ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Item-Based Top-N Recommendation Algorithms
Authors: George Karypis
Venue: Proceedings of the tenth international conference on Information and knowledge management (2001)

The explosive growth of the world-wide-web and the emergence of e-commerce has led to the development of recommender systems---a personalized information filtering technology used to identify a set of N items that will be of interest to a certain user. User-based Collaborative filtering is the most successful technology for building recommender systems to date, and is extensively used in many commercial recommender systems. Unfortunately, the computational complexity of these methods grows linearly with the number of customers that in typical commercial applications can grow to be several millions. To address these scalability concerns item-based recommendation techniques have been developed that analyze the user-item matrix to identify relations between the different items, and use these relations to compute the list of recommendations.In this paper we present one such class of item-based recommendation algorithms that first determine the similarities between the various items and then used them to identify the set of items to be recommended. The key steps in this class of algorithms are (i) the method used to compute the similarity between the items, and (ii) the method used to combine these similarities in order to compute the similarity between a basket of items and a candidate recommender item. Our experimental evaluation on five different datasets show that the proposed item-based algorithms are up to 28 times faster than the traditional user-neighborhood based recommender systems and provide recommendations whose quality is up to 27% better.
How to Use 1-2-3 for Windows
Authors: Christopher J. Benz
Venue:  (1995)

:Everything you need is right before your eyes. Do you need to keep track of expenses? Make business forecasts? Create a chart for a presentation? Just open up How to Use 1-2-3 and you'll find your answer - clearly presented and beautifully illustrated on two facing pages. Simple steps and accompanying pictures guide you smoothly to success in minutes.
Proceedings of the 6th workshop on ACM SIGOPS European workshop: Matching operating systems to application needs
Venue: ACM SIGOPS European Workshop (1994)

Welcome to the 1994 edition of the SIGOPS European Workshop. The first took place ten years ago in Zfirich, on the theme "Network Operating Systems". The following ones took place in Amsterdam, on "Making Distributed Systems Work"; in Cambridge, on "Autonomy and Interdependence in Distributed Systems"; in Bologna, on "Fault Tolerance Support in Distributed Systems", and in Le Mont Saint-Michel, on "Models and Paradigms for Distributed Systems Structuring".Perhaps as a reflection of a different style of research w.r.t, the US, the European Workshop traditionally invites new ideas and encourages discussions that do not fit in the more result-oriented conferences such as SOSP or Usenix. To continue this tradition, we set this year's theme to "Matching Operating Systems to Application Needs".We received 53 submissions. Because of space constraints, and to maintain the high quality of the Workshop, the Program Commitee set up a strict selection procedure. Doing it the old wa)~ we held a physical meeting in Paris in June. It was an active and productive meeting, and we feel we did a better selection job than could have been done electronically. We selected twenty papers for formal presentation, on the basis of ability to foster discussion, appropriateness to the workshop topic, technical soundness, and quality of exposition. Twenty more authors will be attending the workshop. All will have ample time for both formal and informal discussion. The participants represent both the traditional OS research community and some more unusual application areas; they come from industry and academia, mostly from the US and Europe.To increase the effectiveness of the meeting, we have encouraged authors to read in advance each other's position paper. We set up a private FTP repository, open only to the attendees. Attendees have been encouraged to deposit their paper, and to read others' before the workshop.We plan to publish a summary of the discussions, along a selection of the best papers, in a forthcoming issue of Operating Systems Review.
Hierarchical presentation of expansion terms
Authors: Hideo Joho, Claire Coverson, Mark Sanderson, Micheline Beaulieu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2002 ACM symposium on Applied computing (2002)

Different presentations of candidate expansion terms have not been fully explored in interactive query expansion (IQE). Most existing systems that offer an IQE facility use a list form of presentation. This paper examines an hierarchical presentation of the expansion terms which are automatically generated from a set of retrieved documents, organised in a general to specific manner, and visualised by cascade menus. To evaluate the effectiveness of the presentation, a user test was carried out to compare the hierarchical form with the conventional list form. This shows that users of the hierarchy can complete the expansion task in less time and with fewer terms over those using the lists. Relations between initial query terms and selected expansion terms were also investigated.
Parallel traversal of signature trees for fast CBIR
Authors: Aaron Davidson, John Anvik, Mario A. Nascimento
Venue: Proceedings of the 2001 ACM workshops on Multimedia: multimedia information retrieval (2001)

This paper presents a technique for searching a memory-resident signature tree (S-tree) in a parallel fashion. Our implementation uses a very compact binary signature for the images' global colour histogram thus allowing the use of main-memory to store and search a reasonably sized image main-memory to store and search a reasonably sized image collection. Our results show that our parallel search of an S-tree is able to achieve good speedups; for instance, a 50,000 signature S-tree, with a branching factor of 8, searched using 4 processors is 3 times faster than using a single processor.
Game Graphics in C++
Authors: Len Dorfman
Venue:  (1995)

