ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
A volcano erupts: semantically mediated integration of heterogeneous volcanic and atmospheric data
Authors: Peter Fox, Deborah McGuinness, Robert Raskin, Krishna Sinha
Venue: Proceedings of the ACM first workshop on CyberInfrastructure: information management in eScience (2007)

We present a research effort into the application of semantic web methods and technologies to address the challenging problem of integrating heterogeneous volcanic and atmospheric data in support of assessing the atmospheric effects of a volcanic eruption. This exemplary volcano eruption scenario highlights what is true for the vast majority of data intensive Earth system investigations which have limited ability to explore important and difficult problems. This is because they are forced to find and use data representing an event or phemenonon of interest through data collections at the data-element, or syntactic, level rather than at a higher scientific, or semantic, level. Even if relevant data is found in one collection, it may not be easy or possible to find similar, related data in another collection. In many cases, syntax-only interoperability IS the state-of-the-art and at best, there are some instances of hard-wired but simple semantic enhancements (e.g. a special purpose web service wrapper around the data). Scientists and non-scientists are forced to learn details of the data schema, other people's naming schemes and syntax decisions and details of differing web site interfaces. These constraints are limiting even when researchers are looking for information in their own discipline, but they present even greater challenges when researchers are looking for information spanning multiple disciplines, including some in which they are not extensively trained. The volcano eruption scenario exemplifies many of these challenges. In this paper we present research progress on how semantic enablement for scientific data integration is achieved. We present how tologies implemented within existing distributed technology frameworks are providing essential, reuseable, and robust, support necessary for interdisciplinary scientific research activities.
MIMO MRC Systems with and without Multiuser Diversity
Authors: Liang Yang
Venue: Wireless Personal Communications: An International Journal (2007)

In this paper, we consider the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless systems employing maximal ratio combining (MRC) in the absence and presence of multiuser diversity. First, using the well-known moment generating function-based analysis approach, we derive the error performance of the MIMO MRC systems without multiuser diversity over spatially correlated fading channels. Second, we present the average capacity of MIMO MRC systems with multiuser diversity. Numerical results demonstrate the accuracy of our analytical expressions.
Voice services in the evolving telecommunications network
Authors: A. R. Willis, I. P. Bruce, N. T. Condick
Venue: BT Technology Journal (2007)

Telephone services based on stored voice have existed for many years in the guise of the Speaking Clock and other recorded information services. Digital speech storage, computer control and customer signalling, based on automatic speech recognition or multi-frequency keypads, make possible better voice-based information and message services. New voice services equipment that implements some of these facilities has just entered service.
Understanding luxury in the premium automotive industry
Authors: Bernadette Law, Stephen Evans
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 conference on Designing pleasurable products and interfaces (2007)

This paper summarises the findings of investigations to date in understanding what luxury and premiumness mean to the high-end automotive consumer. Existing writings on luxury and premiumness are considered. An exploratory study was carried out in two countries using 309 respondents and 18 prestige cars. A "stream of consciousness" approach was used to capture respondent's views on a selection of vehicles. The codified transcripts were used to identify key differences between the top and bottom rated vehicles, in terms of the nature and quantity of emotional responses elicited. This paper describes some of these key product differences that were self-reported to impact upon a luxury response. Finally, suggestions are made as to the next steps required for this research.
Model Based Layout Pattern Dependent Metal Filling Algorithm for Improved Chip Surface Uniformity in the Copper Process
Authors: Subarna Sinha, Jianfeng Luo, Charles Chiang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference (2007)

Thickness range, i.e. the difference between the highest point and the lowest point of the chip surface, is a key indicator of chip yield. This paper presents a novel metal filling algorithm that seeks to minimize the thickness range of the chip surface during the copper damascene process. The proposed solution considers the physical mechanisms in the damascene process, namely ECP (which is the process used to deposit Cu in the trenches) and CMP (which is the process used to polish Cu after ECP), that affect thickness range. Key predictors for the final thickness range, which is the thickness range after ECP&CMP, that can be computed efficiently are identified and used to drive the metal filling process. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first metal filling algorithm that uses an ECP model among other things to guide metal filling. Experimental results are very promising and indicate that the proposed method can significantly reduce the thickness range after metal filling. This is in sharp contrast with the density-driven approaches which often increase the thickness range after metal filling, thereby potentially adversely impacting yield. In addition, the proposed method inserts significantly smaller amount of fill when compared to the density-driven approaches. This is desirable as it limits the impact of metal filling on timing.
Transformation methodology for UML 2.0 activity diagram into colored Petri nets
Authors: U. Farooq, C. P. Lam, H. Li
Venue: Proceedings of the third conference on IASTED International Conference: Advances in Computer Science and Technology (2007)

