ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Ontology-based intelligent decision support agent for CMMI project monitoring and control
Authors: Chang-Shing Lee, Mei-Hui Wang, Jui-Jen Chen
Venue: International Journal of Approximate Reasoning (2008)

This paper presents an ontology-based intelligent decision support agent (OIDSA) to apply to project monitoring and control of capability maturity model integration (CMMI). The OIDSA is composed of a natural language processing agent, a fuzzy inference agent, and a performance decision support agent. All the needed information of the OIDSA, including the CMMI ontology and the project personal ontology, is stored in an ontology repository. In addition, the natural language processing agent, based on the Chinese Dictionary, periodically collects the information of the project progress from project members to analyze the features of the Chinese terms for semantic concept clustering. Next, the fuzzy inference agent computes the similarity of the planned progress report and actual progress report, based on the CMMI ontology, the project personal ontology, and natural language processing results. Finally, the performance decision support agent measures the completed percentage of the progress for each project member. The results provided by the OIDSA are sent to the project manager for evaluating the performance of each project member. The experimental results show that the OIDSA can work effectively for project monitoring and control of CMMI.
Estimating and mapping grass phosphorus concentration in an African savanna using hyperspectral image data
Authors: O. Mutanga, L. Kumar
Venue: International Journal of Remote Sensing (2007)

We tested the utility of imaging spectroscopy and neural networks to map phosphorus concentration in savanna grass using airborne HyMAP image data. We also sought to ascertain the key wavelengths for phosphorus prediction using hyperspectral remote sensing. The remote sensing of foliar phosphorus has received very little attention as compared to nitrogen, yet it plays an equally important role in explaining the distribution and feeding patterns of herbivores. Band depths from two continuum-removed absorption features as well as the red edge position (REP) were input into a backpropagation neural network. Following a series of experiments to ascertain the optimum wavelengths, the best trained neural network was used to predict and ultimately to map grass phosphorus concentration in the Kruger National Park. The results indicate that the best trained neural network could predict phosphorus distribution with a coefficient of determination of 0.63 and a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.07 (28% of the mean observed phosphorus concentration) on an independent test data set. Our results also show that the absorption feature located in the shortwave infrared (R 2015-2199) contains more information on phosphorus distribution, a region that has hardly been explored before in most spectroscopic experiments for phosphorus as compared to the visible bands. Overall, the study demonstrates the potential of imaging spectroscopy in mapping grass phosphorus concentration in savanna rangelands.
Robinson&#x2019;s implicit function theorem and its extensions
Authors: A. L. Dontchev, R. T. Rockafellar
Venue: Mathematical Programming: Series A and B (2008)

S. M. Robinson published in 1980 a powerful theorem about solutions to certain &#x201c;generalized equations&#x201d; corresponding to parameterized variational inequalities which could represent the first-order optimality conditions in nonlinear programming, in particular. In fact, his result covered much of the classical implicit function theorem, if not quite all, but went far beyond that in ideas and format. Here, Robinson&#x2019;s theorem is viewed from the perspective of more recent developments in variational analysis as well as some lesser-known results in the implicit function literature on equations, prior to the advent of generalized equations. Extensions are presented which fully cover such results, translating them at the same time to generalized equations broader than variational inequalities. Robinson&#x2019;s notion of first-order approximations in the absence of differentiability is utilized in part, but even looser forms of approximation are shown to furnish significant information about solutions.
Evolution styles to the rescue of architectural evolution knowledge
Authors: Olivier Le Goaer, Dalila Tamzalit, Mourad Chabane Oussalah, Abdelhak-Djamel Seriai
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd international workshop on Sharing and reusing architectural knowledge (2008)

The core idea is to consider software-architecture evolution tasks as a knowledge that must be clearly modeled and properly managed. The main expected benefit is the reuse of existing and already available evolution expertise rather than reinventing it, sometimes awkwardly and thus avoid time-consuming redundant evolution activities. For this purpose, we propose to use the evolution style concept as a neutral interchange format to capitalize and transfer knowledge about domain-specific evolution tasks. In this paper we put the focus on how it is possible to reason on evolution-styles description libraries through a classification scheme. Specifically, we present the "evolution shelf", an infrastructure to perform (a) incremental acquisition of new evolution descriptions and (b) retrieval of evolution descriptions matching with a given context. Our shelf, dedicated to software architects, relies on well-known repository techniques while updating them to support and exploit the evolution-style concept.
ProSem: scalable wide-area publish/subscribe
Authors: Badrish Chandramouli, Jun Yang, Pankaj K. Agarwal, Albert Yu, Ying Zheng
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data (2008)

