ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
GSM and UMTS: The Creation of Global Mobile Communication
Authors: Friedhelm Hillebrand
Venue:  (2002)

:GSM (Global System for Mobile communication) provides a service to more than 500 million users throughout 168 countries worldwide. It is the world market leader serving 69 0f all mobile digital users and is currently evolving into UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System).By describing the critical decisions and the phases of the development this key text explains how the GSM initiative became a success in Europe and how it evolved to the global mobile communication system. Initially the strategy and technical specifications were agreed for Europe and the subsequent evolution to a global solution was achieved by incorporating all non-European requirements and by inviting all committed parties worldwide to participate. The process started in 1982 and the first GSM networks went into commercial service in 1992. The first UMTS networks are expected in 2002 and the fourth generation discussions have begun.Presents a complete technical history of the development of GSM and the early evolution to UMTSClarifies the creation of the initial GSM second generation system in CEPT GSM, the evolution to a generation 2.5 system in ETSI SMG and the evolution to the Third Generation (UMTS) in ETSI SMG and 3GPPCovers all of the services and system features together with the working methods and organisational aspectsGSM and UMTS provides an interesting and informative read and will appeal to everyone involved in the mobile communications market needing to know how GSM and UMTS technologies evolved.The accompanying CD-ROM provides nearly 500 reference documents including reports of all standardisation plenary meetings, strategy documents, key decisions, the GSM Memorandum of Understanding and the report of the UMTS Task Force.
Wigner distributions (nearly) everywhere: time-frequency analysis of signals, systems, random processes, signal spaces, and frames
Authors: Gerald Matz, Franz Hlawatsch
Venue: Signal Processing (2003)

The Wigner distribution (WD) is perhaps the most prominent quadratic time-frequency signal representation. In this paper, which has mainly tutorial character but also contains some new results, we describe extensions of the WD concept to multidimensional vector signals, nonstationary random processes, linear time-varying systems (deterministic and random), linear signal spaces, and frames. We discuss the interpretation and properties of these WD extensions and various relations connecting them. Some application examples are also provided.
Acquisition of ERA models from data intensive code
Authors: Hongji Yang, K. Bennett
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Software Maintenance (1995)

We describe a solution to the acquisition of entity relationship attribute (ERA) diagrams from data-intensive source code. In such programs, relationships between data items are often represented within imperative code, as well as within data structures, and we show that reverse engineering can be improved if both are used. This distinguishes our work from others in the field. Our method is based on formal transformations. We identify imperative constructs which improve the high-level ERA models that it is possible to capture. Suitable transformations are then briefly summarised. A series of experiments with industrial COBOL programs is described. Our results show that code-embedded relations can usefully be incorporated into data intensive reverse engineering, and enhance the designs extracted.
Making Use of PHP
Authors: Ashok Appu
Venue:  (2002)

:Originally developed as a means to track Web site visitors, PHP is rapidly becoming the most widely used Web scripting language. The latest version, PHP 4, is faster and more powerful than its predecessors, while still being far easier to learn than Perl or JavaScript. Anyone with experience in HTML coding can get started with PHP, but really tapping its power requires guidance, and this book is the foremost resource you'll need to quickly acquire the expertise to fully exploit the possibilities of PHP. Ashok Appu has packed this indispensable guide with real-world examples and advice on how to move beyond those samples to tackle specific tasks. In addition, end-of-chapter reviews and exercises will get you quickly up to speed to learn how PHP is also useful in other server-side development and administration tasks and site administration.
Miscomputing ratio: social cost of selfish computing
Authors: Kate Larson, Tuomas Sandholm
Venue: Proceedings of the second international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems (2003)

Auctions are useful mechanism for allocating items (goods, tasks, resources, etc.) in multiagent systems. The bulk of auction theory assumes that the bidders' valuations for items are given a priori. However, in many applications the bidders need to expend significant computational effort to determine their valuations. We introduce a way of measuring the negative impact of agents choosing computing strategies selfishly. Our miscomputing ratio isolates the effect of selfish computing from that of selfish bidding. We present a Bayes-Nash equilibrium analysis of a Vickrey auction where the bidders' strategies include computational actions. This equilibrium analysis allows us to predict the overhead caused by miscomputing, as measured by the miscomputing ratio. We show that in some situations, the outcome can be arbitrarily far from optimal. However, by carefully designing cost functions for agents, it is possible to provide incentives for bidders to choose computing policies that result in optimal social welfare.
On Some Aspects of the Deligne&ndash;Simpson Problem
Authors: V. P. Kostov
Venue: Journal of Dynamical and Control Systems (2003)

