ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Neuro-fuzzy ellipsoid basis function multiple classifier for diagnosis of urinary tract infections
Authors: E. Wadge, V. Kodogiannis, D. Tomtsis
Venue: Proceedings of the international conference on Computational methods in sciences and engineering (2003)

Recently, the use of smell in clinical diagnosis has been rediscovered due to major advances in odour sensing technology and artificial intelligence. Urinary tract infections are a serious health problem producing significant morbidity in a vast number of people each year. A newly developed "artificial nose" based on chemoresistive sensors has been employed to identify in vivo urine samples from 45 patients with suspected uncomplicated UTI who were scheduled for micro-biological analysis in a UK Health Laboratory environment. An intelligent model consisting of an odour generation mechanism, rapid volatile delivery and recovery system, and a classifier system based on artificial based techniques has been developed. The implementation of an advanced hybrid neuro-fuzzy scheme and the concept of fusion of multiple classifiers dedicated to specific feature parameters has been also adopted in this study. The experimental results confirm the validity of the presented methods.
PixelMaps: A New Visual Data Mining Approach for Analyzing Large Spatial Data Sets
Authors: Daniel A. Keim, Christian Panse, Mike Sips, Stephen C. North
Venue: Proceedings of the Third IEEE International Conference on Data Mining (2003)

PixelMaps are a new pixel-oriented visual data miningtechnique for large spatial datasets. They combine kernel-density-based clustering with pixel-oriented displays to emphasizeclusters while avoiding overlap in locally densepoint sets on maps. Because a full evaluation of densityfunctions is prohibitively expensive, we also propose an efficientapproximation, Fast-PixelMap, based on a synthesisof the quadtree and gridfile data structures.
Process analysis and product quality estimation by self-organizing maps with an application to polyethylene production
Authors: Janos Abonyi, Sandor Nemeth, Csaba Vincze, Peter Arva
Venue: Computers in Industry (2003)

The huge amount of data recorded by modern production systems definitely have the potential to provide information for product and process design, monitoring and control. This paper presents a soft-computing (SC)-based approach for the extraction of knowledge from the historical data of production. Since Self-Organizing Maps (SOM) provide compact representation of the data distribution, efficient process monitoring can be performed in the two-dimensional projection of the process variables. For the estimation of the product quality, multiple local linear models are identified, where the operating regimes of the local models are obtained by the Voronoi diagram of the prototype vectors of the SOM. The proposed approach is applied to the analysis of an industrial polyethylene plant. The detailed application study demonstrates that the SOM is very effective in the detection of the typical operating regions related to different product grades, and the model can be used to predict the product quality (melt index and density) based on measured process variables.
A control-theoretic approach to dynamic voltage scheduling
Authors: Ankush Varma, Brinda Ganesh, Mainak Sen, Suchismita Roy Choudhury, Lakshmi Srinivasan, Bruce Jacob
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 international conference on Compilers, architecture and synthesis for embedded systems (2003)

The development of energy-conscious embedded and/or mobile systems exposes a trade-off between energy consumption and system performance. Recent microprocessors have incorporated dynamic voltage scaling as a tool that system software can use to explore this trade-off. Developing appropriate heuristics to control this feature is a non-trivial venture; as has been shown in the past, voltage-scaling heuristics that closely track perceived performance requirements do not save much energy, while those that save the most energy tend to do so at the expense of performance resulting in poor response time, for example. We note that the task of dynamically scaling processor speed and voltage to meet changing performance requirements resembles a classical control-systems problem, and so we apply a bit of control theory to the task in order to define a new voltage-scaling algorithm. We find that, using our nqPID (not quite PID) algorithm, one can improve upon the current best-of-class heuristic Pering's AVGN algorithm, based on Govil's AGED AVERAGES algorithm and Weiser's PAST algorithm in both energy consumption and performance. The study is execution-based, not-trace-based; the voltage-scaling heuristics were integrated into an embedded operating system running on a Motorola M-CORE processor model. The applications studied are all members of the MediaBench benchmark suite.
A comprehensive and systematic model of user evaluation of web search engines: I. theory and background
Authors: Louise T. Su
Venue: Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology (2003)

