ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Induction operators for a computational colour-texture representation
Authors: M. Vanrell, R. Baldrich, A. Salvatella, R. Benavente, F. Tous
Venue: Computer Vision and Image Understanding (2004)

The aim of this paper is to outline a perceptual approach to a computational colour-texture representation based on some colour induction phenomena. The extension of classical grey level methods for texture processing to the RGB channels of the corresponding colour texture is not the best solution to simulate human perception. Chromatic induction mechanisms of the human visual system, that has been widely studied in psychophysics, play an important role when looking at scenes where the spatial frequency is high as it occurs on texture images. Besides others, chromatic induction includes two complementary effects: chromatic assimilation and chromatic contrast. While the former has been measured by Wandell and Zhang [A spatial extension of CIELAB for digital colour image reproduction, in: SID, 1996] and extended to computer vision by Petrou et al. [Perceptual smoothing and segmentation of colour textures, in: 5th European Conference on Computer Vision, Freiburg, Germany, 1998, pp. 623] as a perceptual blurring, some aspects on the last one still remain to be measured, but it has to be a computational operator that simulates the contrast induction phenomenon performing a perceptual sharpening that preserves the structural properties of the texture. Applying both, the perceptual sharpening and the perceptual blurring, we propose to build a tower of images as an induction front-end that can be the basis of a perceptual representation of colour textures.
A compact DC model of gate Oxide short defect
Authors: R. Bouchakour, J. M. Portal, J. M. Gallière, F. Azais, Y. Bertrand, M. Renovell
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2004)

In this paper a new electrical transistor compact model including a gate oxide short defects is proposed based on a charge sheet model approach. The basic equations and the topology of the model are presented in detail. It is demonstrated that the electrical behaviour of the proposed model matches in a satisfactory way the defective transistor behaviour.
A multivariate analysis of secondary students&rsquo; experience of web-based language acquisition
Authors: Uschi Felix
Venue: ReCALL (2004)

This paper reports on a large-scale project designed to replicate an earlier investigation of tertiary students (Felix, 2001) in a secondary school environment. The new project was carried out in five settings, again investigating the potential of the Web as a medium of language instruction. Data was collected by questionnaires and observational procedures to ascertain student perceptions of the usefulness of Web-based learning, their views on its advantages and disadvantages, their personal comfort and enjoyment when working with the Web, their preferred mode of delivery, their evaluation of the quality of resources used, and their learning styles and study preferences. Results of both studies showed that students were on the whole positively inclined to working with the Web and found it useful, with the majority preferring to use the Web as an add-on to face-to-face teaching. Reported advantages in both studies outweighed disadvantages. The secondary students felt significantly more comfortable on the Web, worked longer hours and reported more evenly distributed study preferences. Most favoured a kinesthetic learning style and significant relationships between learning style and mode preference were found. Differential findings related to gender emerged in the two studies.
Intelligent Computer Consultants - Interfacing the Future
Authors: L. A. Black, M. McTear, N. Black, R. Harper
Venue: Proceedings of the 17th IEEE Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems (2004)

This paper presents a vision of the future for communicating home monitored data fromchronic Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients to the point of care via telemedicinetechnologies. We argue the need to fuse patient parameters, namely blood glucose, bloodpressure and weight together with spoken dialogue technology to increase support for thesepatients. Methods to acquire and interpret automated patient data via telecommunicationstechnology endeavours to close the loop in patient therapy, provide empowerment and helpovercome the cognitive overload facing today's clinicians. Our proposed system, known asDI@L-log aims to provide specific supporting data to medical professionals and encourageeffective ambulatory care through an innovative information exchange platform.
A classroom experiment for teaching automata
Authors: Mohamed Hamada, Kazuhiko Shiina
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th annual SIGCSE conference on Innovation and technology in computer science education (2004)

