ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Considerations in the design and verification of microprocessors for safety-critical and security-critical applications: invited tutorial
Authors: David S. Hardin
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design (2008)

In this tutorial, we will examine issues in the design and verification of microprocessors for safety-critical and security-critical applications. We will consider architectural and design alternatives to support high-assurance applications, and will describe techniques to improve secure system evaluation -- measured in terms of completeness, human effort required, time, and cost -- through the use of highly automated formal methods. We will describe practical techniques for creating executable formal computing platform models that can both be proved correct, and also function as high-speed simulators. This allows us to both verify the correctness of the models, as well as validate that the formalizations accurately model what was actually designed and built. As a case study, we will examine the design and verification of the Rockwell Collins AAMP7G microprocessor. The AAMP7G, currently in use in Rockwell Collins high-assurance system products, supports strict time and space partitioning in hardware, and has received an NSA MILS (Multiple Independent Levels of Security) certificate based in part on proofs of correctness. We will discuss the AAMP7G verification effort, focusing on the proof architecture that enabled us to show that the AAMP7G separation kernel microcode implements a particular security specification, using the ACL2 theorem prover.
Performance Characterization of Itanium® 2-Based Montecito Processor
Authors: Darshan Desai, Gerolf F. Hoflehner, Arun Kejariwal, Daniel M. Lavery, Alexandru Nicolau, Alexander V. Veidenbaum, Cameron Mcnairy
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 SPEC Benchmark Workshop on Computer Performance Evaluation and Benchmarking (2009)

This paper presents the performance characteristics of the Intel&reg;Itanium&reg;2-based Montecito processor and compares its performance to the previous generation Madison processor. Measurements on both are done using the industry-standard SPEC CPU2006 benchmarks. The benchmarks were compiled using the Intel Fortran/C++ optimizing compiler and run using the reference data sets. We analyze a large set of processor parameters such as cache misses, TLB misses, branch prediction, bus transactions, resource and data stalls and instruction frequencies. Montecito achieves 1.14&times; and 1.16&times; higher (geometric mean) IPC on integer and floating-point applications. We believe that the results and analysis presented in this paper can potentially guide future IA-64 compiler and architectural research.
On Quality of Quality Measures for Classification
Authors: Krzysztof Kryszczuk, Andrzej Drygajlo
Venue: Biometrics and Identity Management: First European Workshop, BIOID 2008, Roskilde, Denmark, May 7-9, 2008. Revised Selected Papers (2008)

In this paper we provide a theoretical discussion of the impact of uncertainty in quality measurement on the expected benefits of including biometric signal quality measures in classification. While an ideal signal quality measure should be a precise quantification of the actual signal properties relevant to the classification process, a real quality measurement may be uncertain. We show how does the degree of uncertainty in quality measurement impact the gains in class separation achieved thanks to using quality measures as conditionally relevant classification feature. We demonstrate that while noisy quality measures become irrelevant classification features, they do not impair class separation beyond the baseline result. We present supporting experimental results using synthetic data.
A new method for fast computing unbiased estimators of cumulants
Authors: E. Nardo, G. Guarino, D. Senato
Venue: Statistics and Computing (2009)

We propose new algorithms for generating k-statistics, multivariate k-statistics, polykays and multivariate polykays. The resulting computational times are very fast compared with procedures existing in the literature. Such speeding up is obtained by means of a symbolic method arising from the classical umbral calculus. The classical umbral calculus is a light syntax that involves only elementary rules to managing sequences of numbers or polynomials. The cornerstone of the procedures here introduced is the connection between cumulants of a random variable and a suitable compound Poisson random variable. Such a connection holds also for multivariate random variables.
To move or not to move: a comparison between steerable versus fixed focus region paradigms in multi-resolution tabletop display systems
Authors: Chuan-Heng Hsiao, Li-Wei Chan, Ting-Ting Hu, Mon-Chu Chen, Jane Hsu, Yi-Ping Hung
Venue: Proceedings of the 27th international conference on Human factors in computing systems (2009)

Previous studies have outlined the advantages of multi-resolution large-area displays over their fixed-resolution counterparts, however the mobility of the focus region has up until the present time received little attention. To study this phenomenon further, we have developed a multi-resolution tabletop display system with a steerable high resolution focus region to compare the performance between steerable and fixed focus region systems under different working scenarios. We have classified these scenarios according to region of interest (ROI) with analogies to different eye movement types (fixed, saccadic, and pursuit ROI). Empirical data gathered during the course of a multi-faceted user study demonstrates that the steerable focus region system significantly outperforms the fixed focus region system. The former is shown to provide enhanced display manipulation and proves especially advantageous in cases where the user must maintain spatial awareness of the display content as is the case in which, within a single session, several regions of the display are to be visited.
Interactive play objects and the effects of open-ended play on social interaction and fun
Authors: Tilde Bekker, Janienke Sturm, Rik Wesselink, Bas Groenendaal, Berry Eggen
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Advances in Computer Entertainment Technology (2008)

