ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Exact computation of minimum feedback vertex sets with relational algebra
Authors: Rudolf Berghammer, Alexander Fronk
Venue: Fundamenta Informaticae (2005)

A feedback vertex set of a graph is a subset of vertices containing at least one vertex from every cycle of the graph. Given a directed graph by its adjacency relation, we develop a relational algorithm for computing a feedback vertex set of minimum size. In combination with a BDD-implementation of relations, it allows to exactly solve this NP-hard problem for medium-sized graphs.
Supply chain management tradeoffs analysis
Authors: Sanjay Jain
Venue: Proceedings of the 36th conference on Winter simulation (2004)

Supply chain management involves understanding complex interactions between many factors and using the understanding to achieve balance between conflicting objectives. Simulation is a very useful technique to evaluate the impact of changes in factors such as inventory control and business process parameters. This paper describes a simulation based study for analyzing the tradeoffs among service level, inventory and lead times for a large logistics supply chain. The study highlights the use of simulation in understanding seemingly non-intuitive results and guiding the effort for performance improvement.
Ontology-enabled validation of connectivity relationships in a home theater system: Research Articles
Authors: Mark Austin, Vimal Mayank, Natalya Shmunis
Venue: International Journal of Intelligent Systems (2006)

This article describes a vision for team-based synthesis of engineering systems, enhanced by technologies for ontology-based computing, cast in a Semantic Web framework. Our long-term research objective is to fully understand the extent to which relationships and constraints in ontology-based descriptions of problem domains, working together with description logic reasoning engines, can influence and improve system-level design procedures, particularly in the early stages of development where errors may have a significant long-term impact, but if detected early are cheap to correct. As a first step, we develop a port&ndash;jack ontology for a home theater system and exercise rule sets for combinations of correct&#x002F;incorrect connectivity. The model checking procedure begins with the formulation of a port&ndash;jack ontology that will describe allowable constraining relationships in the port and jack connectivity. Allowable types of connections are expressed in the form of domain restrictions. &copy; 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Int Syst 21: 1111&ndash;1125, 2006.
Information technology, globalization and ethics
Authors: Richard George
Venue: Ethics and Information Technology (2006)

This paper illustrates the overlap of computer ethics and business ethics by examining two issues. The first is the lack of fit between digitalized information and copyright protection. Although there are moral arguments that can be used to justify protection of intellectual property, including computer software and digitalized data, the way that copyright protection has developed often reflects vested interests rather than the considered weighing of moral considerations. As a result, with respect to downloading MP3s, among other material, what is ethical is largely determined by the appropriately passed laws in each jurisdiction, and what is ethically permissible in one jurisdiction may be ethically impermissible in another. The second issue is the outsourcing of IT jobs from the U.S. While the practice has been politicized, examining it from an all-things-considered perspective, this paper argues it is ethically justified.
Adaptive binary splitting: a RFID tag collision arbitration protocol for tag identification
Authors: Jihoon Myung, Wonjun Lee
Venue: Mobile Networks and Applications (2006)

In the RFID system, a reader recognizes tags through communications over a shared wireless channel. When multiple tags transmit their IDs at the same time, the tag-to-reader signals lead to collision. Tag collision arbitration for passive RFID tags is significant for fast identification since collisions disturb the reader's identification process. This paper presents an Adaptive Binary Splitting (ABS) protocol which is an improvement on the binary tree protocol. To reduce collisions and identify tags efficiently, ABS uses information which is obtained from the last processes of tag identification. Our performance evaluation shows that ABS outperforms other tree based tag anti-collision protocols.
Semi-Supervised Clustering of Corner-Oriented Attributed Graphs
Authors: Jin Tang, Chunyan Zhang, Bin Luo
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Hybrid Intelligent Systems (2006)

This paper describes a new algorithm for image semi-supervised clustering. In particular, the proposed approach introduces corner-oriented attributed graphs(COAG) constructed based on modified Harris corner extraction method to represent structure objects . 2D-Laplacianface is used to reduce the dimension of feature matrix obtained from COAG. Feature vector is built just from the output of dimensionality reduction. This vector denotes the input to the classifier. Semi-supervised k-mean clustering method (S2KMCM) is carried out as semi-clustering method. Experimental results show that COAG can preserve the structure information of image and S2KFCM can be applied to both clustering and classification tasks by labeled and unlabeled data together.
Holistic Processing of Faces: Learning Effects with Mooney Faces
Authors: Marianne Latinus, Margot J. Taylor
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2005)

