ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Video-games: Do they require general intelligence?
Authors: M. A. Quiroga, M. Herranz, M. Gómez-Abad, M. Kebir, J. Ruiz, Roberto Colom
Venue: Computers Education (2009)

Here we test if playing video-games require intelligence. Twenty-seven university undergraduate students were trained on three games from Big Brain Academy (Wii): Calculus, Backward Memory and Train. Participants did not have any previous experience with these games. General intelligence was measured by five ability tests before the training session. Training comprised 10 blocks of trials (10 trials per block). Ackerman's (Ackerman, P. L. (1988). Individual differences and skill acquisition. In P. L. Ackerman, R. J. Sernberg, & R. Glaser (Eds.), Learning and individual differences: Advances in theory and practice (pp. 165-217). New York: W.H. Freeman and Company) theory of skill learning was used as a framework for the present study. Results show that playing the Train game increases the correlation with general intelligence across blocks of trials. This is not the case for Calculus and Backward Memory. These findings suggest strategies for designing video-games presumably appropriate to stimulate our core cognitive abilities.
Credibility of Electronic Word-of-Mouth: Informational and Normative Determinants of On-line Consumer Recommendations
Authors: Man Cheung, Chuan Luo, Choon Sia, Huaping Chen
Venue: International Journal of Electronic Commerce (2009)

Word-of-mouth (WOM) study is extended to the on-line context (eWOM) by examining the informational and normative determinants of the perceived credibility of on-line consumer recommendations. A survey of users of an on-line consumer discussion forum in China substantiated the effects of the determinants, although post-hoc analyses revealed that prior knowledge and involvement level moderate some of them. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
Deposition of HfO2 on InAs by atomic-layer deposition
Authors: D. Wheeler, L. -E. Wernersson, L. Fröberg, C. Thelander, A. Mikkelsen, K. -J. Weststrate, A. Sonnet, E. M. Vogel, A. Seabaugh
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2009)

Metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) capacitors are formed on bulk InAs substrates by atomic-layer deposition (ALD) of HfO"2. Prior to film growth, InAs substrates receive a wet-chemical treatment of HCl, buffered HF (BHF), or (NH"4)"2S. Hafnium dioxide films are grown using 75 ALD cycles with substrate temperatures of 100, 200, and 300^oC. Substrate temperature is found to have a significant influence on the current-voltage (I-V) and capacitance-voltage (C-V) characteristics of the capacitors, while the influence of substrate pretreatment manifests itself in interface trap density, D"i"t, as measured by the Terman method.
Analyzing Student Motivation and Self-Efficacy in Using an Intelligent Tutoring System
Authors: Leen-Kiat Soh, Lee Dee Miller
Venue: Proceeding of the 2005 conference on Towards Sustainable and Scalable Educational Innovations Informed by the Learning Sciences: Sharing Good Practices of Research, Experimentation and Innovation (2005)

In this paper, we analyze how traits such as student motivation and self-efficacy impact students' perception of the usefulness of an intelligent tutoring system (ITS). We have built and deployed an ITS called Intelligent Learning Materials Delivery Agent (ILMDA) in a CS1 course. This ITS presents instructional content such as tutorials, examples, and problems to the students with a bare bone minimal interface. The students interact with the system through a graphical user interface. The agent reasoning module of the ITS monitors the interaction, models the students, and selects the next example or problem to present to the student. Here we analyze the results of a qualitative survey of students' perception of this system, using data mining techniques such as correlation and contrast rules. We report on how the interface, the instructional content, and student motivation and self-efficacy relate to each other.
A backward-compatible multiple-round collision avoidance scheme for contention based medium access control
Authors: Jeongkyun Yun, Jin-Ghoo Choi, Saewoong Bahk
Venue: Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking (2009)

Random-access mechanisms play an important role in wireless networks, and have been extensively studied in recent years. Although many previous studies have proposed enhanced algorithms, each one has only considered either throughput or fairness. In this paper, we propose an efficient random-access mechanism called Multi-round Collision Avoidance (MrCA) that considers throughput and fairness together. The key idea in MrCA is to avoid collisions through multiple contentions, each with a smaller sized contention window. With this simple modification, we can significantly reduce the collision probability as well as the access delay, in addition to increasing fairness index. We find the collision probability and throughput analytically. Through simulation, we validate our analytical model and find appropriate parameters for achieving good performance. We also demonstrate that, compared to the IEEE 802.11 DCF, MrCA makes the collision probability extremely low, so that it increases throughput by 25% as well as short-term fairness by 50% with 50 contending nodes. When MrCA and 802.11 DCF schemes are combined with the auto rate fallback scheme, the performance gain of MrCA over 802.11 DCF increases because MrCA lowers the collision probability significantly, which makes channel error estimation more accurate. We also discuss the issues of implementation and backward compatibility.
Influence of pulse pressure variation on the results of local arterial compliance measurement: A computer simulation study
Authors: Jaak Talts, Rein Raamat, Kersti Jagomägi
Venue: Computers in Biology and Medicine (2009)

