ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
An Exploration of Perspective Changes within MBD
Authors: Anke Dittmar, Peter Forbrig
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Part I: New Trends (2009)

Most current model-based design approaches tend to be specifi cation -driven. Using task models solely at the specification level, contradicts the very idea inherent to task-based design. This paper suggests to look for improvements of the situation at different levels of artifact use. First, HOPS is introduced as a general specification formalism for the interaction paradigm which also allows advanced task modeling. Second, we propose to apply formal modeling in different modes during the different stages of a design process. "Task sketching" is elaborated more deeply. And third, a combination with complementary techniques is recommended to embed the development of formal system specifications in a reflective conversation between all stake holders. An example is used throughout the paper to illustrate our ideas.
Cost Reduction for Automobile during Design Stage with Statistical Method and Tear Down Technique
Authors: Bo Ju, Li-feng Xi, Xiao-jun Zhou
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 IITA International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems Engineering (case 2009) (2009)

This research studies the Chinese automobile industry and proposes a cost reduction method for automobiles at the design stage. Since cost data are confidential in many companies, the research resorts to an indirect method to estimate the product cost. The automobile prices and specifications are collected from website. Then a panel of experts is invited to estimate product cost ratio using Delphi method with these data. Therefore, the automobiles’ costs can be calculated backward from the retail prices. These automobiles have design attributes with several possible values. For each attribute value, statistical method is employed to analyze the mean value, standard deviation and probability distribution of the product costs. The designer can then evaluate the potential cost consequences of these values and choose one attribute value which can better match the target cost. To achieve such target, Tear Down technique which is widely used in Japanese automobile industry is introduced. The application of the proposed method in a Chinese automobile company is also given.
Visualization for Access Control Policy Analysis Results Using Multi-level Grids
Authors: Prathima Rao, Gabriel Ghinita, Elisa Bertino, Jorge Lobo
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE International Symposium on Policies for Distributed Systems and Networks (2009)

The rapid increase in deployment of policy-based access control systems faces security administrators with the daunting task of managing a large number of complex access control policies. Several policy analysis types, (e.g., policy similarity, policy conflict and change-impact) have been proposed to help administrators maintain consistent and conflict-free policy repositories. However, there has not been much focus on the presentation and the ensuing interpretation of the results of such analyses, which greatly undermines the usability factor. In this paper, we present a novel multi-level grid-based technique for visualizing results of policy analysis. We implemented this technique, and we present a sample policy similarity analysis scenario that highlights the advantages of the proposed result visualization method.
A Basic Study of Sensory Characteristics toward Interaction with a Box-Shaped Interface
Authors: Noriko Suzuki, Tosirou Kamiya, Shunsuke Yoshida, Sumio Yano
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Part II: Novel Interaction Methods and Techniques (2009)

Our research focuses on the sensory characteristics of interacting with a novel box-shaped interface device for facilitating transfer of a digital object to another person. Such findings are important for constructing an ultra-realistic communication system with shared reality. This paper presents two kinds of pilot studies: (I) graspability of a box-shaped interface device through controlling feedback timing from the device, and (II) the sense of possessing a modality in information transfer between two devices. Both psychological and behavioral evaluation results suggest that graspability increases more from feedback of the device just after grasping it than from that just before grasping it. Furthermore, psychological evaluation results suggest that a touch-and-move method, i.e., the receiver of feedback changes precisely from one user to the other after touching the two devices, increases the sense of possessing a modality more than does a touch-and-copy method, i.e., both users simultaneously receive feedback after touching.
Error Performance Analysis for 4+12+16 APSK Signal over a Satellite Channel
Authors: Jaeyoon Lee, Dongweon Yoon, Sang Kyu Park, Sang Goo Kim
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Fourth International Conference on Digital Telecommunications (2009)

A 4+12+16 Amplitude Phase Shift Keying (APSK) modulation outperforms other 32-APSK modulations such as rectangular or cross 32-quadrature amplitude modulations (QAMs) which have a high peak to average power ratio that causes non-negligible amplitude modulation to amplitude modulation (AM/AM) and amplitude modulation to phase modulation (AM/PM) distortions when the signal is amplified by a high-power amplifier (HPA). Thus, this modulation scheme has been recommended as modulation scheme in the Digital Video Broadcasting-Satellite2 (DVB-S2) standard. In this paper, we present a new bits-to-symbol mapping to improve a bit error rate (BER) for a 4+12+16 APSK signal in a nonlinear satellite channel and analyze the BER.
Automatic Pitch-Synchronous Phonetic Segmentation with Context-Independent HMMs
Authors: Jindřich Matoušek
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Text, Speech and Dialogue (2009)

