ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Context-based term (re)weightingAn experiment on Single-Word Question Answering
Authors: Marco Ernandes, Giovanni Angelini, Marco Gori, Leonardo Rigutini, Franco Scarselli
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on ECAI 2006: 17th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence August 29 -- September 1, 2006, Riva del Garda, Italy (2006)

Term weighting is a crucial task in many Information Retrieval applications. Common approaches are based either on statistical or on natural language analysis. In this paper, we present a new algorithm that capitalizes from the advantages of both the strategies. In the proposed method, the weights are computed by a parametric function, called Context Function, that models the semantic influence exercised amongst the terms. The Context Function is learned by examples, so that its implementation is mostly automatic. The algorithm was successfully tested on a data set of crossword clues, which represent a case of Single-Word Question Answering.
A mathematical analysis of collective cognitive convergence
Authors: H. Van Dyke Parunak
Venue: Proceedings of The 8th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems - Volume 1 (2009)

Multi-agent systems are an attractive approach to modeling systems of interacting entities, but in some cases mathematical models of these systems can offer complementary benefits. We report a case study of how the two modeling methods can profitably engage one another. The system we study [12] is an agent-based simulation of how groups of interacting entities can come to think alike. Though formal analysis of most of the models in that paper is intractable, a mean field analysis can be performed for the simplest case. On the one hand, while the formal analysis captures some of the basic features of that model, other features remain analytically elusive, reinforcing the benefits of agent-based over equation-based modeling. On the other hand, the mathematical analysis draws our attention to certain interesting features of the model that we might not have considered if we had not performed it. Responsible modeling of a domain should include both approaches.
A study of projective complexes
Authors: Edgar E. Enochs
Venue:  (2008)

My focus, is in the study of complexes and in particular projective complexes. This naturally leads to a development of the theory of double complexes in a similar way that module theory leads to a development of complex theory. In this development I classify all productive double complexes. In addition, I use the right derived functor of Hom to characterize exactly when a complex is a member of the class of objects where all terms in the complex are projective. This class is much larger than the class of all projective objects, and gives rise to an area of mathematics called Relative Homological Algebra. Keywords: Complex, Projective, Homologically, Double, Relative
Open Smart Classroom: Extensible and Scalable Learning System in Smart Space Using Web Service Technology
Authors: Yue Suo, Naoki Miyata, Hiroki Morikawa, Toru Ishida, Yuanchun Shi
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering (2009)

Real-time interactive virtual classroom with teleeducation experience is an important approach in distance learning. However, most current systems fail to meet new challenges in extensibility and scalability, which mainly lie with three issues. First, an open system architecture is required to better support the integration of increasing human-computer interfaces and personal mobile devices in the classroom. Second, the learning system should facilitate opening its interfaces, which will help easy deployment that copes with different circumstances and allows other learning systems to talk to each other. Third, problems emerge on binding existing systems of classrooms together in different places or even different countries such as tackling systems intercommunication and distant intercultural learning in different languages. To address these issues, we build a prototype application called Open Smart Classroom built on our software infrastructure based on the multiagent system architecture using Web Service technology in Smart Space. Besides the evaluation of the extensibility and scalability of the system, an experiment connecting two Open Smart Classrooms deployed in different countries is also undertaken, which demonstrates the influence of these new features on the educational effect. Interesting and optimistic results obtained show a significant research prospect for developing future distant learning systems.
Similarity Based Optimization for Multiple Query Processing in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Hui Ling, Taieb Znati
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing in Sensor Systems (2009)

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been proposed for a large variety of applications. As the number of applications of sensor networks continue to grow, the number of users in sensor networks increases as well. Consequently, it is not uncommon that base station often needs to process multiple queries simultaneously. Furthermore, these queries often need to collect data from some particular sets of sensors such as the sensors in a hot spot.To reduce the communication cost of multiple query processing in WSNs, this paper proposes a new optimization technique based on similarities among multiple queries. Given a set of queries, Q, the proposed scheme constructs a set of shared intermediate views (SIVs) from Q. Each SIV identifies a set of shared data among queries in Q. The SIVs, are processed only once, but reused by at least two queries in Q. The queries in Q, are rewritten into a different set of queries, Q ¿. The collected sensor data from Q ¿ and SIVs, are aggregated and returned as the processing results for the original set of queries in Q. The simulation results show that the proposed technique can effectively reduce the communication cost of multiple query processing in WSNs.
Pattern-Based Annotation of HTML-Streams
Authors: Florian Schmedding, Max Schwaibold, Kai Simon
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th European Semantic Web Conference on The Semantic Web: Research and Applications (2009)

