ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
The effect of extrinsic motivation on user behavior in a collaborative information finding system
Authors: Bracha Shapira, Paul B. Kantor, Benjamin Melamed
Venue: Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology (2001)

In collaborative information finding systems, evaluations provided by users assist other users with similar needs. This article examines the problem of getting users to provide evaluations, thus overcoming the so-called free-riding behavior of users. Free riders are those who use the information provided by others without contributing evaluations of their own. This article reports on an experiment conducted using the "AntWorld" system, a collaborative information finding system for the Internet, to explore the effect of added motivation on users' behavior. The findings suggest that for the system to be effective, users must be motivated either by the environment, or by incentives within the system. The findings suggest that relatively inexpensive extrinsic motivators can produce modest but significant increases in cooperative behavior.
Tradeoffs in probabilistic packet marking for IP traceback
Authors: Micah Adler
Venue: Proceedings of the thiry-fourth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing (2002)

There has been considerable recent interest in probabilistic packet marking schemes for the problem of tracing a sequence of network packets back to an anonymous source. An important consideration for such schemes is the number of packet header bits that need to be allocated to the marking protocol. Let b denote this value. All previous schemes belong to a class of protocols for which b must be at least log n, where n is the number of bits used to represent the path of the packets. In this paper, we introduce a new marking technique for tracing a sequence of packets sent along the same path. This new technique is effective even when b=1. In other words, the sequence of packets can be traced back to their source using only a single bit in the packet header. With this scheme, the number of packets required to reconstruct the path is O(22n), but we also show that &omega;(2n) packets are required for any protocol where b=1. We also study the tradeoff between b and the number of packets required. We provide a protocol and a lower bound that together demonstrate that for the optimal protocol, the number of packets required (roughly) increases exponentially with n, but decreases doubly exponentially with b. The protocol we introduce is simple enough to be useful in practice. We also study the case where the packets are sent along k different paths. For this case, we demonstrate that any protocol must use at least log(2k&mdash;1) header bits. We also provide a protocol that requires &lceil;log(2k+1)&rceil; header bits in some restricted scenarios. This protocol introduces a new coding technique that may be of independent interest.
Constructing the User Interface with Statecharts, 1st edition
Authors: Ian Horrocks
Venue:  (1999)

:Despite the obvious power and sophistication of user interface development tools, the majority of user interface software is difficult to understand because it is coded without an overall design. In this book, Ian Horrocks presents a proven technique for designing event-driven software using the UCM architecture and the statechart notation. The statechart approach to constructing user interface software results in code that can be written quickly and easily, tested using white box techniques, repeatedly enhanced over the lifetime of a system, modified with a minimal risk of introducing unwanted side-effects, and regression tested without the need for full re-tests. This book provides a practical guide to constructing real user interfaces for real projects. It is primarily written for practising software engineers, but will also be invaluable to students wishing to gain an insight into user interface construction.
The handbook for reluctant database administrators
Authors: Josef Finsel
Venue:  (2001)

The Handbook for Reluctant Database Administrators is designed to provide a good grasp of what is required for a programmer to design, build, secure, and maintain a database and is written from the point of view of someone who has crossed over from programming to database administration. It covers the core topics of database design, backups and recovery, indexing, stored procedures, user-defined functions, SQL Server error handling as compared to VB error handling, triggers, database security, XML in SQL Server, Data Transformation Services, a special introduction to Performance Tuning, and an overview of how Microsoft's .NET strategy will affect SQL Server.
The Computer Desktop Encyclopedia with CDROM, 2nd edition
Authors: Alan Freedman
Venue:  (1999)

:The Computer Desktop Encyclopedia, Second Edition contains completely updated Internet and World Wide Web terms, new telecommunications technologies and vendors, even a TCP/IP micro-lesson. Outstanding in its coverage, The Encyclopedia includes more than 1,000 pages of clear, concise definitions and explanations of everything you need to know about computers.. "Packed with graphics (more than 750 illustrations altogether) and tutorials, it will appeal to anyone who wants a deeper understanding of all things computer. And, best of all, it comes with a CD-ROM version (complete with Windows help and "how to" entries) so you can keep The Encyclopedia on your computer desktop as well as your bookshelf.
Signal Processing Applications in CDMA Communications, 1st edition
Authors: Hui H. Liu
Venue:  (2000)

