ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Study of IPv6 Multicast Deployment in MPLS Netw
Authors: Wim Verrydt, Ciprian Popoviciu
Venue: Proceedings of the International Multi-Conference on Computing in the Global Information Technology (2006)

Multi Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) [1] has been widely deployed in both service provider and enterprise networks alike. The main drivers for deploying an MPLS based forwarding mechanism for IPv4 include Layer 2 [2] and Layer 3 [3] Virtual Private Networks, and Traffic Engineering [4] and Fast Reroute [5]. The protocol transparency of MPLS infrastructures can also be leveraged, with minimal core impact, to provide IPv6 services. MPLS 6PE (Provider Edge) [6] has proven to be a popular and widely deployed architecture for forwarding IPv6 unicast packets across an IPv4 / MPLS enabled core infrastructure. Along with unicast connectivity, today's networks are more and more often required to support IP multicast services as well. It is estimated that new types of end-user applications will significantly increase the need for deploying IPv4 and IPv6 multicast solutions. This paper discusses two possible architecture options for deploying IPv6 multicast [7] forwarding across an already existing IPv4 / MPLS enabled core infrastructure. In both of the scenarios, IPv6 unicast packets are transported through an MPLS 6PE solution.
An investigation of design factors of game-based electronic learning environments
Authors: Kamran Sedighian
Venue: Proceedings of the 1996 international conference on Learning sciences (1996)

Many children find mathematics subjects difficult to learn, boring, and irrelevant to their lives. In order to engage children in learning mathematics, different computer-based learning tools have been developed and tried, such as microworlds and intelligent tutoring systems. These tools have added a lot of richness to the field of computer-based learning environments, however, they seem to have failed to address the needs of all children. One of the reasons for this is that not all children are motivated by the same things or learn in the same fashion [Schmeck, 1988]. Hence, the educational needs of children should be addressed through a variety of tools. Some researchers have suggested that computer games can provide motivating mathematics learning environments for children. The overall objective of my research is to investigate how to design game-based electronic learning environments aimed at helping children learn formal mathematics concepts. The issues involved in this research include devising effective educational interfaces, identifying design features that would make educational games fun and motivating, and examining ways in which such tools might be used.
WEBVIGIL: MONITORING MULTIPLE WEB PAGES AND PRESENTATION OF XML PAGES
Authors: Sharavan Chamakura, Alpa Sachde, Sharma Chakravarthy, Akshaya Arora
Venue: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Data Engineering Workshops (2005)

In the case of large-scale distributed environments such as the Internet, users are interested in monitoring changes to a particular web page (XML or HTML). There are many instances in which the change detection is required at a finer granularity, such as changes to links, images, phrases or keywords in a page. WebVigiL is a general-purpose, change monitoring, notification and presentation system for web pages. It handles specification, management, and propagation of customized changes as requested by a user in an efficient way. When the user specifies an URL, it may contain frames instead of a single content page; this entails additional pages to be fetched from the frames for detecting changes. In this paper we propose different approaches for detecting changes over pages containing frames and generalizing it in terms of depth. We also address the case of monitoring multiple web pages for different change types with a single request. As there are no presentation semantics and tags, manual identification of the detected changes is difficult on a XML web page. Once detected, changes have to be notified to the user in a meaningful manner. In this paper we also propose various presentation schemes to display the changes computed on XML pages.
Time to meet face-to-face and device-to-device
Authors: Oskar Juhlin, Mattias Östergren
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th conference on Human-computer interaction with mobile devices and services (2006)

We examine mobile face-to-face meeting support systems applied to public places and analyse how the temporality of meetings influence the interaction between anonymous participants. Here we uncover a duration paradox. Prolonged meetings between unacquainte people may seem suitable for support systems, since they allow for significant human-computer interaction. At the same time, prolonged meetings can lead to embarrassing consequences, and participants may lose their anonymity. Brief meetings give little opportunity for interacting with systems. But the participants are more prone to provide personal information since the risk of loosing their anonymity is less acute.
Toward Reconciling Availability, Consistency and Integrity in Replicated Information Systems
Authors: H. Decker, F. D. Munoz-Escoi, J. E. Armendariz-Inigo
Venue: Proceedings of the International Multi-Conference on Computing in the Global Information Technology (2006)

The availability of information systems benefits from distributed replication. Different applications and users require different degrees of data availability, consistency and integrity. The latter are perceived as competing objectives that need to be reconciled by appropriate replication strategies. We outline work in progress on a replication architecture for distributed information systems. It simultaneously maintains several protocols, so that it can be re-configured on the fly to the actual needs of availability, consistency and integrity of possibly simultaneous applications and users.
The Mellin-wavelet transform
Authors: D. Nelson
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1995. on International Conference - Volume 02 (1995)

