ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Optimum Resource Allocation in Distributed MIMO Systems
Authors: Rui Cao,  Student Member, Liuqing Yang,  Senior Member
Venue: International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks (2009)

Distributed multi-input multi-output (MIMO) system is a promising architecture to provide reliable communications over spatially separated relaying nodes. In this paper, we will investigate the optimum resource allocation techniques in distributed MIMO systems, employing differential (de)modulation and various relaying protocols. Instead of limiting to energy optimization, we solve this problem via a two-dimensional energy and location optimization. The benefits of our resource optimization approaches are illustrated through extensive analysis and simulations. Both the comparisons between different optimization techniques and systems with different protocols are included. Based on our previous work, we provide an upper bound of the symbol error rate (SER) for decode-and-forward (DF) systems and an approximated SER for amplify-and-forward (AF) systems. We proved that the system SER is a convex function in both the transmit energy and the relay location, and then carried out the two-dimensional energy and location optimization through numerical search. As we know, system energy is a limited resource, especially for mobile terminals, and the coverage area is a critical factor to judge the system performance. Therefore, we evaluate the benefits of our optimization techniques in terms of the system energy saving and the coverage distance extension. The simulations reveal several interesting results. For both the DF and the AF protocols, the optimized systems always outperform the unoptimized systems with either less energy consumption or longer transmission range. It is also noticed that the benefits of both energy and location optimizations vary a lot for different protocols, and with different system configurations. Uniform energy allocation and midpoint relay location are normally chosen as an initial system setup. For such a configuration with the DF protocol, location optimization is more critical than energy optimization, and the unoptimized system receives prominent benefits from both optimizations, and tremendous system resources savings. For the AF protocol, however, the location and energy optimizations are equally important for the unoptimized system. It turns out that the uniform energy allocation and the midpoint relay location result in fairly good system performance, since it is reasonably close to the global optimum. For other initial system setups, the optimization benefits are also distinct in the AF and the DF systems. In DF systems, more optimization benefits can be achieved when the relays are either close to the destination or have more transmit energy allocated to the relay(s). On the contrary, in the AF systems, remarkable optimization benefits will be achieved when the relays are far from the midpoint, or when the relays are only able to transmit at low energy levels.
A Fast and Fully Format Compliant Protection of JPEG2000 Code-Streams
Authors: Yang Ou, Chul Sur, Kyung Hyune Rhee
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th International Multimedia Modeling Conference on Advances in Multimedia Modeling (2009)

Direct encryption for the JPEG2000 code-streams by using a conventional block cipher needs an additional processing time, whereas the joint compression and encryption schemes increase the coding efficiency but with some sacrifices in security. In this paper, a Dually Randomized MQ coder (DRMQ) is presented to support both compression and encryption functionalities, and to achieve tradeoff between security and efficiency. The proposed DRMQ coder avoids the permutations of input/output bits to enhance security. It makes use of a dual randomization to provide more protected results. Furthermore, we show that the DRMQ coder can be combined with a format compliant header encryption algorithm to achieve a fast and full protection of JPEG2000 code-streams. The experimental results confirm the efficiency and encryption performance of our scheme.
Quick detection of faults in combinational networks designed in minterm format by computing a single novel parameter
Authors: Pramode Ranjan Bhattacharjee
Venue: International Journal of Computer Mathematics (2009)

This paper reports on the development of a novel scheme as an alternative to Susskind's method [A.K. Susskind, Testing by verifying Walsh coefficients, Proceedings of the 11th Annual Symposium on fault-tolerant computing, June 1981, pp. 206-208.] for detection of struck-at faults in combinational logic circuits. The main idea in the present scheme is to extend an existing design of the combinational network under test in minterm format by some logic checking the correctness of all input-output mappings by computing only one novel parameter after cycling through all 2n input combinations of a circuit with n inputs. Thus the present scheme uses 2n n-bit input patterns once to a circuit while Susskind's method uses twice that many. So it provides substantially less work than that needed in Susskind's method. Furthermore, the tester needed to implement the present scheme is a simplified version of that needed in Susskind's method.
Fabrication of Cable Tension Sensor Based on Magnetoelastic Effect
Authors: Zhiyuan Sun, Xueshan Yang, Feng Gao, Jianmin Li
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Electronic Computer Technology (2009)

A sensor based on magneto-elastic effect is presented in order to measure the axial tension of steel cable. The basic principle of the sensor is explained in details, and the magnetic circuit structure with single magnetic loop is designed. A kind of device based on the pulse magnetization circuit of the steel cable is accomplished, and the experiment results are obtained. It is indicated that the measure system is in accordance with theory analysis. It is stable and reliable. The device has the advantages such as battery-powered, small, cheap and portable.
WebGIS-Based Flood Emergency Management Scenario
Authors: Rifaat Abdalla, Keith Niall
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Advanced Geographic Information Systems & Web Services (2009)

