ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
ACCORDO: second generation floor planning
Authors: Grazia Arato, Giuseppe Bussolino, Anna M. Fiammengo, Roberto Manione
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on European design automation (1990)

The Layout Automation of modern VLSI "cell-based" chips relies on the availability of a powerful set of algorithms able to generate the layout of whole ICs, maximally exploiting the cell library and taking advice from the designer through a user-friendly interaction.This paper deals with a new Floor Planner, ACCORDO1, that brings some innovative concepts and facilities to the Floor Planning task and emphasizes the user-interaction in order to deliver a successful mix between the power of the algorithms and the versatility of "ad-hoc" solutions.Key features of ACCORDO are the Hierarchy Editor that allows for changes in the circuit partitioning, a tight integration with the Module Generators, a powerful Placement Editor and a Contour Channel Router.
The Role of Demand Underscheduling in the California Energy Crisis
Authors: Ezra D. Hausman, Richard D. Tabors
Venue: Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 37th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'04) - Track 2 - Volume 2 (2004)

The lack of demand response to rapidly increasing prices in the California electricity market in 2000 and early 2001 has been identified as one significant factor in the descent of that market into dysfunction. Only consumers in San Diego saw their bills increase with the increase in spot market costs in the state, and they saw it after the fact. Less noticed and now hotly denied was the effect of the day-ahead demand bidding behavior of Pacific Gas & Electric (PG&E), specifically, on the disequilibrium and ultimate collapse of the California electricity market.The objective of this paper is to evaluate the impact of PG&E's bidding behavior during the crisis. The paper will examine PG&E's underscheduling of load through the creation and bidding of hourly demand curves that bore no relation either to the realities ofinelastic demand within the service territory or to the spatial distribution of that demand within the state. The paper concludes that the silent initiator of the California crisis was the economically rational, but structurally destabilizing, bidding behavior of PG&E in their effort to shift purchased energy from the day-ahead to the real-time market. This shift was neither anticipated by the designers of the market nor effectively responded to by California or Federal regulators when its impact was identified.
Probing-Based Preprocessing Techniques for Propositional Satisfiability
Authors: Inês Lynce, João Marques-Silva
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence (2003)

Preprocessing is an often used approach for solving hard instances of propositional satisfiability (SAT). Preprocessing can be used for reducing the number of variables and for drastically modifying the set of clauses, either by eliminating irrelevant clauses or by inferring new clauses. Over the years, a large number of formula manipulation techniques has been proposed, that in some situations have allowed solving instances not otherwise solvable with state-of-the-art SAT solvers. This paper proposes probing-based preprocessing, an integrated approach for preprocessing propositional formulas, that for the first time integrates in a single algorithm most of the existing formula manipulation techniques. Moreover, the new unified framework can be used to develop new techniques. Preliminary experimental results illustrate that probing-based preprocessing can be effectively used as a preprocessing tool instate-of-the-art SAT solvers.
Customising WAP-based information services on mobile networks
Authors: Wei-Po Lee, Cheng-Che Lu
Venue: Personal and Ubiquitous Computing (2003)

In addition to voice transmission over mobile networks, the demand of data communication has been increasing. To deploy data-oriented applications for mobile terminals, the wireless application protocol (WAP) has provided a promising solution. However, as in the World Wide Web (WWW), the increasing information leads to the problem of information overload. One way to overcome such a problem is to build intelligent recommender systems to provide customised information services. By analyzing the information collected from the user, a customised recommender system is able to reason his personal preferences and to build a model of predictions. In this way, only the information predicted as user-interested can reach the end user. This paper presents a multi-agent framework in which a decision tree-based approach is employed to learn a user&rsquo;s preferences. To assess the proposed framework, a mobile phone simulator is used to represent a mobile environment and a series of experiments are conducted. The experimental studies have concentrated on how to recommend appropriate information to the individual user, and on how the system can adapt to a user&rsquo;s most recent preferences. The results and analysis show that based on our framework the WAP-based customised information services can be successfully performed.
Design and Analysis of Practical Public-Key Encryption Schemes Secure against Adaptive Chosen Ciphertext Attack
Authors: Ronald Cramer, Victor Shoup
Venue: SIAM Journal on Computing (2004)

A new public-key encryption scheme, along with several variants, is proposed and analyzed. The scheme and its variants are quite practical and are proved secure against adaptive chosen ciphertext attack under standard intractability assumptions. These appear to be the first public-key encryption schemes in the literature that are simultaneously practical and provably secure.
Projection minimization algorithm for blind channel equalizer
Authors: Shiann-Jeng Yu
Venue: Signal Processing (2003)

