ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Proceedings of the Third Workshop on Scalable Natural Language Understanding
Venue: ACL Workshops (2006)

This volume contains the papers presented at the HLT/NAACL 2006 workshop entitled: Scalable Natural Language Understanding. The workshop was held on June 8th, 2006 and is the third in a series that started in Heidelberg, Germany on May 23rd and 24th 2002 and continued on May 6th, 2004 at HLT/NAACL in Boston. The papers were refereed by an international panel of experts in the field. The workshop is the second held under the auspices of the HLT/NAACL to be directed at issues concerning the scalability of natural language understanding and generation systems. There is a growing need for systems that can understand and generate natural language in applications that require substantial amounts of knowledge as well as reasoning capabilities. Most current implemented systems for natural language understanding (NLU) are decoupled from any reasoning processes, which makes them narrow and brittle. Furthermore, they do not appear to be scalable in the sense that the techniques used in such systems do not appear to generalize to more complex applications. While significant work has been done in developing theoretical underpinnings of systems that use knowledge and reasoning (e.g., development of models of linguistic interpretation using abductive reasoning, intention recognition, formal models of dialogue, formal models of lexical and utterance meaning, and utterance planning), it has often proved difficult to utilize such theories in robust working systems. Another major barrier has been the vast amount of linguistic and world knowledge needed. However, there is now significant progress in compiling the required knowledge, using manual and increasingly automated techniques for ontology and grammar learning. But even as these resources become available, we still lack some key conceptual and computational frameworks that will form the foundation for effective scalable natural language systems, e.g., in terms of incremental processing, dialogical alignment or pragmatics. The collection of researchers who face the challenges involved in scaling human language technology is growing in conjucntion with greater efforts to develop systems that robustly interact with users in intuitive and conversational ways.
Semantic Mining Technologies for Multimedia Databases, 1st edition
Authors: Dacheng Tao, Dacheng Tao, Dong Xu, Xuelong Li
Venue:  (2009)

Multimedia searching and management have become popular due to demanding applications and competition among companies. Despite the increase in interest, there is no existing book covering basic knowledge on state-of-the-art techniques within the field. Semantic Mining Technologies for Multimedia Databases provides an introduction to the most recent techniques in multimedia semantic mining necessary to researchers new to the field. This book serves as an important reference in multimedia for academicians, multimedia technologists and researchers, and academic libraries.
On the Specification of Full Contracts
Authors: Stephen Fenech, Gordon J. Pace, Joseph C. Okika, Anders P. Ravn, Gerardo Schneider
Venue: Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science (ENTCS) (2009)

Contracts specify properties of an interface to a software component. We consider the problem of defining a full contract that specifies not only the normal behaviour, but also special cases and tolerated exceptions. In this paper we focus on the behavioural properties of use cases taken from the Common Component Modelling Example (CoCoME), proposed as a benchmark to compare different component models. We first give the full specification of the use cases in the deontic-based specification language CL, and then we concentrate on three particular properties in order to compare deontic and operational specifications. We conjecture that operational specifications are well suited for normal cases, but are less easily extended for exceptional cases. This hypothesis is investigated by comparing specifications in CSP (operational) with specifications in CL. The outcome of the experiment supports the conjecture and demonstrates clear differences in the basic descriptive power of the formalisms.
Certain summation and transformation formulas for generalized hypergeometric series
Authors: Allen R. Miller
Venue: Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics (2009)

We derive summation formulas for generalized hypergeometric series of unit argument, one of which upon specialization reduces to Minton's summation theorem. As an application we deduce a reduction formula for a certain Kampe de Feriet function that in turn provides a Kummer-type transformation formula for the generalized hypergeometric function "pF"p(x).
Multisensor Correlation Analysis and its Application in Coal Mines
Authors: Aiguo Li, Lina Song
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 WRI Global Congress on Intelligent Systems - Volume 02 (2009)

A multisensor system in coal mine is composed of a dozen even dozens of gas monitoring sensors. There is coupling in sensors of the gas monitoring systems. And it is interesting. The paper focuses on two topics about correlation analysis for multisensor system. One is about multisensor correlation analysis. Correlation information entropy and condition number of matrix were used. The other is about how to effective find out all combinations correlation sensors in a multisensor system. A theorem was proposed in this paper. Based on the theorem, an algorithm which can find out all combinations of correlative sensors from a multisensor system is proposed. Proposed algorithm can not only find out all combinations of correlation sensors effectively, but obtain the maximum combination of correlation sensors. Through experiment on a real gas monitoring dataset in coal mine, the results of experiments show that performances of proposed algorithm are excellent.
Dynamic Programming Stereo on Real-World Sequences
Authors: Zhifeng Liu, Reinhard Klette
Venue: Advances in Neuro-Information Processing: 15th International Conference, ICONIP 2008, Auckland, New Zealand, November 25-28, 2008, Revised Selected Papers, Part II (2009)

