ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Capturing Complementary Information via Reversed Filter Bank and Parallel Implementation with MFCC for Improved Text-Independent Speaker Identification
Authors: Sandipan Chakroborty, Anindya Roy, Sourav Majumdar, Goutam Saha
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computing: Theory and Applications (2007)

A state of the art Speaker Identification (SI) system requires a robust feature extraction unit followed by a speaker modeling scheme for generalized representation of these features. Over the years, Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) modeled on the human auditory system have been used as a standard acoustic feature set for SI applications. However, due to the structure of its filter bank, it captures vocal tract characteristics more effectively in the lower frequency regions. This work proposes a new set of features using a complementary filter bank structure which improves distinguishability of speaker specific cues present in the higher frequency zone. Unlike high level features that are difficult to extract, the proposed feature set involves little computational burden during the extraction process. When combined with MFCC via a parallel implementation of speaker models, the proposed feature improves performance baseline of MFCC based system. The proposition is validated by experiments conducted on two different kinds of databases namely YOHO (microphone speech) and POLYCOST (telephone speech) with two different classifier paradigms, namely Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM) and Polynomial Classifier (PC) and for various model orders.
Temperature aware task scheduling in MPSoCs
Authors: Ayse Kivilcim Coskun, Tajana Simunic Rosing, Keith Whisnant
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe (2007)

In deep submicron circuits, elevation in temperatures has brought new challenges in reliability, timing, performance, cooling costs and leakage power. Conventional thermal management techniques sacrifice performance to control the thermal behavior by slowing down or turning off the processors when a critical temperature threshold is exceeded. Moreover, studies have shown that in addition to high temperatures, temporal and spatial variations in temperature impact system reliability. In this work, we explore the benefits of thermally aware task scheduling for multiprocessor systems-on-a-chip (MPSoC). We design and evaluate OS-level dynamic scheduling policies with negligible performance overhead. We show that, using simple to implement policies that make decisions based on temperature measurements, better temporal and spatial thermal profiles can be achieved in comparison to state-of-art schedulers. We also enhance reactive strategies such as dynamic thread migration with our scheduling policies. This way, hot spots and temperature variations are decreased, and the performance cost is significantly reduced.
Development of an automated crash notification system: an undergraduate research experience
Authors: H. C. Gabler
Venue: Proceedings of the 30th Annual Frontiers in Education - Volume 02 (2000)

This paper reports on a multidisciplinary undergraduate research project to design, develop, and test a low cost automated crash notification system. The completed in-vehicle system combines wireless communications and Global Positioning Systems with a network of silicon accelerometers to detect a serious automotive collision and automatically summon Emergency Medical Services (EMS) to the crash site. The paper discusses the results of the development effort, the multidisciplinary nature of the project and the undergraduate team, and the challenge of balancing contractual commitments and ensuring a rewarding undergraduate research experience.
Robust mixtures in the presence of measurement errors
Authors: Jianyong Sun, Ata Kabán, Somak Raychaudhury
Venue: Proceedings of the 24th international conference on Machine learning (2007)

We develop a mixture-based approach to robust density modeling and outlier detection for experimental multivariate data that includes measurement error information. Our model is designed to infer atypical measurements that are not due to errors, aiming to retrieve potentially interesting peculiar objects. Since exact inference is not possible in this model, we develop a tree-structured variational EM solution. This compares favorably against a fully factorial approximation scheme, approaching the accuracy of a Markov-Chain-EM, while maintaining computational simplicity. We demonstrate the benefits of including measurement errors in the model, in terms of improved outlier detection rates in varying measurement uncertainty conditions. We then use this approach for detecting peculiar quasars from an astrophysical survey, given photometric measurements with errors.
A Novel Unambiguous Multipath Mitigation Scheme for BOC(kn, n) Tracking in GNSS
Authors: Sanghun Kim, Seungsoo Yoo, Seokho Yoon, Sun Yong Kim
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 International Symposium on Applications and the Internet Workshops (2007)

Binary offset carrier (BOC) signal tracking is one of the challenging problems in future global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) including Galileo and global positioning system (GPS), because false lock could be generated in the tracking procedure due to multiple side-peaks in BOC autocorrelation. Multipath mitigation is another challenging problem in GNSS systems, because the presence of multi-path signals gives a range error. Recently, a novel tracking scheme for the BOC signal was proposed by Garin [8]. However, it can not completely resolve the ambiguity problem due to the false lock and has not enough multipath mitigation performance. Moreover, Garin's scheme is applicable to only BOC(n, n). In this paper, we propose a novel unambiguous multipath mitigation scheme. The proposed scheme is applicable to various BOC signals (i.e., BOC(kn, n)) and does not incur false lock point in the tracking procedure. In addition, the proposed scheme has appropriate multipath mitigation performance than traditional and Garin's schemes.
Evaluation and analysis of a face and voice outdoor multi-biometric system
Authors: H. Vajaria, T. Islam, P. Mohanty, S. Sarkar, R. Sankar, R. Kasturi
Venue: Pattern Recognition Letters (2007)

