ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Structure in the Enron Email Dataset
Authors: P. S. Keila, D. B. Skillicorn
Venue: Computational Mathematical Organization Theory (2005)

We investigate the structures present in the Enron email dataset using singular value decomposition and semidiscrete decomposition. Using word frequency profiles, we show that messages fall into two distinct groups, whose extrema are characterized by short messages and rare words versus long messages and common words. It is surprising that length of message and word use pattern should be related in this way. We also investigate relationships among individuals based on their patterns of word use in email. We show that word use is correlated to function within the organization, as expected. Lastly, we show that relative changes to individuals' word usage over time can be used to identify key players in major company events.
Quality Driven Web Services Selection
Authors: Jianqiang Hu, Changguo Guo, Huaimin Wang, Peng Zou
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on e-Business Engineering (2005)

The process-driven composition of Web services is emerging as a promising approach to the integration of business applications within and across organizational boundaries. To support rapid and dynamic composition of services, Web services that meet users' functional requirements must be able to be located and bounded dynamically from a large and constantly changing number of service providers based on their Quality of Service (Qos). In order to enable quality-driven Web service selection, it is necessary to make a rational and effective decision among a number of similar Web services based on Qos criteria and users' preference. In this paper, it presents a decision model of Qos criteria called DQos for evaluating Web services, which consists of an extensible Qos model, decision modes and constraints. On basis of systematic studying Qos criteria of Web service, service selection is formulated as Multiple Attribute Decision Making (MADM) problem which can be solved by using subjective weight mode, single weight mode, objective weight mode and subjectiveobjective weight mode. At last, DQos model is proved to be feasible and effective by simulation experiments.
Data Dependent Jitter (DDJ) Characterization Methodology
Authors: Kyung Ki Kim, Yong-Bin Kim, Fabrizio Lombardi
Venue: Proceedings of the 20th IEEE International Symposium on Defect and Fault Tolerance in VLSI Systems (2005)

A new jitter model is developed using Matlab and Spice to analyze Data Dependent Jitter (DDJ) in serial data integrated circuits. The simulation results show that DDJ is dependent on the data pattern, data rate, and data slew as well as frequency bandwidth, impedance mismatch, and loss of the data path of integrated circuits. This paper presents the effect of the DDJ on other jitter subcomponents, which is essential to analysis and characterization of DDJ.
Ink Normalization and Beautification
Authors: Patrice Y. Simard, Dave Steinkraus, Maneesh Agrawala
Venue: Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (2005)

Handwriting recognition is difficult because of the high variability of handwriting and because of segmentation errors. We propose an approach that reduces this variability without requiring letter segmentation. We build an ink extrema classifier which labels local minima of ink as {bottom, baseline, other} and maxima as {midline, top, other}. Despite the high variability of ink, the classifier is 86% accurate (with 0% rejection). We use the classifier information to normalize the ink. This is done by applying a "rubber sheet" warping followed by a "rubber rod" warping. Both warpings are computed using conjugate gradient methods. We display the normalization results on a few examples. This paper illustrates the pitfalls of ink normalization and "beautification", when solved independently of letter recognition.
Psychologically-based vision and attention for the simulation of human behaviour
Authors: Stephen J. Rymill, Neil A. Dodgson
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques in Australasia and South East Asia (2005)

We describe a system designed to improve the simulation of human crowd behaviour by considering the visual perception and attention of each individual in the crowd. All of our techniques are based on psychology research; the ways this has been used are explained in detail. Our system runs in real-time, allowing quick experimentation with different ideas. The attention shifts for each actor, along with the associated gaze shifts, are controlled by a set of communicating agents. The agents can make requests for shifts of gaze and a gaze control agent sorts these according to priority. In our system each actor builds its own mental model of the world, based on its monitoring of other actors in the crowd. We argue that because we are using only the limited information from this mental model to decide the actor's behaviour, our simulation produces more realistic behaviour than previous work.
Learning as search optimization: approximate large margin methods for structured prediction
Authors: Hal Daumé,  III, Daniel Marcu
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd international conference on Machine learning (2005)

Mappings to structured output spaces (strings, trees, partitions, etc.) are typically learned using extensions of classification algorithms to simple graphical structures (eg., linear chains) in which search and parameter estimation can be performed exactly. Unfortunately, in many complex problems, it is rare that exact search or parameter estimation is tractable. Instead of learning exact models and searching via heuristic means, we embrace this difficulty and treat the structured output problem in terms of approximate search. We present a framework for learning as search optimization, and two parameter updates with convergence the-orems and bounds. Empirical evidence shows that our integrated approach to learning and decoding can outperform exact models at smaller computational cost.
Data categorization for a context return applied to logical document structure recognition
Authors: Yves Rangoni, Abdel Belayd
Venue: Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (2005)

