ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Access Control in a Content-based Publish/Subscribe System with Delivery Guarantees
Authors: Yuanyuan Zhao, Daniel C. Sturman
Venue: Proceedings of the 26th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (2006)

Content-based publish/subscribe (pub/sub) is a promising paradigm for building asynchronous distributed applications. In many application scenarios, these systems are required to provide stringent service guarantees such as reliable delivery, high performance, high availability and dynamic system security. In this paper, we address the issue of dynamic access control in a content-based system that provides reliable delivery and high availability through redundant routes. We define a deterministic service model of dynamic access controls that enables precise control over event confidentiality. Under this model, the semantics of reliable delivery is clearly defined, that is, the messages delivered in response to the same subscriptions from pub/sub clients running on behalf of the same principal will be exactly the same, regardless of their connecting locations, network latency and failures. We present an algorithm that implements this service model. The algorithm is efficient and highly available in that it enables uniform enforcement of access control and enables content-based routing to choose any path from among several redundant routes without requiring consensus among the brokers.
Assessing obstacle location accuracy in the REMUS unmanned underwater vehicle
Authors: Timothy E. Allen, Arnold H. Buss, Susan M. Sanchez
Venue: Proceedings of the 36th conference on Winter simulation (2004)

Navy personnel use the REMUS unmanned underwater vehicle to search for submerged objects. Navigation inaccuracies lead to errors in predicting the location of objects and thus increase post-mission search times for explosive ordnance disposal teams. This paper explores components of navigation inaccuracy using discrete event simulation to model the vehicle's navigation system and operational performance. The simulation generates data used, in turn, to build statistical models of the probability of detection, the mean location offset given that detection occurs, and the location error distribution. Together, these three models enable operators to explore the impact of various inputs prior to programming the vehicle, thus allowing them to choose combinations of vehicle parameters that reduce the offset error between the reported and actual locations.
An open framework supporting multimedia web services
Authors: Jia Zhang, Jen-Yao Chung
Venue: Multimedia Tools and Applications (2006)

With the rapid emergence of Web services, more and more Web services are published on the Internet as resources for Web application development. There may exist some relationships among different Web services, such as exact match, plug-in match, and irrelevant. In this paper, we discuss a set of requirements related to multimedia Web services, and propose a three-tier framework to establish an open environment supporting multimedia Web services, while partially implementing the requirements. This paper focuses on the design of the service broker tier that is essential for future Web services-oriented system design and integration and enabling Web services more transparent, interoperable, and fault-tolerate.
Form-From-Motion: MEG Evidence for Time Course and Processing Sequence
Authors: M. A. Schoenfeld, M. Woldorff, E. Düzel, H. Scheich, H.-J. Heinze, G. R. Mangun
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2003)

The neural mechanisms and role of attention in the processing of visual form defined by luminance or motion cues were studied using magnetoencephalography. Subjects viewed bilateral stimuli composed of moving random dots and were instructed to covertly attend to either left or right hemifield stimuli in order to detect designated target stimuli that required a response. To generate form-from-motion (FFMo) stimuli, a subset of the dots could begin to move coherently to create the appearance of a simple form (e.g., square). In other blocks, to generate form-from-luminance (FFLu) stimuli that served as a control, a gray stimulus was presented superimposed on the randomly moving dots. Neuromagnetic responses were observed to both the FFLu and FFMo stimuli and localized to multiple visual cortical stages of analysis. Early activity in low-level visual cortical areas (striate/early extrastriate) did not differ for FFLu versus FFMo stimuli, nor as a function of spatial attention. Longer latency responses elicited by the FFLu stimuli were localized to the ventral-lateral occipital cortex (LO) and the inferior temporal cortex (IT). The FFMo stimuli also generated activity in the LO and IT, but only after first eliciting activity in the lateral occipital cortical region corresponding to MT/V5, resulting in a 50-60 msec delay in activity. All of these late responses (MT/V5, LO, and IT) were significantly modulated by spatial attention, being greatly attenuated for ignored FFLu and FFMo stimuli. These findings argue that processing of form in IT that is defined by motion requires a serial processing of information, first in the motion analysis pathway from V1 to MT/V5 and thereafter via the form analysis stream in the ventral visual pathway to IT.
Dirichlet Aspect Weighting: A Generalized EM Algorithm for Integrating External Data Fields with Semantically Structured Queries by Using Gradient Projection Method
Authors: Atulya Velivelli, Thomas S. Huang
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Data Mining (2006)