A biometric sample collected in an uncontrolled outdoor environment varies significantly from its indoor version. Sample variations due to outdoor environmental conditions degrade the performance of biometric systems that otherwise perform well with indoor samples. In this study, we quantitatively evaluate such performance degradation in the case of a face and a voice biometric system. We also investigate how elementary combination schemes involving min-max or z normalization followed by the sum or max fusion rule can improve performance of the multi-biometric system. We use commercial biometric systems to collect face and voice samples from the same subjects in an environment that closely mimics the operational scenario. This realistic evaluation on a dataset of 116 subjects shows that the system performance degrades in outdoor scenarios but by multi-modal score fusion the performance is enhanced by 20%. We also find that max rule fusion performs better than sum rule fusion on this dataset. More interestingly, we see that by using multiple samples of the same biometric modality, the performance of a unimodal system can approach that of a multi-modal system.
Analyzing Volume Diagnosis Results with Statistical Learning for Yield Improvement
Authors: Huaxing Tang, Sharma Manish, Janusz Rajski, Martin Keim, Brady Benware
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th IEEE European Test Symposium (2007)

A novel statistical learning algorithm is proposed to accurately analyze volume diagnosis results. This algorithm effectively overcomes the inherent ambiguities in logic diagnosis, to produce accurate feature failure probabilities, which are critical in understanding systematic yield limiters. The results of Monte-Carlo simulation are presented, which demonstrate the feasibility and impacts of various factors on this approach. Additional experiments based on injected defects are performed, which confirm the ability of this approach to generate accurate feature failure probabilities for an industrial design using actual diagnosis results.
The impact of computer-assisted instruction on students' achievement in introductory computer applications courses at a predominately african-american university
Authors: Mabel Cpo Okojie
Venue:  (2006)

This study examined the impact of SAM 2003&reg; into a college level introductory computer applications course at a predominately African-American university in the mid-south. The study included three intact classes of an introductory computer applications course during the spring 2006 semester. The study was a quasi-experimental study using a pretest/posttest experimental and control group design. Participants in the control group received lecture only. Participants in the experimental groups received SAM 2003&reg; only or lecture supplemented with SAM 2003&reg;. The instruments that were used consisted of a pretest/posttest and a demographics survey. The pretest was given prior to the study to determine equivalence among the three groups. The posttest was administered after the experimental groups received the exposure to SAM 2003&reg;. The survey was used to collect demographic data on the research participants.Descriptive statistics, t-tests, one-way ANOVA and Fisher LSD post hoc test were used to analyze the data.The findings of the study showed that there was no significant difference on participants' posttest scores who were taught using lecture only, SAM 2003&reg; only, and lecture supplemented with SAM 2003&reg;. Secondly, results of the posttest revealed freshmen displayed higher posttest scores than sophomores, juniors and seniors. There was a significant difference among freshman and sophomore and freshman and junior based on the posttest scores.This study offered recommendations for additional research such as randomly selecting the participants, extending the study for a longer period, increasing the population size and conducting the study at another predominately African American university in the mid-south.
Time monitoring for students
Authors: D. Carrington
Venue: Proceedings of the 28th Annual Frontiers in Education - Volume 01 (1998)

As part of the assessment requirements for a course on software design and testing, students are required to monitor the amount of time they spent on this course on a weekly basis. Three time values are required: in-class time, solo study time and group study time (since the course requires that assignments are completed by groups of three or four students). In addition, after each assignment students have to complete a one-page report on the preceding four or five weeks summarizing their time usage including a self-evaluation or reflection. The goal is to encourage students to develop insight into their own behavior, possibly leading to improvements. Student reaction to the task has been generally unfavorable as many students feel that the task is demeaning and pointless. On the other hand, they participate as the task forms part of the course assessment and it is perceived as an easy component to satisfy. Fortunately, some students are positive about the task. These students use the task as intended to extend their understanding of their own approach to learning. One proposal for improving the task is to link it to student-prepared plans developed in advance for each assignment.
Rank enhancement for eigenstructure based direction finding using arrays with non-uniform element responses
Authors: B. D. Jeffs
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 06 (1996)

