ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Including Heterogeneous Web Accessibility Guidelines in the Development Process
Authors: Myriam Arrue, Markel Vigo, Julio Abascal
Venue: Engineering Interactive Systems: EIS 2007 Joint Working Conferences, EHCI 2007, DSV-IS 2007, HCSE 2007, Salamanca, Spain, March 22-24, 2007. Selected Papers (2008)

The use of web applications has extremely increased in the last few years. However, some groups of users may experience difficulties when accessing them. Many different sets of accessibility guidelines have been developed in order to improve the quality of web interfaces. Some of them are of general purpose whereas others are specific for user, application or access device characteristics. The existing amount of heterogeneous accessibility guidelines makes it difficult to find, select and handle them in the development process. This paper proposes a flexible framework which facilitates and promotes the web accessibility awareness during all the development process. The basis of this framework is the Unified Guidelines Language (UGL), a uniform guidelines specification language developed as a result of a comprehensive study of different sets of guidelines. The main components of the framework are the guidelines management tool and the flexible evaluation module. Therefore, sharing, extending and searching for adequate accessibility guidelines as well as evaluating web accessibility according to different sets of guidelines become simpler tasks.
SuMMIT - A framework for coordinating applications execution in mobile grid environments
Authors: A. G. M. Rossetto, V. C. M. Borges, A. P. C. Silva, M. A. R. Dantas
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Grid Computing (2007)

The infrastructure of mobile grid presents some challenges to allow the interaction between mobile devices and grid environments, such as (a) applications submission and monitoring facilities in an automated and coordinated manner, (b) disconnections during execution of applications, and (c) selection of suitable grid resources for their execution. This article presents a framework, coined as SuMMIT, that employs the workflow concept for providing automated and coordinated features and a resource matching based on ontology for selecting resources for applications execution in grid configurations. A case study has demonstrated that the framework has selected more suitable resources for applications, thus, submitting them from mobile devices to a grid configuration. In addition, the SuMMIT environment provides an execution flow adjustment, in disconnection case of the mobile device, matching requirements of submitted application and options defined by the user.
The relationships between learner variables, tool-usage behaviour and performance
Authors: Lai Jiang, Jan Elen, Geraldine Clarebout
Venue: Computers in Human Behavior (2009)

A variety of learner variables have been asserted to affect learners' tool-usage behaviour. However, direct empirical evidence on which learner variables influence tool-usage behaviour and how is limited. In order to better understand the impact of learner variables on tool use, the current study investigates the relationships between learner variables, the quantitative aspects of tool-usage behaviour and its outcome (i.e., performance). More specifically, the focus is on how the variation in tool use is related to prior knowledge and goal orientation and how this variation affects performance. Tool-use data were extracted from log-file data collected in an open-ended learning environment [Clarebout, G. (2005). The enhancement of optimal tool use in open learning environments (Doctoral dissertation). Katholieke universiteit Leuven, Leuven.]. Results partly revealed the hypothesized relationships between learner variables, tool-usage behaviour (the proportion of time spent on tools) and performance. The results suggest that in order to have a more thorough understanding of the relationships between learner variables, tool-usage behaviour and learning outcomes, log-file data may need to be complemented with direct observations to acknowledge the qualitative aspects of the tool-usage behaviour (i.e., mixed method approach).
Revelation on demand
Authors: Nicolas Anciaux, Mehdi Benzine, Luc Bouganim, Philippe Pucheral, Dennis Shasha
Venue: Distributed and Parallel Databases (2009)

Private data sometimes must be made public. A corporation may keep its customer sales data secret, but reveals totals by sector for marketing reasons. A hospital keeps individual patient data secret, but might reveal outcome information about the treatment of particular illnesses over time to support epidemiological studies. In these and many other situations, aggregate data or partial data is revealed, but other data remains private. Moreover, the aggregate data may depend not only on private data but on public data as well, e.g. commodity prices, general health statistics. Our GhostDB platform allows queries that combine private and public data, produce aggregates to data warehouses for OLAP purposes, and reveal exactly what is desired, neither more nor less. We call this functionality "revelation on demand".
Anisotropic transport properties of quantum dot arrays fabricated by the edge-defined nanowires
Authors: Jong Chang Yi
Venue: Microelectronics Journal (2009)

The anisotropic transport properties of quantum dot arrays fabricated by the nanoimprinted multilayer quantum wires have been investigated. The vertical transport characteristics are estimated by the carrier capture time from the electron reservoir to the low dimensional structures, which turned out to be longer than the spontaneous emission lifetime. The lateral transport characteristics are modeled after the quantum conductance between quantum dot arrays which are readily available from the miniband structures. The resulting lateral transport revealed that lateral quantum conductance can be minimized when the Fermi level is kept at the center of the miniband gap when the gap is larger than 4kT.
A Novel Location-Based Routing Algorithm for Energy Balance in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Renyong Wu, Mingquan Chen, Yuanyuan Su, Hamad Javaid Siddiqui
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 WRI International Conference on Communications and Mobile Computing - Volume 01 (2009)

