ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Dictionary of ICT: Information and Communication Technology, 4th edition
Authors: Black
Venue:  (2008)

Terms are explained in clear, simple English, with phonetic pronunciation for all main entries. The dictionary is ideal for anyone studying ICT, including non-native English speakers. Supplements include details of HTML and other coding, and logic function tables.
Task graph scheduling for reconfigurable architectures driven by reconfigurations hiding and resources reuse
Authors: Marco Domenico Santambrogio, Massimo Redaelli, Marco Maggioni
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th ACM Great Lakes symposium on VLSI (2009)

This paper is focused on the scheduling of tasks on partially dynamically reconfigurable FPGA s in order to minimize the overall latency of the application. We propose a novel approach to the partitioning of a system specification by detecting recurrent structures in the specification itself. This technique has the objective of identifying modules that can be used more than once during the system lifetime. In such a scenario the reconfiguration overhead is minimized via both the device resource reuse, due to the partitioner, and the reconfiguration time hiding, due to the scheduler. A model of reconfigurable hardware, both for the device and the application, will also be defined and presented.
Bayesian robustness for decision making problems: Applications in medical contexts
Authors: J. Martín, C. J. Pérez, P. Müller
Venue: International Journal of Approximate Reasoning (2009)

Practical implementation of Bayesian decision making is hindered by the fact that optimal decisions may be sensitive to the model inputs: the prior, the likelihood and/or the underlying utility function. Given the structure of a problem, the analyst has to decide which sensitivity measures are relevant and compute them efficiently. We address the issue of robustness of the optimal action in a decision making problem with respect to the prior model and the utility function. We discuss some general principles and apply novel computational strategies in the context of two relatively complex medical decision making problems.
Applying the analytic network process to disclose knowledge assets value creation dynamics
Authors: Daniela Carlucci, Giovanni Schiuma
Venue: Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal (2009)

The recent literature grounded on the resource and knowledge-based view of the firm, has widely outlined the importance of knowledge assets as well as of the management approaches of their development. However, only few contributions have investigated the mechanisms by which these resources interact to sustain company's value creation dynamics. In particular, there is a lack of approaches suitable to disentangle those mechanisms and to explain how knowledge assets cluster and interplay in improving organisational performance. A clear understanding of how knowledge assets take part in value creation allows to identify those knowledge assets which, due to their critical role in achieving the company's performance objectives, need to be managed and appropriately exploited. This paper proposes a model, based on the analytic network process (ANP) methodology, to disclose and assess how knowledge assets mutually interact and take part in company's value creation dynamics. The application of the ANP allows to reveal and to evaluate the dependencies and inter-dependencies linking knowledge assets to organisational performance objectives and to set priorities among knowledge assets against targeted performance. The application of the model is tested by its application to the identification of the knowledge assets value drivers at the basis of NPD performances improvement within an engineering company located in South of Italy.
Overview of the New User Centred Mobile Applications
Authors: Luis Angel Galindo Sánchez, Joaquín Salvachúa Rodríguez
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 The Second International Conference on Next Generation Mobile Applications, Services, and Technologies (2008)

New mobile applications and services are of paramount importance for users and developers due to their availability everywhere and the easy access. This is one of the most negative points in the design for mobile services, because most of the time doesn't fulfil the user experience over a PC platform and a browser. All the key players are working hard to change this fact. In this article we will analyze this situation from several points of view both coming from the terminals and the backend, and the advantages and developments on both sides.
A genetic algorithm-based artificial neural network model for the optimization of machining processes
Authors: D. Venkatesan, K. Kannan, R. Saravanan
Venue: Neural Computing and Applications (2009)

Artificial intelligent tools like genetic algorithm, artificial neural network (ANN) and fuzzy logic are found to be extremely useful in modeling reliable processes in the field of computer integrated manufacturing (for example, selecting optimal parameters during process planning, design and implementing the adaptive control systems). When knowledge about the relationship among the various parameters of manufacturing are found to be lacking, ANNs are used as process models, because they can handle strong nonlinearities, a large number of parameters and missing information. When the dependencies between parameters become noninvertible, the input and output configurations used in ANN strongly influence the accuracy. However, running of a neural network is found to be time consuming. If genetic algorithm-based ANNs are used to construct models, it can provide more accurate results in less time. This article proposes a genetic algorithm-based ANN model for the turning process in manufacturing Industry. This model is found to be a time-saving model that satisfies all the accuracy requirements.
A kernel-based core growing clustering method
Authors: T. W. Hsieh, J. S. Taur, C. W. Tao, S. Y. Kung
Venue: International Journal of Intelligent Systems (2009)