This paper presents a new spatial smoothing approach for rank enhancement in sensor array direction finding applications. The method works with coherent scene data when non-uniform array element gains would make conventional smoothing ineffective. Sub-array data is pre-weighted before smoothing to regularize the problem, and so that a consistent phase and gain structure is maintained across the sub-arrays.
The SAD System in Three Dimensions
Authors: Anatoly Anisimov, Alexander Lyaletski
Venue: Proceedings of the Eighth International Symposium on Symbolic and Numeric Algorithms for Scientific Computing (2006)

In this paper, the approach to the development of deductive assistance based on the current state of the System for Automated Deduction, SAD, is described briefly. The SAD may be considered as a three-dimensional "shell" for deductive assistance in a formal natural language environment when solving a number of scientific and industrial tasks requiring automated theorem proving, verification of formal texts, construction of knowledge bases for formalized theories, integration of symbolic calculation with deduction, and so on.
A Context Sensitive Public Display for Adaptive Multi-User Information Visualization
Authors: Ana Hilda Morales-Aranda, Oscar Mayora-Ibarra
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Autonomic and Autonomous Systems (2007)

The use of Public Displays as ubiquitous information visualization means will exploit in the future. These kinds of displays will provide different communities with means for showing opportunistic, information for different users as well as personal information contextualized to the specific moment, situation and location. Current research in this area has identified several problems that are still unsolved concerning simultaneous, multiple user information visualizations. Specific problems raised in this area deal with usability, privacy and personal information management in shared spaces. This paper presents preliminary work that address these open problems and presents ongoing research towards the definition of a model for managing context, content and user interface visualizations for multi-users public displays.
Policy-Driven Distributed Authorization: Status and Prospects
Authors: Marianne Winslett
Venue: Proceedings of the Eighth IEEE International Workshop on Policies for Distributed Systems and Networks (2007)

Policies show great potential as a way to control the behavior of complex computer systems. In the case of authorization decisions in large distributed systems, policies offer the potential to abstract away from the details of who is allowed to access which services, under which conditions. This layer of abstraction is both a challenge and an opportunity: policy-driven distributed authorization systems may be more manageable, scalable, available, and secure than previous approaches---or they may be just the opposite. In the talk that accompanies this paper paper, we survey the status of the field and its near-term prospects, from both a theoretical and a practical perspective, and point out the major barriers to the adoption of policy-driven authorization systems in industry.
Social Issues in Organizations
Authors: Donald L. Amoroso, Michael B. Knight
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (2007)

Social issues in organizations represents one of the most often discussed underpinnings in information systems research throughout the tenure of the IS field. Social issues are those research topics most aligned with the human factor in terms of information systems planning, development and utilization. This mini-track was designed to include all aspects of social issues that are impacted by information technology affecting organizations and inter-organizational structures. This includes the conceptualization of specific social issues and their associated constructs, proposed designs and infrastructures, empirical validation of social models, and case studies illustrating socialization success and failures. Key topics thus cover areas as diverse as ethics; culture; relationships; human interaction; security; and design.
Data structure visualization with latex and prefuse
Authors: Ali S. Erkan, T. J. VanSlyke, Timothy M. Scaffidi
Venue: ACM SIGCSE Bulletin (2007)

We report two ways with which data structures as well as their algorithmic operations can be visualized. The first method uses LaTeX to automatically generate diagrammatic presentation material from extended versions of the Java implementations of well-known ADTs. The second method uses the Prefuse API to explore objects created in running Java programs.
Application of adaptive control to the fluctuation of engine speed at idle
Authors: DaeEun Kim, Jaehong Park
Venue: Information Sciences: an International Journal (2007)

Idle speed control in a fuel-injection engine system has focused on controlling long-term averages of engine speed, but short-term fluctuations of engine speed have been neglected. The torque differences among cylinders influence the idle stability and cause vibration of the vehicle. In this paper, we introduce two intelligent control systems to reduce the fluctuations of engine speed at idle, an evolutionary computing control based on genetic algorithms and a stochastic control based on Alopex algorithm. We first estimate the torque differences among the cylinders by observing an engine cycle of crankshaft angular speed. Then the uniformity level over the engine speed is fedback into the control system. It manipulates spark ignition timings to suppress unbalanced combustions among the cylinders. We test the two adaptive approaches with simulation of a nonlinear engine model, and compare their performances.
An equilibrium model for matching impatient demand and patient supply over time
Authors: Garud Iyengar, Anuj Kumar
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th ACM conference on Electronic commerce (2007)

