ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Efficient numerical simulation of GaAs MESFET's based on energy model and using interpolating wavelet: Research Articles
Authors: Y. Soltani Mohammadi, A. Abdipour, A. Mohammadi, G. Moradi
Venue: International Journal of Numerical Modelling: Electronic Networks, Devices and Fields (2006)

A fast wavelet based non-uniform grid generation method is presented for time domain simulation of active semiconductor devices. The proposed approach solves the active part model of the semiconductor device. This approach is used to solve the non-linear equations of semiconductors on the self-adaptive grids, obtained by applying wavelet. Non-uniform mesh size is implemented and controlled by the wavelet coefficients. A fine mesh is used where the unknowns are varying rapidly and a coarser mesh where the unknowns are varying slowly. The energy model is considered for active layer of transistor and its results are compared with those of the classical drift diffusion model. Performance of this method is compared with the conventional finite difference on a uniform mesh. A reduction over 80 percent of unknowns in grid together with good accuracy in simulation is obtained using this non-uniform mesh while accurate physical behaviour of the device can be predicted. This represents an ongoing effort toward a numerical technique that uses wavelet to solve physical modelling problem of semiconductor devices. Copyright &copy; 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Routing algorithms for delay-insensitive and delay-sensitive applications in underwater sensor networks
Authors: Dario Pompili, Tommaso Melodia, Ian F. Akyildiz
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking (2006)

Underwater sensor networks consist of sensors and vehicles deployed to perform collaborative monitoring tasks over a given region. Underwater sensor networks will find applications in oceano-graphic data collection, pollution monitoring, offshore exploration, disaster prevention, assisted navigation, tactical surveillance, and mine reconnaissance. Underwater acoustic networking is the enabling technology for these applications. In this paper, an architecture for three-dimensional underwater sensor networks is considered, and a model characterizing the acoustic channel utilization efficiency is introduced, which allows investigating some fundamental characteristics of the underwater environment. In particular, the model allows setting the optimal packet size for underwater communications given monitored volume, density of the sensor network, and application requirements. Moreover, the problem of data gathering is investigated at the network layer by considering the cross-layer interactions between the routing functions and the characteristics of the underwater acoustic channel. Two distributed routing algorithms are introduced for delay-insensitive and delay-sensitive applications. The proposed solutions allow each node to select its next hop, with the objective of minimizing the energy consumption taking the varying condition of the underwater channel and the different application requirements into account. The proposed routing solutions are shown to achieve the performance targets by means of simulation.
MBC-based shape retrieval: basics, optimizations, and open problems
Authors: Maytham Safar, Cyrus Shahabi
Venue: Multimedia Tools and Applications (2006)

Shape of an object is an important feature for image and multimedia similarity retrievals. In our previous studies we introduced a new $$boundary$$ - $$based$$ technique ( $$MBC$$ - $$based$$ ) for shape retrieval and compared its performance to other techniques. In this study, we describe in detail the basics of our $$MBC$$ - $$based$$ shape representation techniques, and we show how they support different query types. In addition, we describe two original optimization techniques that can further improve the performance of our $$MBC$$ - $$based$$ methods in several aspects, and show that they are also applicable to other applications (e.g., pattern recognition techniques). Finally, we define open problems in the area (e.g., partial similarity) and provide some hints on how to approach those problems.
An Accurate and Robust Missing Value Estimation for Microarray Data: Least Absolute Deviation Imputation
Authors: Yi Cao, Kim Leng Poh
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications (2006)

Microarray experiments often produce missing expression values due to various reasons. Accurate and robust estimation methods of missing values are needed since many algorithms and statistical analysis require a complete data set. In this paper, novel imputation methods based on least absolute deviation estimate, referred to as LADimpute, are proposed to estimate missing entries in microarray data. The proposed LADimpute method takes into consideration the local similarity structures in addition to employment of least absolute deviation estimate. Once those genes similar to the target gene with missing values are selected based on some metric, all missing values in the target gene can be estimated by the linear combination of the similar genes simultaneously. In our experiments, the proposed LADimpute method exhibits its accurate and robust performance when compared to other methods over different datasets, changing missing rates and various noise levels.
Removing Outliers Using The L\infty Norm
Authors: Kristy Sim, Richard Hartley
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Volume 1 (2006)

