ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Project Data Incorporating Qualitative Factors for Improved Software Defect Prediction
Authors: Norman Fenton, Martin Neil, William Marsh, Peter Hearty, Lukasz Radlinski, Paul Krause
Venue: Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Software Engineering Workshops (2007)

To make accurate predictions of attributes like defects found in complex software projects we need a rich set of process factors. We have developed a causal model that includes such process factors, both quantitative and qualitative. The factors in the model were identified as part of a major collaborative project. A challenge for such a model is getting the data needed to validate it. We present a dataset, elicited from 31 completed software projects in the consumer electronics industry, which we used for validation. The data were gathered using a questionnaire distributed to managers of recent projects. The dataset will be of interest to other researchers evaluating models with similar aims. We make both the dataset and causal model available for research use.
On the Behavior of LMS Adaptive Algorithm in MMSE Receivers for DS-CDMA Systems
Authors: Constantin Paleologu, Calin Vladeanu
Venue: Proceedings of the International Multi-Conference on Computing in the Global Information Technology (2007)

This paper analyzes the behavior of the Least Mean Square (LMS) adaptive algorithm in the Minimum Mean- Squared Error (MMSE) single user adaptive receiver for the asynchronous Direct Sequence -- Code Division Multiple Access (DS-CDMA) system. It is known that in this context the adaptive algorithm can be iterated several times during the same bit interval in order to achieve a faster convergence rate for the receiver, which further reduces the length of the training sequence. Instead of using such multiple iterations we propose a single equivalent formula for updating the receiver coefficients, saving significant time processing. The simulation results prove the equivalency of these approaches in terms of convergence rate performances.
Detours: binary interception of Win32 functions
Authors: Galen Hunt, Doug Brubacher
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd conference on USENIX Windows NT Symposium - Volume 3 (1999)

Innovative systems research hinges on the ability to easily instrument and extend existing operating system and application functionality. With access to appropriate source code, it is often trivial to insert new instrumentation or extensions by rebuilding the OS or application. However, in today's world of commercial software, researchers seldom have access to all relevant source code. We present Detours, a library for instrumenting arbitrary Win32 functions on x86 machines. Detours intercepts Win32 functions by re-writing target function images. The Detours package also contains utilities to attach arbitrary DLLs and data segments (called payloads) to any Win32 binary. While prior researchers have used binary rewriting to insert debugging and profiling instrumentation, to our knowledge, Detours is the first package on any platform to logically preserve the un-instrumented target function (callable through a trampoline) as a subroutine for use by the instrumentation. Our unique trampoline design is crucial for extending existing binary software. We describe our experiences using Detours to create an automatic distributed partitioning system, to instrument and analyze the DCOM protocol stack, and to create a thunking layer for a COM-based OS API. Micro-benchmarks demonstrate the efficiency of the Detours library.
Optimizing the performance of dynamically-linked programs
Authors: W. Wilson Ho, Wei-Chau Chang, Lilian H. Leung
Venue: Proceedings of the USENIX 1995 Technical Conference Proceedings on USENIX 1995 Technical Conference Proceedings (1995)

Dynamically-linked programs in general do not perform as well as statically-linked programs. This paper identifies three main areas that account for the performance loss. First, symbols are referenced indirectly and thus extra instructions are required. Second, the overhead in run-time symbol resolution is significant. Third, poor locality of functions in shared libraries and data structures maintained by the run-time linker may result in poor memory utilization. This paper presents new optimization techniques we developed that address these three areas and significantly improve the performance of dynamically-linked programs. Also, we provide measurements of the performance improvement achieved. Most importantly, we show that all desirable features of shared libraries can be achieved without sacrificing performance.
How to Solve a Cubic Equation, Part 4: The 111 Case
Authors: James F. Blinn
Venue: IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications (2007)

Jim Blinn continues his discussion on solving cubic equations
Smart box architecture
Authors: Bülent Yener
Venue: Proceedings of the Workshop on Intelligence at the Network Edge (2000)