Most machine speech analysis and processing is based on a warped spectral representation. The intent of the paper is to present a method by which proper warped representations can be computed efficiently. In the case of log-warping functions, the methods of the paper produce a wavelet-like transform as a linear convolution of a single log-warped wavelet basis element and a log-warped representation of the signal. The resulting doubly warped transform is referred to in the paper as a Mellin-wavelet transform. The majority of the paper is devoted to deriving design parameters for implementation of the transform, with speech as the primary application.
Average-BasedWorkload Allocation Strategy for QoS-Constrained Jobs In A Web Service-Oriented Grid
Authors: Yash Patel, John Darlington
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th IEEE on International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference Workshops (2006)

The success of web services has influenced the way in which Grid applications are being written. Web services are increasingly used as a means to realise service-oriented distributed computing. Grid users often submit their applications in the form of workflows with certain Quality of Service (QoS) requirements imposed on the workflows. These workflows detail the composition of web services and the level of service required from the Grid. This paper addresses workload allocation techniques for Grid workflows. We model a web service as a G / G/ k queue and minimise failures (QoS requirement violation) of jobs by solving a mixed-integer non-linear program (MINLP). The novel approach is evaluated through an experimental simulation and the results confirm that the proposed workload allocation strategy performs considerably better in terms of satisfying QoS requirements of Grid workflows than scheduling algorithms that don't employ such workload allocation techniques.
Remote Memory Management and Prefetching Techniques for Jobs in Grid
Authors: S. Radha, S. Mary Saira Bhanu, N. P. Gopalan
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Semantics, Knowledge, and Grid (2006)

Predominant resources for execution of any application are computational power and memory. On one side, computational power has grown many folds faster than memory capacity. On the other side, application's memory requirements have kept on increasing from time to time. Application's minimum memory requirement influences job scheduling decision in grid. But once the application starts executing it faces memory pressure i.e. increase in memory requirement. This could be handled by remote memory paging - moving pages from memory loaded machine to remote machine with unused memory. Highly unpredictable network latency in grid has direct impact on the remote memory access latency. The idea of prediction and prefetching can be adapted to reduce this latency. Profile based and Markov based prediction models are explored in this paper. The experiments on memory intensive applications show that the Markov based model has better accuracy and profile based prediction provide good coverage.
Engineering Emergence
Authors: Susan Stepney, Fiona A. C. Polack, Heather R. Turner
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th IEEE International Conference on Engineering of Complex Computer Systems (2006)

We explore various definitions and characteristics of emergence, how we might recognise and measure emergence, and how we might engineer emergent systems. We discuss the TUNA ("Theory Underpinning Nanotech Assemblers") project, which is investigating emergent engineering in the context of molecular nanotechnology, and use the TUNA case study to explore an architecture suitable for emergent complex systems.
A technique for reducing normal-form games to compute a Nash equilibrium
Authors: Vincent Conitzer, Tuomas Sandholm
Venue: Proceedings of the fifth international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems (2006)

We present a technique for reducing a normal-form (aka. (bi)matrix) game, O, to a smaller normal-form game, R, for the purpose of computing a Nash equilibrium. This is done by computing a Nash equilibrium for a subcomponent, G, of O for which a certain condition holds. We also show that such a subcomponent G on which to apply the technique can be found in polynomial time (if it exists), by showing that the condition that G needs to satisfy can be modeled as a Horn satisfiability problem. We show that the technique does not extend to computing Pareto-optimal or welfare-maximizing equilibria. We present a class of games, which we call ALAGIU (Any Lower Action Gives Identical Utility) games, for which recursive application of (special cases of) the technique is sufficient for finding a Nash equilibrium in linear time. Finally, we discuss using the technique to compute approximate Nash equilibria.
Designing simulation experiments
Authors: Russell R. Barton
Venue: Proceedings of the 36th conference on Winter simulation (2004)

Simulation models provide relatively fast and inexpensive estimates of the performance of alternative system configurations and/or alternative operating procedures. This tutorial provides some techniques for planning a set of simulation model runs, in order to gain insight on system behavior. There is an emphasis on graphical methods for planning the experiment and displaying the results.
IEEE 802.11 based vehicular communication simulation design for NS-2
Authors: Qi Chen, Daniel Jiang, Vikas Taliwal, Luca Delgrossi
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd international workshop on Vehicular ad hoc networks (2006)