In this paper, a novel clustering method in the kernel space is proposed. It effectively integrates several existing algorithms to become an iterative clustering scheme, which can handle clusters with arbitrary shapes. In our proposed approach, a reasonable initial core for each of the cluster is estimated. This allows us to adopt a cluster growing technique, and the growing cores offer partial hints on the cluster association. Consequently, the methods used for classification, such as support vector machines (SVMs), can be useful in our approach. To obtain initial clusters effectively, the notion of the incomplete Cholesky decomposition is adopted so that the fuzzy c-means (FCM) can be used to partition the data in a kernel defined-like space. Then a one-class and a multiclass soft margin SVMs are adopted to detect the data within the main distributions (the cores) of the clusters and to repartition the data into new clusters iteratively. The structure of the data set is explored by pruning the data in the low-density region of the clusters. Then data are gradually added back to the main distributions to assure exact cluster boundaries. Unlike the ordinary SVM algorithm, whose performance relies heavily on the kernel parameters given by the user, the parameters are estimated from the data set naturally in our approach. The experimental evaluations on two synthetic data sets and four University of California Irvine real data benchmarks indicate that the proposed algorithms outperform several popular clustering algorithms, such as FCM, support vector clustering (SVC), hierarchical clustering (HC), self-organizing maps (SOM), and non-Euclidean norm fuzzy c-means (NEFCM). &copy; 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.4
Approximating the Volume of Unions and Intersections of High-Dimensional Geometric Objects
Authors: Karl Bringmann, Tobias Friedrich
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Algorithms and Computation (2008)

We consider the computation of the volume of the union of high-dimensional geometric objects. While showing that this problem is #P-hard already for very simple bodies (i.e., axis-parallel boxes), we give a fast FPRAS for all objects where one can: (1) test whether a given point lies inside the object, (2) sample a point uniformly, (3) calculate the volume of the object in polynomial time. All three oracles can be weak, that is, just approximate. This implies that Klee's measure problem and the hypervolume indicator can be approximated efficiently even though they are #P-hard and hence cannot be solved exactly in time polynomial in the number of dimensions unless P = NP. Our algorithm also allows to approximate efficiently the volume of the union of convex bodies given by weak membership oracles. For the analogous problem of the intersection of high-dimensional geometric objects we prove #P-hardness for boxes and show that there is no multiplicative polynomial-time 2d1-z-approximation for certain boxes unless NP=BPP, but give a simple additive polynomial-time &epsilon;-approximation.
Adoption of new online services in the presence of network externalities and complementarities
Authors: Woonam Hwang, Jungsuk Oh
Venue: Electronic Commerce Research and Applications (2009)

A typical online user utilizes multiple services in the same service category concurrently due to the fact that many online service markets are characterized by the coexistence of multiple services offering complementary features. Along with an inherent network externality feature, this complementary nature among competing online services complicates predictions of adoption patterns in these markets. This paper extends the adoption function model of Arthur [W.B. Arthur, Competing technologies, increasing returns, and lock-in by historical events, The Economic Journal 99 (1989) 116-131] and applies it to the online service market in an attempt to explain various cases of adoption behavior. The proposed model predicts that there exists a first-mover's advantage in this market. Specifically, when network externality is large enough, the follower is confined to a low market share, even though it provides the same level of service as that provided by the leader. However, this first-mover's advantage can be overcome in cases where perturbations are caused by the heterogeneity of consumers or by service value uncertainty. In addition, a two-step punctuated equilibrium may exist: under specific conditions, market share distribution may be stable for a while at certain levels and then move into actual equilibrium.
Use of an automatic content analysis tool: A technique for seeing both local and global scope
Authors: Paul Stockwell, Robert M. Colomb, Andrew E. Smith, Janet Wiles
Venue: International Journal of Human-Computer Studies (2009)

