ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Safety in numbers and power in determining strategy evolution in the game of chicken
Authors: Frank Tutzauer
Venue:  (2007)

Game theory has been used in computer simulations to model bargaining and conflict behavior. The game of Chicken, in particular, recognizes the need for a cooperative collusive strategy for the success of the competitors. Cellular automata are network matrices often used in simulations. Each node of the network is occupied by an individual strategy playing another strategy at an adjacent node. Safety In Numbers (SIN) examines the benefit of individuals with common strategies working together against an enemy or opponent also clustered in a SIN-like manner. Power references the effect of greater threat potential or strength in bargaining and conflict situations. This dissertation uses SIN and power in two different simulations to determine the success of strategy groups Good and Evil playing the game of Chicken in a cellular automata regularized spatial grid (RSG) matrix. This RSG matrix allows 400 competitors to compete simultaneously with eight neighbors with the competitor adopting the strategy of its most successful neighbor or maintaining its own should it be most successful. The Chicken matrix is used as the utility and strategies begin by being clumped together (SIN) in varying quantities. Simulation 1 examines the effect of SIN on its own using a common Chicken payoff matrix. Good strategies prevailed in relatively low numbers (starting at 10). No matter the victor, strategy groups tended to remain clustered as would be expected with SIN. Simulation 2 altered the Chicken payoff matrix asymmetrically such that more power was allotted to a strategy group in varying increments, in this case Evil strategies were given more power. Evil strategies did overcome Good strategies at a power factor of 0.7 but SIN clustering of simulation 1 did not occur with greater power. In fact, much individual competition was seen. Additionally, in both simulations, in-group competition was expected between like strategies. In both cases, one Good strategy dominated---TESTER, while two Evil strategies competed---MODIFIED GRUDGE and GRUDGE.
A persistent snapshot device driver for Linux
Authors: Suresh B. Siddha, K. Gopinath
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th annual Linux Showcase & Conference - Volume 5 (2001)

Web servers and large enterprises demand online backup capability to protect data that must be available continuously and eliminate the down-time needed to perform conventional off-line backups. Online backup demand is fueled by growing data capacities that have lengthened backup window time frames and by the significant loss in productivity that occurs when servers must be taken offine. Snapshots allow applications to take online backup. This paper discusses the design and implementation of a layered device driver in Linux for persistent snapshots. This paper also discusses the design issues involved in developing a snapshot device driver in a clustered environment.
Using a very high level language to build families of high quality reusable components
Authors: Gary F. Pollice
Venue: Proceedings of the USENIX 1994 Very High Level Languages Symposium Proceedings on USENIX 1994 Very High Level Languages Symposium Proceedings (1994)

While most programs are designed to perform a specific task, they have a natural evolution over time; causing a single program to become a set of programs that perform related tasks. In 1976 David Parnas introduced the concept of a family of programs [11]. He suggests that any program should be considered a member of a family of programs, all of which perform related tasks. If one plans for change when a program is designed less effort may be required to produce future revisions. Today there is an emphasis on building software components for reuse. Components may be designs, programs, functions, classes, or code segments. Major reuse projects are in progress at several institutions, for example, the Software Productivity Consortium and the Software Engineering Institute [1,6]. Processes have been developed to introduce and support reuse programs. The disciplines of domain engineering and software synthesis emphasize creating families of components and developing tools to assist in constructing them. Component generation is a prominent part of most efforts.
3-D emitter localization using inhomogeneous bistatic scattering
Authors: S. D. Coutts
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1999. on 1999 IEEE International Conference - Volume 03 (1999)

The purpose of this work is to establish how a moving emitter can be localized by a passive receiver using inhomogeneous bistatic scattering. This is a novel localization technique that assumes no a priori knowledge of the location of the reflecting sources. The emitter parameters of range, heading, velocity, and altitude are estimated and the variances of the estimates are determined. The proposed estimator is successfully demonstrated using field data collected at White Sands Missile Range during the DARPA/Navy Mountaintop program. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
A Scalable Geographic Service Provision Framework for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Authors: Xiaojing Xiang, Xin Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications (2007)

