ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
A novel differential evolution algorithm for bi-criteria no-wait flow shop scheduling problems
Authors: Quan-Ke Pan, Ling Wang, Bin Qian
Venue: Computers and Operations Research (2009)

This paper presents a novel discrete differential evolution (DDE) algorithm for solving the no-wait flow shop scheduling problems with makespan and maximum tardiness criteria. First, the individuals in the DDE algorithm are represented as discrete job permutations, and new mutation and crossover operators are developed based on this representation. Second, an elaborate one-to-one selection operator is designed by taking into account the domination status of a trial individual with its counterpart target individual as well as an archive set of the non-dominated solutions found so far. Third, a simple but effective local search algorithm is developed to incorporate into the DDE algorithm to stress the balance between global exploration and local exploitation. In addition, to improve the efficiency of the scheduling algorithm, several speed-up methods are devised to evaluate a job permutation and its whole insert neighborhood as well as to decide the domination status of a solution with the archive set. Computational simulation results based on the well-known benchmarks and statistical performance comparisons are provided. It is shown that the proposed DDE algorithm is superior to a recently published hybrid differential evolution (HDE) algorithm [Qian B, Wang L, Huang DX, Wang WL, Wang X. An effective hybrid DE-based algorithm for multi-objective flow shop scheduling with limited buffers. Computers & Operations Research 2009;36(1):209-33] and the well-known multi-objective genetic local search algorithm (IMMOGLS2) [Ishibuchi H, Yoshida I, Murata T. Balance between genetic search and local search in memetic algorithms for multiobjective permutation flowshop scheduling. IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation 2003;7(2):204-23] in terms of searching quality, diversity level, robustness and efficiency. Moreover, the effectiveness of incorporating the local search into the DDE algorithm is also investigated.
Greedy Cache Management Techniques for Mobile Devices
Authors: Shahram Ghandeharizadeh, Shahin Shayandeh
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Data Engineering Workshop (2007)

Mobile devices are configured with one or more wireless cards that provide limited radio-range and unreliable transmission. These energy-constrained devices are configured with a fixed amount of storage. A device may set aside a fraction of its local storage as a cache to minimize use of the network when servicing requests, enhancing metrics such as startup latency and data availability. In this paper, we focus on a repository of continuous media (audio and video) clips and study several greedy cache management techniques and their cache hit rates. This metric reflects what percentage of requests for clips is serviced when a mobile device is disconnected from the network. The device becomes network detached due to factors such as residing in a densely populated geographical location with over committed network bandwidth or travels to geographical areas with no base station coverage. We investigate repositories of both equisized and variable-sized clips, identifying limitations of the current techniques. Our primary contribution is development of three novel techniques to address these limitations. They are adaptable and provide competitive cache hit rates. One technique, called Dynamic Simple, provides a higher cache hit rate and adapts faster to changing patterns of access to clips when compared with other techniques.
Managing workforce resource actions with multiple feedback control schemes
Authors: Young M. Lee, Lianjun An, Daniel Connors
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Winter Simulation (2008)

Demand disturbances in service businesses are typically managed by resource actions such as hiring, releasing and cross training of the workforce. The magnitudes of resource actions are often decided by estimating the discrepancy between the demand for services and the supply of workforce. However, na&iuml;ve feedback control of the resource actions by policies that equate the discrepancy to the control action can produce undesirable effects such as oscillation between hiring and releasing of workforce, and amplified oscillation through the stages of the service processes. Effective combination of multiple feedback control schemes can produce desirable policies of workforce resource actions. In this work, we study application of control theoretic principles in managing resource actions to see how various feedback control schemes can improve costs, utilization and stability of workforce.
Distribution modeling and simulation of gene expression data
Authors: Rudolph S. Parrish, Horace J. Spencer,  III, Ping Xu
Venue: Computational Statistics Data Analysis (2009)

Data derived from gene expression microarrays often are used for purposes of classification and discovery. Many methods have been proposed for accomplishing these and related aims, however the statistical properties of such methods generally are not well established. To this end, it is desirable to develop realistic mathematical and statistical models that can be used in a simulation context so that the impacts of data analysis methods and testing approaches can be established. A method is developed in which variation among arrays can be characterized simultaneously for a large number of genes resulting in a multivariate model of gene expression. The method is based on selecting mathematical transformations of the underlying expression measures such that the transformed variables follow approximately a Gaussian distribution, and then estimating associated parameters, including correlations. The result is a multivariate normal distribution that serves to model transformed gene expression values within a subject population, while accounting for covariances among genes and/or probes. This model then is used to simulate microarray expression and probe intensity data by employing a modified Cholesky matrix factorization technique which addresses the singularity problem for the ''small n, big p'' situation. An example is given using prostate cancer data and, as an illustration, it is shown how data normalization can be investigated using this approach.
Introduction: Multimodal communication in animals, humans and robots: An introduction to perspectives in brain-inspired informatics
Authors: S. Wermter, M. Page, M. Knowles, V. Gallese, F. Pulvermüller, J. Taylor
Venue: Neural Networks (2009)

