ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
An electrical-filter synthesis package based upon vector-space operations
Authors: T. G. Marshall,  Jr., F. C. Liu
Venue: Proceedings of the international conference on APL: part 1 (1979)

A complete APL filter-design package is described which includes provisions for avoiding ill conditioning when polynomials with clustered roots are considered. The solution to the numerical problem that is employed in this package is the reformulation of the polynomial problem as a vector-space problem. This results in a set of vector-space synthesis algorithms which are conveniently implemented in APL. The conventional polynomial operations of filter synthesis such as polynomial division, zero shifting, and removal of a known factor lead to interesting and challenging vector-space algorithms. These algorithms and their APL implementations are discussed. An advantage of this approach for APL implementations is that complex arithmetic can be avoided by selecting an appropriate basis for the vector space.
A verifiable protection system
Authors: Gerald J. Popek, Charles S. Kline
Venue: Proceedings of the international conference on Reliable software (1975)

This paper reports on the design and implementation of the UCLA Virtual Machine System, a multiuser operating system base that has been developed to provide ultra high reliability protection and security. Details are presented of the UCLA-VM system, a prototype of which now exists. Concepts which have influenced its structure are discussed, including program verification, security kernels, virtual machines, virtual memory, and the need for flexible information sharing facilities. A new mechanism, capability faulting, is developed in order to remove much of the virtual memory support from the security kernel. Flexible, reliable control of sharing is obtained by extensions to several of these concepts, especially through the use of levels of kernels.
The simulation of a creative process&mdash;the composition of man-machine poetry
Authors: Leon R. Wechsler, Norman E. Sondak
Venue: Proceedings of the ACM annual conference (1973)

The creative process manifests itself in a plethora of ways of human endeavor. One of the more visible and studied throughout history has been the composition of poetry. A series of computer programs has been written to examine the possibilities of computer composed and computer-human composed sonnets. Sonnets were chosen as the poetic vehicle because of their classic nature and specilized form. The programs utilized masking, statistical, and structural techniques to compose sonnets that rhyme, have meter, and are grammatically correct. Some of the programs allow for man-machine interaction during the actual composition phase. The quality of the sonnets produced both directly by the computer and through man-machine interaction are reviewed. The effect of richness of the vocabulary supplied to the composing program is examined as well as the user relation with the computer during interactive poetry generation. The use of the computer as an aid to the creative process is discussed, and the question of the effect of the anthropomorphism of computers as they relate to the poet and reviewer of poetry is raised.
SIDS (A Symbolic Interactive Design System)
Authors: D. Clary, R. Kirk, S. Sapiro
Venue: Proceedings of the 17th Design Automation Conference (1980)

A new production approach to IC mask layout/checking is described which makes use of a combination of symbolic layout,computer checking and color graphics to resolve some of the problems in currently available layout systems. Techniques such as on-line design rule and connectivity checking, not found in other production systems, give the user &ldquo;instant&rdquo; feedback as he is designing.
ASSIST: Three year's experience with a student-oriented assembler
Authors: John R. Mashey
Venue: ACM SIGCSE Bulletin (1973)

ASSIST is a high-speed assembler/interpreter system for IBM System/360 and related computers. It is designed primarily for efficient processing of student jobs, and offers a number of educational features. ASSIST is now being used at a number of installations under widely varying circumstances. This paper analyzes the design process and decisions leading to ASSIST, concentrating on the factors felt to be most important to its usage. Implementation problems and experiences are noted, and conclusions drawn from them regarding the design of student job processors and desired operating system facilities to support them.
How you tell your computer what you mean: Ostension in interactive systems
Authors: James A. Galambos, Eloise S. Wikler, John B. Black, Marc M. Sebrechts
Venue: Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems (1983)

