ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Semi-automating small-scale source code reuse via structural correspondence
Authors: Rylan Cottrell, Robert J. Walker, Jörg Denzinger
Venue: Proceedings of the 16th ACM SIGSOFT International Symposium on Foundations of software engineering (2008)

Developers perform small-scale reuse tasks to save time and to increase the quality of their code, but due to their small scale, the costs of such tasks can quickly outweigh their benefits. Existing approaches focus on locating source code for reuse but do not support the integration of the located code within the developer's system, thereby leaving the developer with the burden of performing integration manually. This paper presents an approach that uses the developer's context to help integrate the reused source code into the developer's own source code. The approach approximates a theoretical framework (higher-order anti-unification modulo theories), known to be undecidable in general, to determine candidate correspondences between the source code to be reused and the developer's current (incomplete) system. This approach has been implemented in a prototype tool, called Jigsaw, that identifies and evaluates candidate correspondences greedily with respect to the highest similarity. Situations involving multiple candidate correspondences with similarities above a defined threshold are presented to the developer for resolution. Two empirical evaluations were conducted: an experiment comparing the quality of Jigsaw's results against suspected cases of small-scale reuse in an industrial system; and case studies with two industrial developers to consider its practical usefulness and usability issues.
Agrometerological study of semi-arid areas: an experiment for analysing the potential of time series of FORMOSAT-2 images (Tensift-Marrakech plain)
Authors: B. Duchemin, O. Hagolle, B. Mougenot, I. Benhadj, R. Hadria, V. Simonneaux, J. Ezzahar, J. Hoedjes, S. Khabba, M. H. Kharrou, G. Boulet, G. Dedieu, S. Er-Raki, R. Escadafal, A. Olioso, A. G. Chehbouni
Venue: International Journal of Remote Sensing (2008)

Earth Observing Systems designed to provide both high spatial resolution (10 m) and high capacity of time revisit (a few days) offer strong opportunities for the management of agricultural water resources. The FORMOSAT-2 satellite is the first and only satellite with the ability to provide daily high-resolution images over a particular area with constant viewing angles. As part of the SudMed project, one of the first time series of FORMOSAT-2 images has been acquired over the semi-arid Tensift-Marrakech plain. Along with these acquisitions, an experimental data set has been collected to monitor land-cover/land-use, soil characteristics, vegetation dynamics and surface fluxes. This paper presents a first analysis of the potential of these data for agrometerological study of semi-arid areas.
Energy-Aware and Time-Critical Geo-Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Yingqi Xu, Wang-Chien Lee, Jianliang Xu, Gail Mitchell
Venue: International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks (2008)

Volunteer forwarding, as an emerging routing idea for large scale, location-aware wireless sensor networks, has recently received significant attention. However, several critical research issues raised by volunteer forwarding, including communication collisions, communication voids, and time-critical routing, have not been well addressed by the existing work. In this paper, we propose a priority-based stateless geo-routing (PSGR) protocol that addresses these issues. Based on PSGR, sensor nodes are able to locally determine their priority to serve as the next relay node using dynamically estimated network density. This effectively suppresses potential communication collisions without prolonging routing delays. PSGR also overcomes the communication void problem using two alternative stateless schemes, rebroadcast and bypass. Meanwhile, PSGR supports routing of time-critical packets with different deadline requirements at no extra communication cost. Additionally, we analyze the energy consumption and the delivery rate of PSGR as functions of the transmission range. Finally, an extensive performance evaluation has been conducted to compare PSGR with competing protocols, including GeRaf, IGF, GPSR, flooding, and MSPEED. Simulation results show that PSGR exhibits superior performance in terms of energy consumption, routing latency, and delivery rate, and soundly outperforms all of the compared protocols.
Multimedia interactive environment for study the plane analytical geometry
Authors: Anca Iordan, George Savii, Manuela Panoiu, Caius Panoiu
Venue: WSEAS Transactions on Computers (2008)

In this work will be presented the elaboration of an educational informatics system for studying plane analytical geometry elements. The achieved informatics system will be able to be used for teachning geometry, both in pre-university and in university education. Incorporating modern methods and techniques, the presented software will lead the user to obtain experience in understanding and handling the knowledge in geometry field and will grant easy and efficient acces to the newest information and knowledge.
A linguistic truth-valued reasoning approach in decision making with incomparable information
Authors: Zou Li, Da Ruan, Pei Zheng, Xu Yang
Venue: Journal of Intelligent Fuzzy Systems: Applications in Engineering and Technology (2008)