The Deligne-Simpson problem in the multiplicative version is formulated as follows: give necessary and sufficient conditions for the choice of the conjugacy classes Cj &epsi; GL(n, \Bbb C), so that there exist irreducible (p + 1)-tuples of matrices Mj &epsi; Cj satisfying the equality M1 . . . Mp+1 &equals; I.We solve the problem for generic eigenvalues in the case where all the numbers &sum;j,m(&sigma;) of Jordan blocks of a given matrix Mj with a given eigenvalue &sigma; and of a given size m (taken over all j, &sigma;, and m) are divisible by d > 1. Generic eigenvalues are defined by explicit algebraic inequalities of the form a &ne; 0. For such eigenvalues there exist no reducible (p + 1)-tuples.The matrices Mj are interpreted as monodromy operators of regular linear systems on the Riemann sphere.
A note on the de Rham complex and a discrete compactness property
Authors: Daniele Boffi
Venue:  (1999)

The aim of this paper is to review the mathematical analysis of the eigenvalue problem associated with the Maxwell''s system. Our analysis is quite general and can be applied to several families of edge finite element methods. Moreover we discuss the links between different conditions that guarantee the good approximations of the eigensolutions. In particular we prove that the commutativity of the de Rham complex implies the discrete compactness introduced by Kikuchi and show that the discrete compactness property is equivalent, in this framework, to the existence of a Fortin operator which converges in norm to the identity. EMAIL:: boffi@dimat.unipv.it KEYWORDS:: Finite elements, discrete compactness, eigenvalue problems, electromagnetism
Quantitative Evaluation of the SPICE,CMM, IS0 9000 and BOOTSTRAP
Authors: Y. Wang, I. Court, M. Ross, G. Staples, G. King, A. Dorling
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd International Software Engineering Standards Symposium (ISESS '97) (1997)

This paper comparatively analyses the current models for software process assessment and improvement (SPA/SPI) e.g., SPICE, CMM, ISO 9000 and BOOTSTRAP. The configuration of the sample spaces and the partially overlapped fundamental process activities defined in the four models are quantitatively analysed and contrasted. The features, orientation, profile and correlation in the software process capability determination frameworks of the current models are comparatively evaluated. The analysis results provide the software development organisations with a complete and objective view of the strengths, weaknesses and interrelationships of these four SPA/SPI models, so the most appropriate models can be chosen for their crucial long-term SPA/SPI pursuit.
An Objective Measure of Digital System Design Quality
Authors: Dave Protheroe, Francesco Pessolano
Venue: Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Quality of Electronic Design (2000)

This paper proposes a method for defining the quality of a digital system in terms of measurable parameters of both the specification and a subsequent implementation of the design. Initially, software quality metrics are reviewed together with their application to hardware description languages. Metrics relating to circuit implementations are then discussed, such as device and testing costs, reliability, etc. A set of metrics are then proposed and evaluated for a range of VHDL specifications and the circuits resulting from logic synthesis. Initial results indicate that there is a strong correlation between specification and circuit metrics, so that their ratio may be used as a measure of design quality. Further work is proposed in order to validate the measure over a larger number of examples.
AI tools in scheduling problem solving: a solver based on a ``well-behaved" restriction of TCSPs
Authors: Said Belhadji, Amar Isli
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence (1996)

The aim of the paper is to describe a temporal constraint-based solver for (job shop) scheduling problems. The heart of the solver is a ``well-behaved" restriction of the framework of TCSPs defined by Dechter, Meiri and Pearl: the restriction is an algebra and expresses convex constraints or unions of two such constraints. We give a general description of the solver and show its completeness.
Navigation-Dependent Visualization of Distributed Internet Structures
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Visualisation (2000)

Posing questions to search machines as Alta Vista can do search in the Internet. On the other hand, it is possible to browse through the space of connected information objects. When browsing the problem arises that, the user usually has no special knowledge of the structure of the visited hypertext area he is looking at. It may happen that he looses the orientation, and ¿gets lost in hyper-space¿.This article presents a software architecture that provides a visitor of a limited, distributed Internet area with additional structure information depending on his individual navigation path. The knowledge of the local hyper-media area is made available by a server program and passed on to a visualization tool working in a frame of the client's Internet browser. This tool is loaded automatically from the server as a Java applet. By communication with the server, the visualization tool remains active throughout the navigation process and can be updated automatically.
Sudden bed changes and wave-current interactions in coastal regions
Authors: J. S. Antunes Do Carmo, F. J. Seabra-Santos, P. Amado-Mendes
Venue: Advances in Engineering Software (2002)

