ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Learning independent causes in natural images explains the spacevariant oblique effect
Authors: Constantin A. Rothkopf, Thomas H. Weisswange, Jochen Triesch
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE 8th International Conference on Development and Learning (2009)

The efficient coding hypothesis posits that sensory processing increases independence between neural responses to natural stimuli by removing their statistical redundancy reflective of the structure present in the natural environment. While there is consensus on the role of the statistical structure of the physical environment in shaping the natural input to the sensory system, it is not well understood how the sensory apparatus itself and its active use during behavior determine the statistics of the input. To explore this issue, a virtual human agent is simulated navigating through a wooded environment under full control of its gaze allocation during walking. Independent causes for the images obtained during navigation are learned with algorithms that have been shown to extract computationally useful representations similar to those encountered in the primary visual cortex of the mammalian brain. The distributions of properties of the learned simple cell like units are in good agreement with a wealth of data on the visual system including the oblique effect, the meridional effect, properties of neurons in the macaque visual cortex, and functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) data on orientation selectivity in humans and monkeys. Finally, this analysis sheds new light on the discussion on orientation anisotropies based on carpented environments. Thus, when learning computational representations it is not sufficient to consider only the regularities of the environment but also the regularities imposed by the sensory apparatus and its use during behavior need to be taken into account.
Geometric-Aligned Cancelable Fingerprint Templates
Authors: Bian Yang, Christoph Busch, Mohammad Derawi, Patrick Bours, Davrondzhon Gafurov
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing (2009)

A minutiae encryption algorithm based on geometric transformation of minutiae positions is proposed to generate cancelable fingerprint templates. A geometric transformation is used for alignment. A parameter-controlled minutiae encryption is performed within a local area to generate a cancelable minutiae template, and then all local encryption results are superimposed to form a protected template. Parameters to control the minutiae encryption are generated independent of the geometric-aligned minutiae, which ensures solid non-invertibility compared to those cancelable template generating algorithms with to-be-encrypted minutiae information as parameters.
Implementation of Clustering Algorithm Using Artificial Immune System
Authors: Li lan, Rong Qiao-mei
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 First International Workshop on Database Technology and Applications (2009)

In this paper, a clustering algorithm based on the immune mechanism of the capture of antigen by the antibody has been presented. The datum to be clustered are viewed as antigens,and the cluster centers are viewed as the antibodies in the immune system. The clustering is effectively the process in which the immune system constantly generates antibodies for the recognition of the antigens and finally generates the optimal antibodies for the capture of the antigens. The experimental results show that the algorithm can successfully be applied to the data clustering.
Building a commercial OWL reasoner with Lisp
Authors: Ralf Möller
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 International Lisp Conference (2007)

This presentation describes the functionality of the RacerPro OWL reasoner. Then, in order to demonstrate the power of Lisp technology through available software components, it describes the architecture of RacerPro in terms of its main components, as well as in its use of specific Common Lisp concepts such as, e.g., 'closure's for backtracking in the core reasoner, 'advise' for RacerPro-specific tracing facilities, and compiler-specific tail-call optimizations for saving stack space. Next, the core data structures used in the implementation are investigated to suggest possibilities for extensions to Common Lisp that could help in making Lisp the first choice for reasoner implementation. The conclusion evaluates current deployment possibilities for commercial Lisp-based applications.
Turning Inductive into Equational Specifications
Authors: Stefan Berghofer, Lukas Bulwahn, Florian Haftmann
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Theorem Proving in Higher Order Logics (2009)

Inductively defined predicates are frequently used in formal specifications. Using the theorem prover Isabelle, we describe an approach to turn a class of systems of inductively defined predicates into a system of equations using data flow analysis; the translation is carried out inside the logic and resulting equations can be turned into functional program code in SML, OCaml or Haskell using the existing code generator of Isabelle. Thus we extend the scope of code generation in Isabelle from functional to functional-logic programs while leaving the trusted foundations of code generation itself intact.
What's informatics at Indiana University?
Authors: James Shea
Venue: Proceedings of the 27th ACM international conference on Design of communication (2009)

This Indiana University School of Informatics was the first of its kind in the United States (2000). It includes programs in Bloomington and at IUPUI in Indianapolis. The School has developed a unique undergraduate curriculum that allows students to combine an interest in information technology and computing with another academic discipline of their choice. The School offers the first-ever PhD in Informatics as well as a number of professional masters degree programs. The School's faculty represent a range of disciplines and specialties which provides a wide range of research opportunities.
Research on Mobile GIS Based for Information Collection
Authors: Chen Feixiang, Zhao Ming, Qi Jiandong, Jiang Xiaoru
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Forum on Information Technology and Applications - Volume 01 (2009)

