ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
2007 Special Issue: Knowledge-based modularization and global optimization of artificial neural network models in hydrological forecasting
Authors: Gerald Corzo, Dimitri Solomatine
Venue: Neural Networks (2007)

Natural phenomena are multistationary and are composed of a number of interacting processes, so one single model handling all processes often suffers from inaccuracies. A solution is to partition data in relation to such processes using the available domain knowledge or expert judgment, to train separate models for each of the processes, and to merge them in a modular model (committee). In this paper a problem of water flow forecast in watershed hydrology is considered where the flow process can be presented as consisting of two subprocesses - base flow and excess flow, so that these two processes can be separated. Several approaches to data separation techniques are studied. Two case studies with different forecast horizons are considered. Parameters of the algorithms responsible for data partitioning are optimized using genetic algorithms and global pattern search. It was found that modularization of ANN models using domain knowledge makes models more accurate, if compared with a global model trained on the whole data set, especially when forecast horizon (and hence the complexity of the modelled processes) is increased.
Improved design of long FIR filters using the frequency masking technique
Authors: M. G. Bellanger
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 03 (1996)

Frequency specifications imposing small transitions between pass-bands and stop bands lead to FIR filters having long impulse responses and highly correlated coefficients. Multirate techniques can reduce the resulting redundancy and the combination of a sharp undersampled filter with a couple of interpolating filters can lead to significant gains in arithmetic complexity. The alternative implementation proposed, and the corresponding filter design can bring an additional gain in the total operation count.
Eliminating handoff latencies in 802.11 WLANs using multiple radios: applications, experience, and evaluation
Authors: Vladimir Brik, Arunesh Mishra, Suman Banerjee
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th ACM SIGCOMM conference on Internet Measurement (2005)

Deployment of Voice-over IP (VoIP) and other real-time streaming applications has been somewhat limited in wireless LANs today, partially because of the high handoff latencies experienced by mobile users. Our goal in this work is to eliminate handoff latency by exploiting the potential of multiple radios in WLAN devices. Our proposed approach, called MultiScan, is implemented entirely on the client-side, and, unlike prior work, MultiScan requires neither changing the Access Points (APs), nor having knowledge of wireless network topology. MultiScan nodes rely on using their (potentially idle) second wireless interface to opportunistically scan and pre-associate with alternate APs and eventually seamlessly handoff ongoing connections. In this paper we describe our implementation of MultiScan, present detailed evaluations of its effect on handoff latency and evaluate performance gains for MultiScan-enhanced wireless clients running Skype, a popular commercial VoIP application.
A preconditioned LMS algorithm for rapid adaptation of feedforward controllers
Authors: S. J. Elliott
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 02 (2000)

A form of LMS algorithm for adaptive feedforward control is presented in which the physical plant response is preconditioned by the inverse of its minimum phase part. The overall response from the output of the control filter to the output of the error sensors is thus equal to the all-pass part of the plant response. Since this has a flat magnitude response, the convergence speed of the adaptive algorithm is not affected by resonances in the plant response, as it is for the normal filtered reference and filtered error LMS for example. Simulations are presented for a control system using a plant response measured from a loudspeaker to a microphone inside a car which support these observations.
An Asynchronous Approach to Synthesizing Custom Architectures for Efficient Execution of Programs on FPGAs
Authors: Lalit Agarwal, Mike Wazlowski, Sumit Ghosh
Venue: Proceedings of the 1994 International Conference on Parallel Processing - Volume 02 (1994)

PRISM, a computer architecture consisting of a general-purpose core processor and a reconfigurable FPGA platform, was designed to bridge the gap between general-purpose and specialized computers. PRISM-I, introduced a new concept wherein a custom architecture, utilizing the FPGAs, is dynamically and automatically created to execute a specific C program more efficiently. Speedup is achieved by executing frequently executed functions of the program on the custom-synthesized hardware while the remainder of the program executes on the core processor. PRISM-I, however, being a proof-of-concept system, suffers from several limitations, principal among them being that the evaluation time of a function is restricted to a single bus-cycle, loops with variable iteration counts are not allowed in the function, and control constructs, i.e. "if-then-else", are not executed efficiently. This paper introduces a significant conceptual advancement, PRISM-II, that synthesizes asynchronous, adaptive architectures for C programs and addresses the above limitations of PRISM-I in a general manner. PRISM-II introduces a novel execution model and a framework for translating a C function into an FPGA-based custom architecture.
A Proposal of Celestial Attitude Conscious Driving: Vehicle Macroscopic Planetarium Guidance for Edutainment
Authors: Masato Takahashi
Venue: Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Artificial Reality and Telexistence--Workshops (2006)

