ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Data Hiding and the Statistics of Images
Authors: Ingemar J. Cox
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Digital Watermarking (2009)

The fields of digital watermarking, steganography and steganalysis, and content forensics are closely related. In all cases, there is a class of images that is considered "natural", i.e. images that do not contain watermarks, images that do not contain covert messages, or images that have not been tampered with. And, conversely, there is a class of images that is considered to be "unnatural", i.e. images that contain watermarks, images that contain covert messages, or images that have been tampered with.Thus, at the simplest level, watermarking, steganalysis and content forensics reduce to a two-class classification problem. Specifically, the recognition of natural and unnatural images. A fundamental question is whether all natural images share some common statistical properties. And are these distinct from the statistical properties of unnatural images? These questions are key to understanding the limitations of data hiding technologies with respect to false alarm rates. In this paper we review work pertaining to these questions.
Local stress calculation in simulations of multicomponent systems
Authors: Paulo S. Branicio, David J. Srolovitz
Venue: Journal of Computational Physics (2009)

The virial and Hardy methods provide accurate local stresses for single component materials such as monatomic metals. In contrast to the elemental material case, both methods provide poor estimates of the local stress for multicomponent materials. Using binary materials such as CaO, SiC and AlN and homogeneous strain, we demonstrate that there are several sources for the slow convergence of the virial and Hardy local stresses to the bulk values. Different approaches such as enforced stoichiometry, atomic localization functions and the atomic voronoi volume are used to improve the convergence and increase the spatial resolution of the local stress. The virial method with enforced stoichiometry and atomic voronoi volumes is the most accurate, giving exact stress values by the first atomic shell. In the general case, not assuming stoichiometry, the virial method with localization functions converge to 93% of the bulk value by the third atomic shell. This work may be particularly useful for the real-time description of stresses in simulations of shock waves and deformation dynamics.
Initial classification of joint data in EM estimation of latent class joint model
Authors: Jun Han
Venue: Journal of Multivariate Analysis (2009)

The latent class mixture-of-experts joint model is one of the important methods for jointly modelling longitudinal and recurrent events data when the underlying population is heterogeneous and there are nonnormally distributed outcomes. The maximum likelihood estimates of parameters in latent class joint model are generally obtained by the EM algorithm. The joint distances between subjects and initial classification of subjects under study are essential to finding good starting values of the EM algorithm through formulas. In this article, separate distances and joint distances of longitudinal markers and recurrent events are proposed for classification purposes, and performance of the initial classifications based on the proposed distances and random classification are compared in a simulation study and demonstrated in an example.
An Effective Classification System for Dental Bitewing Radiographs Using Entire Tooth
Authors: Phen-Lan Lin, Yan-Hao Lai
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 WRI Global Congress on Intelligent Systems - Volume 04 (2009)

We propose a dental classification system to effectively classify molar teeth from premolar teeth in dental bitewing radiographs. Our system includes a novel image enhancement method that combines homomorphic filtering to reduce the uneven exposure problem, and both adaptive contrast stretching and adaptive morphological transformations to accentuate the texture of gums and pulps. We also propose using relative length/width ratios of both boundaries of a complete tooth and a pulp, as well as the relative crown size as three features for SVM classifier. The experimental results show that our classification system can classify both molars and premolars in both maxilla and mandible with an accuracy rate of 93.9%, 95.7%, 98.6%, and 91.9%, respectively from 45 dental bitewing images. The results also show that our system correctly classifies two images that were reported misclassified and has higher premolar classification rates in both jaws than the methods presented in a published article.
Effect of a Stereoscopic Movie on the Correlation between Head Acceleration and Body Sway
Authors: Hiroki Takada, Tetsuya Yamamoto, Masaru Miyao, Tatehiko Aoyama, Masashi Furuta, Tomoki Shiozawa
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Virtual and Mixed Reality: Held as Part of HCI International 2009 (2009)

