ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Software-Defined Radio Prospects for Multistandard Mobile Phones
Authors: Ulrich Ramacher
Venue: Computer (2007)

A multitude of existing and evolving cell phone standards, coupled with the need to react quickly to market requirements, is radically changing the system architect's task. Two alternative approaches to classic ASIC-centered and DSP-assisted designs have emerged: reconfigurable architectures and DSP-centered and accelerator-assisted architectures.
Selecting differentially expressed genes using minimum probability of classification error
Authors: Pritha Mahata, Kaushik Mahata
Venue: Journal of Biomedical Informatics (2007)

Discovery of differentially expressed genes between normal and diseased patients is a central research problem in bioinformatics. It is specially important to find few genetic markers which can be explored for diagnostic purposes. The performance of a set of markers is often measured by the associated classification accuracy. This motivates our ranking of genes depending on the minimum probability of classification errors (MPE) for each gene. In this work, we use Bayesian decision-making algorithm to compute MPE. A quantile-based probability density estimation technique is used for generating probability density functions of genes. The method is tested on three datasets: colon cancer, leukaemia, and hereditary breast cancer. The quality of the selected markers is evaluated by the classification accuracy obtained using support-vector-machine and a modified naive Bayes classifier. We obtain 96.77% accuracy in colon cancer and 97.06% accuracy in leukaemia, using only five genes in each case. Finally, using just three genes we get 100% accuracy in hereditary breast cancer. We also compare our results with those using the genes ranked by p-value and show that the genes ranked by MPE perform better or equal to those ranked by p-value.
Digital transmission in the local network
Authors: S. R. Elliott, R. C. Turner
Venue: BT Technology Journal (2007)

The local network has evolved for the conveyance of speech-band signals in an efficient manner. Fortuitously, this network can also carry higher frequency signals, although with some restrictions. The advent of modern semiconductor technology has allowed engineers to exploit these higher frequencies to provide additional services.Initially these additional services were generally restricted to analogue pair-gain and alarm systems but, with the birth of the information technology age, the capability of the local network to carry high-speed digital signals is being exploited.From a review of the characteristics of the local network and an assessment of its ability to carry digital signals a perception of the future evolution of the local network and the likely penetration of digital systems emerges.
Sender Access Control in IP Multicast
Authors: Salekul Islam, J. William Atwood
Venue: Proceedings of the 32nd IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks (2007)

Multicasting has not been widely adopted until now, due to lack of access control over the group members. The Authentication, Authorization and Accounting (AAA) protocols are being used successfully, in unicast communication scenarios, to control access to network resources. AAA protocols can be used for multicast applications in a similar way. However, without an effective sender access control, an adversary may exploit the existing IP multicast model, where a sender can send multicast data without prior authentication and authorization. Even a group key management protocol that efficiently distributes the encryption and the authentication keys to the receivers will not be able to prevent an adversary from spoofing the sender address and hence, flooding the data distribution tree. This can create an efficient Denial of Service attack. In previous work, we have proposed a framework for the use of AAA protocols to manage IP Multicast group membership. To prevent DoS attacks and other known attacks (e.g., replay attack), we propose in this paper an extension for sender access control. Our solution will authenticate and authorize each sender, and account for sender behavior by deploying AAA protocols. Moreover, a multicast packet will be forwarded to the distribution tree only if it is cryptographically authenticated at the entry point by the Access Router. The proposal we have presented provides a flexible authentication framework, supporting different authentication mechanisms, and is independent of the underlying routing protocol. Finally, we have extended our model to support inter-domain multicast groups.
An On-Line BIST Technique for Delay Fault Detection in CMOS Circuits
Authors: Elham K. Moghaddam, Shaahin Hessabi
Venue: Proceedings of the 16th Asian Test Symposium (2007)

This paper presents a simulation-based study of the delay fault testing in CMOS logic circuits. A novel built-in self-test (BIST) technique is presented for detecting delay faults in this logic family. This scheme does not need test-pattern generation, and thus can be used for robust on-line testing. Simulation results for area, delay, and power overheads are presented.
Workshop on tagging, mining and retrieval of human related activity information
Authors: Paulo Barthelmess, Edward Kaiser
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Multimodal interfaces (2007)

