ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Towards Goal-Oriented Design of Agent Systems
Authors: Jason Khallouf, Michael Winikoff
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Quality Software (2005)

The initial step of any software engineering methodology is to form requirements. Recently, a goal-oriented approach to requirements has been proposed and argued to be beneficial. Goals also play a key role in the implementation of proactive software agents. However, although some agentoriented software engineering methodologies have incorporated (aspects of) goal-oriented requirements engineering, and although they target agent platforms that provide goals as an implementation construct, none of the methodologies provide a goal-oriented design process. We present modifi- cations to the Prometheus methodology which make it more goal-oriented in its design phases and report on an experimental evaluation comparing the effectiveness of the original and refined methodologies.
Control Speculation for Energy-Efficient Next-Generation Superscalar Processors
Authors: Juan L. Aragon, Jose Gonzalez, Antonio Gonzalez
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (2006)

Conventional front-end designs attempt to maximize the number of "in-flight” instructions in the pipeline. However, branch mispredictions cause the processor to fetch useless instructions that are eventually squashed, increasing front-end energy and issue queue utilization and, thus, wasting around 30 percent of the power dissipated by a processor. Furthermore, processor design trends lead to increasing clock frequencies by lengthening the pipeline, which puts more pressure on the branch prediction engine since branches take longer to be resolved. As next-generation high-performance processors become deeply pipelined, the amount of wasted energy due to misspeculated instructions will go up. The aim of this work is to reduce the energy consumption of misspeculated instructions. We propose Selective Throttling, which triggers different power-aware techniques (fetch throttling, decode throttling, or disabling the selection logic) depending on the branch prediction confidence level. Results show that combining fetch-bandwidth reduction along with select-logic disabling provides the best performance in terms of overall energy reduction and energy-delay product improvement (14 percent and 10 percent, respectively, for a processor with a 22-stage pipeline and 16 percent and 13 percent, respectively, for a processor with a 42-stage pipeline).
Guest Editors' Introduction: Moving Mixed Reality into the Real World
Authors: Blair MacIntyre, Mark A. Livingston
Venue: IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications (2005)

The guest editors introduce this special issue on Moving Mixed Reality into the Real World. The four theme articles represent a balanced view of the challenges in dealing with the problems of creating mixed reality systems in the real world.
A theoretical analysis of Model-Based Interval Estimation
Authors: Alexander L. Strehl, Michael L. Littman
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd international conference on Machine learning (2005)

Several algorithms for learning near-optimal policies in Markov Decision Processes have been analyzed and proven efficient. Empirical results have suggested that Model-based Interval Estimation (MBIE) learns efficiently in practice, effectively balancing exploration and exploitation. This paper presents the first theoretical analysis of MBIE, proving its efficiency even under worst-case conditions. The paper also introduces a new performance metric, average loss, and relates it to its less "online" cousins from the literature.
Steerable Projector Calibration
Authors: Mark Ashdown, Yoichi Sato
Venue: Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05) - Workshops - Volume 03 (2005)

A steerable projector is a digital projector whose beam can be moved under computer control to illuminate different objects in its environment. Various projects have explored the possibilities of steerable projectors but they have not addressed the calibration of a generalized optical and mechanical system. We present a method for calibrating a device comprised of a projector and a pan-tilt mirror. It starts by obtaining the internal parameters of a camera and the projector, then the pan-tilt mirror is placed in a series of positions and for each one the reflected projector position is calculated from a pattern projected onto a planar surface. From those readings a coarse version of the steerable projector parameters is obtained, which is then iteratively refined. We describe real results from our physical setup and a range of results from simulated data to characterize the performance of our algorithm.
Virtual Microscopy with Extended Depth of Field
Authors: Andrew P. Bradley, Michael Wildermoth, Paul Mills
Venue: Proceedings of the Digital Image Computing on Techniques and Applications (2005)

