ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Keyboarding & Formatting Essentials, Complete Course, Lessons 1-120, 2nd edition
Authors: Susie VanHuss, Connie Forde, Donna Woo, Laura Hefferin
Venue:  (2007)

Save time and money with this all-in-one keyboarding textbook. This comprehensive text provides three semesters of keyboarding and document formatting instruction. KEYBOARDING ESSENTIALS 2E: KEYBOARDING & FORMATTING COMPLETE COURSE includes all 120 lessons in one convenient text, so you can learn the keyboard and basic document formatting and then move onto mastering the formats of business documents without changing texts.
Help From Strangers --Media Arts In Ambient Intelligence Research
Authors: Marc Böhlen
Venue: Proceeding of the 2007 conference on Advances in Ambient Intelligence (2007)

Media Arts have acquired informal expertise in the design of spaces and events shared by sentient systems and people. Because of this, Media Arts should be of interest to investigators as they begin to seriously consider social interactions as an integral part of the Ambient Intelligence research agenda.
What Made Student Teachers Sustain Their Interests in an Educational Game?
Authors: Eugenia M. W. Ng, Lap Piu Lee
Venue: Proceeding of the 2005 conference on Towards Sustainable and Scalable Educational Innovations Informed by the Learning Sciences: Sharing Good Practices of Research, Experimentation and Innovation (2005)

This paper discusses an exploratory study that aimed to examine the underlying factors that motivated student teachers to play an educational game. We observed more than 60% of them played the game until the end of the period. The duration that players engaged with the game was found to be positively related to their perceived ease of the game and also the challenging nature of the game. It implied that intrinsic motivation was a salient factor which sustained players' interests.
On the limits of the communication complexity technique for proving lower bounds on the size of minimal NFA's
Authors: Juraj Hromkovi, Holger Petersen, Georg Schnitger
Venue: Theoretical Computer Science (2009)

In contrast to the minimization of deterministic finite automata (DFA's), the task of constructing a minimal nondeterministic finite automaton (NFA) for a given NFA is PSPACE-complete. Moreover, there are no polynomial approximation algorithms with a constant approximation ratio for estimating the number of states of minimal NFA's. Since one is unable to efficiently estimate the size of a minimal NFA in an efficient way, one should ask at least for developing mathematical proof methods that help to prove good lower bounds on the size of a minimal NFA for a given regular language. Here we consider the robust and most successful lower bound proof technique that is based on communication complexity. In this paper it is proved that even a strong generalization of this method fails for some concrete regular languages. ''To fail'' is considered here in a very strong sense. There is an exponential gap between the size of a minimal NFA and the achievable lower bound for a specific sequence of regular languages. The generalization of the concept of communication protocols is also strong here. It is shown that cutting the input word into 2^O^(^n^^^1^^^/^^^4^) pieces for a size n of a minimal nondeterministic finite automaton and investigating the necessary communication transfer between these pieces as parties of a multiparty protocol does not suffice to get good lower bounds on the size of minimal nondeterministic automata. It seems that for some regular languages one cannot really abstract from the automata model that cuts the input words into particular symbols of the alphabet and reads them one by one using its input head.
Increase Student Viewership with Striking Titles
Authors: Scott Buros
Venue: eLearn (2009)

Few designers put much effort into creating a striking title for their e-learning projects. The title is usually a dull summary of the content or a cliché phrase. Rarely are we surprised by a creative presentation title. If you make money on course access or increase the likelihood of viewership, you will want to incorporate some guidelines into your design practices right away. How can you create a striking title for your project? Here are a few tricks.
Implementation Issues of a Knowledge-based Geographical Information System
Authors: Katerina Kabassi, Eleni Charou, Aristotelis Martinis
Venue: Proceeding of the 2008 conference on Knowledge-Based Software Engineering: Proceedings of the Eighth Joint Conference on Knowledge-Based Software Engineering (2008)

The research presented in this paper introduces a user context approach for the implementation of an adaptive Geographical Information System (GIS). The main focus of the paper is on presenting some implementation issues about the data used and their evaluation with respect to their suitability for the user interacting with the system. For the evaluation of the geographical information, the system uses a simple decision making model and selects the one that seems more appropriate for a user. In this way, the GIS has the ability of adapting its interaction to each user and make interaction more user friendly.
Optimization of Convex Shapes: An Approach to Crystal Shape Identification
Authors: Timo Eirola, Toni Lassila
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Scale Space and Variational Methods in Computer Vision (2009)

