ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Visual Analytics: Scope and Challenges
Authors: Daniel A. Keim, Florian Mansmann, Jörn Schneidewind, Jim Thomas, Hartmut Ziegler
Venue: Visual Data Mining: Theory, Techniques and Tools for Visual Analytics (2008)

In today's applications data is produced at unprecedented rates. While the capacity to collect and store new data rapidly grows, the ability to analyze these data volumes increases at much lower rates. This gap leads to new challenges in the analysis process, since analysts, decision makers, engineers, or emergency response teams depend on information hidden in the data. The emerging field of visual analytics focuses on handling these massive, heterogenous, and dynamic volumes of information by integrating human judgement by means of visual representations and interaction techniques in the analysis process. Furthermore, it is the combination of related research areas including visualization, data mining, and statistics that turns visual analytics into a promising field of research. This paper aims at providing an overview of visual analytics, its scope and concepts, addresses the most important research challenges and presents use cases from a wide variety of application scenarios.
Participatory Workshop as a Creativity Support System
Authors: Kosuke Numa, Kiyoko Toriumi, Katsuaki Tanaka, Mina Akaishi, Koichi Hori
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems, Part II (2008)

To support people's creativity, an information system is not the only way. The total design of the environment, the place and the tool for creation is required. In this research, we focus on participatory workshops, which are widely accepted for learning and creation. We propose a workshop as a creativity support system. The core elements of the workshop are participants, facilitator, information system, tasks, and place. Based on the model of expression liquidization and crystallization, we design the activities in a workshop. Collaborations in a workshop help to widen participants' views, and shared tasks and the place drives them to create new expressions. As a field trial of the proposed workshop, we designed and practiced photo-attached acrostic workshop. In this paper, we describe the designs of the new expression format called photo-attached acrostics, the workshop program, and the information system for supporting activities.
Collaborative product structure management for assembly modeling
Authors: V. K. Janardanan, M. Adithan, P. Radhakrishnan
Venue: Computers in Industry (2008)

The paper aims at presenting a Web-based product structure manager that enables designers to hold virtual meetings via Internet and that allows collaborative viewing, modification of product structure and annotation of the 3D model. This Web-based product structure manager provides a shared platform for the designers. Two concerns of designers of large systems are addressed in this application. First, heterogeneous application systems are used by designers and second, designers are geographically dispersed. In this context, STEP standard was found superior for data exchange among diverse CAD systems and the product structure manager has been developed as a ''Web-based'' application to achieve collaboration among designers. A case study has been carried out with this developed architecture for assembly modeling of a launch vehicle system called launcher hold and release system and its outcome is discussed in detail in this paper.
New-fangled fingerprint engendered key for a secured Voip
Authors: P. Arul, A. Shanmugam
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th WSEAS International Conference on Electronics, Hardware, Wireless and Optical Communications (2008)

In the recent internet technology, the transmission of voice communications over IP networks, commonly known as Voice-over- IP (VoIP) telephony, is rapidly gaining wide acceptance. With private phone conversations being conducted on insecure public networks, security of VoIP communications is increasingly important. VoIP has a very different architecture than traditional circuit based telephony, and these differences result in significant security issues. Encryption is one of the essential security technologies for computer data, and it will go a long way toward securing VOIP. In this paper we proposed a Biometric-Crypto system which generates a cryptographic key from the fingerprints for Encrypting and decrypting the voice data packets for VoIP Security [4].
Evolving Vision Controllers with a Two-Phase Genetic Programming System Using Imitation
Authors: Renaud Barate, Antoine Manzanera
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Simulation of Adaptive Behavior: From Animals to Animats (2008)

We present a system that automatically selects and parameterizes a vision based obstacle avoidance method adapted to a given visual context. This system uses genetic programming and a robotic simulation to evaluate the candidate algorithms. As the number of evaluations is restricted, we introduce a novel method using imitation to guide the evolution toward promising solutions. We show that for this problem, our two-phase evolution process performs better than other techniques.
A Study into the Improvement of Binary Hopfield Networks for Map Coloring
Authors: Gloria Galán-Marín, Enrique Mérida-Casermeiro, Domingo López-Rodríguez, Juan M. Ortiz-De-Lazcano-Lobato
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Adaptive and Natural Computing Algorithms, Part II (2007)