:Intermediate- and advanced-level C graphics and animation programmers who want to crank their skills up a notch will find here everything they need to start programming re-usable graphics objects for dazzling animation and special effects using C++. The included disk is packed with useful material, including demonstration programs and a complete C++ graphics library. Programming guru Len Dorfman provides complete documentation explaining how readers can exploit the object-oriented programming features of C++ in their own graphics programming. He covers crucial animation techniques such as sprite movement and collision detection. Up to date for the latest version of Borland C++, this book/disk package is compatible with any DOS-equipped PC with a VGA graphics board.
Heuristic algorithms for multiconstrained quality-of-service routing
Authors: Xin Yuan
Venue: IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON) (2002)

Multiconstrained quality-of-service (QoS) routing deals with finding routes that satisfy multiple independent QoS constraints. This problem is NP-hard. In this paper, two heuristics, the limited granularity heuristic and the limited path heuristic, are investigated. Both heuristics extend the Bellman-Ford shortest path algorithm and solve general k-constrained QoS routing problems. Analytical and simulation studies are conducted to compare the time/space requirements of the heuristics and the effectiveness of the heuristics in finding paths that satisfy the QoS constraints. The major results of this paper are the following. For an N-nodes and E-edges network with k (a small constant) independent QoS constraints, the limited granularity heuristic must maintain a table of size O(|N|k- 1) in each node to be effective, which results in a time complexity of O (|N|K|E|); while the limited path heuristic can achieve very high performance by maintaining O (|N|2lg(|N|)) entries in each node. These results indicate that the limited path heuristic is relatively insensitive to the number of constraints and is superior to the limited granularity heuristic in solving k-constrained QoS routing problems when k > 3.
Microsoft Word 2000 Step by Step with CD-ROM, 1st edition
Authors: CORPORATE Catapult Inc
Venue:  (1999)

:An integrated training kit for Office 2000 end users that provides instruction through both print-based and multimedia-based hands-on learning. The unique learning combination gives readers the best teaching method for their learning objectives, all in one integrated kit. The CD-ROM contains sample files for step-by-step lessons and Starts Here multimedia lessons.
The Haskell: The Craft of Functional Programming, 2nd edition
Authors: Simon Thompson
Venue:  (1999)

:The second edition of Haskell: The Craft of Functional Programming is essential reading for beginners to functional programming and newcomers to the Haskell programming language. The emphasis is on the process of crafting programs and the text contains many examples and running case studies, as well as advice an program design, testing, problem solving and how to avoid common pitfalls. Building on the strengths of the first edition, the book includes many new and improved features: Complete coverage of Haskell 98, the standard version of Haskell which will be stable and supported by implementations for years to come. An emphasis on software engineering principles, encouraging a disciplined approach to building reusable libraries of software components. Detailed coverage of the Hugs interpreter with an appendix covering other implementations. A running case study of pictures emphasizes the built-in functions which appear in the standard prelude and libraries. It is also used to give an early preview of some of the more complex language features, such as high-order functions. List comprehensions and the standard functions over lists are covered before recursion. Early coverage of polymorphism supporting the "toolkit" approach and encouraging the resuse of built-in functions and types. Extensive reference material containing details of further reading in books, journals and on the World Wide Web. Accompanying Web Site supporting the book, containing all the program code, further teaching materials and other useful resources.
Optimizing the performance of a relational algebra data base interface
Authors: John Miles Smith, Philip Yen-Tang Chang
Venue: Proceedings of the 1975 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data (1975)

An approach for implementing a "smart" interface to support a relational view of data is proposed. The basic idea is to employ automatic programming techniques so that the interface analyzes and efficiently refines the high level query specification supplied by the user. An interface called SQUIRAL (Smart Query Interface for a Relational Algebra), which was designed using this approach, is described in detail. Several optimization techniques that derive from this approach are discussed.
Major depression information resources on the Internet
Authors: Frances A. Brahmi
Venue: Health Care on the Internet (2001)

This article lists and describes resources on the Web that would be of interest to consumers who are looking for information on major depression, either for their own edification or to help a friend or loved one. Being depressed is often characterized by a feeling of being overwhelmed, an inability to concentrate, and feelings of hopelessness. In this vulnerable state, surfing the Web and sifting through the thousands of Web sites on depression would hardly be appropriate and perhaps, not even attempted. It is the hope that this article will facilitate the search for quality information for patients, family members, and friends of those suffering from depression.
Pokemon: Choose Your Own Pathway to Adventure
Authors: Alex Gray
Venue:  (2001)

