ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Wide area ocean networks: architecture and system design considerations
Authors: Sumit Roy, Payman Arabshahi, Dan Rouseff, Warren Fox
Venue: Proceedings of the 1st ACM international workshop on Underwater networks (2006)

Wide area ocean networks for monitoring and scientific exploratory purposes are in various stages of design; small-scale networks are already in various stages of deployment and testing. Clearly, cost-effective coverage is a primary underlying principle; arguably, such networks must therefore employ low-cost, energy-efficient mobile nodes. The first objective of this work is to broadly describe the architecture and system design considerations of such wide-area networks with mobile nodes; secondly, we introduce the APL/UW Seaglider capabilities and provide energy estimates for propulsion and data communications. We also discuss tradeoffs, and applications in ocean coverage, and optimization of sensor coverage within constraints of a power-efficient network.
SmartWellOnto: An Ontology for Smart Wells
Authors: Mihaela Oprea, Mariea Marcu, Mihai Pascu Coloja
Venue: Proceedings of the International Multi-Conference on Computing in the Global Information Technology (2006)

The first step that should be performed when developing a knowledge based system is the design and implementation of the knowledge base that has to be coherent, complete and nonredundant, and is generated starting from the ontology of the application domain. The paper presents the architecture of a knowlede based system that is under development, and has as goal the optimum exploitation of the oil/gas reservoir by using smart wells, and focus on the description of SmartWellOnto, a preliminary version of an ontology for smart wells.
Digital PWM controller with one-bit noise-shaping interface
Authors: Jeongjin Roh
Venue: Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing (2006)

Conventionally, pulse width modulation (PWM) controllers for DC-DC switching power converters have been implemented in pure analog circuits. However, recent research showed the possibility of digital controllers with several advantages such as robustness, fast design time, and high flexibility. Since DC-DC converted output voltage is analog in nature, an analog-to-digital interface circuit is always essential even in digital PWM controllers. A simple and efficient delta-sigma modulator is used as a conversion circuit in our silicon implementation. Measurement results show good voltage regulations.
Fuzzy And/Or Graphic Reasoning Model Under Quotient Space Theory
Authors: Junjie CHEN, Kai YANG
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Inteligence for Modelling Control and Automation and International Conference on Intelligent Agents Web Technologies and International Commerce (2006)

Fuzzy set theory and quotient space theory are both the classical tools of Granular Computing. In this paper, we introduced the fuzzy set representations of granules into the and/or graphic reasoning model based on quotient space theory; extended the crisp reasoning to fuzzy; advanced and proved a fuzzy and/or graphic reasoning model under quotient Space theory; used this approach to solve the reasoning problem of fuzzy granule.
A class of novel parallel algorithms for the solution of tridiagonal systems
Authors: J. Verkaik, H. X. Lin
Venue: Parallel Computing (2005)

In this paper, a new class of parallel Gaussian elimination algorithms is presented for the solution of tridiagonal matrix systems. The new algorithms, called ACER (alternating cyclic elimination and reduction), combine the advantages of the well known cyclic elimination algorithm (which is fast) and the cyclic reduction algorithms (which requires fewer operations). The ACER algorithms are developed with the unifying graph model.
Hamming Net and LVQ Neural Networks for Classification of Computer Network Attacks: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Lilia de Sa Silva, Adriana C. Ferrari dos Santos, Antonio Montes, Jose Demisio da Silva Simoes
Venue: Proceedings of the Ninth Brazilian Symposium on Neural Networks (2006)

This paper presents a comparative analysis of results obtained when applying Hamming Net and LVQ (Learning Vector Quantization) classifiers neural networks to recognize attack signatures in datasets. Strings similar to those located on payload field in computer networks packets are inserted in these neural networks for pattern classification. Since 2004, when it was presented for the first time, ANNIDA system (Artificial Neural Network for Intrusion Detection Application) has been improved. Although the very sufficient results presented by the application of Hamming Net neural network in this system, researches have continued to find other classification and data modeling methods in order to compare new results with those obtained from Hamming Net usage. As the LVQ neural network also uses basedcompetition techniques and presents architecture more simple than the Hamming Net architecture, it was decided to implement the LVQ to do the comparative tests. Tests results and analysis are presented in this paper, as well some proposals for future researches.
Drivers for software refactoring decisions
Authors: Mika V. Mäntylä, Casper Lassenius
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 ACM/IEEE international symposium on Empirical software engineering (2006)

