ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
A New Machine Learning Technique Based on Straight Line Segments
Authors: Joao Henrique Burckas Ribeiro, Ronaldo Fumio Hashimoto
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications (2006)

This paper presents a new supervised machine learning technique based on distances between points and straight lines segments. Basically, given a training data set, this technique estimates a function where its value is calculated using the distance between points and two sets of straight line segments. A training algorithm has been developed to find these sets of straight line segments that minimizes the mean square error. This technique has been applied on two real pattern recognition problems: (1) breast cancer data set to classify tumors as benign or malignant; (2) wine data set to classify wines in one of the three different cultivators from which they could be derived. This technique was also tested with two artificial data sets in order to show its ability to solve approximation function problems. The obtained results show that this technique has a good performance in all of these problems and they indicate that it is a good candidate to be used in Machine Learning applications.
A lab by any other name: integrating traditional labs and computer-supported collaborative investigations in science classrooms
Authors: Matthew Brown, Daniel C. Edelson
Venue: Proceedings of the 1999 conference on Computer support for collaborative learning (1999)

Among the most common form of collaborative discourse in middle school science classrooms is the carefully planned laboratory investigation, where groups of students follow prescribed procedures in order to reproduce and measure some scientifically explainable event. While there are clear pedagogical benefits to replicating scientific processes in a controlled classroom setting, students often have difficulty comprehending how such phenomena manifest on larger scales and connecting their lab results to the real world. The WorldWatcher data visualization software adds a novel dimension to classroom investigations by allowing students to investigate and discuss global climate phenomena within a globally situated geographic context. This paper will discuss the design of an integrated classroom curricular unit on global warming in which WorldWatcher activities and traditional classroom labs complement each other in order to support student collaboration in classroom science investigations. Based on analyses of students collaborating in pairs and in whole-class discussions, we will argue that our two-pronged approach to curriculum design represents an effective framework for introducing innovative computer-supported inquiry tools in urban middle school science classrooms while remaining sensitive to the existing practices of teachers and students in these contexts.
A Neural-based Model for Fast Continuous and Global Robot Location
Authors: Álvaro Sánchez Miralles, Miguel Ángel Bobi
Venue: Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems (2006)

One of the problems in the field of mobile robotics is the estimation of the robot position in an environment. This paper proposes a model for estimating a confidence interval of the robot position in order to compare it with the estimation made by a dead-reckoning system. Both estimations are fused using heuristic rules. The positioning model is very valuable in estimating the current robot position with or without knowledge about the previous positions. Furthermore, it is possible to define the degree of knowledge of the robot previous position, making it possible to adapt the estimation by varying this knowledge degree. This model is based on a one-pass neural network which adapts itself in real time and learns about the relationship between the measurements from sensors and the robot position.
Store, Forget, and Check: Using Algebraic Signatures to Check Remotely Administered Storage
Authors: Thomas S. J. Schwarz, Ethan L. Miller
Venue: Proceedings of the 26th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (2006)

The emerging use of the Internet for remote storage and backup has led to the problem of verifying that storage sites in a distributed system indeed store the data; this must often be done in the absence of knowledge of what the data should be. We use m/n erasure-correcting coding to safeguard the stored data and use algebraic signatures hash functions with algebraic properties for verification. Our scheme primarily utilizes one such algebraic property: taking a signature of parity gives the same result as taking the parity of the signatures. To make our scheme collusionresistant, we blind data and parity by XORing them with a pseudo-random stream. Our scheme has three advantages over existing techniques. First, it uses only small messages for verification, an attractive property in a P2P setting where the storing peers often only have a small upstream pipe. Second, it allows verification of challenges across random data without the need for the challenger to compare against the original data. Third, it is highly resistant to coordinated attempts to undetectably modify data. These signature techniques are very fast, running at tens to hundreds of megabytes per second. Because of these properties, the use of algebraic signatures will permit the construction of large-scale distributed storage systems in which large amounts of storage can be verified with minimal network bandwidth.
Towards flexible mobile payment via mediator-based service model
Authors: Charles Chong, Hui-Na Chua, Cheng-Suan Lee
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Electronic commerce: The new e-commerce: innovations for conquering current barriers, obstacles and limitations to conducting successful business on the internet (2006)

