ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Polynomial real root isolation by differentiation
Authors: George E. Collins, Rüdiger Loos
Venue: Proceedings of the third ACM symposium on Symbolic and algebraic computation (1976)

A new algorithm is described, for the isolation of the real roots of a real polynomial. This algorithm utilizes the sequence of derivatives of the given polynomial, relying on Rolle's theorem and a tangent construction to decide whether an interval contains two roots or none. The algorithm is carefully compared, both analytically and empirically, with an algorithm based on Sturm's theorem, and is found to be significantly faster in general. It also requires less memory, and produces isolating intervals for the derivatives as a cost-free by-product.
The ARPA network terminal system a new approach to network access
Authors: W. J. Bouknight, G. R. Grossman, D. M. Grothe
Venue: Proceedings of the third ACM symposium on Data communications and Data networks: Analysis and design (1973)

A new approach to providing economical and sophisticated access to the ARPA network. Built around the DEC PDP-11 family, the ARPA Network Terminal System (ANTS) provides its users with access to over 50 computer systems at more than 40 sites located all over the United States. The paper discusses the general design and philosophy of ANTS and its potential uses in various tele-communications situations.
Architecture to an interactive migration system (AIMS)
Authors: Barron C. Housel, Vincent Y. Lum, Nan Shu
Venue: Proceedings of the 1974 ACM SIGFIDET (now SIGMOD) workshop on Data description, access and control (1974)

Growth in the computer industry produces a need to convert data and/or programs from one system to another from time to time. While this process has been going on for years, the techniques used to execute this task have been ad hoc and expensive. Very few aids exist on the market today to help this process. Examination into the conversion scenario reveals that the structure of a system to aid conversion should have the following features: (1) ability to extract pertinent information from high level source application programs and source systems environment. (2) interactive facility where users and the conversion aid system can work together to make the decisions. (3) ability to carry out the translation process automatically after directions are given from a high level language. This paper describes the architecture of such a system and gives the motivations which lead to such conclusions.
Selection and evaluation of computer personnel- the research history of SIG/CPR
Authors: David B. Mayer, Ashford W. Stalnaker
Venue: Proceedings of the 1968 23rd ACM national conference (1968)

Almost concurrent with commercial development of the computer was psychological research and a proliferation of psychological instruments which attempt to identify the aptitudes which lead to success in selecting and training the human side of computation. Most of the early research was concerned with small groups of programming trainees in courses conducted by manufacturers or large users, and from these studies there emerged a small number of either intelligence tests or aptitude tests which gained widespread usage and acceptance as selection devices. The most widely used tests were IBM's Programmer Aptitude Test (PAT), the Wonderlic Personnel Test, and the test of Primary Mental Abilities (PMA).
A &ldquo;metasimulator&rdquo; for microcoded processors
Authors: J. Eldridge
Venue: ACM SIGMICRO Newsletter (1984)

In a computer design project where software and hardware development proceed in parallel, it is essential that some form of simulation is available early so that the software can be breadboarded before the hardware is stable. The simulator must be readily modifiable to accommodate evolving hardware design. For a project at AT T Bell Laboratories involving several processors of different designs, a program was constructed that generates a simulator from a description of the hardware block diagram. This paper describes the design of that program.
Simulation of dedicated fleet operations in the railroad industry
Authors: Richard J. Assarabowski, Joseph M. Sussman
Venue: Proceedings of the 76 Bicentennial conference on Winter simulation (1976)

A practice of increasing importance in the railroad industry is that of dedicating freight cars for the use of a particular shipper. Such cars are said to be in assigned service. Theoretically, assigned fleets should lead to less efficient car utilization because of one-way loaded moves and empty return over the same route. In simplest terms, if the fleet is oversized, cars will always be available for loading and unloading which amounts to &ldquo;optimal&rdquo; service. However, utilization of the fleet will be poor since cars will spend a great deal of time waiting to be loaded or unloaded. Thus, costs will escalate. Also, as will be seen, there are strategies available to the railroad(s) providing the service and to the shipper for improving utilization and service for a fleet of a given size. Of course, these strategies can also be used to reduce the fleet size required to provide a given level of service. These strategies are discussed in Section II. A simple simulation model of assigned fleet operation has been described and applied to both a hypothetical set of conditions and a &ldquo;real-world&rdquo; situation. The model was useful in studying the trade-offs in the design of a particular assigned fleet. A comparative study of the various available options was carried out and the impact of these options on both the railroad(s) involved and the shipper are now better understood. The hoped for next step is the implementation of these strategies in actual operation practice.
Hierarchical modeling in GASP
Authors: Lawrence L. Rose
Venue: Proceedings of the 14th annual symposium on Simulation (1981)

