ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
An improved level set for liver segmentation and perfusion analysis in MRIs
Authors: Gang Chen, Lixu Gu, Lijun Qian, Jianrong Xu
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine (2009)

Determining liver segmentation accurately from MRIs is the primary and crucial step for any automated liver perfusion analysis, which provides important information about the blood supply to the liver. Although implicit contour extraction methods, such as level set methods (LSMs) and active contours, are often used to segment livers, the results are not always satisfactory due to the presence of artifacts and low-gradient response on the liver boundary. In this paper, we propose a multiple-initialization, multiple-step LSM to overcome the leakage and over-segmentation problems. The multiple-initialization curves are first evolved separately using the fast marching methods and LSMs, which are then combined with a convex hull algorithm to obtain a rough liver contour. Finally, the contour is evolved again using global level set smoothing to determine a precise liver boundary. Experimental results on 12 abdominal MRI series showed that the proposed approach obtained better liver segmentation results, so that a refined liver perfusion curve without respiration affection can be obtained by using a modified chamfer matching algorithm and the perfusion curve is evaluated by radiologists.
Technoloy Innovation and Imitation: A Survey about Software Outsourcing in East China
Authors: Haiwei Zhou, Xiquan Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Multimedia Information Networking and Security - Volume 02 (2009)

Software Outsourcing is not a new business strategy, but it is a new thing in China. Our main research task is to make clear software outsourcing by exploring outsourcing activity in east China.. According to data analysis about 119 Jiangsu software outsourcing enterprise survey, outsourcing party wants to get long-term competitivity, they must acquire the core elements. We study on outsourcing strategic element based on technology-society-government frame. By a exploring methodology including descriptive statistic analyses, we illuminate the link between technology and enterprise outsourcing.
Reducing Total Energy Consumption with Collaboration between Network and End Systems
Authors: Kenichi Hatakeyama, Yasunori Osana, Shin-ichi Kuribayashi
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Network-Based Information Systems (2009)

Full-scale IT introduction in the near future is expected to increase information flows vastly and this information explosion will also increase the number of IT devices in use, positioning the energy consumption of IT devices themselves as a key issue. Most of conventional measures to treat energy consumption handle servers and network devices separately. This paper first identifies that the network should cooperate with end systems to reduce the total energy consumption, and proposes an integrated method to reduce the total energy consumption by both network and end systems. Then, this paper proposes a simple method of estimating the volume of energy consumption by all network devices and assigning it to an individual user, based on the volume of traffic measured and the information about packet routing paths in the network.
An approach to nonirreducible MIMO FIR channel equalization
Authors: Yang Xiang, Sze Kui Ng
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs (2009)

It is known that a nonirreducible multiple-input-multiple-output finite-impulse-response channel driven by colored signals that are mutually uncorrelated and of sufficiently diverse power spectra can be identified blindly by exploiting only the second-order statistics of the measured data. In this brief, we propose an approach to dealing with the equalization of a nonirreducible channel, provided that the estimate of the channel matrix is available. Both zero-forcing and minimum-mean-square-error equalizers are developed to perform the channel equalization. The effectiveness of the approach and equalizers is demonstrated by simulation examples.
A mathematical approach for the formation of manufacturing cells
Authors: Zahir Albadawi, Hamdi A. Bashir, Mingyuan Chen
Venue: Computers and Industrial Engineering (2005)

One of the major steps in designing cellular manufacturing systems is to form cells. This involves identification of machine cells and part families. This paper proposes a new mathematical approach for forming manufacturing cells. The proposed approach involves two phases. In the first phase, machine cells are identified by applying factor analysis to the matrix of similarity coefficients. In the second phase, an integer-programming model is used to assign parts to the identified machine cells. To evaluate its performance, the proposed approach was applied to sample problems from the literature and a real life problem from a manufacturing plant. The results indicate that the proposed approach performs very well in terms of a number of criteria and compares favorably to well-know existing cell formation methods. In addition to its good performance, the proposed approach has the flexibility to allow the cell designer to either identify the required number of cells in advance, or consider it as a dependent variable. Using algorithms which are available in many commercial software packages is the other advantage of the proposed approach.
MPSteg-color: data hiding through redundant basis decomposition
Authors: Giacomo Cancelli, Mauro Barni
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security (2009)

The possibility of using redundant basis expansion to securely hide a message within a cover color image is explored by improving previous attempts in this sense in terms of security and payload. The stability and computational complexity problems of previous works are solved by introducing new selection and update rules working entirely in the integer domain, and by fully exploiting the availability of three color bands in such a way that all the available atoms in the three color bands are used to convey the stego-message. Image decomposition is randomized in several ways thus improving the stego-message undetectability, and making the hidden message undetectable by targeted steganalyzers explicitly developed to exploit the weaknesses of the MPSteg algorithm. The security of the new scheme is also evaluated by testing it against blind steganalyzers and compared to that of ± 1 embedding algorithm applied in the pixel domain.
Low-complexity iris coding and recognition based on directionlets
Authors: Vladan Velisavljevic
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security (2009)

