ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Verification of Recovered Software Architectures
Authors: Gerald C. Gannod, Shilpa Murthy
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th IEEE International Workshop on Program Comprehension (2003)

A common technique employed by software developers is the use of log files to generate traces of observed software behavior. As a resource for reverse engineering, a log file has the advantage of being an accurate account of software behavior. Model checking approaches work by using exploration to determine whether certain safety and liveness conditions are satisfied by a finite-state model. In this paper we describe an approach that combines the use of model checking and log file analysis to facilitate verification of recovered models.
Hardware-Only Compression to Reduce Cost and Improve Utilization of Address Buses
Authors: JIANGJIANG LIU, NIHAR R. MAHAPATRA, KRISHNAN SUNDARESAN
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Society Annual Symposium on VLSI (ISVLSI'03) (2003)

Communication components (address, instruction, anddata buses and associated hardware like I/O pins, pads,and buffers) are contributing increasingly to the area/costand power consumption of microprocessor systems. To decreasecosts due to address buses, we propose to use narrowwidths for underutilized buses (hardware-only compression)to transmit information in multiple cycles. Weanalyze performance and power consumption overheadsof hardware-only compression and investigate the use of"address concatenation" to mitigate performance loss andaddress offsets and XORs to reduce power consumptionoverheads.
Cross cultural user-interface design for work, home, play and on the way
Authors: Aaron Marcus
Venue: Proceedings of the 1st European UPA conference on European usability professionals association conference - Volume 3 (2002)

Successful web-based systems, information appliances, and client-server networks require UIs that reach across culturally diverse user communities. This tutorial will provide information about cultural models and hands-on experience in designing for specific target cultures.
LEMINGS: LSI's EMI-Noise Analysis with Gate Level Simulator
Authors: Kenji Shimazaki, Hiroyuki Tsujikawa, Seijiro Kojima, Shouzou Hirano
Venue: Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Quality of Electronic Design (2000)

EMI (electromagnetic interference) noise has become more significant problems in high-speed electronic systems. To analyze the EMI problems, LSIs should be determined carefully as the source of EMI noise. However as the circuit size of the LSIs becomes larger, it becomes more difficult to analyze the noise of these circuits by using a transistor-level simulator. Thus designers need a simulator that covers full-chip size for noise analysis.In this paper, we propose a new EMI noise simulation methodology that uses a gate-level representation for the first time. The noise from the logic gates is simply modeled by a FFT process based on the superimposed triangular current waveform. Because of the compactness of the model, we can reduce the computation dramatically and accomplish a large simulation.Furthermore, we developed a prototype of simulator 'LEMINGS' to demonstrate the proposed method for conventional ASIC design flows. The experimental results show that our new EMI analysis method has achieved an outstanding performance, a high capacity to simulate the whole design and a high accuracy that is equivalent to the transistor-level simulator. Information obtained from LEMINGS can also help designers to improve the LSI and electronic systems' design quality.
The role of functional prototyping in model validation
Authors: A. Jeffries, E. Kemp, E. Todd, D. Gray, B. Butler
Venue: Proceedings of the 1996 Information Systems Conference of New Zealand (ISCNZ '96) (1996)

Summary form only given as follows. A framework to guide the development of an intelligent component and its integration with an existing decision support system is proposed. The framework draws on concepts from the fields of decision support systems, knowledge based systems and intelligent decision support systems. This framework was applied to a problem in the domain of dairy farm management. A prototype intelligent decision support system was developed. The prototype was tested to assess the success of the framework in producing the desired results. The proposed development framework is a useful tool for intelligent decision support systems development from an existing decision support system. Its success is attributed to the integration of methods and techniques drawn from a number of well established methodologies.
Real-Time Multiprocessor Systems: Performability Evaluation
Authors: Ivan Mura, Felicita DiGiandomenico, Andrea Bondavalli
Venue:  (1996)

This paper deals with real-time systems required to provide not just timeliness of the computations performed but their correctness as well. Obviously, to improve figures of these two characteristics either cost must be raised or performance decreased. Here we propose a performability model which allows to distinguish among various possible trade-offs of such characteristics, and through which a quantitative evaluation of alternative system organisations and their comparison can be easily performed. Our performability model is based on a simple additive formulation of the concept of value in real time systems, which permits to derive the optimal schedule for a given system organisation. The numerical evaluation of a system organisation taken as example is performed for different load sets as well as a sensitivity analysis with respect to the most relevant parameters. EMAIL:: digiandomenico@iei.pi.cnr.it
An efficient method for the retrieval of objects by topological relations in spatial database systems
Authors: P. L. Lin, W. H. Tan
Venue: Information Processing and Management: an International Journal (2003)

