ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Proceedings of the Workshop on a Broader Perspective on Multiword Expressions
Venue: ACL Workshops (2007)

This volume contains the papers accepted for presentation at the workshop A Broader Perspective on Multiword Expressions. The workshop is endorsed by the Association for Computational Linguistics Special Interest Group on the Lexicon (SIGLEX) and is held in conjunction with the ACL 2007 Conference on June 28th, 2007 in Prague, Czech Republic. In recent years, the NLP community has increasingly become aware of the problems that multiword expressions (MWEs) pose. A considerable amount of research has been conducted in this area, some within large research projects dedicated to MWEs. Although progress has been made especially in the area of multiword extraction, a number of fundamental questions remain unanswered. The goal of the workshop is to address some of these questions with oral and poster presentations, as well as general discussion period at the end of the workshop. In particular, we want to focus on the following topics: &bull; Is it sufficient to use purely statistical methods for the extraction of MWEs from corpora, or is it necessary to harness human knowledge and linguistic insights? &bull; To what extent can definitions and extraction procedures be generalised to other languages, other text types and other types of MWEs? &bull; What properties should be specified for MWEs or subtypes of MWEs in the lexicon? And can we detect these properties automatically with sufficient accuracy? &bull; What role do the semantics of MWEs play in NLP applications and can they be determined automatically from large corpora? We received 23 submissions in total. Each submission was reviewed by at least two members of the program committee, who did not only give an overall verdict but also provided detailed comments to the authors. Due to the large number of interesting papers we had received and the fact that the workshop is only half-day, we decided on an unusual format including a poster session slot. This allowed us to accept ten papers for presentation at the workshop, four oral and six poster presentations. The poster session offers an opportunity to exhibit a wider range of approaches and points of view than would otherwise have been possible, and we hope it will thus initiate a lively and fruitful discussion period at the end of the workshop.
A Novel Approach for the Maximum Coverage Sets of WSN Based on Immune Clone Selection Algorithm
Authors: WenJie Tian, JiCheng Liu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Second International Symposium on Electronic Commerce and Security - Volume 01 (2009)

A major concern in wireless sensor networks is to maximize network lifetime while maintaining a high quality of service at each round, which includes target coverage and network connectivity. There are two competing objectives presented to determine where to place the sensor nodes, the coverage rate and the number of working nodes. And then a novel algorithm for selecting the optimal coverage set based on improved immune clone selection algorithm is proposed. As another new contribution, we apply the novel algorithm in the K-disjoint coverage sets problem, which divides all the sensors into K-disjoint sets, guaranteeing each set with complete coverage. This method can shorten coding length, incarnate the characteristic of mutation and improve the capability of search and convergence of algorithm. By alternating coverage subsets and using only one at each round, the maximum network lifetime is achieved. Numerical and simulation results are provided to examine our analysis for wireless sensor networks
SMT Automatic Optical Inspection Path Planning Based on MDSPSO Algorithm
Authors: Bin Ren, Lianglun Cheng
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Natural Computing - Volume 02 (2009)

When carrying out the Automatic Optical Inspection (AOI) on the Printing Circuit Board (PCB) adopted Surface Mounted Technology (SMT) , inspecting path planning is a question of combinatorial optimization, every inspecting window exists certain move range. In view of all above problems, this paper studied the standard Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm, and based on that, it suggested another algorithm--Multi-directional Search PSO (MDSPSO) algorithm. The renew of the speed and location of every particle in MDSPSO algorithm, not only considered self individual extremal and overall situation extremal information, but also the information that other particles contained, which changed the unidirectional search in PSO algorithm into Multi-directional search, even improved the search accuracy. According to the convergence analysis, reaching the condition of ensuring the overall situation converges. Therefore the MDSPSO algorithm can converge fairly up to optimum result under the control of parameter in appropriate optional algorithm. By using the MDSPSO algorithm in SMT automatic optical inspection path planning, simulate result shows that, not only MDSPSO algorithm has merits of height accuracy and quick convergence speed, but also the quantity of inspecting windows of the path planning is the fewest in this algorithm and the inspecting route is the shortest.
3D terrestrial LIDAR classifications with super-voxels and multi-scale Conditional Random Fields
Authors: Ee Hui Lim, David Suter
Venue: Computer-Aided Design (2009)

