ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Circuits and Applications Using Silicon Heterostructure Devices, 1st edition
Authors: John D. Cressler
Venue:  (2007)

No matter how you slice it, semiconductor devices power the communications revolution. Skeptical? Imagine for a moment that you could flip a switch and instantly remove all the integrated circuits from planet Earth. A moments reflection would convince you that there is not a single field of human endeavor that would not come to a grinding halt, be it commerce, agriculture, education, medicine, or entertainment. Life, as we have come to expect it, would simply cease to exist. Drawn from the comprehensive and well-reviewed Silicon Heterostructure Handbook, this volume covers SiGe circuit applications in the real world. Edited by John D. Cressler, with contributions from leading experts in the field, this book presents a broad overview of the merits of SiGe for emerging communications systems. Coverage spans new techniques for improved LNA design, RF to millimeter-wave IC design, SiGe MMICs, SiGe Millimeter-Wave ICs, and wireless building blocks using SiGe HBTs. The book provides a glimpse into the future, as envisioned by industry leaders. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Optimization and Execution of Complex Scientific Queries over Uncorrelated Experimental Data
Authors: Ruslan Fomkin, Tore Risch
Venue: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management (2009)

Scientific experiments produce large volumes of data represented as complex objects that describe independent events such as particle collisions. Scientific analyses can be expressed as queries selecting objects that satisfy complex local conditions over properties of each object. The conditions include joins, aggregate functions, and numerical computations. Traditional query processing where data is loaded into a database does not perform well, since it takes time and space to load and index data. Therefore, we developed SQISLE to efficiently process in one pass large queries selecting complex objects from sources. Our contributions include runtime query optimization strategies, which during query execution collect runtime query statistics, reoptimize the query using collected statistics, and dynamically switch optimization strategies. Furthermore, performance is improved by query rewrites, temporary view materializations, and compile time evaluation of query fragments. We demonstrate that queries in SQISLE perform close to hard-coded C++ implementations of the same analyses.
The Design of a Collaborative Learning Environment in a Mobile Technology Supported Classroom: Concept of Fraction Equivalence
Authors: Siu Cheung Kong
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on Learning by Effective Utilization of Technologies: Facilitating Intercultural Understanding (2006)

Knowledge of fraction equivalence is fundamental for building knowledge of fractions. This study aims to design a collaborative learning environment for developing the concept of fraction equivalence in classroom settings. According to the cognitive conflict theory, the key for developing a concept is to arouse a strong interest or an appropriate level of anxiety in learners in recognizing the anomaly clearly and reappraising the cognitive conflict situation deeply. A mobile learning environment for collaborative engagement is created in this study to encourage the resolution of cognitive conflict. Two situations are designed to stimulate reflection of learners about the concept of fraction equivalence: one is triggered by the anomaly between the learning peers and the other is triggered by the anomaly between the learner and the computer system, which has the authority of correctness in the situation. Two pedagogical tools for encouraging reciprocal tutoring in the collaborative learning environment are elaborated.
Identifying "Promising" internet business applications using artificial neural networks
Authors: Maitrei Kohli
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th WSEAS international conference on Artificial intelligence, knowledge engineering and data bases (2009)

Now a day's almost all companies, no matter big or small, have their website. This website may either be only for promotional purposes i.e. "passive" or it might also incorporate certain online features which tend to make it "active". Presently the number and the diversity of internet applications are huge and still growing very fast. Any business website ensuring issues of "security" and "user interaction" will surely be successful in achieving its g?al - increased online business. This would in turn make this particular site "Promising" for both the end users and the firm to which it belongs. In this paper, we present an approach wherein we are creating a web portal, which is in process of being filled with "Promising" internet business applications. The purpose of this Internet Business Portal (IBP) is to document the state-of-the-art of business web use, with a focus on business-to-business and business-to-consumer applications. Neural networks are attractive for classification problems because they are capable to learn from noisy data and to generalize. In this paper the multi-layer perceptron, modular neural networks are being considered. An accuracy of 84 % was obtained.
Opportunistic spectrum access in cognitive radio networks: when to turn off the spectrum sensors
Authors: Dan Xu, Xin Liu
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th Annual International Conference on Wireless Internet (2008)

