ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Eliciting Mental Models of User Methods for Product and Communications Design
Authors: Joy Goodman-Deane, Patrick Langdon, P. John Clarkson, Susannah Clarke
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Addressing Diversity. Part I: Held as Part of HCI International 2009 (2009)

In order for products and services to be designed inclusively, designers need to understand users' capabilities and needs Thus methods for involving and understanding users are of key importance for inclusive design. However, many of these methods have limited uptake, possibly because of a poor fit with design practice. We conducted a card-sorting study with twenty-one product and communications designers, examining how they view user-centred methods, and how they relate them to other design methods. Results were analysed using hierarchical agglommerative cluster analysis to try to identify groups of methods that are considered similar to each other. This paper particularly examines the differences between product and communications designers. We found that product designers perceive a larger distinction between user involvement and other design methods, and communications designers are less structured in their approach to methods. We conclude that inclusive design methods and their presentation need to be adapted for different groups of designers.
Fuzzy random renewal reward process and its applications
Authors: Shuming Wang, Junzo Watada
Venue: Information Sciences: an International Journal (2009)

This paper studies a renewal reward process with fuzzy random interarrival times and rewards under the @?-independence associated with any continuous Archimedean t-norm @?. The interarrival times and rewards of the renewal reward process are assumed to be positive fuzzy random variables whose fuzzy realizations are @?-independent fuzzy variables. Under these conditions, some limit theorems in mean chance measure are derived for fuzzy random renewal rewards. In the sequel, a fuzzy random renewal reward theorem is proved for the long-run expected reward per unit time of the renewal reward process. The renewal reward theorem obtained in this paper can degenerate to that of stochastic renewal theory. Finally, some application examples are provided to illustrate the utility of the result.
Simultaneous impulse stimulation and response sampling technique for built-in self test of linear analog integrated circuits
Authors: Wimol San-Um, Tachibana Masayoshi
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Symposium on Integrated Circuits and System Design: Chip on the Dunes (2009)

This paper proposes a new impulse stimulation and response sampling technique for the implementation of a Built-In Self Test of linear analog integrated circuits embedded in mixed-signal systems. The testing technique is the monitoring of physical fault influences on impulse response characteristics through the use of single-point sampling method and window criterions. The implementation of BIST system realizes a controllable impulse generator, which provide two short impulses simultaneously for stimulating a Circuit-Under-Test, and sampling a transient impulse response. This proposed technique is cost-effective and relatively compact. Neither high-precision analog test stimuli with fault-free bit streams nor characterization and synchronization processes in DSP are required. Demonstrations of the BIST system for a Sallen-Key low-pass filter in a physical level using 0.18-&mu;m CMOS technology show a low area overhead of 11.19%, and offer high catastrophic and parameter fault coverage of 98.24%.
Management of Information Supporting Collaborative Networks
Authors: Hamideh Afsarmanesh, Luis M. Camarinha-Matos
Venue: Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Database and Expert Systems Applications (2009)

Dynamic creation of opportunity-based goal-oriented Collaborative Networks (CNs), among organizations or individuals, requires the availability of a variety of up-to-date information. In order to effectively address the complexity, dynamism, and scalability of actors, domains, and operations in opportunity-based CNs, pre-establishment of properly administrated strategic CNs is required. Namely, to effectively support creation/operation of opportunity-based VOs (Virtual Organizations) operating in certain domain, the pre-establishment of a VBE (Virtual organizations Breeding Environment) for that domain plays a crucial role and increases their chances of success. Administration of strategic CN environments however is challenging and requires an advanced set of inter-related functionalities, developed on top of strong management of their information. With the emphasis on information management aspects, a number of generic challenges for the CNs and especially for the administration of VBEs are introduced in the paper.
Study on Fiber Orientation of Short-Fiber-Reinforced Rubber Matrix Sealing Composites Based on Digital Image Processing
Authors: Kaijun Sun, Boqin Gu, Jianfeng Zhou
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation - Volume 01 (2009)

The short fiber orientation has significant influence on the behaviors of short fiber reinforced rubber matrix composite (SFRC). By using slicing method in deep cooling environment, the smooth and flat cross section of SFRC sample was obtained at-150℃ and the micrograph of the cross section was taken by using a high magnified microscope. The digital image processing software was developed to recognize the elliptical profile of the short fiber cross section from its background. Then the oriented angle of the short fiber can be determined according to the major axis and minor axis of the elliptical profile. The oriented angle distribution of short fibers was statistically analyzed by using histogram method and characterized by modified coefficient. The investigation results indicate that the oriented angle of short fiber in SFRC distributes symmetrically about 0° approximately, and it tends to centralized distribution with the increasing short fiber content and the initial fiber length.
A 3D Curve Grouping Methods and Its Application
Authors: Baoshun Li, Lo Vui Hong, Qixin Cao, Lei Zhang, Jay Lee
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Environmental Science and Information Application Technology - Volume 02 (2009)

