ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Applications of signal processing to conformal radiation therapy dose optimization
Authors: C. F. Buman
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 06 (2000)

The delivery of the proper dose of radiation to a tumor volume without causing irreparable damage to healthy tissue and critical organs is paramount in radiation therapy. With the development of the multi-leaf collimator (MLC) a new type of conformal radiation therapy, known as intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), was developed and deployed in a number of clinics around the world. The inverse optimization parallelism to the solution is the approach taken in IMRT and in this paper, where the optimality is based on the minimization of a cost function depending on the difference between the prescribed and the delivered dose. Until recently, Bayesian techniques have been used to solve this problem. Here we investigate and implement two new cost functions frequently used in signal processing community as part of the dose optimization. A simulation model was developed and tested using both phantom data and CT scan results from two patients with encouraging results.
Precise Positioning of Binocular Eye-to-Hand Robotic Manipulators
Authors: Wen-Chung Chang
Venue: Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems (2007)

This article addresses the visual servoing of a rigid robotic manipulator equipped with a binocular vision system in eye-to-hand configuration. The control goal is to move the robot end-effector to a visually determined target position precisely without knowing the precise camera model. Many vision-based robotic positioning systems have been successfully implemented and validated by supporting experimental results. Nevertheless, this research aims at providing stability analysis for a class of robotic set-point control systems employing image-based feedback laws. Specifically, by exploring epipolar geometry of the binocular vision system, a binocular visual constraint is found to assist in establishing stability property of the feedback system. Any three-degree-of-freedom positioning task, if satisfying appropriate conditions with the image-based encoding approach, can be encoded in such a way that the encoded error, when driven to zero, implies that the original task has been accomplished with precision. The corresponding image-based control law is proposed to drive the encoded error to zero. The overall closed-loop system is exponentially stable provided that the binocular model imprecision is small.
Improving the performance of V-VLAST with STTC
Authors: Yue Wu, Yi Yang, Xinmin Luo
Venue: Proceedings of the The 8th International Conference on Communication Systems - Volume 01 (2002)

We propose an improved Vertical-Bell Labs layered space-time (V-BLAST) architecture by introducing space-time trellis codes (STTC) into each layer of the V-BLAST system. Multiple transmit antennas are used in each layer of this system and STTC is employed to introduce temporal and spatial correlation into signals transmitted. At the receiver, we use group interference suppression to reduce decoding complexity dramatically. This system performs much better than traditional V-BLAST system and meanwhile has comparatively low decoding complexity.
TRON: process-specific file protection for the UNIX operating system
Authors: Andrew Berman, Virgil Bourassa, Erik Selberg
Venue: Proceedings of the USENIX 1995 Technical Conference Proceedings on USENIX 1995 Technical Conference Proceedings (1995)

The file protection mechanism provided in UNIX is insufficient for current computing environments. While the UNIX file protection system attempts to protect users from attacks by other users, it does not directly address the agents of destruction-executing processes. As computing environments become more interconnected and interdependent, there is increasing pressure and opportunity for users to acquire and test non-secure, and possibly malicious, software. We introduce TRON, a process-level discretionary access control system for UNIX. TRON allows users to specify capabilities for a process' access to individual files, directories, and directory trees. These capabilities are enforced by system call wrappers compiled into the operating system kernel. No privileged system calls, special files, system administrator intervention, or changes to the file system are required. Existing UNIX programs can be run without recompilation under TRON-enhanced UNIX. Thus, TRON improves UNIX security while maintaining current standards of flexibility and openness.
Computer-enhanced curriculum for new york city independent school teachers: a study of the factors that influence practical applications
Authors: Robert Mcclintock
Venue:  (2006)

This dissertation reports on a comparative case study of three independent school teachers in New York City who attempted to achieve a short-term technological objective that they agreed upon collaboratively with the researcher. The study examined the quantity and quality of implementation in order to gain a better insight on how to help teachers integrate technology more effectively. While the objectives were diverse, the subjects experienced different degrees of success based on a combination of five primary factors: school culture and technology use, existing teacher skill sets, time constraints, the characteristics of the student population the teachers were serving and nature of the task. The analysis of data suggested that effective integration transcends procedural mastery, indicating that the teacher has to have a clear sense of how the technology is enhancing the curriculum and what specific role it is playing. The aforementioned five items were found to be common constraints when examining this area.
Audio object coding for distributed audio data management applications
Authors: K. Melih, R. Gonzalez
Venue: Proceedings of the The 8th International Conference on Communication Systems - Volume 02 (2002)