With the rapid development of GIS, embedded technology and wireless communication technology, mobile GIS becomes an active research area in the field of GIS. Mobile computing system based on personal digital assistant (PDA) products has been used widely, and information collection is one of the most promising application directions of mobile GIS. The purpose of the paper is to propose a solution of mobile GIS for information collection by studying the difference between PDA and traditional desktop computer. The main contributions include a novel new system architecture and detailed function of each component. Besides, the method of data organization, the visualization of digital maps, spatial data compression, spatial data index, and spatial data transmitting by wireless networks are presented. Based on our strategy, a practical system is developed to prove the validity of our strategy. Experimental results demonstrate our strategy can meet the actual need of the visualization, querying, editing, analyzing and transmitting of spatial information satisfyingly.
Modeling Multimodal Interaction for Performance Evaluation
Authors: Emile Verdurand, Gilles Coppin, Franck Poirier, Olivier Grisvard
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Part II: Novel Interaction Methods and Techniques (2009)

When designing multimodal systems, the designer faces the problem of the choice of modalities to optimize the system usability. Based on modeling at a high level of abstraction, we propose an evaluation of this choice during the design phase, using a multi-criteria principle. The evaluation focuses on several points of view simultaneously, weighted according to the environment and the nature of the task. It relies on measures estimating the adequacies between the elements involved in the interaction. These measures arise from a fine decomposition of the interaction modalities.
Functional Equivalence Verification Tools in High-Level Synthesis Flows
Authors: Anmol Mathur, Masahiro Fujita, Edmund Clarke, Pascal Urard
Venue: IEEE Design Test (2009)

Editor's note:High-level synthesis facilitates the use of formal verification methodologies that check the equivalence of the generated RTL model against the original source specification. The article provides an overview of sequential equivalence checking techniques, its challenges, and successes in real-world designs.&#x2014;Andres Takach, Mentor Graphics
Research of Automobile Speed Measuring System Based on Linear CCD
Authors: Yu Guangping, Xie Yangen
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 IITA International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems Engineering (case 2009) (2009)

Abstract—One automobile speed measuring system based on linear CCD is designed. The linear CCD is the front detecting device, and the MCU processed the CCD output signal using the edge identification arithmetic to achieve automobile accurate localizing on one moment. In this way, the automobile speed can be measured accurately on slope. In this article, the architecture and principle of CCD have been elaborated in detail, one timing sequence driving design method of linear CCD based on the CPLD chip of EPM7128 is described, while the principle and composition of the speed measuring system are introduced as well. Through experiments, the speed measuring range of the system is 5m/h~160km/h and the error is less than 0.5km/h. Right now this system has already been successfully used as an examine system for drivers driving with a ramp. It has been proved that it is accurate with sensitive responsiveness.
The future of computer-aided innovation
Authors: Noel Leon
Venue: Computers in Industry (2009)

A new category of tools known as CAI (computer-aided innovation) is an emerging domain in the array of computer-aided technologies. CAI has been growing as a response to greater industry demands for reliability in new products. Some initial CAI ideas and concepts focused on assisting product designers in the early stage of the design process, but now a more comprehensive vision conceives CAI systems as beginning at the fuzzy front end of perceiving business opportunities and customer demands, then continuing during the creative stage in developing inventions and, further on, providing help up to the point of turning inventions into successful innovations in the marketplace. CAI methods and tools are partially inspired by Innovation Theories, such as TRIZ, QFD (Quality Function Development), Axiomatic Design, Synectics, General Theory of Innovation, Mind Mapping, Brain Storming, Lateral Thinking, and Kansei Engineering, among others. The goal of these new CAI tools under development is to assist innovators, inventors, designers, process developers and managers in their creative performance, with the expectation of changes in paradigms through the use of this new category of software tools. CAI, therefore, stands out as a departure from the usual trends. The latest approaches are presented and analyzed to derive conclusions regarding the present status and the future of these emerging tools.
A Real-Time Evaluation Method Based on Cloud Model for Flood Disaster
Authors: Weiping Deng, Jianzhong Zhou, Xiaoling Yang, Yongchuan Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Environmental Science and Information Application Technology - Volume 03 (2009)

