ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Real-Time Traffic Management in Sensor Networks
Authors: Kyriakos Karenos, Vana Kalogeraki
Venue: Proceedings of the 27th IEEE International Real-Time Systems Symposium (2006)

In this work we propose a traffic management mechanism to support real-time flows in highly unpredictable sensor network environments. The mechanism is based on a joint traffic regulation and end-to-end scheduling approach; a traffic regulation component adjusts the incoming packet rate to implicitly control the channel load and intelligently rejects packets that are more likely to miss their deadline while a laxity-based scheduling component projects the packets' per-hop delay and compensates for network endto- end delays. Thus, high success ratios without severely degrading the fidelity are achieved. Our mechanism attempts to maintain accuracy in a resource-efficient manner even under extremely unstable network conditions where delays are difficult to model and compute. Furthermore, the adoption of a component-based approach allows for substantial independence from both the MAC and routing layers. We thoroughly evaluate our mechanism and demonstrate its accuracy and performance merits.
A pharmaco-economic arena model comparing pacemakers
Authors: Jörgen Möller, J. Jaime Caro, Alexandra Ward
Venue: Proceedings of the 36th conference on Winter simulation (2004)

A model showing the pharmaco-economic effects of two different pacemakers in 1000 patients by twinning the patients once their characteristics are assigned. The model (in Arena) looks at both the "personal" effects and the aggregated economic implications.
A cryptography core tolerant to DFA fault attacks
Authors: Carlos Roberto Moratelli, Ï Cota, Marcelo Soares Lubaszewski
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th annual symposium on Integrated circuits and systems design (2006)

This work describes a hardware approach for the concurrent fault detection and error correction in a cryptography core. It has been shown in the literature that transient faults injected in a cryptography core can lead to reveal the encryption code using quite inexpensive equipments. This kind of attack is a real threat to tamper resistant devices such as Smart Cards. To tackle such attacks, the cryptography core must be immune to transient faults. In this work the DES algorithm is taken as a vulnerable cryptosystem case study. We show how an attack against DES is performed through a fault injection campaign. Then, a countermeasure based on partial hardware replication is proposed and applied to DES. Experimental results show the efficiency of the proposed scheme to protect DES against DFA fault attacks. Furthermore, the proposed solution is independent of implementation and can be applied to other cryptography algorithms, such as AES.
Synapse: auto-correlation and dynamic attack redirection in an immunologically-inspired IDS
Authors: David Duncombe, George Mohay, Andrew Clark
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 Australasian workshops on Grid computing and e-research - Volume 54 (2006)

Intrusion detection systems (IDS) perform an important role in the provision of network security, providing real- time notification of attacks in progress. One promising category of IDS attempts to incorporate into its design properties found in the natural immune system. Although previous attempts to apply immunology to intrusion detection have considered the issue of accuracy, more work still needs to be done. We present an immunologically-inspired intrusion detection model in which the false positive rate is moderated through a process of event correlation between multiple sensors. In addition, the model offers a novel response mechanism. Previous research has flirted with a variety of response mechanisms, including those that are capable of tearing down connections, killing processes and dynamically updating firewall rules. Although such mechanisms may prevent or at least mitigate an attack before its full impact is achieved, they work against the collection of information for investigatory or evidence purposes. To overcome this limitation, a response strategy is proposed in which the attack is dynamically redirected to an isolated host deployed as a honeypot. In this way, it becomes possible to mitigate the effects of the attack while at the same time study the attack itself.
Steiner Trees with a Terminal Order
Authors: Fabio Viduani Martinez, Jose Soares
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Computing (2006)

The Steiner tree problem with a terminal order (STO) consists of finding a minimum cost Steiner tree where terminals must respect a permutation. This permutation of terminal vertices gives their ranking on a real line and the minimum cost Steiner tree must be drawable in a planar way on one side of this line. A requirement like this can be found in VLSI-design problems. We propose a polynomial time algorithm to the k-Steiner tree problem with a terminal order (kSTO) and a polynomial time approximation scheme to the STO.
Reducing High-Dimensional Data by Principal Component Analysis vs. Random Projection for Nearest Neighbor Classification
Authors: Sampath Deegalla, Henrik Bostrom
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications (2006)

