ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
From the Kneser-Poulsen conjecture to ball-polyhedra via Voronoi diagrams
Authors: Karoly Bezdek
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Voronoi Diagrams in Science and Engineering (2007)

A very fundamental geometric problem on finite systems of spheres was independently phrased by Kneser (1955) and Poulsen (1954). According to their well-known conjecture if a finite set of balls in Euclidean space is repositioned so that the distance between the centers of every pair of balls is decreased, then the volume of the union (resp., intersection) of the balls is decreased (resp., increased). In the first half of this paper we survey the state of the art of the Kneser-Poulsen conjecture in Euclidean, spherical as well as hyperbolic spaces with the emphases being on the Euclidean case. The methods of the proofs for many of the results are strongly relying on the underlying (truncated) Voronoi diagrams. Based on that it seems very natural and important to study the geometry of intersections of finitely many congruent balls say, of unit balls, from the viewpoint of discrete geometry in Euclidean space. We call these sets ball-polyhedra. In the second half of this paper we survey a selection of fundamental results known on ball-polyhedra. Besides the obvious survey character of this paper we want to emphasize our definite intention to raise quite a number of open problems to motivate further research.
Use of Smart Phone Technologies to Offer Easy-to-Use and Cost-Effective Telemedicine Services
Authors: A. Holopainen, F. Galbiati, K. Voutilainen
Venue: Proceedings of the First International Conference on the Digital Society (2007)

Timely review of patient data with close to real-time feedback is a critical success factor in today's disease management. This paper introduces eHit Health Gateway, an effective and secure tool to wirelessly transfer data from different measurement devices to the health care service provider by using a mobile platform. The system consists of a mobile platform, which collects the information from the measuring devices, and a server platform, which receives the collected data and forwards them to the existing Information System. The mobile platform can be used on most different devices such as mobile phones, smart phones and Personal Digital Assistants (PDA). An overview of the system functionality is followed by some important notes about security and privacy and by three reference cases illustrating the functionality of the system in different disease management environments. The paper also briefly points out some economical aspects to be considered when evaluating the use of telemedicine solutions.
Information fusion for spoken document retrieval
Authors: K. Ng
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 04 (2000)

Investigates the fusion of different information sources, with the goal of improving performance on spoken document retrieval (SDR) tasks. In particular, we explore the use of multiple transcriptions from different automatic speech recognizers, the combination of different types of subword unit indexing terms, and the combination of word- and subword-based units. To perform the retrieval, we use a novel probabilistic information retrieval model which retrieves documents based on maximum likelihood ratio scores. Experiments on the 1998 TREC-7 SDR task show that the use of these different information fusion approaches can result in significantly improved retrieval performance.
Self-optimizing Peer-to-Peer Networks with Selfish Processes
Authors: Amlan Bhattacharya, Sukumar Ghosh
Venue: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Self-Adaptive and Self-Organizing Systems (2007)

Request patterns in peer-to-peer networks are not uniform, and the cost of communication depends on the traffic flows among peers. This paper illustrates how processes in an overlay network can use the information about traffic flow pattern and spontaneously adjust the topology to minimize their communication costs. Four different selfoptimization protocols are presented. The selfish protocols allow peers to modify their routing tables to suit their individual needs, and are easy to implement, but the improvements are limited. Compared to this, the altruistic protocols that allow peers to adjust the routing tables based on the needs of other processes, promise a better performance. Since selfish peers may not comply, a penalty mechanism is proposed to discourage selfishness.
Real time asset tracking in the data center
Authors: Cyril Brignone, Tim Connors, Mehrban Jam, Geoff Lyon, Geetha Manjunath, Alan McReynolds, Swarup Mohalik, Ian Robinson, Craig Sayers, Cosme Sevestre, Jean Tourrilhes, Venugopal Srinivasmurthy
Venue: Distributed and Parallel Databases (2007)

The importance and difficultly of asset tracking make it worthy of attention. We focus on data centers consisting of vertical racks where each rack may accommodate a variety of equipment. We describe an asset tracking system which automatically detects and identifies equipment within rack; has "pinpoint" accuracy, i.e., location resolution equals asset size; relays this information to possibly several management back-ends; includes a back-end application that maintains a location history for all equipment; and uses a visualization tool to display both the current state and the history of deployment.The solution features a flexible architecture that simplifies the connection with both existing and future asset management applications. The architecture supports simple configuration, load balancing, and redundancy. Care has been taken to use widely recognized standards wherever possible.
Profiling and tracing dynamic library usage via interposition
Authors: Timothy W. Curry
Venue: Proceedings of the USENIX Summer 1994 Technical Conference on USENIX Summer 1994 Technical Conference - Volume 1 (1994)

