ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Neural Correlates of Mental State Decoding in Human Adults: An Event-related Potential Study
Authors: Mark A. Sabbagh, Margaret C. Moulson, Kate L. Harkness
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2004)

Successful negotiation of human social interactions rests on having a theory of mind - an understanding of how others' behaviors can be understood in terms of internal mental states, such as beliefs, desires, intentions, and emotions. A core theory-of-mind skill is the ability to decode others' mental states on the basis of observable information, such as facial expressions. Although several recent studies have focused on the neural correlates of reasoning about mental states, no research has addressed the question of what neural systems underlie mental state decoding. We used dense-array event-related potentials (ERP) to show that decoding mental states from pictures of eyes is associated with an N270-400 component over inferior frontal and anterior temporal regions of the right hemisphere. Source estimation procedures suggest that orbitofrontal and medial temporal regions may underlie this ERP effect. These findings suggest that different components of everyday theory-of-mind skills may rely on dissociable neural mechanisms.
Peer Review for Life
Authors: Caroline Coit, Kira Stowe
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (2006)

This paper describes a Web-based application, the PCS-Tool, which can be used for carrying out online peer review. The tool makes it easy to bring together communities of learners from all walks of life for purposes of sharing their written work and receiving feedback on it. In this completely learner-centered environment, writers are able to gain confidence about their written texts before they turn them in for the critical judgment of, for example, a teacher, publisher, or group. By taking away the focus on a teacher as the only evaluator of one's texts and opening the way for peer-to-peer feedback, a door is opened for life-long learners.
An Architecture for Contextualized Learning Experiences
Authors: Marcus Specht, Andreas Zimmermann
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (2006)

The paper introduces the background and motivation for contextualized learning experiences and a short overview of recent research work on valuable mobile applications for learning. Based on a background of situated cognition and situated learning authentic learning experiences can be supported by a variety of context parameters. The paper illustrates a general architecture for contextualized applications and identifies important issues for contextualizing learning experiences and learning content.
A Fault-Local Self-Stabilizing Clustering Service for Wireless Ad Hoc Networks
Authors: Murat Demirbas, Anish Arora
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems (2006)

We present a fast, local clustering service, FLOC, that partitions a multihop wireless network into nonoverlapping and approximately equal-sized clusters. Each cluster has a clusterhead such that all nodes within unit distance and some nodes within distance m of the clusterhead belong to the cluster. We show that, by asserting a stretch factor m \geq 2, FLOC achieves locality of clustering and fault-local self-stabilization: The effects of cluster formation and faults/changes at any part of the network are contained within at most m+1 units. Through simulations and experiments with actual deployments, we analyze the trade-offs between clustering time and the quality of clustering and suggest suitable parameters for FLOC to achieve a fast completion time without compromising the quality of the resulting clustering.
Data Fusion and Confidence Measure in Image Feature Detection
Authors: Qiuyu Zhu, Sujuan Huang
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Video and Signal Based Surveillance (2006)

The data fusion approaches for uncorrelated and correlated data are carried out in image feature detection, which integrate information of the same feature based on multiple methods using a statistical approach. Validity of the scheme and properties of the fused data are discussed. A confidence measure is defined, and applied to evaluate credibility of the result. The technique can be used to reduce adverse effects of individual feature detection errors, and improve the rate of pattern recognition. Examples of facial canthus detection and the corresponding confidence levels are presented.
EFuNN Ensembles Construction Using CONE with Multi-objective GA
Authors: Fernanda L. Minku, Teresa B. Ludermir
Venue: Proceedings of the Ninth Brazilian Symposium on Neural Networks (2006)

This paper presents the experiments which where made with the Clustering and Coevolution to Construct Neural Network Ensemble (CONE) approach on four classification benchmark databases. This approach was used to create a particular type of Evolving Fuzzy Neural Network (EFuNN) ensemble and optimize its parameters using a Coevolutionary Multi-objective Genetic Algorithm. The results of the experiments reinforce some previous results which have shown that the approach is able to generate EFuNN ensembles with accuracy either better or equal to the accuracy of single EFuNNs generated without using coevolution. Besides, the execution time of CONE to generate EFuNN ensembles is lower than the execution time to produce single EFuNNs without coevolution.
Binocular Rivalry and Motion Perception
Authors: Randolph Blake, Karen Yu, Michelle Lokey, Hideko Norman
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (1998)

