ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Redesign the 4:2 compressor for partial product reduction
Authors: Razaidi Hussin, Ali Yeon Md. Shakaff, Norina Idris, Zaliman Sauli, Rizalafande Che Ismail, Afzan Kamarudin
Venue: Proceedings of the third conference on IASTED International Conference: Advances in Computer Science and Technology (2007)

In this paper, we attempt to redesign the 4:2 compressors. Since its inception by Weinberger in 1981[1], this concept of compressor has been used in most digital multiplications and multi operand operation scheme. The original of 4:2 compressor has been build using the full adder unit. Hence this compressor is no improvement compare using Wallace tree or other tree structure. Early 90's some designer has modified the 4:2 compressor in order to reduce the critical path. As a result, a worse case to cross a level of 4:2 compressor is 3 XOR [4]. While in this paper, we have redesign 4:2 compressor based on modification of 4:2 compressor [2, 3, 4]. This design has been simulated using Quartus II software to verify the circuit. As a result, total transistor used in our compressor is less 4 than the modified 4:2 compressor and less 2 transistor than the original 4:2 compressor. In term of speed, the critical path of Carry Out signal is same as the original 4:2 compressor. Our compressor is 0.05% faster than modified 4:2 compressor.
Dealing with Query Contention Issue in Real-Time Data Warehouses by Dynamic Multi-level Caches
Authors: Ziyu Lin, Dongqing Yang, Guojie Song, Tengjiao Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th IEEE International Conference on Computer and Information Technology (2007)

The issue of query contention and scalability is the most difficult issue facing organizations deploying real-time data warehouse solutions. The contention between complex se- lects and continuous inserts tends to severely limit the scal- ability of the data warehouses. In this paper, we present a new method called dynamic multi-level caches, to effec- tively deal with the problem of query contention and scal- ability in real-time data warehouses. We differentiate be- tween queries with various data freshness requirements, and use multi-level caches to satisfy these different require- ments. Every query arriving at the system will be automat- ically redirected to the corresponding cache to access the required data, which means that the query loads are dis- tributed to multi-level caches instead of becoming blocked in the only one cache due to the contention between query and update operations. Extensive experiments on several real datasets show that our method can effectively balance the query loads among multi-level caches and achieve de- sirable system performance.
Coming down the home stretch in the Rambus standardization skullduggery saga: To levy or not to levy royalties
Authors: Richard Stern
Venue: IEEE Micro (2007)

The tale of Rambus' standardization skullduggery in developing JEDEC's SDRAM standard has unfolded in many Micro Law columns since the first report in the May/June 2001 issue. In February 2007, the FTC issued its final order on remedy for Rambus' unlawful conduct, holding, 3 to 2, that it would be proper to allow Rambus to continue to charge royalties for its abused patents (those used in the JEDEC standard), but the royalty should be limited to a maximum rate of 0.5 percent for double-data-rate (DDR) SDRAMs and a 0.25 percent maximum rate for SDRAMs--for three years, and after that zero. Stern's analysis, drawing on the "benefit of the bargain rule " is that Rambus should not be allowed to collect any royalties at all on the abused patents.
Towards an Autonomic Security System for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Authors: Mohamad Aljnidi, Jean Leneutre
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Information Assurance and Security (2007)

We present our paradigm of autonomic networks through a specific model of mobile ad hoc networks. Accordingly, we define a security platform, in which we introduce basic solutions for building autonomic security systems. We then present our relevant studies about event-driven network security evolution, security-policy negotiation and enforcement, and collaboration between autonomic nodes.
An all-IP heterogeneous wireless testbed for RAT selection and e2e QoS evaluation
Authors: Anna Umbert, Lukasz Budzisz, Nemanja Vucevic, Francisco Bernardo
Venue: Proceedings of the The 2007 International Conference on Next Generation Mobile Applications, Services and Technologies (2007)

In this paper, we present an all-IP heterogeneous wireless testbed for Radio Access Technologies (RAT) selection and end-to-end (e2e) Quality of Service (QoS) evaluation. Presented testbed includes three different Radio Access Networks (RANs): UTRAN, GERAN, and WLAN; and the Core Network (CN) based on DiffServ technology and Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS). As an example two RAT selection algorithms implemented in the testbed, Network- Controlled Cell-Breathing (NCCB) and fittingness factor are described and analyzed in more details. The paper provides also simple case study that validates and compares both mentioned algorithms in a basic heterogeneous environment using the presented testbed.
A new backtracking inexact BFGS method for symmetric nonlinear equations
Authors: Gonglin Yuan, Xiwen Lu
Venue: Computers Mathematics with Applications (2008)

