ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
An Efficient Mechanism for Video Streaming over Wide-Area Networks
Authors: Junli Yuan, Qibin Sun
Venue: Proceedings of the Eighth IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia (2006)

Streaming variable-bit-rate video over wide-area networks has many challenging problems due to the great variation of network conditions. In this paper, we focus on the problem of the efficient utilization of the precious network bandwidth in such streaming systems. We propose a novel piggyback prefetching mechanism to improve the bandwidth utilization. We achieve this goal by making use of the unoccupied bandwidth in ongoing streams to deliver some prefetched data and use them to serve future requests. This idea can be applied in various different ways to improve bandwidth utilization. Experimental results show that our mechanism not only can improve bandwidth utilization significantly, but also it can improve the caching performance of the proxy servers in the streaming systems.
A New Scheme for the Electronic Coin
Authors: Chao-Wen Chan, Chin-Chen Chang
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on e-Business Engineering (2006)

In this paper, we analyze the notion of ownership of electronic money. We observe that a payment is the transfer of ownership of money where a payer's ownership of cash is transferred to a payee. We then propose a digitalized ownership transfer scheme suited for the process of coin transferral. Based on the these ideas, we present a new scheme for the electronic coin. Our scheme models the payment system of the physical coin.
Scratching the surface
Authors: Laurie Rowell
Venue: netWorker (2006)

Prototypes of hand-controlled, projected-image "surface computing" systems constitute a complete re-imagining of the personal computer
Metalanguage among families in a marine science museum
Authors: Carol B. Brandt, Doris Ash
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Learning sciences (2006)

Metalanguage, talking about talk or talk about text, is a heightened awareness of language, and how language functions in a socio-cultural setting. Using video and audio data from 20 Spanish-speaking families in a marine science center in north-central California, we describe our system for identifying metalanguage in dialogue as families visit the science museum. Our goal is to understand ways in which metalinguistic practice contributes to meaning making around biological concepts.
Accounting for user familiarity in user interfaces
Authors: Christiaan A. D'H Gough, Richard Green, Mark Billinghurst
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th ACM SIGCHI New Zealand chapter's international conference on Computer-human interaction: design centered HCI (2006)

Previous work discussed a model of cognitive distance with the novel concepts of "tech bias", "velocity" and "inertia". This paper presents a revised version of the model of human factors involved, and describes a pilot study that suggests the model presented allows for a very high degree of confidence in predicting the effect a user's familiarity with a problem domain and specific implementation will have on their perception of the directness of the user interface.
Tuning of fractional PID controllers with Ziegler-Nichols-type rules
Authors: Duarte Valério, José Sá da Costa
Venue: Signal Processing (2006)

In this paper two sets of tuning rules for fractional PIDs are presented. These rules are quadratic and require the same plant time-response data used by the first Ziegler-Nichols tuning rule for (usual, integer) PIDs. Hence no model for the plant to control is needed--only an S-shaped step response is. Even if a model is known rules quickly provide a starting point for fine tuning. Results compare well with those obtained with rule-tuned integer PIDs.
Seminal: searching for ML type-error messages
Authors: Benjamin Lerner, Dan Grossman, Craig Chambers
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 workshop on ML (2006)

We present a new way to generate type-error messages in a polymorphic, implicitly, and strongly typed language (specifically Caml). Our method separates error-message generation from type-checking by taking a fundamentally new approach: we present to programmers small term-level modifications that cause an ill-typed program to become well-typed. This approach aims to improve feedback to programmers with no change to the underlying type-checker nor the compilation of well-typed programs.We have added a prototype implementation of our approach to the Objective Caml system by intercepting type-checker error messages and using the type-checker on candidate changes to see if they succeed. This novel front-end architecture naturally decomposes into (1) enumerating local changes to the abstract syntax tree that may remove type errors, (2) searching for places to try the changes, (3) using the type-checker to evaluate the changes, and (4) ranking the changes and presenting them to the user.
The Arts and Humanities e-Science Initiative in the UK
Authors: Tobias Blanke, Stuart Dunn
Venue: Proceedings of the Second IEEE International Conference on e-Science and Grid Computing (2006)

This paper presents the approaches within the Arts and Humanities e-Science Initiative in the UK. It describes some of its early activities, and sketches out how virtual organizations can transform the way in which researchers in these disciplines can collaborate in the use of digital material. The paper is an attempt to position the specific research needs of arts and humanities within the e-Science framework and to show how the early arts and humanities e- Science programme is approaching a mapping of e-Science methods and tools on to arts and humanities.
Signal Propagation on Three Phases Power Distribution Lines as Communications Channels for Intelligent Systems
Authors: Mingyue Zhai, Qing-An Zeng
Venue: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Innovative Computing, Information and Control - Volume 2 (2006)

