ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Toward an Affect-Sensitive AutoTutor
Authors: Sidney D'Mello, Rosalind W. Picard, Arthur Graesser
Venue: IEEE Intelligent Systems (2007)

Emotions (affective states) are inextricably bound to the learning process, as are cognition, motivation, discourse, action, and the environment. Augmenting an intelligent tutoring system with the ability to incorporate such states into its pedagogical strategies can improve learning. Two studies use observational and "emote aloud" protocols to identify learners' affective states as they interact with AutoTutor. A third study uses sensors to collect training and validation data during AutoTutor sessions through learners' conversational cues, gross body language, and facial expressions. By adapting its instructional strategies, an affect-sensitive AutoTutor could promote learning. This article is part of a special issue on intelligent educational systems.
Stochastic Game Logic
Authors: Christel Baier, Tomas Brazdil, Marcus Grosser, Antonin Kucera
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Quantitative Evaluation of Systems (2007)

Stochastic game logic (SGL) is a new temporal logic that combines features of alternating temporal logic (to formalize the individual views and cooperation and reaction facilities of agents in a multiplayer game), probabilistic computation tree logic and extended temporal logic (to reason about qualitative and quantitative, linear or branching time winning objectives). The paper presents the syntax and semantics of SGL and discusses its model checking problem. The model checking problem of SGL turns out to be undecidable when the strategies are history-dependent. We show PSPACE completeness for memoryless deterministic strategies and the EXPSPACE upper bound for memoryless randomized strategies. For the qualitative fragment of SGL we show PSPACE completeness for memoryless strategies.
Stability of dynamic systems with aftereffect with due regard for Markov perturbations
Authors: V. S. Korolyuk, V. I. Musurivskii, I. V. Yurchenko
Venue: Cybernetics and Systems Analysis (2007)

Lyapunov-Krasovskii functionals and infinitesimal operators are employed to analyze a system for asymptotic stochastic stability on the whole and asymptotic stability on the whole.
Hydrologic Uncertainty for Bayesian Probabilistic Forecasting Model Based on BP ANN
Authors: Chun-tian Cheng, Kwok-wing Chau, Xiang-yang Li
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Natural Computation - Volume 01 (2007)

The Bayesian forecasting system (BFS) consists of three components which can be deal with independently. Considering the fact that the quantitative rainfall forecasting has not been fully developed in all catchment areas in China, the emphasis is given to the hydrologic uncertainty for Bayesian probabilistic forecasting. The procedure of determining the prior density and likelihood functions associated with hydrologic uncertainty is very complicated and there is a requirement to assume a linear and normal distribution within the framework of BFS. These pose severe limitation to its practical application to real-life situations. In this paper, a new prior density and likelihood function model is developed with BP artificial neural network (ANN) to study the hydrologic uncertainty of short-term reservoir stage forecasts based on the BFS framework. Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method is employed to solve the posterior distribution and statistics of reservoir stage. A case study is presented to investigate and illustrate these approaches using 3 hours rainfall-runoff data from the ShuangPai Reservoir in China. The results show that Bayesian probabilistic forecasting model based on BP ANN not only increases forecasting precision greatly but also offers more information for flood control, which makes it possible for decision makers consider the uncertainty of hydrologic forecasting during decision-making and estimate risks of different decisions quantitatively.
Model checking for input/output properties of a black-box model
Authors: Walter Dosch, Pornsiri Muenchaisri, Wuttipong Ruanthong, Annette Stümpel
Venue: Proceedings of the third conference on IASTED International Conference: Advances in Computer Science and Technology (2007)

The early phases of component-based software design focus on the interaction between the components and the environment. Each component is considered as a black box whose input/output behaviour is described by a stream transformer mapping input histories to output histories. Model checking is an automatic verification approach performed on a state-transition model. This paper proposes a new approach how to model check input/output properties of a component's black box model. To this end, we systematically construct an input/output state transition system which reflects the component's input/output behaviour. Model checking of input/output properties can be performed on the constructed input/output transition system in a sound way. The overall transformation from the stream transformer to the transition system uses canonical Moore machines as an intermediate artifact. We illustrate the approach with a simple example and discuss possible extensions.
A numerical approach to genetic programming for system identification
Authors: Hitoshi Iba, Hugo deGaris, Taisuke Sato
Venue: Evolutionary Computation (1995)

