ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Large Buffer Asymptotics for Fluid Queues with Heterogeneous M/G/&infin; Weibullian Inputs
Authors: Nikolay Likhanov, Ravi R. Mazumdar, Ozcan Ozturk
Venue: Queueing Systems: Theory and Applications (2003)

In this paper we consider a generalization of the so called M/G/&infin; model where M types of sessions enter a buffer. The instantaneous rates of the sessions are functions of the occupancy of an M/G/&infin; system with Weibullian G distributions. In particular we assume that a session of type i transmits ri cells per unit time and lasts for a random time &tau; with a Weibull distribution given by Pr&thinsp;(&tau;>x)&sim;e&minus;&gamma;ix&alpha;i, where 0<&alpha;i<1, &gamma;i>0. We show that the complementary buffer occupancy distribution for large buffer size is Weibullian whose parameters can be determined as the solution of a deterministic nonlinear knapsack problem. For &alpha;i<0.5, upper and lower bound factors are determined. When specialized to the homogeneous case, i.e., when all the sessions are identical, the result coincides with a lower bound reported in the literature.
"Are We There Yet?" An Exploratory Relationship between National Information Infrastructure Expenditures, Infrastructure Development, and Service-Sector Productivity
Authors: Pratim Datta, Victor Wacham A. Mbarika
Venue: Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 37th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'04) - Track 8 - Volume 8 (2004)

The worldwide scramble for information expenditures in order to gain productive advantage has been an issue of interest for both national policymakers and researchers. Yet little attention has been paid towards the dimensions of the productivity process, including the time lag between investments and returns. This paper illuminates the dimensions by disaggregating information investments into information expenditures and information infrastructure development. Based on past literature, this study uses service-sector productivity as a logicaloutcome of information expenditures. We contend that productivity follows a path from information expenditures through information infrastructure to service-sector productivity. A conceptual framework is developed and empirically examined using a time-lagged longitudinal dataset of 60 countries equally grouped into 3 income categories is then developed. The empirical examination reveals that information infrastructure development does indeed mediate the path between information investments and service sector productivity- supported by the discriminating evidence in the productivity path between the country categories. We finally discuss the results and implications.
Accurate and Efficient Floating Point Summation
Authors: James Demmel, Yozo Hida
Venue: SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing (2003)

We present and analyze several simple algorithms for accurately computing the sum of n floating point numbers using a wider accumulator. Let f and F be the number of significant bits in the summands and the accumulator, respectively. Then assuming gradual underflow, no overflow, and round-to-nearest arithmetic, up to approximately 2F-f numbers can be added accurately by simply summing the terms in decreasing order of exponents, yielding a sum correct to within about 1.5 units in the last place (ulps). We apply this result to the floating point formats in the IEEE floating point standard. For example, a dot product of single precision vectors of length at most 33 computed using double precision and sorting is guaranteed correct to nearly 1.5 ulps. If double-extended precision is used, the vector length can be as large as 65,537. We also investigate how the cost of sorting can be reduced or eliminated while retaining accuracy.
Teaching software engineering in the computer science curriculum
Authors: W. S. Curran
Venue: ACM SIGCSE Bulletin (2003)

The goals of computer science department and software engineering courses are not always clear as they could be, and exactly how much of a computer science curriculum should be spent on software engineering topics at the expense of topics with more immediate relevance to computer science majors is far from clear. Computer science students are sometimes skeptical about the relevance of software engineering course topics, particularly those who have had some experience in industry. They report that the techniques and procedures covered in standard software engineering texts are seldom used in industry. There is not enough communication between Industry and Academia, and graduates often must be re-trained for their new jobs. This is a proposal for a modification in the approach to software engineering education for computer science majors, and for clarification of the goals of computer science programs, and calls for procedures to increase the relevancy of computer science and software engineering courses to meet the needs of industry.
Evolution as the blind engineer: wiring minimization in the brain (Abstract only)
Authors: Dmitri Chklovskii
Venue: Proceedings of the 2004 international workshop on System level interconnect prediction (2004)

Human brain is a network containing hundred billion neurons, each communicating with several thousand others. Neuronal communications are implemented by biological wiring, which draw on limited resources such as space, time and energy. This suggests that evolution must have solved VLSI-design-like problems. We analyzed multiple features of brain architectures and found that they could be explained as solutions to optimal design problems. We found examples of optimization in component placement, branched routing, overcoming wiring congestion, and interconnect width variation. Such approach leads to a systematic view of the brain architecture, which should help understand brain function.
Strategies for interaction in construction 3
Authors: Tony Myatt
Venue: Organised Sound (2002)