A novel iris recognition method is presented. In the method, the iris features are extracted using the oriented separable wavelet transforms (directionlets) and they are compared in terms of a weighted Hamming distance. The feature extraction and comparison are shift-, size-, and rotation-invariant to the location of iris in the acquired image. The generated iris code is binary, whose length is fixed (and therefore commensurable), independent of the iris image, and comparatively short. The novel method shows a good performance when applied to a large database of irises and provides reliable identification and verification. At the same time, it preserves conceptual and computational simplicity and allows for a quick analysis and comparison of iris samples.
Support vector machines for automated recognition of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome from ECG recordings
Authors: Ahsan H. Khandoker, Marimuthu Palaniswami, Chandan K. Karmakar
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine (2009)

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is associated with cardiovascular morbidity as well as excessive daytime sleepiness and poor quality of life. In this study, we apply a machine learning technique [support vector machines (SVMs)] for automated recognition of OSAS types from their nocturnal ECG recordings. A total of 125 sets of nocturnal ECG recordings acquired from normal subjects (OSAS-) and subjects with OSAS (OSAS+), each of approximately 8 h in duration, were analyzed. Features extracted from successive wavelet coefficient levels after wavelet decomposition of signals due to heart rate variability (HRV) from RR intervals and ECG-derived respiration (EDR) from R waves of QRS amplitudes were used as inputs to the SVMs to recognize OSAS+/- subjects. Using leave-one-out technique, the maximum accuracy of classification for 83 training sets was found to be 100% for SVMs using a subset of selected combination of HRV and EDR features. Independent test results on 42 subjects showed that it correctly recognized 24 out of 26 OSAS+ subjects and 15 out of 16 OSAS- subjects (accuracy = 92.85%; Cohen's κ value of 0.85). For estimating the relative severity of OSAS, the posterior probabilities of SVM outputs were calculated and compared with respective apnea/hypopnea index. These results suggest superior performance of SVMs in OSAS recognition supported by wavelet-based features of ECG. The results demonstrate considerable potential in applying SVMs in an ECG-based screening device that can aid a sleep specialist in the initial assessment of patients with suspected OSAS.
A phase-locked loop with self-calibrated charge pumps in 3-µm LTPS-TFT technology
Authors: Wei-Ming Lin, Shen-Iuan Liu, Chun-Hung Kuo, Chun-Huai Li, Yao-Jen Hsieh, Chun-Ting Liu
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs (2009)

A phase-locked loop (PLL) with self-calibrated charge pumps (CPs) has been fabricated in a 3-µm low-temperature polysilicon thin-film transistor (LTPS-TFT) technology. A voltage scaler and self-calibrated CPs are used to reduce the static phase error, reference spur, and jitter of an LTPS-TFT PLL. This PLL operates from 5.6 to 10.5 MHz at a supply of 8.4 V. Its area is 18.9 mm2, and it consumes 7.81 mW at 10.5 MHz. The measured static phase error without and with calibration is 80 and 6.56 ns, respectively, at 10.5 MHz. The measured peak-to-peak jitter without and with calibrationis 3.573 and 2.834 ns, respectively. The measured reference spur is -26.04 and -30.2 dBc without and with calibration, respectively. The measured maximal locked time is 1.75 ms.
Performance Analysis of Available Bandwidth Estimation Algorithm Based on EWMA and Kalman Filter
Authors: Jian-hui Zhang, Bin Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Multimedia Information Networking and Security - Volume 01 (2009)

This paper proposes an algorithm for estimating available bandwidth of network nodes. The algorithm, based on statistical information of the network nodes, calculates link utilization and estimates the available bandwidth through the exponentially weighed moving average (EWMA) filter, and can thereby estimate precisely the available bandwidth of the link in the next time interval. Compared with conventional available bandwidth estimating algorithms, our algorithm is based on passive probing, rather than active probing, of statistical information of the network nodes. The results from simulation show that our algorithm estimates the available bandwidth more precisely and features simpler parameter control than do estimating algorithms using kalman filters. The estimating algorithm can be used in scenarios such as measuring and designing network routing protocols and optimizing queue scheduling algorithms, thus has high real world value.
Privacy Violations of Video Communications in a Ubiquitous Environment
Authors: Ken Sakakibara, Kunihiko Higa
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Third International Conference on Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering (2009)