This paper presents a new direct blind channel equalizer by using spatial adaptive filtering technique. Two correlation matrices with time delay parameters d and d + 1 are incorporated into design to guarantee the extraction of a d-delay signal. To reduce the system computation complexity of the algorithm, a projection minimization criterion is introduced. It is shown that the optimal equalizer weights can be found by searching the least dominant eigenvector of a generalized eigenvalue problem. The proposed algorithm has benefits of extracting the signals with delay not restricted to the first or the last of a received data. This paper also develops an optimal delay determination method for selecting the delay to reach the best performance. Several simulation examples demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has fast convergence speed and is robust to the channel order selection.
Topics in complex random matrices and information theory
Authors: Remi Vaillancourt, Mayer Alvo
Venue:  (2003)

The eigenvalue distribution of both central and noncentral complex Wishart matrices are investigated with the objective of studying several open problems in information theory and numerical analysis, etc. Specifically, the largest, kth largest, and the smallest eigenvalue distributions of complex Wishart matrices and the condition number distribution of complex Gaussian random matrices are derived. These distributions are represented by complex hypergeometric functions of matrix arguments, which can be expressed in terms of complex zonal polynomials. We derive several results on complex hypergeometric functions and zonal polynomials that are used to evaluate these distributions. We also give a method to compute these complex hypergeometric functions. Then the connection between the complex Wishart matrix theory and information theory is formulated. This facilitates the evaluation of the most important information-theoretic measure, the so-called channel capacity. The capacity of the communication channel expresses the maximum rate at which information can be reliably conveyed by the channel. In particular, the capacities of the multiple input, multiple output Rayleigh and Rician distributed channels are fully investigated. We consider both correlated and uncorrelated channels and derive the corresponding channel capacity formulas. These studies show how the channel correlations degrade the capacity of the communication system.
Typology of B-to-B E-Commerce Initiatives and Related Benefits in Manufacturing SMEs
Authors: Elie Elia, Louis A. Lefebvre, Élisabeth Lefebvre
Venue: Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 37th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'04) - Track 7 - Volume 7 (2004)

Empirical research into business-to-business e-commerce issues involving manufacturing small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is still embryonic. In an attempt to partially fill this gap, this paper presents empirical data from an electronic survey conducted among 96 manufacturing SMEs to investigate e-commerce initiatives and their perceived benefits for adopting firms.E-commerce initiatives are assessed in this study using a set of 36 business processes that can be executed using e-commerce tools. These processes were classified according to their focus: customer (downstream), supplier (upstream) or in-house. The research findings point to four main profiles for manufacturing SMEs with different e-commerce focuses. The first group seems to lack any focus or may still be exploring e-commerce opportunities. The second and third groups are supplier- and customer-focused, respectively. The fourth group consists of the more involved SMEs that have leveraged their e-commerce initiatives with both their customers and their suppliers. The results also suggest the existence of a close alignment between e-commerce focus and the related benefits.
Suprathreshold intrinsic dynamics of the human visual system
Authors: Gopathy Purushothaman, Haluk Öǧmen, Harold E. Bedell
Venue: Neural Computation (2003)

Intrinsic high-frequency neural activities have been observed in the visual system of several species, but their functional significance for visual perception remains a fundamental puzzle in cognitive neuroscience. Spatiotemporal integration in the human visual system acts as a low-pass filter and makes the psychophysical observation of high-frequency activities very difficult. A computational model of retino-cortical dynamics (RECOD) is used to derive experimental paradigms that allow psychophysical studies of high-frequency neural activities. A reduced-parameter version of the model is used to quantitatively relate psychophysical data collected in two of these experimental paradigms. Statistical analysis shows that the model's account of the variance in the data is, in general, highly significant. We suggest that psychophysically measured oscillations reflect intrinsic neuronal oscillations observed in the visual cortex.
Delivering effective presentations with OpenOffice.org's Impress
Authors: Rob Reilly
Venue: Linux Journal (2004)

Make a professional case for your next Linux project.
Limit boundary conditions for finite volume approximations of some physical problems
Authors: Robert Eymard, Thierry Gallouët, Jullien Vovelle
Venue: Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics (2003)

In the industrial context, finite volume schemes are used to compute an approximation of the solution of a system of equations set on a certain domain. When this domain is bounded, some numerical boundary conditions have to be implemented in order to complete the computation of the finite volume scheme. This is a tricky step in the elaboration of the scheme, which is still not mastered. In fact, at a closer sight, it appears that there is a deep interaction between the understanding of the physical phenomena at the boundary of the domain and the implementation of the numerical boundary conditions. Unfortunately, this link is not always completely intelligible and a reason for this lack of clarity is the fact that, whereas the the continuous equation satisfied by the limit of the numerical solution is known, the boundary conditions satisfied by this very limit are not well-understood. The purpose of this paper is to clarify this point in three industrial situations of one-dimensional two-phase flows.
An XVCL Approach to Handling Variants: A KWIC Product Line Example
Authors: Hongyu Zhang, Stan Jarzabek
Venue: Proceedings of the Tenth Asia-Pacific Software Engineering Conference Software Engineering Conference (2003)

