ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Separating hypersurfaces of SVMs in input spaces
Authors: Xun Liang, Chao Wang
Venue: Pattern Recognition Letters (2009)

It is well-known that the separating hyperplane given by a (standard) support vector machine (SVM) is located in the middle of the margin with equal distance from the support vectors of the partitioned two clusters in the high-dimensional feature space. Whereas we expect that the corresponding separating hypersurface is also located in the middle of the margin with equal distance from the two clusters in the input sample space, in reality, it is not. We illustrate that in theory, the above ''middle-located-hypersurface'' expectation in input sample spaces is not ideally supported by SVMs. A few illustrative examples and additional experiments on large data sets are correspondingly investigated.
Quality management and quality practice: Perspectives on their history and their future
Authors: N. I. Fisher, V. N. Nair
Venue: Applied Stochastic Models in Business and Industry (2009)

The purpose of this article and a companion article is to explore a number of topics in Statistics in Business and Industry. This article sketches the history of Quality Management, from its emergence in the late 19th and early 20th centuries through to the present day. Particular emphasis is placed on activities in Japan immediately following the end of the Second World War, and subsequent developments elsewhere in the world. We draw a careful distinction between Quality Management and various methodologies that aid in its implementation, such as Six Sigma. In the words of one management practitioner, Norbert Vogel, &lsquo;TQM in its broadest sense examines all aspects of management and the alternative methodologies being promoted are merely sub-sets of what should be an integrated management system.&rsquo; The article concludes with some speculative thoughts about the future of Quality Management from a statistician's point of view. Copyright &copy; 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structured LDPC Codes with Linear Complexity Encoding
Authors: Vinay Bhardwaj, N. P. Pathak, Arun Kumar
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 WRI International Conference on Communications and Mobile Computing - Volume 01 (2009)

Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) codes have stimulated a lot of interest in recent years due to their capacity approaching performance and availability of fast decoding algorithms. The existing encoding scheme for LDPC code usually incurs too high complexity and should be changed to encoding scheme with low complexity An elementary Turbo Structured Tanner graph construction and encoding scheme for a family of regular LDPC codes attaining desired high girth is studied in this paper. The construction provides flexibility in choice of parameters like column weight (j>=2), row weight k and arbitrary girth g. Turbo Structured low density parity check ( TS-LDPC) codes are regular LDPC codes with their Tanner graph consists of two trees connected by an interleaver. Linear complexity is attained with few alterations and restrictions of in Tanner graph of Turbo Structured LDPC codes. Simulation results demonstrates that not only the bit error rate (BER) performance of TSLDPC codes at low signal to noise ratio (SNR) is comparable with error performance of corresponding Random LDPC codes, with better error performance at high SNR but linear encoding considerably reduces simulation time.
Grid resource discovery mechanism based on resource clustering
Authors: Chen Jing, Liu Mingxin
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Advanced Infocomm Technology (2008)

GRDS (Grid Resource Discovery Service) is one of the basic services in grid system, it provides a main way to query and locate the interested information, and the QoS (Quality of Service) of GRDS decides whether users may use information efficiently. In order to improve resource discovery efficiency and distinguish users' difference in dynamic and heterogeneous grid environment, a new GRDS based on resource clustering (GRDS-RC) is presented in this paper. Firstly, GRDS-RC is divided into some peer-to-peer virtual community (P2PVC), and every P2PVC may execute the discovery function parallel. Secondly, resource clustering is defined by introducing similarity measure method, and every P2PVC is constructed according to the results of resource clustering. Thirdly, to reduce the overhead of query, query router algorithm is proposed. The simulation results show that GRIS-CR can improve the performance of grid and satisfy users' demand.
Dunnart: A Constraint-Based Network Diagram Authoring Tool
Authors: Tim Dwyer, Kim Marriott, Michael Wybrow
Venue: Graph Drawing: 16th International Symposium, GD 2008, Heraklion, Crete, Greece, September 21-24, 2008. Revised Papers (2009)

We present a new network diagram authoring tool, Dunnart, that provides continuous network layout. It continuously adjusts the layout in response to user interaction, while still maintaining the layout style and, where reasonable, the current layout topology. The diagram author uses placement constraints, such as alignment and distribution, to tailor the layout style and can guide the layout by repositioning diagram components or rerouting connectors. The key to the flexibility of our approach is the use of topology-preserving constrained graph layout.
High-speed low-power FinFET based domino logic
Authors: Seid Hadi Rasouli, Hanpei Koike, Kaustav Banerjee
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference (2009)

