ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Neuropsychological correlates of decision-making in ambiguous and risky situations
Authors: Matthias Brand, Kirsten Labudda, Hans J. Markowitsch
Venue: Neural Networks (2006)

Decision-making situations in real life differ regarding their explicitness of positive and negative consequences as well as regarding the directness of probabilities for reward and punishment. In neuropsychological research, decisions under ambiguity and decisions under risk are differentiated. To assess decisions under ambiguity the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) is one of the most frequently used tasks. Decisions under risk can be measured by a task that offers explicit rules for gains and losses and stable winning probabilities, as the Game of Dice Task (GDT) does. In this contribution we firstly summarize studies that investigated decision-making in various groups of patients using the IGT or the GDT. We also propose a new model of decision-making in risky situations and describe differences between decisions under ambiguity and decisions under risk from a theoretical and clinical perspective.
Adobe Photoshop Elements 4.0 Classroom in a Book
Venue:  (2005)

The fastest, easiest way to learn Adobe Photoshop Elements 4 for Windows!Classroom in a Book, the best-selling series of hands-on software training workbooks, helps you learn the features of Adobe software quickly and easily. Classroom in a Book offers what no other book or training program doesï¾an official training series from Adobe Systems Incorporated, developed with the support of Adobe product experts.Adobe Photoshop Elements 4 Classroom in a Book contains eight lessons and a bonus CD with lesson files. The book covers the basics of learning Adobe Photoshop Elements, and countless tips and techniques to help you become more productive with its new features, including the Magic Selection Brush; Magic Extractor; Auto Red Eye and Auto Skin tone tools; cool slideshow effects; using an online sharing service to make your photos available for friends and family; and more. You'll learn how to correct photos like a darkroom pro, then share them in slide shows, calendars, on the Web, and more. You can follow the book from start to finish or choose only those lessons that interest you. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Methods of utilizing surveillance and reconnaissance assets to enable command and control schema analysis
Authors: Terri Chang
Venue: Proceedings of the 38th conference on Winter simulation (2006)

Using the Army Intelligence Master Plan, we can explain features and concept of operations (CONOPS) of a physics-based analytical toolset that assists decision makers in the planning and development of a command and control schema. The analytical insights determine boundary conditions, identify target and environmental characteristics and adjust behaviors of simulated surveillance assets and combat systems they can direct. Based on observed activity, intent, and capability, the deployed forces can be redirected toward high-valued targets. A discussion of the force development and integration will be provided to satisfy tactical and strategic issues, as well as its applicability to broader theater and campaign level issues. The results of this effort will help define requirements for enhancing command and control, based upon allocation of reconnaissance resources. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Auditory perceptible landmarks in mobile navigation
Authors: Jörg Baus, Rainer Wasinger, Ilhan Aslan, Antonio Krüger, Andreas Maier, Tim Schwartz
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces (2007)

Normally, mobile pedestrian navigation systems use visually perceptible landmarks to guide their users through the environment. In this article we introduce concepts for the use of auditory perceptible landmarks in route descriptions. Such auditory perceptible landmarks complement their visual counterparts and also stand to be beneficial for certain groups like the visually impaired and the elderly.
Analytically tractable case of fuzzy c-means clustering
Authors: Oleg S. Pianykh
Venue: Pattern Recognition (2006)

In this paper, we offer a simple and accurate clustering algorithm which was derived as a closed-form analytical solution to a cluster fit function minimization problem. As a result, the algorithm finds the global minimum of the fit function, and combines exceptional efficiency with optimal clustering results.
Why transient analysis can be de-emphasized in undergraduate simulation courses
Authors: H. T. L. Pham, J. L. Pittman, M. C. Court
Venue: Proceedings of the 38th conference on Winter simulation (2006)

We present the results of coverage tests performed to validate our preliminary analysis indicating that determining 'appropriate' run length is more important for obtaining coverage than performing 'proper' transient analysis. Our preliminary experiment was designed with the intention of showing students the pitfalls of performing 'bad' transient analysis when estimating steady-state parameters. However, we found that for short run lengths any transient truncation diminishes coverage; and it is only beneficial to delete transient data when long runs of the output data are available. As with the preliminary analysis, two types of systems are analyzed (M/M/1/GD/&infin;/&infin; systems and an M/M/s/GD/&infin;/&infin;); additionally, coverage tests are also conducted on 3-stage M/M/1/GD/&infin;/&infin; queuing systems. The coverage analysis supports our preliminary conclusion: when first exposing students to the subject of output analysis on non-terminating systems, strong emphasis should be placed on choosing proper run length and the time devoted to transient analysis can be reduced.
Adobe Acrobat 7 in a Snap (Sams Teach Yourself)
Authors: Shari Nakano
Venue:  (2005)

