ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Experimental results of subband acoustic echo cancelers under spherically invariant random processes
Authors: P. L. De Leon
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 02 (1996)

The subband adaptive filter system has been applied to the acoustic echo cancellation problem in order to overcome the problems of slow convergence due to spectrally dynamic input and high computational costs associated with a single, long adaptive filter. Research into the convergence characteristics of subband acoustic echo cancelers (AECs) have either used Gaussian white noise, USASI noise (as an approximation for speech signals), or short term speech signals. Research in the statistical modeling of speech signals using spherically invariant random processes (SIRPs) and analyses of LMS and NLMS algorithms under SIRPs has led to a better understanding of adaptive filter performance under more realistic input in the context of AEC. We present experimental results using a subband AEC under SIRP input. These results yield a better understanding of the performance in actual acoustic echo cancellation applications and highlight the benefits of subband techniques.
Data Envelopment Analysis Assessment Machine
Authors: Quanling Wei, Hong Yan
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Data Mining - Workshops (2006)

This word extends the DEA method t,o a large number DMU evaluation process, called "DEA assessment machine", for evaluating consecutive data. We identify the intersection form of the production possibility set for a given set of DMUs, which is called "training set". The process can then easily assess a newly coming DMU for its different properties, such as technical efficiency. returns to scales and evidence of congestion, by simply checking on a, set of linear inequalities. It thus provides an efficient and effective method for dealing with large number of data and can be regarded a s a complementary approach for data mining.
Towards a global improvement of engineering maths teaching
Authors: M. B. Leon De La Barra
Venue: Proceedings of the 28th Annual Frontiers in Education - Volume 03 (1998)

A model for managing the processes involved in the teaching and learning of mathematics for engineering students is presented. It consists of combining, through a continuous quality improvement approach, a number of useful teaching and learning strategies. In fact, the short period teaching-learning cycle strategy is used in the classroom in order to guarantee immediate feedback and correction for both the student and the lecturer, i.e., based on small units of content, key processes such as motivation, delivery of the lesson, study, learning evacuation, corrections, reinforcement and projection are successively developed in the time elapsed in a class session. A cooperative learning procedure is applied in homework activities, i.e., "the instructional use of small groups so that the students work together to maximize their own and each others learning": constituting a valuable complement to the activities in the classroom. Cooperative teaching is also introduced, i.e., all the faculty involved in a particular section of a course work together to optimize the development of the teaching-learning activities from a just in time approach. They also make significant efforts to coordinate the different subjects, mainly first year maths and physics, to initiate an experimental curriculum integration. In this stage of our research we are also developing and testing written materials to be employed in the short cycles activities in the classroom and the corresponding set of exercises and problems for the cooperative learning activities.
Toba: java for applications a way ahead of time (WAT) compiler
Authors: Todd A. Proebsting, Gregg Townsend, Patrick Bridges, John H. Hartman, Tim Newsham, Scott A. Watterson
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd conference on USENIX Conference on Object-Oriented Technologies (COOTS) - Volume 3 (1997)

Toba is a system for generating efficient standalone Java applications. Toba includes a Java-bytecode-to-C compiler, a garbage collector, a threads package, and Java API support. Toba-compiled Java applications execute 1.5-4.2 times faster than interpreted and Just-In-Time compiled applications.
Minitrack: Clinical Process and Data Integration and Evolution
Authors: Jeff Sutherland, Willem-Jan van den Heuvel
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (2007)

Demands from governments, insurers and clients for more effective and efficient healthcare services are increasing. To satisfy these demands, the healthcare industry must find innovative ways to transform and streamline preexisting processes and healtcare systems.
Integrating writing and critical thinking in a freshman design course
Authors: S. D. Kellogg
Venue: Proceedings of the 28th Annual Frontiers in Education - Volume 03 (1998)

Summary form only given. It is well recognized that most engineering, science, and technology programs prepare their students with analytical skills and a knowledge of the discipline. However, most universities profess to value a more holistic purpose, which includes critical thinking, communication skills, cultural awareness and diversity, interpersonal and leadership skills, and helping students develop a meaningful philosophy of life. Unfortunately, while these areas of cognitive development are consistent with changing industrial requirements for the engineering and science professions, research repeatedly shows that few do a very good job of helping students develop these skills. We present a model which utilizes problem based learning and collaborative writing to develop communication and critical thinking skills along with general problem solving skills. The program, Professional Practices in Engineering and Science (PPES), uses semester long mini-projects to integrate curriculum in engineering, English, and the humanities. Preliminary results demonstrating improved student learning in the areas of problem solving, critical thinking, teaming, and communication skills are provided. In addition to the primary learning skills noted above, PPES utilizes Freshmen Interest Groups and mentoring to incorporate general learning skills into the curriculum. Qualitative evidence suggests there is some evidence of an increased motivation for self-responsibility life-long learning, and self-development.
Interactive presentation: A middleware-centric design flow for networked embedded systems
Authors: F. Fummi, G. Perbellini, R. Pietrangeli, D. Quaglia
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe (2007)