We demonstrate ProSem, a scalable wide-area publish/subscribe system that supports complex, stateful subscriptions as well as simple ones. One unique feature of ProSem is its cost-based joint optimization of both subscription processing and notification dissemination. ProSem uses novel reformulation techniques to expose new alternatives for processing and disseminating data using standard stateless content-driven network components.
Prohibition-based MAC protocols for QoS-enhanced mesh networks and high-throughput WLANs
Authors: Chi-Hsiang Yeh, Richard Wu
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems - Volume 01 (2007)

To achieve high throughput in wireless networks, collision rate must be very small, while communication overheads (e.g., RTS/CTS dialogues) and channel idleness (e.g., due to backoff) should be both relatively small as compared to data packet durations. Low collision rate is also essential to QoS provisioning in any network employing exponential backoff or a similar strategy. Our proposed solution to the preceding contradicting requirements is to employ prohibition-based mechanisms, which replace the functionality ofRTS/CTS dialogues that have been shown to suffer from high communication overhead but only provide limited protection against the hidden terminal problem while in multihop networking environments. The resultant prohibition-based MAC protocols combine binary countdown with busytone, thus inheriting important advantages from both worlds including collision freedom/controllability, prioritization capability, and elimination of hidden terminals. They can also support asynchronous operations which are of practical importance.
BlueBus: a scalable solution for localized mobile service in a public bus
Authors: Yow Kin Choong, Chen Lin, Liu Xiaoyu
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th international conference on mobile technology, applications, and systems and the 1st international symposium on Computer human interaction in mobile technology (2007)

Mobile Commerce as know as M-Commerce getting more and more important with the fast development of the World Wide Web. The idea is to conduct commerce, using a mobile device, such as mobile phones and PDAs while on the move. In this paper, we introduce the system called BlueBus, which is aim to provide localized and Bluetooth based mobile data services. User can enjoy those services for free by using their hand phones. The system consists of three components --- the Administration Server, the on-board device and the end-user mobile devices. Several mobile services have been developed in the system and more services can be added into the system in the future development. The access points of the system named BlueBox may be installed in various public places, such as public bus, MRT trains, shopping malls, airports and so on.
Sensor Selection for Minimizing Worst-Case Prediction Error
Authors: Abhimanyu Das, David Kempe
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Information processing in sensor networks (2008)

We study the problem of choosing the "best'' subset of ksensors to sample from among a sensor deployment of n > k sensors, in order to predict aggregate functions over all the sensor values. The sensor data being measured are assumed to be spatially correlated, in the sense that the values at two sensors can differ by at most a monotonically increasing, concave function of their distance. The goal is then to select a subset of sensors so as to minimize the prediction error, assuming that the actual values at unsampled sensors are worst-case subject to the constraints imposed by their distances from sampled sensors.Even selecting sensors for the optimal prediction of the mean, maximum or minimum is NP-hard; we present approximation algorithms to select near-optimal subsets of k sensors that minimize the worst-case prediction error. In general, we show that for any aggregate function satisfying certain concavity, symmetry and monotonicity conditions, the sensor selection problem can be modeled as a k-median clustering problem, and solved using efficient approximation algorithms designed for k-median clustering.Our theoretical results are complemented by experiments on tworeal-world sensor data sets; our experiments confirm that ouralgorithms lead to prediction errors that are usually less thanthe (normalized) standard deviation of the test data, using only around 10% of the sensors.
Design and Implementation of a High-Performance and Complexity-Effective VLIW DSP for Multimedia Applications
Authors: Tay-Jyi Lin, Shin-Kai Chen, Yu-Ting Kuo, Chih-Wei Liu, Pi-Chen Hsiao
Venue: Journal of Signal Processing Systems (2008)

This paper presents the design and implementation of a novel VLIW digital signal processor (DSP) for multimedia applications. The DSP core embodies a distributed ping-pong register file, which saves 76.8% silicon area and improves 46.9% access time of centralized ones found in most VLIW processors by restricting its access patterns. However, it still has comparable performance (estimated in cycles) with state-of-the-art DSP for multimedia applications. A hierarchical instruction encoding scheme is also adopted to reduce the program sizes to 24.1~26.0%. The DSP has been fabricated in the UMC 0.13 μm 1P8M Copper Logic Process, and it can operate at 333 MHz while consuming 189 mW power. The core size is 3.2¿×¿3.15 mm2 including 160 KB on-chip SRAM.
ILP Based Gate Leakage Optimization Using DKCMOS Library during RTL Synthesis
Authors: Saraju P. Mohanty
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th international symposium on Quality Electronic Design (2008)

