ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Generation of augmented video sequences combining behavioral animation and multi-object tracking
Authors: Pau Baiget
Venue: Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds (2009)

In this paper we present a novel approach to generate augmented video sequences in real-time, involving interactions between virtual and real agents in real scenarios. On the one hand, real agent motion is estimated by means of a multi-object tracking algorithm, which determines real objects' position over the scenario for each time step. On the other hand, virtual agents are provided with behavior models considering their interaction with the environment and with other agents. The resulting framework allows to generate video sequences involving behavior-based virtual agents that react to real agent behavior and has applications in education, simulation, and in the game and movie industries. We show the performance of the proposed approach in an indoor and outdoor scenario simulating human and vehicle agents. Copyright &copy; 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. We present a novel approach to generate augmented video sequences in real-time, involving interactions between virtual and real agents in real scenarios. On the one hand, real agent motion is estimated by means of a multi-object tracking algorithm, which determines real objects' position over the scenario for each time step. On the other hand, virtual agents are provided with behavior models considering their interaction with the environment and with other agents. &copy; 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Heuristic Evaluation of Mission-Critical Software Using a Large Team
Authors: Tim Buxton, Alvin Tarrell, Ann Fruhling
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Part IV: Interacting in Various Application Domains (2009)

Heuristic evaluation is a common technique for assessing usability, but is most often conducted using a team of 3-5 individuals. Our project involved a team of 16 stakeholders assessing usability of a mission-critical decision support system for the US military. Data collected from so many evaluators could easily become overwhelming, so we devised a method to first filter evaluations based on agreement between evaluators, and then further prioritize findings based on their individual Frequency, Impact, and Severity scores. We termed our methodology the `Integrated Stakeholder Usability Evaluation Process,' and believe it will be useful for other researchers conducting similar research involving heuristic evaluations with large groups.
Patch-based image vectorization with automatic curvilinear feature alignment
Authors: Tian Xia, Binbin Liao, Yizhou Yu
Venue: ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) (2009)

Raster image vectorization is increasingly important since vector-based graphical contents have been adopted in personal computers and on the Internet. In this paper, we introduce an effective vector-based representation and its associated vectorization algorithm for full-color raster images. There are two important characteristics of our representation. First, the image plane is decomposed into nonoverlapping parametric triangular patches with curved boundaries. Such a simplicial layout supports a flexible topology and facilitates adaptive patch distribution. Second, a subset of the curved patch boundaries are dedicated to faithfully representing curvilinear features. They are automatically aligned with the features. Because of this, patches are expected to have moderate internal variations that can be well approximated using smooth functions. We have developed effective techniques for patch boundary optimization and patch color fitting to accurately and compactly approximate raster images with both smooth variations and curvilinear features. A real-time GPU-accelerated parallel algorithm based on recursive patch subdivision has also been developed for rasterizing a vectorized image. Experiments and comparisons indicate our image vectorization algorithm achieves a more accurate and compact vector-based representation than existing ones do.
Dealing with Traffic-Area Trade-Off in Direct Coherence Protocols for Many-Core CMPs
Authors: Alberto Ros, Manuel E. Acacio, José M. García
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Advanced Parallel Processing Technologies (2009)

In many-core CMP architectures, the cache coherence protocol is a key component since it can add requirements of area and power consumption to the final design and, therefore, it could restrict severely its scalability. Area constraints limit the use of precise sharing codes to small- or medium-scale CMPs. Power constraints make impractical to use broadcast-based protocols for large-scale CMPs.Token-CMP and DiCo-CMP are cache coherence protocols that have been recently proposed to avoid the indirection problem of traditional directory-based protocols. However, Token-CMP is based on broadcasting requests to all tiles, while DiCo-CMP adds a precise sharing code to each cache entry. In this work, we address the traffic-area trade-off for these indirection-aware protocols. In particular, we propose and evaluate several implementations of DiCo-CMP which differ in the amount of coherence information that they must store. Our evaluation results show that our proposals entail a good traffic-area trade-off by halving the traffic requirements compared to Token-CMP and considerably reducing the area storage required by DiCo-CMP.
Query translation disambiguation as graph partitioning
Authors: Yi Liu, Rong Jin
Venue: Proceedings of the 20th national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 3 (2005)

