ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
The acquisition of inductive constraints
Authors: Joshua Tenenbaum
Venue:  (2008)

Human learners routinely make inductive inferences, or inferences that go beyond the data they have observed. Inferences like these must be supported by constraints, some of which are innate, although others are almost certainly learned. This thesis presents a hierarchical Bayesian framework that helps to explain the nature, use and acquisition of inductive constraints. Hierarchical Bayesian models include multiple levels of abstraction, and the representations at the upper levels place constraints on the representations at the lower levels. The probabilistic nature of these models allows them to make statistical inferences at multiple levels of abstraction. In particular, they show how knowledge can be acquired at levels quite remote from the data of experience&mdash;levels where the representations learned are naturally described as inductive constraints. Hierarchical Bayesian models can address inductive problems from many domains but this thesis focuses on models that address three aspects of high-level cognition. The first model is sensitive to patterns of feature variability, and acquires constraints similar to the shape bias in word learning. The second model acquires causal schemata&mdash;systems of abstract causal knowledge that allow learners to discover causal relationships given very sparse data. The final model discovers the structural form of a domain&mdash;for instance, it discovers whether the relationships between a set of entities are best described by a tree, a chain, a ring, or some other kind of representation. The hierarchical Bayesian approach captures several principles that go beyond traditional formulations of learning theory. It supports learning at multiple levels of abstraction, it handles structured representations, and it helps to explain how learning can succeed given sparse and noisy data. Principles like these are needed to explain how humans acquire rich systems of knowledge, and hierarchical Bayesian models point the way towards a modern learning theory that is better able to capture the sophistication of human learning. (Copies available exclusively from MIT Libraries, Rm. 14-0551, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307. Ph. 617-253-5668; Fax 617-253-1690.)
A Domain Theoretic Model of Qubit Channels
Authors: Keye Martin
Venue: Proceedings of the 35th international colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming, Part II (2008)

We prove that the spectral order provides a domain theoretic model of qubit channels. Specifically, we show that the spectral order is the unique partial order on quantum states whose least element is the completely mixed state, which satisfies the mixing law and has the property that a qubit channel is unital iff it is Scott continuous and has a Scott closed set of fixed points. This result is used to show that the Holevo capacity of a unital qubit channel is determined by the largest value of its informatic derivative. In particular, these channels always have an informatic derivative that is necessarily not a classical derivative.
A Framework for Measuring and Evaluating Program Source Code Quality
Authors: Hironori Washizaki, Rieko Namiki, Tomoyuki Fukuoka, Yoko Harada, Hiroyuki Watanabe
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Product-Focused Software Process Improvement (2007)

The effect of the quality of program source code on the cost of development and maintenance as well as on final system performance has resulted in a demand for technology that can measure and evaluate the quality with high precision. Many metrics have been proposed for measuring quality, but none have been able to provide a comprehensive evaluation, nor have they been used widely. We propose a practical framework which achieves effective measurement and evaluation of source code quality, solves many of the problems of earlier frameworks, and applies to programs in the C programming language. The framework consists of a comprehensive quality metrics suite, a technique for normalization of measured values, an aggregation tool which allows evaluation in arbitrary module units from the component level up to whole systems, a visualization tool for the evaluation of results, a tool for deriving rating levels, and a set of derived standard rating levels. By applying this framework to a collection of embedded programs experimentally, we verified that the framework can be used effectively to give quantitative evaluations of reliability, maintainability, reusability and portability of source code.
Representation of Medial Axis from Synchronous Firing of Border-Ownership Selective Cells
Authors: Yasuhiro Hatori, Ko Sakai
Venue: Neural Information Processing: 14th International Conference, ICONIP 2007, Kitakyushu, Japan, November 13-16, 2007, Revised Selected Papers, Part I (2007)

The representation of object shape in the visual system is one of the most crucial questions in brain science. Although we can perceive figure shape correctly and quickly, without any effort, the underlying cortical mechanism is largely unknown. Physiological experiment with macaque indicated the possibility that the brain represents a surface with Medial Axis (MA) representation. To examine whether early visual areas could provide basis for MA representation, we constructed the physiologically realistic, computational model of the early visual cortex, and examined what constraint is necessary for the representation of MA. Our simulation results showed that simultaneous firing of Border-Ownership (BO) selective cells at the stimulus onset is a crucial constraint for MA representation.
An Immersive Musical Instrument Prototype
Authors: Leonel Valbom, Adérito Marcos
Venue: IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications (2007)