In this paper, we describe a virtual microscope system, based on JPEG 2000, which utilizes extended depth of field (EDF) imaging. Through a series of observer trials we show that EDF imaging improves both the local image quality of individual fields of view (FOV) and the accuracy with which the FOVs can be mosaiced (stitched) together. In addition, we estimate the required bit rate to adequately render a set of histology and cytology specimens at a quality suitable for on-line learning and collaboration. We show that, using JPEG 2000, we can efficiently represent high-quality, high-resolution colour images of microscopic specimens with less than 1 bit per pixel.
Provable anonymity
Authors: Flavio D. Garcia, Ichiro Hasuo, Wolter Pieters, Peter van Rossum
Venue: Proceedings of the 2005 ACM workshop on Formal methods in security engineering (2005)

This paper provides a formal framework for the analysis of information hiding properties of anonymous communication protocols in terms of epistemic logic.The key ingredient is our notion of observational equivalence, which is based on the cryptographic structure of messages and relations between otherwise random looking messages. Two runs are considered observationally equivalent if a spy cannot discover any meaningful distinction between them.We illustrate our approach by proving sender anonymity and unlinkability for two anonymizing protocols, Onion Routing and Crowds. Moreover, we consider a version of Onion Routing in which we inject a subtle error and show how our framework is capable of capturing this flaw.
Future Technological Challenges for High Performance Computers
Authors: Tadashi Watanabe
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing Applications and Technologies (2005)

A high performance computer (HPC), sometimes called a supercomputer, is a highspeed, large-scale computer system designed for scientific and technical computations in application areas such as meteorology, molecular and bio-science, energy development, space science and so forth. These applications are called "Grand Challenge Problems" in which the major target is to run application programs within limited time periods. In this talk, architectural and system's key points as well as basic hardware technologies to realize high performance computer systems for grand challenge problems will be presented.
Quantitative analysis of mathematical documents
Authors: S. Uchida, A. Nomura, M. Suzuki
Venue: International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition (2005)

Mathematical documents are analyzed from several viewpoints for the development of practical OCR for mathematical and other scientific documents. Specifically, four viewpoints are quantified using a large-scale database of mathematical documents, containing 690,000 manually ground-truthed characters: (i) the number of character categories, (ii) abnormal characters (e.g., touching characters), (iii) character size variation, and (iv) the complexity of the mathematical expressions. The result of these analyses clarifies the difficulties of recognizing mathematical documents and then suggests several promising directions to overcome them.
Guest Editors' Introduction: Rapid Prototyping for Ubiquitous Computing
Authors: Nigel Davies, James Landay, Scott Hudson, Albrecht Schmidt
Venue: IEEE Pervasive Computing (2005)

This issue's articles represent some of the best recent advances in applying rapid prototyping to ubiquitous systems development.
Crystallization sonification of high-dimensional datasets
Authors: Thomas Hermann, Helge Ritter
Venue: ACM Transactions on Applied Perception (TAP) (2005)

This paper introduces Crystallization Sonification, a sonification model for exploratory analysis of high-dimensional datasets. The model is designed to provide information about the intrinsic data dimensionality (which is a local feature) and the global data dimensionality, as well as the transitions between a local and global view on a dataset. Furthermore the sound allows to display the clustering in high-dimensional datasets. The model defines a crystal growth process in the high-dimensional data-space which starts at a user selected &ldquo;condensation nucleus&rdquo; and incrementally includes neighboring data according to some growth criterion. The sound summarizes the temporal evolution of this crystal growth process. For introducing the model, a simple growth law is used. Other growth laws which are used in the context of hierarchical clustering are also suited and their application in crystallization sonification offers new ways to inspect the results of data clustering as an alternative to dendrogram plots. In this paper, the sonification model is described and example sonifications are presented for some synthetic high-dimensional datasets.
Abstract Slicing: A New Approach to Program Slicing Based on Abstract Interpretation and Model Checking
Authors: Hyoung Seok Hong, Insup Lee, Oleg Sokolsky
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth IEEE International Workshop on Source Code Analysis and Manipulation (2005)

