ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Combining Web Services and Multi-Agent Technology to Increase Web Cooperative Capacities
Authors: Nicolas Singer, Jean-Marie Pecatte, Sylvie Trouilhet
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Internet and Web Applications and Services (2007)

Web services are an efficient way to implement Multi-agent Systems (MAS) on the Internet and such systems are particularly adequate for developing and deploying cooperative services. MAS are open systems, with agents that can be added, removed or modified at any moment. They can support large scale net applications with no global vision of the situation. In this paper, we present a Web services architecture that permits the deployment of a multi-agent cooperative navigation system called Mawa. At the beginning it is only composed of an assistant and a connector; the number of agents grow because agents are able to reorganize and restructure information. Firstly, we present the functionalities of Mawa and our model of agents: we considered the Web as a cooperative environment for information retrieval. Then, we describe the agents' behaviours, the system dynamic and the Web service interfaces of our agents.
A critical analysis of the council of Europe recommendations on e-voting
Authors: Margaret McGaley, J. Paul Gibson
Venue: Proceedings of the USENIX/Accurate Electronic Voting Technology Workshop 2006 on Electronic Voting Technology Workshop (2006)

In September 2004, the Council of Europe's Committee of Ministers officially adopted a set of standards recommended by the Multidisciplinary Ad Hoc Group of Specialists on legal, operational and technical standards for e-enabled voting [7]. This paper puts the standards in their historical context, examines them according to established software engineering principles, and finally suggests how they could be restructured.
Open Source Physics Curricular Material for Quantum Mechanics
Authors: Mario Belloni, Wolfgang Christian, Douglas Brown
Venue: Computing in Science and Engineering (2007)

Much of the difficulty in learning advanced concepts in quantum mechanics comes from trying to visualize abstract problems. This article addresses the situation with interactive curricular material created as part of the Open Source Physics project. In particular, the authors focus on the measurement and time evolution of two-state superpositions in the context of bound states and spin.
Improving n-gram models by incorporating enhanced distributions
Authors: P. O'Boyle, J. Ming, J. McMahon, F. J. Smith
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 01 (1996)

Two methods of improving conventional n-gram statistical language models are examined. The first involves using a new set of n-gram statistics that attempt to improve the ability of a system to identify phrases correctly. The second involves replacing the maximum likelihood unigram component with an optimised distribution. We test these approaches by incorporating them into weighted average [1] and deleted estimate [2] language models trained on a large newspaper corpus. The improvements lead to a reduction in perplexity of 4.5% and 4.9% respectively for these models.
The Pragmatics of Current E-Learning Standards
Authors: Vladan Devedzic, Jelena Jovanovic, Dragan Gasevic
Venue: IEEE Internet Computing (2007)

Experience with building distance learning applications shows that a clear understanding of the big picture of standardization in this area is a necessary prerequisite for successful use of standards in practical developments. This article presents e-learning standards, standardization activities and organizations, standards-based development practices, and driving forces for improving existing standards and developing new ones. With these resources, educators and Web-based education system developers will have the tips necessary to approach, implement, and reuse a standards-based distance-learning application.
The Mediating Role of Knowledge Management in Translating the Firm's Learning Orientation and Market Orientation to Business Performance
Authors: David Di Zhang, Subramanian Sivaramakrishnan, Marjorie Delbaere, Edward R. Bruning
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (2007)

Knowledge management, market orientation, and learning orientation have all been considered important success factors to a firm's performance. Using data gathered from 307 managers in 105 organizations across Canada, this study develops and empirically tests a model that demonstrates that a firm's knowledge management mediates the positive influences from the firm's learning orientation and market orientation to market performance. The model highlights the important role played by knowledge management in translating organizational culture factors such as learning and market orientations to tangible business performance.
Acceptable use policies and electronic mail: what are the frontiers?
Authors: B. M. Olds
Venue: Proceedings of the 30th Annual Frontiers in Education - Volume 02 (2000)

Many colleges and universities have developed acceptable use policies (AUPs) governing the use of the Internet by their students and staff. These policies range from very general to very specific, but most are a mixture of the two. AUPs provide a fertile ground for exploring such topics as first amendment rights, ethics, and privacy issues with our students. Most faculty and students today accept e-mail as a fact of daily life. As use of the Internet and e-mail booms, colleges and universities are struggling to develop acceptable use policies (AUPs) that are broad enough to cover offences not yet conceived of but narrow enough to cover specific issues. I discuss a variety of AUPs I have examined from institutions ranging from small, private engineering schools to large research universities.
Dynamic vehicle routing using genetic algorithms
Authors: Franklin T. Hanshar, Beatrice M. Ombuki-Berman
Venue: Applied Intelligence (2007)