We consider a shape identification problem of growing crystals. The shape of the crystal is to be constructed from a single interferometer measurement. This is an ill-posed inverse problem. The forward problem of interferogram from shape is injective if we restrict the problem to convex shapes with known boundary. The problem is formulated as a shape optimization problem. Our aim is to solve this numerically using the gradient descent method. In the numerical computations of this paper we study the behavior of the approach in simplified cases. Using H 1-gradients (inner products) acts as a regularization method. Methods for enforcing the convexity of shapes are discussed.
Robust fuzzy parallel distributed compensation PI control of non-linear plant
Authors: Snejana Yordanova, Bilyana Tabakova
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th WSEAS international conference on Artificial intelligence, knowledge engineering and data bases (2009)

Parallel-distributed compensation (PDC) has proven to be a simple and efficient tool for building of process fuzzy logic controllers (FLCs) for non-linear plants with time delay and model uncertainty. This paper presents the design and the application of a PDC FLC for control of the liquid temperature in a tank via the average heat from electrical heater. First a Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) dynamic model of the non-linear plant is derived using experimental data, collected during the operation of the plant in various operating points under different disturbances. The fuzzy T-S model performs fuzzy blending of three high order inertial linear models, each approximated with Ziegler-Nichols first order time lag with time delay and describing the plant in a local linear sub-domain of operation. Next a PDC FLC is built of three incremental PI linear controllers in the consequents of the corresponding fuzzy rules, each compensating the local linear plant dynamics, and all ensuring a soft switching between control actions. Then the closed loop fuzzy system step response is simulated in MATLAB™. The settling time and the overshoot show that the PDC controller handles set point and disturbance changes better than a conventional PI controller.
Auction Mechanisms for Efficient Advertisement Selection on Public Displays
Authors: Terry Payne, Ester David, Nicholas R. Jennings, Matthew Sharifi
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on ECAI 2006: 17th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence August 29 -- September 1, 2006, Riva del Garda, Italy (2006)

Public electronic displays can be used as an advertising medium when space is a scarce resource, and it is desirable to expose many adverts to as wide an audience as possible. Although the efficiency of such advertising systems can be improved if the display is aware of the identity and interests of the audience, this knowledge is difficult to acquire when users are not actively interacting with the display. To this end, we present BluScreen, an intelligent public display, which selects and displays adverts in response to users detected in the audience. Here, users are identified and their advert viewing history tracked, by detecting any Bluetooth-enabled devices they are carrying (e.g. phones, PDAs, etc.). Within BluScreen we have implemented an agent system that utilises an auction-based marketplace to efficiently select adverts for the display, and deployed this within an installation in our Department. We demonstrate, by means of an empirical evaluation, that the performance of this auction-based mechanism when used with our proposed bidding strategy, efficiently selects the best adverts in response to the audience presence. We bench-marked our advertising method with two other commonly applied selection methods for displaying adverts on public displays; specifically the Round-Robin and the Random approaches. The results show that our auction-based approach, that utilised the novel use of Bluetooth detection, outperforms these two methods by up to 64%.
Successes and New Directions in Data Mining
Authors: Pascal Poncelet, Florent Masseglia, Maguelonne Teisseire
Venue:  (2007)

The problem of mining patterns is becoming a very active research area and efficient techniques have been widely applied to problems in industry, government, and science. From the initial definition and motivated by real-applications, the problem of mining patterns not only addresses the finding of itemsets but also more and more complex patterns. Successes and New Directions in Data Mining addresses existing solutions for data mining, with particular emphasis on potential real-world applications. Capturing defining research on topics such as fuzzy set theory, clustering algorithms, semi-supervised clustering, modeling and managing data mining patterns, and sequence motif mining, this book is an indispensable resource for library collections.
Deterrence under Uncertainty: a Case Study
Authors: Bram Roth
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on Legal Knowledge and Information Systems: JURIX 2006: The Nineteenth Annual Conference (2006)

Deterrence is a relation between strategies of players involved in a game. An index of deterrence is introduced as a quantitative measure of how effective deterrence is. Using this index of deterrence, the relation between payoffs and deterrence is studied in a concrete case. As it turns out, 'more focused' deterrence here typically leads to higher payoffs for the party whose strategies are deterred, and lower payoffs for the party who can play the deterrent strategies.
Where and Who? Person Tracking and Recognition System
Authors: Aristodemos Pnevmatikakis
Venue: Proceeding of the 2007 conference on Emerging Artificial Intelligence Applications in Computer Engineering: Real Word AI Systems with Applications in eHealth, HCI, Information Retrieval and Pervasive Technologies (2007)

Many artificial intelligence applications rely on the ability to locate and recognize the people that are using the provided service. The involved tracking and recognition tasks are grossly different from those of the typical security application. The people are recorded from far away and act naturally. On the other hand, there is typically more than one sensor recording them and the decisions are based on some video stream, not on a single frame. This chapter addresses far-field unconstrained person tracking and video-to-video recognition, effectively answering the questions where are the humans, and who are they.
Electromagnetic Theory for Microwaves and Optoelectronics, 2nd edition
Authors: Keqian Zhang, Dejie Li
Venue:  (2007)