This paper describes the interactive strategies adopted during the composition and realisation of construction 3 for soprano saxophone and multiple media, by Tony Myatt and Peter Fluck. This work is an interactive multiple media composition for computer, computer-enhanced saxophone and computer graphics projected onto irregularly shaped screens. Derivation of the performer sensing system and mapping strategies to control signal processing, computer generated materials and communication gestures between the performer and computer are described. These processes include generative mapping techniques using neural networks for the recognition of gestural information and the development and application of wireless, wearable sensing technology. This work is described as a holistic approach to the derivation of performer sensing, data mapping and the application of reactive and interactive processes in the context of the creation of a new musical and multiple media composition.
Development of fuzzy regression models using genetic algorithms
Authors: A. V. Mogilenko, D. A. Pavlyuchenko, V. Z. Manusov
Venue: International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems (2003)

This paper presents the comparative study for fuzzy regression model using linear programming and fuzzy regression model using genetic algorithms. Two cases were considered: crisp X - crisp Y and crisp X - fuzzy Y. Simulation was carried out with a tool developed in MATLAB.
A general reconstruction algorithm for simulating flows with complex 3D immersed boundaries on Cartesian grids
Authors: A. Gilmanov, F. Sotiropoulos, E. Balaras
Venue: Journal of Computational Physics (2003)

In the present note a general reconstruction algorithm for simulating incompressible flows with complex immersed boundaries on Cartesian grids is presented. In the proposed method an arbitrary three-dimensional solid surface immersed in the fluid is discretized using an unstructured, triangular mesh, and all the Cartesian grid nodes near the interface are identified. Then, the solution at these nodes is reconstructed via linear interpolation along the local normal to the body, in a way that the desired boundary conditions for both pressure and velocity fields are enforced. The overall accuracy of the resulting solver is second-order, as it is demonstrated in two test cases involving laminar flow past a sphere.
Proof nets and explicit substitutions
Authors: Roberto Di Cosmo, Delia Kesner, Emmanuel Polonovski
Venue: Mathematical Structures in Computer Science (2003)

We refine the simulation technique introduced in Di Cosmo and Kesner (1997) to show strong normalisation of $\l$-calculi with explicit substitutions via termination of cut elimination in proof nets (Girard 1987). We first propose a notion of equivalence relation for proof nets that extends the one in Di Cosmo and Guerrini (1999), and show that cut elimination modulo this equivalence relation is terminating. We then show strong normalisation of the typed version of the $\ll$-calculus with de Bruijn indices (a calculus with full composition defined in David and Guillaume (1999)) using a translation from typed $\ll$ to proof nets. Finally, we propose a version of typed $\ll$ with named variables, which helps to give a better understanding of the complex mechanism of the explicit weakening notation introduced in the $\ll$-calculus with de Bruijn indices (David and Guillaume 1999).
Flash finally hits the big screen
Authors: Sandro M. Corsaro
Venue: ACM SIGGRAPH 2003 Web Graphics (2003)

Flash will play an integral role in the future of 2-D animation. Already the mainstay of animation for the web, Flash has slowly been flexing its production muscles on television. Studios such as Warner Bros., Comedy Central, and Cartoon Network have just given the green light to several flash productions. As flash creeps onto the small screen, artists and executives are starting to find a common middle ground to get flash feature film productions off the ground, the bottom line. Utilizing proper asset management and creative multitasking, television and feature animation work done in Flash can drive down the cost of animation to mere fractions of its traditional counterpart. The key to deriving such low costs comes from understanding how to economize the artwork, a technique that heralds back to optimizing flash animation for web delivery.
Detection of the mucosal wave in the speech signal for larynx pathology characterization
Authors: P. Gómez, V. Nieto, R. Martínez, A. Álvarez, F. Rodríguez, V. Rodellar
Venue: Proceedings of the 1st international symposium on Information and communication technologies (2003)

Voice pathologies are becoming a frequent cause of social concern due to the increasing exposure of people to certain pathogenic factors as smoking, gastro-esopharyngeal reflux, or to voice overload (professional speakers as teachers or call-centre employees), besides other natural factors as aging. Its social impact is of most importance, not only from the economical point of view, but also at the professional and personal levels. Early detection of voice pathologies can lead to less aggressive treatments, and combined with monitoring voice changes, is vital to improve patient's chances on a normal daily life after treatment. The present paper shows the application of well-known signal processing methods in improving early diagnosis of vocal fold pathologies by extracting better estimates of the glottal pulse patterns amenable of becoming biomechanical correlates for third-generation advanced computer-aided diagnose systems. These tools could be used in the implantation of e-health services to link Primary Attention Services and Specialised Attention Units providing access to patient screening, tele-consulting, and specialized databases.
Artificial intelligence methods used in the investigation of polymers properties
Authors: T. Rusu, M. Pinteala, V. Bulacovschi
Venue: Proceedings of the international conference on Computational methods in sciences and engineering (2003)