Media Space is a network application in which video images are continuously sent, received, and shared by coworkers. Therefore, Media Space is considered to have a high risk of giving its users a sense of privacy violation. So far, maintaining reciprocity of the communication is considered to have the most significant effect for perceived risk of privacy violation. In this research, we implemented the cellular-phone-based connection to Media Space. However, because a cellular phone can only act as a viewer of images, the reciprocity cannot be achieved. Therefore, this implementation may increase the risk of computer users’ privacy violation by cellular phone users. Seventeen people used this application for nine months, and then a questionnaire survey was conducted. Through a questionnaire survey, we found it phenomenal that the users are less sensitive about their own privacy being violated by others, but are more sensitive about violating other people’s privacy.
Cardiac motion recovery via active trajectory field models
Authors: Andrew D. Gilliam, Frederick H. Epstein, Scott T. Acton
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine (2009)

Cardiovascular researchers are constantly developing new and innovative medical imaging technologies, striving to improve the understanding, diagnosis, and treatment of cardiovascular dysfunction.Combining these sophisticated imaging methods with advancements in image understanding via computational intelligence will continue to advance the frontier of cardiovascular medicine. Recently, researchers have turned to a new class of tissue motion imaging techniques, including displacement encoding with stimulated echoes (DENSE) in cardiac magnetic resonance (cMR) imaging, to directly quantify cardiac displacement and produce accurate spatiotemporal measurements of myocardial strain, twist, and torsion. The associated analysis of DENSE cMR and other tissue motion imagery, however, represents a major bottleneck in the study of intramyocardial mechanics. In the computational intelligence area of deformable models, this paper develops an automated motion recovery technique termed active trajectory field models (ATFMs) geared toward these new motion imaging protocols, offering quantitative physiological measurements without the pains of manual analyses. This novel generative deformable model exploits both image information and prior knowledge of cardiac motion, utilizing a point distributionmodel derived froma training set of myocardial trajectory fields to automatically recover cardiac motion froma noisy image sequence. The effectiveness of the ATFM method is demonstrated by quantifying myocardial motion in 2-D short-axis murine DENSE cMR image sequences both before and after myocardial infarction, producing results comparable to existing semiautomatic analysis methods.
Corner-Based Feature for Object Recognition
Authors: Jian Cao, Kan Li, Chunxiao Gao, Qiongxin Liu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Second International Symposium on Knowledge Acquisition and Modeling - Volume 03 (2009)

Feature extraction plays a very important role in object recognition and categorization. In this paper, we present a method for extracting corner-based feature from images. This feature is invariant to image scale and rotation, and is shown robust to addition of noise and changes in 3D viewpoint. This paper also describes an approach to using the feature for object recognition. As baselines for comparison, we implemented three additional recognition systems using signature, moment invariant and Fourier descriptor as features. They provide a good basis for judging the importance of representation in learning. The performance analysis on the obtained experimental results demonstrates that the proposed method is effective and efficient.
A genetic algorithm with modified crossover operator and search area adaptation for the job-shop scheduling problem
Authors: Masato Watanabe, Kenichi Ida, Mitsuo Gen
Venue: Computers and Industrial Engineering (2005)

The genetic algorithm with search area adaptation (GSA) has a capacity for adapting to the structure of solution space and controlling the tradeoff balance between global and local searches, even if we do not adjust the parameters of the genetic algorithm (GA), such as crossover and/or mutation rates. But, GSA needs the crossover operator that has ability for characteristic inheritance ratio control. In this paper, we propose the modified genetic algorithm with search area adaptation (mGSA) for solving the Job-shop scheduling problem (JSP). Unlike GSA, our proposed method does not need such a crossover operator. To show the effectiveness of the proposed method, we conduct numerical experiments by using two benchmark problems. It is shown that this method has better performance than existing GAs.
An achievable rate region of cooperative multiple-access channels with hybrid CF and DF cooperation
Authors: Qian Li, Kwok H. Li, Kah C. Teh
Venue: IEEE Communications Letters (2009)

In this letter, we derive an achievable rate region of a two-user cooperative multiple-access (CMA) channel where one user performs decode-and-forward (DF) cooperation and the other user performs Wyner-Ziv-type compress-and-forward (CF) cooperation. The proposed rate region is achieved using a communication scheme that applies block Markov coding at each user and backward decoding at destination. Numerical results show that for some channel scenarios, the proposed hybrid CF and DF cooperation scheme enlarges the rate region achieved by the pure DF-based cooperation scheme.
Design and Implementation of Global 3D Visualization Client Program on Intelligent Mobile Devices
Authors: X. Sun, Qing W. Hu, Hua Y. Wu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Third International Conference on Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering (2009)

