ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Channel selection and feature projection for cognitive load estimation using ambulatory EEG
Authors: Tian Lan, Deniz Erdogmus, Andre Adami, Santosh Mathan, Misha Pavel
Venue: Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience (2007)

We present an ambulatory cognitive state classification system to assess the subject's mental load based on EEG measurements. The ambulatory cognitive state estimator is utilized in the context of a real-time augmented cognition (AugCog) system that aims to enhance the cognitive performance of a human user through computer-mediated assistance based on assessments of cognitive states using physiological signals including, but not limited to, EEG. This paper focuses particularly on the offline channel selection and feature projection phases of the design and aims to present mutual-information-based techniques that use a simple sample estimator for this quantity. Analyses conducted on data collected from 3 subjects performing 2 tasks (n-back/Larson) at 2 difficulty levels (low/high) demonstrate that the proposed mutual-information-based dimensionality reduction scheme can achieve up to 94% cognitive load estimation accuracy.
Interpreting IS alignment: A multiple case study in professional organizations
Authors: Leiser Silva, Eugenio Figueroa B., Jennifer González-Reinhart
Venue: Information and Organization (2007)

This paper centers on the interpretation attributed by organizational members to the information systems (IS) alignment concept. Its objective is to study IS alignment in professional organizations. Specifically, it reports on an interpretive study conducted in five Chilean organizations; four professional and one entrepreneurial, of which two are private and three are public. The theoretical background of our study is derived from three IS strategic alignment conceptualizations: managerial, emergent and critical. These concepts formed our theoretical framework that guided data collection and analysis. The study centers on the meanings organizational members assigned to IS strategic alignment, as well as their views on the barriers that hinder achieving this level of organizational integration. The analysis results are summarized in seven hermeneutic themes that point out the different connotations the organizations assigned to IS alignment. The significance of the findings are summarized in four insights that formulate theoretical and practical implications. These insights refer to: (1) the difficulties of achieving alignment for professional organizations, particularly public ones, (2) the limitations these organizations have in being agile, (3) the rationale for acquiring technology and determining IT skills, and (4) the imperative meaning that CIOs attribute to IS alignment. The paper concludes with a reflection on the limitations and relevance of the research.
Visual Languages and Logic
Authors: Philip Cox, Andrew Fish, John Howse
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (2007)

Diagrams of one sort or another have always been used as aids to abstract reasoning. Although many are informal mnemonics, reminding their authors about structures and relationships they have observed or deduced, considerable research effort has been expended on formalising graphical notations so that they may play a more central role in the application of logic to problems.
Query-io
Authors: Patrick Dussud
Venue: ACM SIGPLAN Lisp Pointers (1989)

This article introduces closures, a powerful feature of Common Lisp that allows you to write succinct code.
An Uncalibrated View-Synthesis Pipeline
Authors: A. Fusiello, L. Irsara
Venue: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing (2007)

This paper deals with the process of view synthesis based on the relative affine structure. It describes a complete pipeline that, starting with uncalibrated images, produces a virtual sequence with viewpoint control. Experiments illustrate the approach.
Keyword Search on Relational Databases
Authors: Wei Wang, Xuemin Lin, Yi Luo
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 IFIP International Conference on Network and Parallel Computing Workshops (2007)

Recent years have seen increasing interest in the search technology. For example, search engines like Google have become the dominant avenue of obtaining information from the Internet. One of the factors that led to the success of search engines is that they adopt the keyword-based search paradigm: users submit keywords to search engines and a ranked list of relevant documents is returned. This enables even unsophisticated users to obtain information without detailed knowledge of the database schema or query languages.
Interfacing Ada to operating systems
Authors: Stephen Michell
Venue: ACM SIGAda Ada Letters (2007)

This paper examines approaches used by the Ada programming language to interface to explicit operating system services such as events and sockets. We examine the potential for updating a specific interface, the POSIX Ada binding, to a more gereral interface to operating systems services. An approach is proposed to unify classes of services such as synchronous and asynchronous file IO in such an interface.
Process Investigations for the Global Studio Project Version 3.0
Authors: Alberto Avritzer, William Hasling, Daniel Paulish
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Global Software Engineering (2007)

In this paper we present an overview of current plans for the Global Studio Project version 3.0. Version 3.0 applies a new experimental process with a higher degree of collaboration and that relies less on the central team, as compared to the Extended Workbench Model. We expect that the use of an architecture for component integration and the identification of domain experts for each component will significantly reduce the amount of upfront architecture and requirements work usually required from the central team in the Extended Workbench Model.
Accreditation: A New Embedded-Computer Standardization Approach
Authors: H. B. Teates
Venue: Computer (1980)

