ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Agents for e-business applications
Authors: A. Negri, A. Poggi, M. Tomaiuolo, P. Turci
Venue: Proceedings of the fifth international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems (2006)

Web services are increasingly utilized by organizations that want to improve responsiveness and efficiency. While they may be used in an isolated way, the need of integrating them as part of workflow processes is more and more felt. However the creation of applications composed of dynamically selected basic services entails facing two essential issues: how to efficiently discover Web services and how to allow and facilitate their composition.In this paper, we propose an agent-based framework representing an attempt of giving an answer to such problems. Its peculiar characteristic and strength is the integration of the agent technology with other key emerging technologies, that is semantic Web, Web service, rule engine and workflow technologies. The multiagent system, which constitutes the backbone of the framework, represents the "glue" that holds these pieces together and makes them perform properly. The framework has been experimented and evaluated in the realization of a simple, but realistic, prototype of an e-travelling system. The results, though still preliminary, are quite encouraging.
Automatic Method for the TC transmission path in COMS SGCS
Authors: Tae-Hee Kim, Jeom-Hun Lee, Jae-Hoon Kim
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 International Conference on Hybrid Information Technology - Volume 01 (2006)

In this paper, we propose a automatic method of setting up the telecommand(TC) transmission path for stable and seamless TC transmission in COMS(Communication Ocean Meteorological Satellite) satellite ground control system(SGCS). The proposed a automatic method uses the Command Operation Procedure (COP) algorithm recommended by the Consultative Committee for Space Data System (CCSDS) for guaranteeing a order of TC frame between the ground control system and the satellite and also uses the IF switch to automatically change to a normal TC path by the C&M when a TC path currently transmitted a TC to the satellite is failed. The proposed automatic method is able to more efficiently transmit a TC to the satellite in TC path error than the previous ones.
How Position, Velocity, and Temporal Information Combine in the Prospective Control of Catching: Data and Model
Authors: Joost C. Dessing, C. Peper, Daniel Bullock, Peter J. Beek
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2005)

The cerebral cortex contains circuitry for continuously computing properties of the environment and one's body, as well as relations among those properties. The success of complex perceptuomotor performances requires integrated, simultaneous use of such relational information. Ball catching is a good example as it involves reaching and grasping of visually pursued objects that move relative to the catcher. Although integrated neural control of catching has received sparse attention in the neuroscience literature, behavioral observations have led to the identification of ontrol principles that may be embodied in the involved neural circuits. Here, we report a catching experiment that refines those principles via a novel manipulation. Visual field motion was used to perturb velocity information about balls traveling on various trajectories relative to a seated catcher, with various initial hand positions. The experiment produced evidence for a continuous, prospective catching strategy, in which hand movements are planned based on gaze-centered ball velocity and ball position information. Such a strategy was implemented in a new neural model, which suggests how position, velocity, and temporal information streams combine to shape catching movements. The model accurately reproduces the main and interaction effects found in the behavioral experiment and provides an interpretation of recently observed target motion-related activity in the motor cortex during interceptive reaching by monkeys. It functionally interprets a broad range of neurobiological and behavioral data, and thus contributes to a unified theory of the neural control of reaching to stationary and moving targets.
The effect of multiple-perspective thinking on problem solving
Authors: Yan Wang, Enis Dogan, Xiaodong Lin
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Learning sciences (2006)

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between people's multiple-perspective (MP) thinking ability and their problem solving performance (defining problems and generating solutions). The reasons why people seek other perspectives were also investigated. The results showed that the number of perspectives used in defining problems was significantly correlated with the number of solutions generated later. Subjects with higher MP thinking scores were able to define problems from more perspectives and generate more solutions. Native English speakers wanted to hear other perspectives more because they wanted to confirm their thinking, while non-native English speakers wanted other perspectives more because they wanted to understand the scenarios better. The main implication is that there may be a culture difference in people's MP thinking ability and perception of multiple perspectives, and it might be possible to train people on their MP thinking to improve their problem solving performance.
fMRI Studies of Stroop Tasks Reveal Unique Roles of Anterior and Posterior Brain Systems in Attentional Selection
Authors: Marie T. Banich, Michael P. Milham, Ruthann Atchley, Neal J. Cohen, Andrew Webb, Tracey Wszalek, Arthur F. Kramer, Zhei-Pei Liang, Alexander Wright, Joel Shenker, Richard Magin
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2000)