In present-day's working style, driving vehicle is one of precious chances to be aware of the nature including the celestial sphere. A novel edutainment system is proposed by which a driver can have a clue to be aware of the relationship between the celestial sphere and himself. The attitude of the driver to the celestial sphere is always presented visually to him. The blockage by high rise buildings in cities or mountains in suburban are also superimposed. It will be the first mixed reality system used in our daily life. It serves as edutainment as well as art. Besides, it has another advantage to support two drivers in distant places know if they are sharing any common view of celestial events when they talk by their cell phones in their vehicles in distant places. Such an experience of sharing the same celestial object or event in a synchronized way enhances the novel internal sensation of mutual tele-existence.
Longitudinal study of changes in blogs
Authors: Paul Logasa Bogen,  II, Luis Francisco-Revilla, Richard Furuta, Takeisha Hubbard, Unmil P. Karadkar, Frank Shipman
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th ACM/IEEE-CS joint conference on Digital libraries (2007)

Web-based distributed collections often include links to documents that are expected to change frequently, such as blogs. The study reported here demonstrates that blog changes follow specific patterns. The results also illustrate the substantial role of standardized templates in blog pages. These results extend our earlier models that assess the significance of Web page change from a human perspective. These improved models will enable software systems to assist human collection managers in identifying unexpected changes and aberrant events.
Interactive presentation: Statistical dual-Vdd assignment for FPGA interconnect power reduction
Authors: Yan Lin, Lei He
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe (2007)

Field programmable dual- Vdd interconnects are effective to reduce FPGA power. However, the deterministic Vdd assignment leverages timing slack exhaustively and significantly increases the number of near-critical paths, which results in a degraded timing yield with process variation. In this paper, we present two statistical Vdd assignment algorithms. The first greedy algorithm is based on sensitivity while the second one is based on timing slack budgeting. Both minimize chip-level interconnect power without degrading timing yield. Evaluated with MCNC circuits, the statistical algorithms reduce interconnect power by 40% compared to the single- Vdd FPGA with power gating. In contrast, the deterministic algorithm reduces interconnect power by 51% but degrades timing yield from 97.7% to 87.5%.
UCC: update-conscious compilation for energy efficiency in wireless sensor networks
Authors: Weijia Li, Youtao Zhang, Jun Yang, Jiang Zheng
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 ACM SIGPLAN conference on Programming language design and implementation (2007)

Wireless sensor networks (WSN), composed of a large number of low-cost, battery-powered sensors, have recently emerged as promising computing platforms for many non-traditional applications. The preloaded code on remote sensors often needs to be updated after deployment in order for the WSN to adapt to the changing demands from the users. Post-deployment code dissemination is challenging as the data are transmitted via battery-powered wireless communication. Recent studies show that the energy for sending a single bit is about the same as executing 1000 instructions in aWSN. Therefore it is important to achieve energy efficiency in code dissemination. In this paper, we propose novel update-conscious compilation(UCC) techniques for energy-efficient code dissemination in WSNs. An update-conscious compiler, when compiling the modified code, includes the compilation decisions that were made when generating the old binary. The compiler employs a detailed energy model and strives to match the old decisions for a more energy-efficient result. In most cases, matching the previous decisions improves the binary code similarity, reduces the amount of data to be transmitted to remote sensors, and thus, consumes less energy. In this paper, we develop update-conscious register allocation and data layout algorithms. Our experimental results show that they can achieve great improvements over the traditional, update-oblivious approaches.
Identity-Based Encryption for Sensor Networks
Authors: Leonardo B. Oliveira, Ricardo Dahab, Julio Lopez, Felipe Daguano, Antonio A. F. Loureiro
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops (2007)

In spite of several years of intense research, the area of security and cryptography in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) still has a number of open problems. On the other hand, the advent of Identity-Based Encryption (IBE) has enabled a wide range of new cryptographic solutions. In this work, we argue that IBE is ideal for WSNs and vice versa. We discuss the synergy between the systems, describe how IBE can solve the key agreement problem in WSNs, and present some estimates of performance.
A Distributed Multidisciplinary Design Optimization Framework: Technology Integration
Authors: Weiming Shen, Hamada Ghenniwa
Venue: Journal of Integrated Design Process Science (2003)