Model transformation is a basic insight of OMG's Model Driven Architecture. Activity Diagram (AD) is one of the behavioral diagrams in UML and used for capturing dynamic aspects of the system. In UML2, Activity Diagram has gone through major changes and introduced a Petri Nets like token flow semantic. AD provides comprehensive notations for process modeling and potentially suitable for wide range of application areas like service-oriented applications, workflows and other function oriented applications. A methodology for automatic transformation of UML2-AD into colored Petri Nets is described in this paper. The proposed approach is significant as it provides an automatic and seamless progression from the design artifacts to a formal representation. The rational of AD to CPN transformation based on the fact that the derived formal model can potentially be exploit for formal verification and validation using tools and techniques available for Colored Petri Nets.
The Development of an Experimental Electron-Beam-Addressed Memory Module
Authors: J. Kelly
Venue: Computer (1975)

The various technologies needed to build a successful electron-beam-addressed memory (EBAM) have been evolving for over a decade, and are now sufficiently established to build a viable, economical system. Recent work at SRI indicates that EBAM will be an important contender for low-cost, large memory systems with improved random-access capability, high reliability, and high data rates. This will be achieved in small volume and without the use of moving parts. The potential applications of such a mass memory system are widespread, ranging from direct drum and disk replacement to new systems with architectures that would take advantage of improved random access times and increased data rates. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Manipulating sets in common Lisp
Authors: Christopher R. Eliot
Venue: ACM SIGPLAN Lisp Pointers (1989)

Sets are fundamental theoretical elements and yet Common Lisp does not provide any comprehensive representation for them. Several representations for sets are available, but they have serious problems. This paper defines a small family of primitive operations and uses them to evaluate existing Common Lisp set representations. This analysis characterizes how well sets are supported and suggests how the current situation could be improved.
DISCOURSIUM for cooperative examination of information in the context of the pragmatic web
Authors: Fahri Yetim
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Pragmatic web (2007)

This paper argues that examination of information in the context of the Pragmatic Web needs to be conducted in a discursive and structured manner. It focuses on examination dialogues and proposes a novel approach to supporting these dialogues in DISCOURSIUM, a tool and methodology for discursive practice based on the meta-communication architecture [29]. To achieve its objective, this paper firstly describes the characteristics of examination dialogues and justifies the relevance of the metacommunication concepts for critically examining information. It secondly illustrates how they can be modeled in the context of the discourse-support system Compendium in order to provide users with templates for examination dialogues. After discussing the limitations of such a modeling, the paper then presents the rationale and methodology of the DISCOURSIUM. It particularly illustrates how DISCOURSIUM can build on the strengths and potential of some current argument mapping technologies, and how the argument maps created can further be critically examined. Finally, this paper concludes that the objective and characteristics of DISCOURSIUM focusing on the pragmatic aspects of information and examination dialogues intersect with the concepts of the Pragmatic Web.
Kinetic User Interfaces for Flexible Mobile Collaboration
Authors: Vincenzo Pallotta, Pascal Bruegger, Timothee Maret, Nicolas Martenet, Beat Hirsbrunner
Venue: Proceedings of the The 2007 International Conference on Next Generation Mobile Applications, Services and Technologies (2007)

In this paper we address the problem of collaborative workflow in mobile environments. Specifically, we present a solution for opportunistic task assignment to mobile users based on location, context and motion awareness. As an example of this approach, we present an application based on the new Kinetic User Interface framework where users participate to dynamic workflow through their displacement in designated active zones.
Modelling flexible manufacturing systems using weighted Fuzzy Coloured Petri Nets
Authors: Daniel S. Yeung, Simon C. K. Shiu, Eric C. C. Tsang
Venue: Journal of Intelligent Fuzzy Systems: Applications in Engineering and Technology (1999)

