary motifs can be found in DNA sequences using machine learning. Given these 2 conclusions, the study adds to the area of research by furthering ways to help researchers handle large amounts of data that may point to more effective drugs, faster development of these drugs to the marketplace, and improvement to the care and cure of diseases.
Fast Vocabulary-Independent Audio Search Based on Syllable Confusion Network Indexing in Mandarin Spontaneous Speech
Authors: Jian Shao, Pengyuan Zhang, Zhaojie Liu, Qingwei Zhao, Yonghong Yan
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Digital Telecommunications (2007)

This paper presents a fast vocabulary-independent audio search method in Mandarin spontaneous speech which is based on syllable confusion network (SCN) indexing. Confusion network is linear and naturally suitable for indexing. The feasibility of using syllable confusion network as lattice representation is firstly investigated. Since direct syllabic decoding may not have a very high accuracy, long-span decoding units such as syllable collocation and word are also explored respectively. To handle spontaneous speech with high error rate and irregular prosody, syllable confusion matrix (SCM) is applied here to calculate the relevance score. Experiments carried out on conversational corpora for the keyword spotting task in the Chinese 2005 863 Evaluation show that this method can not only yield highly compact SCN lattices with syllable graph density (SGD) of 3.83, but also achieve an equal error rate (EER) of 32.45%, which is about 33% relatively reduction when comparing with the baseline top-1-based search method with an EER of 48.72%.
A Novel Planar 3-DOF Hard-Soft Haptic Teleoperator
Authors: Goran A. V. Christiansson, Erik C. Fritz
Venue: Proceedings of the Second Joint EuroHaptics Conference and Symposium on Haptic Interfaces for Virtual Environment and Teleoperator Systems (2007)

A novel planar 3-degree of freedom (dof) haptic teleoperator based on the hard-soft principle is presented. The mechatronic concept of using a stiff master and a compliant slave has previously been shown to improve haptic teleoperation performance in 1-dof teleoperation, and the concept can now be experimentally verified for more realistic tasks. The master device consists of a stiff double-rhomb force-redundant parallel robot and the slave device is a serial robot with flexible joints. Identification experiments show that the teleoperation setup can achieve high stiffness (>1.5 N/mm) for the master side and low stiffness on the slave side (0.100 N/mm).
Functional similarities in spatial representations between real and virtual environments
Authors: Betsy Williams, Gayathri Narasimham, Claire Westerman, John Rieser, Bobby Bodenheimer
Venue: ACM Transactions on Applied Perception (TAP) (2007)

This paper presents results that demonstrate functional similarities in subjects' access to spatial knowledge (or spatial representation) between real and virtual environments. Such representations are important components of the transfer of reasoning ability and knowledge between these two environments. In particular, we present two experiments aimed at investigating similarities in spatial knowledge derived from exploring on foot both physical environments and virtual environments presented through a head-mounted display. In the first experiment, subjects were asked to learn the locations of target objects in the real or virtual environment and then rotate the perspective by either physically locomoting to a new facing direction or imagining moving. The latencies and errors were generally worse after imagining locomoting and for greater degrees of rotation in perspective; they did not differ significantly across knowledge derived from exploring the physical versus virtual environments. In the second experiment, subjects were asked to imagine simple rotations versus simple translations in perspective. The errors and latencies indicated that the to-be-imagined disparity was linearly related after learning the physical and virtual environment. These results demonstrate functional similarities in access to knowledge of new perspective when it is learned by exploring physical environments and virtual renderings of the same environment.