ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
An Approach to Computing Ethics
Authors: Michael Anderson, Susan Leigh Anderson, Chris Armen
Venue: IEEE Intelligent Systems (2006)

To make ethics computable, we've adopted an approach to ethics that involves considering multipleprima facie duties in deciding how one should act in an ethical dilemma. We believe this approach is morelikely to capture the complexities of ethical decision making than a single, absolute-duty ethical theory.However, it requires a decision procedure for determining the ethically correct action when the duties giveconflicting advice. To solve this problem, we employ inductive-logic programming to enable a machine toabstract information from ethical experts' intuitions about particular ethical dilemmas, to create adecision principle. We've tested our method in the MedEthEx proof-of-concept system, using a type ofethical dilemma that involves 18 possible combinations of three prima facie duties. The system needed justfour training cases to create an ethically significant decision principle that covered the remaining cases. This article is part of a special issue on Machine Ethics.
Research on a Stable Adaptive Fuzzy Control of Nonlinear Liquid Level System
Authors: Yongping Pan, Qinruo Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Hybrid Intelligent Systems (2006)

Based on the theory of variable universe fuzzy control and Lyapunov stability, a stable adaptive fuzzy control for time-varying nonlinear liquid level system is proposed. The solution uses the stable adaptive law based on variable universe without system identification, and its improved control compensator has the characteristic of easier setting. The simulating results demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach.
Throttling-Based Resource Management in High Performance Multithreaded Architectures
Authors: Seong-Won Lee Jean-Luc Gaudiot
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (2006)

Up to now, the power problems which could be caused by the huge amount of hardware resources present in modern systems have not been a primary concern. More recently, however, power consumption has begun limiting the number of resources which can be safely integrated into a single package, lest the heat dissipation exceed physical limits (before actual package meltdown). At the same time, new architectural techniques such as Simultaneous MultiThreading (SMT), whose goal it is to efficiently use the resources of a superscalar machine without introducing excessive additional control overhead, have appeared on the scene. In this paper, we present a new resource management scheme which enables an efficient low power mode in SMT architectures. The proposed scheme is based on a modified pipeline throttling technique which introduces a throttling point at the last stage of the processor pipeline in order to reduce power consumption. We demonstrate that resource utilization plays an important role in efficient power management and that our strategy can significantly improve performance in the power-saving mode. Since the proposed resource management scheme tests the processor condition cycle by cycle, we evaluate its performance by setting a target IPC as one sort of immediate power measure. Our analysis shows that an SMT processor with our dynamic resource management scheme can yield significantly higher overall performance.
Simulation of Skype Peer-to-peer Web Services Choreography Using Occam-Pi
Authors: Adrian Cockcroft
Venue: Proceedings of the The 8th IEEE International Conference on E-Commerce Technology and The 3rd IEEE International Conference on Enterprise Computing, E-Commerce, and E-Services (2006)

Complex web services are very difficult to test and verify before deployment on a large scale. A semantically equivalent in-memory simulation can be built using Occam-pi that runs up to 100,000 nodes about a million times faster than real life. Rapid protocol development and detailed behavioral analysis using simulation supports the development of robust services that can scale. The implementation of a simulator that models centralized web services and application to application messaging over the Skype Peer to Peer network is described.
Collision avoidance in a dense RFID network
Authors: Shweta Jain, Samir R. Das
Venue: Proceedings of the 1st international workshop on Wireless network testbeds, experimental evaluation characterization (2006)

In this work, we develop a CSMA-based MAC protocol to avoid reader-reader and reader-tag collisions in a dense RFID network. The network is implemented using mote-based RFID readers. To implement the MAC protocol,we develop an appropriate carrier sensing circuit using an RFID tag as an antenna and the mote as an apparatus to sample received signal strength. We have augmented a commercially available OEM RFID module with such carrier sensing capability and interfaced it with motes. Performance evaluation shows much superior performance relative to a naive and a randomized protocol in dense deployment environments both in regards to accuracy and time per tag read.
Towards the Diversity of Sensitive Attributes in k-Anonymity
Authors: Min Wu, Xiaojun Ye
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE/WIC/ACM international conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology (2006)

Privacy preservation is an important and challenging problem in microdata release. As a de-identification model, k-anonymity has gained much attention recently. While focusing on identity disclosures, k-anonymity does not well resolve attribute disclosures. In this paper we focus on the sensitive attribute disclosures in k-anonymity and propose an ordinal distance based sensitivity aware diversity metric. We assume the more diversity the sensitive attribute assumes in an equivalence class in a k-anonymized table, the less inference channel there is in the equivalence class.
Singularity tracking for Camassa-Holm and Prandtl's equations
Authors: Giulio Della Rocca, Maria Carmela Lombardo, Marco Sammartino, Vincenzo Sciacca
Venue: Applied Numerical Mathematics (2006)