The paper focuses on the design of networked embedded systems which cooperate to provide complex distributed applications. A milestone in the effort of simplifying the implementation of such applications has been the introduction of a service layer, named middleware, which abstracts from the peculiarities of the operating system and HW components. However, the presence of the middleware has not been yet introduced in the design flow as an explicit dimension. This work presents an abstract model of middleware supporting different programming paradigms; it can be used as component in the design flow and allows to simulate and develop the application without doing premature assumptions on the actual HW/SW platform. At the end of the design flow the abstract middleware can be mapped to an actual middleware. The methodology has been analyzed both theoretically and practically with the actual application on a wireless sensor network.
The future of mobile communications in the EU
Authors: Erik Bohlin, Jean-Claude Burgelman, Carlos Rodriguez Casal
Venue: Telematics and Informatics (2007)

This paper reflects upon the future of mobile communications systems in the EU, addressing a number of mobile technologies, and their respective implications for European growth and competitiveness. This paper starts with an overview of the immediate challenges faced by the mobile communications scene and looks at a number of issues likely to shape its future. After a brief description of regional competition issues the note ends with a short list of conclusions.
On NBTI Degradation Process in Digital Logic Circuits
Authors: Xiangning Yang, Eric Weglarz, Kewal Saluja
Venue: Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on VLSI Design held jointly with 6th International Conference: Embedded Systems (2007)

Negative bias temperature instability (NBTI) has been identified as one of most critical and most pressing degradation issues in nano-scale technologies. Yet most current studies published in literature on NBTI degradation have been limited to either at the device physics level or at the computer architecture level. This paper provides a first in depth study of the NBTI degradation process at the logic level in digital circuits. It demonstrates that the methods used in the existing studies lead to unduly pessimistic results and therefore they must be modified. The paper also compares the effectiveness of some of the known solutions that address NBTI degradation. Several new conclusions are drawn from our study which are important and help identify new research directions that can be taken in view of the more realistic assumptions made in this paper.
Stochastic analysis of the delayed LMS algorithm for a new model
Authors: O. J. Tobias
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 01 (2000)

This paper presents a stochastic analysis of the delayed least mean square (DLMS) adaptive algorithm using a new model. The new model does not use independence theory. Recursive difference equations are derived for the weight vector first and second moments. These equations yield new analytical results for the mean square error behavior. These results are compared to those of previous models. The new model is shown to be more general. The algorithm's properties are explained that could not be explained using existing models. The theoretical behavior is in close agreement with Monte Carlo simulations for the cases studied. This provides support for the accuracy of the theoretical model.
Automotive Software Development for a Multi-Core System-on-a-Chip
Authors: Hermann Kopetz, Roman Obermaisser, Christian El Salloum, Bernhard Huber
Venue: Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Software Engineering Workshops (2007)

There are many economic and technical arguments for the reduction of the number of Electronic Control Units (ECUs) aboard a car. One of the key obstacles to achieve this goal is the limited composability, fault isolation and error containment of today's singleprocessor architectures. However, significant changes in the chip architecture are taking place in order to manage the synchronization, energy dissipation, and fault-handling requirements of emerging billion transistor SoCs (systems-on-a-chip). The single processor architecture is replaced by multi-core SoCs that communicate via networks-on-chip (NoC). These emerging multi-core SoCs provide an ideal execution environment for the integration of multiple automotive ECUs into a single SoC. This paper presents a model-based software development method for designing applications using these multi-core SoCs.
A hybrid PSO/ACO algorithm for classification
Authors: Nicholas Paul Holden, Alex A. Freitas
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 GECCO conference companion on Genetic and evolutionary computation (2007)