This article describes a prototype immersive musical instrument that expands the concepts of traditional musical elements and allows the integration of a spatial dimension using 3D music and sound objects into the musical environment by employing physical, visual, and sound immersion. From the prototype's evaluation results, the authors conclude that immersive musical instruments naturally give users a way to perform, compose, or improvise music (in real time) with a high degree of control.
Autonomous and semi-autonomous control of multi-agent task allocation systems
Authors: Mark Campbell
Venue:  (2008)

The ever increasing need to solve a wide variety of NP-Hard task allocation problems effectively and in computation times acceptable for real-time application has motivated the development of the new optimal and large scale approximation methods presented in this dissertation. The chief new optimal method presented, referred to as G*TA, utilizes a minimum spanning forest algorithm to generate optimistic predictive costs within an A * framework, and a greedy approximation method to create upper-bound estimates. The G*TA method is shown to run on average two orders of magnitude faster than a traditional Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) technique, and a combined approach of G*TA and MILP, referred to as G*MILP, is also presented for its scaling potential. The G*TA method is then improved further through the development of a new optimistic predictive cost function which leads to computational runtimes that are five times faster still, while using up to an order of magnitude less memory. The G*TA method is also presented as an any-time solution capable approximation method, which then motivates the development of a G*TA based hierarchical approximation method called H-G*TA. The H-G*TA method is built upon and validates the premise that since these task allocation problems are NP-Hard, faster solutions to large scale problems can be obtained by partitioning these large problems into a hierarchy of smaller sub-problems that can be solved within a reasonable amount of time. Details are provided on the integration within H-G*TA of a newly developed adaptive K-means partitioning technique, incorporation of G* TA to solve sub-problems optimally, combining the sub-problem solutions to obtain a final solution to the original problem, and on applying a K-Opt post-optimization technique. As task allocation research is commonly associated with the applied field of robotics, this dissertation also presents a description of the Cornell RoboFlag system; a high fidelity, robotic testbed and simulation environment that was utilized for validating the computational runtime and the solution quality of all of the task allocation methods discussed. Finally, this dissertation presents a chapter on the educational robotics research that was carried out within the NASA Robotics Alliance independently of the task allocation research.
A Novel Data Mining Method for Network Anomaly Detection Based on Transductive Scheme
Authors: Yang Li, Binxing Fang, Li Guo
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th international symposium on Neural Networks: Advances in Neural Networks (2007)

Network anomaly detection has been a hot topic in the past years. However, high false alarm rate, difficulties in obtaining exact clean data for the modeling of normal patterns and the deterioration of detection rate because of "unclean" training set always make it not as good as we expect. Therefore, we propose a novel data mining method for network anomaly detection in this paper. Experimental results on the well-known KDD Cup 1999 dataset demonstrate it can effectively detect anomalies with high true positives, low false positives as well as with high confidence than the state-of-the-art anomaly detection methods. Furthermore, even provided with not purely "clean" data (unclean data), the proposed method is still robust and effective.
Haptic Feedback Based on Physically Based Modeling for Cellular Manipulation Systems
Authors: Jungsik Kim, Farrokh Janabi-Sharifi, Jung Kim
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Haptics: Perception, Devices and Scenarios (2008)

This paper focuses on developing a haptic rendering technique for cellular manipulation using image processing techniques and physically based models. The interaction forces between a micropipette and cellular tissues are predicted based on biomechanical models of cells, which consist of a boundary element model and a prior knowledge of the cell's mechanical properties. These models are used to allow users to feel amplified reaction forces during cell injection tasks through a haptic device in real time. The experimental system, equipped with a micro-injection system and a commercial haptic display, was developed and tested using zebrafish embryos. The proposed haptic rendering algorithm could be used to improve success rates of cellular manipulation tasks.
Automatic Recognition of News Web Pages
Authors: Zhu Zhu, Gong-Qing Wu, Xindong Wu, Xue-Gang Hu, Fei-Yue Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE ISI 2008 PAISI, PACCF, and SOCO international workshops on Intelligence and Security Informatics (2008)

The information on the World Wide Web is congested with large amounts of news contents. The filtering, summarization and classification of news Web pages have become hot topics of research, aiming for useful news contents. Accurately identifying news Web pages is a crucial problem in these research topics. To solve this problem, this paper proposes an automatic recognition method for news Web pages based on a combination of URL attributes, structure attributes and content attributes. Our experimental results demonstrate that this method provides a high accuracy of above 96% with the recognition of news Web page.
Applications of laser transmission processes for the joining of plastics, silicon and glass micro parts
Authors: F. Sari, W.-M. Hoffmann, E. Haberstroh, R. Poprawe
Venue: Microsystem Technologies (2008)

