ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Generalized STWS technique for higher order time-varying singular systems
Authors: D. Paul Dhayabaran, A. Emimal Kanaga Pushpam, E. C. Henry Amirtharaj
Venue: International Journal of Computer Mathematics (2007)

A study of different higher-order time-varying singular systems of initial value problems (IVPs) using the generalized single-term Walsh series (STWS technique) is presented. The existing STWS technique is used to solve IVPs of first-and second-order systems and is extended to determine discrete solutions for the systems of IVPs of any higher order n with p variables. The effectiveness of the technique is demonstrated by using it to find discrete solutions for time-varying singular systems of different orders.
Analysis of adjacency effects for two Lambertian half-spaces
Authors: A. Sei
Venue: International Journal of Remote Sensing (2007)

An analysis of one-dimensional adjacency effects is presented. This classical problem is shown to be amenable to closed form error analysis when one-dimensional adjacency correction schemes are used. In particular the error made when surface reflectance is retrieved using an infinite target assumption is given in closed form. This allows deductions for the behaviour of the error as a function of wavelength and optical thickness. Typical length-scales of the adjacency effects are deduced and the range and magnitude of the error are also given in closed form.
Learning conjunctions of Horn clauses
Authors: D. Angluin
Venue: Proceedings of the 31st Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (1990)

An algorithm for learning the class of Boolean formulas that are expressible as conjunctions of Horn clauses is presented. (A Horn clause is a disjunction of literals, all but at most one of which is a negated variable). The algorithm uses equivalence queries and membership queries to produce a formula that is logically equivalent to the unknown formula to be learned. The amount of time used by the algorithm is polynomial in the number of variables and the number of clauses in the unknown formula.
Power and Spectral Efficient Free Space Optical Link Based on MIMO System
Authors: Harinder Sandhu, D. Chadha
Venue: Proceedings of the Communication Networks and Services Research Conference (2008)

In this paper, we describe a terrestrial, line-of-sight free space optical (FSO) communication link using non-repetitive MIMO scheme with power efficient pulse position modulated (PPM) signal over highly scattering propagation medium described by Gamma-Gamma PDF channel. Due to its underlying low complexity, VBLAST-ZF (Vertical Bell Labs Layered Space Time - Zero Forcing) detection mechanism is exploited at the receiver side to increase overall spectral efficiency and channel capacity. Burst mode communication is assumed as the channel variations are considered to be constant within a block period and vary from block to block. Overall performance comparison under different turbulence conditions is obtained in terms of symbol error in a simulated random gamma-gamma PDF propagation environment. No coding has been included in the present work.
A research study on the use of the internet and its influence on human interaction
Authors: William J. Giraldo, Alexandra Ruiz, Maria L. Villegas
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 Euro American conference on Telematics and information systems (2007)

This is a study on the use of internet. The objective is to demonstrate that currently, the internet is mostly used in human-human interaction. A systematic review is conducted and studies are presented. However, the difficulty in this type of research and the complex characteristics of the internet analyzed from the perspective of human-human interaction make the results, even when they are not favorable, valid for the specification of future work.
Simulated annealing for graph bisection
Authors: M. Jerrum
Venue: Proceedings of the 1993 IEEE 34th Annual Foundations of Computer Science (1993)

We resolve in the affirmative a question of R.B. Boppana and T. Bui: whether simulated annealing can with high probability and in polynomial time, find the optimal bisection of a random graph an G/sub npr/ when p-r=(/spl Theta/n/sup /spl Delta/-2/) for /spl Delta//spl les/2. (The random graph model G/sub npr/ specifies a "planted" bisection of density r, separating two n/2-vertex subsets of slightly higher density p.) We show that simulated "annealing" at an appropriate fixed temperature (i.e., the Metropolis algorithm) finds the unique smallest bisection in O(n/sup 2+/spl epsi//) steps with very high probability, provided /spl Delta/>11/6. (By using a slightly modified neighborhood structure, the number of steps can be reduced to O(n/sup 1+/spl epsi//).) We leave open the question of whether annealing is effective for /spl Delta/ in the range 3/2
Infection spread in wireless networks with random and adversarial node mobilities
Authors: Yi Wang, Shyam Kapadia, Bhaskar Krishnamachari
Venue: Proceeding of the 1st ACM SIGMOBILE workshop on Mobility models (2008)