The map-coloring problem is a well known combinatorial optimization problem which frequently appears in mathematics, graph theory and artificial intelligence. This paper presents a study into the performance of some binary Hopfield networks with discrete dynamics for this classic problem. A number of instances have been simulated to demonstrate that only the proposed binary model provides optimal solutions. In addition, for large-scale maps an algorithm is presented to improve the local minima of the network by solving gradually growing submaps of the considered map. Simulation results for several n-region 4-color maps showed that the proposed neural algorithm converged to a correct colouring from at least 90% of initial states without the fine-tuning of parameters required in another Hopfield models.
Synthesis of a Hybrid Five-Bar Mechanism with Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Ke Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th international symposium on Neural Networks: Advances in Neural Networks (2008)

Hybrid mechanism is a new type of mechanism with flexible transmission behavior. Hybrid five-bar mechanism is the most representative one of them. In this paper, modeling and analysis for a hybrid five-bar mechanism based on power bond graph theory is introduced. An optimal dimensional synthesis of hybrid mechanism is performed with reference to dynamics objective function. Compared with conventional optimum evaluation methods such as simplex search and Powell method, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm can improve the efficiency of searching in the whole field by gradually shrinking the area of optimization variable. Compared to GA, PSO is easy to implement and there are few parameters to adjust. In order to solve the synthesis problem, integrating PSO optimization algorithm and MATLAB Optimization Toolbox for the constraint equations. Optimum link dimensions are obtained assuming there are no dimensional tolerances or clearances. Finally, a numerical example is carried out, and the simulation results show that the optimization method is feasible and satisfactory for hybrid mechanism.
Quo Vadis, CS? --- On the (non)-Impact of Conceptual Structures on the Semantic Web
Authors: Sebastian Rudolph, Markus Krötzsch, Pascal Hitzler
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Conceptual Structures: Knowledge Architectures for Smart Applications (2007)

Conceptual Structures is a field of research which shares abstract concepts and interests with recent work on knowledge representation for the Semantic Web. However, while the latter is an area of research and development which is rapidly expanding in recent years, the former fails to participate in these developments on a large scale. In this paper, we attempt to stimulate the Conceptual Structures community to catch the Semantic Web train.
Optical Rails
Authors: Holger Friedrich, David Dederscheck, Eduard Rosert, Rudolf Mester
Venue: Proceedings of the 30th DAGM symposium on Pattern Recognition (2008)

We present a view-based method for steering a robot in a network of positions; this includes navigation along a prerecorded path, but also allows for arbitrary movement of the robot between adjacent positions in the network. The approach uses an upward-looking omnidirectional camera; even a very modest quality of the optical system is sufficient, since all views are represented in terms of low-order basis functions (spherical harmonics). Motor control signals for the robot are derived from a differential matching approach; the computation of the involved gradient information is extremely simplified by exploiting the fact that all images are represented in terms of basis functions. The viability of the approach for steering the robot has been shown in extensive simulations using photorealistic views; the validity of these simulations in comparison to a tangible system implementation operating in a real indoor scene has been shown in previous investigations [5].
The design, construction, and performance of a large-scale general-purpose digital computer
Authors: B. W. Pollard
Venue: Papers and discussions presented at the Dec. 10-12, 1951, joint AIEE-IRE computer conference: Review of electronic digital computers (1951)

The PRINCIPLES OF operation of the computer to be discussed in this paper have been described in the paper by Dr. T. Kilburn. The basic techniques required for the design and construction of a satisfactory computer were developed by Professor F. C. Williams and his group at the University of Manchester, and the Computer Section of Ferranti Ltd. have therefore made use of these proven techniques in their engineering approach to the problem of constructing a reliable computer. This paper describes the engineering techniques used and evaluates the performance of the computer to date, with a brief reference to the types of problems being handled on the computer. The first computer of the type described (Figure 1) now has been installed at the University of Manchester, and the construction and testing of further similar machines is proceeding. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
The Smartest Space of All: A Global Space of (Machine-Understandable) Knowledge
Authors: Reto Krummenacher
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th international conference, NEW2AN and 1st Russian Conference on Smart Spaces, ruSMART on Next Generation Teletraffic and Wired/Wireless Advanced Networking (2008)