Energy balance is an important design consideration in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In this paper, based on GPSR (Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing)[1], a novel location-based routing algorithm for energy balance in wireless sensor networks is proposed to improve the energy efficiency of the routing approach with respect to both of energy level and location information. Simulations show that the algorithm performs better than GPSR in terms of packet loss rate and successfully transmitted packets. And it can also prolong the lifetime of the sensor networks.
Automated workflow control: a key to office productivity
Authors: L. S. Baumann, R. D. Coop
Venue: Proceedings of the May 19-22, 1980, national computer conference (1980)

Until the mid nineteenth century, labor in the United States and the rest of the world was primarily manual in nature. Productivity improvements were obtained by improving workflow or decreasing wages. After the start of the industrial revolution, a third variable affecting productivity arose. Mechanization (later to be called automation with the introduction of the computer) allowed product output per worker to be greatly increased. Mechanization was applied to those work tasks which were well structured and easily implementable. These areas were primarily the farm and factory manual labor activities which were very expensive in terms of manpower. Production increased sharply and continues to make steady improvement even today.
Compositional Control of IP Media
Authors: Pamela Zave, Eric Cheung
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering (2009)

In many IP media services, the media channels are point-to-point, dynamic, and set up with the participation of one or more application servers, even thou the media packets themselves travel directly between media endpoints. The application servers must be programmed so that media behavior is globally correct, even though the servers may attempt to manipulate the same media channels concurrently and without knowledge of each other. Our proposed solution to this problem of compositional media control includes an architecture-independent descriptive model, a set of high-level programming primitives, a formal specification of their compositional semantics, a signaling protocol, an implementation, and partial verification of correctness. The paper includes performance analysis, comparison to related work, and principles for making other networked applications more compositional.
Supporting Evidence-Based Compliance Evaluation for Partial Business Process Outsourcing Scenarios
Authors: Philip L. Miseldine, Ulrich Flegel, Andreas Schaad
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 Requirements Engineering and Law (2008)

We present the challenges facing businesses wishing to outsource processes to service providers who must maintain regulatory compliance via data access control procedures. We argue that it is not currently possible to capture the nec- essary agreements, and supporting evidence, pertaining to the usage of data a client may send to a service provider. As a result, the richness of evidence and controls a client has available to it reduces when they choose to use an outsourcer, therefore lessening the business value of considering service outsourcing. The paper introduces a model to clarify these issues, which is implemented against a health-care scenario, to show how data usage in an outsourcing scenario can be better captured and controlled.
Mobile Data Service - A Perceived Value Structure of Taiwan's Consumers
Authors: Kevin P. Hwang, Chia-Li Fang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 WRI International Conference on Communications and Mobile Computing - Volume 03 (2009)

This study examined mobile phone users' value perceptions of the mobile data service. The means-end chain method was employed to study the perceptive paths between attributes and consequences and value. It was found by multiple regression analysis that 31 significant paths out of 88 possible paths were established to describe the structure of value in mobile data service which indicated a flourishing Internet content environment with abundant usage functions would help consumers to use more of this service; while the identified value paths could help system developers recognize these critical elements to improve the service design and enhance the market.
The relative n-widths of Sobolev classes with restrictions
Authors: Guiqiao Xu
Venue: Journal of Approximation Theory (2009)

We consider relative widths characterizing the best approximation of a fixed set by its sections of given dimension. For Sobolev classes W"p^1 on [0,1] with restriction f(0)=0, we determine the exact orders of such widths in the spaces L"q for 1@?q@?p@?~. We also obtain the exact values of the corresponding relative widths for p=q=1,1@?q@?p=2 and p=q=~.
Cross-Layer Resource Allocation in Wireless Communications: Techniques and Models from PHY and MAC Layer Interaction
Authors: Ana I. Perez-Neira, Marc Realp Campalans
Venue:  (2008)

Resource allocation in wireless networks is traditionally approached either through information theory or communications networks. To break down the barriers between these distinct approaches, this book bridges the gap between the physical and network layers by providing cross-layer resource allocation techniques, models and methodologies. It presents resource allocation as a cross-layer design based on an optimization of MAC layer parameters within an accurate model of the PHY layer.* Unique cross-layer approach to optimising network resources by thoroughly linking the physical and MAC layer* Provides R&D and network design engineers cross-layer techniques, models and methodologies for improved quality of service the most practical book in this area on the market* Authors are from a top telecommunications research center in Barcelona
Using the extension of DEMATEL to integrate hotel service quality perceptions into a cause-effect model in uncertainty
Authors: Ming-Lang Tseng
Venue: Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal (2009)

