ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Apply Rough Set Theory into the Web Services Composition
Authors: Wen Yau Liang
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications (2008)

Web services are being adopted, more and more, as a viable means of accessing Web-based applications. At present, there is a trend towards deploying business processes as composite web services, known as web services compositions. Web services compositions are synthesized by researchers from elementary web services, offering the opportunity for service providers and application developers to create value-added services, through web services composition. However, a problem exists in the current distribution process of web services compositions: the general analysis and selection of services can be overly complex and un-systemic. Genetic Algorithms (GA) has been widely used to solve optimization problems for large scale and complex systems. However, when insufficient knowledge is incorporated, GA is less efficient in terms of searching for an optimal solution. This paper develops a generic genetic algorithm incorporating knowledge extracted from the rough set theory. The advantages of the proposed solution approach include improving the performance of the GA by reducing the domain range of initial population, rule constraining crossover process and rule constrained mutation process, using the rough set theory for composite web services. Also by proposing the hybrid approach, the GA and rough set theory can operate effectively thus to produce an optimal solution
Preliminary study on pyroelectric lithium tantalite by a novel electrostatic spray pyrolysis technique
Authors: S. Youssef, R. Al Asmar, J. Podlecki, M. Abdallah, D. Zaouk, A. Foucaran
Venue: Microelectronics Journal (2008)

In this paper, we report the first results obtained for pyroelectric LiTaO"3 thin films prepared on silicon substrates by electrostatic spray pyrolysis (ESP), a simple, low cost and efficient technique not widely used for LiTaO"3 deposition, using lithium acetylacetonate and tantalum ethoxide in a mixture of methanol. The effect of the growth and annealing temperature on the structural and optical properties has been investigated. X-ray diffraction measurements have shown that LiTaO"3 thin films became preferentially oriented in the (0,1,2) plane after annealing treatment in an oxygen environment using the rapid thermal processing. On the other hand, a thermal stress's modeling is performed to observe the effect of growth temperature on the as-deposited films and the substrates. The SEM images have shown that the film heat-treated at 600^oC became more homogeneous and smoother than that before annealing. The optical phonon modes of the LiTaO"3 thin films have been also investigated using infrared reflectivity (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy.
On the structure of graphs in the Caucal hierarchy
Authors: Achim Blumensath
Venue: Theoretical Computer Science (2008)

We investigate the structure of graphs in the Caucal hierarchy. We provide criteria concerning the degree of vertices or the length of paths which can be used to show that a given graph does not belong to a certain level of this hierarchy. Each graph in the Caucal hierarchy corresponds to the configuration graph of some higher-order pushdown automaton. The main part of the paper consists of a study of such configuration graphs. We provide tools to decompose and reassemble their runs, and we prove a pumping lemma for higher-order pushdown automata.
A Remote Sensing Image Fusion Algorithm Based on Ordinal Fast Independent Component Analysis
Authors: Zhongni Wang, Xianchuan Yu, Libao Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (2008)

Data fusion on remote sensing is hot in current image processing. A new approach, that is the ordinal fast independent component analysis for remote image fusion between Landsat ETM+ panchromatic and CBERS multi-spectral images, is proposed to eliminate high-order image data redundancy for two different Remote sensing images. The independent components are done factor analysis, and then the fused image is obtained by applying image fusion rule. Visual and statistical analysis proves that the concept of fusion based on the ordinal fast independent component analysis is promising, and it significantly increases the signal-to-noise ratio and improves the fusion quality.
Improvement of high resolution lithography by using amorphous carbon hard mask
Authors: S. Pauliac-Vaujour, P. Brianceau, C. Comboroure, O. Faynot
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2008)

The aim of this paper is to demonstrate a new approach for improving high resolution lithography by using an amorphous carbon hard mask with an oxide capping layer. A full 3D resist pattern characterization was achieved using a Vecco Dimension X3D Atomic Force Microscope to determine process windows. Finally, we succeeded in patterning sub-30nm dense line arrays. This novel technique was also used to achieve sub-30nm FDSOI transistor gates by hybrid lithography (e-beam/DUV).
Inverse problem for coefficient identification in the Euler-Bernoulli equation
Authors: Tchavdar T. Marinov, Aghalaya S. Vatsala
Venue: Computers Mathematics with Applications (2008)

A special technique has been developed for the identification of the solution and the unknown coefficient in the Euler-Bernoulli equation. The original problem of the unknown coefficient identification from over-posed data is transferred into a higher-order well-posed problem following the idea of the Method of Variational Imbedding. The new boundary value problem is solved by means of an iterative finite difference scheme. The scheme is thoroughly validated and is shown to have a second-order truncation error.
Combining ontology queries with key word search in the GloServ service discovery system
Authors: Knarig Arabshian, Henning Schulzrinne
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 ACM/IFIP/USENIX international conference on Middleware companion (2007)