This paper proposes a new approach to program slicing based on abstract interpretation and model checking. First, the notion of abstract slicing is introduced. Abstract slicing extends static slicing with predicates and constraints by using as the program model an abstract state graph, which is obtained by applying predicate abstraction to a program, rather than a flow graph. This leads to a program slice that is more precise and smaller than its static counterpart. Second, a method for performing abstract slicing is developed. It is shown that abstract slicing can be reduced to a least fixpoint computation over formulas in the branching time temporal logic CTL. This enables one to use symbolic model checkers for CTL as an efficient computation engine for abstract slicing. A prototype implementation and experimental results are reported demonstrating the feasibility of the approach.
GEMS: Gossip-Enabled Monitoring Service for Scalable Heterogeneous Distributed Systems
Authors: Rajagopal Subramaniyan, Pirabhu Raman, Alan D. George, Matthew Radlinski
Venue: Cluster Computing (2006)

Gossip protocols have proven to be effective means by which failures can be detected in large, distributed systems in an asynchronous manner without the limitations associated with reliable multicasting for group communications. In this paper, we discuss the development and features of a Gossip-Enabled Monitoring Service (GEMS), a highly responsive and scalable resource monitoring service, to monitor health and performance information in heterogeneous distributed systems. GEMS has many novel and essential features such as detection of network partitions and dynamic insertion of new nodes into the service. Easily extensible, GEMS also incorporates facilities for distributing arbitrary system and application-specific data. We present experiments and analytical projections demonstrating scalability, fast response times and low resource utilization requirements, making GEMS a potent solution for resource monitoring in distributed computing.
Visualizing geospatial data
Authors: Theresa Marie Rhyne, Alan MacEachren, Theresa-Marie Rhyne
Venue: ACM SIGGRAPH 2004 Course Notes (2004)

This course reviews concepts and highlights new directions in GeoVisualization. We review four levels of integrating geospatial data and geographic information systems (GIS) with scientific and information visualization (VIS) methods. These include:&bull; Rudimentary: minimal data sharing between the GIS and Vis systems&bull; Operational: consistency of geospatial data&bull; Functional: transparent communication between the GIS and Vis systems&bull; Merged: one comprehensive toolkit environmentWe review how to apply both information and scientific visualization fundamentals to the visual display of geospatial and geoinformatics data. Distributed GeoVisualization systems that allow for collaborative synchronous and asynchronous visual exploration and analysis of geospatial data via the Web, Internet, and large-screen group-enabled displays are discussed. This includes the application of intelligent agent and spatial data mining technologies. Case study examples are shown in real time during the course.
A Layered-Rings Overlay Network for On-demand Media Streaming Service and Its Performance Analysis
Authors: Dafu Deng, Hai Jin
Venue: Proceedings of the Joint International Conference on Autonomic and Autonomous Systems and International Conference on Networking and Services (2005)

Peer-to-Peer media streaming service has gained tremendous momentum in recent years. However, a number of challenges intrinsic in Peer-to-Peer media streaming have not been addressed. In this paper, we propose a peer-to-peer substrate for supplying ondemand media streaming service, called LRONet, which mainly addresses the key technical issueconstructing a locality-aware P2P overlay network with high scalability and manageability. Based on modeling the underlying physical network as a random graph with power-law distributions, we theoretically analyze the performance of LRONet. Numerical results show that LRONet can fully utilize the locality of underlying physical network so that the bandwidth consumption can be effectively saved.
Evolving an ecology of two-tiered organizations
Authors: Travis L. Kriplean
Venue: Proceedings of the 2005 workshops on Genetic and evolutionary computation (2005)