We study the process of the spread of an infection among mobile nodes moving on a finite, grid based map. A random walk and a novel adversarial model are considered as two extreme cases of node mobility. With N nodes, we present analytical and simulation results for both mobility models for a square grid map with size √G × √G. A key finding is that with random mobility the total time to infect all nodes decreases with N while with an adversarial model we observe a reverse trend. Specifically, the random case results in a total infection time of Θ(GlogGlogN/(N) as opposed to the adversarial case where the total infection time is found to be Θ(√(Glog(N). We also explore the possibility of emulating such an infection process as a mobile interaction game with wireless sensor motes, and the above results are complimented by traces obtained from an empirical study with humans as players in an outdoor field.
KNOWLEDGE REPRESENTATION FOR LEADERSHIP STORIES
Authors: Ronald Hartung, Anne Håkansson
Venue: Cybernetics and Systems (2007)

Leadership requires making decisions and implementing the results by influencing those being lead. The Personal Access to Leadership project, PAL, is constructing tools to assist leaders in creative ways and assisting the development of leaders. The tools are knowledge-based systems employing shallow understanding of the domain. The approaches used provide guidance, but do not generate solutions. One aspect that continues under exploration in PAL is the use of stories for training and guiding leaders. In order to make such support systems work, a representation is needed to enable locating useful stories related to the task of a leader. This article defines a model for story representation for the PAL tools, called the PAL tool IdeaLab. The IdeaLab is the tool to which stories are being added, as a help system to support and extend the user's thinking.
Creating a searchable map library via data mining
Authors: Judith Gelernter, Michael Lesk
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th ACM/IEEE-CS joint conference on Digital libraries (2008)

Maps in journal articles are difficult to access since they are rarely indexed apart from the articles themselves. Our prototype of a searchable map library was built by extracting maps and harvesting metadata from scanned articles to classify each map.
Optimal Monetary Policy and Long-term Interest Rate Dynamics: Taylor Rule Extensions
Authors: Simone Casellina, Mariacristina Uberti
Venue: Computational Economics (2008)

Many proposals are made to extend Taylor rule by including in the optimal reaction function other variables than those originally introduced by Taylor (Discretion versus policy rules in practice, Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy, 1993). The empirical studies point out the importance of long-term interest rates to explain and to forecast the behaviour of the monetary policy control variable. In particular, the positive shocks on long-term interest rates seem to induce a restrictive monetary policy and this finding is explained through the hypothesis that these shocks include the rational expectations on the future inflation rate. McCallum (Federal Reserve of Richmond Economic Quarterly 91(4), 1---21, 2005) assumes a positive relation between long-term and short-term interest rates to explain the inconsistency of US data with the expectations theory of the interest rate term structure. In this paper a new theoretical model is developed and analysed where the model of Clarida et al. (Journal of Economic Literature, 37(4), 1661---1707, 1999) is extended in the above outline of the term structure rational expectations hypothesis and also the dynamics of the nominal long-term interest rate as well as the dynamics of real exchange rate are involved. The optimal reaction function is provided by the algorithm described in Dennis (Journal of Economic Dynamics Control, 28, 1635---1660, 2005) and the empirical impulse response function is obtained by estimating a VAR model. In spite of the empirical finding, the results obtained from the proposed theoretical model show that the optimal response to a positive shock in long-term interest rate is a reduction in the short-term and an economic rationale of this finding is suggested.
Computer-science education as a cultural encounter: a socio-cultural framework for articulating learning difficulties
Authors: YifatBen-David Kolikant
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th annual conference on Innovation and technology in computer science education (2008)