This paper describes a study that examines the influence of openended play in interactive play objects on social interaction and fun experience of children. We developed a prototype to examine whether children enjoy playing with simple intelligent objects. Children between 7 and 11 years old were asked to play with the objects in a free-play and pre-set game session. The study shows that children create a wide variety of games and practice many social skills when negotiating the rules of various games. Overall, children felt playing with the objects in the free-play sessions was more fun than in the pre-set sessions. The insights will be used to design the next version of our play concept.
Comparison between Genetic Algorithm and Genetic Programming Performance for Photomosaic Generation
Authors: Shahrul Badariah Mat Sah, Vic Ciesielski, Daryl D'Souza, Marsha Berry
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Simulated Evolution and Learning (2008)

Photomosaics are a new form of art in which smaller digital images (known as tiles) are used to construct larger images. Photomosaic generation not only creates interest in the digital arts area but has also attracted interest in the area of evolutionary computing. The photomosaic generation process may be viewed as an arrangement optimisation problem, for a given set of tiles and suitable target to be solved using evolutionary computing. In this paper we assess two methods used to represent photomosaics, genetic algorithms (GAs) and genetic programming (GP), in terms of their flexibility and efficiency. Our results show that although both approaches sometimes use the same computational effort, GP is capable of generating finer photomosaics in fewer generations. In conclusion, we found that the GP representation is richer than the GA representation and offers additional flexibility for future photomosaics generation.
An Open Grid Services Architecture Primer
Authors: Andrew Grimshaw, Mark Morgan, Duane Merrill, Hiro Kishimoto, Andreas Savva, David Snelling, Chris Smith, Dave Berry
Venue: Computer (2009)

To expand the use of distributed computer infrastructures as well as facilitate grid interoperability, OGSA has developed standards and specifications that address a range of scenarios, including high-throughput computing, federated data management, and service mobility.
Improving Modularity of Interactive Software with the MDPC Architecture
Authors: Stéphane Conversy, Eric Barboni, David Navarre, Philippe Palanque
Venue: Engineering Interactive Systems: EIS 2007 Joint Working Conferences, EHCI 2007, DSV-IS 2007, HCSE 2007, Salamanca, Spain, March 22-24, 2007. Selected Papers (2008)

The "Model - Display view - Picking view - Controller" model is a refinement of the MVC architecture. It introduces the "Picking View" component, which offloads the need from the controller to analytically compute the picked element. We describe how using the MPDC architecture leads to benefits in terms of modularity and descriptive ability when implementing interactive components. We report on the use of the MDPC architecture in a real application: we effectively measured gains in controller code, which is simpler and more focused.
Design of joint systems: a theoretical challenge for cognitive systems engineering
Authors: Leena Norros, Leena Salo
Venue: Cognition, Technology and Work (2009)

In this paper the &#x201c;joint systems approach&#x201d; will be discussed. The approach is considered as a new paradigm in cognitive systems engineering (CSE). Its central idea, that human and technology form a functional unity, is as such not new. Why, then, has this idea become so appealing right now? In the first part of the paper we seek answers to this question by analysing the current situation in product design. The conclusion is that the focus of design is shifting from single products to intelligent environments. This change in focus induces tensions into the design process that urge for solutions. One of them is re-conceptualising the relationship between human and technology, precisely what the joint system approach is about. Three different joint system approaches are considered: the joint cognitive systems approach (JCS), the Ris&#x00f6; extended CSE approach, and the joint intelligent systems (JIS) approach proposed by us. Comparisons are made with regard to how these approaches understand the joint system to be organised. While the JCS approach focuses on the human&#x2013;technology relationship, the other two consider this relationship as embedded in a context of object-oriented activity. As a consequence, environment becomes included in the joint system. In JIS approach we propose the use of the semiotic concept of habit to characterise the ways of functioning of the joint system. &#x201c;Habit&#x201d; is a tool for identifying generic patterns in the situation-specific behaviour of the system. Defining habits enables expressing the meaning or purpose of the system&#x2019;s functioning. In the end of the paper, we propose a design process model for the development of JIS. This approach is aimed at designing systems in usage i.e. to design of practices.
Semantic user profile acquisition and sharing
Authors: Tomáš Kadlec, Ivan Jelínek
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Systems and Technologies and Workshop for PhD Students in Computing (2008)

