ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
A Bayesian computational model of social capital in virtual communities
Authors: Ben Kei Daniel, Juan-Diego Zapata-Rivera, Gordon McCalla
Venue: Communities and Technologies (2003)

The theory of social capital (SC) is frequently discussed in the social sciences and the humanities. There is a plethora of research studies, which seek to define and empirically test the idea of SC in a number of ways. This growing body of research has only supported the significance of (SC) in physical communities. While many attempts have been made to examine different forms of social capital in physical communities, its application to other types of communities remains open to research. Recent interest in computer science and information systems in studying virtual communities (VCs) and the value these communities provide to information exchange and knowledge construction makes examination of SC in these communities relevant. We begin our understanding of SC in VCs by mapping out different variables that constitute SC based on qualitative experts' knowledge of SC. We then develop an initial computational model of SC, and generate conditional probability tables (CPTs) that can be refined using real world case scenarios developed by experts in virtual communities. The Bayesian model seems to represent the situations mentioned in the paper adequately. This model provides a useful tool for understanding of SC in VCs.
Within-Document Retrieval: A User-Centred Evaluation of Relevance Profiling
Authors: David J. Harper, Ivan Koychev, Yixing Sun, Iain Pirie
Venue: Information Retrieval (2004)

We present a user-centred, task-oriented, comparative evaluation of two within-document retrieval tools. ProfileSkim computes a relevance profile for a document with respect to a query, and presents the profile as an interactive bar graph. FindSkim provides similar functionality to the web browser &ldquo;Find&rdquo; command. A novel simulated work task was devised, where participants are asked to identify (index) relevant pages of an electronic book, given topics from the existing book index. The original book index provides the ground truth, against which the indexing results of the participants can be compared. We confirmed a major hypothesis, namely ProfileSkim proved significantly more efficient than Find-Skim, as measured by time for task. The study indicates that ProfileSkim was as least as effective as FindSkim in identifying relevant pages, as measured by traditional information retrieval measures, and there is some evidence that ProfileSkim is a precision-enhancing tool. Based on qualitative data from questionnaires, we also provide strong evidence to support our conjecture that the participants would be more satisfied when using ProfileSkim than FindSkim. The experimental study confirmed the potential of relevance profiling for improving within-document retrieval. Relevance profiling should prove highly beneficial for users trying to identify relevant information within long documents.
Improved model-order reduction by using spacial information in moments
Authors: Yehea I. Ismail
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems (2003)

The new concept of multinode moment matching (MMM) is introduced in this paper. The MMM technique simultaneously matches the moments at several nodes of a circuit using explicit moment matching around s = 0. As compared to the well known single-point moment matching (SMM) techniques (such as asymptotic waveform evaluation), MMM has several advantages. First, the number of moments required by MMM is significantly lower than SMM for a reduced-order model of the same accuracy, which directly translates into computational efficiency. This higher computational efficiency of MMM as compared to SMM increases with the number of inputs to the circuit. Second, MMM has much better numerical stability as compared to SMM. This characteristic allows MMM to calculate an arbitrarily high-order approximation of a linear system, achieving the required accuracy for systems with complex responses. Finally, MMM is highly suitable for parallel-processing techniques especially for higher order approximations while SMM has to calculate the moments sequentially and cannot be adapted to parallel processing techniques.
A Ontology-based Process Modelling for XP
Authors: Paolo Ceravolo, Ernesto Damiani, Michele Marchesi, Sandro Pinna, Francesco Zavatarelli
Venue: Proceedings of the Tenth Asia-Pacific Software Engineering Conference Software Engineering Conference (2003)

In this paper we describe the Extreme Programming Ontology(XPO), a formal model specifying the main conceptsused in the Extreme Programming methodology and theirproperties. XPO's modular structure was developed usingthe usual normative top down approach to software engineeringprocess modeling. It relies on a set of core componentsrooted in three main concepts: Organisational Role,Product and Phase. Besides being useful for indexing relevantdocuments and XP artifacts such as user stories andWiki pages, XPO is aimed at being a sound basis for non-intrusiveanalysis of agile processes, mining process dataabout programmers activity and repositories content in orderto extract new concepts potentially identifying criticalfactors in agile software development. Extension to XPOare also discussed, including other Agile Methodologiesand more general Software Engineering concepts.
iTopN: incremental extraction of the N most visible objects
Authors: Linas Bukauskas, Leo Mark, Edward Omiecinski, Michael H. Böhlen
Venue: Proceedings of the twelfth international conference on Information and knowledge management (2003)