We present a framework for articulating learning difficulties in computer science (CS) based on the socio-cultural theoretical idea that learning means entering a culture. In school, teachers and students participate in two cultures simultaneously: (1) school and (2) the domain studied. CS students are members of a third culture, computer users and thus, in CS lessons, three cultural viewpoints are employed simultaneously, which might recast students' understanding of CS with ungenuine- CS elements. The power of this framework was demonstrated in a three-phase investigation into difficulties regarding correctness using questionnaires. The first two phases revealed how both school and the user's culture nurture students' misconceptions of correctness, which contribute to students' inadequate work habits. The third phase exposed teachers' dual viewpoint on a programming activity, which students can misinterpret as agreement with their (mis)understanding of the concept.
Ubiquitous Web Access: Collaborative Optimization and Dynamic Content Negotiation
Authors: Xavier Sanchez-Loro, Victoria Beltran, Jordi Casademont, Marisa Catalan
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering (2008)

Traditionally, cellular wide area networks like UMTS are used as Internet access networks for particular users but, in some cases, they can be employed to provide Internet access to other smaller networks as well. The main inconvenient is that cellular networks have not the same bandwidth than wired networks and therefore, the cellular channel becomes a network bottle-neck. To help to mitigate this situation and in order to improve the user’s experience different optimization techniques exist, especially in web traffic. This paper studies first the existing synergies at HTTP layer between device capabilities expression, content negotiation, channel optimization and content adaptation. And secondly, it presents a system where HTTP requests transmission is optimized, showing a significant improvement in response time by means of HTTP header reduction over the cellular channel. In order to obtain a successful browsing experience, headers should be restored when reaching the Internet. This dynamic header reconstruction allows giving enriched and more expressive information about user’s device and browser capabilities. Thus navigation speed and user’s QoE can be enhanced by means of dynamic content negotiation in order to obtain adapted (and lighter) content and responses from web servers and adaptation proxies alike.
A Novel SBST Generation Technique for Path-Delay Faults in Microprocessors Exploiting Gate- and RT-Level Descriptions
Authors: K. Christou, M. K. Michael, P. Bernardi, M. Grosso, E. Sanchez, M. Sonza Reorda
Venue: Proceedings of the 26th IEEE VLSI Test Symposium (2008)

This paper presents an innovative approach for the generation of functional programs to test path-delay faults within microprocessors. The proposed method takes advantage of both the gate- and RT-level description of the processor. The former is used to build Binary Decision Diagrams (BDDs) for deriving fault excitation conditions; the latter is exploited for the automatic generation of test programs able to excite and propagate fault effects, based on an evolutionary algorithm and fast RTL simulation. Experimental results on a simple microcontroller show that the proposed methodology is able to generate suitable test sets in reduced times.
Predicting on-line knowledge-transfer intention: a comparison of the theory of reasoned action and the theory of planned behavior
Authors: Rong-Jyue Fang, Hung-Jen Yang, Che-Chern Lin, Jui-Chen Yu, Hsieh-Hua Yang
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th WSEAS International Conference on APPLIED MATHEMATICS (2006)

This paper designed a interactive loop for triggering knowledge transfer. This paper tests the ability of two technology behavior theory model - the theory of reasoned action and the theory of planned behavior-in predicting on-line knowledge-transfer intention. In addition, a comparison of the two theories is conducted. Data were collected from web-based surveys of NKNU (n=385) by using self-administered questionnaires. These results suggest that the theory of planned behavior provides the best fit to the data and explains the highest proportion of variation in online knowledge-transfer intention.
Adaptive Action Selection in Autonomic Software Using Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Mehdi Amoui, Mazeiar Salehie, Siavash Mirarab, Ladan Tahvildari
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Autonomic and Autonomous Systems (2008)

