ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Investigating Arrhythmogenic Effects of the hERG Mutation N588K in Virtual Human Atria
Authors: Gunnar Seemann, Paola Carillo, Daniel L. Weiss, Martin W. Krueger, Olaf Dössel, Eberhard P. Scholz
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Functional Imaging and Modeling of the Heart (2009)

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia in the western world. Genetic variants in the cardiac I Kr channel have been identified to influence ventricular repolarization. The aim of this work is to investigate the effect of the mutation N588K on atrial repolarization and the predisposition to AF. Experimental data of N588K mutated hERG channel were incorporated in an atrial ionic model using parameter fitting. The effects of the mutation were analyzed in cell and tissue. N588K showed a gain of function effect, causing a rapid repolarization and a shortening of the action potential duration. Computer simulations of a schematic right atrial geometry were used to investigate the excitation conduction properties. The effective refractory period of mutant cells were reduced from 317 to 233 ms at 1 Hz. The conduction velocity is not significantly influenced by the mutation. Nevertheless, the wavelength of mutant cells is for all frequencies smaller, indicating that the mutation N588K predisposes the initiation and perpetuation of AF.
Energy level and link state aware AODV route request forwarding mechanism research
Authors: Hao Jutao, Zhao Jingjing, Li Minglu
Venue: WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on COMMUNICATIONS (2009)

Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV) provides scalable and effective solution for packet routing in mobile wireless ad hoc networks, however, the path generated by this protocol may derivate far from optimal because of inconsideration of node power, load unbalance and link state, resulting in energy consumption of each nods is imbalanced and reduce the lifetime of whole networks. Based on the basic AODV protocols, an improved protocol is presented in this paper. When the protocol is selecting a route, node power, load status and link state between nodes are all considered. The proposed protocol can improve the network performance. Through the simulation on NS2, it is confirmed that the improved AODV protocol has higher package delivery ratio, lower end to end delay and lower routing overhead than basic AODV protocol.
Proceedings of the 5th Annual Workshop on Cyber Security and Information Intelligence Research: Cyber Security and Information Intelligence Challenges and Strategies
Authors: Frederick Sheldon, Greg Peterson, Axel Krings, Robert Abercrombie, Ali Mili
Venue: ACM International Conference Proceeding Series (2009)

Our reliance on the cyber infrastructure has further grown and the dependencies have become more complex. The infrastructure and applications running on it are not generally governed by the rules of bounded systems and inherit the properties of unbounded systems, such as the absence of global control, borders and barriers. Furthermore, the quest for increasing functionality and ease of operation is often at the cost of controllability, potentially opening up avenues for exploitation and failures. Intelligence is information valued for its currency and relevance rather than its detail or accuracy. In the presence of information explosion, i.e., the pervasive abundance of (public/private) information and the effects of such, intelligence has the potential to shift the advantages in the dynamic game of defense and attacks in cyber space. Gathering, analyzing, and making use of information constitutes a business-/sociopolitical-/military-intelligence gathering activity and ultimately poses significant advantages and liabilities to the survivability of "our" society. The combination of increased vulnerability, increased stakes and increased threats make cyber security and information intelligence (CSII) one of the most important emerging challenges in the evolution of modern cyberspace. The goal of the workshop is to establish, debate and challenge the far-reaching agenda that broadly and comprehensively outlines a strategy for cyber security and information intelligence that is founded on sound principles and technologies.
Adaptive and optimal difference operators in image processing
Authors: Peter Veelaert, Kristof Teelen
Venue: Pattern Recognition (2009)

Differential operators are essential in many image processing applications. Previous work has shown how to compute derivatives more accurately by examining the image locally, and by applying a difference operator which is optimal for each pixel neighborhood. The proposed technique avoids the explicit computation of fitting functions, and replaces the function fitting process by a function classification process using a filter bank of feature detection templates. Both the feature detectors and the optimal difference operators have a specific shape and an associated cost, defined by a rigid mathematical structure, which can be described by Grobner bases. This paper introduces a cost criterion to select the operator of the best approximating function class and the most appropriate template size so that the difference operator can be locally adapted to the digitized function. We describe how to obtain discrete approximates for commonly used differential operators, and illustrate how image processing applications can benefit from the adaptive selection procedure for the operators by means of two example applications: tangent computation for digitized object boundaries and the Laplacian of Gaussian edge detector.
Applying POMDPs to dialog systems in the troubleshooting domain
Authors: Jason D. Williams
Venue: Proceedings of the Workshop on Bridging the Gap: Academic and Industrial Research in Dialog Technologies (2007)

