ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Estimation of recording location using audio watermarking
Authors: Yuta Nakashima, Ryuki Tachibana, Masafumi Nishimura, Noboru Babaguchi
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th workshop on Multimedia and security (2006)

In this paper, we propose a novel application of audio watermarking, estimation of recording location. The purpose of the paper is to determine the seat location in a theater at which a bootleg recording was made by using a digital video camera. In the proposed application, we embed different watermarks in the channels of the multi-channel sound of the movie. The multi-channel sound enters the air from multiple loudspeakers in a theater. If a monaural recording of the sound is made, the location of recording in the theater can be determined by detecting the multiple watermarks without any access to the host signals. The main idea is to use the time offsets of the watermark signals in the recorded signal. In simulation experiments, the recording locations can be determined within 1 m in almost all of the test cases. Although an experiment in a real environment resulted in more errors due to noise, these results successfully showed the potential applicability for practical use.
Nonlinear system identification using a Hammerstein model and a cumulant-based Steiglitz-McBride algorithm
Authors: J. M. M. Anderson
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing,1994. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 04 (1994)

In this paper, we address the problem of estimating the parameters of a Hammerstein model. Hammerstein models, which consist of a nonlinear memoryless gain followed by a linear time-invariant system, have been used to identify nonlinear systems. We assume that the gain is in polynomial form, and that the system is an ARMA filter. The input and output are available, and the output is assumed to be corrupted by additive Gaussian noise of unknown covariance. Transforming the problem into the cumulant domain, we suppress the effect of the noise and estimate the model parameters using a linear, iterative method. Simulations are presented to illustrate the performance of the proposed method. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Fuzzy Parameters Self-Tuning PID Control of Switched Reluctance Motor Based on Simulink/NCD
Authors: Shoujun Song, Weiguo Liu
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Inteligence for Modelling Control and Automation and International Conference on Intelligent Agents Web Technologies and International Commerce (2006)

In this paper, the quasi-linear model of switched reluctance motor brought forward by Miller is analyzed in detail. On the basis of it, the small-signal dynamic model of switched reluctance motor is built based on matlab/simulink environment. PID control is applied commonly in the fields of industrial automation, but its robustness is very weak. In this paper, the parameters of PID controller is optimized firstly by NCD toolbox, on the basis of it, a fuzzy parameters self-tuning PID control method is introduced, it can tune the PID parameters dynamically. The simulation results indicate that this control method not only can improve the dynamic and static performances of the system, but also has better robustness.
An ontology of trust: formal semantics and transitivity
Authors: Jingwei Huang, Mark S. Fox
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Electronic commerce: The new e-commerce: innovations for conquering current barriers, obstacles and limitations to conducting successful business on the internet (2006)

This paper formalizes the semantics of trust and studies the transitivity of trust. On the Web, people and software agents have to interact with "strangers". This makes trust a crucial factor on the Web. Basically trust is established in interaction between two entities and any one entity only has a finite number of direct trust relationships. However, activities on the Web require entities to interact with other unfamiliar or unknown entities. As a promising remedy to this problem, social networks-based trust, in which A trusts B, B trusts C, so A indirectly trusts C, is receiving considerable attention. A necessary condition for trust propagation in social networks is that trust needs to be transitive. However, is trust transitive? What types of trust are transitive and why? There are no theories and models found so far to answer these questions in a formal manner. Most models either directly assume trust transitive or do not give a formal discussion of why trust is transitive. To fill this gap, this paper constructs a logical theory of trust in the form of ontology that gives formal and explicit specification for the semantics of trust. Based on this formal semantics, two types of trust -- trust in belief and trust in performance are identified, the transitivity of trust in belief is formally proved, and the conditions for trust propagation are derived. These results give theoretical evidence to support making trust judgment using social networks on the Web.
Gesture Recognition using Hidden Markov Models from Fragmented Observations
Authors: Ruiduo Yang, Sudeep Sarkar
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Volume 1 (2006)

