ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Real-Time Human Posture Reconstruction in Wireless Smart Camera Networks
Authors: Chen Wu, Hamid Aghajan, Richard Kleihorst
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Information processing in sensor networks (2008)

While providing a variety of intriguing application opportunities, a vision sensor network poses three key challenges. High computation capacity is required for early vision functions to enable real-time performance. Wireless links limit image transmission in the network due to both bandwidth and energy concerns. Last but not least, there is a lack of established vision-based fusion mechanisms when a network of cameras is available. In this paper a distributed vision processing implementation of human pose interpretation on a wireless smart camera network is presented. The motivation for employing distributed processing is to both achieve real-time vision and provide scalability for developing more complex vision algorithms. The distributed processing operation includes two levels. One is that each smart camera processes its local vision data, achieving spatial parallelism. The other is that different functionalities of the whole line of vision processing are assigned to early vision and object-level processors, achieving functional parallelism based on the processor capabilities. Aiming for low power consumption and high image processing performance, the wireless smart camera is based on an SIMD (single-instruction multiple-data) video analysis processor, an 8051 micro-controller as the local host, and wireless communication through the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. The vision algorithm implements 3D human pose reconstruction. From the live image data from the sensor the smart camera acquires critical joints of the subject in the scene through local processing. The results obtained by multiple smart cameras are then transmitted through the wireless channel to a central PC where the 3D pose is recovered and demonstrated in a virtual reality gaming application. The system operates in real time with a 30 frames/sec rate.
Rethinking Accountability in Cyberspace: A New Perspective on ICANN
Authors: C. N. J. De Vey Mestdagh, R. W. Rijgersberg
Venue: International Review of Law, Computers and Technology (2007)

One of the most persistent debates regarding Internet governance concerns ICANN's accountability deficit. This paper identifies the habitual application of a state frame of reference, by which scholars and politicians address accountability issues regarding the domain name system, as the source of this debate. Re-examination of the assumptions underlying two exemplary solutions for the deficit, direct elections and intergovernmental supervision, shows that the state frame of reference informing this debate ultimately breaks down. The availability of alternative services renders the call for a state-based model by which to judge and design ICANN's accountability provisions superfluous. The latter part of the paper shows that a market model is more appropriate to assess ICANN's accountability mechanisms and its role among other domain name services providers. In addition, a market frame of reference enables us to understand ICANN's hybrid organisational structure better.
Kinematic enveloping grasp planning method for robotic dexterous hands and three-dimensional objects
Authors: Shahram Salimi, Gary m. Bone
Venue: Robotica (2008)

Three-dimensional (3D) enveloping grasps for dexterous robotic hands possess several advantages over other types of grasps. This paper describes a new method for kinematic 3D enveloping grasp planning. A new idea for grading the 3D grasp search domain for a given object is proposed. The grading method analyzes the curvature pattern and effective diameter of the object, and grades object regions according to their suitability for grasping. A new approach is also proposed for modeling the fingers of the dexterous hand. The grasp planning method is demonstrated for a three-fingered, six degrees-of-freedom, dexterous hand and several 3D objects containing both convex and concave surface patches. Human-like high-quality grasps are generated in less than 20 s per object.
Assessing critical functional and non-functional requirements for web-based procurement systems: a comprehensive survey
Authors: Younes Benslimane, Luiz Marcio Cysneiros, Bouchaib Bahli
Venue: Requirements Engineering (2007)

World Wide Web (WWW)-based electronic commerce has emerged as a mean to conduct business transactions that were previously handled through traditional interorganizational systems, phone, fax, on-site visits, or mail. Today, electronic procurement (e-procurement) accounts for most of the volume and value of the business transactions conducted over the Internet. As of yet, however, little or no research has assessed the functional and non-functional requirements sought for the WWW-based systems used to support the procurement process. This paper, presents findings of a survey of 133 corporate buyers from about 130 companies on the use of readily available web-based systems for business-to-business transactions and the requirements perceived to be critical to the effective support of supply chain operations.
Mining conditional patterns in a database
Authors: Animesh Adhikari, P. R. Rao
Venue: Pattern Recognition Letters (2008)

Though frequent itemsets and association rules express interesting association among items of frequently occurring itemsets in a database, there may exist other types of interesting associations among the items. A critical analysis of frequent itemsets would provide more insight about a database. In this paper, we introduce the notion of conditional pattern in a database. Conditional patterns are interesting and useful for solving many problems. We propose an algorithm for mining conditional patterns in a database. Experiments are conducted on three real datasets. The results of the experiments show that conditional patterns store significant nuggets of knowledge about a database.
Computer simulation of price schocks
Authors: Armando Barrañón
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd WSEAS International Conference on Computer Engineering and Applications (2008)

