ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Automatic input and interactive editing systems of logic circuit diagrams
Authors: Mitsuo Ishii, Yoshikazu Ito, Michiko Iwasaki, Masanari Yamamoto, Sadao Kodama
Venue: Proceedings of the 18th Design Automation Conference (1981)

This paper discusses automatic input and interactive editing systems of logic circuit diagrams. Automatic input is based on pattern recognition, and interactive editing is executed through a graphic display. The system is implemented on a FACOM M-180 II and a PANAFACOM U-400. System overview, hardware configuration, pattern recognition algorithms, editing system, data-base, as well as current results are described.
A computer science option in industrial engineering
Authors: Dennis B. Webster, Victor A. Zaloom
Venue: Proceedings of the third SIGCSE technical symposium on Computer science education (1973)

This paper is concerned with the justification and development of a computer science option which has been approved for inclusion within Auburn University's Industrial Engineering curriculum. From a specification of many of the areas covered by the field of industrial engineering, it became clear that the use of the computer is an integral part of the industrial engineer's work. An analysis of the courses thought to be most useful to an industrial engineer further indicated that such courses fell into a logical sequence from which a minor area of competence in computer science could be developed. The courses comprising the option are presented by means of a precedence diagram which indicates suggested course sequencing. Also presented is the Auburn Industrial Engineering program with the embedded computer science minor.
Educational development opportunities for computer professionals
Authors: Paul P. Howley
Venue: Proceedings of the ACM '81 conference (1981)

This session surveys the professional and educational opportunities prevalently available to computer and data/information processing professionals. Each of the session participants has been invited to submit a formal paper and a discussion on selected topics in this area. Professional and educational development is currently promoted by a number of societies, including the Association of Computing Machinery (ACM) and the IEEE Computer Society. These societies sponsor educational tutorials and seminars, conmunity action groups, and chapter and committee involvements in the technical communities. One of these, the ACM, sponsors a self-assessment program, which provides a set of testing procedures for individuals to personally assess their knowledge of the computer sciences. Whereas self-assessment emphasizes personal learning, the certification programs offered by the Institute for Certification of Computer Professionals (ICCP) provide a means for establishing that individuals have accomplished cerifiable level of professional competetence in particular areas.
Automatic construction of explanation networks for a cooperative user interface
Authors: Philip J. Hayes, Ingrid D. Glasner
Venue: ACM SIGSOC Bulletin (1982)

This paper is concerned with providing automatically generated on-line explanations to the user of a functional computer subsystem or tool about what the tool can and cannot do, what parameters and options are available or required with a given command, etc.. The explanations are given through the COUSIN interface system which provides a cooperative tool-independent user interface for tools whose objects, operations, input syntax, display formats, etc. are declaratively represented in a tool description data base. The explanations are produced automatically from this data base, with no incremental effort on the part of the tool designer, and in a single uniform style for any tool that uses COUSIN as its interface. The explanation facility takes the form of a fine-grained, tightly linked network of text frames supported by the ZOG menu-selection system. Exactly what information the net building program, NB, extracts from a tool description, and the way in which this information is formatted in the text frames is controlled by a second declarative data base called the aspect description. The declarative nature of the aspect description makes it easy to adapt NB to changes in and extensions to the tool description formalism, and to experiment with the structure of the explanation network. We also describe how the appropriate network frame can be found and displayed in response to specific explanation requests from the user.
Writing device drivers: A systematic approach
Authors: A. Wupit
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd ACM SIGSMALL symposium and the first SIGPC symposium on Small systems (1980)

The paper presents the development of a method leading to systematic programming of I/O-interfaces (I/O-drivers). The concept of information hiding by means of interrupt routines allows one to achieve both clarity and efficiency.
Lighting characteristics of visual display terminals from an ergonomic point of view
Authors: U. Bräuninger, E. Grandjean
Venue: Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems (1983)

Measuring procedures were developed to assess those lighting characteristics of VDTs which are of importance for visual comfort and for legibility: Luminance oscillation, sharpness, contrasts, stability and dimensions of characters as well as reflections on the display surfaces. 30 different VDT models of various European and US manufacturers disclosed great differences, indicating a big potential for improving the ergonomic qualities of VDTs.
Computer Braille in the Atlanta School System
Authors: Marion P. Boyles
Venue: Proceedings of the ACM annual conference (1973)

