ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Determination of optimal number of projections and parametric sensitivity analysis of operators for parallel-ray transmission tomography using hybrid continuous genetic algorithm
Authors: Shahzad Ahmad Qureshi, Sikander M. Mirza, M. Arif
Venue: International Journal of Imaging Systems and Technology (2007)

In this work, a hybrid continuous genetic algorithm (HCGA) based methodology has been developed for optimization of number of projections for parallel-ray transmission tomography. The HCGA calculations with filtered back-projection (FBP) utilize 8 bits for both head and lung phantoms. The effect of selection operator through proportionate, truncation, and tournament schemes has been analyzed along with the introduction of a mixed-selection scheme. Image quality has been measured using root-mean-squared error, Euclidean error and peak signal-to-noise ratios. The sensitivity of reconstructed image quality on various mutation operators, namely standard, gradient-, and offset-based schemes, has been analyzed along with the effect of number of projections. The number of projections has resulted in maximization of image quality while minimizing the radiation hazard involved. The results of HCGA have been compared with FBP as a deterministic technique and simulated annealing (SA) as a stochastic technique for IRT approximation. For the 8 &times; 8 head and lung phantoms, HCGA, SA, FBP, have resulted PSNR values correspondingly as 40.47, 33.92, 8.28 and 26.38, 20.36, 12.98 dB. &copy; 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 17, 10&ndash;21, 2007
On continuous triangular norms that are migrative
Authors: J. Fodor, I. J. Rudas
Venue: Fuzzy Sets and Systems (2007)

In this paper we completely describe all continuous migrative triangular norms. Since the migrative property excludes both idempotent and nilpotent classes, the characterization and construction is carried out by solving a functional equation for additive generators of strict t-norms. We also study cases when the construction results in a smooth generator.
Time- and Space-Efficient Evaluation of Sparse Boolean Functions in Embedded Software
Authors: Vaclav Dvorak
Venue: Proceedings of the 14th Annual IEEE International Conference and Workshops on the Engineering of Computer-Based Systems (2007)

The paper addresses software implementation of large sparse systems of Boolean functions. Fast evaluation of such functions with the smallest memory consumption is often required in embedded systems. A new heuristic method of obtaining compact representation of sparse Boolean functions in a form of linked tables is described that can be used for BDD minimization as well. Evaluation of Boolean functions reduces to multiple indirect memory accesses. The method is compared to other techniques like a walk through a BDD or a list search and is illustrated on examples. The presented method is flexible in making trade-offs between performance and memory consumption and may be thus useful for embedded microprocessor or microcontroller software.
An area-power efficient CMOS 4-PAM class AB current-mode pre-emphasis serial link transmitter
Authors: Fei Yuan, Minghai Li
Venue: Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing (2007)

This paper presents an area-power efficient CMOS 4-PAM class AB current-mode pre-emphasis transmitter for multi-Gb/s serial links. The proposed transmitter minimizes both chip area and power consumption by constructing pre-emphasis symbols directly from the current symbol, eliminating the need for complex FIR filters and digital-to-analog converters. The differential output current obtained from a class AB pre-amplifier and the push-pull operation of both the current-symbol and pre-emphasis drivers minimizes the electromagnetic interference exerted by channels to neighboring devices. The use of latches at both the multiplexer and pre-amplifier minimizes the effect of power fluctuation and ground bouncing on the output current of the transmitter. The proposed transmitter has been implemented in both UMC-0.13 μm 1.2 V and TSMC-0.18 μm 1.8V CMOS technologies and analyzed using SpectreRF from Cadence Design Systems with BSIM3.3v device models. The effectiveness of the proposed transmitter architecture is validated from the simulation results of both designs.
High viscous liquids as a source in micro-screw heat exchanger: fabrication, simulation and experiments
Authors: Haifa El-Sadi, Nabil Esmail, Andreas K. Athienitis
Venue: Microsystem Technologies (2007)

Viscous liquids can be encountered in many applications of micro devices. In this paper, an experimental and numerical simulation of a micro screw concentric tube heat exchanger is presented to determine the overall heat transfer coefficient and the amount of heat created by friction. The screw surface area and the increase in the viscosity of the liquid can raise the amount of heat created by friction and subsequently increase the amount of heat transferred in the micro concentric tube heat exchanger. Increasing the viscosity of the source can increase the overall heat transfer coefficient. The micro heat exchanger consists of a tube inside the screw placed inside a micro-channel. When the screw rotates, a net force is transferred to the fluid due to differential pressure on the depth of the thread and pressure gradient along the screw axis, thus causing the fluid to displace outside and inside the screw. A micro-screw heat exchanger was designed to maximize heat transfer from a liquid (viscous) in the cylinder to water in a tube inside a screw. Three-dimensional simulation of micro-screw heat exchanger was performed. The results obtained from CFD simulation have been compared with the experiments.
A hybrid semantic scene-based error resilient system
Authors: Jin-Hau Kuo, Chien-Wu Tsai, Ja-Ling Wu
Venue: Proceedings of the The 8th International Conference on Communication Systems - Volume 02 (2002)

