ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Probabilistic modeling of quantum-dot cellular automata
Authors: Sanjukta Bhanja
Venue:  (2008)

As CMOS scaling faces a technological barrier in the near future, novel design paradigms are being proposed to keep up with the ever growing need for computation power and speed. Most of these novel technologies have device sizes comparable to atomic and molecular scales. At these levels the quantum mechanical effects play a dominant role in device performance, thus inducing uncertainty. The wave nature of particle matter and the uncertainty associated with device operation make a case for probabilistic modeling of the device. As the dimensions go down to a molecular scale, functioning of a nano-device will be governed primarily by the atomic level device physics. Modeling a device at such a small scale will require taking into account the quantum mechanical phenomenon inherent to the device. In this dissertation, we studied one such nano-device: Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata (QCA). We used probabilistic modeling to perform a fast approximation based method to estimate error, power and reliability in large QCA circuits. First, we associate the quantum mechanical probabilities associated with each QCA cell to design and build a probabilistic Bayesian network. Our proposed modeling is derived from density matrix-based quantum modeling, and it takes into account dependency patterns induced by clocking. Our modeling scheme is orders of magnitude faster than the coherent vector simulation method that uses quantum mechanical simulations. Furthermore, our output node polarization values match those obtained from the state of the art simulations. Second, we use this model to approximate power dissipated in a QCA circuit during a non-adiabatic switching event and also to isolate the thermal hotspots in a design. Third, we also use a hierarchical probabilistic macromodeling scheme to model QCA designs at circuit level to isolate weak spots early in the design process. It can also be used to compare two functionally equivalent logic designs without performing the expensive quantum mechanical simulations. Finally, we perform optimization studies on different QCA layouts by analyzing the designs for error and power over a range of kink energies. To the best of our knowledge the non-adiabatic power model presented in this dissertation is the first work that uses abrupt clocking scheme to estimate realistic power dissipation. All prior works used quasi-adiabatic power dissipation models. The hierarchical macromodel design is also the first work in QCA design that uses circuit level modeling and is faithful to the underlying layout level design. The effect of kink energy to study power-error tradeoffs will be of great use to circuit designers and fabrication scientists in choosing the most suitable design parameters such as cell size and grid spacing.
A complete classification of ethical attitudes in multiple agent systems
Authors: Matteo Cristani, Elisa Burato
Venue: Proceedings of The 8th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems - Volume 2 (2009)

We provide a complete classification of agents' attitudes in performing actions that are evaluated in a three-valued space with respect to three evaluation contexts: personal advantage, social usefulness and legality. Moreover we found an algorithmical approach to approximatively solve the problem of abducing the agent's attitude by observing the actions she chose among her feasible ones. Knowing agents' behavioural rules is relevant in constituting agents' societies.
Transitions of a Multi-scale Image Hierarchy Tree
Authors: Arjan Kuijper
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Scale Space and Variational Methods in Computer Vision (2009)

In this work we describe the possible transitions for the hierarchical structure that describes an image in Gaussian scale space. Until now, this tree structure has only been used for topological segmentation. In order to perform image matching and retrieval tasks based on this structure, one needs to know which transitions are allowed when the structure is changed under influence of one control parameter. We present a list of such transitions, enabling tree edit distance operations.
Nested parallelization with OpenMP
Authors: Dieter An Mey, Samuel Sarholz, Christian Terboven
Venue: International Journal of Parallel Programming (2007)

OpenMP is widely accepted as a de facto standard for shared memory parallel programming in Fortran, C and C++. Nested parallelization has been included in the first OpenMP specification, but it took a few years until the first commercially available compilers supported this optional part of the specification. We employed nested parallelization using OpenMP in three production codes: a C++ code for content-based image retrieval, a C++ code for the computation of critical points in multi-block CFD datasets, and a multi-block Navier-Stokes solver written in Fortran90. In this paper we discuss the opportunities as well as the deficiencies of the nested parallelization support in OpenMP.
Trust Aware Negotiation Dissolution
Authors: Nicolás Hormazábal, Josep Lluis de la Rosa i Esteva, Silvana Aciar
Venue: Proceeding of the 2008 conference on ECAI 2008: 18th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence (2008)

