ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Specifying Dynamic Security Properties of Web Service Based Systems
Authors: Artem Vorobiev, Jun Han
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Semantics, Knowledge, and Grid (2006)

The security characteristics of web service based systems depend on those of the individual web services (WS) involved and the way in which they are related to each other. In principle, the security characteristics of WS or systems can be expressed in security properties that are published and available to external parties. Only by knowing the security properties of the individual WS another WS can invoke it (if it satisfies certain security requirements and capabilities) and the overall system's security properties can be analysed and deduced. In our earlier work, we have developed the security characterisation language, SCL, to specify the static security properties of software components and systems. In this paper, we use SCL for describing security properties of WS and further enhance this language with the capability of specifying the dynamic security characteristics. The extended version of SCL (E-SCL) incorporates such features as time, time intervals, time sequence, probability, runtime conditions, and alternative security properties. Furthermore, we have developed the WS security ontology and applied it together with E-SCL to publish the dynamic security properties of WS using OWL-S and analyse them dynamically. Our approach is illustrated with an example email system.
A Systematic Approach to Explain the Delayed Deployment of Mobile Payments in Switzerland
Authors: Jan Ondrus, Yves Pigneur
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Mobile Business (2006)

Despite the predicted success of mobile payments, the market remains immature in most countries. This can be explained by a number of technical and business issues. Mobile technology environments are becoming more complex, uncertain, and disruptive. As such, the strategic assessment of technologies remains a challenging activity. In this paper we present a systematic approach to analyze the mobile payment industry. To decompose the problem we identified two potential disruptions which could occur in this market. As we cover both the technological and the organizational aspects, we provide a more complete picture of the status of mobile payments in Switzerland. Moreover, this approach intends to unveil the factors delaying the deployment of mobile payments in Switzerland.
Design of Inquiry Learning Activity Using Wireless and Mobile Technologies
Authors: Jie Chi Yang Chih Hung Chen
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (2006)

This study aims to design an inquiry learning activity using wireless and mobile technologies for applying to science experiment course in elementary school. The authors provide clues to guide an inquiry learning activity. The inquiry activity comprises six steps, which are providing clues, getting clues, investigating and collecting data, comparing data, integrating clues, and verifying answer. The inquiry activity includes individual and group inquiry. Students use clues to find out plants having the same clue, and use embedded digital camera to take photos on the characteristic of plants based on the clue. When students came back to the classroom, they can discuss with group members using the data they collected outdoor. Based on the design, a mobile inquiry-based learning system was implemented for science experiment course. The system modules include web services and inquiry function modules. The web services function module consists of communication, record, and management functions. The inquiry function module consists of template download, data upload, and inquiry plant functions. Finally, a preliminary study was conducted to observe students' learning status.
Effects of Spatial Congruity on Audio-Visual Multimodal Integration
Authors: W. A. Teder-sälejärvi, F. Di Russo, J. J. McDonald, S. A. Hillyard
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2005)

Spatial constraints on multisensory integration of auditory (A) and visual (V) stimuli were investigated in humans using behavioral and electrophysiological measures. The aim was to find out whether cross-modal interactions between A and V stimuli depend on their spatial congruity, as has been found for multisensory neurons in animal studies (Stein & Meredith, 1993). Randomized sequences of unimodal (A or V) and simultaneous bimodal (AV) stimuli were presented to right- or left-field locations while subjects made speeded responses to infrequent targets of greater intensity that occurred in either or both modalities. Behavioral responses to the bimodal stimuli were faster and more accurate than to the unimodal stimuli for both same-location and different-location AV pairings. The neural basis of this cross-modal facilitation was studied by comparing event-related potentials (ERPs) to the bimodal AV stimuli with the summed ERPs to the unimodal A and V stimuli. These comparisons revealed neural interactions localized to the ventral occipito-temporal cortex (at 190 msec) and to the superior temporal cortical areas (at 260 msec) for both same- and different-location AV pairings. In contrast, ERP interactions that differed according to spatial congruity included a phase and amplitude modulation of visual-evoked activity localized to the ventral occipito-temporal cortex at 100&ndash;400 msec and an amplitude modulation of activity localized to the superior temporal region at 260&ndash;280 msec. These results demonstrate overlapping but distinctive patterns of multisensory integration for spatially congruent and incongruent AV stimuli.
The Method Research of Knowledge Discovery in Reservoir Management
Authors: Jun Yao, Yun Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Semantics, Knowledge, and Grid (2006)

