ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Development of an XML Information Retrieval System for Queries on Contents and Structures
Authors: Toshiyuki Shimizu, Norimasa Terada, Masatoshi Yoshikawa
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Informatics Research for Development of Knowledge Society Infrastructure (2007)

We have developed an XML information retrieval system which can process queries by keywords or queries by combination of keywords and structural conditions. Queries by keywords are simple yet useful because users are not required to understand XML query languages or XML schema. While issuing queries by combination of keywords and structural conditions requires users to understand query languages and the underlying XML schema, we can restrict the target document fragments and the search conditions using structures in XML. The system was implemented on top of a relational XML database system developed by our group. The system can process both types of queries under a common relational schema. By carefully designing the database schema, the system handles a huge number of document fragments efficiently. For queries by keywords, we have developed a user-friendly interface for displaying search results. Our experiments using INEX test collection show that the system achieved relatively high precision and can process keyword set queries in acceptable search time.
User-mode API for tape libraries
Authors: Aram Khalili
Venue: Proceedings of the annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference (1998)

Tape libraries are becoming more commonplace in various installations, whether they are used for automatic backups, archive or on-line storage. This work represents a freely distributable user-mode C-library that implements various SCSI commands of the Exabyte EXB-210 unit.
NiSi contact metallization using electroless Ni deposition on Pd-activated self-assembled monolayer (SAM) on p-type Si(100)
Authors: A. Duhin, Y. Sverdlov, I. Torchinsky, Yishay Feldman, Y. Shacham-Diamand
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2007)

In this paper we describe a method to form NiSi contacts using electroless plating of Nickel or Ni alloy on Pd activated self-assembled monolayer (SAM) on p-type Si(100). Such method allows uniform deposition of very thin,
Interactive endodontics: modeling, simulation and experimental validation
Authors: Yun-Hui Liu
Venue:  (2006)

Endodontic or root canal treatment is one of the most important dental procedures employed in modern dentistry. Although there have been many results in surgical simulation in the past two decades, little work has been done on endodontics. The objective of this thesis is to explore critical issues for simulating root canal procedures effectively and efficiently, and to develop an interactive virtual environment featured with both visual and haptic feedback to facilitate endodontic training, which opens new roads to the research of root canal simulation and endodontic training. Beyond endodontics, the results of this work can be extended and applied to other kinds of medical simulation and biomechanical modeling, especially the simulations featured with interactions between soft tissue and solid tool objects. This work covers both theories and methodologies related to the interactive endodontic simulation and validation, including dynamic modeling, visual and haptic display, model validation and statistical learning. We focus on the simulation of the most critical step in the entire endodontic procedure---shaping root canal with endodontic files. There are four major contributions of this thesis. First, we propose a dynamic model to simulate endodontic shaping operations, which is a smoothed particle based dynamic model derived for the pulpal tissue coupled with a finite element model for the endodontic files. This approach effectively characterizes the special properties and constraints associated with both the pulpal tissue and the endodontic files. Second, we implement the derived dynamic model and build up the virtual environment for endodontic simulation with both graphic and haptic interfaces. Third, we design a novel Robotic Endodontic Measurement System to acquire real haptic data of interactions between root canal and endodontic files during endodontic shaping, and propose an experimental validation method to evaluate the performance of derived dynamic model. Finally, we propose a support vector regression model to accurately characterize the input-output haptic mapping for endodontic shaping operation. The optimized parameters of this model can be learned from robotic endodontic measurements with RBF kernel.
The role of collaborative support to promote participation and commitment in software development teams: Research Sections
Authors: Renata Mendes de Araujo, Marcos R. S. Borges
Venue: Software Process: Improvement and Practice (2007)

This work discusses the use of collaborative technology as an element for extending software process culture within development teams. This discussion starts with the idea that collaboration support comprises an important element for software process improvement (SPI) and an agent for process learning. We argue that improving awareness information about work processes and about the collaboration intrinsic to it may help software development teams to better accept the idea of defining, standardizing and continuously improving their work. Our approach relies on the use of workflow systems for software process support. We have built an environment&mdash;PIEnvironment&mdash;by extending a commercial workflow system with awareness information mechanisms and participation channels. Through case studies, we have evaluated its use for the enactment of software process activities. Copyright &copy; 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
IDEA: a framework for the fast creation of interactive animations by pen sketching
Authors: Robert Adelmann, Tobias Bischoff, Tobias Lauer
Venue: ACM SIGCSE Bulletin (2007)