The accuracy and the real-time of the flood disaster evaluation are significant to the disaster rescue measures. However, it’s difficult to obtain accurate value of flood assessment factor because of the restrictions of objective conditions, which increases the difficulties of real-time evaluation. The traditional assessment methods have some limitations to some extent. In order to improve the time efficiency of evaluation, a method based on cloud model is proposed in this paper, which can fuzzily and quickly evaluate under the conditions of having no accurate value but some fuzzy reviews of factors. Firstly, the reviews grading model and the corresponding score model of each assessment factor are constituted. Then according to the uncertain reasoning regulations of the cloud model, the fuzzy reviews are quantified to accurate value so that the quantitative analysis of flood disaster loss can be finished quickly. Lastly, based on the qualitative and quantitative mapping nature of the cloud generator, the final composite score can be qualitatively re-evaluated to some disaster grade. This paper puts forward a new method for quick flood disaster evaluation, which is proved to be efficient after comparing the experimental results with composite index computation method.
Infinite-Time Turing Machines and Borel Reducibility
Authors: Samuel Coskey
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th Conference on Computability in Europe: Mathematical Theory and Computational Practice (2009)

In this document I will outline a couple of recent developments, due to Joel Hamkins, Philip Welch and myself, in the theory of infinite-time Turing machines. These results were obtained with the idea of extending the scope of the study of Borel equivalence relations, an area of descriptive set theory. I will introduce the most basic aspects of Borel equivalence relations, and show how infinite-time computation may provide insight into this area. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
A Hybrid Branch-and-Bound Strategy for Hardware/Software Partitioning
Authors: Wu Jigang, Baofang Chang, Thambipillai Srikanthan
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Eigth IEEE/ACIS International Conference on Computer and Information Science (2009)

This paper proposes a hybrid branch and bound strategy based on global best-first (GBF) scheme and local best-first (LBF) scheme.The proposed hybrid approach not only inherits the merit of GBF that produces fewer expanded nodes but also significantly reduces the search space of GBF, and thus it efficiently overcomes the blind search of the LBF scheme. A new data structure called string-queue is also proposed specially for the implementation of the selection rule and elimination rule in the branch and bound search. The properties of the hybrid approach are tested by computational experiments in hardware/software partitioning problem which is known to be NP-hard. Experimental results show that, the search space can be significantly reduced by the hybrid algorithm and the number of expanded nodes keeps less increase, when the hybrid frequency and the number of expanded nodes are properly chosen in its initial stage. As a result, the proposed hybrid framework successfully enhances the problem-solving capacity over the traditional branch-and-bound algorithm.
Three-Dimensional Medical CT Image Reconstruction
Authors: Hongjian Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation - Volume 01 (2009)

In this paper, it is provided to reconstruct three dimensional(3D) models of human body by using CT slices and digital images and precisely finding locations of pathological formations such as tumours.3D image CT reconstruction is an attractive field generally in digital image processing techniques, especially in biomedical imaging. It has been strongly developed and practically implemented in almost every modern tomographical modalities but there are many problems which still remain unresolved or can be improved. A project in such area has been alternatively developed in order to master mentioned technology and to develop domestic products partially substituted for very expensive imported facilities and softwares. This paper introduces the implementing fundamental problems in 3D medical image reconstruction for medical imaging such as Marching Cubes（MC） algorithms, usual rendering technique, etc. and designing a software for reconstructing 3D image from a set of CT images, which was built on VTK (Visualization Toolkit) and Visual C++. The result show that the reconstruction program can help to reconstruct series of 2D segmented binary images and display the 3D image of the target object.
Feature Extraction Based on Mixture Probabilistic Kernel Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Zhao Huibo, Pan Quan, Cheng Yongmei
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Forum on Information Technology and Applications - Volume 03 (2009)

Feature extraction of training samples and testing samples face the problem of the high non-linear by complexity of the distribution of the samples. In contrast to linear PCA, KPCA is capable of capturing part of the higher-order statistics which are particularly important for encoding image structure. The Probabilistic kernel principal component analysis (PKPCA), defines PPCA probability model by non-linear mapping in the high-dimensional feature space. This paper presents the mix model of the probability of kernel principal component analysis (MPKPCA) method, which adopt a non-linear mapping to make the data from low-dimensional space to the high-dimensional kernel space, in kernel space, using the mixed probability principal component analysis (MPPCA), it combines the advantages of kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) and MPPCA characteristics. Experimental results under complex scenery demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is feasibility and effectiveness.
Configuring and enhancing measurement systems for damage identification
Authors: Prakash Kripakaran, Ian. F. C. Smith
Venue: Advanced Engineering Informatics (2009)

