ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
A policy framework for trading configurable goods and services in open electronic markets
Authors: Steffen Lamparter, Anupriya Ankolekar, Rudi Studer, Daniel Oberle, Christof Weinhardt
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Electronic commerce: The new e-commerce: innovations for conquering current barriers, obstacles and limitations to conducting successful business on the internet (2006)

In recent years, electronic markets have gained much attention as institutions to allocate goods and services efficiently between buyers and sellers. However, calculating suitable allocations between buyers and sellers in such markets can easily become very tricky, particularly if the services and goods involved are complex and described by multiple attributes. Since such trading objects typically provide various configurations with different corresponding prices, complex pricing functions and purchase preferences have to be taken into account when computing allocations. In this paper, we present a policy description framework that draws from utility theory to capture configurable products with multiple attributes. The framework thus allows the declarative description of seller pricing policies as well as buyer preferences over these configurations. As part of the framework, we present a machine-processible representation language for the policies and a method to evaluate different trading object configurations based on these policies. In addition, we show how policies can be aggregated and how the framework can be applied in a Web service selection scenario.
Temperature control for aerospace test systems - modeling, simulation and design case study
Authors: Nagy N. Bengiamin, Allen Parker, Larry Hudson, Van Tran
Venue: Proceedings of the 37th conference on Winter simulation (2005)

Temperature testing of aerospace surfaces and materials requires raising the temperature via air heat transfer to over 2,500 F&deg;. Quarts lamps or graphite heating elements emit infrared waves that create the needed heat flux at the surface of the specimen that is usually divided into zones for different desired heating profiles. Heating elements activation pattern, arrangement of the elements and the shape and material of the specimen influence the temperature at its surface at a given time. Transfer of heat by convection between zones, radiation from neighboring heating elements, dynamics of heat flux and air turbulences pose significant challenges when designing a universal test cell. The heating test usually follows a ramping up/down profile, which calls for implementing a tracking control system. This paper presents mathematical modeling, simulation and control system design practices in a case study format where typical test data are utilized. Inherent system non-linearity and practical implementation aspects are addressed.
Methods and tools for exploring novice compilation behaviour
Authors: Matthew C. Jadud
Venue: Proceedings of the second international workshop on Computing education research (2006)

Our research explores what we call compilation behaviour: the programming behaviour a student engages in while repeatedly editing and compiling their programs. This edit-compile cycle often represents students' attempts to make their programs syntactically, as opposed to semantically, correct. Over the course of two years, we have observed first-year university students learning to program in Java, collecting and studying thousands of snapshots of their programs from one compilation to the next. At the University of Kent, students are introduced to programming in an objects-first style using BlueJ, an environment intended for use by novice programmers.
An Open - Source Learning Management System (ASDL) Using ICT for High Schools
Authors: Sotiris Manitsaris, Athanasios Perdos, Savvas Pavlidis
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (2006)

This paper presents the specifications of an open - source Learning Management System using ICT, which was implemented on a Greek High School. This effort began because of our interest to see the impact of the use of Multimedia and Internet resources having e-learning content, in a classroom. Greece lags far behind in use of Internet towards other European Countries. This paper also presents how pupils evaluated the use of this innovative pedagogical framework. Our research was extended to the new role that teachers called to adapt in teaching.
Positioning Algorithm of Wireless Sensor Network Nodes
Authors: Wenhui Zhao, Daxin Liu, Yu Jiang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 International Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia (2006)

The paper proposes a new positioning algorithm of wireless sensor network nodes. The main idea and the implementing approaches of the algorithm are introduced. The algorithm doesn't require any excess hardware. Simulations show that average positioning error is less than 20% of nodes' radio range.
Multi-User Networked Interactive Augmented Reality Card Game
Authors: Marissa Diaz, Moises Alencastre-Miranda, Lourdes Munoz-Gomez, Isaac Rudomin
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 International Conference on Cyberworlds (2006)

Many efforts to improve interaction in virtual and augmented reality applications do so by including tactile elements to create a link between virtual objects and actions. It is also important to add collaboration, expanding single user interaction to networked user to user interaction. In this paper, we describe a networked virtual card game for multiple users based on a collaborative virtual environment. This game is a networked augmented reality game that uses an inexpensive tangible card flipping device allowing the system to be used in homes,museums, schools. The game is easy to set up and capable of hosting several remote users in a distributed system. We constructed two card flipping devices so we can show complete experimental results with two computers and their corresponding hardware interfaces.
Frame-Based Proportional Round-Robin
Authors: Arnab Sarkar Partha P. Chakrabarti, Rajeev Kumar
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (2006)

