ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Globalization: challenges to database community
Authors: Sang K. Cha, P. Anandan, Meichun Hsu, C. Mohan, Rajeev Rastogi, Vishal Sikka, Honesty Young
Venue: Proceedings of the 32nd international conference on Very large data bases (2006)

Globalization is flattening the world. As database researcher, we are proud that information technology is a critical enabler of globalization. At the same time, we are seeing that research and development of information technology is also being globalized.In recent years, many R&D labs were established in Asia, especially, in India and China, by global IT companies. Some of our colleagues have moved with globalization to establish new labs or to lead R&D in newly established labs. For those who have not moved physically, it is common to work with colleagues at remote labs with time difference.The objective of this panel is to invite pioneers leading R&D globalization and to share their vision and challenges, and to discuss how globalization impacts the future of database and information management research, education, and industry.
Infusing engaged learning strategies and modeling software into sixth grade classrooms: the Achieving High Academic Standards Project (AHAS)
Authors: William H. Conrad,  III, Raul Zaritsky, Michael Munroe
Venue: Proceedings of the 1999 conference on Computer support for collaborative learning (1999)

The Achieving High Academic Standards Project (AHAS) of the Illinois State Board of Education (ISBE) is an ongoing in-service and dissemination project that provides an engaged-learning professional development program for sixth grade teachers using modeling tasks. The project included thirty-eight sixth grade classrooms (approximately 1000 students) in eight public school districts and three private schools throughout Illinois. The classrooms selected are all low SES, high mobility and high special education enrollments. The project provided classrooms with a new computer, pedagogy and technology for model building. The educational goals were selected to achieve the math standards of data collection, representation, and interpretation. Results indicate an actual cost, including a new computer and wiring, of $225 per student participating in the project. Teacher surveys and observation in classroom visits indicate over 80% active use of modeling software by students in modeling energy systems within their schools. Over 70% of teachers report that they will continue using the modeling software beyond the project end. The AHAS Project is a collaboration among the National Computational Science Alliance (NCSA), the North Central Regional Technology in Educational Center (NCRTEC) and the participating school districts. Funding for $0.25 million is from the ISBE. Partial funding and support are also provided by NCRTEC.
Designing databases that enhance people's privacy without hindering organizations
Authors: Thomas B. Hodel-Widmer
Venue: Ethics and Information Technology (2006)

We argue that future database systems must provide autonomy for individuals for the privacy of data they manage. We propose a design for such a system, identify challenges and problems, and suggest some approaches to these. We enunciate the reasons for informational self-determination systems, which include legal, organizational and technical issues. Our main goal is to achieve a widely-accepted realistic and practical solution in order to ensure privacy for individuals in our future world, yet without hindering business and security.
Resource allocation among agents with preferences induced by factored MDPs
Authors: Dmitri Dolgov, Edmund Durfee
Venue: Proceedings of the fifth international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems (2006)

Distributing scarce resources among agents in a way that maximizes the social welfare of the group is a computationally hard problem when the value of a resource bundle is not linearly decomposable. Furthermore, the problem of determining the value of a resource bundle can be a significant computational challenge in itself, such as for an agent operating in a stochastic environment, where the value of a resource bundle is the expected payoff of the optimal policy realizable given these resources. Recent work has shown that the structure in agents' preferences induced by stochastic policy-optimization problems (modeled as MDPs) can be exploited to solve the resource-allocation and the policy-optimization problems simultaneously, leading to drastic (often exponential) improvements in computational efficiency. However, previous work used a flat MDP model that scales very poorly. In this work, we present and empirically evaluate a resource-allocation mechanism that achieves much better scaling by using factored MDP models, thus exploiting both the structure in agents' MDP-induced preferences, as well as the structure within agents' MDPs.
Design and Implementation of Low-Area and Low-Power AES Encryption Hardware Core
Authors: Panu Hamalainen, Timo Alho, Marko Hannikainen, Timo D. Hamalainen
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th EUROMICRO Conference on Digital System Design (2006)

The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm has become the default choice for various security services in numerous applications. In this paper we present an AES encryption hardware core suited for devices in which low cost and low power consumption are desired. The core constitutes of a novel 8-bit architecture and supports encryption with 128-bit keys. In a 0.13 ìm CMOS technology our area optimized implementation consumes 3.1 kgates. The throughput at the maximum clock frequency of 153 MHz is 121 Mbps, also in feedback encryption modes. Compared to previous 8-bit implementations, we achieve significantly higher throughput with corresponding area. The energy consumption per processed block is also lower.
Reflections on the philosophy of technology culture of technological reflection
Authors: Arun Kumar Tripathi
Venue: Ubiquity (2006)