Web technology is playing an increasingly important role in collaborative product development systems. However, traditional Web-based applications were developed using client/server architecture for information sharing, which lacks a proper support for non-deterministic ad hoc interaction and integration of distributed capabilities. This paper presents some results of an on-going research project on developing a distributed multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) framework that integrates Internet, Web and agent technologies. The primary goal is to develop a collaborative distributed MDO environment that integrates traditional and state-of-the-art technologies. The principle is to leverage the right technology for the appropriate purpose. In this paper the MDO environment is modeled as a society of agents. Agent-oriented negotiation is employed in computing resource management or load balancing. Web-based interfaces provide the vehicle for the users to access the MDO software environment and collaborate with each other. Active Web servers provide a way to integrate legacy systems separated by firewalls. The paper describes the proposed framework; presents a prototype environment for blow molded automotive parts design; and addresses some key issues in system implementation.
Access Grid technology in classroom and research environments
Authors: Tiki L. Suarez
Venue: The Journal of Supercomputing (2007)

Global communication is essential to industry, research and education. The Access Grid (AG) is a suite of hardware, software, and tools to facilitate communication and collaboration over the Internet. These resources are used at over 500 institutions worldwide to support group-to-group interactions across the Grid including collaborative research work sessions, tutorials, lectures, large-scale distributed meetings and training. This paper will provide an overview of the technology to encourage professionals to integrate benefits and tools of the Grid into their instruction and research. Furthermore, this paper will compare this new technology to more traditional videoconferencing and distributed collaborative working environments. Lastly, it will present issues and challenges that must be addressed to incorporate this momentous technology within the classroom and for collaboration throughout the world.
Real-Time Requirement of Media Control Applications
Authors: Francisco Gomez-Molinero
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (2007)

This presentation will start describing the main functions of multimedia control applications with special emphasis on video surveillance systems. Based on this description the resource requirements of multimedia control applications will be presented in particular regarding the use of the processor, the memory, and the network bandwidth. Some real-world sequences will be used to illustrate the presentation.
A taxation model
Authors: D. A. Alekseev, K. D. Alekseev
Venue: Cybernetics and Systems Analysis (2007)

A new approach to taxation modeling is considered that takes into account the relationship between the costs of fixed capital and direct labor. The well-known Balatskii model in which the emphasis is put on fixed capital is substantially generalized. The problem of optimizing the total tax rate with respect to a Laffer-type criterion is solved. Statistical data for Ukraine over 2000---2003 are used.
Why does file system prefetching work?
Authors: Elizabeth Shriver, Christopher Small, Keith A. Smith
Venue: Proceedings of the annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference (1999)

Most file systems attempt to predict which disk blocks will be needed in the near future and prefetch them into memory; this technique can improve application throughput as much as 50%. But why? The reasons include that the disk cache comes into play, the device driver amortizes the fixed cost of an I/O operation over a larger amount of data, total disk seek time can be decreased, and that programs can overlap computation and I/O. However, intuition does not tell us the relative benefit of each of these causes, or techniques for increasing the effectiveness of prefetching. To answer these questions, we constructed an analytic performance model for file system reads. The model is based on a 4.4BSD-derived file system, and parameterized by the access patterns of the files, layout of files on disk, and the design characteristics of the file system and of the underlying disk. We then validated the model against several simple workloads; the predictions of our model were typically within 4% of measured values, and differed at most by 9% from measured values. Using the model and experiments, we explain why and when prefetching works, and make proposals for how to tune file system and disk parameters to improve overall system throughput.
Adaptive Distance Filter-based Traffic Reduction for Mobile Grid
Authors: In Kee Kim, Sung Ho Jang, Jong Sik Lee
Venue: Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems Workshops (2007)

The mobile grid introduces various research challenges distinguished from existing grid computing systems. They are low bandwidth, low processing power, low battery capacity, frequent disconnectivity, and mobility. Mobility of the grid node increases the system load of the mobile grid in a constrained operating environment by increasing the number of communication messages required to confirm the location between the grid broker and mobile grid node. Therefore, this paper proposes an adaptive distance filter that can effectively reduce communication traffic between the mobile grid node and grid broker. This filter constructs clusters based on the mobility and velocity of the grid node and filters the location updates. However, the reduction of location updates generates location errors, which occur when the grid broker cannot acquire the exact location of mobile nodes. To solve this problem, if the location updates are filtered, the grid broker can estimate the location of the mobile node using a statistical estimation method. For the performance evaluation of the adaptive distance filter, we modeled the mobility of the grid nodes. We then measured the reduction in location updates and location errors. In these experiments, we prove that the adaptive distance filter is an effective scheme for reducing location updates and the grid broker can reduce location errors through location estimation.
Functional Interactions during the Retrieval of Conceptual Action Knowledge: An fMRI Study
Authors: Ann Assmus, Carsten Giessing, Peter H. Weiss, Gereon R. Fink
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2007)