We present a Java-based framework for the easy and on-the-fly creation of algorithm animations. Animations are created by sketching both the objects that should be animated and operations that should be performed on them. The IDEA (Interactive Domain rEcognition and Animation) framework combines the recognition of drawn structures, the interaction with these structures and their animation in order to achieve an effortless and natural creation of animations. The framework itself supports the creation of animations in arbitrary domains through a dynamic plug-in architecture, where so-called domain modules encapsulate all domain-specific semantics. Its application and potential is outlined by the help of three prototypical domain modules for linear lists, Petri nets, and the game Connect-four.
Optimizing IPC Performance for Shared-Memory Multiprocessors
Authors: Benjamin Gamsa, Orran Krieger, Michael Stumm
Venue: Proceedings of the 1994 International Conference on Parallel Processing - Volume 01 (1994)

We assert that in order to perform well, a shared-memory multiprocessor inter-process communication (IPC) facility must avoid a) accessing any shared data, and b) acquiring any locks. In addition, such a multiprocessor IPC facility must preserve the locality and concurrency of the applications themselves so that the high performance of the IPC facility can be fully exploited. In this paper we describe the design and implementation of a new shared-memory multiprocessor IPC facility that in the common case internally requires no accesses to shared data and no locking. In addition, the model of IPC we support and our implementation ensure that local resources are made available to the server to allow it to exploit any locality and concurrency available in the service. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first IPC subsystem with these attributes. The performance data we present demonstrates that the end-to- end performance of our multiprocessor IPC facility is competitive with the fastest uniprocessor IPC times.
A multiresolution approach to spike detection in EEG
Authors: G. Calvagno
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 06 (2000)

A technique is proposed for the automatic detection of spikes in electroencephalograms (EEG). A multiresolution approach and a non-linear energy operator are exploited. The signal on each EEG channel is decomposed into three subbands using a non-decimated wavelet transform. Each subband is analyzed by using a non-linear energy operator, in order to detect peaks. A decision rule detects the presence of spikes in the EEG, relying upon the energy of the three subbands. The effectiveness of the proposed technique was confirmed by analyzing both test signals and EEG layouts.
SDR: A Semantic Based Distributed Repository for Simulation Models and Resources
Authors: Marianela Garcia Lozano, Farshad Moradi, Rassul Ayani
Venue: Proceedings of the First Asia International Conference on Modelling & Simulation (2007)

Recent advances in Internet, Peer-to-Peer and Grid technologies have made collaboration and resource sharing across organizational boundaries more feasible. Today, it is essential for many organizations to be able to discover, share and manage distributed resources in a transparent, meaningful and secure way. A fundamental problem is locating, matching and composing resources or services of interest. In this paper we describe our initial work designing and developing a semantic based distributed repository for secure sharing of simulation models, components and related resources such as computer resources. We propose an overlay architecture which combines advances in SemanticWeb, Peer-to-Peer and Grid techniques. In our project at the Swedish Defence Research Agency (FOI) we had a need for a repository of simulation related resources and having identified our requirements we found that there was no suitable of-the-shelf system available. We describe the design, tools and a prototype implementation of this system - the Semantic based Distributed Repository (SDR) and conclude with our experiences and some raised issues. We argue that although some of the used techniques still are a bit immature and need further improvements a system like the SDR has a lot of potential and can also be used in other domains than modeling and simulation.
On test generation by input cube avoidance
Authors: Irith Pomeranz, Sudhakar M. Reddy
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe (2007)

Test generation procedures attempt to assign values to the inputs of a circuit so as to detect target faults. We study a complementary view whereby the goal is to identify values that should not be assigned to inputs in order not to prevent faults from being detected. We describe a procedure for computing input cubes (or incompletely specified input vectors) that should be avoided during test generation for target faults. We demonstrate that avoiding such input cubes leads to the detection of target faults after the application of limited numbers of random input vectors. This indicates that explicit test generation is not necessary once certain input values are precluded. Potential uses of the computed input cubes are in a test generation procedure to reduce the search space, and during built-in test generation to preclude input vectors that will not lead to the detection of target faults.
An Empirical Classification of Visual Methods for Management: Results of Picture Sorting Experiments with Managers and Students
Authors: Martin J. Eppler, Ken Platts
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference Information Visualization (2007)

