ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
On traffic prediction for resource allocation: A Chebyshev bound based allocation scheme
Authors: R. G. Garroppo, S. Giordano, M. Pagano, G. Procissi
Venue: Computer Communications (2008)

The paper presents a predictive approach to network resource allocation techniques. The rationale of this work is to use measurements to estimate future traffic behavior by prediction, and to use such an estimation to define the amount of future network resources that will be required by the considered traffic. In this framework, the paper presents the analysis and performance evaluation of classical and chaotic techniques for network traffic prediction. The performance parameters considered in the analysis are: the accuracy of predictors in capturing the actual behavior of traffic; the computational complexity for a realistic integration of such predictors into experimental testbeds; and the responsiveness with respect to traffic pattern variations. The analysis results show that the classical normalized linear mean square predictor achieves a satisfactory trade-off among the above mentioned metrics as it presents a medium level of complexity while achieving high performance in terms of prediction accuracy and responsiveness to network traffic changes. Then, using the normalized linear mean square predictor, we derive a bandwidth allocation strategy, named statistical delay bound (SDB), which guarantees a probabilistic bound on the delay experienced by packets traversing a network node. The paper presents the performance analysis of SDB showing that, in spite of the simplicity of the adopted predictive algorithm, the proposed measurement based technique allows to fulfill the project requirements and candidates for actual experimentation into prototypal routers which supports QoS mechanisms.
Digital Destiny: New Media and the Future of Democracy
Authors: Jeff Chester
Venue:  (2007)

The celebrated media advocate's clarion call for new media to serve the public instead of corporate interestsand what's involved in this high-stakes struggle.With the explosive growth of the Internet and broadband communications, we now have the potential for a truly democratic media system offering a wide variety of independent sources of news, information, and culture, with control over content in the hands of the many rather than a few select media giants.But the country's powerful communications companies have other plans. Assisted by a host of hired political operatives and pro-business policy makers, the big cable, TV, and Internet providers are using their political clout to gain ever greater control over the Internet and other digital communication channels. Instead of a "global information commons," we're facing an electronic media system designed principally to sell to rather than serve the public, dominated by commercial forces armed with aggressive digital marketing, interactive advertising, and personal data collection.Just as Lawrence Lessig translated the mysteries of software and intellectual property for the general reader in Code and Other Laws of Cyberspace, Jeff Chester gets beneath the surface of media and telecommunications regulation to explain clearly how our new media system functions, what's at stake, and what we can do to fight the corporate media's plans for our "digital destiny"before it's too late. A single companyComcastlargely determines what channels are available on cable TV. Soon TV sets will regularly monitor our viewing habits and relay this personal information to data warehouses around the country. By tracking which Web sites we visit on the Internet, a vast system of interactive advertising enables online marketers to target us with "personalized" ads.
Audiovisual 3d rendering as a tool for multimodal interfaces
Authors: George Drettakis
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Multimodal interfaces (2008)

In this talk, we will start with a short overview of 3D audiovisual rendering and its applicability to multimodal interfaces. In recent years, we have seen the generalization of 3D applications, ranging from computer games, which involve a high level of realism, to applications such as SecondLife, in which the visual and auditory quality of the 3D environment leaves much to be desired. In our introduction will attempt to examine the relationship between the audiovisual rendering of the environment and the interface. We will then review some of the audio-visual rendering algorithms we have developed in the last few years. We will discuss four main challenges we have addressed. The first is the development of realistic illumination and shadow algorithms which contribute greatly to the realism of 3D scenes, but could also be important for interfaces. The second involves the application of these illumination algorithms to augmented reality settings. The third concerns the development of perceptually-based techniques, and in particular using audio-visual cross-modal perception. The fourth challenge has been the development of approximate but "plausible", interactive solutions to more advanced rendering effects, both for graphics and audio. On the audio side, our review will include the introduction of clustering, masking and perceptual rendering for 3D spatialized audio and our recently developed solution for the treatment of contact sounds. On the graphics side, our discussion will include a quick overview of our illumination and shadow work, its application to augmented reality, our work on interactive rendering approximations and perceptually driven algorithms. For all these techniques we will discuss their relevance to multimodal interfaces, including our experience in a urban design case-study and attempt to relate them to recent interface research. We will close with a broad reflection on the potential for closer collaboration between 3D audiovisual rendering and multimodal interfaces.
The analysis on the L-index based optimal power flow considering voltage stability constraints
Authors: Hailun Huang, Yigang Kong, Jian Zhang
Venue: WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on SYSTEMS (2008)

