ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
The number of lattice paths below a cyclically shifting boundary
Authors: J. Irving, A. Rattan
Venue: Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series A (2009)

We count the number of lattice paths lying under a cyclically shifting piecewise linear boundary of varying slope. Our main result can be viewed as an extension of well-known enumerative formulae concerning lattice paths dominated by lines of integer slope (e.g. the generalized ballot theorem). Its proof is bijective, involving a classical ''reflection'' argument. Moreover, a straightforward refinement of our bijection allows for the counting of paths with a specified number of corners. We also show how the result can be applied to give elegant derivations for the number of lattice walks under certain periodic boundaries. In particular, we recover known expressions concerning paths dominated by a line of half-integer slope, and some new and old formulae for paths lying under special ''staircases.''
Disjoint Region Partitioning for Probabilistic Switching Activity Estimation at Register Transfer Level
Authors: Felipe Machado, Teresa Riesgo, Yago Torroja
Venue: Integrated Circuit and System Design. Power and Timing Modeling, Optimization and Simulation: 18th International Workshop, PATMOS 2008, Lisbon, Portugal, September 10-12, 2008. Revised Selected Papers (2009)

This paper presents a partition method for probabilistic switching activity estimation of combinational circuits described at register transfer level (RTL). Probabilistic estimation of switching activity requires large and complex models that could be unfeasible for large circuits; therefore, circuit partitioning becomes a necessary step to address the analysis. Nevertheless, partition methods imply approximations that produce inaccurate results. We present a partition method based on disjoint signals that minimizes the error and, in addition, it is easy to carry out. Results show important reductions on the binary decision diagrams (BDD) of the probabilistic model as well as low errors. Furthermore, the BDD reduction ratio shows a tendency to increase with large circuits; whilst error seems to decrease with the circuit size.
On embedding subclasses of height-balanced trees in hypercubes
Authors: S. A. Choudum, R. Indhumathi
Venue: Information Sciences: an International Journal (2009)

A height-balanced tree is a rooted binary tree T in which for every vertex v@?V(T), the heights of the subtrees, rooted at the left and right child of v, differ by at most one; this difference is called the balance factor of v. These trees are extensively used as data structures for sorting and searching. We embed several subclasses of height-balanced trees of height h in Q"h"+"1 under certain conditions. In particular, if a tree T is such that the balance factor of every vertex in the first three levels is arbitrary (0 or 1) and the balance factor of every other vertex is zero, then we prove that T is embeddable in its optimal hypercube with dilation 1 or 2 according to whether it is balanced or not.
Articulatory Synthesis of Speech and Singing: State of the Art and Suggestions for Future Research
Authors: Bernd J. Kröger, Peter Birkholz
Venue: Multimodal Signals: Cognitive and Algorithmic Issues: COST Action 2102 and euCognition International School Vietri sul Mare, Italy, April 21-26, 2008 Revised Selected and Invited Papers (2009)

Articulatory synthesis of speech and singing aims for modeling the production process of speech and singing as human-like or natural as possible. The state of the art is described for all modules of articulatory synthesis systems, i.e. vocal tract models, acoustic models, glottis models, noise source models, and control models generating articulator movements and phonatory control information. While a lot of knowledge is available for the production and for the high quality acoustic realization of static spoken and sung sounds it is suggested to improve the quality of control models especially for the generation of articulatory movements. Thus the main problem which should be addressed for improving articulatory synthesis over the next years is the development of high quality control concepts. It is suggested to use action based control concepts and to gather control knowledge by imitating natural speech acquisition and singing acquisition scenarios. It is emphasized that teacher-learner interaction and production, perception, and compre hension of auditory as well as of visual and somatosensory infor mation (multi modal information) should be included in the acquisition (i.e. training or learning) procedures.
First International Workshop on Requirements Engineering and Law (RELAW)
Authors: Annie I. Antón, Travis D. Breaux, Dimitris Karagiannis, John Mylopoulos
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 Requirements Engineering and Law (2008)

Requirements engineering is the practice of identifying and specifying system requirements to achieve a specific purpose. Government laws and regulations are written to achieve societal goals, and thus have a direct impact on system requirements and designs. Engineers and regulators need methods and tools to focus the discussion of legal compliance in terms of observable criteria to ensure that systems comply with relevant laws. The First International Workshop on Requirements Engineering and Law was held in conjunction with the 16th IEEE Requirements Engineering Conference in Barcelona, Spain. The purpose of this workshop was to bring together researchers, lawyers and engineers to coordinate discussion on emerging issues in this area. This report summarizes the workshop structure, the paper discussions and break-out session that yielded important terminology and future research goals.
Probabilistic model of the algorithms of distributed control protocol in the internet network
Authors: O. Yu. Bogoyavlenskaya
Venue: Automation and Remote Control (2009)

