ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Knowledge exchange as a motivational problem: results of an empirical research program
Authors: Ulrike Cress, Joachim Kimmerle
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Computer supported collaborative learning - Volume 1 (2009)

In many situations of computer-supported collaborative learning, it is a challenge to increase the willingness of those involved to share their knowledge with other group members. To study a prototype of such a situation of computer-supported information exchange, we arranged a shared database setting as a basis of an empirical research program. This knowledge-exchange situation represented a social dilemma: while contributing information to a shared database led to costs and provided no immediate benefit to the individual, the entire group suffered when all members decided to withhold information. A series of experiments identified a multitude of influencing factors in this situation: group size, awareness of the importance of information, costs of entering information, use-related bonus systems, feedback and recommendations, and group awareness. This paper describes the impact of these factors on people's willingness to share their knowledge with their cooperators, and concludes with a discussion of some practical consequences.
Segmenting wrist bone tissue: Enhancements to level set algorithm
Authors: Donatello Conte, Francesco Tufano
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE International Workshop on Medical Measurements and Applications (2009)

In this paper we present a novel algorithm for the segmentation of bony tissues in MR images. Our approach is based on the level set algorithm. We have already been dealt with this problem in a recent paper [1]. However, the previous work still presented some problems, particularly as regards the completeness of the results. This work provides significant improvements and it improves the results as you can see in the experimental phase results.
Extracting Partial Discharge Signals of Generator Based on Elevated Minimum Description Length Criterion and Fast Fourier Transform
Authors: Yan Zhao, Xiaojun Liu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation - Volume 01 (2009)

A new method is put forward to remove the noise in partial discharge (PD) based on Fast Fourier Transform and elevated Minimum Description Length (MDL) criterion. The main interference of generator PD signals is narrow-band interference and white noise. Firstly FFT is designed to deal with the PD signals to reduce the amplitude of narrow-band interference in frequency on basis of differences between them. Then mid-signals after FFT are decomposed by wavelet, the most appropriate wavelet coefficients are obtained by elevated MDL criterion, finally the corresponding coefficients are reconstructed to achieve de-noised PD. This method has wonderful virtues such as free from any parameters estimation about noise, free from threshold choosing behavior, so the method is highly adaptive. Large mount of simulation proves that this method can wipe off narrow-band interference and white noise efficiently, prior to the de-noising algorithm of wavelet and MDL, so it provides a new way for PD de-noising.
When Children Sense in Colours: Determinants of Colour - Emotion Associations
Authors: K. G. D. Tharangie, Ashu Marasinghe, Koichi Yamada
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Biometrics and Kansei Engineering (2009)

It is an accepted fact that children are easy to impress but hard to content. Unlike adults, children have such a dynamic like and dislike patterns. Even though it is not clear why children cannot cling to one idea for a longer period of time it is obvious that their curiosity tempts to experience a bit of everything. While competing with the dynamic nature of child's mind this research extends the previous work on children's colour selection into a new direction; inquiring what are the determinants of children's colour mapping with emotions? This research argues on two phenomena and exposes the readers mind to a third. Three hypotheses were raised. First; culture influence on detecting affective relations towards colour. Second; Nature influence on detecting affective colour relations. Finally whether there is a trace for an unknown third dimension to grasp the affective reaction towards colour.
Utility max-min fair resource allocation for communication networks with multipath routing
Authors: Jiong Jin, Wei-Hua Wang, Marimuthu Palaniswami
Venue: Computer Communications (2009)

This paper considers the flow control and resource allocation problem as applied to the generic multipath communication networks with heterogeneous applications. We propose a novel distributed algorithm, show and prove that among all the sources with positive increasing and bounded utilities (no need to be concave) in steady state, the utility max-min fairness is achieved, which is essential for balancing Quality of Service (QoS) for different applications. By combining the first order Lagrangian method and filtering mechanism, the adopted approach eliminates typical oscillation behavior in multipath networks and possesses a rapid convergence property. In addition, the algorithm is capable of deciding the optimal routing strategy and distributing the total traffic evenly out of the available paths. The performance of our utility max-min fair flow control algorithm is evaluated through simulations under two representative case studies, as well as the real implementation issues are addressed deliberately for the practical purpose.
Navigation Support for the Walking Wounded
Authors: Lucy T. Gunawan, Augustinus H. Oomes, Zhenke Yang
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Part III: Applications and Services (2009)

