ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Managed security services: an emerging solution to security
Authors: Deepali Deshpande
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd annual conference on Information security curriculum development (2005)

Recent security breaches at ChoicePoint Inc., Lexis Nexis and Citicorp have again proven that the security administration is an important function within an organization. However, for some organizations, it is practically not possible to implement the security measures in-house due to lack of staff, expertise, technology, and time to attend the evolving security issues. Managed security services (MSS) can be the answer to their security needs. The paper is an overview of this evolving solution to the security. Companies are turning to managed security service providers for their security requirements. Managed security service providers (MSSP) are experts in security administration and provide a wide range of packages and services. The paper covers the different types of services offered by MSS providers. The paper discusses in detail benefits and risks associated with hiring a MSSP. Choosing a MSSP is a vital step and should be performed with due care. The paper provides some guidelines that a company could follow while choosing a provider and making a service level agreement with the provider. Finally, the paper covers ongoing management and review processes to assess the performance of a MSSP.
ITU-T SG16 QoS Architecture for Multimedia Systems
Authors: Subha Dhesikan, Seong-Ho Jeong
Venue: Proceedings of the Joint International Conference on Autonomic and Autonomous Systems and International Conference on Networking and Services (2005)

The purpose of this paper is to show standardization activity in ITU-T SG16 with respect to QoS. The ITU-T SG16 has defined an architecture and framework that permits H.323 applications to request and acquire QoS for its applications in multi-provider networks. This document provides a brief look at that architecture and framework. The H.323 QoS effort is independent of but complementary to the QoS architecture, mechanisms and tools supported in the network domain. The intention is that irrespective of the QoS mechanisms deployed in the network, H.323 applications can negotiate and acquire QoS from the network end to end.
Personal souvenirs as ambient intelligent objects
Authors: Elise van den Hoven, Berry Eggen
Venue: Proceedings of the 2005 joint conference on Smart objects and ambient intelligence: innovative context-aware services: usages and technologies (2005)

Recollecting memories is an important everyday activity, which can be supported in an Ambient Intelligent environment. For optimal support cues are needed that make people reconstruct their memories. The cue category that is most suitable for an Ambient Intelligent environment concerns physical objects, more specifically souvenirs. This paper shows that personal souvenirs are suitable for usage in an Ambient Intelligent recollecting application.
Le projet RAMPE: syst&egrave;me interactif d'information auditive pour la mobilit&eacute; des personnes aveugles dans les transports publics
Authors: G. Baudoin, O. Venard, G. Uzan, A. Paumier, J. Cesbron
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd French-speaking conference on Mobility and ubiquity computing (2005)

In this paper, we present the RAMPE project whose objective is to design, realize and experiment a system for the assistance and information of blind people so that they can increase their mobility and autonomy in public transport. It is intended to equip bus or tramway stops or to be installed in poles of transport interactions. It is based on smart hand-held devices that are WiFi enabled Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) able to communicate by a wireless WiFi connection with fixed equipment in bus or tram stations. The smart hand-held devices can present and filter vocal messages, they can adapt themselves to the type of information system available at the stations, they can react to real-time information sent by the stations. A special care has been given to the design of the man machine interface and to the management of priorities in the real-time vocal information application.
The PLUSS toolkit?: extending telelogic DOORS and IBM-rational rose to support product line use case modeling
Authors: Magnus Eriksson, Henrik Morast, Jürgen Börstler, Kjell Borg
Venue: Proceedings of the 20th IEEE/ACM international Conference on Automated software engineering (2005)

The PLUSS approach (Product Line Use case modeling for Systems and Software engineering) is a domain modeling method tailored towards the development of long lived software intensive systems. PLUSS provides means to maintain a common and complete use case model for a whole family of systems. In this paper, we describe how the commercial requirements management tool Telelogic DOORS and the UML modeling tool IBM-Rational Rose can be extended and used for managing system family models in accordance with the PLUSS approach.
A Second Generation Low Cost Embedded Color Vision System
Authors: Anthony Rowe, Charles Rosenberg, Illah Nourbakhsh
Venue: Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05) - Workshops - Volume 03 (2005)

In this paper we describe a low cost embedded vision system, the CMUcam2. The CMUcam2 is the second generation of the CMUcam system and attempts to overcome the shortcomings of the original system as well as improve upon and add to its functionality. The goal of the system is to provide simple vision capabilities to small embedded systems in the form of an intelligent sensor. The system utilizes a low cost CMOS color camera module, a frame buffer chip and all image data is processed by a low cost microcontroller. The system includes the original functionality of color blob tracking, but improves upon it with tracking speeds of up to 50 frames per second. New functionality includes frame differencing, edge detection, and color histogramming. Other improvements were also made to facilitate communication with slower speed processors, as is often the case in a variety of robotics applications, including miniature robotics, hobby robotics and aerial robots.
Low Power Multilevel Interconnect Networks Using Wave-Pipelined Multiplexed (WPM) Routing
Authors: Ajay Joshi, Vinita Deodhar, Jeffrey Davis
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on VLSI Design held jointly with 5th International Conference on Embedded Systems Design (2006)