This paper presents an empirical study of drivers for software refactoring decisions. We studied the refactoring decisions made by 37 students evaluating ten methods of a purposefully constructed Java program. The decision rationales reported by the evaluators were coded to identify the drivers behind the decisions. The identified drivers were categorized into Structure, Documentation, Visual Representation, and General drivers. The evaluators had conflicting opinions both regarding the internal quality of the methods and refactoring decisions. Complex code problems were detected only by experienced evaluators. Using regression analysis, we looked at the predictive value of drivers explaining the refactoring decisions. The most salient driver leading to a favourable refactoring decision was method size. This study provides information of the refactoring decisions and helps form a basis for creating code problem detectors. By comparing automatic detection and the identified drivers we gained understanding of code problems that are difficult or impossible to detect automatically, for example Poor Algorithm. Issues detected only by experienced developers, and code problems for which the human eye surpasses automatic detection indicate good areas for developer education.
An image size unconstrained ownership identification scheme for gray-level and color ownership statements based on sampling methods
Authors: Ching-Sheng Hsu, Young-Chang Hou
Venue: Journal of Systems and Software (2006)

This paper describes an ownership identification method with gray-level or color ownership statements. The proposed scheme uses the theories and properties of sampling distribution of means to achieve the requirements of robustness and security. Besides, the sampling method also provides that the ownership statements can be of any size regardless of the size of the original image. Since our method does not really insert the ownership statements into the host image, the original image will not be altered and the rightful ownership can be identified without resorting to the original image. Moreover, our method also allows plural ownership statements to be registered for a single host image without causing any damage to other hidden ownership statements. Finally, experimental results will show the robustness of our scheme for gray-level and color ownership statements against several common attacks.
Semantic Modeling of the IMS LD Level B Specification
Authors: Ricardo Amorim, Manuel Lama, Eduardo Sanchez
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (2006)

This paper presents an ontology describing the semantics of the level B of the IMS Learning Design specification. The motivation for this work comes from the need (1) to improve the semantic description of Units of Learning (UoL) based on IMS LD, and (2) to overcome the limitations of UoLs merely described by the IMS LD level A. The ontology includes a taxonomy of concepts and a set of axioms formalized in first order logic. It was represented in F-Logic and OWL.
CSIFT: A SIFT Descriptor with Color Invariant Characteristics
Authors: Alaa E. Abdel-Hakim, Aly A. Farag
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Volume 2 (2006)

SIFT has been proven to be the most robust local invariant feature descriptor. SIFT is designed mainly for gray images. However, color provides valuable information in object description and matching tasks. Many objects can be misclassified if their color contents are ignored. This paper addresses this problem and proposes a novel colored local invariant feature descriptor. Instead of using the gray space to represent the input image, the proposed approach builds the SIFT descriptors in a color invariant space. The built Colored SIFT (CSIFT) is more robust than the conventional SIFT with respect to color and photometrical variations. The evaluation results support the potential of the proposed approach.
Strategies for nanoelectronics
Authors: G. F. Cerofolini, G. Arena, M. Camalleri, C. Galati, S. Reina, L. Renna, D. Mascolo, V. Nosik
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2005)

Denoting with 'nanodevice' any device with size in one dimension at least in the nanometre length scale (NLS), the basic constituent of integrated circuits (ICs), the metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) field-effect transistor (FET), is by several years a nanodevice. In fact, the thickness of the SiO"2 gate dielectric is around 3nm for logics or 5nm for nonvolatile memories. However, since the factors limiting the IC integration are horizontal sizes, in electronics one speaks of nanodevice when its size in one horizontal dimension at least is in the NLS. The definition of features in the NLS is impossible via optical lithography, but can be done using electron- or ion-beam lithography. These techniques, however, are very expensive and still in their fancy, at least for what concerns their exploitation in the industry practice. Geometries in the NLS can however be produced with relative ease by the spacer patterning technique, i.e., transforming vertical features (like film thickness) in the vicinity of a step of a sacrificial layer into horizontal features. The ultimate length producible in this way is controlled by: the steepness of the step defining the sacrificial layer; the uniformity of the deposited or grown films; and the anisotropy of its etching. While useful for the preparation of a few devices with special needs, the above trick does not allow by itself the development of a nanotechnology, where each layer useful for defining the FET should be in the NLS and aligned on the underlying geometries with tolerances in the NLS. Setting up such a nanotechnology is a major problem which will involve the IC industry in the post-Roadmap era. Irrespective of the detailed structure of the basic constituents of nanoICs (molecules, supramolecular structures, clusters, etc.), any nanoIC can hardly be prepared without the ability to produce arrays of conductive strips with pitch in the NLS. This work is devoted to describe a scheme (essentially based on the existing microelectronic technology) for their production without the use of electron- or ion-beam lithography and used as host of molecular devices.
An HMM Based Recognition Scheme for Handwritten Oriya Numerals
Authors: Tapan K. Bhowmik, Swapan K. Parui, Ujjwal Bhattacharya, Bikash Shaw
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Information Technology (2006)