DSRC is a promising IEEE 802.11 based wireless technology that enables advanced active vehicle safety, among other applications. NS-2 is a common and familiar communication simulation tool for researchers. The current NS-2 distribution package, however, is not completely ready to accommodate the requirements of IEEE 802.11 (i.e. DSRC) based vehicular communication research. In this paper, we present an overview on the pre-existing wireless simulation architecture design in the NS-2 distribution code. We then describe our improvements to the IEEE 802.11 PHY and MAC modules in NS-2. The resulting simulator is a more accurate simulation tool for DSRC in particular and IEEE 802.11 based wireless communication research in general.
Using queuing theory to predict organizational metrics
Authors: Bryan Horling, Victor Lesser
Venue: Proceedings of the fifth international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems (2006)

Most existing organizational design processes focus on either the qualitative or domain-independent features of candidate designs. This paper demonstrates the significance of domain-specific features through an examination of an organizationally-driven information retrieval network. The behavior of a distributed search process and the consequences of hierarchical control are described. A model capable of predicting these characteristics is created in the ODML framework using techniques from queuing theory. This model can be used to guide the search for an appropriate design.
Load prediction models in web-based systems
Authors: Mauro Andreolini, Sara Casolari
Venue: Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Performance evaluation methodolgies and tools (2006)

Run-time management of modern Web-based services requires the integration of several algorithms and mechanisms for job dispatching, load sharing, admission control, overload detection. All these algorithms should take decisions on the basis of present and/or future load conditions of the system resources. In particular, we address the issue of predicting future resource loads under real-time constraints in the context of Internet-based systems. In this situation, it is extremely difficult to deduce a representative view of a system resource from collected raw measures that show very large variability even at different time scales. For this reason, we propose a two-step approach that first aims to get a representative view of the load trend from measured raw data, and then applies a load prediction algorithm to load trends. This approach is suitable to support different decision systems even for highly variable contexts and is characterized by a computational complexity that is compatible to run-time decisions. The proposed models are applied to a multi-tier Web-based system, but the results can be extended to other Internet-based contexts where the systems are characterized by similar workloads and resource behaviors.
Two Corticotectal Areas Facilitate Multisensory Orientation Behavior
Authors: Wan Jiang, Huai Jiang, Barry E. Stein
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2002)

It had previously been shown that influences from two cortical areas, the anterior ectosylvian sulcus (AES) and the rostral lateral suprasylvian sulcus (rLS), play critical roles in rendering superior colliculus (SC) neurons capable of synthesizing their cross-modal inputs. The present studies examined the consequences of selectively eliminating these cortical influences on SC-mediated orientation responses to cross-modal stimuli. Cats were trained to orient to a low-intensity modality-specific cue (visual) in the presence or absence of a neutral cue from another modality (auditory). The visual target could appear at various locations within 45&deg; of the midline, and the stimulus effectiveness was varied to yield an average of correct orientation responses of approximately 45%. Response enhancement and depression were observed when the auditory cue was coupled with the target stimulus: A substantially enhanced probability in correct responses was evident when the cross-modal stimuli were spatially coincident, and a substantially decreased response probability was obtained when the stimuli were spatially disparate. Cryogenic blockade of either AES or rLS disrupted these behavioral effects, thereby eliminating the enhanced performance in response to spatially coincident cross-modal cues and degrading the depressed performance in response to spatially disparate cross-modal cues. These disruptive effects on targets contralateral to the deactivated cortex were restricted to multisensory interactive processes. Orientation to modality-specific targets was unchanged. Furthermore, the pattern of orientation errors was unaffected by cortical deactivation. These data bear striking similarities to the effects of AES and rLS deactivation on multisensory integration at the level of individual SC neurons. Presumably, eliminating the critical influences from AES or rLS cortex disrupts SC multisensory synthesis that, in turn, disables SC-mediated multisensory orientation behaviors.
A Power-Aware Technique for Functional Units in High-Performance Processors
Authors: Guadalupe Minana, Oscar Garnica, Jose Ignacio Hidalgo, Juan Lanchares, Jose Manuel Colmenar
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th EUROMICRO Conference on Digital System Design (2006)

This paper presents a hardware technique to reduce the static and dynamic power consumption in Functional Units of a 64-bit superscalar processor. Our approach is based on substituting some of the 64-bit power-hungry adders by others with 32-bit lower powerconsumption adders, and modifying the protocol in order to issue as much instructions as possible to those low power-consumption units incurring a negligible performance penalty. Our technique saves between 14.7% and a 50 % of the power-consumption in the adders which is between 6.1% and a 20% of powerconsumption in the execution units. This reduction is important because it can avoid the creation of a hot spot on the functional units.
Control theory to accelerator research and self-focused bunched beam
Authors: Z. Parsa, V. Zadorozhny, A. Rudenko
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 International Conference on Physics and Control - Volume 3 (2003)