In this paper we propose a recommender system that suggests the best moment to end a negotiation. The recommendation is made from a trust evaluation of every agent in the negotiation based on their past negotiation experiences. For this, we introduce the Trust Aware Negotiation Dissolution algorithm.
Valuation of forward-starting CDOs
Authors: Ken Jackson, Wanhe Zhang
Venue: International Journal of Computer Mathematics (2009)

A forward-starting collateralized debt obligation (FCDO) is a single tranche CDO with a specified premium starting at a specified future time. Pricing and hedging FCDOs have become an active research topic. We develop a generic method for pricing FCDOs, which is applicable to any model based on the conditional independence framework. The method converts the pricing of an FCDO to an equivalent synthetic CDO pricing problem. The value of the FCDO can then be computed by the well-developed methods for pricing the equivalent synthetic one. We illustrate our method by the market-standard Gaussian factor copula model. Numerical results demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of our method.
High κ for MIM and RRAM applications: Impact of the metallic electrode and oxygen vacancies
Authors: C. Vallée, P. Gonon, C. Jorel, F. El Kamel, M. Mougenot, V. Jousseaume
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2009)

Influence of metallic electrode and oxygen vacancies in MIM capacitors and MIM RRAM high @k based devices is studied. For both MIM capacitors and MIM RRAM it is shown that the electrode composition strongly influences the overall behavior of the devices and more precisely, the capacitance-voltage curve (nonlinearities) for MIM capacitors, and the switching mechanism (SET/RESET) for MIM RRAM. Best results for HfO"2 RRAM are obtained with Pt as bottom electrode instead of TiN while very low capacitance variations are observed for high work function electrodes, or more precisely electrodes with low oxygen affinity. These evolutions are related to the oxygen vacancies concentration and migration to the cathode electrode/high @k interface.
A terminal-controlled vertical handover decision scheme in IEEE 802.21-enabled heterogeneous wireless networks
Authors: Jung-Shyr Wu, Shun-Fang Yang, Bor-Jiunn Hwang
Venue: International Journal of Communication Systems (2009)

The seamless internetworking among heterogeneous networks is in great demand to provide &lsquo;always-on&rsquo; connectivity services with quality of service (QoS) provision, anywhere at anytime. The integration of wireless-fidelity (Wi-Fi) and wireless metropolitan area networks (WiMAX) networks can combine their best features to provide ubiquitous access, while mediating the weakness of both networks. While it is challenging to obtain optimized handover decision-based dynamic QoS information, users can improve their perceived QoS by using the terminal-controlled handover decision in a single device equipped with multiple radio interfaces. The IEEE 802.21 aims at providing a framework that defines media-independent handover (MIH) mechanism that supports seamless handover across heterogeneous networks. In this paper, an multiple attributes decision making-based terminal-controlled vertical handover decision scheme using MIH services is proposed in the integrated Wi-Fi and WiMAX networks to provide &lsquo;always-on&rsquo; connectivity QoS services. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme provides smaller handover times and lower dropping rate than the RSS-based and cost function-based vertical handover schemes. Copyright &copy; 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Linear and non-linear behavior of mechanical resonators for optimized inertial electromagnetic microgenerators
Authors: C. Serre, A. P&#x00e9;rez-Rodr&#x00ed;guez, N. Fondevilla, E. Martincic, J. R. Morante, J. Montserrat, J. Esteve
Venue: Microsystem Technologies (2009)