In the framework of the linguistic truth-valued logic, a linguistic truth-valued reasoning approach for decision making with both comparable and incomparable truth values is proposed in this paper. By using the lattice implication algebra, an 18-element linguistic truth lattice-valued logic system with linguistic hedges is established for the linguistic truth-valued logic to better express both comparable and incomparable truth values. Mathematical properties of disjunction, conjunction, negation and implication for the linguistic truth-valued propositional logic are further investigated respectively. As reasoning and operation are directly acted by linguistic truth values in the decision process, the issue on how to obtain the weight for rational decision making results is discussed. An illustration example shows the proposed approach seems more effective for decision making under a fuzzy environment with both comparable and incomparable linguistic truth values.
DIPAS: A distributed performance analysis service for grid service-based workflows
Authors: Hong-Linh Truong, Peter Brunner, Vlad Nae, Thomas Fahringer
Venue: Future Generation Computer Systems (2009)

Grid workflows are executed on diverse resources whose interactions are highly complex and hardly predicted. Often the user and the workflow middleware services want to be informed about the performance behavior of workflows, as early as possible, so that they can steer the execution of workflows to compensate for the performance loss or execution failures. This paper describes a distributed performance analysis service that supports tracing execution, analyzing performance overheads, and searching for performance problems of Web services-based workflows in the Grid. We present how the user and the Grid workflow middleware can utilize the distributed performance analysis service in order to optimize the execution of workflows.
Additive faults detection and level control in coupled tanks
Authors: Canureci Gabriela, Vinatoru Matei, Maican Camelia, Iancu Eugen
Venue: WSEAS Transactions on Systems and Control (2008)

This paper presents a strategy for level control, detection and localization of the possible faults types for coupled tanks. The control and faults detection algorithm was developed using the combination of Matlab - Simulink with WinCon 5.1 software. Also in the paper, a mathematical model of the process is developed used design and control algorithm. The experimental applications were developed on the didactical plant "Quanser Water Level Control Two Tank Module".
Flexible provisioning of web service workflows
Authors: Sebastian Stein, Terry R. Payne, Nicholas R. Jennings
Venue: ACM Transactions on Internet Technology (TOIT) (2009)

Web services promise to revolutionize the way computational resources and business processes are offered and invoked in open, distributed systems, such as the Internet. These services are described using machine-readable metadata, which enables consumer applications to automatically discover and provision suitable services for their workflows at run-time. However, current approaches have typically assumed service descriptions are accurate and deterministic, and so have neglected to account for the fact that services in these open systems are inherently unreliable and uncertain. Specifically, network failures, software bugs and competition for services may regularly lead to execution delays or even service failures. To address this problem, the process of provisioning services needs to be performed in a more flexible manner than has so far been considered, in order to proactively deal with failures and to recover workflows that have partially failed. To this end, we devise and present a heuristic strategy that varies the provisioning of services according to their predicted performance. Using simulation, we then benchmark our algorithm and show that it leads to a 700&percnt; improvement in average utility, while successfully completing up to eight times as many workflows as approaches that do not consider service failures.
Data-mining application for country segmentation based on the RFM model
Authors: Mehdi Ghazanfari, Samira Malek Mohamadi, Somayeh Alizadeh
Venue: International Journal of Data Analysis Techniques and Strategies (2008)

For effective Customer Relationship Management (CRM), it is important to gather information on customer value. Segmentation is the method of knowing the customers and partitioning a population of customers into smaller groups. This paper develops a novel country segmentation methodology based on Recency (R), Frequency (F) and Monetary value (M) variables. After the variables are calculated, clustering methods (K-means and fuzzy K-means) are used to segment countries and compare the results of these methods by three different criteria. Customers are classified into four tiers: Top-active, Medium-active, New customer and Inactive. Then a customer pyramid is drawn and the customer value is calculated. Consequently, the data are used to analyse the relative profitability of each customer cluster and the proper strategy is determined for them.
Improving flow level fairness and interactivity in WLANs using size-based scheduling policies
Authors: Guillaume Urvoy-Keller, André-Luc Beylot
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th international symposium on Modeling, analysis and simulation of wireless and mobile systems (2008)

In this paper, we investigate the use of a size-based scheduling policy, LASTOTAL, inWLANs. A size-based scheduling policy is a priority policy where the priority of a flow is based on its size. LASTOTAL replaces the legacy IP level FIFO scheduler at the access point. The lower protocol layers, and especially the MAC 802.11 layer are left unchanged. We demonstrate using realistic synthetic workloads, that LAS-TOTAL solves the unfairness issue due to DCF in 802.11 WLANs and ensures small response times to the majority of the flows under any load conditions. The latter property is desirable as short flows correspond to interactive applications and maintaining low response times for those flows despite load variations, significantly improves user experience. We also introduce and validate Markovian queuing models to assess the response time of the access point for both FIFO and LASTOTAL.
Dynamic hybrid fault models and the applications to wireless sensor networks (WSNs)
Authors: Zhanshan (Sam) Ma, Axel W. Krings
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th international symposium on Modeling, analysis and simulation of wireless and mobile systems (2008)

