ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Microdevice for Continuous Isolation of Plasma from Whole Blood
Authors: Xing Chen, Dafu Cui, Lulu Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on BioMedical Engineering and Informatics - Volume 02 (2008)

In this manuscript we designed, fabricated, and tested a novel microfluidic device for continuous and real time separation of plasma from whole blood based on plasma skimming effect and microcentrifugal effect using microchannels and microstructures. The microdevice was fabricated by micro electro mechanical system (MEMS) technology, which was made of a silicon wafer with a single step of deep reaction ion etching and a PDMS-glass cover. The process of plasma separation was implemented continuously without problems of clogging or jamming. The plasma selectivity of 95.36% is obtained under the optimal conditions. This microdevice has the potential to integrate into micro total analytical system (μTAS) with the advantages of low cost, short analytical time, disposability, low reagent and sample consumption, which will create a microanalysis system for point-of-care diagnostics.
UbiqUM 2008: theories and applications of ubiquitous user modeling
Authors: Tsvi Kuflik, Shlomo Berkovsky, Dominik Heckmann, Antonio Krüger
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces (2008)

In today's information world, small personal computerized devices, such as PDAs, smart phones and other smart appliances, become widely available and essential tools in many situations. This ongoing penetration of computers into everyday life leads to so-called ubiquitous environments, where computational power and networking capabilities are available (and used) everywhere. The strive of providing personal services to users made user modeling capability an essential part of any ubiquitous application. Ubiquitous user modeling describes ongoing modeling and exploitation of user behavior with a variety of systems that share their user models. Currently, issues relating to ubiquitous user modeling are gaining more and more attention from research groups representing the user modeling, the human-computer interaction, and the ubiquitous computing research communities. The goal of this workshop is to bring together academic and industrial researchers from these communities to discuss the most innovative approaches to ubiquitous user modeling, to enhance the exchange of ideas and concepts, to determine the veins the research should proceed, and to go one step further towards personalization in ubiquitous computing.
Brouwer's fixed point theorem (abstract only)
Authors: Amine Benkiran
Venue: ACM Communications in Computer Algebra (2008)

"Brouwer's Fixed Point Theorem" was named after the Dutch mathematician "L. E. J. Brouwer". This theorem states that for every continuous function "f" mapped onto itself at a given interval, has at least one fixed point such that "f(x0) = x0". The proof of this theorem uses what is called "Sperner's Lemma" (by Emanuel Sperner), which would be the one focused on inorder to help understand "Brouwer's Fixed Point Theorem".
CD-HIT Workflow Execution on Grids Using Replication Heuristics
Authors: J. L. Vázquez-Poletti, E. Huedo, R. S. Montero, I. M. Llorente
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 Eighth IEEE International Symposium on Cluster Computing and the Grid (2008)

Grid Computing has proven to be a solution for big workflow execution, especially in Bioinformatics. However, Grid nature itself introduces overheads that make its use in many cases an unfeasible solution if considering wall-time. Different heuristics such as list scheduling, agglomeration and replication are available for optimizing workflow execution. In particular, the replication heuristics have been previously used in heterogeneous environments with good results. In this work, we analyze their use for workflow scheduling on Grid infrastructures. In particular, we study its applications to an intree workflow, generated by the distribution of the CD-HIT application. The experiments were conducted on a testbed made of resources from two different grids and results show a significant reduction of the workflow execution time.
Using parsimonious language models on web data
Authors: Rianne Kaptein, Rongmei LI, Djoerd Hiemstra, Jaap Kamps
Venue: Proceedings of the 31st annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval (2008)

In this paper we explore the use of parsimonious language models for web retrieval. These models are smaller thus more efficient than the standard language models and are therefore well suited for large-scale web retrieval. We have conducted experiments on four TREC topic sets, and found that the parsimonious language model results in improvement of retrieval effectiveness over the standard language model for all data-sets and measures. In all cases the improvement is significant, and more substantial than in earlier experiments on newspaper/newswire data.
A conceptual framework for product lifecycle modelling
Authors: Q. Shu, C. Wang
Venue: Enterprise Information Systems (2007)

Product lifecycle modelling is to define and represent product lifecycle data and to maintain data interdependencies. To build a complete, reusable and highly consistent product lifecycle information model, the product lifecycle is divided into five stages: requirement analysis, conceptual design, engineering design, manufacturing, and service and support. Accordingly, five stage product models (requirement analysis model, conceptual design model, engineering design model, manufacturing model, and service and support model) are discussed. To integrate all information of a product lifecycle and support networked manufacturing mode, the key elements of product lifecycle modelling are discussed and a framework of product lifecycle modelling is proposed. Further, the relationship and evolvement of product models at different stages are described. Finally, a Web-based integration framework is proposed to support interoperability of distributed product data sources.
Distributed target tracking and boundary estimation in wireless sensor networks
Authors: Jennifer Yick, Biswanath Mukherjee, Dipak Ghosal
Venue: International Journal of Autonomous and Adaptive Communications Systems (2008)