Inexpensive and user friendly cameras, microphones, and other devices such as digital pens are making it increasingly easy to capture, store and process large amounts of data over a variety of media. Even though the barriers for data acquisition have been lowered, making use of these data remains challenging. The focus of the present workshop is on issues related to theory, methods and techniques for facilitating the organization, retrieval and reuse of multimodal information. The emphasis is on organization and retrieval of information related to human activity, i.e. that is generated and consumed by individuals and groups as they go about their work, learning and leisure.
Research of Asynchronous Communication Messaging Model Based on Time Decoupling in Distributed Object-Oriented Middleware
Authors: Yanhong Zhao, Yinzhang Guo, Shangwang Bai
Venue: Proceedings of the Eighth ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking, and Parallel/Distributed Computing - Volume 01 (2007)

To solve the problem that the current distributed object-oriented middleware messaging communication mechanism doesn't support time decoupling and service quality control, a new asynchronous communication model TIAIM (Time Independent Asynchronous Invoke Model) which can support asynchronous messaging and time decoupling is presented. we adopted message conversion layer in client to pick up, package and convert the asynchronous message, and convert original request to a routed message, and we designed a software route agent to achieve asynchronous message transmission and retransmission. TIAIM model supports asynchronous messaging, time decoupling and service quality effectively. This paper also provides algorithm of message conversion layer and software route agent.
Stability in Bidirectional Associative Memory Networks with Time Delays
Authors: Wei Ding, Yonghui Xia, Yepeng Xing
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Natural Computation - Volume 01 (2007)

In the present paper, a bidirectional associative memory (BAM) neural networks with time delays is studied. Without strict conditions imposed on self regulation functions, some new sufficient conditions for the existence and global asymptotic stability of a unique equilibrium are established. It is believed that these results are significant and useful for the design and applications of BAM-type biological and artificial neural networks.
Low Dimensional Simplex Evolution--A Hybrid Heuristic for Global Optimization
Authors: Changtong Luo, Bo Yu
Venue: Proceedings of the Eighth ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking, and Parallel/Distributed Computing - Volume 02 (2007)

In this paper, a new real-coded evolutionary algorithm-- low dimensional simplex evolution (LDSE) for global optimization is proposed. It is a hybridization of two well known heuristics, the differential evolution (DE) and the Nelder-Mead method. LDSE takes the idea of DE to randomly select parents from the population and perform some operations with them to generate new individuals. Instead of using the evolutionary operators of DE such as mutation and cross-over, we introduce operators based on the simplex method, which makes the algorithm more systematic and parameter-free. The proposed algorithm is very easy to implement, and its efficiency has been studied on an extensive testbed of 50 test problems from [1]. Numerical results show that the new algorithm outperforms DE in terms of number of function evaluations (nfe) and percentage of success (ps).
How to Test Program Generators? A Case Study using flex
Authors: Prahladavaradan Sampath, A. C. Rajeev, K. C. Shashidhar, S. Ramesh
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering and Formal Methods (2007)

We address the problem of rigorous testing of program generators. Program generators are software that take as input a model in a certain modeling language, and produce as output a program that captures the execution semantics of the input-model. In this sense, program generators are also programs and, at first sight, the traditional techniques for testing programs ought to be applicable to program generators as well. However, the rich semantic structure of the inputs and outputs of program generators poses unique challenges that have so far not been addressed sufficiently in the testing literature. We present a novel automatic testcase generation method for testing program generators. It is based on both syntax and semantics of the modeling language, and can uncover subtle semantic errors in the program generator. We demonstrate our method on flex, a prototypical lexical analyzer generator.
A Hybrid Location Algorithm Based on BP neural Networks with Multilayer Data Fusion
Authors: Ping Zhao, Lingyan Li, Haoshan Shi
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Natural Computation - Volume 01 (2007)

In this paper, a hybrid location algorithm based on BP neural network with multi-layer data fusion is proposed to carry out hybrid location of space probe's position and attitude according to the multi parameter characteristic. As the algorithm model with multi-layer data fusion is built, the former data fusion pattern for hybrid location is developed and improved. In the paper the hybrid location algorithm with image vector recognition based on BP neural network is simulated to verify image location estimate and hybrid location with multi-layer data fusion. The simulation result shows that the algorithm of hybrid location is provided with indubitable feasibility, validity and precision.
A Fourier method for the fractional diffusion equation describing sub-diffusion
Authors: Chang-Ming Chen, F. Liu, I. Turner, V. Anh
Venue: Journal of Computational Physics (2007)

