ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Numerical methods of reconstruction of optical parameters of terrestrial surface and atmosphere using remote sensing
Authors: U. M. Sultangazin, A. H. Ahmedzhanov, V. N. Glushko
Venue: Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (2004)

Here are described the methods for calculation of the parameter of the ground surface reflection ability and atmospheric parameters restoration on the basis of remote sensing data. The developed algorithm of the numerical method of solution of the task of albedo determination in short waves ranges is presented. The numerical solution of the inverse task of long wave radiation is given to estimate temperature and humidity profiles in atmosphere.
Another optimization of alpha-beta search
Authors: John P. Fishburn
Venue: Issue 84 (April 1983) (1983)

An optimization of the alpha-beta search algorithm is proposed. When used in conjunction with a transposition table, the optimization can reduce the number of positions searched. Measured reductions in searching checkers lookahead trees range from 0% to 16%, with an average reduction of 7%.
Semi-Supervised Learning Based Object Detection in Aerial Imagery
Authors: Jian Yao, Zhongfei (Mark) Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05) - Volume 1 - Volume 01 (2005)

Object detection in aerial imagery has been well studied in computer vision for years. However, given the complexity of large variations of the appearance of the object and the background in a typical aerial image, a robust and efficient detection is still considered as an open and challenging problem. In this paper, we have developed a theoretic foundation for aerial imagery object detection using semi-supervised learning algorithms. Based on this theory, we have proposed a context-based object detection methodology. Both theoretic analyses and experimental evaluations have successfully demonstrated the great promise of the developed theory and the related detection methodology.
Dynamic modeling of tip-over stability of mobile manipulators considering the friction effects
Authors: R. F. Abo-shanab, N. Sepehri
Venue: Robotica (2005)

This paper extends the models developed previously by the authors for simulating tip-over stability of mobile manipulators, to include the friction of the contact between the base and the ground. Thus, the present model takes into account the detailed dynamics of the base that can rock back and forth during the movement of the manipulator, the combined vehicle suspension and ground-tire compliance and, the friction between the wheels and the ground. &lsquo;LuGre&rsquo; tire friction model is employed, which along with the novel method of virtual links transforms the system into a fixed base manipulator with single degree of freedom at each joint. The model is then used to simulate planar movements of a 215B Caterpillar excavator-based log-loader machine. The results are also compared to those obtained by the simplified model, which was developed previously based on the assumption that the friction between the base and the ground is high enough to prevent the base from skidding forward or backward. The results clearly show that the friction properties between the wheels and the ground affect machine stability. Thus, one has to include the frictional effect in order to accurately predict the tip-over behavior of mobile manipulators.
Recognition of Chinese Character in Gray Image Based on Improved Radiant-Projection-Transform
Authors: Nongliang Sun, Maoyong Cao
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Image and Graphics (2004)

An algorithm called Radiant-projection-transform (RPT) is proposed, which can be used in the recognition of Chinese character in gray image. The mathematical model and implementation method are given. In order to improve the performance of the original projection function, improvement and optimization are applied to the original algorithm. Consequently, a new function called improved-projection-accumulative-function (IPAF) is obtained. The characteristics of IPAF as well as Fourier Descriptors (FDs) based on it are studied in the case of gray Chinese character recognition. Based on theoretical analysis and experiments, FDs are utilized as features for recognition. The recognition accuracy of 3755 most frequently used Chinese characters (gray) reaches 98.9 percent by using FDs based on IPAF.
Information Subsystem of the SO4/Cl Ratio as Database for Studying its Influence on Human Health
Authors: Nives Štambuk-Giljanović, Dragó Štambuk
Venue: Journal of Medical Systems (2005)

General lack of surface waters in the Dalmatian region on one hand (Croatia) and a large profusion and complexity of underground waters circulation, on the other hand, are typical phenomena of Dalmatian Karst region. Underground waters in Dalmatia belong to rift water similar to surface waters considering its hydrochemical and hygienic characteristics. Health care institutions and water authorities have become particularly interested in observing and monitoring water as well as preserving its quality.A relational database has been developed for carrying out chemical analyses expressed by the SO4/Cl ratio since it is necessary to organize and integrate a large number of analytical and ecological health-data. The database can serve as a methodological platform for the study of environmental factors influencing human health. The prototype database consists of data obtained by investigations, which have been conducted by the Water Examination Department of the Public Health Institute of Split Dalmatian County (Croatia) and University of Split Medical School. The database currently contains more than 3000 data.
A distributed coordination framework for wireless sensor and actor networks
Authors: Tommaso Melodia, Dario Pompili, Vehbi C. Gungor, Ian F. Akyildiz
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking and computing (2005)