In a series of experiments psychophysical techniques were used to study the relation between binocular rivalry and motion perception. An initial series of experiments confirmed that motion enhances the predominance of an eye during rivalry, although the direction of motion does not matter.The presence of an annulus of motion immediately surrounding one eye's rival target greatly enhances dominance of that target, but the influence of the annulus progressively decreases as the separation between disk and annulus increased. Opponent directions of motion in disk and annulus yield greater dominance than when dots in the disk and annulus moved in identical directions. In a second experiment the two eyes were adapted to orthogonal directions of motion, generating strong, distinctively different monocular motion aftereffects (MAEs). Even though the two eyes view physically identical random-motion displays following differential adaptation, binocular rivalry of the discrepant MAEs can occur.Finally,using a stimulus replacement technique to measure detectability of translational and rotational motion, it was found that both types of motion were readily detected during periods of dominance but went undetected during periods of suppression. Taken together, these results bear on the process responsible for rivalry and its neural locus relative to the analysis of different types of motion.
Efficient Mining of Constrained Frequent Patterns from Streams
Authors: Carson Kai-Sang Leung, Quamrul I. Khan
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th International Database Engineering and Applications Symposium (2006)

With advances in technology, a flood of data can be produced in many applications such as sensor networks and Web click streams. This calls for stream mining, which searches for implicit, previously unknown, and potentially useful information (such as frequent patterns) that might be embedded in continuous data streams. However, most of the existing algorithms do not allow users to express the patterns to be mined according to their intentions, via the use of constraints. Consequently, these unconstrained mining algorithms can yield numerous patterns that are not interesting to users. In this paper, we develop algorithms- which use a tree-based framework to capture the important portion of the streaming data, and allow human users to impose a certain focus on the mining process- for mining frequent patterns that satisfy user constraints from the flood of data.
Real-time multi-scale brain data acquisition, assembly, and analysis using an end-to-end OptIPuter
Authors: Rajvikram Singh, Nicholas Schwarz, Nut Taesombut, David Lee, Byungil Jeong, Luc Renambot, Abel W. Lin, Ruth West, Hiromu Otsuka, Sei Naito, Steven T. Peltier, Maryann E. Martone, Kazunori Nozaki, Jason Leigh, Mark H. Ellisman
Venue: Future Generation Computer Systems (2006)

At iGrid 2005 we demonstrated the transparent operation of a biology experiment on a test-bed of globally distributed visualization, storage, computational, and network resources. These resources were bundled into a unified platform by utilizing dynamic lambda allocation, high bandwidth protocols for optical networks, a Distributed Virtual Computer (DVC) [N. Taesombut, A. Chien, Distributed Virtual Computer (DVC): Simplifying the development of high performance grid applications, in: Proceedings of the Workshop on Grids and Advanced Networks, GAN 04, Chicago, IL, April 2004 (held in conjunction with the IEEE Cluster Computing and the Grid (CCGrid2004) Conference)], and applications running over the Scalable Adaptive Graphics Environment (SAGE) [L. Renambot, A. Rao, R. Singh, B. Jeong, N. Krishnaprasad, V. Vishwanath, V. Chandrasekhar, N. Schwarz, A. Spale, C. Zhang, G. Goldman, J. Leigh, A. Johnson, SAGE: The Scalable Adaptive Graphics Environment, in: Proceedings of WACE 2004, 23-24 September 2004, Nice, France, 2004]. Using these layered technologies we ran a multi-scale correlated microscopy experiment [M.E. Maryann, T.J. Deerinck, N. Yamada, E. Bushong, H. Ellisman Mark, Correlated 3D light and electron microscopy: Use of high voltage electron microscopy and electron tomography for imaging large biological structures, Journal of Histotechnology 23 (3) (2000) 261-270], where biologists imaged samples with scales ranging from 20X to 5000X in progressively increasing magnification. This allows the scientists to zoom in from entire complex systems such as a rat cerebellum to individual spiny dendrites. The images used spanned multiple modalities of imaging and specimen preparation, thus providing context at every level and allowing the scientists to better understand the biological structures. This demonstration attempts to define an infrastructure based on OptIPuter components which would aid the development and design of collaborative scientific experiments, applications and test-beds and allow the biologists to effectively use the high resolution real estate of tiled displays.
SMP and embedded real-time
Authors: Paul McKenney
Venue: Linux Journal (2007)

What happens when multicore CPUs penetrate embedded systems?
A complete, co-inductive syntactic theory of sequential control and state
Authors: Kristian Støvring, Soren B. Lassen
Venue: ACM SIGPLAN Notices (2007)

We present a new co-inductive syntactic theory, eager normal form bisimilarity, for the untyped call-by-value lambda calculus extended with continuations and mutable references.We demonstrate that the associated bisimulation proof principle is easy to use and that it is a powerful tool for proving equivalences between recursive imperative higher-order programs.The theory is modular in the sense that eager normal form bisimilarity for each of the calculi extended with continuations and/or mutable references is a fully abstract extension of eager normal form bisimilarity for its sub-calculi. For each calculus, we prove that eager normal form bisimilarity is a congruence and is sound with respect to contextual equivalence. Furthermore, for the calculus with both continuations and mutable references, we show that eager normal form bisimilarity is complete: it coincides with contextual equivalence.
Thracker - Using Capacitive Sensing for Gesture Recognition
Authors: Raphael Wimmer, Paul Holleis, Matthias Kranz, Albrecht Schmidt
Venue: Proceedings of the 26th IEEE International ConferenceWorkshops on Distributed Computing Systems (2006)