This paper introduces a new approach to genetic programming (GP), based on a numerical technique, which integrates a GP-based adaptive search of tree structures, and a local parameter tuning mechanism employing statistical search (a system identification technique). In traditional GP, recombination can cause frequent disruption of building blocks or mutation can cause abrupt changes in the semantics. To overcome these difficulties, we supplement traditional GP with a local hill-climbing search, using a parameter tuning procedure. More precisely, we integrate the structural search of traditional GP with a multiple regression analysis method and establish our adaptive program, called STROGANOFF (STructured Representation On Genetic Algorithms for NOn-linear Function Fitting). The fitness evaluation is based on a minimum description length (MDL) criterion, which effectively controls the tree growth in GP. We demonstrate its effectiveness by solving several system identification (numerical) problems and compare the performance of STROGANOFF with traditional GP and another standard technique (radial basis functions). We then extend STROGANOFF to symbolic (nonnumerical) reasoning by introducing multiple types of nodes, using a modified MDL-based selection criterion and a pruning of the resultant trees. The effectiveness of this numerical approach to GP is demonstrated by successful application to symbolic regression problems.
New bounds on the unconstrained quadratic integer programming problem
Authors: G. D. Halikias, I. M. Jaimoukha, U. Malik, S. K. Gungah
Venue: Journal of Global Optimization (2007)

We consider the maximization $$\gamma = \max\{x^{T}\!Ax : x\in \{-1, 1\}^n\}$$ for a given symmetric $$A\in\mathcal{R}^{n\times n}$$ . It was shown recently, using properties of zonotopes and hyperplane arrangements, that in the special case that A has a small rank, so that A = VV T where $$V\in\mathcal{R}^{n\times m}$$ with m < n, then there exists a polynomial time algorithm (polynomial in n for a given m) to solve the problem $$\max\{x^TV V^Tx : x\in \{-1, 1\}^n\}$$ . In this paper, we use this result, as well as a spectral decomposition of A to obtain a sequence of non-increasing upper bounds on ¿ with no constraints on the rank of A. We also give easily computable necessary and sufficient conditions for the absence of a gap between the solution and its upper bound. Finally, we incorporate the semidefinite relaxation upper bound into our scheme and give an illustrative example.
Novel Agent-Based Management for Fault-Tolerance in Network-on-Chip
Authors: Pekka Rantala, Jouni Isoaho, Hannu Tenhunen
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th Euromicro Conference on Digital System Design Architectures, Methods and Tools (2007)

We introduce a novel agent-based reconfiguring concept for futures Network-on-Chip (NoC) systems. The necessary properties to increase architecture level fault tolerance are introduced. The system control is modeled as multi-level agent hierarchy that is able to increase application fault-tolerance and performance with autonomous reactions of agents. The agent technology adds a system level intelligence level to the traditional NoC system design. The architecture and functions of this system are described on conceptual level. Communication and reconfiguring data flows are presented as study cases. Principles of reconfiguration of a NoC on faulty environment are demonstrated and simulated. Probability of reconfiguration success is measured with different latency requirements and amount of redundancy by Monte Carlo simulations. The effect of network topology in reconfiguration of a faulty mesh was also under research in the simulations.
Home Network Framework Based on OSGi Service Platform Using SSL Component Bundle
Authors: Eun-Ae Cho, Chang-Joo Moon, Dae-Ha Park, Doo-Kwon Baik
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th IEEE International Conference on Computer and Information Technology (2007)

It becomes increasingly common to use distributed services according to development of wire/wireless network. Home network area is also based on distributed environment which use a lot of services. Various technologies already have been used in home network. However, the research of information security part is insufficient. Thus, in this paper, we enhance our previous work by applying SSL Component as a bundle format. This framework includes efficient user access control based on OSGi service platform from the former researches. This paper can cover the venerability between home gateway and authorization server in existing OSGi service platform. Therefore we provide the advantages of pre-studied framework and user information protection simultaneously.
Goalie: A Space Efficient System for VLSI Artwork Analysis
Authors: Thomas Szymanski, Christopher Van Wyk
Venue: IEEE Design Test (1985)

Advances in VLSI have resulted in more and more complex circuitry, fueling the need for programs that analyze IC mask artwork.This article describes Goalie, an artwork analysis system, by explaining the algorithms used to support circuit extraction,Boolean geometric operations, connectivity analysis, capacitance measurement and design checking. Tests on several systemshave shown that Goalie runs at least as fast as algorithms currently in use, but it requires less main memory, so large layoutscan be handled on small computers, or even on personal workstations.
The Application of Neuro-Fuzzy Decision Tree in Optimal Selection of Technological Innovation Projects
Authors: Hongxia Jin, Jianna Zhao, Xiaoxuan Chen
Venue: Proceedings of the Eighth ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking, and Parallel/Distributed Computing - Volume 03 (2007)

