ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Achieving stable operation of ad hoc wireless networks with neighbor pre-selection and synchronous route updates
Authors: Satoko Itaya, Jun Hasegawa, Akio Hasegawa, Peter Davis
Venue: Proceedings of the The IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks 30th Anniversary (2005)

We propose two methods for improving the stability of communication in ad hoc wireless networks - firstly, the selection of reliable neighbors for data relay based on monitoring signal strength variations and secondly, the synchronous update of routing tables. These methods were designed to overcome problems observed in recent large testbed experiments. We show the dramatic improvement in stability and reduction of packet error rate which was achieved when we introduced these methods to an implementation of the OLSR routing protocol. Specifically we evaluated performance in a 50-node ad hoc wireless network, and showed a reduction in the packet error rate from 12% to less than 1
Real-Time Rendering of Realistic Trees in Mixed Reality
Authors: Alberto Candussi, Tobias Hollerer, Nicola Candussi
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (2005)

Mixed Reality applications put very high demands on both the visual realism and the rendering times of computer graphics elements that are to be perceived as part of the physical scene. This paper presents novel techniques to render photorealistic trees in real-time Mixed Reality. Animation of the tree branches leads to a realistic effect of the tree swaying in the wind. To enhance the effect of blending the tree into a video texture, we present three levels of real-time filtering of the tree and its shadow, which has a great impact on the perceived realism.
A Fast Algorithm for ICP-Based 3D Shape Biometrics
Authors: Ping Yan, Kevin W. Bowyer
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE Workshop on Automatic Identification Advanced Technologies (2005)

This paper addresses the problem of creating a faster version of the general ICP approach by exploiting the biometrics application context. In a recognition scenario, gallery images are enrolled into the database ahead of time, which gives us the opportunity to build related information before the probe comes into the system. In this paper, we present a novel approach, called "Pre-computed Voxel Closest Neighbors," to reduce the computational time for shape matching. The approach shifts the heavy computation burden to the enrollment stage, which can be done offline.Experiments in 3D ear biometrics with 302 subjects demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach.
A framework for information technology outsourcing risk management
Authors: Benoit A. Aubert, Michel Patry, Suzanne Rivard
Venue: ACM SIGMIS Database (2005)

This paper takes stock from several studies on Information Technology outsourcing risk. A definition of risk is offered, and an illustration from five case studies is used to show how risk can be managed. Results show that an active risk management approach can reduce risk exposure substantially while enabling the organizations to still reap the benefits associated with outsourcing.
Multimodal appliance cooperation based on explicit goals: concepts & potentials
Authors: Thomas Heider, Thomas Kirste
Venue: Proceedings of the 2005 joint conference on Smart objects and ambient intelligence: innovative context-aware services: usages and technologies (2005)

Smart Environments are increasingly composed from individual components (smart appliances) that have to assemble them-selves into a coherently acting ensemble. This requires software technologies that enable appliances to cooperate spontaneously on behalf of the users needs.In this paper we will illustrate why a goal based approach is necessary and how explicit goals can be used to find system comprehensive strategies and how goals can be used as a benchmark to evaluate the system design.
A MDA Approach for Systems Dedicated to Process Control
Authors: Julien DeAntoni, Jean-Philippe Babau
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th IEEE International Conference on Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications (2005)

This document presents aMDA-based method for the development of systems dedicated to process control. It proposes to introduce a first sensors/actuators independent model. QoS semantic definitions are then stated; thus, dealing with Quality of Service (QoS) requirements is a way to safely introducesensors/actuators in the model.
Thin Structure Segmentation and Visualization in Three-Dimensional Biomedical Images: A Shape-Based Approach
Authors: Adam Huang Gregory M. Nielson, Anshuman Razdan
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics (2006)

This paper presents a shape-based approach in extracting thin structures, such as lines and sheets, from three-dimensional (3D) biomedical images. Of particular interest is the capability to recover cellular structures, such as microtubule spindle fibers and plasma membranes, from laser scanning confocal microscopic (LSCM) data. Hessian-based shape methods are reviewed. A synthesized linear structure is used to evaluate the sensitivity of the multiscale filtering approach in extracting closely positioned fibers. We find that the multiscale approach tends to fuse lines together, which makes it unsuitable for visualizing mouse egg spindle fibers. Single-scale Gaussian filters, balanced between sensitivity and noise resistance, are adopted instead. In addition, through an ellipsoidal Gaussian model, the eigenvalues of the Hessian matrix are quantitatively associated with the standard deviations of the Gaussian model. Existing shape filters are simplified and applied to LSCM data. A significant improvement in extracting closely positioned thin lines is demonstrated by the resultant images. Further, the direct association of shape models and eigenvalues makes the processed images more understandable qualitatively and quantitatively.
Drawing the real
Authors: Danijela Marković, Margrit Gelautz
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques in Australasia and South East Asia (2005)