WebGIS provides key decision support capabilities for disaster and emergency management community. Perspective visualization and simultaneous access to emergency management data are among those capabilities that WebGIS provide in support of informed disaster management decisions-making process. This paper presents a WebGIS application for flood modeling for a section of the Don Valley watershed in Toronto, Canada. Different flooding scenarios under different hypothetical water surface elevations were predicted and a visual model has been published and visualized in a WebGIS environment using GeoServNet (GSN). This paper introduces an interdisciplinary flood modeling approach and investigates its interdisciplinary utility for protecting life and property.
A practical mandatory access control model for XML databases
Authors: Hong Zhu, Kevin Lü, Renchao Jin
Venue: Information Sciences: an International Journal (2009)

A practical mandatory access control (MAC) model for XML databases is presented in this paper. The label type and label access policy can be defined according to the requirements of different applications. In order to preserve the integrity of data in XML databases, a constraint between a read-access rule and a write-access rule in label access policy is introduced. Rules for label assignment and propagation are presented to alleviate the workload of label assignments. Furthermore, a solution for resolving conflicts in label assignments is proposed. Rules for update-related operations, rules for exceptional privileges of ordinary users and the administrator are also proposed to preserve the security of operations in XML databases. The MAC model, we proposed in this study, has been implemented in an XML database. Test results demonstrated that our approach provides rational and scalable performance.
Using arguments for making and explaining decisions
Authors: Leila Amgoud, Henri Prade
Venue: Artificial Intelligence (2009)

Arguments play two different roles in day life decisions, as well as in the discussion of more crucial issues. Namely, they help to select one or several alternatives, or to explain and justify an already adopted choice. This paper proposes the first general and abstract argument-based framework for decision making. This framework follows two main steps. At the first step, arguments for beliefs and arguments for options are built and evaluated using classical acceptability semantics. At the second step, pairs of options are compared using decision principles. Decision principles are based on the accepted arguments supporting the options. Three classes of decision principles are distinguished: unipolar, bipolar or non-polar principles depending on whether i) only arguments pros or only arguments cons, or ii) both types, or iii) an aggregation of them into a meta-argument are used. The abstract model is then instantiated by expressing formally the mental states (beliefs and preferences) of a decision maker. In the proposed framework, information is given in the form of a stratified set of beliefs. The bipolar nature of preferences is emphasized by making an explicit distinction between prioritized goals to be pursued, and prioritized rejections that are stumbling blocks to be avoided. A typology that identifies four types of argument is proposed. Indeed, each decision is supported by arguments emphasizing its positive consequences in terms of goals certainly satisfied and rejections certainly avoided. A decision can also be attacked by arguments emphasizing its negative consequences in terms of certainly missed goals, or rejections certainly led to by that decision. Finally, this paper articulates the optimistic and pessimistic decision criteria defined in qualitative decision making under uncertainty, in terms of an argumentation process. Similarly, different decision principles identified in multiple criteria decision making are restated in our argumentation-based framework.
"The devil you know knows best": how online recommendations can benefit from social networking
Authors: Philip Bonhard, M. Angela Sasse, Clare Harries
Venue: Proceedings of the 21st British CHI Group Annual Conference on HCI 2007: People and Computers XXI: HCI...but not as we know it - Volume 1 (2007)

The defining characteristic of the Internet today is an abundance of information and choice. Recommender Systems (RS), designed to alleviate this problem, have so far not been very successful, and recent research suggests that this is due to the lack of the social context and inter-personal trust. We simulated an online film RS with 60 participants, where recommender information was added to the recommendations, and a subset of these were attributed to friends of the participants. Participants overwhelmingly preferred recommendations from familiar recommenders with whom they shared interests and a high rating overlap. When recommenders were familiar, rating overlap was the most important decision factor, whereas when they were unfamiliar, the combination of profile similarity and rating overlap was important. We recommend that RS and social networking functionality should be integrated, and show how RS functionality can be added to an existing social networking system by visualising profile similarity.
Detection and segmentation of moving objects in complex scenes
Authors: Aurélie Bugeau, Patrick Pérez
Venue: Computer Vision and Image Understanding (2009)