The Computer Braille Project in the Atlanta Public School System, funded under Title VI of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) was designed to develop a program to alleviate the problem of limited reading materials by providing braille materials for the visually impaired via the computer. The discrepancy between the amount, kind and availability of reading materials for sighted and blind students is one of the major weaknesses in the overall education program for visually impaired pupils. One of the chief goals for using an automated system such as Atlanta's is the total elimination of the need to know braille by those persons within the system who must prepare the input. One of the chief problems is the rather vigorous standards set forth by the rules of Standard English Braille including the unique formatting of braille publications.
An improved full-duplex retransmission technique
Authors: C. J. Funk, W. G. Bulgren
Venue: Proceedings of the ACM annual conference (1973)

Current concepts in computer telecommunication are surveyed. Error detection with retransmission is shown to be the best method in general to achieve near error-free data transmission over common carrier channels. A new version is proposed by the authors which is specifically designed for full-duplex links. The superiority of this technique is demonstrated by a simulation program which compares the proposed partial retransmission scheme with an ideal block retransmission method with degraded line conditions.
Natural speech from a computer
Authors: Richard Becker, Fausto Poza
Venue: Proceedings of the 1968 23rd ACM national conference (1968)

The research reported in this paper is directed at getting a computer to communicate with human beings by using natural and intelligible speech. Note, that this research is not in the realm of artificial intelligence; that is, it is assumed some message has been constructed for output and we are concerned with methods of presenting this message audibly rather than visually. Applications of such a technique include, for example, sophisticated telephone-answering systems and computer-assisted instruction. There are many possible methods of accomplishing this task; most approaches, however, can be classified as employing either a speech model or speech segmentation technique.
SIGPLAN(Tutorial Session)
Authors: Daniel M. Berry
Venue: Proceedings of the 1976 annual conference (1976)

This tutorial will consist of two parts. In the first part, Professor Johnston will discuss informal semantic modelling of nested module computations in terms of the contour model. In the second part, Professor Berry will discuss and compare a variety of semantic modelling techniques.
User friendly interfaces for data base systems
Authors: Greg W. Scragg
Venue: Proceedings of the ACM '82 conference (1982)

As the number of non-computer scientist users increases, the importance of friendly operating systems does likewise. Data base systems will serve one of the largest groups of such users. For these casual users, &ldquo;friendly&rdquo; takes on stronger meanings than in the world of computer scientists. Systems must be easy to use even for the user who may only use a computer once a month or even less.
A lossless morphological sampling scheme for segmented image compression
Authors: Demin Wang, C. Labit
Venue: Proceedings of the 1995 International Conference on Image Processing (Vol. 1)-Volume 1 - Volume 1 (1995)

Compression of segmented images is an essential step in segmentation-based approaches for image and video coding. This paper presents a lossless morphological sampling scheme for this purpose. With this sampling scheme, an image can be exactly reconstructed from its samples if it has been filtered by a morphological filter, but removal of any one sample would violate the exact reconstruction. Based on the sampling scheme, a new technique for segmented image compression is then developed. This technique can easily control coding errors and bit rates in the coding or decoding procedure.
A transportable system for management and exchange of programs and other text
Authors: W. V. Snyder
Venue: Proceedings of the SIGNUM Conference on the Programming Environment for Development of Numerical Software (1978)

Computer software is usually exchanged between different computer facilities via punched cards or magnetic tape. For up to about 1000 images, cards are cheaper and probably easier to deal with than tape. The primary problem with cards is the variety of punch codes. Frequently, one also has the minor nuisance of repunching cards damaged in transit. For larger amounts of data, tape is cheaper, but there are so many tape formats in use that the recipient frequently has trouble reading a tape, even if the format is simple and well defined. Occasionally, one has the problem of parity errors, which make a tape essentially worthless. When test data, modules in several languages, computer output or documentation are included, the lack of organization in the material can cause a substantial amount of unnecessary human labor. This paper presents a system for exchanging information on tape, that allows information about the data to be included with the data. The system is designed for portability, but requires a few simple machine dependent modules. These modules are available for a variety of machines, and a bootstrapping procedure is provided. The system allows content selected reading of the tape, and a simple text editing facility is provided. Although the system recognizes 30 commands, information may be extracted from the tape by using as few as three commands. In addition to its use for information exchange, we expect the system to find use in maintaining large libraries of text.
Minicomputer programming languages
Authors: Walter Gorman, Michael Broussard
Venue: Proceedings of the ACM SIGMINI/SIGPLAN interface meeting on Programming systems in the small processor environment (1976)

Reduced hardware costs have made high level languages for minicomputers a necessity. A survey of some of the languages available (FORTRAN, BASIC, FOCAL, PL-11, C, SPL, MPL, PLM, and BCPL) demonstrates the current need for a simple, portable, and readable minicomputer language.
Executable requirements for embedded systems
Authors: Pamela Zave, Raymond T. Yeh
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Software engineering (1981)