In this paper, we introduce a new concept termed dynamic hybrid fault models together with the mathematic models and approaches for applying the new concept to reliability and fault tolerance analyses. It extends the traditional hybrid fault models and their relevant constraints in agreement algorithms with survival analysis and evolutionary game theory. The new dynamic hybrid fault models (i) transform hybrid fault models into time and covariate dependent models; (ii) make real-time prediction of reliability more realistic and allows for real-time prediction of fault-tolerance; (iii) set the foundations for integrating hybrid fault models with reliability and survivability analyses by introducing evolutionary game modeling; (iv) extend evolutionary game theory in its modeling of the survivals of game players. The application domain is wireless sensor network (WSN), but the large part of the modeling architecture also applies to general engineering reliability and network survivability.
Guidance of Loop Ordering for Reduced Memory Usage in Signal Processing Applications
Authors: Per Gunnar Kjeldsberg, Francky Catthoor, Sven Verdoolaege, Martin Palkovic, Arnout Vandecappelle, Qubo Hu, Einar J. Aas
Venue: Journal of Signal Processing Systems (2008)

Data dominated signal processing applications are typically described using large and multi-dimensional arrays and loop nests. The order of production and consumption of array elements in these loop nests has huge impact on the amount of memory required during execution. This is essential since the size and complexity of the memory hierarchy is the dominating factor for power, performance and chip size in these applications. This paper presents a number of guiding principles for the ordering of the dimensions in the loop nests. They enable the designer, or design tools, to find the optimal ordering of loop nest dimensions for individual data dependencies in the code. We prove the validity of the guiding principles when no prior restrictions are given regarding fixation of dimensions. If some dimensions are already fixed at given nest levels, this is taken into account when fixing the remaining dimensions. In most cases an optimal ordering is found for this situation as well. The guiding principles can be used in the early design phases in order to enable minimization of the memory requirement through in-place mapping. We use real life examples to show how they can be applied to reach a cost optimized end product. The results show orders of magnitude improvement in memory requirement compared to using the declared array sizes, and similar penalties for choosing the suboptimal ordering of loops when in-place mapping is exploited.
DAISY: An opportunity to improve access to information for all: APE 2008 (Academic Publishing in Europe)
Authors: Thomas Kahlisch
Venue: Information Services and Use (2008)

Since 1996 public library services for the visually impaired round the world work closely with the ITC and the publishing industry in the DAISY consortium (www.daisy.org) towards international standards and technologies which are needed to improve access to information for the elderly and people with different reading disabilities. The consortium's vision is &ldquo;that all information, at time of release to the general population, be available in an accessible, highly functional, feature rich format and at no greater cost, to persons with print disabilities&rdquo;. DAISY (Digital Accessible Information System) is an open standard for multimedia publishing, the version 3 has already become a national standard in the United States DAISY/NISO 2005 Z3986. The DAISY XML applications DTBook (to structure content in a Digital Talking Book) and NCX (for navigating multimedia contents) are used in OPS (Open Publishing Structure) 2.0 V. 1.0, published in summer 2007 by the IDPF (International digital Publishing Forum, www.idpf.org).
MCAMP: communication optimization on massively parallel machines with hierarchical scratch-pad memory
Authors: Hiroshige Hayashizaki, Yutaka Sugawara, Mary Inaba, Kei Hiraki
Venue: Proceedings of the 17th international conference on Parallel architectures and compilation techniques (2008)

Massively parallel machines that integrate a large number of simple processors and small scratch-pad memories (SPMs) into a single chip can achieve a high peak performance per watt of power. In these machines, communication optimizations are important because the communication bandwidth tends to be a bottleneck. Previously proposed communication optimizations using copy candidates, which have been shown to be effective, detect frequently reused array regions by compile-time analysis and copy the regions to scratch-pad memories nearer to the processors. However, they have been proposed for uniprocessor systems or small parallel machines with one or more layers of scratch-pad memories, and the analysis time increases when they are applied to massively parallel machines. In this paper, we propose Multilayer Copy-candidate Analysis for Massively Parallel machines (MCAMP), a communication optimization method for massively parallel machines. MCAMP re-formalizes the framework used in earlier works and improves the scalability of the analysis by assuming the homogeneity of the target systems. We implemented an MCAMP optimizer, which takes an input program that consists of perfectly nested loops containing array references and computation codes, and generates optimized communication. We measured the performance of the output programs of the MCAMP optimizer by executing them on a real massively parallel machine GRAPE-DR using a software tool chain that we also implemented. We showed that MCAMP can achieve optimal data transfer patterns and comparable performance to that of hand-optimized codes with a short analysis time.
Speech detection in noisy environments by wavelet energy-based recurrent neural fuzzy network
Authors: Chia-Feng Juang, Chun-Nan Cheng, Tai-Mao Chen
Venue: Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal (2009)