Fundamentally the IP-based networking is designed for delivering data traffic with best-effort service, thus it is not capable of providing end-to-end QoS. Several architectures have been proposed for providing QoS in the Internet: The integrated services (Intserv) model is based on reservations and can provide QoS, however; it is not scalable. The differentiated services (Diffserv) approach is scalable but falls short of ensuring deterministic guarantees --in particular for the services that belong to the same class. Finally, the multi protocol label switching (MPLS) architecture provides mechanisms for QoS-based routing but does not have the necessary resource management and scheduling support to ensure it. This work proposes a hybrid solution which combines the best of these technologies. First, at the network boundary Diffserv like Service Level Agreements (SLA) are provided to users by intelligent edge routers called the SBoX servers. An SBoX server uses Class Based Queuing (CBQ) with a hierarchy of flow aggregation. At the top a commodity-flow is defined for the aggregate flow between a pair of egress points. The packets of the same commodity-flow are marked by an MPLS label, which is globally unique within an Autonomous System (AS). Each commodity flow is partitioned to a set of macro-flows which are offered to users as SLAs. An SBoX server manages macro-flows and commodity flows only, and leaves the management of each macro-flow (at the micro-flow level based on some policies) to the enterprise/users which signed the SLA. Second, the commodity-flows are managed and supported inside the network by an add-on Label Switching Router (LSR) called the SBoX router which performs MPLS of commodity-flows with CBQ. The main reason for an add on solution is the lack of end-to-end deployment of LSRs, and the vertically integrated architecture of the legacy routers. This paper explains the SBoX architecture and reports experimental results obtained on a prototype network.
Too Many Robots, Too Little Time
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th IEEE International Symposium on Asynchronous Circuits and Systems (2007)

Robots not only can be useful, but also can entertain. From the robot fountains at Bellagio to humanoid figures and Jurassic park dinosaurs, Sarcos has applied new technology to make things move in complex and entertaining ways. Major improvements in the cost and reliability of sensors and actuators have made these projects possible; improvements that also apply to more practical work in robots for demanding and dangerous tasks. Along the way we've learned much about the behavior of people interacting with robots - our engineers, our artists, our clients and their audiences.
A Novel Band-Pass Sigma-Delta Modulator for Capacitive Pressure Sensing
Authors: J. Haze, R. Vrba, L. Fujcik, J. Forejtek, P. Zavoral, M. Pavlik, L. Michaeli
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Systems (2007)

The paper deals with bandpass sigma-delta modulator (BP SDM), which is used for conversion of signal from capacitive pressure sensor. This approach is absolutely new and unique, because this kind of modulators is utilized only for wireless and video applications. The main advantage of BP SDM is due to its defined band. That is why it is resistant against offsets of its subcuircits. Another important advantage is low power consumption, since the BP SDM digitizes only narrow band instead of whole Nyquist band with similar dynamic range. The paper shows basic ideas of this approach and simulation results with ideal and real modulator. The main stages are implemented in switched-capacitor (SC) technique. The modulator layout is presented as well.
Detection and identification of odorants using an electronic nose
Authors: R. Polikar
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2001. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 05 (2001)

Gas sensing systems for detection and identification of odorant molecules are of crucial importance in an increasing number of applications. Such applications include environmental monitoring, food quality assessment, airport security, and detection of hazardous gases. We describe a gas sensing system for detecting and identifying volatile organic compounds (VOC), and discuss the unique problems associated with the separability of signal patterns obtained by using such a system. We then present solutions for enhancing the separability of VOC patterns to enable classification. A new incremental learning algorithm that allows new odorants to be learned is also introduced.
Matched filter design for diphone subspace models
Authors: K. Reinhard
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 06 (2000)

Considering the perceptual importance of phonetic transitions as minimal contextual variant units, this paper addresses the problem by modelling explicitly interphone dynamics covered in diphones. Subspace projections based on a time-constrained PCA (TC-PCA) are developed which focus on the temporal evolution. They reveal characteristic trajectories present in a low-dimensional spectral representation facilitating robust parameter estimation and simultaneously optimise the discriminant information. A matched filter design is applied to a multiple hypotheses rescoring scheme which enables operating in very low-dimensional parameter space. Using such multiple hypotheses paradigm the complementary information effectiveness of modelling explicitly inter-phone dynamics covered in diphones can be shown using the TIMIT database, resulting in improved phone error rates.
Categorical Combinatorics for Innocent Strategies
Authors: Russ Harmer, Martin Hyland, Paul-Andre Mellies
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd Annual IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science (2007)

We show how to construct the category of games and innocent strategies from a more primitive category of games. On that category we define a comonad and monad with the former distributing over the latter. Innocent strategies are the maps in the induced two-sided Kleisli category. Thus the problematic composition of innocent strategies reflects the use of the distributive law. The composition of simple strategies, and the combinatorics of pointers used to give the comonad and monad are themselves described in categorical terms. The notions of view and of legal play arise naturally in the explanation of the distributivity. The category-theoretic perspective provides a clear discipline for the necessary combinatorics.
The Effect of Terminal Movement on the Performance of IEEE 802.11 g Wireless LAN Systems in Simulated Radio Channels
Authors: Aki Silvennoinen, Michael Hall, Sven-Gustav Häggman
Venue: Wireless Personal Communications: An International Journal (2007)