In this work, the design, fabrication and characterization of an electromagnetic inertial microgenerator compatible with Si micro-systems technology is presented. The device includes a fixed micromachined coil and a movable magnet mounted on a resonant polymeric structure. The characterization of the fabricated prototypes has allowed to observe the presence of non-linear effects that lead to the appearance of hysteretic vibrational phenomenon and strongly affect the output of the microgenerator. These effects are likely related to the mechanical characteristics of the polymeric membrane, and determine an additional dependence of vibration frequency on the excitation amplitude. Under such non-linear conditions, power densities up to 40&#x00a0;&#x03bc;W/cm3 are obtained for devices working with low level excitation conditions similar to those present in domestic and office environment.
Whole-brain thinking in systems architecting
Authors: Tony Di Carlo, Behrokh Khoshnevis, Firdaus Udwadia
Venue: Systems Engineering (2009)

This position paper&dagger; explores the role of whole-brain thinking in the context of systems architecting. Brain research indicates that the brain is dual and that each of its hemispheres interprets the world differently; the concept is commonly referred to as right-brain and left-brain thinking, or sometimes R-mode and L-mode for short. L-mode denotes step-by-step linear thinking. R-mode is integrative and holistic. It pays to extend this to systems architecting. For example, there may be two ways to look at complexity, analytically and holistically. Step-by-step analysis is well suited for low-dimensional complexity. As complexity increases methodical analytical skills become overwhelmed and we are bogged down, maybe even forced into complacent partial representation&mdash;tunnel vision. Learning to &ldquo;see&rdquo; the complex may benefit from a shift from the analytical to the holistic, from L-mode to R-mode thinking, or a better blending of the two. We begin with a cursory review of brain theory and applications thereof in drawing, management and creativity theory, and then follow up with observations of blended L-R-mode thinking in the context of systems architecting. Our hope is to distill from these sources whole-brain mental strategies that may be relevant to systems architects. &copy; 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Eng
Modelling erosion and sediment delivery from unsealed roads in southeast Australia
Authors: B. Fu, L. T. H. Newham, J. B. Field
Venue: Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (2009)

Unsealed roads and tracks are potentially significant sources of diffuse pollutants, particularly sediment. This paper describes the application and development of a road erosion and sediment transport model in the Moruya-Deua and Tuross River catchments of southeast Australia. An empirical model based on the Washington Road Surface Erosion Model (WARSEM) is applied using typically widely available spatial data sets and field-collected data. The results suggest that approximately 21kt and 35kt of sediment respectively are produced annually from road erosion in the Moruya-Deua and Tuross River catchments, but that less than 10% of the sediment is delivered to streams. Surprisingly, about half of the delivered sediment is derived from only 4% of the total road network. Testing of the model shows that the model outputs are likely to overestimate road erosion rates. To address this problem, catchment-specific testing of the factors of the model and improving knowledge of the processes of road to stream sediment transport are required.
Computer-Supported Focusing Interface for Collaborative Learning
Authors: Yuki Hayashi, Tomoko Kojiri, Toyohide Watanabe
Venue: Proceeding of the 2007 conference on Supporting Learning Flow through Integrative Technologies (2007)

In the distributed collaborative learning environment, it is hard to study with others smoothly because of physical distance among learners. In order for learners to collaborate with others timely, they should acquire the available information about the learning situation, the behaviors of other learners, the expressions of other learners etc. In this paper, we propose a round-table interface in which focusing intentions of learners are reflected by the directions of their views. That is, learner's intention for focusing on others is reflected by automatically changing the learner view to their focused target according to the focusing degrees. Moreover, focusing intentions of other learners are represented by the directions of their camera images assigned around the round-table. Based on the experimental results in point of changing the learner view, it is proved that learners are able to feel sharing the same environment with others. Moreover, they are encouraged to interact with others more smoothly and effectively.
Don't worry about metaphor: affect extraction for conversational agents
Authors: Catherine Smith, Tim Rumbell, John Barnden, Bob Hendley, Mark Lee, Alan Wallington
Venue: Proceedings of the 45th Annual Meeting of the ACL on Interactive Poster and Demonstration Sessions (2007)