In a previous work we have proposed a hybrid Particle Swarm Optimisation/Ant Colony Optimisation (PSO/ACO) algorithm for the discovery of classification rules, in the context of data mining. Unlike a conventional PSO algorithm, this hybrid algorithm can directly cope with nominal attributes, without converting nominal values into numbers in a pre-processing phase. The design of this hybrid algorithm was motivated by the fact that nominal attributes are common in data mining, but the algorithm can in principle be applied to other kinds of problems involving nominal variables (though this paper focuses only on data mining). In this paper we propose several modifications to the original PSO/ACO algorithm. We evaluate the new version of the PSO/ACO algorithm (PSO/ACO2) in 16 public-domain real-world datasets often used to benchmark the performance of classification algorithms. PSO/ACO2 is evaluated with two different rule quality (particle "fitness") functions. We show that the choice of rule quality measure greatly effects the end performance of PSO/ACO2. In addition, the results show that PSO/ACO2 is very competitive with respect to two well-known rule induction algorithms.
Implementing and testing a virus throttle
Authors: Jamie Twycross, Matthew M. Williamson
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th conference on USENIX Security Symposium - Volume 12 (2003)

In this paper we build on previous theoretical work and describe the implementation and testing of a virus throttle - a program, based on a new approach, that is able to substantially reduce the spread of and hence damage caused by mobile code such as worms and viruses. Our approach is different from current, signature-based anti-virus paradigms in that it identifies potential viruses based on their network behaviour and, instead of preventing such programs from entering a system, seeks to prevent them from leaving. The results presented here show that such an approach is effective in stopping the spread of a real worm, W32/Nimda-D, in under a second, as well as several different configurations of a test worm.
Beyond imprisonment of meaning: Technology facilitating redefining
Authors: Sanne Akkerman, Maarten Overdijk, Wilfried Admiraal, Robert Jan Simons
Venue: Computers in Human Behavior (2007)

Defining is a natural and necessary response to an ambiguous world, but causes fixation of categories and perspectives. On the basis of two earlier studies of project groups, we came to argue that redefining, and hence constructing various ways in which one perceives and understands something, enables groups to overcome imprisonment in meaning, establishing continuous development and flexibility. In this article, we first build a rationale for facilitating a process of redefining, to be taken into account when designing technology. Departing from this rationale, we discuss features of groupware technology that permit change by being flexible, and evoke redefining by engaging the user more actively. In so doing, we argue to think along new lines in the design of communication and collaboration technology. This paper proposes a specific perspective on technology, facilitating groups to engage in a productive, creative fashion of exploiting meaning potential.
A stochastic framework for font-independent devanagari ocr
Authors: Venu Govindaraju
Venue:  (2007)

Font-independent OCR solutions for Latin and Oriental scripts are commercially available and widely used in Digital library applications. However, accurate OCRs are still not available for Devanagari, a script used by over 400 million people in more than forty languages including Hindi and Sanskrit. Challenges in Devanagari OCR include: (i) Large number of character classes, (ii) Character shapes made of complex primitives that cannot be easily segmented using conventional character segmentation approaches, (iii) Variable representations of the same character in different fonts, and (iv) Preponderance of poor print quality or poor quality paper that causes unpredictable character distortions.We address this challenge by segmenting the characters into components which are horizontally or vertically juxtaposed, and connected along non-linear boundaries. Most techniques in the literature have approximated the segmentation process by using sliding windows or projection profiles in a single direction. We adopt a Block Adjacency Graph (BAG) representation, where each node of the BAG represents a part of the character image and the edges represent their interconnections. Characters are segmented by selecting subgraphs while also accommodating the natural breaks and joints in characters and the various ways in which alphabets can join.Instead of the common approach of using font-dependent rules to guide the segmentation and classification process, we have developed a recognition driven segmentation method that generates multiple segmentation results for each character. Word hypotheses are generated by integrating image recognition results with a language model that encodes frequencies of alphabets and syllabic characters. This is in contrast with the previous use of language models primarily as a post-processing technique. We take advantage of the syllabic-alphabetic nature of the Devanagari script by designing a stochastic framework where the primitives are syllabic characters made of one or more alphabets. We use dictionary lookup to enhance the word hypotheses. On a publicly available, multi-font test set of 10,606 words, we have achieved top choice word accuracy of 75%, and top-5 choice word accuracy of 85%. This is a significant improvement over the performance of previous techniques on the same test set.
A Multi-Tier, Multi-Role Security Framework for E-Commerce Systems
Authors: Ernest Cachia, Mark Micallef
Venue: Proceedings of the 14th Annual IEEE International Conference and Workshops on the Engineering of Computer-Based Systems (2007)