This study proposes an evaluation approach on assessing service quality perceptions based on the fuzzy measure and extension of decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (EDEMATEL). This research comprises the perception of two study groups, namely, customers and employees, which include 22 evaluation criteria assessed by two groups from the top four English hotels in Taiwan. The human perception on service quality usually involves in imprecision and vagueness. The triangular fuzzy numbers presents the vagueness and subjectivity information, and use defuzzification method to handle the vagueness linguistic information into a crisp value. This study applies fuzzy set theory and EDEMATEL method to evaluate the interrelationships of service quality evaluation criteria and to compromise the group perceptions into a cause and effect model in uncertainty. The proposed approach is an effective method for assessing the group perceptions, and it integrates the different perceptions into a compromised cause and effect model of hotel service quality in uncertainty. The managerial implications are discussed.
Integral boundary value problems for first order integro-differential equations with deviating arguments
Authors: Guotao Wang, Guangxing Song, Lihong Zhang
Venue: Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics (2009)

This paper deals with first order integro-differential equations of mixed type with deviating arguments. We investigate the existence of solutions of such problems with integral boundary conditions by establishing a comparison result and applying the monotone iterative technique. To obtain corresponding results, we also discuss first order differential inequalities with deviating arguments. Two examples demonstrate the application of our results.
Intelligent radio monitoring system for efficient spectrum management
Authors: Hyun-Seok Yim, Yun-Ho Lee, Kyung-Seok Kim
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd WSEAS international conference on Circuits, systems, signal and telecommunications (2009)

With rapid development of communication industry, the kinds of communication service vary. According to the increasing use of radio waves, the intelligent and effective radio monitoring system needs to be developed, which is replaced for previous radio monitoring system. Next-Generation Intelligent Radio Monitoring System based on ITU-R, Rule of wireless facilities, and Radio Waves Act is used, and which can accurately and effectively function as effective radio monitoring system through spectrum analysis of channel power, frequency deviation, offset, and an occupied frequency bandwidth(99% or x-dB), about the analog and digital signal in On-Air of V/UHF bandwidth. In this paper, we proposes method of radio measurement and radio management through the radio quality measurement, unwanted electromagnetic signals(spurious, harmonic) measurement, high-speed spectrum measurement, frequency usage efficiency investigation, illegal radio exploration.
Methods, metrics and motivation for a green computer science program
Authors: Mujtaba Talebi, Thomas Way
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th ACM technical symposium on Computer science education (2009)

Computer science educators are uniquely positioned to promote greater awareness of Green Computing, using the academic setting to encourage environmentally conscious use of technology. This paper reports on practical techniques that can engage faculty and students, enabling Green Computing to be integrated into the classroom and research laboratory. Analysis and empirical evaluation of each reported technique is given, comparing the efficacy of each in terms of energy, environmental and financial cost savings. These results are provided as technological and economic evidence for the benefits of "Going Green," and to promote education in Green Computing in the classroom, department and research lab.
An enhanced uplink scheduling scheme for IEEE 802.16 metropolitan area networks
Authors: Chia-Yu Yu, Sherali Zeadally, Naveen Chilamkurti, Ce-Kuen Shieh
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Mobile Technology, Applications, and Systems (2008)

Currently, IEEE 802.16 or WiMax is becoming increasingly popular throughout the world. The IEEE 802.16 standard defines the specification for Metropolitan Area Networks. However, it does not define the scheduling schemes for different service classes. In this paper, we propose an uplink scheduling scheme called Adaptive Deficit Priority Queue (ADPQ) for IEEE 802.16 networks. ADPQ is based on one QoS parameter called Maximum Latency defined for Real-Time Polling Service (rtPS) in the standard. Our proposed scheme improves the transmission quality of rtPS by decreasing the transmission delay of rtPS packets and enhancing the throughput for rtPS in IEEE 802.16 networks. In addition, our scheme avoids the starvation of lower priority service classes due to the protection of rtPS. Our simulation results show that ADPQ reduces the delay and improves the throughput of rtPS and avoids the starvation of lower priority service classes compared with other scheduling schemes.
WSDM 2009 conference review
Authors: Mark Kröll
Venue: Issue Spring (March 2009) (2009)

