ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Split-window algorithm for land surface temperature estimation from MSG1-SEVIRI data
Authors: G. -M. Jiang, Z. -L. Li
Venue: International Journal of Remote Sensing (2008)

This letter addresses the land surface temperature (LST) estimation from the data acquired by the spinning enhanced visible and infra-red imager (SEVIRI) on board the first geostationary satellite meteosat second generation (MSG1) using the generalized split-window algorithm proposed by Wan and Dozier (1996). The generalized split-window algorithm was developed for eight view zenith angles (VZAs) by dividing the LST, the average emissivity (ε) and the column water vapour (W) into several sub-ranges to improve the LST estimating accuracy. The simulated results show that the root mean square errors (RMSEs) increase with VZAs and W, and they are less than 1.0 K for all sub-ranges with the VZA less than 45°, or for the sub-ranges with VZA less than 60° and W less than 3.5 cm. The land surface emissivities (LSEs) and W used in the generalized split-window algorithm were estimated from MSG1-SEVIRI data by the method developed by us in previous studies. The results at the four specific locations show that the LSEs were well derived, and the LSTs estimated from MSG1-SEVIRI data are basically consistent with the ones extracted from MODIS/Terra LST products.
Eigen-R2 for dissecting variation in high-dimensional studies
Authors: Lin S. Chen, John D. Storey
Venue: Bioinformatics (2008)

Summary: We provide a new statistical algorithm and software package called ‘eigen-R2’ for dissecting the variation of a high-dimensional biological dataset with respect to other measured variables of interest. We apply eigen-R2 to two real-life examples and compare it with simply averaging R2 over many features. Availability: An R-package eigenR2 is available at http://www.genomine.org/eigenr2/ and will be made publicly available via Bioconductor. Contact: jstorey@princeton.edu Supplementary information:Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Computing Exact Outcomes of Multi-parameter Attack Trees
Authors: Aivo Jürgenson, Jan Willemson
Venue: Proceedings of the OTM 2008 Confederated International Conferences, CoopIS, DOA, GADA, IS, and ODBASE 2008. Part II on On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems (2008)

In this paper we introduce a set of computation rules to determine the attacker's exact expected outcome based on a multi-parameter attack tree. We compare these rules to a previously proposed computational semantics by Buldas et al. and prove that our new semantics always provides at least the same outcome. A serious drawback of our proposed computations is the exponential complexity. Hence, implementation becomes an important issue. We propose several possible optimisations and evaluate the result experimentally. Finally, we also prove the consistency of our computations in the framework of Mauw and Oostdijk and discuss the need to extend the framework.
Optimizing the Utility Function-Based Self-adaptive Behavior of Context-Aware Systems Using User Feedback
Authors: Konstantinos Kakousis, Nearchos Paspallis, George A. Papadopoulos
Venue: Proceedings of the OTM 2008 Confederated International Conferences, CoopIS, DOA, GADA, IS, and ODBASE 2008. Part I on On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems: (2008)

The vision of ubiquitous computing is about numerous devices embedded in our every-day environment, designed to serve humans in a non-obtrusive manner while minimizing the required user attention. These devices are expected to seamlessly monitor context changes and adapt their behavior and functionality to maximize the user benefit. However, designing the self-adaptive logic of such systems is far from trivial. This paper discusses a utility function-based approach for specifying the adaptive behavior of component-based context-aware systems. Although this approach allows for completely autonomous self-adaptive behavior, it also leverages potential user feedback by adjusting and optimizing its behavior. It is argued that this approach provides significant improvement to the adaptive behavior of a system while maintaining the required user attention to a minimum. At the same time, it keeps the complexity involved in the development of such context-aware, self-adaptive applications to a reasonably low level.
Design and control of a planar bipedal robot ERNIE with parallel knee compliance
Authors: T. Yang, E. R. Westervelt, J. P. Schmiedeler, R. A. Bockbrader
Venue: Autonomous Robots (2008)