The project proposes and tests a comprehensive and systematic model of user evaluation of Web search engines. The project contains two parts. Part I describes the background and the model including a set of criteria and measures, and a method for implementation. It includes a literature review for two periods. The early period (1995-1996) portrays the settings for developing the model and the later period (1997-2000) places two applications of the model among contemporary evaluation work. Part II presents one of the applications that investigated the evaluation of four major search engines by 36 undergraduates from three academic disciplines. It reports results from statistical analyses of quantitative data for the entire sample and among disciplines, and content analysis of verbal data containing users' reasons for satisfaction. The proposed model aims to provide systematic feedback to engine developers or service providers for system improvement and to generate useful insight for system design and tool choice. The model can be applied to evaluating other compatible information retrieval systems or information retrieval (IR) techniques. It intends to contribute to developing a theory of relevance that goes beyond topicality to include value and usefulness for designing user-oriented information retrieval systems.
Generation of concept maps from medical index terms for diagrammatic reasoning in physiology tutorials
Authors: Martha W. Evens, C. Robert Carlson
Venue:  (2003)

In an effort to demonstrate that diagrammatic reasoning helps people learn new concepts and the relationships between them, we developed a suite of tutorial programs in physiology. The tutorials are based on causal concept mapping. A causal concept map represents a set of causal relationships in a directed graph. We use causal concept maps as a knowledge representation method for medical education to help people understand concepts by presenting the relationships between them in a visual way. The software consists of a tutorial on causal relationships, an exercise in concept map building, and concept mapper tutorials designed to help students understand the complex negative feedback systems that control blood pressure and breathing in the human body. Our concept mapper tutorial systems help the student build the nodes in the concept map corresponding to the important parameters and then add the causal relationships between them. A prototype authoring tool was also built to help instructors move the system to new domains. The concept mapper tutorials were evaluated with first year medical students. There were significant differences in their scores during the pre-test and the post-test, suggesting that the tutorials were effective in improving the student's understanding of the physiology concepts. We also report the results of a user survey about our concept mapper system. Use of different colors to identify separate groups of concepts in our concept maps appeared to play an important role in the students' learning process, although this needs to be further demonstrated in future research. We have also built a concept map from the index terms in a medical textbook for the purpose of constructing and analyzing relationships among the medical terms. Related words from the index entries are connected to each other and displayed graphically to help medical students comprehend the conceptual relationships. The concept map contains the whole collection of index terms in the textbook. A part of the concept map can serve as the basis of a tutorial to provide medical students with necessary knowledge through diagrammatic representation.
Efficient ordering for XML data
Authors: Damien K. Fisher, Franky Lam, William M. Shui, Raymond K. Wong
Venue: Proceedings of the twelfth international conference on Information and knowledge management (2003)

With the increasing popularity of XML, there arises the need for managing and querying information in this form. Several query languages, such as XQuery, have been proposed which return their results in document order. However, most recent efforts focused on query optimization have disregarded order. This paper presents a simple yet elegant method to maintain document ordering for XML data. Analysis of our method shows that it is indeed efficient and scalable, even for changing data.
A general purpose adaptivity driver for FE software
Authors: Jens Müller, Jan G. Korvink
Venue: Software&mdash;Practice Experience (2003)

This paper describes a tool that serves as an automatic mesh adaptivity driver program for general purpose finite element (FE) software packages. Many commercially available FE programs lack a feature to control the numerical solution's accuracy properly. Our tool implements a mesh adaptive method that, in conjunction with separate finite element software, allows one to fully automatically improve the quality of the numerical solution up to a user specified accuracy. We demonstrate the use of the package with selected computational examples performed with a commercial FE package, ANSYS, and with our FE program FEMEngine.
Modeling the workflow of prescription writing
Authors: Lewis Hassell, John Holmes
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 ACM symposium on Applied computing (2003)

Computerizing the delivery of prescription medication, particularly in hospitals, has had many recent success stories. While the safeguards that computers can provide in preventing the incorrect administration of medications cannot be denied, little attention has been paid to the requirements engineering process in workflow automation. This paper discusses some of the techniques of workflow modeling that hold promise for medical informatics. This paper demonstrates that clinical workflows can be modeled using existing modeling tools.
An efficient time representation for real-time embedded systems
Authors: Alessio Carlini, Giorgio C. Buttazzo
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 ACM symposium on Applied computing (2003)