Recently, there has been interest in solving geometric vision problems such as triangulation and camera resectioning using L\infty minimization. One key advantage of using the L\infty norm rather than the L2 norm is that the L\infty cost function has a single minimum unlike the commonly used L2 cost function which typically has multiple local minima. However, one drawback of using L\infty minimization is that it is not robust to outliers. By minimizing the L\infty norm instead of the L2 norm, we are, in essence, fitting the outliers and not the good data. Therefore, before one can perform L\infty optimization on a problem, it is first necessary to remove outliers. A popular (but generally unsound) method of removing outliers is to minimize the cost function using standard optimization techniques; then if the residual error is too great, remove the offending measurements and continue. Although this method can fail for simple L2 optimization problems, we show in this paper that for a wide class of L\infty problems it is a valid technique. It is proved that the set of measurements with greatest residual must contain at least one outlier. Thus, if we keep throwing out the measurements with greatest residual, we will eventually remove all outliers in the data. We test this hypothesis on the multiview reconstruction problem and show that even simple strategies for throwing out these maximum residual measurements are effective in removing outliers.
An efficient memory operations optimization technique for vector loops on Itanium 2 processors: Research Articles
Authors: William Jalby, Christophe Lemuet, Sid-Ahmed-Ali Touati
Venue: Concurrency and Computation: Practice Experience (2006)

To keep up with a large degree of instruction level parallelism (ILP), the Itanium 2 cache systems use a complex organization scheme: load&#x002F;store queues, banking and interleaving. In this paper, we study the impact of these cache systems on memory instructions scheduling. We demonstrate that, if no care is taken at compile time, the non-precise memory disambiguation mechanism and the banking structure cause severe performance loss, even for very simple regular codes. We also show that grouping the memory operations in a pseudo-vectorized way enables the compiler to generate more effective code for the Itanium 2 processor. The impact of this code optimization technique on register pressure is analyzed for various vectorization schemes. Copyright &copy; 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Monitoring Virtual Classroom: Visualization Techniques to Observe Student Activities in an e-Learning System
Authors: Laure France, Jean-Mathias Heraud, Jean-Charles Marty, Thibault Carron, Joseph Heili
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (2006)

In this paper, we propose an approach based on visualization to support the teacher to observe the students' activities. After comparing the teaching in classical rooms and in e-learning systems, we present some visualization techniques used in various domains. The paper then focuses on visualization techniques in order to help the teacher to better interpret what happens during the learning session.
Play-Centric Games Education
Authors: Tracy Fullerton
Venue: Computer (2006)

The interactive media program at the USC School of Cinema-Television combines a broad liberal arts education with the technical expertise needed to create games that provide players with a narratively rich and emotionally immersive experience.
Research and Design on Intelligent Agent Intrusion Response System
Authors: Wang Zeng-quan, Wang Hui-qiang, Zhang Rui-jie
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Inteligence for Modelling Control and Automation and International Conference on Intelligent Agents Web Technologies and International Commerce (2006)

Analysis of the properties and the quality of IDS, take a mathematical analysis of the alarm confidence level, the attack frequency, the risk assessment and the response cost of IDS. Analysis of the tactic of IRS .Based on these, design an Intelligent Agent intrusion response system that is able to make automated response and adjust security policies according to the environmental variation dynamically.
Media Migration and Contextual Services: Putting Content into Context to Support Nomadic Learners
Authors: Marcelo Milrad
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (2006)

In this workshop, I will describe our on-going research activities related to the development of educational mobile services. Issues and concepts such as data portability, media migration, reusability of information and contextual services will be discussed. I will illustrate some of these concepts by presenting a number of applications we have developed and implemented in order to support nomadic learners and to show the potential benefits of re-using and adapting media content and merging "the wired" Internet with the wireless world.
A local mean-based nonparametric classifier
Authors: Y. Mitani, Y. Hamamoto
Venue: Pattern Recognition Letters (2006)

A considerable amount of effort has been devoted to design a classifier in practical situations. In this paper, a simple nonparametric classifier based on the local mean vectors is proposed. The proposed classifier is compared with the 1-NN, k-NN, Euclidean distance (ED), Parzen, and artificial neural network (ANN) classifiers in terms of the error rate on the unknown patterns, particularly in small training sample size situations. Experimental results show that the proposed classifier is promising even in practical situations.
Formative evaluation and preliminary findings of a virtual reality telerehabilitation system for the lower extremity
Authors: Judith A. Deutsch, Jeffrey A. Lewis, Elizabeth Whitworth, Rares Boian, Grigore Burdea, Marilyn Tremaine
Venue: Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments (2005)