In this paper dual-K (DKCMOS) technology is proposed as a method for gate leakage power reduction. An integer linear programming (ILP) based algorithm is proposed for its optimization during architectural synthesis. The algorithm uses device-level gate leakage models for precharacterizing register-transfer level (RTL)datapath component library and minimizes the leakage delay product (LDP). The proposed algorithm is tested for several circuits for 45nm CMOS technology node. The experiments show that average gateleakage reduction are 67.7% and 80.8% for SiO_2-SiON and SiO_2-Si_3N_4, respectively.
Development of a 3DOF mobile exoskeleton robot for human upper-limb motion assist
Authors: Kazuo Kiguchi, Mohammad Habibur Rahman, Makoto Sasaki, Kenbu Teramoto
Venue: Robotics and Autonomous Systems (2008)

In order to assist physically disabled, injured, and/or elderly persons, we have been developing exoskeleton robots for assisting upper-limb motion, since upper-limb motion is involved in a lot of activities of everyday life. This paper proposes a mechanism and control method of a mobile exoskeleton robot for 3DOF upper-limb motion assist (shoulder vertical and horizontal flexion/extension, and elbow flexion/extension motion assist). The exoskeleton robot is mainly controlled by the skin surface electromyogram (EMG) signals, since EMG signals of muscles directly reflect how the user intends to move. The force vector at the end-effector is taken into account to generate the natural and smooth hand trajectory of the user in the proposed control method. An obstacle avoidance algorithm is applied to prevent accidental collision between the user's upper-limb and the robot frame. The experiment was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed exoskeleton robot.
Presenting the value of Human Factors Integration: guidance, arguments and evidence
Authors: Anne Bruseberg
Venue: Cognition, Technology and Work (2008)

Consideration of the human elements of socio-technical systems is critical to ensure safe, effective and efficient system performance. However, when decisions about budget allocations are being made, Human Factors Integration (HFI) is not always considered as an important component activity. Both HFI practitioners and non-HFI practitioners often find it difficult to express the cost benefits of HFI. Moreover, in the military domain, we need to provide a comprehensive case, covering issues within all of the six HFI domains. In this paper, we take a broad view and approach the task of cost-justifying HFI through a combination of prospective and retrospective perspectives. By comparing approaches, evidence, and arguments from all HFI domains, we establish a generic set of arguments for HFI, supported by an initial set of evidence.
Are Computer Science and Information Technology still masculine fields? High school students' perceptions and career choices
Authors: Marina Papastergiou
Venue: Computers Education (2008)

This study investigated Greek high school students' intentions and motivation towards and against pursuing academic studies in Computer Science (CS), the influence of the family and the scholastic environment on students' career choices, students' perceptions of CS and the Information Technology (IT) profession as well as students' attendance at CS courses at school, computer use in the home and self-efficacy beliefs regarding computers. Gender differences were examined with a view to identifying factors that may affect boys' and girls' career choices. The participants were 358 students of both sexes who completed an anonymous questionnaire. The data analysis showed that girls are less likely than boys to pursue a CS degree, and when they do so, it is mainly because of extrinsic reasons rather than personal interest in CS. Lack of opportunities for early familiarization with computing in the home and the scholastic environment is the factor that mainly differentiates boys' and girls' motivation against studying CS, having a greater impact on girls. Misconceptions of CS were detected in students of both genders. Girls view CS as a self-referencing, machine- and programming-oriented discipline to a greater extent than boys do, and hold less positive views of the IT profession. Boys view CS as more human- and application-oriented than girls do. They also have greater computer self-efficacy and more sex-stereotypical views of CS and IT as male domains. Appropriate actions to increase girls' interest and participation in CS studies are proposed according to the findings.
Computer-aided circuit analysis with respect to switched circuits
Authors: TomáŠ Lukl, Vít Novotny, Jiří Mišurec
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Circuits (2005)

This article deals with issues which we can meet when we want to analyze nonlinear dynamic circuits using Matlab environment. Theoretical basements of analysis of general type of circuits and their possible solution as computer algorithms are discussed first. Then methods of computer analysis of switched circuits are described later on.
SVM-based interactive document retrieval with active learning
Authors: Takashi Onoda, Hiroshi Murata, Seiji Yamada
Venue: New Generation Computing (2008)

This paper describes an application of SVM (Support Vector Machines) to interactive document retrieval using active learning. Some works have been done to apply classification learning like SVM to relevance feedback and have obtained successful results. However they did not fully utilize characteristic of example distribution in document retrieval. We propose heuristics to bias document showing for user's judgement according to distribution of examples in document retrieval. This heuristics is executed by selecting examples to show a user in neighbors of positive support vectors, and it improves learning efficiency. We implemented a SVM-based interactive document retrieval system using our proposed heuristics, and compared it with conventional systems like Rocchio-based system and a SVM-based system without the heuristics. We conducted systematic experiments using large data sets including over 500,000 newspaper articles and confirmed our system outperformed other ones.
A Hierarchy of Computably Enumerable Reals
Authors: Xizhong Zheng
Venue: Fundamenta Informaticae (2008)