In this paper we present an algorithm to automatically produce artistic drawings from stereo image pairs. The input to the algorithm is a natural scene, along with a user-defined set of parameters that define the tone and stylistic properties of the image to be produced. The stereo analysis yields a depth map that is used to preserve the perspective perception of the stylized image. In the next step, we perform a local image contrast enhancement, which is driven by the color segmentation result of the original image. We then draw each stroke in a direction determined by the stereo-derived disparity layers, with the stroke density and distribution derived from a Poisson disc distribution. To outline important features in the image, we utilize the contour edges provided by an Edge Combination image. The output of the algorithm is a drawn-like form of the original scene, with objects highlighted by their dominant edges.
Network Event Recognition
Authors: Karthikeyan Bhargavan, Carl A. Gunter
Venue: Formal Methods in System Design (2005)

Network protocols can be tested by capturing communication packets, assembling them into the high-level events, and comparing these to a finite state machine that describes the protocol standard. This process, which we call Network Event Recognition (NER), faces a number of challenges only partially addressed by existing systems. These include the ability to provide precise conformance with specifications, achieve adequate performance, admit analysis of the correctness of recognizers, provide useful diagnostics to enable the analysis of errors, and provide reasonable fidelity by distinguishing application errors from network errors. We introduce a special-purpose Network Event Recognition Language (NERL) and associated tools to address these issues. We validate the design using case studies on protocols at application and transport layers. These studies show that our system can efficiently find errors in recognizers and implementations of widely deployed protocols; they also demonstrate how improved diagnostics and transformations can substantially improve understanding of information generated by packet traces.
Sequential Spectral ATPG Using the Wavelet Transform and Compaction
Authors: Suresh Kumar Devanathan, Michael Lee Bushnell
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on VLSI Design held jointly with 5th International Conference on Embedded Systems Design (2006)

We propose a simulation-based sequential automatic test pattern generation (ATPG) method for single stuck-at faults using the wavelet transform and linear reverse order restoration (LROR) compaction. Sequential ATPG is such a difficult problem that nearly all industrial circuits are tested using full-scan design and combinational ATPG. We describe the wavelet transform, a spectral noise substitution experiment showing the utility of the transform, the wavelet ATPG procedure, and its parameters. Our method outperforms all other methods, including the Hadamard transform method by Giani et al. [1], PROPTEST by Guo et al. [2], and the selfish gene (SG) method by Zhang et al. [3]. We present validated results. On the ISCAS '89 benchmarks, the fault coverage of the wavelet ATPG program is 2.226% greater than for the selfish gene ATPG method [3], and the vector length is 91.690% of the selfish gene vector length. On the 6 largest circuits, wavelet ATPG detected 2.534 % more faults than the selfish gene algorithm. On s15850, wavelet ATPG detected 14.9% more faults.
MediaMetro: browsing multimedia document collections with a 3D city metaphor
Authors: Patrick Chiu, Andreas Girgensohn, Surapong Lertsithichai, Wolf Polak, Frank Shipman
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th annual ACM international conference on Multimedia (2005)

The MediaMetro application provides an interactive 3D visualization of multimedia document collections using a city metaphor. The directories are mapped to city layouts using algorithms similar to treemaps. Each multimedia document is represented by a building and visual summaries of the different constituent media types are rendered onto the sides of the building. From videos, Manga storyboards with keyframe images are created and shown on the fatade; from slides and text, thumbnail images are produced and subsampled for display on the building sides. The images resemble windows on a building and can be selected for media playback. To support more facile navigation between high overviews and low detail views, a novel swooping technique was developed that combines altitude and tilt changes with zeroing in on a target.
Low-Power Programmable Signal Processing, invited
Authors: Paul Hasler
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth International Workshop on System-on-Chip for Real-Time Applications (2005)

This paper present the potential of using Programmable Analog Signal processing techniques for impacting low-power portable applications like imaging, audio processing, and speech recognition. The range of analog signal processing functions available results in many potential opportunities to incorporate these analog signal processing systems with digital signal processing systems for improved overall system performance. Programmable, dense analog techniques enable these approaches, based upon programmable transistor approaches. We show experimental evidence for the factor of 1000 to 10,000 power efficiency improvement for programmable analog signal processing compared to custom digital implementations in Vector Matrix Multipliers (VMM), CMOS imagers with computation on the pixel plane with high fill factors, and Large-Scale Field Programmable Analog Arrays (FPAA), among others.
Data Integration for Medical Information Management
Authors: Mingui Sun, Yun Q. Shi, Qiang Liu, Robert J. Sclabassi
Venue: Journal of VLSI Signal Processing Systems (2005)