In this paper we present Thracker - a low-cost and robust hardware to track hand gestures in front of a screen or small-scale active spaces like public displays or posters. Thracker uses capacitive sensing for tracking user input. Thracker allows for entire new interaction modes like picking and dropping an object on the screen with the hand. We present a fully working prototype and a short user study to confirm our findings.
Relationship between index term specificity and relevance judgment
Authors: Giyeong Kim
Venue: Information Processing and Management: an International Journal (2006)

Concurrent concepts of specificity are discussed and differentiated from each other to investigate the relationship between index term specificity and users' relevance judgments. The identified concepts are term-document specificity, hierarchical specificity, statement specificity, and posting specificity. Among them, term-document specificity, which is a relationship between an index term and the document indexed with the term, is regarded as a fruitful research area. In an experiment involving three searches with 175 retrieved documents from 356 matched index terms, the impact of specificity on relevance judgments is analyzed and found to be statistically significant. Implications for index practice and for future research are discussed.
System throughput analysis of rate adaptive TDMA system supporting two class services
Authors: Ronghong Mo, Yong Huat Chew
Venue: Wireless Networks (2005)

In this paper, an adaptive transmission scheme is proposed to improve the spectral efficiency of TDMA systems. Services accommodated in such systems are classified as QoS services and BE services. Unlike conventional adaptive TDMA systems where the time slot duration is fixed for each user, our proposed system employs transmission slots with adaptive duration. For QoS services, rate adaptive modulation is adopted to make use of the instantaneous channel conditions of individual user. For BE services, a media access control strategy (MAC) that takes the instantaneous transmission conditions of all physical links of all BE services into consideration is employed. A tramework to study the proposed system in terms of the average packet loss and the average system throughput is presented. The maximum nuumber of QoS services that can be supported in the system while a predefined requirement on the average packet loss is still satisfied is investigated. A comparison study shows that our proposed scheme has higher system throughput over both conventional fixed and adaptive TDMA systems.
Neural Correlates of Syntactic Processing in Two-Year-Olds
Authors: Regine Oberecker, Manuela Friedrich, Angela D. Friederici
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2005)

Event-related brain potential (ERP) studies of sentence processing in adults have shown that phrase-structure violations are associated with two ERP components: an early left anterior negativity (ELAN) and a late, centro-parietal positivity (P600). Although the ELAN reflects highly automatic first-pass sentence parsing, the P600 has been interpreted to reflect later, more controlled processes. The present ERP study investigates the processing of phrase-structure violations in children below three years of age. Both children (mean age of 2.8 years) and adults passively listened to short active sentences that were either correct or syntactically incorrect. Adults displayed an ELAN that was followed by a P600 to the syntactic violation. Children also demonstrated a biphasic ERP pattern consisting of an early left hemispheric negativity and a late positivity. Both components, however, started later and persisted longer than those observed in adults. The left lateralization of the children's negativity suggests that this component can be interpreted as a child-specific precursor to the ELAN observed in adults. The appearance of the early negativity indicates that the neural mechanisms of syntactic parsing are present, in principle, during early language development.
Towards Ethernet-Based Wireless Mesh Networks for Fast Moving Users
Authors: Filip De Greve, Wim Vandenberghe, Filip De Turck, Ingrid Moerman, Piet Demeester
Venue: Proceedings of the 32nd EUROMICRO Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications (2006)

In this paper we examine the capabilities of Switched Ethernet for building wireless mesh networks (WMNs) and more specific for the support of fast moving users. We will motivate that Switched Ethernet with wireless extensions is a promising auto-configurable WMN technology. An inherent Ethernet feature, topology modification according to the actual link rates, will be used to avoid poor wireless links in the active topology. We demonstrate that fast recovery is feasible in a WMN by extending the standard spanning tree protocols. Simulations and analytical results will reveal some basic differences if the wired links of Switched Ethernet are replaced by wireless links and this leads to a parameter evaluation of the IEEE 802.11e protocol for optimizing the bandwidth usage of the wireless medium.
A New Approach to Predicting Regulatory Elements in Dictyostelium Gene Expression
Authors: Jung H. Kim, Daekwan Seo, Moritoshi Yasunaga, Insook Kim
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 International Conference on Hybrid Information Technology - Volume 01 (2006)

