ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Enriching Statistical Translation Models Using a Domain-Independent Multilingual Lexical Knowledge Base
Authors: Miguel García, Jesús Giménez, Lluís Màrquez
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computational Linguistics and Intelligent Text Processing (2009)

This paper presents a method for improving phrase-based Statistical Machine Translation systems by enriching the original translation model with information derived from a multilingual lexical knowledge base. The method proposed exploits the Multilingual Central Repository (a group of linked WordNets from different languages), as a domain-independent knowledge database, to provide translation models with new possible translations for a large set of lexical tokens. Translation probabilities for these tokens are estimated using a set of simple heuristics based on WordNet topology and local context. During decoding, these probabilities are softly integrated so they can interact with other statistical models. We have applied this type of domain-independent translation modeling to several translation tasks obtaining a moderate but significant improvement in translation quality consistently according to a number of standard automatic evaluation metrics. This improvement is especially remarkable when we move to a very different domain, such as the translation of Biblical texts.
The structure and essential characteristics of information-literate knowledge workers in information systems
Authors: Sufen Wang, Junkang Feng, Ping Cang
Venue: WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on SYSTEMS (2008)

There appear many inconsistent and often conflicting views and terms for information, data and meaning in the field of information systems. This confusion might be a result of the lack of adequate understanding of meaning. We argue that meaning is created through interpretation by a subject (a human agent). We outline a conceptual framework for looking at information flow, which consists of an information source, information bears (carriers), and information receivers. This constitutes a backdrop of our main investigation on how what a piece of information means to a person takes place. We draw on Heidegger's work on the notion of 'being' to investigate the structure and essential characteristics of information-literate knowledge worker in the realization of possible impact of information whereby to understand the essence of inter-subjective and subjective meaning. We observe that meaning is the link between information and data. To be able to drawing meaning from information embodies the ability of an interpreter in understanding or interpret information, viz. her/his horizon of interpret. What is revealed here would seem highly desirable for both theoretic research and practice.
Multiway kernel independent component analysis based on feature samples for batch process monitoring
Authors: Xuemin Tian, Xiaoling Zhang, Xiaogang Deng, Sheng Chen
Venue: Neurocomputing (2009)

Most batch processes generally exhibit the characteristics of nonlinear variation. In this paper, a nonlinear monitoring technique is proposed using a multiway kernel independent component analysis based on feature samples (FS-MKICA). This approach first unfolds the three-way dataset of a batch process into the two-way one and then chooses representative feature samples from the large two-way input training dataset. The nonlinear feature space abstracted from the unfolded two-way data space is then transformed into a high-dimensional linear space via kernel function and an independent component analysis (ICA) model is established in the mapped linear space. The proposed FS-MKICA method can significantly reduce the computational cost in extracting the kernel ICA model since it is based on the small subset of feature samples rather than on the entire input sample set. We supply two statistics, the I^2 statistic of process variation and the squared prediction error statistic of residual, for on-line monitoring of batch processes. The proposed method is applied to detecting faults in the fed-batch penicillin fermentation process. The standard linear ICA method for batch process monitoring, known as the multiway independent component analysis (MICA), is also applied to the same benchmark batch process. The simulation results obtained in this nonlinear batch process application clearly demonstrate the power and superiority of the new nonlinear monitoring method over the linear one. The FS-MKICA approach can extract the nonlinear features of the batch process while the MICA method cannot.
Semantics transformation of NFA to Z notation by constructing union of regular languages
Authors: Nazir Ahmad Zafar, Nabeel Sabir, Amir Ali
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th conference on Applied computer scince (2008)

Automata theory plays a vital role in modeling behavior while Z notation is an ideal specification language for describing state space of a system. Consequently, integration of automata and Z will be a useful tool for increasing modeling power of complex systems. Further, nondeterministic finite automata (NFA) may have different implementations and therefore it is needed to verify the transformation from diagrams to code. If we describe formal specification of an NFA before implementing then confidence over transformation can be increased. In this paper, we have combined NFA with Z and a linkage is established between these approaches. At this level of integration, we have given a formal procedure to transform NFA to Z. A string accepter is designed and then extended to the language accepter. Finally, NFA accepting union of two regular languages is constructed by describing formal specification of their relationships. The specification is analyzed and validated using Z/EVES tool.
Measuring the optical properties of a trapped ZnO tetrapod
Authors: R. Sharma, J. P. Mondia, J. Schäfer, W. Smith, S. -H. Li, Y. -P. Zhao, Z. H. Lu, L. J. Wang
Venue: Microelectronics Journal (2009)

