ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Paintbrush rendering of lines using HMMs
Authors: Yuta Okabe, Suguru Saito, Masayuki Nakajima
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques in Australasia and South East Asia (2005)

We propose a new method that emulates the expressive appearance of paintbrush strokes on paper. In our system, brush footprint characteristics are modeled using Hidden Markov Models (HMMs). Once the model is trained by a data set of given strokes, it estimates the most likely sequence of footprints for a given input line. The main difference between our method and other ones that use direct texture mapping lies in the estimation of the dynamic behavior of the footprints with respect to input lines. Since our method models simultaneously the physical characteristics of the brush and the drawing styles, it transforms input lines to aesthetic strokes which are really close to true ones, made with a real brush on a paper.
Additional APL generators: geometric, PORDER and WEIBULL
Authors: David G. Halmstad
Venue: ACM SIGSIM Simulation Digest (1973)

The following are some additional generator routines to supplement those published by Robert E. Wheeler. The first is the (usual?) straightforward routine for the geometric distribution. The second is for the generation of the highest (or lowest) variates in ordered samples (from the uniform distribution). When one has the inverse of the distribution function being used, this routine is rather useful. A self-explanatory demonstration of the use of the PORDER generator is shown in conjunction with the use of WEIBULL distribution generator.
A quarterly SIGSIM publication
Authors: Harold Joseph Highland
Venue: ACM SIGSIM Simulation Digest (1973)

A complete set of the four issues of VOLUME THREE of SIGSIM Simuletter, bound as a single copy, is now available. These spiral-bound volumes are available at the price of $7.00 a copy for SIGSIM members and $10.00 a copy to others, if and only if the order is accompanied by a check or money order. Any orders received without money will be charged $2.00 extra for hnadling charges. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
A 6-DOF user interface for grasping in VR-based computer aided styling and design
Authors: Frank-Lothar Krause, Johann Habakuk Israel, Jens Neumann, Boris Beckmann-Dobrev
Venue: Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology (2005)

We describe a 6-DoF (degrees of freedom) force-feedback enabled user interface that supports grasp interaction in mixed or virtual reality environments. The graspable part of the device is interchangeable. It can hold physical grips, tubes, work pieces and tools which provide passive haptic feedback, up to tangible user interfaces. The device is prepared to be integrated into holobench environments for unifying input and output space so that users can apply their sensorimotor skills for efficient interaction and task solving. Current applications are in the field of VR-based Computer Aided Styling and Design.
Forecasting model with asymmetric market response and its application to pricing of consumer package goods: Research Articles
Authors: Nobuhiko Terui, Yuuki Imano
Venue: Applied Stochastic Models in Business and Industry (2005)

This paper presents a dynamic forecasting model that accommodates asymmetric market responses to marketing mix variable&mdash;price promotion&mdash;by threshold models. As a threshold variable to generate a mechanism for different market responses, we use the counterpart to the concept of a price threshold applied to a representative consumer in a store. A Bayesian approach is taken for statistical modelling because of advantages that it offers over estimation and forecasting. The proposed model incorporates the lagged effects of a price variable. Thereby, myriad pricing strategies can be implemented in the time horizon. Their effectiveness can be evaluated using the predictive density. We intend to improve the forecasting performance over conventional linear time series models. Furthermore, we discuss efficient dynamic pricing in a store using strategic simulations under some scenarios suggested by an estimated structure of the models. Empirical studies illustrate the superior forecasting performance of our model against conventional linear models in terms of the root mean square error of the forecasts. Useful information for dynamic pricing is derived from its structural parameter estimates. This paper develops a dynamic forecasting model that accommodates asymmetric market responses to marketing mix variable&mdash;price promotion&mdash;by the threshold models. Copyright &copy; 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison of Transmission Schemes for Framed ALOHA based RFID Protocols
Authors: Christian Floerkemeier, Matthias Wille
Venue: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Applications on Internet Workshops (2006)

The performance of RFID anti-collision protocols that are based on framed ALOHA depends on a transmission scheme that controls access to the shared channel. In this paper, we outline the characteristics of the RFID domain that impact the performance of such transmission schemes and compare four different transmission strategies. A novel technique introduced in this paper that recursively estimates the backlog on a slot-by-slot basis exhibits a superior performance in our simulations. The results also illustrate that our implementation of the Q algorithm proposed in [2] only performs well, if the frame size changes are restricted to incremental updates.
Discovering Coherent Biclusters from Gene Expression Data Using Zero-Suppressed Binary Decision Diagrams
Authors: Sungroh Yoon, Christine Nardini, Luca Benini, Giovanni De Micheli
Venue: IEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics (TCBB) (2005)