A low power multilevel interconnect architecture that uses wave-pipelined multiplexed (WPM) interconnect routing is proposed in this paper. WPM takes advantage of existing interconnect idleness and implements low-overhead wire sharing to reduce the number of routing tracks required for intra-macrocell communication. It is shown that the extra available routing area could then be used to redesign the interconnect network to substantially reduce coupling capacitance and driver sizes. System-level simulation reveals that the systematic application of WPM reduces total power of a 40M transistor macrocell by almost 28% without any loss in performance.
Advances in computational image segmentation and perceptual grouping
Authors: Francisco J. Estrada
Venue:  (2005)

In this thesis we explore the problem of bottom-up figure-ground discrimination. Given a single image, we are interested in partitioning the image into a small number of distinct objects using only generic image cues. We address this problem from the point of view of two broad fields of computational vision: image segmentation, and perceptual grouping. Within the field of image segmentation, we present a novel algorithm that uses spectral embedding and min-cut to generate high-quality segmentations of arbitrary images. We describe the mathematical foundation of spectral embedding, show a relationship between spectral embedding and anisotropic smoothing, and examine the generation of seed regions for min-cut. We then present a quantitative study of segmentation quality on the Berkeley Segmentation Database. We propose suitable measures of segmentation quality, and show comparative segmentation quality results for our algorithm and three competing segmentation methods. Within the field of perceptual grouping, we present a general search-based framework for contour extraction on cluttered images. The algorithm is based on locally normalized affinities for search control, and supports cue integration for increased robustness. We develop the algorithm in two parts, first, we demonstrate the robustness and efficiency achieved by our search framework in the context of convex group detection, and then describe suitable constraints that can be used to find non-convex contours. We discuss the problem of evaluating contour saliency, and demonstrate the use of colour information to increase robustness. Finally, we discuss directions for future research for both of the components of our work.
Optimizing All-to-All Collective Communication by Exploiting Concurrency in Modern Networks
Authors: Vinod Tipparaju, Jarek Nieplocha
Venue: Proceedings of the 2005 ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing (2005)

The paper proposes a novel approach for optimizing performance of all-to-all collective communication by taking advantage of concurrency available in modern networks such as Infiniband or Quadrics. Using the MPI AllGather operation as an example, we describe how network concurrency can be exploited in an optimized implementation of this operation. For example, compared to leading MPI implementations for a 32-KB message on 128 processors, our new algorithm yields a 65% improvement on the Infiniband at Virginia Tech and an 89% improvement on the Quadrics cluster at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.
A method for evaluating outbreak detection in public health surveillance systems that use administrative data
Authors: Mark A. Musen
Venue:  (2005)

Many public health practitioners now use administrative data for surveillance to detect disease outbreaks, despite the limited evidence that this approach to surveillance is effective. The aim of this dissertation is to develop and apply a simulation-based method for evaluating outbreak detection through surveillance of administrative data. The model is mechanistically driven, reflecting what is known about the underlying processes that follow exposure and lead to an outbreak becoming evident in administrative data. The model comprises four related mechanisms and the interaction between these mechanisms: dispersion, infection, disease, and health-care utilization. In a study that uses the simulation model, I evaluate the performance of syndromic surveillance for detection of an outbreak resulting from a release of anthrax. I also compare the performance of outbreak detection through syndromic surveillance to detection through clinical case-finding using blood-culture testing. The results of the study demonstrate that the sensitivity and timeliness of outbreak detection through syndromic surveillance are influenced strongly by specificity. At a specificity above 0.9, clinical case-finding detected the majority of outbreaks before syndromic surveillance did. Syndromic surveillance did detect some outbreaks before clinical case-finding, however, even when operating at high specificity. I conclude that syndromic surveillance offers some benefit over clinical case-finding for detection of anthrax outbreaks. Further research is required to determine if this benefit is meaningful in practice.
Software Engineering Sub-Ontology for Specific Software Development
Authors: P Wongthongtham, P Chang E, C Cheah, Dillon,  T.S.
Venue: Proceedings of the 29th Annual IEEE/NASA on Software Engineering Workshop (2005)