This paper deals with an HMM-based automatic phonetic segmentation (APS) system. In particular, the use of a pitch-synchronous (PS) coding scheme within the context-independent (CI) HMM-based APS system is examined and compared to the "more traditional" pitch-asynchronous (PA) coding schemes for a given Czech male voice. For bootstrap-initialised CI-HMMs, exploited when some (manually) pre-segmented data are available, the proposed PS coding scheme performed best, especially in combination with CART-based refinement of the automatically segmented boundaries. For flat-start-initialised CI-HMMs, an inferior initialisation method used when no pre-segmented data are at disposal, standard PA coding schemes with longer parameterization shifts yielded better results. The results are also compared to the results obtained for APS systems with context-dependent (CD) HMMs. It was shown that, at least for the researched male voice, multiple-mixture CI-HMMs outperform CD-HMMs in the APS task.
Discriminative Shape Alignment
Authors: Marco Loog, Marleen Bruijne
Venue: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Information Processing in Medical Imaging (2009)

The alignment of shape data to a common mean before its subsequent processing is an ubiquitous step within the area shape analysis. Current approaches to shape analysis or, as more specifically considered in this work, shape classification perform the alignment in a fully unsupervised way, not taking into account that eventually the shapes are to be assigned to two or more different classes. This work introduces a discriminative variation to well-known Procrustes alignment and demonstrates its benefit over this classical method in shape classification tasks. The focus is on two-dimensional shapes from a two-class recognition problem.
Forwarding Strategies and Optimal Power Allocation for Relay Networks: Forwarding Strategies and Position Dependent Optimal Power Allocation for Coherent and Non-coherent Relay Networks
Authors: Somak Datta Gupta
Venue:  (2009)

In a power constrained relay network environment, the performance can be improved by using various forwarding techniques and position dependent optimal power allocation strategy. We use our three terminal model to optimize the power allocation under total transmit power constraint, to maximize the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at destination, and thus achieve improved throughput and BER performance, while using AF and DF protocols. We evaluate the performance of our system for both coherent and non-coherent modulation in a Rayleigh block fading channel. QPSK is used in the coherent case and 4-FSK is used in the non-coherent case. We derive expressions for instantaneous SNR using our model and optimize the power allocation based on that, thus achieving improved uncoded BER. We compare the performance of the AF and DF protocols based on their positional BER and throughput at different received SNR and notice that our power optimized schemes outperform existing power control schemes at certain areas. Finally we also identify the shape and area of the regions where relaying would provide performance gains for both the protocols at different received SNRs. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Shadow Detection in Dynamic Scenes Using Dense Stereo Information and an Outdoor Illumination Model
Authors: Claus B. Madsen, Thomas B. Moeslund, Amit Pal, Shankkar Balasubramanian
Venue: Proceedings of the DAGM 2009 Workshop on Dynamic 3D Imaging (2009)

We present a system for detecting shadows in dynamic outdoor scenes. The technique is based on fusing background subtraction operations performed on both color and disparity data, respectively. A simple geometrical analysis results in an ability to classify pixels into foreground, shadow candidate, and background. The shadow candidates are further refined by analyzing displacements in log chromaticity space to find the shadow hue shift with the strongest data support and ruling out other displacements. This makes the shadow detection robust towards false positives from rain, for example. The techniques employed allow for 3Hz operation on commodity hardware using a commercially available dense stereo camera solution.
Characteristics of Nutrients Distribution from Recent Sediment in Lake Nansihu
Authors: Fengming Cheng, Liyuan Yang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Environmental Science and Information Application Technology - Volume 01 (2009)

Nutrients concentrations in surface and core sediments from Lake Nansihu were investigated. The results showed that sediments from Lake Nanyang had significantly higher TP concentrations than any other area of Lake Nansihu. Lake Dushan suffered from the highest TOC and TN content. Lake Zhaoyang had low TOC, TN and TP concentrations. The method of 137Cs dating was used to derive accumulation rates of 3.5 mm/a for Lake Dushan. The historical profiles of Lake Dushan for nutrients showed that TOC, TN and TP mainly enriched in 0-8 cm, and presented simultaneously changeable trends. The development of society and economy in the Basin had resulted in nutrients release increasing, which made nutrients accumulation in recent sediment. The ratios of C:N varied slightly from 7.6 to 11.4 for the recent core. These characteristics suggested that organic matters in the sediments mainly originated from continental plants without cellulose and reserved variations in ecosystems resulted from continents. The monitored data indicated that the discharge of domestic, industry and agriculture from the lake basin directly into Lake Nanyang was the mainly source that made the enrichment of TOC, TN and TP in Lake Nansihu.
Effectively Managing and Processing Personal Learning Content
Authors: Stefanie Sieber, Andreas Henrich
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Advances in Web Based Learning (2009)