Usability studies are an essential and iterative component of technology development and ease its transfer from the laboratory to the clinic. Although such studies are standard methodology in today's graphical user-interface applications, it is not clear that current methods apply to new technologies such as virtual reality. Thus experimentation is needed to examine what existing methods can be viably transferred to the new user-interaction situations. In this paper, 5 integrated interfaces with 3 simultaneous users are evaluated via a set of usability studies, which adapt traditional methods for assessing the ease of use of the interface design. A single expert domain user was run in an intensive study that examined the therapist manual and interfaces of the Rutgers Ankle Rehabilitation System (RARS). The interface and manual were extensively modified based on this evaluation. A second study involving 5 therapists was then conducted to evaluate the telerehabilitation component of the RARS system. In both studies, the tester and developer's observations, along with the session videotapes and therapist-user questionnaires, were triangulated to identify user problems and suggest design changes expected to increase the usability of the system. Changes that resulted from the analysis with the domain expert are described and recommendations for how to conduct usability studies in such multiuser remote virtual reality situations are proposed. Results from the pilot usability telemonitoring studies are also presented. The validity of usability studies in the development and refinement of rehabilitation technology is highlighted.
Timbre Analysis and Synthesis of Stringed Musical Instruments
Authors: Kunihiro Yasuda, Hiromitsu Hama
Venue: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Innovative Computing, Information and Control - Volume 1 (2006)

In this paper, we discuss and propose how to analyze and synthesize the timbre of stringed mzlsical instruments, especially electric bass guitars and pianos. The structure of harmonics' elements on the Fourier spectrum is investigated. And a novel method is proposed to deform the structure while keeping the same timb1.e for monophonic instrument sound, that is, what kind of restriction must be imposed. To coiz~?m the eflectiveness of our proposed method, experiments are conducted and the results are shown. According to the rule introduced here, ir is possible to synthesize the new timbre belonging to a stringed instrument.
Real world video avatar: real-time and real-size transmission and presentation of human figure
Authors: Tomohiro Tanikawa, Yasuhiro Suzuki, Koichi Hirota, Michitaka Hirose
Venue: Proceedings of the 2005 international conference on Augmented tele-existence (2005)

The presentation of a human figure is an important topic of research with respect to the application of virtual reality technology to support communication and collaboration. In this paper, an approach to transmitting and presenting the figure of a person at a remote location in real time, an implementation of a prototype system based on this approach, and the evaluation of the prototype system using the approach are described. In our approach, images of a person are captured from all around using multiple cameras, transmitted through a network, and displayed on a revolving flat panel display that is capable of presenting different images according to the orientation of the viewing position; the revolving display presents each image so that it is visible exclusively at the orientation from which it was taken, and consequently, an image of the person that can be viewed from various directions is realized. Through the implementation of the prototype system and experiments, it was confirmed that the proposed approach is feasible and that the prototype system functions effectively.
Delaunay Triangulation Algorithm for Fingerprint Matching
Authors: Chengfeng Wang, Marina L. Gavrilova
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Voronoi Diagrams in Science and Engineering (2006)

Fingerprint matching is the most important step in fingerprint identification. This paper presents new results on fingerprint alignment and matching scheme based on the Delaunay Triangulation approach. In order to compare results with other matching techniques, we develop an efficient global matching scheme based on the comparisons of minutiae sets and singular points in the fingerprints. Alternative approaches for fingerprint matching were implemented to showcase the advantages of the proposed algorithm. New experimental results provide a compelling evidence of a better performance and higher accuracy rates achieved by the Delaunay Triangulation based algorithm
Orthogonal development of a discrete frequency-domain third-order Volterra model
Authors: S. Im, S. B. Kim, E. J. Powers
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1993. ICASSP-93 Vol 4., 1993 IEEE International Conference on - Volume 04 (1993)

The objective is to present an orthogonal development of a discrete frequency-domain third-order Volterra model valid for general (i.e., non-Gaussian and Gaussian) stationary random inputs. A modified Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization procedure is utilized, and the concept of the generalized system coherency function is extended to the orthogonal model to quantify the goodness of both the model and its constituent linear, quadratic, and cubic components. The practicality and feasibility of the approach are demonstrated by utilizing it to model actual physical nonlinear systems given experimental input-output data from such systems.
Recognition of continuous probability models
Authors: Marcelo Tenório, Silvia Nassar, Paulo Freitas, Carlos Magno
Venue: Proceedings of the 37th conference on Winter simulation (2005)

It is well known that randomness is present in daily life and that often it is desirable to recognize inherent characteristics of this randomness. Probability theory describes a quantification of the uncertainty associated with this randomness. Based on probability theory, the present research describes an alternative methodology to the traditional statistical method of the recognition of the probabilistic models that best represent randomness. The main motivation of the methodology is to keep the largest possible amount of information present in the data. This methodology differs from the traditional statistical method, mainly in aspects related to the division of the data into classes when the data are continuous.
Argumentative knowledge construction in CSCL
Authors: Armin Weinberger, Douglas Clark, Gijsbert Erkens, Victor Sampson, Karsten Stegmann, Jeroen Janssen, Jos Jaspers, Gellof Kanselaar, Frank Fischer
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Learning sciences (2006)