In this paper, we propose a new method for 3D terrestrial laser range data classifications. This functions as the first step towards virtual city model reconstructions from range data and is particularly useful for scene understanding. Classification of the outdoor terrestrial range data into different data types (for example, building surface, vegetation and terrain) is challenging due to certain properties of the data: occlusions due to obstructions, density variation due to different distances of the scanned object from the laser scanner, multiple multi-structure objects and cluttered vegetation. Also, the range data acquired are massive in size and require a lot of computation and memory. Recognizing the redundancy of labeling every individual data, we propose over-segmenting the raw data into adaptive support regions: super-voxels. The super-voxels are computed using 3D scale theory and adapt to the above-mentioned range data properties. Colors and reflectance intensity acquired from the scanner system are combined with geometry features (saliency features and normals) that are extracted from the super-voxels, to form the feature descriptors for the supervised learning model. We proposed using the discriminative Conditional Random Fields for the classification problem and modified the model to incorporate multi-scales for super-voxel labeling. We validated our proposed strategy with synthetic data and real-world outdoor LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) data acquired from a Riegl LMS-Z420i terrestrial laser scanner. The results showed great improvement in the training and inference rate while maintaining comparable classification accuracy with previous approaches.
Working collaboratively in small groups supported by KnowCat system: incidence on self-regulated learning processes
Authors: Manoli Pifarré, Ruth Cobos
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Computer supported collaborative learning - Volume 1 (2009)

The aim of this research study was to examine the development of higher students' self-regulated processes after their participation in a specific CSCL system called KnowCat. Twenty-six university students participated in a 6-month learning project. During this period KnowCat learning environment was used to support scaffolding process among students in small group collaborative work. In the research study students' scaffolding processes in the different small groups were analyzed qualitatively. The results obtained in this study showed small group interaction patterns appeared while their members were working together throughout the instructional process supported by KnowCat. These interaction patters were related with an increasing number of self-regulated processes, specially planning, asking for clarification and monitoring skills.
Revisiting multi-tape automata for semitic morphological analysis and generation
Authors: Mans Hulden
Venue: Proceedings of the EACL 2009 Workshop on Computational Approaches to Semitic Languages (2009)

Various methods have been devised to produce morphological analyzers and generators for Semitic languages, ranging from methods based on widely used finite-state technologies to very specific solutions designed for a specific language or problem. Since the earliest proposals of how to adopt the elsewhere successful finite-state methods to root-and-pattern morphologies, the solution of encoding Semitic grammars using multi-tape automata has resurfaced on a regular basis. Multi-tape automata, however, require specific algorithms and reimplementation of finite-state operators across the board, and hence such technology has not been readily available to linguists. This paper, using an actual Arabic grammar as a case study, describes an approach to encoding multi-tape automata on a single tape that can be implemented using any standard finite-automaton toolkit.
Interpreting a Successful Testing Process: Risk and Actual Coverage
Authors: Mariëlle Stoelinga, Mark Timmer
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Third IEEE International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Software Engineering (2009)

Testing is inherently incomplete; no test suite will ever be able to test all possible usage scenarios of a system. It is therefore vital to assess the implication of a system passing a test suite. This paper quantifies that implication by means of two distinct, but related, measures: the risk quantifies the confidence in a system after it passes a test suite, i.e., the number of faults still expected to be present (weighted by their severity); the actual coverage quantifies the extent to which faults have been shown absent, i.e., the fraction of possible faults that has been covered. We provide evaluation algorithms that calculate these metrics for a given test suite, as well as optimisation algorithms that yield the best test suite for a given optimisation criterion.
Buckwalter-based lookup tool as language resource for Arabic language learners
Authors: Jeffrey Micher, Clare R. Voss
Venue: Software Engineering, Testing, and Quality Assurance for Natural Language Processing (2008)

The morphology of the Arabic language is rich and complex; words are inflected to express variations in tense-aspect, person, number, and gender, while they may also appear with clitics attached to express possession on nouns, objects on verbs and prepositions, and conjunctions. Furthermore, Arabic script allows the omission of short vowel diacritics. For the Arabic language learner trying to understand non-diacritized text, the challenge when reading new vocabulary is first to isolate individual words within text tokens and then to determine the underlying lemma and root forms to look up the word in an Arabic dictionary.
Logic-Statistic Models with Constraints for Biological Sequence Analysis
Authors: Christian Theil Have
Venue: Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Logic Programming (2009)

This project aims to investigate biologically inspired, logic-statistic models with constraints. The complexity and expressiveness of models with different kinds of constraints will be examined and algorithms to efficiently cope with inference in and training of such models will be explored. The models will be evaluated with regards to their applicability to biological sequence analysis. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Finding Entities in Wikipedia Using Links and Categories
Authors: Rianne Kaptein, Jaap Kamps
Venue: Advances in Focused Retrieval: 7th International Workshop of the Initiative for the Evaluation of XML Retrieval, INEX 2008, Dagstuhl Castle, Germany, December 15-18, 2008. Revised and Selected Papers (2009)

