ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
A Two-step TOA Estimation Method for IR-UWB Ranging Systems
Authors: Shaohua Wu, Qinyu Zhang, Naitong Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth Annual Conference on Communication Networks and Services Research (2007)

To design a low-calculation and high-precision TOA estimation algorithm for IR-UWB ranging systems, a two-step TOA estimation method which jointly employs energy-detection (ED) and matchfiltering (MF) is proposed. Based on analyzing the principles of the two-step method, it was pointed out that the success rate of DP block detection in the first step and the setting of MF-threshold-factor in the second step were the key issues that affect the performance of the method. Algorithm selection of the first step and setting of the energy integration interval, which are the two factors that affects the success rate of DP block detection, were discussed through simulations. The idea of DMR (DP to minimum energy sample ratio) based MF-threshold-factor selection was proposed. Results show that the proposed two-step method greatly outperforms the one-step energydetection based non-coherent method, while largely decreases the computational complexity compared to the one-step match-filtering based coherent method.
Local Production, Local Consumption Peer-to-Peer Architecture for a Dependable and Sustainable Social Infrastructure
Authors: Kenji Saito, Eiichi Morino, Yoshihiko Suko, Takaaki Suzuki, Jun Murai
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 International Symposium on Applications and the Internet Workshops (2007)

Peer-to-peer (P2P) is a system of overlay networks such that participants can potentially take symmetrical roles. This translates itself into a design based on the philosophy of Local Production, Local Consumption (LPLC), originally an agricultural concept to promote sustainable local economy. This philosophy helps enhancing survivability of a society by providing a dependable economic infrastructure and promoting the power of individuals. This paper attempts to put existing works of P2P designs into the perspective of the five-layer architecture model to realize LPLC, and proposes future research directions toward integration of P2P studies for actualization of a dependable and sustainable social infrastructure.
Heuristics for Dynamic Task Mapping in NoC-based Heterogeneous MPSoCs
Authors: Ewerson Carvalho, Ney Calazans, Fernando Moraes
Venue: Proceedings of the 18th IEEE/IFIP International Workshop on Rapid System Prototyping (2007)

Multiprocessor Systems-on-Chip (MPSoCs) is a trend in VLSI design, since they minimize the "design crisis (gap between silicon technology and actual SoC design capacity) and reduce the time to market. Important issues in MPSoC design are the communication infrastructure and task mapping. MPSoCs may employ NoCs to integrate multiple programmable processor cores, specialized memories, and other IPs in a scalable way. Applications running in MPSoCs execute a varying number of tasks simultaneously, and their number may exceed the available resources, requiring task mapping to be executed at runtime to meet real-time constraints. Most works in the literature present static MPSoC mapping solutions. Static mapping defines a fixed placement and scheduling, not appropriate for dynamic workloads. Task migration has also been proposed for use in MPSoCs, with the goal to relocate tasks when performance bottlenecks are identified. This work investigates the performance of mapping heuristics in NoC-based MPSoCs with dynamic workloads, targeting NoC congestion minimization, a key cost function to optimize the NoC performance. Here, tasks are mapped on the fly, according to communication requests and the load in the NoC links. Results show execution time and congestion reduction when congestion-aware mapping heuristics are employed.
Smoothed penalty algorithms for optimization of nonlinear models
Authors: M. Herty, A. Klar, A. K. Singh, P. Spellucci
Venue: Computational Optimization and Applications (2007)

We introduce an algorithm for solving nonlinear optimization problems with general equality and box constraints. The proposed algorithm is based on smoothing of the exact l 1-penalty function and solving the resulting problem by any box-constraint optimization method. We introduce a general algorithm and present theoretical results for updating the penalty and smoothing parameter. We apply the algorithm to optimization problems for nonlinear traffic network models and report on numerical results for a variety of network problems and different solvers for the subproblems.
Information Systems Metamodels Developing for Providing Structural and Semantic Interoperability
Authors: Mikhaylov Ilya Sergeevitch
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Dependability of Computer Systems (2007)

In the paper the problem of information system integration is considered. The actuality of the problem is shown and metamodeling approach is offered for its decision. This approach can provide common interpretation of integrating information system entities, based on problem domain ontology.
Efficient mining of weighted interesting patterns with a strong weight and/or support affinity
Authors: Unil Yun
Venue: Information Sciences: an International Journal (2007)