In this paper, a contribution was made in developing a Fuzzy Coloured Petri Nets (FCPNs) model for description and analysis of the dynamic behaviour and inexact production inference of Flexible Manufacturing Systems. The basic idea is to integrate the concepts of Coloured Petri Nets and Fuzzy Petri Nets, where the former is good at modelling complicated concurrent processes with embedded data structures, while the latter is good at modelling systems that involve approximate reasoning and uncertainty knowledge inference. Furthermore, a method of assigning a weight parameter to each proposition in the antecedent of a fuzzy production rule is developed which can be used to model the relative degree of importance of each proposition in the antecedent contributing to the consequent. A new weighted fuzzy production rule evaluation method is also devised. Our approach can be used to model and analyze Fuzzy Expert Systems that are used in controlling or supervising flexible manufacturing processes. Throughout this paper, a printed circuit board production system is used to demonstrate the model's capability in simulating the system behaviour with weighted fuzzy control rules.
Gesture-based interaction for a magic crystal ball
Authors: Li-Wei Chan, Yi-Fan Chuang, Meng-Chieh Yu, Yi-Liu Chao, Ming-Sui Lee, Yi-Ping Hung, Jane Hsu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology (2007)

Crystal balls are generally considered as media to perform divination or fortune-telling. These imaginations are mainly from some fantasy films and fiction, in which an augur can see into the past, the present, or the future through a crystal ball. With the distinct impressions, crystal ball has revealed itself as a perfect interface for the users to access and to manipulate visual media in an intuitive, imaginative and playful manner. We developed an interactive visual display system named Magic Crystal Ball (MaC Ball). MaC Ball is a spherical display system, which allows the users to see a virtual object/scene appearing inside a transparent sphere, and to manipulate the displayed content with barehanded interactions. Interacting with MaC Ball makes the users feeling acting with magic power. With MaC Ball, user can manipulate the display with touch and hover interactions. For instance, the user waves hands above the ball, causing clouds blowing from bottom of the ball, or slides fingers on the ball to rotate the displayed object. In addition, the user can press single finger to select an object or to issue a button. MaC Ball takes advantages on the impressions of crystal balls, allowing the users acting with visual media following their imaginations. For applications, MaC Ball has high potential to be used for advertising and demonstration in museums, product launches, and other venues.
ASAP: a MAC protocol for dense and time-constrained RFID systems
Authors: Girish Khandelwal, Kyounghwan Lee, Aylin Yener, Semih Serbetli
Venue: EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking (2007)

We introduce a novel medium access control (MAC) protocol for radio frequency identification (RFID) systems which exploits the statistical information collected at the reader. The protocol, termed adaptive slotted ALOHA protocol (ASAP), is motivated by the need to significantly improve the total read time performance of the currently suggested MAC protocols for RFID systems. In order to accomplish this task, ASAP estimates the dynamic tag population and adapts the frame size in the subsequent round via a simple policy that maximizes an appropriately defined efficiency function. We demonstrate that ASAP provides significant improvement in total read time performance over the current RFID MAC protocols. We next extend the design to accomplish reliable performance of ASAP in realistic scenarios such as the existence of constraints on frame size, and mobile RFID systems where tags move at constant velocity in the reader's field. We also consider the case where tags may fail to respond because of a physical breakdown or a temporary malfunction, and show the robustness in those scenarios as well.
A stepwise approach to developing languages for SIP telephony service creation
Authors: Nicolas Palix, Charles Consel, Laurent Réveillère, Julia Lawall
Venue: Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Principles, systems and applications of IP telecommunications (2007)

Developing a SIP-based telephony service requires a programmer to have expertise in telephony rules and constraints, the SIP protocol, distributed systems, and a SIP API, which is often large and complex. These requirements make the development of telephony software an overwhelming challenge. To overcome this challenge, various programming languages have been proposed to develop telephony services. Nevertheless, none of these languages as yet has a formal semantics. Therefore, the reference implementation, which may not be available, becomes the only source of information for the programmer to understand the subtleties of the language. Furthermore, this situation makes it difficult for third-party developers to port the language to another runtime system or to provide another implementation of the runtime system. This paper presents a semantics-based stepwise approach for designing and developing a scripting language dedicated to the development of telephony services. This approach enables critical properties of services to be guaranteed and captures expertise on the operational behavior of a service. We have applied this approach to developing the Session Processing Language (SPL) [3] dedicated to SIP-based service creation. A variety of services have been written in SPL for our university department.
Generation of Pseudorandom Noise Having a Gaussian Spectral Density
Authors: S. B. Matthews
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (1968)

Abstract A method is described for modifying pseudorandom noise generators to obtain normally distributedor Gaussian spectral densities. This is achieved by using digital filtering techniques of weighted summation of digits stored in the shift register.
Kiasan/KUnit: Automatic Test Case Generation and Analysis Feedback for Open Object-oriented Systems
Authors: Xianghua Deng, Robby, John Hatcliff
Venue: Proceedings of the Testing: Academic and Industrial Conference Practice and Research Techniques - MUTATION (2007)