In this paper, we address the difficult task of detecting and segmenting foreground moving objects in complex scenes. The sequences we consider exhibit highly dynamic backgrounds, illumination changes and low contrasts, and can have been shot by a moving camera. Three main steps compose the proposed method. First, a set of moving points is selected within a sub-grid of image pixels. A multi-cue descriptor is associated to each of these points. Clusters of points are then formed using a variable bandwidth mean shift technique with automatic bandwidth selection. Finally, segmentation of the object associated to a given cluster is performed using graph cuts. Experiments and comparisons to other motion detection methods on challenging sequences demonstrate the performance of the proposed method for video analysis in complex scenes.
Brief paper: Redundancy versus multiple starting points in nonlinear system related inverse problems
Authors: Mazen Alamir, James S. Welsh, Graham C. Goodwin
Venue: Automatica (Journal of IFAC) (2009)

Nonlinear inverse problems arising in dynamic system state/parameter estimation are generally non-convex, and possess multiple local minima that may threaten the convergence of global optimization routines. This problem is generally addressed by multiple starting point based algorithms. An alternative approach is to use the recently proposed concept of safe redundancy in order to derive an algorithm that crosses singularities by exploiting the particular nature of dynamic inverse problems. These techniques might seem similar, at least at first. The present communication aims to provide insight into the difference between these two approaches. This is accomplished through a simple illustrative example.
Soil adjusted vegetation water content retrievals in grasslands
Authors: S. Dasgupta, J. J. Qu
Venue: International Journal of Remote Sensing (2009)

Soil contamination of canopy reflectance over grasslands can cause errors in empirical vegetation water content (VWC) retrievals using the NDII (Normalized Difference Infrared Index, [&rho;0.86-&rho;1.64]/[&rho;0.86+&rho;1.64]). Minimization of soil contamination by NDII relies on the existence of a quasi straight soil line and quasi straight VWC isolines (lines of equal VWC) in the 1.64-0.86 &micro;m reflectance space. Further the VWC isolines are expected to meet at the origin of the 1.64-0.86 &micro;m reflectance space. Considering soil moisture as the primary determinant of soil reflectance variation at a given location, this study investigates the effect of soil moisture on the nature of soil lines and VWC isolines under grassland conditions. Reflectance simulations from coupled soil-leaf-canopy reflectance models under grassland conditions show that soil lines and VWC isolines are expected to be curved and may not converge at the origin. This behaviour is attributed to disproportionate soil moisture related absorption processes operating at 1.64 &micro;m and 0.86 &micro;m. A new technique that accounts for these inconsistencies in NDII assumptions is proposed for VWC retrievals. The technique consists of using separate regression relationships between VWC and a Soil Adjusted NDII (SANDII) based on the volumetric soil moisture category of the background. SANDII, based on the idea borrowed from the Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI) is an origin shifted transformation of NDII. The optimum origin that reduces VWC retrieval errors is shown to be soil moisture category specific. The proposed technique requires categorical soil moisture information in order to decide which regression relationship to apply for VWC retrievals. Climatology, meteorological models or microwave observations are expected to be reliable resources for such categorical soil moisture information. Evaluations of the proposed technique using simulated reflectances showed that absolute errors in VWC retrievals were reduced by an average 20% as compared to the traditional NDII regression method. Such improvements are expected to be significant for fire-risk applications. Finally supporting evidence for the need of an origin translated NDII is provided using data collected over pastures during the Soil Moisture Experiment 2003 (SMEX03) field campaign.
Enhancing enterprise performance with RFID technology
Authors: Cristina Turcu, Marius Cerlinca, Remus Prodan, Tudor Cerlinca, Cornel Turcu, Felicia GĮza, Valentin Popa
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th WSEAS international conference on Computers (2008)

The need to track and trace objects in real time has determined numerous companies to adopt one of today's greatest contributory technologies, namely Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID). The paper examines the impact and the potential benefits generated by the integration of this technology in business-to-business (B2B) applications through a proposed RFID_B2B system. This system offers multiple performance levels for varying system and application needs, and can be readily personalized to meet current and future user demands. A proof of concept has been introduced to demonstrate the feasibility of an RFID_B2B application in a specific supply chain. A realistic business scenario has been taken into consideration to illustrate that RFID technology may enhance the operational efficiency in enterprise systems and even help numerous companies comply with the ever-growing demands of business customers. Furthermore, the authors maintain that RFID enables more integrated and collaborative B2B e-commerce solutions. The paper aims to increase awareness about the tremendous potential of integrating RFID technologies in B2B applications.
Intelligent MANET Routing Protocol Selector
Authors: N. H. Saeed, M. F. Abbod, T. H. Sulaiman, H. S. Al-Raweshidy, H. Kurdi
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 The Second International Conference on Next Generation Mobile Applications, Services, and Technologies (2008)