A BFGS method, in association with a new backtracking line search technique, is presented for solving symmetric nonlinear equations. The global and superlinear convergences of the given method are established under mild conditions. Preliminary numerical results show that the proposed method is better than the normal technique for the given problems.
An Improved Shark-Search Algorithm Based on Multi-information
Authors: Zhumin Chen, Jun Ma, Jingsheng Lei, Bo Yuan, Li Lian
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery - Volume 04 (2007)

With the enormous growth of World Wide Web, existing general-purpose search engines have presented much more limitations. Focused crawling is increasingly seen as a potential solution. The key of focused crawling is how to accurately predict the relevance of the unvisited Web pages pointed to by known URLs to a given topic. A formalized description of the predicting process is introduced. Then, four policies are proposed to predict the relevance of unvisited pages to a topic. Further the combinations of these policies are used to improve the Shark-Search, which is a classic focused crawling algorithm mainly based on the textual information of Web pages. A large number of experiments were carried out to identify the optimized combination and verify that the improved Shark-Search is more effective than the original one.
XISS/R: XML indexing and storage system using RDBMS
Authors: Philip J. Harding, Quanzhong Li, Bongki Moon
Venue: Proceedings of the 29th international conference on Very large data bases - Volume 29 (2003)

We demonstrate the XISS/R system, an implementation of the XML Indexing and Storage System (XISS) on top of a relational database. The system is based on the XISS extended preorder numbering scheme, which captures the nesting structure of XML data and provides the opportunity for storage and query processing independent of the particular structure of the data. The system includes a web-based user interface, which enables stored documents to be queried via XPath. The user interface utilizes the XPath Query Engine, which automatically translates XPath queries into efficient SQL statements.
Motivation for and Design of a SIP2IMS Gateway
Authors: Joseph Johnson
Venue: Proceedings of the The 2007 International Conference on Next Generation Mobile Applications, Services and Technologies (2007)

This paper looks at the development of the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) from the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and how it has introduced added security and extensions to the basic SIP standard to enable voice, data and media services. The paper identifies the difficulties encountered in enabling interworking with non-IMS clients and then investigates the solutions proposed by the 3GPP including "early IMS". The proposals by ETSI TISPAN on interworking are examined and compared with those by the 3GPP as well as their different security architectures. The paper then looks at the issue of connecting users with legacy devices in the home network and proposes the SIP2IMS Gateway as a solution for a number of scenarios. The design and implementation and validation of these solutions on the IMS test bed at Fraunhofer FOKUS, Berlin and the University of Limerick are presented and a short comparison with similar work is made. Finally, plans for future work are described.
Investigation on Deblurring of Remote Sensing Images Using Bayesian Principle
Authors: Zhen-Guo Wang, Ze-Xun Geng
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Image and Graphics (2007)

Firstly, this paper briefly introduces the causations that lead to the image degradation in the data obtaining and transmission process of remote sensing. Secondly, it deduces a kind of remote sensing image debluring algorithm that is independent of the objects imaging model. The experimental results show that the algorithm is capable of resisting-noise with robustness, especially it is more suitable for the situation without any prior knowledge.
Games, geometry, and the computational complexity of finding equilibria
Authors: Bernhard von Stengel
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th conference on Theoretical aspects of rationality and knowledge (2007)

Game-theoretic problems have found massive recent interest in computer science. Obvious applications arise from the internet and electronic commerce, for example the study of online auctions.
Adding Structure to Bit-Map Displays
Authors: Morten Zachrisen
Venue: IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications (1984)

Interactive programming using ¿clever¿ look-up tables can cause application problems. This simple, recursive algorithm avoids difficulties by dividing a multiplane frame buffer into logical layers. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Research on Traffic Information Service Grid Based on GT4
Authors: Cuihua Tian, Guiran Chang, Xiaoxing Gao, Chuan Zhu, Lijun Liu, Hongsheng Wang, Wei Jia
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 IFIP International Conference on Network and Parallel Computing Workshops (2007)

With the rapid prevalence of Grid technologies, more attentions have to be focused on Grid applications. The paper presents a framework for traffic information service Grid (TISG) in order to eliminate information islands and to implement resource sharing and collaboration in the intelligent transportation systems (ITS). Based on Red Had Linux, Globus Toolkit 4.0 (GT4), and other related tools, the paper proposes the implementation model of TISG and investigates the key techniques to build TISG. Therefore, an application platform of traffic Grid is built, which conforms to the standard of OGSA in the aspects of common use, convenience, efficiency, and security. The research on traffic laws is conducted in TISG. Applying Grid to ITS will promote the development and popularization of Grid applications.
Modal reanalysis methods for structural large topological modifications with added degrees of freedom and non-classical damping
Authors: J. J. He, J. S. Jiang, B. Xu
Venue: Finite Elements in Analysis and Design (2007)