We report the onset of lasing from an electrodynamically trapped ZnO tetrapod. Each of the four legs of such an isolated tetrapod behaves as a single nanowire, where light is guided along the length of the wire and the necessary resonant feedback for lasing is provided at the two end facets. A diluted solution of ZnO tetrapods in methanol was sprayed in the form of a charged mist into a chamber containing the electrodynamic endcap trap. The quick evaporation of methanol assisted in trapping a single charged ZnO tetrapod. The trapped tetrapod is optically pumped with pulses from a Q-switched laser at a wavelength of 355nm and emits light at 390nm. For increasing pump fluences above 15mJ/cm2, a superlinear increase in intensity and a narrowing in the spectral width of the photoluminescence were observed, indicating lasing.
Classification of co-expressed genes from DNA regulatory regions
Authors: Giulio Pavesi, Giorgio Valentini
Venue: Information Fusion (2009)

The analysis of non-coding DNA regulatory regions is one of the most challenging open problems in computational biology. In this paper we investigate whether we can predict functional information about genes by using information extracted from their sequences together with expression data. We formalize this problem as a classification problem, and we apply Support Vector Machines (SVMs) with non-linear kernels to predict classes of co-expressed genes obtained from clustering procedures. SVMs are trained using information about selected motifs extracted from DNA regulatory regions through combinatorial and statistical methods. In our experiments, we show that functional classes of genes can be predicted from biological sequence data in Saccharomices cerevisiae, achieving results competitive with those recently presented in the literature.
Finding lists of people on the web
Authors: Latanya Sweeney
Venue: ACM SIGCAS Computers and Society (2004)

Among the vast amounts of personal information published on the World Wide Web ("Web") and indexed by search engines are lists of names of people. Examples include employees at companies, students enrolled in universities, officers in the military, law enforcement personnel, members of social organizations, and lists of acquaintances. Knowing who works where, attends what, or affiliates with whom provides strategic knowledge to competitors, marketers, and government surveillance efforts. However, finding online rosters of people does not lend itself to keyword lookup on search engines because the keywords tend to be common expressions such as "employees" or "students." A typical search often retrieves hundreds of Web pages requiring many hours of human inspection to locate a page containing a list of names. As a result, people may falsely believe online rosters provide more privacy than they do. This paper presents RosterFinder, a simple algorithm for locating Web pages that consist predominately of a list of names. The specific names are not known beforehand. RosterFinder works by identifying rosters from candidate Web pages based on the ratio of distinct known names to distinct words appearing in the page. Accurate classification by RosterFinder depends on the set of names used. Results are reported on real Web pages using: (1) dictionary lookup employing a limited set of known names; and, (2) dictionary lookup on utilizing an extensive set of known names. Privacy implications are discussed using the example of FERPA and online student rosters.
Parallelism of iterative CT reconstruction based on local reconstruction algorithm
Authors: Junjun Deng, Hengyong Yu, Jun Ni, Lihe Wang, Ge Wang
Venue: The Journal of Supercomputing (2009)

An iterative algorithm is suited to reconstruct CT images from noisy or truncated projection data. However, as a disadvantage, the algorithm requires significant computational time. Although a parallel technique can be used to reduce the computational time, a large amount of communication overhead becomes an obstacle to its performance (Li et al. in J. X-Ray Sci. Technol. 13:1---10, 2005). To overcome this problem, we proposed an innovative parallel method based on the local iterative CT reconstruction algorithm (Wang et al. in Scanning 18:582---588, 1996 and IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging 15(5):657---664, 1996). The object to be reconstructed is partitioned into a number of subregions and assigned to different processing elements (PEs). Within each PE, local iterative reconstruction is performed to recover the subregion. Several numerical experiments were conducted on a high performance computing cluster. And the FORBILD head phantom (Lauritsch and Bruder http://www.imp.uni-erlangen.de/phantoms/head/head.html ) was used as benchmark to measure the parallel performance. The experimental results showed that the proposed parallel algorithm significantly reduces the reconstruction time, hence achieving a high speedup and efficiency.
Answer Set Programming without Unstratified Negation
Authors: Ilkka Niemelä
Venue: Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Logic Programming (2008)

