ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Three-Dimensional Television: Capture, Transmission, Display, 1st edition
Authors: Haldun M. Ozaktas, Haldun M. Ozaktas, Levent Onural
Venue:  (2007)

Advances in optical technology and computing power are bringing life-like 3DTV closer, with potential applications not only in entertainment, but also in education, scientific research, industry, medicine, and many other areas. 3DTV will require the integration of a diversity of key technologies from computing to graphics, imaging to display, and signal processing to communications. The scope of this book reflects this diversity: different chapters deal with different stages of an end-to-end 3DTV system such as capture, representation, coding, transmission, and display. Both autostereoscopic techniques which eliminate the need for special glasses and allow viewer movement, and holographic approaches which have the potential to provide the truest three-dimensional images, are covered. Some chapters discuss current research trends in 3DTV technology, while others address underlying topics. This book, the condensed result of an extensive European project developing the future of 3D-Television, is essential to those with an interest in 3DTV-related research or applications, and also of interest to those who, while not directly working on 3DTV, work in areas which developments in 3DTV may touch, such as multimedia, computer games, virtual reality, medical imaging, and scientific simulation.
Applying Trip@dvice Recommendation Technology to www.visiteurope.com
Authors: Adriano Venturini, Francesco Ricci
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on ECAI 2006: 17th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence August 29 -- September 1, 2006, Riva del Garda, Italy (2006)

Implementing decision support technologies in a real commercial tourism destination portal is challenging. First of all, the peculiar problems related to the tourism domain, which have been studied in the recent years in eCommerce and tourism research, must be considered. But, to provide an effective and useful tool, one must tackle additional requirements arising from the technical and operational environment, which influence not only the software development and architectural issues, but also methodological aspects. This paper describes the main choices we taken and the approach we followed to integrate the Trip@dvice recommendation technology in www.visiteurope.com, the major European tourism portal launched in March 2006, with the goal of promoting Europe as a tourist destination.
An investigation into feature construction to assist word sense disambiguation
Authors: Lucia Specia, Ashwin Srinivasan, Sachindra Joshi, Ganesh Ramakrishnan, Maria Graças Volpe Nunes
Venue: Machine Learning (2009)

Identifying the correct sense of a word in context is crucial for many tasks in natural language processing (machine translation is an example). State-of-the art methods for Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) build models using hand-crafted features that usually capturing shallow linguistic information. Complex background knowledge, such as semantic relationships, are typically either not used, or used in specialised manner, due to the limitations of the feature-based modelling techniques used. On the other hand, empirical results from the use of Inductive Logic Programming (ILP) systems have repeatedly shown that they can use diverse sources of background knowledge when constructing models. In this paper, we investigate whether this ability of ILP systems could be used to improve the predictive accuracy of models for WSD. Specifically, we examine the use of a general-purpose ILP system as a method to construct a set of features using semantic, syntactic and lexical information. This feature-set is then used by a common modelling technique in the field (a support vector machine) to construct a classifier for predicting the sense of a word. In our investigation we examine one-shot and incremental approaches to feature-set construction applied to monolingual and bilingual WSD tasks. The monolingual tasks use 32 verbs and 85 verbs and nouns (in English) from the SENSEVAL-3 and SemEval-2007 benchmarks; while the bilingual WSD task consists of 7 highly ambiguous verbs in translating from English to Portuguese. The results are encouraging: the ILP-assisted models show substantial improvements over those that simply use shallow features. In addition, incremental feature-set construction appears to identify smaller and better sets of features. Taken together, the results suggest that the use of ILP with diverse sources of background knowledge provide a way for making substantial progress in the field of WSD.
Approximation capabilities of multilayer fuzzy neural networks on the set of fuzzy-valued functions
Authors: Huan Huang, Congxin Wu
Venue: Information Sciences: an International Journal (2009)

This paper first introduces a piecewise linear interpolation method for fuzzy-valued functions. Based on this, we present a concrete approximation procedure to show the capability of four-layer regular fuzzy neural networks to perform approximation on the set of all d"p continuous fuzzy-valued functions. This approach can also be used to approximate d"~ continuous fuzzy-valued functions. An example is given to illustrate the approximation procedure.
Continuous Plan Management Support for Space Missions: the RAXEM Case
Authors: Amedeo Cesta, Gabriella Cortellessa, Michel Denis, Alessandro Donati, Simone Fratini, Angelo Oddi, Nicola Policella, Erhard Rabenau, Jonathan Schulster
Venue: Proceeding of the 2008 conference on ECAI 2008: 18th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence (2008)