An important part of communication is being able to point to an object without referring to its components or to the area surrounding it. How to do this is the problem of ostension. We observed many ostension errors in novices learning to use a full-screen text editor. Specifically, the novices erroneously tried to use keys that are appropriate for pointing when using a typewriter but incorrect in screen editors (e.g., space bar, backspace key, etc.), they frequently missed the location they intended by one character, they inadvertently pointed to the wrong occurrcnce of a string using a FIND command, they incorrectly specified boundaries by forgetting about &ldquo;invisible&rdquo; characters (e.g., formatting characters), and they mistakenly attempted to point to non-typing areas of the screen that were off-limits.
Concentrator modeling with pipelining arrivals compensation
Authors: Patrick V. McGregor
Venue: Proceedings of the Computer Network Performance Symposium (1982)

A general model of Intelligent Communications Concentrating Devices (ICCD) is presented and analyzed for delay and overflow performance with compensation for the pipelining effect of message arrivals extending over time. The results of the analysis indicate that, for the same trunk utilization, the trend towards buffered terminals with longer messages requires substantially greater buffering in the ICCD. The nominal environment analyzed consisted of 10-40 medium speed terminals (1200 b/s - 9600 b/s) operating over a medium speed trunk (9600 b/s) with trunk utilizations from 20 percent to 80 percent and average message lengths up to 1000 characters. This is a substantially different environment than that typically served by current implementations of ICCDs, which are frequently reported to have throughput improvements of 2-3 times the nominal originating terminal bandwidths, as opposed to the typical factor of 5 for the analyzed environment. This does not reflect on the appropriateness of the ICCDs in serving the new environment, but rather is simply stating that in the new environment the same character volume of traffic may be appearing with different traffic characteristics over higher speed access lines. If the new environment shows only a difference in traffic characteristics and originating line speed, without change in the traffic control scheme (or lack of scheme), the results indicate essentially reproduction of a large part of the terminal buffering in the ICCD for adequate overflow performance. Alternatively, with smarter terminals, traffic control schemes (flow control) may enable the ICCD to be reduced to an essentially unbuffered &ldquo;traffic cop,&rdquo; with the terminal buffering also serving as the shared facility buffering. Several practical implementations of ICCDs have provision for flow control, but require cooperating terminals and hosts. This suggests that ICCD design and application will become more sensitive to the practical operating features of the target environment than has been generally the case to date. The analysis presented in this paper involves many simplifications to the actual problem. Additional work to accommodate non-exponential message length distributions and heterogeneous terminal configurations are perhaps two of the more immediate problems that may be effectively dealt with.
SOLPASS - a Simulation Oriented Language Programming and Simulation System
Authors: James Armstrong, Horst Ulfers, Donald J. Miller, Harry C. Page
Venue: Proceedings of the third conference on Applications of simulation (1969)

SOL A Simulation Oriented Language, was described by Messrs. Knuth and McNeley of Burroughs Corp. in 1964. In 1968 a complete 2-pass compiler system was developed under Government contract by Messrs. Page and Miller of Patterson-Smith, Inc. Since then a number of features have been added to the SOL language, making it a very powerful tool for discrete simulations. SOLPASS has found a broad field of applications within the USAECOM Laboratories served by the Burroughs B5500 installation at Fort Monmouth. The Simulation System has been implemented to make most efficient use o f the remote access system to the B5500 computer for compilation, debugging, test runs and short production runs. This arrangement has increased the programming efficiency to the extent that discrete simulation models can now be implemented within a fraction of the time previously needed. Discrete simulations of large scale communication systems and control systems have been performed successfully using SOLPASS.
Development of a job description for unionized programmers
Authors: D. Vargas Miguel Angel, S. Kornhauser Luis, L. Olivares Javier
Venue: Proceedings of the thirteenth annual SIGCPR conference (1975)