Evolutionary models typically rely on a single level of evolution for training a team of cooperating agents. I present a model that evolves at two levels&mdash;an "organizational" level and the more traditional "individual" level. Each organization contains an embedded agent population that goes through a full evolutionary process every organizational time-step. The organization's genetic code is essentially a policy that specifies the training process for its embedded agents. It also defines the creation of a representative team that is compiled after each organizational time-step. An organization's fitness is based on the performance of this representative team.
Reminiscences on influential papers
Authors: Kenneth A. Ross
Venue: ACM SIGMOD Record (2005)

Unfortunately, this will be my last influential papers column. I've been editor for about five years now (how time flies!) and have enjoyed it immensely. I've always found it rewarding to step back and look at why we do the research we do, and this column makes a big contribution to the process of self-examination. Further, I feel that there's a strong need for ways to publicly and explicitly highlight "quality" in papers. Criticism is easy, and is the more common experience given the amount of reviewing (and being reviewed) we typically engage in. I look forward to seeing this column in future issues.
Navigating and interacting indoors with a mobile learning game
Authors: Gerhard Schwabe, Christoph Goth
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE International Workshop on Wireless and Mobile Technologies in Education (2005)

The paper reports on the experiences of designing the interface of a mobile learning game. Three system versions were presented to discuss design issues and the results of three trials (the largest with more than 100 users). Eight design implications resulted from those trials: 1. Base the navigation interface on maps designed for walking. 2. Precise zooming is adequate for standing use only; button based coarse zooming is adequate for walking. 3. Good navigation support does not only cover the current situation, but also captures the past and supports planning. 4. Visualise imprecision of location information appropriately. 5. Chat-based communication is inadequate for many game situations. Carefully designed oral communication would be more appropriate in many situations. 6. Embed competitive awareness into the other channels. 7. Design explicitly for standing and walking use. 8. Design systems for user pairs. The design approaches discussed in this paper can also be applied to other mobile applications such as mobile learning in museums, emergency support or tourism.
Modeling and Analysis of Space Based Transceivers
Authors: Michael S. Moore, Jeremy C. Price, Ben Abbott, John Liebetreu, Richard Reinhart, Thomas Kacpura
Venue: Proceedings of the 29th Annual IEEE/NASA on Software Engineering Workshop (2005)

This paper presents the tool chain, methodology, and initial results of a study to provide a thorough, objective, and quantitative analysis of the design alternatives for space Software Defined Radio (SDR) transceivers. The approach taken was to develop a set of models and tools for describing communications requirements, the algorithm resource requirements, the available hardware, and the alternative software architectures, and generate analysis data necessary to compare alternative designs. The Space Transceiver Analysis Tool (STAT) was developed to help users identify and select representative designs, calculate the analysis data, and perform a comparative analysis of the representative designs. The tool allows the design space to be searched quickly while permitting incremental refinement in regions of higher payoff.
eChoupals: A Study on the Financial Sustainability of Village Internet Centers in Rural Madhya Pradesh
Authors: Richa Kumar
Venue: Information Technologies and International Development (2004)

Over the past few years, the long-term sustainability of ICT initiatives has increasingly come under question. Despite persistent doubts, governments, international agencies, NGOs, and private companies are pressing ahead to set up more such projects. This paper studies the financial sustainability of India's largest rural ICT initiative known as eChoupal. The eChoupals are distinct from other telecenter projects in that the value added is not in providing ICT infrastructure alone, but rather, in enabling efficiencies in the agricultural sector through greater information exchange and creation of an alternative market structure. An analysis of available data indicates that this project has a potential payback period of 3.9 years. Although several assumptions have been used in these calculations, a sensitivity analysis has been performed to provide a range of possible scenarios that show the profitability of the project. Through this analysis it seems that ICT projects can be financially sustainable when they are viewed not as an end in themselves but as tools to facilitate information exchange whereby, use of the technology enables higher efficiencies in another existing or new business setting, which provides the source of revenue to recover the initial investment.
State-Space Recurrent Fuzzy Neural Networks for Nonlinear System Identification
Authors: Wen Yu
Venue: Neural Processing Letters (2005)