We consider the problem of computing the likelihood of a gesture from regular, unaided video sequences, without relying on perfect segmentation of the scene. Instead of requiring that low-and mid-level processes produce near-perfect segmentation of relevant body parts such as hands, we take into account that such processes can only produce uncertain information. The hands can only be detected as fragmented regions along with clutter. To address this problem, we propose an extension of the HMM formalism, which we call the frag-HMM, to allow for reasoning based on fragmented observations, via the use of an intermediate grouping process. In this formulation, we do not match the frag- HMMto one observation sequence, but rather to a sequence of observation sets, where each observation set is a collection of groups of fragmented observations. Based on the developed model, we show how to perform three kinds of computations. The first one is to decide on the best observation group for each frame, given a sequence of observation groups for the past frames. This allows us to incrementally compute the best segmentation of the hand for each frame, given the model. The second one involves the computation of likelihood of a sequence, averaged over all possible states sequences and possible groupings. The third is the computation of the likelihood of a sequence, maximized over all possible state sequences and group sequences. This can give us the best possible groupings for each frame, as well. We demonstrate our ideas using a publicly available hand gesture dataset that spans different subjects, is against complex background, and involves hand occlusions. The recognition performance is within 2% of that obtained with manually segmented hands and about 10% better than that obtained with segmentations that use the prior knowledge of the hand color.
Sustainable and Autonomic Space Exploration Missions
Authors: Roy Sterritt, Mike Hinchey, Christopher Rouff, James Rash, Walt Truszkowski
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE International Conference on Space Mission Challenges for Information Technology (2006)

Visions for future space exploration have long term science missions in sight, resulting in the need for sustainable missions. Survivability is a critical property of sustainable systems and may be addressed through autonomicity, an emerging paradigm for selfmanagement of future computer-based systems based on inspiration from the human autonomic nervous system. This paper examines some of the ongoing research efforts to realize these survivable systems visions, with specific emphasis on developments in Autonomic Policies.
Hybrid discrete event simulation with model predictive control for semiconductor supply-chain manufacturing
Authors: Hessam S. Sarjoughian, Dongping Huang, Gary W. Godding, Karl G. Kempf, Wenlin Wang, Daniel E. Rivera, Hans D. Mittelmann
Venue: Proceedings of the 37th conference on Winter simulation (2005)

Simulation modeling combined with decision control can offer important benefits for analysis, design, and operation of semiconductor supply-chain network systems. Detailed simulation of physical processes provides information for its controller to account for (expected) stochasticity present in the manufacturing processes. In turn, the controller can provide (near) optimal decisions for the operation of the processes and thus handle uncertainty in customer demands. In this paper, we describe an environment that synthesizes Discrete-EVent System specification (DEVS) with Model Predictive Control (MPC) paradigms using a Knowledge Interchange Broker (KIB). This environment uses the KIB to compose discrete event simulation and model predictive control models. This approach to composability affords flexibility for studying semiconductor supply-chain manufacturing at varying levels of detail. We describe a hybrid DEVS/MPC environments via a knowledge interchange broker. We conclude with a comparison of this work with another that employs the Simulink/MATLAB environment.
Minimizing I/O Costs of Multi-Dimensional Queries with Bitmap Indices
Authors: Doron Rotem, Kurt Stockinger, Kesheng Wu
Venue: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management (2006)

Bitmap indices have been widely used in scientific applications and commercial systems for processing complex, multi-dimensional queries where traditional tree-based indices would not work efficiently. A common approach for reducing the size of a bitmap index for high cardinality attributes is to group ranges of values of an attribute into bins and then build a bitmap for each bin rather than a bitmap for each value of the attribute. Binning reduces storage costs, however, results of queries based on bins often require additional filtering for discarding false positives, i.e., records in the result that do not satisfy the query constraints. This additional filtering, also known as candidate checking, requires access to the base data on disk and involves significant I/O costs. This paper studies strategies for minimizing the I/O costs for candidate checking for multi-dimensional queries. This is done by determining the number of bins allocated for each dimension and then placing bin boundaries in optimal locations. Our algorithms use knowledge of data distribution and query workload. We derive several analytical results concerning optimal bin allocation for a probabilistic query model. Our experimental evaluation with real life data shows an average I/O cost improvement of at least a factor of 10 for multi-dimensional queries on datasets from two different applications. Our experiments also indicate that the speedup increases with the number of query dimensions.
Neuroimaging Studies of Word and Pseudoword Reading: Consistencies, Inconsistencies, and Limitations
Authors: Andrea Mechelli, Maria Luisa Gorno-tempini, Cathy J. Price
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2003)