Many difficult combinatorial optimization problems have been modeled as static problems. However, in practice, many problems are dynamic and changing, while some decisions have to be made before all the design data are known. For example, in the Dynamic Vehicle Routing Problem (DVRP), new customer orders appear over time, and new routes must be reconfigured while executing the current solution. Montemanni et al. [1] considered a DVRP as an extension to the standard vehicle routing problem (VRP) by decomposing a DVRP as a sequence of static VRPs, and then solving them with an ant colony system (ACS) algorithm.This paper presents a genetic algorithm (GA) methodology for providing solutions for the DVRP model employed in [1]. The effectiveness of the proposed GA is evaluated using a set of benchmarks found in the literature. Compared with a tabu search approach implemented herein and the aforementioned ACS, the proposed GA methodology performs better in minimizing travel costs.
Generation of Group Key Using Enhanced One Way Function Tree Group Rekey Protocol
Authors: B. Parvatha Varthini, S. Valli
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computing: Theory and Applications (2007)

Group communication is the basis for many multimedia and web applications. The group key management is a critical problem in a large dynamic group. All group rekeying protocols incur communication and computation overhead at the Group Key Controller and at the group members. EOFT (enhanced One way Function Tree) approach uses the CRT tuples of smaller remainders instead of keys of larger bits. EOFT reduces the overall computational and the communication rekeying overhead. This work computes the group key using EOFT with actual numeric values for the keys of the group members. Any computation of the keys is carried out in parallel on their CRT remainders. This work proves that the time complexity of CRT conversion is a negligible one compared to that of the cryptographic functions.
Accreditation visit [electrical engineering education]
Authors: J. A. Orr
Venue: Proceedings of the 30th Annual Frontiers in Education - Volume 01 (2000)

The electrical engineering program at Worcester Polytechnic Institute was evaluated by ABET under the Engineering Criteria 2000 Pilot Visit program in the fall of 1996. The paper reviews the current status of implementation of the outcome based EE curriculum at WPI and highlights some specific means of conducting assessment of educational outcomes of our courses. This ongoing assessment plan is critical to preparations for the next ABET EC2000 visit in the fall of 2002.
Speculative optimization using hardware-monitored guarded regions for java virtual machines
Authors: Lixin Su, Mikko H. Lipasti
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Virtual execution environments (2007)

Aggressive dynamic optimization in high-performance Java Virtual Machines can be hampered by language features like Java's exception model, which requires precise detection and handling of program-generated exceptions. Furthermore, the compile-time overhead of guaranteeing correctness of code transformations precludes many effective optimizations from consideration. This paper describes a novel approach for circumventing the optimization-crippling effects of exception semantics and streamlining the implementation of aggressive optimizations at run time. Under a hardware-software hybrid model, the runtime system delineates guarded regions of code and specifies a contract--in the simplest case, one that requires exception-free execution--that must be adhered to in order to ensure that the aggressively optimized code within that region will behave as the programmer expects. The contracted runtime condition is assumed to be true, and code within a guarded region is aggressively optimized based on this assumption. Hardware monitors for exceptions throughout the region execution, and undoes the effects of the guarded region if an exception occurs, re-executing the region with a conventionally optimized version. Since exceptions are very rare, code can be optimized as if optimization-crippling conditions did not exist, leading to compile time reduction, code quality improvement, and potential performance improvement up to 67.7% and averaging 15.9% in our limit study of a set of Java benchmarks.
Why events are a bad idea (for high-concurrency servers)
Authors: Rob von Behren, Jeremy Condit, Eric Brewer
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th conference on Hot Topics in Operating Systems - Volume 9 (2003)

Event-based programming has been highly touted in recent years as the best way to write highly concurrent applications. Having worked on several of these systems, we now believe this approach to be a mistake. Specifically, we believe that threads can achieve all of the strengths of events, including support for high concurrency, low overhead, and a simple concurrency model. Moreover, we argue that threads allow a simpler and more natural programming style. We examine the claimed strengths of events over threads and show that the weaknesses of threads are artifacts of specific threading implementations and not inherent to the threading paradigm. As evidence, we present a user-level thread package that scales to 100,000 threads and achieves excellent performance in a web server. We also refine the duality argument of Lauer and Needham, which implies that good implementations of thread systems and event systems will have similar performance. Finally, we argue that compiler support for thread systems is a fruitful area for future research. It is a mistake to attempt high concurrency without help from the compiler, and we discuss several enhancements that are enabled by relatively simple compiler changes.
Experimental investigations into the feasibility of using augmented walking to facilitate the intuitive exploration of large scale immersive virtual environments
Authors: Victoria Interrante, Lee Anderson, Brian Ries, Eleanor O'Rourke, Leanne Gray
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th symposium on Applied perception in graphics and visualization (2007)