Powerline can be used as a propagation channel to transfer the information of some communication systems. In order to employ all three-phase powerlines, a novel communication channel model is proposed in this paper. One of the advantages of the proposed model is that both source inner admittance and load admittance matrices are considered and this can use the proposed model to simulate a practical powerline network. Based on the multiconductor transmission lines theory, a complete solution of the voltages and currents on all three-phase powerlines is derived in detailed. The communication signal strength of powerline networks can be predicted. The comparison between theoretical results and measurements is obtained and a good agreement between the analytical model results and measurements is presented, which means the proposed channel model and the derived formula are correct.
Using Patterns in Reengineering Processes for Mobile Learning User Interfaces
Authors: Ana Isabel Molina, Miguel Angel Redondo, Manuel Ortega
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (2006)

In the last years there has been a high production of groupware systems. However, most of these systems have been based on the desktop metaphor. We propose a translation process based on the use of the conceptual model (or, particularly, on the task model and the data model) of the original application. From this model and by means of a pattern-based reengineering process, we obtain mobile versions of the original systems. In this paper the user interface reengineering process is described and an example of the application of patterns for the evolution of a specific system, Domosim-TPC, is shown.
Codes, unambiguous automata and sofic systems
Authors: Marie-Pierre Béal, Dominique Perrin
Venue: Theoretical Computer Science (2006)

We study the relationship between codes and unambiguous automata inside a sofic system. We show that a recognizable set is a code in a sofic system if and only if a particular automaton associated to the set and the shift is unambiguous. We discuss an example of a finite complete code in a sofic system in connection with the factorization conjecture.
Throughput fairness in k-ary n-cube networks
Authors: Cruz Izu
Venue: Proceedings of the 29th Australasian Computer Science Conference - Volume 48 (2006)

The performance of an interconnection network is measured by two metrics: average latency and peak network throughput. Network throughput is the total number of packets delivered per unit of time.Most synthetic network loads consist of sources injecting at the same given rate, using traffic patterns such as random, permutations or hot spot, which reflect the distribution of packet destinations in many parallel applications. The network is assumed to be fair: all source nodes are able to inject at the same rate. This work will show such assumption is unfounded for most router proposals. All router designs exhibited significant network unfairness under non-uniform loads. Some routers are also unfair under random traffic patterns. At loads above saturation, if the channel utilization is uneven, the injection matrix will become uneven: packet at low used areas will be accepted at a higher rate that those at the busy areas.As synthetic traffic does not reflect the coupled nature of the traffic generated by parallel applications, the impact of this unfairness on application performance could not be measured. New synthetic loads need to be developed to better evaluate network response beyond saturation.
Validation and verification of simulation models
Authors: Robert G. Sargent
Venue: Proceedings of the 36th conference on Winter simulation (2004)

In this paper we discuss validation and verfication of simulation models. Four different approaches to deciding model validity are described; two different paradigms that relate validation and verification to the model development process are presented; various validation techniques are defined; conceptual model validity, model verification, operational validity, and data validity are discussed; a way to document results is given; a recommended procedure for model validation is presented; and accreditation is briefly discussed.
The distribution of resources and expertise and the implementation of schoolwide reform initiatives
Authors: William R. Penuel, Kenneth A. Frank, Ann Krause
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Learning sciences (2006)

Using a sample of 499 teachers from 23 schools engaged in locally-designed schoolwide reform initiatives, we analyzed how well access to expertise predicted the influence of reforms on teachers' practice. We relied on longitudinal data obtained from two surveys of teachers' social networks and self-reported effects of their school's initiative on their practice. Among resources analyzed, we found that access to materials and time for collaboration per se were not predictive of teacher change, but reported access to mentors and coaches was. We also found that when teachers received help from colleagues who had already been implementing their school's initiative, they were significantly more likely to change their practice. Taken together, these two findings suggest that interactions with colleagues function as continually changing resources that help individuals interpret and apply the demands of initiatives for their own practice, helping reduce variability in reform implementation.
Business Metadata for the DataWarehouse
Authors: Veronika Stefanov, Beate List
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th IEEE on International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference Workshops (2006)