This paper deals with the use of Artificial Intelligence Methods (AI) in the process of designing new molecules possessing desired physical, chemical and biological properties. This is an important and difficult problem in the chemical, material and pharmaceutical industries. The traditional methods involves a laborious and expensive trial-and-error procedure, but there is of a considerable importance the development of computer-assisted approaches towards the automation of molecular design.
A Compact Low-Power Buffer Amplifier with Dynamic Bias Control Technique
Authors: Chih-Jen Yen, Wen-Yaw Chung, Mely Chen Chi
Venue: Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on VLSI Design (2004)

This work presents a novel dynamic bias controltechnique to verify the circuit performance of the low-powerrail-to-rail input/output buffer amplifier, whichcan be operating in strong inversion or weak inversionregion for different design specifications. This outputbuffer is well suited to be integrated with a digital-to-analog converter because of the small die area of 0.01 mm2 and low power consumption of 3.07 µW. Fordifferent system applications, this proposed circuittechnique could be implemented to provide the ICdesigners a quick method of reliable validation toreduce the risks of new product and time to market.
Collocation and Fredholm equations of the first kind
Authors: G. Hanna, J. Roumeliotis
Venue: Proceedings of the international conference on Computational methods in sciences and engineering (2003)

A great many problems in the fields of engineering and science can be modelled with partial differential equations. If these problems involve some well defined region, Ω, with known conditions on the boundary Γ, then the equations can be transformed into a Fredholm integral equation of the first or second kind. In this chapter we will consider equations of the first kind.
Razor: A Low-Power Pipeline Based on Circuit-Level Timing Speculation
Authors: Dan Ernst, Nam Sung Kim, Shidhartha Das, Sanjay Pant, Rajeev Rao, Toan Pham, Conrad Ziesler, David Blaauw, Todd Austin, Krisztian Flautner, Trevor Mudge
Venue: Proceedings of the 36th annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture (2003)

With increasing clock frequencies and silicon integration,power aware computing has become a critical concernin the design of embedded processors and systems-on-chip.One of the more effective and widely used methods for power-awarecomputing is dynamic voltage scaling (DVS). In orderto obtain the maximum power savings from DVS, it is essentialto scale the supply voltage as low as possible while ensuringcorrect operation of the processor. The critical voltage ischosen such that under a worst-case scenario of process andenvironmental variations, the processor always operates correctly.However, this approach leads to a very conservativesupply voltage since such a worst-case combination of differentvariabilities will be very rare. In this paper, we propose anew approach to DVS, called Razor, based on dynamic detectionand correction of circuit timing errors. The key idea ofRazor is to tune the supply voltage by monitoring the errorrate during circuit operation, thereby eliminating the need forvoltage margins and exploiting the data dependence of circuitdelay. A Razor flip-flop is introduced that double-samplespipeline stage values, once with a fast clock and again with atime-borrowing delayed clock. A metastability-tolerant comparatorthen validates latch values sampled with the fastclock. In the event of a timing error, a modified pipeline mispeculationrecovery mechanism restores correct programstate. A prototype Razor pipeline was designed in 0.18 µmtechnology and was analyzed. Razor energy overheads duringnormal operation are limited to 3.1%. Analyses of a full-custommultiplier and a SPICE-level Kogge-Stone addermodel reveal that substantial energy savings are possible forthese devices (up to 64.2%) with little impact on performancedue to error recovery (less than 3%).
Data Reuse Analysis Technique for Software-Controlled Memory Hierarchies
Authors: Ilya Issenin, Erik Brockmeyer, Miguel Miranda, Nikil Dutt
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe - Volume 1 (2004)

In multimedia and other streaming applications a significant portion of energy is spent on data transfers. Exploiting data reuse opportunities in the application, we can reduce this energy by making copies of frequently used data in a small local memory and replacing speed and power inefficient transfers from main off-chip memory by more efficient local data transfers. In this paper we present an automated approach for analyzing these opportunities in a program that allows modification of the program to use custom scratch pad memory configurations comprising a hierarchical set of buffers for local storage of frequently reused data. Using our approach we are able to reduce energy consumption of the memory subsystem when using ascratch pad memory by a factor of two on average compared to a cache of the same size.
RChord: An Enhanced Chord System Resilient to Routing Attacks
Authors: Dong Xuan, Sriram Chellappan, Muralidhar Krishnamoorthy
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 International Conference on Computer Networks and Mobile Computing (2003)