In the environment of electricity markets, power systems are operated nearer against the voltage stability limit than before. For this reason, this paper presents a novel optimal power flow (OPF) formulation containing voltage stability constraints. By adopting the L index function that can reflect stability margin from the collapse point as voltage stability constraints, this model can obtain the demanded voltage security level by adjusting the upper limits of these constraints. So its optimal solution can satisfy the security and economical demand of power systems simultaneously. At the same time, the primal-dual interior point method (IPM) based on the perturbed Karush-Kuhn- Tucker (KKT) conditions is proposed to solve this problem. Simulation results on five test systems demonstrate the effectiveness of the presented OPF model with voltage stability constraints, and the proposed computation approach has good convergence.
Algorithms for locating GPS coordinates on PDA
Authors: Nicolae-Iulian Enescu, Dan Mancas, Ecaterina-Irina Manole
Venue: WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on COMMUNICATIONS (2008)

The purpose of our research is to find algorithms for loading large maps on PDA and place on it the geographical location given by latitude and longitude. C++ and C# programming languages have been used for implementation. It was elaborated a software which runs on PDA with Windows Mobile 2003 OS and implements algorithms for finding the coordinate on a map represented like a TIF image. The application must localize the coordinates known by longitude and latitude over a given image in TIF format which can represent a map with scale 1:200000 or 1:25000. The map headers contain information that refers to map limit. An algorithm that permits map synchronization when the value of current map is out of limit it was necessary.
Under Watch and Ward at Night: Design and Evaluation of a Remote Monitoring System for Dementia Care
Authors: Yvonne Schikhof, Ingrid Mulder
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th Symposium of the Workgroup Human-Computer Interaction and Usability Engineering of the Austrian Computer Society on HCI and Usability for Education and Work (2008)

The ageing population as well as the tight labor market put pressure on future health care. In this article, we explore the role of monitoring systems in health care. By incorporating principles of Value-Sensitive Design in a Human Centered Design process we developed a system for remote monitoring at night in dementia care. The performance of the working system was evaluated in the real-life context of a nursing home. Next to reporting the design and evaluation of the monitoring system, we reflect upon the approach taken.
Tag-based information retrieval of video content
Authors: Mark Melenhorst, Marjan Grootveld, Mark van Setten, Mettina Veenstra
Venue: Proceeding of the 1st international conference on Designing interactive user experiences for TV and video (2008)

In this paper, we report on a study that explores the contribution of social tags, professional metadata and automatically generated metadata to the retrieval process. In this study, 194 participants tagged a total of 115 videos, while another 140 participants searched the video collection for answers to eight questions. The results show that in the current context, social tags yield effective retrieval process, whereas automatically generated metadata do not. To put this result in perspective, participants' search strategies were primarily guided by the search tasks, instead of metadata elements. We have found some evidence social tagging is effective, as the same terminology was used the retrieval process as in the process of assigning metadata.
Automatic discovery of topics and acoustic morphemes from speech
Authors: Christophe Cerisara
Venue: Computer Speech and Language (2009)

This work deals with automatic lexical acquisition and topic discovery from a speech stream. The proposed algorithm builds a lexicon enriched with topic information in three steps: transcription of an audio stream into phone sequences with a speaker- and task-independent phone recogniser, automatic lexical acquisition based on approximate string matching, and hierarchical topic clustering of the lexical entries based on a knowledge-poor co-occurrence approach. The resulting semantic lexicon is then used to automatically cluster the incoming speech stream into topics. The main advantages of this algorithm are its very low computational requirements and its independence to pre-defined linguistic resources, which makes it easy to port to new languages and to adapt to new tasks. It is evaluated both qualitatively and quantitatively on two corpora and on two tasks related to topic clustering. The results of these evaluations are encouraging and outline future directions of research for the proposed algorithm, such as building automatic orthographic labels of the lexical items.
Adaptation Criteria for Preparing Learning Material for Adaptive Usage: Structured Content Analysis of Existing Systems
Authors: Stefan Thalmann
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th Symposium of the Workgroup Human-Computer Interaction and Usability Engineering of the Austrian Computer Society on HCI and Usability for Education and Work (2008)

