ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Discovering Process Models from Unlabelled Event Logs
Authors: Diogo R. Ferreira, Daniel Gillblad
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Business Process Management (2009)

Existing process mining techniques are able to discover process models from event logs where each event is known to have been produced by a given process instance. In this paper we remove this restriction and address the problem of discovering the process model when the event log is provided as an unlabelled stream of events. Using a probabilistic approach, it is possible to estimate the model by means of an iterative Expectaction---Maximization procedure. The same procedure can be used to find the case id in unlabelled event logs. A series of experiments show how the proposed technique performs under varying conditions and in the presence of certain workflow patterns. Results are presented for a running example based on a technical support process.
A Comparative Study of Online Privacy Policies and Formats
Authors: Aleecia M. Mcdonald, Robert W. Reeder, Patrick Gage Kelley, Lorrie Faith Cranor
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Privacy Enhancing Technologies (2009)

Online privacy policies are difficult to understand. Most privacy policies require a college reading level and an ability to decode legalistic, confusing, or jargon-laden phrases. Privacy researchers and industry groups have devised several standardized privacy policy formats to address these issues and help people compare policies. We evaluated three formats in this paper: layered policies, which present a short form with standardized components in addition to a full policy; the Privacy Finder privacy report, which standardizes the text descriptions of privacy practices in a brief bulleted format; and conventional non-standardized human-readable policies. We contrasted six companies' policies, deliberately selected to span the range from unusually readable to challenging. Based on the results of our online study of 749 Internet users, we found participants were not able to reliably understand companies' privacy practices with any of the formats. Compared to natural language, participants were faster with standardized formats but at the expense of accuracy for layered policies. Privacy Finder formats supported accuracy more than natural language for harder questions. Improved readability scores did not translate to improved performance. All formats and policies were similarly disliked. We discuss our findings as well as public policy implications.
Binary Relative Evaluation for Government Websites Performance: A Case Study from China
Authors: Zhang Guangjin, Tian Jiahua, Zeng Wei
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Forum on Information Technology and Applications - Volume 03 (2009)

The government websites, as the main content of E-government construction, attract much concern from lots of scholars, governments and research organizations. The evaluation on their performances has important effect to guide and inspect their construction. In order to remove the objective fundamental conditions' influence on the evaluation of their performances, the paper proposed the concepts of reference performance, current performance and performance with binary relative evaluation method, and built the binary relative performance to measure the extent of the government's subjective efforts in the construction of government websites. The paper evaluated the China provincial government websites with the binary relative evaluation method. The evaluation result showed the binary relative performance had incentive to all the governments and made the evaluation fairer.
Asynchronous Language and System of Numerical Algorithms Fragmented Programming
Authors: Sergey Arykov, Victor Malyshkin
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Parallel Computing Technologies (2009)

A fragmented approach to parallel programming of numerical methods and its implementation in the asynchronous programming system Aspect are considered. It provides several important advantages like automatic implementation of dynamic properties (setting up on available resources, dynamic load balancing, dynamic resource distribution, etc.) of an application program. The asynchronous parallel programming system Aspect is considered which implements a conception of fragmented programming on supercomputers with shared memory architecture.
Construction of an idiom corpus and its application to idiom identification based on WSD incorporating idiom-specific features
Authors: Chikara Hashimoto, Daisuke Kawahara
Venue: Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (2008)

Some phrases can be interpreted either idiomatically (figuratively) or literally in context, and the precise identification of idioms is indispensable for full-fledged natural language processing (NLP). To this end, we have constructed an idiom corpus for Japanese. This paper reports on the corpus and the results of an idiom identification experiment using the corpus. The corpus targets 146 ambiguous idioms, and consists of 102, 846 sentences, each of which is annotated with a literal/idiom label. For idiom identification, we targeted 90 out of the 146 idioms and adopted a word sense disambiguation (WSD) method using both common WSD features and idiom-specific features. The corpus and the experiment are the largest of their kind, as far as we know. As a result, we found that a standard supervised WSD method works well for the idiom identification and achieved an accuracy of 89.25% and 88.86% with/without idiom-specific features and that the most effective idiom-specific feature is the one involving the adjacency of idiom constituents.
Supporting Situation Awareness in Demanding Operating Environments through Wearable User Interfaces
Authors: Jari Laarni, Juhani Heinilä, Jukka Häkkinen, Virpi Kalakoski, Kari Kallinen, Kristian Lukander, Paula Löppönen, Tapio Palomäki, Niklas Ravaja, Paula Savioja, Antti Väätänen
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics: Held as Part of HCI International 2009 (2009)