In this paper we describe our participation in the INEX Entity Ranking track. We explored the relations between Wikipedia pages, categories and links. Our approach is to exploit both category and link information. Category information is used by calculating distances between document categories and target categories. Link information is used for relevance propagation and in the form of a document link prior. Both sources of information have value, but using category information leads to the biggest improvements.
A Similarity Measure for Vision-Based Sign Recognition
Authors: Haijing Wang, Alexandra Stefan, Vassilis Athitsos
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Part III: Applications and Services (2009)

When we encounter an English word that we do not understand, we can look it up in a dictionary. However, when an American Sign Language (ASL) user encounters an unknown sign, looking up the meaning of that sign is not a straightforward process. It has been recently proposed that this problem can be addressed using a computer vision system that helps users look up the meaning of a sign. In that approach, sign lookup can be treated as a video database retrieval problem. When the user encounters an unknown sign, the user provides a video example of that sign as a query, so as to retrieve the most similar signs in the database. A necessary component of such a sign lookup system is a similarity measure for comparing sign videos. Given a query video of a specific sign, the similarity measure should assign high similarity values to videos from the same sign, and low similarity values to videos from other signs. This paper evaluates a state-of-the-art video-based similarity measure called Dynamic Space-Time Warping (DSTW) for the purposes of sign retrieval. The paper also discusses how to specifically adapt DSTW so as to tolerate differences in translation and scale.
Testing and validating frames for online organizations
Authors: Lisa Scherff, Josie Prado, Nancy Robb Singer
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Computer supported collaborative learning - Volume 1 (2009)

In this paper we suggest that online environments can function as alternate "organizations" for pre-service and beginning teachers who may find themselves struggling in schools. Building on prior work on framing and reframing in organizations and schools, the authors present a new frame of analysis specifically geared for web-based learning/support communities. Data consist of transcripts from three forms of online discourse--an email listserv, an electronic discussion board, and a course-related wiki--from three groups of preservice secondary teachers (grades 6-12) located in three U.S. states. The development and testing of the new frame and its potential use is relevant for teachers, teacher educators, and school administrators.
Research on Fuzzy-Driven Spatial Information Workflow
Authors: Li ShengWen, Wu XinCai, Zhou ShunPing, Gong JunFang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Environmental Science and Information Application Technology - Volume 03 (2009)

The workflow system exists in many widely-used geographic information system and it is important to meet users requirements on quality of service flexibly. So it become a key problem that how construct spatial information workflow platform and how scheduling workflow base on spatial information intelligently. This paper proposes a workflow scheduling algorithm based on fuzzy theory which can evaluate the uncertain spatial information and the fuzzy information of the workflow instance context, and offer an intelligent schedule so as to organize and assign resource more effectively around the users’ demand. This algorithm has been applied successfully in the new GIS platform--MapGIS 7.0.
A Study on Real-Virtual Interaction Method for Production Scheduling Using Model Plant
Authors: Yi Qian, Nobutada Fujii, Toshiya Kaihara
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Industrial Applications of Holonic and Multi-Agent Systems: Holonic and Multi-Agent Systems for Manufacturing (2009)

There is a great deal of external fluctuation such as order change or delayed delivery of materials, and uncertain components such as machine trouble or process delay in the real shop floor. It is difficult to execute real production according to the schedule which is established in advance. Therefore, a new production scheduling technique which can consider both external fluctuation and uncertain component existing in the real shop floor is required. In this paper, a real-virtual interaction method for production scheduling is proposed, which can adaptively and effectively consider both dynamic external fluctuation and uncertain component by using model plant in the real system and computer simulation in the virtual system to interact with each other. The effectiveness of real-virtual interaction method is verified by experiments on flow shop problem.
Hints in Unification
Authors: Andrea Asperti, Wilmer Ricciotti, Claudio Sacerdoti Coen, Enrico Tassi
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Theorem Proving in Higher Order Logics (2009)

Several mechanisms such as Canonical Structures [14], Type Classes [13,16], or Pullbacks [10] have been recently introduced with the aim to improve the power and flexibility of the type inference algorithm for interactive theorem provers. We claim that all these mechanisms are particular instances of a simpler and more general technique, just consisting in providing suitable hints to the unification procedure underlying type inference. This allows a simple, modular and not intrusive implementation of all the above mentioned techniques, opening at the same time innovative and unexpected perspectives on its possible applications.
Large-scale computation of distributional similarities for queries
Authors: Enrique Alfonseca, Keith Hall, Silvana Hartmann
Venue: Proceedings of Human Language Technologies: The 2009 Annual Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Companion Volume: Short Papers (2009)