New consumers entropy has been used to study the influence of price schocks on the irreversible change of consumer preferences. Social tissue is simulated via a spintronic model that considers production scale factor and assumes a market perfect knowledge in the agents. Typical and a typical zones are identified of the correlation between the market price system and social interaction during the market irreversible change induced by violent price changes. These scenarios are used to study recent cases of a typical market behavior due to violent price schocks.
Fault Trees, 1 edition
Authors: Nikolaos Limnios
Venue: Control Systems, Robotics & Manufacturing Series (2007)

Construction, logical analysis, probability evaluation, and dependability are covered in this introduction to fault-tree analysis. Extensions of fault trees, including noncoherent fault trees, fault trees with delay, and multiperformance fault trees, are discussed along with classic and recent fault-tree algorithms.
Constructing Chinese characters: keypad design for mobile phones
Authors: Min Lin, Andrew Sears
Venue: Behaviour & Information Technology (2007)

Increased use of mobile phones and associated services in China highlights the need for effective Chinese input methods for mobile devices. Mapping thousands of characters to a standard telephone keypad is a significant challenge. Structure-based methods provide an appealing known-character/known-code solution, but assigning multiple strokes to each key forces users to learn new, often unfamiliar, mappings. Using an established stroke input method, our study revealed important effects of keypad legend on performance. Novice user performance was evaluated with several alternative keypad designs. The results confirmed that both abstract symbols and concrete examples helped improve the usability of the keypad in Chinese text-entry tasks. Further, combining abstract symbols and concrete examples resulted in performance nearly tripling as compared to the original design. The stroke-to-key mapping accuracy also increased significantly. Handwriting analysis confirmed that the reduced errors are directly associated with the keypad-based text-entry technique.
Parameter variations and crosstalk noise effects on high performance H-tree clock distribution networks
Authors: Itisha Chanodia, Dimitrios Velenis
Venue: Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing (2008)

Controlling the delay and the transition time of the clock signal in the presence of various noise sources, process parameter variations and environmental effects represents a fundamental problem in the design of high speed synchronous circuits. The effects of parameter variations and crosstalk noise on the clock signal propagating along an H-tree clock distribution network are investigated in this paper. In particular, the effects of variations in power supply voltage (V DD), temperature, and gate oxide thickness (t ox) on the delay and the transition time of the clock signal are evaluated. Furthermore, the effects of crosstalk between an H-tree structure and other interconnect wires are investigated. Different scenarios of capacitive coupling along different spatial locations of an H-tree are considered. The effects of coupling on the propagation delay, the transition time, and the waveform shape of the clock signal are demonstrated.
Iontophoretic drug delivery system: A review
Authors: Ajay Semalty, Mona Semalty, Ranjit Singh, Shailendra K. Saraf, Shubhini Saraf
Venue: Technology and Health Care (2007)

Among the recent developments in the field of transdermal drug delivery, iontophoresis has emerged as a very promising tool for this purpose. Various studies have been performed on drug delivery through the skin using electric current. Iontophoresis has thereby been found to be effective in particular in transdermal protein and peptide drug delivery. This article reviews the principle, potential benefits, and applications of drug delivery based on iontophoresis. It focuses furthermore on current research and future trends in the field of iontophoretic drug delivery.
IFRA: instruction footprint recording and analysis for post-silicon bug localization in processors
Authors: Sung-Boem Park, Subhasish Mitra
Venue: Proceedings of the 45th annual Design Automation Conference (2008)

The objective of IFRA, Instruction Footprint Recording and Analysis, is to overcome the challenges associated with a very expensive step in post-silicon validation of processors -- bug localization in a system setup. IFRA consists of special design and analysis techniques required to bridge a major gap between system-level and circuit-level debug. Special hardware recorders, called Footprint Recording Structures (FRS's), record semantic information about data and control flows of instructions passing through various design blocks of a processor. This information is recorded concurrently during normal operation of a processor in a post-silicon system validation setup. Upon detection of a problem, the recorded information is scanned out and analyzed for bug localization. Special program analysis techniques, together with the binary of the application executed during post-silicon validation, are used for the analysis. IFRA does not require full system-level reproduction of bugs or system-level simulation. Simulation results on a complex super-scalar processor demonstrate that IFRA is effective in accurately localizing bugs with very little impact on overall chip area.
Approximation by polynomials and ridge functions of classes of s-monotone radial functions
Authors: V. N. Konovalov, D. Leviatan, V. E. Maiorov
Venue: Journal of Approximation Theory (2008)