This paper introduces a novel FinFET based domino logic, which exploits the exclusive property of the FinFET device (capacitive coupling between front-gate and back-gate in a four-terminal (4T) FinFET) to simultaneously achieve higher performance and lower power consumption. Using a new implementation of the resistive gate, the keeper device is made weaker at the beginning of the evaluation phase to reduce its contention with the pull-down network, but gradually becomes stronger to provide high noise margin. The strength of the keeper device is controlled by the differential gate voltage, which guarantees low gate-source voltage at the beginning of the evaluation phase and high gate-source voltage during rest of the time.
Parimutuel Betting on Permutations
Authors: Shipra Agrawal, Zizhuo Wang, Yinyu Ye
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Internet and Network Economics (2008)

We focus on a permutation betting market under parimutuel call auction model where traders bet on final rankings of n candidates. We present a Proportional Betting mechanism for this market. Our mechanism allows traders to bet on any subset of the n 2 `candidate-rank' pairs, and rewards them proportionally to the number of pairs that appear in the final outcome. We show that market organizer's decision problem for this mechanism can be formulated as a convex program of polynomial size. Further, the formulation yields a set of n 2 unique marginal prices that are sufficient to price the bets in this mechanism, and are computable in polynomial-time. These marginal prices reflect the traders' beliefs about the marginal distributions over outcomes. More importantly, we propose techniques to compute the joint distribution over n! permutations from these marginal distributions. We show that using a maximum entropy criterion, we can obtain a concise parametric form (with only n 2 parameters) for the joint distribution which is defined over an exponentially large state space. We then present an approximation algorithm for computing the parameters of this distribution. In fact, our algorithm addresses a generic problem of finding the maximum entropy distribution over permutations that has a given mean, and is of independent interest.
Multichannel Linear Prediction Method Compliant with the MPEG-4 ALS
Authors: Yutaka Kamamoto, Noboru Harada, Takehiro Moriya
Venue: IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences (2008)

A new linear prediction analysis method for multichannel signals was devised, with the goal of enhancing the compression performance of the MPEG-4 Audio Lossless Coding (ALS) compliant encoder and decoder. The multichannel coding tool for this standard carries out an adaptively weighted subtraction of the residual signals of the coding channel from those of the reference channel, both of which are produced by independent linear prediction. Our linear prediction method tries to directly minimize the amplitude of the predicted residual signal after subtraction of the signals of the coding channel, and the method has been implemented in the MPEG-4 ALS codec software. The results of a comprehensive evaluation show that this method reduces the size of a compressed file. The maximum improvement of the compression ratio is 14.6% which is achieved at the cost of a small increase in computational complexity at the encoder and without increase in decoding time. This is a practical method because the compressed bitstream remains compliant with the MPEG-4 ALS standard.
Ultra low-power ANSI S1.11 filter bank for digital hearing aids
Authors: Yu-Ting Kuo, Tay-Jyi Lin, Yueh-Tai Li, Chou-Kun Lin, Chih-Wei Liu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference (2009)

This paper presents an ANSI S1.11-compliant filter bank for digital hearing aids, of which the power consumption is minimized through algorithmic, numerical and architectural optimizations. This filter bank has been implemented and fabricated using the TSMC 0.13&mu;m CMOS technology. The transistor-level simulations show that the power dissipation is only 79 &mu; W for 24KHz & 18-band audio processing.
Methodological Review: Cognitive and learning sciences in biomedical and health instructional design: A review with lessons for biomedical informatics education
Authors: Vimla L. Patel, Nicole A. Yoskowitz, Jose F. Arocha, Edward H. Shortliffe
Venue: Journal of Biomedical Informatics (2009)

Theoretical and methodological advances in the cognitive and learning sciences can greatly inform curriculum and instruction in biomedicine and also educational programs in biomedical informatics. It does so by addressing issues such as the processes related to comprehension of medical information, clinical problem-solving and decision-making, and the role of technology. This paper reviews these theories and methods from the cognitive and learning sciences and their role in addressing current and future needs in designing curricula, largely using illustrative examples drawn from medical education. The lessons of this past work are also applicable, however, to biomedical and health professional curricula in general, and to biomedical informatics training, in particular. We summarize empirical studies conducted over two decades on the role of memory, knowledge organization and reasoning as well as studies of problem-solving and decision-making in medical areas that inform curricular design. The results of this research contribute to the design of more informed curricula based on empirical findings about how people learn and think, and more specifically, how expertise is developed. Similarly, the study of practice can also help to shape theories of human performance, technology-based learning, and scientific and professional collaboration that extend beyond the domain of medicine. Just as biomedical science has revolutionized health care practice, research in the cognitive and learning sciences provides a scientific foundation for education in biomedicine, the health professions, and biomedical informatics.
Reducing Area Overhead for Error-Protecting Large L2/L3 Caches
Authors: Soontae Kim
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (2009)