This paper presents an empirically derived taxonomy of managerial visualization methods by reporting on the results of picture sorting experiments with a total of 65 participants (37 students and 15 experienced and 13 young managers). Participants were asked to group 30 thumb nailed images of visualizationbased methods based on their spontaneous judgments of similarity. By conducting an average cluster analysis on the resulting similarity matrix (based on a pair-wise analysis of group co-membership), an overall classification system emerged from the participants' groupings that revealed salient classification attributes as well as insights into the grouping rationale of students and (junior and senior) managers. As a main result, we present a dendrogram of thirty visual methods and its limitations due to biases in the perception of the participants, diagram novelty, and due to ambiguous conventions employed in some diagrams. In addition, we present a list of salient grouping attributes used by the participants. These attributes, as well as the derived guidelines, can be used for future classification systems in the area of managerial visualization methods.
A Rule based static configuration validation technique in an Autonomous Distributed Environment
Authors: Rajesh Kalyanaraman
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Systems (2007)

In a heterogeneous and complex distributed systems environment, (e.g. business integration), many software systems interchange information, each system stores environment information configuration files. At any given point of time, the interactions are based on these configurations only. Every time a system boots up it validates its own configuration. Whenever there is a failure of a component or its offline without updating, it may lose out on the current context of the environment (changes in the configuration of other systems). E.g. : DHCP induced IP/Port change or a queue name change. Restarting the system without these updates may lead to several problems like erroneous/inconsistent output or failure of the component it selves. To prevent such errors we look in to building autonomy in to such systems by configuration validation.
Tracking speech-presence uncertainty to improve speech enhancement in non-stationary noise environments
Authors: D. Malah
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1999. on 1999 IEEE International Conference - Volume 02 (1999)

Speech enhancement algorithms which are based on estimating the short-time spectral amplitude of the clean speech have better performance when a soft-decision gain modification, depending on the a priori probability of speech absence, is used. In reported works a fixed probability, q, is assumed. Since speech is non-stationary and may not be present in every frequency bin when voiced, we propose a method for estimating distinct values of q for different bins which are tracked in time. The estimation is based on a decision-theoretic approach for setting a threshold in each bin followed by short-time averaging. The estimated q's are used to control both the gain and the update of the estimated noise spectrum during speech presence in a modified MMSE log-spectral amplitude estimator. Subjective tests resulted in higher scores than for the IS-127 standard enhancement algorithm, when pre-processing noisy speech for a coding application.
An Approximate and Efficient Method for Optimal Rotation Alignment of 3D Models
Authors: Michael Kazhdan
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (2007)

In many shape analysis applications, the ability to find the best rotation that aligns two models is an essential first step in the analysis process. In the past, methods for model alignment have either used normalization techniques, such as PCA alignment, or have performed an exhaustive search over the space of rotation to find the best optimal alignment. While normalization techniques have the advantage of efficiency, providing a quick method for registering two shapes, they are often imprecise and can give rise to poor alignments. Conversely, exhaustive search is guaranteed to provide the correct answer, but, even using efficient signal processing techniques, this type of approach can be prohibitively slow. In this paper, we present a new method for aligning two 3D shapes. We show that the method is markedly faster than existing approaches based on efficient signal processing and we provide registration results demonstrating that the alignments obtained using our method have a high degree of precision and are markedly better than those obtained using normalization.
Adopting Software Engineering Trends in AI
Authors: Dragan Djuric, Vladan Devedzic, Dragan Gasevic
Venue: IEEE Intelligent Systems (2007)

In the past few years, software engineering has witnessed two major shifts: model-driven engineering has entered the mainstream, and some leading development tools have become open and extensible. AI has provided new ideas to software engineering, but most of its gems stayed buried in the laboratories, available only to a limited number of AI practitioners. Should AI tools be integrated into mainstream tools? And can this be done? We think it is feasible and that both communities can benefit from this integration. In fact, some efforts in this direction have already taken place, both from major industrial standardization bodies such as OMG and from academic laboratories. The example presented here should inspire readers to think about integrating their work with mainstream tools.
Energy-Aware Mobile Service Overlays: Cooperative Dynamic Power Management in Distributed Mobile Systems
Authors: Balasubramanian Seshasayee, Ripal Nathuji, Karsten Schwan
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Autonomic Computing (2007)

