ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
A Semantic Event Detection Approach for Soccer Video based on Perception Concepts and Finiste State Machines
Authors: Liang Bai, Songyang Lao, Weiming Zhang, Gareth J. F. Jones, Alan F. Smeaton
Venue: Proceedings of the Eight International Workshop on Image Analysis for Multimedia Interactive Services (2007)

A significant application area for automated video analysis technology is the generation of personalized highlights of sports events. Sports games are always composed of a range of significant events. Automatically detecting these events in a sports video can enable users to interactively select their own highlights. In this paper we propose a semantic event detection approach based on Perception Concepts and Finite State Machines to automatically detect significant events within soccer video. Firstly we define a Perception Concept set for soccer videos based on identifiable feature elements within a soccer video. Secondly we design PC-FSM models to describe semantic events in soccer videos. A particular strength of this approach is that users are able to design their own semantic events and transfer event detection into graph matching. Experimental results based on recorded soccer broadcasts are used to illustrate the potential of this approach.
On-line order selection for communications
Authors: H. Ni
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 200. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 02 (2001)

We address the problem of on-line order determination for communications and show that the penalized partial likelihood criterion provides a suitable likelihood framework for the problem by allowing correlations among samples and online processing ability. An on-line, efficient order selection scheme is developed assuming that the observations can be modeled by a finite normal mixture model without imposing any additional conditions on the unknown system, such as linearity. Channel equalization by finite normal mixtures is considered as an example for which correct order determination is critical and examples are presented to show the application and effectiveness of the approach.
High-Performance MPI Broadcast Algorithm for Grid Environments Utilizing Multi-lane NICs
Authors: Tatsuhiro Chiba, Toshio Endo, Satoshi Matsuoka
Venue: Proceedings of the Seventh IEEE International Symposium on Cluster Computing and the Grid (2007)

The performance of MPI collective operations, such as broadcast and reduction, is heavily affected by network topologies, especially in grid environments. Many techniques to construct efficient broadcast trees have been proposed for grids. On the other hand, recent high performance computing nodes are often equipped with multi-lane network interface cards (NICs), most previous collective communication methods fail to harness effectively. Our new broadcast algorithm for grid environments harnesses almost all downward and upward bandwidths of multi-lane NICs; A message to be broadcast is split into two pieces, which are broadcast along two independent binary trees in a pipelined fashion, and swapped between both trees. The salient feature of our algorithm is generality; it works effectively on both large clusters and grid environments. It can be also applied to nodes with a single NIC, by making multiple sockets share the NIC. Experimentations on a emulated network environment show that we achieve higher performance than traditional methods, regardless of network topologies or the message sizes.
Using Formal Ontology Representation and Alignment Strategies to Enhance Resource Integration in Multi Vendor Autonomic Environments
Authors: Karin Breitman, Marcelo Perazolo
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE International Workshop on Engineering of Autonomic and Autonomous Systems (2007)

The success of the autonomic computing vision [Kephart03] relies in its capacity of correlating heterogeneous resources such as databases, switches, routers, server systems, load balancers, web servers and/or application servers are just a few possibilities of resources that coexist in a data center today. These resources are provided by multiple vendors, and consequently implement different manageability interfaces. This multiplicity of resources also requires an ecosystem of multiple different management applications, delivered by a number of different management application vendors. Many of these vendors are now re-engineering their management infrastructure to become more autonomic and achieve the inherent value associated to a more independent management solution. Unfortunately many of the existing autonomic capabilities today are point solutions that are not easily integrated in a multivendor environment, nor emphasize the necessary collaboration. A true multi-vendor autonomic solution would enable the sharing and reuse of management information between heterogeneous management applications. In this paper we argue in favor of formalizing resource representations in a way that allows for automatic negotiation and integration of heterogeneous resources. We propose the use of formal ontology as a conceptual model in which to represent IT resources and present CATO, an ontology integration engine developed to provide semantic interoperability among resources in a heterogeneous environment.
Secure Real-Time Traffic in Hybrid Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Authors: Ilkka Uusitalo, Teemu Vaisanen, Juhani Latvakoski
Venue: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications Workshops - Volume 02 (2007)

We describe a test environment and present results for securing real -time traffic in a hybrid mobile ad hoc network. We adapted existing security and mobility technologies into the hybrid mobile ad hoc network context and applied them to provide security for VoIP calls. We evaluated the feasibility of the technologies, and compared their behavior. We also simplified an existing ad hoc routing protocol implementation to suit the needs of our small network. Finally, measurements were carried out regarding delays, overheads and bandwidth usage of the technologies.
Empirical study of tolerating denial-of-service attacks with a proxy network
Authors: Ju Wang, Xin Liu, Andrew A. Chien
Venue: Proceedings of the 14th conference on USENIX Security Symposium - Volume 14 (2005)