The specialness of faces is seen in the face inversion effect, which disrupts the configural, but not the analytic, processing of faces. Mooney faces, which are processed holistically, allowed us to determine the contribution of holistic processing to the face inversion effect. As inverted Mooney faces are difficult to recognize as faces, we also included an intermediary training period for Mooney face recognition for half of the subjects. Early face-sensitive ERPs (N170 and P1) and P2 were measured.Behavioral data showed an increase in correct responses to inverted and upright Mooney faces after the learning phase for the experimental group. No effects were seen on P1. N170 latency did not vary with stimulus type before the intermediary phase, however, N170 amplitude was consistently larger for upright than inverted Mooney faces. After the intermediary exercise, N170 was delayed for inverted compared to upright Mooney faces. In contrast, for both groups of subjects P2 amplitude was larger for nonface stimuli, and P2 amplitude decreased after the intermediate task only for the subjects trained to recognize Mooney faces.As the usual inversion effect seen with photographic faces (delayed and larger N170) was not seen with Mooney faces, these data suggest that this effect on N170 is due to the recruitment of analytic processing. P2 reflected learning and a deeper processing of the stimuli that were not identifiable as faces.
Mobile service overlays: reconfigurable middleware for MANETs
Authors: Balasubramanian Seshasayee, Karsten Schwan
Venue: Proceedings of the 1st international workshop on Decentralized resource sharing in mobile computing and networking (2006)

Distributed applications running on Mobile Adhoc NET- works (MANETs) can benefit from underlying middleware that provides services for self-management. Such services can address the dynamic conditions associated with a MANET's operational environment and changes in end user needs. This paper describes Mobile Service Overlays (MSOs), an overlay network-based decentralized middleware that provides basic support for online management, shown useful for services like online reconfiguration for managing energy consumption and failure resilience. Decentralization is achieved by partitioning the application's overlay network into smaller units termed chains, and implementing decentralized reconfigurations involving specific chains, triggered by monitoring events. The paper also presents the overheads of these services in a lightweight, non-Java implementation of MSOs targeted at an example MANET application in cooperative robotics.
Quadralinear time-frequency representations
Authors: J. C. O'Neill, W. J. Williams
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1995. on International Conference - Volume 02 (1995)

In time-frequency analysis there are four bilinear domains commonly used: time-frequency, ambiguity, temporal auto-correlation, and spectral auto-correlation. This paper introduces four new domains that are quadralinear in the signal. These four domains are each a function of three of the four variables used in the bilinear domains. Properties of these quantities are developed and an application is given for the design of adaptive time-varying kernels.
Mapping Scientific Disciplines and Author Expertise Based on Personal Bibliography Files
Authors: Colin Murray, Weimao Ke, Katy Borner
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on Information Visualization (2006)

This paper presents a novel approach (1) to define, analyze, and map a scientific discipline and (2) to compare and map the expertise of single authors based on personal bibliography files, e.g., bibtex or EndNote files. Section one motivates this research and relates it to existing work. Section two explains the general procedure from data harvesting, parsing, cleaning via the analysis and mapping of the data to the interpretation of results. To illustrate the new approach, we asked major experts on 'network science' to share their bibtex or EndNote files with us. Using this data set we exemplify data harvesting, data cleaning and integration; give simple statistics, analysis and visualization results such as a map of the network science discipline based on co-author networks and a map of the content coverage and overlay of contributing experts. We conclude with a discussion of challenges and opportunities as well as planned future work.
On test data compression using selective don't-care identification
Authors: Terumine Hayashi, Haruna Yoshioka, Tsuyoshi Shinogi, Hidehiko Kita, Haruhiko Takase
Venue: Journal of Computer Science and Technology (2005)

This paper proposes an effective method for reducing test data volume under multiple scan chain designs. The proposed method is based on reduction of distinct scan vectors using selective don't-care identification. Selective don't-care identification is repeatedly executed under condition that each bit of frequent scan vectors is fixed to binary values (0 or 1). Besides, a code extension technique is adopted for improving compression efficiency with keeping decompressor circuits simple in the manner that the code length for infrequent scan vectors is designed as double of that for frequent ones. The effectiveness of the proposed method is shown through experiments for ISCAS'89 and ITC'99 benchmark circuits.
Practical Issues in Mobile Education
Authors: Marguerite L. Koole
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE International Workshop on Wireless, Mobile and Ubiquitous Technology in Education (2006)

Practitioners interested in integrating mobile technology effectively into distance learning programs need to consider both the benefits and limitations of such devices. This paper outlines some major limitations of mobile devices and suggests strategies to mitigate them such as chunking information, using appropriate organizational techniques, reducing the number of required actions, and improving ease of use. Properly planned integration of mobile technology also offers some distinct advantages. Learners can benefit from a dynamic and flexible learning environment with anywhere, anytime access to people and information. Practitioners can use these features to help learners enhance their skills in assessing the relevance and appropriateness of information for use in practical settings.
Models of Computation for Networks on Chip
Authors: Axel Jantsch
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Application of Concurrency to System Design (2006)