:Join Ash, Pikachu, and Pokémon new and old on a rollicking adventure that you control! Ash is on a quest to find new Pokémon and defeat a rival. You'll decide how his adventure develops. The end of every page asks you to make a choiceshould Ash get to the island by building a raft or by flying with Charizard? With multiple endings and countless paths to choose from, this is an exciting Pokémon adventure not to be missed!
Direct haptic rendering of isosurface by intermediate representation
Authors: Kwong-Wai Chen, Pheng-Ann Heng, Hanqiu Sun
Venue: Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology (2000)

With the development of volume visualization methods, we can easily extract meaningful information from volumetric data using interactive graphics and imaging. Haptic interaction of volumetric data adds a new modality to volume visualization that has an advantage in presenting complex attributes of local region. However, the benefits of haptic rendering of volumetric data have only been recognized recently. Most traditional haptic rendering methods are developed to compute realistic interaction force with geometric primitives. Direct volume haptic rendering allows haptic palpation of volumetric data, but lacks of the ability of simulating the contact sensation of stiff embedded implicit surface.In this paper, we propose a direct haptic rendering method for isosurface in volumetric data using a point-based haptic feedback device, without the extraction of the isosurface to geometric representations such as polygons. Our algorithm extends the intermediate representation approach that had been introduced for dealing with complex virtual environment, to haptically render volumetric data. The algorithm uses a virtual plane as an intermediate representation of the implicit isosurface, and computes the point interaction force applied to the haptic interface based on this virtual plane. Using this approach, we are able to gain higher haptic servo rate for volumetric data. It makes maintenance of the stability of the simulation easier, and applicable to noisy data without preprocessing. We have developed our algorithm and tested with synthetic data and medical data, using the PHANToMTM haptic interface.
Advances in software engineering
Authors: Hakan Erdogmus, Oryal Tanir
Venue:  (2002)

Advances in Softeare Engineering is a comprehensive edited survey thematically organized into four parts: Empirical Studies, Architectural Recovery, Maintainability, and Tool Support. Contributions to the volume derive from significant results and findings of leading researchers, under the mandate of the Consortium for Software Engineering (CSER), a Canadian industry-research initiative. Central themes---the comprehension, evaluation, and evolution of software systems---address the key needs to understand software systems' construction and maintenance, to assess their quality, to adapt them to evolving requirements and technology, to migrate them to new platforms, and to discover new paradigms and build new tools to support these activities.
Javascript Bible, 2nd edition
Authors: Danny Goodman
Venue:  (1996)

:Create Web Pages That Think! Whether you're a novice Web author wondering what JavaScript can do for you or a seasoned HTML scripter anxious to exploit JavaScript's evolving functionality, this authoritative, all-in-one resource -- by the most experienced computer scripting author in the industry -- lets you create pages so inviting, users will spend more time at your Web site and come back for more! For Cool Web Pages, Master Today's Hottest Scripting Language! Get up to speed FAST with "crash courses" on programming fundamentals and object-oriented basics Key into the lessons you need with clearly labeled beginning, intermediate, and advanced terminology Implement JavaScript into your site with step-by-step how-to's Learn from ready-to-run JavaScript and HTML examples Apply expert script debugging and design tips Get ongoing support at IDG Books Worldwide and Danny Goodman's Web sites
Precision timestamping of network packets
Authors: Jörg Micheel, Stephen Donnelly, Ian Graham
Venue: Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Internet Measurement (2001)

When recording network traffic, accurate timestamping of the arrival of packets is essential for the subsequent analysis of performance metrics. Until the mid-1990s using off-the-shelf network interface cards and computer clocks proved sufficient. With the introduction of ever increasing link data rates the task of proper timestamping becomes increasingly important for continued network research. In the past five years the Dag development team in the WAND research group has undertaken substantial efforts to meet those demands and in this paper we discuss the advantages and limits of this new, hardware driven approach and explain how to interpret high precision timing information for packet arrivals.
Using Formal Description Techniques: An Introduction to Estelle, Lotos, and SDL, 1st edition
Authors: Kenneth J. Turner
Venue:  (1993)

:Deliberately non-mathematical, this user-friendly tutorial contains extensive introductory information on formal methods and the three Formal Description Techniques (FDTs). Easy-to-follow instructions demonstrate how to develop specifications and implementations using FDTs. Features valuable material on existing tools and gives references to publications, workshops, conferences and symposia where you can obtain the latest information on FDTs, their applications and tools. Copiously illustrated with examples.
JavaBeans, with CD-ROM (Mastering)
Authors: Laurence Vanhelsuwe
Venue:  (1997)