Using learning material in an adaptive way requires a preparation beforehand. In order to guide the process of creating learning material, criteria for adaptation and techniques for content preparation have to be known. The aim of this paper is to give first hints for such guidance. Therefore, adaptation criteria and provisions which can be used to realize such a preparation should be identified. For this purpose, adaptation criteria were derived by investigating 30 existing adaptive hypermedia systems. Based on these criteria first hints for preparation of learning material for adaptive use will be given.
Software quality and group performance
Authors: Yuk Kuen Wong
Venue: AI Society (2008)

Software quality is one of the important elements of project management. Software review is one of the most cost effective techniques for detect and remove defects for improving software quality during software development life cycle. Literature suggests that experience and training have positive effect on software review performance. However, there is no empirical study conducted to analysis the important relationships between, experience, training and performance. A laboratory study was conducted with 192 volunteer university students to examining the above relationships in a software review task. The results suggests that (1) there is positive relationships between role experience and performance, (2) training has no impact on performance, (3) working experience has an positive effect on performance (4) working experience has an impact and (5) role experience has no impact on performance.
Perception of dynamic audiotactile feedback to gesture input
Authors: Teemu Tuomas Ahmaniemi, Vuokko Lantz, Juha Marila
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Multimodal interfaces (2008)

In this paper we present results of a study where perception of dynamic audiotactile feedback to gesture input was examined. Our main motivation was to investigate how users' active input and different modality conditions effect the perception of the feedback. The experimental prototype in the study was a handheld sensor-actuator device that responds dynamically to user's hand movements creating an impression of a virtual texture. The feedback was designed so that the amplitude and frequency of texture were proportional to the overall angular velocity of the device. We used four different textures with different velocity responses. The feedback was presented to the user by the tactile actuator in the device, by audio through headphones, or by both. During the experiments, textures were switched in random intervals and the task of the user was to detect the changes while moving the device freely. The performances of the users with audio or audiotactile feedback were quite equal while tactile feedback alone yielded poorer performance. The texture design didn't influence the movement velocity or periodicity but tactile feedback induced most and audio feedback the least energetic motion. In addition, significantly better performance was achieved with slower motion. We also found that significant learning happened over time; detection accuracy increased significantly during and between the experiments. The masking noise used in tactile modality condition did not significantly influence the detection accuracy when compared to acoustic blocking but it increased the average detection time.
Quantification of land-atmosphere exchanges of water, energy and carbon dioxide in space and time over the heterogeneous Barrax site
Authors: Z. Su, W. Timmermans, A. Gieske, L. Jia, J. A. Elbers, A. Olioso, J. Timmermans, R. Van Der Velde, X. Jin, H. Van Der Kwast, F. Nerry, D. Sabol, J. A. Sobrino, J. Moreno, R. Bianchi
Venue: International Journal of Remote Sensing (2008)

To advance our understanding of land-atmosphere exchanges of water, energy and carbon dioxide (CO2) in space and time over heterogeneous land surfaces, two intensive field campaigns were carried out at the Barrax agricultural test site in Spain during 12-21 July 2004 (SPARC 2004) and 8-14 July 2005 (SEN2FLEX 2005) involving multiple field, satellite and airborne instruments for characterizing the state of the atmosphere, the vegetation and the soil from the visible to the microwave range of the spectrum. Part of the experimental area is a core site of area 25 km2, within which numerous crops are grown, on both irrigated and dry land, alongside fields of bare soil. The campaigns were carried out in the framework of the Earth Observation Envelope Programme of the European Space Agency (ESA) with the aim of supporting geophysical algorithm development, calibration/validation and the simulation of future spaceborne Earth Observation missions. Both campaigns were also contributions to the EU 6FP EAGLE Project. The emphasis of this contribution is on the in situ measurements of land-atmosphere exchanges of water, energy and CO2 as well as the thermal dynamic states of the atmosphere, the soil and the vegetation. Preliminary analysis and interpretation of the measurements are presented. These two data sets are open to the scientific community for collaborative investigations.
A layered framework supporting personal information integration and application design for the semantic desktop
Authors: Isabel F. Cruz, Huiyong Xiao
Venue: The VLDB Journal &mdash; The International Journal on Very Large Data Bases (2008)

