ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Long-term pressure monitoring with arterial applanation tonometry: A non-invasive alternative during clinical intervention?
Authors: Koen S. Matthys, Alain F. Kalmar, Michel M. R. F. Struys, Eric P. Mortier, Alberto P. Avolio, Patrick Segers, Pascal R. Verdonck
Venue: Technology and Health Care (2008)

Arterial tonometry is a non-invasive technique for continuous registration of arterial pressure waveforms. This study aims to assess tonometric blood pressure recording (TBP) as an alternative for invasive long-term bedside monitoring. A prospective study was set up where patients undergoing neurosurgical intervention were subjected to both invasive (IBP) and non-invasive (TBP) blood pressure monitoring during the entire procedure. A single-element tonometric pressure transducer was used to better investigate different inherent error sources of TBP measurement. A total of 5.7 hours of combined IBP and TBP were recorded from three patients. Although TBP performed fairly well as an alternative for IBP in steady state scenarios and some short-term variations, it could not detect relevant long-term pressure variations at all times. These findings are discussed in comparison to existing work. Physiological alterations at the site of TBP measurement are highlighted as a potentially important source of artifacts. It is concluded that at this point arterial tonometry remains not enough understood for long-term use during a delicate operative procedure. Physiological changes at the TBP measurement site deserve further investigation before tonometry technology is to be considered as an non-invasive alternative for long-term clinical monitoring.
Perception Based Representation of Female Avatar
Authors: Sergio Tasso, Osvaldo Gervasi, Francesco Scolastra, Giulianella Coletti
Venue: Proceedings of the international conference on Computational Science and Its Applications, Part II (2008)

We face the problem of building a model of a simulator to generate 3D virtual female body representation. To this purpose, we focus on some relevant indicators characterizing the definition of the measures of the various parts of a female body. We rely on a fuzzy modeling approach by using the interpretation (in terms of coherent conditional probability) of a membership function of a fuzzy set as a suitable likelihood. The components of the system are a simulator, implemented as a Web service, and a virtual reality environment based on X3D that allows the user to refine the body representation based on the user's self-perception.The avatar can be used for example both in e-commerce as a dummy which replaces one's own body for the measurements of virtual clothes and in crime investigation for the identikit construction based on a few clues.
A Normal Form for Euler Diagrams with Shading
Authors: Andrew Fish, Chris John, John Taylor
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Diagrammatic Representation and Inference (2008)

In logic, there are various normal forms for formulae; for example, disjunctive and conjunctive normal form for formulae of propositional logic or prenex normal form for formulae of predicate logic. There are algorithms for `reducing' a given formula to a semantically equivalent formula in normal form. Normal forms are used in a variety of contexts including proofs of completeness, automated theorem proving, logic programming etc. In this paper, we develop a normal form for unitary Euler diagrams with shading. We give an algorithm for reducing a given Euler diagram to a semantically equivalent diagram in normal form and hence a decision procedure for determining whether two Euler diagrams are semantically equivalent. Potential applications of the normal form include clutter reduction and automated theorem proving in systems based on Euler diagrams.
Group discussion on commercial and industrial applications of computers
Authors: W. F. Frese
Venue: Papers and discussions presented at the Dec. 8-10, 1953, eastern joint AIEE-IRE computer conference: information processing systems---reliability and requirements (1953)

The discussion at this session, attended by about 100 people, related almost entirely to the application of electronic techniques to government and commercial accounting systems. The chairman first summarized the implications of the government's joint accounting improvement program. In the past five years, the emphasis has shifted from uniformity of practice in the various agencies to greater decentralization, with details handled and responsibility located at or near the point of origin of information. The amount and type of mechanization has been put up to individual agencies; central authorities co-operate with all agencies, and are constantly looking for methods that reduce duplication of effort. The concept of what accounting should accomplish has broadened, and there is now less interest in historical record-keeping, and much more on provision and integration of the phases required (financial, cost, inventory, etc.) to provide information needed for current action of management. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Improving Automatic Image Annotation Based on Word Co-occurrence
Authors: H. Jair Escalante, Manuel Montes, L. Enrique Sucar
Venue: Adaptive Multimedial Retrieval: Retrieval, User, and Semantics: 5th International Workshop, AMR 2007, Paris, France, July 5-6, 2007 Revised Selected Papers (2007)