The purpose of this work is to develop a pattern recognition system simulating the human vision. A transparent neural network, with context returns is used. The context returns consist in using global vision to correct local vision (i.e. input data are corrected according to neural network outputs). In order not to compute all the input features during these context returns, a filter-based method was designed to organize the features in clusters. This allows finding a good subset of input features during each cycle, which reduce the computations. The method interest is shown in the case of logical document structure retrieval.
Object Oriented Verification Kernels for Secure Java Applications
Authors: Holger Grandy, Kurt Stenzel, Wolfgang Reif
Venue: Proceedings of the Third IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering and Formal Methods (2005)

This paper presents an approach to the verification of large Java programs. The focus lies on programs that implement a distributed communicating system e.g. in a Mor E-Commerce scenario. When trying to verify such programs, thousands of Java classes with tens of thousands of lines of code would have to be taken into consideration. That is impossible. The paper introduces a technique that dramatically reduces the amount of source code that must be considered. Additionally, a suitable method for programming security critical systems is introduced. The reduction is achieved by extracting a verification kernel from the program, which is sufficient for proving the correctness of the relevant part. An algorithm for the automatic computation of the verification kernel has been developed and is presented in the paper. The correctness of the verification kernel approach is proved on the level of the Java language semantics.
Context aware sensornet
Authors: Qin Huaifeng, Zhou Xingshe
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd international workshop on Middleware for pervasive and ad-hoc computing (2005)

Advances in MEMS technology, wireless communications, and digital electronics have enabled the development of low-cost, low-power, multifunctional sensor nodes that integrating the ability of sensing, computing, and communication. The low per node cost will enable the development of densely distributed sensornet for a wide range of applications. Sensornet is usually deployed in remote and hostile area without human care. To achieve scalable, robust and long-lived goal, sensornet itself should execute adaptive adjustment and burn energy economically. In this paper we present the idea of context aware sensornet (CASN). Be context aware, sensor nodes are expected to use contexts available and adjust their behaviors correspondingly. Also, cooperative sensor nodes are expected to use context to promote their collaboration. The paper presents the motivation and research challenge of building CASN. It also briefly discusses the implementation issues of CASN middleware.
La localisation en int&eacute;rieur &agrave; l'aide de r&eacute;p&eacute;teurs GPS vers un syst&egrave;me de positionnement universel?
Authors: Nel Samama, Alexandre Vervisch-Picois, Marc François
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd French-speaking conference on Mobility and ubiquity computing (2005)

The need for indoor positioning is obviously increasing with the emergence of navigation applications [1]. Many techniques are available or under development, but are very often specific to indoors. Currently, there is no technique that is applicable outdoors as well as indoors with good enough accuracy, and this is the point we are giving a solution to. The mobile network communication approach (GSM or UMTS with E-OTD and O-TDOA) does not provide as good accuracy as one would like: the typical requirement is between one meter and some tens of meters, depending on the application. Specific techniques for indoor positioning (Ultrasound, Bluetooth, UWB, etc.) achieve much better accuracy values, but are limited to indoor environments.Current works on indoor satellite-based positioning are addressing Assisted-GPS or pseudo-satellites (pseudolites) [2], [3], [4]. Our technique is different, since it uses GPS repeaters that transmit outdoor signals to indoors [5]. The main advantages of the repeater solutions are the simplicity of the repeaters' hardware and the need for only "software" upgrades for the GPS receivers, both allowing cost effectiveness and cheap deployment.
Privacy. An Intercultural Perspective
Authors: Rafael Capurro
Venue: Ethics and Information Technology (2005)

This paper deals with intercultural aspects of privacy, particularly with regard to differences between Japanese and Western conceptions. It starts with a reconstruction of the genealogy of Western subjectivity and human dignity as the basic assumptions underlying Western views on privacy. An analysis of the Western concept of informational privacy is presented. The Japanese topic of ``denial of self" (Musi) as well as the concepts of Seken, Shakai and Ikai (as analyzed by the authors of the companion piece on privacy in Japan) give rise to intercultural comparisons. The paper addresses the question of privacy in cyberspace and mass media. Finally the question of freedom of speech is related to the Japanese concepts of Ohyake and Watakusi.
Standardized expression of rate-state relations
Authors: P. R. Benyon
Venue: ACM SIGSIM Simulation Digest (1984)