Knowledge discovery is an important part of reservoir management, and it is also a bottleneck of widespread application of knowledge. So we should make use of some particular data mining methods to discover knowledge, which should be based on some particular fields. According to demand of oil and gas development and characters of reservoir data set, puts forward a new idea of knowledge discovery in reservoir management by the technology, such as data cleaning, data mining, knowledge evaluation, visualization, and illuminates the approach for its implication by the experiment.
Web-based historical city walks: advances and bottlenecks
Authors: Jiri Zara
Venue: Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments (2006)

This paper deals with a set of useful methods for presenting large-scale models of real cities in a web environment. While acquisition issues are outlined only briefly, this study focuses on the optimal organization of city models and efficient rendering techniques. We also address data optimization for real-time delivery. The methods under discussion are illustrated by examples taken from several existing web presentations developed by our students, especially from the Virtual Old Prague project. Although the principles are general, specific attention is paid to the use of standards developed by the Web3D Consortium.
A DCT-Based Video Object Segmentation Algorithm for Rainy Situation Using Change Detection
Authors: Da-Jinn Wang, Thou-Ho (Chao-Ha) Chen, Hung-Shiuan Liau, Tsong-Yi Chen
Venue: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Innovative Computing, Information and Control - Volume 1 (2006)

This paper proposes a DCT-based moving object extraction algorithm which is focused on rainy condition by change detection method. The DCT kchniqzle is used to decrease the rainy efect in order to construct a reliable background model. Then, we use change detection to classzfj, pixeb in video frame into the foregro~lnd region or background region so as to acquire an initial object mask. Besides, reflection eflect can be removed from initial object mask through edge detection and bounding box match. Finally, a post-processing is used lo refine the boundary of moving object by connect component labeling and morphological operation. Experimental results show lhat the proposed algorithm can provide a safisfactory segmentation resztlt in rainy situations.
Something to Believe In
Authors: Jeff Honious, Jonathan Clark
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on AGILE 2006 (2006)

Reed Elsevier implemented a "learn by doing" strategy and a managed approach to enable a large organization in an agile development process. CEO support and the promise of the benefits the process would yield were critical success factors. Picking the right project, assembling a strong team, and partnering with experts were all key in delivering on the promise. The appointment of a dedicated person accountable for the successful enablement was essential. During the journey, important lessons were learned about integrating User-Centered Design, managing release plans, and working with other teams. In addition, a stage-gate governance model was overlaid on the agile development process. This not only gave the business the means to manage investment but also provided an effective avenue for familiarizing senior management with agile principles.
Development of practical ATPG tool with flexible interface
Authors: Masayoshi YOSHIMURA, Yusuke MATSUNAGA
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th Asian Test Symposium (2006)

An ATPG tool is constructed by many functions which are pattern generation functions, fault simulation functions, static compaction functions, etc. For evaluating new idea of only one subfunction accurately, it is necessary to develop all functions of the ATPG tool. It is a serious problem for evaluating new ideas. Many of efficient techniques like static learning don't satisfy all evaluation standards of ATPG tools (high fault efficiency, short length of test patterns, and short CPU time, etc.). Effectiveness of these efficient techniques is according to the structure of circuits. If ATPG tools aren't practical, these techniques are not accurately evaluated. In FLEETS, practical and open EDA tools include ATPG tool have been developed for evaluating new ideas. The purpose of developing these EDA tools is to provide environment that facilitates evaluating new ideas. An ATPG tool which has flexible interfaces is developed as a part of environment for developing EDA tools.
Selection Measure of Illumination Instability for Multimedia Data Indexing
Authors: Xiaomeng Wu, Shunsuke Kamijo, Wenli Zhang, Masao Sakauchi
Venue: Proceedings of the Eighth IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia (2006)

In this paper, a novel approach, which automatically measures the illumination instability of the video, is proposed to provide selection measure of target video for colorbased multimedia system. An information-theoretic measure is proposed as a quantitative measure of the information distribution within an image. This measure is further extended to the video case and used to quantitatively represent the lighting condition of each scene. The illumination instability of the video is thus measured by calculating the instability of the features extracted from the extended measure. Experiments are generated to demonstrate how the proposed approach using the information-theoretic measure to take information distribution within an image into account can reflect the instability more effectively than other simple and straight-forward measures, and how to use it to provide selection measure of target video for color-based multimedia data indexing system.
Robust Controllability of Temporal Constraint Networks under Uncertainty
Authors: Hoong Chuin Lau, Jia Li, Roland H. C. Yap
Venue: Proceedings of the 18th IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence (2006)

