ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Outclassing Wikipedia in open-domain information extraction: weakly-supervised acquisition of attributes over conceptual hierarchies
Authors: Marius Paşca
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (2009)

A set of labeled classes of instances is extracted from text and linked into an existing conceptual hierarchy. Besides a significant increase in the coverage of the class labels assigned to individual instances, the resulting resource of labeled classes is more effective than similar data derived from the manually-created Wikipedia, in the task of attribute extraction over conceptual hierarchies.
Real-Time GPU-Based Voxel Carving with Systematic Occlusion Handling
Authors: Alexander Schick, Rainer Stiefelhagen
Venue: Proceedings of the 31st DAGM Symposium on Pattern Recognition (2009)

We present an approach to compute the visual hulls of multiple people in real-time in the presence of occlusions. We prove that the resulting visual hulls are correct and minimal under occlusions. Our proposed algorithm runs completely on the GPU with framerates up to 50fps for multiple people using only one computer equipped with off-the-shelf hardware. We also compare runtimes for different graphic chips and show that our approach scales very well without additional effort. Comparison to other work shows that our algorithm is as fast as state-of-the-art technology. The resulting visual hulls can be the basis for a wide range of algorithms that require a robust voxel representation as input.
A knowledge-based approach to network security: applying Cyc in the domain of network risk assessment
Authors: Blake Shepard, Cynthia Matuszek, C. Bruce Fraser, William Wechtenhiser, David Crabbe, Zelal Güngördü, John Jantos, Todd Hughes, Larry Lefkowitz, Michael Witbrock, Doug Lenat, Erik Larson
Venue: Proceedings of the 17th conference on Innovative applications of artificial intelligence - Volume 3 (2005)

CycSecure™ is a network risk assessment and network monitoring application that relies on knowledge-based artificial intelligence technologies to improve on traditional network vulnerability assessment. CycSecure integrates public reports of software faults from online databases, data gathered automatically from computers on a network and hand-ontologized information about computers and computer networks. This information is stored in the Cyc® knowledge base (KB) and reasoned about by the Cyc inference engine and planner to provide detailed analyses of the security (and vulnerability) of networks.
Application of Intelligent Control in Spraying Pesticide Simulation System
Authors: Xu Chengzhi, Liu Pingzeng, Hou Yingkun, Xu Jian, Bai Xueming
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 WRI Global Congress on Intelligent Systems - Volume 02 (2009)

An intelligent control simulation system for spraying pesticide is proposed based on configuration embedded software research. In system design, a number of information collection terminals linking to upper-computer through a dedicated NC system constitute the information collection wireless network. In information collection terminal design, we make full use of modular structure design methods. Intelligent control systems with various functions can be easily obtained by combining upper-computer with different functional modules.
A 3D Scanner for Transparent Glass
Authors: Gonen Eren, Olivier Aubreton, Fabrice Meriaudeau, L. A. Sanchez Secades, David Fofi, A. Teoman Naskali, Frederic Truchetet, Aytul Ercil
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing (2009)

Many practical tasks in industry, such as automatic inspection or robot vision, often require the scanning of three-dimensional shapes by use of non-contact techniques. However, few methods have been proposed to measure three-dimensional shapes of transparent objects because of the difficulty of dealing with transparency and specularity of the surface. This paper presents a 3D scanner for transparent glass objects based on Scanning From Heating (SFH), a new method that makes use of local surface heating and thermal imaging.
Some Morphological Operators in Graph Spaces
Authors: Jean Cousty, Laurent Najman, Jean Serra
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Mathematical Morphology and Its Application to Signal and Image Processing (2009)

We study some basic morphological operators acting on the lattice of all subgraphs of a (non-weighted) graph $\mathbb{G}$. To this end, we consider two dual adjunctions between the edge set and the vertex set of $\mathbb{G}$. This allows us (i) to recover the classical notion of a dilation/erosion of a subset of the vertices of $\mathbb{G}$ and (ii) to extend it to subgraphs of $\mathbb{G}$. Afterward, we propose several new erosions, dilations, granulometries and alternate filters acting (i) on the subsets of the edge and vertex set of $\mathbb{G}$ and (ii) on the subgraphs of $\mathbb{G}$.
Influences of Telops on Television Audiences' Interpretation
Authors: Hidetsugu Suto, Hiroshi Kawakami, Osamu Katai
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Part III: Ubiquitous and Intelligent Interaction (2009)