Networks on chip platforms offer the opportunity to introduce a new abstraction level that defines a set of platform services with performance and power characteristics. By making the implementation of these services entirely irrelevant for system design, an effective separation of system design from component design can be achieved. We discuss the principles to formulate network-on-chip services to establish an abstract computational model that exposes all relevant properties of the platform's functionality, performance and power consumption while hiding all irrelevant implementation details. As in many other successful abstractions, these principles are based on separating functionality from time and power aspects to allow for reasoning about these properties at the system level. As a concrete example we formulate a MoC for the Nostrum NoC. It is based on guaranteed bandwidth (GB) and best effort (BE) traffic. The MoC characterizes both GB and BE traffic in terms of closed formulas and allows for efficient composition of traffic.
Model-based Design of Distributed Collaborative Bioinformatics Processes in the jABC
Authors: Tiziana Margaria, Christian Kubczak, Marc Njoku, Bernhard Steffen
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th IEEE International Conference on Engineering of Complex Computer Systems (2006)

Our approach to the model-driven collaborative design of workflows for bioinformatic applications uses the jABC [6] for model driven mediation and choreography to complement a Webservice-based elementary service provision. jABC is a framework for service development based on Lightweight Process Coordination. Users (product developers and system/software designers) develop services and applications by composing reusable buildingblocks into (flow-)graph structures that can be animated, analyzed, simulated, verified, executed, and compiled. This way of handling the collaborative design of complex processes has proven to be effective and adequate for the cooperation of non-programmers (in this case biologists) and technical people, and it is now being rolled out in the operative practice.
Performance analysis and optimization of a distributed Video on Demand service
Authors: D. Alvim Seabra dos Santos, A. Borges Vieira, B. Ribeiro-Neto, S. Vale Aguiar Campos
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE International Symposium on Performance Analysis of Systems and Software (2003)

Video on Demand (VoD) services are very appealing these days. In this work, we discuss four distinct alternatives for the architecture of a VoD server and compare their performances under different conditions. We later used the best configuration found in our analysis to evaluate, using simulations, the performance of a distributed VoD service in an ATM network covering an area the size of a large city neighborhood. We also introduced optimizations to the system, such as anticipated delivery and retrieval of video blocks from neighbor clients. Our results indicate that a server-driven operation mode (i.e., based on cycles) is not the most appropriate choice for a variety of workloads, even when the layout is striped (a result that challenges the conventional wisdom in the field). Also, our optimization strategies increased significantly the number of clients served in the system, which in our study case represented a savings of approximately 33% in the hardware required for the deployment of the service.
The Effect of Cingulate Cortex Lesions on Task Switching and Working Memory
Authors: M. F. S. Rushworth, K. A. Hadland, D. Gaffan, R. E. Passingham
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2003)

Anatomic interconnections between the prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortices suggest that these areas may have similar functions. Here we report the effect of anterior cingulate removal on task switching, error monitoring, and working memory. Neuroimaging studies have implicated the cingulate cortex in all these processes. Six macaques were taught task switching (TS) and delayed alternation (DA) paradigms. TS required switching between two conditional response tasks with mutually incompatible response selection rules. DA required alternation between two identically covered food-well positions. In the first set of experiments, anterior cingulate lesions did not consistently impair TS or DA performance. One animal performed worst on both TS and DA and in this animal the cingulate sulcus lesion was most complete. In the second set of experiments, we confirmed that larger anterior cingulate lesions, which included the sulcus, consistently impaired TS but only led to a mild and equivocal impairment of DA. The TS error pattern, however, did not suggest an impairment of TS per se. The consequence of a cingulate lesion is, therefore, distinct to that of a prefrontal lesion. TS error distribution analyses provided some support for a cingulate role in monitoring responses for errors and subsequent correction but the pattern of reaction time change in TS was also indicative of a failure to sustain attention to the task and the responses being made.
Security and Access Control for a Human-centric Collaborative Commerce System
Authors: Seung-yun Kim, Jian Zhu, Waleed W. Smari, William K. McQuay
Venue: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Collaborative Technologies and Systems (2006)

The rise of globally distributed computer based workspaces has enabled the incorporation of collaboration in electronic commerce (e-Commerce) systems. Working in collaborative environments with e-Commerce technologies leads to the subject of collaborative commerce (or c-Commerce). C-Commerce creates dynamic collaboration and harnesses organizations' information and knowledge base into a computer-based framework to support personalized access to potentially all participants and information in a given community. One of the main concerns in such a system is security and control of access. Many distributed organizations and individuals want to work together and share their information and knowledge in the process. At the same time, they need to protect their privacy and sensitive information and establish proper protocols for access and sharing activities. This paper discusses a human-centered collaborative commerce system (HCCS) and its security and access control design. Specifically, it presents three security modules and components that will support collaborative exchange and processes. We, then, introduce an improved access control method and algorithm which is role-, group-, and task-based (RGT-based access control) that ensures information and resources access efficiently. Developing further access control algorithms and implementations will be considered in a variety of case studies in future work.
Merging Head and Tail Duplication for Convergent Hyperblock Formation
Authors: Bertrand A. Maher, Aaron Smith, Doug Burger, Kathryn S. McKinley
Venue: Proceedings of the 39th Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture (2006)