This paper presents new improvements to point cloud segmentation on curve grouping techniques. The proposed method is based on the similarity conception. The developed approach groups the curves from the same objects into the same region well. The algorithm is simple and easy implemented in complex real scenes. The algorithm was performed in a real application and the results proved the proposed algorithm is feasible and practical.
A New Genetic Algorithm for Order-Picking of Irregular Warehouse
Authors: Zhang Haijun, Liu Bingwu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Environmental Science and Information Application Technology - Volume 01 (2009)

This paper proposed a data structure to store irregular warehouse layout diagram. A warehouse unit is defined as four kinds, which are storage point, passage, node and block respectively. The shortest distance and route between two storage points can be calculated by virtue of their adjacent nodes. Based on this, a new genetic algorithm is proposed withan assumption that an order-picking operation always access goods as many as the vehicle can accommodate. An order involved some goods stored in different storage points. The storage point’s sequence in the order is encoded a chromosome.A chromosome determines the number of order-picking operations and the total distance.Although this assumption made the algorithm search only part of the whole solution space, compared with one of the other genetic algorithm, this new genetic algorithm has better result. The reason maybe lies in that fewer order-picking operations conform to the optimizing goal.
A genetic approach to automate preliminary design of gear drives
Authors: Cevdet Gologlu, Metin Zeyveli
Venue: Computers and Industrial Engineering (2009)

Determination of volume or weight of a gearbox is an important issue in preliminary design of power transmission applications. Trial and error procedure or some gear standards information sheets are commonly used in traditional design. The purpose of this paper is to automate preliminary design of gear drives by minimizing volume of gear trains. A stochastic approach Genetic Algorithm (GA) was applied to a parallel axis two stage helical gear trains problem. Static and dynamic penalty functions were introduced to the objective function for handling the design constraints. The results were compared with a deterministic design procedure developed. GA based approach produced quite well results promptly supplying preliminary design parameters of gear drives for different gear ratios to the designer.
On the Influence of Packet Scheduling on the Trade-Off between System Spectral Efficiency and User Fairness in OFDMA-Based Networks
Authors: Emanuel B. Rodrigues, Michael L. Walker, Fernando Casadevall
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th Open European Summer School and IFIP TC6.6 Workshop on The Internet of the Future (2009)

System spectral efficiency and user fairness are crucial aspects for resource allocation in multi-user OFDM-based cellular networks. This work intends to investigate the influence of the performance of packet scheduling algorithms on the trade-off between these two objectives in scenarios with non real-time and real-time services. By means of system-level simulations, we were able to create a didactic map of the relation between these two aspects and propose ways to exploit this trade-off efficiently.
Bounded-Resource Reasoning as (Strong or Classical) Planning
Authors: Alexandre Albore, Natasha Alechina, Piergiorgio Bertoli, Chiara Ghidini, Brian Logan
Venue: Computational Logic in Multi-Agent Systems: 9th International Workshop, CLIMA IX, Dresden, Germany, September 29-30, 2008. Revised Selected and Invited Papers (2009)

To appropriately configure agents so as to avoid resource exhaustion, it is necessary to determine the minimum resource (time memory) requirements necessary to solve reasoning problems. In this paper we show how the problem of reasoning under bounded resources can be recast as a planning problem. Focusing on propositional reasoning, we propose different recasting styles, which are equally interesting, since they require solving different classes of planning problems, and allow representing different reasoner architectures. We implement our approach by automatically encoding problems for the MBP planner. Our experimental results demonstrate that even simple problems can give rise to non-trivial (and often counter intuitive) time and memory saving strategies.
Smooth Analysis of the Condition Number and the Least Singular Value
Authors: Terence Tao, Van Vu
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th International Workshop and 13th International Workshop on Approximation, Randomization, and Combinatorial Optimization. Algorithms and Techniques (2009)

A few years ago, Spielman and Teng initiated the study of Smooth analysis of the condition number and the least singular value of a matrix. Let x be a complex variable with mean zero and bounded variance. Let N n be the random matrix of sie n whose entries are iid copies of x and M a deterministic matrix of the same size. The goal of smooth analysis is to estimate the condition number and the least singular value of M + N n .Spielman and Teng considered the case when x is gaussian. We are going to study the general case when x is arbitrary. Our investigation reveals a new and interesting fact that, unlike the gaussian case, in the general case the "core" matrix M does play a role in the tail bounds for the least singular value of M + N n . Consequently, our estimate involves the norm ||M|| and it is a challenging question to determine the right magnitude of this involvement. When ||M|| is relatively small, our estimate is nearly optimal and extends or refines several existing result.
Study on Absorption and Catalyzed Oxidation Treatment of Phenol-Containing Wastewater with Acticarbon Loading Cu(II) Fixed Bed
Authors: Songtian Li, Yonghua Cheng, Changhao Li
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Environmental Science and Information Application Technology - Volume 03 (2009)