A novel hidden Markov model (HMM) for recognition of handwritten Oriya numerals is proposed. The novelty lies in the fact that the HMM states are not determined a priori, but are determined automatically based on a database of handwritten numeral images. A handwritten numeral is assumed to be a string of several shape primitives. These are in fact the states of the proposed HMM and are found using certain mixture distributions. One HMM is constructed for each numeral. To classify an unknown numeral image, its class conditional probability for each HMM is computed. The classification scheme has been tested on a large handwritten Oriya numeral database developed recently. The classification accuracy is 95.89% and 90.50% for training and test sets respectively.
On the m-Parallel Nonlinear Combine Functions for the Parallel Stream Cipher
Authors: HoonJae Lee, SangGon Lee, YoungHo Park, Tae Yong Kim
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 International Conference on Hybrid Information Technology - Volume 02 (2006)

In this paper, we propose the high-speed implementation of four types of nonlinear combiners using by PS-LFSR(Parallel-Shifting or Parallel- Structured LFSR): m-parallel nonlinear combiner without memory, m-parallel nonlinear combiner with memories, m-parallel nonlinear filter function, and mparallel clock-controlled function. In addition, we propose an implementation example of the m-parallel stream cipher, and determine its cryptographic security and performance.
Development and Pilot Study of a Mobile Phone-aided Mutual Monitoring Support System
Authors: Makiko Takenaka, Masahiko Ohkubo, Shigenori Inagaki, Hideko Kuroda
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE International Workshop on Wireless, Mobile and Ubiquitous Technology in Education (2006)

In this paper, we describe the mobile phone-aided system developed by our project team that supports learner's mutual monitoring during learning activity. We also conducted a pilot study to examine the applicability of this system. The pilot study was conducted with 38 second-grade students in a Japanese elementary school. System applicability was evaluated on the basis of students' judgment of the enjoyment of using the system and its operability, as revealed in a written questionnaire survey, as well as on the basis of behavioral analysis, mainly discourse analysis, of the students using the system. From the results of evaluations, it can be indicated that the developed mobile phone-aided system, which supports mutual monitoring by learners, is of proven utility.
Trust and the use of adaptive cruise control: a study of a cut-in situation
Authors: Bako Rajaonah, Fran&#x00e7;oise Anceaux, Fabrice Vienne
Venue: Cognition, Technology and Work (2006)

This paper analyses driver trust and performance when using adaptive cruise control (ACC) in a situation involving a truck cutting into the lane in front of the ACC-equipped vehicle. The study was carried out using a mini driving simulator and a simulated ACC whose reference speed and time headway (THW) were preset to 130&#x00a0;km/h and 1.5&#x00a0;s, respectively. Questionnaires were used to analyse driver trust. Two kinds of drivers emerge from the analysis of driver behaviour during the cut-in situation: drivers who reclaimed control from the ACC before the device began to regulate the THW with regard to the truck, and drivers who braked after the device had begun its regulation. The latter demonstrated a higher level of trust in the ACC device itself while the former had a higher level of trust in the cooperation with the device. These findings are discussed in terms of over-reliance and well-calibrated trust.
Single-pass distortion-smoothing encoding for low bit-rate video streaming applications
Authors: Tao Chen, Zhihai He
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 International Conference on Multimedia and Expo - Volume 1 (2003)

This paper proposes a rate control scheme for smoothing distortion in low bit-rate video coding. We focus on single-pass encoding that is applicable to both live and off-line streaming. The new rate control tends to achieve slow and smooth distortion variation over time. Without the knowledge of future frames, statistics of previously coded frames are used to derive the expected distortion for the current frame. Constraints of decoder buffer size and pre-loading time are considered in the design. The proposed technique is based on the rate and distortion models used in the TMN8. Its advantages have been shown by experiments.
Dynamic stability of free-free beam subjected to end rocket thrust and carrying a heavy payload at its nose
Authors: T. Ohshima, Y. Sugiyama
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 International Conference on Physics and Control - Volume 4 (2003)

The present paper deals with the dynamic stability of a flexible flight body accommodated with a heavy payload at its nose and subjected to end rocket thrust. The thrust acts on the flexible flight body as a follower load, thus the flight body may lose its stability by body-divergence or body-flutter. The intended aim of the paper is to reveal the effect of heavy payload on dynamic stability of slender flight bodies under rocket thrust. It is assumed that a payload is a rigid body, but not a mass point. The slender flight body is simplified into a uniform free-free beam having a spherical rigid body at its nose. A large rigid body at the nose of the beam applies a lumped inertia force on the nose, in addition to a distributed inertia force along the axis of the beam. Extended Hamilton's principle is applied to the considered beam for driving the equations of motion. Application of finite element method yields a standard eigen-values. It is shown that a large rigid body at the tip lowers the flutter bound considerably, As extreme cases, the free-free beam having no payload can be simplified into Feodosiev's beam, while the beam having an infinitely large rigid sphere leads to Beck's column. Thus the proposed beam can be the missing link between Feodosiev's beam and Beck's column.
Power control and scheduling with minimum rate constraints in clustered multihop TD&#x002F;CDMA wireless ad hoc networks: Research Articles
Authors: Lijun Qian, Dhadesugoor R. Vaman, Xiangfang Li, Zoran Gajic
Venue: Wireless Communications Mobile Computing (2006)