GloServ is a global service discovery system which aggregates different types of services in a globally distributed network. It improves on current service discovery systems by scaling across a globally distributed network and allowing intelligent querying and registration of services. It uses the OWL DL sublanguage of the Web Ontology Language to classify services in an ontology and map knowledge obtained by the ontology onto a scalable hierarchical peer-to-peer network. We present an enhanced novel querying mechanism for service discovery which combines ontology queries with key word search.
2008 Special Issue: Reinforcement learning of motor skills with policy gradients
Authors: Jan Peters, Stefan Schaal
Venue: Neural Networks (2008)

Autonomous learning is one of the hallmarks of human and animal behavior, and understanding the principles of learning will be crucial in order to achieve true autonomy in advanced machines like humanoid robots. In this paper, we examine learning of complex motor skills with human-like limbs. While supervised learning can offer useful tools for bootstrapping behavior, e.g., by learning from demonstration, it is only reinforcement learning that offers a general approach to the final trial-and-error improvement that is needed by each individual acquiring a skill. Neither neurobiological nor machine learning studies have, so far, offered compelling results on how reinforcement learning can be scaled to the high-dimensional continuous state and action spaces of humans or humanoids. Here, we combine two recent research developments on learning motor control in order to achieve this scaling. First, we interpret the idea of modular motor control by means of motor primitives as a suitable way to generate parameterized control policies for reinforcement learning. Second, we combine motor primitives with the theory of stochastic policy gradient learning, which currently seems to be the only feasible framework for reinforcement learning for humanoids. We evaluate different policy gradient methods with a focus on their applicability to parameterized motor primitives. We compare these algorithms in the context of motor primitive learning, and show that our most modern algorithm, the Episodic Natural Actor-Critic outperforms previous algorithms by at least an order of magnitude. We demonstrate the efficiency of this reinforcement learning method in the application of learning to hit a baseball with an anthropomorphic robot arm.
Brief paper: L2 and H2 performance analysis and gain-scheduling synthesis for parameter-dependent systems
Authors: Emmanuel Prempain, Ian Postlethwaite
Venue: Automatica (Journal of IFAC) (2008)

This paper focuses on quadratic performance analysis and output feedback gain-scheduling synthesis for parameter-dependent systems with linear fractional representations (LFRs). New quadratic H"2 and L"2 performance analysis results based on full-block multipliers are given. A novel gain-scheduling output feedback synthesis, which can be regarded as a natural extension of the loop shaping design procedure of McFarlane and Glover to parameter-dependent systems, is proposed. This gain-scheduling technique is computationally attractive and yields a simple and transparent control structure that can be easily implemented. Its effectiveness is illustrated on a benchmark missile autopilot example.
An efficient iconic indexing strategy for image rotation and reflection in image databases
Authors: Wei-Horng Yeh, Ye-In Chang
Venue: Journal of Systems and Software (2008)

Spatial relationships are important issues for similarity-based retrieval in many image database applications. With the popularity of digital cameras and the related image processing software, a sequence of images are often rotated or flipped. That is, those images are transformed in the rotation orientation or the reflection direction. However, many iconic indexing strategies based on symbolic projection are sensitive to rotation or reflection. Therefore, these strategies may miss the qualified images, when the query is issued in the orientation different from the orientation of the database images. To solve this problem, some researchers proposed a function to map the spatial relationship to its transformed one. However, this mapping consists of several conditional statements, which is time-consuming. Thus, in this paper, we propose an efficient iconic indexing strategy, in which we carefully assign a unique bit pattern to each spatial relationship and record the spatial information based on the bit patterns in a matrix. Without generating the rotated or flipped image, we can directly derive the index of the rotated or flipped image from the index of the original one by bit operations and matrix manipulation. In our performance study, we analyze the time complexity of our proposed strategy and show the efficiency of our proposed strategy according to the simulation results. Moreover, we implement a prototype to validate our proposed strategy.
Ultra high aspect-ratio MEMS and NEMS on basis of fibrous composite technology
Authors: Sergey Sukhoveyev
Venue: Microsystem Technologies (2008)

Indisputably, microelectronics is the mother of the MEMS/NEMS technologies. Unfortunately, the majority of developed MEMS and NEMS devices inherited from microelectronics technologies not only of merit but also deficiencies one of which is their planarity. Recently developed devices on the flexible base and also devices with the moving elements on the hinges, in principle, remain geometrically flat. With this micro- and nano-mechanisms (motors, actuators, sensors, etc.) they are not divided with the base (from silicon or another material) large part of which (volume and mass) functionally is not used and has usual of macro sizes (dimensions of a chip). As a result, these ultra modern planar technologies are helpless with the creation of powerful autonomous 3D-devices with the overall sizes &#x223c;(1&#x2013;10)&#x00a0;mm3. The author makes the attempt to estimate the prospects for development and fabrication of topology complex 3D MEMS/NEMS, for example, flaying microrobot and elastic micro motor on the basis of fibrous composites&#x2014;ultra high aspect-ratio glass structures with predetermined 3D micro- and nano-topologies and embedded wires.
Splitting (complicated) surfaces is hard
Authors: Erin W. Chambers, Éric Colin de Verdière, Jeff Erickson, Francis Lazarus, Kim Whittlesey
Venue: Computational Geometry: Theory and Applications (2008)

