ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Art teachers' attitudes toward and experiences in the use of computer technology to conform with the teaching strategies stipulated in the 2002 taiwanese first to ninth grade curriculum alignment (china)
Authors: Dennis E. Fehr
Venue:  (2004)

This survey study investigated art teachers' experiences with and attitudes toward the use of computer technology to design appropriate in-service and pre-service art education programs to prepare art teachers to comply with the 2002 Taiwanese 1st--9th grade curriculum alignment. Two subscales were designed to construct the questionnaire. The survey was aimed at Taiwanese in-service art teachers. A total of 293 representative sample of data were collected creating a response rate of 58.6%. The analyses of multiple regression supported the hypotheses that art teachers' experiences in the use of computer technology significantly influenced their attitudes toward integrating computer technology into art instruction and toward digital art. Six experience-factors developed show statistical significance in predicting art teachers' two attitude-factors. The general tendency was that the more art teachers had positive experiences in using computer technology, the more they supported the integration of computer technology into 1st--9th grade curriculum alignment. To enhance art teachers' advanced competence in the use computer technology, especially the improvement of the competence in integrating computer technology with art making, was found to benefit their positive attitudes toward the artistic value of digital art. Six descriptors were used to examine whether art teachers' socio-demographic backgrounds influenced their experiences in the use of computer technology. Age, the number of years taught, and size of the teaching school were the significant factors which resulted in art teachers' different responses to their experiences in using computer technology. Among these three variables, the number of years taught demonstrated the most influential effect. When combining six demographic descriptors with six experience factors to predict art teachers' attitudes, demographic backgrounds did not demonstrate important influence, except regarding educational background. Thus specific educational backgrounds increased positive attitudes toward integrating digital technology in art teaching and art making, but did not increase their experiences with computer use in art education. The impact of art teachers' number of years taught indicate that the more experienced art teachers are, the less competent they are in using computers. This suggests the need for in-service education in how to integrate computers in teaching and making art, and to increase art teachers' familiarity with digital art.
Supporting the development of a national constellation of communities of practice in the scholarship of teaching and learning through the use of intelligent agents
Authors: Darren Cambridge
Venue: Proceedings of the 1999 conference on Computer support for collaborative learning (1999)

This paper describes the WebCenter, a CSCL tool being developed to support the Carnegie Academy for the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning Campus Program, an effort to strengthen local communities of practice performing the scholarship of teaching and learning and to create a national constellation of communities of practice that transverses them. The WebCenter provides a suite of groupware tools for the use of Campus Program participants. The WebCenter uses two analysis systems to act as social agents to stimulate activity. First, a collaborative filtering system is used to encourage national and cross-disciplinary collaboration between scholars of teaching and learning. Second, an automated peer-review and invitation system, based on the model of a consensus journal, is being developed for three purposes: to support the development of national consensus on the criteria for assessing the scholarship of teaching and learning, to stimulate the production of scholarship meeting these criteria, and to lend credibility to scholarship published on the WebCenter.
Polygon labelling of minimum leader length
Authors: Michael A. Bekos, Michael Kaufmann, Katerina Potika, Antonios Symvonis
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 Asia-Pacific Symposium on Information Visualisation - Volume 60 (2006)

We study a variation of the boundary labelling problem, with floating sites (represented as polygons), labels of uniform size placed in fixed positions on the boundary of a rectangle (that encloses all sites) and special type of leaders connecting labels to sites. We seek to obtain a labelling of all sites with leaders that are non-overlapping and have minimum total length. We present an O(n2 log3 n) time algorithm for the labelling of polygons.
Functional Anatomical Correlates of Controlled and Automatic Processing
Authors: Johan Martijn Jansma, Nick F. Ramsey, Heleen A. Slagter, Rene S. Kahn
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2001)