In this paper we address the problem of document retrieval with semantically structured queries - queries where each term has a tagged field label. We introduce Dirichlet Aspect Weighting model which integrates terms from external databases into the query language model in a bayesian learning framework. For this model, the dirichlet prior distribution is governed by parameters which depend on the number of fields in the external databases. This model needs additional examples to be augmented to the semantically structured query. These examples are obtained using pseudo relevance feedback. We formulate a loglikelihood function for the Dirichlet Aspect Weighting model and maximize it using a novel Generalized EM algorithm. Comparison of the results of Dirichlet Aspect Weighting model on TREC 2005 Genomics Track dataset with baseline methods using pseudo relevance feedback, while incorporating terms from external databases shows an improvement.
Software Reliability Metrics Selecting Method Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process
Authors: Haifeng Li, Minyan Lu, Qiuying Li
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Quality Software (2006)

It is very important to select and use appropriate software reliability metrics in software reliability engineering. This paper proposes a framework for selecting software reliability metrics based on Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and expert judgment. Selecting criteria and the metrics for selection are identified. In each development phase, the grading of metrics according to every criterion are given by experts qualitatively, and then analyzed synthetically to calculate the weights of metrics using AHP. A preliminary application is practised, and the metrics whose weights are top-ranked are recommended and analyzed. Sensitivity and consistency of this method are also analyzed. Compared with general selecting criteria, the method studied in this paper can be used to select appropriate metrics correctly, stably and systemically. Furthermore, the final selection results are accordant with engineering experience, and using the metrics recommended will make software reliability evaluation more reliable and effective.
On the lowest eigenvalue of the Laplacian with Neumann boundary condition at a small obstacle
Authors: Rainer Hempel
Venue: Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics (2006)

We study the lowest eigenvalue λ1 (ε) of the Laplacian -Δ in a bounded domain Ω ⊂ Rd, d ≥ 2, from which a small compact set Kε ⊂ Bε has been deleted, imposing Dirichlet boundary conditions along ∂ Ω and Neumann boundary conditions on ∂Kε. We are mainly interested in results that require minimal regularity of ∂Kε expressed in terms of a Poincaré condition for the domains Ω\ε-1Kε. We then show that λ1 (ε) converges to Λ1, the first Dirichlet eigenvalue of Ω, as ε → 0. Assuming some more regularity we also obtain asymptotic bounds on λ1(ε) - Λ1, for ε small, where we employ an idea of [Burenkov and Davies, J. Differential Equations 186 (2002) 485-508].
Human-Inspired Robots
Authors: Silvia Coradeschi, Hiroshi Ishiguro, Minoru Asada, Stuart C. Shapiro, Michael Thielscher, Cynthia Breazeal, Maja J. Mataric, Hiroshi Ishida
Venue: IEEE Intelligent Systems (2006)

Future robots will work in hospitals, elderly care centers, schools, and homes. Similarity with humans can facilitate interaction with a variety of users who don't have robotics expertise, so it make sense to take inspiration from humans when developing robots. However, humanlike appearance can also be deceiving, convincing users that robots can understand and do much more than they actually can. Developing a humanlike appearance must go hand in hand with increasing robots' cognitive, social, and perceptive capabilities. This installment of Trends & Controversies explores different aspects of human-inspired robots.
A Model of a Multi-Agent Web System for Integration in Expert Systems
Authors: Michel Barnad Geszychter, Beatriz Wilges, Silvia Nassar, Fernando Gauthier
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Inteligence for Modelling Control and Automation and International Conference on Intelligent Agents Web Technologies and International Commerce (2006)

The goal of this project is to model a MAS -- multi-agent web system -- which integrates other expert systems, represented in this application as agents, through a web server. To this end, we developed a prototype of a MAS called CLIDENP -- Virtual Clinic for the Diagnosis and Education of Pediatric Nutrition. CLIDENP allows the diagnosis of nutritional states and suggests diets for children up to two years of age. The results demonstrate that the application of a MAS is capable of facilitating the exchange of messages and services between the original expert systems, by means of a dynamic and autonomous communication language similar to Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language -- KQML. In this way, the proposed model permits a set of expert systems to work in a distributed fashion and solve problems in a complex domain.
A Q-decomposition LRTDP Approach to Resource Allocation
Authors: Pierrick Plamondon, Brahim Chaib-draa, Abder Rezak Benaskeur
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE/WIC/ACM international conference on Intelligent Agent Technology (2006)