Supporting scalable and efficient routing and service provision in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET) has been a big research challenge. Conventional topology-based unicast and multicast protocols are normally hard to scale due to the big overhead in their routing schemes. Supported by these routing protocols, conventional service discovery schemes also have limited scalability and efficiency. Basing their forwarding decisions only on the local topology, geographic-based unicast routing protocols have drawn a lot of attentions in recent years. However, current geographic unicast routing can not adapt to different traffic conditions in a service provision network and current geographic multicast protocols can hardly scale to a large network size and group size. We propose a geographic routing and service provision framework for MANET which possesses the features of scalability, efficiency, robustness and adaptability. In the framework, an efficient hierarchical structure is built and maintained, based on which a scalable membership management is deployed to efficiently track the resource and service states. An adaptive and reactive geographic unicast routing protocol and a scalable and robust multicast protocol are designed to meet the different routing requirements in a service provision network. With the support of all of these components, the service provision functions, such as service discovery, delivery and coordination, can be deployed in the framework.
Revising the IS undergraduate model curriculum
Authors: Heikki Topi
Venue: ACM SIGCSE Bulletin (2007)

Writing my first inroads IS Education column requires stepping into big shoes. I take this opportunity to thank my mentor, friend, and colleague, Dr. John T. Gorgone, for the excellent work he has done with this column to keep the broader computing community aware of the events and issues under discussion in IS education, to promote new initiatives, and to form connections between IS and other computing disciplines. I am looking forward to building on the strong foundation his work has formed.
winDSK: a Windows-based DSP demonstration and debugging program
Authors: M. G. Morrow
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 06 (2000)

Today there is a global need for engineers who are DSP literate. An obvious solution for supplying this need is to educate new engineers. To help educate the next generation of DSP engineers, several powerful and highly versatile DSP boards designed for educational use are offered. The problem with most of these systems is that they lack user-friendly software to demonstrate the capabilities of the DSP boards. Some of the software shipped with these devices has a very steep learning curve, while other packages are still DOS or command line based. Most of today's students are hesitant to approach these impediments to learning without significant motivation. To allow a student's first hardware based DSP experience to be a positive one, software tools must be provided that are affordable, easy to install, attention getting, Windows based, and feature rich. This paper discusses winDSK, an object-oriented application program that meets these requirements.
A framework for building an electronic currency system
Authors: Lei Tang
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th conference on USENIX Security Symposium, Focusing on Applications of Cryptography - Volume 6 (1996)

We describe the framework for building an electronic currency system. We detail the design of the components of the electronic currency system and the relationship among them. Contrary to the previous electronic currency literature, which focus exclusively on electronic currency protocol designs, we address how to achieve both transaction atomicity and transaction anonymity at the presence of the hostile failures, which are common in an electronic currency system if the customers or the merchants are dishonest or malicious. We also propose a recovery method called redo_transaction to recover from hostile failures so that the aborted electronic currency transactions caused by the hostile failures can be forced to commit eventually. The structure of the electronic currency system is protocol-independent in the sense that those Chaum-like off-line electronic currency protocol could be incorporated into our framework.
Design of RNS-based distributed arithmetic DWT filterbanks
Authors: J. Ramirez
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 200. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 02 (2001)

The need for both speed and increased precision in modern digital signal processing (DSP) applications represents a serious implementation obstacle. The paper explores the arithmetic benefits provided by the residue number system (RNS) for the design of such systems. Specifically, the fusion of the RNS with the popular distributed arithmetic (DA) is considered for the implementation of a discrete wavelet transform (DWT) filter bank. An exhaustive comparison of the advantages of RNS-DA over the traditional two's complement design, 2C-DA, is carried out for field-programmable logic (FPL), and cell-based ASIC technologies. The results show that the reported RNS-DA methodology, compared to a traditional 2C-DA design, enjoys a significant performance advantage that increases with precision.
Fast encoding algorithms for MPEG-4 TwinVQ audio tool
Authors: N. Iwakami
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2001. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 05 (2001)

The ISO/IEC MPEG-4 audio standard includes the TwinVQ encoding tool. This tool is suitable for low-bit-rate general audio coding, but a drawback is the computational complexity of the encoder. To develop a faster TwinVQ encoder, new fast vector quantization algorithms - area localized pre-selection and hit zone masking - are introduced. These algorithms exploit the pre- and main-selection procedure scheme of the conjugate structure vector quantization which is used in the TwinVQ. The improvement is evaluated by measuring the encoding speed and the sound quality of reproduction.
Timing simulation of interconnected AUTOSAR software-components
Authors: Matthias Krause, Oliver Bringmann, André Hergenhan, Gökhan Tabanoglu, Wolfgang Rosentiel
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe (2007)