Web pages containing RDFa markup facilitate a broad range of new agents that improve their usability for human readers. Unfortunately, there still exist only few web sites featuring such annotations. In this paper, we demonstrate Atheris, a system that annotates structured web pages by means of our web data extraction tool ViPER. Atheris runs inside a web proxy service, making it transparently available. Our approach enables the web browser--the mostly used web agent--to operate intelligently on the displayed page by providing a semantic view over previously 'meaningless' data in order to support human readers.
A comparative study of spatial approaches for urban mapping using hyperspectral ROSIS images over Pavia City, northern Italy
Authors: Xin Huang, Liangpei Zhang
Venue: International Journal of Remote Sensing (2009)

Urban mapping techniques using high spectral and spatial resolution (HSSR) data were investigated. To this aim, this paper proposes a novel mean shift (MS)-based multiscale method, and different spatial approaches are compared, including differential morphological profiles (DMPs), pixel shape index (PSI), the fractal net evolution approach (FNEA), and the proposed MS method. These spatial features were computed based on a dimensionally reduced representation that was obtained using the non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) transform. The support vector machine (SVM) was then used for classification. These algorithms were evaluated using two HSSR datasets that were obtained by using the Reflective Optics System Imaging Spectrometer (ROSIS) sensor over the urban area of Pavia, northern Italy. The results show that the spatial approaches can effectively complement the spectral features for urban mapping, and the proposed MS-based multiscale algorithm can give comparable or even better results than the FNEA, DMPs and other traditional algorithms.
A fuzzy GARCH model applied to stock market scenario using a genetic algorithm
Authors: Jui-Chung Hung
Venue: Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal (2009)

In this paper, we derive a new application of fuzzy systems designed for a generalized autoregression conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) model. In general, stock market performance is time-varying and nonlinear, and exhibits properties of clustering. The latter means simply that certain large changes tend to follow other large changes, and in general small changes tend to follow other small changes. This paper shows results from using the method of functional fuzzy systems to analyze the clustering in the case of a GARCH model. The optimal parameters of the fuzzy membership functions and GARCH model are extracted using a genetic algorithm (GA). The GA method aims to achieve a global optimal solution with a fast convergence rate for this fuzzy GARCH model estimation problem. From the simulation results, we have determined that the performance is significantly improved if the leverage effect of clustering is considered in the GARCH model. The simulations use stock market data from the Taiwan weighted index (Taiwan) and the NASDAQ composite index (NASDAQ) to illustrate the performance of the proposed method.
Deep Semantics of Visual Languages
Authors: Pavel Grigorenko, Enn Tyugu
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on Knowledge-Based Software Engineering: Proceedings of the Seventh Joint Conference on Knowledge-Based Software Engineering (2006)

Visual specification of software is gaining popularity, but its usage is restricted by the lack of precise semantics of visual languages. In the present work, precise semantics of visual languages is defined. Three kinds of deep semantics of schemes are presented as different ways of usage of attribute models of schemes. Attribute models of a wide class of schemes are defined and higher-order attribute models are introduced. Dynamic evaluation of attributes is used in defining semantics of schemes.
Applied Temporal RDF: Efficient Temporal Querying of RDF Data with SPARQL
Authors: Jonas Tappolet, Abraham Bernstein
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th European Semantic Web Conference on The Semantic Web: Research and Applications (2009)

Many applications operate on time-"sensitive" data. Some of these data are only valid for certain intervals (e.g., job-assignments, versions of software code), others describe temporal events that happened at certain points in time (e.g., a person's birthday). Until recently, the only way to incorporate time into Semantic Web models was as a data type property. Temporal RDF, however, considers time as an additional dimension in data preserving the semantics of time.In this paper we present a syntax and storage format based on named graphs to express temporal RDF. Given the restriction to preexisting RDF-syntax, our approach can perform any temporal query using standard SPARQL syntax only. For convenience, we introduce a shorthand format called ¿-SPARQL for temporal queries and show how ¿-SPARQL queries can be translated to standard SPARQL. Additionally, we show that, depending on the underlying data's nature, the temporal RDF approach vastly reduces the number of triples by eliminating redundancies resulting in an increased performance for processing and querying. Last but not least, we introduce a new indexing approach method that can significantly reduce the time needed to execute time point queries (e.g., what happened on January 1st).
From Streaming B-Trees to Tokutek: How a Theoretician Learned to be VP of Engineering
Authors: Michael A. Bender
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Experimental Algorithms (2009)