"Philosophers point out the liabilities, what happens when technology moves beyond lifting genuine burdens and starts freeing us from burdens that we should not want to be rid of." (Albert Borgmann)"The unintended consequences and dangers of technologization are real, and they deserve reflections and replies. Meanwhile the deeper danger of cultural and moral devastation goes unnoticed and is to some extent eclipsed by attention to the overt dangers (which, to repeat, need to be addressed forthwith)." (Albert Borgmann)
Introduction
Authors: Emin Gün Sirer
Venue: ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review (2006)

This issue of the Operating Systems Review focuses on self-organizing systems; that is, systems whose functionality emerges through the autonomous activities of their components. Self-organization is a powerful paradigm for structuring systems ranging from stand-alone operating systems all the way up to planetary-scale distributed systems. Unlike the previously dominant organizational paradigms, self-organization has the potential to be much more robust because the individual components can autonomously compensate for the failures of other components, to scale to much larger systems because they avoid centralized components that pose bottlenecks, and to provide much better performance because they draw on the resources of a great many components distributed in many different places.This issue of the OSR brings together various papers on the application of the self-organizing design paradigm to various contexts. The vast majority of the papers in this issue relate to peer-to-peer (P2P) systems, a newly emerging class of distributed systems in which self-organization has played a foundational role. Peer-to-peer systems can be characterized by the ability of clients to also function as servers. This ability to shift traditional service functionality from dedicated servers (which provide resources) to a collection of self-organizing nodes that would otherwise serve solely as consumers has enabled a new and broad class of systems with unprecedented performance, robustness, and scale. There has been a huge outpouring of research on self-organizing peer-to-peer systems, whose applications include content delivery, naming systems, messaging, publish-subscribe, data repositories, just to name a few. While a recent panel at SOSP asked the question of whether P2P is "still useless," the overwhelming evidence at the panel was that self-organization techniques are now a standard part of the distributed system designer's tool chest, and have enabled our community, with the aid of PlanetLab, to tackle and address some of the outstanding problems in Internet-scale systems. Planetary scale systems are no longer just a theoretical endeavor; practical self-organizing systems seem to be here to stay.The papers in this issue cover foundations of self-organizing systems, such as elementary building blocks, such as clouds, for managing large scale networks, as well as basic techniques for reconciling quality of service with P2P, and for bridging the gap between centralized and peer-to-peer systems. A primary concern in any self-organizing system is whether the participants have incentives to autonomously follow a protocol, so some of the papers examine mechanism design and incentive-compatibility. Finally, a few of the papers examine self-organization within the context of a single, stand-alone operating system, examining, for instance, self-repair in componentized OSes. I hope you will enjoy reading this issue.
Agent interface enhancement: making multiagent graphical models accessible
Authors: Yang Xiang, Kun Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the fifth international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems (2006)

Multiagent probabilistic reasoning with multiply sectioned Bayesian networks requires interfacing agent subnets (the modeling task) subject to a set of conditions. To specify the interfaces such that they are both valid and efficient is non-trivial. We present multiagent interface enhancement that relieves agent designers from the burden of model efficiency so that multiagent graphical models become more accessible.
Mutual Authentication and Key Agreement for GSM
Authors: K. Phani Kumar, G. Shailaja, A. Kavitha, Ashutosh Saxena
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Mobile Business (2006)

We propose an efficient identity based mutual authentication scheme for GSM. In the proposed scheme, mobile station (MS) and visitor location register (VLR) authenticate each other and establish a session key to communicate securely for every communication. Our scheme requires less bandwidth and storage. The scheme does not involve certificate management and is resilient to replay and man-in-the middle attacks. We also compare the performance of our scheme with that of the existing schemes.
Multipath TDOA and FDOA estimation using the EM algorithm
Authors: S. P. Belanger
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1993. ICASSP-93 Vol 4., 1993 IEEE International Conference on - Volume 04 (1993)

The author examines the use of maximum likelihood parameter estimation to determine the time- and frequency difference of arrival (TDOA/FDOA) between direct and multipath signals received at a single sensor. The source signal is assumed to be narrowband, and the additive noise is Gaussian with zero mean. An iterative procedure, based on the estimate-maximize (EM) algorithm, is developed. This procedure permits an unknown complex amplitude and the TDOA/FDOA parameters to be estimated in cases where the source signal and noise spectra are a priori unknowns. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
A Comment on "Boolean Functions Classification via Fixed Polarity Reed-Muller Form'
Authors: Stanisa Dautovic, Ladislav Novak
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (2006)