Visually induced motion sickness (VIMS) is caused by sensory conflict, the disagreement between vergence and visual accommodation while observing stereoscopic images. VIMS can be measured by psychological and physiological methods. We quantitatively measured the head acceleration and body sway before and during exposure to a conventional 3D movie. The subjects wore a head mount display and maintained the Romberg posture for the first 60 s and a wide stance (midlines of the heels 20 cm apart) for the next 60 s. Head acceleration was measured using an Active Tracer with 50 Hz sampling. The Simulator Sickness Questioner (SSQ) was completed immediately afterward. For the SSQ sub-scores and each index for stabilograms, we employed two-way ANOVA with leg postures and presence/absence of stereoscopic images as factors. Moreover, we assumed that the input signal was the head acceleration in the transfer system to control the body sway and estimate the transfer function.
Analysis and Assessment of AvID: Multi-Modal Emotional Database
Authors: Rok Gajšek, Vitomir Štruc, Boštjan Vesnicer, Anja Podlesek, Luka Komidar, France Mihelič
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Text, Speech and Dialogue (2009)

The paper deals with the recording and the evaluation of a multi modal (audio/video) database of spontaneous emotions. Firstly, motivation for this work is given and different recording strategies used are described. Special attention is given to the process of evaluating the emotional database. Different kappa statistics normally used in measuring the agreement between annotators are discussed. Following the problems of standard kappa coefficients, when used in emotional database assessment, a new time-weighted free-marginal kappa is presented. It differs from the other kappa statistics in that it weights each utterance's particular score of agreement based on the duration of the utterance. The new method is evaluated and the superiority over the standard kappa, when dealing with a database of spontaneous emotions, is demonstrated.
Robustly secure computer systems: a new security paradigm of system discontinuity
Authors: Jon A. Solworth
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 Workshop on New Security Paradigms (2008)

For over 30 years, system software has been bound by compatibility with legacy applications. The system software base, whether proprietary or open source, is dominated by the programming language C and the POSIX operating system specification. Even when commercial operating systems stray from this model, they don't go very far. Unfortunately, the POSIX/C base was constructed in a more benign environment than today and before many security issues were widely understood. Rather than fix these issues, compatibility has been deemed more important than security, and so this base has been kept intact with all its flaws. As a result, programmers routinely create software with security holes---even in the most security critical software---and today's systems are easily attacked. We propose a new paradigm of system discontinuity which emphasizes security over compatibility by removing those constructs in our system software which lead to security holes in applications. Of course, removing parts of the interface will break applications, and hence the discontinuity. To deal with this situation, we advocate the use of virtual machines to enable multiple operating systems to run concurrently. Thus high security OSs can be used for the most security sensitive applications. Compatibility is maintained for less security sensitive applications using legacy operating systems. Over time, legacy applications can migrate to a more secure OS, thus raising the security of all applications.
Supervised data analysis and reliability estimation with exemplary application for spectral data
Authors: Frank-Michael Schleif, Thomas Villmann, Matthias Ongyerth
Venue: Neurocomputing (2009)

The analysis and classification of data is a common task in multiple fields of experimental research such as bioinformatics, medicine, satellite remote sensing or chemometrics leading to new challenges for an appropriate analysis. For this purpose different machine learning methods have been proposed. These methods usually do not provide information about the reliability of the classification. This, however, is a common requirement in, e.g. medicine and biology. In this line the present contribution offers an approach to enhance classifiers with reliability estimates in the context of prototype vector quantization. This extension can also be used to optimize precision or recall of the classifier system and to determine items which are not classifiable. This can lead to significantly improved classification results. The method is exemplarily presented on satellite remote spectral data but is applicable to a wider range of data sets.
Application of model selection technique in chemogenomic data analysis
Authors: Xin Gao, Lina Lin, Ying Huang
Venue: Statistical Analysis and Data Mining (2009)

With the advent of high-throughput chemogenomic data, it becomes crucially important to extract the important genes which influence the drug activities among the huge number of candidate genes. By employing model selection technique, especially designed for high-dimensional data, we propose to develop a systematic approach to construct the network elucidating the dependency relationships among the drugs and the genes. Based on the extended Bayesian Information Criterion, we are able to select the best parsimonious network structure. A real National Cancer Institute (NCI)-60 panel data set is analyzed to demonstrate the utility of the method. The biological implications of the results are discussed. Copyright &copy; 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Statistical Analysis and Data Mining 2: 186&ndash;191, 2009
Exploring the Spatial Distribution of Bird Habitat with Cluster Analysis
Authors: MingJie Tang, YuanChun Zhou, Peng Cui, HaiTing Zhang, LiangL Hu, YuanSheng Hou, BaoPing Yan
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Eigth IEEE/ACIS International Conference on Computer and Information Science (2009)