The effect of terminal movement on the performance of the IEEE 802.11 g wireless LAN (WLAN) system is evaluated using a measurement set-up including a radio channel simulator. The evaluation is based on laboratory measurements of WLAN PC cards in different simulated radio environments. In the measurements, two different radio channel models are used; the exponential channel model and the UMTS vehicular channel model. The measurement results indicate promising operation of IEEE 802.11 g WLAN systems as such. However, the use of different packet sizes has a significant effect on the system behaviour. With large packets the terminal is more likely to experience channel estimation errors than with small packets. This is due to the fact that the IEEE 802.11 g receiver estimates the channel only once per frame, and uses this estimation over the entire frame. Based on the measurement results we suggest a modification to the medium access control (MAC) layer operation that overcomes this problem: the use of optimized fragmentation.
How Good is the Advice You Receive? The Influence of Social Value Orientation and Knowledge Asymmetry on the Formulation of Advice
Authors: Samantha P. L. Lee, Marcus O'Connor
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (2007)

What motivates advisors in the formulation of their advice? People seek advice so as to improve the quality of their decisions. But is the advice provided of a consistent quality in all circumstances? We suggest that advice formulation is a selective process. The quality of advice given to a decision maker, far from being consistent, is shaped by a number of factors, including the social value orientations of the advisors and knowledge asymmetry between advisors and their clients. A pilot study was conducted to assess the effect of social value orientations and knowledge asymmetry on the optimality of the advice provided by advisors. Results suggested advice optimality was influenced by knowledge asymmetry between the parties but not by the social value orientations of the advisors. Prosocials were found to exhibit the same type of strategic behaviour observed in competitors.
Progressive multiples for communication-minded visualization
Authors: Doantam Phan, Andreas Paepcke, Terry Winograd
Venue: Proceedings of Graphics Interface 2007 (2007)

This paper describes a communication-minded visualization called progressive multiples that supports both the forensic analysis and presentation of multidimensional event data. We combine ideas from progressive disclosure, which reveals data to the user on demand, and small multiples [21], which allows users to compare many images at once. Sets of events are visualized as timelines. Events are placed in temporal order on the x-axis, and a scalar dimension of the data is mapped to the y-axis. To support forensic analysis, users can pivot from an event in an existing timeline to create a new timeline of related events. The timelines serve as an exploration history, which has two benefits. First, this exploration history allows users to backtrack and explore multiple paths. Second, once a user has concluded an analysis, these timelines serve as the raw visual material for composing a story about the analysis. A narrative that conveys the analytical result can be created for a third party by copying and reordering timelines from the history. Our work is motivated by working with network security administrators and researchers in political communication. We describe a prototype that we are deploying with administrators and the results of a user study where we applied our technique to the visualization of a simulated epidemic.
An MPI mitigation technique for high order data modulations in the presence of intracell interference
Authors: Jonghyung Kwun, Hyunkyu Yu, Goohyun Park, Daesik Hong, Changeon Kang
Venue: Proceedings of the The 8th International Conference on Communication Systems - Volume 01 (2002)

Increasing throughput using high order data modulations in downlink WCDMA systems requires the elimination of the multipath interference (MPI). Linear chip equalizers using zero forcing (ZF) and minimum mean square error (MMSE) were proposed in downlink. A multipath interference canceller (MPIC) using weighted multi-stage parallel interference cancellation (PIC) was introduced in high speed downlink packet access (HSDPA) systems. We propose a multipath interference mitigation algorithm which removes the MPI in the presence of intracell interference. The proposed algorithm employs a linear tentative decision device with null zone in order to eliminate the MPI for intracell interference. As the intracell interference power increases, the proposed algorithm exhibits better performance compared with the RAKE and the MPIC.
Real-time anonymization in passive network monitoring
Authors: Sven Ubik, Petr Zejdl, Jiri Halak
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Networking and Services (2007)

Passive network monitoring that observes user traffic has many advantages over active monitoring that uses test packets. It can provide characteristics of real user traffic, that cannot be detected actively. However, when processing user traffic, wemust guarantee user privacy. This is a task of packet header anonymization that removes sensitive information, while keeping as much as possible of the original traffic properties. In this paper we present design and implementation of an FPGA-based packet header anonymization that unlike previous approaches operates in real time and prevents sensitive information from getting to the monitoring PC and beyond.
Computationally efficient version of the decision feedback equalizer
Authors: R. Gupta
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1999. on 1999 IEEE International Conference - Volume 03 (1999)

We propose a computationally efficient version of the decision feedback equalizer (DFE) and compare its performance with the conventional DFE. The proposed equalizer requires fewer taps than the conventional one. This reduces the computational load proportionally and leads to faster adaptation. Identical performance of the two structures in terms of probability of error is also demonstrated using both theoretical and simulation results.
Root contours of two-dimensional prediction polynomials
Authors: A. Saidi
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 05 (1996)