Behavioral studies have shown that consistent practice of a cognitive task can increase the speed of performance and reduce variability of responses and error rate, reflecting a shift from controlled to automatic processing. This study examines how the shift from controlled to automatic processing changes brain activity. A verbal Sternberg task was used with continuously changing targets (novel task, NT) and with constant, practiced targets (practiced task, PT). NT and PT were presented in a blocked design and contrasted to a choice reaction time (RT) control task (CT) to isolate working memory (WM)-related activity. The three-dimensional (3-D) PRESTO functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) sequence was used to measure hemodynamic responses. Behavioral data revealed that task processing became automated after practice, as responses were faster, less variable, and more accurate. This was accompanied specifically by a decrease in activation in regions related to WM (bilateral but predominantly left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), right superior frontal cortex (SFC), and right frontopolar area) and the supplementary motor area. Results showed no evidence for a shift of foci of activity within or across regions of the brain. The findings have theoretical implications for understanding the functional anatomical substrates of automatic and controlled processing, indicating that these types of information processing have the same functional anatomical substrate, but differ in efficiency. In addition, there are practical implications for interpreting activity as a measure for task performance, such as in patient studies. Whereas reduced activity can reflect poor performance if a task is not sensitive to practice effects, it can reflect good performance if a task is sensitive to practice effects.
Developing data fusion systems devoted to security control in port facilities
Authors: Enrico Bocca, Simone Viazzo, Francesco Longo, Giovanni Mirabelli
Venue: Proceedings of the 37th conference on Winter simulation (2005)

The paper presents an innovative approach to seaport security problems. In particular the authors propose the Modelling & Simulation and Data Fusion integration to provide an efficient tool to test and improve the container inspection reliability taking into consideration - at the same time - the impact of different security level on system performances.In this context the opportunity given by new standards and normative, in terms of sharing information, highlights the possibility to use Simulation as well as Data Fusion for analyzing different aspects (related to security) enhancing the container selection approach based on container risk evaluation (as strongly required, for instance, by Customs-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism, C-TPAT).
Using Spatio-Temporal Patches for Simultaneous Estimation of Edge Strength, Orientation, and Motion
Authors: Andrew N. Stein, Martial Hebert
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshop (2006)

We describe an extension to ordinary patch-based edge detection in images using spatio-temporal volumetric patches from video. The inclusion of temporal information enables us to estimate motion normal to edges in addition to edge strength and spatial orientation. The method can handle complex edges in clutter by comparing distributions of data on either half of an extracted patch, rather than modeling the intensity profile of the edge. An efficient approach is provided for building the necessary histograms which samples candidate edge orientations and motions. Results are compared to classical spatio-temporal filtering techniques.
Optimizing Ranked Retrieval over Categorical Attributes
Authors: Seung-won Hwang
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th IEEE Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems (2006)

As the entry and archival of medical data are being digitized, more and more medical data are becoming accessible. This paper studies how to enable an effective retrieval of medical data by ranked retrieval of only the most relevant highly-ranked data. While ranked retrieval has been actively studied lately, existing works have focused mainly on supporting ranking over numerical or text data. However, many existing medical data contain a large amount of categorical attributes, e.g., gender, race profile, or pain type, which cannot be efficiently supported by either line of existing algorithms - Unlike numerical attributes where a natural ordering is inherent, formulating and processing ranked retrieval over categorical attributes with no such ordering are challenging. This paper studies an efficient and effective support of ranking over categorical data, and also a uniform support with other types of attributes, e.g., numerical attributes.
Automatic Generation of an Instruction Set Simulator for Educational Use
Authors: Hideaki Yanagisawa, Minoru Uehara, Hideki Mori
Venue: Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Database and Expert Systems Applications (2006)

To develop an embedded system, in which processors are used, a skilled assembler is necessary. An ISA (Instruction Set Architecture) simulator is essential for training assembly programming, and the preparation of a SWDE (Software Development Environment) such as simulator, assembler, disassembler, and compiler for a new processor can put a great strain on processor We have been developing C-DASH (C-like Design Automation Shell), a Hardware/Software codesign tool for processors that can generate an instruction set level simulator based on a character user interface. In this paper, we construct a graphical user interface for a simulator and describe the utilization of the simulator for education.
Optimization of wireless communication systems using cross-layer information
Authors: Luis Alonso, Ramón Agustí
Venue: Signal Processing (2006)

In the last few years, a new design paradigm has arisen in the field of wireless communications research: the so-called cross-layer optimization. In fact, this paradigm implies the redefinition of the overall design strategies for this kind of systems as it breaks the classical OSI model. The endless need for higher and higher bit rates, stringent QoS requirements and anytime-anywhere connections for wireless systems leads to the necessity of squeezing to the utmost the available radio bandwidth. Cross-layer plays a key role to achieve this goal. The amount of literature about this issue is still relatively scarce, but the premier published results show that the potential obtainable gains are worthy to deserve the increasingly attention that cross-layer is getting. This paper revises the different definitions used for such paradigm, describes the possible mechanisms that can be fitted into the definitions, outlines research challenges to meet in the near future, and analyses different strategies proposed by the authors showing some recent novel results for CDMA-based and WLAN systems.
An Event-related fMRI Study of Exogenous Orienting: Supporting Evidence for the Cortical Basis of Inhibition of Return?
Authors: Andrew R. Mayer, Michael Seidenberg, Jill M. Dorflinger, Stephen M. Rao
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2004)