Let M be an orientable combinatorial surface. A cycle on M is splitting if it has no self-intersections and it partitions M into two components, neither of which is homeomorphic to a disk. In other words, splitting cycles are simple, separating, and non-contractible. We prove that finding the shortest splitting cycle on a combinatorial surface is NP-hard but fixed-parameter tractable with respect to the surface genus g and the number of boundary components b of the surface. Specifically, we describe an algorithm to compute the shortest splitting cycle in (g+b)^O^(^g^+^b^)nlogn time, where n is the complexity of the combinatorial surface.
A new fault current-sensing scheme for fast fault protection of the insulated gate bipolar transistor
Authors: In-Hwan Ji, Min-Woo Ha, Young-Hwan Choi, Seung-Chul Lee, Chong-Man Yun, Min-Koo Han
Venue: Microelectronics Journal (2008)

A new fault current-sensing scheme employing the floating p-well for fast protection of the insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) from the short-circuit faults is proposed and verified by employing 2D mixed mode simulation, based on the previous experimental results. The proposed floating p-well current-sensing scheme detects not the normal operating current but the fault current of the main IGBT by using the diode connected MOSFET and a resistor, when the short-circuit fault occurs. The diode-connected MOSFET eliminates the degradation of the forward voltage drop, because the floating p-well current does not flow under the normal operating condition due to the threshold voltage of the diode connected MOSFET. The proposed current sensor increases the protection speed without any additional delay time by the external blanking filter.
Supporting OLAP operations over imperfectly integrated taxonomies
Authors: Yan Qi, K. Selçuk Candan, Junichi Tatemura, Songting Chen, Fenglin Liao
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data (2008)

OLAP is an important tool in decision support. With the help of domain knowledge, such as hierarchies of attribute values, OLAP helps the user observe the effects of various decisions. One assumption of most OLAP operations is that the available domain knowledge is precise. In particular, they assume that the hierarchy of values over which the user can navigate forms a taxonomy. In this paper, we first note that when multiple heterogeneous data sources are involved in the gathering of the data and the associated domain knowledge, the integrated knowledge-base, constructed by combining locally available taxonomies based on the concept matchings, may not be a taxonomy itself. Specifically, existence of intersections among concepts from different sources compromises the tree-structure of the integrated taxonomy and prevents effective use of hierarchical navigation techniques, such as drill-down and roll-up. To cope with this, we introduce concept un-classification, where a select few of the concepts are eliminated to ensure that the remaining structure is a navigable taxonomy, without concept intersections. Since un-classifying an originally classified data is not desirable, we consider ways to minimize un-classification in the process. We introduce a cost model which captures the imprecision caused by the un-classification process and we formulate the problem of finding an un-classification strategy which eliminates intersections and which adds minimal imprecision to the resulting structure. We show that, when performed naively, this task can be very costly and thus we propose a bottom-up preprocessing strategy which supports basic navigational analytics operations, such as drill-down and roll-up. Experiments over synthetic and real-life data verified the effectiveness and efficiency of our approach.
Evaluation on the urban spatial shape of Wuhan
Authors: Luo Minghai
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th WSEAS International Conference on Applied Mathematics and Computer Science (2005)

This research uses the methods of mathematical statistics to quantitatively measure and evaluate the characteristic of the urban spatial shape of Wuhan, including the movement and deviation of the function centers, the form ratio and circularity ratio and compactness ratio of the outer geometrical shape, and the traffic distance of the inner connection. The results show that each method has its strongpoint and limitation, so it's necessary to use the various methods comprehensively in order to evaluate the rationality of the urban function layout completely.
A multiscale approach to texture-based image retrieval
Authors: Mohammad Faizal Ahmad Fauzi, Paul H. Lewis
Venue: Pattern Analysis Applications (2008)

This paper presents research on a robust technique for texture-based image retrieval in multimedia museum collections. The aim is to be able to use a query image patch containing a single texture to retrieve images containing an area with similar texture to that in the query. The feature extractor used to build the feature vectors is based on an improved version of the discrete wavelet frames (DWF), proposed elsewhere. In order to utilise the feature extractor on real scene image datasets, a block-oriented decomposition technique, termed the multiscale sub-image matching method, is presented. The multiscale method, together with the DWF, provide an efficient content-based retrieval technique without the need for segmentation. The algorithms are tested on a range of databases of texture images as well as on real museum image collections. Promising results are reported.
Molecular Communication A Biochemically-Engineered Communication System
Authors: Yuki Moritani, Satoshi Hiyama, Tatsuya Suda
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 Frontiers in the Convergence of Bioscience and Information Technologies (2007)