Temporal constraint networks are embedded in many planning and scheduling problems. In dynamic problems, a fundamental challenge is to decide whether such a network can be executed as uncertainty is revealed over time. Very little work in this domain has been done in the probabilistic context. In this paper, we propose a Temporal Constraint Network (TCN) model where durations of uncertain activities are represented by random variables. We wish to know whether such a network is robust controllable, i.e. can be executed dynamically within a given failure probability, and if so, how one might find a feasible schedule as the uncertainty variables are revealed dynamically. We present a computationally tractable and efficient approach to solve this problem. Experimentally, we study how the failure probability is affected by various network properties of the underlying TCN, and the relationship of failure rates between robust and weak controllability.
The next generation software program
Authors: Frederica Darema
Venue: International Journal of Parallel Programming (2005)

The papers in this issue provide an overview of the research fostered by the NSF Next Generation Software (NGS) Program, and some representative projects funded under the program. The NGS Program was announced in October of 1998, and with several calls for proposals between 1998 and 2004 has supported research in two broad technical thrusts. One program component has supported research for developing Technology for Performance Engineered Systems (TPES) for the Design, Management and Runtime Support of Computing Systems and Applications. The second program component, Complex Application Development and runtime Support Systems (CADSS) has sought to create new systems' software technology, including enhanced compiler capabilities, and tools for the development, runtime support and dynamic composition of complex applications executing on complex computing platforms, such as Computational Grids, assemblies of embedded systems and sensor systems, as well as high-end platforms (Grids-in-a-Box) and special purpose processing systems. Work along the directions of the NGS Program presently continues under the successor program, the NSF Computer Systems Research Program.
Equalization and interference rejection for the terrestrial broadcast of digital HDTV
Authors: J. J. Nicolas, J. S. Lim
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1993. ICASSP-93 Vol 4., 1993 IEEE International Conference on - Volume 04 (1993)

The authors address the problem of transmitting digital HDTV signals in a co-channel interference (CCI) limited environment. A new signal processing technique aimed at rejecting CCI from adjacent analog transmitters is described. The focus is on a receiver structure employing a form of joint decision-feedback equalization (DFE)/trellis coded modulation to combat the interference. DFE is normally not used in coded systems because delay-free decisions are required from the decoder. It is shown that DFE can be used in the application be exploiting the cyclostationary properties of the interference. The technique has several advantages over methods previously proposed: (1) processing is constrained to the receiver; (2) the scheme is able to make use of powerful coding schemes; (3) the scheme is adaptive; and (4) reception of conventional NTSC (National Television Systems Committee) receivers is not affected by this scheme. Simulation results illustrating the performance of this receiver are given.
Model-Based Self-Adaptive Embedded Programs with Temporal Logic Specifications
Authors: Li Tan
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Quality Software (2006)

We propose a model-based framework for developing a self- adaptive embedded program, which monitors its own execu- tion and reconfigures itself at runtime to avoid failure and improve performance. Our approach uses formal methods at different design stages to reduce the complexity of devel- oping a self-adaptive embedded program. In our framework system requirement is rigidly encoded in temporal logics, and the original embedded system behavior is captured in a hybrid automaton-based model. We introduce the recon- figuration specification language REDL to specify reconfig- uration requirements, and define a formal semantics of re- configuration in context of hybrid automaton. Using formal methods also helps automate design and implementation: we use model-based runtime verification techniques intro- duced in [19] to extend a system model to a self-monitoring model based on its temporal logic requirements; we then ex- tend the self-monitoring model with a reconfiguration mech- anism based on its REDL specification. Our approach works with models, and hence it may be incorporated into exist- ing model-based design workflow: the resulting self-adaptive model can be analyzed using an existing model simulator and may be used to generate a self-adaptive embedded pro- gram for targeted platform.
Security on MASs with XML Security Specifications
Authors: Emerson Oliveira, Zair Abdelouahab, Denivaldo Lopes
Venue: Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Database and Expert Systems Applications (2006)

In the past, Multi-agent Systems were used in proprietary environments. Nowadays, these systems have been used broadly in open distributed networks, such as e-commerce applications for Internet. An environment such as the Internet cannot be considered a safe place. Thus, multi-agent systems should have security mechanisms, e.g. confidentiality and integrity. The XML Security Specifications are standards that are based on XML and provide security mechanisms. They include: XML Digital Signature for digital signature; XML Encryption for cryptography; XML Key Management Specification for Public Key Infrastructure. Agents may use a FIPA standard called RDF, which is a message content standard in XML language. Using this standard, agents can communicate exchanging XML messages, but these messages are not secure. In this article, we propose a secure communication model for agents based on RDF and the XML security specifications.
Development and Evaluation of a Bluetooth EKG Monitoring Sensor
Authors: Joshua Proulx, Ryan Clifford, Sarah Sorensen, Dah-Jye Lee, James Archibald
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th IEEE Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems (2006)