All known real-time proportional fair scheduling mechanisms either have high scheduling overheads (O(lgn) per time-slot) or do not efficiently handle dynamic task sets. This paper presents Frame-Based Proportional Round-Robin (FBPRR), a real-time fair scheduler providing high and bounded proportional fairness accuracy and O(1) scheduling overhead with the ability to efficiently handle a set of dynamic tasks. FBPRR achieves this by applying the benefits of Virtual-Time Round-Robin (VTRR) scheduling mechanism within a frame-based scheduling approach. Simulation results show that the algorithm gains a speedup of 5 to 20 times (over O(lgn) complexity schedulers) with fairly high fairness.
Shape Guided Object Segmentation
Authors: Eran Borenstein, Jitendra Malik
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Volume 1 (2006)

We construct a Bayesian model that integrates topdown with bottom-up criteria, capitalizing on their relative merits to obtain figure-ground segmentation that is shape-specific and texture invariant. A hierarchy of bottom-up segments in multiple scales is used to construct a prior on all possible figure-ground segmentations of the image. This prior is used by our top-down part to query and detect object parts in the image using stored shape templates. The detected parts are integrated to produce a global approximation for the object's shape, which is then used by an inference algorithm to produce the final segmentation. Experiments with a large sample of horse and runner images demonstrate strong figure-ground segmentation despite high object and background variability. The segmentations are robust to changes in appearance since the matching component depends on shape criteria alone. The model may be useful for additional visual tasks requiring labeling, such as the segmentation of multiple scene objects.
An evaluation of image based steganography methods
Authors: Karen Bailey, Kevin Curran
Venue: Multimedia Tools and Applications (2006)

Steganography is a process that involves hiding a message in an appropriate carrier for example an image or an audio file. The carrier can then be sent to a receiver without anyone else knowing that it contains a hidden message. This is a process, which can be used for example by civil rights organisations in repressive states to communicate their message to the outside world without their own government being aware of it. Less virtuously it can be used by terrorists to communicate with one another without anyone else's knowledge. In both cases the objective is not to make it difficult to read the message as cryptography does, it is to hide the existence of the message in the first place possibly to protect the courier. The initial aim of this study was to investigate steganography and how it is implemented. Based on this work a number of common methods of steganography could then be implemented and evaluated. The strengths and weaknesses of the chosen methods can then be analysed. To provide a common frame of reference all of the steganography methods implemented and analysed used GIF images. Seven steganography methods were implemented. The methods were chosen for their different strengths in terms of resistance to different types of steganalysis or their ability to maximise the size of the message they could store. All of the methods used were based on the manipulation of the least significant bits of pixel values or the rearrangement of colours to create least significant bit or parity patterns, which correspond to the message being hidden.
Grid Resource Management Based on Mobile Agent
Authors: Jian Yu, Chen Zhao, Yunhe Pan
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Inteligence for Modelling Control and Automation and International Conference on Intelligent Agents Web Technologies and International Commerce (2006)

A system of grid resource management based on mobile agent is given in this paper. An integration of mobile agent technology with grid technology is working effectively towards reducing the network traffic during the grid resource discovery and monitoring process. An introduction of the module of the architecture based on grid technology and mobile agent technology and its realization are presented first in this paper, followed by a discussion with a view of improving both the effectiveness of mobile agent transfer and the integrity of the whole system.
Identifying the Competencies of 'Visual Literacy' - a Prerequisite for Knowledge Visualization
Authors: Ralph Lengler
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on Information Visualization (2006)

Visual representations are becoming more important for teaching, learning and communicating. This paper argues that a more profound understanding of the "vision competencies" constituting "Visual Literacy" will enable practitioners and researchers alike to produce more effective knowledge visualizations. The main contribution of this paper is to identify some of the core competencies of a visually literate person, by examining the abilities tested in visual intelligence tests.
Social Software for Professional Learning: Examples and Research Issues
Authors: Ralf Klamma, Mohamed Amine Chatti, Erik Duval, Sebastian Fiedler, Hans Hummel, Ebba Thora Hvannberg, Andreas Kaibel, Barbara Kieslinger, Milos Kravcik, Effie Law, Ambjorn Naeve, Peter Scott, Marcus Specht, Colin Tattersall, Riina Vuorikari
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (2006)