In order to achieve high end-to-end throughput in a multihop wireless ad hoc network, TD&#x002F;CDMA has been chosen as the Medium Access Control (MAC) scheme due to its support for high network throughput in a multihop environment. The associated power control and scheduling problem needs to be addressed to optimize the operations of TD&#x002F;CDMA. In this paper, cluster-based architecture is introduced to provide centralized control within clusters, and the corresponding power control and scheduling schemes are derived to maximize a network utility function and guarantee the minimum rate required by each traffic session, given routes for multiple end-to-end multihop traffic sessions. Because the resulted optimal power control reveals bang-bang characteristics, that is, scheduled nodes transmit with full power while other nodes remain silent, the joint power control and scheduling problem is reduced to a scheduling problem. The multi-link version of the throughput-optimal and the proportional fair scheduling algorithms for multihop wireless ad hoc networks are proposed. In addition, a generic token counter mechanism is employed to satisfy the minimum rate requirements. By ensuring different minimum rate for different traffic sessions, service differentiation is also achieved. Approximation algorithms are suggested to reduce the computational complexity. In networks that are lack of centralized control, distributed scheduling algorithms are also derived and fully distributed implementation is provided. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed schemes. Copyright &copy; 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An Adaptation of the Vector-Space Model for Ontology-Based Information Retrieval
Authors: Pablo Castells, Miriam Fernandez, David Vallet
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering (2007)

Semantic search has been one of the motivations of the Semantic Web since it was envisioned. We propose a model for the exploitation of ontology-based knowledge bases to improve search over large document repositories. In our view of Information Retrieval on the Semantic Web, a search engine returns documents rather than, or in addition to, exact values in response to user queries. For this purpose, our approach includes an ontology-based scheme for the semiautomatic annotation of documents and a retrieval system. The retrieval model is based on an adaptation of the classic vector-space model, including an annotation weighting algorithm, and a ranking algorithm. Semantic search is combined with conventional keyword-based retrieval to achieve tolerance to knowledge base incompleteness. Experiments are shown where our approach is tested on corpora of significant scale, showing clear improvements with respect to keyword-based search.
A New Sequence Pattern Search Algorithm N-OPS
Authors: Guanghao LI, Tadashi Ohmori, Mamuro Hoshi, Yoshinobu Yamashita
Venue: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Data Engineering Workshops (2005)

This paper proposes a new database sequence pattern search algorithm N-OPS, which is based on text search algorithms, and describes its complete technique for searching a given sequence pattern in stored sequential data in a database.
On the suitability of UML 2.0 activity diagrams for business process modelling
Authors: Nick Russell, Wil M. P. van der Aalst, Arthur H. M. ter Hofstede, Petia Wohed
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd Asia-Pacific conference on Conceptual modelling - Volume 53 (2006)

UML is posited as the "swiss army knife" for systems modelling and design activities. It embodies a number of modelling formalisms that have broad applicability in capturing both the static and dynamic aspects of software systems. One area of UML that has received particular attention is that of Activity Diagrams (ADs), which provide a high-level means of modelling dynamic system behaviour. In this paper we examine the suitability of UML 2.0 Activity Diagrams for business process modelling, using the Workflow Patterns as an evaluation framework. The Workflow Patterns are a collection of patterns developed for assessing control-flow, data and resource capabilities in the area of Process Aware Information Systems (PAIS). In doing so, we provide a comprehensive evaluation of the capabilities of UML 2.0 ADs, and their strengths and weaknesses when utilised for business process modelling.
Long live the new video flesh after videodrome Envisioning mutable surfaces for architecture
Authors: Nancy Diniz, Cesar Branco
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on Information Visualization (2006)

This paper describes a system of a dynamic and interactive environment taking inspiration in the 1983 film by David Cronenberg entitled "Videodrome". The movie thereby provides a metaphor for proposing an embodied interface merging video from a physical realm into digital form in real time through an "emotion detector". The main challenge is to detect emotional states of the physical reality and translate them into the digital dimension in real time. The main objective of the project is to test possibilities to turn it into an emotive mutable and permanent membrane for an architectural surface in a near future. This paper also seeks out to reflect on the growing interest in integrating media elements into architecture and how these new emerging principles are creating non traditional materialrealities.