In cognitive radio networks, spectrum sensing is a critical to both protecting the primary users and creating spectrum access opportunities of secondary users. Channel sensing itself, including active probing and passive listening, often incurs cost, in terms of time overhead, energy consumption, or intrusion to primary users. It is thus not desirable to sense the channel arbitrarily. In this paper, we are motivated to consider the following problem. A secondary user, equipped with spectrum sensors, dynamically accesses a channel. If it transmits without/with colliding with primary users, a certain reward/penalty is obtained. If it senses the channel, accurate channel information is obtained, but a given channel sensing cost incurs. The third option for the user is to turn off the sensor/transmitter and go to sleep mode, where no cost/gain incurs. So when should the secondary user transmit, sense, or sleep, to maximize the total gain? We derive the optimal transmitting, sensing, and sleeping structure, which is a threshold-based policy. Our work sheds light on designing sensing and transmitting scheduling protocols for cognitive radio networks, especially the in-band sensing mechanism in 802.22 networks.
Polynomial Conditional Random Fields for signal processing
Authors: Trinh-Minh-Tri Do, Thierry Artières
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on ECAI 2006: 17th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence August 29 -- September 1, 2006, Riva del Garda, Italy (2006)

We describe Polynomial Conditional Random Fields for signal processing tasks. It is a hybrid model that combines the ability of Polynomial Hidden Markov models for modeling complex dynamic signals and the discriminant power of Conditional Random Fields. We detail the learning of these models and report experimental results on handwriting recognition.
How tagging helps bridge the gap between social and technical aspects in software development
Authors: Christoph Treude, Margaret-Anne Storey
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE 31st International Conference on Software Engineering (2009)

Empirical research on collaborative software development practices indicates that technical and social aspects of software development are often intertwined. The processes followed are tacit and constantly evolving, thus not all of them are amenable to formal tool support. In this paper, we explore how “tagging”, a lightweight social computing mechanism, is used to bridge the gap between technical and social aspects of managing work items. We present the results from an empirical study on how tagging has been adopted and adapted over the past two years of a large project with 175 developers. Our research shows that the tagging mechanism was eagerly adopted by the team, and that it has become a significant part of many informal processes. Our findings indicate that lightweight informal tool support, prevalent in the social computing domain, may play an important role in improving team-based software development practices.
Automated Pressure Ulcer Lesion Diagnosis: An Initial Study
Authors: Dimitrios I. Kosmopoulos, Fotini L. Tzevelekou
Venue: Proceeding of the 2007 conference on Emerging Artificial Intelligence Applications in Computer Engineering: Real Word AI Systems with Applications in eHealth, HCI, Information Retrieval and Pervasive Technologies (2007)

The timely diagnosis and treatment of pressure ulcers is a critical task and constitutes a challenge in patient rehabilitation. In this chapter we present a preliminary study for automated pressure ulcer stage classification using standard image processing techniques and an SVM classifier. The deployment requirements, the internal architecture as well as the employed techniques are outlined. Furthermore, the preliminary processing results are provided to demonstrate the feasibility of automated classification of pressure ulcer regions in various grades. The methodology can be applied to segmentation--based image classification tasks, provided that colour and texture can give meaningful information.
Lightpath reconfiguration with traffic priority consideration
Authors: M. Sumathi, P. T. Vanathi
Venue: International Journal of Communication Networks and Distributed Systems (2009)

Optical fibre supports large bandwidth applications such as grid computing and e-science that require reliable optical paths. The network carries data belonging to these high priority applications as well as that of applications such as e-mail and file transfer protocol, which are of lower priority. The optical network is reconfigured in order to optimise the network performance, and lightpaths are setup and torn down based on the traffic flow. The lightpaths of high priority applications must not be disrupted during reconfiguration. Therefore, an algorithm is proposed for reconfiguration of an optical network, in which lightpaths are setup between node pairs carrying traffic belonging to high priority applications, on a priority basis and are not disrupted during the entire session. Simulation results show that using the proposed algorithm, the value of average weighted hop count (AWHC) is maintained at approximately one for high priority applications.
The Development and Evaluation of a Japanese Language Paper-Grading Support System for the University Level
Authors: Mio Tsubakimoto, Kanji Akahori
Venue: Proceeding of the 2005 conference on Towards Sustainable and Scalable Educational Innovations Informed by the Learning Sciences: Sharing Good Practices of Research, Experimentation and Innovation (2005)

