ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Statistical diagnosis of unmodeled systematic timing effects
Authors: Pouria Bastani, Nicholas Callegari, Li-C. Wang, Magdy S. Abadir
Venue: Proceedings of the 45th annual Design Automation Conference (2008)

Explaining the mismatch between predicted timing behavior from modeling and simulation, and the observed timing behavior measured on silicon chips can be very challenging. Given a list of potential sources, the mismatch can be the aggregate result caused by some of them both individually and collectively, resulting in a very large search space. Furthermore, observed data are always corrupted by some unknown statistical random noises. To overcome both challenges, this paper proposes a statistical diagnosis framework that formulates the diagnosis problem as a regression learning problem. In this diagnosis framework, the objective is to rank a set of features corresponding to the list of potential sources of concern. The rank is based on measured silicon path delay data such that a feature inducing a larger unexpected timing deviation is ranked higher. Experimental results are presented to explain the learning method. Diagnosis effectiveness will be demonstrated through benchmark experiments and on an industrial design.
A Cross-Layer Approach for Per-Station Fairness in TCP over WLANs
Authors: Eun-Chan Park, Dong-Young Kim, Hwangnam Kim, Chong-Ho Choi
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing (2008)

In this paper, we investigate the issue of per-station fairness in TCP over IEEE 802.11-compliant wireless local area networks (WLANs), especially in Wi-Fi hot spot. It is asserted that the hot spot suffers from the unfairness among stations in exploiting the wireless medium. The source of this unfairness is analyzed from two aspects, TCP-induced asymmetry and MAC-induced asymmetry; the former causes TCP congestion control with a cumulative acknowledgment mechanism to prefer the sending stations to receiving stations, while the later exacerbates the unfairness problem in the hot spots. We investigate the interaction between TCP congestion control and MAC contention control, and propose a cross-layer feedback approach to assure per-station fairness and to ensure high channel utilization. In this approach, we introduce the notion of channel access cost to quantify the system-wide traffic load and per-station channel usage. The access cost is estimated at the MAC in an access point and conveyed to the TCP sender. Then, the TCP sender adjusts its sending rate based on the access cost, so as to assure per-station fairness. The simulation results indicate that the proposed approach can provide both per-station fairness and high channel utilization, irrespective of network configurations.
Medical image fusion using m-PCNN
Authors: Zhaobin Wang, Yide Ma
Venue: Information Fusion (2008)

Medical image fusion plays an important role in clinical applications such as image-guided surgery, image-guided radiotherapy, non-invasive diagnosis, and treatment planning. Pulse coupled neural network (PCNN) is derived from the synchronous neuronal burst phenomena in the cat visual cortex. However, it is very difficult to directly apply original PCNN into the field of image fusion, because its model has some shortcomings. Although a significant amount of research work has been done in developing various medical image algorithms, one disadvantage with the approaches is that they cannot deal with different kinds of medical images. In this instance, we propose a novel multi-channel model -m-PCNN for the first time and apply it to medical image fusion. In the paper, firstly the mathematical model of m-PCNN is described, and then dual-channel model as a special case of m-PCNN is introduced in detail. In order to show that the m-PCNN can deal with multimodal medical images, we used four pairs of medical images with different modalities as our experimental subjects. At the same time, in comparison with other methods (Contrast pyramid, FSD pyramid, Gradient pyramid, Laplacian pyramid, etc.), the performance and relative importance of various methods is investigated using the Mutual Information criteria. Experimental results show our method outperforms other methods, in both visual effect and objective evaluation criteria.
Analysis of AntNet routing scheme by using queueing model
Authors: Kyungmin Park, Youngyong Kim
Venue: Computer Communications (2008)