Mean bottom evolutions due to currents and wind waves, even due to wave-current interactions, are easily computed by averaging mean quantities over one or more wave cycles. However, dealing with fine processes, like breaking waves and bar formations in coastal regions, great quantities of sediment are transported and, as a consequence, considerable erosion and deposition can occur quite rapidly. Other phenomena normally associated with earthquakes, like volcanic eruptions, landslides, etc. occur frequently in various coastal regions of the terrestrial globe. Those problems can only be tackled by using a more complete set of equations with improved wave dispersion characteristics, and taking into account time-bed-level changes. Other characteristic non-linearity phenomena in shallow water regions and wave-current interaction become important factors that have to be considered. From the sedimentary point of view, particularly in terms of the wave and current fields, it is not known whether the existing sand transport models are generally valid.The applicability of a computational structure, based on extended Boussinesq-type equations, and two existing sediment transport models are discussed and confirmed through published data. Numerical results obtained at Ria Formosa, Algarve, in the ambit of the European Union INDIA Project are shown.
On Axiomatization of Conditional Entropy of Functions Between Finite Sets
Authors: Szymon Jaroszewicz, Dan A. Simovici
Venue: Proceedings of the Twenty Ninth IEEE International Symposium on Multiple-Valued Logic (1999)

In this paper we present a new axiomatization of the notion of entropy of functions between finite sets and we introduce and axiomatize the notion of conditional entropy between functions. The results can be directly applied to logic functions, which can be regarded as functions between finite sets. Our axiomatizations are based on properties of entropy with regard to operations commonly applied to discrete functions and are related to the usage of entropy as a measure of the energy dissipated by circuits that implement discrete functions.
On a Statistical Fault Diagnosis Approach Enabling Fast Yield Ramp-Up
Authors: Camelia Hora, Rene Segers, Stefan Eichenberger, Maurice Lousberg
Venue: Journal of Electronic Testing: Theory and Applications (2003)

The ability to achieve and maintain high yield levels is directly dependent on the capability to detect and analyze repetitive failure mechanisms. In this paper, an advanced statistical diagnosis method, using the final wafer test results, is presented. The new method builds on an existing full diagnosis method, and studies the adaptations needed to turn it into an effective and efficient on-line statistical diagnosis approach. The output of the new approach is a (limited) list of suspect locations, which acts as input for further statistical and physical analysis. The experiments performed show the efficiency as well as the limitations of the proposed approach.
Solving Alignment using Elementary Linear Algebra
Authors: David Bau, Induprakas Kodukula, Vladimir Kotlyar, Keshav Pingali, Paul Stodghill
Venue:  (1995)

Data and computation alignment is an important part of compiling sequential programs to architectures with non-uniform memory access times. In this paper, we show that elementary matrix methods can be used to determine communication-free alignment of code and data. We also solve the problem of replicating read-only data to eliminate communication. Our matrix-based approach leads to algorithms which are simpler and faster than existing algorithms for the alignment problem.
Multithreaded Languages for Scientific and Technical Computing
Authors: Cherri M. Pancake
Venue:  (1992)

To attract more technical programmers to high-performance computing platforms, vendors have developed programming language extensions designed to exploit parallel processors. This article provides an overview of language support for parallel technical computing. It describes the rationale for multithreaded languages, in which the programmer explicitly specifies what work is to be carried out by multiple processors and how their activities should be coordinated. Discussion begins with an introduction to the general models for manipulating multiple threads and how they are incorporated into program languages. This is followed by sections describing the wide variety of features for creating multiple threads, scheduling their execution, synchronizing their activities, and sharing data among them. Examples in a simplified, Fortran-like notation accompany the text. A separate section summarizes how the language features are currently distributed among commercial compiler implementations. Some less traditional approaches to multithreaded language support are then presented to provide a glimpse at what might be expected in future languages and compilers. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Multi-methodology design: an experimental comparison
Authors: R. Prasad, H. Kobayashi
Venue: Proceedings of the 1996 IEEE International Verilog HDL Conference (IVC '96) (1996)

The paper presents a multi-methodology design process model incorporating multiple design approaches. Design productivity is quantified by measuring effort (time) required for various activities in HDL-based design. An experimental comparison is carried out to measure time required for various activities involved in textual HDL-based design and multi-methodology design. We also discuss factors influencing design productivity in multi-methodology design and merits of using multiple design approaches for integrated system design. It is shown that use of multi-methodology design, with or without design reuse, contributes towards enhanced design productivity achieving time-to-marker savings.
The Effects of LAN-like Input Traffic on a Switch Access Node
Authors: Ricardo M. Fricks (Supported in part by a. GTE fellowship)
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd International Computer Performance and Dependability Symposium (IPDS '96) (1996)