Proxy networks have been proposed to protect applications from Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks. However, since large-scale study in real networks is infeasible and most previous simulations have failed to capture detailed network behavior, the DoS resilience and performance implications of such use are not well understood in large networks. While post-mortems of actual large-scale attacks are useful, only limited dynamic behavior can be understood from these single instances. Our work provides the first detailed and broad study of this problem in large-scale realistic networks. The key is that we use an online network simulator to simulate a realistic large-scale network (comparable to several large ISPs). We use a generic proxy network, and deploy it in a large simulated network using typical real applications and DoS tools directly. We study detailed system dynamics under various attack scenarios and proxy network configurations. Specific results are as follows. First, rather than incurring a performance penalty, proxy networks can improve users' experienced performance. Second, proxy networks can effectively mitigate the impact of both spread and concentrated large-scale DoS attacks in large networks. Third, proxy networks provide scalable DoS-resilience - resilience can be scaled up to meet the size of the attack, enabling application performance to be protected. Resilience increases almost linearly with the size of a proxy network; that is, the attack traffic that a given proxy network can resist, while preserving a particular level of application performance, grows almost linearly with proxy network size. These results provide empirical evidence that proxy networks can be used to tolerate DoS attacks and quantitative guidelines for designing a proxy network to meet a resilience goal.
Robust speaker modeling using perceptually motivated feature
Authors: Waleed H. Abdulla
Venue: Pattern Recognition Letters (2007)

This paper introduces a novel method to extract robust features for text-independent speaker identification from short utterances. This method is perceptually motivated and inspired by the perceptual linear prediction (PLP) technique. The new feature is called perceptual log area ratio (PLAR). It is perceptual in the sense that it depends on notions from psychoacoustics where the robustness can be assured. Also, the log area ratio is an effective feature for recognizing speakers as it embodies the geometry and dynamics of the vocal tract, which are very much person-dependent. This research thus focuses on providing a reliable vocal biometric from speakers, which can be used effectively with full-band and telephone-band speech in noisy environments. Intensive performance analysis has been performed to benchmark the proposed method against the commonly-used features using different databases in different noisy environments. In almost all usable cases the PLAR proved its superiority over the commonly-used features such as MFCC and LPCC.
Sendmail evolution: 8.10 and beyond
Authors: Gregory Neil Shapiro, Eric Allman
Venue: Proceedings of the annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference (1999)

SendmailTM has been the de facto mail transfer agent implementation since the dawn of the Internet. Today, sendmail development is still driven by a continually changing set of network requirements and user demands. Lately, two new driving forces have also contributed to sendmail development. First, as more open source mail transfer agents, such as Exim and Postfix, become available, a new friendly competition has developed in which the authors of the various MTAs share their ideas via open source and help to advance open standards as opposed to advancing their own particular implementation. Second, a new "hybrid" company, Sendmail, Inc., has been created to offer commercial versions of the open source software while continuing to fuel open source development. This paper will briefly discuss the evolution of sendmail; the influences which drive sendmail development; and how the creation of Sendmail, Inc. has contributed to the open source version. The paper will also describe the new features appearing in the next "functionality release" of open source sendmail. In particular, changes in queueing and new protocol support are discussed. Finally, the authors will speculate on future directions for sendmail.
Microarchitecture floorplanning for sub-threshold leakage reduction
Authors: Hushrav D. Mogal, Kia Bazargan
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe (2007)

Lateral heat conduction between modules affects the temperature profile of a floorplan, affecting the leakage power of individual blocks which increasingly is becoming a larger fraction of the overall power consumption with scaling of fabrication technologies. By modeling temperature dependent leakage power within a microarchitecture-aware floorplanning process, we propose a method that reduces sub-threshold leakage power. To that end, two leakage models are used: a transient formulation independent of any leakage power model and a simpler formulation derived from an empirical leakage power model, both showing good fidelity to detailed transient simulations. Our algorithm can reduce subthreshold leakage by upto 15% with a minor degradation in performance, compared to a floorplanning process that does not model leakage. We also show the importance of modeling whites-pace during floorplanning and its impact on leakage savings.
Semantically Enabling the Global Geodynamics Project: Incorporating Feature-Based Annotations via XML Pointer Language (XPointer)
Authors: L. I. Lumb, J. I. Lederman, J. R. Freemantle, K. D. Aldridge
Venue: Proceedings of the 21st International Symposium on High Performance Computing Systems and Applications (2007)