Resolving ambiguity in the process of query translation is crucial to cross-language information retrieval when only a bilingual dictionary is available. In this paper we propose a novel approach for query translation disambiguation, named "spectral query translation model". The proposed approach views the problem of query translation disambiguation as a graph partitioning problem. For a given query, a weighted graph is first created for all possible translations of query words based on the co-occurrence statistics of the translation words. The best translation of the query is then determined by the most strongly connected component within the graph. The proposed approach distinguishes from previous approaches in that the translations of all query words are estimated simultaneously. Furthermore, translation probabilities are introduced in the proposed approach to capture the uncertainty in translating queries. Empirical studies with TREC datasets have shown that the spectral query translation model achieves a relative 20% -50% improvement in cross-language information retrieval, compared to other approaches that also exploit word co-occurrence statistics for query translation disambiguation.
Modeling Agents' Knowledge in Collective Evolutionary Systems
Authors: Rajdeep Niyogi, Alfredo Milani
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Science and Its Applications: Part I (2009)

Collective evolutionary systems have drawn considerable attention in recent times. One reason for this is the advances in the second generation of web development and design. This has led to the emergence of web-based communities and applications such as social-networking sites and blogs. The collective behavior of the system depends heavily on the performance and the reasoning aspects of the agents. Although logics of knowledge has been extensively studied, its application to domains in collective systems has not been illustrated before. In this paper we analyze some significant evolutionary domains characterized by collective and evolutionary aspects, such as partial observability, distribution, sharing, coordination, and mobility. We show how knowledge in these domains can effectively be modeled using ELMA (epistemic logic for mobile agents), which is an extension of an existing epistemic logic with the notion of space and containment, that entails the concepts of group and collaboration. The need and features of appropriate reasoning and planning mechanisms for collective evolutionary environment are also discussed.
A probabilistic classification approach for lexical textual entailment
Authors: Oren Glickman, Ido Dagan, Moshe Koppel
Venue: Proceedings of the 20th national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 3 (2005)

The textual entailment task - determining if a given text entails a given hypothesis - provides an abstraction of applied semantic inference. This paper describes first a general generative probabilistic setting for textual entailment. We then focus on the sub-task of recognizing whether the lexical concepts present in the hypothesis are entailed from the text. This problem is recast as one of text categorization in which the classes are the vocabulary words. We make novel use of Naïve Bayes to model the problem in an entirely unsupervised fashion. Empirical tests suggest that the method is effective and compares favorably with state-of-the-art heuristic scoring approaches.
Factors Influencing Perceived Value of and Attitude toward E-commerce among Online Shoppers in China
Authors: Yuan Gao
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 WASE International Conference on Information Engineering - Volume 02 (2009)

This paper examines factors that influence the attitude and perception toward e-commerce in China. It proposes an integrative framework linking five factors of consumer perceptions of e-commerce with attitude toward ecommerceand the perceived value of e-commerce. This framework is subsequently tested through a field study. Results show that each factor had a significant impact on at least one of the result variables. This paper further discusses avenues of research in e-commerce acceptance in differentcultures. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Sampling alignment structure under a Bayesian translation model
Authors: John DeNero, Alexandre Bouchard-Côté, Dan Klein
Venue: Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (2008)

We describe the first tractable Gibbs sampling procedure for estimating phrase pair frequencies under a probabilistic model of phrase alignment. We propose and evaluate two nonparametric priors that successfully avoid the degenerate behavior noted in previous work, where overly large phrases memorize the training data. Phrase table weights learned under our model yield an increase in BLEU score over the word-alignment based heuristic estimates used regularly in phrase-based translation systems.
Let's plan it deductively!
Authors: W. Bibel
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifteenth international joint conference on Artifical intelligence - Volume 2 (1997)

The paper describes a transition logic, TL, and a deductive formalism for it. It shows how various important aspects (such as ramification, qualification, specificity, simultaneity, indeterminism etc.) involved in planning can be modelled in TL in a rather natural way. (The deductive formalism for) TL extends the linear connection method proposed earlier by the author by embedding the latter into classical logic, so that classical and resource-sensitive reasoning coexist within TL. The attraction of a logical and deductive approach to planning is emphasised and the state of automated deduction briefly described.
Effects of the Workplace Game: A Case-Study into Anticipating Future Behavior of Office Workers
Authors: Annelise Jong, Merlijn Kouprie, Evi Bruyne
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Ergonomics and Health Aspects of Work with Computers: Held as Part of HCI International 2009 (2009)