AUTOSAR is a recent specification initiative which focuses on a model-driven architecture like methodology for automotive applications. However, needed engineering steps, or how-to-come from a logical to a technical architecture respectively implementation, are not well supported by tools, yet. In contrast, SystemC offers a comprehensive way to simulate, analyze, and verify software. Furthermore, it is even able to take the timing behavior of underlying hardware and communication paths into account. Already at a first glance, there are many similarities with respect to the modeling structure between the both concepts. Therefore, this paper discusses approaches on how to use SystemC during the design process of AUTOSAR-conform systems.
Experiences on an open source translation effort in Japan
Authors: Hiroki Sato, Keitaro Sekine
Venue: Proceedings of the BSD Conference 2002 on BSD Conference (2002)

As network connectivity becomes more world-wide, the importance of translation efforts among open source software projects has grown rapidly. Many projects, including FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD, already have some teams responsible for translating documents into other languages, but there seems to be few reports in respect to problems, efficiency, and so forth around the projects. Translation work has several common characteristics and problems that are obviously different from typical software development. This paper describes them through my experiences with FreeBSD Japanese Documentation Project (doc-jp) for last two years, and points out the tasks that are required for such work.
Video Representation with Dynamic Features from Multi-Frame Frame- Difference Images
Authors: Michelle J. Lee, Alexander S. Lee, D. Kyungsuk Lee, Soo-Young Lee
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE Workshop on Motion and Video Computing (2007)

The extraction of dynamic motion features are reported from multiple video frames by three unsupervised learning algorithms, i.e., Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Independent Component Analysis (ICA), and Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF). Since the human perception of facial motion goes through two different pathways, i.e., the lateral fusifom gyrus for the invariant aspects and the superior temporal sulcus for the changeable aspects of faces, we extracted the dynamic video features from multiple consecutive frames for the latter. Both the original videos and the frame-difference sequences are used for comparison. The required number of multiframe features for the same representation accuracy is almost independent upon the frame length. Therefore, the multiple-frame features are much more efficient for video representation than the single-frame static features. The extracted features are also used for lipreading, and the features from frame-difference sequences demonstrated better recognition rates than those from original videos.
How appearance of robotic agents affects how people interpret the agents' attitudes
Authors: Takanori Komatsu, Seiji Yamada
Venue: Proceedings of the international conference on Advances in computer entertainment technology (2007)

An experimental investigation of how the appearance of robotic agents affects interpretations people make of the agents' attitudes is described. We conducted a psychological experiment where participants were presented artificial sounds that can make people estimate specific agents' primitive attitudes from three kinds of agents, e.g., a Mindstorms robot, AIBO robot, and normal laptop PC. They were also asked to select the correct attitudes based on the sounds expressed by these three agents. The results showed that the participants had higher interpretation rates when a PC presented the sounds, while they had lower rates when Mindstorms and AIBO robots presented the sounds, even though the artificial sounds expressed by these agents were completely the same.
Minitrack: Cyber Security
Authors: Carl Hauser
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (2007)

Like other parts of the economy, the electric power infrastructure is increasingly dependent on accurate and timely exchange of information for operations and markets. Vulnerabilities in the cyber infrastructure that supports this information exchange create risks for the reliability, efficiency and integrity of the power system. The changing regulatory environment, more reliance on distributed generation, and new sensitivities about attacks on the grid's cyber infrastructure increase the importance of the subject. At the same time, incorporation of internet technology into control systems affords new opportunities for reduced costs and better functionality while also presenting new vulnerabilities. The three papers in this session address both current cyber security issues and ones that are likely to emerge in the near future.
Bayesian finite mixtures with an unknown number of components: The allocation sampler
Authors: Agostino Nobile, Alastair T. Fearnside
Venue: Statistics and Computing (2007)

A new Markov chain Monte Carlo method for the Bayesian analysis of finite mixture distributions with an unknown number of components is presented. The sampler is characterized by a state space consisting only of the number of components and the latent allocation variables. Its main advantage is that it can be used, with minimal changes, for mixtures of components from any parametric family, under the assumption that the component parameters can be integrated out of the model analytically. Artificial and real data sets are used to illustrate the method and mixtures of univariate and of multivariate normals are explicitly considered. The problem of label switching, when parameter inference is of interest, is addressed in a post-processing stage.
Adaptive Debug and Diagnosis without Fault Dictionaries
Authors: Stefan Holst, Hans-Joachim Wunderlich
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th IEEE European Test Symposium (2007)

