ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Pervasive views: area exploration and guidance using extended image media
Authors: Jiang Yu Zheng, Xiaolong Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th annual ACM international conference on Multimedia (2005)

This work achieves full registration of scenes in a large area and creates visual indexes for visualization in a digital city. We explore effective mapping, indexing, and display of scenes so that an area becomes "visible". Users can virtual navigate city on the Internet and achieve real guidance with a PDA. Extended images such as route panoramas, scene tunnels, panoramic views and spherical views are acquired in an urban area and associated with geospatial locations. A 3D LIDAR elevation map is used to generate a scanning plan based on visibility, image properties, and importance of scenes. Scanning scenes along streets and at spots of interest allows for compact and complete visual data collection. To access city information, visual indexes from scenes to spaces are created pervasively for flexible space exploration and transition. To visualize a space seamlessly in a large view frame and synchronize scenes with the virtual movement in the map, we stream image data on the Internet. An engine is developed for continuous space traversing, accessing spatial information, and transiting between spaces through visual links. A real urban area has been modeled to verify the effectiveness of such a system.
TrustStream: a novel secure and scalable media streaming architecture
Authors: Hao Yin, Chuang Lin, Feng Qiu, Xuening Liu, Dapeng Wu
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th annual ACM international conference on Multimedia (2005)

Streaming media over networks has gained renewed interest recently due to the emerging IP-TV and mobile TV. The success of commercial media streaming systems critically depends on two important capabilities, namely, 1) scalability in distributing media content to diverse clients, and 2) security management of the media and the systems. However, existing media streaming systems such as content distribution networks (CDN) and Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networks lack either security or scalability. In this paper, we propose a novel secure and scalable media streaming architecture, called TrustStream. Our architecture combines the best features of CDN and P2P networks to achieve unprecedented security, scalability, and certain quality of service simultaneously. Our experimental results demonstrate the advantages of the TrustStream.
From proof-nets to bordisms: the geometric meaning of multiplicative connectives
Authors: Sergey Slavnov
Venue: Mathematical Structures in Computer Science (2005)

We develop a multidimensional syntax for cut-free proofs of Multiplicative Linear Logic. This syntax is essentially equivalent to the traditional formalism of proof-nets; the interest of the multi-dimensional formalism consists in its explicit relationship with the formalism of bordisms. Bordisms are compact manifolds with boundary, which are treated as morphisms between the &lsquo;incoming&rsquo; and &lsquo;outgoing&rsquo; boundary components (composition is given by glueing bordisms along matching boundaries). The category of bordisms has recently become important in contemporary mathematics, in particular, because of developments in topological quantum theory and quantum gravity. A semantics of MLL underlying the multi-dimensional syntax is based on a certain category of bordisms, which we call &lsquo;coherent space-times&rsquo;. The resulting model has an extremely intuitive geometric description. The dual multiplicative connectives $\otimes$ and $\smash{\raise5.99pt\hbox{\rotatebox{-180}{\&}}}$ correspond simply to disjoint unions and connected sums of bordisms. Following ideas from topological quantum field theory, we also discover deep relationships between this new model and the author's coherent phase spaces model (Slavnov 2003), which is based on the context of symplectic geometry.
New technologies for contactless microsystems
Authors: François Vacherand
Venue: Proceedings of the 2005 joint conference on Smart objects and ambient intelligence: innovative context-aware services: usages and technologies (2005)

This paper presents some new emerging technological avenues for contactless chips in order to tackle emerging and demanding future specifications. Basically RFID chips will evolve towards new embedded functions such as power, sensing and security.Today, R&D works on future contactless Microsystems can be clustered into four main directions:&bull; Silicon technologies for low power and non volatile memories&bull; Contactless air interfaces&bull; Embedded micro power sources&bull; Embedded micro-sensors
Special issue on the workshop on MAthematical performance Modeling And Analysis (MAMA 2005): guest editor's foreword
Authors: Mark S. Squillante
Venue: ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review (2005)

The complexity of computer systems, networks and applications, as well as the advancements in computer technology, continue to grow at a rapid pace. Mathematical analysis, modeling and optimization have been playing, and continue to play, an important role in research studies to investigate fundamental issues and tradeoffs at the core of performance problems in the design and implementation of complex computer systems, networks and applications.
Hierarchical Dirichlet model for document classification
Authors: Sriharsha Veeramachaneni, Diego Sona, Paolo Avesani
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd international conference on Machine learning (2005)