This paper reports on progress applying partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) to a commercial dialog domain: troubleshooting. In the troubleshooting domain, a spoken dialog system helps a user to fix a product such as a failed DSL connection. Past work has argued that a POMDP is a principled approach to building spoken dialog systems in the simpler slot-filling domain; this paper explains how the POMDPs formulation can be extended to the more complex troubleshooting domain. Results from dialog simulation verify that a POMDP outperforms a handcrafted baseline.
Identification of drought-vulnerable areas using NOAA AVHRR data
Authors: S. K. Jain, R. Keshri, A. Goswami, A. Sarkar, A. Chaudhry
Venue: International Journal of Remote Sensing (2009)

Drought is a recurring phenomenon in many parts of India, bringing significant water shortages, economic losses and adverse social consequences. The western regions of India (Rajasthan and Gujarat provinces) have suffered with severe droughts several times in the past. In this study meteorological and satellite data were used for monitoring drought in the southern part of Rajasthan. Monthly rainfall data from six stations were used to derive the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI). The Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) onboard the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) series of satellite was used for calculating brightness temperature (BT), the Normalized Difference Vegetative Index (NDVI) and the Water Supplying Vegetation Index (WSVI). BT was converted to the Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and the Temperature Condition Index (TCI), which are useful indices for the estimation of vegetation health and drought monitoring. The analysis was carried out for a period of four years (2002-2005) and from the SPI analysis it was observed that 2002 was a drought year. On the basis of the satellite-based indices, the study area was divided into categories of extreme, severe, moderate and slight drought and normal condition. We found that in 2002 all of the area under study was affected by drought with greater intensity, mostly classed as extreme and severe drought conditions. An analysis was carried out of the study area divided into four zones on the basis of rainfall distribution, soil characteristics, cropping patterns and other physical characteristics. This analysis revealed that zone 1 was the most drought-prone area in all four years; zone 4 was the next area most affected by severe drought, followed by zones 2 and 3, which were less affected by drought conditions.
A survey of sketch-based 3-D modeling techniques
Authors: Matthew T. Cook, Arvin Agah
Venue: Interacting with Computers (2009)

As 3-D modeling applications transition from engineering environments into the hands of artists, designers, and the consumer market, there is an increasing demand for more intuitive interfaces. In response, 3-D modeling and interface design communities have begun to develop systems based on traditional artistic techniques, particularly sketching. Collectively this growing field of research has come to be known as sketch-based modeling, however the name belies a diversity of promising techniques and unique approaches. This paper presents a survey of current research in sketch-based modeling, including a basic introduction to the topic, the challenges of sketch-based input, and an examination of a number of popular approaches, including representative examples and a general analysis of the benefits and challenges inherent to each.
Hyperbolic conservation laws on the sphere. A geometry-compatible finite volume scheme
Authors: Matania Ben-Artzi, Joseph Falcovitz, Philippe G. LeFloch
Venue: Journal of Computational Physics (2009)

We consider entropy solutions to the initial value problem associated with scalar nonlinear hyperbolic conservation laws posed on the two-dimensional sphere. We propose a finite volume scheme which relies on a web-like mesh made of segments of longitude and latitude lines. The structure of the mesh allows for a discrete version of a natural geometric compatibility condition, which arose earlier in the well-posedness theory established by Ben-Artzi and LeFloch. We study here several classes of flux vectors which define the conservation law under consideration. They are based on prescribing a suitable vector field in the Euclidean three-dimensional space and then suitably projecting it on the sphere's tangent plane; even when the flux vector in the ambient space is constant, the corresponding flux vector is a non-trivial vector field on the sphere. In particular, we construct here ''equatorial periodic solutions'', analogous to one-dimensional periodic solutions to one-dimensional conservation laws, as well as a wide variety of stationary (steady state) solutions. We also construct ''confined solutions'', which are time-dependent solutions supported in an arbitrarily specified subdomain of the sphere. Finally, representative numerical examples and test cases are presented.
A new digital watermarking scheme for 3D triangular mesh models
Authors: Q. S. Ai, Q. Liu, Z. D. Zhou, L. Yang, S. Q. Xie
Venue: Signal Processing (2009)