This book is a first year graduate text on electromagnetic fields and waves. At the same time it serves as a useful reference for researchers and engineers in the areas of microwaves and optoelectronics. Following the presentation of the physical and mathematical foundations of electromagnetic theory, the book discusses the field analysis of electromagnetic waves confined in material boundaries, or so-called guided waves, electromagnetic waves in open space, scalar diffraction theory and active devices. The theories and methods presented in the book are foundations of wireless engineering, microwave and millimeter wave techniques, optoelectronics and optical fiber transmission.
Analyzing OPAC use with screen views and eye tracking
Authors: Emi Ishita, Shinji Mine, Masanori Koizumi, Yosuke Miyata, Chihiro Kunimoto, Junko Shiozaki, Keiko Kurata, Shuichi Ueda
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th ACM/IEEE-CS joint conference on Digital libraries (2009)

Eye tracking was used to analyze which elements of which screens were viewed by users searching an Online Public Access Catalog (OPAC). Eye tracking data was obtained for 32 participants performing a known-item search task. The results show that more than 30% of participants did not make effective use of screens offering additional details, and that participants who did, and found the correct answer, gazed at specific screen elements more frequently than participants who gave incorrect answers.
Technical Section: 2D shape morphing via automatic feature matching and hierarchical interpolation
Authors: Wenwu Yang, Jieqing Feng
Venue: Computers and Graphics (2009)

The paper presents a new method to interpolate a pair of 2D shapes that are represented by piecewise linear curves. The method addresses two key problems in 2D shape morphing process: feature correspondence and path interpolation. First, a robust feature metric is defined to measure the similarity of a pair of 2D shapes in terms of visual appearance, orientation and relative size. Based on the metric, an optimal problem is defined and solved to associate the features on the source shape with the corresponding ones on the target shape. Then, a two-level hierarchical approach is proposed to solve the corresponding features interpolation trajectory problem. The algorithm decomposes the input shapes into a pair of corresponding coarse polygons and several pairs of corresponding features. Then the corresponding coarse polygons are interpolated in an as-rigid-as-possible plausible way; meanwhile the corresponding features are interpolated using the intrinsic method. Thus interior distortions of the intermediate shapes could be avoided and the feature details on the input shapes could be well preserved. Experimental results show that the method can generate smooth, natural and visually pleasing 2D shape morphing effects.
A logic-based framework to compute Pareto agreements in one-shot bilateral negotiation
Authors: Azzurra Ragone, Tommaso Di Noia, Eugenio Di Sciascio, Francesco M. Donini
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on ECAI 2006: 17th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence August 29 -- September 1, 2006, Riva del Garda, Italy (2006)

We propose a logic-based approach to automated oneshot multi-issue bilateral negotiation. We use logic in two ways: (1) a logic theory to represent relations among issues --e.g., logical implication --in contrast with approaches that describe issues as uncorrelated with each other; (2) utilities over formulas to represent agents having preferences over different bundles of issues. In this case, the utility assigned to a bundle is not necessarily the sum of utilities assigned to single elements in the bundle itself.We illustrate the theoretical framework and the one-shot negotiation protocol, which makes use of a facilitator to compute some particular Pareto-efficient outcomes. We prove the computational adequacy of our method by studying the complexity of the problem of finding Pareto-efficient solutions in a propositional logic setting.
Analyzing a complaint database by means of a genetic-based data mining algorithm
Authors: Jan van Dijk, Sunil Choenni, Frans Leeuw
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law (2009)

In this paper, we have analyzed the complaint database of the National Ombudsman who handles complaints with regard to almost all government organizations in the Netherlands. We searched for trends with regard to complaints and handling of complaints during a period of 25 years. For this purpose, we have applied a combination of conventional database techniques and a genetic-based mining algorithm. Our experience is that such a combination and the guidance by domain experts are necessary to produce useful and interesting results.
From frequency to pitch, and from pitch class to musical key: shared principles of learning and perception
Authors: Jamshed J. Bharucha
Venue: Connection Science (2009)

This article addresses the modelling of harmony and pitch, highlighting the parallels across these two domains. The harmony model involves mapping from tone classes to chords and keys using self-organisation, and accounts for a range of psychological data. The pitch model involves mapping from frequency spectra to pitch (spectral and virtual) using self-organisation and also accounts for key results on pitch perception. The result is a scheme that is built hierarchically from frequency to keys, going through intermediate levels of pitch, pitch class, and chords. Both models account for fusion and for the implication of missing features when sufficient context is present. An architecture is suggested for mapping absolute pitch into a pitch-invariant format, using keys as mapping units. A similar architecture is suggested for mapping frequency spectra into a format in which the relative structure of spectra are preserved across changes in pitch. Key units and pitch units are thus thought to play roles as mapping units.
Scaffolding Thinking for Novice Video Producers in a Design Critique Discussion
Authors: Yiong Hwee Teo
Venue: Proceeding of the 2005 conference on Towards Sustainable and Scalable Educational Innovations Informed by the Learning Sciences: Sharing Good Practices of Research, Experimentation and Innovation (2005)