We demonstrate one aspect of an affect-extraction system for use in intelligent conversational agents. This aspect performs a degree of affective interpretation of some types of metaphorical utterance.
Observer-based dynamic walking control for biped robots
Authors: Stefan Czarnetzki, Sören Kerner, Oliver Urbann
Venue: Robotics and Autonomous Systems (2009)

This article presents a novel observer-based control system to achieve reactive motion generation for dynamic biped walking. The proposed approach combines a feedback controller with an online generated feet pattern to assure a stable gait. Using the desired speed of the robot, a preview control system derives the dynamics of the robot's body, and thereby the trajectory of its center of mass, to ensure a zero moment point (ZMP) movement, which results in a stable execution of the calculated step pattern. Extending the control system by an observer, based on this knowledge and the measured sensor values, compensates for errors in the model parameters and disturbances encountering while walking.
An accurate adaptive solver for surface-tension-driven interfacial flows
Authors: Stéphane Popinet
Venue: Journal of Computational Physics (2009)

A method combining an adaptive quad/octree spatial discretisation, geometrical Volume-Of-Fluid interface representation, balanced-force continuum-surface-force surface-tension formulation and height-function curvature estimation is presented. The extension of these methods to the quad/octree discretisation allows adaptive variable resolution along the interface and is described in detail. The method is shown to recover exact equilibrium (to machine accuracy) between surface-tension and pressure gradient in the case of a stationary droplet, irrespective of viscosity and spatial resolution. Accurate solutions are obtained for the classical test case of capillary wave oscillations. An application to the capillary breakup of a jet of water in air further illustrates the accuracy and efficiency of the method. The source code of the implementation is freely available as part of the Gerris flow solver.
Performance Evaluation of Impulse Radio UWB Networks Using Common or Private Acquisition Preambles
Authors: Ruben Merz, Jean-Yves Le Boudec
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing (2009)

For impulse-radio ultrawideband (IR-UWB) networks without global synchronization, the first step for correct packet reception is packet detection and timing acquisition: Before recovering the payload of the packet, the destination must detect that the packet is on the medium and determine when exactly the payload begins. Packet detection and timing acquisition rely on the presence of an acquisition preamble at the beginning of each packet. How this preamble is chosen is a network design issue and it may have quite an impact on the network performance. A simple design choice of the network is to use a common acquisition preamble for the whole network. A second design choice is to use an acquisition preamble that is private to each destination. The throughput with the latter choice is likely to be much higher, albeit at the cost of learning the private acquisition preamble of a destination. In this paper, we evaluate how using a common or private acquisition preambles affects the network throughput. Our analysis is based on analytical modeling and simulations. Using our analytical model, we show that a private acquisition preamble yields a tremendous increase in throughput compared to a common acquisition preamble. The throughput difference grows with the number of concurrent transmitters and interferers. This result is confirmed by simulations. Furthermore, additional simulations on multihop topologies with TCP flows demonstrate that a network using private acquisition preambles has a stable throughput. On the contrary, using a common acquisition preamble exhibits the presence of a compounding effect similar to the exposed terminal issue in IEEE 802.11 networks: The throughput is severely degraded and complete flow starvation may occur.
Fuzzy multiobjective optimization modeling with mathematica
Authors: André A. Keller
Venue: WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on SYSTEMS (2009)

In the real situations, decision makers are often faced to a plurality of objectives and constraints in a world of imprecise data about the preferences of agents, the local constraints and the global environment. In a fuzzy environment, fuzzy linear programming (FLP) and fuzzy goal programming (FGP) problems incorporate fuzzy objective functions and constraints, fuzzy parameter and variable sets. Mathematical operators are used to aggregate the fuzzy objective functions and constraints. The optimal solution corresponds to the maximum degree of the membership function in the decision set. The resolution of the multi-objective FLP consists in reducing the vector optimization of objective functions to a single objective. Weighted goal programming problems consider the relative importance of objectives. This contribution surveys essential techniques with numerical applications to simple economic problems. The computations are carried out using the software Mathematica® 7.0.1 and the subpackage Fuzzy Logic 2, from which selected primitives are proposed.
Partially supervised feature selection with regularized linear models
Authors: Thibault Helleputte, Pierre Dupont
Venue: Proceedings of the 26th Annual International Conference on Machine Learning (2009)