This event-related fMRI experiment examined the neural substrates of exogenous visuospatial attention. Exogenous attention produces a biphasic response pattern denoted by facilitation at short cue&ndash;target intervals and inhibition of return (IOR) at longer intervals. Whereas the volitional orienting of attention has been well described in the literature, the neural systems that support exogenous facilitation and IOR in humans are relatively unknown. In direct comparisons to valid facilitation trials, valid IOR trials produced unique foci of activation in the right posterior parietal, superior temporal, middle temporal, middle occipital, anterior cingulate, and dorsal medial thalamic areas. Valid IOR trials also resulted in activation of motor exploratory and frontal areas previously associated with inhibition and oculomotor control. In contrast, invalid IOR compared to facilitation trials only activated anterior cortical structures. These results provide support for both attentional and oculomotor theories of IOR and suggest that IOR may be mediated by two networks. One network may mediate the inhibitory bias following an exogenous cue, whereas a separate network may be activated when a response must be made to stimuli that appear in inhibited locations of space.
Genetic algorithms for linear feature extraction
Authors: Alberto J. Perez-Jimenez, Juan C. Perez-Cortes
Venue: Pattern Recognition Letters (2006)

In this work, a new technique for linear feature extraction and data projection using genetic algorithms (GA) is presented. GAs are employed to find linear projections in order to reduce the original number of features or to provide meaningful representations of the original data. The proposed technique is compared with well-known methods such as principal component analysis (PCA) and neural networks for non-linear discriminant analysis (NDA). A comparative study of these methods with several data sets is presented.
Cohen-Macaulay chordal graphs
Authors: Jürgen Herzog, Takayuki Hibi, Xinxian Zheng
Venue: Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series A (2006)

We classify all Cohen-Macaulay chordal graphs. In particular, it is shown that a chordal graph is Cohen-Macaulay if and only if it is unmixed.
An Innovative Approach to Teaching Robotics
Authors: Jayfus T. Doswell, Pauline H. Mosley
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (2006)

Problem Solving Using LEGOS is a 3-credit hour course offered to any student at Pace University of Pleasantville, New York. The class uses a projectbased learning environment, which consists of four design projects. This paper discusses the pedagogical advantages of teaching robotics in a mixed-reality environment with a virtual instructor as opposed to teaching robotics in a traditional laboratory setting.
Communication Protocol Evolution by Natural Selection
Authors: SEYED HOSSEIN KHASTEH, SAEED BAGHERI SHOURAKI, RAMIN HALAVATI MAJID LESANI
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Inteligence for Modelling Control and Automation and International Conference on Intelligent Agents Web Technologies and International Commerce (2006)

One of the most important issues discussed in multi-agent systems, is communication between agents. Usually, a predefined communication protocol is used, but predefining a protocol between agents causes some problems; for example it is possible that agents recognize a subject that is not defined in their protocol so they can't express anything about it. In this paper we propose a new method for evolution of a communication protocol between intelligent agents by using natural selection mechanism. Experimental results will be discussed in detail.
High-Efficiency and Low-Power Architectures for 2-D DCT and IDCT Based on CORDIC Rotation
Authors: Tze-Yun Sung, Yaw-Shih Shieh, Chun-Wang Yu, Hsi-Chin Hsin
Venue: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing, Applications and Technologies (2006)

Two dimensional discrete cosine transform (DCT) and inverse DCT (IDCT) have been widely used in many image processing systems. In this paper, efficient architectures with parallel and pipelined structures are proposed to implement 8× 8 DCT and IDCT processors. In which, two 8-point DCT/IDCT processors with dual-bank of SRAM (128 words) and coefficient ROM (6 words), two multiplexers, and control unit are involved. The kernel arithmetic unit (AU) is designed by using CORDIC arithmetic. The proposed architectures for 2-D DCT/IDCT processors not only simplify hardware but also reduce the power consumption with high performances.
Efficient Multicast Algorithms for Mesh-connected Multicomputers
Authors: Hovhannes A. Harutyunyan, Shengjian Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on Information Visualization (2006)