Comparing the typical learner only about one or two decades ago and today, an undeniable difference is evident. By now, most of traditional learning has been moved into a continuum of blended learning, as defined by Jones [1]. In this context, especially ways for distributing learning material and contacting each other have completely changed. Learning Management Systems (LMS) are, in the majority of cases, employed to provide a basis for modern learning. Whether it comes to distance learning or not, all required material, including additional information for further reading and tasks controlling the learner's success, is provided online such that learners can easily access all desired information any time and any place. Communication has been detached from specific points or periods in time as well. This digitalization of the learning process also bears new challenges, which have to be faced by learners as well as lecturers.The concept, introduced in this paper, addresses these facts by delivering a service to set the stage for a personal learning environment adjusted to the needs of a single user. Hence, it provides facilities for integrated maintenance and search in heterogeneous personal learning material.
Focusing generalizations of belief propagation on targeted queries
Authors: Arthur Choi, Adnan Darwiche
Venue: Proceedings of the 23rd national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 2 (2008)

A recent formalization of Iterative Belief Propagation (IBP) has shown that it can be understood as an exact inference algorithm on an approximate model that results from deleting every model edge. This formalization has led to (1) new realizations of Generalized Belief Propagation (GBP) in which edges are recovered incrementally to improve approximation quality, and (2) edge-recovery heuristics that are motivated by improving the approximation quality of all node marginals in a graphical model. In this paper, we propose new edge-recovery heuristics, which are focused on improving the approximations of targeted node marginals. The new heuristics are based on newly-identified properties of edge deletion, and in turn IBP, which guarantee the exactness of edge deletion in simple and idealized cases. These properties also suggest new improvements to IBP approximations which are based on performing edge-by-edge corrections on targeted marginals, which are less costly than improvements based on edge recovery.
Proactive Peer-to-Peer Traffic Control When Delivering Large Amounts of Content within a Large-Scale Organization
Authors: Chih-Chin Liang, Chia-Hung Wang, Hsing Luh, Ping-Yu Hsu, Wuyi Yue
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Smart Spaces and Next Generation Wired/Wireless Networking and Second Conference on Smart Spaces (2009)

The Peer-to-Peer (P2P) approaches utilize the passive means of delivering large amounts of content due to the ease of content delivery and small amount of effort required for file transmission and failure control by the file provider. However, P2P methods incur network congestion due to the large number of uncontrolled connections established by those retrieving content. Additionally, P2P methods potentially stop file providers from exchanging data with other devices because of congested outbound traffic. Therefore, existing P2P approaches are infeasible for large-scale organizations as a congested uncontrolled network is not ideal in a business environment. Related studies demonstrated that the active method for content can minimize outbound congestion for a provider but it needs the fault tolerance. This study presents a novel application called Enterprise Peer-to-Peer (EP2P), which integrates passive and active approaches. Using EP2P, the outbound traffic from a sender on an Intranet can be controlled efficiently, because the transmission between a provider and many receivers can be changed from passive to active on necessary. Therefore, we suggest organizations use EP2P for the delivery of content.
Efficient on-the-fly Algorithm for Checking Alternating Timed Simulation
Authors: Peter Bulychev, Thomas Chatain, Alexandre David, Kim G. Larsen
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Formal Modeling and Analysis of Timed Systems (2009)

In this paper we focus on property-preserving preorders between timed game automata and their application to control of partially observable systems. We define timed weak alternating simulation as a preorder between timed game automata, which preserves controllability. We define the rules of building a symbolic turn-based two-player game such that the existence of a winning strategy is equivalent to the simulation being satisfied. We also propose an on-the-fly algorithm for solving this game. This simulation checking method can be applied to the case of non-alternating or strong simulations as well. We illustrate our algorithm by a case study and report on results.
A Usability Study of WebMaps with Eye Tracking Tool: The Effects of Iconic Representation of Information
Authors: Özge Alaçam, Mustafa Dalcı
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Part I: New Trends (2009)

In this study, we aim to conduct usability tests on different WebMap sites with eye movement analysis. Overall task performance, the effects of iconic representation of information, and the efficiency of pop-up usage were evaluated. The eye tracking technology is used for this study in order to follow the position of the users' eye-gaze. The results show that there are remarkable differences in task performance between WebMaps. Addition, they also differ in the use of iconic representations according to results of users' evaluation. It is also found that efficiency of pop-up windows' usage has an effect on task performance.
Inductive semi-supervised learning methods for natural language processing
Authors: Anoop Sarkar, Gholamreza Haffari
Venue: Proceedings of the Human Language Technology Conference of the NAACL, Companion Volume: Tutorial Abstracts on XX (2006)

