ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Crosstalk Minimization in Logic Synthesis for PLA
Authors: Yi-Yu Liu, Kuo-Hua Wang, TingTing Hwang
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe - Volume 2 (2004)

We propose a maximum crosstalk minimization algorithm taking logic synthesis into consideration for PLA structure. To minimize the crosstalk, technique of permuting wire is used which includes the following steps. First, product lines are partitioned into long set and short set, and then product lines in long set and short set are interleaved. By interleaving algorithm, an upper bound on the maximum coupling capacitance of the product lines can be derived.Then, we take advantage of crosstalk immunity of product lines in long set to further reduce the maximum crosstalk effect of the PLA. Finally, synthesis techniques such as local transformation and global transformation are taken into consideration to search for a better result. The experiments demonstrate that our algorithm can effectively minimize the maximum crosstalk effect of a circuit by 48% as compared with the original area-minimized PLA without crosstalk minimization.
Algebraic spans
Authors: Maurice Herlihy, Sergio Rajsbaum
Venue: Mathematical Structures in Computer Science (2000)

Topological methods have yielded a variety of lower bounds and impossibility results for distributed computing. In this paper, we introduce a new tool for proving impossibility results, which is based on a core theorem of algebraic topology, the acyclic carrier theorem, and unifies, generalizes and extends earlier results.
EMOCAP: driving 3D characters with real mood dynamics
Authors: Nicholas Woolridge, David Kreindler, Charles Lumsden
Venue: ACM SIGGRAPH 2003 Sketches Applications (2003)

Motion capture, or "mocap," is now a standard method by which animators impress the trademark fluidity of an actor's movement on their digital characters. This animation sketch presents EMOCAP, a new method that extends the idea of mocap to the capture of psychological data defining complex human emotional states as they change over time. Although emotion capture is, like mocap, of general relevance to character animation, here we report the method and its first applications to visualizing long term patterns of psychiatric mood behavior.
The automatic measurement of the relative merits of student programs
Authors: S. K. Robinson, I. S. Torsun
Venue: ACM SIGPLAN Notices (1977)

Elementary course work assessments at Brunel University consist of programming problems with guidelines as to the method of solution. With such an environment and a given language (Fortran) this paper provides a method whereby the set of submitted solutions are automatically assessed by their relative merits to the solution produced by the lecturer concerned.
How Software Engineers Use Documentation: The State of the Practice
Authors: Timothy C. Lethbridge, Janice Singer, Andrew Forward
Venue: IEEE Software (2003)

Three large industrial studies explored how software engineers use and maintain documentation. The studies confirm the widely held belief that most software engineers don't update most software documentation in a timely manner. The only notable exception is documentation types that are highly structured and easy to maintain, such as test cases and inline comments. The studies also show that out-of-date documentation, especially that containing high-level abstractions, might remain useful.
Towards Pseudonymous e-Commerce
Authors: Marc Rennhard, Sandro Rafaeli, Laurent Mathy, Bernhard Plattner, David Hutchison
Venue: Electronic Commerce Research (2004)

The lack of privacy is one of the main reasons that limits trust in e-commerce. Current e-commerce practice enforces a customer to disclose her identity to the e-shop and the use of credit cards makes it straightforward for an e-shop to know the real identity of its customers. Although there are some payment systems based on untraceable tokens, they are not as widely used as credit cards. Furthermore, even without buying anything, a customer is already disclosing some information about who or where she may be by just connecting to the e-shop's web server and leaving behind an IP-address. In this paper, we present novel components that enable secure pseudonymous e-commerce. On the one hand, these components allow a customer to browse through an e-shop, select goods, and pay the goods with her credit card such that neither the e-shop operator nor the credit card issuer nor an eavesdropper is able to get any information about the customer's identity. On the other hand, it is guaranteed that none of the involved parties is able to act dishonestly during the credit card payment. Such a system could greatly enhance trust in e-commerce since it overcomes the customers' privacy concerns.
OSGS&mdash;A Personalized Online Store for E-Commerce Environments
Authors: Raz Lin, Sarit Kraus, Jeffrey Tew
Venue: Information Retrieval (2004)

Current online stores suffer from a cardinal problem. There are too many products to offer, and customers find themselves lost due to the vast selection. As opposed to traditional stores, there is little or no guidance that helps the customers as they search. In this paper, we propose a new approach for designing a successful personalized online store enabling the successful searching of customers in the store. This approach is based on algorithms commonly used in recommendation systems, but which are rarely used for searches in online stores. We employ this approach for both keyword and browse searches, and present an implementation of this approach. We compared several search guide algorithms experimentally, and the experiments' results show that the suggested algorithms are applicable to the domain of online stores.
Design of a multi-sender 3D videoconferencing application over an end system multicast protocol
Authors: Mojtaba Hosseini, Nicolas D. Georganas
Venue: Proceedings of the eleventh ACM international conference on Multimedia (2003)