In this paper, we propose a new recurrent fuzzy neural network, which has the standard state space form, we call it state-space recurrent neural networks. Input-to-state stability is applied to access robust training algorithms for system identification. Stable learning algorithms for the premise part and the consequence part of fuzzy rules are proved.
Design space exploration for a UMTS front-end exploiting analog platforms
Authors: F. De Bernarclinis, S. Gambini, R. Vincis, F. Svelto
Venue: Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE/ACM International conference on Computer-aided design (2004)

universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS) front end design is challenging because of the need to optimize power while satisfying a very high dynamic range requirement. Dealing with this design problem at the transistor level does not allow exploring efficiently the design space, while using behavioral models does not allow taking into consideration important second-order effects. We present an extension of the platform-based design methodology originally developed for digital systems to the analog domain to conjugate the need of higher levels of abstraction to deal with complexity as well as the one of capturing enough of the actual circuit-level characteristics to deal with second order effects. We show how this methodology applied to the UMTS front-end design yields power savings as large as 47% versus an original hand optimized design.
Efficient methods for automated multi-issue negotiation: Negotiating over a two-part tariff: Research Articles
Authors: D. J. A. Somefun, E. H. Gerding, J. A. La Poutré
Venue: International Journal of Intelligent Systems (2006)

In this article, we consider the novel approach of a seller and customer negotiating bilaterally about a two-part tariff, using autonomous software agents. An advantage of this approach is that win&ndash;win opportunities can be generated while keeping the problem of preference elicitation as simple as possible. We develop bargaining strategies that software agents can use to conduct the actual bilateral negotiation on behalf of their owners. We present a decomposition of bargaining strategies into concession strategies and Pareto-efficient-search methods: Concession and Pareto-search strategies focus on the conceding and win&ndash;win aspect of bargaining, respectively. An important technical contribution of this article lies in the development of two Pareto-search methods. Computer experiments show, for various concession strategies, that the respective use of these two Pareto-search methods by the two negotiators results in very efficient bargaining outcomes while negotiators concede the amount specified by their concession strategy. &copy; 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Int Syst 21: 99&ndash;119, 2006.
Comparaci&oacute;n de algoritmos de aprendizaje para identificaci&oacute;n del usuario a trav&eacute;s de la voz
Authors: Esaú Villatoro, Luis Villaseñor-Pineda, Manuel Montes-y-Gómez
Venue: Proceedings of the 2005 Latin American conference on Human-computer interaction (2005)

En este trabajo presentamos una comparaci&oacute;n entre cuatro algoritmos de aprendizaje autom&aacute;tico para identificaci&oacute;n del hablante. El estudio hace hincapi&eacute; en la simplificaci&oacute;n de la caracterizaci&oacute;n de la se&ntilde;al de voz al no usar reconocimiento fon&eacute;tico. Los resultados hasta ahora alcanzados nos brindan elementos para preferir el algoritmo de M&aacute;quinas de Vectores de Soporte (SVM).
How speech/text alignment benefits web-based learning
Authors: Sheng-Wei Li, Hao-Tung Lin, Herng-Yow Chen
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th annual ACM international conference on Multimedia (2005)

This demonstration presents an integrated web-based synchronized scenario for many-to-one cross-media correlations between speech (an EFL, English as Foreign Language, lecture with free-style lecturing behaviors) and the corresponding textual content. The analysis/presentation of the temporal correlations enable the vivid web-based language learning through the interactive functions: browsing speech via content, word-by-word pointer guidance, synchronized scrolling/highlighting, and listening training mode. We regularly analyze and repackage the multimedia content of VoA (Voice of America) [1], ICRT (International Community Radio Taipei) [2], and Online Lectures in our University [3]. Through the subjective experiments, this repackaged synchronized speech/text content does facilitate the learning for EFL learners.