It is unlikely that the Workshop will get far towards drawing up detailed standards in only two days, so priorities need to be considered. I believe first priority should be given to the parts of the language(s) concerned with defining the model and second priority to the parts concerned with running it, although these parts too are important.
Dynamic Programming QoS-based Classification for Links with Limited Service Levels
Authors: Amr Mohamed, Hussein Alnuweiri
Venue: Proceedings of the The IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks 30th Anniversary (2005)

We investigate the QoS-based classification of traffic streams for a multi-class link model with predetermined service levels. Specifically, we consider a link model with fixed service levels or fixed class weights which may be represented by a finite number of MPLS Label-Switched-Paths (LSPs). Our target is to classify a set of traffic streams each with arbitrary local QoS-demand into a small number of service levels while optimizing the residual-allocatedresources as a result of the traffic classification. The residual-allocated-resources will be measured by the service-quantization-overhead which is the summation of the differences between the required QoS and the offered service level for all traffic streams. We formulate the classification as a Dynamic- Programming problem. We then present a group of polynomial-time-algorithms to obtain the optimal classification for soft and hard QoS requirements. We also present the concept of "differentiation factor" and show the effect of this factor on minimizing the quantization-overhead.
Productivity prediction model based on bayesian analysis and productivity console
Authors: Seok Jun Yun
Venue:  (2005)

Software project management is one of the most critical activities in modern software development projects. Without realistic and objective management, the software development process cannot be managed in an effective way. There are three general problems in project management: effort estimation is not accurate, actual status is difficult to understand, and projects are often geographically dispersed. Estimating software development effort is one of the most challenging problems in project management. Various attempts have been made to solve the problem; so far, however, it remains a complex problem. The error rate of a renowned effort estimation model can be higher than 30% of the actual productivity. Therefore, inaccurate estimation results in poor planning and defies effective control of time and budgets in project management. In this research, we have built a productivity prediction model which uses productivity data from an ongoing project to reevaluate the initial productivity estimate and provides managers a better productivity estimate for project management. The actual status of the software project is not easy to understand due to problems inherent in software project attributes. The project attributes are dispersed across the various CASE (Computer-Aided Software Engineering) tools and are difficult to measure because they are not hard material like building blocks. In this research, we have created a productivity console which incorporates an expert system to measure project attributes objectively and provides graphical charts to visualize project status. The productivity console uses project attributes gathered in KB (Knowledge Base) of PAMPA II (Project Attributes Monitoring and Prediction Associate) that works with CASE tools and collects project attributes from the databases of the tools. The productivity console and PAMPA II work on a network, so geographically dispersed projects can be managed via the Internet without difficulty.
Enabling context-sensitive information seeking
Authors: Michelle X. Zhou, Keith Houck, Shimei Pan, James Shaw, Vikram Aggarwal, Zhen Wen
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces (2006)

Information seeking is an important but often difficult task, especially when it involves large and complex data sets. We hypothesize that a context-sensitive interaction paradigm would greatly assist users in their information seeking. Such a paradigm would allow users to both express their requests and receive requested information in context. Driven by this hypothesis, we have taken rigorous steps to design, develop, and evaluate a full-fledged, context-sensitive information system. We started with a Wizard-of-OZ (WOZ) study to verify the effectiveness of our envi-sioned system. We then built a fully automated system based on the findings from our WOZ study. We targeted the development and integration of two sets of technologies: context-sensitive mul-timodal input interpretation and multimedia output generation. Finally, we formally evaluated the usability of our system in real world conditions. The results show that our system greatly improves the users' ability to perform practical information-seek-ing tasks. These results not only confirm our initial hypothesis, but they also indicate the practicality of our approaches.
Stochastic Model of Protease-Ligand Reactions
Authors: Paul Anderson, Douglas Raiford, Deacon Sweeney, Travis Doom, Michael Raymer
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth IEEE Symposium on Bioinformatics and Bioengineering (2005)

Prediction of protein tertiary structure based on amino acid sequence is one of the most challenging open questions in computational molecular biology. The two most common experimental methods for determining protein structure, X-ray crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) are both relatively expensive and time consuming processes. Further, some proteins (such as largely hydrophobic membrane integral proteins) are resistant to crystallization. Thus, computational approaches for determination of protein conformation are an attractive alternative to experimental procedures. While many such algorithms exist, none can yet achieve the same accuracy and reliability as experimental structure determination techniques. The objective of this research is to combine experimental evidence with computational modeling for high-confidence structure prediction. Limited proteolysis and chemical modification data is used to drive the modeling process towards physically realizable structures. Here we present a stochastic simulation of a limited proteolysis experiment that models the behavior of a protease-ligand reaction at an abstracted molecular level. The results of this simulation will be used to validate rate constant prediction methods that will then be used for the selection and refinement of candidate models for computational structure determination.
Analysis of a Multiserver Queue with Setup Times
Authors: J. R. Artalejo, A. Economou, M. J. Lopez-Herrero
Venue: Queueing Systems: Theory and Applications (2005)