We present a simple dynamic equilibrium model for an online exchange where both buyers and sellers arrive according to a exogenously defined stochastic process. The structure of this exchange is motivated by the limit order book mechanism used in stock markets. Both buyers and sellers are elastic in the price-quantity space; however, only the sellers are assumed to be patient, i.e. only the sellers have a price - time elasticity, whereas the buyers are assumed to be impatient. Sellers select their selling price as a best response to all the other sellers' strategies. We define and establish the existence of the equilibrium in this model and show how to numerically compute this equilibrium. We also show how to compute other relevant quantities such as the equilibrium expected time to sale and equilibrium expected order density, as well as the expected order density conditioned on current selling price. We derive a closed form for the equilibrium distribution when the demand is price independent. At this equilibrium the selling (limit order) price distribution is power tailed as is empirically observed in order driven financial markets.
System identification using orthogonal functions and application to acoustic echo cancellation
Authors: I. Haskan
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1999. on 1999 IEEE International Conference - Volume 04 (1999)

A new Laguerre domain adaptive filter algorithm, referred to as the Laguene domain adaptive filter II (LDAF II), is proposed. The performance of the adaptive filtering algorithms is examined by a simulated acoustic echo cancellation application. The performances of the algorithm are specified using various quantities. All the results of the work, for different performance quantities, are presented with several graphics, and they are compared with Legendre functions based adaptive filter (LFB ADF), and LMS adaptive filter (LMS ADF).
Text/Graphics Separation in Color Maps
Authors: Partha Pratim Roy, Josep Llados, Umapada Pal
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computing: Theory and Applications (2007)

Text/Graphics separation in document image analysis is one of the main concerns in present research work. The complexity enhances when both text and graphics overlap in the context of Maps in color images. This paper discusses a number of improvements to text/graphics separation methods to make it suitable for Maps. Emphasize is given to the overlapping regions of text and graphics. It also discusses a method of color separation using clustering method for the purpose of text/graphics separation.
A novel hybrid technique for discrete rate-distortion optimization with applications to fast codebook search for SVQ
Authors: Youngjun Yoo
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 04 (1996)

A key part of any efficient source coder involves the optimal allocation of bit rate among a discrete set of competing quantization choices, as employed in the selected coding paradigm. This can be classified under the general label of budget-constrained discrete optimization, with coding applications including optimal bit allocation in scalar or vector quantizer based frameworks, entropy-constrained quantization frameworks, and codebook search for scalar-vector quantization (SVQ). For this class of problems dynamic programming (DP) methods (such as the Viterbi algorithm) provide the optimal solution. However DP is typically very costly computationally. An alternate technique to solving this class of problems uses Lagrange multipliers. This approach is much more efficient than DP but cannot guarantee optimality in general as it limits itself to convex-hull operating points, which may be sparse in many applications. We propose a novel hybrid technique that combines the speed of the Lagrangian approach with the versatility of the DP technique that is aimed at extracting the "best of both worlds". We present an application of our hybrid technique to the codebook search problem for SVQ, demonstrating significantly improved speed over the previously proposed DP-based search methods while mitigating the suboptimality of the Lagrangian based approach.
New interactive tools for graph algorithms active learning
Authors: M. Gloria Sánchez-Torrubia, Carmen Torres-Blanc, Juan Castellanos
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th annual SIGCSE conference on Innovation and technology in computer science education (2007)

In this poster, some tools for graph algorithms active learning are presented. These tools pursue a new goal on computer assisted educational resources, so as to acting as authentic virtual trainers extending teacher's hand through the Web. In other words, they are on line self assessment tools that help students to execute the algorithms by themselves, correcting their mistakes and providing students with clues to find the right solution. Furthermore, the tools might be used as complementary material for bLearning.
A high-fidelity speech and audio codec with low delay and low complexity
Authors: Juin-Hwey Chen
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 02 (2000)

This paper presents a high-fidelity speech and audio codec operating at a sampling rate of 32 kHz and a bit rate of 64 kbit/s. Designed primarily for real-time speech communication systems with high port densities, this MDCT-based transform codec has a very low coding delay (8 ms frame size) and low codec complexity (less than 10 MIPS on a 16-bit fixed-point DSP). The codec achieves essentially transparent quality for speech, and very close to transparent quality for music. A novel frame erasure concealment algorithm makes this codec robust to frame erasures for both speech and music. Another novel feature allows the decoder to decode the bit stream directly into a 16 kHz or 8 kHz sampled signal, without the need to decode a 32 kHz signal first and then down-sample it to the target sampling rate. Other novel features include some speed-memory trade-off techniques to reduce the computational complexity.