Most algorithms for frequent pattern mining use a support constraint to prune the combinatorial search space but support-based pruning is not enough. After mining datasets to obtain frequent patterns, the resulting patterns can have weak affinity. Although the minimum support can be increased, it is not effective for finding correlated patterns with increased weight and/or support affinity. Interesting measures have been proposed to detect correlated patterns but any approach does not consider both support and weight. In this paper, we present a new strategy, Weighted interesting pattern mining (WIP) in which a new measure, weight-confidence, is suggested to mine correlated patterns with the weight affinity. A weight range is used to decide weight boundaries and an h-confidence serves to identify support affinity patterns. In WIP, without additional computation cost, original h-confidence is used instead of the upper bound of h-confidence for performance improvement. WIP not only gives a balance between the two measures of weight and support, but also considers weight affinity and/or support affinity between items within patterns so more correlated patterns can be detected. To our knowledge, ours is the first work specifically to consider weight affinity between items of patterns. A comprehensive performance study shows that WIP is efficient and scalable for finding affinity patterns. Moreover, it generates fewer but more valuable patterns with the correlation. To decrease the number of thresholds, w-confidence, h-confidence and weighted support can be used selectively according to requirement of applications.
Synchronous Consensus with Mortal Byzantines
Authors: Josef Widder, Gunther Gridling, Bettina Weiss, Jean-Paul Blanquart
Venue: Proceedings of the 37th Annual IEEE/IFIP International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks (2007)

We consider the problem of reaching agreement in synchronous systems under a fault model whose severity lies between Byzantine and crash faults. For these "mortal" Byzantine faults, we assume that faulty processes take a finite number of arbitrary steps before they eventually crash. After discussing several application examples where this model is justified, we present and prove correct a consensus algorithm that tolerates a minority of faulty processes; i.e., more faults can be tolerated compared to classic Byzantine faults. We also show that the algorithm is optimal regarding the required number of processes and that no algorithm can solve consensus with just a majority of correct processes in a bounded number of rounds under our fault assumption. Finally, we consider more restricted fault models that allow to further reduce the required number of processes.
Optimizing Regional Aid during Public Health Emergencies: An Autonomic Resource Allocation Approach
Authors: Hina Arora, T. S. Raghu, Ajay Vinze
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (2007)

A large scale public health emergency such as an epidemic (occurring naturally or due to a bioterrorism attack) can result in an overwhelming number of human casualties. This can result in scarcity of healthcare resources such as beds, staffing, supplies and equipment. Regional aid in the form of central stockpiles and resource redistribution can help mitigate the resulting demand surge. However, optimizing resources across regional healthcare units requires continuous monitoring of resource usage in each unit, and coordinating the distribution of resources among them. Application of autonomic selfmanagement concepts can greatly relieve the cognitive challenges faced by decision makers in this context. This paper discusses an autonomic resource allocation approach for optimizing regional aid during public health emergencies. We explore three different regional aid programs and show that relative program effectiveness is dependent on resource and budget availability.
A model for a web-based learning system
Authors: Vincenza Carchiolo, Alessandro Longheu, Michele Malgeri, Giuseppe Mangioni
Venue: Information Systems Frontiers (2007)

The dissemination of knowledge is currently being improved by e-learning, which consists of a combination of teaching methodologies and computer-based tools. Recently e-learning environments have started to exploit web technology to provide a simple, flexible, distributed and open platform. In this paper we propose a model for an e-learning system, aiming at sharing both course contents and teaching materials, in order to provide students with a single and uniform set of concepts to be learned, and promoting active learning by allowing the construction of courses which are personalized in terms of both contents and teaching materials, selected according to each student's needs and capabilities. A first, open-source prototype based on the proposed model has been implemented to validate the model.
On the Feasibility of Enhancing Interactivity for Real-time Communications using Overlay Routing
Authors: Li Tang, Zhijie Sun, Zhen Chen, Jun Li
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Networking and Services (2007)

As real-time communications are developing rapidly on the Internet, overlay routing has been widely proposed as an easily deployable way to meet their stringent requirements of end-to-end (E2E) performance and interactivity. Contrasting to that much previous work focused on the design of novel protocols, some significant issues impacting overlay routing's feasibility of performance improvement and guidelines of practical implementation still lack a careful study. This paper contributes to the understanding of three of such technical issues. The first issue is how long it takes a relay node to forward a packet, and what are the determinant factors. The second one is how long the overlay path (OP) can persist to sustainedly outperforming the direct IP-path (DP), and how to select more persistent OPs. The last issue is that given the existence of performance correlation between E2E paths, whether it is possible to gain benefits by cooperatively manipulating multiple paths.
A novel channel equalizer for chaotic digital communications systems
Authors: M. Ciftci
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1999. on 1999 IEEE International Conference - Volume 03 (1999)

A variety of communications systems based on chaos and nonlinear dynamics have previously been proposed. However, most of these algorithms fail to work under realistic channel conditions. This paper presents a channel equalization scheme for chaotic communication systems based on a family of archetypal chaotic maps. The symbolic-dynamic representation of these maps is exploited to allow a straightforward and efficient implementation. Equalizer filter coefficients are updated using appropriately modified versions of decision-directed and decision-feedback equalization algorithms with adaptation based on the NLMS algorithm.
3DE: an environment for the development of learner-centered custom educational packages
Authors: D. Del Corso
Venue: Proceedings of the Frontiers in Education Conference, 2001. 31st Annual - Volume 02 (2001)