In this work we focus on an experiment held at an automata class room to test the effectiveness of using simulators. We developed our own simulator. We also tested two other existing simulators to find whether simulators are useful as a teaching tool in automata classes.
Proceedings of the 9th ACM SIGMOD workshop on Research issues in data mining and knowledge discovery
Venue: Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery (2004)

This volume contains all the papers presented in the SIGMOD Workshop on Research Issues in Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery (DMKD), June 13, 2004, Maison de la Chimie, Paris, France. This was the 9th workshop on DMKD held annually in conjunction with ACM SIGMOD conference. The workshop was sponsored by ACM SIGMOD with corporate support from Microsoft Research. With the help of program committee, we selected 7 full papers and 4 short papers out of 34 submissions. The theme of this year's workshop was on data mining and information integration.
Constrained C^1 Interpolation on Rectangular Grids
Authors: E. S. Chan, V. P. Kong, B. H. Ong
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualization (2004)

This paper is concerned with the range restricted interpolation of data on rectangular grids. The interpolant is constrained to lie on the same side of the constraint surface as the data. Sufficient non-negativity conditions on the Bezier ordinates are derived to ensure the non-negativity of a bicubic Bezier patch. The method modifies Bezier ordinates locally to fulfill the sufficient non-negativity conditions. The C1 interpolating surface is constructed piecewise as a convex combination of two bicubic Bezier patches with the same set of boundary Bezier ordinates. The set of admissible constraint surfaces include polynoimal surfaces of the form z = C(x, y) where \Sigma _{i = 0}^3 \Sigma _{j = 0}^3 a_{i,j} x^i y^jand the a_i,j are real numbers, as well as C^1 spline surfaces consisting of polynomial pieces of the form z = C(x, y) on the rectangular grid. Some graphical examples are presented.
Improving the quality of business object models using collaboration patterns
Authors: Narasimha Bolloju
Venue: Communications of the ACM (2004)

Project managers and systems analysts can tackle the challenges of representing system requirements using the object-oriented approach.
Convexity minimizes pseudo-triangulations
Authors: Oswin Aichholzer, Franz Aurenhammer, Hannes Krasser, Bettina Speckmann
Venue: Computational Geometry: Theory and Applications (2004)

The number of minimum pseudo-triangulations is minimized for point sets in convex position.
Immunet: A Cheap and Robust Fault-Tolerant Packet Routing Mechanism
Authors: V. Puente, J. A. Gregorio, F. Vallejo, R. Beivide
Venue: ACM SIGARCH Computer Architecture News (2004)

A new and efficient mechanism to tolerate failures ininterconnection networks for parallel and distributedcomputers, denoted as Immunet, is presented in this work.In the presence of failures, Immunet automatically reactswith a hardware reconfiguration of the surviving networkresources. Immunet has four important advantages overprevious fault-tolerant switching mechanisms. Its lowhardware costs minimize the overhead that the networkmust support in absence of faults. As long as the networkremains connected, Immunet can tolerate any number offailures regardless of their spatial and temporalcombinations. The resulting communication infrastructureprovides optimized adaptive minimal routing over thesurviving topology. The system behavior under successivefailures exhibits graceful performance degradation.Immunet reconfiguration can be totally transparent tothe applications running on the parallel system as they willonly be affected by the loss of those data packetscirculating through the broken components. The rest of thepackets will suffer only a tolerable delay induced by thetime employed to perform the automatic networkreconfiguration. Descriptions of the hardware networkarchitecture and detailed synthetic and execution-drivensimulations will demonstrate the benefits of Immunet.
Key Management for Encrypted Data Storage in Distributed Systems
Venue: Proceedings of the Second IEEE International Security in Storage Workshop (2003)