Adobe PDF is the emerging workflow standard in the publishing, financial services, regulated and government industries, but learning all that Adobe Acrobat is capable of can take more time than most employees in these industries can spare. That's where Adobe Acrobat in a Snap comes in. The author will walk you through more than 80 short tasks that are designed to teach you what you need to know and let you get back to work and apply your new skills. You'll cover everything from the basic concepts of creating and editing PDFs to the more advanced concepts such as Acrobat Distiller and third party plug-ins in this clear and concise tutorial.
Open vs. Closed: Which Source is More Secure?
Authors: Richard Ford
Venue: Queue (2007)

There is no better way to start an argument among a group of developers than proclaiming Operating System A to be &ldquo;more secure&rdquo; than Operating System B. I know this from first-hand experience, as previous papers I have published on this topic have led to reams of heated e-mails directed at me&mdash;including some that were, quite literally, physically threatening. Despite the heat (not light!) generated from attempting to investigate the relative security of different software projects, investigate we must.
MCTS Self-Paced Training Kit (Exam 70-431): Microsoft SQL Server(TM) 2005 Implementation and Maintenance (Pro-Certification (Hardcover))
Authors: Laura Sackerman
Venue:  (2006)

Get in-depth exam preparation for Exam 70-431, the core MCTS exam for the new Microsoft IT Professional certifications-as you build real-world job skills. Includes reviews, case studies, code samples, and more. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
IMS Crash Course, 1 edition
Authors: Steven Shepard
Venue:  (2006)

An Introduction to This Innovative and Revolutionary Next-Generation Communication Solution The IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) is a powerful, emerging technology that will change the way we live, work, and communicate. Through convergence of fixed and wireless networks, IMS delivers seamless roaming to multimedia devices regardless of location or access modality. This much-needed resource gives you an easy-to-understand overview of the development, evolving standards, and excitingly imminent future of IMS. Expand Your Understanding of IMS Written by a renowned professional author and educator with 25 years of experience in the telecommunications industry, IMS Crash Course gives you a broad perspective on why IMS evolved, how the technology works, its system requirements, and potential regulatory issues—all in one convenient package. If you are looking to make sense of this breakthrough technology, its benefits, and its real-world implementations, read this book first. Full coverage of IMS including: An early history of IMS Converging wireless and wireline Network, software, and signaling requirements IMS regulatory issues IMS’s future
nD generalized map pyramids: Definition, representations and basic operations
Authors: Carine Grasset-Simon, Guillaume Damiand, Pascal Lienhardt
Venue: Pattern Recognition (2006)

Graph pyramids are often used for representing irregular image pyramids. For the 2D case, combinatorial pyramids have been recently defined in order to explicitly represent more topological information than graph pyramids. The main contribution of this work is the definition of pyramids of n-dimensional (nD) generalized maps. This extends the previous works to any dimension, and generalizes them in order to represent any type of pyramid constructed by using any removal and/or contraction operations. We give basic algorithms that allow to build an nD generalized pyramid that describes a multi-level segmented image. A pyramid of nD generalized maps can be implemented in several ways. We propose three possible representations and give conversion algorithms.
Partitioning planar graphs with costs and weights
Authors: Lyudmil Aleksandrov, Hristo Djidjev, Hua Guo, Anil Maheshwari
Venue: Journal of Experimental Algorithmics (JEA) (2007)

A graph separator is a set of vertices or edges whose removal divides an input graph into components of bounded size. This paper describes new algorithms for computing separators in planar graphs as well as techniques that can be used to speed up the implementation of graph partitioning algorithms and improve the partition quality. In particular, we consider planar graphs with costs and weights on the vertices, where weights are used to estimate the sizes of the partitions and costs are used to estimate the size of the separator. We show that in these graphs one can always find a small cost separator (consisting of vertices or edges) that partitions the graph into components of bounded weight. We describe implementations of the partitioning algorithms and discuss results of our experiments.
Feedback Control of Spin Systems
Authors: Claudio Altafini
Venue: Quantum Information Processing (2007)

The feedback stabilization problem for ensembles of coupled spin 1/2 systems is discussed from a control theoretic perspective. The noninvasive nature of the bulk measurement allows in principle for a fully unitary and deterministic closed loop. The Lyapunov-based feedback design presented does not require spins that are selectively addressable. With this method, it is possible to obtain control inputs also for difficult tasks, like suppressing undesired couplings in identical spin systems.
Partitioning graphs to speedup Dijkstra's algorithm
Authors: Rolf H. Möhring, Heiko Schilling, Birk Schütz, Dorothea Wagner, Thomas Willhalm
Venue: Journal of Experimental Algorithmics (JEA) (2007)

