ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Using in-situ measurements to evaluate the new RapidEye™ satellite series for prediction of wheat nitrogen status
Authors: J. U. H. Eitel, D. S. Long, P. E. Gessler, A. M. S. Smith
Venue: International Journal of Remote Sensing (2007)

This study assessed whether vegetation indices derived from broadband RapidEye™ data containing the red edge region (690-730 nm) equal those computed from narrow band data in predicting nitrogen (N) status of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Various single and combined indices were computed from in-situ spectroradiometer data and simulated RapidEye™ data. A new, combined index derived from the Modified Chlorophyll Absorption Ratio Index (MCARI) and the second Modified Triangular Vegetation Index (MTVI2) in ratio obtained the best regression relationships with chlorophyll meter values (Minolta Soil Plant Analysis Development (SPAD) 502 chlorophyll meter) and flag leaf N. For SPAD, r 2 values ranged from 0.45 to 0.69 (p
Bound analysis of closed queueing networks with workload burstiness
Authors: Giuliano Casale, Ningfang Mi, Evgenia Smirni
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 ACM SIGMETRICS international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems (2008)

Burstiness and temporal dependence in service processes are often found in multi-tier architectures and storage devices and must be captured accurately in capacity planning models as these features are responsible of significant performance degradations. However, existing models and approximations for networks of first-come first-served (FCFS) queues with general independent (GI) service are unable to predict performance of systems with temporal dependence in workloads. To overcome this difficulty, we define and study a class of closed queueing networks where service times are represented by Markovian Arrival Processes (MAPs), a class of point processes that can model general distributions, but also temporal dependent features such as burstiness in service times. We call these models MAP queueing networks. We introduce provable upper and lower bounds for arbitrary performance indexes (e.g., throughput, response time, utilization) that we call Linear Reduction (LR) bounds. Numerical experiments indicate that LR bounds achieve a mean accuracy error of 2 percent. The result promotes LR bounds as a versatile and reliable bounding methodology of the performance of modern computer systems.
Solution dependence on initial conditions in differential variational inequalities
Authors: Jong-Shi Pang, David E. Stewart
Venue: Mathematical Programming: Series A and B (2008)

In the first part of this paper, we establish several sensitivity results of the solution x(t, &#x03be;) to the ordinary differential equation (ODE) initial-value problem (IVP) dx/dt&#x00a0;=&#x00a0;f(x), x(0) =&#x00a0; &#x03be; as a function of the initial value &#x03be; for a nondifferentiable f(x). Specifically, we show that for $$\Xi_T \equiv \{\,x(t,\xi^0): 0 \leq t \leq T\,\}$$, (a) if f is &#x201c;B-differentiable&#x201d; on $$\Xi_T$$, then so is the solution operator x(t;&#x00b7;) at &#x03be;0; (b) if f is &#x201c;semismooth&#x201d; on $$\Xi_T$$, then so is x(t;&#x00b7;) at &#x03be;0; (c) if f has a &#x201c;linear Newton approximation&#x201d; on $$\Xi_T$$, then so does x(t;&#x00b7;) at &#x03be;0; moreover, the linear Newton approximation of the solution operator can be obtained from the solution of a &#x201c;linear&#x201d; differential inclusion. In the second part of the paper, we apply these ODE sensitivity results to a differential variational inequality (DVI) and discuss (a) the existence, uniqueness, and Lipschitz dependence of solutions to subclasses of the DVI subject to boundary conditions, via an implicit function theorem for semismooth equations, and (b) the convergence of a &#x201c;nonsmooth shooting method&#x201d; for numerically computing such boundary-value solutions.
System-level simulation for continuous-time delta-sigma modulator in MATLAB SIMULINK
Authors: Matthew Webb, Hua Tang
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th WSEAS International Conference on Circuits, Systems, Electronics, Control & Signal Processing (2006)

This paper discusses a set of techniques for system-level simulation of continuous-time delta-sigma modulators (CT ΔΣM). In a top-down design flow, system-level simulation is an important part. Done accurately and correctly, system-level simulation can help predict when the circuit operates best and also when and where it fails. The building blocks in a CTΔΣM and how the non-idealities with each building block can be implemented in MATLAB SIMULINK [15] is presented. Simulation results are compared and discussed.
Designing less-structured P2P systems for the expected high churn
Authors: Fabián E. Bustamante, Yi Qiao
Venue: IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON) (2008)