This paper addresses feature selection techniques for classification of high dimensional data, such as those produced by microarray experiments. Some prior knowledge may be available in this context to bias the selection towards some dimensions (genes) a priori assumed to be more relevant. We propose a feature selection method making use of this partial supervision. It extends previous works on embedded feature selection with linear models including regularization to enforce sparsity. A practical approximation of this technique reduces to standard SVM learning with iterative rescaling of the inputs. The scaling factors depend here on the prior knowledge but the final selection may depart from it. Practical results on several microarray data sets show the benefits of the proposed approach in terms of the stability of the selected gene lists with improved classification performances.
A new marketing strategy map for direct marketing
Authors: Young Ae Kim, Hee Seok Song, Soung Hie Kim
Venue: Knowledge-Based Systems (2009)

Direct marketing is one of the most effective marketing methods with an aim to maximize the customer's lifetime value. Many cost-sensitive learning methods which identify valuable customers to maximize expected profit have been proposed. However, current cost-sensitive methods for profit maximization do not identify how to control the defection probability while maximizing total profits over the customer's lifetime. Unfortunately, optimal marketing actions to maximize profits often perform poorly in minimizing the defection probability due to a conflict between these two objectives. In this paper, we propose the sequential decision making method for profit maximization under the given defection probability in direct marketing. We adopt a Reinforcement Learning algorithm to determine the sequential optimal marketing actions. With this finding, we design a marketing strategy map which helps a marketing manager identify sequential optimal campaigns and the shortest paths toward desirable states. Ultimately, this strategy leads to the ideal design for more effective campaigns.
Rapid prototyping and manufacturing for tissue engineering scaffolds
Authors: P. J. S. Bartolo, H. Almeida, T. Laoui
Venue: International Journal of Computer Applications in Technology (2009)

The controlled fabrication of the scaffold structures for tissue engineering is becoming increasingly important as a viable vehicle in future for regenerative medicine. This paper provides a brief description of the conventional techniques used to manufacture scaffolds and the associated limitations, particularly the lack of full control of the pore morphology and architecture as well as reproducibility. Rapid Prototyping and Manufacturing (RP&amp;M) technology, based on layer-by-layer additive approach, offers a unique opportunity to overcome these limitations allowing the build of scaffold structures tailored to specific applications and ultimately individual patients. The main RP&amp;M processes, namely stereolithography; laser sintering; extrusion and Three-Dimensional (3D) printing, are described in detail along the main research efforts deployed towards the fabrication of simple and complex 3D scaffolds.
Circle Formation Control of Large-Scale Intelligent Swarm Systems in a Distributed Fashion
Authors: Zhibin Xue, Jianchao Zeng
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Neural Networks: Advances in Neural Networks - Part II (2009)

The circle formation is a good starting point for many symmetric formations like an approximation of a circle, a simple polygon, or a line segment etc in the plane. A distributed manner is presented to fulfill the coordinated task of N mobile agents swarm (which could be swarm robotics, unmanned air/ocean vehicles namely UAV, satellites, mobile sensors, aircraft and spacecraft etc.) being forced to achieve a circle formation while avoiding collision between themselves. The control development method is based on artificial potential function namely APF and Newton-Raphson iteration. Finally, the performance of the method is examined by numerical simulations, the results further indicated that the individual members living in swarm during the course of coordinative motion can realize the stabilization of particular predefined a desired circle or a convex polygon formation.