This paper describes RAXEM, an AI-based system developed to support human mission planners in the daily task to plan uplink commands for an interplanetary spacecraft. The intelligent environment of RAXEM has been designed to support the users in analyzing the problem and taking planning decisions as a result of an interactive process. The system combines different ingredients like integrating flexible automated algorithms, promoting user active participation during problem solving, and guaranteeing continuity of work practice. The paper touches upon all these aspects and comments on how a key factor for success has been the integration of intelligent technology to continuously support mission plan management.
Limitations of current grammar induction algorithms
Authors: Bart Cramer
Venue: Proceedings of the 45th Annual Meeting of the ACL: Student Research Workshop (2007)

I review a number of grammar induction algorithms (ABL, Emile, Adios), and test them on the Eindhoven corpus, resulting in disappointing results, compared to the usually tested corpora (ATIS, OVIS). Also, I show that using neither POS-tags induced from Biemann's unsupervised POS-tagging algorithm nor hand-corrected POS-tags as input improves this situation. Last, I argue for the development of entirely incremental grammar induction algorithms instead of the approaches of the systems discussed before.
Prototyping a chest-worn string-based wearable input device
Authors: Erik Koch, Hendrik Witt
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks (2008)

In this paper we describe a novel wearable interaction device that is based on the principle of a badge reel often found in corporate environments. Our prototype devices are composed of hardware components from an ordinary off-the-shelf game pad. Preliminary results of a user study, conducted in the first prototyping cycle, showed that the device concept allows for a more accurate and intuitive interaction than an ordinary game pad when performing navigation tasks in a three-dimensional information space. Furthermore, the study suggests that device operation requires minimal attention demands due to provided tactile feedback cues when maneuvering the retractable string. Finally, the paper discusses lessons learn from the first prototyping cycle and presents the modified device after the second prototyping cycle.
A consumer support architecture for enhancing customer relationships
Authors: Jyhjong Lin
Venue: WSEAS Transactions on Information Science and Applications (2009)

For enterprises, customer relationships have been commonly recognized as a critical factor to succeed their business. Effective customer relationships could help enterprises deliver services/products to customers based on their needs, preferences, or past transactions. This model however emphasizes on the use of customer information for benefiting enterprises; customers in contrast receive less information from enterprises. To address this issue, such technologies have been proposed as recommendation systems and intelligent agents that provide customers with more sufficient information for their possible needs/helps. These technologies, nevertheless, have still some shortcomings that initiate the recent discussion of a new paradigm, namely Consumer Support Systems (CSS). CSS is specifically structured to support effective information provision from enterprises to consumers where sophisticated information management mechanisms are necessarily employed to help on consumer decision making. In this paper, we present an architecture for the construction of such a new CSS paradigm that provides an advanced management of customer relationships by emphasizing on the information provision from enterprises to consumers. The architecture starts from the identification of CSS characteristics, through the recognition of architectural components that support the realization of these issues, and finally ends with the specification of collaborations among architectural components to realize these issues. The architecture is modeled by UML notations and illustrated by a CSS for book publishing.
The role of virtual organizations in grids: impacts and challenges
Authors: Michael Schiffers
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th edition of the UPGRADE-CN workshop on Use of P2P, GRID and agents for the development of content networks (2009)

The talk covers the role of virtual organizations (VO) in Grids. We characterize VOs by examples and discuss the impacts of and the technical challenges related to this concept. We also address the state-of-the-art in providing solutions to these challenges. Special emphasis is on VO related issues in the area of content management.
Case law in extended argumentation frameworks
Authors: Trevor Bench-Capon, Sanjay Modgil
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law (2009)

In this paper we discuss how recent developments in argumentation frameworks, most notably Extended Argumentation Frameworks, can inform the representation of a body of case law using abstract argumentation techniques. This builds on previous work which has first used abstract Argumentation Frameworks, and then Value based Argumentation Frameworks for this purpose. Extended Argumentation Frameworks augment Argumentation Frameworks to not only allow arguments to be attacked, but also attacks to be attacked. This allows argumentation based reasoning about information normally assumed to be metalevel to the object level domain of argumentation, including argumentation over preferences, values and the audience based ranking of values promoted by arguments. The Extended Argumentation Frameworks can then be rewritten as standard Argumentation Frameworks, so that cases, and values and their rankings relevant to the cases, can be reasoned about using standard dialogue games for Argumentation Frameworks. In this way precedents can be represented as collections of arguments and dialogues using these arguments. Now, when confronted with a new case, these dialogues may be used to identify ways of deploying the arguments in the new case so as to reach a favourable position.
Four Small Universal Turing Machines
Authors: Turlough Neary, Damien Woods
Venue: Fundamenta Informaticae (2009)