We analyzed the AntNet routing scheme's performance by using the network queueing model, and derived the optimal routing strategies to minimize the average time and variance of the end-to-end packet delay. In contrast to existing research, this paper provides the theoretical analytic methods for the AntNet scheme. Moreover we added the link failure case for AntNet to the queueing model. At first, by adapting the AntNet queueing model to a simple two paths network, we showed the performance of AntNet routing scheme to minimize the average time and variance of the end-to-end packet delay. Then we extended it to the large network, and compared the AntNet routing scheme to the shortest path routing scheme and the optimal routing strategies. The AntNet scheme's load-balancing effect gives it a smaller delay than the shortest path routing scheme in high intensity network environments, which have heavy traffic. However, the AntNet scheme does not match the performance of the routing strategy that minimize the end-to-end delay. Moreover although the AntNet scheme provides the minimum delay variance at a simple two paths network, it does not guarantee that in the large sized network.
Building an economical VR system for CS education
Authors: Joel C. Adams, Joshua Hotrop
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th annual conference on Innovation and technology in computer science education (2008)

As an immersive, interactive 3D environment, virtual reality (VR) is a way to capture students' imaginations and unleash their creativity. Such a system might be used in Computer Graphics, Gaming, Simulation, and with a suitable API, introductory courses. As such, it offers an excellent means of attracting CS students in a time of dwindling enrollments. However, the cost and complexity of building a VR system has been prohibitive until recently. This paper presents a fully immersive, 2-sensor, six degrees of freedom VR system we built for less than $4000.
Reference Algorithm for 3D Mesh Model in Service Rendering Middleware
Authors: Hakran Kim, Yongik Yoon, Hwajin Park
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering (2008)

As needs arise for an adaptive service with a new concept according to 3D graphic contents restrictions in the user environments, this study proposes an adaptive service model for 3D graphic contents in ubiquitous environment. In advance, we proposed Service Rendering Middleware to reconstruct the elements of existing contents according to the changing user environments as a middle layer model. This study provides a reference algorithm that selects an appropriate mesh model in Service Rendering Middleware. The algorithm provides a service level adequate for the current environment, allowing accurate creation and management of new 3D graphic contents according to device capabilities. An increasing amount of 3D graphic contents is being serviced to a wide range of terminal devices, and the approaches suggested in this paper are expected to enable fast adaptive services that enhance user satisfaction.
A reconfigurable FTL (flash translation layer) architecture for NAND flash-based applications
Authors: Chanik Park, Wonmoon Cheon, Jeonguk Kang, Kangho Roh, Wonhee Cho, Jin-Soo Kim
Venue: ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS) (2008)

In this article, a novel FTL (flash translation layer) architecture is proposed for NAND flash-based applications such as MP3 players, DSCs (digital still cameras) and SSDs (solid-state drives). Although the basic function of an FTL is to translate a logical sector address to a physical sector address in flash memory, efficient algorithms of an FTL have a significant impact on performance as well as the lifetime. After the dominant parameters that affect the performance and endurance are categorized, the design space of the FTL architecture is explored based on a diverse workload analysis. With the proposed FTL architectural framework, it is possible to decide which configuration of FTL mapping parameters yields the best performance, depending on the differing characteristics of various NAND flash-based applications.
Incomparability results for classes of polynomial tree series transformations
Authors: Andreas Maletti, Heiko Vogler
Venue: Journal of Automata, Languages and Combinatorics (2005)

Polynomial bottom-up and top-down tree series transducers over partially ordered semirings are considered, and the classes of ε-tree-to-tree-series (for short: ε-t-ts) and o-tree-to-tree-series (for short: o-t-ts) transformations computed by such transducers are compared. The main result is the following. Let A be a weakly growing semiring and x, y ∈ {deterministic, homomorphism}. The class of o-t-ts transformations computed by x bottom-up tree series transducers over A is incomparable (with respect to set inclusion) with the class of ε-t-ts transformations computed by y bottom-up tree series transducers over A. Moreover, the latter class is incomparable with the class of ε-t-ts transformations computed by x top-down tree series transducers over A. If additionally A is additively idempotent, then the above statements even hold for every x, y ∈ {polynomial, deterministic, homomorphism}.
Visualizing Aspect-Oriented Goal Models with AoGRL
Authors: Gunter Mussbacher, Daniel Amyot, João Araújo, Ana Moreira, Michael Weiss
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Requirements Engineering Visualization (2007)