The now ubiquitous WWW provides ready access to a plethora of MM data. However, the MM information management facilities of the WWW are little better than those that are several decades old. The audio domain in particular has received little attention in this area. The authors have addressed this oversight by developing a structured audio representation based on "audio objects", allowing more useful access than traditional methods. The representation has also been designed for the demands of a networked world where efficient transmission capabilities are a priority. is paper describes how the decomposition of audio into objects can be exploited for compression gain.
Self-stabilizing algorithm for checkpointing in a distributed system
Authors: Partha Sarathi Mandal, Krishnendu Mukhopadhyaya
Venue: Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing (2007)

If the variables used for a checkpointing algorithm have data faults, the existing checkpointing and recovery algorithms may fail. In this paper, self-stabilizing data fault detecting and correcting, checkpointing, and recovery algorithms are proposed in a ring topology. The proposed data fault detection and correction algorithms can handle data faults; at most one per process, but in any number of processes. The proposed checkpointing algorithm can deal with concurrent multiple initiations of checkpointing and data faults. A process can recover from a fault, using the proposed recovery algorithm in spite of multiple data faults present in the system. All the proposed algorithms converge in O(n) steps, where n is the number of processes. The algorithm can be extended to work for general topologies too.
Knowledge by user demand and self-reflection: new models for teaching and assessment in edutainment software design
Authors: T. Svane
Venue: Proceedings of the Frontiers in Education Conference, 2001. on 31st Annual - Volume 01 (2001)

This paper reports on experiences from applying knowledge by user demand (KBUD) to teaching at the Edutainment Software Design programme at Halmstad University, Sweden. 'Edutainment' denotes educational and recreational systems for homes, schools and work. Upon graduation, students may find careers in game design, project management, systems development etc. KBUD emphasizes participation in selection and creation of course contents, to foster a continuous review process of how to attain competencies needed to accomplish a task. Continuous self-reflection, on how and why competencies develop, and how personal learning can be refined, is highlighted in discussions and through using projects from previous courses as case studies. KBUD classes offer a core of approximately 50% of course content. Students select another 25% from a range of teacher prepared themes and develop themselves the remaining themes under teacher supervision. KBUD modules combine subject adherence with encouraging student interest and participation, whilst also ensuring content vitality.
A Wireless Based Sensor for Patient Monitoring System with Remote Diagnostic
Authors: Hung-Chieh Yu, Shu-Ming Tseng
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Networking and Services (2007)

In this paper, We propose a mobile Patient System using common approach Sensor Platform called The wireless based Patient Sensor platform (WSP, Sensor Node) which has remote access capability. The goals of the WSP are to establish: Standard sensor node (System on module), a common software .The proposed platform architecture(Sensor Node) offers flexibility, easy customization for different Vital parameter collecting and sending . An prototype has been established based on wireless communication channel. Wireless Lan ( IEEE802.11) [1] and WMTS[2] has been used as communication channel on our prototype (Sensor node) . Desire sensor information(vital parameter) can be viewed remotely, and also vital parameter can be adjusted to meet demand.
Formal specification of CORBA-based distributed objects and behaviors
Authors: C. F. Ngolah, Yingxu Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE International Conference on Cognitive Informatics (2005)

A distributed object system consists of a set of objects that interact by invoking services to one another. For successful cooperation between these objects, they must have capabilities that enable them to represent, use and share information. Existing middleware technologies define the remote object classes in terms of their interfaces only and do not give any semantic or behavioral specifications of the remote objects resident in clients and servers. This paper formalizes the behavior of distributed objects based on the Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA). The capturing of information by each distributed object can be compared to the way information is captured using the Object-Attribute-Relation (OAR) model in which information about an object is represented by a 3-tuple (0, A, R), where O represents the object ID used to identify an object, A the set of object attributes used to denote detailed characteristics of an object and R a set of defined relationships used to make connections to other objects. Real-Time Process Algebra (RTPA) is used to model the architecture of a distributed system. Based on this architecture, a formal specification of the behavior of the distributed objects is presented through a case study.
SASE: implementation of a compressed text search engine
Authors: Srinidhi Varadarajan, Tzi-cker Chiueh
Venue: Proceedings of the USENIX Symposium on Internet Technologies and Systems on USENIX Symposium on Internet Technologies and Systems (1997)