I present the cache-oblivious streaming B-tree, a high performance alternative to the traditional B-tree. Modern databases and file systems are based on B-trees. As a result, they can exhibit performance cliffs and unpredictable run times. Replacing B-trees with cache-oblivious streaming B-trees can remove some of these performance deficiencies.I explain some of the technical issues that we needed to address to turn the streaming B-tree prototype into an industrial-strength product. Then I explain how legacy and established practice influenced our engineering decisions.
Password Input Method Using Icons for Primary School Children
Authors: Takahiko Mendori, Natsuko Ikenoue, Akihiro Shimizu
Venue: Proceeding of the 2005 conference on Towards Sustainable and Scalable Educational Innovations Informed by the Learning Sciences: Sharing Good Practices of Research, Experimentation and Innovation (2005)

Nowadays, Japanese children in primary schools are using computers that aren't designed specifically for them, so their current environment isn't appropriate for their initial use of computers. The same is true for start up authentication systems. That is, since under the current system users have to input their names and passwords of alphanumeric characters from a keyboard to obtain certification, the system appears too difficult for Japanese primary school children who haven't yet learned the Roman alphabet. Therefore, in this study, a new password input interface was designed using icons with symbols familiar to primary school children, and then the system was evaluated by varying parameters such as numbers of icons and icon selection time and frequency. As a result, this study proposes a new password input interface suitable for primary school children.
A Model of Digital Contents Access Control System Using Steganographic Information Hiding Scheme
Authors: Eiji Kawaguchi, Michiro Maeta, Hideki Noda, Koichi Nozaki
Venue: Proceeding of the 2007 conference on Information Modelling and Knowledge Bases XVIII (2007)

In the present paper we propose a model for a steganography-based digital contents access control system. It is suited for digital content creators who store their digital works in their computers and want to distribute them over the Internet where they make a complete local access control to their works. We have developed a prototype system for Windows and tested its basic performance. It worked well from a technical point of view. The novel point is that the creators don't need to send their works to the content users. They only send keys to extract the digital works out of the image data that the users have downloaded from the creator's home page. We are convinced that this model will serve as a new content distribution scheme for content creators in the Internet age for today and tomorrow.
Regional Policy DSS: Result Indicators Definition Problems
Authors: Maryse Salles
Venue: Proceeding of the 2008 conference on Collaborative Decision Making: Perspectives and Challenges (2008)

This paper addresses the issue of public decision support in regional economic development, being more particularly concerned with result indicators definition. The decisions taken within such a framework necessarily are cooperative in nature and involve various players, even though the culture of decision-making and cooperation is almost nonexistent in the regional governments. In this context, the definition of result indicators requires the reformulation of generally vague and non-quantified objectives. The conception of decision support systems therefore calls for prior considerable work on the decision system itself. The first part of this paper gives a general survey of regional economic policy definition. The second part focuses on the knowledge that may be identified in the texts of the Midi-Pyrenees Regional Council. The analysis is carried out on the basis of a three-level grid (representations, models, norms). The third and last part proposes an ontology co-building approach on regional development, illustrated by examples from the CAVALA project. The ontologies presented respect the heterogeneity of the various players' views of the world. They facilitate the players' awareness of the different views of the world at stake and help explain the concepts they use.
Determinants of SMEs' perceptions of electronic banking in Pakistan
Authors: Ahmad Kaleem, Saima Ahmad
Venue: International Journal of Electronic Finance (2009)

This study aims to collect the perceptions of Small- and Medium-sized Enterprise (SME) owners&#47;executives&#47;managers on the potential benefits and risks associated with Electronic Banking (EB) in Pakistan. The SMEs were selected from the yellow pages and every hundredth company was targeted randomly. Data were collected through primary sources and examined via frequency analysis and mean score analysis. The results indicate that the SMEs perceive EB as a tool to save time, facilitate quick responses and minimise the risk of carrying cash. The firms' most desired EB facilities are the payment of utility bills, submission of complaints and downloading of daily account reports. The SMEs also consider that EB increases the chances of government access to public data, fraud and data losses. The outcomes help bankers understand the concerns and demands of SMEs which not only represent a viable market segment in terms of the number and value of accounts, but also provide a considerable amount of retail profits.
ShowMe the World: Learning with Global Peers
Authors: John Wedman, Laura Diggs
Venue: Proceeding of the 2005 conference on Towards Sustainable and Scalable Educational Innovations Informed by the Learning Sciences: Sharing Good Practices of Research, Experimentation and Innovation (2005)

ShowMe The World, the global education project implemented by the University of Missouri-Columbia's College of Education (MU CoE), has created a global learning community using advanced technologies to develop and foster school/community relationships, promote cross-cultural learning and experience, and facilitate curricular change. Access to the Internet allows partner school participants to communicate through videoconferencing, digital resource exchange, and e-mail. This paper describes the project, and how it has fostered global partnerships.
Generalised diagram revision tools with automatic marking
Authors: Pete Thomas, Kevin Waugh, Neil Smith
Venue: Proceedings of the 14th annual ACM SIGCSE conference on Innovation and technology in computer science education (2009)

