ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Real-time automatic vehicle management system using vehicle tracking and car plate number identification
Authors: Hwajeong Lee, Daehwan Kim, Daijin Kim
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 International Conference on Multimedia and Expo - Volume 1 (2003)

This paper proposes a real-time vehicle management system using a vehicle tracking and a car plate number identification technique. The system uses two cameras: one for tracking vehicles and another for capturing LP (license plate). We track the vehicles by applying the CONDENSATION algorithm over the vehicle's movement image captured from the first camera. To render the CONDENSATION algorithm more effective, we build a discrete vehicle shape model by training vehicle patterns with a SOM (self organizing map), which makes the system suitable for real-time application. Next, we take the probabilistic dynamic model such as HMM (hidden Markov model) to reflect the temporal change in shape of various vehicles. As a vehicle reaches the designated target line, a signal is sent to the second camera for capturing the vehicle's front side. The captured image is transferred to an LPR (vehicle LP recognition system) which recognizes the vehicle's category and LP. LPR system detects the vehicle LP using the only the vertical edge of the captured vehicle image, and effectively accomplishes the character segmentation of the LP region using the geometric transformation without respect to the position and angle of the CCD camera. The segmented characters are recognized using the SVM (support vector machine). By combining these two techniques, we construct a real-time automatic vehicle management system that can be used to control vehicle parking and searching for specific vehicles.
A module-based wireless node for NS-2
Authors: Laurent Paquereau, Bjarne E. Helvik
Venue: Proceeding from the 2006 workshop on ns-2: the IP network simulator (2006)

Over the last decade an extraordinary amount of research work at all layers of the network stack has focused on wireless and mobile networks, e.g. wireless local area networks (WLAN), in parallel with their wide acceptance as access technologies. Simulation has been used massively to develop, test and compare new ideas and protocols tailored for such networks and ns-2 has been the most used network simulator for these studies. However, the support for wireless and mobile networking in ns-2 is monolithic and not entirely consistent with basic design principles so that it becomes now a burden for making the simulator evolve. It makes it tedious, if not impossible, to support new features such as multiple wireless interfaces. To overcome the current limitations, the MobileNode object itself is questioned and a new, more flexible and better integrated layout of existing components to support wireless and mobile networking using modules (MW-Node) is presented.
Trajectory tracking control for uninhabited air vehicles
Authors: WANG Haitao, GAO Jinyuan
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Inteligence for Modelling Control and Automation and International Conference on Intelligent Agents Web Technologies and International Commerce (2006)

In this paper a simplified control system framework is presented to solve maneuvering trajectory tracking problem of uninhabited air vehicles. The flight control system is divided into three subsystems including command generation, transformation and allocation. According to the kinematics equations of the aircraft, flight path angle commands can be generated by desired 3D position from path planning. These commands are transformed to body angular rates through direct nonlinear mapping, which is simpler than common multi-loop method based on time scale separation assumption. Then, by using weighted pseudo-inverse method, the control surface deflections are allocated to follow body angular rates from the previous step. Additionally, an on-line multilayer neural network is used to provide robustness to the uncertainty of system. Numerical simulation results show the viability of this approach.
The Bipartite Network Based Growth Mechanisms of Complex Company Competitive Relationship Networks
Authors: Dong Zhuang, Jianmei Yang, Xiangdong Pan, Weiliang Tang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Services Computing (2006)

Prominent scale-free distributions of competitive relationships are observed in some empirical studies on some complex company competitive relationship networks (CRNs). To uncover the driving forces of these properties, the company-product bipartite network model, which is the prototype of CRN, is used to depict the dynamics of industries. The growth mechanisms of the network model based on the industry-specific traits are helpful in understanding the different properties of CRNs between industries. A simplified simulation implies that the structural properties of CRNs can be different among industries and may alter at different life cycle stages of an industry.
A Pragmatic and Musically Pleasing Production System for Sonic Events
Authors: Marc Conrad, Tim French, Marcia Gibson
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on Information Visualization (2006)

We describe a novel application for sonic events namely their generation via mathematical functions implemented on a universal all purpose Java platform. Their design is driven by a set of requirements that arise in recognition-based authentication systems. We show that our approach has potential advantages as compared with traditional alphanumeric and other password systems. Our intention is to demonstrate that by leveraging familiar musical dimension and aesthetics human memorability, pleasure and pragmatics are enhanced. We demonstrate and briefly discuss one exemplar generative approach that has been specifically designed in order to fulfill the requirements implied by authentication systems. It is hoped that this work serves to stimulate debate and further activity in the field of computer generated sonics..
A Technique for Large Automated Mechanism Design Problems
Authors: Frederick Asselin, Brigitte Jaumard, Antoine Nongaillard
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE/WIC/ACM international conference on Intelligent Agent Technology (2006)