Recent years have seen convergence in research on brain mechanisms and neurocomputational approaches, culminating in the creation of a new generation of robots whose artificial "brains" respect neuroscience principles and whose "cognitive" systems venture into higher cognitive domains such as planning and action sequencing, complex object and concept processing, and language. The present article gives an overview of selected projects in this general multidisciplinary field. The work reviewed centres on research funded by the EU in the context of the New and Emergent Science and Technology, NEST, funding scheme highlighting the topic "What it means to be human". Examples of such projects include learning by imitation (Edici project), examining the origin of human rule-based reasoning (Far), studying the neural origins of language (Neurocom), exploring the evolutionary origins of the human mind (Pkb140404), researching into verbal and non-verbal communication (Refcom), using and interpreting signs (Sedsu), characterising human language by structural complexity (Chlasc), and representing abstract concepts (Abstract). Each of the communication-centred research projects revealed individual insights; however, there had been little overall analysis of results and hypotheses. In the Specific Support Action Nestcom, we proposed to analyse some NEST projects focusing on the central question "What it means to communicate" and to review, understand and integrate the results of previous communication-related research, in order to develop and communicate multimodal experimental hypotheses for investigation by future projects. The present special issue includes a range of papers on the interplay between neuroinformatics, brain science and robotics in the general area of higher cognitive functions and multimodal communication. These papers extend talks given at the NESTCOM workshops, at ICANN (http://www.his.sunderland.ac.uk/nestcom/workshop/icann.html) in Porto and at the first meeting of the Federation of the European Societies of Neuropsychology in Edinburgh in 2008 (http://www.his.sunderland.ac.uk/nestcom/workshop/esn.html). We hope that the collection will give a vivid insight into current trends in the field.
The design of band-stop filter with Jerusalem-cross periodic array with four additional circular rings
Authors: H. Q. Yang, X. F. Luo
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Advanced Infocomm Technology (2008)

This paper presents two designs of band-stop frequency selective surfaces (FSS) composed of Jerusalem-cross elements with four additional circular rings. The results show that the Jerusalemcross with four addition circular rings is a very attractive configuration in the design of FSS. It can provide broad-band and flattop frequency response for filter application.
Multiscale edge detection and classification for automatic diagnosis of mammographic lesions
Authors: April Khademi, Farhang Sahba, Anastasios Venetsanopoulos
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th conference on Signal processing, computational geometry and artificial vision (2008)

In this paper, a new method for classification of mammogram lesions is presented based on the lesion's boundary profiles. A fuzzy operator for contrast enhancement is first used to increase the image's contrast, followed by a thresholding algorithm to segment the lesion from the background. Based on the binary mask of the segmented region, wavelet analysis is used for edge-detection. To ensure that features will be robust to shifts, a shift-invariant wavelet transform (SIDWT) is employed. The joint probability density function is estimated from the wavelet domain, and features which are semi-rotation invariant are extracted. The extracted features were homogeneity and entropy, which are used to describe the complexity of the lesion's boundary. After exhaustive feature selection and feature reduction by PCA, a k-nn classifier is used with the Leave-One-Out Method (LOOM) for small database scenarios. Based on this system, the sensitivity was found to be: 94%, while the specificity was found to be: 63% (which results in an average classification rate of 78.5%). The high classification rates of the malignant lesions is a highly desirable feature, as such a system should not miss any cancerous lesions. The experimental results show that this method can enhance, detect and classify lesions in mammography images for computer-aided diagnosis.
Characterization of ZnO and ZnO: Al films deposited by MOCVD on oriented and amorphous substrates
Authors: Maria Elena Fragala, Graziella Malandrino
Venue: Microelectronics Journal (2009)

Zinc oxide (ZnO) and ZnO:Al-doped films were deposited by metal organic chemical vapour deposition (MOCVD) using the Zn(tta)"2.tmeda (H-tta=2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone, tmeda=N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylendiamine) and Al(acac)"3 (H-acac=acetylacetone) precursors on different substrates. The deposited layers were characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Film structure is strongly dependent on the substrate nature and deposition conditions. AFM and XRD measurements show a good film texture and a preferential orientation along the c-axis. The Al concentration of ZnO:Al film has been confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. Optical transparency of these ZnO layers has been studied in order to evaluate their applications as a transparent conducting oxide (TCO) material.
Validation of an Algorithm for Segmentation of Full-Body Movement Sequences by Perception: A Pilot Experiment
Authors: Donald Glowinski, Antonio Camurri, Carlo Chiorri, Barbara Mazzarino, Gualtiero Volpe
Venue: Gesture-Based Human-Computer Interaction and Simulation: 7th International Gesture Workshop, GW 2007, Lisbon, Portugal, May 23-25, 2007, Revised Selected Papers (2009)