We obtain estimates on the order of best approximation by polynomials and ridge functions in the spaces L"q of classes of s-monotone radial functions which belong to the space L"p, 1=
A novel hybrid high dimensional model representation (HHDMR) based on the combination of plain and logarithmic high dimensional model representations
Authors: Burcu Tunga, Metin Demiralp
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th WSEAS International Conference on Applied Mathematics (2007)

This paper focuses on a new version of Hybrid High Dimensional Model Representation for multivariate functions. High Dimensional Model Representation (HDMR) was proposed to approximate the multivariate functions by the functions having less number of independent variables. Towards this end, HDMR disintegrates a multivariate function to components which are respectively constant, univariate, bivariate and so on in an ascending ordering of multivariance. HDMR method is a scheme truncating the representation at a prescribed multivariance. If the given multivariate function is purely additive then HDMR method spontaneously truncates at univariance, otherwise the highly multivariant terms are required. On the other hand, if the given function is dominantly multiplicative then the Logarithmic HDMR method which truncates the scheme at a prescribed multivariance of the HDMR of the logarithm of the given function is taken into consideration. In most cases the given multivariate function has both additive and multiplicative natures. If so then a new method is needed. Hybrid High Dimensional Model Representation method is used for these types of problems. This new representation method joins both plain High Dimensional Model Representation and Logarithmic High Dimensional Model Representation components via an hybridity parameter. This work focuses on the construction and certain details of this novel method.
China's post-1978 experience in outbound tourism
Authors: Christine Lim, Ying Wang
Venue: Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (2008)

In 1978, Deng Xiao-Ping introduced economic reforms and the open-door policy in China. Since then, the Chinese government started to recognize tourism as a means to economic development and modernisation. Chinese outbound tourism has been managed and regulated by the Approved Destination Status (ADS) system, which is based on bilateral tourism agreement between China and overseas destinations. The ratio-to-moving average technique and Box-Jenkins (1970) univariate time series modelling are used to analyse Chinese tourist arrival patterns to Australia for the period 1984-2004. Tests for stationarity in the time series of tourist arrivals are also conducted.
Aeration strategy for controlling grain storage based on simulation and on real data acquisition
Authors: Daniela de Carvalho Lopes, José Helvecio Martins, Adílio Flauzino Lacerda Filho, Evandro de Castro Melo, Paulo Marcos de Barros Monteiro, Daniel Marçal de Queiroz
Venue: Computers and Electronics in Agriculture (2008)

In this work a new control strategy for grain aeration systems was proposed. This strategy was implemented in a software package called AERO and relates four conditions which depend on real time data acquisition and on the process simulation. The main advantage of AERO controller is that it can be used in different geographic regions, during different seasons and with different aeration systems, automatically adjusting its set points. The objectives of AERO controller are to equalize the temperatures inside the bin, to cool the grain mass whenever is possible and to maintain the moisture content under safe conditions. The results showed that the proposed strategy is efficient to achieve these objectives. Moreover, significant energy saving has been achieved with the AERO controller.
Internet Attack Methods and Internet Security Technology
Authors: Olalekan Adeyinka
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 Second Asia International Conference on Modelling & Simulation (AMS) (2008)

The Internet is a complex and dynamic environment in terms of both topology and emerging technology. In such an environment, security measures applied for small well-defined networks cannot work effectively. The lack of adequate knowledge and understanding of software and security engineering leads to security vulnerabilities, e.g. by inappropriate programming, getting even worse under deadline pressure and rush-to-market issues. Some solution may be effective today, but as technology changes, new risks and challenges appear. Moreover, different solutions must be combined to be effective against different types of attacks and the security of the system must be constantly monitored. This paper investigates common Internet attack methods and different Internet security technologies.
Fast adder and subtractor design for (-1+j) - base complex binary numbers
Authors: Mohammad Ali Awan, Adnan Umer Khan, Shahid A. Khan
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th WSEAS International Conference on Applied Mathematics (2005)

Representing a complex number as a single unit was a long desire for hardware engineers to reduce the number of arithmetic operations required to add, subtract and multiply two complex numbers. Efforts in this area introduced a new single unit complex number representation called (-1+j)-Base Complex Binary Number System (CBNS). Number of research papers have recently been published which explore various techniques for performing different arithmetic operations on CBNS based complex numbers. Although it is easy to represent a complex number as a single unit but there were problems regarding its arithmetic operation implementation, as the hardware size and computation speed gave little hope for its feasibility. Recently a size free adder design was proposed in [1] where hardware size was reduced for practical implementation at the cost of speed. Here we have proposed a novel technique for addition and subtraction of (-1+)j-Base complex binary numbers of any size using two bits at a time for speed and size optimization.
A comparison of higher-order local powers of a class of one-way MANOVA tests under general distributions
Authors: Yoshihide Kakizawa, Toshiya Iwashita
Venue: Journal of Multivariate Analysis (2008)

