ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
DiVA: A Distributed Video Analysis Framework Applied to Video-Surveillance Systems
Authors: Juan Carlos San Miguel, Jesús Bescós, José M. Martínez, Álvaro García
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 Ninth International Workshop on Image Analysis for Multimedia Interactive Services (2008)

This paper describes a generic, scalable, and distributed framework for real-time video-analysis intended for research, prototyping and services deployment purposes. The architecture considers multiple cameras and is based on a server/client model. The information generated by each analysis module and the context information are made accessible to the whole system by using a database system. System modules can be interconnected in several ways, thus achieving flexibility. Two main design criteria have been low computational cost and easy component integration. The experimental results show the potential use of this system.
Biform Theories in Chiron
Authors: William M. Farmer
Venue: Proceedings of the 14th symposium on Towards Mechanized Mathematical Assistants: 6th International Conference (2007)

An axiomatic theory represents mathematical knowledge declaratively as a set of axioms. An algorithmic theory represents mathematical knowledge procedurally as a set of algorithms. A biform theory is simultaneously an axiomatic theory and an algorithmic theory. It represents mathematical knowledge both declaratively and procedurally. Since the algorithms of algorithmic theories manipulate the syntax of expressions, biform theories--as well as algorithmic theories--are difficult to formalize in a traditional logic without the means to reason about syntax. Chiron is a derivative of von-Neumann-Bernays-Gödel (nbg) set theory that is intended to be a practical, general-purpose logic for mechanizing mathematics. It includes elements of type theory, a scheme for handling undefinedness, and a facility for reasoning about the syntax of expressions. It is an exceptionally well-suited logic for formalizing biform theories. This paper defines the notion of a biform theory, gives an overview of Chiron, and illustrates how biform theories can be formalized in Chiron.
A Personalized Recommendation System Based on Multi-agent
Authors: Longjun Huang, Liping Dai, Yuanwang Wei, Minghe Huang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 Second International Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary Computing (2008)

Recommendation systems are widely used to cope with the problem of information overload and, consequently, many recommendation methods have been developed for the present recommendation systems, such as content-based, collaborative filtering, web mining-based and so on. But they are always lack of intelligence, self-adaptiveness and initiative. Aiming at these disadvantages, in this work, a personalized recommendation system (APRS) is presented with multi-agents based on web intelligence though. This paper discusses the system structure of APRS at first. In addition, it discusses the functions of every component and the operating process in the system. This recommendation system allows multiple recommendation methods to cooperate with one another to present their best recommendations to the user, can meet the needs of multiple recommendation, and the internet will appear some intelligent in the view of users.
System and Method for Providing SIP-Based Conference Service without Memorizing Temporary Conference ID
Authors: Wook Hyun, Shin-Gak Kang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Convergence and Hybrid Information Technology (2008)

In this paper, we present a system and method for providing an SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) based conference service; and, more particularly, to a system and method for providing a SIP based conference service, which improves user convenience by providing a way that user does not need to remember the temporary conference URI during creation and participation of conference session.
Tuning Topology Generators Using Spectral Distributions
Authors: Hamed Haddadi, Damien Fay, Steve Uhlig, Andrew Moore, Richard Mortier, Almerima Jamakovic, Miguel Rio
Venue: Proceedings of the SPEC international workshop on Performance Evaluation: Metrics, Models and Benchmarks (2008)

An increasing number of synthetic topology generators are available, each claiming to produce representative Internet topologies. Every generator has its own parameters, allowing the user to generate topologies with different characteristics. However, there exist no clear guidelines on tuning the value of these parameters in order to obtain a topology with specific characteristics.In this paper we optimize the parameters of several topology generators to match a given Internet topology. The optimization is performed either with respect to the link density, or to the spectrum of the normalized Laplacian matrix. Contrary to approaches in the literature that rely only on the largest eigenvalues, we take into account the set of all eigenvalues. However, we show that on their own the eigenvalues cannot be used to construct a metric for optimizing parameters. Instead we present a weighted spectral method which simultaneously takes into account all the properties of the graph.
Analyzing Tree-Like Structures in Biomedical Images Based on Texture and Branching: An Application to Breast Imaging
Authors: Michael Barnathan, Jingjing Zhang, Despina Kontos, Predrag Bakic, Andrew Maidment, Vasileios Megalooikonomou
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th international workshop on Digital Mammography (2008)