Because of the limited computational resources and narrow wireless network bandwidth, it’s a great challenge to realize the similar effect of smooth roaming operations in 3D environment as Google Earth on the platform of mobile devices. Based on the researches of the characteristics of embedded systems, we used technologies of roaming step length control, motion blur, and triangle strips division to improve the efficiency of 3D rendering. And by means of local storage and minimized updating, we successfully found the balance between limited storage resources and narrow wireless network bandwidth. At last, our adoption of dynamic caching and asynchronous refreshment strategy effectively resolved the conflict between the speed and space limit in embedded systems. Finally, based on the methodologies, we implemented an experimental application program on the client side, and the experiment result proved the high efficiencies of roaming operations and wireless network data transmission.
Towards a Wireless Mobile Social Network System Design in Healthcare
Authors: Weider D. Yu, Asim Siddiqui
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Third International Conference on Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering (2009)

In today’s online social networking, one can google social network and stumble upon an array of different results. Each of these choices is often associated with a common cause for people to network. The majority of today’s social networks are focused more towards teenagers and young adults as a virtual “hangout” and discussion area. However, there is a lack in one crucial area of social networking development and that is the medical/healthcare industry. One demographic not directly accounted for in the social networking age is people with the need for acquiring medical or healthcare related information and for connecting with others on this level. In addition, web based social networks are limited to access restrictions. Users are usually required to access from a PC or laptop. This problem is slowly being taken care of with the emergence of mobile social networking. Milestone mobile devices such as the Apple iPhone and the Google/HTC G1 phone have helped jump start this transition. The paper looks into the new aspects how to design a special wireless mobile system (mCare) based on social networking platform in healthcare.
A TCP acceleration algorithm for a wireless link using rate adaptation based on round-trip-time and virtual receiver window information
Authors: Sungwon Lee, Seongsoo Park, Jaehwang Yu, Choongseon Hong
Venue: IEEE Communications Letters (2009)

FAST Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) was previously proposed for high capacity network environments with long delay, and "FAST TCP with Snoop" performs better than conventional TCP enhancements in mobile wireless network environments. However, FAST TCP has limitations when used over a dynamic mobile wireless link with a high frame error ratio (FER) and frequent delay changes due to the variable rate. We propose an enhanced TCP acceleration algorithm at the TCP sender side which efficiently adapts to the maximum transmission rate of a mobile wireless link using the round trip time (RTT) and virtual receiver window (RWND) information. The proposed algorithm provides superior performance over mobile wireless network environments.
A VB-Based Forest Field Data Collection System
Authors: Yaoxiang Li, Zhiping Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Second International Workshop on Computer Science and Engineering - Volume 02 (2009)

Forest resource inventory is very important for forest resource management. Data collection is the key in the whole process of forest resource inventory. The traditional method manually records data on the paper based sheet, which is time consuming with less precision. With the recent development of digital forestry, the traditional method no longer meets the needs of forest industry. The purpose of the paper is to develop a field data collection system for forest resource inventory using Visual Basic programming language. Object Oriented Programming (OOP) technique is applied to the system. It uses VB to design a user friendly interface, which matches the actual work needs. The interface is linked to the Access for saving the data. Install this system on PDA, the paper arrives at the target of no paper of forestry resource survey with high precision, low cost and much efficiency.
An exact error probability analysis of OFDM systems with frequency offset
Authors: Prathapasinghe Dharmawansa, Nandana Rajatheva, Hlaing Minn
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Communications (2009)

In this paper, we derive exact closed form bit error rate (BER) or symbol error rate (SER) expressions for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems with carrier frequency offset (CFO). We consider the performance of an OFDM system subject to CFO error in additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN), frequency flat and frequency selective Rayleigh fading channels. The BER/ SER performances of BPSK and QPSK modulation schemes are analyzed for AWGN and frequency-flat Rayleigh fading channels while BPSK is considered for frequency-selective Rayleigh fading channels. Our results can easily be reduced to the respective analytical error rate expressions for the OFDM systems without CFO error. Furthermore, the simulation results are provided to verify the accuracy of the new error rate expressions.
Road Traffic Flow Prediction with a Time-Oriented ARIMA Model
Authors: Honghui Dong, Limin Jia, Xiaoliang Sun, Chenxi Li, Yong Qin
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Fifth International Joint Conference on INC, IMS and IDC (2009)

The prediction of the traffic flow can give the people important traveling information. In this paper, the traffic flow prediction problem is studied. An ARIMA model is proposed for the traffic flow prediction. The ARIMA model is trained according to the different period traffic data. Based on the different period data training, the ARIMA model is refined more accuracy. The experiments show that the ARIMA model trained by the time-oriented data can reach a better result than the non time-oriented data trained model.
Dormancy Scheduling Algorithm Based on Node's Self-Adaptive Density in WSN
Authors: Yang Tao, Shudan Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Fifth International Joint Conference on INC, IMS and IDC (2009)

This paper will firstly analyze Ditian algorithm and Chi-fu Huang algorithm, pointing out the advantages and disadvantages for both of them, then propose a new algorithm called DSA combining the two algorithms, which can self-adapt its algorithm complexity and communication cost based on the density variation for the nodes in the network.