This paper describes the evaluation of the Workplace Game regarding the type of information that it provides. The Workplace Game is intended to make employees aware of the changes in the office and the implications thereof on their behaviour and way of working. The game might also be helpful for designers or architects of future flexible offices. To find out what type of information the game provides and if the information can be of use for designers the game was evaluated in an observational study of two playing sessions. The study showed that the Workplace Game stimulates employees to talk about their behaviour. The game makes players talk about their future work behaviour by eliciting information about their present work behaviour. However, the game needs adaptation to provide directions for designing future flexible offices. Recommendations how the game can be made helpful to designers of future flexible offices are discussed.
Player Performance, Satisfaction, and Video Game Enjoyment
Authors: Christoph Klimmt, Christopher Blake, Dorothée Hefner, Peter Vorderer, Christian Roth
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Entertainment Computing (2009)

An experiment (N = 74) was conducted to investigate the impact of game difficulty and player performance on game enjoyment. Participants played a First Person Shooter game with systematically varied levels of difficulty. Satisfaction with performance and game enjoyment were assessed after playing. Results are not fully in line with predictions derived from flow and attribution theory and suggest players to (1) change their view on their own performance with its implications for enjoyment with increasing game experience and (2) to switch strategically between different sources of fun, thus maintaining a (somewhat) positive experience even when performance-based enjoyment is low.
Silog: Speech input logon
Authors: Sergio Grau, Tony Allen, Nasser Sherkat
Venue: Knowledge-Based Systems (2009)

Silog is a biometric authentication system that extends the conventional PC logon process using voice verification. Users enter their ID and password using a conventional Windows logon procedure but then the biometric authentication stage makes a voice over IP (VoIP) call to a VoiceXML (VXML) server. User interaction with this speech-enabled component then allows the user's voice characteristics to be extracted as part of a simple user/system spoken dialogue. If the captured voice characteristics match those of a previously registered voice profile, then network access is granted. If no match is possible, then a potential unauthorised system access has been detected and the logon process is aborted.
On using articulatory features for discriminative speaker adaptation
Authors: Florian Metze
Venue: Human Language Technologies 2007: The Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics; Companion Volume, Short Papers on XX (2007)

This paper presents a way to perform speaker adaptation for automatic speech recognition using the stream weights in a multi-stream setup, which included acoustic models for "Articulatory Features" such as Rounded or Voiced. We present supervised speaker adaptation experiments on a spontaneous speech task and compare the above stream-based approach to conventional approaches, in which the models, and not stream combination weights, are being adapted. In the approach we present, stream weights model the importance of features such as Voiced for word discrimination, which offers a descriptive interpretation of the adaptation parameters.
A scalable global model for summarization
Authors: Dan Gillick, Benoit Favre
Venue: Proceedings of the Workshop on Integer Linear Programming for Natural Langauge Processing (2009)

We present an Integer Linear Program for exact inference under a maximum coverage model for automatic summarization. We compare our model, which operates at the sub-sentence or "concept-level, to a sentence-level model, previously solved with an ILP. Our model scales more efficiently to larger problems because it does not require a quadratic number of variables to address redundancy in pairs of selected sentences. We also show how to include sentence compression in the ILP formulation, which has the desirable property of performing compression and sentence selection simultaneously. The resulting system performs at least as well as the best systems participating in the recent Text Analysis Conference, as judged by a variety of automatic and manual content-based metrics.
Choosing communication portfolios to accomplish tasks: The effects of individual differences
Authors: Chei Sian Lee, Dion Hoe-Lian Goh, Alton Y. K. Chua, Brendan Luyt
Venue: Computers Education (2009)

The myriad of information communication technologies (ICTs) available today has changed the way students choose and use them. Specifically, individuals are increasingly relying on a mix of ICTs for communication to accomplish tasks. Yet, past studies on ICT use has largely assumed that people use a single ICT per task. We attempt to address this gap by focusing on the influence of individual differences on the choice of communication portfolio (a mix of ICTs) to accomplish learning tasks in school-based settings. Specifically, we focus on two dimensions of individual differences: learning styles and individuals' perceptions. Results suggest that individual differences do have effects on the choice of communication portfolios to accomplish tasks. In particular, we found that students who preferred to learn by hearing tended to choose the complex communication portfolio to accomplish their tasks. Interestingly, our results also indicate that students preferred to use the simple communication portfolio when communication partners were perceived to be unavailable.
HAPLOWSER
Authors: Jong Hyun Kim, Woo-Cheol Kim, Michael S. Waterman, Sanghyun Park, Lei M. Li
Venue: Bioinformatics (2009)