The influence of text information, known as "telops," on the viewers of television programs is discussed. In recent television programs, textual information, i.e., captions and subtitles, is abundant. Production of a television program is facilitated by using telops, and therefore, the main reason for using this information is the producers' convenience. However, the effect on audiences cannot be disregarded when thinking about the influence of media on humans' lives. In this paper, channel theory and situation theory are introduced, and channel theory is expanded in order to represent the mental states and attitudes of an audience. Furthermore, the influence of telops is considered by using a scene of a quiz show as an example. Some assumptions are proposed based on the considerations, and experiments are carried out in order to verify the assumptions.
Scheduling Recurrent Precedence-Constrained Task Graphs on a Symmetric Shared-Memory Multiprocessor
Authors: Umamaheswari C. Devi
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th International Euro-Par Conference on Parallel Processing (2009)

We consider approaches that allow task migration for scheduling recurrent directed-acyclic-graph (DAG) tasks on symmetric, shared-memory multiprocessors (SMPs) in order to meet a given throughput requirement with fewer processors. Within the scheduling approach proposed, we present a heuristic based on grouping DAG subtasks for lowering the end-to-end latency and an algorithm for computing an upper bound on latency. Unlike prior work, the purpose of the grouping here is not to map the subtask groups to physical processors, but to generate aggregated entities, each of which can be treated as a single schedulable unit to lower latency. Evaluation using synthetic task sets shows that our approach can lower processor needs considerably while incurring only a modest increase in latency. In contrast to the work presented herein, most prior work on scheduling recurrent DAGs has been for distributed-memory multiprocessors, and has therefore mostly been concerned with statically mapping DAG subtasks to processors.
Symbolic preference using simple scoring
Authors: Paula S. Newman
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Parsing Technologies (2007)

Despite the popularity of stochastic parsers, symbolic parsing still has some advantages, but is not practical without an effective mechanism for selecting among alternative analyses. This paper describes the symbolic preference system of a hybrid parser that combines a shallow parser with an overlay parser that builds on the chunks. The hybrid currently equals or exceeds most stochastic parsers in speed and is approaching them in accuracy. The preference system is novel in using a simple, three-valued scoring method (-1, 0, or +1) for assigning preferences to constituents viewed in the context of their containing constituents. The approach addresses problems associated with earlier preference systems, and has considerably facilitated development. It is ultimately based on viewing preference scoring as an engineering mechanism, and only indirectly related to cognitive principles or corpus-based frequencies.
Building knowledge online: master students' use and evaluation of wiki and forum
Authors: Carmen Lebherz, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Klaus Jonas
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th international conference on International conference for the learning sciences - Volume 3 (2008)

In two Master classes (N = 40), wiki and forum were used to share resources, give and receive feedback, and collaborate on a glossary. Online surveys sent to students quantified the use of different wiki features. Mid-term, end-of-term, and 1-year follow-up survey data show which elements were used most at what point in time. Use of materials, especially of the collaboratively built glossary, was still active one year after the class had ended. In sum, the knowledge built online during class was evaluated positively by students and was used well beyond the class itself.
The Study on the Relationship between Energy Consumption and Economy Growth in China Based on VAR Model
Authors: He-rui Cui, Di Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 First International Workshop on Database Technology and Applications (2009)

Energy is the basis of the human existence and social activities, the development of every country needs the support which is supplied by energy. Energy is the development of the national economy and is a necessary and important material foundation to people's livelihood, it is also extremely important to social development and the improvement of people's living standards. Studying the relationship between China's energy consumption and economy growth has an important theoretical and practical significance. In this paper, we use ADF test to test the stationary of energy consumption and GDP based on the data from 1990 to 2006, establish VAR model, then forecast and analysis the impulse response, lastly, use Granger causality test to determine the relationship between energy consumption and economy growth.
Advanced Perceptual User Interfaces: Applications for Disabled and Elderly People
Authors: Francisco J. López
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th IFIP TC 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Part II (2009)

The research of new human-computer interfaces has become a growing field in computer science, which aims to attain the development of more natural, intuitive, unobtrusive and efficient interfaces. This objective has come up with the concept of Perceptual User Interfaces (PUIs) that are turning out to be very popular as they seek to make the user interface more natural and compelling by taking advantage of the ways in which people naturally interact with each other and with the world. PUIs can use speech and sound recognition and generation, computer vision, graphical animation and visualization, language understanding, touch-based sensing and feedback (haptics), learning, user modeling and dialog management.
Augmented reality in-situ 3D model menu for outdoors
Authors: Thuong N. Hoang, Bruce H. Thomas
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (2008)

We present a design and implementation of an in-situation menu system for loading and visualising 3D models in a physical world context. The menu system uses 3D objects as menu items, and the whole menu is placed within the context of the augmented environment. The use of 3D objects supports the visualisation and placement of 3D models into the augmented world. The menu system employs techniques for the placement of 3D models in two relative coordinate systems: head relative and world relative.
Optical characteristics of Si/SiO2 multilayers prepared by magnetron sputtering
Authors: Hong Xiao, Shihua Huang, Jufang Zheng, Guanqun Xie, Yunlong Xie
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2009)