We aim at designing an effective evacuation support system for disaster response, specifically tailored to aid the walking wounded, a significant group of victims suffering from relatively minor injuries. Supplying walking wounded victims with a simple navigation aid enables them to arrive at a predetermined safe area, while allowing first responders to be allocated where they are most needed. This, we believe, may lead to a more efficient evacuation process. In this paper, we describe a user-centered iterative design process of the navigation aid for the walking wounded. The paper outlines the project from the design phase, through the development and evaluation phases. We find that pedestrian navigation by the sole use of an arrow-pointing device is possible. Additional functionality may enhance the user's confidence and efficiency.
Exploiting Domain Knowledge by Automated Taxonomy Generation in Recommender Systems
Authors: Tao Li, Sarabjot S. Anand
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on E-Commerce and Web Technologies (2009)

The effectiveness of incorporating domain knowledge into recommender systems to address their sparseness problem and improve their prediction accuracy has been discussed in many research works. However, this technique is usually restrained in practice because of its high computational expense. Although cluster analysis can alleviate the computational complexity of the recommendation procedure, it is not satisfactory in preserving pair-wise item similarities, which would severely impair the recommendation quality. In this paper, we propose an efficient approach based on the technique of Automated Taxonomy Generation to exploit relational domain knowledge in recommender systems so as to achieve high system scalability and prediction accuracy. Based on the domain knowledge, a hierarchical data model is synthesized in an offline phase to preserve the original pairwise item similarities. The model is then used by online recommender systems to facilitate the similarity calculation and keep their recommendation quality comparable to those systems by means of real-time exploiting domain knowledge. Experiments were conducted upon real datasets to evaluate our approach.
Surround structured lighting: 3-D scanning with orthographic illumination
Authors: Douglas Lanman, Daniel Crispell, Gabriel Taubin
Venue: Computer Vision and Image Understanding (2009)

This paper presents a new system for rapidly acquiring complete 3-D surface models using a single orthographic structured light projector, a pair of planar mirrors, and one or more synchronized cameras. Using the mirrors, we project structured light patterns that illuminate the object from all sides (not just the side of the projector) and are able to observe the object from several vantage points simultaneously. This system requires that projected planes of light to be parallel, so we construct an orthographic projector using a Fresnel lens and a commercial DLP projector. A single Gray code sequence is used to encode a set of vertically-spaced light planes within the scanning volume, and five views of the illuminated object are obtained from a single image of the planar mirrors located behind it. From each real and virtual camera we recover a dense 3-D point cloud spanning the entire object surface using traditional structured light algorithms. A key benefit of this design is to ensure that each point on the object surface can be assigned an unambiguous Gray code sequence, despite the possibility of being illuminated from multiple directions. In addition to presenting a prototype implementation, we also develop a complete set of mechanical alignment and calibration procedures for utilizing orthographic projectors in computer vision applications. As we demonstrate, the proposed system overcomes a major hurdle to achieving full 360^o reconstructions using a single structured light sequence by eliminating the need for merging multiple scans or multiplexing several projectors.
Application of Human Modelling in Health Care Industry
Authors: Lars Hanson, Dan Högberg, Daniel Lundström, Maria Wårell
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Digital Human Modeling: Held as Part of HCI International 2009 (2009)

Digital human modelling (DHM) is commonly utilised for vehicle and workplace design in the automotive industry. More rarely are the tools applied in the health care industry, albeit having similar objectives for cost-efficiency and user-centred design processes. The paper illustrates how a DHM tool is modified and utilised to evaluate a bathing system design from caretakers' and caregivers' ergonomics point of view. Anthropometry, joint range of motion, description and appearance of the manikin was customised to meet the requirements in a health care setting. Furthermore, a preferred bathing posture was defined. A suggested DHM working process scenario illustrates that DHM tools can be customised, applied and useful in health care product design. Except technical customisations of the DHM tool, the development of a working process and work organisation around the tool is proposed for an effective and efficient use of digital human modelling.
A Performance Comparison of Swarm Intelligence Inspired Routing Algorithms for MANETs
Authors: Jin Wang, Sungyoung Lee
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Science and Its Applications: Part II (2009)

Swarm Intelligence (SI) inspired routing algorithms have become a research focus in recent years due to their self-organizing nature, which is very suitable to the routing problems in Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs). Network topology information can be collected and updated in a distributed and autonomous way via the local interaction among ant-like agents inspired by SI. In this paper we make a comprehensive survey about various SI inspired routing algorithms for MANETs. These algorithms are explained and compared in detail based on a number of network metrics including packet delivery ratio, delay, routing overhead, delay jitter, goodput and throughput etc. It is our hope that the readers can get some hints for their future research work in the realm of SI inspired routing problems from the discussion and simulation results we provide in this paper.
Parameters Estimation Method for STAR Based on Clutter Degree of Freedom
Authors: Duan Keqing, Gao Fei, Xie Wenchong, Wang Yongliang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 WRI Global Congress on Intelligent Systems - Volume 03 (2009)