A new approach to a nonlinear bunched beam dynamics based on the self-consistent Vlasov equation is presented. The main emphasis is given on the direct Lyapunov method in case of a vector field (on a compact manifold with a singular point) to finding a solution to Vlasov-Poisson equation (VPE). The VPE is transformed into a Fredholm equation in an attraction region. These properties are linked to the self-focusing and acceleration of a bunched beam.
A Framework for Handling Security Problems in Grid Environment using Web Services Security Specifications
Authors: Sarbjeet Singh, Seema Bawa
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Semantics, Knowledge, and Grid (2006)

Grid Computing aims to integrate large number of heterogeneous, geographically distributed resources and services to create the illusion of a simple and powerful virtual supercomputer. Clearly, security is a serious concern in such a big environment. The environment needs to be secure in terms of access and communication in order for it to be widely used and acceptable. The large number of user base and administrative domains, with differing security requirements, policies and trust relationships, interact in a complex manner to access resources. This give rise to security problems that are not addressed by traditional distributed computing environments. This paper presents, at a high level, web services security specifications based security model to address security requirements of grid services. The model is simple, flexible, adaptable and is based on extended use of web services security specifications. We also present a prototype implementation of the proposed model.
Sensor networks of freely drifting autonomous underwater explorers
Authors: Jules Jaffe, Curt Schurgers
Venue: Proceedings of the 1st ACM international workshop on Underwater networks (2006)

With the increasing sophistication of both manned and unmanned systems for remote ocean exploration, a wealth of knowledge about heretofore-unknown oceanic processes has become available. However, no technologies currently exist to observe organisms and processes without disturbing them, as they move with the natural motion of the oceans. We propose a new class of ocean sensing, whereby free-floating underwater devices operate autonomously and collaborate through an acoustic underwater network between them. This new class of sensing will provide a window into understanding the multifaceted interactions between the ocean's currents, underwater ecosystems and our impact on them. In this paper, we will present the design of our underwater vehicle, which drifts freely with the ocean currents and is equipped with a buoyancy control piston. Results from sea tests illustrate the feasibility of our design, including its depth tracking abilities.
Modeling for Investment Guidance as a Performance Pre-assessment Method of Enterprise Integration
Authors: Jian Zhou, Qing Li, DaFeng Xu, TianYuan Xiao
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th IEEE on International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference Workshops (2006)

Current enterprise performance research focuses on the post-assessment and is always lack of approaches about the necessary pre-assessment. In this paper a modeling method for investment guidance of enterprise integration is proposed, which is a significant pre-assessment method. Because of the numerous dynamic and subjective indicators of performance, modeling method presented in this paper is mainly based on the fuzzy rule for its natural advantages in this area. Firstly, considering the research requirements discussed in the literature review, the performance modeling framework for investment guidance is put forward grounded on the process model. Secondly, the original motivation to employ the fuzzy logic method is discussed and a theorem with logical criteria is suggested for conflict and redundancy validation of fuzzy rules which is necessary for performance modeling. Finally, the model for investment guidance is constructed and then a non-linear programming model is formulated to optimize the investment of enterprise integration.
Transient analysis of RED queues: a quantitative analysis of buffer-occupancy fluctuations and relevant time-scales
Authors: Stefan Rank, Hans-Peter Schwefel
Venue: Performance Evaluation (2006)

This paper presents an analytic model for the transient behavior of the buffer occupancy in Random Early Detection (RED) queues under temporarily constant input traffic. The model shows that depending on the parameter choice, two types of qualitatively different behavior can be observed: (1) attenuated oscillation and (2) exponential convergence. The conditions for the occurrence of this behavior are derived as well as quantitative parameters, in particular relaxation times, that allow to quantify the time-scales on which that transient behavior is observed. The model is subsequently applied to investigate an example scenario based on RED queues in a DiffServ QoS concept in which traffic changes are caused by mobility events.
The Fit between Mobile Task and Mobile Work Support: A Theoretical Framework
Authors: Yufei Yuan, Wuping Zheng
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Mobile Business (2006)

In this paper we propose a theoretical model to assess the effectiveness of mobile work support by investigating the fit between mobile task and mobile work support. The mobile task has been investigated along five dimensions: task difficulty, task interdependency, time-criticality, mobility, and location dependency. The functionality of mobile support technology is categorized along five dimensions: portable processing power, mobile communication, mobile online information access, mobile job dispatch, and location-aware services. Propositions are proposed for testing the impact of the fit between mobile task and mobile support on the performance of mobile worker.