In this paper, we present a new method to improve the performance of query processing in a spatial database. The previous approach can process the retrieval of spatial objects by topological relations using R-tree structures based on minimum bounding rectangles. In our approach, we add internal rectangle to the leaf nodes of the R-tree as additional information for helping objects retrieval. As a result, the number of false hits can be reduced and part of the true hits can be identified at the early stage of searching. The experiments demonstrated that the performance of database systems can be improved because both the number of objects accessed and the number of objects requiring detailed inspection are much less than those in the previous approach.
A Method of Key Input with Two Mice
Authors: Satoshi Nakamura, Masahiko Tsukamoto, Shojiro Nishio
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th IEEE International Symposium on Wearable Computers (2001)

Recently, due to remarkable advancements in computer technology, small mobile computers such as PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants) and palmtop computers are being developed. In the near future, it is feasible that wearable computers will become commonplace. Up until now, some text input systems for wearable computers have been proposed. However, these systems, depending on the situation, have many problems like low speed input and restrictions on usage. In this paper, we propose a text input method for wearable computing environments utilizing two trackballs based on our previous proposal, entitled "DoubleMouse." This method supports the wearable property that it can be utilized anytime and anyplace. In addition, based on the movement direction of the two mice this method can rapidly select a user's desired input symbols into the computer, thusly mimicking a keyboard. Further, this method supports a "blind" input mode that allows input without displaying additional components on the screen. We also show how the developed system is useful in practical operations based on our experiments.
Maintaining Availability in Partitioned Replicated Databases
Authors: Amr El Abbadi, Sam Toueg
Venue:  (1987)

In a replicated database, a data item may have copies residing on several sites. A replica control protocol is necessary to ensure that data items with several copies behave as if they consist of a single copy, as far as users can tell. We describe a new replica control protocol that allows the accessing of data in spite of site failures and network partitioning. This protocol provides the database designer with a large degree of flexibility in deciding the degree of data availability, as well as the cost of accessing data.
Application software, domain-specific languages, and language design assistants
Authors: Jan Heering
Venue:  (2000)

While application software does the real work, domain-specific languages (DSLs) are tools to help produce it efficiently, and language design assistants in turn are meta-tools to help produce DSLs quickly. DSLs are already in wide use (HTML for web pages, Excel macros for spreadsheet applications, VHDL for hardware design, ...), but many more will be needed for both new as well as existing application domains. Language design assistants to help develop them currently exist only in the basic form of language development systems. After a quick look at domain-specific languages, and especially their relationship to application libraries, we survey existing language development systems and give an outline of future language design assistants.
Occlusion Shadows: Using Projected Light to Generate Realistic Occlusion Effects for View-Dependent Optical See-Through Displays
Authors: Oliver Bimber, Bernd Fröhlich
Venue: Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (2002)

This paper presents projector-based illumination techniques for creating correct occlusion effects for optical see-through setups. We project view-dependent occlusion shadows onto the real surfaces that are located behind virtual objects. This results in a perfect occlusion of real objects by virtual ones. We have implemented and tested our approach in the context of the Virtual Showcase display. We describe hardware extension for projecting light into the showcase and present our rendering techniques for displaying occlusion shadows for single and multi-user environments as well as for single and multi-light-projector configurations. We also report on the limitations of our system for multi-user situations and describe our experiences with a first experimental prototype.
On the amplitude of intervals of natural numbers whose every element has a common prime divisor with at least an extremity
Authors: Patrick Cégielski, François Heroult, Denis Richard
Venue: Theoretical Computer Science (2003)

An interval [a, a + d] of natural numbers verifies the property of no coprimeness if and only if every element a + 1, a + 2,..., a + d - 1 has a common prime divisor with extremity a or a + d. We show the set of such a and the set of such d are recursive. The computation of the first d leads to rise a lot of open problems.
Producing Software Using Tools in a Workstation Environment
Authors: Mark Sherman, Robert L. S Drysdale
Venue:  (1986)

We discuss how we taught students to build and use translation, interpretive, editing and monitoring tools in an undergraduate software engineering course. Students used the tools on low-cost workstations (Macintoshes) to build large, group projects. The students'' projects used all available features of workstation environments, including graphics, windows, fonts, mice, networks, and sound generators. We found that 1) the use of tools increased student productivity, 2) a shift in a data structure and algorithm topics is needed to cover material relevant for workstation environments, 3) new topics in system design are required for a workstation environment, 4) traditional material can be easily illustrated with a workstation environment and 5) students enjoyed being able to manipulate the advanced features of workstations in their work, which in turn increased their motivation for and concentration on the course material.
Evaluating scalable vector graphics for use in software visualisation
Authors: Matthew Duignan Robert Biddle, Ewan Tempero
Venue: Proceedings of the Asia-Pacific symposium on Information visualisation - Volume 24 (2003)

