ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Learning disjunctive preferences for negotiating effectively
Authors: Reyhan Aydoǧan, Pinar Yolum
Venue: Proceedings of The 8th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems - Volume 2 (2009)

Successful negotiation depends on understanding and responding to participants' needs. Many negotiation approaches assume identical needs (e.g., minimizing costs) and do not take into account other preferences of the participants. However, preferences play a crucial role in the outcome of negotiations. Accordingly, we propose a negotiation framework where producer agents learn the preferences of consumer preferences over time and negotiates based on this new knowledge. Our proposed approach is based on inductive learning but also incorporates the idea of revision. Thus, as the negotiation proceeds, a producer can revise its idea of the customer's preferences. This enables us to learn conjunctive as well as disjunctive preferences. Even if the consumer's preferences are specified in complex ways, such as conditional rules, our approach can learn and guide the producer to create well-targeted offers. Our experimental work shows that our proposed approach completes negotiation faster than similar approaches, especially if the producer will not be able to satisfy consumer's requests properly.
Speakers' intention prediction using statistics of multi-level features in a schedule management domain
Authors: Donghyun Kim, Hyunjung Lee, Choong-Nyoung Seon, Harksoo Kim, Jungyun Seo
Venue: Proceedings of the 46th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics on Human Language Technologies: Short Papers (2008)

Speaker's intention prediction modules can be widely used as a pre-processor for reducing the search space of an automatic speech recognizer. They also can be used as a preprocessor for generating a proper sentence in a dialogue system. We propose a statistical model to predict speakers' intentions by using multi-level features. Using the multi-level features (morpheme-level features, discourse-level features, and domain knowledge-level features), the proposed model predicts speakers' intentions that may be implicated in next utterances. In the experiments, the proposed model showed better performances (about 29% higher accuracies) than the previous model. Based on the experiments, we found that the proposed multi-level features are very effective in speaker's intention prediction.
An Evaluation of an Object Recognition Schema Using Multiple Region Detectors
Authors: Meritxell Vinyals, Arnau Ramisa, Ricardo Toledo
Venue: Proceeding of the 2007 conference on Artificial Intelligence Research and Development (2007)

Robust object recognition is one of the most challenging topics in computer vision. In the last years promising results have been obtained using local regions and descriptors to characterize and learn objects. One of these approaches is the one proposed by Lowe in [1]. In this work we compare different region detectors in the context of object recognition under different image transformations such as illumination, scale and rotation. Additionally, we propose two extensions to the original object recognition scheme: a Bayesian model that uses knowledge about region detector robustness to reject more unlikely hypotheses and a final verification process to check that all final hypotheses are coherent to each other.
Optimal Rate Allocation of Compressed Data Streams in Multihop Sensor Networks
Authors: Chun Lung Lin, Jia Shung Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing in Sensor Systems (2009)

Consider that a transform coder is installed at each sensor node. In this paper, an analytical framework for optimal rate allocation of compressed data streams in wireless multihop sensor networks is presented. Compact, necessary and sufficient closed-form solution to the optimal rate allocation problem is derived based on the lower rate approximation of rate distortion function. Extensive simulations were conducted using real-world data traces, LEM and Intel Lab datasets. The simulation results show that the information of compression ratios of sensor data can be utilized to optimally distributing the limited transmission rate among sensors to greatly reduce the amount of transmitted data. Moreover, the performance gain of the optimal rate allocation increases exponentially at lower rates, lower compression ratios of sensor data and larger variation between compression ratios.
Computational aspects of Shapley's saddles
Authors: Felix Brandt, Markus Brill, Felix Fischer, Paul Harrenstein
Venue: Proceedings of The 8th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems - Volume 1 (2009)

Game-theoretic solution concepts, such as Nash equilibrium, are playing an ever increasing role in the study of systems of autonomous computational agents. A common criticism of Nash equilibrium is that its existence relies on the possibility of randomizing over actions, which in many cases is deemed unsuitable, impractical, or even infeasible. In work dating back to the early 1950s Lloyd Shapley proposed ordinal set-valued solution concepts for zero-sum games that he refers to as strict and weak saddles. These concepts are intuitively appealing, they always exist, and are unique in important subclasses of games. We initiate the study of computational aspects of Shapley's saddles and provide polynomial-time algorithms for computing strict saddles in normal-form games and weak saddles in a subclass of symmetric zero-sum games. On the other hand, we show that certain problems associated with weak saddles in bimatrix games are NP-hard. Finally, we extend our results to mixed refinements of Shapley's saddles introduced by Duggan and Le Breton.
Sociotechnical Interaction and Cyborg-Cyborg Interaction: Transforming the Scale and Convergence of HCI
Authors: Kenneth R. Fleischmann
Venue: The Information Society (2009)