The visual exploration of large databases calls for a tight coupling of database and visualization systems. Current visualization systems typically fetch all the data and organize it in a scene tree, which is then used to render the visible data. For immersive data explorations, where an observer navigates in a potentially huge data space and explores selected data regions this approach is inadequate. A scalable approach is to make the database system observer-aware and exchange the data that is visible and most relevant to the observer.In this paper we present iTopN an incremental algorithm for extracting the most visible objects relative to the current position of the observer. We implement iTopN and compare it to an improved version of the R-tree that extends LRU with the caching of the top levels of the R-tree (LW-LRU). Our experiments show that iTopN is orders of magnitude faster than LW-LRU given the same amount of memory. Our experiments also show that for LW-LRU to perform as fast as iTopN it needs three times as much memory.
FPGA based multi-standard configurable FSK demodulator
Authors: Haytham Azmi, Hamed Elsimary, M. Ibrahim Youssef, Ahmad Safwat
Venue: Integration, the VLSI Journal (2003)

In this paper, the design and implementation of FPGA-based configurable FSK demodulator, which can support multi-standards such as ITU-T V.23 and BELL 202, is presented. A digital signal-processing algorithm with a novel modification is used in order to detect the FSK symbols. The FSK detector is designed to be configurable such that it can switch between different standards during run time. By using this algorithm, the demodulator can be configurable to any frequencies used to express the FSK symbols. This can be done with an enhanced BER relative to the other digital algorithms used. The matching between the implemented algorithm and the technology used is discussed. Our target technology were chips from ALTERA and XILINX in order to guide any designer wants to use this technique in his design.
Analytical Description of Self-Interference in Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Communications
Authors: G. A. Dimitrakopoulos, C. N. Capsalis
Venue: Wireless Personal Communications: An International Journal (2003)

A new analytical statistical model has been developed in order to describe the self-interference that results due to multipath propagation in a BPSK spread spectrum system. Motivation for this work was the fact that the well-known Gaussian approximation that has been extensively used in the past in order to describe such terms is not satisfactory, especially when the probability of error is smaller than 10&minus;2 or 10&minus;3. The existence of two paths in the radio channel has been assumed. The amplitude of each path has been assumed as Rayleigh distributed while the arrival time of the second path with respect to the arrival time of the first one has been assumed to be uniformly distributed. The validity of the developed model has been examined by comparing analytical results with results obtained by simulation using Monte Carlo techniques. Results taken from the Gaussian approximation were also compared with the simulation results. It was shown that the developed model describes with great accuracy the pre-mentioned undesirable term. On the contrary, the Gaussian approximation exhibits significant differences when compared to the simulation results. This is also evident by the use of a comparison parameter which is several orders of magnitude smaller for the developed model than for the Gaussian approximation (the smaller this parameter is the better the fit between two groups of data).
A graphical system for hierarchical specifications and checkups of VLSI circuits
Authors: B. Becker, Th. Burch, G. Hotz, D. Kiel, R. Kolla, P. Molitor, H. G. Osthof, G. Pitsch, U. Sparmann
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on European design automation (1990)

The two most important frontend components of the VLSI design system CADIC are presented. The first one allows graphical specification of recursively defined circuits. The other one allows the designer to navigate across the synthesized layout following the hierarchical specification to check e.g. CADIC's hierarchical optimizations or to control the outcome of test (generation) algorithms.
Rapid Prototyping for a Virtual Medical Campus Interface
Authors: Andreas Holzinger
Venue: IEEE Software (2004)

The developers of Graz University's Virtual Medical Campus, working under a strict timeline, used simple, rapid, cost-effective prototyping techniques to create a user interface and release a working system within six months. Involving users early in the interface design facilitated acceptance.
The CWIC/36O system, a compiler for writing and implementing compilers
Authors: Erwin Book, Dewey Val Shorre, Steven J. Sherman
Venue: ACM SIGPLAN Notices (1970)

Cwic/360 (<u>C</u>ompiler for <u>W</u>riting and <u>I</u>mplementing <u>C</u>ompilers) is a metacompiler system. It is composed of compilers for three special-purpose languages, each intended to permit the description of certain aspects of translation in a straightforward, natural manner. The Syntax language is used to describe the recognition of source text and the construction from it of an intermediate tree structure. The Generator language is used to describe the transformation of the tree into appropriate object language. The MOL/360 language is used to provide an interface with the machine and its operating system.This paper describes each of these languages, presents examples of their use, and discusses the philosophy underlying their design and implementation.
Chinese number-names, tree adjoining languages, and mild context-sensitivity
Authors: Daniel Radzinski
Venue: Computational Linguistics (1991)