Enterprise organizations use Data Warehouses (DWHs) analyze their performance. Performance is judged regarding the achievement of goals. DWH data models are well established. There exist numerous domain-specific modeling approaches. Enterprises also often model their goals in terms of formal or semiformal goal models. The problem is that these two aspects - the Data Warehouse and the Enterprise Goals - are described separately and not related to each other. We identify a need for combining these two aspects. If their relationship is made explicit, it can be used to enhance the way users access and interpret data in the DWH. To address this limitation, in this paper we introduce a weaving model between enterprise goals and DWH data. Thus we present a domain-specific application of model weaving to an aspect of enterprise computing. We describe metamodels for both aspects as well as the weaving links between them, which allows to show the aspects separately but also in combination. We furthermore illustrate how to use the weaving links to create business metadata. Business metadata can be used in the DWH to describe the business context and implications of the data to the users, but is usually not available in today's DWHs. We apply our approach to a sample situation, which is used as a running example in the paper.
Using WS-BPEL to Implement Software Fault Tolerance for Web Services
Authors: Glen Dobson
Venue: Proceedings of the 32nd EUROMICRO Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications (2006)

One area of the web services architecture yet to be standardised is that of fault tolerance for services. At the same time, WS-BPEL is moving from a de facto standard to an OASIS ratified standard for combining services into processes. This paper investigates the feasibility of using WS-BPEL as an implementation technique for fault tolerant web services. The mapping of various fault tolerance patterns to WS-BPEL is presented. A prototype tool for combining service interfaces into a single façade and configuring fault tolerant mechanisms on a per-operation basis is also discussed. It is found that most fault tolerance patterns readily map onto WS-BPEL concepts, particularly when using the upcoming 2.0 version of the language. Evaluating and minimising the performance overheads involved in process execution is identified as a key future direction, as is working on the functionality and usability of the configuration tool.
Goal Oriented Requirement Engineering: A Critical Study of Techniques
Authors: Shahzad Anwer, Naveed Ikram
Venue: Proceedings of the XIII Asia Pacific Software Engineering Conference (2006)

The term "Goal" is increasingly being used in Requirement Engineering. Goal-Oriented requirement engineering (GORE) provides an incremental approach for elicitation, analysis, elaboration & refinement, specification and modeling of requirements. Various Goal Oriented Requirement Engineering (GORE) methods exist for these requirement engineering processes like KAOS, GBRAM etc. GORE techniques are based on certain underlying concepts and principles. This paper presents and synthesizes the underlying concepts of GORE with respect to coverage of requirement engineering activities. The advantages of GORE claimed in the literature are presented. This paper evaluates GORE techniques on the basis of concepts, process and claimed advantages.
A Symbolic Computational Method for Dynamic Simulation of Multibody Systems
Authors: V. Filip, A. Neagu
Venue: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Innovative Computing, Information and Control - Volume 1 (2006)

This paper proposes a computational method for solving the dynamic equations of motion of manipulator-robots, using the integration methods. The proposed algorithm is conceived using Mathematica software, which allows the integration of differential system equations by his functions, assuring in this way the result correctness and a high computational speed. The software may be used for the 2-D or 3-D robotsmanipulators, which contain an open kinematics chain with rotation and translation joints. The software allows also for the calculation of the timevariation curves of the degrees of freedom, having as initial data the values of joints generalized forces, the mass and inertia of the robot links, the inertia of the actuators and the initial conditions for joints coordinates and speeds
An anti-diffusive scheme for viability problems
Authors: O. Bokanowski, S. Martin, R. Munos, H. Zidani
Venue: Applied Numerical Mathematics (2006)

This paper is concerned with the numerical approximation of viability kernels. The method described here provides an alternative approach to the usual viability algorithm. We first consider a characterization of the viability kernel as the value function of a related optimal control problem, and then use a specially relevant numerical scheme for its approximation. Since this value function is discontinuous, usual discretization schemes (such as finite differences) would provide a poor approximation quality because of numerical diffusion. Hence, we investigate the Ultra-Bee scheme, particularly interesting here for its anti-diffusive property in the transport of discontinuous functions. Although currently there is no available convergence proof for this scheme, we observed that numerically, the experiments done on several benchmark problems for computing viability kernels and capture basins are very encouraging compared to the viability algorithm, which fully illustrates the relevance of this scheme for numerical approximation of viability problems.
Reusable Tools for Metadata Management - Pie in the Sky?
Authors: Sergey Melnik
Venue: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management (2006)