Social software is used widely in organizational knowledge management and professional learning. The PROLEARN network of excellence appreciates the trend of lowering the barriers between knowledge and learning management strategies for organizations and individuals. But, companies should not underestimate the needs for systematic support based on sound theories and technologies. We illustrate the requirements by examples and research issues for collaborative adaptive learning platforms for workplace learning in organizations.
Managing Deceitful Arguments with X-Logics
Authors: Geoffroy Aubry, Vincent Risch
Venue: Proceedings of the 18th IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence (2006)

In most works on negotiation dialogues, agents are supposed to be ideally honest. However, there are many situations where such a behaviour cannot always be expected from the agents (e.g. advertising, political negotiation, etc.). The aim of this paper is to reconsider the role of deceitful arguments in argumentation frameworks. We propose a logical tool for representing and handling deceitful arguments in a dialogue between two formal agents having to face their respective knowledge and trying to convince each other. Xlogics, a nonmonotonic extension of classical propositional logics, is used as the background formalism for representing the reasoning of the agents on arguments. Starting from a previous work dedicated to the generation of new arguments, we propose to define the notion of lie as a new kind of possible agent's answer. Finally we describe the way an agent may trick and how the other agent may detect it.
Autonomic Computing for Spacecraft Ground Systems
Authors: Zhenping Li, Cetin Savkli
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE International Conference on Space Mission Challenges for Information Technology (2006)

Autonomic computing for spacecraft ground systems increases the system reliability and reduces the cost of spacecraft operations and software maintenance. In this paper, we present an autonomic computing solution for spacecraft ground systems at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), which consists of an open standard for the message oriented architecture referred to as GMSEC architecture, the GSFC Mission Services Evolution Center, and an autonomic computing tool, Criteria Action Table (CAT). This solution has been used in many upgraded ground systems for NASA's missions, and provides a framework for developing solutions with higher autonomic matur
Finding Unknown Interests Utilizing the Wisdom of Crowds in a Social Bookmark Service
Authors: Kei Shiratsuchi, Shinichiro Yoshii, Masashi Furukawa
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE/WIC/ACM international conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology (2006)

In this paper, we develop an information recommendation system based on information edited by various users. This system targets a social bookmark service. Our method for finding appropriate information is to gather each user's bookmark data on the Web and develop a system that analyzes the user's association. Assuming that users that have similar interests also have information associated to those interests, we describe user co-citation relationships as a network. We extract the sub-graph as the community in which each user centers from this network. And we develop a web service designed to automatically recommend new information regarding these interests. That service has a list of users who share similar preferences with the specified user and a system to present recommended information to the user.
A Wireless Physiological Multi-parameter Monitoring System Based on Mobile Communication Networks
Authors: Shaosheng Dai, Yue Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th IEEE Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems (2006)

This paper proposes a wireless physiological multiparameter monitoring system based on mobile communication networks, which are made up of frontend mobile monitoring equipment, mobile monitoring center and hospital central management system. The front-end mobile monitoring equipment, which integrates mobile communication module, is used to continuously acquire the patients' physiological signals including twelve-lead electrocardiography (ECG), blood pressure, SpO2, body temperature and respiration, through mobile communication networks, the physiological data are transmitted in real time to remote mobile monitoring center and hospital central management system. Accessing the information offered by mobile monitoring center or hospital central management system, the authorized medical staffs can give diagnostic conclusions in time. Via mobile communication networks, the conclusions are returned to patients' terminal. Nowadays prototype of system has been developed and implemented. The system has been evaluated by technical verification, clinical test and user survey. The evaluation of performance yields a high degree of satisfaction of users who used the system. The results show that the system has more flexibility and convenience than the currently used monitoring system. It can better meet the demands of people's monitoring out of the hospital.
Architecture of ontology-controlled computer systems
Authors: A. V. Palagin
Venue: Cybernetics and Systems Analysis (2006)

Development of the general theory and applications of knowledge engineering promoted the practical implementation of information systems based on knowledge and technologies and their efficient representation, actualization, and usage.
Distributed Network Management with Secured Mobile Agent Support
Authors: Mohammed A. M. Ibrahim
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 International Conference on Hybrid Information Technology - Volume 01 (2006)

Network computing is changing rapidly these days. The Mobile Agent technology invented to overcome the complexity resulting due to the increasing size of network components rises new network management schemes. Many prototype applications providing Mobile Agent capability have been proposed for being used in network management. E-commerce and information retrieval are some of them. The motive behind the agent mobility is that, it addresses some limitations faced by traditional centralized clientserver architecture, which are mainly, minimizing bandwidth consumption, supporting network load balancing, enhancing scalability as well as flexibility, increase fault tolerance and solve problems caused by unreliable network connections. However, despite its benefits, Mobile Agent systems still pose security threats. In this paper we propose a Mobile Agent architecture that supports flexible and reliable interaction of autonomous components in a distributive network environment. We present a management scheme in a hierarchical level that provides to a user with a reliable and flexible global access to internet/network information services. We further describe a protection mechanism to both agents and their hosting sites of execution called Agent Servers.
Globalization and the Future of Standardization
Authors: Robby Robson
Venue: Computer (2006)