This article describes the broadening of the range of issues addressed by human-computer interaction (HCI) in response to ongoing trends of networked and ubiquitous computing. The first trend is the growing scale of HCI, with a transformation of HCI from focusing on individuals to groups to society as a whole, resulting in sociotechnical interaction. The second trend is the increasing convergence of the human and the computer in HCI, leading to cyborg-cyborg interaction. The article considers the social and ethical implications of these two trends, in particular, the growing importance of nonhuman agency, including not only the bioagency of humans and nonhuman animals but also the cyberagency of information technology and the collective agency of networks. The article concludes that bioagency and cyberagency are in the process of converging, leading to growing collaboration not only at and through computers but also with computers.
High Minimal Pairs in the Enumeration Degrees
Authors: Andrea Sorbi, Guohua Wu, Yue Yang
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th Annual Conference on Theory and Applications of Models of Computation (2009)

The natural embedding of the Turing degrees into the enumeration degrees preserves the jump operation, and maps isomorphically the computably enumerable Turing degrees onto the ${\it \Pi}^0_1$ enumeration degrees. The embedding does not preserve minimal pairs, though, unless one of the two sides is low. In particular it is known that there exist high minimal pairs of c.e. Turing degrees that do not embed to minimal pairs of e-degrees. We show however that high minimal pairs of ${\it \Pi}^0_1$ e-degrees do exist.
Efficient methods for topic model inference on streaming document collections
Authors: Limin Yao, David Mimno, Andrew McCallum
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining (2009)

Topic models provide a powerful tool for analyzing large text collections by representing high dimensional data in a low dimensional subspace. Fitting a topic model given a set of training documents requires approximate inference techniques that are computationally expensive. With today's large-scale, constantly expanding document collections, it is useful to be able to infer topic distributions for new documents without retraining the model. In this paper, we empirically evaluate the performance of several methods for topic inference in previously unseen documents, including methods based on Gibbs sampling, variational inference, and a new method inspired by text classification. The classification-based inference method produces results similar to iterative inference methods, but requires only a single matrix multiplication. In addition to these inference methods, we present SparseLDA, an algorithm and data structure for evaluating Gibbs sampling distributions. Empirical results indicate that SparseLDA can be approximately 20 times faster than traditional LDA and provide twice the speedup of previously published fast sampling methods, while also using substantially less memory.
Constructing structural VAR models with conditional independence graphs
Authors: Les Oxley, Marco Reale, Granville Tunnicliffe Wilson
Venue: Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (2009)

In this paper graphical modelling is used to select a sparse structure for a multivariate time series model of New Zealand interest rates. In particular, we consider a recursive structural vector autoregressions that can subsequently be described parsimoniously by a directed acyclic graph, which could be given a causal interpretation. A comparison between competing models is then made by considering likelihood and economic theory.
Amorphous ternary rare-earth gate oxides for future integration in MOSFETs
Authors: J. M. J. Lopes, E. Durğun Özben, M. Roeckerath, U. Littmark, R. Lupták, St. Lenk, M. Luysberg, A. Besmehn, U. Breuer, J. Schubert, S. Mantl
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2009)

In this contribution we present results on the structural and electrical properties of amorphous REScO"3 (RE=La, Gd, Tb, Sm) and LaLuO"3 thin films. The study reveals that these oxides are potential candidates for so-called higher-k dielectrics for forthcoming MOSFET generations. High dielectric constants up to 32, low leakage currents and low interface trap densities are determined for amorphous thin films prepared by pulsed-laser deposition, molecular beam deposition and e-gun evaporation. Moreover, we show that LaLuO"3 gate stacks annealed up to 1050^oC maintain low leakage current densities without substantial EOT increase. Finally, promising results for n-MOSFETs with GdScO"3 as gate dielectric processed on strained silicon-on-insulator substrates are also shown.
Convergence of adaptive finite element methods in computational mechanics
Authors: Carsten Carstensen
Venue: Applied Numerical Mathematics (2009)