We propose a hybrid semantic scene-based error resilient system for H.263-based video. which can provide us an experimental platform for verifying the error robustness of H.263-based video with different arrangements. The scene-based error resilience approach is designed to improve the insufficiency of conventional error concealment schemes due to the occurrence of scene or shot change. This system gives us a lot of significant information about the effect of different combinations of error resilient techniques under different error conditions. In addition, some new error resilient techniques are proposed. The goal of this experimental system is to provide a developing assistant tool for constructing an error robust H.263-based video communication application.
Automatic Generation of Formal Intervention Plans Based on the SDA Representation Model
Authors: Francis Real, David Riano, John Bohada
Venue: Proceedings of the Twentieth IEEE International Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems (2007)

Clinical practice guidelines are important in the work of physicians. These guidelines are manually created by experts using their knowledge and experience. This work gives an approach to automatically develop the clinical guideline charts with the SDA* representation model. In addition, this paper details an example of application of the methodology proposed with the treatment of Hypertension.
The Theory of Natural Movement and its Application to the Simulation of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET)
Authors: Nick Sheep Dalton, Ruth Conroy Dalton
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth Annual Conference on Communication Networks and Services Research (2007)

The theory of natural movement is fundamental to space syntax: a set of theories and methods developed in the late 1970s that seeks, at a general level, to reveal the mutual effects of complex spatial systems on society and vice versa. In particular, over the years, space syntax analyses have been shown to correlate highly with pedestrian movement and hence are regularly used as a predictive tool, to forecast relative levels of people-flow along streets. Mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) are wireless networks that are selfcreating, having an unfixed and constantly shifting topology. This paper demonstrates how ad hoc networks based on pedestrians carrying mobile wireless devices can be simulated using the theory of natural movement. It suggests that the application of natural movement simulations to mobile ad hoc networks appears to be a useful contribution to the field and that further work should be conducted in this area.
Shift-tolerant K-subspaces for phoneme recognition
Authors: Duanpei Wu
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 06 (1996)

This paper presents a new high performance neural network architecture, shift-tolerant K-subspaces, for phoneme recognition. The architecture combines the time-delay design for phoneme recognition and the technique of MLP autoassociators. For each phoneme category, K time-delay linear autoassociators are constructed and trained with a proposed K-subspace clustering procedure, similar to the K-means algorithm, using speech data belonging to the phoneme category. This architecture with its non-classification training procedure provides an effective method for phoneme recognition. It avoids the drawback encountered in most conventional neural network based speech recognition systems that network output values do not represent candidate likelihoods. The architecture has obtained 87.37% recognition accuracy which is only slightly lower than 88.44% obtained with a TDNN and 88.30% with a shift-tolerant LVQ trained by classification learning procedures using the same data set.
A trade-off analysis model: towards improving polling efficiency for network monitoring
Authors: Feng Gao, J. Gutierrez
Venue: Proceedings of the The 8th International Conference on Communication Systems - Volume 01 (2002)

One of the criticisms of network monitoring is the performance problems caused by the management traffic generated by he polling technique used to gather management information. This article presents a trade-off analysis model which enables the network management system to differentiate the polling frequencies systematically so as to collect data from the point of view of the whole network. The simulation results show that for various measurement objectives, the selective trade-off analysis approach is more efficient than at least that of a random polling scheme. and performs well across a wide range of traffic loads.
Building an application framework for speech and pen input integration in multimodal learning interfaces
Authors: R. A. Goubran
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 06 (1996)

While significant advances have been made improve speech recognition performance, and gesture and handwriting recognition, speech- and pen-based systems have still not found broad acceptance in everyday life. One reason for this is the inflexibility of each input modality when used alone. Human communication is very natural and flexible because we can take advantage of a multiplicity of communication signals working in concert to supply complementary information or increase robustness with redundancy. We present a multimodal interface capable of jointly interpreting speech, pen-based gestures, and handwriting in the context of an appointment scheduling application. The interpretation engine based on semantic frame merging correctly interprets 80% of a multimodal data set assuming perfect speech and gesture/handwriting recognition; in the presence of recognition errors the interpretation performance is in the range of 35-62%. A dialog processing scheme uses task domain knowledge to guide the user in supplying information and permits human-computer interactions to span several related multimodal input events.
Stability of manifold ambiguity resolution in DOA estimation with nonuniform linear antenna arrays
Authors: Y. I. Abramovich
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 05 (2000)