This paper proposes a way to approximate ground truth for real-world stereo sequences, and applies this for evaluating the performance of different variants of dynamic programming stereo analysis. This illustrates a way of performance evaluation, also allowing to derive sequence analysis diagrams. Obtained results differ from those obtained for the discussed algorithms on smaller, or engineered test data. This also shows the value of real-world testing.
Automatic set expansion for list question answering
Authors: Richard C. Wang, Nico Schlaefer, William W. Cohen, Eric Nyberg
Venue: Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (2008)

This paper explores the use of set expansion (SE) to improve question answering (QA) when the expected answer is a list of entities belonging to a certain class. Given a small set of seeds, SE algorithms mine textual resources to produce an extended list including additional members of the class represented by the seeds. We explore the hypothesis that a noise-resistant SE algorithm can be used to extend candidate answers produced by a QA system and generate a new list of answers that is better than the original list produced by the QA system. We further introduce a hybrid approach which combines the original answers from the QA system with the output from the SE algorithm. Experimental results for several state-of-the-art QA systems show that the hybrid system performs better than the QA systems alone when tested on list question data from past TREC evaluations.
Study on Regional Expansion Differences of Construction Land and Its Influencing Factors: The Case of Xinjiang
Authors: Zuliang Duan, Xiaolei Zhang, Lei Jun
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Environmental Science and Information Application Technology - Volume 03 (2009)

With the concepts of the land utilization dynamic degree, and the expansion contribution rate, the paper has disclosed the characteristics of regional differences of construction land’ expansion in Xinjiang province over recent twelve years. Considering various factors affecting land use structure scale change, the paper has used multiple regression analysis method to research the influencing forces of construction land, and to quantitatively judged the degree of the influence of the change of each affecting factor on the construction land.
Trajectory Voting and Classification Based on Spatiotemporal Similarity in Moving Object Databases
Authors: Costas Panagiotakis, Nikos Pelekis, Ioannis Kopanakis
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Intelligent Data Analysis: Advances in Intelligent Data Analysis VIII (2009)

We propose a method for trajectory classification based on trajectory voting in Moving Object Databases (MOD). Trajectory voting is performed based on local trajectory similarity. This is a relatively new topic in the spatial and spatiotemporal database literature with a variety of applications like trajectory summarization, classification, searching and retrieval. In this work, we have used moving object databases in space, acquiring spatiotemporal 3-D trajectories, consisting of the 2-D geographic location and the 1-D time information. Each trajectory is modelled by sequential 3-D line segments. The global voting method is applied for each segment of the trajectory, forming a local trajectory descriptor. By the analysis of this descriptor the representative paths of the trajectory can be detected, that can be used to visualize a MOD. Our experimental results verify that the proposed method efficiently classifies trajectories and their sub-trajectories based on a robust voting method.
The Application of Unascertained Measurement Model in Evaluation of Real Estate Investment Environment
Authors: Changlong Wang, Yanming Qi
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Natural Computing - Volume 02 (2009)

The evaluation of real estate investment environment is a systematic project involving multi-factor. Accordingly, select the most impact on the real estate investment environment to evaluate factors as indicators, establish unascertained measure comprehensive evaluation model. Applications used by the model shows that the evaluation result can objectively reflect the real estate investment environment, which provides a new method and way for evaluation of real estate investment environment and has theoretical and practical value. Due to the ordered division of evaluation space, the unascertained measure model improves distinguish leve. It has reliable evaluation result and is a practical model.
Foundations of a Multi-way Spectral Clustering Framework for Hybrid Linear Modeling
Authors: Guangliang Chen, Gilad Lerman
Venue: Foundations of Computational Mathematics (2009)

The problem of Hybrid Linear Modeling (HLM) is to model and segment data using a mixture of affine subspaces. Different strategies have been proposed to solve this problem, however, rigorous analysis justifying their performance is missing. This paper suggests the Theoretical Spectral Curvature Clustering (TSCC) algorithm for solving the HLM problem and provides careful analysis to justify it. The TSCC algorithm is practically a combination of Govindu&#x2019;s multi-way spectral clustering framework (CVPR 2005) and Ng et al.&#x2019;s spectral clustering algorithm (NIPS 2001). The main result of this paper states that if the given data is sampled from a mixture of distributions concentrated around affine subspaces, then with high sampling probability the TSCC algorithm segments well the different underlying clusters. The goodness of clustering depends on the within-cluster errors, the between-clusters interaction, and a tuning parameter applied by TSCC. The proof also provides new insights for the analysis of Ng et&#x00a0;al. (NIPS 2001).
A Practical Approach of Curved Ray Prestack Kirchhoff Time Migration on GPGPU
Authors: Xiaohua Shi, Chuang Li, Xu Wang, Kang Li
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Advanced Parallel Processing Technologies (2009)

