ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Formalization and Management of Group Obligations
Authors: Yehia El Rakaiby, Frédéric Cuppens, Nora Cuppens-Boulahia
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE International Symposium on Policies for Distributed Systems and Networks (2009)

The specification of abstract security policies which indirectly apply to system entities (like subjects and objects) through group relations (like roles or domains) has been shown to simplify policy specification, interpretation and analysis. In this paper, we show how the abstraction of subjects, actions and objects in obligation policies using group relations can enhance the expressiveness of obligation policy languages. More precisely, we introduce the notion of group contexts through which the policy designer can choose different interpretations for group relations in obligation security rules enabling him or her to specify obligations representing shared responsibilities such as "All patients must be checked by a doctor'' or obligations expressing sets of alternative actions such as "Every customer should pay either in cash or by check''. Management and monitoring requirements of such obligations called group obligations are studied and formalized.
Aggregate dynamics for dense crowd simulation
Authors: Rahul Narain, Abhinav Golas, Sean Curtis, Ming C. Lin
Venue: ACM SIGGRAPH Asia 2009 papers (2009)

Large dense crowds show aggregate behavior with reduced individual freedom of movement. We present a novel, scalable approach for simulating such crowds, using a dual representation both as discrete agents and as a single continuous system. In the continuous setting, we introduce a novel variational constraint called unilateral incompressibility, to model the large-scale behavior of the crowd, and accelerate inter-agent collision avoidance in dense scenarios. This approach makes it possible to simulate very large, dense crowds composed of up to a hundred thousand agents at near-interactive rates on desktop computers.
Seaweed: a web application for designing economic games
Authors: Lydia B. Chilton, Clayton T. Sims, Max Goldman, Greg Little, Robert C. Miller
Venue: Proceedings of the ACM SIGKDD Workshop on Human Computation (2009)

Seaweed is a web application for experimental economists with no programming background to design two-player symmetric games in a visual-oriented interface. Games are automatically published to the web where players can play against each other remotely and game play is logged so that the game's designer can analyze the data. The design and implementation challenge in Seaweed is to provide an end user programming environment that creates games responsive to events and controlled by logic without the designer understanding programming concepts such as events and synchronization, or being burdened by specifying low-level programming detail. Seaweed achieves this by providing high-level visual representations for variables, control flow, and logic, and by automating behaviors for event handling, synchronization, and function evaluation. Seaweed's evaluation demonstrates that Amazon's Mechanical Turk (MTurk) is a viable platform for forming partnerships between people and paying them to perform cooperative tasks in real-time, cheaply and with high throughput
The design of peer feedback and reflection tools in a CSCL environment
Authors: C. Phielix, F. J. Prins, P. A. Kirschner
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Computer supported collaborative learning - Volume 1 (2009)

This design study developed and tested a peer assessment tool and reflection tool for enhancing group functioning in a computer-supported collaborative learning environment. The underlying assumption was that group functioning can be positively influenced by making group members aware of how their behavior is perceived by themselves, their peers, and the group as a whole. This awareness, which is conditional for behavioral change, is achieved through a peer assessment tool and a reflection tool. A 2×2 factorial between-subjects design was used. Participants were 39 fourth-year high school students who worked in groups of 3 or 4 on a collaborative writing task. Results show that groups with peer assessment tool developed better teams, had lower levels of group conflicts, and had a more positive attitude towards collaborative problem solving, than groups without a peer assessment tool. Thus, peer feedback on social behavior of group members can enhance group functioning in CSCL-groups.
Asperger Syndrome and Mobile Phone Behavior
Authors: Laura Daley, Shaun Lawson, Emile Zee
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Addressing Diversity. Part I: Held as Part of HCI International 2009 (2009)

This paper introduces the idea of using modern technology to work as an assistive tool for adults with Asperger's Syndrome (AS) and Higher-Functioning Autism (HFA) The study investigated the use of mobile phones by a neurotypical control group. Participants reported their pattern of phone use given specific social scenarios. Results showed that participants were more likely to use the text messaging facility on their phone to contact someone rather than call them. It also showed that their choice of communication mode did not differ given different social scenarios and neither did it when the information was given from the recipients' perspective. Further investigation is described where this information will be compared to a group of AS individuals.
Oxford Handbook of Internet Psychology, 1st edition
Authors: Adam Joinson, Katelyn McKenna, Tom Postmes, Ulf-Dietrich Reips
Venue:  (2009)