The biclustering method can be a very useful analysis tool when some genes have multiple functions and experimental conditions are diverse in gene expression measurement. This is because the biclustering approach, in contrast to the conventional clustering techniques, focuses on finding a subset of the genes and a subset of the experimental conditions that together exhibit coherent behavior. However, the biclustering problem is inherently intractable, and it is often computationally costly to find biclusters with high levels of coherence. In this work, we propose a novel biclustering algorithm that exploits the zero-suppressed binary decision diagrams (ZBDDs) data structure to cope with the computational challenges. Our method can find all biclusters that satisfy specific input conditions, and it is scalable to practical gene expression data. We also present experimental results confirming the effectiveness of our approach.
Searching Genomes for Noncoding RNA Using FastR
Authors: Shaojie Zhang, Brian Haas, Eleazar Eskin, Vineet Bafna
Venue: IEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics (TCBB) (2005)

The discovery of novel noncoding RNAs has been among the most exciting recent developments in biology. It has been hypothesized that there is, in fact, an abundance of functional noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) with various catalytic and regulatory functions. However, the inherent signal for ncRNA is weaker than the signal for protein coding genes, making these harder to identify. We consider the following problem: Given an RNA sequence with a known secondary structure, efficiently detect all structural homologs in a genomic database by computing the sequence and structure similarity to the query. Our approach, based on structural filters that eliminate a large portion of the database while retaining the true homologs, allows us to search a typical bacterial genome in minutes on a standard PC. The results are two orders of magnitude better than the currently available software for the problem. We applied FastR to the discovery of novel riboswitches, which are a class of RNA domains found in the untranslated regions. They are of interest because they regulate metabolite synthesis by directly binding metabolites. We searched all available eubacterial and archaeal genomes for riboswitches from purine, lysine, thiamin, and riboflavin subfamilies. Our results point to a number of novel candidates for each of these subfamilies and include genomes that were not known to contain riboswitches.
Chinese Word Segmentation and Named Entity Recognition: A Pragmatic Approach
Authors: Jianfeng Gao, Mu Li, Andi Wu, Chang-Ning Huang
Venue: Computational Linguistics (2005)

This article presents a pragmatic approach to Chinese word segmentation. It differs from most previous approaches mainly in three respects. First, while theoretical linguists have defined Chinese words using various linguistic criteria, Chinese words in this study are defined pragmatically as segmentation units whose definition depends on how they are used and processed in realistic computer applications. Second, we propose a pragmatic mathematical framework in which segmenting known words and detecting unknown words of different types (i.e., morphologically derived words, factoids, named entities, and other unlisted words) can be performed simultaneously in a unified way. These tasks are usually conducted separately in other systems. Finally, we do not assume the existence of a universal word segmentation standard that is application-independent. Instead, we argue for the necessity of multiple segmentation standards due to the pragmatic fact that different natural language processing applications might require different granularities of Chinese words.These pragmatic approaches have been implemented in an adaptive Chinese word segmenter, called MSRSeg, which will be described in detail. It consists of two components: (1) a generic segmenter that is based on the framework of linear mixture models and provides a unified approach to the five fundamental features of word-level Chinese language processing: lexicon word processing, morphological analysis, factoid detection, named entity recognition, and new word identification; and (2) a set of output adaptors for adapting the output of (1) to different application-specific standards. Evaluation on five test sets with different standards shows that the adaptive system achieves state-of-the-art performance on all the test sets.
Comparison of electric properties of ultra-thin thermal and plasma nitrided silicon oxides with different post-deposition treatments using C-AFM
Authors: W. Polspoel, W. Vandervorst, J. Pétry, T. Conard, A. Benedetti
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2005)

The electrical quality of ultra-thin (∼1nm) Plasma and Thermal nitrided silicon oxide layers was investigated with Conductive AFM and a macroscopic I-V measurement setup. PN layers were found to be superior to TN layers. A longer nitridation time resulted in a better quality of the layer. Annealing in N2 was not beneficial and re-oxidation resulted in a lower leakage due to a significant increase in the physical thickness. A trap-assisted kind of tunneling was observed in these layers. The exact role of nitrogen herein is not yet well understood.
Learning Subjective Language
Authors: Janyce Wiebe, Theresa Wilson, Rebecca Bruce, Matthew Bell, Melanie Martin
Venue: Computational Linguistics (2004)