Through the use of Immersive Virtual Environments (IVE) technology, we seek to enable participants to experience a computer-represented environment in the same way as they would if it were actually real. Although the state of the technology is not sufficient, at present, to mimic the experience of reality with such fidelity as to raise ambiguity in peoples' minds about whether the environment that they are immersed in is real or virtual, there are many indications that IVEs in their present state can be successfully used as a substitute for real environments for many purposes, including job training, psychotherapy and social psychology. Much recent and historical research in the field of virtual reality (VR) has focused on the question of how much and what type of fidelity (visual, auditory, haptic, proprioceptive, etc.) we need to maintain between a virtual and real experience in order to enable participants to achieve similar results from their VR experience as they would in reality.
Universal informatics: building cyberinfrastructure, interoperating the geosciences
Authors: Steven Epstein, Geoffrey C. Bowker
Venue:  (2006)

The creation of cyberinfrastructure is an ambitious U.S. endeavour to build large-scale information infrastructure for the sciences. Dubbed 'revolutionary' by their advocates, cyberinfrastructure names the goal of building a unified information substrate to 'interoperate the sciences' and promote multidisciplinary research collaborations. This dissertation is based on a three-year ethnography of one such emergent infrastructure project: GEON, the geosciences network. I identify, as a principal research object, the logic of interoperability : an emerging set of techniques and technologies which seek to preserve the specificities of heterogeneous sciences while linking them. In principle standardization offers the benefit of making possible communication, data sharing and integrated computing systems; however, in practice such projects often fail or generate substantial opposition. I argue that the logic of interoperability seeks to blunt the politics of standardization while retaining its enabling properties. Rather than erasing disciplinary difference interoperability calls for the sciences to be known and mapped in order to make possible an automated crossing. In this vision, the specificity of the sciences are preserved while domains are linked through relations of mediation. Drawing from research in Science and Technology Studies and the methodologies of actor-network theory and ethnomethodology, I trace the enactment of the logic of interoperability in GEON at three scales of action: institutional, organizational, and technical. At each scale I sustain a focus on the material and organizing practices of members as they work to interoperate the earth sciences. At the institutional scale there is a growing impetus and increasingly sophisticated skill-set for the arrangement of multidisciplinary collaborations of domain and computer science. At the organizational scale new methods for constructing large-scale umbrella infrastructures are being invented. At the technical scale a set of technologies of interoperability are under development which seek to automate translations of the data, language, concepts, and knowledge of science itself. Together these point to a mounting confluence of efforts at interoperability seeking a 'revolution' of science at all scales of action and positing a new model of governance for science.
Experimental comparison of macro and micro scale electromagnetic vibration powered generators
Authors: S. P. Beeby, M. J. Tudor, R. N. Torah, S. Roberts, T. O&#x2019;Donnell, S. Roy
Venue: Microsystem Technologies (2007)

Electromagnetic vibration powered generators convert kinetic energy present in the application environment into electric energy. Such generators may be used as an alternative power supply to batteries in wireless sensor systems enabling indefinite and maintenance free operation. This paper presents an experimental comparison between macro and micro scale electromagnetic generators based upon an identical magnetic circuit and explores the influence of size on the performance and behaviour of these devices. The large scale traditionally fabricated generator exhibits the highest power density of 2615&#x00a0;nW/mm3 compared to the microgenerator power density of 47&#x00a0;nW/mm3. The macro scale device achieves the optimum damping conditions where electromagnetic damping equals parasitic damping. The level of electromagnetic damping in the micro scale generator is an order of magnitude less than the parasitic damping due to reduced electromagnetic coupling. This comparison highlights the challenges involved in scaling electromagnetic devices down in size.
Artificial Intelligence and learning, epistemological perspectives
Authors: C. T. A. Schmidt
Venue: AI Society (2007)