Acticarbon can absorb and gather -OH, -X etc. In phenol-containing wastewater these organic micropollutant (such as p-chlorophenol and o-chlorophenol) may affect COD value. After activation treatment, impregnated acticarbon with 6.0% Cu(NO3)2 solution, then put it into a drying oven of 270℃, copper will be reduced and thermosetting on its micro surface. Fixed bed was choosed as the equipment, absorption of acticarbon and catalysis of copper were used to reduce organic matter’s decomposition activity energy, then got rid of it through oxidation of H2O2 or dissolved oxygen in aerated water. Thus phenols would be drastically degraded and the effluent could be drained under the standard. Referring to Fenton reaction mechanism, heterogeneous catalyzed oxidation mechanism of Cu2+ was studied. Keeping temperature at 25℃, pH 6.5, chlorophenol degradation rate can reach over 97%. Catalyzed oxidation time depends on the number of columns. This method incorporates absorption, catalyzed oxidation and filtration. It makes it possible to catalytically treat effluent in wet method.
Application of the Ecotone Theory in Construction of Urban Eco-waterfront
Authors: Zhen Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Environmental Science and Information Application Technology - Volume 02 (2009)

Ecotone is regarded widely by scholars of both ecology and environment recently because of its special status in ecological system. The paper described the Ecotone theory and summed up its basic characteristics and function after annotation of its definition. After many kinds of functions and their own characteristic of modern urban waterfront were anal sized, the principle of “ecology first” under insuring of stability and safety while constructing urban waterfront was proposed. It indicated that, we should pay attention to the integrative design way combining with landscape form, ecological technology and different urban functions. It will provide valuable references for construction of natural, beautiful and healthy urban waterfront.
Solving Wick-stochastic water waves using a Galerkin finite element method
Authors: Hassan Manouzi, Mohammed Seaïd
Venue: Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (2009)

A Galerkin finite element approximation of Wick-stochastic water waves is developed and numerically investigated. The problems under study consist of a class of shallow water equations driven by white noise. Random effects may appear in the water free surface or in the bottom topography among others. To perform a rigorous study of stochastic effects in the shallow water equations we employ techniques from Wick calculus. The differentiation respect to time and space along with the product operations are performed in a distribution sense. Using the Wiener-Ito chaos expansion for treating the randomness, the governing equations are transformed into a sequence of deterministic shallow water equations to be solved for each chaos coefficient by standard methods from computational fluid dynamics. In our study, we formulate a finite element method for spatial discretization and a backward Euler scheme for time integration. Once the chaos coefficients are obtained, statistical moments for the stochastic solution are carried out. Numerical results are presented for stochastic water waves in the Strait of Gibraltar.
Out-of-Core Computation of the QR Factorization on Multi-core Processors
Authors: Mercedes Marqués, Gregorio Quintana-Ortí, Enrique S. Quintana-Ortí, Robert Geijn
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th International Euro-Par Conference on Parallel Processing (2009)

We target the development of high-performance algorithms for dense matrix operations where data resides on disk and has to be explicitly moved in and out of the main memory. We provide strong evidence that, even for a complex operation like the QR factorization, the use of a run-time system creates a separation of concerns between the matrix computations and I/O operations with the result that no significant changes need to be introduced to existing in-core algorithms. The library developer can thus focus on the design of algorithms-by-blocks, addressing disk memory as just another level of the memory hierarchy. Experimental results for the out-of-core computation of the QR factorization on a multi-core processor reveal the potential of this approach.
Index and Recognition for the Shape Contour of Plant Leaves
Authors: Xun Liu, Keyi Hou, Liliang Wang, Ping Liu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 WRI Global Congress on Intelligent Systems - Volume 04 (2009)

Content-based image retrieval methods are used to construct systems to retrieve and classify plants' leaves. The target of this paper is to balance matching veracity and computing efficiency and to improve the process of extracting feature. This paper focuses on the shape feature of the image. The work we have finished includes in the process of choosing feature and using numerical sequence of image features to solve the question about the irrespective of image feature’s circumrotating transformation. In the design process, we adopt general content-based image retrieval framework. So, result of this paper is used to plant leaves’ classifying and recognizing.
Feature-based method for document alignment in comparable news corpora
Authors: Thuy Vu, Ai Ti Aw, Min Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (2009)