We present a new method for data integration and security by mixing medical waveforms and images with encrypted patient identifiers and unencrypted ancillary information, such as acquisition parameters, diagnostic comments and notes in textual, pictorial, and voice forms. We vary the sampling rate according to the instantaneous frequency of the signal. Redundant samples (or pixels) are eliminated and replaced by associative data which are labeled using a status string encoded based on the Huffman and run-length techniques. This method achieves both data compression and integration simultaneously, allows synchronized presentation of information from different sources by using multimedia technology, and provides data security features.
Threads without the Pain
Authors: Andreas Gustafsson
Venue: Queue (2005)

Much of today&rsquo;s software deals with multiple concurrent tasks. Web browsers support multiple concurrent HTTP connections, graphical user interfaces deal with multiple windows and input devices, and Web and DNS servers handle concurrent connections or transactions from large numbers of clients.
High Level Extraction of SoC Architectural Information from Generic C Algorithmic Descriptions
Authors: Marco Mattavelli, Massimo Ravasi
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth International Workshop on System-on-Chip for Real-Time Applications (2005)

The complexity of nowadays, algorithms in terms of number of lines of codes and cross-relations among processing algorithms that are activated by specific input signals, goes far beyond what the designer can reasonably grasp from the "pencil & paper" analysis of the (software) specifications. Moreover, depending on the implementation goal different measures and metrics are required at different steps of the implementation methodology or design flow of SoC. The process of extracting the desired measures needs to be supported by appropriate automatic tools, since code rewriting, at each design stage, may result resource consuming and error prone. This paper presents an integrated tool for automatic analysis capable of producing complexity results based on rich and customizable metrics. The tool is based on a C virtual machine that allows extracting from any C program execution the operations and data-flow information, according to the defined metrics. The tool capabilities include the simulation of virtual memory architectures.
Management and configuration issues for sensor networks
Authors: Pedro José Marrón
Venue: International Journal of Network Management (2005)

In this paper, we define three of the key issues that need to be solved in order to provide efficient management and configuration of applications and system software in sensor networks: the distribution and management of roles within the network, efficient code distribution algorithms, and efficient on-the-fly code update algorithms for sensor networks. The first issue is motivated by the increasing heterogeneity of sensor network applications and their need for more complex (nonhomogeneous) network topologies and structures. The second one is motivated by the intrinsic energy constraint issues and, in general, the resource limitation of sensor networks. Finally, the third one is needed due to the nature of monitoring applications and optimization needs from applications that should be able to efficiently incorporate code updates so that the network can adapt to its surroundings on the fly. In this paper we present related work and some results for each of these issues as we have dealt with them within the TinyCubus project.
Grid-Enabling an Existing Instrument-Based National Service
Authors: Jeremy G. Frey, Sam Peppe, Mike Surridge, Ken Meacham, Simon Coles, Mike Hursthouse, Mark E. Light, Hugo Mills, David De Roure, Graham Smith, Ed Zaluska
Venue: Proceedings of the First International Conference on e-Science and Grid Computing (2005)

Recent work by the 'CombeChem' project together with the UK National Crystallography Service (NCS) has integrated the NCS into an e-Science environment. The existing high-throughput crystallography facility is enhanced by on-line feedback with the ability to monitor and steer diffraction experiments remotely. Security mechanisms are used to determine authorisation attributes and hence to allow user interaction at appropriate stages, together with access of a database recording the status of the submitted samples. The user can monitor the position of their samples, be alerted to all stages from submission to experiment and then analysis, visualise raw data as it is generated, be involved in the key decision-making during the parameterisation and initialization of the experiment and then track the data collection to ensure its successful completion. Results data are staged to a secure area and made available for download (either the raw diffraction data or a refined structure generated by NCS staff).
Decision Feedback Equalization with Quarter-Rate Clock Timing for High-Speed Backplane Data Communications
Authors: Miao Li, Peter Noel, Tad Kwasniewski, Shoujun Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth International Workshop on System-on-Chip for Real-Time Applications (2005)

Decision feedback equalization (DFE) is a popular technique to counteract inter-symbol interference (ISI) in high-speed backplane data communications. Quarter-rate clock timing for DFE circuit design is proposed to alleviate the speed requirement of the clock timing. A receiver implemented in 0.18-µm CMOS technology demonstrates 6.25Gb/s and 8Gb/s operation over a 34" FR4 backplane.
Efficient Pattern-Based Emulation for IEEE 802.11a Baseband
Authors: Il-Gu Lee, Heejung Yu, Sok-Kyu Lee, Jin Lee, Sin-Chong Park
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth International Workshop on System-on-Chip for Real-Time Applications (2005)