This paper presents a pilot experiment for the perceptual validation by human subjects of a motion segmentation algorithm, i.e., an algorithm for automatically segmenting a motion sequence (e.g., a dance fragment) into a collection of pause and motion phases. Perceptual validation of motion and gesture analysis algorithms is an important issue in the development of multimodal interactive systems where human full-body movement and expressive gesture are a major input channel. The discussed experiment is part of a broader research at DIST-InfoMus Lab aiming at investigating the non-verbal mechanisms of communication involving human movement and gesture as primary conveyors of expressive emotional content.
Qos Min-Min Scheduling Strategy
Authors: Benting Wan
Venue: International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks (2009)

Task arriving time of a heterogeneous distributed system is stochastic. In order to make the heterogeneous distributed system satisfy user Qos (Quality of Service) requirement and transact tasks as much as possible and keep load balance, the Qos Min-Min scheduling strategy is described, which is composed of urgent Qos Min-Min scheduling strategy and high priority Qos Min-Min scheduling strategy and periodic Qos Min-Min scheduling strategy. In this paper, tasks are classified as urgent, high priority, and common task. The properties of urgent task are when it arrives at the system, it should be executed immediately and cannot be discarded by the system. The properties of high priority task are when it arrives at the system, it should be assigned and executed by the system as soon as possible without affecting elimination of the assigned task. Tasks other than the above two are defined as common tasks. When the urgent task arrives at the system, it will be assigned immediately to the system by urgent Qos Min-Min scheduling strategy, so urgent Qos Min-Min can guarantee that urgent task can be executed by the system. When high priority task occurs, it will be assigned immediately to the system by high priority Qos Min-Min scheduling strategy, so high priority Qos Min-Mint can reduce the ratio of the task discarded. Periodic Qos Min-Min scheduling strategy inserts common tasks into an appropriate position of the exact queue in the system, so periodic Qos Min-Min can also reduce the ratio of task discarded. Compared with Min-Min schedule strategy, Qos Min-Min can reasonably reduce the ratio of task discarded and improves utilizable CPU ratio. Implementing results show that the performance of Qos Min-Min is better than Min-Min.
Transparent Dynamic Reconfiguration as a Service of a System-Level Middleware
Authors: Fernando Rincón, Jesús Barba, Francisco Moya, Juan Carlos López, Julio Dondo
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Reconfigurable Computing: Architectures, Tools and Applications (2009)

Designing reconfigurable applications is not an easy task, due to the complex methodologies and the delegation of too many low level details to the designer. The solution proposed in this paper is based in the distributed object model, where a transparent reconfigurable service is built upon a Hw/Sw communications middleware.
Multi-sensor calibration through iterative registration and fusion
Authors: Yunbao Huang, Xiaoping Qian, Shiliang Chen
Venue: Computer-Aided Design (2009)

In this paper, a new multi-sensor calibration approach, called iterative registration and fusion (IRF), is presented. The key idea of this approach is to use surfaces reconstructed from multiple point clouds to enhance the registration accuracy and robustness. It calibrates the relative position and orientation of the spatial coordinate systems among multiple sensors by iteratively registering the discrete 3D sensor data against an evolving reconstructed B-spline surface, which results from the Kalman filter-based multi-sensor data fusion. Upon each registration, the sensor data gets closer to the surface. Upon fusing the newly registered sensor data with the surface, the updated surface represents the sensor data more accurately. We prove that such an iterative registration and fusion process is guaranteed to converge. We further demonstrate in experiments that the IRF can result in more accurate and more stable calibration than many classical point cloud registration methods.
Inlier-Based Outlier Detection via Direct Density Ratio Estimation
Authors: Shohei Hido, Yuta Tsuboi, Hisashi Kashima, Masashi Sugiyama, Takafumi Kanamori
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 Eighth IEEE International Conference on Data Mining (2008)