The proliferation of text documents on the web as well as within institutions necessitates their convenient organization to enable efficient retrieval of information. Although text corpora are frequently organized into concept hierarchies or taxonomies, the classification of the documents into the hierarchy is expensive in terms human effort. We present a novel and simple hierarchical Dirichlet generative model for text corpora and derive an efficient algorithm for the estimation of model parameters and the unsupervised classification of text documents into a given hierarchy. The class conditional feature means are assumed to be inter-related due to the hierarchical Bayesian structure of the model. We show that the algorithm provides robust estimates of the classification parameters by performing smoothing or regularization. We present experimental evidence on real web data that our algorithm achieves significant gains in accuracy over simpler models.
Broad-coverage hierarchical word sense disambiguation
Authors: Massimiliano Ciaramita
Venue:  (2005)

In naturally occurring language, hearers and readers are faced with large numbers of &ldquo;ambiguous&rdquo; words, i.e., words with multiple senses, and &ldquo;unknown&rdquo; words, i.e., words they are encountering for the first time and could not be in their lexicon. Ambiguous and unknown words seem to cause little difficulty for humans, who infer their syntactic and semantic properties on the fly to resolve ambiguities, and incorporate unknown words into their lexicons. Ambiguous and unknown words also pose problems for dictionary-based approaches in natural language processing applications. To use the information contained in the dictionary it is necessary to associate each word in the text that is being processed with one of the senses or concepts defined in the dictionary. If the word is ambiguous, it is necessary to identify the intended sense among the possible senses of the word, if it is unknown it is necessary to assign the word to one among all possible senses defined by the dictionary. The acquisition of unknown words can be seen as a disambiguation task in which the possible senses are all senses listed in the dictionary. In this thesis we formulate a single unified approach for learning unknown words, and performing word sense disambiguation. We focus on nouns but our method can be generalized to verbs and other syntactic categories. We propose a broad-coverage method which can be applied to any kind of text. We frame this problem as a pattern classification task. Each ambiguous or unknown word is classified as belonging to one of the existing concepts on the basis of morphological, syntactic and semantic properties of the contexts in which it appears. Our system takes as input an existing dictionary, which defines a hierarchy of concepts, and a corpus of textual data, and disambiguates all nouns in the corpus. We demonstrate this by disambiguating all nouns in a 40 million words collection of newspaper articles. We present empirical results from experiments carried out also with novel multi-level classification techniques, which exploit generalizations that hold at different levels of the concept hierarchy.
Computer based development of large scale ecological models problems and prospects
Authors: Efraim Halfon
Venue: ACM SIGSIM Simulation Digest (1977)

Modelling an ecosystem requires knowledge of the system, obtained with experiments, and its abstraction within a mathematical framework. Systems methods can be used effectively in the latter phase of the modelling process. Indeed, when coupled with experimental work, these mathematical methods can help in the development of an ecologically realistic mathematical model. These models formalize hypotheses proposed to describe the ecosystem structure and explain its behavior. For example, a forest is not only made of trees, but also of shrubs, fungi and other flora. Animals contribute to modify and influence the forest, and chemical nutrients cycle between flora, fauna and soil. A mathematical model of this ecosystem would try to conceptualize relationships among these domains. If this model is set in dynamical terms, e.g., a set of differential equations, then the model behavior should be similar to the forest behavior. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
A Framework for Design Tradeoffs
Authors: Anneliese Andrews, Ed Mancebo, Per Runeson, Robert France
Venue: Software Quality Control (2005)

Designs almost always require tradeoffs between competing design choices to meet system requirements. We present a framework for evaluating design choices with respect to meeting competing requirements. Specifically, we develop a model to estimate the performance of a UML design subject to changing levels of security and fault-tolerance. This analysis gives us a way to identify design solutions that are infeasible. Multi-criteria decision making techniques are applied to evaluate the remaining feasible alternatives. The method is illustrated with two examples: a small sensor network and a system for controlling traffic lights.
Efficient and Accurate EMC Analysis of High-Frequency VLSI Subnetworks
Authors: Gurpreet Shinh, Natalie Nakhla, Ram Achar, Michel Nakhla, Ihsan Erdin
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on VLSI Design held jointly with 5th International Conference on Embedded Systems Design (2006)