This paper proposes a new speech detection method by recurrent neural fuzzy network in variable noise-level environments. The detection method uses wavelet energy (WE) and zero crossing rate (ZCR) as detection parameters. The WE is a new and robust parameter, and is derived using wavelet transformation. It can reduce the influences of different types of noise at different levels. With the inclusion of ZCR, we can robustly and effectively detect speech from noise with only two parameters. For detector design, a singleton-type recurrent fuzzy neural network (SRNFN) is proposed. The SRNFN is constructed by recurrent fuzzy if-then rules with fuzzy singletons in the consequences, and the recurrent property makes them suitable for processing speech patterns with temporal characteristics. The learning ability of SRNFN helps avoid the need of empirically determining a threshold in normal detection algorithms. Experiments with different types of noises and various signal-to noise ratios (SNRs) are performed. The results show that using the WE and ZCR parameters-based SRNFN, a pretty good performance is achieved. Comparisons with another robust detection method, the refined time-frequency-based method, and other detectors have also verified the performance of the proposed method.
The information cost of manipulation-resistance in recommender systems
Authors: Paul Resnick, Rahul Sami
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 ACM conference on Recommender systems (2008)

Attackers may seek to manipulate recommender systems in order to promote or suppress certain items. Existing defenses based on analysis of ratings also discard useful information from honest raters. In this paper, we show that this is unavoidable and provide a lower bound on how much information must be discarded. We use an information-theoretic framework to exhibit a fundamental tradeoff between manipulation-resistance and optimal use of genuine ratings in recommender systems. We define a recommender system to be (n, c)-robust if an attacker with n sybil identities cannot cause more than a limited amount c units of damage to predictions. We prove that any robust recommender system must also discard Ω(log (n/c)) units of useful information from each genuine rater.
Electrical energy consumption forecasting based on cointegration and a support vector machine in China
Authors: Zhang Xing-Ping, Gu Rui
Venue: WSEAS Transactions on Mathematics (2007)

By undertaking a cointegration analysis with annual data over the period 1985∼2005 in China, the estimation results show that there is cointegration relationship between electrical energy consumption and economic growth taking into account industry structure changes and technical efficiency. The model shows that three explanatory variables, the GDP per capita, heavy industry share and efficiency improvement are the crucial factors which influence the electric energy consumption. The three explanatory variables and the actual electrical energy consumption are input into a support vector machine(SVM), a Gaussian radial basis function is taken as the kernel function and electrical energy consumptions from 1994∼2006 are forecasted. The forecast results prove that the multivariable SVM is valid in forecasting electrical energy consumption in China.
The Internet Audience: Constitution & Measurement
Authors: Fernando Bermejo
Venue: Digital Formations (2007)

Assessments of the audience of traditional mass media have existed for decades and have been widely studied, but the quantification of the Internet audience is a recent and barely known phenomenon. An audience is an essential requirement for the existence of any mass media: first, there is no medium without an audience, and second, the audience has become a commodity fundamental to the functioning of commercial media systems. It is the application of measurement procedures that allows the audience to play this dual institutional role. The Internet Audience is the first book to focus on the transformation of the Internet into a mass communication medium thanks to the constitution of its audience through measurement. Starting with a historical analysis of this transformation, it goes on to analyze in detail the methods used for the measurement of the Internet audience, their limits and their possibilities. It concludes with an inquiry into the logic and interests behind the creation of an online audience measurement industry. The result is the first comprehensive look at the question of not what the Internet audience does with the medium, but rather what the medium does with its audience.
A type-2 fuzzy rule-based expert system model for stock price analysis
Authors: M. H. Fazel Zarandi, B. Rezaee, I. B. Turksen, E. Neshat
Venue: Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal (2009)

In this paper, a type-2 fuzzy rule based expert system is developed for stock price analysis. Interval type-2 fuzzy logic system permits us to model rule uncertainties and every membership value of an element is interval itself. The proposed type-2 fuzzy model applies the technical and fundamental indexes as the input variables. This model is tested on stock price prediction of an automotive manufactory in Asia. Through the intensive experimental tests, the model has successfully forecasted the price variation for stocks from different sectors. The results are very encouraging and can be implemented in a real-time trading system for stock price prediction during the trading period.