In this article, I establish a theory of knowledge approach for evaluating the use of computers for educational purposes at the university. In so doing, I trace part of the history of the &#x201c;enabling factor&#x201d; of Artificial Intelligence in this sector, an important element that has been integrated into everyday learning environments. The result of my reflection is a dialogical structure, directly inspired by past technology assessment research, which illustrates the conceptual advancement of researchers in the field of learning technologies. The notions covered have implications in future policy-related discourse with regards to education.
Mutatis Mutandis: Safe and predictable dynamic software updating
Authors: Gareth Stoyle, Michael Hicks, Gavin Bierman, Peter Sewell, Iulian Neamtiu
Venue: ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems (TOPLAS) (2007)

This article presents Proteus, a core calculus that models dynamic software updating, a service for fixing bugs and adding features to a running program. Proteus permits a program's type structure to change dynamically but guarantees the updated program remains type-correct by ensuring a property we call con-freeness. We show how con-freeness can be enforced dynamically, and how it can be approximated via a novel static analysis. This analysis can be used to assess the implications of a program's structure on future updates in order to make update success more predictable. We have implemented Proteus for C, and briefly discuss our implementation which we have tested on several well-known programs.
Spectral estimation based on structured low rank matrix pencil
Authors: J. Razavilar
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 05 (1996)

This paper proposes a new parameter estimation algorithm for damped sinusoidal signals. Parameter estimation for damped sinusoidal signals with additive white noise is a problem of significant interest in many signal processing applications, like analysis of NMR data and system identification. The new algorithm estimates the signal parameters using a matrix pencil constructed from the measured data. To reduce the noise effect, a rank deficient Hankel approximation of the prediction matrix is used. The performance of the new algorithm is significantly improved by structured low rank approximation of the prediction matrix. Computer simulations show that the noise threshold of the new algorithm is significantly better than the existing algorithms.
The fast neural network solution for problems based on slow genetic algorithm solutions
Authors: Yan Wang, Yilong Lu
Venue: Proceedings of the Evolutionary Computation on 2002. CEC '02. Proceedings of the 2002 Congress - Volume 02 (2002)

This paper presents a study of using radial basis function neural network, that is trained by a finite number of off-line slow genetic algorithm solutions, for infinite number of fast approximate solutions. This approach makes powerful yet slow genetic algorithm solutions possible for real time problems.
STEFAL: A System Level Temperature- and Floorplan-Aware Leakage Power Estimator for SoCs
Authors: Aseem Gupta, Nikil D. Dutt, Fadi J. Kurdahi, Kamal S. Khouri, Magdy S. Abadir
Venue: Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on VLSI Design held jointly with 6th International Conference: Embedded Systems (2007)

In this paper we demonstrate the impact of the floorplan on the temperature-dependent leakage power of a System on Chip (SoC). We propose a novel system level temperature aware and floorplan aware leakage power estimator, STEFAL, which considers both the floorplan of the SoC and the cycle-by-cycle dynamic power behavior while estimating the leakage power. We implemented our estimation methodology on ten industrial SoC designs from Freescale Semiconductor Inc. and observed up to a 190% difference in the leakage power between various floorplans, clearly showing the importance of considering the floorplans and the temperature profile during leakage power estimation.
The effect of corpus size in combining supervised and unsupervised training for disambiguation
Authors: Michaela Atterer, Hinrich Schütze
Venue: Proceedings of the COLING/ACL on Main conference poster sessions (2006)

We investigate the effect of corpus size in combining supervised and unsupervised learning for two types of attachment decisions: relative clause attachment and prepositional phrase attachment. The supervised component is Collins' parser, trained on the Wall Street Journal. The unsupervised component gathers lexical statistics from an unannotated corpus of newswire text. We find that the combined system only improves the performance of the parser for small training sets. Surprisingly, the size of the unannotated corpus has little effect due to the noisiness of the lexical statistics acquired by unsupervised learning.
Comparison of MACLAW with several attribute selection methods for classification in hyperspectral images
Authors: Alexandre Blansche, Annett Wania, Pierre Gancarski
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Data Mining - Workshops (2006)

MACLAW is a clustering algorithm with local attribute weighting performed through cooperative coevolution. In this paper, we will compare the attributes weights obtained by MACLAW with several relevance indices for band selection on DAIS remotely sensed image which registers spectral object information in 79 bands of at least 2 nm. MACLAW capacities are also assessed by comparing its results to a supervised classification method for feature extraction proposed by the software ENVI (RSI Inc.). The MACLAW results are satisfying. Classification results are similar to the results of the supervised method. Supervised classification results are slightly improved using only a feature subset identified by MACLAW.