Due to the rapid surge in operating frequencies and complexity of modern VLSI designs, fast and accurate EMC/EMI analysis is becoming mandatory. This paper presents a closed-form SPICE macromodel for fast transient analysis of lossy multiconductor transmission lines in the presence of incident electromagnetic fields. In the proposed algorithm, the equivalent sources due to incident fields are formulated analytically in the time-domain, based on the information of line and incident field parameters. The resulting time-domain macromodel is in the form of ordinary differential equations and can be easily included in existing analog circuit simulators such as SPICE. The proposed algorithm, while guaranteeing the stability of the transient simulation by employing passive macromodels, provides significant speed-up for high-speed interconnect networks, especially with large delay and low losses.
A Statistical Model For Writer Verification
Authors: Sargur N. Srihari, Matthew J. Beal, Karthik Bandi, Vivek Shah
Venue: Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (2005)

A statistical model for determining whether a pair of documents, a known and a questioned, were written by the same individual is proposed. The model has the following four components: (i) discriminating elements, e.g., global features and characters, are extracted from each document, (ii) differences between corresponding elements from each document are computed, (iii) using conditional probability estimates of each difference, the log-likelihood ratio (LLR) is computed for the hypotheses that the documents were written by the same or different writers; the conditional probability estimates themselves are determined from labelled samples using either Gaussian or gamma estimates for the differences assuming their statistical independence, and (iv) distributions of the LLRs for same and different writer LLRs are analyzed to calibrate the strength of evidence into a standard nine-point scale used by questioned document examiners. The model is illustrated with experimental results for a specific set of discriminating elements.
Passive logging attacks against anonymous communications systems
Authors: Matthew K. Wright
Venue:  (2005)

Anonymous communications protocols have been designed to resist attacks that work in a short period of time. However, people typically use the Internet in regular, consistent ways over long periods of time, and consequently they are vulnerable to losing their privacy over the lifetime of those communications. Our work has focused on long-term attacks against anonymous communications systems. The predecessor attack is an example of this kind of attack; the attacker logs the connections of a user over time, eventually linking the connections to the user's machine. In this thesis, we give a proof that shows that the users of all existing anonymous communications systems are vulnerable to the predecessor attack. Then we analyze specific instances of the attack against several protocols to show how long the attack takes in each case. Attacks take an order of magnitude more time to be successful against Onion Routing[37] over Crowds[57]. When timing attacks can be stopped, the attack cost becomes exponential in the length of the user's path. We use simulation to back up our analytical results and to show how quickly the attack works in practice. We also describe approaches to defending against these attacks and discuss the tradeoffs between security and usability. The next section of this thesis focuses on timing attacks and defenses against them. We began by simulating attack scenarios and show that using a constant rate of traffic for each user makes timing attacks more difficult. We also present defensive dropping, a modification of this defense that more effectively stops timing attacks. Experiments with Tor[55], a developmental Onion Routing system, demonstrate that these attacks work in practice on the Internet. Finally, we use analysis and simulation to understand the combined effects of timing analysis and the predecessor attack. We show how long the predecessor attack requires given varying levels of attackers' timing analysis success. We find that increasing the error rates of timing analysis significantly increases the amount of time required for the attacker to succeed.
An 8-Bit, 3.8GHz Dynamic BiCMOS Comparator for High-Performance ADC
Authors: Sanjoy Kr. Dey, Swapna Banerjee
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on VLSI Design held jointly with 5th International Conference on Embedded Systems Design (2006)

This paper deals with a monolithic dynamic voltage comparator with sampling speed up to 3.8GHz and a resolution of 8-bit. To improve the power-speed tradeoff, the front-end pre-amplifier is being designed with high f_T (80GHz) Si-SiGe Heterojunction Bipolar Transistor (HBT) for higher speed while the dynamic latch along with the output buffer is implemented in 0.25um standard CMOS process to keep the power level low. To operate the CMOS latch at 3.8GHz sampling rate, a tailor made 3- Φ clocking scheme is employed where the reset time of the latch falls up to 45ps in the reset mode. In the tracking mode, controlled decision transferring is done from pre-amplifier to the latch. At the latch output, a buffer with hysteresis is used to overcome the switching noise of latch and produce sharp, well defined digital data. The active power consumption by the core comparator is ∼9mW and it takes a core area of ∼0.017 mm².
3DSEAM: a model for annotating 3D scenes using MPEG-7
Authors: Ioan Marius Bilasco Bilasco, Jerome Gensel, Marlene Villanova-Oliver, Herve Martin
Venue: Proceedings of the Seventh IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia (2005)