The paper argues that for answer set programming purposes it is not necessary to use unstratified negation but it is more appropriate to employ a basic language based on simple choice constructs, integrity constraints, and stratified negation. This offers a framework that enables natural problem encodings and smooth extensions, for instance, with constraints and aggregates.
An application of fuzzy Delphi and fuzzy AHP for multi-criteria evaluation on bicycle industry supply chains
Authors: Jao-Hong Cheng, Chih-Huei Tang
Venue: WSEAS Transactions on Systems and Control (2009)

Under global saving energy and carbon wave and increasing incomes, the bicycle not only is a traditional transportation but also has become a tour and sport tool. Concerning the bicycle industry, the prior researches worked on analyzing bicycle tire suppliers and focused on the business strategy and cost analysis. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify critical factors related to the bicycle supplier selection. Primary criteria to evaluate supplier selection is obtained by the literatures survey and applying fuzzy Delphi method (FDM), and then fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) is employed to calculate the weights of these criteria, so as to build the fuzzy multi-criteria model of bicycle supplier selection. The results indicate a greatest weight on the dimension of bicycle supplier selection, and four critical evaluation criteria related to bicycle supplier selection are delivery time, service quality, optimum price, and product quality.
The laboratory automation system in the electrical communication laboratories of NTT
Authors: Nobuyoshi Terashima
Venue: Proceedings of the May 16-19, 1983, national computer conference (1983)

Nippon Telegraph & Telephone (NTT) has developed a laboratory automation system to improve the efficiency of research activities in the Electrical Communication Laboratories. NTT has four laboratories at locations distant from each other. However, the research activities each laboratory undertakes are related with what the others are doing. To improve the interchange of information among laboratories, electronic mail, videoconference, and video lecture services have been introduced in the system. It is possible to make inquiries concerning job-processing status and reservations for video conference rooms by telephoning the computer center directly, without going through a human intermediary. Researchers can retrieve information on the newest research results in common with other researchers at any other location. Taking into account the increase in large-scale computing jobs, such as traffic simulation, structural analysis and circuit analysis, newly developed DIPS computers and CAD facilities, such as circuit analysis, have been installed in the system. This paper presents a description of the system's configuration and its characteristics as well as a service outline.
Evaluating inter-entry retrieval expressions in a relational data base management system
Authors: James B. Rothnie,  Jr.
Venue: Proceedings of the May 19-22, 1975, national computer conference and exposition (1975)

Among the most important current concepts in data base technology is the relational model of data base management. The theory was introduced by Codd in 1970 and has since been expanded in a large number of articles by Codd, and other authors, for example. The relational concept models the user view of a data base. As a user view it offers many applications significant advantages over more traditional approaches such as that proposed by the CODASYL Data Base Task Group. Unfortunately some of the desirable properties of the relational model, and in particular the very important attribute called data independence, make the concept difficult to implement efficiently. This paper will describe an approach to solving one of the key implementation problems. The concepts discussed here have been embodied in an experimental system called DAMAS developed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. A complete discussion of DAMAS can be found in Reference 12.
StreamRay: a stream filtering architecture for coherent ray tracing
Authors: Karthik Ramani, Christiaan P. Gribble, Al Davis
Venue: Proceeding of the 14th international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems (2009)

The wide availability of commodity graphics processors has made real-time graphics an intrinsic component of the human/computer interface. These graphics cores accelerate the z-buffer algorithm and provide a highly interactive experience at a relatively low cost. However, many applications in entertainment, science, and industry require high quality lighting effects such as accurate shadows, reflection, and refraction. These effects can be difficult to achieve with z-buffer algorithms but are straightforward to implement using ray tracing. Although ray tracing is computationally more complex, the algorithm exhibits excellent scaling and parallelism properties. Nevertheless, ray tracing memory access patterns are difficult to predict and the parallelism speedup promise is therefore hard to achieve. This paper highlights a novel approach to ray tracing based on stream filtering and presents StreamRay, a multicore wide SIMD microarchitecture that delivers interactive frame rates of 15-32 frames/second for scenes of high geometric complexity and exhibits high utilization for SIMD widths ranging from eight to 16 elements. StreamRay consists of two main components: the ray engine, which is responsible for stream assembly and employs address generation units that generate addresses to form large SIMD vectors, and the filter engine, which implements the ray tracing operations with programmable accelerators. Results demonstrate that separating address and data processing reduces data movement and resource contention. Performance improves by 56% while simultaneously providing 11.63% power savings per accelerator core compared to a design which does not use separate resources for address and data computations.
Data Management Concerns in a Pervasive Grid
Authors: Jean-Marc Pierson
Venue: High Performance Computing for Computational Science - VECPAR 2008: 8th International Conference, Toulouse, France, June 24-27, 2008. Revised Selected Papers (2008)