The 2nd ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining was held in the Catalan capital Barcelona, Spain, from February 9th to 12th and chances are good that many will follow. The venue was located on the 3rd floor of the 'Imagina Building' which hosts Yahoo! Research Barcelona as well. The majority of the people knew each other well and some of them just dropped by to meet friends and to say hello. The atmosphere throughout the conference was a pleasant one fostered by the circumstances that had led to the creation of the WSDM conference series in the first place: to bring together a small community of people with the specific focus on the topics 'Web Search' and 'Data Mining', topics not being entirely covered by other major conferences in this combination. The number of attendees totaled 225 including workshop participants. The conference featured 29 full papers (acceptance rate of ~16%) which had to pass a rigorous, two-stage review process. This year the session themes were Web Search, Classification & Clustering, Web Mining, User Interaction, Web Ranking and Graph Mining & Web Content.
A computer-supported learning system to help teachers to teach Fuzzy Information Retrieval Systems
Authors: E. Herrera-Viedma, A. G. López-Herrera, S. Alonso, J. M. Moreno, F. J. Cabrerizo, C. Porcel
Venue: Information Retrieval (2009)

This paper describes a computer-supported learning system to teach students the principles and concepts of Fuzzy Information Retrieval Systems based on weighted queries. This tool is used to support the teacher's activity in the degree course Information Retrieval Systems Based on Artificial Intelligence at the Faculty of Library and Information Sciences at the University of Granada. Learning of languages of weighted queries in Fuzzy Information Retrieval Systems is complex because it is very difficult to understand the different semantics that could be associated to the weights of queries together with their respective strategies of query evaluation. We have developed and implemented this computer-supported education system because it allows to support the teacher's activity in the classroom to teach the use of weighted queries in FIRSs and it helps students to develop self-learning processes on the use of such queries. We have evaluated the performance of its use in the learning process according to the students' perceptions and their results obtained in the course's exams. We have observed that using this software tool the students learn better the management of the weighted query languages and then their performance in the exams is improved.
Definition and application of approximate necessary assignments
Authors: Irith Pomeranz, Sudhakar M. Reddy
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th ACM Great Lakes symposium on VLSI (2009)

A necessary assignment for a fault f is a line value that must be assigned by a test vector that detects f. A higher number of necessary assignments translates into a lower test generation effort since the test generation process has a larger number of values that it must assign, and therefore, fewer options that it can explore. To increase the number of available necessary assignments, we define approximate necessary assignments as line values that are assigned by most of the test vectors for a fault. We describe a heuristic procedure for computing approximate necessary assignments for inputs and demonstrate their effectiveness in reducing the test generation effort of a random test generation process.
A sparse preconditioned iterative method for vibration analysis of geometrically mistuned bladed disks
Authors: Vladislav Ganine, Mathias Legrand, Hannah Michalska, Christophe Pierre
Venue: Computers and Structures (2009)

In this paper, the Static Mode Compensation method to predict geometrical mistuning effects on the response of bladed disks is reviewed and its limitations are analyzed. This method proved to be effective only for narrow clusters of modes under localized low rank perturbation. A new algorithm is introduced to address its deficiencies that draws on optimal preconditioned methods for generalized eigenvalue problem featuring sparse matrix vector multiplications, being more attractive under limited memory constraints of multi-millon DOF FEM models. The central idea of the SMC is to correct nominal eigenspace using modal acceleration method. It has been extended here by replacing the quasi-static set of modes with inexact solutions of the linear Jacobi-Davidson correction equations. Some heuristic strategies are discussed to lower the computational effort given the block-circulant structure of the nominal system. Numerical experiments on an industrial scale bladed disk model show that this leads to a very competitive tool. Computational performance and accuracy of both methods is compared in two areas of spectrum. The study demonstrates low accuracy of SMC method in the modal interaction zone, while validating efficiency and accuracy of the new algorithm in both areas.
The NRC Takes on Data Mining, Behavioral Surveillance, and Privacy
Authors: Susan Landau
Venue: IEEE Security and Privacy (2009)

The US National Research Council has tackled a big set of issues: preserving privacy in the face of data mining and behavioral surveillance programs that are being used in the US government's fight against terrorists. It has come up with commonsense solutions: evaluate the programs for effectiveness, lawfulness, and consistency with US values, and start simultaneously examining US laws, regulations, and policies protecting privacy about whether these suffice in the face of new technologies. The report has valuable and important recommendations and should be read, paid attention to, and followed.
Improving the Performance and Scalability of Differential Evolution
Authors: Antony W. Iorio, Xiaodong Li
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Simulated Evolution and Learning (2008)

Differential Evolution (DE) is a powerful optimization procedure that self-adapts to the search space, although DE lacks diversity and sufficient bias in the mutation step to make efficient progress on non-separable problems. We present an enhancement to Differential Evolution that introduces greater diversity. The new DE approach demonstrates fast convergence towards the global optimum and is highly scalable in the decision space.