A correction to the classification of the space of n{\hbox{-}}{\rm variable} Boolean functions proposed in the paper cited in [1] is reported here and commented upon.
Content-Based Retrieval of Images for Cultural Institutions Using Local Descriptors
Authors: Eduardo Valle, Matthieu Cord, Sylvie Philipp-Foliguet
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on Geometric Modeling and Imaging: New Trends (2006)

The task of identifying an image whose metadata are missing is often demanded from cultural image collections holders, such as museums and archives. The query image may present distortions (cropping, rescaling rotations, colour changes, noise...) from the original, which poses an additional complication. The majority of proposed solutions are based on classic image signatures, such as the colour histogram. Our approach, however, follows computer vision methods, and is based on local descriptors. In this paper we describe our approach, explain the SIFT method on which it is based and compared it to the Multiscale-CCV, an established scheme employed in a large scale practical system. We demonstrate experimentally the efficacy of our approach, which achieved a 99,2% success rate, against 61,0% for the Multiscale-CCV, in a database of photos, drawings and paintings.
Mobile advertising in the eyes of retailers and consumers - empirical evidence from a real-life experiment
Authors: Hanna Komulainen, Annu Ristola, Johanna Still
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Mobile Business (2006)

The future of mobile advertising (m-advertising) is expected to rely on mobile devices, enthusiastic advertisers and consumers. However, current madvertising literature has studied this phenomenon quite narrowly, focusing only on one perspective at a time. This empirically grounded paper aims to give a more multidimensional view on m-advertising, which simultaneously takes into account both retailers and consumers. It presents both qualitative and quantitative data collected from a real-life experiment of m-advertising. The empirical findings of this study describe the current challenges and possibilities in madvertising. They indicate that the technological hype round m-advertising has overshadowed the other important element of m-ads: the content.
Attack of the clones
Authors: James Noble, Brian Foote
Venue: Proceedings of the 2002 conference on Pattern languages of programs - Volume 13 (2003)

Self is a prototype-based programming language, often described as More Smalltalk Than Smalltalk. This paper presents implementations of a selection of the Design Patterns in Self, and investigates the differences between their implementations in Self compared with other object-oriented programming languages.
Accuracy Control in Compressed Multidimensional Data Cubes for Quality of Answer-based OLAP Tools
Authors: Alfredo Cuzzocrea
Venue: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management (2006)

An innovative technique supporting accuracy control in compressed multidimensional data cubes is presented in this paper. The proposed technique can be efficiently used in QoA-based OLAP tools, where OLAP users/applications and DW servers are allowed to mediate on the accuracy of (approximate) answers, similarly to what happens in QoS-based systems for the quality of services. The compressed data structure KLSA, which implements the technique, is also extensively presented and discussed. We complement our analytical contributions with an experimental evaluation on several kinds of synthetic multidimensional data cubes, demonstrating the superiority of our approach in comparison with other similar techniques.
Impaired Recognition of Social Emotions following Amygdala Damage
Authors: Ralph Adolphs, Simon Baron-cohen, Daniel Tranel
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2002)

Lesion, functional imaging, and single-unit studies in human and nonhuman animals have demonstrated a role for the amygdala in processing stimuli with emotional and social significance. We investigated the recognition of a wide variety of facial expressions, including basic emotions (e.g., happiness, anger) and social emotions (e.g., guilt, admiration, flirtatiousness). Prior findings with a standardized set of stimuli indicated that recognition of social emotions can be signaled by the eye region of the face and is disproportionately impaired in autism (Baron-Cohen, Wheelwright, & Jolliffe, 1997). To test the hypothesis that the recognition of social emotions depends on the amygdala, we administered the same stimuli to 30 subjects with unilateral amygdala damage (16 left, 14 right), 2 with bilateral amygdala damage, 47 brain-damaged controls, and 19 normal controls. Compared with controls, subjects with unilateral or bilateral amygdala damage were impaired when recognizing social emotions; moreover, they were more impaired in recognition of social emotions than in recognition of basic emotions, and, like previously described patients with autism, they were impaired also when asked to recognize social emotions from the eye region of the face alone. The findings suggest that the human amygdala is relatively specialized to process stimuli with complex social significance. The results also provide further support for the idea that some of the impairments in social cognition seen in patients with autism may result from dysfunction of the amygdala.
Towards autonomous mobile agents with emergent migration behaviour
Authors: Tino Schlegel, Peter Braun, Ryszard Kowalczyk
Venue: Proceedings of the fifth international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems (2006)