In this article, we give our vision of a Pervasive Grid: A grid dealing with light, mobile and uncertain devices, using context-awareness for delivering the right information using the right infrastructure to final users. We focus on the data side of the problem, since it encompasses a number of problems related to such an environment, from data access, query optimization, data placement, to security, adaptation,...
Intelligent terminals: rationale and implications
Authors: L. C. Hobbs, L. C. Hobbs, Marcian E. Hoff,  Jr., T. B. Steel,  Jr., Charles R. Fisher C. W. Rosenthal
Venue: Proceedings of the May 6-10, 1974, national computer conference and exposition (1974)

Continuing reductions in cost of LSI logic and memories is making it increasingly attractive from an economic standpoint to include processing and computing capability in terminals. At the same time, communications costs are remaining constant or decreasing at a much lesser rate. Therefore, maintaining a properly balanced telecommunication system requires distributing, processing, and computing functions to the terminals in many cases. A number of manufacturers are now offering smart or intelligent terminals which include varying degrees of processing and computing capability which can be used to handle part of the users processing and computation tasks and to reduce the load on the communications lines and the central processor. On the other hand the economy of scale still favors centralized mass storage and certain types of applications require a central data base to permit multiple users to access and update the same large files.
Additive Block Coding Schemes for Biometric Authentication with the DNA Data
Authors: Vladimir B. Balakirsky, Anahit R. Ghazaryan, A. J. Vinck
Venue: Biometrics and Identity Management: First European Workshop, BIOID 2008, Roskilde, Denmark, May 7-9, 2008. Revised Selected Papers (2008)

To implement a biometric authentication scheme, the templates of a group of people are stored in the database (DB) under the names of these people. Some person presents a name, and the scheme compares the template of this person and the template associated with the claimed person to accept or reject their identity [1]. The templates of people stored in the DB should be protected against attacks for discovery the biometrics and attacks for successful passing through the verification test. The authentication algorithm developed by Juels and Wattenberg [2] is a possible solution to the problem. However, implementations of this algorithm for practical data require generalized versions of the algorithm and their analysis. We introduce a mathematical model for DNA measurements and present such a generalization. Some numerical results illustrate the correction of errors for the DNA measurements of a legitimate user and protection of templates against attacks for successful passing the verification stage by an attacker.
Extractive Support Vector Algorithm on Support Vector Machines for Image Restoration
Authors: Chih-Chia Yao, Pao-Ta Yu, Ruo-Wei Hung
Venue: Fundamenta Informaticae (2009)

The major problem of SVMs is the dependence of the nonlinear separating surface on the entire dataset which creates unwieldy storage problems. This paper proposes a novel design algorithm, called the extractive support vector algorithm, which provides improved learning speed and a vastly improved performance. Instead of learning and training with all input patterns, the proposed algorithm selects support vectors from the input patterns and uses these support vectors as the training patterns. Experimental results reveal that our proposed algorithmprovides near optimal solutions and outperforms the existing design algorithms. In addition, a significant framework which is based on extractive support vector algorithm is proposed for image restoration. In the framework, input patterns are classified by three filters: weighted order statistics filter, alpha-trimmed mean filter and identity filter. Our proposed filter can achieve three objectives: noise attenuation, chromaticity retention, and preservation of edges and details. Extensive simulation results illustrate that our proposed filter not only achieves these three objectives but also possesses robust and adaptive capabilities, and outperforms other proposed filtering techniques.
Prediction Model of Water Resources in Mine Area Based on Phase Space Reconstruction and Chaos Neural Network
Authors: Keping Zhou, Ge Gao, Feng Gao, Wenxiang Gao
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Advances in Computation and Intelligence (2008)

In the process of social economic development, water resource is increasingly scarce because of unreasonable exploitation of groundwater resources. It has seriously hampered the economic and social development speed in mine area, and even caused a series of negative effects of serious environmental and ecological problems. In this paper, chaos theory is used to study the water resource system in mine area. By analyzing the phenomena of chaotic characteristics in water resource system, regional mine water resources safety model was constructed based on the phase space reconstruction coupled with the neural network. Through the application of the model to forecast future water resources consumption in Gejiu mine area, the predicted results not only verified the validity of the model, but also found a new approach to study water resources in mine area.