We introduced four prototypes of General Purpose GPU solutions by Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) on NVidia GeForce 8800GT and Tesla C870 for a practical Curved Ray Prestack Kirchhoff Time Migration program, which is one of the most widely adopted imaging methods in the seismic data processing industry. We presented how to re-design and re-implement the original CPU code to efficient GPU code step by step. We demonstrated optimization methods, such as how to reduce the overhead of memory transportation on PCI-E bus, how to significantly increase the kernel thread numbers on GPU cores, how to buffer the inputs and outputs of CUDA kernel modules, and how to utilize the memory streams to overlap GPU kernel execution time, etc., to improve the runtime performance on GPUs. We analyzed the floating point errors between CPUs and GPUs. We presented the images generated by CPU and GPU programs for the same real-world seismic data inputs. Our final approach of Prototype-IV on NVidia GeForce 8800GT is 16.3 times faster than its CPU version on Intel's P4 3.0G.
Design and Implementation of Operation Replay for Virtual Experiment
Authors: Jiufei Tang, Xingming Ouyang, Junqing Yu, Liefu Ai
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on E-Learning and Games: Learning by Playing. Game-based Education System Design and Development (2009)

Although virtual experiment systems have been widely used in universities and colleges, many functions, such as experiment demonstration and experiment process analysis, need to be extended. Operation replay is the core and foundation of these 2 functions. Under MFC framework, the mechanism of operation replay is studied. A method based on message capturing and sending is proposed and the feasibility of this method is proved by using DFA theory. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method is effective and can be realized in existed MFC-based VESs easily. The idea of operation replay has some referential value for other e-learning system researchers and developers .
A Local Density Approach for Unsupervised Feature Discretization
Authors: Shengyi Jiang, Wen Yu
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Advanced Data Mining and Applications (2009)

Discretization is an important preprocess in data mining tasks. Considering the density distribution of attributes, this paper proposes a novel discretization approach. The time complexity is O(m*n* logn) as EW and PKID, so it can scale to large datasets. We use the datasets from the UCI repository to perform the experiments and compare the effects with some current discretization methods; the experimental results demonstrate that our method is effective and practicable.
Comparison of Orientation Filter Algorithms for Realtime Wireless Inertial Posture Tracking
Authors: A. D. Young
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Sixth International Workshop on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (2009)

Advances in the miniaturisation of inertial sensors have allowed the design of compact wireless inertial orientation trackers. Such devices require data fusion algorithms to process sensor data into estimated orientations. This paper examines the problem of inertial sensor data fusion and compares two alternative methods for orientation estimation: complementary filtering and Kalman filtering. Experiments are presented to assess the performance and accuracy of the resulting filters. The complementary filter structure is demonstrated to require up to nine times less execution time, while maintaining better accuracy across different movement scenarios, than the Kalman filter structure.
Managing the life cycle of plans
Authors: Biplav Srivastava, Jussi Vanhatalo, Jana Koehler
Venue: Proceedings of the 17th conference on Innovative applications of artificial intelligence - Volume 3 (2005)

The scalability of recent planning algorithms allows developers to automate planning tasks, which so far have been reserved to humans. However in real-world applications, synthesizing a plan is just the beginning of a complex life-cycle management process. Plans must be organized in large collections, where they can be grouped along different purposes and are amenable to the search, inspection, evaluation, and modification by human experts or automated reasoning systems. Eventually, plans will outlast their utility and be replaced. We present our solution to plan life cycle management for an autonomic computing application. We focus in particular on the automatic synthesis of plan metadata for plans containing conditional and parallel actions, well-structured loops, and non-deterministic choices. The plans are of unknown origin, i.e., their underlying action model. which could provide us with pre- and postconditions, is not available. New analysis techniques are presented that uniformly generate metadata for plans, thus allowing a system to embed plans into context and organize them in meaningfully structured plan repositories.
The Consequences of Work-Family Conflicts to Female Entrepreneurs within the Travel Agenices
Authors: RuanYue Qiang, Wei MingLiang, Li Bin
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 IITA International Conference on Services Science, Management and Engineering (2009)