A computer simulation has been performed to study the influence of the pulse pressure variation on the arterial compliance readings in regard to different calculation techniques and arterial wall elastic properties. We applied the derivative- and amplitude-based (delta-based) calculation techniques to the model of the pressure vs. arterial lumen area relationship of different arteries. The simulated pulse pressure increase resulted in an essential reduction of the delta-based compliance in its near maximum region, and in an increase or no change outside this region. In the case of the relationship of a lower steepness the alterations were smaller.
Chromatic sets of power graphs and their application to resource placement in multicomputer networks
Authors: N. Imani, H. Sarbazi-Azad, S. G. Akl, P. Moinzadeh
Venue: Computers Mathematics with Applications (2009)

In this paper, using the chromatic properties of power graphs we propose a new approach for placing resources in symmetric networks. Our novel placement scheme guarantees a perfect placement when such a solution is feasible in the topology, while in general it answers the question of k-resource placement at a distance d where each non-resource node is able to access k resource nodes within at most d hops away. We define a quasi-perfect graph as a graph whose clique number and chromatic number are equal. We derive important properties of quasi-perfect graphs and use them to find a solution for the resource placement problem. We have also applied the proposed method to find a distant resource placement in the popular hypercube network as an example. We have also considered the problem of sparse resource placement.
The effects of learning behaviors in classroom goal orientation and control ideology: using structural equation modeling
Authors: Parvin Kadivar, M. Arabzadeh, S. Javadi, V. Farzad
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th WSEAS international conference on Artificial intelligence, knowledge engineering and data bases (2009)

A structural equation modeling were used to explore the effect of teacher's own learning behavior and teaching practices. 300 in service teachers respond to a self-regulated learning questionnaire (Boufard, 1995) as teacher's learning behavior, their teaching practices as indicated in goal orientation questionnaire (Baton et al 1996), and The teacher's approach toward control ideology as shown in PIC (Hoy, 2000). Findings demonstrated that teachers own self-regulated learning behavior influence goal orientation in a way that teachers take mastery goal orientation to teaching environment, which in turn leads to democratic control ideology.
Missing or absent? A Question in Cost-sensitive Decision Tree
Authors: Zhenxing Qin, Shichao Zhang, Chengqi Zhang
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on Advances in Intelligent IT: Active Media Technology 2006 (2006)

One common source of error in data is the existence of missing value fields. Imputation method has been a widely used technique in preprocessing phase of data mining, in which missing values are replaced by some estimated values. Previous work is trying to seek the “original” values according to specific criteria, such as statistics measure. However, in domain of cost-sensitive learning, minimal overall cost is the most important issue, i.e. a value which can minimize total cost is prefer than the “best” value upon common sense. For example, in medical domains, some data fields usually are left as absent and known information is enough for a decision. In this paper, we proposed a new method to study the problem of “missing or absent values?” in the domain cost-sensitive learning. Experiment results show some improvements with distinguished missing and absent data in cost-sensitive decision tree.
Developing Software for Symbian OS 2nd Edition: A Beginner's Guide to Creating Symbian OS v9 Smartphone Applications in C++, 2nd edition
Authors: Steve Babin
Venue:  (2007)

Many problems encountered by engineers developing code for specialized Symbian subsystems boil down to a lack of understanding of the core Symbian programming concepts. Developing Software for Symbian OS remedies this problem as it provides a comprehensive coverage of all the key concepts. Numerous examples and descriptions are also included, which focus on the concepts the author has seen developers struggle with the most. The book covers development ranging from low-level system programming to end user GUI applications. It also covers the development and packaging tools, as well as providing some detailed reference and examples for key APIs. The new edition includes a completely new chapter on platform security. The overall goal of the book is to provide introductory coverage of Symbian OS v9 and help developers with little or no knowledge of Symbian OS to develop as quickly as possible. There are few people with long Symbian development experience compared to demand, due to the rapid growth of Symbian in recent years, and developing software for new generation wireless devices requires knowledge and experience of OS concepts. This book will use many comparisons between Symbian OS and other OSes to help in that transition. Get yourself ahead with the perfect introduction to developing software for Symbian OS. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
BART: a modular toolkit for coreference resolution
Authors: Yannick Versley, Simone Paolo Ponzetto, Massimo Poesio, Vladimir Eidelman, Alan Jern, Jason Smith, Xiaofeng Yang, Alessandro Moschitti
Venue: Proceedings of the 46th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics on Human Language Technologies: Demo Session (2008)