With their increasingly powerful computational resources and high-speed wireless communications, future mobile systems will have the ability to run sophisticated applications on collections of cooperative end devices. Mobility, however, requires dynamic management of these platforms' distributed resources, and such management can also be used to meet application quality requirements and prolong application lifetimes, the latter by best using available energy resources. This paper presents energy-aware Mobile Service Overlays (MSOs), a set of mechanisms and associated policies for running mobile applications across multiple, cooperating machines while actively performing power management to extend system usability lifetimes. MSO policies manage energy consumption by (i) allocating application components to available nodes based upon their current energy capacities and resource availabilities, (ii) monitoring for, and responding to changes in energy and resource characteristics, and (iii) dynamically exploiting energy-performance tradeoffs in overprovisioned situations. Coupled with mobility, such cooperation enables multiple mobile platforms to bring their joint resources to bear on complex application tasks, providing significant benefits to application lifetimes and performance. Evaluations of MSOs on a MANET computing testbed indicate an extension in system lifetime of upto 10% for an example application.
Pyndorama, Integrating Web Learning System in a Single Application
Authors: Carlo E. T. de Oliveira, Livia M. Castro, Luiz G. L. Moura, Felipe M. G. Franca
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Internet and Web Applications and Services (2007)

Notwithstanding all the technology being invested in education, students still have to cope with a massive input of instructional information. However, many insulated initiatives from education community have been put forward. Each initiative by itself may not suffice to change the education landscape. To achieve any noticeable effect, several applications should be brought together into a single application. We propose an enabling technology to involve students in the construction of their own pedagogic content. The idea consists of a game where students participate both as players and constructors of the game. Furthermore, the game provides integration with technologies that allow the insertion of scientific tools and informations in its context. Students using the system, not only can learn the educational content, but meet a laboratory where they can develop a sort of reasoning and social abilities.
Profiling Attacker Behavior Following SSH Compromises
Authors: Daniel Ramsbrock, Robin Berthier, Michel Cukier
Venue: Proceedings of the 37th Annual IEEE/IFIP International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks (2007)

This practical experience report presents the results of an experiment aimed at building a profile of attacker behavior following a remote compromise. For this experiment, we utilized four Linux honeypot computers running SSH with easily guessable passwords. During the course of our research, we also determined the most commonly attempted usernames and passwords, the average number of attempted logins per day, and the ratio of failed to successful attempts. To build a profile of attacker behavior, we looked for specific actions taken by the attacker and the order in which they occurred. These actions were: checking the configuration, changing the password, downloading a file, installing/running rogue code, and changing the system configuration.
Rapid Homology Search with Neighbor Seeds
Authors: Miklos Csuros, Bin Ma
Venue: Algorithmica (2007)

Using a seed to rapidly "hit" possible homologies for further scrutiny is a common practice to speed up homology search in molecular sequences. It was shown that a collection of higher weight seeds have better sensitivity than a single lower weight seed at the same speed. However, huge memory requirements diminish the advantages of high weight seeds. This paper describes a two-stage extension method, which simulates high weight seeds with modest memory requirements. By drawing upon the previously studied ideas of vector seed and multiple seeds, we introduce neighbor seeds, which are implemented using two-stage extension. Neighbor seeds provide the flexibility to maximize the independence between the seeds, which is a well-known criterion for optimizing sensitivity. A major advantage of neighbor seeds is that they all rely on the same pre-built database index. Based on considerations of sensitivity and biological adequacy, different neighbor seeds can be used for different queries without rebuilding the index. The paper also discusses some other practical techniques to reduce memory usage.
Adaptive local feature based classification for multispectral data
Authors: B. Mittapalli
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 04 (2000)

A new adaptive feature selection based supervised classification technique in which features are selected locally rather than globally as in principal component analysis (PCA) and minimum component analysis (MCA) is presented. Classification techniques based on such global parameters tends to degrade because all classes are projected along the principal component direction for PCA and minimum component direction for MCA. All the classes are projected along these directions under the assumption that separability is uniform for all, which is not always true. The new adaptive feature selection classification technique overcomes this disadvantage by selecting features based on the local information of the classes instead of global information. In addition, a minimum likelihood decision rule is employed instead of maximum likelihood decision rule. Good performance of our technique can be seen from the experimental results on the Kennedy Space Center (KSC) TM images.