Personalization and adaptation of web resources are very actual topics. To date, personalization and adaptation based on semantic web technologies gain still more focus. The use of the technologies resolves issues the lack of the explicit and machine processable semantics in the resources of the current Web; however, new issues are opened, such as effective retrieval of semantic user profiles. In this paper, we present an overview of available methods for user profile acquisition - sharing. We propose an approach to ontology based adaptation and also an underlying structure allowing an efficient but cost-effective way to use semantic user profiles (ontologies) in different applications. Therefore a model for semantic user profile sharing based on the algorithms of peer-to-peer networks is provided -- namely distributed hash tables. Discussion of arising issues as well as our attention to implement and experimentally evaluate proposed model concludes the paper.
Investigation on nickel/alumina-nanoparticles co-deposition
Authors: Xinlong Huang, Ying Xiong, Longhua Liu, Yangchao Tian, Gang Liu
Venue: Microsystem Technologies (2009)

Ni/Al2O3-nanoparticles composite microcomponents with thickness of 300&#x00a0;&#x03bc; are fabricated for micromechanical workpieces by using a combination of UV-lithography and micro electroforming. An effective and low cost process for electroplating the composite microcomponents using a spraying assistance is developed in this paper to disperse the alumina nanoparticles uniformly. The dispersing state is simulated presumably by using hydrokinetics finite element analysis. The simulated results show that the mass of tiny laminar flows and whirlpools caused by spraying riptides would be helpful to prevent the nanoparticles from reuniting and maintain the suspended state of nanoparticles around the cathode surface. The experimental results show that the alumina nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed in the microcomponents during the co-depositing process with the spraying assistance. The spraying-deposition process not only improves the dispersing condition of alumina nanoparticles but also promotes them to be adsorbed and deposited uniformly onto the cathode surface. The micromechanical properties of the composite components are also tested. The data shows that the mechanical properties of the components are significantly improved compared with the pure nickel components.
Web Development with TIBCO General Interface: Building AJAX Clients for Enterprise SOA
Authors: Anil Gurnani
Venue: Developer'S Library (2009)

Web Development with TIBCO General Interface Building AJAX Clients for Enterprise SOA Anil Gurnani Use TIBCO General Interface to build web applications with state-of-the-art performance and usability TIBCO General Interface provides powerful tools and a framework to craft AJAX-based web applications that rival desktop applications in performance and usability. This is the only book that offers developers thorough guidance for using TIBCOs award-winning open source tools to build interactive, high-performance GUIs and integrate them with leading server-side technologies. Experienced TIBCO General Interface developer Anil Gurnani focuses on applying General Interface in real-world production applications and presents numerous working examples that can easily be adapted for your existing sites and applications. Youll first walk through the fundamental concepts and techniques needed to build powerful General Interface clients. Next, youll dive into specific back-end technologies, mastering them through start-to-finish case study projects. Finally, drawing on his own experience building enterprise-class General Interface applications for the financial services industry, Gurnani illuminates advanced topics ranging from charting and collaboration to application optimization. Coverage includes Integrating XML and XSL with TIBCO General Interfaces XML Mapping utility Extending General Interface widgets with object-oriented JavaScript Integrating with web services, databases, portals, and messaging systems: start-to-finish case study sample applications Integrating General Interface applications into service-oriented enterprises using Enterprise Service Bus (ESB) Using OpenAJAX Hub (TIBCO PageBus) to simplify collaboration among GUI components Anil Gurnanis book greatly augments the available information for developers learning and using TIBCOs General Interface. With this book, you will quickly be building General Interface applications, faster and easier than ever before. Michael Peachey, co-founder of General Interface and Director of User Experience, TIBCO Software Anil Gurnani has written extensively on technical topics for many prestigious magazines. He is an adjunct at SCPS, New York University, where he teaches advanced courses focused on web and enterprise technologies including Core Java, JEE, and .NET. He is also an expert at managing large, global, multifunctional teams to architect and build complex distributed systems with a portfolio of front-end applications and back-end services. About the CD-ROM The accompanying CD-ROM contains all source code files for working examples. Updated code and additional resources are available on a companion website. Web Development/Ajax
Visual interfaces to the social and the semantic web (VISSW 2009)
Authors: Siegfried Handschuh, Tom Heath, VinhTuan Thai
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces (2009)

Recent developments in the Social and Semantic Web fields have resulted in large amounts of data created, published and consumed by users of the Web. The ability to easily integrate such vast amounts of data raises significant and exciting research challenges, not least of which how to provide effective access to and navigation across heterogeneous data sources. The IUI2009 workshop on Visual Interfaces to the Social and the Semantic Web aims to bring together researchers and practitioners from different fields to discuss the latest research results and challenges in designing, implementing, and evaluating intelligent interfaces supporting access, navigation and publishing of different types of contents on the Social and Semantic Web. This paper outlines the context of the workshop and provides an overview of the research to be presented at the event.
Recent Results on the Algebraic Approach to the CSP
Authors: Andrei A. Bulatov, Matthew A. Valeriote
Venue: Complexity of Constraints: An Overview of Current Research Themes (2008)