This paper presents two new methods for modal reanalysis of structures considering large topological modifications with added degrees of freedom. Firstly, a quite simple and efficient approximate method with the improved dynamic condensation, the Kirsch approximation and the decoupling mass orthogonality is proposed for reanalysis of real modes; then, a high-quality method which is comprised of complex eigensubspace condensation technique and Rayleigh-quotient inverse iteration is proposed for reanalysis of complex modes of structural large topological modifications. The convergence of iterative improvement will be achieved after only two or three cycles. Four numerical examples illustrate that the proposed methods are quite effective with high precision.
An Overview of the Production-Quality Compiler-Compiler Project
Authors: B. W. Leverett
Venue: Computer (1980)

The PQCC experience reveals that contrary to common practice and belief retargetability and a high level of optimization are not incompatible.
Effect of Computer Screen Back and Font Color on Chinese Reading Comprehension
Authors: Shu Hua, Ran Tian
Venue: Proceedings of the The 2007 International Conference on Intelligent Pervasive Computing (2007)

The present study, by moving window paradigm, investigated the effects of three background colors (black, white, and blue) matched with font colors (five font colors in each background color level) on Chinese text reading. The results indicated that the reading efficiency was better when background-font color matched in the following pairs: white-black, white-blue, blue-yellow and blue-white. And the reading efficiency was lower when black back-color matched with white, red, green, purple, and white matched with red. Finally, the implications of these results on human computer interface design were discussed.
An Application of Adaptive Fuzzy Logic Controller for Switched Reluctance Motor Drive
Authors: Jie Xiu, Changliang Xia
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery - Volume 04 (2007)

This paper develops an adaptive fuzzy logic controller (FLC) for the speed control of switched reluctance motor (SRM) drive. In a FLC, the method to improve the performance of the FLC is to tune the fuzzy rules, membership function and scaling gains of input and output. The scaling gains of the input and output of the proposed FLC are parameters that can be tuned conveniently. So, in this paper, an adaptive FLC with the tuning of scaling gains is proposed. The advantage of this method is that the universe of discourse of the fuzzy sets can be tuned by adjusting the scaling gains according to the speed error. This significantly improves the transient response and steady state performance of the system under the control of the proposed adaptive FLC. In this paper, the principles of tuning scaling gains of the input and output are described. The proposed adaptive FLC has the characteristics of robustness, adaptive and facility to take advantage of human control knowledge. The experimental tests are carried out for the proposed adaptive FLC. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed adaptive FLC presents a superior performance than the conventional FLC.
Application of complex adaptive systems to pricing of reproducible information goods
Authors: Moutaz Khouja, Mirsad Hadzikadic, Hari K. Rajagopalan, Li-Shiang Tsay
Venue: Decision Support Systems (2008)

Piracy of copyrighted information goods such as computer software, music recordings, and movies has received increased attention in the literature. Much of this research relied on mathematical modeling to analyze pricing policies, protection against piracy, and government policies. We use complex adaptive systems as an alternative methodology to analyze pricing decisions in an industry with products which can be pirated. This approach has been previously applied to pricing and can capture some aspects of the problem which are difficult to analyze using traditional mathematical modeling. The results indicate that advances in technology make a skimming strategy the least preferable approach for producers. Further, improvements in technology, more specifically data communications and the Internet, will erode the profitability of a skimming strategy. The analysis also indicates that complex adaptive systems may provide a useful method for analyzing problems in which interactions between participants in the systems, i.e. consumers, sellers, and regulating agencies, are important in determining the behavior of the system.
VIRE: Active RFID-based Localization Using Virtual Reference Elimination
Authors: Yiyang Zhao, Yunhao Liu, Lionel M. Ni
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 International Conference on Parallel Processing (2007)

RFID technologies are gaining much attention as they are attractive solutions to many application domains. Localization based on active RFID technologies provides a much needed added-value to further expand the application domain. LANDMARC was the first attempt using active RFID for indoor location sensing with satisfactory results. However, the LANDMARC approach suffers from two drawbacks. First, it does not work well in a closed area with severe radio signal multi-path effects. Second, to further improve the localization accuracy, more reference tags are needed which is costly and may trigger the RF interference phenomenon. The proposed VIRE approach can overcome the above drawbacks without additional cost. Based on the concept of virtual reference tags, a proximity map is maintained by each reader. An elimination algorithm is used to eliminate those unlikely locations to reduce the estimation error. Our experimental results show that the new method consistently enhances the precision of indoor localization from 17 to 73 percent over the LANDMARC approach at different tag locations in different environments.
Correctness by construction: putting engineering (back) into software
Authors: Rod Chapman
Venue: ACM SIGAda Ada Letters (2007)