This paper examines what can be learned about bodies of literature using a concept mapping tool, Leximancer. Statistical content analysis and concept mapping were used to analyse bodies of literature from different domains in three case studies. In the first case study, concept maps were generated and analysed for two closely related document sets-a thesis on language games and the background literature for the thesis. The aim for the case study was to show how concept maps might be used to analyse related document collections for coverage. The two maps overlapped on the concept of ''language''; however, there was a stronger focus in the thesis on ''simulations'' and ''agents.'' Other concepts were not as strong in the thesis map as expected. The study showed how concept maps can help to establish the coverage of the background literature in a thesis. In the second case study, three sets of documents from the domain of conceptual and spatial navigation were collected, each discussing a separate topic: navigational strategies, the brain's role in navigation, and concept mapping. The aim was to explore emergent patterns in a set of related concept maps that may not be apparent from reading the literature alone. Separate concept maps were generated for each topic and also for the combined set of literature. It was expected that each of the topics would be situated in different parts of the combined map, with the concept of ''navigation'' central to the map. Instead, the concept of ''spatial'' was centrally situated and the areas of the map for the brain and for navigational strategies overlaid the same region. The unexpected structure provided a new perspective on the coverage of the documents. In the third and final case study, a set of documents on sponges-a domain unfamiliar to the reader-was collected from the Internet and then analysed with a concept map. The aim of this case study was to present how a concept map could aid in quickly understanding a new, technically intensive domain. Using the concept map to identify significant concepts and the Internet to look for their definitions, a basic understanding of key terms in the domain was obtained relatively quickly. It was concluded that using concept maps is effective for identifying trends within documents and document collections, for performing differential analysis on documents, and as an aid for rapidly gaining an understanding in a new domain by exploring the local detail within the global scope of the textual corpus.
On the audio representation of distance for blind users
Authors: Martin Talbot, William Cowan
Venue: Proceedings of the 27th international conference on Human factors in computing systems (2009)

This study examines methods for displaying distance information to blind travellers using sound, focussing on abstractions of methods currently used in commercial Electronic Travel Aids (ETAs). Ten blind participants assessed three sound encodings commonly used to convey distance information by ETAs: sound frequency (Pitch), Ecological Distance (ED), and temporal variation or Beat Rate (BR). Response time and response correctness were chosen for measures.
Auditory Depth Control Using Reverberation Cue in Virtual Audio Environment
Authors: Han-gil Moon, Yulee Choi
Venue: IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences (2008)

To provide the distance information of a sound source in virtual audio space, we must have some information about effective distance cues and there must be some way to handle them properly. It is well known that the conventional cues comprise loudness, spectral information, reverberation and binaural information. Some research works have shown that most of these cues can give listeners only limited distance information. Among these cues, reverberation can give listeners effective distance information, but the implementation using this cue is not a simple problem because there are no well-defined parameters and methods. This paper discusses methods to control the perceived auditory depth with the reverberation cue. A two-stepped linear envelope method and an artificial reverberator, which can control the early reflection slope of an impulse response but does not alter the reverberation time, are proposed as solutions. To validate these methods, subjective assessment was performed.
Agile human-centered software engineering
Authors: Thomas Memmel, Fredrik Gundelsweiler, Harald Reiterer
Venue: Proceedings of the 21st British CHI Group Annual Conference on HCI 2007: People and Computers XXI: HCI...but not as we know it - Volume 1 (2007)

We seek to close the gap between software engineering (SE) and human-computer interaction (HCI) by indicating interdisciplinary interfaces throughout the different phases of SE and HCI lifecycles. As agile representatives of SE, Extreme Programming (XP) and Agile Modeling (AM) contribute helpful principles and practices for a common engineering approach. We present a cross-discipline user interface design lifecycle that integrates SE and HCI under the umbrella of agile development. Melting IT budgets, pressure of time and the demand to build better software in less time must be supported by traveling as light as possible. We did, therefore, choose not just to mediate both disciplines. Following our surveys, a rather radical approach best fits the demands of engineering organizations.
Plans, Actions and Dialogues Using Linear Logic
Authors: Lucas Dixon, Alan Smaill, Tracy Tsang
Venue: Journal of Logic, Language and Information (2009)

We describe how Intuitionistic Linear Logic can be used to provide a unified logical account for agents to find and execute plans. This account supports the modelling of agent interaction, including dialogue; allows agents to be robust to unexpected events and failures; and supports significant reuse of agent specifications. The framework has been implemented and several case studies have been considered. Further applications include human---computer interfaces as well as agent interaction in the semantic web.
A mixed-integer optimization framework for the synthesis and analysis of regulatory networks
Authors: Panagiota T. Foteinou, Eric Yang, Georges K. Saharidis, Marianthi G. Ierapetritou, Ioannis P. Androulakis
Venue: Journal of Global Optimization (2009)

Motivation: A novel mixed-integer optimization framework is proposed for the design and analysis of regulatory networks. The model combines gene expression data and prior biological knowledge regarding the potential for regulatory interactions between genes and their corresponding transcription factors. The formalism provides significant advantages over available modeling methodologies in that the complexity of the regulatory network can be explicitly taken into account, multiple alternative structures can be systematically generated and finally robust and biological significant regulators can be rigorously identified. The original non-convex mixed integer reformulation is appropriately linearized and the resulting MILP is effectively optimized using standard solvers. The versatility is demonstrated using gene expression and binding data from an E. coli case study during transition from glucose to acetate as the sole carbon source.
A non-homogeneous approach to simulating the spread of disease in a pandemic outbreak
Authors: Theo Wibisono, Dionne M. Aleman, Brian Schwartz
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Winter Simulation (2008)