Computably enumerable (c.e., for short) reals are the limits of computable increasing sequences of rational numbers. In this paper we introduce the notion of h-bounded c.e. reals by restricting numbers of big jumps in the sequences by the function h and shown an Ershov-style hierarchy of h-bounded c.e. reals which holds even in the sense of Turing degrees. To explore the possible hierarchy of c.e. sets, we look at the h-initially bounded computable sets which restricts number of the changes of the initial segments. This, however, does not lead to an Ershov-style hierarchy. Finally we show a computability gap between computable reals and the strongly c.e. reals, that is, a strongly c.e. real cannot be approximated by a computable increasing sequence of rational numbers whose big jump numbers are bounded by a constant unless it is computable.
Monitoring the effects of arsenic and chromium accumulation in Chinese brake fern (Pteris vittata)
Authors: Maruthi B. B. Sridhar, F. X. Han, S. V. Diehl, D. L. Monts, Y. Su
Venue: International Journal of Remote Sensing (2007)

The objectives of this study were (i) to investigate the feasibility of using spectral reflectance for monitoring As and Cr accumulation in Chinese brake fern (Pteris vitatta), and (ii) to search for spectral indices sensitive to structural changes caused by metal accumulation during the process of phytoremediation. Potted Chinese brake fern plants were exposed to As (100 and 300 ppm) and Cr (300 and 600 ppm) treatments for 22 days. The plants were then harvested and analysed for metal accumulation. Diffuse reflectance spectra (350-2500 nm) of the plant canopies were collected regularly throughout the metal treatment period using a portable spectroradiometer. Leaf reflectance is governed by leaf surface properties, internal structure, and foliar pigments and biochemical components. Leaf samples were collected and analysed for structural changes through microscopic observations. Our microscopic studies on changes of leaf structure provide insight into the physical changes that are remotely detected as changes in reflectance, and may permit extrapolation of these results to other plant species. Cr accumulation resulted in a decrease in biomass, relative water content (RWC), and changes in the internal structure of the leaf. The structural and spectral results show significant changes in Cr-treated plants while the changes were minimal in As-treated plants compared to untreated plants. Our spectral analysis revealed that a unique ratio index R 1110/R 810 can be used to monitor structural changes in plants due to accumulation of Cr. This index distinguished Cr-treated plants from untreated and As-treated plants. The Normalized Difference Vegetative Index (NDVI) distinguished stressed plants, but NDVI cannot distinguish Cr-stressed plants from As-stressed plants. Our results show that brake fern can accumulate significant amounts of Cr in shoots (2108 mg kg-1 dry weight), but it is not a hyperaccumulator for Cr because much higher Cr accumulation was found in roots (7686 mg kg-1 dry weight). This study suggests that the infrared reflectance spectrum (800-1300 nm) of plant canopy may provide a non-intrusive monitoring method to access the physiological status of plants grown in heavy metal-contaminated soil.
Improving search task performance using subtle gaze direction
Authors: Ann McNamara, Reynold Bailey, Cindy Grimm
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th symposium on Applied perception in graphics and visualization (2008)

A new experiment is presented which demonstrates the usefulness of an image space modulation technique called Subtle Gaze Direction (SGD) for guiding the user in a simple searching task. SGD uses image space modulations in the luminance channel to guide a viewer's gaze about a scene without interrupting their visual experience. The goal of SGD is to direct a viewer's gaze to certain regions of a scene without introducing noticeable changes in the image. Using a simple searching task we compared performance using no modulation, using subtle modulation and using obvious modulation. Results from the experiments show improved performance when using subtle gaze direction, without affecting the user's perception of the image. Results establish the potential of the method for a wide range of applications including gaming, perceptually based rendering, navigation in virtual environments and medical search tasks.
Electronic supply chain management applications by Swedish SMEs
Authors: H. M. Beheshti, M. Hultman, M. -L. Jung, R. A. Opoku, E. Salehi-Sangari
Venue: Enterprise Information Systems (2007)

The Internet has become an integral part of business activities of most corporations today. Electronic supply chain management (SCM) can improve the operational efficiency of the firm by streamlining processes between the company and its suppliers, business partners, and customers. This research explores the extent and the degree of Internet application in Swedish small-and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The analyses of the data show that the Swedish SMEs use the Internet in their supply chain activities to a large degree. The study establishes some differences between smaller and larger organizations as well as between manufacturing and service companies.
Investigation of high-resolution contact printing
Authors: B. Meliorisz, S. Partel, T. Schnattinger, T. Fühner, A. Erdmann, P. Hudek
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2008)

This paper presents experimental results and simulation studies of resist processes for contact printing. A resolution of 200nm can be achieved using simple binary masks, conventional photoresist, and standard mercury arc lamp illumination. Simulation helps to understand typical resist artifacts in dense structures, and allows the design of optimal masks and process conditions.