In this paper we consider the phenomenon of singularity formation for the Camassa-Holm equation and for Prandtl's equations. We solve these equations using spectral methods. Then we track the singularity in the complex plane estimating the rate of decay of the Fourier spectrum. This method allows us to follow the process of the singularity formation as the singularity approaches the real axis.
Query processing over live and archived data streams
Authors: Michael J. Franklin
Venue:  (2005)

It is becoming increasingly apparent that many important applications over streaming data require access not only to the live streaming data, but also historical portions of the streams. The combining of live and historical data is fundamental to performing tracking, planning and ad-hoc monitoring functions in diverse domains including freeway traffic monitoring, supply chain management using RFID data, network traffic analysis, and financial stream analysis. It is therefore imperative that a Data Stream Management System (DSMS) underlying these applications have the ability to archive the streams to disk and support queries over a combination of live and archived data. This thesis identifies challenges associated with such processing, and proposes solutions at the storage manager (PATOIS, OSCAR, FELIX) and at the executor (PSoup) to enable such applications. PATOIS is a framework for overload-handling in the storage manager, that emphasizes the effect of load-reducing solutions on the accuracy of results returned by the query processor. FELIX and OSCAR are important components of this framework that focus on reducing the load associated with index-insertions and archive-lookups respectively: the former results in no loss of query accuracy, while the latter allows users to trade off accuracy loss in running queries for increased throughput. These techniques are essential to the operation of DSMSs that archive data and support queries that access the archive. PSoup is a novel approach to query processing based on the duality of queries and data that is observed across the various classes of queries over streaming applications. It allows the efficient and seamless execution of various queries over streaming data.
Personal reflections on APL96
Authors: Curtis A. Jones
Venue: ACM SIGAPL APL Quote Quad (1996)

APL96 was a fine conference. The folks in Lancaster are friendly and helpful. Well, Lancaster Castle has served, and still serves, as a prison. In 1660 one of the prisoners was George Fox, whose objections to the Church of England not only landed him in the castle but started the Quakers. His reputation has improved, and the conference was mostly held in a building named after him. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Infusing Software Engineering Technology into Practice at NASA
Authors: Thomas Pressburger, Michael Hinchey, Martin S. Feather, Lawrence Markosian
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE International Conference on Space Mission Challenges for Information Technology (2006)

We present an ongoing effort of the NASA Software Engineering Initiative to encourage the use of advanced software engineering technology on NASA projects. Technology infusion is in general a difficult process yet this effort seems to have found a modest approach that is successful for some types of technologies. We outline the process and describe the experience of the technology infusions that occurred over a two year period. We also present some lessons from the experiences.
Modeling justification and reflection in case-based learning environments
Authors: David Jonassen, Tiancheng Li
Venue: Proceedings of the 1996 international conference on Learning sciences (1996)

Two studies examining the role of modeling of performance and refection in case-based learning environments were conducted. In the first study, modeling and prompting of performance accounted for the number of criteria addressed in learners' arguments and the coherence of their arguments. In the second study, modeling of performance plus reflection enhanced coherence and the number of reflective statements included in justifications.
Why Graphics Power Is Revolutionizing Physics
Authors: Michael Macedonia
Venue: Computer (2006)

Physics let today's graphics chips plot a realistic trajectory as they shoot the moon.
ripcord: rapid interface prototyping for cordless devices
Authors: Matthias Krauß, Dennis Krannich
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th conference on Human-computer interaction with mobile devices and services (2006)

Mobile devices such as cellular phones are indispensable in our daily life. The success and penetration of the market of mobile services and applications does not only depend on good, innovative ideas, but also on their usability.Therefore several endeavors have been made to tackle these problems in order to provide suitable usability testing methods for user interfaces. But traditional testing methods cannot always be extended to mobile devices directly. In contrast to the widely standardized and static testing setup for Desktop PCs, the variety of physical device-specific characteristics as well as the highly dynamic context of use [5]. influences these methods.In this paper, we propose a novel approach for prototyping and testing mobile applications and services. It enables testing user interfaces and recording the interaction within context-of-use in early stages of the product development and therefore allows determining conceptional or design flaws before they can cause cost-intensive corrections or even refactoring of the product.Besides its direct applicability this approach allows us to elaborate if and how classical usability testing methods can be transferred to mobile devices and how they are influenced by the device-specific characteristics.
A bio-basis function neural network for protein peptide cleavage activity characterisation
Authors: Zheng Rong Yang, Jonathan Dry, Rebecca Thomson, T. Charles Hodgman
Venue: Neural Networks (2006)