The brain's attentional system identifies and selects information that is task-relevant while ignoring information that is task-irrelevant. In two experiments using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we examined the effects of varying task-relevant information compared to task-irrelevant information. In the first experiment, we compared patterns of activation as attentional demands were increased for two Stroop tasks that differed in the task-relevant information, but not the task-irrelevant information: a color&ndash;word task and a spatial&ndash;word task. Distinct subdivisions of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the precuneus became activated for each task, indicating differential sensitivity of these regions to task-relevant information (e.g., spatial information vs. color). In the second experiment, we compared patterns of activation with increased attentional demands for two Stroop tasks that differed in task-irrelevant information, but not task-relevant information: a color&ndash;word task and color&ndash;object task. Little differentiation in activation for dorsolateral prefrontal and precuneus regions was observed, indicating a relative insensitivity of these regions to task-irrelevant information. However, we observed a differentiation in the pattern of activity for posterior regions. There were unique areas of activation in parietal regions for the color&ndash;word task and in occipitotemporal regions for the color&ndash;object task. No increase in activation was observed in regions responsible for processing the perceptual attribute of color. The results of this second experiment indicate that attentional selection in tasks such as the Stroop task, which contain multiple potential sources of relevant information (e.g., the word vs. its ink color), acts more by modulating the processing of task-irrelevant information than by modulating processing of task-relevant information.
Agent dependability as an architectural issue
Authors: Peter C. Lockemann, Jens Nimis
Venue: Proceedings of the fifth international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems (2006)

The paper demonstrates how a layered reference architecture for software agents provides a framework for a dependability model that allows to associate the sources of failures and the ensuing error handling with a specific layer, thus integrating dependability directly into the design of agents.
Models for Patch Based Image Restoration
Authors: Mithun Das Gupta, Shyamsundar Rajaram, Nemanja Petrovic, Thomas S. Huang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshop (2006)

In this paper we present a supervised learning approach for object-category specific restoration, recognition and segmentation of images which are blurred using an unknown kernel. The feature of this work is a multi layer graphical model which unifies the low level vision task of restoration, and the high level vision task of recognition in a cooperative framework. Proposed graphical model is an interconnected two layer Markov Random Field. The restoration layer accounts for the compatibility between sharp and blurred patches, and models the association between adjacent patches in the sharp image. The recognition layer encodes the patch location and class. The potentials are represented using non-parametric kernel densities and are learnt from the training data. Inference is performed using nonparametric belief propagation. We propose a similar model for super-resolution from multiple frames, and suggest the use of ordinal regression for sub-pixel shift estimation to address the registration issues. Experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed models for the restoration and recognition of blurred license plate and face images.
A Framework for Learning Predictive Structures from Multiple Tasks and Unlabeled Data
Authors: Rie Kubota Ando, Tong Zhang
Venue: The Journal of Machine Learning Research (2005)

One of the most important issues in machine learning is whether one can improve the performance of a supervised learning algorithm by including unlabeled data. Methods that use both labeled and unlabeled data are generally referred to as semi-supervised learning. Although a number of such methods are proposed, at the current stage, we still don't have a complete understanding of their effectiveness. This paper investigates a closely related problem, which leads to a novel approach to semi-supervised learning. Specifically we consider learning predictive structures on hypothesis spaces (that is, what kind of classifiers have good predictive power) from multiple learning tasks. We present a general framework in which the structural learning problem can be formulated and analyzed theoretically, and relate it to learning with unlabeled data. Under this framework, algorithms for structural learning will be proposed, and computational issues will be investigated. Experiments will be given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms in the semi-supervised learning setting.
Topographic and Temporal Indices of Vowel Spectral Envelope Extraction in the Human Auditory Cortex
Authors: Eugen Diesch, Thomas Luce
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2000)