We propose an approach for analyzing tree-like structures in biomedical images. Our analysis is based on Vector Quantization (VQ), an image compression technique. Here, we approach VQ from a different perspective: we use the histogram of the codeword usage as a feature vector representing the initial image. As ductal tree topology has predictive value for a variety of diseases, such as papilloma, ductal ectasia, and ductal carcinoma, we chose to apply this technique to compare texture of the breast ductal tree in x-ray galactograms against the same tissue in corresponding unenhanced mammograms, which do not visualize the ductal tree. We also investigate the relationship between texture and the underlying ductal branching topology using descriptors adapted from the data mining literature. We believe that our method has the potential to assist the interpretation of clinical images and deepen our understanding of relationships among structure, texture, function, and pathology.
Multi-step load shedding scheme for voltage security assessment considering system disturbances
Authors: Abdul Rahman Minhat, Muhammad Murtadha Othman, Mohamad Khayat Idris, Noraliza Hamzah, Zuhaina Zakaria, Ismail Musirin
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th WSEAS International Conference on Application of Electrical Engineering (2008)

Voltage stability is a major concern in planning and operations of power systems. It is well known that voltage instability and collapse have led to major system failures; with the development of power markets, more and more electric utilities are facing voltage stability-imposed limits. Increasing demand in power system has led the system operating close to its stability limit. Therefore, small change in loading condition at this point will force the system towards collapse point which requires the urgency of immediate action. This paper presents multi-step load shedding scheme for voltage security assessment considering disturbances. In this study, transmission system with stressed condition was subjected to disturbances to bring the system to voltage collapse point, which subsequently activate the load scheme to secure the system. A new algorithm has been developed with initially setting up the system to be in stressed condition, followed by the disturbances subjected to the system and finally the load shedding process to secure the system from having collapse. A line-based voltage stability index was utilised as the instrument to measure the sensitiveness of a transmission line in a system which at the same time giving indication the urgency of load shedding to be performed to the system. Simulation results obtained from the rigorous study of the proposed technique indicated the feasibility of the technique to be performed into a larger system.
A developmental examination of amygdala response to facial expressions
Authors: Amanda E. Guyer, Christopher S. Monk, Erin B. McClure-Tone, Eric E. Nelson, Roxann Roberson-Nay, Abby D. Adler, Stephen J. Fromm, Ellen Leibenluft, Daniel S. Pine, Monique Ernst
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2008)

Several lines of evidence implicate the amygdala in face-emotion processing, particularly for fearful facial expressions. Related findings suggest that face-emotion processing engages the amygdala within an interconnected circuitry that can be studied using a functional-connectivity approach. Past work also underscores important functional changes in the amygdala during development. Taken together, prior research on amygdala function and development reveals a need for more work examining developmental changes in the amygdala's response to fearful faces and in amygdala functional connectivity during face processing. The present study used event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging to compare 31 adolescents (9--17 years old) and 30 adults (21--40 years old) on activation to fearful faces in the amygdala and other regions implicated in face processing. Moreover, these data were used to compare patterns of amygdala functional connectivity in adolescents and adults. During passive viewing, adolescents demonstrated greater amygdala and fusiform activation to fearful faces than did adults. Functional connectivity analysis revealed stronger connectivity between the amygdala and the hippocampus in adults than in adolescents. Within each group, variability in age did not correlate with amygdala response, and sex-related developmental differences in amygdala response were not found. Eye movement data collected outside of the magnetic resonance imaging scanner using the same task suggested that developmental differences in amygdala activation were not attributable to differences in eye-gaze patterns. Amygdala hyperactivation in response to fearful faces may explain increased vulnerability to affective disorders in adolescence; stronger amygdala-hippocampus connectivity in adults than adolescents may reflect maturation in learning or habituation to facial expressions.
Bayesian Network Structure Ensemble Learning
Authors: Feng Liu, Fengzhan Tian, Qiliang Zhu
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Advanced Data Mining and Applications (2007)

Bayesian networks (BNs) have been widely used for learning model structures of a domain in the area of data mining and knowledge discovery. This paper incorporates ensemble learning into BN structure learning algorithms and presents a novel ensemble BN structure learning approach. Based on the Markov condition and the faithfulness condition of BN structure learning, our ensemble approach proposes a novel sample decomposition technique and a components integration technique. The experimental results reveal that our ensemble BN structure learning approach can achieve an improved result compared with individual BN structure learning approach in terms of accuracy.
Defining a Legal Risk Management Strategy: Process, Legal Risk and Lifecycle
Authors: Ricardo J. Rejas-Muslera, Juan. J. Cuadrado-Gallego, Daniel Rodriguez
Venue: Proceedings of the 14th European conference on Software Process Improvement (2007)