This paper presents a novel neural learning algorithm for analysing protein peptides which comprise amino acids as non-numerical attributes. The algorithm is derived from the radial basis function neural networks (RBFNNs) and is referred to as a bio-basis function neural network (BBFNN). The basic principle is to replace the radial basis function used by RBFNNs with a bio-basis function. Each basis in BBFNN is supported by a peptide. The bases collectively form a feature space, in which each basis represents a feature dimension. A linear classifier is constructed in the feature space for characterising a protein peptide in terms of functional status. The theoretical basis of BBFNN is that peptides, which perform the same function will have similar compositions of amino acids. Because of this, the similarity between peptides can have statistical significance for modelling while the proposed bio-basis function can well code this information from data. The application to two real cases shows that BBFNN outperformed multi-layer perceptrons and support vector machines.
Institutionalizing mobile user experience: key success factors, strategic positioning, and sustainable organisational implementations
Authors: Tobias Herrmann, Manfred Tscheligi
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th conference on Human-computer interaction with mobile devices and services (2006)

This course addresses strategic and organisational aspects of user experience work in companies, based on experiences in the mobile service industry. It focuses on the question of how to successfully set-up a Corporate User Experience Team in the areas of conflict between top management, marketing, sales, IT, customer service, and product development. Besides the presentation of general motivations and drivers for corporate user experience work and several concepts for doing so, the course in particular represents the authors' experiences in setting-up such a team, discusses key success factors, and the role of selected strategic concepts (ROI, BSC). The organisers will provide an insight into the institutionalization within Austria's largest telecom & mobile service providing company - mobilkom austria. The tutorial provides attendees with the information required in order to be successful in establishing user experience work, and with insights and ideas for strategic positioning.
Sleep-Induced Changes in Associative Memory
Authors: Robert Stickgold, Laurie Scott, Cynthia Rittenhouse, J. Allan Hobson
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (1999)

The notion that dreaming might alter the strength of associative links in memory was first proposed almost 200 years ago. But no strong evidence of such altered associative links has been obtained. Semantic priming can be used to quantify the strength of associative links between pairs of words; it is thought to measure the automatic spread of activation from a "node" representing one word to nodes representing semantically related words. Semantic priming could thus be used to test for global alterations in the strengths of associative links across the wake-sleep cycle. Awakenings from REM and nonREM (NREM) sleep produce a period of state carry-over during which performance is altered as a result of the brain's slow transition to full wakefulness, and cognitive testing in this period can provide information about the functioning of the brain during the prior sleep period. When subjects were tested across the night - before and after a night's sleep as well as immediately following forced awakenings from REM and NREM sleep-weak priming (e.g., thief-wrong) was found to be state dependent (p = 0.016), whereas strong priming (e.g., hot-cold) was not (p = 0.89). Weak primes were most effective in the presleep and REM sleep conditions and least effective in NREM and postsleep conditions. Most striking are analyses comparing weak and strong priming within each wake-sleep state. Contrary to the normal pattern of priming, subjects awakened from REM sleep showed greater priming by weak primes than by strong primes (p = 0.01). This result was seen in each of three protocols. In contrast, strong priming exceeded weak priming in NREM sleep. The shift in weak priming seen after REM sleep awakenings suggests that cognition during REM sleep is qualitatively different from that of waking and NREM sleep and may reflect a shift in associative memory systems, a shift that we hypothesize underlies the bizarre and hyperassociative character of REMsleep dreaming. Known changes in brainstem activity that control the transition into and maintenance of REM sleep provide a possible explanation of this shift.
Flexible Two-Level Boolean Minimizer BOOM-II and Its Applications
Authors: Petr Fiser, Hana Kubatova
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th EUROMICRO Conference on Digital System Design (2006)