As with all other businesses, the Internet and globalization are transforming standards.
Modeling adoptability of secure BGP protocol
Authors: Haowen Chan, Debabrata Dash, Adrian Perrig, Hui Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications (2006)

Despite the existence of several secure BGP routing protocols, there has been little progress to date on actual adoption. Although feasibility for widespread adoption remains the greatest hurdle for BGP security, there has been little quantitative research into what properties contribute the most to the adoptability of a security scheme. In this paper, we provide a model for assessing the adoptability of a secure BGP routing protocol. We perform this evaluation by simulating incentives compatible adoption decisions of ISPs on the Internet under a variety of assumptions. Our results include: (a) the existence of a sharp threshold, where, if the cost of adoption is below the threshold, complete adoption takes place, while almost no adoption takes place above the threshold; (b) under a strong attacker model, adding a single hop of path authentication to origin authentication yields similar adoptability characteristics as a full path security scheme; (c) under a weaker attacker model, adding full path authentication (e.g., via S-BGP [9]) significantly improves the adoptability of BGP security over weaker path security schemes such as soBGP [16]. These results provide insight into the development of more adoptable secure BGP protocols and demonstrate the importance of studying adoptability of protocols.
Evolution, hypermedia learning environments, and conceptual change: a preliminary report
Authors: Michael J. Jacobson, Akiko Sugimoto, Anthi Archodidou
Venue: Proceedings of the 1996 international conference on Learning sciences (1996)

This paper describes a study of high school students using a case-based hypermedia learning environment, the Evolution Thematic Investigator, to help learn a neo-Darwinian model of evolution. This hypermedia program has a number of features based on recent cognitive learning theory and research, such as: a conceptual change lesson, multiple cases of evolutionary biology, case-theme commentaries to make explicit the situated variability of the neo-Darwinian mental model, on-line scaffolded problem-solving modules, and guided thematic criss-crossing of knowledge synthesis study questions. The experiment collected written assessment measures, detailed verbal protocols, and interviews of eight students using the program and solving evolutionary biology problems. The main experimental findings indicated that there was a significant change in the students' mental models about evolution. The implications of this research for learning about evolution, and for the design of hypermedia environments that promote learning and conceptual change of complex knowledge, are also considered.
Optimum Design Course Supported by AIS Algorithm
Authors: Wen-Jye Shyr, Chien-Yu Lu
Venue: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Innovative Computing, Information and Control - Volume 1 (2006)

The optimum design course is taught for undergraduate students as a basic discipline in engineering and technology education. Optimum primarily aims to find the best possible combination of solutions, which can be termed as design parameters to maximize or minimize an optimization problem. The development of conventional approaches of optimum has dramatically influenced modern teaching technologies. In this paper, the AIS algorithm is proposed usefulness in optimum design course. The course material of an intensive course on optimum design has been supported by AIS algorithm for undergraduate students. Besides the conventional material a new conception of combined use of AIS algorithm is also introduced. Upon completion of this course, the students can explain basic concepts and terminologies associated with AIS algorithm, and explain basic steps of AIS algorithm. Finally, the students can use software based on AIS algorithm to solve optimum design problem.
Converting Output Scores from Outlier Detection Algorithms into Probability Estimates
Authors: Jing Gao, Pang-Ning Tan
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Data Mining (2006)

Current outlier detection schemes typically output a numeric score representing the degree to which a given observation is an outlier. We argue that converting the scores into well-calibrated probability estimates is more favorable for several reasons. First, the probability estimates allow us to select the appropriate threshold for declaring outliers using a Bayesian risk model. Second, the probability estimates obtained from individual models can be aggregated to build an ensemble outlier detection framework. In this paper, we present two methods for transforming outlier scores into probabilities. The first approach assumes that the posterior probabilities follow a logistic sigmoid function and learns the parameters of the function from the distribution of outlier scores. The second approach models the score distributions as a mixture of exponential and Gaussian probability functions and calculates the posterior probabilites via the Bayes' rule. We evaluated the efficacy of both methods in the context of threshold selection and ensemble outlier detection. We also show that the calibration accuracy improves with the aid of some labeled examples.