This presentation will look at the many problems of designing and building high-integrity software and the processes, languages and tools that are currently used. The need to "engineer" our software implies that discipline and reasoning are required, yet most processes and languages seem to obstruct rather than assist such attempts. To help understand why, we consider the history of programming language design, and how this has shaped the way we think about software and constrained our ability to engineer it. In this generally gloomy picture some good news can be found: the emergence of design-by-contract facilities in languages such as Eiffel and SPARK has made a strong impact in some niche areas. In those areas, we have made a rather unusual observation: customers (some having "flirted" with this week's fashionable approach) are "coming back to Ada", recognizing the language's strengths, particularly for high-integrity applications. The presentation will close by considering why Praxis still uses (and chooses) Ada, and the role that Ada has to play in the future of high-integrity software.
A Nodes-Cooperation Strategy for Reliable Transmission in Unreliable Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Zhendong Wu, Julong Pan, Shanping Li
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Natural Computation - Volume 05 (2007)

How to provide reliable transmission over unreliable links in sensor networks is an interest challenge. In this paper, a novel nodes-cooperation strategy in network layer for reliable transmission over unreliable-links is studied. The key idea of the proposed strategy is that using multi nodes to receive packets simultaneously and relay packets competitively. It is based on the observation that the broadcast nature of wireless sensor networks has the potential that allows all neighbors receive and process packets simultaneously. Theoretical and experimental analysis demonstrates that the new strategy can provide reliable transmission over unreliable links meanwhile improves the performance of networks significantly.
The Computer Family Architecture Project: Service Perspectives and Overview
Authors: B. Wald
Venue: Computer (1977)

Standardization of digital computers used in tactical military systems has many potential benefits-simplification of training and logistics, economy in production, and reduced software development costs, to name a few. To realize these benefits, the Army-Navy Computer Family Architecture (CFA) Project seeks to define a family of military computers at varied levels of performance, software-compatible with each other and with an existing, successful computer. Such a family would overcome the difficulties encountered with past military standard computers, which have not generally been compatible in this way. Suppliers of the new family would be free to introduce new technology and new concepts of implementation, consistent with the specifications of the family. Thus, standardization on an existing instruction set architecture offers advantages beyond those conferred by standardization on a number of incompatible black boxes.
Program Derivation Using Data Types: A Case Study
Authors: C. J. P. Lucena
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering (1979)

The present paper discusses some issues in program synthesis by relating the idea of systematic program derivation with the concepts of data type and correctness of data representation. The notion of an incomplete definition of a data type at a high level of abstraction is introduced. The ideas are illustrated through an example previously discussed in the literature by D. Gries.
Microprocessors in Consumer Markets
Authors: R. O. Winder
Venue: Computer (1976)

The main purpose of this session was to explore the future of microprocessors in high-volume consumer markets. Three speakers provided us with prepared talks Larry Marsh of General Motors, Gamond Schultz of RAMTEK, and Steve Mayer of Atari. Three further impromptu speakers were solicited at the Workshop Jim Russell of Essex International, Charley Hobbs of Hobbs Associates, and Larry Kuller of CDC.
Fast-Tracking Content: The Dramatic Evolution of Intellectual Property
Authors: Sorel Reisman
Venue: IT Professional (2007)

A wave of change is coming: the new Computer.org will offer content that's compelling, relevant, interactive, and user-friendly to a new demographic of IT professionals. But we need to ensure that it's still peer reviewed to maintain quality.
Local structural disorder imparts plasticity on linear motifs
Authors: Monika Fuxreiter, Peter Tompa, István Simon
Venue: Bioinformatics (2007)

Motivation: The dynamic nature of protein interaction networks requires fast and transient molecular switches. The underlying recognition motifs (linear motifs, LMs) are usually short and evolutionarily variable segments, which in several cases, such as phosphorylation sites or SH3-binding regions, fall into locally disordered regions. We probed the generality of this phenomenon by predicting the intrinsic disorder of all LM-containing proteins enlisted in the Eukaryotic Linear Motif (ELM) database. Results: We demonstrated that LMs in average are embedded in locally unstructured regions, while their amino acid composition and charge/hydropathy properties exhibit a mixture characteristic of folded and disordered proteins. Overall, LMs are constructed by grafting a few specificity-determining residues favoring structural order on a highly flexible carrier region. These results establish a connection between LMs and molecular recognition elements of intrinsically unstructured proteins (IUPs), which realize a non-conventional mode of partner binding mostly in regulatory functions. Contact: simon@enzim.hu Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Inter-Domain Resource Control Mechanism based on Domain Model in Pervasive Computing Environment
Authors: He Liang, Yang Jing, Wu Ke
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Systems and Networks Communications (2007)

In large-scale pervasive computing environment, user can not treat the environment as a whole and roam from one domain to another seamlessly or efficiently. The paper proposes inter-domain mechanisms of resource access, user roaming and event transfer, analyzes its performance and show these mechanisms can improve the efficiency a lot in large-scale pervasive computing environment.