Knowledge of wetland use of migratory bird species during the annual life circle is important to construct conservation strategy and explore the implication for avian influenza control. Biological scientists have used GPS satellite telemetry to determine the habitat of wild birds. However, because there is not an efficient method to process the location data sets, scientists have to devote themselves to calculating the scattering location points in the GIS and using MCP or Kernel method to find the approximate home range of bird species. This paper presents an alternative hierarchy clustering-based methodology to build a Spatial-Tree for discovering the habitat area that overcomes the limit of human observation ability. Preliminary results showed that some nodes of the Spatial-Tree correspond to core range area providing an illusive map to depict the breeding and wintering home range of Bar-headed Goose.
Testing Computability by Width Two OBDDs
Authors: Dana Ron, Gilad Tsur
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th International Workshop and 13th International Workshop on Approximation, Randomization, and Combinatorial Optimization. Algorithms and Techniques (2009)

Property testing is concerned with deciding whether an object (e.g. a graph or a function) has a certain property or is "far" (for some definition of far) from every object with that property. In this paper we give lower and upper bounds for testing functions for the property of being computable by a read-once width-2 Ordered Binary Decision Diagram (OBDD), also known as a branching program, where the order of the variables is known. Width-2 OBDDs generalize two classes of functions that have been studied in the context of property testing - linear functions (over GF(2)) and monomials. In both these cases membership can be tested in time that is linear in 1/¿. Interestingly, unlike either of these classes, in which the query complexity of the testing algorithm does not depend on the number, n, of variables in the tested function, we show that (one-sided error) testing for computability by a width-2 OBDD requires ¿(log(n)) queries, and give an algorithm (with one-sided error) that tests for this property and performs $\tilde{O}(\log(n)/\epsilon)$ queries.
A Semantic Condition for Data Independence and Applications in Hardware Verification
Authors: Lyes Benalycherif, Anthony McIsaac
Venue: Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science (ENTCS) (2009)

Data independence is a useful technique in reasoning about systems. Commonly, if one knows that the qualitative behaviour of a system does not depend on the specific values of data inputs, the proof of facts about its behaviour can be simplified. Such knowledge typically comes from examination of the syntax of the program for the system. Industrial hardware verification flows lead to a requirement for automated proof of data independence without intrusion into the program, where the specification on which the proof is based makes no reference to details of the program language. This paper presents and proves a sufficient condition for data independence, expressed in terms of the behaviour of inputs and outputs of a system, that can be checked in practice by a model checker; and it demonstrates how this condition is used in two design applications.
Illustrated Course Guides: Written Communication - Soft Skills for a Digital Workplace, 1st edition
Authors: Jeff Butterfield
Venue:  (2009)

Give your students a 360 degree education and a career advantage with Illustrated Course Guides: Written Communication - Soft Skills for a Digital Workplace from the Illustrated Series. This text delves into the importance of effective and professional written communication from creating professional documentation to E-mail correspondence. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Operating ratio of the technical systems, subjected to failures
Authors: I. Mikadze, N. Arabyli, Z. Mikadze
Venue: Automation and Remote Control (2009)

The original way of definition of operating ratio in view of reliability of the equipment of the control, time of the control over periodic checks and time of restoration is offered. The received results allow to define the best value of operating ratio of system both in view of, and without taking into account operational expenses.
A Majority Voting Scheme in Wireless Sensor Networks for Detecting Suspicious Node
Authors: Chou Fan, Jin Tan
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Second International Symposium on Electronic Commerce and Security - Volume 02 (2009)

In wireless sensor networks, a majority voting scheme is proposed by us to identify the suspicious node. We take the cluster-head as the counter and see attested node as the voter. The attested information will be collected and counted by the cluster-head. The final voting result that is generated by the majority voting principle decides on the authenticity of suspicious node. Through the theory and the computation deducing, it can be demonstrates that the credible rate of voting scheme can surpass 90% in heterogeneous sensor network. Thus, our voting scheme for detecting suspicious node is more accurate and more reliable. It helps to improve the security of wireless sensor networks.
Application of Information Technology in Teaching English Literature
Authors: Zhao-guo Ding
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Forum on Information Technology and Applications - Volume 03 (2009)

