ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Teachers' Appreciation of a Collaborative Environment on LOs
Authors: Emanuela Busetti, Giuliana Dettori, Paola Forcheri, Maria Grazia Ierardi
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (2006)

Learning Objects (LOs) can be a valuable tool to diffuse pedagogical innovation among teachers. We suggest that LOs repositories should be structured so to become a means to improve the pedagogical quality of teachers' work, and motivate them to get involved both as users and co-constructors. In this paper we describe LODE (Learning Objects Discussion Environment) a collaborative environment where users share their experience on LOs by commenting the items in the repository, expliciting relations among them and contributing new LOs. A prototype was used with a group of trainee high school teachers. The outcomes of this experience show novice teachers' interest and appreciation for this approach.
Estimation for processes with mixed spectra
Authors: S. Kay, V. Nagesha
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1993. ICASSP-93 Vol 4., 1993 IEEE International Conference on - Volume 04 (1993)

Statistical inference for mixed spectral problems based on a parametric time series is studied. The model used here, called the CARD model, represents the underlying random process as the sum of an autoregressive process and sinusoids. An iterative algorithm to implement efficiently the maximum likelihood estimator of the unknown model parameters is presented. This enables investigation of practical issues such as accuracy of parameter estimates, selection of model orders, and sensitivity and robustness of the spectral estimates to modeling inaccuracies.
Approaches for modeling individuals within organizational simulations
Authors: Eva Hudlicka, Greg Zacharias
Venue: Proceedings of the 36th conference on Winter simulation (2004)

The human behavior modeling community has traditionally been divided into those addressing individual behavior models, and those addressing organizational and team models. And yet it is clear that these extremes do not reflect the complex reality of the mutually-constraining interactions between an individual and his/her organizational environment. In this paper we argue that realistic models of organizations may require not only models of individual decision-makers, but also explicit models of a variety of individual differences influencing their decision-making and behavior (e.g., cognitive styles, personality traits, and affective states). Following a brief review of individual differences and cognitive architectures research, we describe two alternative approaches to modeling the individual within an organizational simulation: a cognitive architecture and a profile-based social network. We illustrate each approach with concrete examples from existing prototypes.
Toward a General Logicist Methodology for Engineering Ethically Correct Robots
Authors: Selmer Bringsjord, Konstantine Arkoudas, Paul Bello
Venue: IEEE Intelligent Systems (2006)

It's hard to deny that robots will become increasingly capable and that humans will increasinglyexploit these capabilities by deploying them in ethically sensitive environments, such as hospitals, whereethically incorrect robot behavior could have dire consequences for humans. How can we ensure that suchrobots will always behave in an ethically correct manner? How can we know ahead of time, via rationalesexpressed clearly in natural language, that their behavior will be constrained specifically by the ethicalcodes selected by human overseers? In general, one approach is to insist that robots only perform actionsthat can be proved ethically permissible in a human-selected deontic logic--that is, a logic thatformalizes an ethical code. Ethicists themselves work by rendering ethical theories and dilemmas indeclarative form and reasoning over this information using informal and formal logic. The authors describea logicist methodology in general terms, free of any commitment to particular systems, and show it solvinga challenge regarding robot behavior in an intensive care unit.This article is part of a special issue on Machine Ethics.
RBAC-Based Access Control Framework for ensuring Privacy in Ubiquitous Computing
Authors: Sung-Ho Hong, Eun-Ae Cho, Chang-Joo Moon, Doo-Kwon Baik
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 International Conference on Hybrid Information Technology - Volume 01 (2006)

The Ubiquitous computing Environment is an environment that freely shares all data anytime, anywhere, and through any device without considering constraints. However, the personal or private information in ubiquitous computing could be disclosed, shared from anyone, or used maliciously without consent from the owner of the data. Thus, Privacy is one of the major issues in such an environment. Of many security methods, which are able to protect the privacy, The Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) model, a typical access control model within the enterprise environment, has been widely studied, applied to various applications, and implemented. However, much existing research for access control has not solved the privacy concerns within ubiquitous computing. This paper proposes a method and framework of user-centric and efficient access control to handle personal privacy within ubiquitous computing environment by using both proposed model based on core component of RBAC model and privacy policies.
Visualisation Based Feedback Control for Multiple Sensor Fusion
Authors: Gui Yun Tian, Duke Gledhill
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on Information Visualization (2006)

This paper presents a new approach for adaptive weighting schemes for multiple sensor fusion by using visualisation feedback control. A visualisation schema is used to coordinate the information content capture of different features from multiple sensors. The end-users can interact with the training sample distribution to obtain weights for the sensor data fusion and decision making. Based on the proposed fusion approach, some applications such as audiovisual biometric authentication and multi-modal surface measurement are discussed.
The Timing of Action-Monitoring Processes in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex
Authors: Vincent Van Veen, Cameron S. Carter
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2002)