Space-time autoregression (STAR) is a parametric clutter suppression method based on AR model. The basic theory for clutter suppression of STAR is firstly analyzed. Then a simple and fast parameter estimation method for AR model order based on clutter degree of freedom (DOF) is presented according to the theory of subspace clutter cancellation. The simulation results demonstrate its effectiveness.
Probably Approximately Correct Search
Authors: Ingemar J. Cox, Ruoxun Fu, Lars Kai Hansen
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Theory of Information Retrieval: Advances in Information Retrieval Theory (2009)

We consider the problem of searching a document collection using a set of independent computers. That is, the computers do not cooperate with one another either (i) to acquire their local index of documents or (ii) during the retrieval of a document. During the acquisition phase, each computer is assumed to randomly sample a subset of the entire collection. During retrieval, the query is issued to a random subset of computers, each of which returns its results to the query-issuer, who consolidates the results. We examine how the number of computers, and the fraction of the collection that each computer indexes, affects performance in comparison to a traditional deterministic configuration. We provide analytic formulae that, given the number of computers and the fraction of the collection each computer indexes, provide the probability of an approximately correct search, where a "correct search" is defined to be the result of a deterministic search on the entire collection. We show that the randomized distributed search algorithm can have acceptable performance under a range of parameters settings. Simulation results confirm our analysis.
A Japanese corpus of referring expressions used in a situated collaboration task
Authors: Philipp Spanger, Yasuhara Masaaki, Iida Ryu, Tokunaga Takenobu
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th European Workshop on Natural Language Generation (2009)

In order to pursue research on generating referring expressions in a situated collaboration task, we set up a data-collection experiment based on the Tangram puzzle. For a pair of participants we recorded every utterance in synchronisation with the current state of the puzzle as well as all operations by the participants. Referring expressions were annotated with their referents in order to build a referring expression corpus in Japanese. We provide preliminary results on the analysis of the corpus from various standpoints, focussing on action-mentioning expressions.
Active Imaging with Dual Spin-Echo Diffusion MRI
Authors: Jonathan D. Clayden, Zoltan Nagy, Matt G. Hall, Chris A. Clark, Daniel C. Alexander
Venue: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Information Processing in Medical Imaging (2009)

Active imaging is a recently developed approach to model-based optimisation of imaging protocols. In the application we discuss here, a diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) protocol is optimised for directly measuring aspects of biological tissue microstructure, subject to appropriate scanner hardware and acquisition time constraints. We present the theoretical basis for active imaging with the dual spin-echo (DSE) dMRI pulse sequence, which is more complex than the standard sequence, but widely used due to its robustness to image distortion. The new formulation provides the basis for future active imaging studies using DSE. To demonstrate the approach, we optimise DSE sequences for estimating parameters in a simple model of neural white matter, specifically axon density and diameter. Results show that sensitivity to these important parameters is at least as good as with more traditional pulse sequences that are not robust to image distortion.
Efficiency in unification-based N-best parsing
Authors: Yi Zhang, Stephan Oepen, John Carroll
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Parsing Technologies (2007)

We extend a recently proposed algorithm for n-best unpacking of parse forests to deal efficiently with (a) Maximum Entropy (ME) parse selection models containing important classes of non-local features, and (b) forests produced by unification grammars containing significant proportions of globally inconsistent analyses. The new algorithm empirically exhibits a linear relationship between processing time and the number of analyses unpacked at all degrees of ME feature non-locality; in addition, compared with agenda-driven best-first parsing and exhaustive parsing with post-hoc parse selection it leads to improved parsing speed, coverage, and accuracy.
Representing Logical Inference Steps with Digital Circuits
Authors: Erika Matsak
Venue: Proceedings of the Symposium on Human Interface 2009 on Human Interface and the Management of Information. Information and Interaction. Part II: Held as part of HCI International 2009 (2009)

The use of inference steps in natural language reasoning is observed. An algorithm is presented for representing logically correct inference steps with digital circuits. New foundations for creating decision making systems are studied.
Optimization of the bwmorph Function in the MATLAB Image Processing Toolbox for Binary Skeleton Computation
Authors: Meihua Bao, Siyu Guo, Qiu Tang, Fan Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Natural Computing - Volume 02 (2009)