When the mathematical model of projects selection is established in the technological innovation, the conventional methods have deficiencies in dealing with the fuzzy uncertainty.To improve the mathematical model, in this paper, Neuro-fuzzy decision tree(Neuro-FDT) is introduced to the research on the innovation projects selection. Fuzzy decision trees are powerful, top-down, hierarchical search methodology to extract human interpretable classification rules. However, they are very poor in classification accuracy. Neural networks-fuzzy decision tree improves FDT's classification accuracy and extracts more accuracy human interpretable classification rules. The fuzzy rules enable a decision-maker to decide the optimal projects selection of technological innovation. Comparing with the conventional methods, the mathematical model of Neuro-fuzzy decision tree can be easily established by fully utilizing the information of projects. The result of the positive research indicated that this mathematical model is very valid for innovation projects selection and it will have a good application prospect in this area.
Automatic extraction of LIDAR data classification rules
Authors: Primo Zingaretti, Emanuele Frontoni, Gianfranco Forlani, Carla Nardinocchi
Venue: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing (2007)

LIDAR (LIght Detection And Ranging) data are a primary data source for digital terrain model (DTM) generation and 3D city models. This paper presents an AdaBoost algorithm for the identification of rules for the classification of raw LIDAR data mainly as buildings, ground and vegetation. First raw data are filtered, interpolated over a grid and segmented. Then geometric and topological relationships among regions resulting from segmentation constitute the input to the tree-structured classification algorithm. Results obtained on data sets gathered over the town of Pavia (Italy) are compared with those obtained by a rule-based approach previously presented by the authors for the classification of the regions.
Requirements Specification: What Strategy Under What Conditions
Authors: Jaroslav Kral, Michal Zemlicka
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering Research, Management & Applications (2007)

There are several strategies/philosophies of IS development (structured, data-oriented, object-oriented, service-oriented, and agile programming). Their application was to a high degree implied by technological conditions. The strategies have been determining the information systems architecture and the tools and methods of requirement specification. Due the success of new strategies the older ones are improperly considered to be obsolete. There are discussed the conditions under which the application of a particular strategy is not only feasible but optimal and when and how different strategies are to be combined. All the strategies except the service-oriented one are suited to the development of application more or less from scratch. The application has a programmed number of threads. The current largest information systems like the systems supporting e-government or global enterprises must have service-oriented architecture of a specific form -- software confederations. Confederation-oriented strategy is different from the other strategies but it can (should) be combined with them. The main differences are in the use of legacy systems and software standards.
A Dynamic Coupling for Reusable and Efficient Software System
Authors: Misook Choi, JongSuk Lee
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering Research, Management & Applications (2007)

Recently, dynamic behaviors in embedded system for ubiquitous environment and service-oriented system have needed a dynamic coupling metric to evaluate the quality of the software system more accurately. The embedded systems are designed by a component-based system and the component-based system is designed by one object-oriented. Therefore, coupling between the classes in the object-oriented model are brought into relief more clearly. But, in spite of a great deal of study and effort, most coupling metrics between classes suggest metrics that measure the coupling based on a static dependency relationship. In this paper, we propose a dynamic coupling metric in order to measure the coupling accurately between classes allowing the dynamic property in the object level. In addition, we prove the theoretical soundness of the proposed metric by the axioms of Briand et al. and suggest the accuracy of the proposed metric through a comparison with conventional metrics.
Stabilization of stochastically perturbed nonlinear oscillations
Authors: L. B. Ryashko
Venue: Automation and Remote Control (2007)

A problem of stabilization of stochastic oscillatory modes of nonlinear dynamic system is considered. The solution of this problem rests on the spectral criterion of the exponential mean square (root-mean-square) stability of stochastically perturbed limit cycles. The analysis of the stabilizability reduces to the minimization of the spectral radius of a certain positive operator. The efficient possibilities of the obtained stabilizability criterion are illustrated for the case of the cycle on the plane, where the construction of a stabilizing regulator reduces to the minimization of the quadratic functional.
User impressions of a stuffed doll robot's facing direction in animation systems
Authors: Hiroko Tochigi, Kazuhiko Shinozawa, Norihiro Hagita
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Multimodal interfaces (2007)

This paper investigates the effect on user impressions of the body direction of a stuffed doll robot in an animation system. Many systems that combine a computer display with a robot have been developed, and one of their applications is entertainment, for example, an animation system. In these systems, the robot, as a 3D agent, can be more effective than a 2D agent in helping the user enjoy the animation experience by using spatial characteristics, such as body direction, as a means of expression. The direction in which the robot faces, i.e., towards the human or towards the display, is investigated here. User impressions from 25 subjects were examined. The experiment results show that the robot facing the display together with a user is effective for eliciting good feelings from the user, regardless of the user's personality characteristics. Results also suggest that extroverted subjects tend to have a better feeling towards a robot facing the user than introverted ones.
Design of Fuzzy Controller Used in Lower Limbs Rehabilitative Robot Drive System Based on Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Hongche Guo, Ziming Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery - Volume 04 (2007)