Confidential data stored on mass storage devices is atrisk to be disclosed to persons getting physical or administratoraccess to the device. Encrypting the data reducesthis risk, at the cost of more cumbersome administration.In this publication, we examine the problem of encrypteddata storage in a grid computing environment,where storage capacity and data is shared across organizationalboundaries. We propose an architecture thatallows users to store and share encrypted data in this environment.Access to decryption keys is granted based onthe grids data access permissions. The system is thereforeusable as an additional security feature togetherwith a classical access control mechanism. Data ownerscan choose different tradeoffs of security versusefficiency. Storage servers need not to be trusted and commonaccess control models are supported.
Diagnosing Key Needs for Emergent B2B in SMB's
Authors: Enrique David Espinosa, Angeles Junco, Jorge Ramirez, Fernando Ramos, Erendida Rubio, Miriam Vazquez, Raul Cardenas
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on E-Commerce Technology (2004)

Small and Medium Sized Businesses (SMB's) in Mexico, and worldwide, constitute a huge growth opportunity for high tech companies. However, the technological resources that they employ are ¿ in general ¿ in the early stages, and many of them are underfinanced. In order to improve the search for technological and business plans that support the increase of revenue, market expansion and/or cost reduction within the SMB, we present innovations to traditional surveying techniques, such as inspectional and case-based diagnosing tools based on multimedia and Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG). We propose that this will render a higher level of veracity in the diagnosis process. As a result, we propose a model and software that will help survey SMB executives in an inspectionable fashion and, after an analysis of the answers, provide them with the key elements of a business plan (i.e. suggested business actions, and data) to favor the introduction of B2B in the SMB.
GI-Cat: a Web Service for Dataset Cataloguing Based on ISO 19115
Authors: L. Bigagli, S. Nativi, P. Mazzetti, G. Villoresi
Venue: Proceedings of the Database and Expert Systems Applications, 15th International Workshop (2004)

In this article, we present the GI-Cat service: a SOAP-based web service providing basic functionalities for GI dataset cataloguing and access. The GI-Cat object model schema is instance of the hierarchical, semi-structured data model and is based on the ISO 19115 data model. GI-Cat requirements, information model (resources and accompanying metadata) and functional modules are introduced. Some of the architectural and technological aspects of an experimental implementation of the service are briefly described. Eventually, we relate GI-Cat to OWS¿ specifications. The proposed solution is being currently experimented in the framework of the COS(OT) project, that is part of the Italian National Operating Program on Scientific and Technological Research and High Education.
Display of holistic haptic sensations by combined tactile and kinesthetic feedback
Authors: Peter Kammermeier, Alexander Kron, Jens Hoogen, Günther Schmidt
Venue: Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments (2004)

This article presents conceptual as well as experimental work toward the display of holistic haptic sensations in telepresence and virtual environment applications. (In this context holistic is understood in the sense of "not neglecting an essential component.") In contrast to most existing developments, the presented haptic human-system interface is a combination of dedicated subsystems for both kinesthetic and tactile display. With respect to the mechanical coupling of both subsystems, we propose two basic approaches. One is based on a parallel kinematic system setup and forms the conceptual basis of a multifingered experimental feedback device generating vibrotactile, thermal, and wrist/finger kinesthetic stimuli. Another is to demonstrate the potential to reduce the design complexity of tactile display sub-systems in haptic human-system interfaces with a serial kinematic structure. For verification purposes, a tactile actuator array providing spatially distributed tactile shape display on a single fingertip has been combined with a single-fingered kinesthetic display. Each of the investigated combined haptic systems features significant functional advances compared to existing developments. The usability of our systems has been demonstrated in haptic exploration and object identification experiments in virtual environments.
A Prediction Model for the Drug Efficacy of Interferon in CHC Patients Based on SNPs
Authors: Eugene Lin, Dennis Chen, Yuchi Hwang, Ashely Chang, Z. John Gu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE Computational Systems Bioinformatics Conference (2004)