Applications and digital goods for mobile devices have been around for more than a decade. Recent technology development has also driven the use of mobile commerce technology. Mobile commerce is another form of payment but it has the ability to embrace new ideas concerning digital money as mobile device have grown to become an essential personal needs. A range of businesses have already been thinking along these lines and tried to gear their ideas towards using the mobile phone as a payment device with the aim of making life simpler for consumer. Some applications are already driving the use of mobile phone as payment device with the purchase of digital goods such as ring-tones and games but this is just the beginning, as long as the technologies can iron out their differences and formulate a more cohesive technology platform. This paper suggests a mobile web services concept framework solution which allows mobile payment with flexible payment options for mobile consumers.
XML-based supply chain simulation modeling
Authors: Dean C. Chatfield, Terry P. Harrison, Jack C. Hayya
Venue: Proceedings of the 36th conference on Winter simulation (2004)

We describe a different approach to using XML to support the simulation modeling of supply chains. Instead of using XML to specify the simulation constructs, as most previous approaches do, we utilize XML to describe the supply chain itself. The Supply Chain Modeling Language (SCML) is a general, reusable, platform and methodology independent standard for describing a supply chain's structure and logic. SCML is usable by analysts using many methodologies, including simulation. We describe a sample simulation system (SISCO) that uses SCML files as input. This system uses an algorithm to "map" the SCML file contents to simulation classes contained in a supply chain simulation class library, resulting in an object-oriented simulation model of the supply chain.
An Approach to Representing Uncertainty Rules in RuleML
Authors: Carlos Viegas Damasio, Jeff Z. Pan, Giorgos Stoilos, Umberto Straccia
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Rules and Rule Markup Languages for the Semantic Web (2006)

The RuleML initiative defines a normalized markup for expressing and exchange rules in the Semantic Web. However, the syntax of the language is still limited and lacks features for representing rule-based languages capable of handling uncertainty. It is desirable to have a general extension of RuleML which accommodates major existing languages proposed in the latest two decades. The main contribution of the paper is to propose such a general extension, showing how to encode many of the existing languages in this extension. We hope this work can also provide some insights on how to cover uncertainty in the RIF framework.
Storage capacity of hierarchically coupled associative memories
Authors: Rogerio M. Gomes, Antonio P. Braga, Henrique E. Borges
Venue: Proceedings of the Ninth Brazilian Symposium on Neural Networks (2006)

This paper, taking as inspiration the ideas proposal for the TNGS (Theory of Neuronal Group Selection), presents a study of convergence capacity of two-level associative memories based on coupled Generalized-Brain-State-in-a-Box (GBSB) neural networks. In this model, the memory processes are described as being organized functionally in hierarchical levels, where the higher levels would coordinate sets of function of the lower levels. Simulations were carried out to illustrate the behaviour of the capacity of the system for a wide range of the system parameters considering linearly independent (LI) and orthogonal vectors. The results obtained show the relations amongst convergence, intensity and density of coupling.
A Gossip-Based Energy Conservation Protocol for Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks
Authors: Xiaobing Hou, David Tipper, Shuju Wu
Venue: Journal of Network and Systems Management (2006)

In this paper, we present an energy conservation scheme for wireless ad hoc and sensor networks using gossiping to place nodes in an energy saving sleep state. The technique is termed the Gossip-based Sleep Protocol (GSP). With GSP, each node randomly goes to sleep for some time with gossip sleep probability p. GSP is based on the observation that in a well connected network there are usually many paths between a source and destination, so a percentage of nodes can be in an energy conserving sleep mode without losing network connectivity. GSP needs few operations, scales to large networks and does not require a wireless node to maintain the states of other nodes. We propose two versions of GSP, one for synchronous networks and one for asynchronous networks, and afterward extend GSP to adapt to network traffic conditions. We show the advantages of the GSP approach through both simulations and analysis.
Using Operational Architecture to Model Embedded Software
Authors: Sang-Uk Jeon, Jang-Eui Hong, Doo-Hwan Bae
Venue: Proceedings of the XIII Asia Pacific Software Engineering Conference (2006)

Almost methods in embedded software modeling take software architecture as one of the crucial parts of the design process. Since a principal role of embedded software is the interaction with its environments, architectures that describe the dynamic aspects are also needed. Although such architectural view is significantly important in embedded software development, the existing approaches do not practically guide the architectural design based on the dynamic aspects. In this paper, we propose an operational architecture to represent the dynamic aspects of an embedded software. Also we explain how to use our operational architecture in the process of embedded software modeling. Our operational architecture effectively reflects interactionbased dynamic behavior of the system, and gives traceability between requirements and design model.
Novel input method shoot-out
Authors: Scott Weiss
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th conference on Human-computer interaction with mobile devices and services (2006)