With the adoption of 2G and 3G cellular network technologies, mobile phones now have the bandwidth capability to stream data back to monitoring stations in real-time. Our paper describes the design and evaluation of a Bluetooth electrocardiogram sensor that transmits medical data to a cell phone. This data is displayed and stored on the phone. Future development of the system will relay this data over a cellular GPRS network. The current system provides a low cost and lightweight alternative to existing EKG event monitors. The final GPRS connected system will provide continuous monitoring of a patient's heart anywhere cellular coverage is available.
Scheduling Security-Critical Real-Time Applications on Clusters
Authors: Tao Xie, Xiao Qin
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (2006)

Security-critical real-time applications such as military aircraft flight control systems have mandatory security requirements in addition to stringent timing constraints. Conventional real-time scheduling algorithms, however, either disregard applications' security needs and thus expose the applications to security threats or run applications at inferior security levels without optimizing security performance. In recognition that many applications running on clusters demand both real-time performance and security, we investigate the problem of scheduling a set of independent real-time tasks with various security requirements. We build a security overhead model that can be used to reasonably measure security overheads incurred by the security-critical tasks. Next, we propose a security-aware real-time heuristic strategy for clusters (SAREC), which integrates security requirements into the scheduling for real-time applications on clusters. Further, to evaluate the performance of SAREC, we incorporate the earliest deadline first (EDF) scheduling policy into SAREC to implement a novel security-aware real-time scheduling algorithm (SAEDF). Experimental results from both real-world traces and a real application show that SAEDF significantly improves security over three existing scheduling algorithms (EDF, Least Laxity First, and First Come First Serve) by up to 266.7 percent while achieving high schedulability.
Agent interaction in distributed POMDPs and its implications on complexity
Authors: Jiaying Shen, Raphen Becker, Victor Lesser
Venue: Proceedings of the fifth international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems (2006)

The ability to coordinate effectively is critical for agents to accomplish their goals in a multi-agent system. A number of researchers have modeled the coordination problem for multi-agent systems using decision theory. The most general models have proven to be extremely complex to solve optimally (NEXP-complete). Some of the more restricted models have been much more tractable, though still difficult (NP-complete). What is missing is an understanding about why some models are much easier than others. This work fills this gap by providing a condition that distinguishes between problems in NP and those strictly harder than NP. This condition relates to the quantity of information each agent has about the others, and whether this information can be represented in a succinct way. We show that the class of problems that satisfy this condition is NP-complete. We illustrate this idea with two interaction protocols that satisfy the condition. For those problems that do not satisfy this condition we demonstrate how our theoretical results can be used to generate an NP approximation of the original problem.
Fuzzy Petri Net-Based Evaluation to the Process of ERP Implementation
Authors: Shaojun Wang, Gang Wang, Guoan Gao
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Services Computing (2006)

To avoid the risks on the process of enterprise resource planning(ERP) implementation, summarize the process of ERP implementation, and sum up the experiences and lessons, establishing an evaluation system to the process of ERP implementation. The evaluation indexes emphasized on the human-related critical factors which have important effects to implementation. An evaluation model and method based on fuzzy Petri net are proposed. This evaluation model is visible and plain, and it's possible to quantitatively evaluate the process of ERP implementation. Finally, an example was given to illustrate the use of the model.
A PAB-based multi-prefetcher mechanism
Authors: Alexander Gendler, Avi Mendelson, Yitzhak Birk
Venue: International Journal of Parallel Programming (2006)

Aggressive prefetching mechanisms improve performance of some important applications, but substantially increase bus traffic and "pressure" on cache tag arrays. They may even reduce performance of applications that are not memory bounded. We introduce a "feedback" mechanism, termed Prefetcher Assessment Buffer (PAB), which filters out requests that are unlikely to be useful. With this, applications that cannot benefit from aggressive prefetching will not suffer from their side-effects. The PAB is evaluated with different configurations, e.g., "all L1 accesses trigger prefetches" and "only misses to L1 trigger prefetches'. When compared with the non-selective concurrent use of multiple prefetchers, the PAB's application to prefetching from main memory to the L2 cache can reduce the number of loads from main memory by up to 25% without losing performance. Application of more sophisticated techniques to prefetches between the L2- and Ll-cache can increase IPC by 4% while reducing the traffic between the caches 8-fold.