The planning process in autonomic software aims at selecting an action from a finite set of alternatives for adaptation. This is an abstruse problem due to the fact that software behavior is usually very complex with numerous number of control variables. This research work focuses on proposing a planning process and specifically an action selection technique based on "Reinforcement Learning" (RL). We argue why, how, and when RL can be beneficial for an autonomic software system. The proposed approach is applied to a simulated model of a news web application. Evaluation results show that this approach can learn to select appropriate actions in a highly dynamic environment. Furthermore, we compare this approach with another technique from the literature, and the results suggest that it can achieve similar performance in spite of no expert involvement.
Is HTML in a Race to the Bottom? A Large-Scale Survey and Analysis of Conformance to W3C Standards
Authors: Patricia Beatty, Scott Dick, James Miller
Venue: IEEE Internet Computing (2008)

The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) promulgates the HTML standards used on the Web, but it has no authority to enforce the adoption of one standard in favor of another. In this environment, developers have some incentive to ignore up-to-date W3C standards given that the transitional versions of HTML 4.01 and XHTML 1.0 offer most of the capabilities of the newer ones but are less stringent in their requirements. If most Web sites migrate to these "transitional" standards and remain there, future versions might be mere academic exercises for the W3C.
Simulator Implementation of an Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar System for an Extended Naval Target in a Three Dimensional Synthetic Environment
Authors: T. G. Kostis
Venue: Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Computer Modeling and Simulation (2008)

The construction steps regarding a computer simulator implementation for an extended naval target as viewed by an ISAR system is presented in this paper. The analysis involves the build up of the associated conceptual model, the explanation of the applied modelling approach and the depiction of the utilised data exchange standard. Finally the verification, validation and quality focus issues of the simulator are discussed.
Frequency characteristics of Levant's differentiator and adaptive sliding mode differentiator
Authors: Seiichi Kobayashi, Katsuhisa Furuta
Venue: International Journal of Systems Science (2007)

Sliding mode control has been used for the control of industrial processes. The usual controller designed requires the estimates of state variables which are given by the derivatives of the output. Levant's sliding mode differentiator has been found effective to estimate derivatives of signals. Its accuracy depends, however, on the choice of the differentiator parameters determined by the Lipschitz constant of the derivative of the signal. The effect of the improper choice of the parameters is analyzed through the frequency characteristics. Since the Lipschitz constant is usually not known accurately beforehand, this article proposes to use an adaptive mechanism of the differentiator parameters' online adjustment. The adaptive differentiator is found to have the better characteristics of the frequency response in simulation. The adaptive differentiator is also realized using digital signal processor
Measuring novelty and redundancy with multiple modalities in cross-lingual broadcast news
Authors: Xiao Wu, Alexander G. Hauptmann, Chong-Wah Ngo
Venue: Computer Vision and Image Understanding (2008)

News videos from different channels, languages are broadcast everyday, which provide abundant information for users. To effectively search, retrieve, browse and track news stories, news story similarity plays a critical role in assessing the novelty and redundancy among news stories. In this paper, we explore different measures of novelty and redundancy detection for cross-lingual news stories. A news story is represented by multimodal features which include a sequence of keyframes in the visual track, and a set of words and named entities extracted from speech transcript in the audio track. Vector space models and language models on individual features (text, named entities and keyframes) are constructed to compare the similarity among stories. Furthermore, multiple modalities are further fused to improve the performance. Experiments on the TRECVID-2005 cross-lingual news video corpus showed that modalities and measures demonstrate variant performance for novelty and redundancy detection. Language models on text are appropriate for detecting completely redundant stories, while Cosine Distance on keyframes is suitable for detecting somewhat redundant stories. The performance on mono-lingual topics is better than multilingual topics. Textual features and visual features complement each other, and fusion of text, named entities and keyframes substantially improves the performance, which outperforms approaches with just individual features.
Analysis of Threats to the Security of EPC Networks
Authors: Joaquin Garcia-Alfaro, Michel Barbeau, Evangelos Kranakis
Venue: Proceedings of the Communication Networks and Services Research Conference (2008)