We developed XVCL (XML-based VariantConfiguration Language), a method and tool for productlines, to facilitate handling variants in reusable softwareassets (such as architecture, code components or UMLmodels). XVCL is a newer version of Bassett's frames [1],a technology that has achieved substantial productivityimprovements in large data processing product lineswritten in COBOL. Despite its simplicity, XVCL caneffectively manage a wide range of product line variantsfrom a compact base of meta-components, structured foreffective reuse. We applied XVCL in two medium-sizeproduct line projects and a number of smaller casestudies. In this paper, we communicate XVCL'scapabilities to support product lines by means of a simple,but still interesting, example of the KWIC systemintroduced by Parnas in 1970's. We show how we canhandle functional variants, variant design decisions andimplementation-level variants in a generic KWIC system.
De-escalation of commitment in software projects: who matters? what matters?
Authors: Cheng-Suang Heng, Bernard C. Y. Tan, Kwok-Kee Wei
Venue: Information and Management (2003)

Through de-escalation of commitment (DoC), software projects with poor prospects for success may be sensibly abandoned and precious resources channeled to more productive uses. In spite of its importance, there has been little research on factors contributing to DoC in software projects. Using a laboratory experiment, this study investigates the impact of individuals (superiors and peers) and approach (shoulder blame and provide assurance) on DoC under varying conditions of sunk cost (high versus low). Results showed that, under conditions of low sunk cost, superiors who helped to shoulder blame (the shelter strategy) or provide assurance (the support strategy) appeared to be useful in facilitating DoC. Peers who helped to shoulder blame (the sharing strategy) or provide assurance (the sympathy strategy) also appeared to be useful in facilitating DoC, with the former strategy being particularly effective. But under conditions of high sunk cost, none of these four strategies appeared to be able to facilitate DoC. Implications of these results for practice are discussed.
Local realizability toposes and a modal logic for computability
Authors: Steven Awodey, Lars Birkedal, Dana S. Scott
Venue: Mathematical Structures in Computer Science (2002)

This work is a step toward the development of a logic for types and computation that includes not only the usual spaces of mathematics and constructions, but also spaces from logic and domain theory. Using realizability, we investigate a configuration of three toposes that we regard as describing a notion of relative computability. Attention is focussed on a certain local map of toposes, which we first study axiomatically, and then by deriving a modal calculus as its internal logic. The resulting framework is intended as a setting for the logical and categorical study of relative computability.
Value-Conscious Cache: Simple Technique for Reducing Cache Access Power
Authors: Yen-Jen Chang, Chia-Lin Yang, Feipei Lai
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe - Volume 1 (2004)

Most microprocessors employ the on-chip caches to bridge the performance gap between the processor and main memory. However, the cache accesses usually contribute significantly to the total power consumption of the chip. Based on the observation that an overwhelming majority of the cache access bits are 0', in this paper we propose a value-conscious (VC) cache to reduce the average cache power consumption during an access. Unlike the conventional cache with differential-bitline implementation, the VC cache is a single-bitlinedesign. Depending on the access bit value, the VC cache can dynamically prevent the bitline from being discharged such that the power dissipated in accessing 0' is much less than the power dissipated in accessing 1'. The implementation of the VC cache is a circuit-level technique, which is software independent and orthogonal to other low power techniques at architecture-level. The experimental results based on the SPEC2000 and MediaBench traces show that without compromise of both performance and stability, by exploiting the prevalence of 0' bits in access data the VC cache can reduce the average cache read and write power by about 18%-22% and 36%-40%, respectively.
Hybrid compiled/interpreted simulation of MOS circuits
Authors: Larry McMurchie, Craig Anderson, Gaetano Borriello
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on European design automation (1991)

We have developed a switch-level simulator that combines the speed of compiled simulation algorithms with the flexibility and fast set-up times of interpretive schemes. Compiled simulation is fast for simple subcircuits and slow for certain complex ones. Interpretive schemes have a fast set-up time, but are slow in simulating simple circuits because of the overhead of the interpreted data structures. Our hybrid scheme, based on COSMOS and MOSSIM II, offers the best of both approaches, reducing simulation time for a variety of common circuits and saving a factor of 3 or more in set-up time.
Multicolour programming and metamorphic programming: object oriented programming-in-the-large
Authors: R. C. Holt, D. A. Penny, S. Mancoridis
Venue: Proceedings of the 1992 conference of the Centre for Advanced Studies on Collaborative research - Volume 1 (1992)