This paper proposes a new watermarking scheme for three-dimensional (3D) triangular mesh models. In this new scheme, feature points from the rapid changing regions are used to uniquely partition a 3D mesh model into Voronoi patches. Each Voronoi patch is then projected to a reference square plane and the corresponded range image is generated. By employing the existing two-dimensional (2D) image watermarking algorithms, watermark information is embedded into the transform domain of each range image. The watermarked 3D mesh model is obtained by perturbing the vertexes of each patch according to its watermarked range image. In order to make the watermarking scheme robust against various forms of attacks while preserving the perceptibility of the model, the length of the watermark information, the number of the feature points and the embedding strength of the watermark are made adaptive with respect to the geometry complexity of the 3D mesh models. Experimental results show that the proposed watermarking scheme has good imperceptibility and performs well under common 3D watermarking attacks such as mesh simplification, adding noise and cropping.
Transparency rights, technology, and trust
Authors: John Elia
Venue: Ethics and Information Technology (2009)

Information theorists often construe new Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) as leveling mechanisms, regulating power relations at a distance by arming stakeholders with information and enhanced agency. Management theorists have claimed that transparency cultivates stakeholder trust, distinguishes a business from its competition, and attracts new clients, investors, and employees, making it key to future growth and prosperity. Synthesizing these claims, we encounter an increasingly common view: If corporations voluntarily adopted new ICTs in order to foster transparency, trust, and growth, while embracing the redistributions of power they bring about, both corporations and stakeholders would benefit. The common view is short-sighted, however. In order to realize mutual benefit, transparency can not be conceived merely as efficient or economical. The implementation and use of new ICTs will be morally unsatisfactory unless they stably protect stakeholders. Moreover, without such protections, transparency is unlikely to produce lasting trust and growth. More specifically, corporate disclosures ought to be guided by a theory of stakeholder rights to know about threats or risks to stakeholders' basic interests. Such rights are necessary moral protections for stakeholders in any business environment. Respect for transparency rights is not simply value added to a corporation's line of goods and services, but a condition of a corporation's justifiable claim to create value rather than harm, wrong, or injustice in its dealings.
Adobe Photoshop Elements 6 Classroom in a Book
Authors: Adobe Creative Team
Venue:  (2007)

Adobe Photoshop Elements 6 Classroom in a Book is the most thorough and comprehensive way for new users to master all the new features in Adobe's consumer-targeted image editing software. Each chapter in this step-by-step, project-based guide contains a project that builds on the reader's growing knowledge of the program, while end-of-chapter review questions reinforce each lesson. Readers will learn the basics of editing their images with Photoshop Elements and will learn how best to use the program's many new features. These new features include amazing photo-blending technology that lets you easily combine facial expressions and body language from a series of group shots to create a single, perfect composite. Those who need help fixing a blemish or creating a scrapbook page can take advantage of new step-by-step assistance. And users can now create photo books with greater ease and flexibility, take advantage of new selection tools, easily stitch together multiple photos to create seamless panoramas, and quickly find the photos they need with the new Smart Albums feature.
SolidWorks For Dummies: For Dummies Computer/Tech, 2nd edition
Authors: Greg Jankowski, Richard Doyle
Venue:  (2007)

Whether it's your first venture into 3D technical drawing software or you're switching to SolidWorks from something else, you're probably excited about what this CAD program has to offer. Chances are, you figure it's going to take awhile to get the hang of it before you can begin cranking out those perfectly precise 3D designs. SolidWorks For Dummies, 2nd Edition, can help you dramatically shorten that get-acquainted period! SolidWorks For Dummies, 2nd Edition will help you get up and running quickly on the leading 3D technical drawing software. You'll see how to set up SolidWorks to create the type of drawings your industry requires and how to take full advantage of its legendary 3D features. You'll discover how to: *Work with virtual prototypes *Understand the user interface *Use templates and sketch, assemble, and create drawings *Automate the drawing process *Review drawings and collaborate with other team members *Define and edit sketches *Create dimensions and annotations *Print or plot your drawings *Leverage existing designs Sample files on the bonus CD-ROM show you how to apply the latest version of SolidWorks and accomplish specific tasks. Even if you're brand-new to CAD software, SolidWorks For Dummies, 2nd Edition will have you feeling like a pro in no time. You'll find you've entered a whole new dimension.
Timing measurement built-in self test (BIST) for system on chip (SoC)
Authors: M. Amir Abas, G. Russell, D. J. Kinniment
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th WSEAS international conference on Microelectronics, nanoelectronics, optoelectronics (2009)

This paper presents two high-resolution timing measurement BIST for digital SoC applications, namely: Two-Delay Interpolation Method (TDIM) and Time Amplifier. The two schemes are combined to produce a completely new design for BIST time measurement which offers two main advantages: a low range of timing measurement which has never been achieved before, and a small size of layout occupying 0.2 mm2 or equivalent to 3020 transistors. These two features are undoubtedly compatible with present high-speed SOC design architectures. Measurement technique for three common types of Jitter were studied and explained to justify the capabilities of the schemes.
Detecting stock-price manipulation in an emerging market: The case of Turkey
Authors: Hulisi Öğüt, M. Mete Doğanay, Ramazan Aktaş
Venue: Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal (2009)