This paper describes the design methodology and resultant implementation of a large-scale computer systems simulation model. A hierarchical approach is determined appropriate for the system design specification. The model implementation is highlighted, demonstrating that hierarchical, reentrant processes can be effectively modeled in the GASP simulation language.
An interactive APL simulation of hospital critical-care units
Authors: Donald Segal
Venue: ACM SIGAPL APL Quote Quad (1979)

This paper presents an actual case study of the design and implementation of a sizing methodology for Critical-Care nursing units. The results from the unit sizing, which employed a simulation technique programmed in APL, provided the basis for the renovation of the Critical-Care area. The model is an interactive, discrete-event, digital simulator of the Critical-Care unit of a general short-stay hospital. The design is based on the concept that the policies which govern patient admissions, bed-use flexibility, and patient transfers will affect both achievable occupancy and the number of forced transfers that will result.
Procedures for generating gamma variates with non-integer parameter sets
Authors: Don T. Phillips, Charles Beightler
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th conference on Winter simulation (1971)

One of the most useful distributions in stochastic modeling is the two parameter gamma distribution. This paper presents a technique for generating random gamma variates from any two parameter gamma form with either integer or non-integer parameters. Only two techniques are presently available for generating gamma variates with a non-integer shape parameter, those being a variate averaging technique proposed by Naylor, et al. and a rejection scheme proposed by Johnk. The three generation schemes are compared with respect to (1) statistical goodness of fit, (2) computer running time and (3) random number calls. The author's scheme is shown to be statistically comparable with respect to goodness of fit, and generally superior relevant to computer running times and random number calls.
EMMY/360: An emulation of System/360 for the Stanford EMMY
Authors: Walter A. Wallach,  Jr.
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th annual workshop on Microprogramming (1978)

The Stanford EMMY is a vertically organized, dynamically microprogrammed flexible host machine configured as part of the Stanford Emulation Laboratory. EMMY/360 is an emulation of System/360 central processor architecture microcoded for the Stanford EMMY. This paper presents the characteristics and organization of EMMY/360. Performance of both the emulator and the host machine on a typical S/360 instruction mix is summarized.
Experimental implementations of mixed integer programming algorithms
Authors: M. D. Grigoriadis, L. Papayanopoulos, K. Spielberg
Venue: Proceedings of the 1971 26th annual conference (1971)

The Mixed Integer Programming Interface Subroutine System (MIPIS)* consists of a set of programs written to facilitate the implementation of most known MIP algorithms in a common system environment. This experimental system [3] makes no claim to overall (running time) efficiency since it utilizes the experimental, Fortran based linear programming (LP) code NYLPS (New York Scientific Center Linear programming System [7])* known to be less efficient than other commercially available LP codes (e.g. MPS/360, etc.) written in Assembly Language. NYLPS is an OS/360 extension of LPS/360 [8] which operates under DOS/360. The study and associated development of MIPIS was directed toward examining the manner in which MIP algorithms would be implemented, in a flexible environment, rather than toward implementing another MIP production code. It is hoped that this experiment will motivate designers to provide additional flexibility for building and extending the scope of future mathematical programming systems.
Core standard graphic package for the VGI 3400
Authors: Ken Levine
Venue: ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics (1978)

Implementing the 1977 Core System standard proposal of ACM/Siggraph for a state-of-the-art microprogrammable refresh display system presents a number of design tradeoffs. Thus, there are areas of contention between a strict interpretation of the standards and the advanced capabilities of the display that led the user to purchase such a system in the first place. These methodological differences lead to a &ldquo;loosely defined&rdquo; Core system, which adheres to the spirit of the standards without sacrificing display performance.
Going outside or why buy a programmer when you can rent one for less?
Authors: Albert L. Lederer
Venue: Proceedings of the eighteenth annual computer personnel research conference (1981)

Large organizations also use contract programmers. In fact, some companies have preferred to reduce greatly or to eliminate altogether their own development staffs. While some of the reasons for using contract programmers are apparent, the entire justification warrants close examination. The purpose of this paper is to elucidate this justification and to offer a few suggestions to companies about to go outside for the first time.
Automating The Office (Panel Discussion): user experiences
Authors: John Gilbert
Venue: Proceedings of the 1978 annual conference (1978)

This session will describe the experiences of users in implementing the automated office within their companies. The discussions will include descriptions of the approaches taken, the tools implemented, the benefits derived, the problems encountered, and the recommendations for others who soon anticipate introducing the automated office environment in their companies. This session will be followed by a second session describing further user experiences.
A VLSI FSM design system
Authors: M. J. Meyer, P. Agrawal, R. G. Pfister
Venue: Proceedings of the 21st Design Automation Conference (1984)