Run-time resolution of library functions provides a rich and powerful opportunity to collect workload profiles and function/parameter trace information without source, special compilation, or special linking. This can be accomplished by having the linker resolve library functions to special wrapper functions that collect statistics before and after calling the real library function, leaving both the application and real library unaltered. The set of dynamic libraries is quite large including interesting libraries like libc (the C library and Operating System interface), graphics, database, network interface, and many more. Coupling this with the ability to simultaneously trace multiple processes on multiple processors covering both client and server processes yields tremendous feedback. We have found the amount of detailed information that can be gathered has been useful in many stages of the project life-cycle including the design, development, tuning, and sustaining of hardware, libraries, and applications. This paper first contrasts our extended view of interposition to other profiling, tracing, and interposing techniques. This is followed by a description and sample output of tools developed around this view; a discussion of obstacles encountered developing the tools; and finally, a discussion of anticipated and unanticipated ways those tools have been applied.
λ-Statistical limit points of the sequences of fuzzy numbers
Authors: A. Nihal Tuncer, F. Berna Benli
Venue: Information Sciences: an International Journal (2007)

Aytar has introduced the concepts of statistical limit and cluster points of a sequence of fuzzy numbers based on the definitions given in Fridy's study for sequences of real numbers. In this paper, we define @l-statistical limit and @l-statistical cluster points of sequences of fuzzy numbers and discuss the relations among the sets of ordinary limit points, @l-statistical limit points and @l-statistical cluster points of sequences of fuzzy numbers.
A study of thread migration in temperature-constrained multicores
Authors: Pierre Michaud, André Seznec, Damien Fetis, Yiannakis Sazeides, Theofanis Constantinou
Venue: ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization (TACO) (2007)

Temperature has become an important constraint in high-performance processors, especially multicores. Thread migration will be essential to exploit the full potential of future thermally constrained multicores. We propose and study a thread migration method that maximizes performance under a temperature constraint, while minimizing the number of migrations and ensuring fairness between threads. We show that thread migration brings important performance gains and that it is most effective during the first tens of seconds following a decrease of the number of running threads.
Structure selection in synthetic aperture radar scattering models
Authors: Y. Akyildiz
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 05 (2000)

High-frequency models for radar backscatter can include components with different structures that correspond to different physical scattering mechanisms on an object. We consider the problem of structure selection for an attributed scattering center model that includes both localized and distributed scattering terms. We propose three structure classification algorithms, and compare their performance. We show that a threshold test on the estimated length parameter performs as well as a GLRT test, but is computationally more efficient. A computationally fast image-based test is shown to perform as well as the GLRT and length-based tests for scattering center lengths greater than twice the crossrange resolution of the measurements.
Dynamic pricing of seasonal goods with spot and forward purchase demands
Authors: Peng-Sheng You, Ta Cheng Chen
Venue: Computers Mathematics with Applications (2007)

This paper deals with the problem of jointly determining the order size and dynamic prices for a perishable inventory system over a finite time planning horizon when firms simultaneously provide customers with a prompt delivery option and a delivery schedule option. Customers are segmented into two types, namely spot purchase customers and the forward purchase customers. Demands for both types of customers are assumed to be time and price dependent. The decision-maker of the inventory system is assumed to apply pricing policies to stimulate demand to improve revenues under the condition that customers with forward purchases may cancel their orders. A mathematical model is developed to find the optimal number of price settings, the optimal dynamic prices and the order quantity. A solution procedure is found to determine the optimal decisions.
A thread performance comparison: Windows NT and Solaris on a symmetric multiprocessor
Authors: Fabian Zabatta, Kevin Ying
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd conference on USENIX Windows NT Symposium - Volume 2 (1998)