Real-time systems should provide a time representation mechanism which allows to specify timing constraints in a wide range and with sufficiently high resolution. Moreover, the system lifetime (that is, the longest absolute time that can be handled by the system) should be as long as possible, or possibly infinite. In powerful architectures, this goal is achieved by representing time through variables with a large number of bits. Unfortunately, in real-time embedded systems with small memory requirements, such a solution cannot be used, and a trade off needs to be found for memory, system resolution and the longest representable timing constraint. In such systems, the runtime overhead introduced by the time representation mechanism is also crucial and needs to be taken into account.In this paper we present an efficient method for time representation suited for small embedded systems. The method allows to achieve an infinite lifetime, high resolution and deal with sufficiently large timing constraints. The proposed approach is compared with other methods proposed in the literature and it is proved to be more efficient in terms of both overhead and memory requirements. The method allows an efficient implementation of deadline-based scheduling algorithms (such as EDF) and time accounting mechanisms for capacity based servers and resource reservation policies. The proposed technique has also been implemented and tested in two real-time kernels for small embedded microcontrollers.
Optimization of SMES and superconducting magnets with a derivative free deterministic method
Authors: V. Picaud, P. Hiebel, J. M. Kauffmann
Venue: Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (2003)

This article presents a constrained optimization method, based on the duality theory, which does not need the gradients. The method is used to optimize superconducting devices. In order to reduce the computing effort, the initial optimization problem is divided into two coupled optimization problems. One manages the geometrical parameters, the other finds the best current densities for a given geometrical configuration.
A survey of internet support for knowledge management/organizational memory systems
Authors: Maurray E. Jennex
Venue: Knowledge management: current issues and challenges (2003)

Studies of organizational memory/knowledge management, OM/KM, systems have found that using a common infrastructure to facilitate access to and utilization of knowledge and memory increases the usability and success of these systems. The solution to this is for organizations to have an integrated network. This paper discusses using the Internet as the integrated network. Several systems are described that use the Internet for the OM/KM infrastructure. Theoretical support from case study research for using the Internet as a common knowledge infrastructure is provided through DeLone and McLean's IS Success Model modified and analyzed for knowledge/memory based systems.
Achieving adaptivity for OLAP-XML federations
Authors: Dennis Pedersen, Torben Bach Pedersen
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th ACM international workshop on Data warehousing and OLAP (2003)

Motivated by the need for more flexible OLAP systems, this paper presents work on logical integration of external data in OLAP databases, carried out in cooperation between the Danish OLAP client vendor targit and Aalborg University. Flexibility is ensured by supporting XML as the external data format, since almost all data sources can be efficiently wrapped in XML. Earlier work has resulted in an extension of the targit system, allowing external XML data to be used as dimensions and measures in OLAP databases. This work has led to a number of new idea for improving the system's ability to adapt to changes in its surroundings.This paper describes the potential problems that may interrupt the operation of the integration system, in particular those caused by the often autonomous and unreliable nature of external XML data sources, and methods for handling these problems. Specifically, we describe techniques for handling changes in external XML data sources. We also describe techniques for improving the reliability of external XML sources, e.g., when these are found on the Internet, by dynamically trying to locate alternative sources during the evaluation of a query. Finally, we discuss solutions to a number of other possible problems, and show how the techniques can be integrated in the targit architecture. Experiments performed with a prototype implementation of central functionality shows the viability of the proposed solutions.
Controlling hardware with ioctls
Authors: Lisa Corsetti
Venue: Linux Journal (2004)

Control all the little stuff thatisn't in the UNIX programming books. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
An example of linking formal methods with case tools: a model checker for statecharts
Authors: Nancy Day
Venue: Proceedings of the 1993 conference of the Centre for Advanced Studies on Collaborative research: software engineering - Volume 1 (1993)

Computer-Aided Software Engineering (CASE) tools encourage users to codify the requirements for the design of a system early in the development process. They often use graphical formalisms, simulation, and prototyping to help express ideas concisely and unambiguously. Some tools provide little more than syntax checking but others can test the model for reachability of conditions, nondeterminism, or deadlock. In this paper, we present an example of how commercial CASE tools can be linked with formal methods to build more thorough forms of analysis into these tools.The CASE tool STATEMATE [12] makes use of an extended state transition notation called statecharts. We have formalized the semantics of statecharts by embedding them in the logical framework of an interactive proof-assistant system called HOL. A software interface is provided to extract a statechart directly from the STATEMATE database and translate it into a textual representation that can be directly input into the HOL system.Using HOL in combination with Voss, a binary decision diagram-based verification tool, we have developed a model checker for statecharts, which tests whether an operational specification, given by a statechart, satisfies a descriptive specification of the system requirements. The model checking procedure is a simple higher-order logic function which executes the semantics of statecharts in Voss.This paper illustrates this method through two examples to show how our model checker may be used to aid in the analysis of the requirements of a system.
Embedded Software Engineering: The State of the Practice
Authors: Bas Graaf, Marco Lormans, Hans Toetenel
Venue: IEEE Software (2003)