Subjectivity in natural language refers to aspects of language used to express opinions, evaluations, and speculations. There are numerous natural language processing applications for which subjectivity analysis is relevant, including information extraction and text categorization. The goal of this work is learning subjective language from corpora. Clues of subjectivity are generated and tested, including low-frequency words, collocations, and adjectives and verbs identified using distributional similarity. The features are also examined working together in concert. The features, generated from different data sets using different procedures, exhibit consistency in performance in that they all do better and worse on the same data sets. In addition, this article shows that the density of subjectivity clues in the surrounding context strongly affects how likely it is that a word is subjective, and it provides the results of an annotation study assessing the subjectivity of sentences with high-density features. Finally, the clues are used to perform opinion piece recognition (a type of text categorization and genre detection) to demonstrate the utility of the knowledge acquired in this article.
Aligning information security investments with a firm's risk tolerance
Authors: Gus Rodewald
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd annual conference on Information security curriculum development (2005)

Technology continually places greater demands on a firm to maintain, process, and communicate information. The security of this information, with respect to confidentiality, integrity, and availability, is important to the firm. More often then not the department charged with the securing of the information has different strategic goals then the firm. Because the way success of information security investments is measured compared to the way investments that the rest of the firm makes is different, it is difficult for a firm to decide how much to invest in information security. This paper proposes a way to measure information security investments potential by calculating how the investment affects the firm's level or risk averseness. This gives management a better idea of how information security investments will affect the bottom line the by trying to determine the ROI of such an investment. This paper concludes with a discussion on the limitations of this risk tolerance model.
Virtual Topology Reconfiguration for Node Failures in Wavelength Routed Optical Networks
Authors: N. Sreenath, Prakash Ramaswamy
Venue: Proceedings of the Joint International Conference on Autonomic and Autonomous Systems and International Conference on Networking and Services (2005)

In Wavelength RoutedWavelength Division Multiplexing (WR-WDM) networks, a set of lightpaths (all-optical communication paths) defines the virtual topology. In the event of a node failure, the virtual topology may be partitioned so that a set of nodes may not able to communicate with another set of nodes. In such a case, the restoration of disturbed lightpaths may be indispensable. Hence, it may be necessary to alter the existing virtual topology. Altering of a virtual topology is called as virtual topology reconfiguration. In this paper, we propose a methodology for recon- figuration of virtual topology in the event of a node failure. The proposed virtual topology reconfigurationmethodology strikes a balance between the objective function value and number of changes committed to the virtual topology and assures all-to-all communication path (either using single hop or multi-hop path) in the virtual topology. The objective function value decides how best the topology is suited for the given traffic demand. The number of changes decides the extent of traffic disruption in the network while performing changes in the existing virtual topology.
Optimizing the spatial configuration of a seven-talker speech display
Authors: Douglas S. Brungart, Brian D. Simpson
Venue: ACM Transactions on Applied Perception (TAP) (2005)

Although there is substantial evidence that performance in multitalker listening tasks can be improved by spatially separating the apparent locations of the competing talkers, very little effort has been made to determine the best locations and presentation levels for the talkers in a multichannel speech display. In this experiment, a call sign based color and number identification task was used to evaluate the effectiveness of three different spatial configurations and two different level normalization schemes in a seven-channel binaural speech display. When only two spatially adjacent channels of the seven-channel system were active, overall performance was substantially better with a geometrically spaced spatial configuration (with far-field talkers at &minus;90&deg;, &minus;30&deg;, &minus;10&deg;, 0&deg;, &plus;10&deg;, &plus;30&deg;, and &plus;90&deg; azimuth) or a hybrid near-far configuration (with far-field talkers at &minus;90&deg;, &minus;30&deg;, 0&deg;, &plus;30&deg;, and &plus;90&deg; azimuth and near-field talkers at &plusmn;90&deg;) than with a more conventional linearly spaced configuration (with far-field talkers at &minus;90&deg;, &minus;60&deg;, &minus;30&deg;, 0&deg;, &plus;30&deg;, &plus;60&deg;, and &plus;90&deg; azimuth). When all seven channels were active, performance was generally better with a &ldquo;better-ear&rdquo; normalization scheme that equalized the levels of the talkers in the more intense ear than with a default normalization scheme that equalized the levels of the talkers at the center of the head. The best overall performance in the seven-talker task occurred when the hybrid near-far spatial configuration was combined with the better-ear normalization scheme. This combination resulted in a 20&percnt; increase in the number of correct identifications relative to the baseline condition with linearly spaced talker locations and no level normalization. Although this is a relatively modest improvement, it should be noted that it could be achieved at little or no cost simply by reconfiguring the HRTFs used in a multitalker speech display.
Groups Partitioning Over CORBA for Cooperative Work
Authors: E. Garcia, H. Guyennet, J.-C. Lapayre
Venue: Cluster Computing (2006)