This paper aims to develop methods that are capable of detecting manipulation in the Istanbul Stock Exchange. We take the difference between manipulated stock's and index's average daily return, average daily change in trading volume and average daily volatility and used these statistics as explanatory variables. The data in post-manipulation and pre-manipulation periods are used as non-manipulated instances while the data in the manipulation period are used as manipulated instances. Test performance of classification accuracy, sensitivity and specificity statistics for Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) are compared with the results of discriminant analysis and logistics regression (logit). We found that the data mining techniques (ANN and SVM) are better suited to detect stock-price manipulation than multivariate statistical techniques (discriminant analysis, logistics regression) as the performances of the data mining techniques in terms of total classification accuracy and sensitivity statistics are better than those of multivariate techniques. We also found that unit change in difference between average daily return of manipulated stock and the index has the largest effect while unit change in difference between average daily change in trading volume of manipulated stock and index has the least effect on multivariate classifiers' decision functions.
Kolmogorov Complexity and Combinatorial Methods in Communication Complexity
Authors: Marc Kaplan, Sophie Laplante
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th Annual Conference on Theory and Applications of Models of Computation (2009)

We introduce a method based on Kolmogorov complexity to prove lower bounds on communication complexity. The intuition behind our technique is close to information theoretic methods [1,2]. Our goal is to gain a better understanding of how information theoretic techniques differ from the family of techniques that follow from Linial and Shraibman's work on factorization norms [3]. This family extends to quantum communication, which prevents them from being used to prove a gap with the randomized setting.We use Kolmogorov complexity for three different things: first, to give a general lower bound in terms of Kolmogorov mutual information; second, to prove an alternative to Yao's minmax principle based on Kolmogorov complexity; and finally, to identify worst case inputs.We show that our method implies the rectangle and corruption bounds [4], known to be closely related to the subdistribution bound [2]. We apply our method to the hidden matching problem, a relation introduced to prove an exponential gap between quantum and classical communication [5]. We then show that our method generalizes the VC dimension [6] and shatter coefficient lower bounds [7]. Finally, we compare one-way communication and simultaneous communication in the case of distributional communication complexity and improve the previous known result [7].
Blender For Dummies
Authors: Jason van Gumster
Venue: For Dummies (2009)

So youve heard about Blender, the free 3D animation software. You really want to know more about the features of Blender, where to get it, and how to use it. Youre in luck. Its all in Blender For Dummies, including Blender software on the bonus DVD. Because theres a lot to learn about Blender, youll be glad this book takes it step by step. First, youll learn to install Blender 2.46 and think the Blender way. Then youll start creating 3D objects and setting them in motion with animations and rigging. Soon youll be texturing with Blender, rendering with Blender, and sharing your creations. Youll learn how to: Create almost anything with meshes, save time with the Mirror modifier, and use Blenders secret weapon, Dupliverts Understand texture mapping, know when to use which type of lamp, and use radiosity in animation Work with curves and surfaces, and add color, shades, texture, and reflections Rig your characters for animation with shape keys, hooks, and armatures, and understand kinematics Navigate in three dimensions Make your animations more believable, and let Blender do the animating for you Use the video sequence editor Export, render, composite, and edit for output Youll even get tips on common problems new Blender users face and how to avoid them. Blender For Dummies will have you creating eye-popping 3D animations before you know it. Bonus Content: Graphics created using techniques and instructions from Blender for Dummies (Click to Enlarge) Character Creation Blending Techniques // -- // --
Testing for trustworthiness in scientific software
Authors: Daniel Hook, Diane Kelly
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 ICSE Workshop on Software Engineering for Computational Science and Engineering (2009)

Two factors contribute to the difficulty of testing scientific software. One is the lack of testing oracles - a means of comparing software output to expected and correct results. The second is the large number of tests required when following any standard testing technique described in the software engineering literature. Due to the lack of oracles, scientists use judgment based on experience to assess trustworthiness, rather than correctness, of their software. This is an approach well established for assessing scientific models. However, the problem of assessing software is more complex, exacerbated by the problem of code faults. This highlights the need for effective and efficient testing for code faults in scientific software. Our current research suggests that a small number of well chosen tests may reveal a high percentage of code faults in scientific software and allow scientists to increase their trust.