Due to increasing concern about various errors, current processors adopt error protection mechanisms for their on-chip components. Especially, protecting caches in current processors incur as much as 12.5% area overhead due to error correcting codes. Considering large L2/L3 caches employed in current high-performance processors, the area overhead is very high and consumes a large number of on-chip transistors. As an attempt to reduce that overhead, this paper proposes an area-efficient error protection architecture for large L2/L3 caches. First, it selectively applies ECC (Error Correcting Code) to only dirty cache lines and other clean cache lines are protected by using simple parity check codes. Second, the dirty cache lines are periodically cleaned by exploiting the generational behavior of cache lines in order not to increase traffic to off-chip main memory. Experimental results show that the cleaning technique effectively reduces the number of dirty cache lines per cycle. The ECCs of the reduced dirty cache lines can be confined in a small ECC array or ECC cache. Our proposed error-protection architecture has been shown to reduce the area overhead of a 1MB L2 cache for error protection by 59% with less than 1% performance degradation, on the average, using SPEC2000 benchmarks running on a typical four-issue superscalar processor.
Fuzzy Logic Control on Smart Structure based on Optimal Placement of Piezoelectric Patch
Authors: Jingjun Zhang, Liya Cao, Weize Yuan, Ruizhen Gao
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Asia Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics (2009)

In order to reduce the vibration of smart structures, this paper gets the optimal location of piezoelectric patch by the D-optimal design principle, and then uses a fuzzy logic controller which was designed base on optimal fuzzy rules to control it. The D-optimal design principle is an optimization method which chosen by the maximum determinant of Fisher Information Matrix Criteria. Study on the mode shapes and dynamic characteristics of structure, and the mode shapes of selected structural are converted into unitary mode. In order to approach higher level of vibration control, piezoelectric patches are placed on the maximum mode strain locations of the structure. This paper designs a fuzzy logic controller with a new method which according to the analysis of the motion traits of the beam. The simuliation results show that this controller has more superiority than the ordinary controller.
Principal components analysis of nonstationary time series data
Authors: Joseph Ryan Lansangan, Erniel B. Barrios
Venue: Statistics and Computing (2009)

The effect of nonstationarity in time series columns of input data in principal components analysis is examined. Nonstationarity are very common among economic indicators collected over time. They are subsequently summarized into fewer indices for purposes of monitoring. Due to the simultaneous drifting of the nonstationary time series usually caused by the trend, the first component averages all the variables without necessarily reducing dimensionality. Sparse principal components analysis can be used, but attainment of sparsity among the loadings (hence, dimension-reduction is achieved) is influenced by the choice of parameter(s) (&lambda;1,i). Simulated data with more variables than the number of observations and with different patterns of cross-correlations and autocorrelations were used to illustrate the advantages of sparse principal components analysis over ordinary principal components analysis. Sparse component loadings for nonstationary time series data can be achieved provided that appropriate values of &lambda;1,j are used. We provide the range of values of &lambda;1,j that will ensure convergence of the sparse principal components algorithm and consequently achieve sparsity of component loadings.
Egypt: from e-government to e-governance the road to fast pace development
Authors: Ahmed M. Darwish
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance (2008)

Good governance is a pre-requisite to attracting investment which is a main element for high growth rate that is needed to create jobs and support the social programs. E-Governance is the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to support good governance. It moves beyond the traditional trend of 'IT in government' models to access information and services interactively. It allows the interactive participation in the decision making process. Emerging information and communication technologies made a significant contribution to the achievement of good governance. In this speech, HE Dr. Ahmed Darwish will present how the Government of Egypt moved forward to achieve good governance, and the role of ICT in this approach. The speech focuses on Egypt's good governance initiative and the E-government program as a tool for achieving E-governance.
On the improved Gauss-Seidel method for linear systems
Authors: Qingbing Liu
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd WSEAS international conference on Circuits, systems, signal and telecommunications (2009)

New convergence intervals of parameters αi are derived and applied for solving the modified systems, which enables a better understanding of how parameters should be chosen. The convergence theorem for H-matrix is given. Numerical examples are used to illustrate our results.
An expert system to classify microarray gene expression data using gene selection by decision tree
Authors: Jorng-Tzong Horng, Li-Cheng Wu, Baw-Juine Liu, Jun-Li Kuo, Wen-Horng Kuo, Jin-Jian Zhang
Venue: Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal (2009)