This paper contributes to solve effectively stochastic resource allocation problems known to be NP-Complete. To address this complex resource management problem, the merging of two approaches is made: The Q-decomposition model, which coordinates reward separated agents through an arbitrator, and the Labeled Real-Time Dynamic Programming (LRTDP) approaches are adapted in an effective way. The Q-decomposition permits to reduce the set of states to consider, while LRTDP concentrates the planning on significant states only. As demonstrated by the experiments, combining these two distinct approaches permits to further reduce the planning time to obtain the optimal solution of a resource allocation problem.
Object Boundary Detection in Images using a Semantic Ontology
Authors: Anthony Hoogs, Roderic Collins
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshop (2006)

We present a novel method for detecting the boundaries between objects in images that uses a large, hierarchical, semantic ontology - WordNet. The semantic object hierarchy in WordNet grounds this ill-posed segmentation problem, so that true boundaries are defined as edges between instances of different classes, and all other edges are clutter. To avoid fully classifying each pixel, which is very difficult in generic images, we evaluate the semantic similarity of the two regions bounding each edge in an initial oversegmentation. Semantic similarity is computed using WordNet enhanced with appearance information, and is largely orthogonal to visual similarity. Hence two regions with very similar visual attributes, but from different categories, can have a large semantic distance and therefore evidence of a strong boundary between them, and vice versa. The ontology is trained with images from the UC Berkeley image segmentation benchmark, extended with manual labeling of the semantic content of each image segment. Results on boundary detection against the benchmark images show that semantic similarity computed through WordNet can significantly improve boundary detection compared to generic segmentation.
Surface Dependent Representations for Illumination Insensitive Image Comparison
Authors: Margarita Osadchy, David W. Jacobs, Michael Lindenbaum
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (2007)

We consider the problem of matching images to tell whether they come from the same scene viewed under different lighting conditions. We show that the surface characteristics determine the type of image comparison method that should be used. Previous work has shown the effectiveness of comparing the image gradient direction for surfaces with material properties that change rapidly in one direction. We show analytically that two other widely used methods, normalized correlation of small windows and comparison of multiscale oriented filters, essentially compute the same thing. Then, we show that for surfaces whose properties change more slowly, comparison of the output of whitening filters is most effective. This suggests that a combination of these strategies should be employed to compare general objects. We discuss indications that Gabor jets use such a mixed strategy effectively, and we propose a new mixed strategy. We validate our results on synthetic and real images.
Learning signal processing concepts and psychoacoustics in the QuickSig DSP environment
Authors: M. Karjalainen, M. Rahkila
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1995. on International Conference - Volume 02 (1995)

A computer-based education (CBE) system is described that is built on top of the QuickSig DSP programming environment. As two CBE applications the authors discuss the implementation and use of "Introduction to Signal Processing" and "Fundamentals of Psychoacoustics" that exploit modern multi and hypermedia features on new computers. The signal processing that is applied, the sound I/O, the graphical user interface, and the CBE navigation system are presented.
Asynchronous Semantics and Anti-patterns for Interacting Web Services
Authors: Yongyan Zheng, Paul Krause
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Quality Software (2006)

Web service is an emerging paradigm for distributed computing. First, in order to verify web services rigorously, it is important to provide a formal semantics for the flowbased web service language (WS). A suitable formal model should cover most features of the WS. The existing formal models either abstract from data, cover a simple subset of WS, or omit the interactions between certain components. This paper presents a web service automaton, an extension of Mealy machine, to fulfill the formal model requirements of the web service domain. Second, semantic compatibility checking between web services is another important issue. The existing checking approaches are post-checking, where the compatibility is checked after composition. As a complement to post-checking, we proposes anti-patterns for web service interactions as a pre-checking, so that certain incompatible web services can be modified or re-selected in the earliest stages.
Usage of Global States-Based Application Control
Authors: J. Borkowski, D. Kopanski, M. Tudruj
Venue: Proceedings of the Proceedings of The Fifth International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Computing (2006)

The novel parallel/distributed application control method, discussed in this paper, is based on the use of global states monitoring. Application processes report their local states to monitors. The monitors construct global states, analyze them and send control signals to processes to stimulate necessary actions. A number of application areas of this control method are examined. Tests results and gained experience are presented for irregular computation, load balancing and dynamic workflow implementations. It is shown, that the new control method can lead to a better performance than message passing and that it provides a useful and convenient framework, facilitating program development and maintenance.
Stability-optimal transmission policy for the multiple antenna multiple access channel in the geometric view
Authors: Holger Boche, Marcin Wiczanowski
Venue: Signal Processing (2006)