Diagnosis is essential in modern chip production to increase yield, and debug constitutes a major part in the presilicon development process. For recent process technologies, defect mechanisms are increasingly complex, and continuous efforts are made to model these defects by using sophisticated fault models. Traditional static approaches for debug and diagnosis with a simplified fault model are more and more limited. In this paper, a method is presented, which identifies possible faulty regions in a combinational circuit, based on its input/output behavior and independent of a fault model. The new adaptive, statistical approach combines a flexible and powerful effect-cause pattern analysis algorithm with high-resolution ATPG. We show the effectiveness of the approach through experiments with benchmark and industrial circuits.
Robust maximum likelihood source localization by exploiting predictable acoustic modes
Authors: J. Tabrikian
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 06 (1996)

This paper presents a robust maximum-likelihood estimator for matched-field source localization in the presence of uncertainties in the ocean environment. The method is based on a decomposition of the field into predictable and unpredictable subspaces of the acoustic normal mode representation. The performance of the method is evaluated and compared to other matched-field methods using simulations and acoustic array data from the Mediterranean Sea. The algorithm has superior probability of correct localization than the maximum-likelihood, matched-mode-processing, and Bartlett methods.
Resolving Dilemmas in Software Engineering Education
Authors: David Parnas
Venue: Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Software Engineering Education & Training (2007)

Anyone developing a Software Engineering curriculum is faced with several dilemmas: Should it emphasize fundamental principles or current technology? Should it teach about a wide variety of approaches or how to use a few important methods? When discussing how the software industry does things, should we teach that this is what to do or what not to do? How should we balance "Core Engineering' vs. "Software Engineering' This talk will discuss one set of answers to these questions and outline a curriculum that implements them.
Magnetic Stimulation of the Right Visual Cortex Impairs Form-specific Priming
Authors: Gorana Pobric, Stefan R. Schweinberger, Michal Lavidor
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2007)

Recent evidence suggests that priming of objects across different images (abstract priming) and priming of specific images of an object (form-specific priming) are mediated by dissociable neural processing subsystems that operate in parallel and are predominantly linked to left and right hemispheric processing, respectively [Marsolek, C. J. Dissociable neural subsystems underlie abstract and specific object recognition. Psychological Science, 10, 111--118, 1999]. Previous brain imaging studies have provided important information about the neuroanatomical regions that are involved in form-specific and abstract priming; however, these techniques did not fully establish the functional significance of priming-related changes in cortical brain activity. Here, we used repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in order to establish the functional role of the right occipital cortex in form-specific priming [Kroll, N. E. A., Yonelinas, A. P., Kishiyama, M. M., Baynes, K., Knight, R. T., & Gazzaniga, M. S. The neural substrates of visual implicit memory: Do the two hemispheres play different roles? Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 15, 833--842, 2003]. Compared to no TMS and sham TMS, rTMS of the right occipital cortex disrupted immediate form-specific priming in a semantic categorization task. Left occipital rTMS, on the other hand, had no converse effect on abstractive priming. Abstract priming may involve deeper semantic processing and may be unresponsive to magnetic stimulation of a single cortical locus. Our TMS results show that form-specific priming relies on a visual word-form system localized in the right occipital lobe, in line with the predictions from divided visual field behavioral studies [Marsolek, 1999].
Neural network approach for linearization of the electrostatically actuated double-gimballed micromirror
Authors: Guangya Zhou, K. K. L. Cheo, F. E. H. Tay
Venue: Proceedings of the Symposium on Design, Test, Integration and Packaging of MEMS/MOEMS (2003)

In this paper, a hierarchical circuit based approach is used for the development of a reduced-order macro-model for a double-gimballed electrostatic torsional micromirror. The nonlinearity and cross-axis coupling of the micromirror subjected to the differential driving scheme are investigated using the proposed macro-model. The simulation results are used to train a feed-forward neural network which carries out a function approximation of the relation between the desired location and the required driving voltages. The trained neural network is then coded into MAST AHDL. System-level simulation of the micromirror together with the neural network is performed in the SABER/spl trade/ simulator. It is found that using a feed-forward neural network, the linearity of the micromirror is greatly improved, the steady state of the cross-axis coupling is reduced to a negligible level and the transient response of the cross-axis coupling is also suppressed. This implies that introducing a feed-forward neural network would be useful to simplify the design of the feedback control system for the double-gimballed electrostatic torsional micromirror.