The auditory-evoked neuromagnetic field elicited by single vowel formants and two-formant vowels was recorded under active listening conditions using a 37-channel magnetometer. There were three single formants with formant frequencies of 200, 400, and 800 Hz, another single formant with a formant frequency of 2600 Hz, and three vowels that were constructed by linear superimposition of the high- onto one of the low-frequency formants. P50m and N100m latency values were inversely correlated with the formant frequency of single formants. A strong effect of formant frequency on source location was obtained along the postero-anterior axis, which is orthogonal to the well-established latero-medial tonotopic gradient. Regardless of whether single formants or first formants of vowels were considered, N100m sources were more anterior and sustained field sources were more posterior for higher-frequency than for lower-frequency formants. The velocity of the apparent posterior-to-anterior movement across cortical surface of N100m sources first reported by Rogers et al. [Rogers, R. L., Papanicolaou, A. C., Baumann, S. B., Saydjari, C., & Eisenberg, H. M. (1990). Neuromagnetic evidence of a dynamic excitation pattern generating the N100 auditory response. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology,77, 237-240] decreased as a function of latency. The amount of deceleration was positively correlated with formant frequency. Responses to the vowels were superadditive, indicating that the processes elicited by the constituents of composite stimuli interact at one or more stages of the afferent auditory pathway. Such interaction may account for the absence of a lateral-to-medial tonotopic mapping of first formant frequency. The source topography found may reflect activity in auditory fields adjacent to AI with the strength of the contribution varying with formant frequency. Alternatively, it may reflect sharpness-of-tuning and inhibitory response-area asymmetry gradients along isofrequency stripes within AI. Either alternative may be interpreted in terms of a spectral blurring mechanism that abstracts spectral envelope information from the details of spectral composition, an important step towards the formation of invariant phonetic percepts.
A New Convexity Measure Based on a Probabilistic Interpretation of Images
Authors: Esa Rahtu, Mikko Salo, Janne Heikkila
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (2006)

In this paper, we present a novel convexity measure for object shape analysis. The proposed method is based on the idea of generating pairs of points from a set and measuring the probability that a point dividing the corresponding line segments belongs to the same set. The measure is directly applicable to image functions representing shapes and also to gray-scale images which approximate image binarizations. The approach introduced gives rise to a variety of convexity measures which make it possible to obtain more information about the object shape. The proposed measure turns out to be easy to implement using the Fast Fourier Transform and we will consider this in detail. Finally, we illustrate the behavior of our measure in different situations and compare it to other similar ones.
On Detecting Camouflaging Worm
Authors: Wei Yu, Xun Wang, Prasad Calyam, Dong Xuan, Wei Zhao
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Computer Security Applications Conference (2006)

Active worms pose major security threats to the Internet. In this paper, we investigate a new class of active worms, i.e., Camouflaging Worm (C-Worm in short). The C-Worm has the capability to intelligently manipulate its scan traffic volume over time, thereby camouflaging its propagation from existing worm detection systems. We analyze characteristics of the C-Worm and conduct a comprehensive comparison between its traffic and non-worm traffic. We observe that these two types of traffic are barely distinguishable in the time domain, however, their distinction is clear in the frequency domain, due to the recurring manipulative nature of the C-Worm. Motivated by our observations, we design a novel spectrum-based scheme to detect the C-Worm. Our scheme uses the Power Spectral Density (PSD) distribution of the scan traffic volume and its corresponding Spectral Flatness Measure (SFM) to distinguish the C-Worm traffic from non-worm traffic. We conduct extensive performance evaluations on our proposed detection scheme against the C-Worm. The performance data clearly demonstrates that our proposed scheme can effectively detect the C-Worm propagation.
Imagine That, Inc.: extend 7
Authors: David Krahl
Venue: Proceedings of the 37th conference on Winter simulation (2005)

See the present and the future of simulation in two sessions on the Extend simulation application. This session introduces Extend 7 with its revolutionary new simulation technology and new 3D animation. Session one (10:30am-11:15am) showcases the core Extend 6 application and includes hierarchical model building, user interface creation and interactive modeling.
A near optimal approach to quality of service data replication scheduling
Authors: Kevin Adams, Denis Gračanin, Dušan Teodorović
Venue: Proceedings of the 36th conference on Winter simulation (2004)

This paper describes an approach to real-time decision-making for quality of service based scheduling of distributed asynchronous data replication. The proposed approach addresses uncertainty and variability in the quantity of data to replicate over low bandwidth fixed communication links. A dynamic stochastic knapsack is used to model the acceptance policy with dynamic programming optimization employed to perform offline optimization. The obtained optimal values of the input variables are used to build and train a multi-layer neural network. The obtained neural network weights and configuration can be used to perform near optimal accept/reject decisions in real-time. Off-line processing is used to establish the initial acceptance policy and to verify that the system continues to perform near-optimally. The proposed approach is implemented via simulation enabling the evaluation of a variety of scenarios and refinement of the scheduling portion of the model. The preliminary results are very promising.
Multi-stream video transport over DiffServ wireless LANS
Authors: Hong Man, Yang Li
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 International Conference on Multimedia and Expo - Volume 1 (2003)