We study an acceleration method for point-to-point shortest-path computations in large and sparse directed graphs with given nonnegative arc weights. The acceleration method is called the arc-flag approach and is based on Dijkstra's algorithm. In the arc-flag approach, we allow a preprocessing of the network data to generate additional information, which is then used to speedup shortest-path queries. In the preprocessing phase, the graph is divided into regions and information is gathered on whether an arc is on a shortest path into a given region. The arc-flag method combined with an appropriate partitioning and a bidirected search achieves an average speedup factor of more than 500 compared to the standard algorithm of Dijkstra on large networks (1 million nodes, 2.5 million arcs). This combination narrows down the search space of Dijkstra's algorithm to almost the size of the corresponding shortest path for long-distance shortest-path queries. We conduct an experimental study that evaluates which partitionings are best suited for the arc-flag method. In particular, we examine partitioning algorithms from computational geometry and a multiway arc separator partitioning. The evaluation was done on German road networks. The impact of different partitions on the speedup of the shortest path algorithm are compared. Furthermore, we present an extension of the speedup technique to multiple levels of partitions. With this multilevel variant, the same speedup factors can be achieved with smaller space requirements. It can, therefore, be seen as a compression of the precomputed data that preserves the correctness of the computed shortest paths.
Stanley: The robot that won the DARPA Grand Challenge: Research Articles
Authors: Sebastian Thrun, Mike Montemerlo, Hendrik Dahlkamp, David Stavens, Andrei Aron, James Diebel, Philip Fong, John Gale, Morgan Halpenny, Gabriel Hoffmann, Kenny Lau, Celia Oakley, Mark Palatucci, Vaughan Pratt, Pascal Stang, Sven Strohband, Cedric Dupont, Lars-Erik Jendrossek, Christian Koelen, Charles Markey, Carlo Rummel, Joe van Niekerk, Eric Jensen, Philippe Alessandrini, Gary Bradski, Bob Davies, Scott Ettinger, Adrian Kaehler, Ara Nefian, Pamela Mahoney
Venue: Journal of Robotic Systems (2006)

This article describes the robot Stanley, which won the 2005 DARPA Grand Challenge. Stanley was developed for high-speed desert driving without manual intervention. The robot's software system relied predominately on state-of-the-art artificial intelligence technologies, such as machine learning and probabilistic reasoning. This paper describes the major components of this architecture, and discusses the results of the Grand Challenge race. &copy; 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The use of entropy minimization for the solution of blind source separation problems in image analysis
Authors: Liangfeng Guo, Marc Garland
Venue: Pattern Recognition (2006)

Entropy minimization is closely associated with pattern recognition. The present contribution uses a direct minimization of an entropy like function to solve the blind source separation problem for image reconstruction. The mixture patterns are decomposed using SVD and then global stochastic optimization is used to find the first irreducible image pattern. Further images are then subsequently reconstructed, by imposing a 2D correlation coefficient for dissimilarity to prevent repeated images, until all images are exhaustively enumerated. Three test cases are used, including (1) a set of three black and white texturally different photographs (2) a set of three RGB geometrically similar photographs and (3) an underdetermined problem involving an imbedded watermark. Cases 1 and 2 are easily solved with outstanding image quality. Both searches are conducted in an unsupervised manner-no a priori information is used. In Case 3, the watermark is enhanced after targeting the region for entropy minimization. The present results have a wide variety of applications, including image and spectroscopic analysis.
Suse Linux
Authors: Chris Brown
Venue:  (2006)

SUSE Linux: A Complete Guide to Novell's Community Distribution will get you up to speed quickly and easily on SUSE, one of the most friendly and usable Linux distributions around. From quick and easy installation to excellent hardware detection and support, it's no wonder SUSE is one of the most highly rated distributions on the planet. According to Novell, SUSE is installed more than 7,000 times every day, an average of one installation every 12 seconds.This book will take you deep into the essential operating system components by presenting them in easy-to-learn modules. From basic installation and configuration through advanced topics such as administration, security, and virtualization, this book captures the important details of how SUSE works--without the fluff that bogs down other books and web sites. Instead, readers get a concise task-based approach to using SUSE as both a desktop and server operating system.In this book, you'll learn how to:Install SUSE and perform basic administrative tasksShare files with other computersConnect to your desktop remotelySet up a web serverSet up networking, including Wi-Fi and BluetoothTighten security on your SUSE systemMonitor for intrusionsManage software and upgrades smoothlyRun multiple instances of SUSE on a single machine with XenWhether you use SUSE Linux from Novell, or the free openSUSE distribution, this book has something for every level of user. The modular, lab-based approach not only shows you how--but also explains why--and gives you the answers you need to get up and running with SUSE Linux.About the author: Chris Brown is a freelance author and trainer in the United Kingdom and Europe. Following Novell's acquisition of SUSE, he taught Linux to Novell's consultants and IT staff and is certified in both Novell's CLP program and Red Hat's RHCE. Chris has a PhD in particle physics from Cambridge. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Adding parallelism capabilities to ACL2
Authors: David L. Rager
Venue: Proceedings of the sixth international workshop on the ACL2 theorem prover and its applications (2006)