The computational cost of using nearest neighbor classification often prevents the method from being applied in practice when dealing with high-dimensional data, such as images and micro arrays. One possible solution to this problem is to reduce the dimensionality of the data, ideally without loosing predictive performance. Two different dimensionality reduction methods, principle component analysis (PCA) and random projection (RP), are investigated for this purpose and compared w.r.t. the performance of the resulting nearest neighbor classifier on five image data sets and five micro array data sets. The experiment results demonstrate that PCA outperforms RP for all data sets used in this study. However, the experiments also show that PCA is more sensitive to the choice of the number of reduced dimensions. After reaching a peak, the accuracy degrades with the number of dimensions for PCA, while the accuracy for RP increases with the number of dimensions. The experiments also show that the use of PCA and RP may even outperform using the non-reduced feature set (in 9 respectively 6 cases out of 10), hence not only resulting in more efficient, but also more effective, nearest neighbor classification.
Long-Latency ERPs and Recognition of Facial Identity
Authors: Ela I. Olivares, Jaime Iglesias, Socorro Rodríguez-holguín
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2003)

N400 brain event-related potential (ERP) is a mismatch negativity originally found in response to semantic incongruences of a linguistic nature and is used paradigmatically to investigate memory organization in various domains of information, including that of faces. In the present study, we analyzed different mismatch negativities evoked in N400-like paradigms related to recognition of newly learned faces with or without associated verbal information. ERPs were compared in the following conditions: (1) mismatching features (eyes-eyebrows) using a facial context corresponding to the faces learned without associated verbal information ("pure" intradomain facial processing); (2) mismatching features using a facial context corresponding to the faces learned with associated occupations and proper names ("nonpure" intradomain facial processing); (3) mismatching occupations using a facial context (cross-domain processing); and (4) mismatching names using an occupation context (intradomain verbal processing). Results revealed that mismatching stimuli in the four conditions elicited a mismatch negativity analogous to N400 but with different timing and topographical patterns. The onset of the mismatch negativity occurred earliest in Conditions 1 and 2, followed by Condition 4, and latest in Condition 3. The negativity had the shortest duration in Task 1 and the longest duration in Task 3. Bilateral parietal activity was confirmed in all conditions, in addition to a predominant right posterior temporal localization in Condition 1, a predominant right frontal localization in Condition 2, an occipital localization in Condition 3, and a more widely distributed (although with posterior predominance) localization in Condition 4. These results support the existence of multiple N400, and particularly of a nonlinguistic N400 related to purely visual information, which can be evoked by facial structure processing in the absence of verbal&ndash;semantic information.
Quality views: capturing and exploiting the user perspective on data quality
Authors: Paolo Missier, Suzanne Embury, Mark Greenwood, Alun Preece, Binling Jin
Venue: Proceedings of the 32nd international conference on Very large data bases (2006)

There is a growing awareness among life scientists of the variability in quality of the data in public repositories, and of the threat that poor data quality poses to the validity of experimental results. No standards are available, however, for computing quality levels in this data domain. We argue that data processing environments used by life scientists should feature facilities for expressing and applying quality-based, personal data acceptability criteria.We propose a framework for the specification of users' quality processing requirements, called quality views. These views are compiled and semi-automatically embedded within the data processing environment. The result is a quality management toolkit that promotes rapid prototyping and reuse of quality components. We illustrate the utility of the framework by showing how it can be deployed within Taverna, a scientific workflow management tool, and applied to actual workflows for data analysis in proteomics.
A Novel Low-IF Topology for High Performance Integrated Receivers
Authors: Lingjun Xu, Qiang Wang, Jiansong Gao, Yong Wang, Ping Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 International Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia (2006)

As conventional low-IF (intermediate frequency) receivers have the main drawback that they are more sensitive to good mirror signal suppression, a novel low-IF receiver topology that has the ability of mirror signal suppression was proposed, and analyzed. Then the proposed low-IF receiver topology was validated both by analytical method and time domain transient simulation. From the results of analytical and time domain simulation, the validity of the novel low-IF receiver is approved. As the proposed low-IF receiver combines advantages of both classical IF receiver and zero-IF receiver: an excellent performance and a high degree of integration. Using the novel low-IF topology, it becomes possible to realize a fully integrated receiver front-end that does not require a single external component.
Determination of the Method of Construction of 1650 B.C. Wall Paintings
Authors: Constantin Papaodysseus, Dimitrios K. Fragoulis, Mihalis Panagopoulos, Thanasis Panagopoulos, Panayiotis Rousopoulos, Mihalis Exarhos, Angelos Skembris
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (2006)