English literature as a traditional core course of English Language and Literature Major in Chinese colleges and universities has been more and more marginalized in recent years. This paper attempts to explore the possibility of changing the marginalized status of English literature course through discussing the application of blackboard platform and blog as two information technologies in the teaching and learning process. Through empirical research, it concludes that as a new application of information technology in education, teaching of English literature course in the context of blackboard platform and blog can inspire a series of reforms in teaching concepts, teaching mode, teaching contents and pedagogy, and revitalize the traditional course of the humanities by motivating the teacher's teaching initiative and student's learning interest and promoting their consciousness and ability of self-reflective teaching and autonomous learning.
Extending Role-Based Access Control for Business Usage
Authors: Heiko Klarl, Korbinian Molitorisz, Christian Emig, Karsten Klinger, Sebastian Abeck
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Third International Conference on Emerging Security Information, Systems and Technologies (2009)

Role-based access control (RBAC) is used for managing authorisation in IT systems, by utilising the concept of roles. Existing approaches do not clearly define the term "role" in its different contexts as well as not considering the relation between roles and business process modelling. Therefore this work introduces business and system role-based access control (B&S-RBAC). Established role-based access control models are extended with a business perspective and the term role is defined from a business and from an IT perspective, resulting in business and system roles. The relation between them is shown in a meta-model and the usage of business roles for secure business process modelling is explained.
The origins of syntax in visually grounded robotic agents
Authors: Luc Steels
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifteenth international joint conference on Artifical intelligence - Volume 2 (1997)

The paper proposes a set of principles and a general architecture that may explain how language and meaning may originate and complexify in a group of physically grounded distributed agents. An experimental setup is introduced for concretising and validating specific mechanisms based on these principles. The setup consists of two robotic heads that watch a scene in which a robot moves around in its ecosystem. The first results from experiments showing the emergence of distinctions, of a lexicon, and of primitive syntactic structures are reported.
Adaptive Motion Pattern Recognition: Implementing Playful Learning through Embodied Interaction
Authors: Anja Hashagen, Christian Zabel, Heidi Schelhowe, Saeed Zare
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Digital Human Modeling: Held as Part of HCI International 2009 (2009)

The concept of embodiment plays an emergent role in Human-Computer-Interaction. Accordingly, we conceptualized, implemented, and evaluated an adaptive motion pattern recognition system for an educational installation called Der Schwarm. We implemented three algorithms and compared correctness and processing speed. Der Schwarm aims to encourage children to learn about technology and interprets free body movements. The motion pattern recognition system fosters embodied playful learning, as an evaluation with children shows.
TTA Lynx
Authors: Nestor Zaburannyy, Bohdan Ostash, Victor Fedorenko
Venue: Bioinformatics (2009)

Motivation: TTA Lynx is a web-based service for finding, assessing and comparing coding sequences that contain TTA codons. This codon is most notable for being a regulatory switch that governs different aspects of the physiology of several GC-rich, Gram-positive bacteria belonging to genus Streptomyces, prolific producers of clinically important natural products. The ever-increasing pace of genome sequencing is creating a huge volume of data that could be utilized to improve our understanding of rare codons in actinomycete biology (and other biological systems.) The service described here is designed to facilitate analysis of TTA-containing genes and to assess the importance of TTA-mediated regulation in an organism of interest. This service and its database of organisms with well-known or hypothetical TTA-based regulation provides an opportunity for the identification of such regulation on a genome-wide scale. Availability: http://ttalynx.bio.lnu.edu.ua Contact: ttas@franko.lviv.ua Supplementary information:Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Computational Differential Privacy
Authors: Ilya Mironov, Omkant Pandey, Omer Reingold, Salil Vadhan
Venue: Proceedings of the 29th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology (2009)

The definition of differential privacy has recently emerged as a leading standard of privacy guarantees for algorithms on statistical databases. We offer several relaxations of the definition which require privacy guarantees to hold only against efficient--i.e., computationally-bounded--adversaries. We establish various relationships among these notions, and in doing so, we observe their close connection with the theory of pseudodense sets by Reingold et al.[1]. We extend the dense model theorem of Reingold et al. to demonstrate equivalence between two definitions (indistinguishability- and simulatability-based) of computational differential privacy.Our computational analogues of differential privacy seem to allow for more accurate constructions than the standard information-theoretic analogues. In particular, in the context of private approximation of the distance between two vectors, we present a differentially-private protocol for computing the approximation, and contrast it with a substantially more accurate protocol that is only computationally differentially private.