Accuracy of current automatic image labeling methods is under the requirements of annotation-based image retrieval systems. The performance of most of these labeling methods is poor if we just consider the most relevant label for a given region. However, if we look within the set of the top¿ k candidate labels for a given region, accuracy of most of these systems is improved. In this paper we take advantage of this fact and propose a method (NBI) based on word co-occurrences that uses the naïve Bayes formulation for improving automatic image annotation methods. Our approach utilizes co-occurrence information of the candidate labels for a region with those candidate labels for the other surrounding regions, within the same image, for selecting the correct label. Co-occurrence information is obtained from an external collection of manually annotated images: the IAPR-TC12 benchmark. Experimental results using a k ¿nearest neighbors method as our annotation system, give evidence of significant improvements after applying the NBI method. NBI is efficient since the co-occurrence information was obtained off-line. Furthermore, our method can be applied to any other annotation system that ranks labels by their relevance.
Optimal Order Allocation with Discount Pricing
Authors: Boris Goldengorin, John Keane, Viktor Kuzmenko, Michael Tso
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Algorithmic Aspects in Information and Management (2007)

We consider optimal order allocation (or procurement) problems with discount pricing and fixed charges. Such a problem is faced for example by an internet trading agent who seeks to fulfil an order for specified amounts of several products from a pre-arranged list of suppliers, taking into account availability and price. We present a mixed integer programming (MILP) formulation assuming that suppliers impose a discount schedule with multiple price breaks including fixed charges. We show that a modified capacitated facility location problem (CFLP) model is appropriate for the general case under consideration and outline a Lagrangean relaxation approach improved by open and close penalties. Our experimental results show that problems arising in practice can be handled within seconds by either LINGO or XPress-MP software.
Biodynamic response of the human hand-arm models under vibration
Authors: S. Kazi, A. As'arry, M. Z. Md. Zain, M. Mailah, M. Hussein, I. Z. Mat Darus
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th WSEAS International Conference on Automatic Control, Modelling & Simulation (2008)

This paper describes the development of hand/arm mechanical models, to investigate the biodynamic response characteristics in a 2 and 3 degree-of-freedom (DOF) of the human hand and arm system. The assessment of the vibration behavior is examined by using two models. Typically, the human is modeled as a second order mass-spring-damper system. In this study, 2- DOF and 3-DOF biomechanical models have been developed to derive the vibration transmission characteristics of the hand-arm. The resulting mode shapes are discussed from the viewpoint of the vibration response behaviour of the hand-arm that are presented in the time and frequency domains.
The Rhizomer Semantic Content Management System
Authors: Roberto García, Juan Manuel Gimeno, Ferran Perdrix, Rosa Gil, Marta Oliva
Venue: Proceedings of the 1st world summit on The Knowledge Society: Emerging Technologies and Information Systems for the Knowledge Society (2008)

The Rhizomer platform is a Content Management System (CMS) based on a Resource Oriented Approach (RESTful) and Semantic Web technologies. It achieves a great level of flexibility and provides sophisticated content management services. All content is described using semantic metadata semi-automatically extracted from multimedia content, which enriches the browsing experience and enables semantic queries. A usable user interface is built on top of the CMS in order to facilitate the interaction with content and enhance it with the information provided by the associated semantic metadata. As an application scenario of the platform, its use in a media company where audio content is managed and its speech transcript semantically annotated is described.
TEM investigation of Ti and Ti/Al bilayer as alternative diffusion barriers for Cu metallization for SAW device applications
Authors: M. Spindler, S. B. Menzel, C. Eggs, J. Thomas, T. Gemming, J. Eckert
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2008)

The thermal stability of Ti and Ti/Al thin barrier layers for Cu metallizations of surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices has been investigated by resistance measurements and analytical transmission electron microscopy (TEM) using energy dispersive analysis (EDX), energy filtered analysis (EFTEM) within a temperature range between RT and 300^oC. Due to the strong increase of the sheet resistance of the sample containing the Ti/Al-barrier, structural changes in the Al layer lead to a failure at 300^oC, whereas the other sample containing Ti only as a barrier layer did not show any obvious structural changes.
Design of Experiments in Computational Intelligence: On the Use of Statistical Inference
Authors: Salvador García, Francisco Herrera
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd international workshop on Hybrid Artificial Intelligence Systems (2008)

The experimental analysis on the performance of a proposed method is a crucial and necessary task to carry out in a research. In this contribution we focus on the use of statistical inference for analyzing the results obtained in a design of experiment within the field of computational intelligence. We present some studies involving a set of techniques in different topics which can be used for doing a rigorous comparison among the algorithms studied in an experimental comparison.Particularly, we study whether the sample of results from multiple trials obtained by the run of several algorithms checks the required conditions for being analyzed through parametric tests. In most of the cases, the results indicate that the fulfillment of these conditions are problem dependent and indefinite, which justifies the need of using nonparametric statistics in the experimental analysis. We show a case study which illustrates the use of nonparametric tests and finally we give some guidelines on the use of nonparametric statistical tests.
Linear, Polynomial or Exponential? Complexity Inference in Polynomial Time
Authors: Amir M. Ben-Amram, Neil D. Jones, Lars Kristiansen
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th conference on Computability in Europe: Logic and Theory of Algorithms (2008)