Wireless Sensor and Actor Networks (WSANs) are composed of a large number of heterogeneous nodes called sensors and actors. The collaborative operation of sensors enables the distributed sensing of a physical phenomenon, while the role of actors is to collect and process sensor data and perform appropriate actions.In this paper, a coordination framework for WSANs is addressed. A new sensor-actor coordination model is proposed, based on an event-driven clustering paradigm in which cluster formation is triggered by an event so that clusters are created on-the-fly to optimally react to the event itself and provide the required reliability with minimum energy expenditure. The optimal solution is determined by mathematical programming and a distributed solution is also proposed. In addition, a new model for actor-actor coordination is introduced for a class of coordination problems in which the area to be acted upon is optimally split among different actors. An auction-based distributed solution of the problem is also presented.Performance evaluation shows how global network objectives, such as compliance with real-time constraints and minimum energy consumption, can be reached in the proposed framework with simple interactions between sensors and actors that are suitable for large-scale networks of energy-constrained devices.
A SMS Tool for Alerts and Monitoring of a High Availability Cluster Envioronment
Authors: M. A. R. Dantas, R. K. Baggio
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on High Performance Computing Systems and Applications (2005)

Computational resources from cluster environments have became a key component in many organizations. Scientific, industrial and commercial applications are more dependent from a cluster performance. In this context, high availability of clusters is a challenge research subject. The OSCAR (Open Source Cluster Application Resource) software environment is an interesting single system image for the management of cluster of workstations (COWs). This software environment has a new feature for high availability called as HA-OSCAR . In this article we present a proposal which creates an extra facility to enhance the high availability scheme using the short message service (SMS) technology. Our experimental results indicate that the proposal can be considered as an interesting tool to efficiently monitor clusters from mobile phones.
Knowledge Discovery with Genetic Programming for Providing Feedback to Courseware Authors
Authors: Cristóbal Romero, Sebastián Ventura, Paul De Bra
Venue: User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction (2005)

We introduce a methodology to improve Adaptive Systems for Web-Based Education. This methodology uses evolutionary algorithms as a data mining method for discovering interesting relationships in students' usage data. Such knowledge may be very useful for teachers and course authors to select the most appropriate modifications to improve the effectiveness of the course. We use Grammar-Based Genetic Programming (GBGP) with multi-objective optimization techniques to discover prediction rules. We present a specific data mining tool that can help non-experts in data mining carry out the complete rule discovery process, and demonstrate its utility by applying it to an adaptive Linux course that we developed.
Venn Sampling: A Novel Prediction Technique for Moving Objects
Authors: Yufei Tao, Dimitris Papadias, Jian Zhai, Qing Li
Venue: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Data Engineering (2005)

Given a region q_R and a future timestamp q_T, a "range aggregate" query estimates the number of objects expected to appear in q_R at time q_T. Currently the only methods for processing such queries are based on spatio-temporal histograms, which have several serious problems. First, they consume considerable space in order to provide accurate estimation. Second, they incur high evaluation cost. Third, their efficiency continuously deteriorates with time. Fourth, their maintenance requires significant update overhead. Motivated by this, we develop Venn sampling (VS), a novel estimation method optimized for a set of "pivot queries" that reflect the distribution of actual ones. In particular, given m pivot queries, VS achieves perfect estimation with only O(m) samples, as opposed to O(2^m) required by the current state of the art in workload-aware sampling. Compared with histograms, our technique is much more accurate (given the same space), produces estimates with negligible cost, and does not deteriorate with time. Furthermore, it permits the development of a novel "query-driven" update policy, which reduces the update cost of conventional policies significantly.
Using Rationale for Software Engineering Education
Authors: Allen H. Dutoit, Timo Wolf, Barbara Paech, Lars Borner, Jurgen Ruckert
Venue: Proceedings of the 18th Conference on Software Engineering Education & Training (2005)

Software engineering courses often use industrial modeling tools for their infrastructure, as it exposes students to the state-of-the practice and increases their awareness about the complexity of their craft. However, this approach has the risk of expending a disproportionate amount of effort on tools as opposed to teaching concepts. Moreover, industrial tools often do not include didactic concepts needed for education. In this paper, we discuss our experience with an integrated, rationale-based modeling tool in a variety of software engineering courses. By providing an integrated modeling environment, students use a single tool for requirements, system design, test planning, and collaboration. By attaching rationale to the models, students are encouraged to reflect on their work while instructors can monitor them and provide more insightful feedback.
Interactive posters: THE EFFECTS OF WARNINGS AND DISPLAY SIMILARITY ON INTERRUPTION IN MULTITASKING ENVIRONMENTS
Authors: Mary Czerwinski, Steve Chrisman, Bob Schumacher
Venue: ACM SIGCHI Bulletin (1991)