Culminating in a set of criteria for an accreditation strategy, this article carefully examines the issues surrounding accreditation as a standardized acquisition method.
Limitations on Carry Lookahead Networks
Authors: T. Rhyne
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (1984)

The fan-in and fan-out limitations imposed by specific gate circuits force corresponding limits-upon the sizes of carry lookahead circuits fabricated from those gates. The relationships between those limits are derived, providing simple formulae that can be used by designers seeking to fabricate fast combinational binary adders.
Neuro-fuzzy approaches to decision making&colon; A comparative study with an application to check authorization
Authors: G. J. Vachtsevanos, S. S. Kim, J. R. Echauz, V. K. Ramani
Venue: Journal of Intelligent Fuzzy Systems: Applications in Engineering and Technology (1998)

This paper describes and compares several nonlinear decision-making systems, including multilayer perceptrons, wavelet neural networks, polynomial neural networks, and fuzzy decision models. The applicability of these systems is illustrated through the problem of check authorization from incomplete data. A benchmark is established in terms of classical linear discriminant analysis and Bayes quadratic classification, in order to assess the need for the neuro-fuzzy strategies. An overall improvement of around 10 percentage points in classification accuracy on an independent test set is demonstrated for each of the neuro-fuzzy models over conventional statistical techniques. In addition to classification accuracy, five performance measures are reported: accuracy in dollar terms, robustness, parametric efficiency, training computational expense, and classification balance. Even though each system performs differently on these measures, any neuro-fuzzy model is recommended over traditional techniques in problems such as check authorization, where the improvement in reliability warrants the added cost of implementation.
The dismal economics of virtual worlds
Authors: Eli M. Noam
Venue: ACM SIGMIS Database (2007)

This article analyzes the economics of virtual worlds in order to assess their viability. It identifies eight basic business models. Most of those will not be profitable in a competitive and open general virtual world. However, the owner/operator of the virtual world can capitalize on the value of the community, and benefit from managing and reducing competition. The fundamental economics of digital activities suggest that this sector--and Web 2.0 activities more generally--will be subject to boom-bust cycles.
Improved State Assignment Selection Tests
Authors: G. K. Maki
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (1972)

Critical race-free internal-state assignments can be found by several methods. Often these methods produce several assignments for the same flow table. New and improved tests are presented that can be used to select that assignment which is most likely to produce a set of simple design equations. These tests are applicable to the next-state equations as well as the output equations. The tests are applicable to circuits that are to be realized with NAND gates or set-reset (SR) flip-flops. Another advantage of these tests is that they allow comparison between state assignments with differing numbers of internal-state variables.
A Kind of Resolution Method of Linguistic Truth-Valued Propositional Logic Based on LIA
Authors: Li Zou, Jinglong Li, Kaijun Xu, Yang Xu
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery - Volume 01 (2007)

In the present paper,firstly, based on lattice implication algebra, a kind of linguistic truth-valued propositional logic is constructed with some logic properties regarding reason- ing being provided which can express both the comparable and incomparable truth values. Secondly, the satisfiabil- ity problem is discussed. J -true, J -false of a formula, J - similar literals and J -complementary literals are proposed based on a filter J of L. Finally, Based on the degree of complementary and degree of similar J -resolution method in the filter of the linguistic truth-valued propositional logic is introduced. 1
Logarithm Function Generated by Parallel Resistors
Authors: D. Steinmeyer
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (1969)

Placing a fixed resistor in parallel with an adjustable resistor will cause the resistance of the combination to vary as the logarithm of the setting of the adjustable resistor over a limited range. Calculated compromises between accuracy and range cover ±0.1 percent over a 2.5:1 range to ±10 percent over a 175:1 range. A table of intermediate values is given. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Software Environment Research: Directions for the Next Five Years
Authors: L. Osterweil
Venue: Computer (1981)

A two-stage strategy, aimed first at understanding the role and characteristics of software environments and then at construction of experimental systems, distinguishes this near-term research plan.
Improved Particle Swarm Optimization for Realistic Portfolio Selection
Authors: Fasheng Xu, Wei Chen, Ling Yang
Venue: Proceedings of the Eighth ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking, and Parallel/Distributed Computing - Volume 01 (2007)