We present a new method for inferring complexity properties for imperative programs with bounded loops. The properties handled are: polynomial (or linear) boundedness of computed values, as a function of the input; and similarly for the running time.It is well known that complexity properties are undecidable for a Turing-complete programming language. Much work in program analysis overcomes this obstacle by relaxing the correctness notion: one does not ask for an algorithm that correctly decides whether the property of interest holds or not, but only for "yes" answers to be sound. In contrast, we reshaped the problem by defining a "core" programming language that is Turing-incomplete, but strong enough to model real programs of interest. For this language, our method is the first to give a certain answer; in other words, our inference is both sound and complete.The essence of the method is that every command is assigned a "complexity certificate", which is a concise specification of dependencies of output values on input. These certificates are produced by inference rules that are compositional and efficiently computable. The approach is inspired by previous work by Niggl and Wunderlich and by Jones and Kristiansen, but use a novel, more expressive kind of certificates.
Gaze Interaction and Access to Library Collection
Authors: Haakon Lund, John Paulin Hansen
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th European conference on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries (2008)

A new module in the GazeTalk eye-typing communication software for people with severe disabilities has been developed The web-service based module enables the user to gain access to a collection of digitized full text. This demonstration shows the functionalities in the library access module.
Fetal Weight Prediction Models: Standard Techniques or Computational Intelligence Methods?
Authors: Tomáš Siegl, Pavel Kordík, Miroslav Šnorek, Pavel Calda
Venue: Proceedings of the 18th international conference on Artificial Neural Networks, Part I (2008)

An accurate model of ultrasound estimation of fetal weight (EFW) can help in decision if the cesarean childbirth is necessary. We collected models from various sources and compared their accuracy. These models were mostly obtained by standard techniques such as linear and nonlinear regression. The aim of the comparison was to recommend a model best fitting to data measured for Czech population. Alternatively, we generated several linear and non-linear models by using our method GAME from the computational intelligence domain. GAME models can be serialized into simple equations that are understandable by domain experts. In this contribution, we show that automatically generated GAME models are at least as accurate (in terms of root mean squared error and standard deviations of predictions) as the best model computed by means of (time and expert skills demanding) standard techniques.
A multi-agent platform for auction-based allocation of loads in transportation logistics
Authors: Han Noot, Valentin Robu, Han La Poutré, Willem-Jan van Schijndel
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems: demo papers (2008)

This paper describes an agent-based platform for the allocation of loads in distributed transportation logistics, developed as a collaboration between CWI, Dutch National Center for Mathematics and Computer Science, Amsterdam and Vos Logistics Organizing, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. The platform follows a real business scenario proposed by Vos, and it involves a set of agents bidding for transportation loads to be distributed from a central depot in the Netherlands to different locations across Germany. The platform supports both human agents (i.e. transportation planners), who can bid through specialized planning and bidding interfaces, as well as automated, software agents. Therefore, the proposed platform can be used to test both the bidding behaviour of human logistics planners, as well as the performance of automated auction bidding strategies, developed for such settings.
Improved Fast Handovers for Mobile IPv6 over IEEE 802.16e Network
Authors: Sukyoung Ahn, Youngsong Mun
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Computational Science, Part I: ICCS 2007 (2007)

The purpose of Fast Handovers for Mobile IPv6(FMIPv6) is to reduce the overall handover latency resulting from standard Mobile IPv6(MIPv6) procedures. The standard FMIPv6 procedure comprises layer 2 and layer 3 handover procedures, and these are performed serially. This causes a long latency problem which is not negligible for real-time service such as Voice over IP(VoIP) over IEEE 802.16e network. We revise FMIPv6 messages to reduce the overall latency on handover over IEEE 802.16e networks. A Layer 2 handover message gives layer 3 handover messages a piggyback, and so the mobile node(MN) which is operated by our scheme, is able to finish overall handover earlier than standard MIPv6 and FMIPv6. We evaluate the performance of the scheme by analyzing the overall cost. Compared to FMIPv6 handover scheme, the proposed scheme gains about 27% of improvement.
Scanning probe microscope system design with fuzzy control
Authors: Po-Kuang Chang, Jium-Ming Lin
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th WSEAS International Conference on International Conference on Automation and Information (2008)

This research applied both the traditional PI (Proportion and Integration) compensator and the fuzzy control methods for a Scanning Probe Microscope (SPM) system design. In addition, the actuator hysteresis effect was taken into consideration. It can be seen that the system performance obtained by the fuzzy controller was much better, especially in eliminating the actuator hysteresis effect. This improvement has been verified by MATLAB simulation and practical implementation of a surface profiler.
Trusted Computing Serving an Anonymity Service
Authors: Alexander Böttcher, Bernhard Kauer, Hermann Härtig
Venue: Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Trusted Computing and Trust in Information Technologies: Trusted Computing - Challenges and Applications (2008)