In this paper, we describe an approach to the generalisation of tools for teaching and learning the skills associated with modelling with diagrams. We have implemented two revision tools that automatically mark and provide feedback on students' attempts at constructing diagrammatic models of given scenarios in different domains. The similarities between these tools and diagrams in other domains suggest that it might be possible to generalise both the marking algorithm and the drawing editor in such a way that new revision tools could be easily generated for new domains. This paper briefly describes the existing revision tools and our approach to automatic marking of diagrams, and discusses how we are approaching the generalisation of our work for application in other domains.
Lumen Border Detection of Intravascular Ultrasound via Denoising of Directional Wavelet Representations
Authors: Amin Katouzian, Elsa Angelini, Auranuch Lorsakul, Bernhard Sturm, Andrew F. Laine
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Functional Imaging and Modeling of the Heart (2009)

In this paper, intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) grayscale images, acquired with a single-element mechanically rotating transducer, are processed with wavelet denoising and region-based segmentation to extract various layers of lumen contours and plaques. First, IVUS volumetric data is expanded on complex exponential multi-resolution basis functions, also known as Brushlets, which are well localized in the time and frequency domains. Brushlet denoising has previously demonstrated a great aptitude for denoising ultrasound data and removal of blood speckle. A region-based segmentation framework is then applied for detection of lumen border layers, which remains a challenging problem in IVUS image analysis for images acquired with a single element, mechanically rotating 45 MHz transducer. We evaluated a hard thresholding operator for Brushlet denoising, and compared segmentation results to manually traced lumen borders. We observed good agreement and suggest that the proposed algorithm has a potential to be used as a reliable pre-processing step for accurate lumen border detection.
Gender Differences in Taiwan University Students' Attitudes toward the Web-based Learning
Authors: Ru-Si Chen, Chin-Chung Tsai
Venue: Proceeding of the 2005 conference on Towards Sustainable and Scalable Educational Innovations Informed by the Learning Sciences: Sharing Good Practices of Research, Experimentation and Innovation (2005)

This paper explored gender differences on university students' attitudes toward the web-based learning in Taiwan. Researchers used an on-line questionnaire to survey students' attitudes about the web-based learning. The initial responses in this study consisted of 1166 Taiwanese university students (580 males and 586 females), whose ages ranged from 18 to 23. The statistical results showed significant gender differences in the aspects of access, use, pedagogy, community relationship involved in web-based learning. Some follow-up interviews were also conducted with selected students. It was found that students' questionnaire responses were highly consistent with the qualitative data derived from the follow-up interviews.
Small and lightweight tactile display(SaLT) and its application
Authors: Seung-Chan Kim, Chong-Hui Kim, Gi-Hun Yang, Tae-Heon Yang, Byung-Kil Han, Sung-Chul Kang, Dong-Soo Kwon
Venue: Proceedings of the World Haptics 2009 - Third Joint EuroHaptics conference and Symposium on Haptic Interfaces for Virtual Environment and Teleoperator Systems (2009)

This paper presents a small and lightweight tactile display system and describes its capabilities with respect to spatial and temporal tactile feedback. Each tactile display module is comprised of a 4times4 piezoelectric ultrasonic actuator array with a spatial resolution of 1.5 mm and a temporal resolution of 20 Hz. The objective of this research is to build a small and lightweight tactile display system such that the system, including the display modules and complete controller parts, will be wearable by a user. It was found that the developed tactile display module can display both spatial and temporal information with less power consumption.
Knowledge Entry Maps: structuring of method knowledge in the IT industry
Authors: Remko Helms, Sjaak Brinkkemper, Job van Oosterum, Frank de Nijs
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on Information Modelling and Knowledge Bases XVII (2006)

For professionals in the IT industry it is important to have easy access to knowledge about the day-to-day business processes. Such knowledge, which is called method knowledge, can be made easy accessible through a knowledge repository system. One factor that determines the accessibility of method knowledge in such a repository is the way in which this knowledge is structured and made accessible. This paper presents a meta-modeling technique for modeling knowledge structures. The technique is called Knowledge Entry Map and supports the design of knowledge repository systems based on topic maps. To validate the technique it has been applied in two case studies in the professional IT industry, a software developer and a service provider. The case studies demonstrate the applicability of the meta-modeling technique for capturing the structure of method knowledge in IT organizations. Moreover, the case studies provided the idea of a generic method knowledge structure for project-oriented and product-oriented IT organizations.