Along with manifold advantages of distributed multi-agent systems, increased network traffic produced by highly communicative agents in large distributed systems has to be considered as their practical downside. We suggest to apply the programming paradigm of mobile agents to reduce this network overhead by allowing agents to meet at the same network node before commencing communication. A remote communication between two agents could then be replaced by one or two agent migrations, followed by local communication. Since only in trivial cases it is possible to decide at design time whether remote communication or agent migration with subsequent local communication would perform better, this decision has to be made at run-time based on environmental parameters and agents' past experience. We present an adaptive approach, which is inspired by a solution of the El Farol problem. Every agent forecasts the network load of the next communication step and applies a simple mathematical model to decide between the two alternatives at run-time. In addition, our approach does not only consider network load but also server load by enabling agents to dynamically forecast the number of agents migrating to a specific agent server. The approach is evaluated with simulation experiments in static and dynamic server load environments.
TANDEM - a design method for integrating web services into multi-agent systems
Authors: Steve Goschnick, Sandrine Balbo, Leon Sterling, Christine Sun
Venue: Proceedings of the fifth international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems (2006)

This paper introduces a new design method for multi-agent systems (MAS) that incorporate logic programming. The DigitalFriend is an example of a MAS with a built-in logic language interpreter, which is aimed at having the end-user as developer. It uses small fragments of logic as dynamic glue, bringing together numerous sub-agents that may exist as Web services. However, application developers need to devise well-formed predicates and logic rules - and there lies the need for a specific design method. The well-established techniques of Task Analysis and entity relation Normalization are drawn together into our new design method (TANDEM), introduced here with an example application - the movie-cinema problem.
Sociology of Design and EDA
Authors: Walden C. Rhines
Venue: IEEE Design Test (2006)

Walden C. Rhines, CEO and chairman of the board of Mentor Graphics, delivered this keynote address at the Design, Automation, and Test in Europe Conference and Exhibition (DATE 06).
A Practical Management and Engineering Approach to Offshore Collaboration
Authors: James Cusick, Alpana Prasad
Venue: IEEE Software (2006)

Leveraging offshore staff for software development is rapidly becoming the norm in the Corporate Legal Services division at Wolters Kluwer,. The Global Software Development model has evolved over the years into a relatively mature approach supporting new development as well as production support. This model offers a tactical approach to the offshore process for companies pursuing or planning to expand into offshore development. This article also documents key practices that lead to success in this environment and details traps that can limit project effectiveness.This article is part of a special issue on Global Software Development.
A Facial Aging Simulation Method Using flaccidity deformation criteria
Authors: Alexandre Cruz Berg, Francisco Jose Perales Lopez, Manuel Gonzalez
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on Information Visualization (2006)

Due to the fact that the aging human face encompasses skull bones, facial muscles, and tissues, we render it using the effects of flaccidity through the observation of family groups categorized by sex, race and age. Considering that patterns of aging are consistent, facial ptosis becomes manifest toward the end of the fourth decade. In order to simulate facial aging according to these patterns, we used surfaces with control points so that it was possible to represent the effect of aging through flaccidity. The main use of these surfaces is to simulate flaccidity and aging consequently.
Exploiting Fine-Grained Data Parallelism with Chip Multiprocessors and Fast Barriers
Authors: Jack Sampson, Ruben Gonzalez, Jean-Francois Collard, Norman P. Jouppi, Mike Schlansker, Brad Calder
Venue: Proceedings of the 39th Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture (2006)

We examine the ability of CMPs, due to their lower onchip communication latencies, to exploit data parallelism at inner-loop granularities similar to that commonly targeted by vector machines. Parallelizing code in this manner leads to a high frequency of barriers, and we explore the impact of different barrier mechanisms upon the efficiency of this approach. To further exploit the potential of CMPs for fine-grained data parallel tasks, we present barrier filters, a mechanism for fast barrier synchronization on chip multi-processors to enable vector computations to be efficiently distributed across the cores of a CMP. We ensure that all threads arriving at a barrier require an unavailable cache line to proceed, and, by placing additional hardware in the shared portions of the memory subsytem, we starve their requests until they all have arrived. Specifically, our approach uses invalidation requests to both make cache lines unavailable and identify when a thread has reached the barrier. We examine two types of barrier filters, one synchronizing through instruction cache lines, and the other through data cache lines.