Automated mechanism design (AMD) seeks to find, using algorithms, the optimal rules of interaction (a mechanism) between selfish and rational agents in order to get the best outcome. Here optimal is defined by the objective function of the designer of the mechanism where the function has usually some desirable properties (e.g., Pareto optimal). A difficulty with AMD lies in the size of the optimization problem that one needs to solve in order to select the best mechanism: there is a huge number of variables (and constraints but to a lesser extent) even for AMD instances of relatively small size. We study how to adapt the column generation techniques in order to solve the linear programming LP formulation of the AMD problem and compare its efficiency with the classical simplex algorithm for linear programs, on a bartering of goods example. We show that the resulting column generation algorithm is very quickly faster than the simplex algorithm for a fixed number of types (i.e., preference relations) on the goods as the number of goods increases, and then for a fixed number of goods as the number of types increases. Moreover, we show that, as the number of goods increases, the percentage of variables that need to be explicitly considered by the column generation techniques comes down very fast while the simplex algorithm must always consider explicitly all variables.
Learning to See Biological Motion: Brain Activity Parallels Behavior
Authors: Emily D. Grossman, Randolph Blake, Chai-Youn Kim
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2004)

Individuals improve with practice on a variety of perceptual tasks, presumably reflecting plasticity in underlying neural mechanisms. We trained observers to discriminate biological motion from scrambled (nonbiological) motion and examined whether the resulting improvement in perceptual performance was accompanied by changes in activation within the posterior superior temporal sulcus and the fusiform ''face area,'' brain areas involved in perception of biological events. With daily practice, initially naive observers became more proficient at discriminating biological from scrambled animations embedded in an array of dynamic ''noise'' dots, with the extent of improvement varying among observers. Learning generalized to animations never seen before, indicating that observers had not simply memorized specific exemplars. In the same observers, neural activity prior to and following training was measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Neural activity within the posterior superior temporal sulcus and the fusiform ''face area'' reflected the participants' learning: BOLD signals were significantly larger after training in response both to animations experienced during training and to novel animations. The degree of learning was positively correlated with the amplitude changes in BOLD signals.
DIJA PROJECT: Forging Preforms Design Using Trade Knowledge
Authors: Etienne Brosse, Yvon Gardan, Estelle Perrin
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on Geometric Modeling and Imaging: New Trends (2006)

In this paper, we present a new method dedicated to hot forging. We show how to supply automatically the three-dimensional preforms sequence from the rough product. Our method uses a methodology coming from French forging industries. In particular, it implements rules and know-how related to this trade. We present the main steps of this method which are relative to form feature extraction, to knowledge representation, and to geometrical concerns .But, in this study, we only focus on our bi-dimensional outlines representation and how hot forging know-how is using on it. An industrial casestudy is developed that validates our concepts and this case-study has been approved by local blacksmiths.
Implementation of Agent-based Ontology Mapping and Integration
Authors: Li Li, Yun Yang, Baolin Wu
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on e-Business Engineering (2006)

The achievement of some business goals requires more than individual capabilities and knowledge. Hence, it is necessary for different organisations to work together in order to achieve the goals. In this paper, an innovative agentbased architecture is developed to model ontology mapping and integration in a distributed and dynamic business environment where interactions among organisations may take place at unpredictable times, for unpredictable reasons, and between unpredictable organisations. Functionalities and implementation of involved agents are discussed. In addition, a three-layer user ontologies are introduced. Finally, demonstrations of ontology mapping and integration are presented.
Problem-based learning meets case-based reasoning
Authors: Janet L. Kolodner, Cindy E. Hmelo, N. Hari Narayanan
Venue: Proceedings of the 1996 international conference on Learning sciences (1996)