Engineers often decide to measure structures upon signs of damage to determine its extent and its location. Measurement locations, sensor types and numbers of sensors are selected based on judgment and experience. Rational and systematic methods for evaluating structural performance can help make better decisions. This paper proposes strategies for supporting two measurement tasks related to structural health monitoring - (1) installing an initial measurement system and (2) enhancing measurement systems for subsequent measurements once data interpretation has occurred. The strategies are based on previous research into system identification using multiple models. A global optimization approach is used to design the initial measurement system. Then a greedy strategy is used to select measurement locations with maximum entropy among candidate model predictions. Two bridges are used to illustrate the proposed methodology. First, a railway truss bridge in Zangenberg, Germany, is examined. For illustration purposes, the model space is reduced by assuming only a few types of possible damage in the truss bridge. The approach is then applied to the Schwandbach bridge in Switzerland, where a broad set of damage scenarios is evaluated. For the truss bridge, the approach correctly identifies the damage that represents the behaviour of the structure. For the Schwandbach bridge, the approach is able to significantly reduce the number of candidate models. Values of candidate model parameters are also useful for planning inspection and eventual repair.
Nonlinearity Correction of the Thermocouple Based on Neural Network
Authors: Jianwen Tang, Yong Zhang, Xiaojun Tang, Junhua Liu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 WRI Global Congress on Intelligent Systems - Volume 03 (2009)

Thermocouples are widely used in the industrial measurement. However they have serious nonlinear problems in the larger range of measuring temperature, and result in the big error in the measuring results. Taking nickel chromium-Silicon nickel thermocouple (Type K) as an example, BP（Back Propagation）neural network technology was used to conduct corrections on the nonlinear input and output characteristics of the thermocouple. The C program on the nonlinearity correction model of the thermocouple was given and could be used in MCU (Micro Controller Unit).
Scalable Near-Optimal Recursive Structure from Motion
Authors: Adel Fakih, John Zelek
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Canadian Conference on Computer and Robot Vision (2009)

Rao-BlackWellized particle filters have achieved a breakthrough in the scalability of filters used for Structure from Motion (SFM) and Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM). The new generations of these filters employ as proposal distribution the optimal \emph{importance function} i.e, the one taking into consideration not only the previous motion of the camera, but also the most recent measurement. However the way they sample from this importance function is not optimal since the locations of 3-d features are updated using a motion predicted only from the previous state. This results in a performance lower than the Extended Kalman Filters (EKF)s. We propose in this paper an approach that bears similarity with the Random Sample Consensus (RANSAC) paradigm and that enables us to sample more efficiently from the optimal importance function. It allows us to update the depth based on a motion updated using information from the most recent image and hence the updated samples would have a higher chance to be in regions corresponding to high posterior probability. This results in a performance equal to the performance of the EKF with much higher scalability. Also, our samples being generated and updated based on random sampling of the features, this provides an improved robustness to outliers.
Treating Domestic Sewage by Using CASS Technique
Authors: Jing Li, Xinran Peng, Shuyan Ma, Yang Yang, Xue Han, Luming Liu, Ying Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Environmental Science and Information Application Technology - Volume 01 (2009)

The CASS technique was adopted for researching on the treatment of Domestic Sewage. The results showed that, in the stable operation phase of the test and under the conditions of setting operation parameters, the average removal rates of CODcr, BOD5, NH4-N, and TP were respectively 91.7%, 92.2%, 89.5% and 91.09%. The sludge remains highly active, and it had stable biofacies. Effluent quality met the requirements of the GB 18918-2002 Standard for Discharge of Pollutants from Sewage Treatment Works in Towns and Cities IB.
Action Rules Discovery Based on Tree Classifiers and Meta-actions
Authors: Zbigniew W. Raś, Agnieszka Dardzińska
Venue: Proceedings of the 18th International Symposium on Foundations of Intelligent Systems (2009)

Action rules describe possible transitions of objects from one state to another with respect to a distinguished attribute. Early research on action rule discovery usually required the extraction of classification rules before constructing any action rule. Newest algorithms discover action rules directly from a decision system. To our knowledge, all these algorithms assume that all attributes are symbolic or require prior discretization of all numerical attributes. This paper presents a new approach for generating action rules from datasets with numerical attributes by incorporating a tree classifier and a pruning step based on meta-actions. Meta-actions are seen as a higher-level knowledge (provided by experts) about correlations between different attributes.
Function Decomposition Model Based on Quotient Space
Authors: Hong-Bin Miao
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 WRI Global Congress on Intelligent Systems - Volume 03 (2009)

The key of the conceptual design is a function problem. This paper makes a study of function decomposition and establishes a new mathematics model of function decomposition based on granularity transform theory. Every hierarchy of function decomposition is considered granularity space. So function decomposition is regarded as mapping from coarse-grained space to fine-grained space. Therefore, this paper adopts grain space model to represent the process of function decomposition and establishes mathematics model of the process. The model can help realize the computerization of function decomposition in conceptual design.