This paper addresses the modeling and analysis of a switching network access node. This is an area of importance due to forthcoming high-speed ATM backbone networks and the need to transmit data for current and future network applications. The nature of these applications must be considered when designing an access node to a switching network. A traffic arrival process for the network and characteristics of the access node are combined into an access node performance model. This model is implemented using Deterministic and Stochastic Petri Nets (DSPNs) which provides transitions with zero and deterministic firing times, as well as, exponentially distributed firing times, thus allowing the slotted behavior of the ATM interface to be captured in the model. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
An On-line Repository for Embedded Software
Authors: I-Ling Yen, Latifur Khan, Balakrishnan Prabhakaran, Farokh B. Bastani, John Linn
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence (2001)

The use of off-the-shelf components (COTS) can significantly reduce the time and cost of developing large-scale software systems. However, there are some difficult problems with the component-based approach. First, the developers have to be able to effectively retrieve components. This requires the developers to have an extensive knowledge of available components and how to retrieve them. After identifying the components, the developers also face a steep learning curve to master the use of these components. We are developing an On-line Repository for Embedded Software (ORES) to facilitate component management and retrieval.In this paper, we address the issues of designing software repository systems to assist users in obtaining appropriate components and learning to understand and use the components efficiently. We use an ontology to construct an abstract view of the organization of the components in ORES. The ontology structure facilitates repository browsing and effective sea rch. We also develop a set of tools to assist with component comprehension, including a tutorial manager and a component explorer.
An Event-Aware Model for Metadata Interoperability
Authors: Carl Lagoze, Jane Hunter, Dan Brickley
Venue:  (2000)

We describe the ABC modeling work of the Harmony Project. The ABC model provides a foundation for understanding interoperability of individual metadata modules as described in the Warwick Framework and for developing mechanisms to translate among them. Of particular interest in this model is an event, which facilitates understanding of the lifecycle of resources and the association of metadata descriptions with points in this lifecycle.
The Next War Zone: Confronting the Global Threat of Cyberterrorism
Authors: James F. Dunnigan
Venue:  (2003)

:In this chilling, dramatic account, military expert and on-air analyst James F. Dunnigan sounds the alarm on what could be the nation's next surprise attack -- a cyber Pearl Harbor just waiting to happen. Every day, there are warnings of computer viruses and Internet weaknesses with the potential to shut down whole systems and disrupt our society. Most are the work of amateur hackers. But consider also the super zombies, military grade computer weapons being created by government cyberwar units. Virtually undetectable, they have the power to destroy everything, lethally spread via the Internet, and "hide" on home computers waiting to be unleashed.
Design and Implementation of a Distributed X-Multiplexor
Authors: Alan T. Krantz, Sarah E. Chodrow, Michael D. Hirsch, Injong Rhee, Julie Sult, Vaidy S. Sunderam
Venue: Proceedings of the The 18th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (1998)

Application sharing is an important aspect of collaborative computing. One mechanism for sharing applications is a multiplexor, a tool that broadcasts input/output messages from a single client to multiple displays. We describe the design and implementation of a multiplexor for X windows that supports a heterogeneous environment and works effectively across both local and wide area networks. This X-multiplexor is composed of two distinct components, the Collaborative Computing Frameworks X-Multiplexor (CCFX) which acts as a pseudo-server for the client, and the Collaborative Computing Session Manager (CCSM) which renders the client images and supplies the user interface to the system. In effect, CCSM acts as a distributed window manager, ensuring that all participants have the same view of the shared clients.This two-headed approach offers significant gains in flexibility and resource usage. CCFX and CCSM can communicate using any reliable transport protocol. This can result in significant reduction of bandwidth, decreased latency, and avoids some TCP/IP communication required by the X protocol. In addition, this architecture facilitates the creation of a virtual X environment. Using this virtual environment, instead of an actual X server's environment, and then translating the virtual properties to a specific server's properties, allows for more robust support of heterogeneous systems.
View synthesis by image mapping and interpolation
Authors: Farris J. Halim, Jesse S. Jin
Venue: Proceedings of the Pan-Sydney area workshop on Visual information processing - Volume 11 (2001)

This paper is about implementing and analysing a strategy of generating the intermediate views of a scene from a pair of images taken from different position and orientation. In particular, the algorithm uses image mapping for pixel registration purpose and a form of interpolation to produce the in-between view. The main purpose is to note the validity and limitation of such method and to explore potential improvement and development. This work may also be a solid base for future works including the application of 3D digital video.
Derivation of a Distributed Algorithm for Finding Paths in Directed Networks
Authors: E. R McCurley, Fred B. Schneider
Venue:  (1983)

A distributed algorithm is developed that can be used to compute the topology of a network, given that each site starts with information about sites it is adjacent to, the network is strongly connected, and communication channels are uni-directional. The program is derived and proved correct using assertional reasoning.