In this paper, we propose a variant of Chord system that is resilient to routing attacks. By routing attacks, we mean the attacks which detour the looking up messages, aiming to disruptthe performance of data look-up systems by increasing the path length of queries. Chord routes messages uni-directionally and has no bi-directional edges. While its performance in theabsence of routing attacks is acceptable, it degrades dramatically under routing attacks. Following this observation, we introduce the concept of reverse edges to the Chord system. We named the new Chord system as RChord. We propose several deterministic and randomized algorithms to construct reverse edges. We design a routing algorithm for the new system, which is simple, efficient and backward compatible with the original system. We thenanalyze the performance of the RChord under routing attacks. We find that its performance is significantly improved in terms of average path length, even by adding very few reverse edges.
Technical efficiency-based selection of learning cases to improve forecasting accuracy of neural networks under monotonicity assumption
Authors: Parag C. Pendharkar, James A. Rodger
Venue: Decision Support Systems (2003)

In this paper, we show that when an artificial neural network (ANN) model is used for learning monotonic forecasting functions, it may be useful to screen training data so the screened examples approximately satisfy the monotonicity property. We show how a technical efficiency-based ranking, using the data envelopment analysis (DEA) model, and a predetermined monotonicity property can be identified. Using a health care forecasting problem, the monotonicity assumption, and a predetermined threshold efficiency level, we use DEA to split training data into two mutually exclusive, "efficient" and "inefficient", training data subsets. We compare the performance of the ANN by using the "efficient" and "inefficient" training data subsets. Our results indicate that the predictive performance of an ANN that is trained on the "efficient" training data subset is higher than the predictive performance of an ANN that is trained on the "inefficient" training data subset.
Guest Editors' Introduction: Power-Aware Computing
Authors: Mircea R. Stan, Kevin Skadron
Venue: Computer (2003)

Performance, complexity, cost, and power tradeoffs have created exciting challenges and opportunities in the rapidly changing field of power-aware computing.
ERP Life Cycle Implementation, Management and Support: Implications for Practice and Research
Authors: She-I Chang
Venue: Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 37th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'04) - Track 8 - Volume 8 (2004)

This paper reports on exploratory, descriptive and comparative analyses of client-centred major issues, from the perspectives of individuals who have been directly and substantively involved with SAP Financials in five closely related government agencies. A three-round, non-anonymous, Delphi-type, open-survey was adopted using personalised email with attached survey instruments. To support the interpretation of study findings, a series of interviews and domain experts' workshops were conducted during and after the Delphi survey rounds. Implications for practice and research are discussed. The study also makes interesting methodological observations, suggesting pitfalls and possible improvements when employing a Delphi-type survey approach in similar or more traditional IS key issues studies.
CVD TiN layers as diffusion barrier films on porous SiO2 aerogel
Authors: J. Bonitz, S. E. Schulz, T. Gessner
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2003)

In this work the compatibility of MOCVD TiN barrier films on porous SiO2 aerogel as low-k dielectric was investigated. The continuity, roughness, and sheet resistance, Rs, of the barrier as well as the electrical properties of the aerogel were investigated. A continuous TiN barrier on uncapped and PECVD SiN capped aerogel exists at 30 and ≤20 nm, respectively. The high surface roughness of the TiN is caused by the aerogel layer. TiN penetration into uncapped aerogel was detected in the interface region, whereas capped low-k material shows no interaction with the barrier film.
Verifying linear time temporal logic properties of concurrent Ada programs with quasar
Authors: S. Evangelista, C. Kaiser, J. F. Pradat-Peyre, P. Rousseau
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 annual ACM SIGAda international conference on Ada: the engineering of correct and reliable software for real-time & distributed systems using ada and related technologies (2003)

In this paper we present an original and useful way for specifying and verifying temporal properties of concurrent programs with our tool named Quasar. Quasar is based on ASIS and uses formal methods (model checking). Properties that can be checked are either general, like deadlock or fairness, or more context specific, referring to tasks states or to value of variables; properties are then expressed in temporal logic. In order to simplify the expression of these properties, we define some templates that can be instantiated with specific items of the programs. We demonstrate the usefulness of these templates by verifying subtle variations of the Peterson algorithm. Thus, although Quasar uses up-to-date formal methods it remains accessible to a large class of practitioners.
Programming structures for adaptive ambient systems
Authors: Paddy Nixon, Feng Wang, Sotirios Terzis
Venue: Proceedings of the 1st international symposium on Information and communication technologies (2003)

Schimdt observes that programming language design is about identifying the appropriate abstractions for the domain of the application; in essence, capturing the unique features of the domain or paradigm in the language. In the area of Ambient (or Ubiquitous) computing, much work has been done on the development of point-examples of technology highlighting the potentials of ambient systems. Much of this work relies on the implicit descriptions of context and the adaptation within the systems is premised on knowledge of this contextual data. In this paper we take the lead from programming language design and present a context flow language that allows the developer to abstract the contextual characteristics of a given application away from the "intent" of the program. Essentially providing a contract for a given application that facilitates the adaptation to a given environment.
Managing audio with Pd
Authors: Peter Todd
Venue: Linux Journal (2003)

Make your band sound like a symphony orchestra from Uranus with this drag-and-drop sound processing tool.