Molecular communication uses molecules (i.e., chemical signals) as an information carrier and allows biological and artificially-created nanoor cell-scale devices to communicate over a short distance. It is a new communication paradigm and is different from the existing communication paradigm that uses electromagnetic waves (i.e., electronic and optical signals) as an information carrier. Key research challenges in molecular communication include design of a sender, design of a propagation system, design of a receiver, design of a communication interface, and mathematical modeling of the molecular communication components and system. This paper describes the design and the initial experimental results of a communication interface, a propagation system, and a receiver in molecular communication.
Biological LC/MS Preprocessing and Analysis with jABC, jETI and xcms
Authors: Christian Kubczak, Tiziana Margaria, Arno Fritsch, Bernhard Steffen
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Leveraging Applications of Formal Methods, Verification and Validation (2006)

LC/MS is a successful analysis technique for the statistical analysis used in several branches of biology. It requires an intense screening and combination of the raw data, which is usually done with programs and libraries invoked by scripts in the domain-specific statistics language S or R. We show here how to model and implement this complex workflow in a service-oriented fashion, using the jABC service definition environment and jETI for remote service integration and execution.
A compact package for integrated silicon thermal gas flow meters
Authors: P. Bruschi, V. Nurra, M. Piotto
Venue: Microsystem Technologies (2008)

An original packaging method suitable for integrated thermal mass flow sensors is presented. The method is based on a polymethyl-methacrylate (PMMA) adapter, used to convey the fluid flow to the chip areas where the sensing structures are located. Sealing of the adapter was obtained by heating the chip itself to the PMMA glass transition temperature, in order to soften the adapter front surface and improve adhesion. The proposed approach was applied to the packaging of thermal flow meters obtained by post-processing standard integrated circuits. The resulting compact devices have been characterized by measuring the response to a nitrogen flow. Fabrication and testing of a very compact flow sensor is described.
A Knowledge-based Segmentation Method Integrating both Region and Boundary Information of Medical Images
Authors: Jianwei Dong, Shi Zhang, Lihuang She
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on BioMedical Engineering and Informatics - Volume 01 (2008)

In this article, the author proposed a hybrid segmentation method which integrates region, boundary and priori knowledge information of medical images. The basic algorithm of this method is level set active contours. The speed function is initialized according to the gradient of the image, and is modified according to statistical characteristic of the segmented regions as the curve evolves. To make the curve stop accurately at the boundary of the object, an energy function is constructed by improving Chan-Vese model. The priori knowledge of the region of interest (ROI) is also integrated into this energy function. The experiment data consists of both simulated images and real clinical images. Precision, accuracy and efficiency are considered in evaluating this method. The evaluation result shows that this method is robust, accurate and has high performance, especially when the boundary is weak or dotted.
Collision Avoidance in VANETs - An Application for Ontological Context Models
Authors: Robert Eigner, Georg Lutz
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 Sixth Annual IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications (2008)

Today, a huge variety of sensors is built into vehiclesenabling them to obtain a view of their surroundingsbased on locally observed data. With VANETs(vehicular ad-hoc networks) as an emerging technology,it is possible both to disseminate data to othervehicles and to collect information in order to improvetheir own picture of the current situation. However,distributed applications based on VANETs still needto agree on a "common understanding" of context forinteroperability on a contextual level. In recent years,ontologies have become the "silver bullet" for describingconcepts and their relationship in a semanticallyrich manner. In this paper, we apply this approach tocontext modeling and propose a collision avoidanceapplication in order to show that applications canbenefit from the advantages of ontological models likedistributed composition, partial validation, richnessand quality of information and a certain level offormality. Also, we want to prove that calculationson the model are still fast enough to fulfill real-timerequirements imposed by active safety for vehicles.Two different scenarios with different context modelsbut unchanged applications show the advantages ofontologies with respect to extensibility of models. Inaddition, it is shown that larger and more complexmodels do not necessarily increase the execution times.
Smoothing by mollifiers. Part I: semi-infinite optimization
Authors: Hubertus Th. Jongen, Oliver Stein
Venue: Journal of Global Optimization (2008)

We show that a compact feasible set of a standard semi-infinite optimization problem can be approximated arbitrarily well by a level set of a single smooth function with certain regularity properties. This function is constructed as the mollification of the lower level optimal value function. Moreover, we use correspondences between Karush---Kuhn---Tucker points of the original and the smoothed problem, and between their associated Morse indices, to prove the connectedness of the so-called min---max digraph for semi-infinite problems.