This paper presents a new transport scheme for embedded video streams over wireless local area networks. It introduces a differentiated service (DiffServ) solution for video streaming over mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). It employs the concept of single-application multiple stream (SAMS) that can effectively take the advantages of both DiffServ network and multi-layer or progressive source coding techniques. The approach is to preferentially improve the transport quality of important data substreams under the of a fixed network throughput. The 3D-SPIHT subband video coder is used in generating embedded source data streams. This video coder features high compression efficiency. It produces fully embedded bitstreams, which can be easily segmented into multiple data streams with different QoS characteristics. In wireless network, a class based queuing (CBQ) mechanism is implemented to provide DiffServ for these different data streams. The integrated source coding and networking system prioritizes the layers for lower resolutions, so that they will experience less delay or packet loss in case of congestion or link breakage. Simulations have been conducted on the network simulator (ns-2), and significant improvements over traditional wireless LAN transport schemes have been observed.
E-Pass Using DRM in Symbian v8 OS and TrustZone: Securing Vital Data on Mobile Devices
Authors: Wan Huzaini Wan Hussin, Reuben Edwards, Paul Coulton
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Mobile Business (2006)

The mobile phone industry has established a large customer base market, providing a wide range of mobile applications from voice and data services to digital media such as digital music, video and mobile gaming. As content becomes more widely available in digital form, it becomes easier to share, distribute, manipulate and copy if it is not properly controlled and encrypted. This development has triggered the concern over the issue of Digital Right Management (DRM) that appears to be overlooked until recently. DRM is becoming increasingly important because it focuses on the protection of copyrighted data circulated via digital media. The awareness has motivated mobile phone manufacturers to invest and concentrate more on developing solutions to best protect the content of digital media on mobile devices which would benefit everyone involved in the market. Therefore, this paper will address the issue of protecting the content of digital media in Symbian OS mobile phones. It will analyse the features of Symbian DRM and TrustZone technology. Then, it suggests how the adoption of these technologies can be used in a theme park entrance using a secured E-Pass stored on Symbian v8 OS mobile devices
Visual Registration of Industrial Metallic Object from Local Contour Descriptors
Authors: Steve Bourgeois, Sylvie Naudet-Collette, Michel Dhome
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualisation (2006)

This article introduces an innovative visual registration process suitable for textureless objects. Because our framework is industrial, the process is designed for metallic, complex free-form objects containing multiple bores. This technique is based on a new contour descriptor, invariant under affine transformation, which characterizes the neighborhood of a closed contour. The affine invariance is exploited in the learning stage to produce a lightweight model. Moreover, during the learning stage, this descriptor is combined to a 2D/3D pattern, concept likewise presented in this article. Once associated, the 2D/3D information wealth of this descriptor allows a pose estimation from a single match. This ability is exploited in the registration process to drastically reduce the complexity of the algorithm and increase efficiently its robustness to the difficult problem of repetitive patterns. Evaluations on a cylinder head, a car door and a binding beam confirm both the robustness and the precision of the process.
Design of Location Service for a Hybrid Network of Mobile Actors and Static Sensors
Authors: Zhigang Chen, Min-gyu Cho, Kang G. Shin
Venue: Proceedings of the 27th IEEE International Real-Time Systems Symposium (2006)

Locariori services are essential to many applications running on a hybrid of wirelessly-networked mobile actors and static sensors, such us surveillance systems and the Pursuer and Evader Game (PEG). To our best knowledge, there has been no previous location service protocol for wireless sensor networks. A number of location service protocols have been proposed for mobile ad hoc networks, but they are not applicable to sensor networks due to the usually large per-hop latency between sensors. This paper presents a distributed location service protocol (DLSP) for wireless sensor networks. Using a rigorous analysis of DLSP, we derive the condition for achieving a high packet-delivery ratio, and show how to configure the protocol parameters to ensure the scalability of DLSP.We find that DLSP is scalable if the mobile's speed is below a certain fraction of the packet-transmission speed, which depends on a movement threshold. For example, if the movement threshold for the location servers at the lowest level equals the radio range, the speed limit is one-tenth of the packet-transmission speed. The mobile's theoretical speed limit is one-fifth of the pocket-transmission speed, beyond which DLSP cannot scale regardless of the movement threshold. Because of the high location-update overhead of DLSP, we propose an optimization, DLSP-SN, which can reduce the overhead by over 70%, while achieving high packet-delivery ratios. However, due to the griding effect, the packet's path length of DLSP-SN may be longer than that of DLSP, incurring higher data-delivery cost.