As goal models can be large and complex even for small problems, it is often a challenge to aptly visualize them and to efficiently structure them for maintenance and reuse activities. The Goal-oriented Requirement Language (GRL) based on i* and the Non- Functional Requirements (NFR) Framework is no exception regarding these challenges. We argue that new ways of visualizing GRL goal models are needed and propose to use Aspect-oriented GRL (AoGRL) to improve the current structure of GRL models and their visualization. The paper presents a case study to evaluate the modularity, understandability, reusability, maintainability, and scalability of AoGRL models compared to GRL models. The evaluation is carried out based on metrics adapted from literature. The evaluation suggests that AoGRL models are more scalable than GRL models and exhibit better modularity, understandability, reusability, and maintainability.
Secure Data Sharing in Mobile Environments
Authors: Takashi Matsunaka, Takayuki Warabino, Yoji Kishi
Venue: Proceedings of the The Ninth International Conference on Mobile Data Management (2008)

This paper proposes an approach for secure data sharingon mobile terminals with members of a particular group. Toavoid the data being compromised due to loss or theft, thisapproach prevents data leakage, while allowing the correctmembers to recover the data to a new mobile terminalthanks to cooperation between a mobile terminal and anetwork server. The fundamental concept used to achievedata security involves applying data encryption and secretsharing of the encryption key. In addition, this approachnewly introduces a key encapsulation mechanism (KEM)and threshold cryptography. The approach also combinesthe use of a data protection approach, based on a secretsharing scheme, in order to achieve an efficient data readingprocess. Once one of the members reads the data, he/sheneed not use threshold cryptography to reconstruct the encryptedkey, but instead uses a secret sharing scheme. Thispaper confirms the potential of this approach via the prototypeimplementation onto a mobile phone.
Inequalities for some functionals associated with bounded linear operators in Hilbert spaces
Authors: Sever S. Dragomir
Venue: Publications of the Research Institute for Mathematical Sciences (2007)

Some inequalities between the operator norm, numerical radius and the functionals vp, &delta;p defined in terms of the real and imaginary part of (Ax, x), x &isin; H, ||x|| = 1 are established. New upper bounds for the nonnegative quantity ||A||2 - w2 (A) with A &isin; B (H) that complement some recent results of the author are given as well.
Text Pre-processing for Lossless Compression
Authors: Luís Batista, Luís A. Alexandre
Venue: Proceedings of the Data Compression Conference (2008)

In this paper we present several pre-processing techniques developed to help general-purpose compressors achieve better results in the task of (lossless) text compression. The possibility to create dictionaries ``online'', together with the ability to store them within the compressed file, has revealed itself an attractive one, resulting in significant compression improvement.Moreover, this technique has the advantage of being independent for languages whose vocabulary is built upon the use of prefixes and sufixes.In our experiments, we achieved an improvement representing almost 3\% over existing techniques on a large (100Mbyte) file.
RaceTM: detecting data races using transactional memory
Authors: Shantanu Gupta, Florin Sultan, Srihari Cadambi, Franjo Ivancic, Martin Roetteler
Venue: Proceedings of the twentieth annual symposium on Parallelism in algorithms and architectures (2008)