Petroleos Mexicanos is an integrated government-owned company. The company has about 80,000 employees within the entire country, 90% of whom are affiliated with a single union, considered as one of the most powerful in the country. The unionized personnel are mainly blue collar and clerical workers. The non-unionized personnel is management and most of the technical people. For the subject of this paper, the relevant characteristics of the unionized group are: a) They have a rigid job description almost at the level of task descriptions defining in a fuzzy way their interrelationships and the product of their work. b) A Bachelor's degree is not a requirement to apply for a specific job position that is controlled by the union as the result of previous contracts or tradition.
Experiments & measurements in computing
Venue: Proceedings of the 1973 ACM SIGME symposium (1973)

This paper briefly reviews various classes of computer performance measurement activity, especially in the context of the development of an experimental discipline for testing hypotheses concerning software unit behavior. Several proposals for beginning the development of such a discipline are made.
Software Blueprints
Authors: Patrica H. Baucom
Venue: Proceedings of the 1978 annual conference (1978)

The process of developing a software product is analogous to the process by which a building concept becomes a reality. Reliability is insured in both processes by validation of the design with a blueprint prior to construction. Just as the architect relies on blueprints to validate his plans for construction of a building, so may the software developer rely on software blueprints to validate his plans for construction of a software product. The sequence of steps in software development include determination of requirements, specification of the various modules or subprograms to be developed, preparation of the module blueprints, peer review of the blueprints, construction or coding of the modules, module testing, and system testing. The module blueprint is the focal point of the process. Utilizing the structured flowcharting techniques of Nassi and Shneiderman, the blueprint is prepared as a working design document. It contains the complete coding requirements of the module and includes a graphical representation of the detailed logic performed, an English description of the action performed, and the actual source code of the programming language employed. Currently recognized benefits of peer review are refined and expanded when the procedure is applied to validation of software blueprints. The degree of understanding, and thus error detection, is superior to that obtained from applying the review technique to source code listings. The blueprint review introduces an apprenticeship environment in which learning is quickened and the time required for a novice to obtain the capability of mature design is lessened. The procedures used provide a prototype for future software design applications.
Functional testing techniques for digital LSI/VLSI systems
Authors: Stephen Y.H. Su, Tonysheng Lin
Venue: Proceedings of the 21st Design Automation Conference (1984)

Functional testing is becomilng more important due to the increasing complexity in digital LSI/VLSI devices. Various functional testing approaches have been proposed to meet this urgent need in LSI/VLSI testing. This paper presents the basic ideas behind deterministic functional testing and concisely overviews eight major functional testing techniques. Comparisons among these techniques and suggestions for future development are made to meet the challenges in this fast growing testing field.
Large scale mathematical programming in an APL environment
Authors: R. S. Goncharsky, A. Rauch, W. W. White
Venue: Proceedings of the sixth international conference on APL (1974)

This paper discusses an experimental implementation of the large scale code, MPSX (Mathematical Programming System Extended), in an APL environment. It provides an overview of how one might employ the resources of the APL Shared Variable System together with specially written auxiliary processors to allow model building, matrix generation, report writing, and solution of mathematical programming problems in an interactive setting. Such a use of MPSX can lead to savings of time and effort in mathematical programming project development.
Simulation via time-partitioned linear programming: A ground and surface water allocation model for the Gallatin Valley of Montana
Authors: Donald William Boyd
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th conference on Winter simulation - Volume 1 (1974)

Simulation of the total water resources system was used to demonstrate that ground-water development is the solution to water shortage problems in the Gallatin Valley. Systems analysis was used to identify the components of the model. Physical system response was approximately linear, so the IBM 1620-1311 linear programming code was used. Each of 30 years was partitioned into two periods: water surplus and water deficit. Water was allocated among competing uses: agricultural, municipal, industrial, and recreational; and between surface and subsurface storage. Outflow was simulated to approximately&plusmn;20 percent of gaged outflow, not exceeding probable experimental error.
Analysis of an inverted data base structure
Authors: Edward Hill,  Jr.
Venue: Proceedings of the 1st annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Information storage and retrieval (1978)