Many examples illustrate the usefulness of group partitioning in distributed systems. The process group abstraction is a powerful tool for the development of fault-tolerant distributed applications. This solution is also particularly relevant to group entities sharing similar properties or stakes when applied to the field of cooperative work. When dealing with distributed applications, communication standards have evolved from socket-based interfaces to Remote Procedure Calls and nowadays, towards distributed object platforms like CORBA. This standard from the Object Management Group masks distribution and heterogeneity and provides a good basis for distributed application development. This paper presents a review of group mechanisms found in the literature then focuses on the implementation of groups over CORBA. An implementation of such a service over CORBA illustrates the impact of group auto-organization. Performance we obtain show that our service is efficient and provides good mechanisms to manage operations in a group.
Evaluation of a User-Assisted Archive Construction System for Online Natural History Archives
Authors: J. He, A. C. Downton
Venue: Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (2005)

The creation of structured digital libraries from paperbased archives is an area of growing demand in many scientific and cultural fields, and is not satisfied either by off-the-shelf OCR or commercial form-processing systems. This paper describes and evaluates a configurable archive construction system, which integrates document image pre-processing and analysis with text post-processing tools and a standard OCR package. The prototype system is currently being used in conjunction with the UK Natural History Museum to help convert more than 500,000 cards of Lepidoptera and Coleoptera to a searchable digital archive. Evaluation results are summarised for two datasets comprising over 5,000 cards selected from different parts of this database, and indicate that overall end-to-end word recognition rates of 70-90% are readily achievable for key data fields, subject to availability of suitable electronic dictionaries.
Novel View Generation from Multiple Omni-Directional Videos
Authors: Tomoya Ishikawa, Kazumasa Yamazawa, Naokazu Yokoya
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (2005)

Recently, generation of novel views from images acquired by multiple cameras has been investigated in the fields of virtual and mixed reality. Most conventional methods need some assumptions about the scene such as a static scene and limited positions of objects. In this paper, we propose a new method for generating novel view images of a dynamic scene with a wide view, which does not depend on the scene. The images acquired from omni-directional cameras are first divided into static regions and dynamic regions. The novel view images are then generated by applying a morphing technique to static regions and by computing visual hulls for dynamic regions in real-time. In experiments, we show that a prototype system can generate novel view images in real-time from live video streams.
Context-Based Network and Application Management on Seamless Networking Platform
Authors: Masugi Inoue, Khaled Mahmud, Homare Murakami, Mikio Hasegawa, Hiroyuki Morikawa
Venue: Wireless Personal Communications: An International Journal (2005)

A context-based adaptive communication system is introduced for use in heterogeneous networks. Context includes the user's presence, location, available network interfaces, network availability, network priority, communication status, terminal features, and installed applications. An experimental system was developed to clarify the feasibility of using context information to flexibly control networks and applications. The system operates on a seamless networking platform we developed for heterogeneous networks. By using contexts, the system can inform the caller and callee of applications they can access, which are available through the network before communication occurs. Changes in contexts can switch an on-going application to another during actual communication. These functions provide unprecedented styles of communication. A business scenario for a seamless networking provider is also presented.
Fusion of multiple fingerprint matchers by single-layer perceptron with class-separation loss function
Authors: Gian Luca Marcialis, Fabio Roli
Venue: Pattern Recognition Letters (2005)

In this paper, a perceptron-based algorithm for fusion of multiple fingerprint matchers is presented. The person to be identified submits to the personal authentication system her/his fingerprint and claimed identity. Multiple fingerprint matchers provide a set of verification scores, that are then fused by a single-layer perceptron with class-separation loss function. Weights of such perceptron are explicitly optimised to increase the separation between genuine users and impostors (i.e., unauthorized users). Reported experiments show that such modified perceptron allows improving the performances and the robustness of the best individual fingerprint matcher, and outperforming some commonly used fusion rules.
Distributed Code Generation Using Object Level Analysis
Authors: Tay Teng Tiow, Chu Yingyi, Sun Yang
Venue: Proceedings of the The Fifth International Conference on Computer and Information Technology (2005)

A major issue for distributed computing systems is partitioning of the application and generating distributed code that can run correctly and efficiently on network machines. This paper introduced a new distributed code generation method using object level analysis, which is a key function of our Java Distributed code Generating and Computing platform (JDGC). Through a novel two-level object level analysis, the communication affinity metrics between runtime objects are extracted. These object-to-object affinity metrics are then used to automatically ports standard concurrent program for single machine to the form that runs on a distributed system. The contributions of this proposal are twofold. The object level analysis technique while motivated from our integrated system for object distribution, is nevertheless a general approach for extracting object-to-object communication affinity metrics and can be used in other contexts. The distributed code generation method releases the developers from any special programming considerations for distributed environment.