Knowing how to argue is a prerequisite to participation in scientific discourse. In argumentative knowledge construction, learners collaboratively construct and engage in arguments with the goal of learning to argue within a domain. Students have difficulties, however, constructing and evaluating arguments. Computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) attempts to address these difficulties by providing students with additional resources and tools to visualize and guide their argumentation. This symposium presents results from empirical studies on facilitating and analyzing argumentative knowledge construction in CSCL. These studies assess the structural and conceptual quality of learners' arguments; provide sequential analyses of how learners exchange arguments in discourse, and investigate the relationship between cognitive processes of learners and the construction of arguments in discourse.
When Politics Overshadow Software Quality
Authors: Scott Stribrny, Fran Boehme Mackin
Venue: IEEE Software (2006)

The following is a familiar scenario: management, feeling pressure from corporate headquarters and the marketplace, dictates that a product will be released ahead of the agreed-upon schedule. This is an all-too-common example of a company's political climate in which influential people base their desire for success more on personal agendas than on quality. This scenario illustrates two key issues: the frustrations involved in producing quality products and the conflicts between self and team. How would you balance the quality and time-to-market equation? Software quality is subject to the politics of control, position, and power. These, in turn, affect what questions are asked, who may ask them, and what the "right" questions are. When all these political factors--control, position, power, and questions--converge, the politics of communications and marketing come into play. These determine what people hear and how interaction styles affect outcomes. Everyone in the corporate hierarchy must consider these political realities. They aren't just for management.
The Paper as Interface in T-learning
Authors: Fabio de Jesus Lima Gomes, Jose Valdeni de Lima, Rosane Aragon de Nevado
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (2006)

The paper is ubiquitous, portable, easy to use, inexpensive, can be annotated easily and provides excellent readability properties. However, paper displays are static and do not offer capabilities such as dynamic content. Dynamic content can promote learning in several ways as for illustration and simulation, for example. With the digital TV, t-learning arises as an opportunity to promote learning to a major amount of people and that traditional e-learning can not reach. But, the use of remote control in the digital TV has been resulted a complex viewer interaction that may cause the user´s frustration and irritation. The ease of use is one of the most important factors in digital TV. This paper aims linking the paper with digital TV, in order to get better usabilility and promote better conditions to t-learning.
A design of cell-based pin-array tactile display
Authors: Heesook Shin, Misook Sohn, Junseok Park
Venue: Proceedings of the 2005 international conference on Augmented tele-existence (2005)

In this paper, we propose cell-based pin-array tactile display which uses cell-based pins that express 2D-shape of character (letter, digit, etc.) in the form of line unlike general pins that offer stimulation of spot form. Human operator recognizes the information of letter or digit by scanning tactile display device's surface freely using skin tissue of user's fingertip. We examined the possibility of practical usage as small tactile display for mobile and wearable environment through implementation of device's simple model and user's test.
A Neurocomputational Model of Analogical Reasoning and its Breakdown in Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration
Authors: Robert G. Morrison, Daniel C. Krawczyk, Keith J. Holyoak, John E. Hummel, Tiffany W. Chow, Bruce L. Miller, Barbara J. Knowlton
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2004)

Analogy is important for learning and discovery and is considered a core component of intelligence. We present a computational account of analogical reasoning that is compatible with data we have collected from patients with cortical degeneration of either their frontal or anterior temporal cortices due to frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). These two patient groups showed different deficits in picture and verbal analogies: frontal lobe FTLD patients tended to make errors due to impairments in working memory and inhibitory abilities, whereas temporal lobe FTLD patients tended to make errors due to semantic memory loss. Using the "Learning and Inference with Schemas and Analogies" model, we provide a specific account of how such deficits may arise within neural networks supporting analogical problem solving.
Hybrid Particle Guide Selection Methods in Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: David Ireland, Andrew Lewis, Sanaz Mostaghim, Jun Wei Lu
Venue: Proceedings of the Second IEEE International Conference on e-Science and Grid Computing (2006)

This paper presents quantitative comparison of the performance of different methods for selecting the guide particle for multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO). Two principal methods are compared: the recently described Sigma method, and a new "Centroid" method. Drawing on the different dominant behaviors exhibited by the different selection methods, a variety of hybridizations of these is proposed to develop a more robust optimization algorithm. Statistical analysis of the hybrid methods demonstrates their contribution to improved performance of the optimization algorithm.