Videoconferencing in the context of 3D virtual environments promises better spatial consistency and mutual awareness for its participants. However, in the absence of IP Multicast and limited upload bandwidth of today's DSL connections, the feasibility of such systems in supporting even a small group of users is in question. This paper presents the design and implementation of an awareness driven 3D videoconferencing application that runs on a peer-to-peer architecture and our own End System Multicast protocol. The paper highlights the unique requirements of multiparty videoconferencing applications and presents a solution that can support 4-10 bandwidth-limited users without the need for IP Multicast capability.
Reactively sputtered tantalum pentoxide thin films for integrated capacitors
Authors: T. Riekkinen, J. Molarius
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2003)

The aim of this work was to develop a deposition process for a high-dielectric constant tantalum pentoxide for integrated capacitors. Thin films were deposited reactively on glass wafers using a radio-frequency magnetron sputtering cluster tool at various O2/Ar flow ratios. By using 2 MeV 4He+ backscattering spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, the films obtained showed a stoichiometric orthorhombic β-Ta2O5 phase at 20% O2 in the sputtering gas flow. With low-frequency measurements (f = 100 kHz), a 200 × 200-µm2 square metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitor with copper electrodes and a 340-nm thick dielectric gave a capacitance density of 0.066 µF/cm2, with a quality factor (Q) of 650. The value of the relative permittivity (εr) was approximately 25 determined from MIM capacitors of various sizes. The surface roughness of the 376-nm thick oxide film was found to be small: 0.255 nm. The largest measured capacitor (200×200 µm2) gave reasonable results at low frequencies. When the frequency was increased (100 kHz-20 GHz) only for the smaller capacitors (30 × 30 µm2) the capacitance remained constant. However, the Q values decreased of the smaller capacitors as a function of frequency. Processed tantalum pentoxide MIM capacitors possessed reasonable electrical properties below 2 GHz and good potential for further improvement.
An approach to design flow management in CAD frameworks
Authors: Mahesh Mehendale
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on European design automation (1991)

The approach described in this paper is based on a parallel that can be established between the design flow and the logic design domains. The paper describes how these mappings can be used to apply the existing techniques and algorithms of the logic design process to the problem of design flow management, thus providing solutions for design flow specification. representation, synthesis. flow data management and flow execution, in CAD frameworks. A 'design flow' view in EDIF has been proposed. It can be used as a standard interchange format for migrating flows across frameworks.
ARTMAP neural networks for information fusion and data mining: map production and target recognition methodologies
Authors: Olga Parsons, Gail A. Carpenter
Venue: Neural Networks (2003)

The Sensor Exploitation Group of MIT Lincoln Laboratory incorporated an early version of the ARTMAP neural network as the recognition engine of a hierarchical system for fusion and data mining of registered geospatial images. The Lincoln Lab system has been successfully fielded, but is limited to target/non-target identifications and does not produce whole maps. Procedures defined here extend these capabilities by means of a mapping method that learns to identify and distribute arbitrarily many target classes. This new spatial data mining system is designed particularly to cope with the highly skewed class distributions of typical mapping problems. Specification of canonical algorithms and a benchmark testhed has enabled the evaluation of candidate recognition networks as well as pre- and post-processing and feature selection options. The resulting mapping methodology sets a standard for a variety of spatial data mining tasks. In particular, training pixels are drawn from a region that is spatially distinct from the mapped region, which could feature an output class mix that is substantially different from that of the training set. The system recognition component, default ARTMAP, with its fully specified set of canonical parameter values, has become the a priori system of choice among this family of neural networks for a wide variety of applications.
Identifying redundancy in source code using fingerprints
Authors: J. Howard Johnson
Venue: Proceedings of the 1993 conference of the Centre for Advanced Studies on Collaborative research: software engineering - Volume 1 (1993)

A prototype implementation of a mechanism that uses fingerprints to identify exact repetitions of text in large program source trees has been built and successfully applied to a legacy source of over 300 megabytes. This prototype system has provided useful information as well as establishing the scalability of the technology. The approach will form the basis of a suite of tools for the visualization and understanding of programs and will complement other approaches currently under investigation.
Standards and agile software development
Authors: W. H. Morkel Theunissen, Derrick G. Kourie, Bruce W. Watson
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 annual research conference of the South African institute of computer scientists and information technologists on Enablement through technology (2003)