All systems during their lifecycle, no matter how simple, will generate legal implications that need to be managed. The potential cost of an inadequate management of legal aspects can even imply the failure of the project. As a consequence, legal risk management should not only be a major activity of the development lifecycle, but it needs to be performed by qualified personnel following well-defined procedures and standards. However, current software process improvement models do not properly include processes for legal audits and more concretely legal risks management for each phase of the software development lifecycle. Neither in industry related to manage legal risks of software projects is possible to find well-defined and standardised projects. This lack of standardised process means that legal risks are handled reactively instead of proactively. This work presents a process for managing legal risks. It is organised by a series of activities to be performed at each stage of the software development lifecycle to eliminate or minimize the risk of project failures for legal reasons.
Texture or Color Analysis in Agronomic Images for Wheat Ear Counting
Authors: F. Cointault, P. Gouton
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 Third International IEEE Conference on Signal-Image Technologies and Internet-Based System (2007)

In agronomy, image processing techniques are more and more used to detect crop, weeds, diseases ... We proposed to study the feasibility to use color and/or texture analysis to evaluate the number of wheat ears per m² to simplify the manual countings currently done. In this paper we present firstly the use of color and texture image processing together to detect the ears, before to propose and compare different texture image segmentation techniques based on feature extraction by first and higher order statistical methods. The extracted features are used for unsupervised pixel classification to obtain the different classes in the image, before to use the k-means algorithm. Three methods have been tested with very heterogeneous results, except the run length technique for which the results are close to the manual countings (66% error). The hypothesis took into account for the textural analysis methods are currently modify to justify them more accurately, especially concerning the number of classes and the size of the analysis window.
Heterogeneous Coupled Evolution of Software Languages
Authors: Sander Vermolen, Eelco Visser
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (2008)

As most software artifacts, meta-models can evolve. Their evolution requires conforming models to co-evolve along with them. Coupled evolution supports this. Its applicability is not limited to the modeling domain. Other domains are for example evolving grammars or database schemas. Existing approaches to coupled evolution focus on a single, homogeneous domain. They solve the co-evolution problems locally and repeatedly. In this paper we present a systematic, heterogeneous approach to coupled evolution. It provides an automatically derived domain specific transformation language; a means of executing transformations at the top level; a derivation of the coupled bottom level transformation; and it allows for generic abstractions from elementary transformations. The feasibility of the architecture is evaluated by applying it to data model evolution.
Consistency-Degree Between Knowledges
Authors: M. K. Chakraborty, P. Samanta
Venue: Proceedings of the international conference on Rough Sets and Intelligent Systems Paradigms (2007)

A knowledge is considered to be a partition of the Universe into classes of objects indiscernible with respect to the information available. So, knowledge of two agents may differ. In this paper a consistency-measure between knowledges is obtained. It is shown that the complement of consistency-measure, viz. the inconsistency-measure, is a metric under certain restrictions. Some initial axioms of a logic of consistency are proposed.
DVB Service Security--A Problem in Development of Multi-service Television
Authors: Zbigniew Hulicki
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th European conference on Changing Television Environments (2008)

The paper aims to discuss the issues those concern secure service delivery on DVB platform. Although the infrastructure exist, the end-users are still not fully satisfied with development and proliferation of new TV services. Because traditional DVB network security model has a partial nature and provides only a certain level of security, it is difficult to offer new multimedia services with assurances that the required security level will be held. This restrains successful deployment of new content delivery services on digital TV platform. To solve the problem, technical capabilities of the DVB based infrastructure have been explored in terms of service implementation aspects and potential evolution of services in the future. The paper does propose to use comprehensive, multi-dimensional measures necessary to secure the whole distribution way of a content. Such approach, assuring a given security level, seems to be essential for the successful service deployment in a new, personalized multimedia environment.
Using Information Gain to Improve the ImageCLEF 2006 Collection
Authors: M. C. Díaz-Galiano, M. Á. García-Cumbreras, M. T. Martín-Valdivia, A. Montejo-Ráez, L. Alfonso Ureña-López
Venue: Evaluation of Multilingual and Multi-modal Information Retrieval: 7th Workshop of the Cross-Language Evaluation Forum, CLEF 2006, Alicante, Spain, September 20-22, 2006, Revised Selected Papers (2007)

This paper describes the SINAI team's participation in both the ad hoc task and the medical task. For the ad hoc task we use a new Machine Translation system which works with several translators and heuristics. For the medical task, we have processed the set of collections using Information Gain (IG) to identify the best tags that should be considered in the indexing process.
Fuzzy Multi-criteria Decision Making Based on Fuzzy Preference Relation
Authors: Hsuan-Shih Lee, Chen-Huei Yeh
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems, Part II (2008)