An approach to requirements specification for embedded systems, based on constructing an executable model of the proposed system interacting with its environment, is proposed. The approach is explained, motivated, and related to data-oriented specification techniques. Portions of a specification language embodying it are introduced, and illustrated with an extended example in which the requirements for a process-control system are developed incrementally.
EDMAS: A locally distributed mail system
Authors: Guy Almes, Andrew Black, Carl Bunje, Douglas Wiebe
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Software engineering (1984)

The Eden Project is a five-year effort to design, build and test operating system structures for local area networks. A specific goal is to allow users to obtain the advantages of both physical distribution and logical integration. Since Eden is physically distributed, its users can take advantage of personal workstations. Since Eden is logically integrated, system resources can be named and accessed in a location independent way. Edmas, the Eden mail system, was designed to be an early test of Eden's usefulness. This paper describes the design and implementation of Edmas, and presents several of the lessons we have learned about constructing location independent services and about the design of mail systems.
A hardware architecture for implementing protection rings
Authors: Michael D. Schroeder, Jerome H. Saltzer
Venue: Proceedings of the third ACM symposium on Operating systems principles (1971)

This paper appears in the March, 1972, issue of the Communications of the ACM. Its abstract is reproduced below. Protection of computations and information is an important aspect of a computer utility. In a system which uses segmentation as a memory addressing scheme, protection can be achieved in part by associating concentric rings of decreasing access privilege with a computation. The mechanisms allow cross-ring calls and subsequent returns to occur without trapping to the supervisor. Automatic hardware validation of references across ring boundaries is also performed. Thus, a call by a user procedure to a protected subsystem (including the supervisor) is identical to a call to a companion user procedure. The mechanisms of passing and referencing arguments are the same in both cases as well.
Properties of the working-set model
Authors: Peter J. Denning, Stuart C. Schwartz
Venue: Proceedings of the third ACM symposium on Operating systems principles (1971)

This paper appears in the March, 1972, issue of the Communications of the ACM. Its abstract is reproduced below. A program's working set W(t,T) at time t is the set of distinct pages among the T most recently referenced pages. Relations between the average working-set size, the missing-page rate, and the interreference-interval distribution may be derived both from time-average definitions and from ensemble-average (statistical) definitions. An efficient algorithm for estimating these quantities is given. The relation to LRU (least recently used) paging is characterized. The independent-reference model, in which page references are statistically independent, is used to assess the effects of interpage dependencies on working-set size observations. Under general assumptions, working-set size is shown to be normally distributed.
Computer-aided design of electrical circuits Simulation techniques (A Tutorial)
Authors: Glenn R. Case
Venue: Proceedings of the ACM '81 conference (1981)

One of the very first applications of digital computers was that of simulation. Perhaps more computer time has been used over the years in this area than any other. Many programs are responsible for the largest computers in existence grinding away, day in and day out, in this general area. This paper will cover simulation as it applies to the design and development of Very Large Scale Integrated (VLSI) circuits. These techniques cover broadly the areas of process and circuit simulation, logic and timing simulation (to include faulted machine performance), and system simulation or simulation at the major block level, sometimes referred to the register transfer level or RTL simulation. This paper will present numerous references so that the reader can pursue further study as needed. Naturally only a summary of each of the major techniques can be presented. It is again noted that this paper covers only the restricted area of simulation as it applies to the development of VLSI although many topics have application far beyond this.
Wavelet-based cosine crossings of signals
Authors: M. L. Hilton, P. Panda, B. Jawerth, W. Sweldens
Venue: Proceedings of the 1995 International Conference on Image Processing (Vol. 1)-Volume 1 - Volume 1 (1995)

The periodic Bar-David (1974) sampling theorem provides an implicit representation of band limited signals using their crossings with a cosine function to form a multiplicative representation involving a Riesz product. The cosine crossings form a unique and stable representation of the signal. We incorporate the wavelet transform into the cosine crossing representation and show that they may be used to compactly represent overcomplete signal expansions.
Dialogue and process design for interactive information systems using Taxis
Authors: John Barron
Venue: ACM SIGOA Newsletter (1982)

This paper deals with dialogue and process management for interactive information systems [abbrev. IISs) within the framework of Taxis Mylopoulos et al 80, a language for IIS design. Dialogues between a user and the system are represented through a small set of primitives incorporated into Taxis while process control is accomplished by incorporating Hoare's I/O commands for communicating sequential processes {Hoare 78}. The overall organization and structure of dialogue and process control for a particular IIS is achieved using scripts, a modified version of augmented Petri nets {Zisman 77}, and the Taxis conceptual framework which stresses generalization abstraction. A journal editing procedure is used to illustrate the proposed extension.
The next step: User-defined microcomputing facilities
Authors: Margaret P. Mize
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th annual ACM SIGUCCS conference on User services (1984)