Supervised machine learning methods which learn from labelled (or annotated) data are now widely used in many different areas of Computational Linguistics and Natural Language Processing. There are widespread data annotation endeavours but they face problems: there are a large number of languages and annotation is expensive, while at the same time raw text data is plentiful. Semi-supervised learning methods aim to close this gap.
Critical Infrastructures Security Modeling, Enforcement and Runtime Checking
Authors: Anas Abou El Kalam, Yves Deswarte
Venue: Critical Information Infrastructure Security: Third International Workshop, CRITIS 2008, Rome, Italy, October13-15, 2008. Revised Papers (2009)

This paper identifies the most relevant security requirements for critical infrastructures (CIs), and according to these requirements, proposes an access control framework. The latter supports the CI security policy modeling and enforcement. Then, it proposes a runtime model checker for the interactions between the organizations forming the CIs, to verify their compliance with previously signed contracts. In this respect, not only our security framework handles secure local and remote accesses, but also audits and verifies the different interactions. In particular, remote accesses are controlled, every deviation from the signed contracts triggers an alarm, the concerned parties are notified, and audits can be used as evidence for sanctioning the party responsible for the deviation.
Batch-Mode Computational Advertising Based on Modern Portfolio Theory
Authors: Dell Zhang, Jinsong Lu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Theory of Information Retrieval: Advances in Information Retrieval Theory (2009)

The research on computational advertising so far has focused on finding the single best ad. However, in many real situations, more than one ad can be presented. Although it is possible to address this problem myopically by using a single-ad optimisation technique in serial-mode, i.e., one at a time, this approach can be ineffective and inefficient because it ignores the correlation between ads. In this paper, we make a leap forward to address the problem of finding the best ads in batch-mode, i.e., assembling the optimal set of ads to be presented altogether. The key idea is to achieve maximum revenue while controlling the level of risk by diversifying the set of ads. We show how the Modern Portfolio Theory can be applied to this problem to provide elegant solutions and deep insights.
E-Assessment: A Suitable Alternative for Measuring Competences?
Authors: Martin Kröll
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Part IV: Interacting in Various Application Domains (2009)

More and more companies accomplish tests for the assortment of trainees to measure the aspirants competences and competence potentials. The article in hand is dedicated to the academic evaluation of the adoption of new E-Assessment methods. Thereby it has to be resolved in how far the expectations linked with the E-Assessment's assignment for example seen from the company's view or from the proband's one, can be achieved. To adopt the computer-aided diagnostic professionally, its advantages and disadvantages are to be considered.
Little Mozart: Establishing Long Term Relationships with (Virtual) Companions
Authors: Secundino Correia, Sandra Pedrosa, Juliana Costa, Marco Estanqueiro
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents (2009)

This paper aims to present e the work developed at Cnotinfor within the LIREC project. We will present Little Mozart mind architecture and facial expressions. Our goal is to create a virtual e-learning agent capable of establishing meaningful interactions with children on how to compose and improve their knowledge of melodic composition and basics of musical language. In order to make our agent believable and engaging we resorted to facial and body 3D modeling techniques as a strategy for expressing emotion through multimodal communication.
Graph States and the Necessity of Euler Decomposition
Authors: Ross Duncan, Simon Perdrix
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th Conference on Computability in Europe: Mathematical Theory and Computational Practice (2009)

Coecke and Duncan recently introduced a categorical formalisation of the interaction of complementary quantum observables. In this paper we use their diagrammatic language to study graph states, a computationally interesting class of quantum states. We give a graphical proof of the fixpoint property of graph states. We then introduce a new equation, for the Euler decomposition of the Hadamard gate, and demonstrate that Van den Nest's theorem--locally equivalent graphs represent the same entanglement--is equivalent to this new axiom. Finally we prove that the Euler decomposition equation is not derivable from the existing axioms.
Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Model of Core Competitiveness of Universities Based on Information Fusion
Authors: Yunfeng Song, Fuming Liu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Asia-Pacific Conference on Information Processing - Volume 01 (2009)

Nowadays, higher education in our country shows the characteristics of popularization, internationalization and demand diversification. It is necessary to evaluate the competitiveness of universities and then nurture and enhance the competitiveness. In this article, the author constructs a model of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation based on membership transformation with the entropy-based data mining method. Through mining the data information of objective classification hidden in the membership of parameters and introducing the distinguishable weight, it better solves the interference problem of the redundant data. An example of the evaluation model for competitiveness of a university is presented, which indicates that the model is convenient and feasible and that the result of assessment is objective and reliable.