As the use of the internet for commercial purposes continues to grow, so do the number of security threats which attempt to disrupt online systems[1][8][9]. A number of these threats are in fact unintended[12]. For example, a careless employee might drop a cup of coffee onto essential equipment. However, when compared to the brick and mortar world, the internet offers would-be attackers a more anonymous environment in which to operate. Also, the free availability of hacking tools makes it possible even for the curious teenager to carry out dangerous attacks.[3]. Despite this ever-present threat however, it is all too often the case that security is dealt with (if at all) after a web application has been developed[2]. This is mainly due to our software development heritage whereby companies prefer to focus on the functionality of new systems because that provides and immediate return on investment. This paper proposes a framework for building security into web applications as they are being developed. The core philosophy here is that security is too big an issue to leave up to one person/team after the product has been developed. The framework also provides a quality assurance process and a communication protocol to ensure that all security-related tasks have been carried out.
A Performance Evaluation of Distributed Framework for Mining Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Azzedine Boukerche, Samer Samarah
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Annual Simulation Symposium (2007)

In this paper, we introduce a comprehensive framework for extracting and mining sensor data. This framework consists of a new formulation for the association rules, distributed extraction mechanism, and a compressed structure for the data along with the mining algorithm that is able to extract the knowledge out of it. The new formulation define the temporal relations between sensors and map them to the association rules, a well know data mining technique, a direct application of the extracted relations is predicting the sources of future events, estimating the value of missed events, or identifying faulty nodes. The proposed distributed extraction is designed to improve the network life time by reducing number of messages needed to generate the required data for the mining process, experiments have shown that our distributed extraction solution is able to reduce number of exchanged messages by 50% compared to a centralized solution. The compressed representation structure, which we call it Positional Lexicographic Tree (PLT), is able to partition and compressed the data and provides an easy access mechanism for manipulating the data, we successfully compared the mining process of the PLT with the FP-Growth, a well know mining algorithm, results have shown that PLT outperform FP-Growth in both CPU time and memory usage.
Interactive, scalable, declarative program analysis: from prototype to implementation
Authors: William C. Benton, Charles N. Fischer
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th ACM SIGPLAN international conference on Principles and practice of declarative programming (2007)

Static analyses provide the semantic foundation for tools ranging from optimizing compilers to refactoring browsers and advanced debuggers. Unfortunately, developing new analysis specifications and implementations is often difficult and error prone. Since analysis specifications are generally written in a declarative style, logic programming presents an attractive model for producing executable specifications of analyses. However, prior work on using logic programming for program analysis has focused exclusively on solving constraints derived from program texts by an external preprocessor. In this paper, we present DIMPLE, an analysis framework for Java bytecodes implemented in the Yap Prolog system [8]. DIMPLE provides both a representation of Java bytecodes in a database of relations and a declarative domain-specific language for specifying new analyses as queries over this database. DIMPLE thus enables researchers to use logic programming for every step of the analysis development process, from specification to prototype to implementation. We demonstrate that our approach facilitates rapid prototyping of new program analyses and produces executable analysis implementations that are speed-competitive with specialized analysis toolkits.
Assessing the impact of changing a "Senior" design course from two to three semesters
Authors: T. W. Schultz
Venue: Proceedings of the 28th Annual Frontiers in Education - Volume 03 (1998)

A 2-semester capstone design course in which students individually plan and execute an electronic-related project is now preceded by a junior-year design course. The good effects of the resulting changes are discussed: better partitioning of project phases, less stress in the final semester, increased emphasis on testing, and a significantly higher success rate.
A Hybrid View in a Laparoscopic Surgery Training System
Authors: Chuan Feng, Jerzy W. Rozenblit, Allan J. Hamilton
Venue: Proceedings of the 14th Annual IEEE International Conference and Workshops on the Engineering of Computer-Based Systems (2007)

In this paper, a hybrid view application is proposed -- a subsystem of a computerized laparoscopic surgery training system. To minimize the potential hazards of laparoscopic surgery, an assistive training system is being developed. A digital camera and magnetic position sensors are used to detect laparoscopic instruments in the system. The hybrid view is a component of this system which overlays the positions of organs and objects with the path history of the instruments. This method could help confirm erroneous movements made by surgeons and provide more useful information than separate sensors. This may minimize the cognitive overload on the surgeons. Initial experimental results are presented to show the feasibility of the proposed method.
An Integrated Hardware/Software Data Prefetching Scheme for Shared-Memory Multiprocessors
Authors: Edward H. Gornish, Alexander Veidenbaum
Venue: Proceedings of the 1994 International Conference on Parallel Processing - Volume 02 (1994)

Both hardware and software prefetching have been shown to be effective in tolerating the large memory latencies inherent in in in shared-memory multiprocessors; however, both types of prefetching have their shortcomings. In this paper, we propose an integrated hardware/software prefetching method that uses simple hardware that can handle most data accesses and software prefetching for the few remaining accesses. This yields an effective scheme that minimizes both CPU overhead and hardware costs. Execution-driven simulations show our method to be very effective.