We present universal Turing machines with state-symbol pairs of (5, 5), (6, 4), (9, 3) and (15, 2). These machines simulate our new variant of tag system, the bi-tag system and are the smallest known single-tape universal Turing machines with 5, 4, 3 and 2-symbols, respectively. Our 5-symbolmachine uses the same number of instructions (22) as the smallest known universal Turing machine by Rogozhin. Also, all of the universalmachines we present here simulate Turing machines in polynomial time.
The social presence of instant messaging: effects on student satisfaction, perceived learning, and performance in distance education
Authors: Cem Saydam
Venue:  (2008)

This study examines the use of instant messaging (IM) for student-teacher communication in engineering technology (ET) distance education (DE) courses. IM is a simple text-based computer mediated communication technology. ET distance learners evaluated the social presence of IM and email. IM may reduce the sources of dissatisfaction cited by many DE students and improve their performance, perception of the amount of information learned, and satisfaction with a class. Instant messaging may reduce the DE student's sense of social isolation, mediate quality interactions with the instructor, reduce the distance learner's perception of the dissimilarity between the DE course and the traditional course, and facilitate instructor immediacy behaviors because IM is a relatively synchronous communication tool. In this study, ET distance learners perceived IM to be higher in social presence than email and they performed better when using IM to communicate with their instructor than they did when using email. These results are encouraging but may be specific to engineering technology DE. More studies should be done in other disciplines.
Atomistic origin of high-quality "novel SiON gate dielectrics"
Authors: Keita Yamaguchi, Akira Otake, Kenji Kobayashi, Kenji Shiraishi
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2009)

We have investigated the effect of the oxygen incorporation into SiN films by the first principles calculations. The calculated results show that the oxygen incorporation tends to generate defect states in SiN band gap by forming dangling bonds and floating bonds of Si. Based on the calculated results, it is also indicated that the high quality SiON film can be fabricated by suppressing the incorporation of O atoms into the SiN film, reproducing the reported experiments.
The Instrumental Stit A Study of Action and Instrument
Authors: Pawel Garbacz
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on Formal Ontology in Information Systems: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference (FOIS 2006) (2006)

The focus of this paper are actions in which agents employ instruments in order to achieve desired outcomes. I explore the ontological structure of such actions and the semantic features of the sentences by means of which we refer to these actions. The logical framework for this philosophical enterprise is the theory of the so-called stit operator: …see to it that …. I modify the original formulation in such a way that we could represent those events in which agents see to things with the help of physical objects. As a result, I obtain a formal theory of the operator of instrumental stit: …see to it that …with the help of ….
Optimal design of two-stage speed reducer
Authors: Lucian Tudose, Ovidiu Buiga, Daniela Jucan, Cornel Stefanache
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th WSEAS international conference on Mathematical and computational methods in science and engineering (2008)

In this paper an optimal design of two-stage speed reducer is presented. The novelty of this article consists in the complex and complete approach of the optimal design of gearings. The chosen objective function was the volume bounded by the inner surface of the reducer housing. For this example of optimal design, eleven genes were taken into consideration and a set of thirty six constraints were formulated. In solving the optimization problem we used an original dual-phase evolutionary algorithm (DPEA) inspired from the evolutionary concept of "punctuated equilibrium". DPEA is implemented in Cambrian v.3.2 which is in operation at the Optimal Design Centre of the Technical University of Cluj-Napoca.
Online Rule Learning via Weighted Model Counting
Authors: Frédéric Koriche
Venue: Proceeding of the 2008 conference on ECAI 2008: 18th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence (2008)

Online multiplicative weight-update learning algorithms, such as Winnow, have proven to behave remarkably for learning simple disjunctions with few relevant attributes. The aim of this paper is to extend the Winnow algorithm to more expressive concepts characterized by DNF formulas with few relevant rules. For such problems, the convergence of Winnow is still fast, since the number of mistakes increases only linearly with the number of attributes. Yet, the learner is confronted with an important computational barrier: during any prediction, it must evaluate the weighted sum of an exponential number of rules. To circumvent this issue, we convert the prediction problem into a Weighted Model Counting problem. The resulting algorithm, SharpNow, is an exact simulation of Winnow equipped with backtracking, caching, and decomposition techniques. Experiments on static and drifting problems demonstrate the performance of the algorithm in terms of accuracy and speed.
Data Structures and Problem Solving Using C#, 1st edition
Authors: Mark Allen Weiss
Venue:  (2007)