In this paper we propose software engineering subontology. We called it application-specific ontology, for specific software development. It enables remote team members browsing, searching, sharing, and authoring ontological data under the distributed software engineering projects environment. We transform explicit meaningful human knowledge into application-specific ontology, where knowledge structures and semantics are linked, and we go through a formal hand-shaking agreement establishing process before the semantic contents are updated in ontology repositories. The application-specific ontology is used for communication over project agreement to facilitate better, highly consistent communications and formalized domain knowledge sharing. We assume that object-oriented development is deployed in the distributed projects. The knowledge of object-oriented development formed in the application-specific ontology clarifies the objectoriented development concepts in a machine understandable form. Software agent, for example, can be utilised to extract information.
Stuttering Abstraction for Model Checkin
Authors: Shiva Nejati, Arie Gurfinkel, Marsha Chechik
Venue: Proceedings of the Third IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering and Formal Methods (2005)

Abstraction is one of the most effective approaches to improving the applicability and the scalability of modelchecking. The goal of abstraction is to construct a model which is small enough to analyze, yet contains enough detail to allow conclusive analysis of properties of interest. For a given concrete model, the size of its smallest possible abstraction is intimately related to the set of temporal properties preserved by the abstraction. Thus, smaller abstractions are possible if we reduce this set, for example, by disallowing the use of the next-time operator. In this paper, we improve the conclusiveness and efficiency of the 3-valued abstraction framework. We start by proposing a number of simulation relations that preserve true properties expressed in subsets of CTL without the next-time operator. We show how these simulation relations are extended into refinement relations for defining 3-valued abstractions. Using these refinement relations, we give a new abstraction method that results in more conclusive abstract models.
Büchi automata and their degrees of nondeterminism and ambiguity
Authors: Frank Niessner
Venue: Journal of Automata, Languages and Combinatorics (2004)

Nondeterminism and ambiguity in abstract machines can be consider as consumable resources. This was first done by Goldstine, Kintala and Wotschke for finite automata. We extend their method to finite automata which accept words of infinite length, so-called regular ω-automata. We classify the automata with respect to the amount of nondeterminism and ambiguity that is needed to accept a corresponding regular ω-language and present examples for each of the classes. It is a well-known fact that the deterministic regular ω-languages are a proper subset of the nondeterministic ones. Hence we specify the amount of nondeterminism and ambiguity that is necessary to accept a nondeterministic regular ω-language. Finally, we show for all possible amounts of nondeterminism that there is no interrelation between nondeterminism and ambiguity.
A Framework for Management of Semistructured Probabilistic Data
Authors: Wenzhong Zhao, Alex Dekhtyar, Judy Goldsmith
Venue: Journal of Intelligent Information Systems (2005)

This paper describes the theoretical framework and implementation of a database management system for storing and manipulating diverse probability distributions of discrete random variables with finite domains, and associated information. A formal Semistructured Probabilistic Object (SPO) data model and a Semistructured Probabilistic Query Algebra (SP-algebra) are proposed. The SP-algebra supports standard database queries as well as some specific to probabilities, such as conditionalization and marginalization. Thus, the Semistructured Probabilistic Database may be used as a backend to any application that involves the management of large quantities of probabilistic information, such as building stochastic models. The implementation uses XML encoding of SPOs to facilitate communication with diverse applications. The database management system has been implemented on top of a relational DBMS. The translation of SP-algebra queries into relational queries are discussed here, and the results of initial experiments evaluating the system are reported.
Standardized flowcharts
Authors: Wayne LeBlanc
Venue: ACM SIGDOC Asterisk Journal of Computer Documentation (1978)

A set of guidelines are detailed in this paper for developing flowcharts which are very useful for writing or documenting structured programs. These guidelines produce flowcharts which allow easy identification of logic paths, allow simple recognition of the depth of decision levels, and compel the same sequence of logic to appear pictorially identical, regardless of the flowchart author.
SecureWorld Expo 2005
Authors: Faith M. Keikkila
Venue: IEEE Security and Privacy (2005)

A report on SecureWorld Expo 2005, held 21 to 22 September 2005 in Dearborn, Michigan. The SecureWorld Expo targets business and IT professionals with security concerns and provides them with an industry-wide agenda to help solve those concerns through a partnership with government agencies.
Performance Enhancement of 2D Face Recognition via Mosaicing
Authors: Richa Singh, Mayank Vatsa, Arun Ross, Afzel Noore
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE Workshop on Automatic Identification Advanced Technologies (2005)

We describe a face mosaicing scheme that generates a composite face image during enrollment based on the evidence provided by frontal and semi-profile face images of an individual. Face mosaicing obviates the need to store multiple face templates representing multiple poses of a user's face image. In the proposed scheme, the side profile images are aligned with the frontal image using a terrain transform that exploits neighborhood properties to determine the transformation relating the 2 images. Multiresolution splining is then used to blend the side profiles with the frontal image thereby generating a composite face image of the user. A local binary pattern matching algorithm is used to compare an input face image with the template face mosaic. Experiments conducted on a small dataset of 27 users indicate that face mosaicing as described in this paper offers significant benefits by accounting for the pose variations commonly observed in face images.
Projection of the Array-OL Specification Language onto the Kahn Process Network Computation Model
Authors: Abdelkader Amar, Pierre Boulet, Philippe Dumont
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Parallel Architectures,Algorithms and Networks (2005)