The usual approach for interactive multimedia courses is to build teacher or institution-driven 'commodity' courses. Better results can be achieved with courses customized for the requirements and needs of each learner. This is the approach of 3DE (Design, Development and Delivery-Electronic Environment for Educational Multimedia), a project aimed to define, design, and build personalized learning packages, tailor-made for individual learners. These custom courses are built from a library of micromodules worked out specifically for different learning styles. The goals are to improve the effectiveness of computer-based teaching and training packages, and to reduce the cost for the development of high-quality interactive multimedia educational packages, thanks to reuse of micromodules and the automated course assembly procedures. The environment include tools to analyze learning style preferences, competence, and educational goals in terms of final competence and skills.
A trend pattern assessment approach to microarray gene expression profiling data analysis
Authors: Kajia Cao, Qiuming Zhu, Javeed Iqbal, John W. C. Chan
Venue: Pattern Recognition Letters (2007)

We study the problem of how to assess the reliability of a statistical measurement on data set containing unknown quantity of noises, inconsistencies, and outliers. A practical approach that analyzes the dynamical patterns (trends) of the statistical measurements through a sequential extreme-boundary-points (EBP) weed-out process is explored. We categorize the weed-out trend patterns (WOTP) and examine their relation to the reliability of the measurement. The approach is applied to the processes of extracting genes that are predictive to BCL2 translocations and to clinical survival outcomes of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) from DNA Microarray gene expression profiling data sets. Fisher's Discriminate Criterion (FDC) is used as a statistical measurement in the processes. It is found that the weed-out trend analysis (WOTA) approach is effective for qualitatively assessing the statistics-based measurements in the experimentations conducted.
Recursive blind channel identification and equalization by ULV decomposition
Authors: Xiaohua Li
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1999. on 1999 IEEE International Conference - Volume 05 (1999)

Most eigenstructure-based blind channel identification and equalization algorithms with second-order statistics need SVD or EVD of the correlation matrix of the output signal. We show new algorithms based on QR factorization of the output data directly. A recursive algorithm is developed by updating a rank-revealing ULV decomposition. Compared with existing algorithms in the same category, our algorithm is computationally more efficient and numerically (potentially) more robust. The computation in each recursion of the recursive algorithm can be reduced to the order of O(m/sup 2/) under some simplifications, where m is the dimension of the received signal vector. Numerical simulations demonstrate the performance of the proposed algorithm.
Strategies for the Run-Time Testing of Third Party Web Services
Authors: Daniel Brenner, Colin Atkinson, Oliver Hummel, Dietmar Stoll
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Service-Oriented Computing and Applications (2007)

Because of the dynamic way in which serviceoriented architectures are configured, the correct interaction of service users and service providers can only be fully tested at r un-time. However, the run-time testing of web services is complicated by the fact that they may be arbitrarily shared and may have lifetimes which are independent of the applications that use them. In this paper we investigate this situation by first identifying the different types of tests that can be applied to services at run-time and the different types of web services that can be used in service-oriented systems. We then discuss how these can be combined - identifying the combinations of tests and web services that make sense and those that do not. The resulting analysis identifies six distinct forms of run-time testing strategy of practical value in service-oriented systems.
An Active Viewing System to Utilize Streaming Video for Education
Authors: Masahiro Yachi, Jun Murai
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 International Symposium on Applications and the Internet Workshops (2007)

This paper proposes an alternative model to access streaming video contents available on the Internet. Currently many streaming videos are delivered in one way, in spite of the bi-directional network connection. To have more interactivity in use of them, we have implemented a system for viewers to control the original unedited video sources with active viewing interfaces. The system allows video source owners to share video sources without editing, and viewers to reorganize them while receiving from the streaming server. With the implemented system, viewers can utilize the video sources in more effective way for educational purposes.
Developing effective assignments for lengthy technical documents
Authors: B. M. Olds
Venue: Proceedings of the Frontiers in Education Conference, on 1995. Proceedings., 1995 - Volume 02 (1995)

It is important for engineering students to have opportunities to write lengthy technical documents during their undergraduate careers. However, only when such assignments are carefully planned, grounded in authentic contexts, and effectively mentored do they prove beneficial to students. I explore several keys to developing effective major assignments using three examples from the curriculum at the Colorado Schools of Mines (CSM); the EPICS (Engineering Practices Introductory Course Sequence) program; the required field session for chemical engineering majors; and the Multidisciplinary Senior Design (MSD) sequence.
Effects of computer-supported contrasting cases on esl students' adaptive writing abilities
Authors: Xiaodong Lin
Venue:  (2006)