MobileHCI regularly features papers about novel mobile phone input technologies. This panel presents four speakers representing their technologies. Each technology is approaching commercialization and this panel gives the inventors an opportunity to discuss the merits of their intellectual property and how it can be deployed on mobile devices. Speakers represent corporations whose sole purpose is to sell mobile input technology intellectual property. Questions will focus on what the technology is, how it is better than what is available today, and how it is superior to other input technologies. Audience input will be welcomed.
Calibration of VISSIM for shanghai expressway using genetic algorithm
Authors: Wu Zhizhou, Sun Jian, Yang Xiaoguang
Venue: Proceedings of the 37th conference on Winter simulation (2005)

This paper presents how an optimal optimization method, Genetic Algorithm (GA), is applied for finding a suitable combination of VISSIM parameters. The North-South (N-S) Expressway is investigated and simulated in VISSIM platform using field data obtained from Traffic Information Collecting System (TICS) in Shanghai. Numerous simulation tests indicate that the following main parameters have affected simulation precision most deeply, such as Desired Speed in Reduced Speed Area (DSRSA), Desired Lane-Change Distance (DLCD), and Wiedemann99 car-following parameters, the average desired distance between stopped cars (CCO), the headway time (in second) that a driver wants to keep at a certain speed (CC1), and safety distance a driver allows before he intentionally moves closer to the car in front (CC2). The prepositional parameter combination of DSRSA, DLCD, CCO, CC1 and CC2 is 40,500, 1.5, 0.8 and 3.50 for peak time traffic.
Determinants of Venture Capital-Backed Firms Performance: A Conceptual Framework
Authors: Erli Liu, Yi Cui, Ronghui Fan
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Services Computing (2006)

As the intensity increases rapidly in terms of business competition, it is very necessary to gain a better insight into what factors could influence the performance of venture capital-backed firms, which will enable venture capitalists to identify viable business opportunities and entrepreneurs to explore competitive advantages. This paper mainly studies the determinants of venture capital-backed firms' performance. The authors develop a conceptual framework for analyzing the impact of different factors on performance of venture capital-backed firms, and propose five hypotheses. Namely, industry growth, internal capabilities, entrepreneurial strategy making, venture capitalists value-added activities and external networks will be positively related to the performance of venture capital-backed firms. Finally, this paper discusses implications of the study and also provides directions for future research. This study provides a platform to future empirical investigation. It will facilitate researchers to go one step further to find out what factors can improve the performance of venture capital-backed firms.
Adaptive distributed resource allocation and diagnostics using cooperative information-sharing strategies
Authors: Partha S. Dutta, Nicholas R. Jennings, Luc Moreau
Venue: Proceedings of the fifth international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems (2006)

A major challenge in efficiently solving distributed resource allocation problems is to cope with the dynamic state changes that characterise such systems. An effective solution to this problem should be able to detect state changes and determine why they occur (diagnosing the cause) in order to adapt to the prevailing situation. Now, since agents typically have localised views and communication constraints that prohibit global instantaneous synchronisation, we argue that cooperative information-sharing can provide them with the necessary adaptiveness and diagnostics ability. To this end, we develop a novel information-sharing algorithm for resource allocation tasks by building upon the most effective algorithm currently available in this domain. Then, using empirical analyses on a resource allocation application with dynamic state changes, network call routing with network failures, we show that, compared to the benchmark, our new algorithm achieves up to a 20% increase in call throughput, up to 3.5 times faster throughput recovery after failures, and provides a novel mechanism for distributed failure diagnosis without false positives and false negatives.
A learning-based hybrid approach for anonymous recommendation
Authors: Jorn Philipp Knuchel, Nenad Stojanovic
Venue: Proceedings of the The 8th IEEE International Conference on E-Commerce Technology and The 3rd IEEE International Conference on Enterprise Computing, E-Commerce, and E-Services (2006)

In this paper we present a novel approach for anonymous recommendation that combines the knowledge-based recommendation with a learning component. The novelty of the approach is specially expressed through a new approach for cascade combination of two systems, that enables better the usage of prior knowledge in the learning process. Secondly, the training data for learning is based on a complex description of a recommendation situation, that enables significant improvement in the quality of recommendations in unseen situations. The approach has been implemented in a real e-commerce environment and tested in large dataset based on the twenty months usage data. The results of the evaluation studies show that this kind of hybrid systems is very promising for ephemeral recommendation.
CISL: a class-based machine description language for co-generation of compilers and simulators
Authors: J. Eliot B. Moss, Trek Palmer, Timothy Richards, Edward K. Walters,  II, Charles C. Weems
Venue: International Journal of Parallel Programming (2005)