Keyword based search engines are the basic building block of text retrieval systems. Higher level systems like content sensitive search engines and knowledge-based systems still rely on keyword search as the underlying text retrieval mechanism. With the explosive growth in content, Internet and Intranet information repositories require efficient mechanisms to store as well as index data. In this paper we discuss the implementation of the Shrink and Search Engine (SASE) framework which unites text compression and indexing to maximize keyword search performance while reducing storage cost. SASE features the novel capability of being able to directly search through compressed text without explicit decompression. The implementation includes a search server architecture, which can be accessed from a Java front-end to perform keyword search on the Internet. The performance results show that the compression efficiency of SASE is within 7-17% of GZIP one of the best lossless compression schemes. The sum of the compressed file size and the inverted indices is only between 55-76% of the original database while the search performance is comparable to a fully inverted index. The framework allows a flexible trade-off between search performance and storage requirements for the search indices.
Assistive navigation of a robotic wheelchair using a multihierarchical model of the environment
Authors: Juan-Antonio Fernández-Madrigal, Cipriano Galindo, Javier González
Venue: Integrated Computer-Aided Engineering (2004)

This paper presents an application of a multihierarchical, symbolic model of large-scale space for representing the environment of a robotic wheelchair that has been automated for assistance to mobility impaired people. Rehabilitation robotics has an issue that is not present in mobile robotics: the need for an interface with the human driver. Our hierarchical model demonstrates its suitability to represent the environment in a structure easily manageable by the human (it serves as a good interface with the human' s cognitive map) and, at the same time, provides better performance than flat topological maps in route planning. This is achieved by including multiple hierarchies of abstraction in the model, which improves the adaptation of the vehicle to its tasks and environment. The paper describes and illustrates an experiment in which the wheelchair, with the assistance of the human driver, builds a model of space and uses it for autonomous navigation.
Quality Criteria and an Analysis Framework for Self-Healing Systems
Authors: Sangeeta Neti, Hausi A. Muller
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 International Workshop on Software Engineering for Adaptive and Self-Managing Systems (2007)

Autonomic computing has become more prevalent and hence its evaluation is becoming more important. This paper addresses the issue of evaluating the software architecture of self-healing applications with respect to the changes and adaptation over long periods of time. To facilitate this evaluation, we developed an analysis and reasoning framework for the architecture of self-healing systems. The framework is based on attribute-based architectural styles (ABASs) and is tailored to selected quality attributes. When an autonomic system evolves, our framework can be used to re-analyze the system and verify certain quality attributes. The explicitly available relationship between architecture and quality attributes not only helps in documenting the current architecture design, but also allows developers to reuse the architectural analysis during long-term evolution when the original system designers are long gone. Hence, the proposed framework can facilitate both design and maintenance of self-healing systems. As a first step in the analysis, we identify key quality attributes for self-healing systems. We have also defined new autonomic specific quality attributes for self-healing systems. Further, we have customized the ISO 9126 quality model to the quality requirements of self-healing systems, considering both traditional attributes as well as newly defined autonomic-specific attributes.
Educational Approach to an Experiment in a Software Architecture Course
Authors: Alf Inge Wang, Erik Arisholm, Letizia Jaccheri
Venue: Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Software Engineering Education & Training (2007)

This paper reports experiences from an experiment in a software architecture course where the focus was both on giving students valuable education as well as getting important empirical results. The paper describes how the experiment was integrated in the course, and presents an evaluation of the experiment from an educational point of view. Further, the paper reflects on the costs and the benefits of carrying out an experiment in the context of a software architecture course for the involved stakeholders namely the researchers, the students, and the instructors. We also describe some guidelines for planning and executing experiments as a part of a software engineering course.
Training is part of your job
Authors: S. Prough
Venue: Proceedings of the 28th Annual Frontiers in Education - Volume 03 (1998)