The modern education community agrees that deep and effective learning is best promoted by situating learning in authentic activity. Many in the education community have put in place constructivist classroom practices that put students into situations where they must make hypotheses, collect data, and determine which data to use in the process of solving a problem or participating in some kind of realistic analysis or investigation. Research in case-based reasoning (CBR), which provides a plausible model of learning from problem solving situations, makes suggestions about education that are consistent with these educational theories and methodologies and which can provide added concreteness and detail. In this paper, we show how CBR's suggestions can enhance problem-based learning (PBL), which is already a well-worked-out and successful approach to education. The computational accounts CBR provides of reasoning activities, especially of knowledge access, access to old experiences (cases), and use of old experiences in reasoning, suggest guidelines about materials that should be made available as resources, the kinds of reflection that will promote transfer, qualities of good problems, qualities of the environment in which problems are solved (e.g., affordances for feedback), and sequencing a curriculum. The two approaches complement each other well, and together, we believe they provide a powerful foundation for educational practice in the constructivist tradition, one that at once combines lessons learned from classroom practice with sound cognitive theory.
Optimizing Major Release Frequency Using Agile Practices
Authors: Mara Yale
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on AGILE 2006 (2006)

My experience report focuses on the Image Processing Toolbox story, how we transitioned to agile practices to address the problem of needing more frequent major releases of our shrink-wrapped product, and how we have continually adapted our processes in the context of an evolving business environment. Over the last three major releases of the product, we have evolved from being primarily scopedriven to finely balancing scope and schedule over the entire span of the release. The most recent major release was planned to be diversified in scope and was delivered right on its planned schedule, fifteen months after the previous major release.
Fast minimum variance resampling
Authors: T. F. Brennan, P. H. Milenkovic
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1995. on International Conference - Volume 02 (1995)

A novel method is introduced for resampling irregularly sampled data in the presence of noise. The estimator is minimum variance (MV) and minimum mean square error, under Gaussian assumptions, and well-conditioned in general. The Shannon-Whittaker sampling theorem is generalized to use raised cosine pulses as basis functions. It is shown that this generalization permits fast estimation with O(N) computational requirements for mildly oversampled signals (bandwidth less than 0.9 B/sub N/, where B/sub N/ is the Nyquist bandwidth of the resampled data). Also, some extensions of the inverse estimator and its error characteristics are discussed.
A reference architecture for instructional educational software
Authors: Janelle Pollard, Roger Duke
Venue: Proceedings of the 2005 South East Asia Regional Computer Science Confederation (SEARCC) Conference - Volume 46 (2005)

Our extensive research has indicated that high-school teachers are reluctant to make use of existing instructional educational software (Pollard, 2005). Even software developed in a partnership between a teacher and a software engineer is unlikely to be adopted by teachers outside the partnership (Pollard, 2005). In this paper we address these issues directly by adopting a reusable architectural design for instructional educational software which allows easy customisation of software to meet the specific needs of individual teachers. By doing this we will facilitate more teachers regularly using instructional technology within their classrooms.Our domain-specific software architecture, Interface-Activities-Model, was designed specifically to facilitate individual customisation by redefining and restructuring what constitutes an object so that they can be readily reused or extended as required. The key to this architecture is the way in which the software is broken into small generic encapsulated components with minimal domain specific behaviour. The domain specific behaviour is decoupled from the interface and encapsulated in objects which relate to the instructional material through tasks and activities. The domain model is also broken into two distinct models - Application State Model and Domain-specific Data Model. This decoupling and distribution of control gives the software designer enormous flexibility in modifying components without affecting other sections of the design.This paper sets the context of this architecture, describes it in detail, and applies it to an actual application developed to teach high-school mathematical concepts.
EEG dipole localization bounds for head models with parameter uncertainties
Authors: B. Radich, K. M. Buckley
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing,1994. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 04 (1994)

The Cramer-Rao bound for unbiased location estimation of multiple current dipoles is derived under the assumption of a general head model parameterized by a combination of deterministic and stochastic parameters. The expression (also applicable to MEG) thus characterizes fundamental limits on EEG localization performance due to the effects of both statistical measurement noise and model uncertainty.
Using an online community of practice to foster inquiry as pedagogy amongst student teachers
Authors: Oliver Dreon,  Jr, Scott P. McDonald
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Learning sciences (2006)

Research has shown how individual components of an online environment such as blogging or discussion boards can be effective tools with learners and preservice teachers. This study examines how an integrated, comprehensive online environment can be used as a component of a community of practice to develop student teachers' conceptions of inquiry as science pedagogy. The community of practice studied was unique being comprised of highly-experienced teachers that are all engaged in doctoral level science education research. The online environment was used by entire community to reflect and communicate about the theory and practice of inquiry science pedagogy. Student teachers' conceptions of inquiry science pedagogy were studied via data collected through the online environment (student teachers' online journals, posts to threaded discussions, and usage patterns).
A Core Plug and Play Architecture for Reusable Flight Software Systems
Authors: Jonathan Wilmot
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE International Conference on Space Mission Challenges for Information Technology (2006)