A key difficulty in programming-in-the-large is the lack of a framework in which to place the rich set of concepts entailed in the software development cycle. We propose such a framework, one that supports separation of concerns (for example, among distinct phases such as analysis and design) in an integrated environment.Our multicolour programming approach splits programming into levels each of which is designated by a particular colour. The upper levels correspond to programming-in-the-large while the lowest levels correspond to programming-in-the-small. From high to low levels, these are:Brown Libraries and projects,Black Modules and relations among them,Green Interfaces to individual modules,Blue Specification and coding of individual modules.We also have Red programming, which corresponds to the making (compiling and linking) of individual software products or releases.Distinct from these levels, we distinguish the traditional (waterfall) phases of software development:A Analysis,S Specification,P Prototyping,I Implementation,T Tuned Implementation AN@Together we call these phases ASPIT, based on their initials. These phases may be developed in any order, including top-down and bottom-up. A phase is a view of a piece of software, rather than a sequential step in the process of its development. We use the term metamorphic programming to emphasize that the module is smoothly transformed from one ASPIT phase to another, minimizing the chance of disagreement between adjacent phases.Throughout we emphasize visibility and accessibility, to maximize the ability of programmers and managers to understand and improve the ongoing development process.
In formation: Support for flexibility, mobility, collaboration, and coherence
Authors: Monika Büscher, Gunnar Kramp, Peter Gall Krogh
Venue: Personal and Ubiquitous Computing (2003)

This paper describes support for flexibility, mobility and collaboration in engaging with, and making sense of, information. Our focus lies on the transitions people make between different, dynamic configurations of digital and physical materials, technologies, people and spaces. The technologies we describe have been developed in partnership with landscape architects over the past two years. We show that appliances and people can come together in a way that creates scope for such transitions, collaboration, and the emergence of new ways of working.
A mosaicing approach for the acquisition and representation of 3D painted surfaces for conservation and restoration purposes
Authors: Paolo Grattoni, Massimiliano Spertino
Venue: Machine Vision and Applications (2003)

This paper describes an approach to the acquisition and representation of information on 3D painted surfaces (usually frescoes) based on the tassellation and mosaicing of the whole surface. The acquisition is carried out using an active vision system specifically designed for these purposes. In this paper, particular emphasis is placed on the mosaicing procedure of the acquired images, which, while conceptually simple, allows one to obtain very good results thanks to the effective exploitation of the features of the acquisition system. A careful qualitative and quantitative analysis of the performances of the system, obtained through tests on real scenes in the laboratory, is also presented.
A note on a due-date assignment on a two-machine flow-shop
Authors: Motty Birman, Gur Mosheiov
Venue: Computers and Operations Research (2004)

We address a due-date assignment and scheduling problem in a two-machine flow-shop setting. Our objective is to find both the job schedule and the common due-date which minimize maximum earliness, tardiness and due-date costs. We introduce an efficient (O(n2 log n)) solution, based on repetitive use of the well-known Johnson Algorithm.
Partitioning Two-Coloured Complete Graphs into Two Monochromatic Cycles
Authors: Tomasz Łuczak, Vojtěch Rödl, Endre Szemerédi
Venue: Combinatorics, Probability and Computing (1998)

We prove that there exists n0, such that, for every n&ge;n0 and every 2-colouring of the edges of the complete graph Kn, one can find two vertex-disjoint monochromatic cycles of different colours which cover all vertices of Kn.
Effects of multimedia on document browsing and navigation: an exploratory empirical investigation
Authors: Albert H. Huang
Venue: Information and Management (2003)

As intranets become more widely adopted by business organizations, a growing number of IS are being developed or retrofitted to hypermedia style in order to provide standard Web browsers as the user interface. This allows business documents to be organized and connected by hyperlinks. As a result, the retrieving of information has become easier and more useful in the decision-making process. A field experiment was conducted to assess the effects of multimedia on decision makers' browsing and navigation behavior. Data was collected using a study group of forty professionals with management responsibilities. To identify possible business threats and opportunities, participants searched and analyzed information stored in an experimental Executive Support System (ESS). Participants' information-browsing and navigation behaviors were recorded for analysis. The results suggest that the use of multimedia: • affects decision makers' browsing and navigation behavior in terms of total browsing time, average browsing time per document, and total number of documents retrieved; • does not affect navigation efficiency; • cognitive styles of users do not affect their navigation efficiency.
Review and comparative study of control techniques for three-phase PWM rectifiers
Authors: M. Malinowski, M. P. Kazmierkowski, A. Trzynadlowski
Venue: Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (2003)

Control techniques for PWM rectifiers in ac adjustable speed drives are presented. In particular, the so-called virtual flux-oriented control (VFOC) and virtual flux-based direct power control (VF-DPC) schemes are described and compared with their voltage-based counterparts, that is, the voltage-oriented control (VOC) and voltage-based direct power control (V-DPC) techniques. Theoretical background is provided, and results of computer Simulations and laboratory experiments are given, documenting advantages and disadvantages of the individual control strategies.