Over one billion people use the Internet globally. Psychologists are beginning to understand what people do online, and the impact being online has on behaviour. It's making us re-think many of our existing assumptions about what it means to be a social being. For instance, if we can talk, flirt, meet people and fall in love online, this challenges many of psychology's theories that intimacy or understanding requires physical co-presence. The Oxford Handbook of Internet Psychology brings together many of the leading researchers in what can be termed 'Internet Psychology'. Though a very new area of research, it is growing at a phenomenal pace. In addition to well-studied areas of investigation, such as social identity theory, computer-mediated communication and virtual communities, the volume also includes chapters on topics as diverse as deception and misrepresentation, attitude change and persuasion online, Internet addiction, online relationships, privacy and trust, health and leisure use of the Internet, and the nature of interactivity. With over 30 chapters written by experts in the field, the range and depth of coverage is unequalled, and serves to define this emerging area of research. Uniquely, this content is supported by an entire section covering the use of the Internet as a research tool, including qualitative and quantitative methods, online survey design, personality testing, ethics, and technological and design issues. While it is likely to be a popular research resource to be 'dipped into', as a whole volume it is coherent and compelling enough to act as a single text book. The Oxford Handbook of Internet Psychology is the definitive text on this burgeoning field. It will be an essential resource for anyone interested in the psychological aspects of Internet use, or planning to conduct research using the 'net'.
Comparing Different Aging Operators
Authors: Thomas Jansen, Christine Zarges
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Artificial Immune Systems (2009)

Quite different search heuristics make use of the concept of assigning an age to search points and systematically remove search points that are too old from the search process. In evolutionary computation one defines some finite maximal lifespan and assigns age 0 to each new search point. In artificial immune systems static pure aging is used. There a finite maximal lifespan is defined but new search points inherit the age of their origin if they do not excel in function value. Both aging mechanisms are supposed to increase the capabilities of the respective search heuristics. A rigorous analysis for two typical difficult situations sheds light on similarities and differences. Considering the behavior on plateaus of constant function values and in local optima both methods are shown to have their strengths. A third aging operator is introduced that provably shares the advantages of both aging mechanisms.
Design of Overlapping Block FM-Index Based on Distributed Environment
Authors: Jun Liang, Zhengkun Hu, Hong Bao, Di Zhang, Yunquan Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Forum on Information Technology and Applications - Volume 01 (2009)

With the development of networks and database, the rapid growth of information and data, data files pose a challenge to information retrieval. Compression technology archived the query in the compressed state. Compression enquiries index FM-index is an advanced algorithm in the field, but FM-index must consume great memory in process of construct index. The overlapping block FM-index in occupation of memory has been improved, but it must further improve performance for the GB-level data. In this paper, based on overlapping block FM-index and grid computing technology, comparison of various parameters and programs to transfer results, to combine the characteristics of grid computing and overlap block FM-index, given the design and realization, moreover analysis improved performance of algorithms.
The MULTEXT-east morphosyntactic specifications for Slavic languages
Authors: Tomaž Erjavec, Cvetana Krstev, Vladimír Petkevič, Kiril Simov, Marko Tadić, Duško Vitas
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 EACL Workshop on Morphological Processing of Slavic Languages (2003)

Word-level morphosyntactic descriptions, such as "Ncmsn" designating a common masculine singular noun in the nominative, have been developed for all Slavic languages, yet there have been few attempts to arrive at a proposal that would be harmonised across the languages. Standardisation adds to the interchange potential of the resources, making it easier to develop multilingual applications or to evaluate language technology tools across several languages. The process of the harmonisation of morphosyntactic categories, esp. for morphologically rich Slavic languages is also interesting from a language-typological perspective. The EU Multext-East project developed corpora, lexica and tools for seven languages, with the focus being on morphosyntactic data, including formal, EAGLES-based specifications for lexical morphosyntactic descriptions. The specifications were later extended, so that they currently cover nine languages, five from the Slavic family: Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Serbian and Slovene. The paper presents these morphosyntactic specifications, giving their background and structure, including the encoding of the tables as TEI feature structures. The five Slavic language specifications are discussed in more depth.
Beyond EM: Bayesian techniques for human language technology researchers
Authors: Hal Daume,  III
Venue: Proceedings of the Human Language Technology Conference of the NAACL, Companion Volume: Tutorial Abstracts on XX (2006)

The Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm has proved to be a great and useful technique for unsupervised learning problems in natural language, but, unfortunately, its range of applications is largely limited by intractable E- or M-steps, and its reliance on the maximum likelihood estimator. The natural language processing community typically resorts to ad-hoc approximation methods to get (some reduced form of) EM to apply to our tasks. However, many of the problems that plague EM can be solved with Bayesian methods, which are theoretically more well justified. This tutorial will cover Bayesian methods as they can be used in natural language processing. The two primary foci of this tutorial are specifying prior distributions and performing the necessary computations to perform inference in Bayesian models. The focus of the tutorial will be primarily on unsupervised techniques (for which EM is the obvious choice). Supervised and discriminative techniques will also be mentioned at the conclusion of the tutorial, and pointers to relevant literature will be provided.
A Basic Study on a Drawing-Learning Support System in the Networked Environment
Authors: Takashi Nagai, Mizue Kayama, Kazunori Itoh
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Part II: Novel Interaction Methods and Techniques (2009)

The purpose of this study is to develop a support system in drawing-learning within a networked environment. In this paper, we describe the results of potential assessment for our system. Two assessment approaches are shown. One is the possibility of a digital pen as a drawing-tool. The other approach is the effectiveness of the drawing-learning support in the networked environment, based on the reuse of the learner's and/or expert's drawing process. The drawing process model for supporting individual drawing-learning is also discussed.
Model and System of Accident Information Interaction in the Virtual Team Based on Multi-agent
Authors: Liu Jian-gang, Yang Chun, Mo Qi
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Forum on Information Technology and Applications - Volume 01 (2009)

During product collaborative development, the members in virtual team may interact with accident information. The mode and class of information interaction in virtual team is discussed. This paper classifies information interaction mode to intra-team interaction and inter-team interaction, further classifies inter-team interaction to arranged information interaction and accident information interaction. And then, the necessity and importance of accident information interaction in virtual team is introduced. Based on these, the model of accident information interaction in virtual team is developed based on multi-agent. It is mainly composed of five kinds of agents: CRAgent, CoAgent, CMAgent, CAAgent, and AAgent. Finally, the prototype system of the system of accident information interaction based on Multi-agent is realized partly. The Class diagram and Sequence diagram of the object model is developed.
A Pursuit-Evasion Algorithm Based on Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Jie Liu, Shuhua Liu, Hongyan Wu, Yu Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation - Volume 02 (2009)

This paper proposed a pursuit-evasion algorithm based on the Option method from hierarchical reinforcement learning and applied it into multi-robot pursuit-evasion game in 2D-Dynamic environment. The algorithm efficiency is studied by comparing it with Q-learning. We decompose the complex task with option method, and divide the learning process into two parts: High-level learning and Low-level learning, then design a new mechanism in order to make the learning process perform parallel. The simulation result shows the Option algorithm can efficiently reduce the complexity of pursuit-evasion task, avoid traditional reinforcement learning curse of dimensionality, and improve the learning result.
Collisions and Other Non-random Properties for Step-Reduced SHA-256
Authors: Sebastiaan Indesteege, Florian Mendel, Bart Preneel, Christian Rechberger
Venue: Selected Areas in Cryptography: 15th International Workshop, SAC 2008, Sackville, New Brunswick, Canada, August 14-15, Revised Selected Papers (2009)

We study the security of step-reduced but otherwise unmodified SHA-256. We show the first collision attacks on SHA-256 reduced to 23 and 24 steps with complexities 218 and 228.5, respectively. We give example colliding message pairs for 23-step and 24-step SHA-256. The best previous, recently obtained result was a collision attack for up to 22 steps. We extend our attacks to 23 and 24-step reduced SHA-512 with respective complexities of 244.9 and 253.0. Additionally, we show non-random behaviour of the SHA-256 compression function in the form of free-start near-collisions for up to 31 steps, which is 6 more steps than the recently obtained non-random behaviour in the form of a semi-free-start near-collision. Even though this represents a step forwards in terms of cryptanalytic techniques, the results do not threaten the security of applications using SHA-256.
Locomotion Animation by Using Riding Motion
Authors: Sung June Chang, Byung Tae Choi
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents (2009)

This paper provides a method to make locomotion animation using riding motion, which is synthesized by computer simulation. Our locomotion system uses riding motion to avoid collision between objects instead of traditional obstacle avoidance. The two-dimensional locomotion using obstacle avoidance has a problem in that positions that the agent move is limited if the number of agents is large. In game or film, user or artist should throw up natural movement to locate agents in the specific area to avoid obstacle. The major strengths of the algorithm is fast calculation and natural locomotion motion, the weakness is that the algorithm is not applied to various creatures
How Should I Read This Word?: The Influence of Vowelization in a Deep Language Orthography on Online Text Comprehension
Authors: Karen Precel, Ronit Webman, Yoram Eshet, Batsheva Engelberg-Behr
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Part III: Applications and Services (2009)