This paper investigates the adaptability of agile methodologies to software development standards laid down by ISO. On the basis of this analysis, guidelines are proposed for developing software in such a way that the development process conforms to the standards required by the software acquirer, while still retaining its agile characteristics. Extreme Programming (XP) is used as the primary representative of the various agile methodologies.
Quality-of-service in IP services over Bluetooth ad-hoc networks
Authors: Wah-Chun Chan, Jiann-Liang Chen, Po-Tsang Lin, Ka-Chin Yen
Venue: Mobile Networks and Applications (2003)

Along with the development of multimedia and wireless networking technologies, mobile multimedia applications are playing more important roles in information access. Quality of Service (QoS) is a critical issue in providing guaranteed service in a low bandwidth wireless environment. To provide Bluetooth-IP services with differentiated quality requirements, a QoS-centric cascading mechanism is proposed in this paper. This innovative mechanism, composed of intra-piconet resource allocation, inter-piconet handoff and Bluetooth-IP access modules, is based on the Bluetooth Network Encapsulation Protocol (BNEP) operation scenario. From our simulations the handoff connection time for a Bluetooth device is up to 11.84 s and the maximum average transmission delay is up to 4e-05 s when seven devices join a piconet simultaneously. Increasing the queue length for the Bluetooth-IP access system will decrease the traffic loss rate by 0.02 per 1000 IP packets at the expense of a small delay performance.
Elementary structures in process theory (1): Sets with renaming
Authors: Kohei Honda
Venue: Mathematical Structures in Computer Science (2000)

We study a general algebraic framework that underlies a wide range of computational formalisms that use the notion of names, notably process calculi. The algebraic framework gives a rigorous basis for describing and reasoning about processes semantically, as well as offering new insights into existing constructions. The formal status of the theory is elucidated by introducing its alternative presentation, which is geometric in nature and is based on explicit manipulation of connections among nameless processes. Nameless processes and their relational theory form a coherent universe in their own right, which underlies existing graphical formalisms such as proof nets. We establish the formal equivalence between these two presentations, and illustrate how they can be used complementarily for the precise and effective description of diverse algebras and the dynamics of processes through examples.
Distribution-free statistical inference for generalized Lorenz dominance based on grouped data
Authors: Yasutomo Murasawa, Kimio Morimune
Venue: Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (2004)

One income distribution is preferable to another under any increasing and Schur-concave (S-concave) social welfare function (SWF) if and only if the generalized Lorenz (GL) curve of the first distribution lies above that of the second. Thus, testing for GL dominance of one distribution over another is of interest. The paper focuses on inference based on grouped data and makes two contributions: (i) it gives a new formula for the asymptotic variance-covariance matrix of a vector of sample GL curve ordinates, interpreting it as a method-of-moments (MM) estimator, and (ii) it proposes a new test for multivariate inequality restrictions, of which GL dominance is a special case. For the Japanese household income data grouped into deciles, the test accepts the null hypothesis that income distribution in Japan improved from 1979 to 1994.
Encoding left reduction in the &lambda;-calculus with interaction nets
Authors: Sylvain Lippi
Venue: Mathematical Structures in Computer Science (2002)

This paper presents a simple implementation of the &lambda;-calculus in the interaction net paradigm. It is based on a two-fold translation. &lambda;-terms are coded (for duplication) or decoded (for execution), and reduction is achieved by switching between these two states: decoding corresponds to head reduction and encoding to left reduction.
New Exposition on Probability and Statistics
Authors: Marjorie G. Hahn
Venue: Computing in Science and Engineering (2004)

Review of the book, "Weighing the Odds: A Course in Probability and Statistics," by David Williams.
Color Nonuniformity in Projection-Based Displays: Analysis and Solutions
Authors: Aditi Majumder, Rick Stevens
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics (2004)

Abstract--Large-area displays made up of several projectors show significant variation in color. In this paper, we identify different projector parameters that cause the color variation and study their effects on the luminance and chrominance characteristics of the display. This work leads to the realization that luminance varies significantly within and across projectors, while chrominance variation is relatively small, especially across projectors of same model. To address this situation, we present a method to achieve luminance matching across all pixels of a multiprojector display that results in photometrically uniform displays. We use a camera as a measurement device for this purpose. Our method comprises a one-time calibration step that generates a per channel per projector luminance attenuation map (LAM), which is then used to correct any image projected on the display at interactive rates on commodity graphics hardware. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first effort to match luminance across all the pixels of a multiprojector display.
Topological Segmentation in Three-Dimensional Vector Fields
Authors: Karim Mahrous, Janine Bennett, Gerik Scheuermann, Bernd Hamann, Kenneth I. Joy
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics (2004)