The a priori convergence of finite element methods is based on the density property of the sequence of finite element spaces which essentially assumes a quasi-uniform mesh-refining. The advantage is guaranteed convergence for a large class of data and solutions; the disadvantage is a global mesh refinement everywhere accompanied by large computational costs. Adaptive finite element methods (AFEMs) automatically refine exclusively wherever their refinement indication suggests to do so and consequently leave out refinements at other locations. In other words, the density property is violated on purpose and the a priori convergence is not guaranteed automatically and, in fact, crucially depends on algorithmic details. The advantage of AFEMs is a more effective mesh in many practical examples accompanied by smaller computational costs; the disadvantage is that the desirable convergence property is not guaranteed a priori. Efficient error estimators can justify a numerical approximation a posteriori and so achieve reliability. But it is not theoretically justified from the start that the adaptive mesh-refinement will generate an accurate solution at all. In order to foster the development of a convergence theory and improved design of AFEMs in computational engineering and sciences, this paper describes a particular version of an AFEM and analyses convergence results for three model problems in computational mechanics: linear elastic material (A), nonlinear monotone elastic material (B), and Hencky elastoplastic material (C). It establishes conditions sufficient for error-reduction in (A), for energy-reduction in (B), and eventually for strong convergence of the stress field in (C) in the presence of small hardening.
Simulating gaze attention behaviors for crowds
Authors: Helena Grillon, Daniel Thalmann
Venue: Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds (2009)

Crowd animation is a topic of high interest which offers many challenges. One of the most important is the trade-off between rich, realistic behaviors, and computational costs. To this end, much effort has been put into creating variety in character representation and animation. Nevertheless, one aspect still lacking realism in virtual crowd characters resides in their attention behaviors. In this paper, we propose a framework to add gaze attention behaviors to crowd animations. First, we automatically extract interest points from character or object trajectories in pre- existing animations. For a given character, we assign a set of elementary scores based on parameters such as distance or speed to all other characters or objects in the scene. We then combine these subscores in an overall scoring function. The scores obtained from this function form a set of gaze constraints that determine where and when each character should look. We finally enforce these constraints with an optimized dedicated gaze Inverse Kinematics (IK) solver. It first computes the displacement maps for the constraints to be satisfied. It then smoothly propagates these displacements over an automatically defined number of frames. We demonstrate the efficiency of our method and our visually convincing results through various examples. Copyright &copy; 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. In this paper, we propose a framework to add gaze attention behaviors to crowd characters. It first consists in automatically detecting the points of interest which should be looked at by the characters. It then consists in a dedicated Inverse Kinematics solver to adapt the character motions in order for them to perform the gaze motions in a smooth and natural way.
Knowledge Discovery from Digital Text Documents
Authors: Sheng-Tang Wu
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on Advances in Intelligent IT: Active Media Technology 2006 (2006)

Effective knowledge discovery depends on a precise text representation mechanism for a knowledge base. There exist many approaches to represent a set of digital text documents; however most of them are keyword-based approaches with tfidf-like term weighting schema. In this demo, a pattern-based prototype model has been developed in the field of knowledge discovery from digital text documents.
Network-Integrated Multimedia Middleware, Services, and Applications
Authors: Marco Lohse
Venue:  (2007)

Today, there is a strong trend towards networked multimedia devices. However, common multimedia software architectures are restricted to perform all processing on a single system. Available software infrastructures for distributed computing - commonly referred to as middleware - only partly provide the facilities needed for supporting multimedia in distributed and dynamic environments. Approaches from the research community only focus on specific aspects and do not achieve the coverage needed for a full-featured multimedia middleware solution. The Network-Integrated Multimedia Middleware (NMM) presented in this book considers the network as an integral part. Despite the inherent heterogeneity of present networking and device technologies, the architecture allows to extend control and cooperation to the network and enables the development of distributed multimedia applications that transparently use local and remote components in combination. This middleware is augmented by several middleware services that especially aim at providing additional support for developing complex applications that involve mobile users and devices. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
An MPI Benchmark Program Library and Its Application to the Earth Simulator
Authors: Hitoshi Uehara, Masanori Tamura, Mitsuo Yokokawa
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on High Performance Computing (2009)

Parallel programming is essential for large-scale scientific simulations, and MPI is intended to be a de facto standard API for this kind of programming. Since MPI has several functions that exhibit similar behaviors, programmers often have difficulty in choosing the appropriate function for their programs. An MPI benchmark program library named MBL has been developed for gathering performance data for various MPI functions. It measures the performance of MPI-1 and MPI-2 functions under several communication patterns. MBL has been applied to the measurement of MPI performance in the Earth Simulator. It is confirmed that a maximum throughput of 11.7GB/s is obtained in inter-node communications in the Earth Simulator.
Introduction to 80x86 Assembly Language and Computer Architecture, 2nd edition
Authors: Richard Detmer
Venue:  (2009)