The W3C's new 'Scalable Vector Graphics' standard provides a new technology for deploying interactive graphical content over the Web. This paper briefly describes SVG and some of its more interesting features. We have developed a principled model for evaluating the suitability of technologies for supporting software visualisation. We briefly outline this model, and then apply it to SVG.
Digital Image Filtration on Cellular Neural Network
Authors: Vladimir V. Khryasshyov, Andrey L. Priorov, Eugene Yu. Sautov, Egor A. Sokolenko
Venue: Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Systems (ICAIS'02) (2002)

The mathematical model of cellular neural network (CNN) working in discrete time is considered. The possibility of such devices for computation the convolution of two-dimensional digital signal with a given kernel is showed. The algorithm of construction of a difference equation with constant coefficient, which has the solution of a demanded convolution is given. The hardware implementation of this equation is given the structure ofCNN. Model of an exponential smoothing filter of two-dimensional digital signal explicitly is considered.
Graphical Visualisation Support in a Uniform Environment
Authors: Peter Bancroft, John Hynd, Philip Sinfield
Venue:  (1996)

The purpose of this paper is to describe, from a historical perspective, the development of tools for the visualisation of concepts forming part of an undergraduate course in computer science. Efforts at providing graphical support for teaching and learning in the field have, in the past, often been piecemeal and user-friendly. This project affords a simple, familiar and uniform visualisation environment for students across several units (and semesters) in the course. An additional benefit is that students can learn how to write graphics programs by using the software shell to create new applications.
ViC*: A Compiler for Virtual-Memory C*
Authors: Alex Colvin, Thomas H. Cormen
Venue:  (1997)

This paper describes the functionality of ViC*, a compiler for a variant of the data-parallel language C* with support for out-of-core data. The compiler translates C* programs with shapes declared outofcore, which describe parallel data stored on disk. The compiler output is a SPMD-style program in standard C with I/O and library calls added to efficiently access out-of-core parallel data. The ViC* compiler also applies several program transformations to improve out-of-core data layout and access.
Types in program analysis
Authors: Thomas Jensen
Venue: The essence of computation: complexity, analysis, transformation (2002)

This paper surveys type-based program analysis with an emphasis on the polyvariant program analyses that can be obtained using conjunctive (or intersection) types and parametric polymorphism. In particular, we show 1) how binding-time analysis and strictness analysis are variations of a common framework based on conjunctive types, 2) that the standard abstract interpretation used for strictness analysis is equivalent to the type-based analysis, and 3) that the conjunctive strictness analysis can be made more modular by blending conjunctions with parametric polymorphism.
Agent memory and adaptation in multi-agent systems
Authors: Kristina Lerman, Aram Galstyan
Venue: Proceedings of the second international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems (2003)

We describe a general mechanism for adaptation in multi-agent systems in which agents modify their behavior based on their memory of past events. These behavior changes can be elicited by environmental dynamics or arise as response to the actions of other agents. The agents use memory to estimate the global state of the system from individual observations and adjust their actions accordingly. We also present a mathematical model of the dynamics of collective behavior in such systems and apply it to study adaptive coalition formation in electronic marketplaces. In adaptive coalition formation, the agents are more likely to join smaller coalitions than larger ones while there are many small coalitions. The rationale behind this is that smaller coalitions are necessary to nucleate larger ones. The agents remember the sizes of coalition they encountered and use them to estimate the mean coalition size. They decide whether to join a new coalition based on how close its size is to the mean coalition size. We show that the adaptive system displays most of the features of the non-adaptive one, but results in better long term system performance.
A Context-Based Document System for Wearable Computers
Authors: Kent Lyons, Thad Starner, Lonnie Harvel
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th IEEE International Symposium on Wearable Computers (2000)

With the continuous availability of wearable computers, users have the opportunity to create and acquire large numbers of files. The ability to store and retrieve documents effectively with these machines is a key issue. Hierarchical storage is not adequate because the user must focus on where a document is stored instead of on what it contains. This paper explores how context can be used to help the capture and access of documents in a wearable computer. It examines several systems that use context with documents. It then presents a new storage system that uses context to aid in the capture and access of documents in a wearable computer.
Pictures and Trails: A New Framework for the Computation of Shape and Motion from Perspective Image Sequences
Authors: Carlo Tomasi
Venue:  (1993)