Widespread emergence of multicore processors will spur development of parallel applications, exposing programmers to more hardware concurrency. Dependable multithreaded software will have to rely on the ability to dynamically detect data races, which are non-deterministic and notoriously hard to reproduce symptoms of synchronization bugs. In this paper, we propose RaceTM, a novel approach that exploits transactional memory support to detect data races. We introduce the concept of lightweight debug transactions that exploit the conflict detection mechanisms of transactional memory systems to perform data race detection. Debug transactions differ from regular transactions in that they do not need to be rolled back, and therefore require no versioning or checkpointing support. Debug transactions do not overlap with a regular transaction, thus providing a transparent mechanism to leverage existing transactional memory support for data race detection.
Modelling and application of optimal-selection evaluation for manufacturing grid resource
Authors: D. Yufeng, T. Fei, S. Buyun, Z. Zude
Venue: International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing (2008)

Manufacturing grid (MGrid) is a new resource sharing platform. To reduce the decision-making time of selecting appropriate resources for special clients and to improve the quality of service (QoS) in MGrid, the evaluation indices library is established, which includes the general evaluation indices, the special evaluation indices and the individual evaluation indices. The notion of agent-based resource optimal selection evaluation is proposed in the MGrid and the architecture model and the particular algorithm are presented. The experimental results show that the model and the algorithm are feasible and effective for solving the problem of resource optimal selection in the MGrid system.
Pseudometrics, distances and multivariate polynomial inequalities
Authors: Len Bos, Norm Levenberg, Shayne Waldron
Venue: Journal of Approximation Theory (2008)

We discuss three natural pseudodistances and pseudometrics on a bounded domain in R^N based on polynomial inequalities.
Low power high bandwidth amplifier with RC Miller and gain enhanced feedforward compensation
Authors: Shagun Bajoria, Vineet Kumar Singh, Raju Kunde, Chetan D. Parikh
Venue: Proceeding of the 13th international symposium on Low power electronics and design (2008)

An improved frequency compensation technique is presented for low-power low-voltage three-stage operational amplifiers with high capacitive loads. The technique uses single RC Miller compensation and a direct gain enhanced feedforward path from the input to the output. With a load capacitance of 300 pF, the amplifier nominally achieves a dc gain of 74 dB, a 3-dB bandwidth of 2.9 kHz, a 52 degrees phase margin, and a slew rate of 0.22 V/μs, while consuming 0.24 mW of power with a 1.2-V supply voltage, in a 180 nm CMOS technology. The 3-dB bandwidth is one of the highest reported for a high-gain three-stage CMOS amplifier.
Grid Middleware and Services: Challenges and Solutions, 1 edition
Authors: Domenico Talia, Ramin Yahyapour, Wolfgang Ziegler
Venue:  (2008)

Grid Middleware and Services: Challenges and Solutions is the eighth volume of the CoreGRID series. The CoreGrid Proceedings is the premiere European event on Grid Computing. This book aims to strengthen and advance scientific and technological excellence in the area of Grid Computing. The main focus in this volume is on Grid middleware and service level agreement. Grid middleware and Grid services are two pillars of grid computing systems and applications. This book includes high-level contributions by leading researchers in both areas and presents current solutions together with future challenges. This volume includes sections on knowledge and data management on grids, Grid resource management and scheduling, Grid information, resource and workflow monitoring services, and service level agreements. Grid Middleware and Services: Challenges and Solutions is designed for a professional audience, composed of researchers and practitioners in industry. This volume is also suitable for graduate-level students in computer science.
Multi-Channel Impedance Technology for Mapping and Monitoring of Cardioactivity
Authors: Sergey I. Schookin, Larisa P. Safonova, Igor K. Sergeev, Oleg S. Medvedev
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on BioMedical Engineering and Informatics - Volume 02 (2008)