:Dramatically improve CDMA system performance using this new book, which contains the most comprehensive description of signal processing treatments for wideband CDMA. Based upon the author's in-depth research of key CDMA signal processing issues, you get solutions to problems such as diversity combining, multiuser detection, channel estimation, and carrier synchronization. Containing a brief CDMA primer, Signal Processing Applications in CDMA Communications features complete signal processing solutions, including blind multiuser detection for CDMA systems with short codes, long codes, and antenna diversities to meet the problems faced in wideband CDMA detection. It helps you design high performance receivers for next generation wideband CDMA networks; addresses critical issues such as multiple access interference in a mobile environment; and helps you save bandwidth. Also included is a description of the new concept of bottom-up wireless system design and "channel aware" medium access control (MAC) that helps you substantially improve the throughput-delay characteristics of an antenna array CDMA network without complicated physical-layer operations. Case studies discussing multi-carrier CDMA and it's pros and cons with respect to regular CDMA are also included. Communication design engineers and graduate-level wireless communications students can make effective use of the extensive equations provided in the book to apply signal processing methodologies to tomorrow's wireless applications.
Alternative loading and dispatching policies for furnace operations in semiconductor manufacturing: a comparison by simulation
Authors: Elif Akçali, Reha Uzsoy, David G. Hiscock, Anne L. Moser, Timothy J. Teyner
Venue: Proceedings of the 32nd conference on Winter simulation (2000)

In semiconductor manufacturing, furnaces are used for diffusion and deposition operations. A furnace is a batch processing machine, which can simultaneously process a number of lots together as a batch. Whenever a furnace becomes available, scheduling the next batch involves decisions on both which operation to process next (dispatching policy) and how many lots to put into the batch (loading policy). A simulation model of a wafer fabrication facility is used to examine the effects of different loading and dispatching policies for diffusion operations. Results indicate that the loading policy has a significant effect on the average diffusion flow time as well as the overall cycle time of the products, whereas dispatching policy has a less significant effect. We show that the production volume of a product should be considered in setting the minimum number of lots needed to start a batch. We suggest that the diffusion flow time for a low volume product can be reduced by releasing the product in batches or by setting the minimum batch size such that the work-in-process of the product can be moved faster.
Machine Learning Methods for Planning
Authors: Steven Minton
Venue:  (1994)

:Research on planning systems has shown that domain knowledge is crucial for effectively coping with complex, changing environments. Unfortunately, acquiring and incorporating the necessary domain knowledge can be a significant problem when building a practical planning system. The knowledge engineering process is typically time-consuming and expensive. Furthermore, if a human expert is not available it may be extremely difficult to obtain the necessary knowledge. One solution is for a system to automatically acquire domain-specific knowledge through learning. The idea of a planning system that can improve its performance with experience is very attractive. Furthermore, advances in machine learning have provided a deeper understanding of learning mechanisms relevant to acquiring such knowledge. For this reason, there is a great deal of interest in this area of artificial intelligence. This book brings together, in one volume, a set of chapters from the primary researchers in the field, presenting a picture of its current state and its likely areas for application. The chapters describe a variety of learning methods-including analogical, case-based, explanation-based, decision-tree, and reinforcement techniques-and a wide range of planning architectures, running the gamut from STRIPS-like systems to problem-reduction architectures to reactive agents. It will draw the interest of AI researchers and system developers, especially those in machine learning, planning, and scheduling, as well as researchers from other fields, such as operations research, that focus on automated planning.
A prototype for an advanced command language
Authors: T. Allen Akin, Perry B. Flinn, Daniel H. Forsyth
Venue: Proceedings of the 16th annual Southeast regional conference (1978)

The traditional view of command languages seems to be that, although they are the user's principal interface to an interactive computing environment, they serve merely as a medium for the invocation of other programs and, as such, do not deserve the same level of attention given to programming languages. It seems an axiom that command languages are destined to be opaque, irregular and awkward to use. It is our feeling, however, that because of their central involvement in the use of a computer system, command languages should be powerful, concise and regular; in short, aids to the user in his interaction with the system rather than obstacles to be overcome.In this paper we discuss a prototype for an advanced command language designed to facilitate the use of the computer as a tool by incorporating features that we have found useful in day-to-day experience: uniform invocation of system commands, user programs and command files; easy interconnection of programs, encouraging reusable, functional modules; variables and control structures; and dynamic command line facilities.Many of the concepts found herein are adapted from existing systems, notably the Multics [1] and UNIX [2] operating systems, while the underlying philosophy of computers and programs as tools is inspired by the book Software Tools, by Brian W. Kernighan and P. J. Plauger [3].
Que's Computer User's Dictionary
Authors: Bryan Pfaffenberger
Venue:  (1992)

:Upgraded, updated, and revised to cover all the latest technology and computer issues, this edition covers more than ever before. Users will find it perfect for home, office, or academic use!Insider tips help users work harder and smarterNew topics cover latest information on networking, the Internet, computer sex, faxing, modems and moreClear, concise, "everyday user" explanations
Chat rooms as "Virtual Hangouts" for rural elementary students
Authors: Faith A. McCreary, Roger W. Ehrich, Melissa Lisanti
Venue: Information Technology in Childhood Education Annual (2001)