The Tree Adjoining Grammar formalism, both its single- as well as multiple-component versions, has recently received attention as a basis for the description and explication of natural language. We show in this paper that the number-name system of Chinese is generated neither by this formalism nor by any other equivalent or weaker ones, suggesting that such a task might require the use of the more powerful Indexed Grammar formalism. Given that our formal results apply only to a proper subset of Chinese, we extensively discuss the issue of whether they have any implications for the whole of that natural language. We conclude that our results bear directly either on the systax of Chinese or on the interface between Chinese and the cognitive component responsible for arithmetic reasoning. Consequently, either Tree Adjoining Grammars, as currently defined, fail to generate the class of natural languages in a way that discriminates between linguistically warranted sublanguages, or formalisms with generative power equivalent to Tree Adjoining Grammar cannot serve as a basis for the interface between the human linguistic and mathematical faculties.
Automatic interpretation of soccer video for highlights extraction and annotation
Authors: J. Assfalg, M. Bertini, C. Colombo, A. Del Bimbo, W. Nunziati
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 ACM symposium on Applied computing (2003)

Broadcasters are demonstrating interest in systems that ease the process of annotation the huge amount of live and archived video materials. Exploitation of such assets is considered a key method for the improvement of production quality, and sport videos are one of the most marketable assets. In particular, in Europe, soccer is one of the most relevant sport types. This paper deals with detection and recognition of soccer highlights, using an approach based on temporal logic models.
Analysis of triangle quality measures
Authors: Philippe P. Pébay, Timothy J. Baker
Venue: Mathematics of Computation (2003)

Several of the more commonly used triangle quality measures are analyzed and compared. Proofs are provided to verify that they do exhibit the expected extremal properties. The asymptotic behavior of these measures is investigated and a number of useful results are derived. It is shown that some of the quality measures are equivalent, in the sense of displaying the same extremal and asymptotic behavior, and that it is therefore possible to achieve a concise classification of triangle quality measures.
An integration environment to put formal specifications into practical use in real-time systems
Authors: Shinichi Honiden, Akihiko Ohsuga, Naoshi Uchihira
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th international workshop on Software specification and design (1991)

This paper discusses several requirements to put formal specifications into practical use in real-time systems, and an integration environment called MENDELS ZONE to satisfy them. The integration environment includes algebraic specification, temporal logic, real-time Structured Analysis and Object-Oriented Design. It also defines a specification process that assists a designer in translating a specification developed with the real-time Structured Analysis method into an Object Oriented Design specification, and that finally generates Ada tasks. The specification process is defined to consist of several specification steps and several intermediate products. In order to validate the activity for each specification step, each intermediate product is described by two formal specification methods: algebraic specification and temporal logic.
The value of trust in knowledge sharing
Authors: Ran Wang, Bonnie Rubenstein-Montano
Venue: Knowledge management: current issues and challenges (2003)

Knowledge sharing is currently at the forefront of research in the areas of organizational management and electronic business. Research has focused on aspects of knowledge sharing such as trust, quality of knowledge shared, and task complexity. This chapter builds on past inquiries of trust in knowledge sharing by examining how the benefits obtained from knowledge sharing change as trust levels change. A Repeated Measures ANOVA design is used to test the impact of trust on knowledge sharing. Task completion time, the dependent variable, measures the effect of knowledge sharing. Statistical analysis suggests that the benefit obtained from knowledge sharing increases as trust level increases.
Optimizing on-demand aircraft schedules for fractional aircraft operators
Authors: Chris Martin, David Jones, Pinar Keskinocak
Venue: Interfaces (2003)

Fractional aircraft ownership programs have revolutionized corporate aviation. For a fraction of the cost, they offer owners the comfort and convenience of a full-time flight department. However, fractional management companies (FMCs) have costly business requirements that neither commercial airlines nor charter airlines face. Two challenges that affect their profitability are (1) the management company, instead of the customer, pays all positioning costs, and (2) FMCs give owners short call-out windows, sometimes as little as four hours before departure and guarantee lift to satisfy their demands. FMCs must operate their fleets efficiently. Bitwise Solutions developed a flexible, integrated decision-support system to help FMCs optimize their fleet schedules and succeed. The system, called FlightOps, handles all aspects of fractional fleet management: reservations, scheduling, dispatch, aircraft maintenance, and crew requirements. It also keeps track of the FAA regulatory requirements for crew duty. The system includes the ScheduleMiser, a CPLEX-based decision-support tool. ScheduleMiser creates an optimal schedule for a fleet of aircraft and a set of owner demands (missions) by minimizing costs while meeting FAA regulations and FMC business rules for feasibility. The mixed-integer model behind ScheduleMiser allows FMCs to manually schedule many types of restrictions on an aircraft's schedule, including maintenance periods, flight restrictions, and manual mission assignments. If an aircraft is not available to fly a mission, the FMC can schedule a comparable or larger available aircraft within its fleet, or it can subcontract a charter aircraft. In November 2000, Raytheon Travel Air, the second largest FMC, started using FlightOps. In a press release, it stated FlightOps helped it produce record numbers in hours flown and aircraft availability over Thanksgiving week 2000. It reported an 18.7 percent reduction in positioning legs for some aircraft and a $4.4 million savings in the first year after implementing our system.
A mixed reality mystery game
Authors: Jorge Santiago, Luís Romero, Nuno Correia
Venue: Proceedings of the second international conference on Entertainment computing (2003)