Many colleges and universities have already passed through the stage of presenting the campus community with a &ldquo;general purpose&rdquo; microcomputing facility. In most cases, this facility is designed by computing professionals and supported by User Services with much the same services as those provided to assist users of mainframe resources. It is time to realize that a &ldquo;general purpose&rdquo; facility cannot be expected to meet the unique needs of every user requiring microcomputing resources. In the mainframe environment, it is often necessary to bend user needs to fit the available resource, but in the microcomputing environment, this same approach is neither necessary or advisable. It is logical that the next stage of campus microcomputing involves facilities specifically designed for a particular group of users. User Services is usually faced with the task of designing, implementing, and supporting these facilities. Considering the complexities of implementing a single microcomputing facility, how can User Services hope to deal effectively with the increasing demands for assistance with the development of these facilities while maintaining reasonable service levels for existing resources? One answer would be to increase the size of the User Services department, but this is not always a realistic option. At UALR, the problem was approached from a different perspective. The solution adopted is based on two premises: First, User Services personnel are experienced in training users, and, second, user knowledge of microcomputers is becoming more sophisticated. This paper reports on the development, presentation, and evaluation of a workshop designed to assist users with the design and implementation of their own microcomputing facility. The workshop was attended by representatives of sixteen departments, and each participant developed a project management plan to be administered by the department with only occasional assistance from User Services during the project's active life span. To date, the results of this approach are promising for both the users and User Services.
Determination of machine requirements via simulation
Authors: Roderick R. Reasor, Robert P. Davis, David M. Miller
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th conference on Winter simulation - Volume 2 (1977)

This paper presents an approach to machine requirements planning which employs simulation as an experimental tool to examine the effects on system performance of varying the number, type and operating characteristics of machines in a production system. A normative mathematical model is employed to guide the determination of variations in machine configurations and operating characteristics, and to identify a minimum cost production system design. An illustration is included to describe model construction and application.
Toward a primitive recursive semantics for APL
Authors: Richard J. Orgass
Venue: Proceedings of the eighth international conference on APL (1976)

A natural framework for a formal semantics of programming languages is described and applied to APL. This framework can be used both for program verification and for language implementation. Although the framework applies only to the primitive recursive fragments of programming languages, it includes most, if not all, programs of practical interest. The power, simplicity and regular structure of APL makes the language an excellent example for this kind of semantics. An outline of the application of the framework to APL and its use for APL implementation and verification are presented.
Object based 3-D motion and structure estimation
Authors: A. A. Alatan, L. Onural
Venue: Proceedings of the 1995 International Conference on Image Processing (Vol. 1)-Volume 1 - Volume 1 (1995)

Motion analysis is the most crucial part of object-based coding. Motion in a 3-D environment can be analyzed better by using a 3-D motion model compared to its 2-D counterpart and hence may improve coding efficiency. Gibbs formulated joint segmentation and estimation of 2-D motion not only improves the performance, but also generates robust point correspondences which are necessary for linear 3-D motion estimation algorithms. Estimated 3-D motion parameters are used to find the structure of the previously segmented objects by minimizing another Gibbs energy. Such an approach achieves error immunity compared to linear algorithms. Experimental results are promising and hence the proposed motion and structure analysis method is a candidate to be used in object-based (or even knowledge-based) video coding schemes.
Myths, history, and possibilities
Authors: Alison Lauder
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th annual ACM SIGUCCS conference on User services (1981)

The average University Computer Centre newsletter offers its readers the following smorgasbord: operating system hors d'oeuvre, statistical soup, installation entrees, salad of system statistics, and to finish, application packages ambrosia. This is all washed down with a vintage whine known as Downtime Despair '81. Is such a diet healthy for the average user? On the contrary, it may lead to tunnel vision. Instead, I would like to suggest the occasional dose of Whole Earth Food. This dish is comprised of myths (which delineate our inner lives), history (a record of external events), and possibilities (the choices before us).
BIMOS, an MOS oriented multi-level logic simulator
Authors: P. Stevens, G. Arnout
Venue: Proceedings of the 20th Design Automation Conference (1983)

In this paper, a new MOS oriented multilevel logic simulator is presented in which primitives can be conventional unidirectional gates as well as high level functional blocks and bidirectional MOS transistors. First the simulator and its capabilities are introduced, then the simulation algorithm, the delay model and a new initialization scheme are presented. Finally, the use of the simulator in a hierarchical design methodology is illustrated.