Developing a full coreference system able to run all the way from raw text to semantic interpretation is a considerable engineering effort, yet there is very limited availability of off-the shelf tools for researchers whose interests are not in coreference, or for researchers who want to concentrate on a specific aspect of the problem. We present BART, a highly modular toolkit for developing coreference applications. In the Johns Hopkins workshop on using lexical and encyclopedic knowledge for entity disambiguation, the toolkit was used to extend a reimplementation of the Soon et al. (2001) proposal with a variety of additional syntactic and knowledge-based features, and experiment with alternative resolution processes, preprocessing tools, and classifiers.
Incrementally Introducing Process Model Rationale Support in an Organization
Authors: Alexis Ocampo, Jürgen Münch, William E. Riddle
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Software Process: Trustworthy Software Development Processes (2009)

Popular process models such as the Rational Unified Process or the V-Modell XT are by nature large and complex. Each time that a new release is published software development organizations are confronted with the big challenge of understanding the rationale behind the new release and the extent to which it affects them. Usually, there is no information about what has changed or most importantly why. This is because of the lack of a flexible approach that supports organizations responsible for evolving such large process models in documenting their decisions and that reflects the extent of the capabilities to which they can provide this information. This paper describes an approach to incrementally deploying rationale support as needed to match an organization's needs, the capabilities and interests of the organization's process engineering teams, and the organization's willingness to support the effort required for the collection and application of the rationale information.
Pattern Repositories for Software Engineering Education
Authors: Hans-Werner Sehring, Sebastian Bossung, Patrick Hupe, Michael Skusa, Joachim W. Schmidt
Venue: Proceeding of the 2007 conference on Databases and Information Systems IV: Selected Papers from the Seventh International Baltic Conference DB&IS'2006 (2007)

Modern software engineering attacks its complexity problems by applying well-understood development principles. In particular, the systematic adoption of design patterns caused a significant improvement of software engineering and is one of the most effective remedies for what was formerly called the software crises. Design patterns and their utilization constitute an increasing body of knowledge in software engineering. Due to their regular structure, their orthogonal applicability and the availability of meaningful examples design patterns can serve as an excellent set of use cases for organizational memories, for software development tools and for e-learning environments. Patterns are defined and described on two levels [1]: by real-world examples---e.g., textual or graphical content on their principles, best practices, structure diagrams, code etc.---and by conceptual models---e.g., on categories of application problems, software solutions, deployment consequences etc. This intrinsically dualistic nature of patterns makes them good candidates for conceptual content management (CCM). In this paper we report on the application of the CCM approach to a repository for teaching and training in pattern-based software design as well as for the support of the corresponding e-learning processes.
Rough concept analysis for rough classification
Authors: Yu-Kyung Kang, Suk-Hyung Hwang
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th WSEAS international conference on Mathematical methods, computational techniques and intelligent systems (2008)

Nowadays, we need much time and effort for extracting useful information in a flood of data, which are generated everyday by the development of a computer. In order to solve such a problem, many approaches are proposed. Data Mining is the whole process for knowledge discovery by analyzing data, or by extracting patterns in specific categories from data. As a Data Mining approach, in recent days, interests in Formal Concept Analysis and Rough Set Theory are on the increase and researches based on them are going in progress actively. In this paper, we have proposed a rough concept analysis and developed Rough Concept Analyzer for rough classification and extract hidden knowledge easily from given vague data. Also we have demonstrated how our proposed approach can be applied in tag-based social bookmarking system through our experiment. By rough classification using the "Rough Concept Analyzer", we can discover useful knowledge that cannot find out by using the FCA, from the vague data. Our tool would be helpful for rough classification and analyzing the uncertain data out of various fields.
Reversible enhanced event structures: Towards reversible E-LOTOS
Authors: M. Kapus-Kolar
Venue: Computer Standards Interfaces (2009)

After studying how undoing of events of irreversibly aging processes complicates in the presence of urgent events or occasionally suspended subprocesses, we propose a reversibility operator for the standard process-algebraic specification language E-LOTOS, whose recently proposed true-concurrency semantics is based on enhanced event structures (EESs). With this operator, the reversibility of events executed by a real-time process and the urgency of their undoing can be specified with respect to their external appearance and the time elapsed since their execution. To facilitate definition of the operator, we introduce a very fine control of event undoing into the general EESs.
Modelling Multi-Facetted Purposes of Artefacts
Authors: Colette Rolland
Venue: Proceeding of the 2005 conference on New Trends in Software Methodologies, Tools and Techniques: Proceedings of the fourth SoMeT_W05 (2005)