The military environment is physically and mentally extremely stressful. Tasks in the operating environment are varied, demanding and hazardous. Due to these challenges, new user interfaces (UIs) are required providing improved soldier protection and performance both in day-time and night-time conditions. The new UIs should, e.g., improve the soldier's situation awareness, i.e., perception of information, integration of pieces of information, determination of their relevance to one's goals, and projection of their status in the future. The aim of the Finnish project called "Supporting situation awareness in demanding operating environments through wearable interfaces" is to develop UIs for wearable computers that help the special force soldier carry out his/her main critical tasks, e.g., detection and identification of enemies and features of the surrounding environment, navigation and self-localization, development of tactics and communication between and within military units. The main portions of the work are task and work analysis, and conceptual design and evaluation of prototype systems. The present paper present the project and the methods that are used in the functional analysis of military tasks.
An Anonymous Credit Card System
Authors: Elli Androulaki, Steven Bellovin
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Trust, Privacy and Security in Digital Business (2009)

Credit cards have many important benefits; however, these same benefits often carry with them many privacy concerns. In particular, the need for users to be able to monitor their own transactions, as well as bank's need to justify its payment requests from cardholders, entitle the latter to maintain a detailed log of all transactions its credit card customers were involved in. A bank can thus build a profile of each cardholder even without the latter's consent. In this paper, we present a practical and accountable anonymous credit system based on ecash, with a privacy preserving mechanism for error correction and expense-reporting.
Planning of Land Reclamation and Ecological Restoration in the Coal Mining Subsidence Areas of Wangwa Coal Mine
Authors: Hao Binbin, Qi Junde
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Environmental Science and Information Application Technology - Volume 03 (2009)

It is the most fragile ecological environment in Wangwa coal mine in south mountain areas in Ningxia. People's life and production had been seriously influenced by the coal mining subsidence area and the destroyed environment during coal mining. With the development of society, land reclamation must be imperative under the situation. Land reclamation is a complex and systematic project which need perfect plan and correct procedures step by step. The areas, especially the Eco-fragile Areas of west China, which had been destroyed within the process of construction, must be taken measures for regulation to renew the eco-environment.
Developing Some User Interfaces of TV under Enormous Channels Environment
Authors: Shumpei Tamaoki, Tomohiro Torikai, Hirohiko Mori
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Part IV: Interacting in Various Application Domains (2009)

Multi-channel digital broadcasting is very popular among people and offers us enormous programs and the increase of the number of the channels affects our behavior in watching TV. In the case of target-oriented watching, we have already some solutions. However, in the case of non-target watching, it is getting for us difficult to find some interesting programs in a relaxed attitude. In this study, we focus on the issue of EPG and we propose the improved systems to solve it. These systems facilitate users to shortening of program search time and grasping of program contents in the relaxed attitude. From the results of the experiment to evaluate them, we showed shortening of program search time.
Peer-Level Analysis of Distributed Multimedia Content Sharing
Authors: Joana Gonçalves, Paulo Salvador, António Nogueira, Rui Valadas
Venue: Traffic Management and Traffic Engineering for the Future Internet: First Euro-NF Workshop, FITraMEn 2008, Porto, Portugal, December 11-12, Revised Selected Papers (2009)

In the last few years, peer-to-peer (P2P) file-sharing applications have become very popular: more users are continuously joining such systems and more objects are being made available, seducing even more users to join. Today, the traffic generated by P2P systems accounts for a major fraction of the Internet traffic and is bound to increase. P2P networks are currently evolving towards a real time multimedia content distribution able to provide reliable IPTV and Video on Demand (VoD) services. These new services create several challenges, the most important one being how to efficiently share resources in an heterogeneous, dynamic and continuously evolving group of peers. A detailed peer-level characterization is therefore fundamental for the technical and marketing design, deployment and management of these new services.This paper will be focused on the characterization of BitTorrent as one of the most important P2P applications and, from that analysis, will try to extrapolate the main characteristics and behaviours of the potential P2P real-time multimedia content distribution clients. Specifically, the paper analyses the geographical localization of the involved peers, the peers' availability and the Round Trip Time (RTT) between peers as a function of the time and for different categories of shared files. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Thrust Dynamic Decoupling Control Based on Disturbance Observer for a Novel Planar Magnetic Suspension Stage
Authors: Zhenxiong Zhou, Jiandong Yang, Yongyin Qu, Dejun Liu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation - Volume 01 (2009)