We study the problem of target tracking and boundary detection of a substance diffusing from a mobile source using a wireless sensor network. We present a Prediction-based Mobility Adaptive Tracking (P-MAT algorithm to study the tradeoff among energy, accuracy of tracking, coverage and boundary estimation. P-MAT minimises overall energy consumption by incorporating adaptivity in two forms: (1) the size of the active region and (2) modulation of the sampling rate. It uses adaptive Kalman filtering to predict the target's future location and velocity. The predicted target location determines a set of sensors surrounding that location to be activated known as the active region. Sensors in the active region are responsible for target tracking and boundary detection. In this article, we include dynamic boundary estimation. Boundary estimation in many situations can be performed efficiently using a subset of nodes within the vicinity of the phenomenon. This subset of nodes in our algorithm is the set of nodes in the active region. As the substance spreads, sensors in the active region determine if additional sensors outside of the active region are needed to enclose the boundary. Results from simulation experiments show that P-MAT can perform both tracking and boundary.
How complex can a land suitability map be?
Authors: Y. Diao, W. N. Xiang
Venue: International Journal of Geographical Information Science (2007)

On a land suitability assessment map that is derived from an overlay of n parent maps, each bearing k land capability categories, how many permutations of land suitability ratings can there be when the rating scores are calculated by the commonly used rating and weighting method (RAW method)? In the present paper, we estimate that this number is between [image omitted]  .
A novel VLSI architecture for real-time line-based wavelet transform using lifting scheme
Authors: Kai Liu, Ke-Yan Wang, Yun-Song Li, Cheng-Ke Wu
Venue: Journal of Computer Science and Technology (2007)

In this paper, we propose a VLSI architecture that performs the line-based discrete wavelet transform (DWT) using a lifting scheme. The architecture consists of row processors, column processors, an intermediate buffer and a control module. Row processor and Column processor work as the horizontal and vertical filters respectively. Intermediate buffer is composed of five FIFOs to store temporary results of horizontal filter. Control module schedules the output order to external memory. Compared with existing ones, the presented architecture parallelizes all levels of wavelet transform to compute multilevel DWT within one image transmission time, and uses no external but one intermediate buffer to store several line results of horizontal filtering, which decreases resource required significantly and reduces memory efficiently. This architecture is suitable for various real-time image/video applications.
An Appraisal of Existing Evaluation Frameworks for Agile Methodologies
Authors: Masoumeh Taromirad, Raman Ramsin
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th Annual IEEE International Conference and Workshop on the Engineering of Computer Based Systems (2008)

The emergence of agile software development methodologies, and the sheer number of the variants introduced, has raised the need for evaluation and comparison efforts, mostly in order to facilitate the selection or engineering of an agile methodology aimed at a specific software development situation. But existing evaluation frameworks and comparison tools do not satisfy all the needs of project managers and method engineers. The principal objectives of this paper are to introduce a fundamental basis for evaluation frameworks that target existing challenges, and also to evaluate existing evaluation frameworks in order to identify their shortcomings. To this aim, we have proposed an evaluation criterion set, or metacriteria, according to which existing evaluation frameworks have been assessed. These meta-criteria define the essential features that an appropriate evaluation framework is expected to possess. The evaluation results show that existing evaluation frameworks do not satisfy typical requirements, and fail to address existing challenges. Therefore, the need still remains for an appropriate and useful evaluation framework for appraising agile methodologies.
Meta-Design Support for Safe and Secure Networked Embedded Systems
Authors: Miroslav Sveda, Radimir Vrba
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Systems (2008)

This paper presents principles of meta-design support for end-user development of safe and secure embedded system networking. The presented approach offers a reusable framework for Internet-based embedded system applications. The framework provides a development environment kernel that can be adapted for various safety/security critical embedded system application domains. It stems from the IEEE 1451.1 smart transducer interface standard that provides an object-based networking model mediating efficient and unified access to distributed components through both wired and wireless networks. The paper discusses this framework not only from the viewpoint of framework builders, but also end-user developers. In this context, it demonstrates how to use that approach for a safety and security-critical application with Internet and ZigBee.
A simple approach to congestion control of ABR traffic with weighted max-min fairness
Authors: Rohan De Silva
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd WSEAS International Conference on Electronics, Control and Signal Processing (2003)