In the event of a pandemic outbreak, emergency management units must coordinate an effective mitigation strategy to stop the disease spread using limited resources. In order to develop a successful response, it is necessary to have an accurate model of how the disease will spread. Previously presented models largely rely on homogeneous mixing models, which treat every member of the population as having identical infection risk. Intuitively, such an assumption is unrealistic. Certain demographic groups (e.g., healthcare workers, children and the elderly), have higher infection risks. Additionally, behavioral patterns such as use of public transportation impact infection risks. Using contact networks to represent the level of contact between population members and census data to approximate geographic location and travel patterns, we simulate the progression of a droplet-spread disease through the Greater Toronto Area. The results are periodically displayed on area maps using GIS software for visualization and planning purposes.
On the structure of generalized toric codes
Authors: Diego Ruano
Venue: Journal of Symbolic Computation (2009)

Toric codes are obtained by evaluating rational functions of a nonsingular toric variety at the algebraic torus. One can extend toric codes to the so-called generalized toric codes. This extension consists of evaluating elements of an arbitrary polynomial algebra at the algebraic torus instead of a linear combination of monomials whose exponents are rational points of a convex polytope. We study their multicyclic and metric structure, and we use them to express their dual and to estimate their minimum distance.
Concurrent simulation and optimization models for mining planning
Authors: Marcelo Moretti Fioroni, Luiz Augusto G. Franzese, Tales Jefferson Bianchi, Luiz Ezawa, Luiz Ricardo Pinto, Gilberto de Miranda,  Jr.
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Winter Simulation (2008)

One of the most important challenges for mining engineers is to correctly analyze and generate short-term planning schedules, or simply month mining plan. The objective is to demonstrate how simulation and optimization models were combined, with simultaneous execution, in order to achieve a feasible, reliable and accurate solution for this problem. A tool based on Arena simulation software and Lingo was developed, tested and approved within VALE (former CVRD Brazil), with excellent results, presented in this paper.
Optimized Resource Allocation for Software Release Planning
Authors: An Ngo-The, Günther Ruhe
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering (2009)

Release planning for incremental software development assigns features to releases such that technical, resource, risk and budget constraints are met. Planning of software releases and allocation of resources cannot be handled in isolation. A feature can be offered as part of a release only if all its necessary tasks are done before the given release date. We assume a given pool of human resources with different degrees of productivity to perform different types of tasks. To address the inherent difficulty of this process, we propose a two-phased optimization approach that combines the strength of two existing solution methods. The industrial applicability of the approach is primarily directed towards mature organizations having systematic development and measurement processes in place. The expected practical benefit of the planning method is to provide release plan solutions that achieve a better overall business value (e.g., expressed by the degree of stakeholder satisfaction) by better allocation of resources. Without ignoring the importance of the human expert in this process, the contributions of the paper are seen in making the overall process more objective and the resulting decisions more transparent.
Research on Forecast of Sugar Price Based on Improved Neural Network
Authors: Yongchun Xu, Shiquan Shen, Zhen Chen
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Second International Symposium on Intelligent Information Technology and Security Informatics (2009)

According to the feature of market fluctuations in the price of sugar, an optimization algorithm based on improved genetic neural network training was proposed in this paper. A population optimization model on adaptive crossover and mutation operator and niche was designed, by applying gray theory and technology, the sugar price data was processed. A multi-dimensional learning sample and teacher sample for improved genetic neural network training was constructed. Finally, the trend of sugar prices of 1-2 weeks in year 2008 to 2009 was predicted by cases, the comparison of the forecast algorithm versus gray linear systems, S-BP, SGA-BP algorithm showed the integrated optimization of forecast accuracy and forecast effect.
Hardware reusable design of feature extraction for distributed speech recognition
Authors: V. Rodellar-Biarge, C. Gonzalez-Concejero, E. Martinez De Icaya, A. Alvarez-Marquina, P. Gómez-Vilda
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th conference on Applications of electrical engineering (2007)

The design and implementation of a speech-feature extraction front-end module compliant to the Standard Aurora for Distributed Speech Recognition Systems (DSR) is presented in this paper. The design has been oriented towards its reusability in reconfigurable logic implementations. The number of samples of a frame, energy bands and mel-Cepstrum coefficients are parameterized. The design has been modelled in VHDL according to the restrictions and recommendations for high level synthesis, being portable among different EDA tools and technologically independent. The resulting design may be used as a core in the implementation of the client front-end part of Standard Aurora.