Two-dimensional signals with linear move-out appear in many array signal processing applications such as wide-band direction finding, ground clutter in airborne radar systems, seismic data and so on. We present a simple approach to modeling 2-D signals with linear move-out characteristics. Linear prediction is used to examine the various regions of support for the all-pole modeling of these signals. In addition, the relationship between the slope of the signal and the model parameters is derived and extensions to other regions of support, such as elliptical are presented.
Generating the Voronoi-Delaunay Dual Diagram for Co-Volume Integration Schemes
Authors: Igor Sazonov, Oubay Hassan, Ken Morgan, Nigel P. Weatherill
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Voronoi Diagrams in Science and Engineering (2007)

Advantages of co-volume methods (based on the use of a high quality Voronoi diagram and the dual Delaunay mesh) for two- and three-dimensional computational electromagnetics are well known. The co-volume method is faster than traditional methods for an unstructured mesh and needs less memory. The co-volume integration scheme preserves energy, i.e. gives high accuracy of wave amplitude. It also gives better accuracy if the scattering objects has sharp corners or vertices. However, the co-volume method requires use of high quality unstructured dual Voronoi-Delaunay diagrams which cannot be created by classical mesh generation methods. For two-dimensional problems, a stitching method gives the best mesh quality for a wide variety of domains. Generation of a three-dimensional dual mesh appropriate for the use of a co-volume scheme is a much more difficult issue. Here, an approach is being developed where the main ideas of the stitching method are exploited. Some examples of three-dimensional meshes generated by this new method, as well as the results of the integration of Maxwell's equations on those meshes, are presented.
Improving ICE Service Selection in a P2P System using the Gradient Topology
Authors: Jim Dowling, Jan Sacha, Seif Haridi
Venue: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Self-Adaptive and Self-Organizing Systems (2007)

Internet Connectivity Establishment (ICE) is becoming increasingly important for P2P systems on the open Internet, as it enables NAT-bound peers to provide accessible services. A problem for P2P systems that provide ICE services is how peers discover good quality ICE servers for NAT traversal, that is, the TURN and STUN servers that provide relaying and hole-punching services, respectively. Skype provides a P2P-based solution to this problem, where super-peers provide ICE services. However, experimental analysis of Skype indicates that peers perform a random walk of super-peers to find one with an acceptable roundtrip latency. In this paper, we discuss a self-organizing approach to discovering good quality ICE servers in a P2P system based the walk Topology. The walk Topology uses information about each peer's ability to provide ICE services (open IP address, available bandwidth and expected session times) to construct a topology where the "better" peers for providing ICE services cluster in the center of the topology; this adaptation of the super-peer search space reduces the problem of finding a good quality ICE server from a random walk to a gradient ascent search.
Tutorial T8B: Performance Debugging of Complex Embedded Systems
Authors: Samarjit Chakraborty, Abhik Roychoudhury
Venue: Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on VLSI Design held jointly with 6th International Conference: Embedded Systems (2007)

Modern embedded systems are often associated with stringent performance, cost and power constraints. Hence, designing such systems involve guaranteeing that these constraints are met, apart from the usual functional validation. Such systems typically consist of a heterogeneous collection of processors, specialized memory subsystems, and partially programmable or fixed-function components. This heterogeneity, coupled with issues such as hardware/software partitioning, mapping, scheduling, etc., leads to a large number of design possibilities, thereby making performance debugging of such systems a difficult problem. This tutorial will provide a comprehensive overview of the recent developments on this front, with focus on timing analysis. In particular we will cover the following issues.
Extra-curricular education-the Labor of Love project
Authors: J. R. Mountain
Venue: Proceedings of the 30th Annual Frontiers in Education - Volume 02 (2000)

Group based projects are an effective learning technique in many areas of higher education. Skills and techniques attributable to hands-on projects can only be alluded to in a typical classroom environment. The structured environment of a class project is frequently perceived as a mere extension of the classroom, with the same type of rules, deadlines and deliverables perpetuating the adversarial student-educator relationship. While many nationwide, project oriented contests exist, such as the SAE Mini Formula and the Solar Splash, they are highly structured and may not exceed the facility capabilities of a given university. Therefore a need exists for a long term, unstructured project, created and developed by students, but facilitated by an interested faculty member. This can provide a unique learning environment where faculty and students act as partners working towards a common goal, rather than adversaries. This type of extra-curricular education will allow students an opportunity to develop, enhance and test their skills, develop an enjoyable working relationship with the faculty member, and apply their classroom studies in a relevant context. Beginning in spring 2000, students in the engineering programs at the University of Texas at Tyler are invited to join with faculty in Labor of Love projects in the Mechatronics and Instrumentation Laboratory.