This paper describes a simple algorithm called SAFARI (Simple Approach to Fair Allocation of Rate Indication) for the congestion control of available bit rate (ABR) service of asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) networks. The ATM Forum specifies a category of switches known as explicit rate (ER) switches that computes an ER for each source to satisfy a fairness criterion. To compute ER, an ATM switch needs to measure a number of traffic parameters on-line. There are a number of congestion control schemes for ABR service but SAFARI scheme is less complex compared to both the load factor-based schemes that require the measurement of many variables and the queue-level-based schemes that require much computation. As opposed to other load factor-based schemes, we measure only the number of virtual circuits, target rate and the load on the switch. This eliminates the need for the maintenance of any table of rates or the reading of rates off the forward resource management cells. Furthermore, as opposed to our method, the computational complexity of other schemes increases considerably when used for weighted max-min fairness criterion with non-zero minimum cell rate (MCR). Performance of this scheme has been studied via simulations on a GFC-II network.
XStatic: A Simulation Based ESD Verification and Debug Environment
Authors: Ganesh R. Shamnur, Rajesh R. Berigei
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th international symposium on Quality Electronic Design (2008)

Electrostatic discharge, the transfer of charge between bodies that alters device characteristics has become a major reliability concern in the semiconductor industry. Conventional approaches of using ESD testers to detect ESD defects are post-fabrication methods which leave narrow design time for ESD rectification. This paper discusses a CAD approach which captures ESD problems in the design phase enabling designers to build robust ESD structures. The discussed verification platform performs ESD simulations on the design and aids designers to locate and debug the potential ESD failure nodes in the circuit. This approach leads to robust ESD designs with minimal cycle-time and reduces silicon re-spins.
The REM Framework for Security Evaluation
Authors: Flora Amato, Valentina Casola, Antonino Mazzeo, Valeria Vittorini
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 Third International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security (2008)

A common approach to formally describe security mechanisms is the definition of proper policies. In many contexts, a system could be considered secure and trustworthy if the policy enforced by its security administrator is trustworthy as well; within such contexts it is possible to evaluate the system security by evaluating its policy. In a previous paper we have proposed a policy-based methodology, the Reference Evaluation Methodology (REM for short), to define and evaluate the security level that a system is able to provide. In this paper we illustrate the implementation of the REM framework to automatically evaluate the security level provided by a system and we discuss a real case study on the evaluation of the Certificate Authorities involved in the EUGridPMA project.
An Architecture for Mobility Support in a Next-Generation Internet
Authors: Walter Wong, Rodolfo Villaca, Luciano Paula, Rafael Pasquini, Fabio L. Verdi, Mauricio F. Magalhaes
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications (2008)

The current internetworking architecture presents some limitations to naturally support mobility, security and multi-homing. Among the limitations, the IP semantic overload seems to be a primary issue to be considered. In this paper we present a next generation internetworking architecture to overcome the IP semantic overload by introducing an identity layer located between the network and transport layers. This new layer provides a stable cryptographic identifier for end-hosts and seamlessly allows the deployment of new services, such as mobility, multi-homing and security. A prototype was implemented and evaluated considering some mobility scenarios, including intra-domain, inter-domain and simultaneous node mobility.
The performance comparison of discrete wavelet neural network and discrete wavelet adaptive network based fuzzy inference system for digital modulation recognition
Authors: E. Avci, D. Avci
Venue: Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal (2008)

In this paper, a new discrete wavelet neural network (DWNN) and discrete wavelet adaptive network based fuzzy inference system (DWANFIS) methods are offered for automatic digital modulation recognition (ADMR) and the performance comparison between these new DWNN and DWANFIS intelligent systems are performed by using bior1.3, bior2.2, bior2.8, bior3.5, bior6.8, coif1, coif2, coif3, coif4, coif5, db3, db5, db8, db10, sym2, sym3, sym5, sym7, and sym8 wavelet decomposition filters, respectively. Moreover in this study, discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and adaptive wavelet entropy are used in feature extraction stages of these intelligent systems. The digital modulation types used in this study are ASK2, ASK4, ASK8, FSK2, FSK4, FSK8, PSK2, PSK4, and PSK8. Here, mean correct recognition rates for digital modulation recognition were obtained 96.51% and 90.24% by using DWNN and DWANFIS intelligent systems, respectively.
SecurityViews: A Dynamic Security for View-Oriented Programming
Authors: Hamid Mcheick, Eric Dallaire
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 International MCETECH Conference on e-Technologies (2008)

In wide-enterprise information systems, the same objects play different functional roles during their lifecycle. The development and the distributed of these functional roles can be realized using one of the aspect oriented software development techniques, in particular view oriented programming (VOP). Generally speaking, views are code fragments, which provide the implementation of different functionalities for the same object domain and theses views can be used as a units for distribution to improve performance issues. Therefore, using VOP encompasses a combination of views, which can be distributed, attached, detached dynamically throughout their object views lifecycle. In this context, an issue has to be addressed when a distributed object offers different views to different clients. A security access problem would be if a client1 somehow tries to perform an operation of a view, which is not attached by that client. Another issue has to be addressed is to manage views in a transparent way (implicitly) for clients. We propose a dynamic adaptation and security model based on Java security model to deal with theses issues.
The strength of weak learnability
Authors: R. E. Schapire
Venue: Proceedings of the 30th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (1989)