In this paper, a methodology of general applicability is presented for answering the question if an artist used a number of archetypes to draw a painting or if he drew it freehand. In fact, the contour line parts of the drawn objects that potentially correspond to archetypes are initially spotted. Subsequently, the exact form of these archetypes and their appearance throughout the painting is determined. The method has been applied to celebrated Thera Late Bronze Age wall paintings with full success. It has been demonstrated that the artist or group of artists has used seven geometrical archetypes and seven corresponding well-constructed stencils (four hyperbolae, two ellipses, and one Archimedes' spiral) to draw the wall painting "Gathering of Crocus” in 1650 B.C. This method of drawing seems to be unique in the history of arts and of great importance for archaeology, and the history of mathematics and sciences, as well.
Shared referencing of mathematical objects in online chat
Authors: Gerry Stahl, Alan Zemel, Johann Sarmiento, Murat Cakir, Stephen Weimar, Martin Wessner, Martin Mühlpfordt
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Learning sciences (2006)

We conceptualize referencing as a primary means of establishing intersubjective meaning and, therefore, as an important consideration in supporting collaborative learning. What we call group cognition is a discourse-centered analysis of the interactional basis of collaborative knowledge building, establishing common ground and co-constructing shared meaning. This epistemological perspective has methodological, technological and pedagogical implications. It directs empirical analysis toward the manifold forms of referencing that constitute small-group communication. Studies of how students actually make sense of, adapt and adopt referential affordances in computational media are used to inform the design of educational software environments. In particular, we are developing an online service for groups of people to discuss mathematical themes. This paper looks at how a group of students used methods of referencing to co-construct geometric objects in a chat room with graphical referencing tools.
Automation Associates, Inc.: TMS
Authors: Rainer Dronzek
Venue: Proceedings of the 37th conference on Winter simulation (2005)

Automation Associates applies its Modeling Studio technology to industries such as transportation, manufacturing, healthcare and food service. This session will highlight the Transportation Modeling Studio (TMS) and its use with a variety of simulation applications. Global supply chain case studies will include ports, rail and distribution centers.
Polarization-based Surface Reconstruction via Patch Matching
Authors: Gary Atkinson, Edwin Hancock
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Volume 1 (2006)

A new method for multiple viewpoint 3D shape reconstruction is presented that relies on the polarization properties of surface reflection. The method is intended to complement existing stereo techniques by establishing correspondence for surfaces without salient features. The phase and degree of polarization from two views of an object are used to reconstruct surface patches. Local surface properties are then used to both align these patches and to compute a cost for that alignment. This cost is used as a basis to establish correspondence between the two views. The method is tested on an object library comprising shapes of varying complexity and material. An accuracy assessment is also presented where real world data are compared to ground truth.
Alternative custodians for congestion control in delay tolerant networks
Authors: Matthew Seligman, Kevin Fall, Padma Mundur
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 SIGCOMM workshop on Challenged networks (2006)

We approach the problem of handling storage congestion at store-and-forward (DTN) nodes by migrating stored data to neighbors. The proposed solution includes a set of algorithms to determine which messages should be migrated to which neighbors and when. It also includes an extension to the DTN custody transfer mechanism enabling a "pull" form of custody transfer where a custodian may request custody of a message from another custodian. This approach allows us to decouple the problem of storage allocation among a relatively proximal group of storage nodes from the overall problem of path selection across a larger network. Doing so admits the possibility of localized routing loops for some messages which has been shown to be desirable for avoiding some head-of-line blocking problems. We select eligible storage neighbors using a function of available storage and incident link characteristics. Using simulation, we evaluate this approach and show how migrating custodian storage in this fashion can improve message completion rate by as much as 48% for some storage-constrained DTN networks.
Service oriented architecture (SOA) a new paradigm to implement dynamic e-business solutions
Authors: Joseph Bih
Venue: Ubiquity (2006)

Software development has undergone various stages of paradigms - the very last one is called Object-Oriented (O-O) paradigm. Typical of this paradigm has been culminated by several OO programming languages such as C++, Java and VB. With the advent of Internetworking and evolvement of web technologies, business needs, especially isolated service requests/components, put a new demand on new software architecture. Existing models are examined in the light of their constraints and limitations to meet these constant changing business requirements. Service-oriented Architecture (SOA), as the next generation software architecture and through the utilization of the web service, XML and other related technologies provides viable working solution to implement dynamic e-business. This paper discusses SOA model and how it fits into implementing dynamic e-business solutions.
NeL2: network drawing tool for handling layered structured network diagram
Authors: Nagayoshi Nakazono, Kazuo Misue, Jiro Tanaka
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 Asia-Pacific Symposium on Information Visualisation - Volume 60 (2006)