Joining processes for microtechnology must fulfil special requirements concerning mechanical and thermal load of the components as well as their alignment accuracy. For these applications laser radiation as an energy source is ideally suited for joining with a minimum of energy load to the parts. In particular, laser transmission joining is used for joining plastics, silicon or glass using the total or partial transmission of the different materials and performing hidden joints inside a component. Since the optical properties of the materials play a decisive role for this joining technology, an optimization of absorbers and material conditions is of crucial importance for high quality joints. Investigations on different absorbent dyes for micro welding of plastics show their applicability, but also the limitations of these materials. For silicon and glass as well as silicon and silicon new fiber lasers with process-adapted wavelengths and strategies have been investigated and qualified as a versatile tool in micro assembly.
Functional Meta-programming for Parallel Skeletons
Authors: Jocelyn Serot, Joel Falcou
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Computational Science, Part I (2008)

We describe the implementation in MetaOcaml of a small domain specific language for skeleton-based parallel programming. We show how the meta-programming facilities offered by this language make it possible to virtually eliminate the run-time overhead for the resulting programs, compared to a hand-crafted, low-level implementation.
Distributed Performance Control in Organic Embedded Systems
Authors: Steffen Stein, Rolf Ernst
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Autonomic and Trusted Computing (2008)

This paper introduces compositional performance analysis into evolving organic systems. It presents a layered distributed framework that can follow the platform and system evolution, continuously monitoring the effect of changes in the application on real-time constraints. For that purpose, an existing methodology based on iterative compositional performance analysis was adapted to a distributed algorithm. A buffering strategy is introduced to improve the algorithm convergence to the same order as the existing centralized offline algorithm. The effects are demonstrated in experiments.
Moving Web Services to the Secure Side
Authors: Juan M. Estevez-Tapiador
Venue: IEEE Distributed Systems Online (2004)

A review of Web Services Security by Mark O'Neill, et al.
Fuzzy approach to incorporate hemodynamic variability and contextual information for detection of brain activation
Authors: Juan Zhou, Jagath C. Rajapakse
Venue: Neurocomputing (2008)

We propose to use fuzzy c-means clustering with contextual modeling on features extracted from fMRI data for detection of brain activation. Five discriminating features are extracted from fMRI data by using a sequence of temporal-sliding-windows. Fuzzy membership maps of individual subjects obtained through clustering with spatial regularization is capable of taking into account both hemodynamic variability and contextual information of brain activation. The present method outperforms statistical parametric mapping (SPM) approach on experiments with synthetic fMRI data contaminated by both independent and correlated noise. Performance on real fMRI data are comparable to those obtained with SPM.
Facebook Meets the Virtualized Enterprise
Authors: Roger Curry, Cameron Kiddle, Nayden Markatchev, Rob Simmonds, Tingxi Tan, Martin Arlitt, Bruce Walker
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 12th International IEEE Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference (2008)

“Web 2.0” and “cloud computing” are revolutionizing the way IT infrastructure is accessed and managed. Web2.0 technologies such as blogs, wikis and social networking platforms provide Internet users with easier mechanisms to produce Web content and to interact with each other. Cloud computing technologies are aimed at running applications as services over the Internet on a scalable infrastructure. In this paper we explore the advantages of using Web 2.0 and cloud computing technologies in an enterprise setting to provide employees with a comprehensive and transparent environment for utilizing applications. To demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach we have developed an environment that uses a social networking platform to provide access to a legacy application. The application is hosted on an internal cloud computing infrastructure that adapts dynamically to user demands. Initial feedback suggests this approach provides an improved user experience while simplifying management and increasing effective utilization of the underlying IT resources.
The Design and Message Complexity of Secure Socket SCTP
Authors: Stefan Lindskog, Anna Brunstrom
Venue: Proceedings of the international conference on Computational Science and Its Applications, Part II (2008)

This paper describes the design of secure socket SCTP (SS-SCTP). SS-SCTP is a new end-to-end security solution that uses the AUTH extension for integrity protection of messages and TLS for mutual authentication and key negotiation. Data confidentiality is in SS-SCTP provided through encryption at the socket layer. SS-SCTP aims to offer a high degree of security differentiation based on features in the base SCTP protocol as well as in standardized extensions. The flexible message concept provided in the base protocol plays a central role in the design of SS-SCTP. In the paper, a comparison of the message complexity produced by SS-SCTP, SCTP over IPsec, and TLS over SCTP is also presented. The main conclusion that can be drawn from the comparison is that, depending on the traffic pattern, SS-SCTP produces either less or similar message overhead compared to the standardized solutions when transferring user data.
Multi-site network hybrid testing of a multi-span bridge system
Authors: Ya-Ying Chang
Venue:  (2008)