An inverted data base organization is analyzed. The inverted directory is viewed realistically as another large data base. Algorithms and formulations are derived to estimate the average number of accesses for insertion, retrieval and deletion of items from the data base. An average load time is also presented for the inverted data base.
Functional specifications of a text editor
Authors: Gary Feldman
Venue: Proceedings of the 1982 ACM symposium on LISP and functional programming (1982)

This paper presents a formal specification technique, derived by combining Backus' FP systems with a simple, bottom up, syntax directed scheme. The technique is then used to provide a complete specification of a well known editor. This work was prompted by the apparent inadequacy of existing specification techniques for this task. Below I present the motivation behind this work, an introduction to my programming model and specification technique, and the editor specifications. I finish with a discussion of some conclusions about functional programming and my future directions. My initial concerns were methodological, namely to derive a specification method which is: a) applicable to a broad class of programs; b) easy enough to be more help than burden to the programmer; and c) suitable for verification. Therefore, the important issues with respect to functional programming are clarity&mdash;which notations, primitive functions, or conventions add to the conciseness and lucidity of the specifications; and requirements&mdash;which properties are needed for any functional system to be formally adequate to the specification and verification tasks.
RABBIT: An interface for database access
Authors: Michael D. Williams, Frederich N. Tou
Venue: Proceedings of the ACM '82 conference (1982)

A new kind of user interface for information retrieval has been designed and implemented to aid users in formulating a query. The system, called RABBIT, relies upon a new paradigm for retrieval by reformulation, based on a psychological theory of human remembering. The paradigm actually evolved from an explicit attempt to design a 'natural' interface which imitated human retrieval processes. To make a query in RABBIT, the user interactively refines partial descriptions of his target item(s) by criticizing successive example (and counterexample) instances that satisfy the current partial description. Instances from the database are presented to the user from a perspective inferred from the user's query description and the structure of the knowledge base. Among other things, this constructed perspective reminds users of likely terms to use in their descriptions, enhances their understanding of the meaning of given terms, and prevents them from creating certain classes of semantically improper query descriptions. RABBIT particularily facilitates users who approach a database with only a vague idea of what it is that they want and who thus, need to be guided in the (re)formulation of their queries. RABBIT is also of substantial value to casual users who have limited knowledge of a given database or who must deal with a multitude of databases.
Association of American railroad's network model
Authors: Wayne K. Minger, John N. Cetinich
Venue: Proceedings of the third conference on Applications of simulation (1969)

Major U.S. railroads are investing over $200,000 to develop a model capable of simulating a railroad network. The model will be capable of determining the effect of major changes in facilities, train schedules and priorities, classification strategies, levels and mix of traffic. The model is in SIMSCRIPT for three different computers with primary emphasis on flexibility, efficiency, and user convenience.
Officeaid: An integrated document management system
Authors: Alison Lee, Carson C. Woo, Frederick H. Lochovsky
Venue: ACM SIGOA Newsletter (1984)

Document management is a major activity in an office. Documents are created, edited, distributed, and stored. While facilities for managing electronic documents exist, they are often poorly integrated. In this paper, the design and implementation of an integrated document management system - Officeaid - is described. In the design, four major objectives were considered: develop effective and useful man-machine interfaces, provide integrated facilities, utilize data base management techniques, and provide support for different types of data.
The prediction of pathologic fracture in patients with metastatic cancer
Authors: E. Buturla, C. Hawkins, D. Seligson, M. H. Pope
Venue: Proceedings of the 16th annual symposium on Simulation (1983)