This paper describes a fully automated finite-state machine (FSM) synthesis system. The FSM is realized as a PLA. This synthesizer accepts a high-level description of the FSM and generates a mask level layout. Several simulation models are produced at different levels of abstraction; these models can be integrated with other modules on the chip to aid in the debugging of the overall VLSI chip design. Valuable information on speed, area, and testability of the PLA can be obtained through a collection of audit programs. This system has been used to design complex controllers for many VLSI chips at AT T Bell Laboratories. Although a PLA implementation is assumed, the system can be extended to synthesize a random logic implementation of the FSM.
Design of concurrently testable microprogrammed control units
Authors: Masood Namjoo
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th annual workshop on Microprogramming (1982)

Four schemes for the design of concurrently testable microprogrammed control units are presented. In Schemes 1 and 2 the concept of path signatures is used for detection of malfunctions in the control unit. Two different methods for computation of signatures are given. In Schemes 3 and 4, a check-symbol is assigned to each microinstruction and the integrity of these check-symbols is checked concurrently. A deterministic approach is used for generation of check-symbols in Scheme 4. A comparative study of these schemes is done with respect to storage and time overhead, error coverage, and implementation complexity.
Introduction to simulation languages
Authors: Robert G. Sargent
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th conference on Winter simulation - Volume 1 (1978)

The purpose of this paper is to give a brief introduction to simulation languages. The paper contains a discussion on the hierarchy of computer languages and their relation to simulation, the advantages and disadvantages of using simulation languages, factors to consider when selecting a language, and some of the characteristics of the three most popular discrete simulation languages. A more thorough treatment of simulation languages and their use are contained in [2], [4], and [10]. A significant portion of the effort in any simulation study is in programming the model to run on a digital computer. This programming occurs after the model has been defined. The selection of the language should, in general, be done prior to developing the model to be programmed because (i) there must be a comptibility between how the system is modeled and the computer language used and (ii) some simulation languages aid in the modelling process. The language selected is usually a general purpose language (higher level language) or a simulation language.
A Correlation Echo Sounder Processor used to provide reliable bottom depth data for profiling
Authors: J. Russell Hogan
Venue: Proceedings of the 1978 annual conference - Volume 2 (1978)

The Correlation Echo Sounder Processor (CESP) is a comparison type echo sounder which utilizes replica-correlation signal processing to provide reliable bottom and near bottom depth data for profiling. It is designed to operate with most oceanographic recorders, transceivers and power amplifiers. Conventional depth sounders usually utilize a short duration pulse of a single frequency to obtain maximum depth resolution. The short pulse system requires a tremendous amount of energy to be transmitted in to the deep ocean to obtain a significant SNR in which the equipment can operate effectively.
The effect of System Response Time on interactive computer aided problem solving
Authors: T. Goodman, R. Spence
Venue: ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics (1978)

The effects of System Response Time, SRT, on interactive graphical problem solving were investigated for fixed SRT's of 0.16, 0.72 and 1.49 seconds. The object was to demonstrate the importance or otherwise of even small SRT values for interactive graphical problem solving of a type which often occurs in Computer Aided Design. A SRT of 1.49 sec was found to degrade performance by about 50%, measured by problem solution time, compared with that found for 0.16 and 0.72 seconds.
Fast object recognition in noisy images using simulated annealing
Authors: M. Betke, N. C. Makris
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Computer Vision (1995)

A fast simulated annealing algorithm is developed for automatic object recognition. The object recognition problem is addressed as the problem of best describing a match between a hypothesized object and an image. The normalized correlation coefficient is used as a measure of the match. Templates are generated on-line during the search by transforming model images. Simulated annealing reduces the search time by orders of magnitude with respect to an exhaustive search. The algorithm is applied to the problem of how landmarks, e.g., traffic signs, can be recognized by a navigating robot. We illustrate the performance of our algorithm with real-world images of complicated scenes with traffic signs. False positive matches occur only for templates with very small information content. To avoid false positive matches, we propose a method to select model images for robust object recognition by measuring the information content of the model images. The algorithm works well in noisy images for model images with high information content.
Opportunities For Computer Scientists And Engineers In The Federal Government (Presentation Abstract): A perspective
Authors: Helen M. Wood
Venue: Proceedings of the 1978 annual conference (1978)