The Flight Software Branch, at Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), has been working on a run-time approach to facilitate a formal software reuse process. The reuse process is designed to enable rapid development and integration of high-quality software systems and to more accurately predict development costs and schedule. Previous reuse practices have been somewhat successful when the same teams are moved from project to project. But this typically requires taking the software system in an all-or-nothing approach where useful components cannot be easily extracted from the whole. As a result, the system is less flexible and scalable with limited applicability to new projects. This paper will focus on the rationale behind, and implementation of, the run-time executive. This executive is the core for the component-based flight software commonality and reuse process adopted at Goddard.
Visualising Collaboration via Email: Finding the Key Players
Authors: Onn Azraai Puade, Theodor G. Wyeld
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on Information Visualization (2006)

Email is an important form of asynchronous communication. Visualizing analyses of email communication patterns during a collaborative activity help us better understand the nature of collaboration, and identify the key players. By analysing the contents of email communication and adding reflective comments on its perceived importance from the participants of a collaboration new information can be gleaned not immediately obvious in its original flat form. This paper outlines a proof-of-concept prototype collaborative email visualisation schema. Data from a collaboration case study is analysed and subsequently employed to construct a display of the relative impact of both key players and the types of email used.
A closed-form least squares solution to the discrete frequency domain design problem of two-dimensional FIR filters
Authors: M. T. Hanna
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1995. on International Conference - Volume 02 (1995)

Based on a discrete frequency domain formulation of the design problem of two-dimensional FIR filters, a closed form expression is derived for the matrix of filter coefficients without imposing any assumptions of having a symmetric, antisymmetric or zero-phase frequency response. The matrix in question is derived by minimizing the Frobenius norm of the difference between the matrices of the actual and ideal frequency responses at the points of a frequency grid. The method has the advantages of conceptual and computational simplicity.
Comparison of downlink power allocation mechanisms in soft handoff for the WCDMA system with heterogeneous cell structures
Authors: Ching-Yu Liao, Li-Chun Wang, Chung-Ju Chang
Venue: Wireless Networks (2005)

Handoff in heterogeneous cellular networks is one of the hot topics for wireless networks beyond the third generation. We observe that a power exhausting issue may occur in a code division multiple access (CDMA) system with mixed-sized cells. During soft handoff in the downlink transmission, a number of base stations transmit signals to a user simultaneously. Usually, a microcell has a more stringent limitation on the total available power than a macrocell. Thus, ignoring the impact of various cell sizes, the traditional downlink power allocation techniques for soft handoff may easily consume excessive power to serve soft handoff users, while leaving insufficient power for serving other regular users.To resolve such an power exhausting issue in CDMA systems, we investigate different downlink power allocation techniques used in soft handoff subject to the impact of mixed-sized cells. For the single-site power allocation technique we consider the site selection diversity transmission (SSDT) technique, while for the multi-site power allocation we study the link proportional power allocation (LPPA), the quality balancing power allocation (QBPA), and the equal power allocation (EPA) techniques. We find that the multi-site LPPA technique can more efficiently allocate power to both handoff and non-handoff users than others. In an example with the ratio of the micrcocell radius/macrocell radius equal to 1/3, it is demonstrated that LPPA can improve the capacity over EPA, QBPA, and SSDT by 125, 30, and 5%, respectively. By taking account of measurement errors in the same case, the capacity improvements of LPPA over EPA, QBPA, and SSDT become 180, 41, and 23%, respectively.
Fuzzy Similarity from Conceptual Relations
Authors: Ling Song, Jun Ma, Li Lian, Zhumin Chen
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Services Computing (2006)

Semantic similarity between concepts supported by the use of ontology plays a prominent role in the concept of the semantic level to provide semantic information for web services discovery and composition. In this work we consider ontology as knowledge structure that specifies concepts and their semantic relations. And we propose a fuzzy similarity measure for not only atomic concepts with inclusion relation but also complex concepts with semantic relation. This fuzzy similarity measure has property of weak fuzzy similarity relation, which conquers existing limitations of equivalence relation. Furthermore, this fuzzy similarity measure based on shared information content could reflect latent semantic relation of concepts better than ever.