Si/SiO"2 multilayers have been successfully prepared by magnetron sputtering and subsequently thermal annealed in an Ar atmosphere at a temperature of more than 500^oC. The surface of the as-deposited films is compact and smooth, and the distribution of grain size estimated to be 20nm is uniform. For Si/SiO"2 multilayers annealed at 1100^oC, the Si sublayer sandwiched between potential barrier SiO"2 is crystalline structure by means of the analysis of Raman spectra and XRD data. The visible PL peak accompanying to a blue-shift with the decrease of Si sublayer thickness has been observed, and the intensity of this peak enhances with the increase of annealing temperature. The visible luminescence properties of Si/SiO"2 multilayers can be ascribed to quantum confinement of electron-hole pairs in quantum wells with grain size lower than 4.5nm. In Si/SiO"2 multilayers, not only quantum confinement but also Si-SiO"2 interface states play an important role in the optical transition. The PL peak located at 779nm is independent of the thickness of Si sublayer, so it may be ascribed to interface mediated transition. Typical Si dangling bonds defect could be a dominating obstacle to high luminescence efficiencies.
A hybrid approach to domino portrait generation
Authors: Hadrien Cambazard, John Horan, Eoin O'Mahony, Barry O'Sullivan
Venue: Proceedings of the 23rd national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 3 (2008)

A domino portrait is an approximation of an image using a given number of sets of dominoes. This problem was first stated in 1981. Domino portraits have been generated most often using integer linear programming techniques that provide optimal solutions, but these can be slow and do not scale well. We demonstrate a new approach that overcomes these limitations and provides high quality portraits. Our software combines techniques from operations research, artificial intelligence, and computer vision. Starting from a randomly generated template of blank domino shapes, a subsequent optimal placement of dominoes can be achieved in constant time when the problem is viewed as a minimum cost flow. The domino portraits one obtains are good, but not as visually attractive as optimal ones. Combining techniques from computer vision and local search we can improve our portraits to be visually indistinguishable from those generated optimally.
Non-intrusive Personalisation of the Museum Experience
Authors: Fabian Bohnert, Ingrid Zukerman
Venue: Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on User Modeling, Adaptation, and Personalization: formerly UM and AH (2009)

The vast amount of information presented in museums is often overwhelming to a visitor, making it difficult to select personally interesting exhibits. Advances in mobile computing and user modelling have made possible technology that can assist a visitor in this selection process. Such a technology can (1) utilise non-intrusive observations of a visitor's behaviour in the physical space to learn a model of his/her interests, and (2) generate personalised exhibit recommendations based on interest predictions. Due to the physicality of the domain, datasets of visitors' behaviour (i.e. visitor pathways) are difficult to obtain prior to deploying mobile technology in a museum. However, they are necessary to assess different modelling techniques. This paper reports on a methodology that we used to conduct a manual data collection, and describes the dataset we obtained. We also present two collaborative models for predicting a visitor's viewing times of unseen exhibits from his/her viewing times at visited exhibits (viewing time is indicative of interest), and evaluate our models with the dataset we collected. Both models achieve a higher predictive accuracy than a non-personalised baseline.
Mapping genre fields
Authors: David M. Christensen, Jennifer deWinter, Ryan M. Moeller, Lee M. Sherlock
Venue: Proceedings of the 27th ACM international conference on Design of communication (2009)

This workshop will introduce the components and methodology of genre field analysis and engage participants in mapping genre fields in which they are currently immersed.
A Robot Localization Method Based on Laser Scan Matching
Authors: David Sandberg, Krister Wolff, Mattias Wahde
Venue: Proceedings of the FIRA RoboWorld Congress 2009 on Advances in Robotics (2009)

The problem of robot localization has been considered for applications (such as, for example, transportation and delivery) where the robot is given, a priori, a map of the arena in which it is operating. A localization method based on laser scan matching is described, in which localization is carried out using a simple stochastic search algorithm. The results from multiple experiments show that the proposed method can correct position errors of up to 0.7 m and, more importantly, also can correct errors in heading angle, thus achieving negligible heading errors in most cases.
MWEs as non-propositional content indicators
Authors: Kosho Shudo, Toshifumi Tanabe, Masahito Takahashi, Kenji Yoshimura
Venue: Proceedings of the Workshop on Multiword Expressions: Integrating Processing (2004)