Consideration was given to a queuing system that models interaction of two basic algorithms of the TCP protocol. Within the framework of analysis of this system, semi-Markov process of the unified data transmission rate was constructed, recurrent analytical representation of the stationary distribution of a Markov chain embedded in this process was determined, and stationary distribution of the original semi-Markov process was obtained. In view of high complexity of the analytical representation of the stationary distribution, an exact numerical linear-complexity algorithm was constructed enabling one to calculate some important characteristics of the initial protocol.
Compression Functions Suitable for the Multi-Property-Preserving Transform
Authors: Hidenori Kuwakado, Masakatu Morii
Venue: IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences (2008)

Since Bellare and Ristenpart showed a multi-property preserving domain extension transform, the problem of the construction for multi-property hash functions has been reduced to that of the construction for multi-property compression functions. However, the Davies-Meyer compression function that is commonly used for standard hash functions is not a multi-property compression function. That is, in the ideal cipher model, the Davies-Meyer compression function is collision resistant, but it is not indifferentiable from a random oracle. In this paper, we show that the compression function proposed by Lai and Massey is a multi-property compression function. In addition, we show that the simplified version of the Lai-Massey compression function is also a multi-property compression function. The use of these compression functions enables us to construct multi-property hash functions by the multi-property preserving domain extension transform.
SAGA: a system to automate the management of software production
Authors: R. H. Campbell, P. G. Richards
Venue: Proceedings of the May 4-7, 1981, national computer conference (1981)

SAGA is a software development system designed to integrate software production tools and techniques into a flexible management system through the use of special attributed grammars to represent management schemes. Both the software life cycle and project components are described by formal grammars. This formalization will aid understanding of management techniques for complex projects and encourage the automation of repetitive and tedious managerial tasks. Project direction and management is monitored in SAGA from inception through completion and allows identification and scheduling of critical events along with integration of project specification, design, implementation, certification, and maintenance. The SAGA project is expected to have a particular impact on quality software production for reliable computer applications.
CBR period dependent adaptive routing algorithm for MANET
Authors: Jin-woo Hyun, Yoo-seung Won, Sang-Eon Kim, Jae-il Jung
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th conference on Applied computer scince (2008)

Ad-hoc network is an autonomous self-organizing system without infrastructure that mobile node communication based routing protocol. Although several routing protocols were proposed, how to select immediate nodes for routing with less delay to the destination becomes one of the most important issues. Hop by hop routing protocol create routing table for communication. For create routing table must know neighbor node information (e.g. IP Address) through control message. It brings performance degradation due to control message overhead. In this paper, we proposed the algorithm that decreases control message and the technique which reduces overhead.
I'm sorry, Dave: i'm afraid i won't do that: social aspects of human-agent conflict
Authors: Leila Takayama, Victoria Groom, Clifford Nass
Venue: Proceedings of the 27th international conference on Human factors in computing systems (2009)

As computational agents become more sophisticated, it will frequently be necessary for the agents to disagree with users. In these cases, it might be useful for the agent to use politeness strategies that defuse the person's frustrations and preserve the human-computer relationship. One such strategy is distancing, which we implemented by spatially distancing an agent's voice from its body. In a 2 (agent disagreement: none vs. some) x 2 (agent voice location: on robotic body vs. in control box) between-participants experiment, we studied the effects of agent disagreement and agent voice location in a collaborative human-agent desert survival task (N=40). People changed their answers more often when agents disagreed with them and felt more similar to agents that always agreed with them, even when substantive content was identical. Strikingly, people felt more positively toward the disagreeing agent whose voice came from a separate control box rather than from its body; for agreement, the body-attached voice was preferred.
Towards practical page coloring-based multicore cache management
Authors: Xiao Zhang, Sandhya Dwarkadas, Kai Shen
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th ACM European conference on Computer systems (2009)