This paper presents the development of the planar bipedal robot ERNIE as well as numerical and experimental studies of the influence of parallel knee joint compliance on the energetic efficiency of walking in ERNIE. ERNIE has 5 links--a torso, two femurs and two tibias--and is configured to walk on a treadmill so that it can walk indefinitely in a confined space. Springs can be attached across the knee joints in parallel with the knee actuators. The hybrid zero dynamics framework serves as the basis for control of ERNIE's walking. In the investigation of the effects of compliance on the energetic efficiency of walking, four cases were studied: one without springs and three with springs of different stiffnesses and preloads. It was found that for low-speed walking, the addition of soft springs may be used to increase energetic efficiency, while stiffer springs decrease the energetic efficiency. For high-speed walking, the addition of either soft or stiff springs increases the energetic efficiency of walking, while stiffer springs improve the energetic efficiency more than do softer springs.
A transmission line fault locator based on Elman recurrent networks
Authors: Sami Ekici, Selcuk Yildirim, Mustafa Poyraz
Venue: Applied Soft Computing (2009)

In this paper, a transmission line fault location model which is based on an Elman recurrent network (ERN) has been presented for balanced and unbalanced short circuit faults. All fault situations with different inception times are implemented on a 380-kV prototype power system. Wavelet transform (WT) is used for selecting distinctive features about the faulty signals. The system has the advantages of utilizing single-end measurements, using both voltage and current signals. ERN is able to determine the fault location occurred on transmission line rapidly and correctly as an important alternative to standard feedforward back propagation networks (FFNs) and radial basis functions (RBFs) neural networks.
Towards Provenance-Enabling ParaView
Authors: Steven P. Callahan, Juliana Freire, Carlos E. Scheidegger, Cláudio T. Silva, Huy T. Vo
Venue: Provenance and Annotation of Data and Processes: Second International Provenance and Annotation Workshop, IPAW 2008, Salt Lake City, UT, USA, June 17-18, 2008. Revised Selected Papers (2008)

Currently, there are no general provenance management systems or tools available for existing applications. Our goal is to develop provenance technology that is flexible and adaptable to the wide range of requirements of software applications. By consolidating provenance information for a variety of applications, we can provide a uniform environment for querying, sharing, and re-using provenance in large-scale, collaborative settings. In this paper, we describe our framework for provenance-enabling existing applications. Our approach is applicable to a variety of software systems that are process driven. As a concrete example, we describe a working plug-in for an open source application in scientific visualization.
The influence of color and graphical information presentation in a managerial decision simulation
Authors: Izak Benbasat, Albert S. Dexter, Peter Todd
Venue: Human-computer interaction (1986)

A laboratory experiment was conducted to assess the influence of graphical and color-enhanced information presentation on information use and decision quality in a simulation setting. This is the third in a series of studies examining the effects of colors and graphics in a managerial decision-making task. The findings reported in this article indicate that graphical presentations are more useful when evaluating information in order to determine promising directions in the search for an optimal solution, but when the task requires the determination of exact data values for computational purposes, graphical reports are less useful than tabular ones. Benefits of color include taking fewer iterations to complete the task. However, these benefits are associated more strongly with the graphical report as indicated by the significantly higher use of color-enhanced graphical reports over monochromatic ones. The benefits of color are also restricted to the early stages in the decision task, with color graphic report usage dropping sharply over time.
Increasing the Efficiency of the Investments to Be Made in a Portfolio of IT Projects: A Data Envelopment Analysis Approach
Authors: Rui Oliveira Victorio, Antonio Juarez Alencar, Eber Assis Schmitz, Armando Leite Ferreira
Venue: Proceedings of the OTM 2008 Confederated International Conferences, CoopIS, DOA, GADA, IS, and ODBASE 2008. Part I on On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems: (2008)