In this paper, the realistic portfolio selection problem is studied and an algorithm named improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO) is presented to solve this problem. At first, a realistic portfolio selection model, as an alternative to the standard Markowitz model, is formulated for selecting portfolios with transaction costs and quantity constraint. In addition, due to these complex constraints traditional optimization algorithms fail to work efficiently and heuristic algorithms can be the best method, so we present an improved particle swarm optimization to solve our problem. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate our proposed effective model and method. Experiment results show that our proposed method is an efficient method for solving realistic portfolio selection problem and more superior than standard PSO method.
Maximum Entropy Density Estimation with Generalized Regularization and an Application to Species Distribution Modeling
Authors: Miroslav Dudík, Steven J. Phillips, Robert E. Schapire
Venue: The Journal of Machine Learning Research (2007)

We present a unified and complete account of maximum entropy density estimation subject to constraints represented by convex potential functions or, alternatively, by convex regularization. We provide fully general performance guarantees and an algorithm with a complete convergence proof. As special cases, we easily derive performance guarantees for many known regularization types, including l1, l2, l22, and l2 + l22 style regularization. We propose an algorithm solving a large and general subclass of generalized maximum entropy problems, including all discussed in the paper, and prove its convergence. Our approach generalizes and unifies techniques based on information geometry and Bregman divergences as well as those based more directly on compactness. Our work is motivated by a novel application of maximum entropy to species distribution modeling, an important problem in conservation biology and ecology. In a set of experiments on real-world data, we demonstrate the utility of maximum entropy in this setting. We explore effects of different feature types, sample sizes, and regularization levels on the performance of maxent, and discuss interpretability of the resulting models.
Performance scalability of a multi-core web server
Authors: Bryan Veal, Annie Foong
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd ACM/IEEE Symposium on Architecture for networking and communications systems (2007)

Today's large multi-core Internet servers support thousands of concurrent connections or ows. The computation ability of future server platforms will depend on increasing numbers of cores. The key to ensure that performance scales with cores is to ensure that systems software and hardware are designed to fully exploit the parallelism that is inherent in independent network ows. This paper identifies the major bottlenecks to scalability for a reference server workload on a commercial server platform. However, performance scaling on commercial web servers has proven elusive. We determined that on web server running a modified SPEC-web2005 Support workload, throughput scales only 4.8 x on eight cores. Our results show that the operating system, TCP/IP stack, and application exploited ow-level parallelism well with few exceptions, and that load imbalance and shared cache affected performance little. Having eliminated these potential bottlenecks, we determined that performance scaling was limited by the capacity of the address bus, which became saturated on all eight cores. If this key obstacle is addressed, commercial web server and systems software are well-positioned to scale to a large number of cores.
Angle of Models Distance as Test Algorithm in Speaker Verification
Authors: Wu Guo, Pan Lei, Ren-Hua Wang, Li-Rong Dai
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery - Volume 04 (2007)

In this paper we introduce the angle of models Mahalanobis distance as the test algorithm in the text- independent speaker verification system. In test process, the test speech is adapted to a new model instead of calculating the log-likelihood ratio scores, then the Mahalanobis distances among the UBM model, the speaker model and the test speech model are calculated. These three models distances form a triangle. The angle of the triangle can be treated as the test scores. When we employ the proposed algorithm in GMM_UBM system, the recognition rate can be almost identical with the traditional log-likelihood ratio scores, while the computation load can be dramatically cut down. That is very helpful to the real-time application of the speaker recognition or verification. Further more, when we fuse angle scores with the log-likelihood ratio scores, the EER of the speaker verification can be reduced by 12~15% in 2002 NIST evaluation corpus.
CargoNet: a low-cost micropower sensor node exploiting quasi-passive wakeup for adaptive asychronous monitoring of exceptional events
Authors: Mateusz Malinowski, Matthew Moskwa, Mark Feldmeier, Mathew Laibowitz, Joseph A. Paradiso
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems (2007)

This paper describes CargoNet, a system of low-cost, micropower active sensor tags that seeks to bridge the current gap between wireless sensor networks and radio-frequency identification (RFID). CargoNet was aimed at applications in environmental monitoring at the crate and case level for supply-chain management and asset security. Custom-designed circuits and sensors were utilized to minimize power consumption and cost in a practical prototype. The CargoNet nodes are capable of asynchronous multimodal wakeup on exceptional events at extremely low power (Quasi-Passive Wakeup) with adjustable thresholds that adapt to dynamic environments. Accordingly, CargoNet has been seen to monitor, log, and report conditions inside a typical shipping crate while consuming under 25 microwatts of average power. To demonstrate the feasibility of the prototype system, several tests and deployments were conducted in the laboratory and aboard various transport conveyances.
Organization Technology in Mobile Peer-to-peer Network Based on Mobile Unit
Authors: Ye Liang, Lin-lin Ci
Venue: Proceedings of the Eighth ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking, and Parallel/Distributed Computing - Volume 02 (2007)