Impaired retrieval of conceptual knowledge for actions has been associated with lesions of left premotor, left parietal, and left middle temporal areas [Tranel, D., Kemmerer, D., Adolphs, R., Damasio, H., & Damasio, A. R. Neural correlates of conceptual knowledge for actions. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 409--432, 2003]. Here we aimed at characterizing the differential contribution of these areas to the retrieval of conceptual knowledge about actions. During functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), different categories of pictograms (whole-body actions, manipulable and nonmanipulable objects) were presented to healthy subjects. fMRI data were analyzed using SPM2. A conjunction analysis of the neural activations elicited by all pictograms revealed ( p
Performance evaluating the evaluator
Authors: T. List, J. Bins, J. Vazquez, R. B. Fisher
Venue: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks (2005)

When evaluating the performance of a computer-based visual tracking system one often wishes to compare results with a standard human observer. It is a natural assumption that humans fully understand the relatively simple scenes we subject our computers to and because of this, two human observers would draw the same conclusions about object positions, tracks, size and even simple behaviour patterns. But is that actually the case? This paper provides a baseline for how computer-based tracking results can be compared to a standard human observer.
Concept maps and competence charts: a roadmap to understanding the global curriculum
Authors: J. D. Jones
Venue: Proceedings of the 30th Annual Frontiers in Education - Volume 01 (2000)

The objective of the paper is to illustrate how program and course concept maps and competence charts can be developed and utilized to help faculty, staff, students, and stakeholders to better understand the global curriculum, identify pedagogical program weaknesses, and create strategies for improvements. Sample concept maps and competence charts are presented and common program weaknesses are identified and discussed. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Viewer authentication for personalized iTV services
Authors: Tilen Mlakar, Janez Zaletelj, Jurij F. Tasic
Venue: Proceedings of the Eight International Workshop on Image Analysis for Multimedia Interactive Services (2007)

The proliferation of interactive digital TV services will depend on their complexity and ease of use. The investigation of simple, intuitive human-machine interfaces is therefore crucial for their success. Personalized iTV services require consumer authentication and consumer input, which is traditionally done by using the remote control. In this paper, we investigate alternative ways to collect consumer input based on computer vision methods. The goal of the proposed system is to enable consumer authentication and automatic collection of consumer feedback on the TV program. The image processing system on the STB continually monitors the TV viewer(s). The face detection is employed to detect and track the number of people watching the TV program. Face recognition is employed to identify specific TV viewers, which is necessary in order to enable personalized user interface and personalized services. Eye detection and gaze recognition is used to continually track the interest level of the specific viewer towards the TV content, which is important feedback information.
Condensative stream query language for data streams
Authors: Lisha Ma, Werner Nutt, Hamish Taylor
Venue: Proceedings of the eighteenth conference on Australasian database - Volume 63 (2007)

In contrast to traditional database queries, a query on stream data is continuous in that it is periodically evaluated over fractions (sliding windows) of the data stream. This introduces challenges beyond those encountered when processing traditional queries. Over a traditional DBMS (Database Management System), the answer to an aggregate query is usually much smaller than the answer to a similar non-aggregate query making query processing condensative. Current proposals for declarative query languages over data streams do not support such condensative processing. Nor is it yet well understood what query constructs and what semantics should be adopted for continuous query languages. In order to make existing stream query languages more expressive, a novel stream query language CSQL (Condensative Stream Query Language) are proposed over a sequence-based stream model (Ma & Nutt 2005). It is shown that the sequence model supports a precise tuple-based semantics that is lacking in previous time-based models, and thereby provides a formal semantics to understand and reason about continuous queries. CSQL supports sliding window operators found in previous languages and processes a declarative semantics that allows one to specify and reason about the different meanings of the frequency by which a query returns answer tuples, which are beyond previous query languages over streams. In addition, a novel condensative stream algebra is defined by extending an existing stream algebra with a new frequency operator, to capture the condensative property. It is shown that a condensative stream algebra enables the generation of efficient continuous query plans, and can be used to validate query optimisation. Finally, it is shown via an experimental study that the proposed operators are effective and efficient in practice.