Skeleton is an important shape property and has a variety of applications. The skeletonization implementation provided in the MATLAB Image Processing Toolbox is often used, but its execution speed is not satisfactory. The implementation is introduced and analyzed in the paper, and performance bottlenecks are pointed out. Optimizations are proposed for all these bottlenecks. As the result of the optimization, a single MATLAB function is realized for skeleton computation. Results of experiments on a test image set show that the optimizations are effective, and the speed performance of the new function is considerably higher than that of the function provided in the MATLAB Image Processing Toolbox.
Web History Tools and Revisitation Support: A Survey of Existing Approaches and Directions
Authors: Matthias Mayer
Venue:  (2009)

Web History Tools and Revisitation Support summarizes existing knowledge about revisitations on the web, and surveys the potential of graphic based web history tools. A taxonomy of revisit-types distinguishes between short-, medium-, and long-term revisits, but also intra- and inter-session revisits. Assisted by a clear nomenclature this provides more clarity to the current discussion. The potential use of graphic based tools is analyzed and discussed with respect to the found categories. The value of the current, mainly non-graphical history tools, such as back button, bookmarks, history list, search engines, and search bars is examined and related to the potential offered by graphic based tools. Web History Tools and Revisitation Support provides summaries of key studies and bodies of research for those who are interested in improving the web users' experience by simplifying the processes of going back to resources visited seconds, minutes, hours, weeks, or even months ago. It is meant for developers and researchers, browser and search engine producers, web usability professionals, and those who feel an irresistible urge to creatively innovate the web. The time has come to design and offer more appropriate history support. This book provides a foundation, as well as valuable ideas for doing so. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Comments on the analysis of unbalanced microarray data
Authors: Kathleen F. Kerr
Venue: Bioinformatics (2009)

Motivation: Permutation testing is very popular for analyzing microarray data to identify differentially expressed (DE) genes; estimating false discovery rates (FDRs) is a very popular way to address the inherent multiple testing problem. However, combining these approaches may be problematic when sample sizes are unequal. Results: With unbalanced data, permutation tests may not be suitable because they do not test the hypothesis of interest. In addition, permutation tests can be biased. Using biased P-values to estimate the FDR can produce unacceptable bias in those estimates. Results also show that the approach of pooling permutation null distributions across genes can produce invalid P-values, since even non-DE genes can have different permutation null distributions. We encourage researchers to use statistics that have been shown to reliably discriminate DE genes, but caution that associated P-values may be either invalid, or a less-effective metric for discriminating DE genes. Contact: katiek@u.washington.edu Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Data Flow Entropy Collector
Authors: Alin Suciu, Kinga Marton, Zoltan Antal
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 10th International Symposium on Symbolic and Numeric Algorithms for Scientific Computing (2008)

Collecting entropy from various sources available within a regular PC and combining them in an entropy pool is often used as an alternative to pseudo random number generation. Cheaper than using a hardware true random number generator (TRNG), this method offers a good approximation of a TRNG, commonly known as an unpredictable random number generator. The source of unpredictability is ultimately the human-computer interaction that, when complex enough, is irreproducible by an adversary. The present paper proposes a novel approach to combining the entropy from various sources in a data flow manner, thus increasing the degree of unpredictability. The result is a highly unpredictable random number generator, of potentially good quality.
MultiSum: query-based multi-document summarisation
Authors: Michael Rosner, Carl Camilleri
Venue: Proceedings of the Workshop on Multi-source Multilingual Information Extraction and Summarization (2008)

This paper describes a generic, open-domain multi-document summarisation system which combines new and existing techniques in a novel way. The system is capable of automatically identifying query-related online documents and compiling a report from the most useful sources, whilst presenting the result in such a way as to make it easy for the researcher to look up the information in its original context.
Predicting Intended Movement Direction Using EEG from Human Posterior Parietal Cortex
Authors: Yijun Wang, Scott Makeig
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Foundations of Augmented Cognition. Neuroergonomics and Operational Neuroscience: Held as Part of HCI International 2009 (2009)

The posterior parietal cortex (PPC) plays an important role in motor planning and execution. Here, we investigated whether noninvasive electroencephalographic (EEG) signals recorded from the human PPC can be used to decode intended movement direction. To this end, we recorded whole-head EEG with a delayed saccade-or-reach task and found direction-related modulation of event-related potentials (ERPs) in the PPC. Using parietal EEG components extracted by independent component analysis (ICA), we obtained an average accuracy of 80.25% on four subjects in binary single-trial EEG classification (left versusright). These results show that in the PPC, neuronal activity associated with different movement directions can be distinguished using EEG recording and might, thus, be used to drive a noninvasive brain-machine interface (BMI).