Teachers are challenged to create effective instructional designs that direct students toward academic expertise. When students gain a level of expertise that resembles that of professionals, such as scientists or writers, they are more clearly able to articulate underlying principles in a particular domain, think creatively, analytically evaluate their learning outcome, and further explore strategies more fully (Alexander, 2003). Attainment of these kinds of adaptive competencies is highly desired but seldom achieved in school learning (Hatano Oura, 2003). This challenge remains particularly unmet in the linguistically and culturally complex domain of English as a Second Language (ESL) writing instruction. ESL students tend to pay too much attention to lower-order problems of words and grammar, attending little to higher-level aspects of writing, such as organizing ideas coherently, which results in poor writing quality. The goal of this study was to explore particular instructional approaches in the development of ESL students' adaptive expertise in English writing. Study 1 investigated the effects of two experimental approaches, in terms of student learning outcomes, utilizing models in two different ways---one using a set of contrasting model writings (CM) and the other using one good model writing (GO)---by comparing them with a traditional approach that emphasizes repeated practice. The students in the two experimental groups outperformed on their writing tests those in the control group. Prompted by the findings in Study 1, Study 2 explored the effectiveness of the CM approach comparing learning outcomes from the GO approach. Evidently the CM approach facilitated these ESL students' learning progress toward expertise, enabling quantitative and qualitative changes to improve their knowledge base. The CM students outperformed GO students: (1) identifying important features associated with the writing process such as "organizing ideas"; (2) using more cohesive devices; (3) participating in online discussions posting reflective posts. The study proposed a set of instructional framework that can play a key role for students to acquire extensive knowledge that goes beyond the learning of factual information and grow themselves as adaptive learners not only in the domain of ESL writing but also in other school subject domains.
Profiling Delay and Throughput Characteristics of Interactive Multimedia Traffic over WLANs Using OPNET
Authors: Suhaimi Bin Abd Latif, M. A. Rashid, F. Alam
Venue: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications Workshops - Volume 02 (2007)

Performance statistics of WLANs in published literatures are limited only to homogeneous traffic. However, mixed traffic scenario is prevailing in WLANs. This paper is an effort to characterize WLANs behaviour in transmitting mixed traffic. OPNET was used to simulate a typical WLANs scenario. It was found that tuning the CFP and superframe size dynamically will achieve better end-to-end delay and throughput profiles.
A novel modular product unit neural network for modelling constrained spatial interaction flows
Authors: M. M. Fischer
Venue: Proceedings of the Evolutionary Computation on 2002. CEC '02. Proceedings of the 2002 Congress - Volume 02 (2002)

A novel product unit neural network approach is presented for modelling origin constrained spatial interaction flows. We adopt the Alopex procedure, a global search procedure, in combination with the bootstrapping pairs approach to address the issue of maximum likelihood estimation of the parameters. A benchmark comparison illustrates the generalisation performance of the model approach in terms of Kullback and Leibler's information criterion.
Research Note: Generating parallel quasirandom sequences via randomization
Authors: Hongmei Chi, Edward L. Jones
Venue: Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing (2007)

Quasi-Monte Carlo (QMC) methods are now widely used in scientific computation, especially in estimating integrals over multidimensional domains. One advantage of QMC is that it is easy to parallelize applications, and so the success of any parallel QMC application depends crucially on the quality of parallel quasirandom sequences used. Much of the recent work dealing with parallel QMC methods has been aimed at splitting a single quasirandom sequence into many subsequences. In contrast with this perspective to concentrate on breaking one sequence up, this paper proposes an alternative approach to generating parallel sequences for QMC. This method generates parallel sequences of quasirandom numbers via scrambling. The exact meaning of scrambling depends on the type of parallel quasirandom numbers. In general, we seek to randomize the generator matrix for each quasirandom number generator. Specifically, this paper will discuss how to parallelize the Halton sequence via scrambling. The proposed scheme for generating parallel random number streams is especially good for heterogeneous and unreliable computing environments.
SoundSpot: a next-generation audio-guide system for museums
Authors: Fusako Kusunoki, Ichiro Satoh, Hiroshi Mizoguchi, Shigenori Inagaki
Venue: Proceedings of the international conference on Advances in computer entertainment technology (2007)

In this paper, we propose a system called SoundSpot, which is A Next-generation Audio-guide System for museums. Although the original goal of the system is to solve problems in audio-based annotations, the system can attract a lot of interest as an magical entertainment system. So though the system we aim that children can enhance their motivation to know information which are related to exhibitions. We evaluated the system in a Japanese science museum and confirmed its effectiveness.