In the studies of pharmacogenomics, genetic predisposition information, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), can be used to understand the relationship between genetic variations (or population variations) and drug efficacy. In this paper, a prediction model is resulted from analyzing chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patientýs SNPs, comparing to control groups, to predict the responsiveness of interferon (IFN) combination treatment. We have developed an advanced methodology with the combination of artificial neural network (ANN) and other algorithms to achieve a prediction with high accuracy among the patients. Filtering through thousands of SNPs of 150 genes, we found nearly 30 SNPs relevant to the responsiveness of IFN. With a statistical analysis of sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), positive prediction value (PPV), and negative prediction value (NPV), our model achieves a higher successful rate of prediction, i.e., > 90% accuracy. This model allows patients and doctors to make more informed decisions based on SNP genotyping data. The data was generated in the high-throughput genomics lab of Vita Genomics, Inc.
An analysis of update ordering in distributed replication systems
Authors: Wanlei Zhou, Li Wang, Weijia Jia
Venue: Future Generation Computer Systems (2004)

This paper analyses update ordering and its impact on the performance of a distributed replication system. We propose a model for update orderings and constraints and develop a number of algorithms for implementing different ordering constraints. A performance study is then carried out to analyse the update-ordering model. We show that our model allows the definition of an ordering constraint on each update operation, and the ordering implementation takes account of detailed inter-operation semantics denoted by commutative operations and causal operations to reduce unnecessary delay and results; in a better response time for update requests.
Block-level link analysis
Authors: Deng Cai, Xiaofei He, Ji-Rong Wen, Wei-Ying Ma
Venue: Proceedings of the 27th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval (2004)

Link Analysis has shown great potential in improving the performance of web search. PageRank and HITS are two of the most popular algorithms. Most of the existing link analysis algorithms treat a web page as a single node in the web graph. However, in most cases, a web page contains multiple semantics and hence the web page might not be considered as the atomic node. In this paper, the web page is partitioned into blocks using the vision-based page segmentation algorithm. By extracting the page-to-block, block-to-page relationships from link structure and page layout analysis, we can construct a semantic graph over the WWW such that each node exactly represents a single semantic topic. This graph can better describe the semantic structure of the web. Based on block-level link analysis, we proposed two new algorithms, Block Level PageRank and Block Level HITS, whose performances we study extensively using web data.
Exploring Collaboration with Group Pointer Interaction
Authors: Florian Vogt, Justin Wong, Barry A. Po, Ritchie Argue, S. Sidney Fels, Kellogg S. Booth
Venue: Proceedings of the Computer Graphics International (2004)

Enabling group collaboration is important incomputer graphics today. We have developed aframework that supports multiple pointing devices toexplore the collaborative utility of multiple mice andlaser pointer interaction in graphical environments.Because most pointing device comparisons are done inthe context of single user performance, very little isknown about the affordances of collaborating withmultiple pointing devices. We present an experimentalcomparison of mouse pointer to laser pointerinteraction in a problem-solving task involving groupsof one, two, and three people. We show thatcollaborative performance is largely orthogonal tomotor performance and that the interaction patternsare dependent on the task and on the group size. Thissuggests that the collaborative characteristics of apointing device are just as important as the physicalcharacteristics that are usually given the mostattention, such as precision and accuracy.
Using Development History Sticky Notes to Understand Software Architecture
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th IEEE International Workshop on Program Comprehension (2004)

Maintenance of evolving software systems has become themost frequently performed activity by software developers.A good understanding of the software system is needed to reducethe cost and length of this activity. Various approachesand tools have been proposed to assist in this process suchas code browsers, slicing techniques, etc. These techniquesneglect to use a central and vital piece of data available - thehistorical modification records stored in source control systems.These records offer a rich and detailed account of theevolution of the software system to its current state.In this paper, we present an approach which recovers valuableinformation from source control systems and attachesthis information to the static dependency graph of a softwaresystem. We call this recovered information - SourceSticky Notes. We show how to use these notes along withthe software reflexion framework to assist in understandingthe architecture of large software systems. To demonstratethe viability of our approach, we apply it to understand thearchitecture of NetBSD - a large open source operating system.
Spatio-Temporal Data Services in a Shared-Nothing Environment
Authors: Marios Hadjieleftheriou, Vassil Kriakov, Yangui Tao, George Kollios, Alex Delis, Vassilis J. Tsotras
Venue: Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management (2004)