We present a large-scale, data-driven approach to computing distributional similarity scores for queries. We contrast this to recent web-based techniques which either require the offline computation of complete phrase vectors, or an expensive on-line interaction with a search engine interface. Independent of the computational advantages of our approach, we show empirically that our technique is more effective at ranking query alternatives that the computationally more expensive technique of using the results from a web search engine.
Reliability Analysis of an Axis-Line Measuring and Management Decision-Making System for Rotary Kiln
Authors: Xuejun Li, Guangfu Bin, B. S. Dhillon, Pingyu Zhu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation - Volume 03 (2009)

A rotary kiln measuring and management decision-making system can be quickly carried out the running axis-line measuring and analysis of the working state to meet the demands of safety and health operation, which has been very good application in metallurgy, cement, and chemical industries taken rotary kiln as the key equipment. However, due to the affection of random or uncertain factors such as design, manufacture, installation, and human operation, the reliability of measuring and analytical instruments is directly related to the functions of system, and has attracted of increasing attentions by engineers. In this paper, based on mechanical system reliability theory, and an axis-line measuring and management decision-making system for rotary kiln health maintenance used in the Hunan Shaofeng Cement Group Co.,Ltd. is taken as an example. The configuration and operation principles of measuring system are presented. The possible failure modes of the system including of mechanical and electrical components, such as the probe of sensor fault, unsmooth magnetic-absorption motherboard, weak weld, software fault, and operating error, are analyzed by using method of Fault Tree Analysis (FTA). The measuring unit, management unit, and human operating factors are examined according to the characteristics of system structure and performances, which will be useful to ensure that the measuring and management decision-making system works effectively.
A Bisection-Like Algorithm for Branch Switching at a Simple Branch Point
Authors: J. Hughes, M. Friedman
Venue: Journal of Scientific Computing (2009)

At a Simple Branch Point x 0 of a parameter-dependent nonlinear system, two distinct solutions branches S 1 and S 2 intersect. A popular method of branch switching from S 1 to S 2 at x 0 is to use an orthogonal vector to the tangent vector to S 1 at x 0 as an initial guess for the tangent vector to S 2 at x 0. We describe an improved version of this method using a bisection-like procedure, which is especially useful for large problems.
Reducing Healthcare Costs with Wireless Technology
Authors: Alf Helge Omre
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Sixth International Workshop on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (2009)

By the innovative application of body worn Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) patients could avoid or reduce hospital stays while still being in constant contact with their healthcare providers. However, while wireless technology is far advanced it has yet to be accepted by the medical sector, primarily through concerns of cost, reliability and interoperability. Bluetooth low energy meets all of these requirements and has the added advantage that it will be able to communicate with the Bluetooth chips likely to be fitted to the next generation of mobile phones. That means patient data could be transmitted to a medical facility via the cellular network eliminating the need to build expensive specialised communication links. But while Bluetooth low energy specification promises much, there are some technical challenges – such as protection of privacy - to overcome. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Power Dissipation of the Network-on-Chip in Multi-Processor System-on-Chip Dedicated for Video Coding Applications
Authors: Dragomir Milojevic, Luc Montperrus, Diederik Verkest
Venue: Journal of Signal Processing Systems (2009)

In the near future, small electronic hand-held devices will be equipped with digital cameras capable of acquiring high resolution images (HDTV) at real-time rates, resulting in video streams of dozens of megabytes per second. The real-time video decoding and especially encoding of such streams with AVC/ H.264 or SVC standards require a huge amount of computing power that, in the case of a hand-held device, has to be delivered under the constraint of low power dissipation. In this paper we present a Multi-Processor System-on-Chip dedicated for high performance, low-power video coding applications using Network-on-Chip (NoC) as communication infrastructure. Extensive experiments have established the power dissipation models of individual NoC components, i.e. network interfaces, routers and wires. Based on these models and the NoC topology, we build the power model of the complete NoC. For three different implementation scenarios of the AVC/H.264 simple profile encoder we derive the power dissipation of the NoC for image resolutions up to HDTV at rate of 30 frames per second. The results obtained show that for the same application mapping scenario (worst case), moving from CIF to HDTV resolution will result in a 35% increase of the total power dissipation. Finally, for HDTV resolution, the difference in power dissipation between the worst (21 mW) and the best case application mapping scenario is 26%.