:Mastering JavaBeans provides you with the tools to program platform-neutral, components-based software. With JavaBeans, Sun Microsystems has paved the way for programmers to build, deploy, and reuse Java "beans" - self-contained, fully functional components you can plug into any Java application or applet. This authoritative book, written by the popular author of Mastering Java, explains this new standard completely. The result: shorter development time, greater reliability, and easy modification. Learn how JavaBeans' simplicity and reusability, combined with Java's platform-independence and Internet compatibility, make this standard critical to next-generation software development. Then examine the beans in detail. Learn about the "black box" concept on which they are modeled, their behavior at design time and run time, and bean methods, properties, and events. The Bean Development Kit is Sun's reference environment for developing and testing beans. Mastering JavaBeans explains everything you need to know to work effectively right from the start. Design, implement, and reuse Java beans. This book's critical focus is on teaching you to tap the power of JavaBeans and use this standard to create and deploy reusable Java components. Benefit from step-by-step instructions, troubleshooting advice, and scores of undocumented tips - plus careful attention to the most critical and challenging topics for Java/JavaBeans programmers.
Hyper Interactive CAI: Using HyperCard to Develop Computer-Assisted Instruction, 1st edition
Authors: Peter Desberg
Venue:  (1994)

:From developing a friendly computer interface to creating animated effects that "make the screen dance," this hands-on guide shows readers how to use HyperCard software to create top-quality instructional programs on the Macintosh. The book describes how to choose subject matter, design a program, and determine the method of presentation - including the type of interaction and guiding metaphors that will be used. It explains how to make programs easy for the user to navigate and control; how to create effective introductions, paths, and transitions; how to create useful feedback and remediation; and how to develop reliable assessment, scoring, and help facilities. To make it easy for readers to learn by doing, twenty-five special HyperCard stacks are used to walk the reader through on-screen demonstration sessions - the stacks are supplied on disk accompanying the book. These modular sessions let readers try their hand at various aspects of CAI before sitting down to create an entire program. Readers will learn how to write scripts, design screens, develop appropriate practice tasks, "bullet-proof" their programs, and integrate graphics, sound, and animation into their lessons. For those with access to videotape and other video sources, a chapter on QuickTime explains how Apple Computer's new system extension can be used to integrate video presentations into computer lessons, creating multi-media instructional programs right on the computer screen.
Special Edition Using Java 2 Platform with Cdrom
Authors: Joseph L. Weber
Venue:  (1999)

:Special Edition Using Java 2 Platform is the complete programmer's tutorial/reference for Java 2 and related technologies. The book contains detailed descriptions of Sun's Java 2 standards, APIs, class libraries, and programming tools. Also includes coverage of Microsoft's Java SDK 2.0, AFC, and RNI products, Activex, CORBA, Java IDL, Joe, JavaBeans, and Enterprise JavaBeans. Over 20,000 lines of documented Java code show programmers the details of building sophisticated Java applications.
Usability in practice: field methods evolution and revolution
Authors: Dennis R. Wixon, Judy Ramey, Karen Holtzblatt, Hugh Beyer, JoAnn Hackos, Stephanie Rosenbaum, Colleen Page, Sari A. Laakso, Karri-Pekka Laakso
Venue: CHI '02 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing systems (2002)

Field Methods are a collection of tools and techniques for conducting studies of users, their tasks, and their work environments in the actual context of those environments. The promise of such methods is that they help teams design products that are both useful and usable by providing data about what people really do. Participants in this forum will address: the origins and framework of Contextual Designthe application of field methods to task analysisa review of ways to adapt these methods to practical constraintsa discount approach to field studies.
Is semitransparency useful for navigating virtual environments?
Authors: Luca Chittaro, Ivan Scagnetto
Venue: Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology (2001)

A relevant issue for any Virtual Environment (VE) is the navigational support provided to users who are exploring it. Semitransparency is sometimes exploited as a means to see through occluding surfaces with the aim of improving user navigation abilities and awareness of the VE structure. Designers who make this choice assume that it is useful, especially in the case of VEs with many levels of occluding surfaces, e.g. virtual buildings or cities. This paper is devoted to investigate this assumption with a proper experimental evaluation on users. First, we discuss possible ways for improving navigation, and focus on implementation choices for semitransparency as a navigation aid. Then, we present and discuss the experimental evaluation we carried out. We compared subjects' performance in three conditions: local exploitation of semitransparency inside the VE, a more global exploitation provided by a bird's-eye-view, and a control condition where neither of the two features was available.
Understanding ontological engineering
Authors: Vladan Devedzić
Venue: Communications of the ACM (2002)

Ontological engineering has garnered increasing attention over the last few years, as researchers have recognized ontologies are not just for knowledge-based systems---all software needs models of the world, and hence can make use of ontologies at design time [1]. A recent survey of the field [4] suggests developers of practical AI systems may especially benefit from their use. This survey earmarked several application classes that benefit from using ontologies, including natural language processing, intelligent information retrieval (especially from the Internet), virtual organizations, and simulation and modeling.