In future wireless cellular networks the data-based services are expected to outnumber the traditional voice connections. Such evolution requires the utilization of appropriate transmission policies providing certain goals associated with physical and data link layer, like e.g. total throughput maximization, total delay minimization, fairness in terms of buffer occupancies etc. In this context we concentrate on the policy providing the largest stability region (stability-optimal policy) to the multi-antenna multiple access channel. The presented analysis of the corresponding optimization problem is coupled with the investigation of the structure of the stability region of the multi-antenna multiple access channel, which corresponds to the ergodic capacity region. The presented set-geometric framework allows for the identification of important properties and cross-layer dependences. In particular we characterize the interdependence between the stability-optimal decoding order and queue system state, prove convexity of the underlying optimization problem and analyze the resource allocation under existence of idle queues. The analysis points out significant differences in the properties of the stability-optimal policy and the stability region subject to different types of power constraints.
Brain Responses to Segmentally and Tonally Induced Semantic Violations in Cantonese
Authors: Annett Schirmer, Siu-Lam Tang, Trevor B. Penney, Thomas C. Gunter, Hsuan-Chih Chen
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2005)

The present event-related potential (ERP) study examined the role of tone and segmental information in Cantonese word processing. To this end, participants listened to sentences that were either semantically correct or contained a semantically incorrect word. Semantically incorrect words differed from the most expected sentence completion at the tone level, at the segmental level, or at both levels. All semantically incorrect words elicited an increased frontal negativity that was maximal 300 msec following word onset and an increased centroparietal positivity that was maximal 650 msec following word onset. There were differences between completely incongruous words and the other two violation conditions with respect to the latency and amplitude of the ERP effects. These differences may be due to differences in the onset of acoustic deviation of the presented from the expected word and different mechanisms involved in the processing of complete as compared to partial acoustic deviations. Most importantly, however, tonally and segmentally induced semantic violations were comparable. This suggests that listeners access tone and segmental information at a similar point in time and that both types of information play comparable roles during word processing in Cantonese.
Transactions Concurrency Control in Web Service Environment
Authors: Mohammad Alrifai, Peter Dolog, Wolfgang Nejdl
Venue: Proceedings of the European Conference on Web Services (2006)

Business transactions in web service environments run with relaxed isolation and atomicity property. In such environments, transactions can commit and roll back independently on each other. Transaction management has to reflect this issue and address the problems which result for example from concurrent access to web service resources and data. In this paper we propose an extension to the WS-Transaction Protocol which ensures the consistency of the data when independent business transactions access the data concurrently under the relaxed transaction properties. Our extension is based on transaction dependency graphs maintained at the service provider side. We have implemented such a protocol on top of WS-Transaction. The extension on the web service provider side is simple to achieve as it can be an integral part of the service invocation mechanism. It has also an advantage from an engineering point of view as it does not change the way consumers or clients of web services have to be programmed. Furthermore, it avoids direct communication between transaction coordinators which preserves security by keeping the information about business transactions restricted to the coordinators which are responsible for them.
A State Exploration-Based Approach to Testing Java Monitors
Authors: Yu Lei, Richard Carver, David Kung, Vidur Gupta, Monica Hernandez
Venue: Proceedings of the 17th International Symposium on Software Reliability Engineering (2006)

A Java monitor is a Java class that defines one or more synchronized methods. Unlike a regular object, a Java monitor object is intended to be accessed by multiple threads simultaneously. Thus, testing a Java monitor can be significantly different from testing a regular class. In this paper, we propose a state exploration-based approach to testing a Java monitor. A novel aspect of our approach is that during exploration, threads are introduced on-the-fly, and as needed, to simulate race conditions that can occur when multiple threads try to access a monitor object at the same time. Furthermore, each transition is defined in a way such that the behavior of the threads along each path can be precisely characterized and controlled. We describe a prototype tool called MonitorExplorer and report three case studies that are designed to provide an initial evaluation of our approach.
AR parameter estimation from noisy data using the EM algorithm
Authors: M. Deriche
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing,1994. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 04 (1994)

This paper considers the problem of parameter estimation of Gaussian autoregressive (AR) processes in the presence of additive white Gaussian noise. The proposed algorithm is based on formulating the estimation problem as an iterative expectation-maximisation (EM) procedure. The observations are seen as the 'incomplete' data and the set formed by the AR process and the noise process represents the 'complete' data. The algorithm is guaranteed to converge in the likelihood function of the parameters. The algorithm is easily generalised to other structures of the covariance matrix of the additive noise. Performance results show that the algorithm is successful in estimating the parameters even at very low signal-to-noise ratios (SNR).