Summary: Haplotype assembly is becoming a very important tool in genome sequencing of human and other organisms. Although haplotypes were previously inferred from genome assemblies, there has never been a comparative haplotype browser that depicts a global picture of whole-genome alignments among haplotypes of different organisms. We introduce a whole-genome HAPLotype brOWSER (HAPLOWSER), providing evolutionary perspectives from multiple aligned haplotypes and functional annotations. Haplowser enables the comparison of haplotypes from metagenomes, and associates conserved regions or the bases at the conserved regions with functional annotations and custom tracks. The associations are quantified for further analysis and presented as pie charts. Functional annotations and custom tracks that are projected onto haplotypes are saved as multiple files in FASTA format. Haplowser provides a user-friendly interface, and can display alignments of haplotypes with functional annotations at any resolution. Availability: Haplowser, written in Java, supports multiple platforms including Windows and Linux. Haplowser is publicly available at http://embio.yonsei.ac.kr/haplowser Contact:sanghyun@cs.yonsei.ac.kr; lilei@usc.edu Supplementary information:Supplementary data are available at http://embio.yonsei.ac.kr/haplowser
Stretching Technique-Based Clonal Selection Algorithm for Flexible Job-shop Scheduling
Authors: Lu Hong
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Natural Computing - Volume 02 (2009)

Flexible Job-shop Scheduling Problem (FJSP) is expanded from the traditional Job-shop Scheduling Problem (JSP), which possesses wider availability of machines for all the operations. The aim is to find an allocation for each operation and to define the sequence of operations on each machine so that the resulting schedule has a minimal completion time. This paper introduces a hybrid meta-heuristic, the stretching technique-based immune algorithm, consisting of a combination of the stretching technique and clonal selection algorithm (CSA). The proposed method is used for solving the multi-objective FJSP. The details of implementation for the multi-objective FJSP and the corresponding computational experiments are reported. The results indicate that the proposed algorithm is an efficient approach for the multi-objective FJSP, especially for large scale problems.
Vehicles capable of dynamic vision
Authors: Ernst D. Dickmanns
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifteenth international joint conference on Artifical intelligence - Volume 2 (1997)

A survey is given on two decades of developments in the field, encompassing an increase in computing power by four orders of magnitude. The 4-D approach' integrating expectation-based methods from systems dynamics and control engineering with methods from AI has allowed to create vehicles with unprecedented capabilities in the technical realm: Autonomous road vehicle guidance in public traffic on freeways at speeds beyond 130 km/h, on-board-autonomous landing approaches of aircraft, and landmark navigation for AGV's, for road vehicles including turn-offs onto cross-roads, and for helicopters in low-level flight (real-time, hardware-in-the-loop simulations in the latter case).
Cross-Layer Based Anomaly Detection in Wireless Mesh Networks
Authors: Xia Wang, Johnny S. Wong, Fred Stanley, Samik Basu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Ninth Annual International Symposium on Applications and the Internet (2009)

Wireless mesh networking has been a cost-effective technology that provides wide-coverage broadband wireless network services. However, security and privacy in this proliferated network environment have not been widely studied. In this work, we propose a cross-layer based anomaly intrusion detection system (IDS) to accommodate the integrated property of routing protocols with link information in wireless mesh networks (WMNs). An IDS software prototype over a wireless mesh network testbed has been implemented and evaluated. By comparing the performance of the cross-layer approach with that of single-layer based intrusion detection, especially an IDS at network layer, we validate the effectiveness of cross-layer based anomaly detection in WMNs.
Seeking and providing assistance while learning to use information systems
Authors: Lisa-Marie Babin, André Tricot, Claudette Mariné
Venue: Computers Education (2009)

Throughout their lives, people are faced with various learning situations, for example when they learn how to use new software, services or information systems. However, research in the field of Interactive Learning Environments shows that learners needing assistance do not systematically seek or use help, even when it is available. The aim of the present study is to explore the role of some factors from research in Interactive Learning Environments in another situation: using a new technology not as a means of acquiring knowledge but to realize a specific task. Firstly, we present the three factors included in this study (1) the role of the content of assistance, namely operative vs. function-oriented help; (2) the role of the user's prior knowledge; (3) the role of the trigger of assistance, i.e. help provided after the user's request vs. help provided by the system. In this latter case, it is necessary to detect the user's difficulties. On the basis of research on problem-solving, we list behavioral criteria expressing the user's difficulties. Then, we present two experiments that use ''real'' technologies developed by a large company and tested by ''real'' users. The results showed that (1) even when participants had reached an impasse, most of them never sought assistance, (2) operative assistance that was automatically provided by the system was effective for novice users, and (3) function-oriented help that was automatically provided by the system was effective for expert users. Assistance can support deadlock awareness and can also focus on deadlock solving by guiding task. Assistance must be adapted to prior knowledge, progress and goals of learners to improve learning.