We have implemented parallelism primitives that permit an ACL2 programmer to parallelize execution of ACL2 functions. We (1) introduce logical definitions for these primitives, (2) explain the features of our extension, (3) give an evaluation strategy for our implementation, and (4) use the parallelism primitives in examples to show speedup.
Multiple fault diagnosis in digital microfluidic biochips
Authors: Daniel Davids, Siddhartha Datta, Arindam Mukherjee, Bharat Joshi, Arun Ravindran
Venue: ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems (JETC) (2006)

Microfluidics-based biochips consist of microfluidic arrays on rigid substrates through which, movement of fluids is tightly controlled to facilitate biological reactions. Biochips are soon expected to revolutionize biosensing, clinical diagnostics, and drug discovery. Critical to the deployment of biochips in such diverse areas is the dependability of these systems. Thus, robust testing techniques are required to ensure an adequate level of system dependability. Due to the underlying mixed technology and energy domains, such biochips exhibit unique failure mechanisms and defects. In this article we present a highly effective fault diagnosis strategy that uses a single source and sink to detect and locate multiple faults in a microfluidic array, without flooding the array, a problem that has hampered realistic implementations of all existing strategies. The strategy renders itself well for a built-in self-test that could drastically reduce the operating cost of microfluidic biochips. It can be used during both the manufacturing phase of the biochip, as well as field operation. Furthermore, the algorithm can pinpoint the actual fault, as opposed to merely the faulty regions that are typically identified by strategies proposed in the literature. Also, analytical results suggest that it is an effective strategy that can be used to design highly dependable biochip systems.
Windows Vista QuickSteps, 1 edition
Authors: Marty Matthews
Venue:  (2006)

Step-by-Step, Full-Color Graphics!Get started using Windows Vista right away--the QuickSteps way. Color screenshots and clear instructions show you how to use all the new and improved features available in this state-of-the art operating system. Follow along and learn to customize your desktop; organize, store, and back up files; connect to the Internet and use email; add hardware and software; and work with photos, music, and video. You'll also find out how to secure your system and set up a wired or wireless network. Plus, you can flip straight to the information you need easily using the color-coded tabs. Get the book that gets you started using Windows Vista in no time. Table of contentsIntroductionCh 1: Stepping into Windows VistaCh 2: Customizing Windows VistaCh 3: Storing InformationCh 4: Using the InternetCh 5: Managing Windows VistaCh 6: Working with Documents and PhotosCh 7: Working with Sound and VideoCh 8: Controlling SecurityCh 9: Setting up a NetworkCh 10: Using a Network The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Equalization Based Receivers for Wideband MIMO/BLAST Systems
Authors: J. C. Silva, N. Souto, F. Cercas, R. Dinis, A. Rodrigues, A. Correia
Venue: Wireless Personal Communications: An International Journal (2007)

This paper focuses on the usage of Equalization-Based receivers for Wideband Code-Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) Multiple Input, Multiple Output (MIMO) Bell Labs Layered Space Time (BLAST)-type systems. The main receivers on trial are the Zero-Forcing and Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) algorithm-based receivers and their variants, employing Parallel interference cancellation (PIC) and Iterative Partial Cancellation (IPC) schemes. To assess its performance in an existing system, the uncoded Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) High-Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) standard was considered (using solely QPSK modulation) alongside the reference UMTS environments. The BER performance is assessed both by simulation and by semi-analytical processing.
Flexible experimentation and analysis for hybrid DEVS and MPC models
Authors: Dongping Huang, Hessam S. Sarjoughain, Gary W. Godding, Daniel E. Rivera, Karl G. Kempf
Venue: Proceedings of the 38th conference on Winter simulation (2006)

Discrete-event simulation and control-theoretic approaches lend themselves to studying semiconductor manufacturing supply-chain systems. In this work, we detail a modeling approach for semiconductor manufacturing supply-chain systems in a hybrid DEVS/MPC testbed that supports experimentations for DEVS and MPC models using KIBDEVS/MPC. This testbed supports detailed analysis and design of interactions between discrete processes and tactical controller. A set of experiments have been devised to illustrate the role of modeling interactions between Discrete Event System Specification and Model Predictive Control models. The testbed offers novel features to methodically identify and analyze complex model interactions and thus support alternative designs based on tradeoffs between model resolutions and execution times.