We propose a new statistical approach to the problem of inlier-based outlier detection, i.e.,finding outliers in the test set based on the training set consisting only of inliers. Our key idea is to use the ratio of training and test data densities as an outlier score; we estimate the ratio directly in a semi-parametric fashion without going through density estimation. Thus our approach is expected to have better performance in high-dimensional problems. Furthermore, the applied algorithm for density ratio estimation is equipped with a natural cross-validation procedure, allowing us to objectively optimize the value of tuning parameters such as the regularization parameter and the kernel width. The algorithm offers a closed-form solution as well as a closed-form formula for the leave-one-out error. Thanks to this, the proposed outlier detection me thod is computationally very efficient and is scalable to massive datasets. Simulations with benchmark and real-world datasets illustrate the usefulness of the proposed approach.
Desiring to be in touch in a changing communications landscape: attitudes of older adults
Authors: Siân E. Lindley, Richard Harper, Abigail Sellen
Venue: Proceedings of the 27th international conference on Human factors in computing systems (2009)

This paper offers an exploration of the attitudes of older adults to keeping in touch with people who are important to them. We present findings from three focus groups with people from 55 to 81 years of age. Themes emerging from the findings suggest that older adults view the act of keeping in touch as being worthy of time and dedication, but also as being something that needs to be carefully managed within the context of daily life. Communication is seen as a means through which skill should be demonstrated and personality expressed, and is understood in a very different context to the lightweight interaction that is increasingly afforded by new technologies. The themes that emerged are used to elicit a number of design implications and to promote some illustrative design concepts for new communication devices.
Quality optimisation in engineering simulations software
Authors: George J. Besseris
Venue: International Journal of Computer Applications in Technology (2009)

Taguchi methods may aid in assessing the robust development of a software product. This work showcases a simulations problem incurred in the homogenisation process of industrial production of aluminium products. The response of the two relevant quality characteristics, the total execution time and the total points computed per total execution time is evaluated according to Taguchi's signal-to-noise ratio. The time-step and the mesh size of the three discretised spatial coordinates play the role of the examined group of performance controlling factors. The analysis is modelled according to a two-level, four-factor L16(215) orthogonal array design retaining all second and third order interactions.
Computational predictions on the receptive fields and organization of v2 for shape processing
Authors: Yiu Fai Sit, Risto Miikkulainen
Venue: Neural Computation (2009)

It has been more than 40 years since the first studies of the secondary visual cortex (V2) were published. However, no concrete hypothesis on how the receptive field of V2 neurons supports general shape processing has been proposed to date. Using a computational model that follows the principle of self-organization, we advance two hypotheses in this letter: (1) typical V2 orientation-selective receptive field contains a primary orientation and a secondary orientation component, forming a corner, a junction, or a cross; and (2) V2 columns with the same primary orientation form contiguous domains, divided into subdomains that prefer different secondary orientations. The first hypothesis is consistent with existing experimental evidence, and both hypotheses can be tested with current techniques in animals. In this manner, computational modeling can be used to provide verifiable predictions that eventually allow us to understand the role of V2 in visual processing.
Quality assessment of dimensionality reduction: Rank-based criteria
Authors: John A. Lee, Michel Verleysen
Venue: Neurocomputing (2009)

Dimensionality reduction aims at providing low-dimensional representations of high-dimensional data sets. Many new nonlinear methods have been proposed for the last years, yet the question of their assessment and comparison remains open. This paper first reviews some of the existing quality measures that are based on distance ranking and K-ary neighborhoods. Next, the definition of the co-ranking matrix provides a tool for comparing the ranks in the initial data set and some low-dimensional embedding. Rank errors and concepts such as neighborhood intrusions and extrusions can then be associated with different blocks of the co-ranking matrix. Several quality criteria can be cast within this unifying framework; they are shown to involve one or several of these characteristic blocks. Following this line, simple criteria are proposed, which quantify two aspects of the embedding quality, namely its overall quality and its tendency to favor intrusions or extrusions. They are applied to several recent dimensionality reduction methods in two experiments, with both artificial and real data.
Mathematical software: patterns for the future
Authors: John R. Rice, Charles Lawson, William J. Cody, William Gear, Hans J. Oser, Barry Boehm
Venue: Proceedings of the May 6-10, 1974, national computer conference and exposition (1974)

The panelists present patterns that they believe to be important in the future of mathematical software. These patterns include the increasing demand for high quality, for a philosophy of development and testing, for standardized libraries with portability and the impact of computer networks, parallelism and lower hardware costs. Economic considerations will become more important as will the creation of software as the principal objective of research.
Basic Bifurcation of Artificial Spiking Neurons with Triangular Base Signal
Authors: Toshimitsu Ohtani, Toshimichi Saito
Venue: IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences (2008)

This paper studies a spiking neuron circuit with triangular base signal. The circuit can output rich spike-trains and the dynamics can be analyzed using a one-dimensional piecewise linear map. This system exhibits period doubling bifurcation, tangent bifurcation, super-stable periodic orbit bifurcation and so on. These phenomena can be characterized based on the inter-spike intervals. Using the maps, we can analyze the phenomena precisely. By presenting a simple test circuit, typical phenomena are confirmed experimentally.