In this paper, a fractional partial differential equation (FPDE) describing sub-diffusion is considered. An implicit difference approximation scheme (IDAS) for solving a FPDE is presented. We propose a Fourier method for analyzing the stability and convergence of the IDAS, derive the global accuracy of the IDAS, and discuss the solvability. Finally, numerical examples are given to compare with the exact solution for the order of convergence, and simulate the fractional dynamical systems.
Personal digital library: pim through a 5s perspective
Authors: Yi Ma, Edward A. Fox, Marcos A. Gonçalves
Venue: Proceedings of the ACM first Ph.D. workshop in CIKM (2007)

Information overload and fragmentation problems result from the huge volume of data available in digital formats. This has led to increasing interest in personal information management research. However, current efforts have not fully clarified the thinking in this area due to the lack of theoretical foundations. In this paper, we present a formal framework for personal information management through a personal digital library perspective based upon the 5S approach. This framework includes a formal definition of the components and functionalities for a minimal personal digital library. We also present the primary testing results of our initial implementation of receptor module and behavioral information relevance. Challenges expected in planned future efforts are discussed too, with suggestions for possible solutions. We believe this is one of the first efforts to provide a theoretical foundation for personal information management. Our results and planned work show promise for further doctoral research.
A Structure Optimization Method Based on Fisher Ratio
Authors: Donghui Liu, Aihua Li, Liqian Feng, Xiaoyun Sun
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Natural Computation - Volume 01 (2007)

Owning to the disadvantages of OLS in network structure optimization, authors put forward using Fisher ratio method to optimize the RBF centers, an orthogonal transform, and a forward selection search method are used to optimize structure. The simulation results show that the neural structure is simplified strongly, the converge precision and class separability are improved, and it is satisfied for detecting online.
The role of experience in the interpretation of noun---noun combinations
Authors: Phil Maguire, Arthur W. Cater, Rebecca Maguire
Venue: Artificial Intelligence Review (2006)

Gagné and Shoben's (J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn 23:71---87, 1997) Competition Among Relations In Nominals (CARIN) theory maintains that the interpretation of modifier-noun combinations is influenced primarily by how the modifying noun has been used in the past. As support for this theory, they found that modifiers typically associated with the instantiated relation are interpreted reliably faster than those whose modifiers are less frequently associated with the relation. The CARIN theory explains this phenomenon by proposing that people store statistical distributions regarding the frequency with which modifying nouns have combined with each relation in the past. However, we maintain that an association between relation frequency and response time does not imply a causal influence. In this study we explore whether the effects observed by Gagné and Shoben were caused by the influence of relation frequency per se. Two experiments were conducted in which experiential knowledge about the modifier was controlled. The first experiment involved combinations whose modifiers were relatively rare and the second involved the presentation of nouns without a modifier-head syntax. In both of these experiments, knowledge about historical modifier usage was irrelevant. Our results show that correlations between modifier preference and response time persist even in situations where a knowledge of the modifier's history is not available. These findings provide converging evidence that the relationship between relation frequency and response time is not a causal one. Instead, an understanding of the relationship between modifier properties and usage, as appropriate to the given context, may be the dominant influence on interpretation in many circumstances. In light of this, we propose an alternative account of the factors influencing ease of interpretation.
The web-based knowledge map: the combination of practise-oriented and scientific knowledge
Authors: Sanaz Sattari, Wolfgang Backhaus, Klaus Henning
Venue: Proceedings of the sixth conference on IASTED International Conference Web-Based Education - Volume 2 (2007)

This paper introduces the Open and Distance Learning (ODL) project Web-based Knowledge Map (WeKnow) within the SOCRATES action programme of the European Union. WeKnow develops a Knowledge Map for higher education retrieving expert skills and knowledge which will then be presented to university students embedded in a blended-learning concept. The Knowledge Map will correspond to students' new learning styles such as 'discontinued' and 'non-linear' learning behaviour. Teaching of traditional scientific knowledge will be enriched by providing practice-oriented expert knowledge. Both knowledge types are integrated in a semantically structured Knowledge Map which allows the sophisticated retrieval of learning contents and knowledge stocks from a web-based system.
A study of subsidiaries' views of information systems strategic planning in multinational organisations
Authors: Mohdzaher B. Mohdzain, John M. Ward
Venue: The Journal of Strategic Information Systems (2007)