The Array-OL specification model has been introduced to model systematic signal processing applications. This model is multidimensional and allows to express the full potential parallelism of an application: both task and data parallelism. The Array-OL language is an expression of data dependences and thus allows many execution orders. In order to execute Array-OL applications on distributed architectures, we show here how to project such specifi- cation onto the Kahn process network model of computation. We show how Array-OL code transformations allow to choose a projection adapted to the target architecture.
Wide coverage natural language processing using kernel methods and neural networks for structured data
Authors: Sauro Menchetti, Fabrizio Costa, Paolo Frasconi, Massimiliano Pontil
Venue: Pattern Recognition Letters (2005)

Convolution kernels and recursive neural networks are both suitable approaches for supervised learning when the input is a discrete structure like a labeled tree or graph. We compare these techniques in two natural language problems. In both problems, the learning task consists in choosing the best alternative tree in a set of candidates. We report about an empirical evaluation between the two methods on a large corpus of parsed sentences and speculate on the role played by the representation and the loss function.
IMAGINATION: a robust image-based CAPTCHA generation system
Authors: Ritendra Datta, Jia Li, James Z. Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th annual ACM international conference on Multimedia (2005)

We propose IMAGINATION (IMAge Generation for INternet AuthenticaTION), a system for the generation of attack-resistant, user-friendly, image-based CAPTCHAs. In our system, we produce controlled distortions on randomly chosen images and present them to the user for annotation from a given list of words. The distortions are performed in a way that satisfies the incongruous requirements of low perceptual degradation and high resistance to attack by content-based image retrieval systems. Word choices are carefully generated to avoid ambiguity as well as to avoid attacks based on the choices themselves. Preliminary results demonstrate the attack-resistance and user-friendliness of our system compared to text-based CAPTCHAs.
An Integrated Medium Access Control and Traffic Management Architecture for DVB-RCS SkyplexNet Satellite Systems
Authors: Giuseppe Tomasicchio, Luigi Secondiani, Fabrizio Cola, Emiliano Micaloni
Venue: Wireless Personal Communications: An International Journal (2005)

The growing development of standard Internet services and the emerging exploitation of several broadband multimedia contents disclosing in the last years, significantly promoted scenarios where Satellite Networks can play key roles. Several satellite networks are currently implemented according to the Digital Video Broadcasting-Return Channel via Satellite (DVB-RCS) standard, assuming to operate with a transparent satellite and an hub-centric (star) network topology.The present work addresses the SkyplexNet (SKN) system: an advanced Broadband Satellite Network for meshed connectivity developed by Alenia Spazio, within the framework of ESA Artes 3 --- Line 1 Program, according to the DVB-RCS standard with duly extensions for the on-Board multiplexing capability of the Skyplex Units currently embarked on HotBird VI and W3A satellites. In this paper an architecture design study aiming at integrating the Medium Access Control (MAC) and Traffic Management (TM) functionality in a DVB-RCS like Network is presented. The envisaged Traffic Management schemes shall enable the SKN System to guarantee an adequate support of various Quality of Service (QoS) requirements and their application according to pre-defined Traffic Profiles established at connection set up phase with the support of physical medium access management functions.The functional architectures studied for the SKN Inter-Working Layer, from Internet protocols to SkyplexNet ones, and the SKN MAC layer have been also analysed on the interoperability level of these layers in order to deploy such functions as SKN connection mapping, packet scheduling and Bandwidth on Demand (BoD) policies.In this paper two different schemes of Traffic Management and MAC are presented reporting a detailed analysis of advantages and drawbacks of both approaches to be taken into account for future SkyplexNet system implementations.
Extending OWL by Fuzzy Description Logic
Authors: Mingxia Gao, Chunnian Liu
Venue: Proceedings of the 17th IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence (2005)

Technology about ontology plays an important role in all kinds of technologies about the SemanticWeb. OWL, the standard web ontology language is proposed by W3C. Vocabularies in OWL only represent certain and complete concepts and roles. In order to represent fuzzy knowledge, this paper extends existing OWL language by encoding fuzzy constructors, axioms and constraints and maps semantics of these new vocabularies to fuzzy description logic. Extended OWL can represent fuzzy ontology and resolve some fuzzy entailment tasks by constraint propagation calculus of fuzzy description logic.