The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) has been shown to respond to conflict between simultaneously active, incompatible response tendencies. This area is active during high-conflict correct trials and also when participants make errors. Here, we use the temporal resolution of high-density event-related potentials (ERPs) in combination with source localization to investigate the timing of ACC activity during conflict and error detection. We predicted that the same area of the ACC is active prior to high-conflict correct responses and following erroneous responses. Dipole modeling supported this prediction: The frontocentral N2, occurring prior to the response on correct conflict trials, and the ERN, occurring immediately following error responses, could both be modeled as having a generator in the caudal ACC, suggesting the same process to underlie both peaks. Modeling further suggested that the rostral area of the ACC was also active following errors, but later in time, contributing to the error positivity (PE), and peaking at 200-250 msec following the ERN peak. Despite the inherent limitations of source localization, these data may begin to shed light on the timing of action-monitoring processes. First, the time course of caudal ACC activity follows the time course as predicted by the conflict theory of this region. Second, caudal ACC activity might be temporally dissociated from rostral ACC activity during error trials, which possibly reflects a separate, affective component of the evaluative functions of the ACC.
A User Reputation Model for a User-Interactive Question Answering System
Authors: Wei Chen, Qingtian Zeng, Liu Wenyin
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Semantics, Knowledge, and Grid (2006)

In this paper, we propose a user reputation model and use it for a user-interactive question answering system. It combines the social network analysis approach and the user rating approach. Social network analysis is applied to analyze the impact of participant users' relations to their reputations. User rating is used to acquire direct judgment of a user's reputation based on other users' experiences with this user. Preliminary experiments show that the computed reputations based on our proposed reputation model can reflect the actual reputations of the simulated roles and therefore can fit well in our user-interactive question answering system.
A comparative study of sequential and simultaneous auctions
Authors: Shaheen S. Fatima
Venue: Proceedings of the fifth international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems (2006)

This paper compares the sequential and simultaneous auctions for the following scenario. There are multiple similar objects for sale, each object is sold in a separate auction, and each bidder needs only one object. We use English auction rules and first determine equilibrium bidding strategies for the simultaneous and sequential cases. We do this for both common and private value objects by treating a bidder's information about these values as uncertain. We then consider the case where the private and common values have a uniform distribution and compare the two mechanisms in terms of three key properties: a bidder's ex-ante expected profit, the auctioneer's expected cumulative revenue, and the total expected surplus. For both common and private value objects, our study shows the following result. The expected cumulative revenue and the expected total surplus is higher for the sequential mechanism. However, a bidder's ex-ante expected profit depends on the number of objects being auctioned and the number of participating bidders, and it is sometimes higher for the sequential mechanism and sometimes for the simultaneous one.
Architectural Support for Software Transactional Memory
Authors: Bratin Saha, Ali-Reza Adl-Tabatabai, Quinn Jacobson
Venue: Proceedings of the 39th Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture (2006)

Transactional memory provides a concurrency control mechanism that avoids many of the pitfalls of lock-based synchronization. Researchers have proposed several different implementations of transactional memory, broadly classified into software transactional memory (STM) and hardware transactional memory (HTM). Both approaches have their pros and cons: STMs provide rich and flexible transactional semantics on stock processors but incur significant overheads. HTMs, on the other hand, provide high performance but implement restricted semantics or add significant hardware complexity. This paper is the first to propose architectural support for accelerating transactions executed entirely in software. We propose instruction set architecture (ISA) extensions and novel hardware mechanisms that improve STM performance. We adapt a high-performance STM algorithm supporting rich transactional semantics to our ISA extensions (called hardware accelerated software transactional memory or HASTM). HASTM accelerates fully virtualized nested transactions, supports language integration, and provides both object-based and cache-line based conflict detection. We have implemented HASTM in an accurate multi-core IA32 simulator. Our simulation results show that (1) HASTM single-thread performance is comparable to a conventional HTM implementation; (2) HASTM scaling is comparable to a STM implementation; and (3) HASTM is resilient to spurious aborts and can scale better than HTM in a multi-core setting. Thus, HASTM provides the flexibility and rich semantics of STM, while giving the performance of HTM.
An Automatic Approach for Pixel-wise Correspondence between 3D Faces
Authors: Xun Gong, Guoyin Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 International Conference on Hybrid Information Technology - Volume 02 (2006)