Mobile end devices become more and more powerful, enabling them to execute more sophisticated tasks. Hence it is desirable to leverage these potential resources, by being able to execute tasks on external devices. At the same time, peer-to-peer (P2P) gains more and more attention, and will level the difference between clients and servers. As P2P technology proved to be an effective means for mobile computing, it seems logical to combine the benefits of both worlds. This paper discusses how to organize a Mobile P2P (MP2P) infrastructure, and the experimental results show that the services running on MP2P network have better efficiency than on traditional client/server model network.
A practical analysis of communication characteristics for mobile and distributed pollution measurements on the road: Research Articles
Authors: Sven Lahde, Michael Doering, Wolf-Bastian Pöttner, Gerrit Lammert, Lars Wolf
Venue: Wireless Communications Mobile Computing (2007)

Measuring environmental data in city areas has become an important issue for municipalities due to several climate directives. As fixed measuring stations are inflexible, cost-intensive, and limited to monitoring a specific spot, we developed a distributed environmental monitoring network called Environmental Monitoring in Metropolitan Areas (EMMA). This architecture is based on the delay tolerant networking approach and can be integrated into existing Public Transportation Networks (PTNs). Buses or other vehicles can be equipped with sensor nodes that gather data and forward messages. In order to evaluate the basic ideas of this project we performed a series of real-world experiments. Besides analyzing the behavior of 802.11-based Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) between moving vehicles in a controlled environment, we also evaluated the communication performance in urban environments. Moreover, we examined the qualification of a Disruption Tolerant Networking (DTN) implementation for spreading measurement results throughout the network. The suitability of EMMA's architecture has been successfully demonstrated by these experiments. Copyright &copy; 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Discrete Estimation of Distribution Particle Swarm Optimization for Combinatorial Optimization Problems
Authors: Yalan Zhou, Jiahai Wang, Jian Yin
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Natural Computation - Volume 04 (2007)

The philosophy behind the original particle swarm optimization (PSO) is to learn from individual's own experience and the best individual experience in the whole swarm. Estimation of distribution algorithms (EDAs) generate new solutions from a probability model which characterizes the distribution of promising solutions in the search space at each generation. In this paper, a discrete estimation of distribution particle swarm optimization algorithm (DEDPSO) is proposed for combinatorial optimization problems. The proposed algorithm combines the statistical information collected from the local best solutions information of all individuals and the global best solution information found so far in the whole swarm. The results show that the proposed algorithm has superior performance to other discrete PSOs.
Net-X: a multichannel multi-interface wireless mesh implementation
Authors: Chandrakanth Chereddi, Pradeep Kyasanur, Nitin H. Vaidya
Venue: ACM SIGMOBILE Mobile Computing and Communications Review (2007)

The use of multiple wireless channels has been advocated as one approach for enhancing network capacity. In many scenarios, hosts will be equipped with fewer radio interfaces than available channels. Under these scenarios, several protocols, which require interfaces to switch frequently, have been proposed. However, implementing protocols which require frequent interface switching in existing operating systems is non-trivial. In this paper, we identify the features needed in the operating system kernel for supporting frequent interface switching. We present a new channel abstraction module to support frequent interface switching. We identify modifications to interface device drivers to reduce switching delay. The channel abstraction module and an example multichannel protocol that uses the module have been implemented in a multichannel multi-interface testbed. Our implementation efforts are part of the Net-X project which is aimed at developing operating system support for exploiting various forms of diversity available in a wireless network in the form of multiple channels, interfaces, transmission rates, transmission power-levels, etc.
Personal Robots as Ubiquitous-Multimedial-Mobile Web Interfaces
Authors: Javier Ruiz-del-Solar
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 Latin American Web Conference (2007)

Personal robots are designed to provide entertainment, companion and communication interfaces. They can play an important role as natural, flexible and non-invasive interfaces to access the Web. The use of personal robots as Web interfaces is in concordance with the tendency of integrating Web technologies in the normal human activities. In general terms, we propose that personal robots can implement the everyday computing paradigm, which basically scales ubiquitous computing with respect to time. In this context, the main objective of this paper is to propose the use of personal robots as ubiquitous, multimedial, mobile, self-personalized, natural and empathic Web and Internet interfaces. We introduce Bender, a personal robot whose design incorporates these ideas.
Component Contracts in Service-Oriented Architectures
Authors: Francisco Curbera
Venue: Computer (2007)

For SOAs to reach their full potential, the basic interoperable framework must accommodate meaningful quality-of-service contracts. Work on both industry-specific standards and semantic Web services is still needed to fully meet that goal.