A novel planar magnetic suspension stage has been presented in this paper, a decoupling control approach based on dynamic inversion has used for planar magnetic suspension stage system that is a nonlinear, multivariable and strong coupling system . so this method makes the complicated system becomes simplify and linear. The disturbance has been suppressed by using the disturbance observer. The result of simulation indicate the proposed scheme have better dynamic and static characteristics and robust.
Identification of Time-Varying System Based on Fourier Series
Authors: Zhang Qizhi, Lin Li
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 WRI Global Congress on Intelligent Systems - Volume 02 (2009)

The identification problem of time-varying systems is considered in this paper. It is demonstrated that the parameters of the time-varying model can be approximated by Fourier series in the continuous range, but the Gibbs phenomenon occurs at discontinuous points. The identification algorithms with compensation of the estimation error caused by Gibbs phenomenon are investigated and the method is proposed to reduce computational complexity. Furthermore, the recursive identification algorithms are developed for on-line estimation. In contrast to RLS or LMS, the proposed approaches converge quickly to the varying parameters and show good tracking performance.
Towards Automated Software Verification Using Model Checking Techniques
Authors: Somayeh Asadollahi, Vahid Rafe, Reza Rafeh, Adel T. Rahmani
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Third IEEE International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Software Engineering (2009)

Today, it's an important requirement to have software systems without any bug. Model checking has proven to be a viable solution for reasoning about behavior properties of many different software artifacts. In this paper, we present a solution to verify software models which formally specified by layered graph transformation systems using a model checker called Bogor.
Multichannel intracortical neurorecording: integration and packaging challenges
Authors: Mohamad Sawan, Benoit Gosselin
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Symposium on Integrated Circuits and System Design: Chip on the Dunes (2009)

This paper covers an overview of multichannel massively parallel biosensing device dedicated for neural recording from the cortex. Attention is paid to describe the design techniques and assembly methods of high reliability Microsystems. These devices are optimized, first from the circuit level, to meet ultra low-power budget and all needed flexibility for efficient neurorecording. Second, at the system level, integration of multichips and their interconnections on top of electrode arrays represent challenging tasks to optimize the building of implantable intracortical sensors. Such device includes electrode arrays, preamplification front-end, data conversion, signal processing for the detection of neural events (spikes). It includes also multiple wireless links, the first one is for affording the energy to power up the whole implant, while data are exchanged bidirectionaly with a base station through two other links for data down and up links. Experimental results are shown.
New oscillation criteria for second-order nonlinear neutral delay differential equations
Authors: Lihua Liu, Yuzhen Bai
Venue: Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics (2009)

In this paper, several new oscillation criteria for the second-order nonlinear neutral delay differential equation [r(t)|(x(t)+p(t)x[@s(t)])^'|^m^-^1(x(t)+p(t)x[@s(t)])^']^'+q(t)f(x[@t(t)])=0,t>=t"0 are established. These oscillation criteria extend and improve some known results. An interesting example illustrating the importance of our results is also provided.
Capturing the User's Reading Context for Tailoring Summaries
Authors: Cécile Paris, Stephen Wan
Venue: Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on User Modeling, Adaptation, and Personalization: formerly UM and AH (2009)

The web has become a major source of information to learn about a topic. With the continuous growth of information and its high connectivity, it is hard to follow only the links that are relevant and not to get lost in hyperspace. Our aim is to support people who read documents in a highly connected information space, helping them remain on focus. Our contextually-aware in-browser text summarisation tool, IBES, does this by capturing users' current interests and providing users with contextualised summaries of linked documents, to help them decide whether the link is worth following.
Performance balancing: software-based on-chip memory management for effective CMP executions
Authors: Naoto Fukumoto, Kenichi Imazato, Koji Inoue, Kazuaki Murakami
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th MEDEA workshop on MEmory performance: DEaling with Applications, systems and architecture (2009)