Thoroughly revised and updated throughout, the Second Edition of Introduction to 80x86 Assembly Language and Computer Architecture provides students with a clear and concise introduction to the inner workings of the computer, and their many levels and functions. Through introducing real instruction sets and writing real assembly language programs, students will become acquainted with the basics of computer architecture. The Second Edition now includes the use of the Microsoft Visual Studio environment, which is widely available to students and professionals, and provides a robust environment for editing, assembling, debugging, and executing problems. The text continues to emphasize basic architecture, not just the 80x86 line, and now includes 64-bit operations but is still appropriate for those working with 32-bit computers. Programmers are expected to program effectively at any level. Ensure students are up-to-speed with Introduction to 80x86 Assembly Language and Computer Architecture, Second Edition.
Parallel hp-Finite Element Simulations of 3D Resistivity Logging Instruments
Authors: Maciej Paszyński, David Pardo, Leszek Demkowicz, Carlos Torres-Verdin
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on Leading the Web in Concurrent Engineering: Next Generation Concurrent Engineering (2006)

The electromagnetic (EM) measurements obtained by using one transmitter and one receiver antenna in a borehole environment are simulated. The measurements are used to assess electrical properties of rock formations. First, logging instruments as well as rock formation properties are assumed to exhibit axial symmetry around the axis of a vertical borehole. The optimal mesh for axially symmetric problem is obtained by a 2D self-adaptive goal-oriented hp-Finite Element Method (FEM) that delivers exponential convergence rates in terms of the quantity of interest against the CPU time. The 3D mesh is obtained by full revolution of the generated 2D mesh. The computations are then performed for angles of formation layers deviated by 30, 45 and 60 degrees. The concurrent engineering infrastructure that solves the problem automatically in parallel is presented. The 3D code has been verified by comparison of numerical results with the known exact solution of the problem of antenna radiating into a homogenous space, and by comparison of results of 2D and 3D code for the problem with axially symmetric layers in formation.
Recent trends and developments in e-banking in an underdeveloped nation &ndash; an empirical study
Authors: Jiaqin Yang, Kh Tanveer Ahmed
Venue: International Journal of Electronic Finance (2009)

This paper describes a case study about the major issues and challenges in the development of the electronic banking (e-banking) industry of a relatively underdeveloped nation. This research shows that even in many less developed nations, the application of e-banking can help their local banks reduce operating costs and provide a better and fast service to their customers. The research objectives are to investigate the current trends and developments in e-banking and provide managerial insights for the banking industry in those underdeveloped nations. The collected data are examined through statistical analysis tools. Managerial implications are discussed with suggestions for future research.
The role of design-principles in designing courses that promote collaborative learning in higher-education
Authors: Yael Kali, Rachel Levin-Peled, Yehudit Judy Dori
Venue: Computers in Human Behavior (2009)

Design-patterns and design-principles represent two approaches, which elicit design knowledge from successful learning environments and formulate it as design guidelines. The two approaches are fairly similar in their strategies, but differ in their research origins. This study stems from the design-principles approach, and explores how learning is affected by curriculum-materials designed according to two main design-principles: (a) engage learners in peer instruction, and (b) reuse student artifacts as resource for further learning. These principles were employed in three higher-education courses and examined with 385 students. Data analysis was conducted in two trajectories: In the ''bird's eye view'' trajectory we used a ''feature'' unit of analysis to illustrate how learning was supported by features designed according to the two design-principles in each of the courses. In the ''design-based research'' trajectory we focused on one feature, a web-based Jigsaw activity, in a philosophy of education course, and demonstrated how it was refined via three design iterations. Students were required to specialize in one of three philosophical perspectives, share knowledge with peers who specialized in other perspectives, and reuse the shared knowledge in new contexts. Outcomes indicated that the design in the first iteration did not sufficiently support student ability to apply the shared knowledge. Two additional design-principles were employed in the next iterations: (c) provide knowledge representation and organization tools, and (d) employ multiple social-activity structures. The importance of combining several design-principles for designing curricular materials is discussed in terms of Alexander's design-pattern language and his notion of referencing between design-patterns.
Interference-aware routing protocol in multi-radio wireless mesh networks
Authors: Byoungheon Shin, Yangwoo Ko, Jisun An, Dongman Lee
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Future Internet Technologies (2009)

Utilization of multiple radio interfaces increases throughput of wireless networks. Existing work proposes a multi-radio routing protocol exploiting link quality and channel diversity of a path. While an established path is deteriorated by interferences incurred by any changes in a network, and existing work does not detect the deterioration. In this paper, we propose an interference-aware multi-radio routing protocol detecting and resolving dynamic path deterioration in wireless mesh networks.