Modern multi-core processors present new resource management challenges due to the subtle interactions of simultaneously executing processes sharing on-chip resources (particularly the L2 cache). Recent research demonstrates that the operating system may use the page coloring mechanism to control cache partitioning, and consequently to achieve fair and efficient cache utilization. However, page coloring places additional constraints on memory space allocation, which may conflict with application memory needs. Further, adaptive adjustments of cache partitioning policies in a multi-programmed execution environment may incur substantial overhead for page recoloring (or copying). This paper proposes a hot-page coloring approach enforcing coloring on only a small set of frequently accessed (or hot) pages for each process. The cost of identifying hot pages online is reduced by leveraging the knowledge of spatial locality during a page table scan of access bits. Our results demonstrate that hot page identification and selective coloring can significantly alleviate the coloring-induced adverse effects in practice. However, we also reach the somewhat negative conclusion that without additional hardware support, adaptive page coloring is only beneficial when recoloring is performed infrequently (meaning long scheduling time quanta in multi-programmed executions).
An Integrated Indicator System for Minesite Rehabilitation and Sustainable Development
Authors: Xiang Zhu, Daoliang Li
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Advanced Computer Control (2009)

In recent years, the sustainable indicators have become prominent in the evaluation of minesite rehabilitation and sustainable development. A great many sustainability indicators have been proposed by rehabilitation scientists. However, in many studies no formal selection criteria are mentioned and when selection criteria are used they are typically applied to indicators individually. As a result, the indicator selection process is subject to more or less arbitrary decisions, and reports dealing with a similar subject matter or similar geographical entities may use widely different indicators and consequently paint different pictures of the environment.In this paper we present a conceptual framework for the quality evaluation and prioritization of sustainability indicators. The framework is based on DPSIR theory. The framework was conceived in support of methodological studies to identify, evaluate and interpret indicators of land quality. The concept of causal networks can facilitate the identification of the most relevant indicators for a specific domain, problem and location, leading to an indicator set that is at once transparent, efficient and powerful in its ability to assess the state of the environment.
Media Streaming Protocol: An Adaptive Protocol for the Delivery of Audio and Video Over the Internet
Authors: Christopher K. Hess, Roy H. Campbell
Venue: Proceedings of the 1999 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems - Volume 02 (1999)

The introduction of audio and video content on the World Wide Web has greatly increased traffic on the Internet. Congestion within the network may delay the reception of frames and cause them to miss presentation deadlines. A new protocol, the Media Streaming Protocol (MSP), has been developed to stream audio and video over the Internet, which is fair in its consumption of network bandwidth. The protocol incorporates a novel technique to identify congestion within the system. The algorithm monitors the state of the system and is able to quickly adjust to the changing capacity of the network. The protocol reduces the amount of data being transmitted and minimizes the aural and visual defects during playback. Such a protocol is critical as network bandwidth is increasingly being consumed by audio and video applications.
A Practical Real-Time Video Watermarking Scheme Robust against Downscaling Attack
Authors: Kyung-Su Kim, Dong-Hyuck Im, Young-Ho Suh, Heung-Kyu Lee
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th International Workshop on Digital Watermarking (2008)

In this paper, we propose a practical real-time video watermarking scheme for downscaling attack. We embed watermark into an arbitrary size of a host video and extract it from the watermarked video under a preset false error rate. Both watermark embedding and extraction are done in the uncompressed domain. Also, blind detector is used (i.e., no original video needs during the detection). As our watermarking system uses a video coder and decoder according to a format of an input video, it can be applicable to DCT-based coding videos (e.g., MPEG-2) as well as MPEG-1 and MPEG-4. Moreover, for a practical use both embedder and detector are developed as directshow filters that make it easy to connect after another within directshow applications. The payload of this system is totally 192 bits. PSNR after embedding is around 45dB for the host video that ranges from QVGA to High Definition (HD) size. Finally, several experimental results prove that the proposed scheme has good robustness.
Employing artificial immunology and approximate reasoning models for enhanced network intrusion detection
Authors: Seyed A. Shahrestani
Venue: WSEAS Transactions on Information Science and Applications (2009)

With the massive connectivity provided by modern computer networks, more and more systems are subject to attack by intruders. The creativity of attackers, the complexities of host computers, along with the increasing prevalence of distributed systems and insecure networks such as the Internet have contributed to the difficulty in effectively identifying and counteracting security breaches. As such, while it is critical to have the mechanisms that are capable of preventing security violations, complete prevention of security breaches does not appear to be practical. Intrusion detection can be regarded as an alternative, or as a compromise to this situation. Several techniques for detecting intrusions are already well developed. But given their shortcomings, other approaches are being proposed and studied by many researchers. This paper discusses the shortcomings of some of the more traditional approaches used in intrusion detection systems. It argues that some of the techniques that are based on the traditional views of computer security are not likely to fully succeed. An alternative view that may provide better security systems is based on adopting the design principles from the natural immune systems, which in essence solve similar types of problems in living organisms. Furthermore, in any of these methodologies, the need for exploiting the tolerance for imprecision and uncertainty to achieve robustness and low solution costs is evident. This work reports on the study of the implications and advantages of using artificial immunology concepts for handling intrusion detection through approximate reasoning and approximate matching.
Watermarking of Raw Digital Images in Camera Firmware: Embedding and Detection
Authors: Peter Meerwald, Andreas Uhl
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd Pacific Rim Symposium on Advances in Image and Video Technology (2009)