This article describes a paper-grading support system for classes at the university level. The system was designed using the Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) technique, which was founded on the basic research of text evaluation. It is able to present a map showing the similarity/dissimilarity of contents in papers by calculating the inner product of the characteristic vectors of documents. Using the map, evaluators can evaluate the papers more efficiently because they can identify the contents and grade the papers in groups based on their similarities. This system also encourages evaluators to maintain stable standards over time. The experiment cited in this study supports the effectiveness of this system, showing the results of its application on papers submitted by students in a university lecture class.
Annotating multiple types of biomedical entities: a single word classification approach
Authors: Chih Lee, Wen-Juan Hou, Hsin-Hsi Chen
Venue: Proceedings of the International Joint Workshop on Natural Language Processing in Biomedicine and its Applications (2004)

Named entity recognition is a fundamental task in biomedical data mining. Multiple - class annotation is more challenging than single - class annotation. In this paper, we took a single word classification approach to dealing with the multiple - class annotation problem using Support Vector Machines (SVMs). Word attributes, results of existing gene/protein name taggers, context, and other information are important features for classification. During training, the size of training data and the distribution of named entities are considered. The preliminary results showed that the approach might be feasible when more training data is used to alleviate the data imbalance problem.
A Petri Net Model of Handshake Protocols
Authors: Luca Fossati, Daniele Varacca
Venue: Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science (ENTCS) (2009)

We propose a Petri net model of handshake protocols. These are asynchronous communication protocols which enforce several properties such as absence of transmission interference and insensitivity from delays of propagation on wires. We introduce the notion of handshake Petri net, a Petri net with a specific external interface. We show that the set of observable quiescent traces generated by such a net captures the properties defining a handshake protocol. Conversely we show that for any handshake protocol we can construct a corresponding net. We also study different subclasses of the model. Many examples are provided.
Estimation of drug shape in drug delivery system by simulation
Authors: Toshihide Hara, Satoshi Iriyama, Masanori Ohya
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th WSEAS international conference on Mathematics and computers in biology and chemistry (2009)

In order to realize an effective Drug Delivery System (DDS) for solid tumor, we study the most suitable shape of a drug. For this purpose, we constructed a mathematical model of drug movement in blood vessel, and made a simulation of it [1, 2]. In the model, we take into consideration a particular reaction of tumor tissues called the Enhanced Permeability and Retention effect (EPR effect) and the recognition by the reticuloendothelial system. These have not been studied mathematically yet, thus the study is especially significant for DDS. We succeeded to estimate the drug shape which is most effective for remedy of tumor. In this paper, we show some of our results of calculation.
Story Visualization of Literary Works: How a Computer Reads Shakespeare's Plays
Authors: M. Yamada, Y. Murai
Venue: Journal of Visualization (2009)

With the rapid advance in information technology, the applicability of computers has moved from the scientific field towards simulating human intelligence. We are already familiar with using computers to produce music and art and for language translation. A further use is in understanding traditional man-made products; best exemplified by literary works. In this study, we focus on enabling a computer to visualize the meaning of stories. Four world-famous plays by William Shakespeare have been chosen to demonstrate how the visualization scheme works in grasping the meaning of the stories. The scheme employs primitive keyword detection and ellipsoidal differential equations to create a visual imagery of the story. This methodology ensures uniqueness in the visualization of an individual work. In addition, color palettes obtained from pictures relevant to each story are used to enrich the consistency between the visual sense and the meaning of the story.
The social life of social networks: Facebook linkage patterns in the 2008 U.S. presidential election
Authors: Scott P. Robertson, Ravi K. Vatrapu, Richard Medina
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research: Social Networks: Making Connections between Citizens, Data and Government (2009)

This paper examines the linkage patterns of people who posted links on the Facebook "walls" of Barack Obama, Hillary Clinton, and John McCain over two years prior to the 2008 U.S. Presidential election. Linkage patterns indicate the destinations to which participants in these social networking dialogues wished to send other participants. We show a strong integration of the Web 2.0 and new media technologies of social networking, online video, and blogs. Outside of video content, users tended to direct others to groups and applications within the Facebook community, but this homophilous behavior was more common for infrequent posters. Ten internet domains accounted for 90% of all links, and the top ten contained a mixture of news, candidate, and blog sites. We offer a discussion of the Facebook candidate walls as a public sphere for political discourse and introduce some design concepts for visualizing and navigating the walls.
Parameter estimation in a model for misclassified Markov data - a Bayesian approach
Authors: Rhonda J. Rosychuk, Shofiqul Islam
Venue: Computational Statistics Data Analysis (2009)