The problem of improving the accuracy of a hypothesis output by a learning algorithm in the distribution-free learning model is considered. A concept class is learnable (or strongly learnable) if, given access to a source of examples from the unknown concept, the learner with high probability is able to output a hypothesis that is correct on all but an arbitrarily small fraction of the instances. The concept class is weakly learnable if the learner can produce a hypothesis that forms only slightly better than random guessing. It is shown that these two notions of learnability are equivalent. An explicit method is described for directly converting a weak learning algorithm into one that achieves arbitrarily high accuracy. This construction may have practical applications as a tool for efficiently converting a mediocre learning algorithm into one that performs extremely well. In addition, the construction has some interesting theoretical consequences.
Speech Watermarking Based on Wavelet Transform and BCH Coding
Authors: Shi-Huang Chen, Shih-Yin Yu, Chung-Hsien Chang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE International Conference on Sensor Networks, Ubiquitous, and Trustworthy Computing (sutc 2008) (2008)

This paper proposes a novel speech watermarking algorithm using wavelet transform and BCH coding. The characteristics of the proposed algorithm are as follows: 1) a more steady embedded code strategy adopts to resist the compressed attack more effectively; 2) the uses of multi-resolution property of wavelet transform and the BCH error correcting code to improve the robust of watermark; 3) the watermark will be embedded into the low-, middle-, or high-frequency components by adaptive algorithm according to human perceptual critical bands; 4) the proposed scheme can extract the watermark without using the original speech signal. Experimental results show that the proposed watermarking algorithm is inaudible and robust against G.711, G.726, and GSM 6.10 speech coding standards.
An approach for designing composite metaphors for user interfaces
Authors: Y. C. Hsu, E. Boling
Venue: Behaviour & Information Technology (2007)

A composite-metaphor interface is a computer interface consisting of a combination of two or more metaphors. As computer systems have become more sophisticated, researchers have proposed the use of multiple metaphors to design computer systems because they would better match the characteristics of complex target systems; however, due to the difficulty of designing interface metaphors and limited research in this area, there are few guidelines or accepted standards for generating and implementing composite metaphors for interface design. In this paper, the authors propose an approach for designing composite metaphors. We first present the metaphor design strategies as we interviewed eight game designers, then summarise the design considerations from the metaphor literatures. Finally, we propose the design approach for selecting and combining metaphors in designing composite-metaphor interfaces.
Some properties of projectors associated with the WLSE under a general linear model
Authors: Yongge Tian, Yoshio Takane
Venue: Journal of Multivariate Analysis (2008)

Projectors associated with a particular estimator in a general linear model play an important role in characterizing statistical properties of the estimator. A variety of new properties were derived on projectors associated with the weighted least-squares estimator (WLSE). These properties include maximal and minimal possible ranks, rank invariance, uniqueness, idempotency, and other equalities involving the projectors. Applications of these properties were also suggested. Proofs of the main theorems demonstrate how to use the matrix rank method for deriving various equalities involving the projectors under the general linear model.
Challenging poverty
Authors: Sarah Underwood
Venue: Communications of the ACM (2008)

Information and communication technologies are an important component in the generation of wealth. How can they help reduce poverty?
Extreme lower probabilities
Authors: Erik Quaeghebeur, Gert de Cooman
Venue: Fuzzy Sets and Systems (2008)

We consider lower probabilities on finite possibility spaces as models for the uncertainty about the state. These generalizations of classical probabilities can have some interesting properties; for example: k-monotonicity, avoiding sure loss, coherence, permutation invariance. The sets formed by all the lower probabilities satisfying zero or more of these properties are convex. We show how the extreme points and rays of these sets-the extreme lower probabilities-can be calculated and we give an illustration of our results.
Web-CAT: automatically grading programming assignments
Authors: Stephen H. Edwards, Manuel A. Perez-Quinones
Venue: ACM SIGCSE Bulletin (2008)

This demonstration introduces participants to using Web-CAT, an open-source automated grading system. Web-CAT is customizable and extensible, allowing it to support a wide variety of programming languages and assessment strategies. Web-CAT is most well-known as the system that "grades students on how well they test their own code," with experimental evidence that it offers greater learning benefits than more traditional output-comparison grading. Participants will learn how to set up courses, prepare reference tests, set up assignments, and allow graders to manually grade for design.