Manufacturers now have the capability to build high performance multiprocessor machines with common PC components. This has created a new market of low cost multiprocessor machines. However, these machines are handicapped unless they have an operating system that can take advantage of their underlying architectures. Presented is a comparison of two such operating systems, Windows NT and Solaris. By focusing on their implementation of threads, we show each system's ability to exploit multiprocessors. We report our results and interpretations of several experiments that were used to compare the performance of each system. What emerges is a discussion on the performance impact of each implementation and its significance on various types of applications.
Prediction of modulators of pyruvate kinase in smiles text using aprori methods
Authors: Jason S. Caronna, Rojita Sharma, Jonathan D. Marra, Virginia L. Iuorno, Katherine G. Herbert, Jeffrey H. Toney
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th annual SIGCSE conference on Innovation and technology in computer science education (2007)

Pyruvate kinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of pyruvate from phosphenolpyruvate in glycolysis. There is a wealth of data on the activity of certain molecules and their effects on pyruvate kinase. This project aims to create an application that uses a pyruvate kinase dataset to determine the nature of unidentified molecules; whether or not they would be activators or inhibitors of this enzyme. This application uses an Apriori algorithm to identify or predict modulators of pyruvate kinase. This initial study focuses on simplified molecular input line entry specification (SMILES) text as target data to be mined. The three dimensional structure of pyruvate kinase is known and accessible though the Protein Data Bank (e.g., PDB code IA3W).
On the choice of the wavelets for ECG data compression
Authors: R. Besar
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 06 (2000)

This paper presents a technique used to choose optimal wavelets for electrocardiogram (ECG) signal data compression. At present, it is not clear which wavelet function is suitable for data compression of ECG signals. An important issue is that the performance of wavelet based algorithms may depend on the particular basis chosen for the signal compression. Various criteria are used to evaluate the fidelity of the reconstruction. The percent root difference (PRD) has been widely used in the literature as the principal error criterion. In this paper, three more criteria are used, namely, signal to noise ratio (SNR), distortion (D), and root mean square error (RMSE). We use a multiwavelet system that can simultaneously provide perfect reconstruction while preserving length (orthogonality), good performance at boundaries (via linear-phase symmetry), and high order of approximation (vanishing moments). Experimental results are shown for both multiwavelets and scalar wavelets.
A Configurable Modular Test Processor and Scan Controller Architecture
Authors: R. Frost Brandenburg, D. Rudolph, C. Galke, R. Kothe, H. T. Vierhaus
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th IEEE International On-Line Testing Symposium (2007)

Test technology development for processor-based Systems on a Chip (SoCs) has mainly focused on quality and cost of production test. More recently, test technologies that facilitate self test in the field of application are getting additional attention. Hardware-based built-in self test (BIST) is well understood for logic and for memory block, but can hardly cope with changing test strategies. We present a scalable test architecture based on a configurable test processor and a distributed modular scan controller that facilitates self test for logic and for bus structures and can optionally support externally controlled production test.
Study of the prioritized path protection in DWDM networks
Authors: Sheng-Feng Lee, I-Hsuan Peng, Yen-Wen Chen
Venue: Proceedings of the The 8th International Conference on Communication Systems - Volume 02 (2002)

In this paper, the 1+1 protection schemes for the prioritized paths within the dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) network are proposed. Two basic methods, named the link-shared and the link-disjointed, are proposed for the selection of the backup path. The link-disjointed scheme provides a better reliability for the arrangement of communication paths; however, the link-shared scheme has a better probability to setup the backup paths and can achieve a higher utilization of network resource. These two basic schemes are then applied for the arrangement of the prioritized paths with different reliability demands. The experimental results illustrate that the proposed method can effectively allocate the backup paths according to the priority of the reliability requirements. The protection switching time is also considered.
Rotation-invariant and scale-invariant Gabor features for texture image retrieval
Authors: Ju Han, Kai-Kuang Ma
Venue: Image and Vision Computing (2007)

Conventional Gabor representation and its extracted features often yield a fairly poor performance in retrieving the rotated and scaled versions of the texture image under query. To address this issue, existing methods exploit multiple stages of transformations for making rotation and/or scaling being invariant at the expense of high computational complexity and degraded retrieval performance. The latter is mainly due to the lost of image details after multiple transformations. In this paper, a rotation-invariant and a scale-invariant Gabor representations are proposed, where each representation only requires few summations on the conventional Gabor filter impulse responses. The optimum setting of the orientation parameter and scale parameter is experimentally determined over the Brodatz and MPEG-7 texture databases. Features are then extracted from these new representations for conducting rotation-invariant or scale-invariant texture image retrieval. Since the dimension of the new feature space is much reduced, this leads to a much smaller metadata storage space and faster on-line computation on the similarity measurement. Simulation results clearly show that our proposed invariant Gabor representations and their extracted invariant features significantly outperform the conventional Gabor representation approach for rotation-invariant and scale-invariant texture image retrieval.
Shadow identification and classification using invariant color models
Authors: E. Salvador
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2001. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 03 (2001)