Whereas software variability deals with customisation and adaptability of software, we consider here the issue of modelling variability for Information System artefacts. We view variability in the larger perspective of the system meeting the purpose of many organisations and customer groups. We propose to represent this multi-facetted nature of a purpose through the notion of intentions and strategies organised as a map. The map is a directed, labelled, non-deterministic graph with intentions as nodes, and strategies to achieve intentions, as edges. Its nature allows the capture of different forms of variability through multi-edges between a pair of nodes thereby enabling many traversals of the graph from beginning to end. Besides, using the refinement mechanism of the map, it is possible to represent variability at different levels of detail. We show the power of a map to represent variability and, as an illustration, model the variations of the SAP Materials module as a map. Additionally, we show that variations in process models can also be captured in the map formalism. Again, we apply a multi-facetted process model to customise the SAP materials module.
A speech feature extraction method using complexity measure for voice activity detection in WGN
Authors: Heyun Huang, Fuhuei Lin
Venue: Speech Communication (2009)

A novel speech extraction algorithm is proposed in this paper for Voice Activity Detection (VAD). Signal complexity analysis with definition of Kolmogorov complexity is adopted, which explores model characteristics of speech production to differentiate speech and white Gaussian noise (WGN). In the view of speech signal processing, properties of speech's source and vocal tract are explored by complexity analysis. Also, some interesting properties of signal complexity are presented with experimental study, including complexity analysis of general noise-corrupted signal. Moreover, some enhanced features with complexity and a feature incorporation method are presented. These features incorporate some unique characteristics of speech, like pitch information, vocal organ information, and so on. With a large database of speech signals and synthetic/real Gaussian noise, distributions of novel features and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves are shown, which are proved as potential features for voice activity detection.
SPMD OpenMP versus MPI on a IBM SMP for 3 Kernels of the NAS Benchmarks
Authors: Géraud Krawezik, Guillaume Alléon, Franck Cappello
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on High Performance Computing (2009)

Shared Memory Multiprocessors are becoming more popular since they are used to deploy large parallel computers. The current trend is to enlarge the number of processors inside such multiprocessor nodes. However a lot of existing applications are using the message passing paradigm even when running on shared memory machines. This is due to three main factors: 1) the legacy of previous versions written for distributed memory computers, 2) the difficulty to obtain high performances with OpenMP when using loop level parallelization and 3) the complexity of writing multithreaded programs using a low level thread library. In this paper we demonstrate that OpenMP can provide better performance than MPI on SMP machines. We use a coarse grain parallelization approach, also known as the SPMD programming style with OpenMP. The performance evaluation considers the IBM SP3 NH2 and three kernels of the NAS benchmark: FT, CG and MG. We compare three implementations of them: the NAS 2.3 MPI, a fine grain (loop level) OpenMP version and our SPMD OpenMP version. A breakdown of the execution times provides an explanation of the performance results.
Reusability of eLearning Objects in the context of Learning Grids
Authors: Konrad Wulf
Venue: Proceeding of the 2005 conference on Towards the Learning Grid: Advances in Human Learning Services (2005)

This paper examines the requirements for eLearning Object Metadata, in order to appropriately support pedagogic and economic goals as well as service oriented architectures like the Grid. The standard IEEE LOM is being tested against these requirements. In conclusion, it can be said that while current eLearning practices are well supported by the standard, the main insufficiencies concern a) the adequate description of ELOs that are services and not downloadable, self-contained programs and b) the commercial trading of ELOs.
Reducing Cu diffusion in SiCOH low-k films by O2 plasma treatment
Authors: Jing Yuan, Chao Ye, Zhenyu Xing, Yijun Xu, Zhaoyuan Ning
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2009)

This work investigates the Cu diffusion in SiCOH low dielectric constant films treated by O"2 plasma. By capacitance-voltage and current-voltage measurement, and thermal stress analysis, it is found that the O"2 plasma surface treatment of SiCOH films can lead to the decrease of flatband voltage shift @DV"F"B, the increase of activation energy E"a, and the decrease of leakage current. The small @DV"F"B and lower leakage current indicate the weak Cu diffusion. The increase of active energy means the reducing of fast Cu ions surface diffusion through the interconnected pores structure of the film. Hence, the Cu diffusion in SiCOH films can be reduced by O"2 plasma treatment. By FTIR and AFM analysis on the bonding configuration and microstructure, the reduce of Cu diffusion is related to the increase of Si-O cages and networks, which makes more open pores sealed at the surface of SiCOH films.