Data Structures and Problem Solving Using C++ provides an introduction to data structures and algorithms from the viewpoint of abstract thinking and problem solving, as well as the use of C++. It is a complete revision of Weiss' successful CS2 book Algorithms, Data Structures, and Problem Solving with C++. Throughout this edition, Mark Allen Weiss has included the latest features of the C++ programming language-making prevalent use of the Standard Template Library (STL) wherever appropriate. He has also included a new chapter covering Patterns, as well as new material on templates, vectors and push_back. C++ allows the programmer to write the interface and implementation separately, to place them in separate files and compile separately, and to hide the implementation details. This book goes a step further: The interface and implementation are discussed in separate parts of the book. Part I (Objects and C++), Part II (Algorithms and Building Blocks), and Part III (Applications) lay the groundwork by discussing basic concepts and tools and providing some practical examples, but implementation of data structures are not shown until Part IV (Implementations). This separation of interface and implementation promotes abstract thinking. Class interfaces are written and used before the implementation is known, forcing the reader to think about the functionality and potential efficiency of the various data structures (e.g. hash tables are written well before the hash table is implemented). The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Like an intuitive and courteous butler: a proactive personal agent for task management
Authors: Neil Yorke-Smith, Shahin Saadati, Karen L. Myers, David N. Morley
Venue: Proceedings of The 8th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems - Volume 1 (2009)

The ability to proactively offer assistance promises to make personal agents more helpful to their users. We characterize the properties desired of proactive behaviour by a personal assistant agent in the realm of task management, and present an extended agent cognition model that features a meta-level layer charged with identifying potentially helpful actions and determining when it is appropriate to perform them. The reasoning that answers these questions draws on a theory of proactivity that describes user desires and a model of helpfulness. Operationally, assistance patterns represent a compiled form of this knowledge, instantiating meta-cognition over the agent's beliefs about its user's activities as well as over world state. We have implemented the resulting generic framework for proactive goal generation and deliberation as part of a personal assistant agent in the desktop domain.
Handbook of Knowledge Representation
Authors: Frank van Harmelen, Frank van Harmelen, Vladimir Lifschitz, Bruce Porter
Venue:  (2007)

Knowledge Representation, which lies at the core of Artificial Intelligence, is concerned with encoding knowledge on computers to enable systems to reason automatically. The Handbook of Knowledge Representation is an up-to-date review of twenty-five key topics in knowledge representation, written by the leaders of each field.This book is an essential resource for students, researchers and practitioners in all areas of Artificial Intelligence. * Make your computer smarter* Handle qualitative and uncertain information* Improve computational tractability to solve your problems easily
Posterior probability profiles for the automated assessment of the recovery of patients with stroke from activity of daily living tasks
Authors: Gert Van Dijck, Jo Van Vaerenbergh, Marc M. Van Hulle
Venue: Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (2009)

Objective: Assessing recovery after stroke has been so far a time consuming procedure in which trained clinicians are required. A demand for automated assessment techniques arises due to the increasing number of patients with stroke and the continuous growth of new treatment options. In this study, we investigate the applicability of isometric force and torque measurements in activity of daily living tasks to assess the functional recovery after stroke in an automated way. Methods and materials: A new hybrid filter-wrapper feature subset technology was developed for a new mechatronic platform with the aim to identify the most important features and sensors that can distinguish normal controls from patients with stroke. We compared 3 different classification algorithms to make the distinction: k-nearest neighbors, kernel density estimation and least-squares support vector machines. Based on isometric force and torque measurements obtained from 16 patients with a first-ever ischemic or haemorrhagic stroke within the middle cerebral artery territory, we computed for each subject the probability to belong to the class of normal subjects. These probabilities were computed during a period of 6 months post-stroke to quantify the level of recovery during this period. The posterior probabilities were validated by means of a correlation study with the Lindmark modified Fugl-Meyer assessment. Results: Patients with stroke and normal controls could be distinguished with an accuracy of 98.25% by means of kernel density estimation. The posterior probability profiles had a correlation of 76.6% and 80.29% with the global score of the Lindmark modified Fugl-Meyer scale and 'part A', the upper extremity subscore, respectively. This degree of correlation was as high as obtained with supervised scoring techniques such as the Barthel index. Conclusion: This study shows that the assessment of recovery after stroke can be automated by means of posterior probability profiles due to their high correlation with the Fugl-Meyer assessment. The posterior probability profiles confirm the importance of a recovery within the first weeks after stroke to obtain a higher recovery plateau compared to later changes in recovery.