Detecting and responding to security and privacy threats to Electronic Product Code (EPC) and Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) technologies are becoming major concerns of information security researchers. However, and before going further in these activities, an evaluation of the threats in terms of importance must be done. We present such an evaluation. Our analysis of the threats is based on a methodology proposed by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI). According to this methodology, we rank the threats to EPC networks in order of relevance. This assesment is intended to prioritize threats for future research on appropriate counter measure mechanisms.
Mirror electron microscope for inspecting nanometer-sized defects in magnetic media
Authors: T. Shimakura, Y. Takahashi, M. Sugaya, T. Ohnishi, M. Hasegawa, H. Ohta
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2008)

We developed a mirror electron microscope (MEM) for the highly sensitive inspection of defects on the magnetic storage disks of commercial hard disk drives (HDDs). Magnetic fields recorded on a magnetic disk do not affect the MEM images for inspection. We used artificial defects in a detection sensitivity evaluation to test the effectiveness of our MEM inspection tool and found that it was sensitive enough to detect defects that were 67nm in diameter and 7nm in height. The size of a MEM image for a defect was eight times larger than the physical size measured by an atomic force microscope. The obtained sensitivity is beyond the resolution power of the objective lens of the MEM itself. This is because MEM images the distortion of static electrical potentials spread over a larger area than the physical size of a defect itself and the image is obtained in out-of-focus condition of an objective lens. The image acquisition time was 50ms, which corresponded to the inspection time of 4h for the full surface inspection of a 2.5in. magnetic disk. MEM is a promising technique for conducting a highly sensitive defect inspection and a high throughput inspection simultaneously as compared with an SEM-based inspection.
Human decision-making behavior and modeling effects
Authors: Choong Nyoung Kim, Kyung Hoon Yang, Jaekyung Kim
Venue: Decision Support Systems (2008)

Previous research indicates that the human decision-making process is quite non-linear and that non-linear models would be more suitable than linear models for developing advanced decision-making models. In our study, we tested this generally held hypothesis by applying linear and non-linear models to experts' decision-making behavior and measuring the predictive accuracy (predictive validity) and valid non-linearity. As a result, we found that non-linearity in the decision-making process is positively related to the predictive validity of the decision. Secondly, in modeling the human decision-making process, we found that valid non-linearity is positively related to the predictive validity of non-linear models. Thirdly, we found that the more non-linearity is inherent in the decision-making process, the more non-linear models are effective. Therefore, we suggest that a preliminary analysis of the characteristics of expert decision-making is needed when knowledge-based models such as expert systems are being developed. We also verify that the lens model is effective in evaluating the predictive validity of human judgment and in analyzing the validity and non-linearity of the human decision-making process.
A Synchronizing Technique for Syntactic Model-Code Round-Trip Engineering
Authors: László Angyal, László Lengyel, Hassan Charaf
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th Annual IEEE International Conference and Workshop on the Engineering of Computer Based Systems (2008)

The introduction of UML class diagrams has not raised the abstraction level of development to the extent that was intended: class diagrams are only the visual representations of source class skeletons implemented in a programming language. To improve the productivity, domain-specific languages are applied, which cover a narrow domain, and their high abstraction makes use of the domain experts easier. The simultaneous evolution of the source code and the software models causes the loss of synchronization. Round-tripping the domain-specific models is not supported by model-driven development tools, because the abstraction gap between the models and the generated code prevents the use of general approaches. However, developers should have the opportunity of choosing between the artifacts that are more efficient for applying the modifications. This paper introduces how different tools achieve the preservation of manually written code while the model is evolving. In contrast, we present our approach that allows the customization of the generated code. The abstraction gap is closed by performing model transformations and an incremental merge.