Operators are often required to perform concurrent tasks, as well as attend to additional information (e.g., emergencies, changes of plans). This additional information has a tendency to interrupt the human operator's primary duties, requiring the operator to delay completion of these duties until a later time. Two experiments examined the effects of display similarity and the presence or absence of a warning on an operator's ability to remember information from (and hence, resume) multiple primary tasks. It was hypothesized that subjects' performance would be worse when interrupted by a task that was more similar to the primary task. It was also hypothesized that subjects would benefit from a warning prior to the interruption. In experiment 1, subjects monitored information from 4 different space station systems. After 4 minutes, an interrupting task replaced the information on the computer screen. Subjects were either warned or not warned of the upcoming interruption 30 seconds prior to its onset. The interruption task was either similar or dissimilar in display format to the primary task.
The design of DNA self-assembled computing circuitry
Authors: Chris Dwyer, Leandra Vicci, John Poulton, Dorothy Erie, Richard Superfine, Sean Washburn, Russell M. Taylor,  II
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems (2004)

We present a design methodology for a nanoscale selfassembling fabrication process that uses the specificity of DNA hybridization to guide the formation of electrical circuitry. Custom design software allows us to specify the function of a structure in a way similar to that used by VLSI circuit designers. In an analogous manner to generating masks for a photolithographic process, our software generates an assembly procedure including DNA sequence allocation. We have found that the number of unique DNA sequences needed to assemble a structure scales with its surface area. Using a simple face-serial assembly order we can specify an unambiguous assembly sequence for a structure of any size with only 15 unique DNA sequences.
A Framework to Support Survivable Web Services
Authors: Wei Li, Jiang He, Qingkai Ma, I-Ling Yen, Farokh Bastani, Raymond Paul
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS'05) - Papers - Volume 01 (2005)

Web services have gained high popularity in the development of distributed application systems. Some critical applications also consider using web services paradigm due to the benefits of interoperability, reusability, and adaptability. To support critical applications, existing web service model needs to be extended to assure survivability. In this paper, we introduce the design of a novel survivable Web service (SWS) framework that supports continuous operation even in the presence of failures and security attacks. The replication scheme and N-Modular Redundancy (NMR) concept are used as the basis for achieving survivability. Due to replication, communication among multiple web services becomes costly. We develop protocols, including the Inter-Group Communication (SWS-IGC) and Message Ordering (SWS-MO) protocols, to guarantee efficient and correct communication. Preliminary performance studies show that the SWS framework only incurs a moderate overhead due to the incorporation of survivability assurance.
The Liberty Simulation Environment, version 1.0
Authors: Manish Vachharajani, Neil Vachharajani, David A. Penry, Jason A. Blome, David I. August
Venue: ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review (2004)

High-level hardware modeling via simulation is an essential step in hardware systems design and research. Despite the importance of simulation, current model creation methods are error prone and are unnecessarily time consuming. To address these problems, we have publicly released the Liberty Simulation Environment (LSE), Version 1.0, consisting of a simulator builder and automatic visualizer based on a shared hardware description language. LSE's design was motivated by a careful analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of existing systems. This has resulted in a system in which models are easier to understand, faster to develop, and have performance on par with other systems. LSE is capable of modeling any synchronous hardware system. To date, LSE has been used to simulate and convey ideas about a diverse set of complex systems including a chip multiprocessor out-of-order IA-64 machine and a multiprocessor system with detailed device models.
Penvelope: A New Approach to Rapidly Predicting the Performance of Computationally Intensive Scientific Applications on Parallel Computer Architectures
Authors: Daniel M. Pressel, David Cronk, Sameer Suresh Shende
Venue: Proceedings of the 2004 Users Group Conference (2004)

A common complaint when dealing with the performance of computationally intensivescientific applications on parallel computers is that programs exist to predict the performanceof radar systems, missiles and artillery shells, drugs, etc., but no one knows how to predict the performance of these applications on a parallel computer. Actually, that is not quite true. A more accurate statement is that no one knows how to predict the performance of these applications on a parallel computer in a reasonable amount of time. PENVELOPE is anattempt to remedy this situation. It is an extension to Amdahlýs Law/Gustafson's work on scaled speedup that takes into account the cost of interprocessor communication and operating system overhead, yet is simple enough that it was implemented as an Excel spreadsheet.
Semantics-Aware Malware Detection
Authors: Mihai Christodorescu, Somesh Jha, Sanjit A. Seshia, Dawn Song, Randal E. Bryant
Venue: Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (2005)

A malware detector is a system that attempts to determine whether a program has malicious intent. In order to evade detection, malware writers (hackers) frequently use obfuscation to morph malware. Malware detectors that use a pattern-matching approach (such as commercial virus scanners) are susceptible to obfuscations used by hackers. The fundamental deficiency in the pattern-matching approach to malware detection is that it is purely syntactic and ignores the semantics of instructions. In this paper, we present a malware-detection algorithm that addresses this deficiency by incorporating instruction semantics to detect malicious program traits. Experimental evaluation demonstrates that our malware-detection algorithm can detect variants of malware with a relatively low run-time overhead. Moreover, our semantics-aware malware detection algorithm is resilient to common obfuscations used by hackers.
Stability of solutions for the recursive sequence xn+1=(α - βxn)/(γ + g(xn-k))
Authors: X. Y. Zeng, B. Shi, D. C. Zhang
Venue: Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics (2005)