The crucial assumption of most of the model-based face analysis techniques is that any face can be generated by linear combinations of few faces. However, linear operations-Csuch as a simple pixelby- pixel addition of raw faces, are meaningless until pixel-wise correspondence of the 3D faces have been established. To overcome limitation of conventional mesh re-sampling algorithm, in this paper, we presented a fully automatic resolution, which can decrease the number of vertices and triangles while establishing correspondence between 3D faces. Based on facial features, a 3D face is segmented into 36 patches automatically at first. Each patch is then resampled to obtain a standardized patch, the same number of vertices with the template. At last, triangularly grid meshes are reconstructed for each patch individually and finally a standardized face is created by concatenating all the re-sampled patches. The experiment results show that without the complex iteration, our system is able to run quickly (resampling procedure costs less than one second) and obtain standardized 3D faces of different resolutions.
The Case-Based Reasoning System for Knowledge Management of Engineering Consulting Projects
Authors: Chengter Ho, Jiang-Jing Chen
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Inteligence for Modelling Control and Automation and International Conference on Intelligent Agents Web Technologies and International Commerce (2006)

Retaining the knowledge acquired from each project is one of the major competitive advantages for engineering consultant industry. The traditional repository of a knowledge management system provides the memory for all the projects done by the company. But, due to the business nature of the industry, the knowledge is dispersed from design and planning for a highway construction project to auditing of sewage constructing project. The retrieval of knowledge becomes a less meaningful search through thousands of documents. The objective of this study is to design a case-based reasoning system with more accurate retrieval technology via object-oriented methodology. The object-oriented frame was designed to organize the knowledge acquired throughout the lifecycle of the engineering projects. The engineering knowledge store in the system can be retrieved in a more precise way through the specification of the object class. The prototype system is constructed by using the java technology. Tomcat server and mySQL are used as the application and database servers.
Searching for Pattern Rules
Authors: Guichong Li, Howard J. Hamilton
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Data Mining (2006)

We address the problem of finding a set of pattern rules, from a transaction dataset given a statistical metric. A new data structure, called an incrementally counting suffix tree (ICST), is proposed for online computation of estimates of the support of any pattern or itemset. Using an ICST, our approach directly generates a set of pattern rules by a single scan of the whole dataset in partitions without the generation of frequent itemsets. Non-redundant rules can be found by removing redundancies from the pattern rules. The PPMCR algorithm first finds pattern rules and then non-redundant rules by generating valid candidates while traversing the ICST. Experimental results show that the PPMCR algorithm can be used for efficiently mining fewer non-redundant rules.
Optimizing Instruction Using Adaptive Hypermedia
Authors: Alessandro Assis, Michael Danchak, Linda Polhemus
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (2006)

How do you optimize instruction in an adaptive hypermedia learning environment? We believe instruction is optimized when adaptivity is grounded in good instructional design. To respect diverse talents and ways of learning, our cyclic approach to instructional design is the basis upon which inference techniques can be applied to continuously adapt instruction according to learning behavior and performance. We define an individual's learning behavior in terms of how they interact with the environment (i.e links activated, pages visited, time spent, and frequency of visits). This paper describes the OctoPlus.. cycle and presents results of an experiment comparing two groups interacting with OctoPlus-formatted tutorials: a control and an adaptive group, to whom adaptive navigation, presentation and content features were added over time. Results indicated reduction in time spent for the adaptive group with comparable performance in the fully adaptive tutorial.
Adaptive Data Fusion for Energy Efficient Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Hong Luo, Jun Luo, Yonghe Liu, Sajal K. Das
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (2006)

While in-network data fusion can reduce data redundancy and, hence, curtail network load, the fusion process itself may introduce significant energy consumption for emerging wireless sensor networks with vectorial data and/or security requirements. Therefore, fusion-driven routing protocols for sensor networks cannot optimize over communication cost only—fusion cost must also be accounted for. In our prior work [2], while a randomized algorithm termed MFST is devised toward this end, it assumes that fusion shall be performed at any intersection node whenever data streams encounter. In this paper, we design a novel routing algorithm, called Adaptive Fusion Steiner Tree (AFST), for energy efficient data gathering. Not only does AFST jointly optimize over the costs for both data transmission and fusion, but also AFST evaluates the benefit and cost of data fusion along information routes and adaptively adjusts whether fusion shall be performed at a particular node. Analytically and experimentally, we show that AFST achieves better performance than existing algorithms, including SLT, SPT, and MFST.
A New Multimedia Content Skimming Method Based on Speech Emphasis Extraction and Its Application to Content Variations
Authors: Kota Hidaka, Shinya Nakajima, Yasuyuki Niihara
Venue: Proceedings of the Eighth IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia (2006)