This study examined whether online text vowelization of words in context facilitates reading in Hebrew, which is a deep orthography language. The study compared the effect of vowelization on reading among native and non-native Hebrew speakers. In Study 1, 44 participants performed a self-paced reading - cumulative presentation task [9], that includes a 2 (voweled/non-voweled) X 2 (frequent/non-frequent) X 2 (homographs/unambiguous words) X 2 (location of words: beginning or middle/end of sentence) design. Study 2 was conducted in order to deal with some of the methodological problems in study 1. Eighty-six participants performed the same task. Results indicated that vowelization does not facilitate reaction times of homographs for both Hebrew and non-Hebrew speakers. The results are discussed in relation to previous studies and the participants' characteristics.
On the convergence of modified Newton methods for solving equations containing a non-differentiable term
Authors: Ioannis K. Argyros, Hongmin Ren
Venue: Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics (2009)

We provide a semilocal convergence analysis for certain modified Newton methods for solving equations containing a non-differentiable term. The sufficient convergence conditions of the corresponding Newton methods are often taken as the sufficient conditions for the modified Newton methods. That is why the latter methods are not usually treated separately from the former. However, here we show that weaker conditions, as well as a finer error analysis than before can be obtained for the convergence of modified Newton methods. Numerical examples are also provided.
Regulating Privacy in Wireless Advertising Messaging: FIPP Compliance by Policy vs. by Design
Authors: Heng Xu, John W. Bagby, Terence Ryan Melonas
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Privacy Enhancing Technologies (2009)

This research analyzes consumer privacy issues pertaining to the newly developing wireless marketing context, specifically, wireless advertising messaging (WAM). We develop a conceptual framework named as DIGs (Design innovation/Industry self-regulation/Government regulation/Standards) to assess the efficacy of industry self-regulation, government regulation, and technological solutions in ensuring consumer privacy in WAM. In addition to enhancing our theoretical understanding of WAM privacy, these findings have important implications for WAM service providers, mobile consumers, as well as for regulatory bodies and technology developers.
Resource Acquisition Self-Efficacy, New Venture Creation Activities and Entrepreneurial Success: An Empirical Study
Authors: Hongjia Ma, Baobao Dong
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 IITA International Conference on Services Science, Management and Engineering (2009)

More than half of all attempts to start a business fail. In a quest to help explain the variance in this phenomenon, we develop and test hypotheses related to the role that the resource acquisition self-efficacy, entrepreneurial activities, and start-up success in the new venture creation process. Utilizing data from the three areas of China, we find that resource acquisition self-efficacy is significantly associated with start-up activity. Further, we found that a higher number of start-up activities increased the likelihood of successful new venture creation. Finally, limitation and implications are discussed.
A Smoothing Quadratically Convergent Algorithm for Generalized Linear Complementarity Problem in Engineering Modeling
Authors: Hongchun Sun
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Natural Computing - Volume 02 (2009)

In this paper, we establish a global error bound for the generalized Linear complementtarity problem in engineering modeling (GLCP), based on we propose a new type of solution method to solve the GLCP. The global and quadratic rate of convergence is established without nondegenerate solution. These conclusions can be viewed as extensions of previously known results.
Using CCD Moiré Pattern Analysis to Implement Pressure-Sensitive Touch Surfaces
Authors: Tong Tu, Wooi Boon Goh
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Computer Analysis of Images and Patterns (2009)

The Moiré fringe patterns obtained when a CCD camera views a repetitive line grating can be exploited to measure small changes to surface displacements. We describe how curved surfaces with line grating patterns can be reconstructed by analysing the instantaneous frequency of the extracted 1D Moiré waveform. Experimental results show that monotonically increasing displacements of a stretched canvas of less than 1mm can be clearly separated, suggesting the possibility of using the proposed Moiré-based vision technique to construct accurate pressure-sensitive touch surfaces.
Informed case base maintenance: a complexity profiling approach
Authors: Susan Craw, Stewart Massie, Nirmalie Wiratunga
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 2 (2007)

Knowledge maintenance for Case-Based Reasoning systems is an important knowledge engineering task despite the availability of initial case knowledge and new cases to extend it. For classification systems it is essential that different scenarios for the various classes are well represented and decision boundaries are well defined in the case knowledge. A complexity-based competence metric is proposed that identifies redundant and error-causing cases to be deleted. The metric informs a maintenance tool that enables the engineer to experiment and balance conflicting objectives. Complexity-informed maintenance outperforms benchmark algorithms for redundancy and error reduction tasks.