This article introduces a method that not only allows managers to determine the efficiency of the investments to be made in portfolios of IT projects from a multi-criteria point of view, but also provides guidelines on how to improve their efficiency.
A low-power switched-current CDMA matched filter employing MOS linear matching cell with on-chip A/D converter
Authors: Toshihiko Yamasaki, Tomoyuki Nakayama, Tadashi Shibata
Venue: Integration, the VLSI Journal (2009)

A low-power switched-current matched filter (MF) for code-division multiple-access (CDMA) systems has been developed. The front-end voltage-to-current (V/I) converter has been eliminated by merging the function into each matching cell utilizing the MOS linear I-V characteristics. A low-power analog-to-digital (A/D) converter has also been developed to establish smooth interfacing to digital back-end processing for a delayed locked loop (DLL) and a RAKE receiver. A proof-of-concept chip was fabricated in a 0.35-@mm standard CMOS technology with a measured power consumption of 1.65mW at 11Mchip/s with 2-V power supply including the A/D converter.
The value of personalised recommender systems to e-business: a case study
Authors: M. Benjamin Dias, Dominique Locher, Ming Li, Wael El-Deredy, Paulo J.G. Lisboa
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 ACM conference on Recommender systems (2008)

Recommender systems have recently grown in popularity both in e-commerce and in research. However, there is little, if any, direct evidence in the literature of the value of recommender systems to e-Businesses, especially relating to consumer packaged goods (CPG) sold in a supermarket setting. We have been working in collaboration with LeShop (www.LeShop.ch), to gather real evidence of the added business value of a personalised recommender system. In this paper, we present our initial evaluation of the performance of our model-based personalised recommender systems over the 21-month period from May 2006 to January 2008, with particular focus on the added-value to the business. Our analysis covers shopper penetration, as well as the direct and indirect extra revenue generated by our recommender systems. One of the key lessons we have learnt during this case study is that the effect of a recommender system extends far beyond the direct extra revenue generated from the purchase of recommended items. The importance of maintaining updated model files was also found to be key to maintaining the performance of such model-based systems.
A hybrid-routing based intra-domain mobility management scheme for wireless mesh networks
Authors: Azzedine Boukerche, Zhenxia Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th international symposium on Modeling, analysis and simulation of wireless and mobile systems (2008)

Recent advances in Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) have overcome the drawbacks of traditional wired networks and wireless ad hoc networks. WMNs are going to play a highly promising role in the next generation of networks. Mobility management is one of the most significant management services for WMNs. Due to the inherent characteristics of WMNs, such as relatively static backbones and highly mobile clients, the question of how to provide seamless mobility management for WMNs is the driving force behind research. In this paper, a novel intra-domain mobility management scheme for WMNs is presented. A hybrid routing algorithm is used to forward packets, and during handoff, gratuitous ARP messages are used to provide the new routing information, thus avoiding re-routing and location update. Real-time applications over 802.11 WMNs can be supported by this scheme, such as VoIP, etc.
Numerical stability of nonequispaced fast Fourier transforms
Authors: Daniel Potts, Manfred Tasche
Venue: Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics (2008)

This paper presents some new results on numerical stability for multivariate fast Fourier transform of nonequispaced data (NFFT). In contrast to fast Fourier transform (of equispaced data), the NFFT is an approximate algorithm. In a worst case study, we show that both approximation error and roundoff error have a strong influence on the numerical stability of NFFT. Numerical tests confirm the theoretical estimates of numerical stability.
An autonomous educational mobile robot mediator
Authors: Ruben Mitnik, Miguel Nussbaum, Alvaro Soto
Venue: Autonomous Robots (2008)