This report presents a new framework for the computation of shape and motion from a sequence of images taken under perspective projection. The framework is based on two abstractions, the picture and trail loci, that represent respectively the set of all pictures of the same scene and the set of all trails that a point in the world can leave on the image for a given camera trajectory. These abstractions lead to a remarkably clean relation between perspective and orthography. Furthermore, image motion is described in terms of angles between projection rays, thereby eliminating the need to model camera rotation and leading to more stable results. A numerically sound, global minimization method is developed, based on this framework, for the case of a two-dimensional world, but all concepts also hold in three dimensions. Experiments show that the method is rather immune to noise but critically dependent on camera calibration.
Tracking through Singularities and Discontinuities by Random Sampling
Authors: J. Deutscher, B. North, B. Bascle, A. Blake
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision-Volume 2 - Volume 2 (1999)

Some issues in marker-less tracking of human body motion are addressed. Extended Kalman filters have commonly been applied to kinematic variables, to combine predictions consistent with plausible motion, with the incoming stream of visual measurements. Kalman filtering is applicable only when the underlying distribution is approximately Gaussian. Often, this assumption proves remarkably robust.There are two pervasive circumstances under which the Gaussianity assumption can break down. The first is kinematic singularity, and the second is at joint end-stops. Failure of Kalman filtering under these circumstance is illustrated.The non-Gaussian nature of the distributions is demonstrated experimentally by means of Monte-Carlo simulation. Random simulation - particle filtering or Condensation -proves to provide a robust alternative algorithm for tracking that can also deal with these difficult conditions.
Modeling of Real-Time Embedded Systems in an Object-Oriented Design Environment with UML
Authors: Razvan Jigorea, Sorin Manolache, Petru Eles, Zebo Peng
Venue: Proceedings of the Third IEEE International Symposium on Object-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing (2000)

This paper explores aspects concerning system-level specification, modeling and simulation of real-time embedded systems. By means of case studies, we investigate how object-oriented methodologies, and in particular UML, support the modeling of industrial scale real-time systems, and how different architectures can be explored by model simulation.We are mainly interested in the problem of system specification as it appears from the prospect of the whole design process. The discussion is illustrated by a large system model from the telecommunications area, the GSM base transceiver station.
Quorum-Based Protocol for Locking Replicas of Objects
Authors: Katsuya Tanaka, Makoto Takizawa
Venue: Proceedings of the 2001 International Conference on Computer Networks and Mobile Computing (ICCNMC'01) (2001)

Object-based systems are composed of objects, which are encapsulation of data and methods. Objects are replicated in order to increase reliability and availability of the systems. Objects aremanipulated only through the methods. In addition, methods are invoked in a nested manner. Wediscuss how to lock replicas of an object for methods in a quorum-based scheme and perform methods on the replicas. First, we extend the quorum concept for primitive read and write methods onsimple objects like files to abstract methods supportedby objects. The quorum size is decided based on a conflicting relation among methods and state update ability of methods.
A well structured parallel file system for PM
Authors: Bruno Braban, Peter Schlenk
Venue: ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review (1989)

PM is a new object-oriented methodology which allows a more structured approach to the specification and implementation of software for distributed and multiprocessor architectures. In order to evaluate the correctness and efficiency of the PM prototype implementation, it has been decided to build a highly parallel distributed file system as a first application.This paper outlines the design of this file system. Starting with the proposal of an overall structure for the system, we will then detail each type of object it will be made of and propose solutions in response to the classical problems encountered in the area of file systems, provision of a transaction mechanism and guarantee of the consistency of the users' data.
Categorical Type Theory
Authors: Prakash Panangaden, Michael I. Schwartzbach
Venue:  (1985)

This paper examines the connections between intuitionistic type theory and category theory. A version of type theory is developed in a category theoretic framework by interpreting types as objects and type connectives as constructions in categories. This yields a theory that uniformly models type inhabitation, proof theory, type universes, syntactic forms, equality and computation.
From Total Order to Database Replication
Authors: Yair Amir, Ciprian Tutu
Venue: Proceedings of the 22 nd International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS'02) (2002)

This paper presents in detail an efficient and provably correct algorithm for database replication over partitionable networks. Our algorithm avoids the need for end-to-end acknowledgments for each action while supporting network partitions and merges and allowing dynamic instantiation of new replicas. One round of end-to-end acknowledgments is required only upon a membership change event such as a network partition. New actions may be introduced to the system at any point, not only while in a primary component. We show how performance can be further improved for applications that allow relaxation of consistencyrequirements. We provide experimental results that demonstrate the efficiency of our approach.