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of nonnormality upon the nonnull distributions of some MANOVA test statistics under normality. It is shown that whatever the underlying distributions, the difference of the local powers up to order N^-^1 (N is the total number of observations) after either Bartlett's type adjustment or Cornish-Fisher's type adjustment under nonnormality coincides with that in Anderson [An Introduction to Multivariate Statistical Analysis, second ed., 1984 and third ed., 2003, Wiley, New York] under normality. The performance of higher-order results in finite samples is examined using simulation studies.
Developing Proactive Information Delivery System through Bluetooth in Ubiquitous Networks
Authors: Eric J. Ballance, Hwajung Lee
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering (2008)

Ubiquitous and pervasive computing (UPC) is a popular paradigm whose purpose is to emerge computers into the real world, to serve humans where the ubiquitous network is the underneath infrastructure. In order to provide ubiquitous services (u-Service) which deliver useful information to service users without human intervention, this paper implements a proactive information delivery system using Bluetooth technology. Bluetooth is a low-powered networking service that supports several protocol profiles, most importantly file transfer. Combined together, ubiquitous computing and Bluetooth have the potential to furnish ubiquitous solutions (u-Solutions) that are efficient, employ simplified design characteristics, and collaboratively perform functions they are otherwise not capable. Thus, this paper first addresses the current Bluetooth technology. Then, it suggests and develops the proactive information delivery system utilizing Bluetooth and ubiquitous computing network concepts. The proactive information delivery system can be used in many ubiquitous applications such as ubiquitous commerce (u-Commerce) and ubiquitous education (u-Education).
Dominator-tree analysis for distributed authorization
Authors: Miranda Mowbray, Antonio Lain
Venue: Proceedings of the third ACM SIGPLAN workshop on Programming languages and analysis for security (2008)

Practical analysis tools for distributed authorization need to answer quickly and accurately the question: who can access this resource? DAP (Delegation with Acyclic Paths) is a distributed authorization framework (introduced in [17]) that tries to inter-operate better with standard PKI mechanisms while retaining some of the benefits of new trust management schemes. DAP has an acyclicity requirement which makes it more difficult to answer the question quickly. In this paper we use a technique borrowed from compiler optimization, dominator-tree problem decomposition, to overcome this limitation of DAP with a fast heuristic. We show through simulation the heuristic's performance in a realistic federated resource management scenario. We also show how this heuristic can be complemented by clone-analysis techniques that exploit similarities between principals to further improve performance. We are currently using the heuristic and clone-analysis in practice in a design/analysis security tool.
On the convergence of the proximal algorithm for nonsmooth functions involving analytic features
Authors: Hedy Attouch, J&#x00e9;r&#x00f4;me Bolte
Venue: Mathematical Programming: Series A and B (2008)

We study the convergence of the proximal algorithm applied to nonsmooth functions that satisfy the &#x0141;jasiewicz inequality around their generalized critical points. Typical examples of functions complying with these conditions are continuous semialgebraic or subanalytic functions. Following &#x0141;jasiewicz&#x2019;s original idea, we prove that any bounded sequence generated by the proximal algorithm converges to some generalized critical point. We also obtain convergence rate results which are related to the flatness of the function by means of &#x0141;jasiewicz exponents. Apart from the sharp and elliptic cases which yield finite or geometric convergence, the decay estimates that are derived are of the type O(k &#x2212;s ), where s &#x2208; (0,&#x00a0;+&#x00a0;&#x221e;) depends on the flatness of the function.
A survey of content based 3D shape retrieval methods
Authors: Johan W. Tangelder, Remco C. Veltkamp
Venue: Multimedia Tools and Applications (2008)

Recent developments in techniques for modeling, digitizing and visualizing 3D shapes has led to an explosion in the number of available 3D models on the Internet and in domain-specific databases. This has led to the development of 3D shape retrieval systems that, given a query object, retrieve similar 3D objects. For visualization, 3D shapes are often represented as a surface, in particular polygonal meshes, for example in VRML format. Often these models contain holes, intersecting polygons, are not manifold, and do not enclose a volume unambiguously. On the contrary, 3D volume models, such as solid models produced by CAD systems, or voxels models, enclose a volume properly. This paper surveys the literature on methods for content based 3D retrieval, taking into account the applicability to surface models as well as to volume models. The methods are evaluated with respect to several requirements of content based 3D shape retrieval, such as: (1) shape representation requirements, (2) properties of dissimilarity measures, (3) efficiency, (4) discrimination abilities, (5) ability to perform partial matching, (6) robustness, and (7) necessity of pose normalization. Finally, the advantages and limitations of the several approaches in content based 3D shape retrieval are discussed.