Experimental research is often carried out using a scaled-model test specimen due to the high cost of full-scale testing, the limitations of test equipments, and physical restrictions imposed by the size of laboratories. In order to allow testing of full-scale structures, which might not be possible otherwise to be conducted at any one individual laboratory, many research efforts have been focused on the development of hybrid experimental techniques in recent years. Because of the complexity and wide range of differences in the operation requirements of different testing equipment and facilities, there are the needs of a standardized platform and protocols for efficient set-up of collaborative network based multi-site hybrid experiments, and standardized protocol procedures for efficient data exchange. The aim of the current study is to establish a robust standardized procedure for laboratories at multiple sites to network their testing facilities in order to perform collaborative experiments. A collaborative research project is established between Canada and Taiwan to develop modules for control and instrumentation based on the use of standardized software interfaces. Pseudo-dynamic tests on a four-pier bridge system were performed using the developed protocols. The sub-components of the prototype bridge system were tested at three remote sites over long distance. Two of the remotes sites were in Taiwan and the third remote site was in Canada. Three double-skin concrete filled tubular (DSCFT) columns, which is an innovative design for bridge piers at high seismicity area, were constructed and tested at the participating laboratories. The fourth pier and the bridge decks were simulated by a numerical model. The Internet-based Simulation for Earthquake Engineering (ISEE) platform was employed for data repository and communication among laboratories. The design of hybrid test set-up and procedures, and the test specimens are described. Three analytical models were constructed for predicting the nonlinear behaviour of the DSCFT columns, and two of the analytical models were implemented in the ISEE environment to calculate the nonlinear responses of the bridge during the experiment. Selected 2D plots of analytical and experimental results, 3D visualization of the deformed prototype bridge, and the videos of the test specimens are broadcasted through the World-Wide Web in real-time, which allows outside researchers to be able to participate in this experiment through tele-presence. This is the first cross-continent collaborative networked hybrid test on large scale specimens, which has successfully demonstrated the potentials and future direction of experimental research of large size structures and civil infrastructure systems. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Exploiting Rough Argumentation in an Online Dispute Resolution Mediator
Authors: Ioan Alfred Letia, Adrian Groza
Venue: Proceedings of the international conference on Rough Sets and Intelligent Systems Paradigms (2007)

Online dispute resolution is becoming the main method when dealing with a conflict in e-commerce. Our framework exploits the argumentation semantics of defeasible logic, shown to be a suitable choice for legal reasoning. We introduce the rough set theory within defeasible logic for handling the gradual information revealed in a legal dispute. The rough sets are being used in the generation of defeasible theories from available cases, but also in the inference rules required for the argumentation process. The framework can cover both aspects of the law: case based reasoning and legal syllogism.
How to Explore a Fast-Changing World (Cover Time of a Simple Random Walk on Evolving Graphs)
Authors: Chen Avin, Michal Koucký, Zvi Lotker
Venue: Proceedings of the 35th international colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming, Part I (2008)

Motivated by real world networks and use of algorithms based on random walks on these networks we study the simple random walks on dynamic undirected graphs with fixed underlying vertex set, i.e., graphs which are modified by inserting or deleting edges at every step of the walk. We are interested in the expected time needed to visit all the vertices of such a dynamic graph, the cover time, under the assumption that the graph is being modified by an oblivious adversary. It is well known that on connected static undirected graphs the cover time is polynomial in the size of the graph. On the contrary and somewhat counter-intuitively, we show that there are adversary strategies which force the expected cover time of a simple random walk on connected dynamic graphs to be exponential. We relate this result to the cover time of static directed graphs. In addition we provide a simple strategy, the lazy random walk, that guarantees polynomial cover time regardless of the changes made by the adversary.
Creating Innovative Partnerships with Users in Developing Assistive Technology
Authors: Norman Alm, Alan Newell
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Computers Helping People with Special Needs (2008)

We have been exploring a number of new ways to improve requirements gathering for new developments is assistive technology. In this paper we report on using participant observation, insights from conversation analysis and the use of actors, in order to gain a better understanding of the needs and wants for technology of people with physical and cognitive impairments.
Texture Synthesis for Digital Restoration in the Bit-Plane Representation
Authors: E. Ardizzone, H. Dindo, G. Mazzola
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 Third International IEEE Conference on Signal-Image Technologies and Internet-Based System (2007)

In this paper we propose a new approach to handle the problem of restoration of grayscale textured images. The purpose is to recovery missing data of a damaged area. The key point is to decompose an imagein its bit-planes, and to process bits rather than pixels. We propose two texture synthesis methods for restoration. The first one is a random generation process, based on the conditional probability of bits in the bit-planes. It is designed for images with stochastic textures. The second one is a best-matching method, running on each bit-plane, that is well suited to synthesize periodic patterns. Results are compared with a state-of-the-art restoration algorithm.