This paper proposes the concept of performance balancing, and reports its performance impact on a Chip multiprocessor (CMP). Integrating multiple processor cores into a single chip, or CMPs, can achieve higher peak performance by means of exploiting thread level parallelism. However, the off-chip memory bandwidth which does not scale with the number of cores tends to limit the potential of CMPs. To solve this issue, the technique proposed in this paper attempts to make a good balance between computation and memorization. Unlike conventional parallel executions, this approach exploits some cores to improve the memory performance. These cores devote the on-chip memory hardware resources to the remaining cores executing the parallelized threads. In our evaluation, it is observed that our approach can achieve 31% of performance improvement compared to a conventional parallel execution model in the specified program.
Using Edit Automata for Rewriting-Based Security Enforcement
Authors: Hakima Ould-Slimane, Mohamed Mejri, Kamel Adi
Venue: Proceedings of the 23rd Annual IFIP WG 11.3 Working Conference on Data and Applications Security XXIII (2009)

Execution monitoring (EM) is a widely adopted class of security mechanisms. EM-enforceable security properties are usually characterized by security automata and their derivatives. However Edit automata (EA) have been recently proposed to specify more powerful EMs. Being able to feign the execution of sensitive program actions, these EMs are supposed to enforce more security properties. However, feigning program actions will usually make the program behaving in discordance with its specification since the effects of feigned actions are not reflected in the program states. In this paper we highlight this problem and show how program rewriting can be a reliable enforcement alternative. The paper contribution is mainly a semantics foundation for program rewriting enforcement of EA-enforceable security properties.
Exploring Trust, Security and Privacy in Digital Business
Authors: Simone Fischer-Hübner, Steven Furnell, Costas Lambrinoudakis
Venue: Transactions on Large-Scale Data- and Knowledge-Centered Systems I (2009)

Security and privacy are widely held to be fundamental requirements for establishing trust in digital business. This paper examines the relationship between the factors, and the different strategies that may be needed in order to provide an adequate foundation for users' trust. The discussion begins by recognising that users often lack confidence that sufficient security and privacy safeguards can be delivered from a technology perspective, and therefore require more than a simple assurance that they are protected. One contribution in this respect is the provision of a Trust Evaluation Function, which supports the user in reaching more informed decisions about the safeguards provided in different contexts. Even then, however, some users will not be satisfied with technology-based assurances, and the paper consequently considers the extent to which risk mitigation can be offered via routes, such as insurance. The discussion concludes by highlighting a series of further open issues that also require attention in order for trust to be more firmly and widely established.
Digital Photographer's Guide to B&W Landscape Photography
Authors: George Schaub
Venue:  (2009)

Digital technology has revolutionized photographynowhere more dramatically than with black-and-white. Interest in the subject has reached an all-time high, and this guide by an esteemed photographer and editor of Shutterbug magazine is the only complete foundation course on monochrome digital landscape photography. It explains all the basics of the highly popular subject: how to meter and expose scenes so they convert well to grayscale, control how colors are rendered as gray tones, expose for highlights and develop (in the computer) for the lowlights, manage contrast, and create a magical print. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Constraint Programming Models for Transposition Distance Problem
Authors: Ulisses Dias, Zanoni Dias
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th Brazilian Symposium on Bioinformatics: Advances in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (2009)

Genome Rearrangements addresses the problem of finding the minimum number of global operations, such as transpositions, reversals, fusions and fissions that transform a given genome into another. In this paper we deal with transposition events, which are events that change the position of two contiguous block of genes in the same chromosome. The transposition event generates the transposition distance problem, that is to find the minimum number of transposition that transform one genome (or chromosome) into another. Although some tractables instances were found [20,14], it is not known if an exact polynomial time algorithm exists. Recently, Dias and Souza [9] proposed polynomial-sized Integer Linear Programming (ILP) models for rearrangement distance problems where events are restricted to reversals, transpositions or a combination of both. In this work we devise a slight different approach. We present some Constraint Logic Programming (CLP) models for transposition distance based on known bounds to the problem.
Suspicion-Driven Formal Analysis of Security Requirements
Authors: Nuno Amalio
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Third International Conference on Emerging Security Information, Systems and Technologies (2009)

Increasingly, engineers need to approach security and software engineering in a unified way. This paper presents an approach to the formal analysis of security requirements that is based on planning and uses the concept of suspicion to guide the search for threats and security vulnerabilities in requirements. The approach is tested and illustrated by conducting two experiments: one focussing on a system with a confidentiality security property, and another with an integrity security property enforced through the separation of duty principle. The paper shows that suspicion plays an important rôle in finding vulnerabilities and security threats in requirements.