VLIW and EDGE (Explicit Data Graph Execution) ar- chitectures rely on compilers to form high-quality hyper- blocks for good performance. These compilers typically perform hyperblock formation, loop unrolling, and scalar optimizations in a fixed order. This approach limits the compiler's ability to exploit or correct interactions among these phases. EDGE architectures exacerbate this problem by imposing structural constraints on hyperblocks, such as instruction count and instruction composition. This paper presents convergent hyperblock formation, which iteratively applies if-conversion, peeling, unrolling, and scalar optimizations until converging on hyperblocks that are as close as possible to the structural constraints. To perform peeling and unrolling, convergent hyperblock formation generalizes tail duplication, which removes side entrances to acyclic traces, to remove back edges into cyclic traces using head duplication. Simulation results for an EDGE architecture show that convergent hyperblock formation improves code quality over discrete-phase ap- proaches with heuristics for VLIW and EDGE. This algo- rithm offers a solution to hyperblock phase ordering prob- lems and can be configured to implement a wide range of policies.
A three-dimensional simulation of electrostatic characteristics for carbon nanotube array field effect transistors
Authors: Yiming Li, Hung-Mu Chou, Jam-Wem Lee, Bo-Shian Lee
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2005)

We, in this paper, study the electrostatic characteristics and the gate capacitances for carbon nanotube (CNT) array field effect transistors (FETs). The explored CNT-array FET is with three configurations of gate electrode, the top gate, the wrap around gate, and the bottom gate. Taking the pitch distance of structures and the gate length of CNT FET into consideration, a three-dimensional (3D) electrostatic simulation are performed by using an adaptive finite volume method, where different gate capacitance are calculated and compared. It is found that there is at least a 20% difference in calculating the gate capacitance between the 2D and 3D modeling and simulations. Our 3D simulation shows that a wrap around gate gives the largest gate capacitance among structures. A bottom gate possesses the weakest gate controllability. Effects of the pitch distance and the gate length on the gate capacitances of CNT-array FET are investigated. Results of the 3D electrostatic simulations can be applied to estimate the magnitude of the on-current of CNT FETs.
The network infrastructure at iGrid2005: lambda networking in action
Authors: Paola Grosso, Pieter de Boer, Linda Winkler
Venue: Future Generation Computer Systems (2006)

iGrid2005's goal was to demonstrate the potential of hybrid networks showing applications hat require the use of these high-performance multi-gigabit networks. In this article we describe the network infrastructure in place during the workshop, we focus on the innovative and original aspects of the set-up, and we show that the infrastructure was a clear example of lambda networking.
Addressing the Signal Grounding Problem for Autonomic Systems
Authors: M. Randles, A. Taleb-Bendiab, P. Miseldine
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Autonomic and Autonomous Systems (2006)

This paper is concerned with the problem of intrinsically assigning meaning to the signals responsible for autonomic responses in a system. Without an associated cognitive system, the Symbol Grounding Problem would constitute a major barrier in system adaptation and evolution. Based on an ongoing effort towards a formal and pragmatic development of self-regenerative software systems, this paper adopts concepts from Artificial Immune Systems (AIS) engineering, Information Theory and the Situation Calculus dialect of predicate logic. These are used to formalise the monitoring and control of system autonomic functions. In this way danger signals as an immune (self-healing/protecting) response and evolutionary (self-adapting) responses can be formalised into autonomic conditional and anticipatory reaction triggers. Thus any threat or potential enhancement to the system can be monitored for and the appropriate action taken to facilitate system dependability and safety.
Modeling Inter- and Intra-Patient Anatomical Variation Using a Bilinear Model
Authors: Yongwon Jeong, Richard J. Radke
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshop (2006)

We introduce a novel method for modeling the natural anatomical variation of an organ along inter-patient and intra-patient axes using a bilinear model. Bilinear models are attractive for this purpose since one type of variation can be explored while the other is held constant. We apply our model to a total of 204 prostate shapes contoured from CT imagery of 12 different patients, and show that the learned bilinear models can fit both training and testing shapes accurately. We also demonstrate the superior performance of the bilinear model over a linear model with the same number of parameters in adapting to prostate shapes from a new patient acquired immediately prior to consecutive fractions of radiation therapy.