The study has examined the consequences of work-family conflicts to female entrepreneurs within the travel agencies in China. The regression analysis indicates that the barriers women face in business may be the result of abilities, mutual inputs and supports, and the gap in parental responsibilities that spouses are undertaken. Disadvantages experienced by women in all these work-family areas are widely believed to result in lower management ability.
Robust intrinsically motivated exploration and active learning
Authors: Adrien Baranes, Pierre-Yves Oudeyer
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE 8th International Conference on Development and Learning (2009)

IAC was initially introduced as a developmental mechanism allowing a robot to self-organize developmental trajectories of increasing complexity without pre-programming the particular developmental stages. In this paper, we argue that IAC and other intrinsically motivated learning heuristics could be viewed as active learning algorithms that are particularly suited for learning forward models in unprepared sensorimotor spaces with large unlearnable subspaces. Then, we introduce a novel formulation of IAC, called R-IAC, and show that its performances as an intrinsically motivated active learning algorithm are far superior to IAC in a complex sensorimotor space where only a small subspace is neither unlearnable nor trivial. We also show results in which the learnt forward model is reused in a control scheme.
Usability for Poll Workers: A Voting System Usability Test Protocol
Authors: Dana Chisnell, Karen Bachmann, Sharon Laskowski, Svetlana Lowry
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Part IV: Interacting in Various Application Domains (2009)

In this paper, we discuss our efforts to develop a repeatable test protocol for assessing usability for poll workers--temporary election officials who ensure secure and private voting in voting places. The research described in this paper is part of a larger effort to develop a standard for voting systems. This is the first time that formal and substantial usability requirements as part of a standard for voting systems have been established in the United States. The standard includes requirements for poll worker usability and associated test methods to assess whether a system meets these requirements. The test method described in this paper sets up a protocol and pass/fail criteria for assessing the usability of voting system documentation for poll workers.
The Application of Simulation Technique on Gearbox Design
Authors: Kongde He, Zifan Fang, Dalin Zhu, Chaoxue Huang, Xingman Yang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation - Volume 02 (2009)

The dynamical model of gear transmission system was analyzed according to gear transmission principles and dynamical simulation model of gear pairs was given based on contact calculation method. Due to this method, the virtual prototype model of gearbox was created by considering many factors that influenced dynamical responses. The calculation result react the action of actual gears meshing very well. The simulation method and results have an important reference value and guidance to engineering design and capability checkout for gearbox.
The Effect of Motion Blur and Signal Noise on Image Quality in Low Light Imaging
Authors: Eero Kurimo, Leena Lepistö, Jarno Nikkanen, Juuso Grén, Iivari Kunttu, Jorma Laaksonen
Venue: Proceedings of the 16th Scandinavian Conference on Image Analysis (2009)

Motion blur and signal noise are probably the two most dominant sources of image quality degradation in digital imaging. In low light conditions, the image quality is always a tradeoff between motion blur and noise. Long exposure time is required in low illumination level in order to obtain adequate signal to noise ratio. On the other hand, risk of motion blur due to tremble of hands or subject motion increases as exposure time becomes longer. Loss of image brightness caused by shorter exposure time and consequent underexposure can be compensated with analogue or digital gains. However, at the same time also noise will be amplified. In relation to digital photography the interesting question is: What is the tradeoff between motion blur and noise that is preferred by human observers? In this paper we explore this problem. A motion blur metric is created and analyzed. Similarly, necessary measurement methods for image noise are presented. Based on a relatively large testing material, we show experimental results on the motion blur and noise behavior in different illumination conditions and their effect on the perceived image quality.
Network+ Guide to Networks
Authors: Tamara Dean
Venue:  (2009)

Knowing how to install, configure, and troubleshoot a computer network is a highly marketable and exciting skill. This book first introduces the fundamental building blocks that form a modern network, such as protocols, topologies, hardware, and network operating systems. It then provides in-depth coverage of the most important concepts in contemporary networking, such as TCP/IP, Ethernet, wireless transmission, and security. After reading the book and completing the end-of-chapter exercises, you will be prepared to select the best network design, hardware, and software for your environment. You will also have the skills to build a network from scratch and maintain, upgrade, and troubleshoot an existing network. Finally, you will be well prepared to pass CompTIA (the Computing Technology Industry Association) Network+ certification exam. This book explains concepts logically and in a clear, approachable style. In addition, concepts are reinforced by real-world examples of networking issues from a professionals standpoint. Each chapter opens with an On the Job story from a network engineer. These real-world examples, along with Hands-on Projects and Case Projects in each chapter, make this book a practical learning tool. The numerous tables and illustrations, along with the glossaries, appendices, and study questions make the book a valuable reference for any networking professional. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player