This paper describes gaming and storytelling activities in a mixed environment that integrates the real world, augmented reality and synthetic worlds. The system described here is applied to a painting gallery or museum but the supporting framework is broader and it can be applied to different mixed environments. A hypermedia model that can handle modeling physical objects and virtual ones, in a common augmented framework, supports all the activities. One of the main features of the proposed model is the possibility of handling, in a uniform way, the location of objects in the physical and virtual worlds. The described gaming and exploration activities use this hypermedia model to maintain relations between different items.
Numerical simulation of time-dependent reacting flows in pulse facilities
Authors: José P. Tamagno, Sergio A. Elaskar, Gustavo A. Ríos
Venue: Applied Numerical Mathematics (2003)

A numerical methodology for simulating time-dependent reacting flows inside several types of pulse facilities is outlined in this paper. The numerical approach uses a finite-volume Harten-Yee TVD scheme for the quasione-dimensional Euler equations coupled with finite rate chemistry. To track gas interfaces a Riemann solver is included and to reduce the number of nodes without smearing the interfaces, a moving mesh is used. The source terms representing the finite-rate chemical kinetics and vibrational relaxation are often large and make the algorithm too stiff to be advanced explicitly. To avoid this stiffness an implicit treatment of these source terms is implemented. The numerical program can work with 13 chemical reacting species and 33 different reactions of a hydrogen-oxygen-nitrogen combustion mechanism, each of which may proceed forward or backward. Since helium is often used in pulse facilities it is also included, although it is considered as an inert species. Numerical simulations showing the potential of the computer code for the prediction of fluid mechanic properties and the chemical composition of the flow inside pulse facilities, are presented.
In search of the Horowitz factor
Authors: Gerhard Widmer, Simon Dixon, Werner Goebl, Elias Pampalk, Asmir Tobudic
Venue: AI Magazine (2003)

The article introduces the reader to a large interdisciplinary research project whose goal is to use AI to gain new insight into a complex artistic phenomenon. We study fundamental principles of expressive music performance by measuring performance aspects in large numbers of recordings by highly skilled musicians (concert pianists) and analyzing the data with state-of-the-art methods from areas such as machine learning, data mining, and data visualization. The article first introduces the general research questions that guide the project and then summarizes some of the most important results achieved to date, with an emphasis on the most recent and still rather speculative work. A broad view of the discovery process is given, from data acquisition through data visualization to inductive model building and pattern discovery, and it turns out that AI plays an important role in all stages of such an ambitious enterprise. Our current results show that it is possible for machines to make novel and interesting discoveries even in a domain such as music and that even if we might never find the "Horowitz Factor," AI can give us completely new insights into complex artistic behavior.
Brownfield action: an education through an environmental science simulation experience for undergraduates
Authors: Ryan Daniel Kelsey
Venue:  (2003)

Brownfield Action is a computer simulation experience used by undergraduates in an Introduction to Environmental Science course for non-science majors at Barnard College. Students play the role of environmental consultants given the semester-long task of investigating a potentially contaminated landsite in a simulated town. The simulation serves as the integration mechanism for the entire course. The project is a collaboration between Professor Bower and the Columbia University Center for New Media Teaching and Learning (CCNMTL). This study chronicles the discovery, design, development, implementation, and evaluation of this project over its four-year history from prototype to full-fledged semester-long integrated lecture and lab experience. The complete project history serves as a model for the development of best practices in contributing to the field of educational technology in higher education through the study of fully designed and implemented projects in real classrooms. Recommendations from the project focus on linking the laboratory and lecture portions of a course, the use of simulations (especially for novice students), instructor adaptation to the use of technology, general educational technology project development, and design research, among others. Findings from the study also emphasize the uniqueness of individual student's growth through the experience, and the depth of understanding that can be gained from embracing the complexity of studying sophisticated learning environments in real classrooms.