We address the problem of highly transient populations in unstructured and loosely structured peer-topeer (P2P) systems. We propose a number of illustrative queryrelated strategies and organizational protocols that, by taking into consideration the expected session times of peers (their lifespans), yield systems with performance characteristics more resilient to the natural instability of their environments. We first demonstrate the benefits of lifespan-based organizational protocols in terms of end-application performance and in the context of dynamic and heterogeneous Internet environments. We do this using a number of currently adopted and proposed query-related strategies, including methods for query distribution, caching, and replication. We then show, through trace-driven simulation and wide-area experimentation, the performance advantages of lifespan-based, query-related strategies when layered over currently employed and lifespan-based organizational protocols. While merely illustrative, the evaluated strategies and protocols clearly demonstrate the advantages of considering peers' session time in designing widely-deployed P2P systems.
A Novel Detection Method of Filled Pause in Mandarin Spontaneous Speech
Authors: Yan-Xiong Li, Qian-Hua He, Tao Li
Venue: Proceedings of the Seventh IEEE/ACIS International Conference on Computer and Information Science (icis 2008) (2008)

Filled pause is one of the hesitation phenomena that current speech recognizers can not effectively handle. Detecting filled pauses is important in spontaneous speech dialogue systems because they play valuable roles, such as helping a speaker keep a conversational turn, in oral communication. In this paper, a novel detection method for filled pause is proposed based on a strategy of two-level decisions. Firstly, hypothetical filled pauses are extracted from non-silence signal segments. Then HMMs are trained and employed to recognize filled pauses from hypothetical filled pauses. Experiment results show that the average precision and recall rate of filled pauses are 80.66% and 92.59% respectively. Moreover, this filled pause detector can distinguish filled pauses from elongated words, which are not achieved in the previous works.
Team: towards a software engineering semantic web
Authors: Hans-Jörg Happel, Walid Maalej, Ljiljana Stojanovi
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 international workshop on Cooperative and human aspects of software engineering (2008)

Large software development projects are complex endeavours that involve numerous participants which can work across several sites and act in various roles. Each participant produces and consumes information relevant for the success of the project. In such settings, an effective and efficient allocation of knowledge is a hard challenge, especially if there is no central authority, which enforces standards for the whole ecosystem. We consider semantic technologies as an important enabler to improve information and knowledge sharing in such scenarios, by helping to exchange and interconnect software engineering knowledge across the web. In this paper, we describe the corresponding vision of a Software Engineering Semantic Web and the role of intelligent IDEs in order to benefit from and contribute to it.
A metamodel-based representation method for reusable simulation model
Authors: Yonglin Lei, Lili Song, Weiping Wang, Caiyun Jiang
Venue: Proceedings of the 39th conference on Winter simulation: 40 years! The best is yet to come (2007)

The composition and reuse of simulation model is currently a hot research topic in the area of complex system modeling and simulation. A unified simulation model representation is one of the key techniques to facilitate reuse. The model representation concept and its role in simulation are present firstly. The reusable simulation models, when compared to common simulation models, give some special requirements to the specification and method of model representation, which are summarized in the second part. Three traditional simulation model representation methods, i. e. representation by programming language, by simulation language and by generic model language, and their respective shortcomings when representing reusable simulation models are analyzed next. The advantages of metamodel in software representation are widely acknowledged in recent years. With this in mind this paper presents a metamodel based method to represent reusable simulation model, and the design considerations of metamodel-based representation specification is also discussed.
Automated Usability Testing Using HUI Analyzer
Authors: Simon Baker, Fiora Au, Gillian Dobbie, Ian Warren
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th Australian Conference on Software Engineering (2008)

In this paper, we present an overview of HUI Analyzer, a tool intended for automating usability testing. The tool allows a user interface's exepected and actual use to be captured unobtrusively, with any mismatches indicating potential usability problems being highlighted. HUI Analyzer allows supports specification and checking of assertions governing an interface's layout and actual user interaction. Assertions offer a low-cost means of detecting usability defects and are intended to be checked iteratively during a user interface's development. Hotspot analysis is a feature that highlights relative use of GUI components in a form. This is useful in informing form layout, for example to collocate heavily used components thereby reducing unnecessary scrolling or movement. Based on evaluation, we have found HUI Analyzer's performance in detecting usability defects to be comparable to conventional formal user testing. However, the time taken by HUI Analyzer to automatically process and analyze user interactions is much less than that for formal user testing.
Demonstration of Location Information Based Network
Authors: Younghwan Jung, Sangbin Lee, Songmin Kim, Eunsook Lee, Soonwook Hwang, Changsu Kim, Dongseung Kim, Sunshin An
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Information processing in sensor networks (2008)

In ubiquitous network, node location information is the most essential data for efficiently managing increased mobility and supporting location based services. Therefore, we propose a next generation location information based network, which uses address containing location information. Finally, its functions, effectiveness, and feasibility will be verified through this demonstration.
A characterization of Zm-well-covered graphs of girth 6 or more
Authors: Y. Caro, B. Hartnell
Venue: Journal of Graph Theory (2000)