We propose a "layered structured network diagram," which consists of layers of time differences. We have implemented a tool called "NeL2 " for handling layered structured network diagrams. Layered structured network diagrams have multiple accumulated layers and are not single diagrams. Using this layered structure, time differences can be included in one diagram. In addition, various type of information, such as the overall tendency in a diagram during a specific period of time, can be visualized.We used layered structured network diagrams to show the co-authorship network of academic literature. Changes in the co-authorship network become visible using the layered structured network diagram. We can read various information such as changes of active research communities and other phenomena. In addition to co-authorship networks, the layered structured network diagram can be applied to the visualization of various data, such as idea processors, changes of Web sites, and others.
Industrial Control Communication Framework on an IPv6 Infrastructure
Authors: Ramona Marfievici, Gheorghe Sebestyen, Anca Pop-Bidian
Venue: Proceedings of the International Multi-Conference on Computing in the Global Information Technology (2006)

In the distributed industrial control area activities are concentrated around two main directions that are sometimes conflicting: the development of communication tools in order to satisfy specific requirements from industrial control field and the use of the general purpose communication protocols for distributed control applications. We studied the possibilities of using the QoS features of IPv6 protocol as support for industrial communications and proposed a communication model. The analysis and implementation results showed that some of the most critical aspects of an industrial communication infrastructure are solved using this architecture.
Understanding a Shift in Teacher Role as Opportunities to Promote Educational Designing Skills for Active Teacher
Authors: Laila Oubenaissa-Giardina
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (2006)

It is difficult to discuss the teacher role without probing the place that he should occupy in the actual promoted learner-centred approach. His role therefore depends on learner' need and attends and the society' aspirations. However, two concerns makes difficult to conceive this role. First, the lack of research that, describe and express clearly the emergent personal and cultural learners' characteristics that the use of ICT unmask progressively. Second, the dissonance that exist between the educative and developmental goals inspired by the UNESCO, EFA, etc. and the economic-driven model that impose learning environment architecture mostly oriented on management, organization, control and testing. Discussing the teacher role cannot be constructive without a reflection on how teacher perceive the actual elearning environment and which kind educational designing skills he/she should acquire to have a control on the learning environment he/she like to promote in his/her teaching.
Bare-hand 3D gesture input to interactive systems
Authors: Pushkar Dhawale, Masood Masoodian, Bill Rogers
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th ACM SIGCHI New Zealand chapter's international conference on Computer-human interaction: design centered HCI (2006)

Although the 2D desktop metaphor has been the dominating paradigm of user interfaces for over two decades, 3D models of interaction are becoming more feasible due to advances in computer output hardware and software technology. However, conventional input devices such as a mouse or track-pad generally restrict direct manipulation interaction to a 2D paradigm. More sophisticated 3D input devices such data-gloves have been available for some time, but these tend to be expensive or restrictive in their use. In this paper we describe a simple and inexpensive single camera-based video input system which allows 3D interaction with existing computer application using bare hands.
Content Based Description of Audio in the Context of AXMEDIS
Authors: Nicolas Scaringella, Martin Schmucker, Michael Arnold
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Automated Production of Cross Media Content for Multi-Channel Distribution (2006)

The enormous growth of digital music databases has led to a comparable growth in the need for methods that help users organize and access such information. One area in particular that has seen much recent research activity is the use of automated techniques to describe audio content and to allow its identification, browsing and retrieval. This paper presents algorithms for audio content analysis, description and identification that are developed and implemented in the context of the AXMEDIS project.
VS: Facial Sculpting in the Virtual World
Authors: YiFan GAO, Manolya Kavakli
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Inteligence for Modelling Control and Automation and International Conference on Intelligent Agents Web Technologies and International Commerce (2006)

Facial recognition systems, one of the fastest growing biometric technologies today, require the development of new quality assurance and assessment procedures on their performances for national and personal security. Recent progress on Virtual Reality (VR) has introduced a great number of techniques to generate realistic facial models in order to develop a database for face identification and recognition purposes. In this paper, we describe a framework which integrates VR tools to traditional facial modeling process. Such framework does not only give more freedom to the sculptors, but also the potential to create a more comprehensive facial database for further facial recognition.
Who Reads This Stuff Anyway?
Authors: Scott Davidson
Venue: IEEE Design Test (2006)

The need for a more accurate way to count citations.
Linearly-constrained adaptive beamforming using cyclostationary signal properties
Authors: L. Castedo, Ching-Yih Tseng, A. R. Figueiras-Vidal, L. J. Griffiths
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing,1994. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 04 (1994)

This paper describes a method to incorporate linear constraints into an adaptive beamformer based on cyclostationary signal properties, previously proposed by the authors (see Proc. ICASSP'93, vol.IV, p. 284-287, Minneapolis, MN, April, 1993). The constraints allow an efficient exploitation of the spatial information available from the environment. This knowledge is used to prevent the beamformer from being captured by interferences showing the same cyclostationary properties as the desired signal and to control the sidelobe level of the radiation pattern.