In this paper we investigate `real-time' watermarking of single-sensor digital camera images (often called `raw' images) and blind watermark detection in demosaicked images. We describe the software-only implementation of simple additive spread-spectrum embedding in the firmware of a digital camera. For blind watermark detection, we develop a scheme which adaptively combines the polyphase components of the demosaicked image, taking advantage of the interpolated image structure. Experimental results show the benefits of the novel detection approach for several demosaicking techniques.
On improving optimization effectiveness in interconnect-driven physical synthesis
Authors: Prashant Saxena, Vishal Khandelwal, Changge Qiao, Pei-Hsin Ho, J.-C. Lin, Mahesh A. Iyer
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 international symposium on Physical design (2009)

In modern designs, the delay of a net can vary significantly depending on its routing. This large estimation error during the pre-routing stage can often mislead the optimization of the netlist. We extend state-of-the-art interconnect-driven physical synthesis by introducing a new paradigm (namely, persistence) that relies on guaranteed net routes for the most sensitive nets while performing circuit optimization in the pre-route stage. We implemented our proposed approach in a cutting-edge industrial physical synthesis flow; this involved the automatic identification and routing of critical nets that were likely to be mispredicted, the automatic update of their routes during the subsequent pre-routing stage optimizations, and the guaranteed retention of their routes across the routing stage. Our approach achieves significant performance improvements on a suite of real-world 65nm designs, while ensuring that the impact on their routability remains negligible. Furthermore, our experimental results scale very well with design size.
Evaluation of Remote Monitoring in Home Health Care
Authors: Robert J. Rosati
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on eHealth, Telemedicine, and Social Medicine (2009)

Remote telehealth monitoring has become a common practice in home health care in the United Sates. Further, there is growing evidence of the effectiveness of remote monitoring on patient outcomes. The Visiting Nurse of New York, the largest not-for-profit home health care agency in the country tested the impact of remote monitors on a sample of 132 patients compared to a matched control group (n=264). The results indicated that regardless of diagnosis, the rate of hospitalization for the control group was 45.5% and for the remote monitoring group it was 35.6%. The difference was not statistically significant (p=0.06). However, at the diagnosis level there were significant differences for congestive heart failure and hypertension patients. The diagnoses chosen for analysis were the most frequent (primary or secondary) among the remote monitoring patients with sample sizes greater than 20. Implications of these and other findings are discussed.
Heuristic Optimization Algorithm for Task Assignment in Collaborative Project Based on CITIS
Authors: Xingwen Zhao, Lili Jiang, Xiaoying Xi, Muzhi Li
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Asia Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics (2009)

In CITIS (Contractor Integrated Technical Information Service) collaborative manufacturing project, how the prime contractor reasonably chooses cooperativeenterprises and assigns tasks among them will directly effects on gaining benefit from the project. To solve this problem, in this paper, a new heuristic optimization algorithm is proposed for tasks assignment, which objectives are minimizing costs and reducing the number of enterprises selected based on theminimization of project time. Finally, the algorithm is varied through an example, and the evaluation for it is given.
CSCW Design Team Selection and Issue Management
Authors: Phil Thompson, Rahat Iqbal, Anne James
Venue: Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design IV: 11th International Conference, CSCWD 2007, Melbourne, Australia, April 26-28, 2007. Revised Selected Papers (2008)

Common Ground Theory provides the means to determine those factors which affect the capability of one individual to work with another. This becomes important in design teams where individuals from different disciplines have to work together on complex projects such as ubiquitous computing, calm technology and grid computing. Understanding these common ground factors can enable support to be given to team members when issues arise which cause the project to stall. IBIS (Issue based information system) is a technique for structuring progress on a project and recording issues and supporting information. In this paper an approach is taken which by the creation of a common ground profile for each team member linked to an IBIS database brings together these two concepts to enable member selection and the resolution of project issues in multi-disciplinary project teams. It also provides a means of evaluating elements of the approach by using statistical analysis.