The progress and the continuous evolution of computer capacities, as well as the emergence of the X3D standard have recently boosted the 3D domain. Associating some semantics with 3D contents becomes a major issue specially for reusing such contents or pieces of content after having extracted them from existing 3D scenes. In this paper, we address this issue by proposing a generic semantic annotation model for 3D, called 3DSEAM (3D SEmantics Annotation Model). 3DSEAM aims at indexing 3D contents considering visual, geometric and semantic aspects. 3DSEAM is instantiated using MPEG-7 that we have extended with 3D specific locators. These locators link some visual, geometric and semantic features to the corresponding X3D fragments. These features can then be used for indexing and querying.
WebParts: Sharing and Reuse Component Resource in Networked Design
Authors: Dan Liu, Xin-Jian Gu, Zhi-Xiong Yang, Qing-Sheng Xie
Venue: Proceedings of the The Fifth International Conference on Computer and Information Technology (2005)

In this paper, a web-based parts library management system - webParts is studied. WebParts allows engineers and designers to search for component information semantically and construct digital product design chain according to the information. WebParts is built based on PLIB standard (ISO13584) and "tabular layouts of article characteristics technology"(GB/T10091). According to the PLIB standard, a dual description method (semantic description and logical expression level) is used to express component information. The data dictionary (ISO13584-42) is used to description component information at semantic level. Because the typical structure and function feature are not described explicitly in component data dictionary (PLIB ontology), a semantic feature description dictionary (ontology) is added in the data dictionary. At logical description level, a tabular layouts of article characteristics is extracted from PLIB dictionary (especially the part characteristic) according to some rules. At last, three kinds of part search method provided by webParts are introduced.
The Extravehicular Mobility Unit: Case Study in Requirements Evolution
Authors: Nicole C. Jordan, Joseph H. Saleh, Dava J. Newman
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th IEEE International Conference on Requirements Engineering (2005)

Requirements are rarely static, and are ever more likely to evolve as the development time of a system stretches out and its service life increases. In this paper, we discuss the evolution of requirements for the U.S. spacesuit, the Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU), as a case study in the need for flexibility in system design. We explore one fundamental environmental change, using the Shuttle EMU aboard the International Space Station (ISS), and the resulting EMU requirement and design changes. The EMU, like most complex systems, faces considerable uncertainty during its service life. Changes in the technical, political, or economic environment cause changes in requirements, which in turn necessitate design modifications or upgrades. We make the case that flexibility is a key attribute that needs to be embedded in the design of long-lived systems to enable them to efficiently meet the inevitability of changing requirements after they have been fielded.
A 2D/3D hybrid geographical information system
Authors: Stephen Brooks, Jacqueline L. Whalley
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques in Australasia and South East Asia (2005)

We present a unique Geographical Information System (GIS) that seamlessly integrates 2D and 3D views of the same spatial and aspatial data. Multiple layers of information are continuously transformed between the 2D and 3D modes under the control of the user, directly over a base-terrain.Although 2D/3D hybrid (or combination) displays are now widely used in medical applications such as tomography, they have not been explored to any great extent in GIS applications. And although many existing commercial 3D GIS systems have 2D views they are typically isolated from the 3D view in that they are presented in a separate window. In this paper we introduce a 2D/3D hybrid GIS that allows the user to view the 2D data in direct relation to the 3D view within the same view.
Concurrent Error Detection of Polynomial Basis Multiplication over Extension Fields using a Multiple-bit Parity Scheme
Authors: S. Bayat-Sarmadi, M. A. Hasan
Venue: Proceedings of the 20th IEEE International Symposium on Defect and Fault Tolerance in VLSI Systems (2005)

Cryptographic systems implemented using VLSI technologies require a large number of circuits and are prone to faults. Attacks on cryptosystems that exploit erroneous results due to faults in hardware have recently been reported in the literature. As a result, the detection and correction of errors in cryptographic operations have become an important issue. This paper discusses, the detection of multiple-bit faults in bit-serial and bit-parallel polynomial basis multipliers over binary extension fields. Our approach is based on multiple-bit parity. Results show that due to an increase in the number of parity bits, area overhead increases linearly, but the probability of error detection approaches unity sharply so that it reaches 0.95 for 6 parity bits.
Management of mobile ad hoc networks: information model and probe-based architecture
Authors: Remi Badonnel Radu State Olivier Festor
Venue: International Journal of Network Management (2005)

The increasing need for mobility in networks and computing leads to the deployment of wireless networks without fixed infrastructure, called ad hoc networks. These networks raise new challenges towards monitoring and managing them to provide optimal performance. We propose in this paper a management framework to assess the operational state and the behaviour of mobile ad hoc networks. After presenting the management requirements, we define an information model to manage these networks. Simulations provide an overview of how this model can be used. Finally, we describe a probe-based architecture with an implementation prototype, to use and populate the information model in a realistic environment.