We investigate the stability of direction-of-arrival (DOA) manifold ambiguity resolution for uncorrelated Gaussian sources. Such ambiguity is associated with linear dependence amongst the points on the antenna array manifold (in the "conventional" case, where the number of sources is less than the number of sensors), or amongst the points on the antenna co-array manifold otherwise (in the "superior" case). We previously introduced identifiability conditions for manifoldly ambiguous scenarios and described a new diagonal-fitting algorithm for ambiguity resolution. Simulations revealed the existence of superior scenarios that are extremely sensitive to estimation errors, typical of the DOA estimation techniques applied. This phenomenon gives rise to the notion of "stable" and "unstable" identifiability, which we discuss here.
Towards Nanoelectronics Processor Architectures
Authors: Wenjing Rao, Alex Orailoglu, Ramesh Karri
Venue: Journal of Electronic Testing: Theory and Applications (2007)

In this paper, we focus on reliability, one of the most fundamental and important challenges, in the nanoelectronics environment. For a processor architecture based on the unreliable nanoelectronic devices, fault tolerance schemes are required so as to ensure the basic correctness of any computation. Since any fault tolerance approach demands redundancy either in the form of time or hardware, reliability needs to be considered in conjunction with the performance and hardware tradeoffs. We propose a new computational model for the nanoelectronics based processor architectures, that provides flexible fault tolerance to deal with the high and time varying faults. The model guarantees the correctness of instruction executions, while dynamically balancing hardware and performance overheads. The correctness of every instruction is confirmed by multiple execution instances through a hybrid hardware-time redundancy approach. To achieve high system performance, multiple unconfirmed computation branches are exploited in a speculative manner. Hardware resource growth that these speculative computations entail is controlled so that the utilization of hardware is balanced between the two competing goals of performance and fault tolerance. In addition, we examine the impact on the proposed computational model of other nanoelectronic characteristics such as the necessity for localization of interconnections and the regularity of nanofabric structures on the proposed computational model. We set up an experimental framework to validate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme as well as to investigate multiple tradeoff points within the proposed approach. Simulation data confirm that the proposed computational model achieves the goal of providing flexible fault tolerance under a wide range of fault occurrence rates, while at the same time guaranteeing high system performance and efficient utilization of hardware resources.
Logistics Management in a Mobile Environment: A Decision Support System Based on Trajectory Mining
Authors: Gianni Costa, Giuseppe Manco, Riccardo Ortale, Domenico Sacca, Alessandro D'Atri, Stefano Za
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Systems (2007)

Location prediction systems have become of interest in several application domains involving ubiquitous systems in the recent years. We propose a novel approach to trajectory prediction, that supports logistics optimization and decision making in a service area of a container terminal at a freight seaport. We devise a prototypical wireless infrastructure which collects historical trajectory data from the movements of containers. The approach consists in the application of a data mining technique for the development of the underlying locationaware prediction model that supports multiple representations and granularities both in space and in time. Also, we devise a path-prediction technique, capable of effectively taking into account inherent peculiarities of moving objects, such as a varying number of trajectories followed by each individual object and possible differences in the length of such trajectories.
Sparse Logistic Classifiers for Interpretable Protien Homology Detection
Authors: Pai-Hsi Huang, Vladimir Pavlovic
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Data Mining - Workshops (2006)

Computational classification of proteins using methods such as string kernels and Fisher-SVM has demonstrated great success. However, the resulting models do not offer an immediate interpretation of the underlying biological mechanisms. In particulal; some recent studies have postulated the existence of a small subset of positions and residues in protein sequences may be suficient to discriminate among different protein classes. In this work, we propose a hybrid setting for the classiJication task. A generative model is trained as a feature extractor, followed by a sparse classifier in the extracted feature space to determine the membership of the sequence, while discovering features relevant for classification. The set of sparse biologically motivated features together with the discriminative method offer the desired biological interpretability. We apply the proposed method to a widely used dataset and show that the peqormance of our models is comparable to that of the state-ofthe- art methods. The resulting models use fewer than 10% of the original features. At the same time, the sets of critical features discovered by the model appear to be consistent with confinned biological findings.
A scalar homotopy method for parallel and robust tracking of line spectral pairs
Authors: U. Pillai
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 02 (1996)