This research examines information systems strategic planning (ISSP) in multinationals from the perspective of the subsidiaries. The research was carried out through interviews with the IT and business managers in subsidiaries of nine large American, European, and Japanese multinationals. The evidence from this study reveals that, in the majority of these organisations, IS planning is either centralised or moving towards centralisation. The main focus of IS planning, in many of these organisations, is to control cost and achieve scale economies. As centralisation increases IT tends to control the planning process and, as a result, IS planning becomes more tactical than strategic and is dominated by IT infrastructure planning. Project implementation was the main criterion used to measure IS planning success. However, due to the dominant role of IT, the subsidiary business managers are often less satisfied with the IS planning approach compared with the subsidiary IT managers. The level of involvement of business managers and their satisfaction with ISSP was related to the degree of decentralisation of responsibility for IS planning.
Probability-based fusion of information retrieval result sets
Authors: D. Lillis, F. Toolan, A. Mur, L. Peng, R. Collier, J. Dunnion
Venue: Artificial Intelligence Review (2006)

Information Retrieval (IR) forms the basis of many information management tasks. Information management itself has become an extremely important area as the amount of electronically available information increases dramatically. There are numerous methods of performing the IR task both by utilising different techniques and through using different representations of the information available to us. It has been shown that some algorithms outperform others on certain tasks. Combining the results produced by different algorithms has resulted in superior retrieval performance and this has become an important research area. This paper introduces a probability-based fusion technique probFuse that shows initial promise in addressing this question. It also compares probFuse with the common CombMNZ data fusion technique.
Semantic Interpretation of the Web without the Semantic Web: Toward Business-Aware Web Processors
Authors: Peter Z. Yeh, Daniel R. Farina, Alex Kass
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Semantic Computing (2007)

In this paper, we describe a family of systems that we are developing to make systematic use of the Web in support of decision-makers. These systems, which we call business-aware web processors, use semantic representations but do not assume that these representations will come from the Semantic Web. We describe the relationship between our vision and the standard Semantic Web vision. We next present two prototype applications based on the approach that we have been developing to support decision-makers in two different contexts. We then describe the underlying technology platform we have been developing to support this family of applications, and the challenges we are confronting as we advance this research agenda.
Construction of Simplified Boundary Surfaces from Serial-sectioned Metal Micrographs
Authors: Scott Dillard John Bingert Dan Thoma Bernd Hamann
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics (2007)

We present a method for extracting boundary surfaces from segmented cross-section image data. We use a constrained Potts model to interpolate an arbitrary number of region boundaries between segmented images. This produces a segmented volume from which we extract a triangulated boundary surface using well-known marching tetrahedra methods. This surface contains staircase-like artifacts and an abundance of unnecessary triangles. We describe an approach that addresses these problems with a voxel-accurate simplification algorithm that reduces surface complexity by an order of magnitude. Our boundary interpolation and simplification methods are novel contributions to the study of surface extraction from segmented cross-sections. We have applied our method to construct polycrystal grain boundary surfaces from micrographs of a sample of the metal tantalum.
The Problem of Equivalence for Entity-Relationship Diagrams
Authors: S. Jajodia
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering (1983)

We investigate the question of when two entity-relationship diagrams (ERD's) should be considered equivalent, in the sense of representing the same information. This question is very important for a database design process which uses the ERD model, and can be interpreted in various ways. We give three natural and increasingly stricter criteria for developing concepts of equivalence for ERD's. We first give a notion of "domain data compatibility" which ensures that the ERD's in question represent the same universe of data in an aggregate sense. Then we define the set of functional dependencies which are naturally embedded in each ERD, and use it to develop a concept of "data dependency equivalence" which ensures that the ERD's satisfy the same constraints (functional dependencies) among the represented data. Finally, we give our strongest criterion, instance data equivalence, which requires the ERD's to have the same power to represent instances of data. We develop several alternate forms of this third notion, including some giving efficient tableaux tests for its occurrence. Indeed, for each type of equivalence, we give a polynomial-time algorithm to test for it.
Performance monitoring in the anterior cingulate is not all error related: Expectancy deviation and the representation of action-outcome associations
Authors: Flavio T. P. Oliveira, John J. McDonald, David Goodman
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2007)

Several converging lines of evidence suggest that the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is selectively involved in error detection or evaluation of poor performance. Here we challenge this notion by presenting event-related potential (ERP) evidence that the feedback-elicited error-related negativity, an ERP component attributed to the ACC, can be elicited by positive feedback when a person is expecting negative feedback and vice versa. These results suggest that performance monitoring in the ACC is not limited to error processing. We propose that the ACC acts as part of a more general performance-monitoring system that is activated by violations in expectancy. Further, we propose that the common observation of increased ACC activity elicited by negative events could be explained by an overoptimistic bias in generating expectations of performance. These results could shed light into neurobehavioral disorders, such as depression and mania, associated with alterations in performance monitoring and also in judgments of self-related events.