We describe an algebraic approach to the constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) and present recent results on the CSP that make use of, in an essential way, this algebraic framework.
Matched Drawability of Graph Pairs and of Graph Triples
Authors: Luca Grilli, Seok-Hee Hong, Giuseppe Liotta, Henk Meijer, Stephen K. Wismath
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Algorithms and Computation (2009)

The contribution of this paper is twofold. It presents a new approach to the matched drawability problem of pairs of planar graphs and provides three algorithms based on this approach for drawing the pairs outerplane-outerpillar, outerplane-wheel and wheel-wheel. Further, it initiates the study of the matched drawability of triples of planar graphs: It presents an algorithm to compute a matched drawing of a triple of cycles and an algorithm to compute a matched drawing of a caterpillar and two universal level planar graphs. The results extend previous work on the subject and relate to existing literature about simultaneous embeddability and universal level planarity.
Tuning of fractional PID controllers using adaptive genetic algorithm for active magnetic bearing system
Authors: Long-Yi Chang, Hung-Cheng Chen
Venue: WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on SYSTEMS (2009)

This paper proposes a novel adaptive genetic algorithm (AGA) for the multi-objective optimization design of a fractional PID controller and applies it to the control of an active magnetic bearing (AMB) system. Different from PID controllers with three constants, the fractional PID controller's parameters are composed of proportional constant, integral constant, derivative constant, derivative order and integral order. The fractional PID controller is more flexible and gives the possibility of adjusting more carefully the closed-loop system characteristics. However, its design becomes more complex than that of conventional integer order PID controller. An adaptive genetic algorithm is proposed to design the fractional PID controller. The five parameters of the fractional PID controller are selected as parameters to be determined. The dynamic model of an AMB system for axial motion is also presented. The simulation results of this AMB system show that a fractional PID controller designed via the proposed AGA has good performance.
Shifting the focus from accuracy to recallability: A study of informal note-taking on mobile information technologies
Authors: Liwei Dai, Andrew Sears, Rich Goldman
Venue: ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI) (2009)

Mobile information technologies are theoretically well-suited to digitally accomodate informal note-taking, with the notes often recorded quickly and under less than ideal circumstances. Unfortunately, user adoption of mobile support for informal note-taking has been hindered in large part by slow text entry techniques. Building on research confirming people's ability to recognize erroneous text, this study explores two simple modifications to Graffiti-based text entry with the goal of increasing text entry speed: disabling text correction and disabling visual feedback. As expected, both modifications improved text entry speed at the cost of recognizability. To address the decrease in recognizability, a multiapproach text-enhancement algorithm is introduced with the goal of modifying the erroneous note to facilitate the process of recalling the event or activity that originally motivated the note. A study with 75 participants confirmed that the proposed approach of discouraging user-initiated error correction during note-taking, enhancing the resulting erroneous notes, and facilitating recall with enhanced alternative lists, increased note-taking speed by 47&percnt; with no negative impact on the participants' ability to recall important details about the scenarios which prompted the note-taking activities. This research highlighs the importance and efficacy of shifting the focus from accuracy to recallability when examining the overall efficacy of informal notes. The proposed modifications and adaptations produce significant benefits and have important implications for how mobile technologies are designed to support both informal note-taking and text entry in general.
Combining nearest neighbor data description and structural risk minimization for one-class classification
Authors: George G. Cabral, Adriano L. I. Oliveira, Carlos B. G. Cah&#x00fa;
Venue: Neural Computing and Applications (2009)

One-class classification is an important problem with applications in several different areas such as novelty detection, anomaly detection, outlier detection and machine monitoring. In this paper, we propose two novel methods for one-class classification, referred to as NNDDSRM and kNNDDSRM. The methods are based on the principle of structural risk minimization and the nearest neighbor data description (NNDD) one-class classifier. Experiments carried out using both artificial and real-world datasets show that the proposed methods are able to significantly reduce the number of stored prototypes in comparison to NNDD. The experimental results also show that the proposed methods outperformed NNDD&#x2014;in terms of the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve&#x2014;on four of the five datasets considered in the experiments and had a similar performance on the remaining one.
Venture capital for computer companies
Authors: Robert F. Johnston, John Doede, Edgar Jannotta, Gene Amdahl, Robert F. Johnston
Venue: Proceedings of the May 6-10, 1974, national computer conference and exposition (1974)

This session will explain the factors investors take into consideration in evaluating venture capital investment. Investors are primarily interested in the management of the company, their previous performance, and their program for implementing their current business plan.