Prototype models of an electrode system and a new multi-channel non-invasive impedance measuring system were designed and experimentally studied. The 32-channel rheographic system developed allows registration of the electrocardiogram (ECG) and the transthoracic rheogram (TTRG) simultaneousely with up to thirty precordial rheocardiograms (PRCG). The results of the conducted research and the tests of the prototype of the functioning device demonstrated that a method of the impedance precordial mapping, the proposed multi-channel system and technology are highly perspective for solving the following tasks of medical diagnostics: localization of the heart, its chambers, and the main vessels in the thoracic cavity; evaluation of the sizes of main structural components of the heart; determination of valve pathologies; estimation of the phases of the heart cycle; analysis of dynamics, synchronism, and a sequence of contractions of the atria and ventricles; monitoring of the heart pump-function parameters; analysis of the cardio-respiratory relationship.
Rapid tooling route selection for metal casting using QFD-ANP methodology
Authors: D. K. Pal, B. Ravi, L. S. Bhargava
Venue: International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing (2007)

An integrated methodology using quality function deployment (QFD) and analytic network process (ANP) is proposed to determine and prioritize the engineering requirements of a cast part, based on the customer needs, for selecting and evaluating an appropriate rapid prototyping (RP)-based route for tooling fabrication. The QFD incorporates a planning matrix to translate the customer needs into measurable engineering requirements using a robust evaluation method based on ANP. Experimental data generated by carrying out benchmarking studies of widely used RP processes were used to facilitate assignment of relative weights in ANP. The methodology is demonstrated and validated with an industrial example of a separator body casting. It has proved to be a robust evaluation and decision-making tool for selecting appropriate tooling route for a given casting based on customer requirements.
Noise Makers Need to Know Where to be Silent - Producing Schedules That Find Bugs
Authors: Yosi Ben-Asher, Yaniv Eytani, Eitan Farchi, Shmuel Ur
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Leveraging Applications of Formal Methods, Verification and Validation (2006)

A noise maker is a tool that seeds a concurrent program with conditional synchronization primitives, such as yield(), for the purpose of increasing the likelihood that a bug manifest itself. We introduce a novel fault model that classifies locations as "good,"neutral, or "bad, based on the effect of a thread switch at the location. Using the model, we explore the terms under which an efficient search for real-life concurrent bugs can be conducted. We accordingly justify the use of probabilistic algorithms for this search and gain a deeper insight of the work done so far on noise-making. We validate our approach by experimenting with a set of programs taken from publicly available multi-threaded benchmarks. Our empirical evidence demonstrates that real-life behavior is similar to one derived from the model.
Reliability-Aware Optimization for DVS-Enabled Real-Time Embedded Systems
Authors: Foad Dabiri, Navid Amini, Mahsan Rofouei, Majid Sarrafzadeh
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th international symposium on Quality Electronic Design (2008)

Power and energy consumption has emerged as the premier and most constraining aspect in modern computational systems. Dynamic Voltage Scheduling (DVS) has been provably one of the most effective techniques used to achieve low power specification. On the other hand, as the feature size of logic gates (and transistors) is becoming smaller and smaller, the effect of soft error rates caused by single event upsets (SEUs) becomes exponentially greater. Lowering supply voltage to save energy increases soft error rates caused by SEU for two reasons: I) lower voltage makes digital circuits more prone to soft errors and II) reduction in supply voltage, increases the duration of process which increases the chances of being hit by SEU. In this paper, we propose an optimal methodology for DVS on a task graph with consideration of soft error rate. We consider the effects of voltage on SEU and incorporate this dependency in our formulation to develop a new method for energy optimization under SEU constraints. We also propose a convex programming formulation that can be solved efficiently and optimally. We show the effectiveness of our optimal results by simulation on TGFF benchmarks.
Post-Disaster Communications: A Cognitive Agent Approach
Authors: Sonia Majid, Kazi Ahmed
Venue: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Networking (2008)

Communication networks are vulnerable to emergencies both natural and manmade. Deployment of cost-effective, efficient and robust communications network for emergency situations is considered to be a vital problem. In this paper we propose the use of Cognitive Agents for post-disaster communications (CAP-C). Birth-death lifecycle of these mobile agents is also presented. We also presented a binary hypothesis test for evaluating the output of each cognitive agent.