A novel approach to shadow detection is presented. The method is based on the use of invariant color models to identify and to classify shadows in digital images. The procedure is divided into two levels: first, shadow candidate regions are extracted; then, by using the invariant color features, shadow candidate pixels are classified as self shadow points or as cast shadow points. The use of invariant color features allows a low complexity of the classification stage. Experimental results show that the method succeeds in detecting and classifying shadows within the environmental constrains assumed as hypotheses, which are less restrictive than state-of-the-art methods with respect to illumination conditions and the scene's layout.
Configuration tools: working together
Authors: Paul Anderson, Edmund Smith
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th conference on Large Installation System Administration Conference - Volume 19 (2005)

Since the LISA conferences began, the character of a typical "large installation" has changed greatly. Most large sites tended to consist of a comparatively small number of handcrafted "servers" supporting a larger number of very similar "clients" (which would usually be configured with the aid of some automatic tool). A modern large site involves a more complex mesh of services, often with demanding requirements for completely automatic reconfiguration of entire services to provide fault-tolerance. As these changes have happened however, the tools available to provide configuration management for a site have not evolved to keep pace with these new challenges. This paper looks at some of the reasons why configuration tools have failed to move forward, and presents some suggestions for enabling the state of the art to advance.
Spoken language variation over time and state in a natural spoken dialog system
Authors: A. L. Gorin
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1999. on 1999 IEEE International Conference - Volume 02 (1999)

We are interested in adaptive spoken dialog systems for automated services. Peoples' spoken language usage varies over time for a fixed task, and furthermore varies depending on the state of the dialog. We characterize and quantify this variation based on a database of 20 K user-transactions with AT&T's experimental 'How May I Help You?' spoken dialog system. We then report on a language adaptation algorithm which was used to train state-dependent ASR language models, experimentally evaluating their improved performance with respect to word accuracy and perplexity.
ALN technology on campus: successes and problems
Authors: E. Kashy
Venue: Proceedings of the 30th Annual Frontiers in Education - Volume 02 (2000)

The implementation of Asynchronous Learning Network (ALN) technology in a large on-campus course over several years is reviewed and recent data are presented. With higher course standards for success, examinations have improved, a larger fraction of students achieve the goals of the class, and the proportion of students who excel has increased. Female students benefit even more than their male counterparts. The level of communication and interaction among students has also increased dramatically, with mostly positive (but some negative) effects. Although considerable progress has been made, the development and testing of educational materials well adapted to the medium remains demanding and costly. More specifically, the paper summarizes the principal results obtained with the use of CAPA (Computer Assisted Personalized Approach) as an ALN tool and presents recent data concerning student performance using this tool. CAPA is a network tool designed to facilitate and improve the way assignments, quizzes, and examinations are provided and graded in large enrollment courses.
On Smart-Care Services: Studies of Visually Impaired Users in Living Contexts
Authors: Ying Liu, Jean Bacon, Roger Wilson-Hinds
Venue: Proceedings of the First International Conference on the Digital Society (2007)

Smart care technology is any sensor based technology used to aid and support human independent living. Such technologies offer new potential and can give rise to new problems for making the technology accessible to users. In this work we focus on integrated services for people with visual impairment. Web based information services have already been adapted for people with varying degrees of disability. What is needed now is a service oriented architecture that integrates information services with smart care technology such as sensor devices that generate data for input, processing, storage and query. The main new challenge we identified here is that users may be living in a perplexing contexture -- a chain of barriers affecting their ability to live independently. Contexts such as mobility dependencies must therefore be recorded and used, indoors and outside. Users should be monitored during their interactions with services, and the meaning of their behaviour inferred in order to refine the services. Moreover, by giving a set of user scenarios, we present a higher level view of users' needs than single service invocation; alternatives and follow-on services might be suggested and previous interactions built upon. Management of the architecture must allow for incorporation of new technology and upgrade of services. Technology for smart care is developing rapidly; its usefulness, and acceptance, requires a dynamic and flexible architecture to support ease of management and use.