We present an adaptive path-following method based on the technique of homotopy, which efficiently computes the line spectral pairs by exploiting their natural ordering and low frame-to-frame variation. We first define continuous paths from known roots of the LSP polynomials of a prior speech frame to the unknown roots of the next frame in the sequence. A gradient-search based numerical predictor-corrector procedure is then used for tracing these paths in order to compute the unknown roots. This method uses only scalar operations and allows for all paths to be tracked independently. Conditions guaranteeing the existence of continuously differentiable paths are established by using a transformation between the s and z domains, and simulation results are presented to verify these conditions. Finally, we suggest guidelines for algorithm parameter selection as well as for reducing the computational complexity.
HIPPA, privacy and organizational change: a challenge for management
Authors: Bradley K. Jensen, Melinda Cline, Carl S. Guynes
Venue: ACM SIGCAS Computers and Society (2007)

Organizational change surrounding the security of identifiable health information has become imperative. This is a significant challenge for managers who are held responsible for loss of privacy through faulty security procedures. Management cannot completely secure the organization and still provide employees and customers with the information and services they need. Organizations must decide how much and what type of security they need, how to assign priorities, and how to manage security as the organization evolves in a competitive environment.
Robust Loss Functions for Boosting
Authors: Takafumi Kanamori, Takashi Takenouchi, Shinto Eguchi, Noboru Murata
Venue: Neural Computation (2007)

Boosting is known as a gradient descent algorithm over loss functions. It is often pointed out that the typical boosting algorithm, Adaboost, is highly affected by outliers. In this letter, loss functions for robust boosting are studied. Based on the concept of robust statistics, we propose a transformation of loss functions that makes boosting algorithms robust against extreme outliers. Next, the truncation of loss functions is applied to contamination models that describe the occurrence of mislabels near decision boundaries. Numerical experiments illustrate that the proposed loss functions derived from the contamination models are useful for handling highly noisy data in comparison with other loss functions.
SBHP-a low complexity wavelet coder
Authors: C. Chrysafis
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 04 (2000)

We present a low-complexity entropy coder originally designed to work in the JPEG2000 image compression standard framework. The algorithm is meant for embedded and non-embedded coding of wavelet coefficients inside a subband, and is called subband-block hierarchical partitioning (SBHP). It was extensively tested following the standard experiment procedures, and it was shown to yield a significant reduction in the complexity of entropy coding, with small loss in compression performance. Furthermore, it is able to seamlessly support all JPEG2000 features. We present a description of the algorithm, an analysis of its complexity, and a summary of the results obtained after its integration into the verification model (VM).
Extending particle swarm optimisers with self-organized criticality
Authors: M. Lovbjerg, T. Krink
Venue: Proceedings of the Evolutionary Computation on 2002. CEC '02. Proceedings of the 2002 Congress - Volume 02 (2002)

Particle swarm optimisers (PSOs) show potential in function optimisation, but still have room for improvement. Self-organized criticality (SOC) can help control the PSO and add diversity. Extending the PSO with SOC seems promising reaching faster convergence and better solutions.
First year comparative evaluation of the Texas A&M freshman integrated engineering program
Authors: V. L. Willson, T. Monogue, C. Malave
Venue: Proceedings of the Frontiers in Education Conference on 1995. Proceedings., 1995 vol 1. - Volume 01 (1995)

The paper documents the first year process and product evaluation of the NSF-sponsored Foundation Coalition (FC) project at Texas A&M University designed to integrate five courses taken by most freshman engineering students: physics, engineering design, calculus, English, and chemistry. In addition to the curriculum integration, the project emphasized cooperative learning, teaming, technology applied to learning, and active learning. One hundred students of the entering freshman engineering students who were calculus-ready were invited on a first-come, first-served basis to participate; all qualified women and minorities who applied were accepted, and others were accepted on a waiting list in order of application. Entry characteristics indicated that the students did not differ from the freshman class. FC student achievement in physics and calculus and attitudes toward coalition engineering goals were assessed both fall and spring. Separate comparison groups were selected fall and spring. Results indicated that the FC group scored almost identically to the comparison group on the initial testing. For the spring testing the FC group outscored the comparison group statistically on the physics and calculus tests, and all scales of the California Critical Thinking Test except Analysis (no difference). Student attitudes improved for the value of homework, lifelong learning, and decreased in their overall evaluation of engineering.