The embedded-software market has grown swiftly in the last decade and will continue to do so in coming years. Embedded software's specific properties, such as hardware dependencies, make its development different from nonembedded software. So, you might expect that this domain would employ specific software development technologies. An inventory conducted at several European embedded-software-development companies shows that, remarkably, this isn't true. However, the inventory results concerning requirements engineering and architecture design at these companies suggest that more specifically aimed development technologies are necessary. Analysis of the results has identified possibilities for future research in customizing existing technologies and developing new technologies for embedded software development.
Nodal stress recovery and error estimation based on variation of mapping function
Authors: S. H. Park, J. H. Kim
Venue: Proceedings of the international conference on Computational methods in sciences and engineering (2003)

A technique for nodal stress recovery and a posteriori error estimation is developed for linear elasticity problems. The nodal stress recovery technique is based on the error distribution obtained from variation of mapping function and a posteriori error is calculated from the recovered stress. A pronounced improvement in the recovered stress and the estimated error is observed by this method. In addition, results show that the estimated error can be considered as an upper bound.
Designing a universal keyboard using chording gloves
Authors: Seongil Lee, Sang Hyuk Hong, Jae Wook Jeon
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 conference on Universal usability (2003)

A universal input device for both text and Braille input was developed in a Glove-typed interface using all the joints of the four fingers and thumbs of both hands. The glove-typed device works as of now for input of Korean characters, numbers, and Braille characters using mode conversion. Considering the finger force and the fatigue from repeated finger motions, the input switch was made of conductible silicon ink, which is easy to apply to any type of surface, light, and enduring. The usability testing with (1) blind subjects showed the performance matching with a commercial Braille keypad, and (2) non-blind subjects for Korean characters showed comparable performance with cellular phone input keypads, but inferior to conventional keyboard. Subjects' performance showed that the chording gloves can input approximately 122 Braille characters per minute and 108 words per minute in Korean character. The chording gloves developed in our study is expected to be used with common computing devices such as PCs and PDAs, and can contribute to replacing the Braille-based note-takers with less expensive computing devices for blind users.
Architecture for user-controlled e-privacy
Authors: Peter Bodorik, Dawn Jutla
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 ACM symposium on Applied computing (2003)

Empowering users to make informed decision-making over online release of private data is a challenge in today's society. A large majority of users has rejected many e-privacy business models including Lumeria's, Zero-Knowledge's, and Microsoft's PassPort. In detailing privacy requirements for an architecture for user-controlled e-privacy, we provide some key reasons, mainly centered around user's perception of control, behind the apparent dismissal of business models for privacy based on trusted third parties. We describe an architecture, based on the P3P platform, that supports privacy requirements for enhanced user control of privacy. Privacy management issues that are addressed include the identification of data repositories and their purposes, user agents and their roles and interactions, and the separation of persona profile information from user preference information.
Multiprocessor EDF and Deadline Monotonic Schedulability Analysis
Authors: Theodore P. Baker
Venue: Proceedings of the 24th IEEE International Real-Time Systems Symposium (2003)

Schedulability tests are presented for preemptiveearliest-deadline-first and deadline-monotonic schedulingof periodic or sporadic real-time tasks on a single-queue-server system, in which the deadline of a task may be less than or equal to the task period. These results subsumeand generalize several known utilization-based multiprocessorschedulability tests, and are derived via anindependent proof.
A CMOS Beta Multiplier Voltage Reference with Improved Temperature Performance and Silicon Tunability
Authors: S. S. Prasad, Pradip Mandal
Venue: Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on VLSI Design (2004)

A new implementation has been proposed for theBeta Multiplier Voltage Reference to improve itsperformance with regard to process variations. Thescope for silicon tunability on the proposed circuit isalso discussed. The circuit was implemented in a 0.18µprocess and was found to have a temperaturesensitivity of less than 500 ppm/C in the virgin diewithout trimming.
Low-power design of turbo decoder with exploration of energy-throughput trade-off
Authors: Arnout Vandecappelle, Bruno Bougard, K. C. Shashidhar, Francky Catthoor
Venue: Compilers and operating systems for low power (2003)

Turbo coding has become an attractive scheme for design of current communication systems, providing near optimal bit error rates for data transmission at low signal to noise ratios. However, it is as yet unsuitable for use in high data rate mobile systems owing to the high energy consumption of the decoder scheme. Due to the data dominated nature of the decoder, a memory organization providing sufficient bandwidth is the main bottleneck for energy. We have systematically optimized the memory organization's energy consumption using our Data Transfer and Storage Exploration methodology. This chapter discusses the exploration of the energy versus throughput trade-off for the turbo decoder module, which was obtained using our storage bandwidth optimization tool.