In this paper, we present a feature-based method to align documents with similar content across two sets of bilingual comparable corpora from daily news texts. We evaluate the contribution of each individual feature and investigate the incorporation of these diverse statistical and heuristic features for the task of bilingual document alignment. Experimental results on the English-Chinese and English-Malay comparable news corpora show that our proposed Discrete Fourier Transform-based term frequency distribution feature is very effective. It contributes 4.1% and 8% to performance improvement over Pearson's correlation method on the two comparable corpora. In addition, when more heuristic and statistical features as well as a bilingual dictionary are utilized, our method shows an absolute performance improvement of 23.2% and 15.3% on the two sets of bilingual corpora when comparing with a prior information retrieval-based method.
Opportunistic Programming: Writing Code to Prototype, Ideate, and Discover
Authors: Joel Brandt, Philip J. Guo, Joel Lewenstein, Mira Dontcheva, Scott R. Klemmer
Venue: IEEE Software (2009)

Programmers often write code to prototype, ideate, and discover. To do this, they work opportunistically, emphasizing speed and ease of development over code robustness and maintainability. How do opportunistic programmers make these trade-offs, and how does their work's structure compare to more formal software engineering practices? Opportunistic programmers build software using high-level tools and often add new functionality via copy-and-paste from the Web. They iterate rapidly, consider code impermanent, and find debugging particularly challenging. Five opportunistic-programming principles can help guide the development of tools that explicitly support prototyping in code.
The Study of Teaching Reform Project Pool Management System in Applied College
Authors: Chao Wang, Xin Fang, Sa Yang, Biao Huang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Natural Computing - Volume 01 (2009)

The reasons of applying for teaching reform projects and the current situation are introduced in this paper, the teaching reform project pool management system is given and the operation methods with operation rules are analyzed which are helpful to improve the applied college teaching management quality.
five: Enhancing 3D Wall Displays with a 2D High-Resolution Overlay
Authors: Daniel Steffen, Achim Ebert, Matthias Deller, Peter Dannenmann
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th IFIP TC 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Part II (2009)

Projection-based stereoscopic wall displays allow users to immerse themselves into virtual scenes, such as architecture simulations or games. However, the usually low resolution (dpi) of such displays and slight alignment offsets between the two projectors result in a loss of detail and bad readability of textual information.We propose addressing the problem by overlaying a third projector, so that its image is visible to both eyes. We eliminate offset artifacts by extracting 2D contents from the scene and rendering it using this dedicated "2D projector". In addition, we locally increase resolution by focusing the 2D projector onto a smaller region. This allows us to reduce the size of overlaid 2D annotations, thereby reducing interference with the 3D scene. In our paper, we describe the design of our display system called five. Following, we present two detailed user studies that compare five with an overview-and-detail and a pan-and-zoom interface.
Accelerating the Network Congestion Control in Classic Kelly Model Implemented by 2 ECN Bits
Authors: Weirong Liu, Min Wu, Jun Peng, Guojun Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 WASE International Conference on Information Engineering - Volume 01 (2009)

To get the global fairness in internet, the Classic Kelly Model proposed by F.P.Kelly uses the utility function to optimize the data fluid control. The model gives two algorithms to control the data send rate. One is prime algorithm, and the other is dual algorithm. The two algorithms can converge to proportional global fair point. However, the two algorithms use only the positive price to feedback the congestion information in network link, which results in the slow convergence rate. In addition, many mechanisms based on the two algorithms need to introduce extra packet header to get price information. To solve the problem, this paper presents a 2 bits ECN mechanism to accelerate the model convergence rate. In the innovate mechanism, the link price can be negative and the price can be conveyed by using a new ECN bit without adding extra packet or packet header, means that, 2 bits congestion transporting mechanism is enough. By using the 2 bits, fairness can be keep and asymptotic stability can be reached rapidly.
A Comparison of Data-Driven Automatic Syllabification Methods
Authors: Connie R. Adsett, Yannick Marchand
Venue: Proceedings of the 16th International Symposium on String Processing and Information Retrieval (2009)

Although automatic syllabification is an important component in several natural language tasks, little has been done to compare the results of data-driven methods on a wide range of languages. This article compares the results of five data-driven syllabification algorithms (Hidden Markov Support Vector Machines, IB1, Liang's algorithm, the Look Up Procedure, and Syllabification by Analogy) on nine European languages in order to determine which algorithm performs best over all. Findings show that all algorithms achieve a mean word accuracy across all lexicons of over 90%. However, Syllabification by Analogy performs better than the other algorithms tested with a mean word accuracy of 96.84% (standard deviation of 2.93) whereas Liang's algorithm, the standard for hyphenation (used in $\mbox\TeX$), produces the second best results with a mean of 95.67% (standard deviation of 5.70).