The class of Zm-well-covered graphs, those in which the cardinality of every maximal independent subset of vertices is congruent to the same number modulo m, contains the well-covered graphs as well as parity graphs. Here we consider such graphs, where there is no small cycle present and obtain a characterization for those of girth 6 or more. Weighted well-covered graphs of girth 7 or more are also characterized, and this result is used, in turn, to characterize magic well-covered graphs of girth 7 or more. &copy; 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Graph Theory 33: 246&ndash;255, 2000
Shadow information recovery in urban areas from very high resolution satellite imagery
Authors: Y. Chen, D. Wen, L. Jing, P. Shi
Venue: International Journal of Remote Sensing (2007)

It is usually quite difficult to extract and recover shadow information in the urban environment from remote sensing imagery. This paper describes the study of precisely detected shadow in satellite images and recovering information from the surface covered in shadow from very high resolution (VHR) satellite imagery.
A high-throughput application for the dynamic analysis of structures on a Grid environment
Authors: J. M. Alonso, V. Hernández, G. Moltó
Venue: Advances in Engineering Software (2008)

This paper describes a Grid Computing application for the 3D dynamic analysis of large dimension buildings. A previously developed software composed of parallel implementations of eight direct integration methods has been integrated on this application, in order to perform structural simulations on a Grid deployment. The GMarte software abstraction layer has been employed to couple the parallel simulator with the Grid infrastructure. Performing distributed executions has enabled a considerable reduction in the global execution time of structural dynamic studies composed of different design alternatives.
Is there life outside transactions?: writing the transaction processing book
Authors: Andreas Reuter
Venue: ACM SIGMOD Record (2008)

In this article I will reflect on the writing of "Transaction Processing -- Concepts and Techniques" [1], which appeared at Morgan Kaufmann Publishers in 1992. The process of writing had many aspects of a typical software project: In the end, the book was more than twice as thick as we had planned, it covered only 3/4 of the material that we wanted to cover, and completing it took much longer than we had anticipated. Nevertheless, it was a moderate success and served as a basic reference for many developers in the industry for at least 10 years after its publication. It was translated to Chinese and Japanese, and occasionally one still finds references to it -- despite the fact that (apart from simple bug fixes) there has been no technical update of the material, and the book deals with "outdated" subjects like transaction processing and client/server architectures.
Utilizing shared data in chip multiprocessors with the Nahalal architecture
Authors: Zvika Guz, Idit Keidar, Avinoam Kolodny, Uri C. Weiser
Venue: Proceedings of the twentieth annual symposium on Parallelism in algorithms and architectures (2008)

This paper addresses a new cache organization in a Chip Multiprocessors (CMP) environment. We introduce Nahalal, an architecture whose novel floorplan topology partitions cached data according to its usage (shared versus private data), and thus enables fast access to shared data for all processors while preserving the vicinity of private data to each processor. The Nahalal architecture combines the best of both shared caches and private caches, enabling fast accesses to data as in private caches while eliminating the need for inter-cache coherence transactions. Detailed simulations in Simics demonstrate that Nahalal decreases cache access latency by up to 41.1% compared to traditional CMP designs, yielding performance gains of up to 12.65% in run time.
Two-dimensional BRDF estimation from polarisation
Authors: Gary A. Atkinson, Edwin R. Hancock
Venue: Computer Vision and Image Understanding (2008)

This paper presents a novel technique for reflectance function (BRDF) estimation, which uses polarisation information and photometric stereo. The first stage of the technique is standard and involves the acquisition of polarisation information (angle and degree of polarisation) using a linear polariser and a digital camera. This yields a field of ambiguous surface normal estimates for an arbitrarily shaped object. A photometric stereo algorithm is then used with three different light source directions to disambiguate the surface normals. Next, the proposed algorithm constructs a 3D histogram of the surface normals and pixel brightnesses. A surface, representing the BRDF, is then fitted to the histogram data using simulated annealing optimisation. The result is a set of Cartesian triples that relate the surface normals to the observed pixel brightnesses. Unlike most previous techniques for BRDF estimation, the technique is image-based and does not require sophisticated equipment or intrusive light sources. Although the technique is restricted to smooth and slightly rough dielectric objects, no prior knowledge about the surface geometry is assumed.
Struggling against selfishness and black hole attacks in MANETs
Authors: Djamel Djenouri, Nadjib Badache
Venue: Wireless Communications Mobile Computing (2008)