As the design complexity and the number of gates per pin are increasing rapidly, functional verification has become a critical step in the development of a System-on-Chip (SoC). Traditional verification techniques, such as simulation or emulation, cannot satisfy the debugging requirement and simulation speed. Among various verification technologies, Pattern-Based emulation provides the most efficient execution speed, but has limited observability due to the limit on the number of available pins and memory size. In addition, it takes a long time to dump patterns into memory. We propose an efficient Pattern-Based emulation approach that combines a cycle-based simulation, an input pattern reduction method based on coverage result, and an automatic pattern comparing scheme.
Text Segmentation in Polish
Authors: Pawel P. Mazur
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Applications (2005)

In the paper a great importance of text segmentation in natural language engineering and in artificial intelligence systems has been pointed out. It has been shown that in Polish all punctuation marks that end sentences have also other functions in sentences. In this context various approaches to sentence boundary disambiguation have been presented. Taking features of Polish into consideration, text tokenization has been analysed. The direction of empirical research on Polish texts segmentation based on the analysis contained in this paper has been drawn. Also the list of Polish abbreviations that have the same spelling as some common words has been presented.
Admission control for independently-authored realtime applications
Authors: Robert Kroeger
Venue:  (2005)

This thesis presents the LiquiMedia operating system architecture. LiquiMedia is specialized to schedule multimedia applications. Because they generate output for a human observer; multimedia applications such as video games, video conferencing and video players have both unique scheduling requirements and unique allowances: a multimedia stream must synchronize sub-streams generated for different sensory modalities within 20 milliseconds, it is not successfully segregated until it has existed for over 200 milliseconds and tolerates occasional scheduling failures. LiquiMedia is specialized around these requirements and allowances. First, LiquiMedia synchronizes multimedia tasks by invoking them from a shared realtime timer interrupt. Second, owing to multimedia's tolerance of scheduling failures, LiquiMedia schedules tasks based on a probabilistic model of their running times. Third, LiquiMedia can infer per-task models while a user is segregating the streams that the tasks generate. These specializations provide novel capabilities: up to 2.5 times higher utilization than RMS scheduling, use of an atomic task primitive 9.5 times more efficient than preemptive threading, and most importantly, the ability to schedule arbitrary tasks to a known probability of realtime execution without a priori knowledge of their running times.
Zero Copy Sockets Direct Protocol over InfiniBand — Preliminary Implementation and Performance Analysis
Authors: Dror Goldenberg, Michael Kagan, Ran Ravid, Michael S. Tsirkin
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th Symposium on High Performance Interconnects (2005)

Sockets Direct Protocol (SDP) is a byte-stream transport protocol implementing the TCP SOCK_STREAM semantics utilizing transport offloading capabilities of the InfiniBand fabric. Under the hood, SDP supports Zero-Copy (ZCopy) operation mode, using the InfiniBand RDMA capability to transfer data directly between application buffers. Alternatively, in Buffer Copy (BCopy) mode, data is copied to and from transport buffers. In the initial open-source SDP implementation, ZCopy mode was restricted to Asynchronous I/O operations. We added a prototype ZCopy support for send()/recv() synchronous socket calls. This paper presents the major architectural aspects of the SDP protocol, the ZCopy implementation, and a preliminary performance evaluation. We show substantial benefits of ZCopy when multiple connections are running in parallel on the same host. For example, when 8 connections are simultaneously active, enabling ZCopy yields a bandwidth growth from 500MB/s to 700MB/s, while CPU utilization decreases 8 times.
Tall building form generation by parametric design process
Authors: David C. Sharpe
Venue:  (2005)

Historically, the development of the tall building has been dependent on technological advancements. As the continuous advancements of technology impacted tall building design and planning, the architectural profession also changed to keep up with the rapid technological progress. One of the recent remarkable technologies is the use of the computer to analyze complex structural systems and its ability to produce construction documents. However, digital tools to assist in architectural design to generate innovative tall building forms have not progressed at a comparable rate. This research will discuss the generative concepts of a tall building forms and an innovative design process using digital tools that are based on a parametric design approach. The research will discuss a series of transformations based on architectural as well as geometrical properties that can be used to define tall building forms and the development of a process to generate representations needed for visualization and study model making. The intention of the research is to inspire continued interest in new concepts of tall building forms and to investigate a design process that integrates architecture with digital methods. The suggested forms and design process of creative and innovative tall building will be of great interest in the tall building design field. This research will contribute to the Form Development of Tall Buildings.