Several functional neuroimaging studies have compared words and pseudowords to test different cognitive models of reading. There are difficulties with this approach, however, because cognitive models do not make clear-cut predictions at the neural level. Therefore, results can only be interpreted on the basis of prior knowledge of cognitive anatomy. Furthermore, studies comparing words and pseudowords have produced inconsistent results. The inconsistencies could reflect false-positive results due to the low statistical thresholds applied or confounds from nonlexical aspects of the stimuli. Alternatively, they may reflect true effects that are inconsistent across subjects; dependent on experimental parameters such as stimulus rate or duration; or not replicated across studies because of insufficient statistical power. In this fMRI study, we investigate consistent and inconsistent differences between word and pseudoword reading in 20 subjects, and distinguish between effects associated with increases and decreases in activity relative to fixation. In addition, the interaction of word type with stimulus duration is explored. We find that words and pseudowords activate the same set of regions relative to fixation, and within this system, there is greater activation for pseudowords than words in the left frontal operculum, left posterior inferior temporal gyrus, and the right cerebellum. The only effects of words relative to pseudowords consistent over subjects are due to decreases in activity for pseudowords relative to fixation; and there are no significant interactions between word type and stimulus duration. Finally, we observe inconsistent but highly significant effects of word type at the individual subject level. These results (i) illustrate that pseudowords place increased demands on areas that have previously been linked to lexical retrieval, and (ii) highlight the importance of including one or more baselines to qualify word type effects. Furthermore, (iii) they suggest that inconsistencies observed in the previous literature may result from effects arising from a small number of subjects only.
Common and Segregated Neuronal Networks for Different Languages Revealed Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Adaptation
Authors: Michael W. L. Chee, Chun Siong Soon, Hwee Ling Lee
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2003)

The effect of word repetition within and across languages was studied in English&ndash;Chinese bilinguals who read rapidly presented word pairs in a block design and an event-related fMRI study. Relatively less increase in MR signal was observed when the second word in a pair was identical in meaning to the first. This occurred in the English-only and mixed-languages conditions. Repetition-induced reductions in BOLD signal change were found in the left lateral prefrontal and lateral temporal regions in both types of conditions in the block experiment, suggesting that processing in these regions is sensitive to semantic features present in words and characters, and that part of the semantic neuronal networks serving English and Chinese is shared. In addition, these regions showed greater absolute signal change in the mixed-languages trials relative to the English-only trials. These findings were mostly replicated in an event-related experiment. Together, the experiments suggest that while the networks for Chinese and English word processing have shared components, there are also components that may be language specific.
Specification and Verification of Dynamics in Cognitive Agent Models
Authors: Tibor Bosse, Catholijn M. Jonker, Lourens van der Meij, Alexei Sharpanskykh, Jan Treur
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE/WIC/ACM international conference on Intelligent Agent Technology (2006)

Within many domains, among which biological and cognitive areas, multiple interacting processes occur among agents with dynamics that are hard to handle. Current approaches to analyse the dynamics of such processes, often based on differential equations, are not always successful. As an alternative to differential equations, this paper presents the predicate logical Temporal Trace Language (TTL) for the formal specification and analysis of dynamic properties. This language supports the specification of both qualitative and quantitative aspects, and therefore subsumes specification languages based on differential equations. A software environment has been developed for TTL, that supports editing TTL properties and enables the formal verification of properties against a set of traces. The TTL environment proved its value in a number of projects within different domains.
Keeping Score in the IT Compliance Game
Authors: Tracy Ragan
Venue: Queue (2006)

Achieving developer acceptance of standardized procedures for managing applications from development to release is one of the largest hurdles facing organizations today. Establishing a standardized development-to-release workflow, often referred to as the ALM (application lifecycle management) process, is particularly critical for organizations in their efforts to meet tough IT compliance mandates. This is much easier said than done, as different development teams have created their own unique procedures that are undocumented, unclear, and nontraceable.
Analysis of a campus-wide wireless network
Authors: David Kotz, Kobby Essien
Venue: Wireless Networks (2005)

Understanding usage patterns in wireless local-area networks (WLANs) is critical for those who develop, deploy, and manage WLAN technology, as well as those who develop systems and application software for wireless networks. This paper presents results from the largest and most comprehensive trace of network activity in a large, production wireless LAN. For eleven weeks we traced the activity of nearly two thousand users drawn from a general campus population, using a campus-wide network of 476 access points spread over 161 buildings at Dartmouth College. Our study expands on those done by Tang and Baker, with a significantly larger and broader population.We found that residential traffic dominated all other traffic, particularly in residences populated by newer students; students are increasingly choosing a wireless laptop as their primary computer. Although web protocols were the single largest component of traffic volume, network backup and file sharing contributed an unexpectedly large amount to the traffic. Although there was some roaming within a network session, we were surprised by the number of situations in which cards roamed excessively, unable to settle on one access point. Cross-subnet roams were an especial problem, because they broke IP connections, indicating the need for solutions that avoid or accommodate such roams.
On Applying an Image Processing Technique to Detecting Spams
Authors: Nobuo Kumagai, Masayoshi Aritsugi
Venue: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Data Engineering Workshops (2005)