Performance of multicomputers largely depends on that of the underlying network communications such as multicast. Two major parameters used to evaluate multicast routing are the time it takes to deliver the message to all destinations and the traffic which refers to the total number of links involved. Mesh is a network topology widely used in multicomputers. It has been proved that, in mesh network, it is NP-hard to find the multicast routing which is optimal on both time and traffic. In this paper, we proposed two efficient multicast algorithms designed for store-and-forward switched mesh-connected multicomputers: DIAG and DDS. They are both tree-based shortest path multicast algorithms whose complexity is O(KN) or less. Performance evaluations of these algorithms resulted from simulations are given at the end.
Random cubic planar graphs
Authors: Manuel Bodirsky, Mihyun Kang, Mike Löffler, Colin McDiarmid
Venue: Random Structures Algorithms (2007)

We show that the number of labeled cubic planar graphs on n vertices with n even is asymptotically &alpha;n-7/2&rho;-nn!, where &rho;-1 ... 3.13259 and &alpha; are analytic constants. We show also that the chromatic number of a random cubic planar graph that is chosen uniformly at random among all the labeled cubic planar graphs on n vertices is three with probability tending to e-&rho;4/4! ... 0.999568 and four with probability tending to 1 - e-&rho;4/4! as n &rarr; &infin; with n even. The proof given combines generating function techniques with probabilistic arguments. &copy; 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 2007
Interpretability and mean-square error performance of fuzzy inference systems For Data Mining: Research Articles
Authors: Ashwani Kumar
Venue: International Journal of Intelligent Systems in Accounting and Finance Management (2005)

Over the years, many methods have become available for designing fuzzy inference systems from data. Their efficiency is usually characterized by a numerical index, the mean-square error. However, for human&ndash;computer cooperation, another criterion is needed; the rule of interpretability. This paper analyses two kinds of fuzzy inference system: fuzzy clustering algorithms to organize and categorize data in homogeneous groups, and grid partitioning (generated from data or given by experts) of the multidimensional space. The methods are compared according to mean-square error performance and an interpretability criterion. Simulation results carried out on a forecasting problem associated with stock market are included. Copyright &copy; 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Can Robots Teach? Preliminary Results on Educational Robotics in Special Education
Authors: Eija Karna-Lin, Kaisa Pihlainen-Bednarik, Erkki Sutinen, Marjo Virnes
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (2006)

Educational robotics is used worldwide in education as a learning tool, but surprisingly rarely in special education. In our study educational robotics and the Kids' Club working model were brought into special education which usually lacks educational technology tools. Through qualitative action research, we have identified various advantages that educational robotics can bring into learning. The robotic tools made it possible for the students to practice and learn many necessary skills, like collaboration, cognitive skills, self-confidence, perception, and spatial understanding. The encouraging results support the second phase of the study that will analyze more concretely how technology should be developed to become more flexible and usable for all learners and what we can learn from students with individual needs through the use of technology.
Robust low power computing in the nanoscale era
Authors: Todd Austin
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th annual symposium on Integrated circuits and systems design (2006)

This tutorial will present recent results in robust low power computing. The perspective will be microarchitectural: what limitations does it put on the microarchitecture and what can the microarchitect do to reduce the dependency on power and improve robustness? The tutorial will start with a technology overview that charts future trends in power and reliability. We will present a summary of prior research in dynamic power reduction in microarchitectures, and give some examples of industrial solutions. We will also review prior research in microarchitectural reduction of leakage performed by us and others. While the continued scaling that Moore's Law predicts is in many ways good for reducing power, scaling also reduces reliability by increasing uncertainty in device performance. Therefore, in order to take advantage of scaling, it will be necessary to compute in the presence of various types of silicon-related faults. Two that are particularly important are single-event upsets, and, even more serious, gates that will not meet their specifications. We will review techniques to provide robustness in light of these trends. In particular, we will revisit techniques developed by the fault-tolerant community as well as newer ideas in timing speculation, exemplified by our Razor research.The tutorial is intended for computer architects and circuit designers interested in a better understanding of current reliability challenges and emerging technologies to address them.
Offloading IDS Computation to the GPU
Authors: Nigel Jacob, Carla Brodley
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Computer Security Applications Conference (2006)

Signature-matching Intrusion Detection Systems can experience significant decreases in performance when the load on the IDS-host increases. We propose a solution that off-loads some of the computation performed by the IDS to the Graphics Processing Unit (GPU). Modern GPUs are programmable, stream-processors capable of high-performance computing that in recent years have been used in non-graphical computing tasks. The major operation in a signature-matching IDS is matching values seen operation to known black-listed values, as such, our solution implements the string-matching on the GPU. The results show that as the CPU load on the IDS host system increases, PixelSnort's performance is significantly more robust and is able to outperform conventional Snort by up to 40%.