Earth Science Markup Language (ESML) is efficient and effective in representing scientific data in an XML-based formalism. However, features of the data being represented are not accounted for in ESML. Such features might derive from events, identifications, or some other source. In order to account for features in an ESML context, they are considered from the perspective of annotation. Although it is possible to extend ESML to incorporate feature-based annotations internally, there are complicating factors identified that apply to ESML and most XML dialects. Rather than pursue the ESML-extension approach, an external representation for feature-based annotations via XML Pointer Language (XPointer) is developed. In previous work, it has been shown that it is possible to extract relationships from ESML-based representations, and capture the results in the Resource Description Format (RDF). Application of this same requirement to XPointer-based annotations of ESML representations results in a revised semantic framework for the Global Geodynamics Project (GGP).
Collaborative learning tools as part of an open architecture
Authors: M. Cohen
Venue: Proceedings of the 30th Annual Frontiers in Education - Volume 02 (2000)

In order to build a virtual university, one of the purposes of the Campus Global project at PUCRS is to study and develop tools for distance learning environments. This paper presents the development of two of these tools, namely the whiteboard and chat tools. They are designed to fit the specifications of the open architecture proposed in the project, developed as independent modules. The entire system was developed in the Java language, thus providing excellent portability.
Design of Test Access Mechanism for AMBA-Based System-on-a-Chip
Authors: Jaehoon Song, Piljae Min, Hyunbean Yi, Sungju Park
Venue: Proceedings of the 25th IEEE VLSI Test Symmposium (2007)

Test Interface Controller (TIC) provided by ARM Ltd. is widely used for functional testing of System-on-a-Chip (SoC) which adopts an Advanced Microcontroller Bus Architecture (AMBA) bus system. Unfortunately, this architecture has the deficiency of not being able to concurrently shift in and out the structural scan test patterns through the TIC and AMBA bus. This paper introduces a new AMBA based Test Access Mechanism (ATAM) for speedy testing of SoCs embedding ARM cores. Since scan-in and out operations can be performed simultaneously, test application time on the expensive Automatic Test Equipment (ATE) can be drastically reduced while preserving the compatibility with the ARM TIC.
Bayesian estimation of non-minimum phase wavelets applied to marine reflection seismic data
Authors: O. Rosec
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1999. on 1999 IEEE International Conference - Volume 05 (1999)

The problem of wavelet estimation for marine seismology is investigated with a Bayesian approach applied to a Bernoulli-Gaussian model. We specify proper prior distributions for all unknown quantities including the seismic wavelet, the parameters of the reflectivity sequence and noise. To solve this estimation problem, an algorithm close to a stochastic version of the EM algorithm is used. The random variables are generated iteratively by a simple Monte-Carlo method namely the Gibbs sampler. But the direct application of this procedure often leads to a local minimum of the likelihood function resulting in a shifted and distorted wavelet. We propose a general method to obtain the true solution which systematically uses different shifted wavelets to reinitialize the algorithm. Then we rerun the procedure on each initialization and retain the wavelet which minimizes the noise variance.
Developing multimedia instructional material for the engineering course in dynamic systems
Authors: M. T. Glinkowski
Venue: Proceedings of the 26th Annual Frontiers in Education - Volume 01 (1996)

Incorporating computer based multimedia material in college teaching has been almost a trend impossible to refuse. It is important to remember that simply following the trend usually yields poor results and costs far more than anticipated. The paper presents a process of developing multimedia instructional material for a college level engineering course in dynamic systems that did not just follow the trend of squeezing the multimedia into an already intensive conventional course material but rather tried to take unique advantage of the new technology to make the learning of the material more student-active and at the same time reduce the course load. An increased efficiency of the course delivery as means of controlling the escalating cost of the educational process has been an additional objective in this effort.
Generating an /spl omega/-tile set for texture synthesis
Authors: T.-Y. Ng, C. Wen, T.-S. Tan, Xinyu Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the Computer Graphics International 2005 (2005)

This paper presents an effective approach to generate a set of small textures from an input texture that can be tiled together to synthesize large textures. Such a small set can be useful in texturing any large area realistically and efficiently while consuming only a small amount of texture memory. Our approach is advantageous in its ability to generate a smaller number of tiles that can embed much more texture patterns and with less conspicuous seams within each tile than earlier approaches. As a result, our approach can generate large textures that look as if each were from a continuous part of the input texture while avoiding highly repetitive patterns. In general, our approach performs very well and shows a particular strength, compared to earlier approaches, for input textures of elaborate or relatively large features, or with distinctive colors.
Visual Tcl: building a distributed multipersonality GUI toolkit for Tcl
Authors: Mike Hopkirk
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th conference on USENIX Tcl/Tk Workshop, 1996 - Volume 4 (1996)