So far, most of the applications of robotic technology to education have mainly focused on supporting the teaching of subjects that are closely related to the Robotics field, such as robot programming, robot construction, or mechatronics. Moreover, most of the applications have used the robot as an end or a passive tool of the learning activity, where the robot has been constructed or programmed. In this paper, we present a novel application of robotic technologies to education, where we use the real world situatedness of a robot to teach non-robotic related subjects, such as math and physics. Furthermore, we also provide the robot with a suitable degree of autonomy to actively guide and mediate in the development of the educational activity. We present our approach as an educational framework based on a collaborative and constructivist learning environment, where the robot is able to act as an interaction mediator capable of managing the interactions occurring among the working students. We illustrate the use of this framework by a 4-step methodology that is used to implement two educational activities. These activities were tested at local schools with encouraging results. Accordingly, the main contributions of this work are: i) A novel use of a mobile robot to illustrate and teach relevant concepts and properties of the real world; ii) A novel use of robots as mediators that autonomously guide an educational activity using a collaborative and constructivist learning approach; iii) The implementation and testing of these ideas in a real scenario, working with students at local schools.
Re-ADA: reliable Ada-based descriptive architecture for C4ISR via a quantitative interoperating model
Authors: Sheldon X. Liang, Lyle A. Reibling, John Betts
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 ACM annual international conference on SIGAda annual international conference (2008)

Military commands must respond to a variety of situations by quickly assembling and organizing coalition forces consisting of different components from several countries. Dependable interoperability of their C4ISR systems is vital to the success of many military applications where pressing new requirements quickly emerge and undergo rapid change. In order to achieve dependable interoperability, a reliable infrastructure is critical to incorporating operational components into C4ISR systems. Software architectures and related techniques hold the answer to interoperable, reliable and evolvable C4ISR systems. This paper analyzes the major aspects of dependable interoperability for C4ISR, and presents a Quantitative Interoperating Model (QIM) for enabling seamless interconnection, effective intercommunication and dependable interoperation between heterogeneous components over the network. Based on the QIM, an approach is synthesized toward Reliable Ada-based Descriptive Architecture (re-ADA) for C4ISR. As an executable architectural framework, re-ADA can directly be mapped into Ada95 code and constructed on the basis of CORBA to support distributed computing over-the-network. In particular, the well-formalized QIM - through mapping dependability into quantitative attributes that are attached to architectural artifacts - makes it possible to statically verify quantitative attributes during architectural design, and dynamically monitor them at runtime.
A method for retrieving soil moisture in Tibet region by utilizing microwave index from TRMM/TMI data
Authors: K. B. Mao, H. J. Tang, L. X. Zhang, M. C. Li, Y. Guo, D. Z. Zhao
Venue: International Journal of Remote Sensing (2008)

According to simulation analysis of the advanced integral equation model (AIEM), there is a good linear relationship between emissivity and soil moisture under conditions of given roughness. The normalized difference of emissivities at 19.35 GHz and 10.65 GHz with vertical polarization can partly eliminate the influence of roughness and the squared correlation coefficient is about 0.985. This paper uses the normalized brightness temperature for retrieving soil moisture in Tibet from TRMM/TMI data. This method avoids parametrizing the land surface temperature which is a key parameter for the computation of emissivity. We make some sensitivity analysis for the atmosphere which is the main influence factor for our method. The analysis results indicate that our method is very good for clear days but is not very good when there is rainfall. We evaluate our algorithm by using the ground truth data obtained from GAME-Tibet and the retrieval error of soil moisture is about 0.04m3 m-3 relative to experimental data. The analysis indicates that the relationship obtained from the theoretical model should be revised through the local ground measurement data because the method is still influenced by roughness and vegetation. After making a regression revision, the retrieval error of soil moisture is under 0.02m3 m-3. Finally, we retrieve the soil moisture in Tibet from TRMM/TMI data, and the distribution trend of retrieval results is consistent with the real world.
Feature selection and policy optimization for distributed instruction placement using reinforcement learning
Authors: Katherine E. Coons, Behnam Robatmili, Matthew E. Taylor, Bertrand A. Maher, Doug Burger, Kathryn S. McKinley
Venue: Proceedings of the 17th international conference on Parallel architectures and compilation techniques (2008)