Currently, in any Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET), one routing protocol routes the packets to their destination no matter what the network's context is! This 'one size fits all' approach is far from optimum. This paper introduces a novel intelligent routing protocol selector for MANET. The intelligent selector learns the network's performance and behaviour then chooses the optimum routing protocol according to the network's context, e.g.: number of nodes and mobility. The selector recommends the optimum network context depending on the current network situation. The selector is adaptable to the variations in the network environment by predicting four important parameters that indicate the changes in the network context. The intelligent selector system can deploy any protocol to its best advantages by testing the network's context and employing the most suitable protocol for that situation.
Concurrent performance of military tasks and robotics tasks: effects of automation unreliability and individual differences
Authors: Jessie Y.C. Chen
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th ACM/IEEE international conference on Human robot interaction (2009)

This study investigated the performance and workload of the combined position of gunner and robotics operator in a simulated military multitasking environment. Specifically, we investigated how aided target recognition (AiTR) capabilities for the gunnery task with imperfect reliability (false-alarm-prone vs. miss-prone) might affect the concurrent robotics and communication tasks. Additionally, we examined whether performance was affected by individual differences in spatial ability and attentional control. Results showed that when the robotics task was simply monitoring the video, participants had the best performance in their gunnery and communication tasks and the lowest perceived workload, compared with the other robotics tasking conditions. There was a strong interaction between the type of AiTR unreliability and participants' perceived attentional control. Overall, for participants with higher perceived attentional control, false-alarm-prone alerts were more detrimental; for low attentional control participants, conversely, miss-prone automation was more harmful. Low spatial ability participants preferred visual cueing, and high spatial ability participants favored tactile cueing. Potential applications of the findings include personnel selection for robotics operation, robotics user interface designs, and training development.
Research and Realization of Improved Algorithm for H.264/AVC Oriented to Video Conference under the RTI Framework
Authors: Wei Zheng, Jun Cao, Chenglie Du, Shuming Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Third International Conference on Digital Society (2009)

Video data compression is one the core technologies of video conference, which aims to enable significantly high performance data coding. In order to achieve this, a robust rate-distortion optimization (RDO) technique is needed to be employed to select the best coding mode This paper presents optimization solution about inter prediction mode decision algorithm of H.264/AVC for video conference under the HLA/RTI framework. Our objective is to reduce the computational complexity of the CODEC (Coder Decoder) with insignificant rate-distortion performance degradation.
Non-determinism and Probabilities in Timed Concurrent Constraint Programming
Authors: Jorge A. Pérez, Camilo Rueda
Venue: Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Logic Programming (2008)

A timed concurrent constraint process calculus with probabilistic and non-deterministic choices is proposed. We outline the rationale of an operational semantics for the calculus. The semantics ensures consistent interactions between both kinds of choices and is indispensable for the definition of logic-based verification capabilities over system specifications.
Ontology-Based Focused Crawling
Authors: Hiep Phuc Luong, Susan Gauch, Qiang Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Information, Process, and Knowledge Management (2009)

Ontology learning has become a major area ofresearch whose goal is to facilitate the construction ofontologies by decreasing the amount of effort requiredto produce an ontology for a new domain. However,there are few studies that attempt to automate theentire ontology learning process from the collection ofdomain-specific literature, to text mining to build newontologies or enrich existing ones. In this paper, wepresent a framework of ontology learning that enablesus to retrieve documents from the Web using focusedcrawling in a biological domain, amphibianmorphology. We use a SVM (Support Vector Machine)classifier to identify domain-specific documents andperform text mining in order to extract usefulinformation for the ontology enrichment process. Thispaper reports on the overall system architecture andour initial experiments on the focused crawler anddocument classification.
Synopsis Alignment: Importing External Text Information for Multi-model Movie Analysis
Authors: Ming Li, Yang Liu, Yong-Dong Zhang, Shou-Xun Lin
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th Pacific Rim Conference on Multimedia: Advances in Multimedia Information Processing (2008)

Text information, which plays important role in news video concept detection, has been ignored in state-of-the-art movie analysis technology. It is so because movie subtitles are speech of roles which do not directly describe content of movie and contributes little to movie analysis. In this paper, we import collaborative-editing synopsis from professional movie sites for movie analysis, which gives detailed descriptive text of movie. Two aligning methods, subtitle alignment and RoleNet alignment, are proposed complementarily to align synopsis to movie to get scene-level text information of movie. The experiment show that proposed methods can effectively align synopsis to movie scene and the imported text information can give a more user-preferred summarization than merely using audiovisual feature.
KAMI CHAT
Authors: Atsumi Osada, Sae Takeshita, Machi Miyahara, Masa Inakage
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Advances in Computer Entertainment Technology (2008)

KAMI CHAT is a novel communication tool with drawing on paper by ultraviolet rays.