In current bioinformatics, the prediction of transcriptional regulatory elements (TREs) is one of the major challenges. It is a key step toward deciphering entire genetic regulatory networks. The goal of this study is to predict TREs associated with four classes of developmentally regulated genes in Dictyostelium discoideum (Dd). Applying a pattern recognition method to 5' untranscribed region of Dd sequences, the evaluation score (E-score) for each candidate TRE is calculated. Based on these E-scores and the proposed selection criteria, putative class-specific TREs are predicted in each developmentally regulated class of Dd.
IAGO project and development of compound agents
Authors: John E. Hiles
Venue: Proceedings of the 36th conference on Winter simulation (2004)

The IAGO Project explores the question of whether a software model, in the form of a computational model of cognitive behavior, can contribute to better anticipation of asymmetrical threats. The computational model used in IAGO is based on Cognitive Blending, a theoretical model proposed in the Cognitive Sciences to explain fundamental or backstage cognitive operations in the brain. This model was implemented with the use of multiagent systems that coordinated their activity with a bio-inspired operator called a Connector. This operator and several others used in the IAGO project have been incorporated into a programming library, called the CMAS Library. CMAS stands for Compound Multiagent System. Compound refers to multiagent systems, in which at least some of the agents contain embedded multiagent systems. In the case of IAGO these embedded systems implement Cognitive Blending.
Learner as a Designer of Digital Learning Tools
Authors: Yasmin Bhattacharya, Madhumita Bhattacharya
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (2006)

This paper will concentrate on how teacher can support learners in creating their own learning tools conducive to learning. Authors will discuss how the journey in creating different learning tools has helped in getting better understanding of the concepts and processes. The learning tools created were then shared with other students and evaluated through use of email -surveys. Authors suggest that the process of learning through designing of learning tools could be time consuming but worth doing it.
Unlocking the Nature of the Phonological&ndash;Deep Dyslexia Continuum: The Keys to Reading Aloud Are in Phonology and Semantics
Authors: Jenni Crisp, Matthew A. Lambon Ralph
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2006)

It has been argued that normal reading and acquired dyslexias reflect the role of three underlying primary systems (phonology, semantics, and vision) rather than neural mechanisms dedicated to reading. This proposal is potentially consistent with the suggestion that phonological and deep dyslexia represent variants of a single reading disorder rather than two separate entities. The current study explored this possibility, the nature of any continuum between the disorders, and the possible underlying bases of it. A case series of patients were given an assessment battery to test for the characteristics of phonological and deep dyslexia. The status of their underlying phonological and semantic systems was also investigated. The majority of participants exhibited many of the symptoms associated with deep dyslexia whether or not they made semantic errors. Despite wide variation in word and nonword reading accuracy, there was considerable symptom overlap across the cohort and, thus, no sensible dividing line to separate the participants into distinct groups. The patient data indicated that the deep-phonological continuum might best be characterized according to the severity of the individual's reading impairment rather than in terms of a strict symptom succession. Assessments of phonological and semantic impairments suggested that the integrity of these primary systems underpinned the patients' reading performance. This proposal was supported by eliciting the symptoms of deep-phonological dyslexia in nonreading tasks.
Detection and Recovery for Disconnection Failures in a Web-based Medical Teleconsultation System
Authors: Kuo-Feng Ssu, Chih-Hsun Chou, Wei-Te Shih, Pau-Choo Chung, Hewijin C. Jiau
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th Pacific Rim International Symposium on Dependable Computing (2006)

With the progress of advanced technology, people anticipate better quality in the medical health care service. The physicians and hospitals, therefore, provide more precise and more rapid diagnosis for patients. Regular consultations are not only held inside a hospital, but also in other locations. When needed, a physician in a local hospital can consult other more experienced physicians in a remote medical center without face-to-face discussion using a teleconsultation system.
Exploiting Geographical and Temporal Locality to Boost Search Efficiency in Peer-to-Peer Systems
Authors: Hailong Cai Jun Wang
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems (2006)

As a hot research topic, many search algorithms have been presented and studied for unstructured peer-to-peer (P2P) systems during the past few years. Unfortunately, current approaches either cannot yield good lookup performance, or incur high search cost and system maintenance overhead. The poor search efficiency of these approaches may seriously limit the scalability of current unstructured P2P systems. In this paper, we propose to exploit two-dimensional locality to improve P2P system search efficiency. We present a locality-aware P2P system architecture called Foreseer, which explicitly exploits geographical locality and temporal locality by constructing a neighbor overlay and a friend overlay, respectively. Each peer in Foreseer maintains a small number of neighbors and friends along with their content filters used as distributed indices. By combining the advantages of distributed indices and the utilization of two-dimensional locality, our scheme significantly boosts P2P search efficiency while introducing only modest overhead. In addition, several alternative forwarding policies of Foreseer search algorithm are studied in depth on how to fully exploit the two-dimensional locality.