Summary form only given. Engineers and other knowledge workers must continually learn both to stay abreast of current technology and to advance in their careers. Their total set of competencies and skills represents the value they bring to the firm. Expertise becomes the currency by which their worth is measured. Much of their learning must happen in a "job-specific" setting where they apply conceptual knowledge to mastery of the tools used in pursuit of their work objectives and deliverables. Content experts have the duty and responsibility to deploy knowledge to all who need it in the organization. They must teach the rest of us to use the knowledge that they possess. If an engineer writes a new specification, develops a new process or invents a new software tool, the job is not finished until the users know how to apply it. The deployment happens via knowledge transfer which is the broadest definition of training. In our lives and work, we both teach and learn and so it is for engineers as well. As novices, we may do move learning than teaching, but even with experience, we can never stop learning, we simply have to teach more. The solution to this seeming work load dilemma is to learn and grow through teaching. These are some of the fundamental precepts of the "Learning Organization". We illustrate how these concepts are being practiced in the high technology industry and how "knowledge products" are deployed through training. We also demonstrate with cases and methods how engineers can and must become successful teachers in order to do their jobs.
A Case Study on Semantic Unit Composition
Authors: Kai Chen, Janos Sztipanovits, Sandeep Neema
Venue: Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Software Engineering Workshops (2007)

In previous work we have discussed a semantic anchoring framework that enables the semantic specification of Domain-Specific Modeling Languages by specifying semantic anchoring rules to predefined semantic units. This framework is further extended to support heterogeneous systems by developing a method for the composition of semantic units. In this paper, we explain the semantic unit composition through a case study.
Exploring failure transparency and the limits of generic recovery
Authors: David E. Lowell, Subhachandra Chandra, Peter M. Chen
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th conference on Symposium on Operating System Design & Implementation - Volume 4 (2000)

We explore the abstraction of failure transparency in which the operating system provides the illusion of failure-free operation. To provide failure transparency, an operating system must recover applications after hardware, operating system, and application failures, and must do so without help from the programmer or unduly slowing failure-free performance. We describe two invariants that must be upheld to provide failure transparency: one that ensures sufficient application state is saved to guarantee the user cannot discern failures, and another that ensures sufficient application state is lost to allow recovery from failures affecting application state. We find that several real applications get failure transparency in the presence of simple stop failures with overhead of 0-12%. Less encouragingly, we find that applications violate one invariant in the course of upholding the other for more than 90% of application faults and 3-15% of operating system faults, rendering transparent recovery impossible for these cases.
Closed-form design of generalized maximally flat low-pass FIR filters using generating functions
Authors: Peng-Hua Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 01 (2000)

In this paper, we propose a closed-form design of the generalized maximally flat low-pass FIR filters. By representing the transfer function as the Bernstein polynomial form, a simple generating function of the weighting coefficients is derived. We show that the linear phase maximally flat FIR filters and the nonlinear phase maximally flat half-band FIR filters are both special cases of the proposed filter. Closed-form expressions of both linear and nonlinear phase maximally flat FIR filters with prescribed degrees of flatness and delay can be easily obtained by the proposed method.
Joint audio-video object localization using a recursive multi-state multi-sensor estimator
Authors: N. Strobel
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 04 (2000)

Object localization based on audio and video information is important for the analysis of dynamic scenes, such as video conferences or traffic situations. In this paper, we view the the dynamic audio-video object localization problem as a joint recursive estimation problem. It is solved using a decentralized Kalman filter fusing both audio and video position estimates. To better take into account different object maneuvers, multiple state-space equations are also incorporated. The result is a recursive multi-state multi-sensor estimator. Experiments show that it yields significantly improved joint position estimates compared to results achieved by using either an audio or a video system only.
Multi-timbre chord classification using wavelet transform and self-organized map neural networks
Authors: Borching Su
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2001. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 05 (2001)

This paper presents a new method for musical chord recognition based on a model of human perception. We classify the chords directly from the sound without the information of timbres and notes. A wavelet-based transform as well as a self-organized map (SOM) neural network is adopted to imitate human ears and cerebra, respectively. The resultant system can classify chords very well even in a noisy environment.
Robust Smooth Feature Extraction from Point Clouds
Authors: Joel II Daniels, Linh K. Ha, Tilo Ochotta, Claudio T. Silva
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Shape Modeling and Applications 2007 (2007)

Defining sharp features in a given 3D model facilitates a better understanding of the surface and aids visualizations, reverse engineering, filtering, simplification, non-photo realism, reconstruction and other geometric processing applications. We present a robust method that identifies sharp features in a point cloud by returning a set of smooth curves aligned along the edges. Our feature extraction is a multi-step refinement method that leverages the concept of Robust Moving Least Squares to locally fit surfaces to potential features. Using Newton's method, we project points to the intersections of multiple surfaces then grow polylines through the projected cloud. After resolving gaps, connecting corners, and relaxing the results, the algorithm returns a set of complete and smooth curves that define the features. We demonstrate the benefits of our method with two applications: surface meshing and point-based geometry compression.