We leveraged trusted computing technology to counteract certain insider attacks. Furthermore, we show with one of the rare server based scenarios that an anonymity service can profit from trusted computing. We based our design on the Nizza Architecture [14] with its small kernel and minimal multi-server OS. We even avoided Nizza's legacy container and got a much smaller, robust and hopefully more secure system, since we believe that minimizing the trusted computing base is an essential requirement for trust into software.
Analysis and Evaluation of Inductive Programming Systems in a Higher-Order Framework
Authors: Martin Hofmann, Emanuel Kitzelmann, Ute Schmid
Venue: Proceedings of the 31st annual German conference on Advances in Artificial Intelligence (2008)

In this paper we present a comparison of several inductive programming (IP) systems. IP addresses the problem of learning (recursive) programs from incomplete specifications, such as input/output examples. First, we introduce conditional higher-order term rewriting as a common framework for inductive program synthesis. Then we characterise the ILP system Golem and the inductive functional system MagicHaskeller within this framework. In consequence, we propose the inductive functional system Igor II as a powerful and efficient approach to IP. Performance of all systems on a representative set of sample problems is evaluated and shows the strength of Igor II.
A Hybrid Evolutionary Multi-Objective Algorithm to Setup Explicit Routes in MPLS Networks
Authors: Fernando Afonso Santos, Geraldo Robson Mateus
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 8th International Conference on Hybrid Intelligent Systems (2008)

The requirements for quality of service (QoS) of applications in networks are becoming stricter. Toward to solve the routing problem in IP networks, MPLS architecture allows to define explicit routes in the network. This paper describes a multi-objective heuristic approach to solve the routing problem in MPLS networks. An evolutionary multi-objective algorithm is proposed based on Dijkstra's Shortest Path Algorithm exploring different metrics. The results using this hybrid approach show the quality and efficiency of the solutions and obtain good approximations to the set of optimal solutions.
Overlaid Text Recognition for Matching Soccer-Concept Keywords
Authors: Alfian Abdul Halin, Mandava Rajeswari, Dhanesh Ramachandram
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 Fifth International Conference on Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualisation (2008)

Overlaid-text appears frequently in broadcast sports video. They provide a plethora of information regarding the goings-on of a particular game. Examples include important events and video segments of interest such as bookings and half-time analysis, respectively. Furthermore, it is common that overlaid text is displayed when a particular concept is happening or has happened. This paper presents a concept identification framework, based on matched keywords from overlaid-text extraction and recognition. Possible occurrences of overlaid-text in soccer programs are extracted and recognized, and then matched against a soccer-term database. Preliminary experiments show reliable characterextraction, whose recognition has been successfully matched with keywords within the database.
An efficient simulated annealing algorithm for design optimization of truss structures
Authors: L. Lamberti
Venue: Computers and Structures (2008)

This paper presents an optimization algorithm based on Simulated Annealing. The algorithm - denoted as CMLPSA (Corrected Multi-Level &Multi-Point Simulated Annealing) - implements an advanced search mechanism where each candidate design is selected from a population of trial points randomly generated. Therefore, CMLPSA is in principle similar to meta-heuristic algorithms dealing with a pool/population of designs rather than with a single trial point such as it is usually done in classical simulated annealing. The multi-point strategy is adopted for both feasible and infeasible intermediate designs. In the former case, perturbations given to optimization variables are forced to follow the current rate of change exhibited by the cost function. In the latter case, 4th order approximate line search is performed in the neighbourhood of each feasible trial point generated in the current annealing cycle. Furthermore, CMLPSA includes a multi-level annealing strategy where trial points are generated by perturbing all design variables simultaneously (global level) or one by one (local level). Global or local search is performed basing on the current trend seen in the optimization process. CMLPSA is tested in six structural optimization problems where the objective is to minimize the weight of bar trusses - with up to 200 elements - subject to constraints on nodal displacements, member stresses and critical buckling loads. Test cases include both sizing and lay-out optimization variables. The computationally most expensive problem has 200 design variables and 3500 optimization constraints. CMLPSA is compared with other state-of-the-art SA algorithms and advanced global optimization methods like Heuristic Particle Swarm Optimization (HPSO) and Harmony Search (HS) recently presented in literature. Numerical results clearly demonstrate efficiency and robustness of CMLPSA. In particular, CMLPSA found better designs than the other SA-based algorithms and converged much more quickly to the optimum than HPSO and HS. Furthermore, CMLPSA is insensitive to initial design.