The Federal Government has been involved in computers since their beginnings. Accordingly, it has long been a significant source of job opportunities in the computer sciences. In addition, the Government has taken a stance in favor of both equal employment opportunity and affirmative action, and backed this position with laws and Executive orders. The panelist will discuss the current status of Federally employed women and minorities in the sciences. Opportunities, career tracks, problems and prospects will be addressed based on her experiences as a career computer scientist with a major Federal laboratory and an active member of that facility's formal EEO structure. Recent statistics and surveys will be cited in an effort to assess the current situation and identify future trends.
An efficient method of fault simulation for digital circuits modeled from boolean gates and memories
Authors: Donald M. Schuler, Roger K. Cleghorn
Venue: Proceedings of the 14th Design Automation Conference (1977)

The ability to predict the behavior of digital circuits containing faults is required for the verification and automatic generation of fault detection tests, and for the creation of fault dictionaries. The most common method of prediction is with a fault simulation program. Fault simulators simulate the fault-free (good) circuit and each of the possible faulty circuits. In most cases, the faulty circuit is assumed to contain only a single fault modeled as either a component input or output stuck-at-0 (SA0) or stuck-at-1 (SA1). Even so, a typical circuit may imply hundreds to thousands of possible faulty circuits. Reducing the cost of simulating large numbers of faulty circuits is the first major consideration in fault simulation.
Graphic simulation with GPSS
Authors: M. E. Stephenson
Venue: Proceedings of the second conference on Applications of simulations (1968)

Boeing has developed a graphics simulation system which provides the capability of displaying simulation models and their output on an IBM 2250 display unit. The system is based on BMT (Boeing Modeling Technique), which is an expanded version of GPSS II for use with the IBM 360 Operating System (OS). Existing GPSS II models may be executed under BMT since it has GPSS II as a subset.
Automata theoretic techniques for modal logics of programs: (Extended abstract)
Authors: Moshe Y. Vardi, Pierre Wolper
Venue: Proceedings of the sixteenth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing (1984)

We present a new technique for obtaining decision procedures for modal logics of programs. The technique centers around a new class of finite automata on infinite trees for which the emptiness problem can be solved in polynomial time. The decision procedures then consist of constructing an automaton Af for a given formula f, such that Af accepts some tree if and only if f is satisfiable. We illustrate our technique by giving an exponential decision procedure for deterministic propositional dynamic logic and a variant of the &mgr-calculus of Kozen.
PROSIM V a production system simulator
Authors: Joe H. Mize
Venue: Proceedings of the third conference on Applications of simulation (1969)

A production system simulator, called PROSIM V, is described that is capable of simulating a variety of realistic production environments. Its primary uses are: (1) as a teaching aid in both graduate and undergraduate production control courses, (2) as a research vehicle for evaluating theoretical concepts and procedures, and (3) as a training aid for persons engaged in industrial production control operations.
Application of clustering to estimate missing data and improve data integrity
Authors: R. C. T. Lee, J. R. Slagle, C. T. Mong
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Software engineering (1976)

Two problems in the use of computerized data base systems are: (1) How can we estimate the values for missing data? (2) How can we improve data integrity, that is, reduce the number of errors in the data? The tool that we introduce to attack these problems is clustering analysis. Experimental results indicate that our method is feasible. Our algorithm detected an error in the book &ldquo;Weyer's Warships of the World 1969.&rdquo; Each of the approximately 2000 warships listed in the book has 18 variables associated with it. It would be difficult for a person to find errors in the book. Our methods do not require any a priori knowledge about the data, for example, about warships.
Correcting misconceptions: What to say when the user is mistaken
Authors: Kathleen F. McCoy
Venue: Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems (1983)

Because people's knowledge is often partial and/or faulty, it is inevitable that misconceptions will be revealed in the course of a conversation. If recognized, the other person may say something to correct the misconception, and the conversation continues. Just as this is the case when people interact with each other, so must it be when users interact with a computer system. For example, in interacting with an expert system, a user may reveal misconceptions about objects modelled by the system. By failing to correct such misconceptions, the system may not only confirm the original misconception, but may cause the user to develop further misconceptions. It must therefore be up to the system to recognize and respond to misconceptions in an effective way. In this paper the space of possible object misconceptions is characterized according to the kind of incorrect information involved. It has been found that this characterization is often useful in determining how the user arrived at the misconception, and therefore the kind of information to include in the response. Using such a characterization, a system will be able to effectively correct object misconceptions in a domain independent way. Factors which affect the amount of information included in a correction (such as discourse and situational context) are also examined.
An interactive graphical debugging system
Authors: Larry J. French
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th Design Automation Workshop (1970)

An interactive graphical system has been effectively applied to the debugging of interactive graphical programs. The debugging system has been in operation for one year, has significantly reduced debugging time, has resulted in the development of better programs, and has aided in the teaching of programming. This paper concentrates on the interactive graphical techniques that were used to solve some major debugging problems.