In this paper, we investigate the global behavior of the recursive sequence xn+1=x - βxn/γ+g(xn-k for n=0,1...., where α,β,γ≥0 and g(x) is a continuous function defined on (-∞, ∞), which satisfies some additional conditions.
On the consistency of cardinal direction constraints
Authors: Spiros Skiadopoulos, Manolis Koubarakis
Venue: Artificial Intelligence (2005)

We present a formal model for qualitative spatial reasoning with cardinal directions utilizing a coordinate system. Then, we study the problem of checking the consistency of a set of cardinal direction constraints. We introduce the first algorithm for this problem, prove its correctness and analyze its computational complexity. Utilizing the above algorithm, we prove that the consistency checking of a set of basic (i.e., non-disjunctive) cardinal direction constraints can be performed in O(n5) time. We also show that the consistency checking of a set of unrestricted (i.e., disjunctive and non-disjunctive) cardinal direction constraints is NP-complete. Finally, we briefly discuss an extension to the basic model and outline an algorithm for the consistency checking problem of this extension.
SlideCont: An Auto97 driver for bifurcation analysis of Filippov systems
Authors: Fabio Dercole, Yuri A. Kuznetsov
Venue: ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software (TOMS) (2005)

SLIDECONT, an AUTO97 driver for sliding bifurcation analysis of discontinuous piecewise-smooth autonomous systems, known as Filippov systems, is described in detail. Sliding bifurcations are those in which some sliding on the discontinuity boundary is critically involved. The software allows for detection and continuation of codimension-1 sliding bifurcations as well as detection of some codimension-2 singularities, with special attention to planar systems (n &equals; 2). Some bifurcations are also supported for n-dimensional systems.This article gives a brief introduction to Filippov systems, describes the structure of SLIDECONT and all computations supported by SLIDECONT 2.0. Several examples, which are distributed together with the source code of SLIDECONT, are presented.
Autonomic oil reservoir optimization on the Grid: Research Articles
Authors: Vincent Matossian, Viraj Bhat, Manish Parashar, Małgorzata Peszyńska, Mrinal Sen, Paul Stoffa, Mary F. Wheeler
Venue: Concurrency and Computation: Practice Experience (2005)

The emerging Grid infrastructure and its support for seamless and secure interactions is enabling a new generation of autonomic applications where the application components, Grid services, resources, and data interact as peers to manage, adapt and optimize themselves and the overall application. In this paper we describe the design, development and operation of a prototype of such an application that uses peer-to-peer interactions between distributed services and data on the Grid to enable the autonomic optimization of an oil reservoir. Copyright &copy; 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
2-Restricted extensions of partial embeddings of graphs
Authors: Martin Juvan, Bojan Mohar
Venue: European Journal of Combinatorics (2005)

Let K be a subgraph of G. Suppose that we have a 2-cell embedding of K in some surface and that for each K-bridge in G, one or two simple embeddings in faces of K are prescribed. Obstructions for existence of extensions of the embedding of K to an embedding of G are studied. It is shown that minimal obstructions possess certain combinatorial structure that can be described in an algebraic way by means of forcing chains of K-bridges. The geometric structure of minimal obstructions is also described. It is shown that they have "millipede" structure that was observed earlier in some special cases (disc, Möbius band). As a consequence it is proved that if one is allowed to reroute the branches of K, one can obtain a subgraph K' of G homeomorphic to K for which an obstruction of bounded branch size exists. The precise combinatorial and geometric structure of corresponding obstructions can be used to get a linear time algorithm for either finding an embedding extension or discovering minimal obstructions.
Evaluating question-answering techniques in Chinese
Authors: Xiaoyan Li, W. Bruce Croft
Venue: Proceedings of the first international conference on Human language technology research (2001)

An important first step in developing a cross-lingual question answering system is to understand whether techniques developed with English text will also work with other languages, such as Chinese. The Marsha Chinese question answering system described in this paper uses techniques similar to those used in the English systems developed for TREC. Marsha consists of three main components: the query processing module, the Hanquery search engine, and the answer extraction module. It also contains some specific techniques dealing with Chinese language characteristics, such as word segmentation and ordinals processing. Evaluation of the system is done using a method based on the TREC question-answering track. The results of the evaluation show that the performance of Marsha is comparable to some English question answering systems in TREC 8 track. An English language version of Marsha further indicates that the heuristics used are applicable to the English question answering task.