We demonstrate how a static analysis feedback and unit test case generation framework, KUnit, built on the Bogor/ Kiasan symbolic execution engine provides an effective unit test case generation for sequential heap-intensive Java programs (whose computation structures are incomplete - open systems). KUnit leverages method contract information to better deal with open object-oriented systems and to support automatic mock object creation. To facilitate application to realistic software, KUnit allows the scope/cost of the analysis and test case generation to be controlled via notions of heap configuration coverage. In a broad experimental study on 23 Java data structure modules, we show that it is able to: (a) achieve 100% feasible branch coverage on almost all methods by using only small heap configurations, (b) improve on competing tools for coverage achieved, size of test suites, and time to generate test suites.
Quantifying Temporal and Spatial Correlation of Failure Events for Proactive Management
Authors: Song Fu, Cheng-Zhong Xu
Venue: Proceedings of the 26th IEEE International Symposium on Reliable Distributed Systems (2007)

Networked computing systems continue to grow in scale and in the complexity of their components and interactions. Component failures become norms instead of exceptions in these environments. Moreover, failure events exhibit strong correlations in time and space domain. In this paper, we develop a spherical covariance model with an adjustable timescale parameter to quantify the temporal correlation and a stochastic model to characterize spatial correlation. The models are further extended to take into account the information of application allocation to discover more correlations among failure instances. We cluster failure events based on their correlations and predict their future occurrences. Experimental results on a production coalition system, the Wayne State Grid, show the offline and online predictions by our predicting system can forecast 72.7% to 85.3% of the failure occurrences and capture failure correlations in cluster coalition environment.
Fault Location in a Semiconductor Random-Access Memory Unit
Authors: V. P. Srini
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (1978)

A semiconductor random-accessor memory (RAM) unit is a connection of RAM chips, data cable, chip select cable, and address cable so that each storage element can be selected for writing or reading independent of previous writes or reads. The faulty RAM unit is represented by a model consisting of four types of faults: stuck-at-0 or 1 fault on data cable, chip select cable, address cable, and storage elements in RAM chips, and a type of adjacent pattern interference fault in RAM chips. The testing of a RAM unit and locating faults to the RAM chips or wires in the various cables, when the RAM unit is part of a computer system, is considered. A set of six tests has been designed to diagnose the faults in the model. The sequence in which these tests have to be performed is determined. By using this sequence faulty components in a RAM unit are located when at most one type of fault in the model is present.
Supporting the creation of dynamic, interactive virtual environments
Authors: Kristopher J. Blom, Steffi Beckhaus
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology (2007)

Virtual Reality's expanding adoption makes the creation of more interesting dynamic, interactive environments necessary in order to meet the expectations of users accustomed to modern computer games. In this paper, we present initial explorations of using the recently developed Functional Reactive Programming paradigm to support the creation of such environments. The Functional Reactive Programming paradigm supports these actions by providing tools that match both the user's perception of the dynamics of the world and the underlying hybrid nature of such environments. Continuous functions with explicit time dependencies describe the dynamic behaviors of the environment and discrete event mechanisms provide for modifying the active behaviors of the environment. Initial examples show how this paradigm can be used to control dynamic, interactive Virtual Environments.
IrisNet: an architecture for internet-scale sensing services
Authors: Suman Nath, Amol Deshpande, Yan Ke, Phillip B. Gibbons, Brad Karp, Srinivasan Seshan
Venue: Proceedings of the 29th international conference on Very large data bases - Volume 29 (2003)

We demonstrate the design and an early prototype of IrisNet (Internet-scale Resource-Intensive Sensor Network services), a common, scalable networked infrastructure for deploying wide area sensing services. IrisNet is a potentially global network of smart sensing nodes, with webcams or other monitoring devices, and organizing nodes that provide the means to query recent and historical sensor-based data. IrisNet exploits the fact that high-volume sensor feeds are typically attached to devices with significant computing power and storage, and running a standard operating system. It uses aggressive filtering, smart query routing, and semantic caching to dramatically reduce network bandwidth utilization and improve query response times, as we demonstrate. Our demo will present two services built on Iris-Net, from two very different application domains. The first one, a parking space finder, utilizes webcams that monitor parking spaces to answer queries such as the availability of parking spaces near a user's destination. The second one, a distributed infrastructure monitor, uses measurement tools installed in individual nodes of a large distributed infrastructure to answer queries such as average network bandwidth usage of a set of nodes.