Internet computing is entering a new era, and the traditional human targeted World Wide Web slowly but surely moves towards a Web of billions of services, where the Web resources become entities in a global service-oriented architecture. In such a world of services, it is the service that counts for a customer and not the software or hardware components that implement the application. Current service-oriented architectures are still very much restricted in their application context to corporate solutions, while a Web with billions of heterogeneous and distributed service and content providers and consumers has requirements that call for specialized solutions.With our work on Triple Space Computing we aim at solutions to the Service Web challenges by integrating technology from tuplespace computing (blackboards), the Semantic Web and Web services. This unique synergy of technology is researched in the EC STREP TripCom and is seen as the fundamental layer for the coordination and communication of services in future Internet systems. Triple Space facilitates the reusability and integration of heterogenous knowledge, the lightweight orchestration of services, and thus enables large scale collaborative solutions in a scalable, robust and easily maintainable way.
Path unaware layered routing protocol (PULRP) with non-uniform node distribution for underwater sensor networks
Authors: Sarath Gopi, G. Kannan, Deepthi Chander, U. B. Desai, S. N. Merchant
Venue: Wireless Communications Mobile Computing (2008)

We propose path unaware layered routing protocol (PULRP) for 2D underwater sensor networks (UWSNs) with mobile nodes. The steady-state distribution of mobile nodes in UWSNs is nonuniform in general. Hence, we use a mobility model-dependent node distribution. The proposed PULRP algorithm consists of two phases. In the first phase (layering phase), a layering structure is presented which is a set of concentric circles, around a sink node. The radii of the concentric circles are chosen based on equal distribution of nodes in every layer. A distributed power control mechanism is also introduced. The power level of nodes in a particular layer is chosen such that communication occurs only with nodes in the next layer. In PULRP, we consider multihop communication from source to sink. Therefore, in the second phase (communication phase), we propose a method to choose the intermediate relay nodes and an on the fly routing algorithm for packet delivery from source node to sink node across the chosen relay nodes. The proposed algorithm, PULRP finds the routing path on the fly and hence, it does not require any fixed routing table, localization, or time synchronization processes. We demonstrate the performance of PULRP using random waypoint (RWP) mobility model in a simulated underwater environment. Our findings show that the proposed algorithm has considerably better throughput (successful packet delivery rate) compared to the underwater diffusion (UWD) algorithm for various node densities as well as node velocities. In addition, the delay performance of PULRP is also better than that of UWD. Copyright &copy; 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. A preliminary version of this work has been accepted for publication at the IEEE International Conference on Communications, ICC-2008, Beijing [1].
A Spatially Variant White-Patch and Gray-World Method for Color Image Enhancement Driven by Local Contrast
Authors: Edoardo Provenzi, Carlo Gatta, Massimo Fierro, Alessandro Rizzi
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (2008)

Starting from the revolutionary Retinex by Land and McCann, several further perceptually inspired color correction models have been developed with different aims, e.g. reproduction of color sensation, robust features recognition, enhancement of color images. Such models have a differential, spatially-variant and non-linear nature and they can coarsely be distinguished between white-patch (WP) and gray-world (GW) algorithms. In this paper we show that the combination of a pure WP algorithm (RSR: Random Spray Retinex) and an essentially GW one (ACE) leads to a more robust and better performing model (RACE). The choice of RSR and ACE follows from the recent identification of a unified spatially-variant approach for both algorithms. Mathematically, the originally distinct non-linear and differential mechanisms of RSR and ACE have been fused using the spray technique and local average operations. The investigation of RACE allowed us to put in evidence a common drawback of differential models: corruption of uniform image areas. To overcome this intrinsic defect, we devised a local and global contrast-based and image-driven regulation mechanism that has a general applicability to perceptually inspired color correction algorithms. Tests, comparisons and discussions are presented.
A Geometric Active Contours Model for Multiple Objects Segmentation
Authors: Ning He, Peng Zhang, Ke Lu
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Intelligent Computing: Advanced Intelligent Computing Theories and Applications - with Aspects of Theoretical and Methodological Issues (2008)

The technique of geometric active contours has become quite popular for a variety of applications, particularly image segmentation and classification problems. In traditional active contour models, snake initialization is performed manually by users, and topological changes, such as splitting of the snake, can not be automatically handled. In this paper, we present an automatic geometric active contours model which can extract multiple objects in an image without any manual assistance and completely eliminates the need of costly re-initialization procedure. The proposed framework is inspired by the geodesic active contour model and leads to a paradigm that is relatively free from the initial curve position. According to the proposed flow, the traditional boundary attraction term is replaced with a new force that guides the propagation to the object boundaries from both sides. This new geometric active contour model is implemented using a level set approach, thereby allowing dealing naturally with topological changes.
Effects of inventory policy on supply chain performance: A simulation study of critical decision parameters
Authors: R. S. M. Lau, Jinxing Xie, Xiande Zhao
Venue: Computers and Industrial Engineering (2008)