Abstract--We present a new method for topological segmentation in steady three-dimensional vector fields. Depending on desired properties, the algorithm replaces the original vector field by a derived segmented data set, which is utilized to produce separating surfaces in the vector field. We define the concept of a segmented data set, develop methods that produce the segmented data by sampling the vector field with streamlines, and describe algorithms that generate the separating surfaces. This method is applied to generate local separatrices in the field, defined by a movable boundary region placed in the field. The resulting partitions can be visualized using standard techniques for a visualization of a vector field at a higher level of abstraction.
Reactive Control of Zoom while Fixating Using Perspective and Affine Cameras
Authors: Ben Tordoff, David Murray
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (2004)

Abstract--This paper describes reactive visual methods of controlling the zoom setting of the lens of an active camera while fixating upon an object. The first method assumes a perspective projection and adjusts zoom to preserve the ratio of focal length to scene depth. The active camera is constrained to rotate, permitting self-calibration from the image motion of points on the static background. A planar structure from motion algorithm is used to recover the depth of the foreground. The foreground-background segmentation exploits the properties of the two different interimage homographies which are observed. The fixation point is updated by transfer via the observed planar structure. The planar method is shown to work on real imagery, but results from simulated data suggest that its extension to general 3D structure is problematical under realistic viewing and noise regimes. The second method assumes an affine projection. It requires no self-calibration and the zooming camera may move generally. Fixation is again updated using transfer, but now via the affine structure recovered by factorization. Analysis of the projection matrices allows the relative scale of the affine bases in different views to be found in a number of ways and, hence, controlled to unity. The various ways are compared and the best used on real imagery captured from an active camera fitted with a controllable zoom lens in both look-move and continuous operation.
TorqueBAR: an ungrounded haptic feedback device
Authors: Colin Swindells, Alex Unden, Tao Sang
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Multimodal interfaces (2003)

Kinesthetic feedback is a key mechanism by which people perceive object properties during their daily tasks - particularly inertial properties. For example, transporting a glass of water without spilling, or dynamically positioning a handheld tool such as a hammer, both require inertial kinesthetic feedback. We describe a prototype for a novel ungrounded haptic feedback device, the TorqueBAR, that exploits a kinesthetic awareness of dynamic inertia to simulate complex coupled motion as both a display and input device. As a user tilts the TorqueBAR to sense and control computer programmed stimuli, the TorqueBAR's centre-of-mass changes in real-time according to the user's actions. We evaluate the TorqueBAR using both quantitative and qualitative techniques, and we describe possible applications for the device such as video games and real-time robot navigation.
Global software development: technical, organizational, and social challenges
Authors: Filippo Lanubile, Daniela Damian, Heather L. Oppenheimer
Venue: ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes (2003)

The International Workshop on Global Software Development was held in Portland (Oregon, USA) on May 9 2003, as part of the International Conference on Software Engineering 2003. A multicultural group of twenty-five people contributed to a successful workshop that debated the continued challenges of software development in global teams. The workshop consisted of an invited talk, sixteen short presentations, and fruitful discussions. We present an overview of the workshop motivation and then focus on the workshop's technical program. The workshop web site, including papers and slides, can be found at <http://gsd2003.cs.uvic.ca>.
SHARP-looking geometric partitioning
Authors: S. Bapat, J. P. Cohoon
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on European design automation (1991)

A new technique, named SHARP, is presented for the partitioning of VLSI integrated circuits. SHARP is a hill-climbing heuristic that is designed to be incorporated into a partitioning-based placement algorithm. Its important features include a geometric decomposition of the layout surface into a '#'-shaped region; a multi-objective function that more accurately represents wire usage than the standard min-cut criterion, and extensive use of Steiner trees. A series of experiments demonstrates that the SHARP technique produces very high quality partitions.
A multi-user framework supporting video-based avatars
Authors: Peter Quax, Tom Jehaes, Pieter Jorissen, Wim Lamotte
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd workshop on Network and system support for games (2003)

In this paper we present our ongoing work in setting up a multi-user framework that supports video texturing on avatars, creating added value for both gaming and collaborative work applications. Limiting the data propagation and bandwidth usage is a key goal when targeting a scalable application that will be deployed on a general-purpose network such as the Internet. We therefore present a number of techniques that can be used in these circumstances, including increased client responsibilities and multicast communications. By making full use of the increased client processing power and bandwidth, we can relieve the server of many of its traditional roles. At the same time, we can target a range of network-enabled devices by handing over control of quality parameters to the individual clients. Through the combination of real-time video distribution and animated avatars, we aim to achieve an increased level of immersion in the virtual world.