This paper presents a fuzzy controller design for a drive system of lower limbs rehabilitative robot. In this system, turning the design of the fuzzy controller into an optimization of the parameters, using genetic algorithm to make an optimizing design of the fuzzy controller could get rid of the reliance on the experience knowledge and the Cut and Try Method in the design of the fuzzy controller years before. By the theory of analyzing and the simulation experiments, we can conclude that, in the robots' drive system, using fuzzy controller to instead of PID controller could get better control effect, also improve the dynamic performance, especially on rapidity and robustness.
A Method of Solution for Multiple-Valued Logic Expressions
Authors: D. D. Givone, M. E. Liebler, R. P. Roesser
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (1971)

A method of solving a system of simultaneous equations within a multiple-valued logic algebra is presented.
Recognition of human behavior by space-time silhouette characterization
Authors: Arash Mokhber, Catherine Achard, Maurice Milgram
Venue: Pattern Recognition Letters (2008)

In this study, a method for human action recognition is proposed. Only one camera is used, without calibration. Viewpoint invariance is obtained by several acquisitions of the same action. The originality of the method consists in characterizing each sequence globally, to enhance the robustness. After detection of moving areas throughout each image, a binary volume is obtained, composed by all the silhouettes of the moving person. This space-time volume is characterized by a vector of its 3D geometric moments. These moments are normalized to be invariant to the position, scale and duration of actions. Action recognition is then carried out using a nearest neighbor classifier based on Mahanalobis distance. Results are presented on a base of 1614 sequences performed by seven persons and categorized in eight actions.
Information, analysis, and ideology: A case study of science and the public interest
Authors: John M. Budd
Venue: Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology (2007)

The politicization of science is not a new phenomenon, but the disputes surrounding global climate change have been particularly subject to ideological positioning. The work conducted by researchers on the description of, and possible causes for, climate change is reflected in the formal record of scientific discourse. The political and ideological claims about climate change are themselves reflected in the governmental and popular records. With regard to the particular work by Michael Mann and his colleagues, the three records (scientific, governmental, and popular) collide. Close examination of the totality of the record demonstrates the background, nature, and bases of claims made on all sides. The examination further demonstrates that the governmental and popular records are informed not by scientific research and communication but by ideological stances. &copy; 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Novel Topology Discovery Service for Self-Organized WSNs
Authors: Safwan Al-Omari, Weisong Shi
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Wireless Algorithms,Systems and Applications (2007)

We propose a topology discovery service, which is a network service that promotes the concept of cross-layer design. The topology service, which is the fundamental of any self-organized and self-healing WSN, maintains several topology parameters that describe the sensor field and how the nodes are distributed in the field. To demonstrate the benefits of our service, we design a density-aware GPSR routing protocol (DA-GPSR) to take advantage of the parameters provided by our service and improve the performance of the original GPSR protocol. DA-GPSR uses node density to route around areas with high node density (i.e., crowded areas) and improves end-to-end performance of GPSR. We use TinyOS and TOSSIM for the implementation and simulation, respectively.
CopyCat
Authors: Jan P. Meier-Kolthoff, Alexander F. Auch, Daniel H. Huson, Markus Göker
Venue: Bioinformatics (2007)

Summary: We have developed the software CopyCat which provides an easy and fast access to cophylogenetic analyses. It incorporates a wrapper for the program ParaFit, which conducts a statistical test for the presence of congruence between host and parasite phylogenies. CopyCat offers various features, such as the creation of customized host–parasite association data and the computation of phylogenetic host/parasite trees based on the NCBI taxonomy. Availability: CopyCat and its manual are freely available at http://www-ab.informatik.uni-tuebingen.de/software/copycat. Contact: auch@informatik.uni-tuebingen.de Supplementary information: Results of the real-world example can be found at http://www-ab.informatik.uni-tuebingen.de/software/copycat or Bioinformatics online.
ICA based Noise Subtraction for Linear System Identification in Additive Noisy Output
Authors: Ying Gao, Yue Li, Baojun Yang
Venue: Proceedings of the Eighth ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking, and Parallel/Distributed Computing - Volume 01 (2007)

This paper presents a new paradigm for linear system identification with additive noisy output and finds a powerful noise cancellation method. This method treats the model of system identification as an ICA problem with source signals received by several observed signals so that the estimate of noise can be obtained from the observed signals and then reduced from the noisy output by using an easy subtraction. This method does not rely on the statistic characteristics of the additive noise and can work well under low SNR conditions. Moreover, it settles the two ambiguities of the separated noise that are inherent in ICA by using some special characters of the mixing matrix. Synthetic data are applied to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, and improved performance is obtained.