With the development of inexpensive storage devices, space usage is no longer a bottleneck for computer users. However, the increasingly large amount of personal information poses a critical problem to those users: traditional file organization in hierarchical directories may not be suited to the effective management of personal information because it ignores the semantic associations therein and bears no connection with the applications that users will run. To address such limitations, we present our vision of a semantic desktop, which relies on the use of ontologies to annotate and organize data and on the concept of personal information application (PIA), which is associated with a user's task. The PIA designer is the tool that is provided for building a variety of PIAs consisting of views (e.g., text, list, table, graph), which are spatially arranged and display interrelated fragments of the overall personal information. The semantic organization of the data follows a layered architecture that models separately the personal information, the domain data, and the application data. The network of concepts that ensues from extensive annotation and explicit associations lends itself well to rich browsing capabilities and to the formulation of expressive database-like queries. These queries are also the basis for the interaction among views of the PIAs in the same desktop or in networked desktops. In the latter case, the concept of desktop service provides for a semantic platform for the integration of information across different desktops and the web. In this paper, we present in detail the semantic organization of the information, the overall system architecture and implementation aspects, queries and their processing, PIAs and the PIA designer, including usability studies on the designer, and the concepts of semantic navigation in a desktop and of interoperation in a network of desktops.
Opportunistic relaying vs. selective cooperation: analyzing the occurrence-conditioned outage capacity
Authors: Stefan Valentin, Hermann S. Lichte, Holger Karl, Imad Aad, Luis Loyola, Joerg Widmer
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th international symposium on Modeling, analysis and simulation of wireless and mobile systems (2008)

Opportunistic Relaying (OR) and Selection Decode-and-Forward (SDF) cooperation protocols can both substantially improve the performance of wireless networks but fundamentally differ in utilized redundancy, relays, and channel knowledge. To analyze when SDF or OR improves error and data rate, we (1) derive their general outage probability and capacity for arbitrary relay configurations, (2) systematically benchmark both approaches in two-hop configurations, (3) study how often beneficial configurations occur in large networks, and, finally, condition our capacity results by this occurrence probability. Our results clearly show that OR maximizes the outage capacity at high acceptable error rate while SDF succeeds if a low error rate is required. SDF performs best if even the relays can cooperate among themselves, supported frequently in networks with more than three neighbors. Consequently, cooperating relays, adapting between OR and SDF, and joining these two approaches should be the focus of future protocol design. To this end, our paper provides a theoretical basis, adaptation rules, and design guidelines.
Matrix factorization and neighbor based algorithms for the netflix prize problem
Authors: Gábor Takács, István Pilászy, Bottyán Németh, Domonkos Tikk
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 ACM conference on Recommender systems (2008)

Collaborative filtering (CF) approaches proved to be effective for recommender systems in predicting user preferences in item selection using known user ratings of items. This subfield of machine learning has gained a lot of popularity with the Netflix Prize competition started in October 2006. Two major approaches for this problem are matrix factorization (MF) and the neighbor based approach (NB). In this work, we propose various variants of MF and NB that can boost the performance of the usual ensemble based scheme. First, we investigate various regularization scenarios for MF. Second, we introduce two NB methods: one is based on correlation coefficients and the other on linear least squares. At the experimentation part, we show that the proposed approaches compare favorably with existing ones in terms of prediction accuracy and/or required training time. We present results of blending the proposed methods.
Attribute weighting via genetic algorithms for attribute weighted artificial immune system (AWAIS) and its application to heart disease and liver disorders problems
Authors: Seral Özşen, Salih Güneş
Venue: Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal (2009)

An increasing number of algorithms and applications have coming into scene in the field of artificial immune systems (AIS) day by day. Whereas this increase is bringing successful studies, still, AIS is not an effective problem solver in some problem fields such as classification, regression, pattern recognition, etc. So far, many of the developed AIS algorithms have used a distance or similarity measure as the case in instance based learning (IBL) algorithms. The efficiency of IBL algorithms lies mainly in the weighting scheme they used. This weighting idea was taken as the objective of our study in that we used genetic algorithms to determine the weights of attributes and then used these weights in our previously developed Artificial Immune System (AWAIS). We evaluated the performance of new configuration (GA-AWAIS) on two medical datasets which were Statlog Heart Disease and BUPA Liver Disorders dataset. We also compared it with AWAIS for those problems. The obtained classification accuracy was very good with respect to both AWAIS and other common classifiers in literature.
Computer modeling of extraction and transport of high-current charged particle beams
Authors: I. V. Litovko
Venue: Cybernetics and Systems Analysis (2008)

The formation of charged particle beams obtained from a plasma source is computationally modelled. Beam transport in a drift open space with allowance made for the space charge compensation is calculated. Based on the data obtained, it is possible to optimize constructions of beam extraction and acceleration systems and also to optimize physical parameters of sources and to obtain charged particle beams with predesigned properties.