This article is a description of how 24 rural, 5th-grade students with home Internet access used an Internet chat application after school and how this usage changed during a one-year period. Study results have implications for curriculum design (e.g., how teachers can use chat to stimulate collaborative learning after school), student-teacher interactions (e.g., how can teachers maintain their authority in this new environment), and research (e.g., how does gender affect student usage of chat).
Executable declarative business rules and their use in electronic commerce
Authors: G. Antoniou, M. Arief
Venue: Proceedings of the 2002 ACM symposium on Applied computing (2002)

Business rules are statements which are used to run the activities of an organization. In the era of electronic commerce it is important for these rules to be represented explicitly, and to be automatically applicable. In this paper we argue that methods from the field of knowledge representation can be used for this purpose. In particular, we propose the use of defeasible reasoning, a simple but efficient reasoning method based on rules and priorities. We motivate the use of defeasible reasoning, give examples, describe two case studies, and outline current and future work in our research.
New phase 1 exchange mode for IKE framework
Authors: J. M. Sierra, S. J. Shepherd
Venue: ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review (2000)

This paper describes some new extensions to the IKE Exchange Mode framework which both simplify the protocol and make each stage of the protocol more efficient. This will allow considerably faster security associations to be accomplished which is critical to system performance in time-limited protocols.
The iMac for Dummies, 2nd edition
Authors: David Pogue
Venue:  (1999)

:Award-winning author David Pogue, who wrote the top-selling Macs For Dummies, now turns his razor-sharp wit and unparalleled insight on the newest addition to the Mac family. The iMac For Dummies takes you all the way from the On button to the Internet, with absolutely no technical expertise required. Nail the basics from cutting and pasting to printing files; master Mac graphics, music, and speech capabilities; accessorize to your heart's content with iMac USB ports; and troubleshoot your way out of any sticky situation with Pogue's sound advice and hilarious style.
Wide-area information access to multimedia historical sources
Authors: Tim Mills, Ken Moody
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th workshop on ACM SIGOPS European workshop: Systems support for worldwide applications (1996)

An object-oriented model has been developed for heterogeneous multimedia data; this model underlies Cobra, a content-based retrieval architecture, which allows quick construction of powerful tools for wide area information access. The system is to be evaluated through case studies, the first of which is a search engine for historical records.
MCSE Training Kit: Microsoft Windows 2000 Professional
Authors: Microsoft Corporation
Venue:  (2000)

:This official Microsoft training kit offers IT professionals comprehensive self-paced training on how to install, configure and administer the Windows 2000 Professional desktop operating system-as they prepare for the corresponding MCP exam 70-210 - a core requirement on the new MCSA track. Topics include setting up and troubleshooting the software; monitoring and optimizing system resources such as files, printers, and applications; and configuring hardware devices and drivers.
Organizational Learning: Creating, Retaining, and Transferring Knowledge, 1st edition
Authors: Linda Argote
Venue:  (1999)

:Organizational Learning: Creating, Retaining and Transferring Knowledge describes and integrates the results of research on factors explaining organizational learning curves and the persistence and transfer of productivity gains acquired through experience. Chapter One provides an overview of research on organizational learning curves. Chapter Two introduces the concept of organizational 'forgetting' or knowledge depreciation. Chapter Three discusses the concept of organizational memory. Chapter Four argues that analyzing small groups provides understanding at a micro level of the social processes through which organizations create and combine knowledge. Chapter Five describes results on knowledge transfer. Chapter Six discusses various tensions and trade-offs in the organizational learning process.
A UML statecharts semantics with message-passing
Authors: Jan Jürjens
Venue: Proceedings of the 2002 ACM symposium on Applied computing (2002)

We give a formal semantics for one of the main UML diagram types for dynamical system behavior: statechart diagrams. This is the first semantics which explicitly models message-passing between different diagrams. It therefore lays a first foundation for executable UML modeling, allowing whole systems of UML specifications (rather than single diagrams) to be simulated.
Directional Morphological Filtering
Authors: Pierre Soille, Hugues Talbot
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (2001)

We show that a translation invariant implementation of min/max filters along a line segment of slope in the form of an irreducible fraction $dy/dx$ can be achieved at the cost of $2+k$ min/max comparisons per image pixel, where $k=\max(|dx|,|dy|)$. Therefore, for a given slope, the computation time is constant and independent of the length of the line segment. We then present the notion of periodic moving histogram algorithm. This allows for a similar performance to be achieved in the more general case of rank filters and rank-based morphological filters. Applications to the filtering of thin nets and computation of both granulometries and orientation fields are detailed. Finally, two extensions are developed. The first deals with the decomposition of discrete disks and arbitrarily oriented discrete rectangles, while the second concerns min/max filters along gray tone periodic line segments.
Freehand Graphics Studio 7: The Comprehensive Guide, 10th edition
Authors: R. Shamms Mortier
Venue:  (1997)