PATHOLOGICAL FRACTURES RESULTING FROM NEOPLASMS WITHIN THE FEMUR ARE DISASTROUS TO ALL PARTIES INVOLVED AND IN MANY CASES COULD BE AVOIDED GIVEN EARLY DETECTION AND PREDICTIVE VALIDITY WITH RESPECT TO THE EXTENT OF THE LESION. IN PARTICULAR, PATHOLOGICAL FRACTURES OCCUR IN THE SUB- AND INTERTROCHANTERIC REGIONS OF THE FEMUR AS THESE ARE REGIONS OF UNIQUE STRESS CONCENTRATIONS AND FREQUENT SITES OF METASTASES. APPLICATION OF FINITE ELEMENT MODELING HAS PROVIDED GREATER UNDERSTANDING OF LOAD TRANSMISSION AND SHEAR PROPERTIES THROUGHOUT THE FEMUR (REFERENCES 5 AND 17). OONISHI AND HASEGAWA (1982) USED A TWO-DIMENSIONAL FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS TO INVESTIGATE DIFFERENT STRESS PROPERTIES OF CORTICAL AND CANCELLOUS BONE REGIONS OF THE FEMUR, INTUITIVELY, BECAUSE THE FEMUR IS ASYMMETRICAL AND CURVED IN EACH PLANAR AXIS ONE WOULD EXPECT A THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODEL TO BE MORE GENERALIZABLE TO A REAL-WORLD SITUATION. CROWNINSHIELD (1980) DEVELOPED A USEFUL 3-D MODEL TO RESOLVE GEOMETRICAL PROBLEMS INCURRED WITH TOTAL HIP RECONSTRUCTION. WITH THIS MODEL, AS ANY FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS, A GREATER NUMBER OF NODAL POINTS AND ELEMENTS YIELDS A MORE ACCURATE RESOLUTION OF LOAD STRESS/DISPLACEMENTS. THE PRESENT STUDY UTILIZED THESE AND OTHER FACTORS IN SIMULATING A FEMUR PRESENTING METASTATIC LESIONS OF THE SUB- AND INTERTROCHANTERIC REGIONS. REMOVAL OF ELEMENTS IN THESE AREAS ALONG WITH THEIR INHERENT STIFFNESS/SUPPORT PROPERTIES TO THE MODEL THUS SIMULATED THE EFFECT OF NON-SUPPORTIVE TUMOR WITHIN OTHERWISE HEALTHY BONE.
A real-time/time-share computer in a research and development environment
Authors: C. D. Longerot, J. E. Marceau
Venue: Proceedings of the 1971 26th annual conference (1971)

A centralized computer with high speed peripherals, mass storage and very flexible input/output ports provides eighteen remote laboratory terminals with real-time/time-share computer service. The EMR 6130 Computer with Sandia designed interfacing provides real-time response in research and development activities involving on-line data acquisition, analysis and display, and includes features which allow process control and equipment programming activities. The system supports a variety of component development activities and materials research and supplies the technical staff (scientists and component designers) with immediate response to data as it is acquired from experiment apparatus or test equipment. Such response allows experimenter interaction as the experiment progresses and provides timely acceptance or rejection with analog or statistical display of the data.
An experimental system for Computer Science instruction
Authors: R. Kalyana Krishnan, A. K. Rajasekar, C. S. Moghe
Venue: ACM SIGARCH Computer Architecture News (1983)

A number of educational institutions of the world offer academic programs in Computer Science for undergraduate and graduate students. Many of these programs have used a medium sized to large computer system as a facility for the students. There is a need for a system in which the students have full access to the machine in terms of hardware and software details. Most commercial systems do not normally provide this information. In this paper we describe an experimental system designed and built at I.I.T., Madras, which is used for illustrating several concepts in Machine Organization, Computer Architecture, Operating Systems Distributed Computing etc.. present use of the system for Computer Science instruction is identified and proposed applications are indicated.
Chinese remainder and interpolation algorithms
Authors: John D. Lipson
Venue: Proceedings of the second ACM symposium on Symbolic and algebraic manipulation (1971)

This paper is concerned with mathematical, computational, and historical aspects of the Chinese Remainder and Interpolation Theorems of number theory and numerical analysis, with a view to their application to symbolic computation.