In this paper, we propose models to determine the weights of attributes by combining subjective information given by fuzzy preference relation and objective information given by the decision matrix. The fuzzy preference relations considered include the fuzzy preference relation with multiplicative transitivity and the fuzzy preference relation with additive transitivity. The proposed approaches are simpler than the previous methods that combine both subjective and objective information.
The Birth of Model Checking
Authors: Edmund M. Clarke
Venue: 25 Years of Model Checking: History, Achievements, Perspectives (2008)

"When the time is ripe for certain things, these things appear in different places in the manner of violets coming to light in early spring." (Wolfgang Bolyai to his son Johann in urging him to claim the invention of non- Euclidean geometry without delay [Vit88]).
Vendor selection by integrated fuzzy MCDM techniques with independent and interdependent relationships
Authors: Jiann Liang Yang, Huan Neng Chiu, Gwo-Hshiung Tzeng, Ruey Huei Yeh
Venue: Information Sciences: an International Journal (2008)

Vendor selection is an evaluation process that is based on many criteria that uses inaccurate or uncertain data. But while the criteria are often numerous and the relationships between higher-level criteria and lower-level sub-criteria are complex, most conventional decision models cannot help us clarify the interrelationships among the sub-criteria. Our proposed integrated fuzzy multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) method addresses this issue within the context of the vendor selection problem. First, we use triangular fuzzy numbers to express the subjective preferences of evaluators. Second, we use interpretive structural modeling (ISM) to map out the relationships among the sub-criteria. Third, we use the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method to compute the relative weights for each criterion, and we use non-additive fuzzy integral to obtain the fuzzy synthetic performance of each common criterion. Fourth, the best vendor is determined according to the overall aggregating score of each vendor using the fuzzy weights with fuzzy synthetic utilities. Fifth, we use an empirical example to show that our proposed method is preferred to the traditional method, especially when the sub-criteria are interdependent. Finally, our results provide valuable suggestions to vendors on how to improve each sub-criterion so that they can bridge the gap between actual and aspired performance values in the future.
Multi-objective Topology Optimization of Structures Using NN-OC Algorithms
Authors: Xinyu Shao, Zhimin Chen, Mingang Fu, Liang Gao
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th international symposium on Neural Networks: Advances in Neural Networks, Part III (2007)

Topology optimization problem, which involves many design variables, is commonly solved by finite element method, a method must recalculate structure-stiffness matrix each time of analysis. OC method is a good way to solve topology optimization problem, nevertheless, it can not solve multiobjective topology optimization problems. This paper introduces an effective solution to Multi-objective topology optimization problems by using Neural Network algorithms to improve the traditional OC method. Specifically, in each iteration, calculate the new neural network link weight vector by using the previous link weight vector in the last iteration and the compliance vector in the last time of optimization, then work out the impact factor of each optimization objective on the overall objective of the optimization in order to determine the optimal direction of each design variable.
Persuasive Technology Design --- A Rhetorical Approach
Authors: Kristian Tørning
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Persuasive Technology (2008)

This article offers a rhetorical design perspective on persuasive technology design, introducing Bitzer's method of the rhetorical situation. As a case study, knowledge workers in an industrial engineering corporation are examined using Bitzer's method. Introducing a new system, knowledge workers are to be given the task of innovating and maintaining business processes, thus contributing with content in an online environment. Qualitative data was gathered and Bitzer's theory was applied as a design principle to show that persuasive technology designers may benefit from adopting rhetorical communication theory as a guiding principle when designing systems. Bitzer's theory offers alternative ways to thinking about persuasive technology design.
Collaborative Tagging Applications and Approaches
Authors: Qingfeng Li, Stephen C-Y. Lu
Venue: IEEE MultiMedia (2008)

This article reviews the state of the art in collaborative tagging, its current challenges, and potential methods for resolving these challenges, with a special focus on Web-based, user-generated content applications.
Error Investigations in Complex Automata Models for Reaction-Diffusion Systems
Authors: Alfonso Caiazzo, Jean Luc Falcone, Bastien Chopard, Alfons G. Hoekstra
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Cellular Automata for Reseach and Industry (2008)

Complex Automata (CxA) have been recently introduced as a paradigm to simulate multiscale systems as a collection of generalized Cellular Automata on different scales. We present a basic mathematical framework to investigate the behavior of a CxA model depending on scale separation and modeling choices. In particular, a simple CxA model for a reaction-diffusion system, based on the lattice Boltzmann method, will be formally analyzed. Theoretical error estimates will be derived and numerically validated.