Advances in information technology contributed powerful tools for the development of scientific applications. Today scientists routinely exploit data mining and analysis tools, visualization tools, and increasingly leverage database and workflow management systems. Some of these tools run out-of-the-box, others require customization. But when it comes to metadata management, there is very little reusable technology that scientists can draw upon. Manipulating metadata, such as database schemas, taxonomies, interface definitions, and mappings between them, requires tedious object-at-a-time programming and in-depth database expertise. This problem is symptomatic across other data-intensive domains, including enterprise information management, healthcare, and financial applications.
A computer simulation model of container movement by sea
Authors: Johan J. van Rensburg, Yi He, Anton J. Kleywegt
Venue: Proceedings of the 37th conference on Winter simulation (2005)

We describe a computer simulation model of ocean container carrier operations. The simulation is called SimSea and was developed through collaboration between the CSIR, a research organisation in South Africa, and the Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech). SimSea simulates the transport of containers by container vessels. Containers are transported from container depots to customers. The customers load the containers, and thereafter the containers are transported to the ports. At the ports the containers are loaded onto and offloaded from vessels, and the vessels transport the containers between ports according to the vessels' schedules. Containers are transported from the ports to receiving customers who unload the containers, and from there the empty containers are transported to container depots. Empty containers are also transported between container depots to compensate for imbalances in the flow of loaded containers.
A functional neural network computing some eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a special real matrix
Authors: Yiguang Liu, Zhisheng You, Liping Cao
Venue: Neural Networks (2005)

How to quickly compute eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a matrix, especially, a general real matrix, is significant in engineering. Since neural network runs in asynchronous and concurrent manner, and can achieve high rapidity, this paper designs a concise functional neural network (FNN) to extract some eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a special real matrix. After equivalent transforming the FNN into a complex differential equation and obtaining the analytic solution, the convergence properties of the FNN are analyzed. If the eigenvalue whose imaginary part is nonzero and the largest of all eigenvalues is unique, the FNN will converge to the eigenvector corresponding to this special eigenvalue with general nonzero initial vector. If all eigenvalues are real numbers or there are more than one eigenvalue whose imaginary part equals the largest, the FNN will converge to zero point or fall into a cycle procedure. Comparing with other neural networks designed for the same domain, the restriction to matrix is very slack. At last, three examples are employed to illustrate the performance of the FNN.
A Particle Swarm Algorithm for Multiobjective Design Optimization
Authors: Eric Ochlak, Babak Forouraghi
Venue: Proceedings of the 18th IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence (2006)

Many engineering design problems are characterized by presence of several conflicting objectives. This requires efficient search of the feasible design region for optimal solutions which simultaneously satisfy multiple design objectives. The search is further complicated in view of the fact that because of inherent manufacturing variations it is often necessary to allocate tolerances to design variables while guaranteeing low variances for product/process performance measures. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is a powerful search technique with faster convergence rates than traditional evolutionary algorithms. This paper introduces a new PSO-based approach to multiobjective engineering design by incorporating the central qualitycontrol notion of tolerance design Unlike classical optimization techniques which rely on single-point representation of designs, the modified PSO algorithm allocates tolerances to design variables and flies a swarm of hypercubic particles through the feasible space. To demonstrate the utility of the proposed method, the multiobjective design of an I-beam will be presented.
Evolutionary Optimization of Forging Anvils Using Grid Based on Alchemi Framework
Authors: Waclaw Kus
Venue: Proceedings of the Second IEEE International Conference on e-Science and Grid Computing (2006)

The paper presents application of parallel evolutionary algorithm to the optimization of the anvils in two-stage forging. The grid based on Alchemi framework is used during computations. The numerical example with speedup measurements is presented.
Cross-layer assisted reliability design for wireless multimedia broadcast
Authors: Hrvoje Jenkač, Thomas Stockhammer, Wen Xu
Venue: Signal Processing (2006)

In this paper, different error protection strategies in different protocol layers are discussed, in order to reliably broadcast multimedia data within existing wireless networks. In particular, we investigate the performance of additional forward error correction (FEC) in the physical layer, the radio link control (RLC) layer, and the RTP layer for multimedia broadcast and multicast services over GERAN systems. Advantages and drawbacks when applying error correction in different layers are shown. We introduce a simple receiver modification, referred to as permeable-layer receiver (PLR), which exploits traditionally useless information at the receiver, while the transmitter is kept unchanged. Significant performance gains are reported. Finally, the application to H.264/AVC based wireless video broadcast is discussed and the performance of different system designs for video transmission is shown.