We estimate parameters in the context of a discrete-time hidden Markov model with two latent states and two observed states through a Bayesian approach. We provide a Gibbs sampling algorithm for longitudinal data that ensures parameter identifiability. We examine two approaches to start the algorithm for estimation. The first approach generates the initial latent data from transition probability estimates under the false assumption of perfect classification. The second approach requires an initial guess of the classification probabilities and obtains bias-adjusted approximated estimators of the latent transition probabilities based on the observed data. These probabilities are then used to generate the initial latent data set based on the observed data set. Both approaches are illustrated on medical data and the performance of estimates is examined through simulation studies. The approach using bias-adjusted estimators is the best choice of the two options, since it generates a plausible initial latent data set. Our situation is particularly applicable to diagnostic testing, where specifying the range of plausible classification rates may be more feasible than specifying initial values for transition probabilities.
Development of a methodology for automating the identification and localization of engineered components and assessment of its impact on construction craft productivity
Authors: Carlos H. Caldas
Venue:  (2008)

Even though construction components account for more than fifty percent of the total installed costs, industry practices still solely rely on the human ability to individually track thousands of these components on the site. These primitive tracking processes are inefficient, error-prone, and can significantly hinder project performance. Thus, previous research efforts observed that up to eighteen percent of craft work-hours was attributable to the unavailability of components required for installation. Recently, though, the notion that these ineffective tracking processes can highly benefit from the implementation of information technologies (IT) has gained industry acceptance. However, the reality is that this IT influence on construction performance has not yet been addressed. The objectives of this study are (1) to develop a methodology for the automated identification and localization of engineered components on large industrial projects, and (2) to assess and to quantify the impact of this automating tracking process on project performance.The identification and localization methodology is proposed based on the combination of advanced sensing devices and localization algorithms. The integration of global positioning system (GPS) and radio frequency identification (RFID) receivers facilitates a network-free data collection process capable of detecting the presence of large numbers of RFID-tagged components almost instantly. Based on the collected data, localization algorithms precisely estimate the coordinates of the tagged items. The precision of this automated approach is validated by means of lab and field experiments.Complementarily, the impact of this localization methodology on project performance was quantified during an extensive field trial on a large industrial site. For this purpose, field records from manual and automated tracking processes were collected during the trial. Then, the influence of the automated tracking process on construction performance was determined by considering the manual approach as the baseline for comparison. The results demonstrate that information technologies can significantly enhance project performance.
Beyond 3G - Bringing Networks, Terminals and the Web Together: LTE, WiMAX, IMS, 4G Devices and the Mobile Web 2.0
Authors: Martin Sauter
Venue:  (2009)

Giving a sound technical introduction to 3GPP LTE and SAE, this book explains the decisions taken during standardization while also examining the likely competition for LTE such as HSPA+ and WiMAX. As well as looking at next generation network technologies, Beyond 3G - Bringing Networks, Terminals and the Web Together describes the latest mobile device developments, voice and multimedia services and the mobile web 2.0. It considers not only how the systems, devices and software work but also the reasons behind why they are designed in this particular way. How these elements strongly influence each other is discussed as well as how network capabilities, available bandwidth, mobile device capabilities and new application concepts will shape the way we communicate in the future. This book gives an end to end introduction to wireless, from mobile software architecture to core networks, making it a valuable resource for anyone working in the industry. Examines current and next-generation network technologies such as UMTS, HSPA+, WiMAX, LTE and Wifi Analyses and explains performance and capacity in practice as well as future capacity requirements and how they can be fulfilled Introduces the reader to the current cellular telephony architecture and to voice over IP architectures such as SIP, IMS and TISPAN Looks at mobile device hardware and mobile operating system evolution Encompasses all major global wireless standards for application development and the latest state of the mobile web 2.0
Technical Note---A Note on “The Censored Newsvendor and the Optimal Acquisition of Information”
Authors: Alain Bensoussan, Metin Çakanyıldırım, Suresh P. Sethi
Venue: Operations Research (2009)

This paper revisits the finite-horizon model of a censored newsvendor by Ding et al. [Ding, X., M. L. Puterman, A. Bisi. 2002. The censored newsvendor and the optimal acquisition of information. Oper. Res.50 517--527]. An important result claimed there without a proper proof is that the myopic order quantity is always less than or equal to the optimal order quantity. Lu et al. [Lu, X., J. S. Song, K. Zhu. 2008. Analysis of perishable inventory systems with censored demand data. Oper. Res.56(4) 1034--1038.] supplied a correct proof of the result. We analyze the same model using the interesting concept of the unnormalized probability, which simplifies the dynamic programming equation considerably and facilitates the proof of the claim. Moreover, it produces the proof of the existence of an optimal solution for an infinite-horizon setting of the problem.