We report that a proper employment of MWEs concerned enables us to put forth a tractable framework, which is based on a multiple nesting of semantic operations, for the processing of non-inferential, Non-propositional Contents (NPCs) of natural Japanese sentences. Our framework is characterized by its broad syntactic and semantic coverage, enabling us to deal with multiply composite modalities and their semantic/pragmatic similarity. Also, the relationship between indirect (Searle, 1975) and direct speech, and equations peculiar to modal logic and its family (Mally, 1926; Prior, 1967) are treated in the similarity paradigm.
Performance-Based Usability Testing: Metrics That Have the Greatest Impact for Improving a System's Usability
Authors: Robert W. Bailey, Cari A. Wolfson, Janice Nall, Sanjay Koyani
Venue: Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Human Centered Design: Held as Part of HCI International 2009 (2009)

Usability testing methods and results have evolved over the last 35 years. With new advancements being introduced every year, it is important to understand the present state of the field and opportunities for further improvement. This paper will detail the research-based methods and metrics which are being used to ensure that usability recommendations are data-driven and performance-based. By focusing on the types of usability metrics being captured during usability tests, we will attempt to illustrate how usability researchers can quantifiably measure the performance of a system, use these measurements to make meaningful changes, and subsequently illustrate the improvements in user effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction.
Enhancing the Performance of Centroid Classifier by ECOC and Model Refinement
Authors: Songbo Tan, Gaowei Wu, Xueqi Cheng
Venue: Proceedings of the European Conference on Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases: Part II (2009)

With the aim of improving the performance of centroid text classifier, we attempt to make use of the advantages of Error-Correcting Output Codes (ECOC) strategy. The framework is to decompose one multi-class problem into multiple binary problems and then learn the individual binary classification problems by centroid classifier. However, this kind of decomposition incurs considerable bias for centroid classifier, which results in noticeable degradation of performance for centroid classifier. In order to address this issue, we use Model-Refinement strategy to adjust this so-called bias. The basic idea is to take advantage of misclassified examples in the training data to iteratively refine and adjust the centroids of text data. The experimental results reveal that Model-Refinement strategy can dramatically decrease the bias introduced by ECOC, and the combined classifier is comparable to or even better than SVM classifier in performance.
Models for patch-based image restoration
Authors: Mithun Das Gupta, Shyamsundar Rajaram, Nemanja Petrovic, Thomas S. Huang
Venue: Journal on Image and Video Processing (2009)

We present a supervised learning approach for object-category specific restoration, recognition, and segmentation of images which are blurred using an unknown kernel. The novelty of this work is a multilayer graphical model which unifies the low-level vision task of restoration and the high-level vision task of recognition in a cooperative framework. The graphical model is an interconnected two-layer Markov random field. The restoration layer accounts for the compatibility between sharp and blurred images and models the association between adjacent patches in the sharp image. The recognition layer encodes the entity class and its location in the underlying scene. The potentials are represented using nonparametric kernel densities and are learnt from training data. Inference is performed using nonparametric belief propagation. Experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our model for the restoration and recognition of blurred license plates as well as face images.
SemFeel: a user interface with semantic tactile feedback for mobile touch-screen devices
Authors: Koji Yatani, Khai Nhut Truong
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology (2009)

One of the challenges with using mobile touch-screen devices is that they do not provide tactile feedback to the user. Thus, the user is required to look at the screen to interact with these devices. In this paper, we present SemFeel, a tactile feedback system which informs the user about the presence of an object where she touches on the screen and can offer additional semantic information about that item. Through multiple vibration motors that we attached to the backside of a mobile touch-screen device, SemFeel can generate different patterns of vibration, such as ones that flow from right to left or from top to bottom, to help the user interact with a mobile device. Through two user studies, we show that users can distinguish ten different patterns, including linear patterns and a circular pattern, at approximately 90% accuracy, and that SemFeel supports accurate eyes-free interactions.
Toward foundations for type-reflective metaprogramming
Authors: Ronald Garcia, Andrew Lumsdaine
Venue: Proceedings of the eighth international conference on Generative programming and component engineering (2009)

C++ template metaprogramming has been used with great success to build software applications and libraries. In practice, however, template metaprogramming suffers usability, reliability, and capability shortcomings, and it is not well understood in theory. Template metaprogramming has these problems because it relies on emergent properties of disparate language features that were tailored to other purposes. As a step toward solid and sound language support for metaprogramming, this paper establishes firm semantic foundations for select capabilities of template metaprogramming. We analyze C++ and the idioms of template metaprogramming and isolate, in a language-neutral fashion, fundamental capabilities of C++ that enable metaprogramming. Guided by this analysis, we present a design for a core calculus that directly expresses fundamental metaprogramming capabilities, including static computation, code generation, and type reflection. We prove a typesafety property for compile-time evaluation of metaprograms. To formally connect the core calculus to programming practice, we present a more convenient surface language for metaprogramming. Its semantics are captured by type-directed translation to the core calculus. We prove that this translation preserves well-typing. This idealized presentation averts some of the shortcomings of C++ template metaprogramming and provides a framework for further study.