In this paper we describe a preliminary study on applying an image processing technique to spam detection. We propose a simple method of processing email messages as image data for detecting spams out of them, and show some experimental results obtained from comparing our scheme with a Bayesian filter system. Although the image processing technique we adopted in this paper is quite simple, the results indicate that our method must be potentially useful for spam detection.
3D Surveillance A Distributed Network of Smart Cameras for Real-Time Tracking and its Visualization in 3D
Authors: Sven Fleck, Florian Busch, Peter Biber, Wolfgang Straber
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshop (2006)

The demand for surveillance systems has increased extremely over recent times. We present a system consisting of a distributed network of cameras that allows for tracking and handover of multiple persons in real time. The intercamera tracking results are embedded as live textures in an integrated 3D world model which is available ubiquitously and can be viewed from arbitrary perspectives independent of the persons' movements. We mainly concentrate on our implementation of embedded camera nodes in the form of smart cameras and discuss the benefits of such a distributed surveillance network compared to a host centralized approach. We also briefly describe our way of hassle free 3D model acquisition to cover the complete system from setup to operation and finally show some results of both an indoor and an outdoor system in operation.
Middleware-Based Data Replication: Some History and Future Trends
Authors: J. E. Armendariz-Inigo, Hendrik Decker, J. R. Gonzalez de Mendivil, F. D. Munoz-Escoi
Venue: Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Database and Expert Systems Applications (2006)

Middleware-based data replication is a way to increase availability, fault tolerance and performance of networked information systems without modifying the underlying DBMS core code. However, if such middleware is not properly conceived, it will introduce an overhead leading to poor response times. In this paper we study the progression of solutions for problems typically entailed by replication, which led to the use of middleware for avoiding inconveniencies associated with earlier approaches. We survey several existing and projected architectures -designed by our research groups- in terms of availability, consistency and fault toleran
Dense near polygons with hexes of type HD(5,q2), Q(5,q)×Lq+1 or Q(5,q) ⊗ Q(5,q)
Authors: Bart De Bruyn
Venue: Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series A (2006)

We determine all dense near 2n-gons, n ≥ 3, in which each hex is isomorphic to either the dual polar space HD(5, q2), the product near hexagon Q(5, q) × Lq + 1 or a glued near hexagon of type Q(5, q) ⊗ Q (5, q).
Tensions and tradeoffs in a "design for science" classroom: the "forces in balloon" lecture
Authors: Mary J. Leonard, Sharon J. Derry
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Learning sciences (2006)

"Design for science" curricula employ engineering-type design challenges as means for students to learn science concepts as well as skills in science and design. Teaching science in the context of engineering design, however, is not straightforward; it creates certain tensions and requires tradeoffs. This paper represents part of a larger study that examines and describes tensions and tradeoffs in a "design for science" classroom, Learning by Design&trade;. We examine tensions in a lecture on forces in which the teacher finds herself challenged to build representational bridges between students' designed artifacts and abstract science concepts. Constrained by time and difficulty of the concepts, the teacher chooses a tradeoff that uses a lecture to provide students a model for the science underlying their designs. Our examination reveals the teacher's struggle with representation, the requirement that she engage in modeling, and the importance of in-depth pedagogical content knowledge to successful design-based science instruction.
Object Activation from Features in the Semantic System
Authors: Michael A. Kraut, Sarah Kremen, Jessica B. Segal, Vincent Calhoun, Lauren R. Moo, John Hart,  Jr.
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2002)

The human brain is thought to elicit an object representation via co-activation of neural regions that encode various object features. The cortical regions and mechanisms involved in this process have never been elucidated for the semantic system. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to evaluate regions activated during a task designed to elicit object activation within the semantic system (e.g., presenting the words "desert" and "humps" with the task to determine if they combine to form an object, in this case a "camel"). There were signal changes in the thalamus for word pairs that activated an object, but not for pairs that (a) failed to activate an object, (b) were simply semantically associated, or (c) were members of the same category. These results suggest that the thalamus has a critical role in coordinating the cortical activity required for activating an object concept in the semantic system.