We propose Choco-Para, a multimedia content skimming technique; its application to a variety of content types is described. Based on automatic speech emphasis extraction, Choco-Para extracts speech attributes, prosodic parameters such as pitch, power, and speaking rate, and uses the data to estimate the degree of emphasis of each spoken phrase. By computing the degree of the emphasis curve, Choco- Para can generate a skimmed edition at an arbitrary skimming rate by selecting emphasized speech portions via dynamic threshold logic. Choco-Para uses three types of prosodic parameters and both short term and long term deviation. Experiments assess the contributions of each prosodic parameter and deviation type. They show that estimation accuracy is optimized by using both short and long term deviation with regard to pitch, power, and speaking rate. The results confirm that Choco-Para supports a wide variety of multimedia content.
Supporting simulation-based decision making with the use of AHP analysis
Authors: Luis Rabelo, Hamidreza Eskandari, Tarek Shalan, Magdy Helal
Venue: Proceedings of the 37th conference on Winter simulation (2005)

Traditionally decisions made based on simulation models have been the outcomes of complicated statistical analyses and having confidence in them is a subjective matter. Hybrid simulation offers an improved approach to better model real life systems and increase confidence in their outcomes. In particular hybrid discrete-continuous simulation has the potentials to reduce the impact of statistics in building models in addition to other significant benefits. In this paper we use hybrid models of discrete-event simulation and system dynamics to analyze global supply chain decisions. And to increase the decision makers' confidence as well as to make use of their experiences we apply the Analytic Hierarchical Process (AHP) analysis to the simulation results in order to reach better decisions. We describe the benefits of the use of the hybrid simulation and the added advantages of using AHP in order to maximize shareholder value.
A Model for Digital Archival of Municipal Documents
Authors: Pasi Tiitinen, Pasi Tyrvainen, Osmo Palonen
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th IEEE on International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference Workshops (2006)

While outsourcing IT infrastructure and various IT functions is common, outsourcing the digital archival of municipal documents has not been realized. The reasons for this include the complexity of operations, the lack of models complying with governmental regulation on archival as well as conflicting requirements on the security of sensitive information and public access. This paper presents a case where a municipality aims at outsourcing in a pilot project supported by researchers in project Kunda. Project Kunda applies a model utilizing a combination of contemporary standards, technologies and research results to achieve a replicable way to outsource the digital archival of municipal documents. The model, the requirements for it and the expected benefits are presented and discussed in this paper.
A Novel Fuzzy Attitude Based Bidding Strategy for Multi-attribute Auction
Authors: Madhu Goyal, Jie Lu, Guangquan Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE/WIC/ACM international conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology (2006)

Auctions have recently commanded a lot of attention in the field of multi-agent systems. To be successful in open multi-attribute auctions, agents must be capable of adapting different strategies and tactics to their prevailing circumstances. This paper presents a software test-bed for studying autonomous bidding strategies in simulated auctions for procuring goods. It shows that agents' bidding strategy explore the attitudes and behaviors that help agents to manage dynamic assessment of alternative prices of goods given the different scenario conditions. Our agent also uses fuzzy techniques for the decision making: to make decisions about the outcome of auctions, and to alter the agent's bidding strategy in response to the different criteria and market conditions.
Mathematical and software support of calculation and optimization of multicomponent raw mixes
Authors: P. A. Trubaev, P. V. Besedin
Venue: Cybernetics and Systems Analysis (2006)

Formalization of methods of calculation and optimization of multicomponent raw mixes in silicate production engineering is proposed. It allows one to proportion raw mixes with an unlimited number of components using any combinations of demands concerning the raw mixes being used and the product to be obtained and to take into account any number of additives and doping agents. The structure of the information support and an algorithm of calculation and optimization of multicomponent raw mixes are described.
Unifying stabilization and termination in message-passing systems
Authors: Anish Arora, Mikhail Nesterenko
Venue: Distributed Computing (2005)

The paper dispels the myth that it is impossible for a message-passing program to be both terminating and stabilizing. We consider a rather general notion of termination: a terminating program eventually stops its execution after the environment ceases lo provide input. We identify termination-symmetry to be a necessary condition for a problem to admit a sollution with such properties. Our results do confirm that a number of well-known problems (e.g., consensus, leader election) do not allow a terminating and stabilizing solution. On the flip side, they show that other problems such as mutual exclusion and reliable-transmission allow such solutions. We present a message-passing solution to the mutual exclusion problem that is both stabilizing and terminating. We also desctibe an approach of adding termination to a stabilizing program. To illustrate this approach, we add termination to a stabilizing solution for the reliable transmission problem.