Recently, there has been a proliferation of applicationsthat produce spatio-temporal data that has to be processed,stored and queried efficiently. These applications necessitatethe execution of millions of updates in order to keep the underlying database up-to-date. Consequently, there is a need for spatio-temporal data management systems that are ableto support such update intensive operations. Moreover, thesesystems should offer users the capability to examine presentas well as past (historical) data versions in an on-line fashion.We propose a system that exploits the inherent parallelism of ashared-nothing computing environment for storing and indexing the spatio-temporal data. We describe our proposed system architecture, data organization, and outline techniquesfor ensuring robustness and scalability under excessive queryloads and high update rates.
Visualizing Sunsets through Inhomogeneous Atmospheres
Authors: F. J. Seron, D. Gutierrez, G. Gutierrez, E. Cerezo
Venue: Proceedings of the Computer Graphics International (2004)

In this paper, it is described a method of curvedray tracing capable of depicting phenomena that arise,under certain conditions, when light propagatesthrough an inhomogeneous atmosphere. As anexample application the distortions in the sphericalshape of the sun during sunsets are modelled,including split suns, flattened suns and double suns.Nevertheless, the method is general and can be appliedto any media in which the index of refraction is afunction of the position.
Minority report in fraud detection: classification of skewed data
Authors: Clifton Phua, Damminda Alahakoon, Vincent Lee
Venue: ACM SIGKDD Explorations Newsletter (2004)

This paper proposes an innovative fraud detection method, built upon existing fraud detection research and Minority Report, to deal with the data mining problem of skewed data distributions. This method uses backpropagation (BP), together with naive Bayesian (NB) and C4.5 algorithms, on data partitions derived from minority oversampling with replacement. Its originality lies in the use of a single meta-classifier (stacking) to choose the best base classifiers, and then combine these base classifiers' predictions (bagging) to improve cost savings (stacking-bagging). Results from a publicly available automobile insurance fraud detection data set demonstrate that stacking-bagging performs slightly better than the best performing bagged algorithm, C4.5, and its best classifier, C4.5 (2), in terms of cost savings. Stacking-bagging also outperforms the common technique used in industry (BP without both sampling and partitioning). Subsequently, this paper compares the new fraud detection method (meta-learning approach) against C4.5 trained using undersampling, oversampling, and SMOTEing without partitioning (sampling approach). Results show that, given a fixed decision threshold and cost matrix, the partitioning and multiple algorithms approach achieves marginally higher cost savings than varying the entire training data set with different class distributions. The most interesting find is confirming that the combination of classifiers to produce the best cost savings has its contributions from all three algorithms.
MDDQL-Stat: Data Querying and Analysis through Integration of Intentional and Extensional Semantics
Authors: Epaminondas Kapetanios, David Baer, Bjorn Glaus, Paul Groenewoud
Venue: Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management (2004)

We would like to present a prototype system enabling arather empirical than a formal approach to the problemof posing queries to a semantically rich (quality aspects,semantic distance, etc.) data integration system {G,S,M}(Global schema, Sources, Mediation) through integrationnot only of intensional but also of extensional semantics.While the first is provided by an alphabet A{g}, as given byan ontology based global schema G, and a high level querylanguage (conjunction/disjunction + inequalities + statisticaloperations), the latter enables synthesizing of datasource specific and previously transformed query results accordingto well-defined set operations for heterogeneous,distributed data sources. Our approach contrasts with otherGAV (Global-As-View) related architectures for mediationof integrated read-only views, in that it simplifies query processingwhile preserving flexibility when adding new datasources, despite the inherited complexity of mappings dueto enhanced semantic description of data (semantic distance,quality parameters, etc.) such that statistical resultsand comparisons become more meaningful.