Communication overheads are one of the fundamental challenges in a multiprocessor system. As the number of processors on a chip increases, communication overheads and the distribution of computation and data become increasingly important performance factors. Explicit Dataflow Graph Execution (EDGE) processors, in which instructions communicate with one another directly on a distributed substrate, give the compiler control over communication overheads at a fine granularity. Prior work shows that compilers can effectively reduce fine-grained communication overheads in EDGE architectures using a spatial instruction placement algorithm with a heuristic-based cost function. While this algorithm is effective, the cost function must be painstakingly tuned. Heuristics tuned to perform well across a variety of applications leave users with little ability to tune performance-critical applications, yet we find that the best placement heuristics vary significantly with the application. First, we suggest a systematic feature selection method that reduces the feature set size based on the extent to which features affect performance. To automatically discover placement heuristics, we then use these features as input to a reinforcement learning technique, called Neuro-Evolution of Augmenting Topologies (NEAT), that uses a genetic algorithm to evolve neural networks. We show that NEAT outperforms simulated annealing, the most commonly used optimization technique for instruction placement. We use NEAT to learn general heuristics that are as effective as hand-tuned heuristics, but we find that improving over highly hand-tuned general heuristics is difficult. We then suggest a hierarchical approach to machine learning that classifies segments of code with similar characteristics and learns heuristics for these classes. This approach performs closer to the specialized heuristics. Together, these results suggest that learning compiler heuristics may benefit from both improved feature selection and classification.
Local convergence of inexact methods under the Hölder condition
Authors: Chong Li, Weiping Shen
Venue: Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics (2008)

We study the convergence properties for some inexact Newton-like methods including the inexact Newton methods for solving nonlinear operator equations on Banach spaces. A new type of residual control is presented. Under the assumption that the derivative of the operator satisfies the Holder condition, the radius of convergence ball of the inexact Newton-like methods with the new type of residual control is estimated, and a linear and/or superlinear convergence property is proved, which extends the corresponding result of [B. Morini, Convergence behaviour of inexact Newton methods, Math. Comput. 68 (1999) 1605-1613]. As an application, we show that the inexact Newton-like method presented in [R.H. Chan, H.L. Chung, S.F. Xu, The inexact Newton-like method for inverse eigenvalue problem, BIT Numer. Math. 43 (2003) 7-20] for solving inverse eigenvalue problems can be regarded equivalently as one of the inexact Newton-like methods considered in this paper. A numerical example is provided to illustrate the convergence performance of the algorithm.
Clusters Versus FPGA for Parallel Processing of Hyperspectral Imagery
Authors: Antonio Plaza, Chein-I Chang
Venue: International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications (2008)

Hyperspectral imaging is a new technique in remote sensing that generates images with hundreds of spectral bands, at different wavelength channels, for the same area on the surface of the Earth. Although in recent years several efforts have been directed toward the incorporation of parallel and distributed computing in hyperspectral image analysis, there are no standardized architectures for this purpose in remote sensing missions. To address this issue, this paper develops two highly innovative implementations of a standard hyperspectral data processing chain utilized, among others, in commercial software tools such as Kodak's Research Systems ENVI software package (one of the most popular tools currently available for processing remotely sensed data). It should be noted that the full hyperspectral processing chain has never been implemented in parallel in the past. Analytical and experimental results are presented in the context of a real application, using hyperspectral data collected by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory over the World Trade Center area in New York City, shortly after the terrorist attacks of September 11th 2001. The parallel implementations are tested in two different platforms, including Thunderhead, a massively parallel Beowulf cluster at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, and a Xilinx Virtex-II field programmable gate array (FPGA) device. Combined, these platforms deliver an excellent snapshot of the state-of-the-art in those areas, and offer a thoughtful perspective on the potential and emerging challenges of incorporating parallel processing systems into realistic hyperspectral imaging problems.