We propose a novel two-level Boolean minimizer coming in succession to our previously developed minimizer BOOM, so we have named it BOOM-II. It is a combination of two minimizers, namely BOOM and FC-Min. Each of these two methods has its own area where it is most efficiently applicable. We have combined these two methods together to be able to solve all kinds of problems efficiently, independently on their size or nature. The tool is very scalable in terms of required runtime and/or quality of the solution. It is applicable to functions with an extremely large number of both input and output variables. The minimization process is very flexible and can be driven by miscellaneous user-defined constraints, such as low-power design, design-for-testability and decomposition constraints. Some of the application areas are described in the paper.
VO-based Dynamic Security Associations in Collaborative Grid Environment
Authors: Yuri Demchenko, Cees de Laat, Vincenzo Ciaschini
Venue: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Collaborative Technologies and Systems (2006)

This paper discusses how the Virtual Organisation (VO) concept can be used for managing dynamic security associations in collaborative Grid applications and for complex resource provisioning. The paper contains both research part and discusses further development of the popular VO management software the VO Membership Service (VOMS). The paper provides an overview of current practices in VO management in major Grid projects including operational procedures and the supporting security middleware. The paper identifies open issues and basic requirements to the VO security functionality and services and suggests possible directions of further research and development. The proposed conceptual VO model and VO management framework provide a basis for consistent VO services definition and development to support different VO operational models. The paper intends to provide a framework for common understanding of the VO concept among Grid community and collaborative community and industry. The paper is based on experiences gained from the major Grid based and Grid oriented projects in collaborative applications and complex resource provisioning.
Applying the Grid to 3D capture technology: Research Articles
Authors: Lewis MacKenzie, Paul Cockshott, Viktor Yarmolenko, Ewan Borland, Paul Graham, Kostas Kavoussanakis
Venue: Concurrency and Computation: Practice Experience (2007)

The PGPGrid project aims to parallelize the process of extracting range data from an experimental 3D scanner using the Grid as a vehicle for accessing necessary resources. The application is potentially highly parallel but has some unusual features such as rapid spawning of processes in real time and a dynamic inter-process network topology. These characteristics are such as to require enhancement of the usual task migration capabilities of the Globus toolkit. The present paper initially discusses attempts to estimate the real parallelizability of the scanner application. It then describes a new Java application programming interface, based on Milner's $\pi$-calculus, which could be used to extend Globus in a manner capable of supporting systems with this kind of dynamic parallel structure. The location of processing resources for the $\pi$-calculus is done using a Web-services-based resource locator. The article also describes the pipeline of processing from initial stereo photogrametry to the final production of animation models. A key step in this is the conformation of animators models to the data obtained by the real-time scanner. Algorithmic innovations in this process are described. Copyright &copy; 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pragmatic Genetic Programming strategy for the problem of vehicle detection in airborne reconnaissance
Authors: Daniel Howard, Simon C. Roberts, Conor Ryan
Venue: Pattern Recognition Letters (2006)

A Genetic Programming (GP) method uses multiple runs, data decomposition stages, to evolve a hierarchical set of vehicle detectors for the automated inspection of infrared line scan imagery that has been obtained by a low flying aircraft. The performance on the scheme using two different sets of GP terminals (all are rotationally invariant statistics of pixel data) is compared on 10 images. The discrete Fourier transform set is found to be marginally superior to the simpler statistics set that includes an edge detector. An analysis of detector formulae provides insight on vehicle detection principles. In addition, a promising family of algorithms that take advantage of the GP method's ability to prescribe an advantageous solution architecture is developed as a post-processor. These algorithms selectively reduce false alarms by exploring context, and determine the amount of contextual information that is required for this task.
A multi-agent system that facilitates scientific publications search
Authors: Aliaksandr Birukou, Enrico Blanzieri, Paolo Giorgini
Venue: Proceedings of the fifth international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems (2006)

It is very difficult for beginners to define and find the most relevant literature in a research field. They can search on the web or look at the most important journals and conference proceedings, but it would be much better to receive suggestions directly from experts of the field. Unfortunately, this is not always possible and systems like CiteSeer and GoogleScholar become extremely useful for beginners (and not only). In this paper, we present an agent-based system that facilitates scientific publications search. Users interacting with their personal agents produce a transfer of knowledge about relevant publications from experts to beginners. Each personal agent observes how publications are used and induces behavioral patterns that are used to create more effective recommendations. Feedback exchange allows agents to share their knowledge and virtual communities of cloned experts can be created to support novice users. We present a set of experimental results, obtained using CiteSeer as a source of information, that show the effectiveness of our approach.
Table of Contents - ISPASS
Venue: Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE International Symposium on Performance Analysis of Systems and Software (2004)

The following topics are dealt with: performance analysis of systems and software; benchmarking and workload characterization; simulation; architecture and performance evaluation; memory and caches; Java; and power estimation and reduction. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player