It is currently difficult fully to understand the performance of a modern dynamic programming language system, such as Java. One must observe execution in the context of specific architectures in order to evaluate the effects of optimizations. To do this we require simulators and compiler back-ends for a wide variety of machines that are capable of handling the demands of today's dynamically compiled languages and their environments. We introduce here CISL, a machine description language specifically designed for the automatic generation of simulators and compiler back-end. CISL is a class-based language with a C/Java style syntax aimed at extensibility. CISL is processed by tools to generate descriptions of architectures represented in an intermediate form; the descriptions are then further combined and processed to produce efficient compiler and simulator components designed to "plug in" to existing frameworks. CISL provides the necessary flexibility to advance the simulation paradigm to match the state of the art in computer systems.
A DoS Resilient Flow-level Intrusion Detection Approach for High-speed Networks
Authors: Yan Gao, Zhichun Li, Yan Chen
Venue: Proceedings of the 26th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (2006)

Global-scale attacks like viruses and worms are increasing in frequency, severity and sophistication, making it critical to detect outbursts at routers/gateways instead of end hosts. In this paper we leverage data streaming techniques such as the reversible sketch to obtain HiFIND, a High-speed Flow-level Intrusion Detection system. In contrast to existing intrusion detection systems, HiFIND I ) is scalable to flow-level detection on high-speed networks; 2) zs DoS resilient; 3) can distinguish SYN flooding and various port scans (mostly for worm propagation) for effective mitigation; 4 ) enables aggregate detection over multiple routers/gateways; and 5) separates anomalies to limit false positives in detection. Both theoretical analysis and evaluation with several router traces show that HiFIND achieves these properties. To the best of our knowledge, HiFIND is the first online DoS resilient flow-level intrusion detection system for high-speed networks (approximately 10s of Gigabit/second), even for the worst case trafic of 40-byte-packet streams with each packet forming a flow.
Statistical Geometry and Topology of Real and Model Protein Structures
Authors: Todd J. Taylor, Iosif I. Vaisman
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Voronoi Diagrams in Science and Engineering (2006)

We have subjected several sets of real and simplified model proteins to Delaunay tessellation and have computed statistics on both Delaunay simplex geometry and the tendency of quadruplets of residue types to be joined together in simplices. We have characterized the geometry and contact patterns of real proteins and some of the ways in which they differ from these model structures. We have also found heretofore unreported asymmetries in contact patterns among residue quadruplets joined in simplices in real proteins.
Encapsulation of Implicit and Explicit Memory in Sequence Learning
Authors: Paul J. Reber, Larry R. Squire
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (1998)

Contrasts between implicit and explicit knowledge in the serial reaction time (SRT) paradigm have been challenged because they have depended on a single dissociation: intact implicit knowledge in the absence of corresponding explicit knowledge. In the SRT task, subjects respond with a corresponding keypress to a cue that appears in one of four locations. The cue follows a repeating sequence of locations, and subjects can exhibit knowledge of the repeating sequence through increasingly rapid performance (an implicit test) or by being able to recognize the sequence (an explicit test). In our study, amnesic patients were given extensive SRT training.Their implicit and explicit test performance was compared to the performance of control subjects who memorized the training sequence. Compared with control subjects, amnesic patients exhibited superior performance on the implicit task and impaired performance on the explicit task. This crossover interaction suggests that implicit and explicit knowledge of the embedded sequence are separate and encapsulated and that they presumably depend on different brain systems.
Explicit task representation based on gesture interaction
Authors: Christian Müller-Tomfelde, Cécile Paris
Venue: Proceedings of the 2005 NICTA-HCSNet Multimodal User Interaction Workshop - Volume 57 (2006)

This paper describes the role and the use of an explicit task representation in applications where humans interact in non-traditional computer environments using gestures. The focus lies on training and assistance applications, where the objective of the training includes implicit knowledge, e.g., motor-skills. On the one hand, these applications require a clear and transparent description of what has to be done during the interaction, while, on the other hand, they are highly interactive and multimodal. Therefore, the human computer interaction becomes modelled from the top down as a collaboration in which each participant pursues their individual goal that is stipulated by a task. In a bottom up processing, gesture recognition determines the actions of the user by applying processing on the continuous data streams from the environment. The resulting gesture or action is interpreted as the user's intention and becomes evaluated during the collaboration, allowing the system to reason about how to best provide guidance at this point. A vertical prototype based on the combination of a haptic virtual environment and a knowledge-based reasoning system is discussed and the evolvement of the task-based collaboration becomes demonstrated.