This paper investigates the effects of information sharing and early order commitment on the performance of four inventory policies used by retailers in a supply chain of one capacitated supplier and four retailers. Model parameters and operating conditions are emulated from a local business supplying a standard product to its retailers. Through computer simulation and subsequent analyses, we found that the inventory policy used by the retailers, information sharing, and early order commitment can significantly influence the performance of the supply chain. Out of the four inventory policies examined, the economic order quantity rule is found to be the best for the retailers and the entire supply chain, but periodic order quantity and Silver-Meal provide the best performance for the supplier. The sharing of future order plans by the retailer and the supplier is also shown to be the most effective way for reducing the supplier's cost and improving its service level; however, the magnitude of these benefits achieved is less for the retailers. In addition, early order commitment by the retailers is found to be beneficial to the supplier and retailers in reducing their total cost.
Differential Betweenness in Complex Networks Clustering
Authors: Alberto Ochoa, Leticia Arco
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th Iberoamerican congress on Pattern Recognition: Progress in Pattern Recognition, Image Analysis and Applications (2008)

We propose a novel metric for measuring the degree of edge centrality in complex networks clustering, a task commonly called community detection in the analysis of social, biological and information networks. The metric, which has been called differential betweenness, has some unexpected and interesting properties that might help us to create better clustering algorithms. We compare our measure with the shortest path edge betweenness of Girvan and Newman and found that it can be more accurate and robust without requiring the costly recalculation step the other measure needs.
Evolvable Neuro-fuzzy System for Artificial Creativity in Linguistics
Authors: Keith Douglas Stuart, Maciej Majewski
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Intelligent Computing: Advanced Intelligent Computing Theories and Applications - with Aspects of Artificial Intelligence (2008)

The paper describes an application of evolvable fuzzy neural networks for artificial creativity in linguistics, which consists of the intelligent mechanisms of affix and root morpheme creativity and analysis. The task of the creation of an English vocabulary was resolved with neural networks which have an evolvable architecture with learning capabilities as well as a fuzzy connectionist structure. The paper features a form of artificial creativity which creates words on its own using genetic algorithms, fuzzy logic methods, and multiple layer neural networks. A review of selected issues is carried out with regards to linguistic creativity as well as spontaneous language production. The paper also presents experimental results of affix and root morpheme recognition in the context of word meaning analysis.
Specification and Verification of Institutions Through Status Functions
Authors: Francesco Viganò, Marco Colombetti
Venue: Coordination, Organizations, Institutions, and Norms in Agent Systems II: AAMAS 2006 and ECAI 2006 International Workshops, COIN 2006 Hakodate, Japan, May 9, 2006 Riva del Garda, Italy, August 28, 2006. Revised Selected Papers (2007)

Institutions have been proposed as a means to regulate open interaction systems by introducing a set of norms (involving deontic positions like authorizations, obligations, prohibitions, and permissions) and to define the ontology of the context in which agents interact. To better clarify the interdependence existing among deontic positions and the ontology defined by each institution, in this paper we propose to model institutions in terms of status functions imposed on agents and defined as aggregates of deontic positions. We present a metamodel which describes the concepts necessary to specify an institution and FIEVeL, a language that can be used to formalize institutions. Finally, we discuss how to automatically translate FIEVeL specifications into the input language of the SPIN model checker and the kind of properties that it is possible to check.
Analysing the Key Factors of Web Design: A Heuristic Evaluation
Authors: Carlos Flavián, Raquel Gurrea, Carlos Orús
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th international conference on E-Commerce and Web Technologies (2008)

Due to the rapid growth of the electronic commerce and consequently the increase of the competence, a special interest among the specialized literature is arising focusing on the critical factors which could lead to the e-commerce success. In this sense, the web design has been revealed as a critical aspect in order to achieve positive outcomes of the users. Consequently, this research is focused on analyzing the importance of web design for the success of a virtual store. A heuristic evaluation has been developed in order to identify the good and bad design practices of three well-known websites. This method is particularly useful for our study, since the opinions from multidisciplinary experts give us a more complete understanding about what is the most important for the design of the websites. The results of the test, together with a review of the specialized literature, allowed us to offer some managerial implications and recommendations for designers in order to carry out a successful virtual store.