This paper details some of the Requirements, Design, Architecture, History and Lessons learnt in implementing Visual Tcl (Vtcl) - A distributed multiple GUI toolkit extension to Tcl oriented initially and mainly at generating User Interfaces for System Administration use.
Errors in Attacks on Authentication Protocols
Authors: Anders Moen Hagalisletto
Venue: Proceedings of the The Second International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security (2007)

A tool for automated validation of attacks on authentication protocols has been used to find several flaws and ambiguities in the list of attacks described in the well known report by Clark and Jacob. In this paper the errors are presented and classified. Corrected descriptions of the incorrect attacks are given for the attacks that can be easily repaired.
Combustion Chamber Fluid Dynamics and Hypergolic Gel Propellant Chemistry Simulations for Selectable Thrust Rocket Engines
Authors: Michael J. Nusca, Michael J. McQuaid
Venue: Proceedings of the HPCMP Users Group Conference (2006)

This paper describes the development and application of high performance computing for the acceleration of tactical missile hypergolic propulsion system development. Computational fluid dynamics is employed to model the chemically reacting flow within a system's combustion chamber, and computational chemistry is employed to characterize propellant physical and reactive properties. Accomplishments from the past year are presented and discussed.
A parameter expansion version of the SAEM algorithm
Authors: Marc Lavielle, Cristian Meza
Venue: Statistics and Computing (2007)

The EM algorithm and its extensions are very popular tools for maximum likelihood estimation in incomplete data setting. However, one of the limitations of these methods is their slow convergence. The PX-EM (parameter-expanded EM) algorithm was proposed by Liu, Rubin and Wu to make EM much faster. On the other hand, stochastic versions of EM are powerful alternatives of EM when the E-step is untractable in a closed form. In this paper we propose the PX-SAEM which is a parameter expansion version of the so-called SAEM (Stochastic Approximation version of EM). PX-SAEM is shown to accelerate SAEM and improve convergence toward the maximum likelihood estimate in a parametric framework. Numerical examples illustrate the behavior of PX-SAEM in linear and nonlinear mixed effects models.
Automatic evaluation of speaker recognizability of coded speech
Authors: K. T. Assaleh
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 01 (1996)

This paper proposes a methodology that uses automatic speaker recognition for evaluating the speaker recognizability of processed speech. This methodology provides an efficient measure (an objective one) that is hoped to replace subjective tests which involve human listeners. Preliminary experiments have been conducted using speech processed through the following coders: LPC-10 2400 bps (FS 1015), CELP 4800 bps (FS 1016), and PSELP 2400 pbs.
A Program of Study of the Use of Stories in DSS
Authors: David B. Paradice
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (2007)

Storytelling is an innate human characteristic. Stories are used to manage meaning, control behavior, and facilitate identification and bonding [9]. The theory of identification and unobtrusive control [48] enhances theories of sense making in organizations [52] and argues that when members identify with the organization, they accept and use the organization's premises when defining feasible alternatives to problems and consequently make choices consistent with desired organizational behavior. Stories can be used in many ways, including the inculcation of organizational culture and values (i.e., premises) that could be used to influence member behavior. However, no one has examined how technology could be used to integrate stories into computer-based decision-making processes. This paper reviews storytelling and stories, identification and unobtrusive control theory, and narratology (the study of narratives). It synthesizes these three areas into a program of study into the use of stories in computer-based decision support.
Iterative algorithms for multi-valued inclusions with Z mappings
Authors: Igor V. Konnov
Venue: Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics (2007)

We consider a problem of solution of a multi-valued inclusion with Z-type mapping on a cone segment and propose extensions of Jacobi algorithms to find its solution. A modified double iteration process yields both upper and lower solutions. Some examples of applications are also described.
An algorithm for centroid-based tracking of moving objects
Authors: J. C. Nascimento
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1999. on 1999 IEEE International Conference - Volume 06 (1999)

This article addresses the problem of tracking moving objects using deformable models. A Kalman-based algorithm is presented, inspired by a new class of constrained clustering methods, proposed by Abrantes and Marques (1996) in the context of static shape estimation. A set of data centroids is tracked using intra-frame and inter-frame recursions. Centroids are computed as weighted sums of the edge points belonging to the object boundary. The use of centroids introduces competitive learning mechanisms in the tracking algorithm leading to improved robustness with respect to occlusion and contour sliding. Experimental results with traffic sequences are provided.