:Express your creative powers to the fullest in print, on the Web, on CD-ROM - anywhere sophisticated imagery is in demand. Step-by-step exercises and practical examples help you master each component in FreeHand Graphics Studio, providing professional guidelines for using them separately, in partnership, and in conjunction with third-party products. Learn to create unique effects and vector art in FreeHand; master bitmap painting options in xRes; sculpt, texture, and render 3D models in Extreme 3D; design a myriad of textures in 2D and 3D; develop complete Web pages using any or all FreeHand Graphics Studio's 7 modules; and add hotspots and create clickable ImageMaps with FreeHand, xRes, and Extreme 3D.
Word 6 for Windows (Mastering)
Authors: Ron Mansfield
Venue:  (1993)

:Turn here for practical treatment of everything from start-up basics to advanced power tools. You'll find expanded coverage of OLE, macros, mail merge, forms, and customization; hundreds of Word 6 tips; recipes for hot-looking documents; and new material on Word 6.0c's image-editing capability and support for Notes FX.
Windows Wisdom for C and C++ Programmers
Authors: Leendert Ammeraal
Venue:  (1993)

:The learn-by-example method used in this highly practical book is particularly suited to programmers new to Windows and unfamiliar with its technical terminology. If you want to take advantage of the class libraries by either Microsoft or Borland, with their C++ compilers - or you plan to develop a Windows application in plain C - this book will show you the way in clear and structured steps. To avoid getting bogged down in unnecessary detail, the author uses a variety of simple examples which are suitable for modification to solve real problems. For convenience, these programs are supplied on a disk included with the book.
Problems of rule induction from preterm birth data
Authors: Jerzy W. Grzymała-Busse, Linda K. Goodwin, Witold J. Grzymała-Busse, Xinqun Zheng
Venue: New learning paradigms in soft computing (2002)

This study is concerned with the design and analysis of digital systems using fuzzy neurocomputing. Some basic definitions of fuzzy-logic neurons, fundamental neural architectures, learning strategies and interpretation of their results are presented. We promote a concept of embedding principle: an original Boolean problem is represented in the language of fuzzy sets, afterwards solved through learning, and, finally, the result of learning re-interpreted in terms of two-valued logic. We show the fuzzy neurons in a standard design of combinational systems including a minimization of incompletely specified Boolean functions (viz. Those involving don't care conditions) and Boolean functions with many outputs. It is also claimed that this approach supports reverse engineering in the sense that once the architecture of the Boolean circuit has been leaned, one can interpret the fuzzy logic network in order to gain an insight into the nature of rules governing the data.
PowerBuilder: Building Client Server Applications
Authors: Paul Mahler
Venue:  (1995)

:Here is a fast, practical "hands-on" introduction to writing bulletproof client/server applications with PowerBuilder from PowerSoft. Mahler doesn't only teach PowerBuilder, but also the object-oriented, client/server and database concepts you need to be successful. The guide covers both the Desktop and Enterprise editions of PowerBuilder. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Fine tone control in hardware hatching
Authors: Matthew Webb, Emil Praun, Adam Finkelstein, Hugues Hoppe
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd international symposium on Non-photorealistic animation and rendering (2002)

Recent advances in NPR have enabled real-time rendering of 3D models shaded with hatching strokes for use in interactive applications. The key challenges in real-time hatching are to convey tone by dynamically adjusting stroke density, while controlling stroke size and maintaining frame-to-frame coherence. In this paper, we introduce two new real-time hatching schemes that leverage recent advances in texture mapping hardware. Both schemes provide enhanced control of tone, thereby avoiding blending or aliasing artifacts present in previous systems. The first scheme, which relies on volume rendering hardware, admits the use of color. The second scheme, which uses pixel shaders, allows per-pixel lighting operations such as texture modulation. Both schemes run at interactive rates on inexpensive PC graphics cards.
Evolution 2: Far off Promise
Authors: CORPORATE Scruffy Productions Staff
Venue:  (2000)

:The sequel to the best selling RPG on Sega's Dreamcast, Evolution 2: Far Off Promise is the next masterful chapter for top-notch adventurer Mag and his friends. EVOLUTION 2: FAR OFF PROMISE--PRIMA'S OFFICIAL STRATEGY GUIDE is the only way to make sure that the strong survive. Complete lists of recoverable artifacts, maps, and weapons/items tables will keep you moving through this mysterious new adventure, and get you home in one piece. Secret areas are explored, walkthroughs are charted, and the tale unfolds--don't miss the train! PRIMA is your ticket home from Museville. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Word 6 for Windows (SmartStart), 1st edition
Authors: Que Corporation
Venue:  (1995)

:The quickest, easiest way to master the basics!*Projects show students how to apply skills.*Full-color screens guide students through step-by-step tutorials.*'Computerese' defined in plain English.*More easy-to-follow examples inside.