Gene selection can help the analysis of microarray gene expression data. However, it is very difficult to obtain a satisfactory classification result by machine learning techniques because of both the curse-of-dimensionality problem and the over-fitting problem. That is, the dimensions of the features are too large but the samples are too few. In this study, we designed an approach that attempts to avoid these two problems and then used it to select a small set of significant biomarker genes for diagnosis. Finally, we attempted to use these markers for the classification of cancer. This approach was tested the approach on a number of microarray datasets in order to demonstrate that it performs well and is both useful and reliable.
Dual P Systems
Authors: Oana Agrigoroaiei, Gabriel Ciobanu
Venue: Membrane Computing: 9th International Workshop, WMC 2008, Edinburgh, UK, July 28-31, 2008, Revised Selected and Invited Papers (2009)

This paper aims to answer the following question: given a P system configuration M, how do we find each configuration N such that N evolves to M in one step? While easy to state, the problem has not a simple answer. To provide a solution to this problem for a general class of P systems with simple communication rules and without dissolution, we introduce the dual P systems. Essentially these systems reverse the rules of the initial P system and find N by applying reversely valid multisets of rules. We prove that in this way we find exactly those configurations N which evolve to M in one step.
System modeling for the impact of global warming on equity price
Authors: Dan Xiao, Zhe Zhang, Huaiqing Wang, Liyuan Wei, Shanshan Wang, Jian Jiang
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th WSEAS international conference on Computers (2008)

Global warming and the equity price movement are two hot research topics in the geography and financial area separately. However, few researchers have been done on revealing the relationship between global warming and equity price. The aim of this paper is to model the relationship between global warming and trend of equity price in different industries in financial market, by using ontology and causal map. This paper systematically handles the knowledge about the impact of global warming on financial market. It helps build trading models based on global warming effects on equity price. And it helps design and develops systems in this domain.
Coordinated management of hardware and software self-adaptivity
Authors: Onur Derin, Alberto Ferrante, Antonio Vincenzo Taddeo
Venue: Journal of Systems Architecture: the EUROMICRO Journal (2009)

Self-adaptivity is the capability of a system to adapt itself dynamically to achieve its goals. Self-adaptive systems will be widely used in the future both to efficiently use system resources and to ease the management of complex systems. The frameworks for self-adaptivity developed so far usually concentrate either on self-adaptive software or on self-adaptive hardware, but not both. In this paper, we propose a model of self-adaptive systems and we describe how to manage self-adaptivity at all levels (both hardware and software) by means of a decentralized control algorithm. The key advantage of decentralized control is in the simplicity of the local controllers. Simulation results are provided to show the main characteristics of the model and to discuss it.
On the influence of imputation in classification: practical issues
Authors: Eduardo R. Hruschka, Antonio J. T. Garcia, Estevam R. Hruschka,  Jr, Nelson F. F. Ebecken
Venue: Journal of Experimental Theoretical Artificial Intelligence (2009)

The substitution of missing values, also called imputation, is an important data preparation task for many domains. Ideally, the substitution of missing values should not insert biases into the dataset. This aspect has been usually assessed by some measures of the prediction capability of imputation methods. Such measures assume the simulation of missing entries for some attributes whose values are actually known. These artificially missing values are imputed and then compared with the original values. Although this evaluation is useful, it does not allow the influence of imputed values in the ultimate modelling task (e.g. in classification) to be inferred. We argue that imputation cannot be properly evaluated apart from the modelling task. Thus, alternative approaches are needed. This article elaborates on the influence of imputed values in classification. In particular, a practical procedure for estimating the inserted bias is described. As an additional contribution, we have used such a procedure to empirically illustrate the performance of three imputation methods (majority, naive Bayes and Bayesian networks) in three datasets. Three classifiers (decision tree, naive Bayes and nearest neighbours) have been used as modelling tools in our experiments. The achieved results illustrate a variety of situations that can take place in the data preparation practice.
Stereo camera based real-time human torso pose detection
Authors: Sewoong Jun
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th conference on Signal processing, computational geometry and artificial vision (2008)

This paper presents a new real-time system to acquire pose information of human torso such as body, arm and head. The system does not need any visual marker or device to wear on human body and adopted stereo camera to obtain robust system against for illumination and complex background without position initialization of articulated objects. We present a solution to estimate self-occluded body objects when human model behaves normal action towards the camera. The main idea of the solution is to apply a component labeling techniques on sliced disparity map, and found the arm position when the arm is located in front of basis distance of body and we could also found arm location when the arm is located on the basis distance with Morphological methods. From this method, we can obtain the Torso shape considering self-occlusion. It is simple and fast in comparison with other methods which satisfy real-time performance and accuracy of object tracking at the same time. Furthermore, the method has not boost-trapping problems, it makes the system can work without initialization in the starting. As the result of experiments, we obtained the reliable motion data of articulated object motion under various costume and body type of models.