Since mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are infrastructureless and multi-hop by nature, transmitting packets from any node to another usually relies on services provided by intermediate nodes. This reliance introduces a new vulnerability; one node could launch a Black Hole DoS attack by participating in the routing protocol and including itself in routes, then simply dropping packets it receives to forward. Another motivation for dropping packets in self-organized MANETs is resource preservation. Some solutions for detecting and isolating packet droppers have been recently proposed, but almost all of them employ the promiscuous mode monitoring approach (watchdog (WD)) which suffers from many problems, especially when employing the power control technique. In this paper we propose a novel monitoring approach that overcomes some WD's shortcomings, and improves the efficiency in detection. To overcome false detections due to nodes mobility and channel conditions we propose a Bayesian technique for the judgment, allowing node redemption before judgment. Finally, we suggest a social-based approach for the detection approval and isolation of guilty nodes. We analyze our solution and asses its performance by simulation. The results illustrate a large improvement of our monitoring solution in detection versus the WD, and an efficiency through our judgment and isolation techniques as well. Copyright &copy; 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Supporting intergenerational groups in computer-supported cooperative work (CSCW)
Authors: G. Convertino, U. Farooq, M. B. Rosson, J. M. Carroll, B. J. F. Meyer
Venue: Behaviour & Information Technology (2007)

The workforce is ageing as older workers re-enter the workforce or delay retirement. One consequence is that work groups are increasingly becoming intergenerational. Because group work relies on many collaborative tools (e.g. email, shared calendars), it is essential to understand the special requirements that intergenerational groups have for groupware. Can we design collaborative tools that leverage the differing abilities and contributions of older and younger workers in groups? We focus on how best to support intergenerational groups, offering an analytical framework that combines ideas from the theory of small groups and activity theory. We consider design implications for computer-supported cooperative work (CSCW) and outline design principles for groupware that supports intergenerational groups. Finally, we discuss methodological issues that arise when studying intergenerational cooperative work.
A wearable cardiorespiratory sensor system for analyzing the sleep condition
Authors: Samjin Choi, Zhongwei Jiang
Venue: Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal (2008)

This paper describes a long-term cardiorespiratory sensor system, which is supposed to be used for monitoring sleep condition at home environment. This system consists of belt sensor probe, data acquisition and communication devices, and the data processing algorithms. New wearable sensor probe with a couple of conductive fabric sheets material and a PVDF film material is developed. To obtain clear cardiorespiratory responses from the belt sensor probe, adaptive hardware filters with signal conditioners are designed and further software data processing algorithms are proposed for extraction of the relative cardiorespiratory information, such as respiratory cycle (RC) and RR interval (RRI). These simple and powerful data processing algorithms for extraction of the proposed RC and RRI information are described and testified in detail. And two commercial sensor devices such as thermistor-type pneumography sensor and 3-lead electrocardiogram sensor are used simultaneously to validate the performance and efficiency of the proposed sensor system. Furthermore, the belt type sensor demonstrated that PVDF film and conductive fabric sensors can complement each other, especially in RRI extraction. Finally, for a case study, the sleep conditions are estimated experimentally by analyzing the heart rate variability (HRV) from the extracted RRI information.
A mixed filter algorithm for cognitive state estimation from simultaneously recorded continuous and binary measures of performance
Authors: M. J. Prerau, A. C. Smith, U. T. Eden, M. Yanike, W. A. Suzuki, E. N. Brown
Venue: Biological Cybernetics (2008)

Continuous (reaction times) and binary (correct/ incorrect responses) measures of performance are routinely recorded to track the dynamics of a subject&#x2019;s cognitive state during a learning experiment. Current analyses of experimental data from learning studies do not consider the two performance measures together and do not use the concept of the cognitive state formally to design statistical methods. We develop a mixed filter algorithm to estimate the cognitive state modeled as a linear stochastic dynamical system from simultaneously recorded continuous and binary measures of performance. The mixed filter algorithm has the Kalman filter and the more recently developed recursive filtering algorithm for binary processes as special cases. In the analysis of a simulated learning experiment the mixed filter algorithm provided a more accurate and precise estimate of the cognitive state process than either the Kalman or binary filter alone. In the analysis of an actual learning experiment in which a monkey&#x2019;s performance was tracked by its series of reaction times, and correct and incorrect responses, the mixed filter gave a more complete description of the learning process than either the Kalman or binary filter. These results establish the feasibility of estimating cognitive state from simultaneously recorded continuous and binary performance measures and suggest a way to make practical use of concepts from learning theory in the design of statistical methods for the analysis of data from learning experiments.
Projector camera system for realtime 3D scanning
Authors: Hiroshi Kawasaki, Inose Kenji, Toshihiro Kawasaki, Ryo Furukawa, Ryusuke Sagawa, Yasushi Yagi
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th ACM/IEEE International Workshop on Projector camera systems (2008)

An active 3D scanning device which can capture a sequential motion in realtime is strongly demanded for 3D display and other VR systems. Since most previous and commercial products basically recover the shape with a point or a line for each scan, fast motion can not be captured in principle. One solution for the purpose is to use a single pattern (one shot scan). However, they often have stability problems and their result tend to have low resolution. In our recent study, we have developed a system which achieved dense and accurate 3D reconstruction from only a single image. The proposed system also had the advantage of being robust in terms of image processing. In this presentation, we introduce outline of our system, several applications and results.