This paper deals with the analysis of an M/M/c queueing system with setup times. This queueing model captures the major characteristics of phenomena occurring in production when the system consists in a set of machines monitored by a single operator. We carry out an extensive analysis of the system including limiting distribution of the system state, waiting time analysis, busy period and maximum queue length.
Scheduling Support for Guaranteed Time Services in IEEE 802.15.4 Low Rate WPAN
Authors: Seong-eun Yoo, Daeyoung Kim, Minh-Long Pham, Yoonmee Doh, Eunchang Choi, Jae-doo Huh
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th IEEE International Conference on Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications (2005)

We propose a real-time message scheduling algorithm which is applied to schedule periodic real-time messages in IEEE 802.15.4 for LR-WPAN(Low Rate Wireless Personal Area Network). The standard allows GTSs (Guaranteed Time Slots) in the optional use of a superframe structure in a beacon-enabled network to be used to exchange real-time messages. To utilize these features of the standard efficiently, a proper message scheduling algorithm is needed. The proposed off-line message scheduling algorithm which is based on a distance constrained scheduler generates the standard specific parameters including BO, SO, and GTS information to schedule the given message set. The algorithm is evaluated by simulation and the guaranteed time service using the schedule is implemented and evaluated on CC2420DB which is a prototyping platform including an IEEE 802.15.4 compliant transceiver of Chipcon AS.
Wideband spectral matrix filtering for multicomponent sensors array
Authors: Caroline Paulus, Jérôme Mars, Patrick Gounon
Venue: Signal Processing (2005)

As multicomponent (3C or 4C) seismic acquisitions are now commonly used, specific processings for multicomponent data sets are required. The aim of this paper is to present a new wavefield filter for multicomponent seismic data. The proposed method is derived from a recent technique used for single component data, which takes into account the wideband characteristics of the signal. The multicomponent extended method incorporates the polarization information and processes the various components in a global way instead of treating them independently. The proposed method is based on the computation of a global spectral matrix which gathers all the frequential and component interactions. We prove that the eigenvalue decomposition of a reduced matrix issued from this global matrix enables an efficient separation in two complementary spaces: one contains the signal and the other, the noise. The results obtained on synthetic and real data are presented and compared with others methods in order to assess the performances of our algorithm.
A reusable traceability framework using patterns
Authors: Justin Kelleher
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd international workshop on Traceability in emerging forms of software engineering (2005)

To accomplish reusable traceability practices a common framework must be established. In this paper we describe a traceability framework which consists of a TRAceability Metamodel (TRAM) and a TRAceability Process (TRAP). TRAM provides a language for describing the elements of a traceability process. The TRAceability Process (TRAP) is a process authoring tool for publishing product lifecycle process configurations as a web site for practitioners to access. A key component of the traceability process is the introduction of traceability patterns which provide a standardized mechanism for the visualization and communication of reusable traceability practices.A tool environment supporting the traceability framework is described. The TRAceability Pattern Environment (TRAPEd) is an environment for the structured and collaborative design of a traceability metamodel, process and patterns. Finally we represent the traceability metamodel, process and patterns using Topic Maps (ISO 13250)
A New Device Level Digital Simulator for Simulation and Functional Verification of Large Semiconductor Memories
Authors: Tathagato Rai Dastidar, Partha Ray
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on VLSI Design held jointly with 5th International Conference on Embedded Systems Design (2006)

Increasing use of embedded memories in modern day System-on-Chip (SoC) designs escalates the need for CAD tools for effective functional verification of memories. We present a new simulator called Natsim for device level digital circuits which can be effectively used for simulation and functional verification of large semiconductor memories and other custom digital circuits. SPICE [6] or switch-level Verilog cannot be effectively used for simulation of memories. Conventional switch level simulators like IRSIM [1], too, typically fail when used for simulating memory circuits, especially SRAM circuits, due to some inherent limitations in their voltage and delay calculation algorithms. We present a technique for voltage and delay calculation which is more robust than the method employed by earlier simulators. We also present a heuristic approach to predict the final logic value at a node in the circuit in presence of MOS transistors with unknown potentials at their gates. We present a methodology for functional verification of memories using Natsim. Experimental results for a wide range of memory circuits have been presented. The work presented in this paper is pending US patent.