Engaging novice designers in case-based critique discussion is a good way to learn design principles. This study looks at a group of pre-service teachers engaging in design critique discussion in the course of their video production projects using a computer supported collaborative learning environment, Knowledge Community. The purpose of this study is to scaffold critical thinking in students' discourse using Socratic thinking. Various categories of Socratic thinking prompts in the form of sentence openers were designed to scaffold participants' critical thinking. Findings indicate that statements made using sentence openers contributed to the highest number of in-depth comments and helped students get started, become more focused and to think further. Socratic sentence openers hold promise in making learners' thinking explicit and offer facilitators insights to participants' shortcomings in thinking that need remediation. This research contributes to the skant literature on using Socratic thinking in online discussion.
Oxygen vacancy levels and interfaces of Al2O3
Authors: D. Liu, J. Robertson
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2009)

We have calculated the oxygen vacancy levels in Al"2O"3 using first principles methods. They are found to lie just below midgap in the oxide, equivalent to below the Si valence band edge when aligned to the silicon band structure. This low energy accounts for the behaviour of Al"2O"3 in oxide capping layers and as an insulator in future Flash memory.
Dynamic bundle methods
Authors: Alexandre Belloni, Claudia Sagastiz&#x00e1;bal
Venue: Mathematical Programming: Series A and B (2009)

Lagrangian relaxation is a popular technique to solve difficult optimization problems. However, the applicability of this technique depends on having a relatively low number of hard constraints to dualize. When there are many hard constraints, it may be preferable to relax them dynamically, according to some rule depending on which multipliers are active. From the dual point of view, this approach yields multipliers with varying dimensions and a dual objective function that changes along iterations. We discuss how to apply a bundle methodology to solve this kind of dual problems. Our framework covers many separation procedures to generate inequalities that can be found in the literature, including (but not limited to) the most violated inequality. We analyze the resulting dynamic bundle method giving a positive answer for its primal-dual convergence properties, and, under suitable conditions, show finite termination for polyhedral problems.
An Advancement-Record System Using Knowledge Adaptable to Children's Developmental Stages
Authors: Kimio Shintani, Aki Kono, Masaya Asano, Hirohide Haga, Shigeo Kaneda
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on Knowledge-Based Software Engineering: Proceedings of the Seventh Joint Conference on Knowledge-Based Software Engineering (2006)

Recently, advancement-record systems for early childhood education have been commercially marketed in Japan. The academic advancement of children is recorded by using knowledge constructed from many advancement-inspection items. Such a record is required by law, and it's effective for third-party appraisal by the Japanese government. The knowledge conventionally used in such a system, however, has two major limitations. One is the subjective score selection. The advancement score is recorded in ambiguous expressions, such as “possible,” “almost possible,” and “impossible.” The other limitation is that the items are fixed for each school year. If the highest score is selected at the starting point of one school year, the nursery teacher cannot read any developmental process from a constant item value for one year, even if the item is evaluated every month. To resolve these problems, this paper proposes an advancement-record system that uses a new type of knowledge. This knowledge has two key features: 1) Objective score selection based on Vygotsky's psychological theory of “The Zone of Proximal Development,” and 2) Re-designed knowledge using items that can be chosen freely, according to the advancement stage of each child. The proposed system thus provides more detailed daily observation of child development as well as statistical analysis of advancement scores.
Simulating a non multi echelon supply chain model using Berkeley Madonna software: a system dynamics approach
Authors: Claudia Caballini, Roberto Revetria
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th WSEAS international conference on System science and simulation in engineering (2008)

The objective of this paper is to model and simulate a non-echelon supply chain consisting of five levels (customer, retailer, wholesaler, distributor and factory), utilizing a system dynamic approach with Berkeley Madonna software, with the main goal of showing the typical "bullwhip effect" and to find some effective solutions to its destructive effects. In section 1, a brief introduction regarding the reference context and the use of system dynamics in supply chain management is proposed, together with the objectives of the paper. The utilized research methodology and the system dynamics model developed utilizing the Berkeley Madonna software are showed in section 2; some assumptions and simplifications are highlighted. In section 3 obtained results are showed, together with some highlights on the optimization phase (that will be presented in a following work); finally, in section 4, conclusions and recommendations are presented.