ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
CLOUDLET: towards mapreduce implementation on virtual machines
Authors: Shadi Ibrahim, Hai Jin, Bin Cheng, Haijun Cao, Song Wu, Li Qi
Venue: Proceedings of the 18th ACM international symposium on High performance distributed computing (2009)

The existing MapReduce framework in virtualized environment suffers from poor performance, due to the heavy overhead of I/O virtualization, and management difficulty for storage and computation. To address the problems, we propose Cloudlet, a novel MapReduce framework on virtual machines. The aim of Cloudlet design is to overcome the overhead of VM while benefiting of the other features of VM (i.e. management and reliability issues).
A collaborative ubiquitous learning platform for computer science education
Authors: Judy C.R. Tseng, Sunny Y.Y. Hsu, Gwo-Jen Hwang
Venue: Proceedings of the 14th annual ACM SIGCSE conference on Innovation and technology in computer science education (2009)

For teaching the computer architecture, especially in the course of "Introduction to the Computer Sciences", it is a good practice for a student to assemble and re-assemble a set of personal computer system by himself. We called the practice PC-DIY lab. In our experiences, most of the students like the PC-DIY lab very much since they can touch and see each components of a computer system and learn how to put them together correctly. However, it is unlikely to assign one teaching assistant for each student when the practice class is going on. It is usually the case that only one or two teaching assistants are available. Therefore, the students are usually not able to get prompt supports when they encounter some problems during the practice. To cope with this problem, a Collaborative Ubiquitous Learning Platform (CULP) is designed and developed for assisting the students during the PC-DIY lab.
How Just Could a Robot War Be?
Authors: Peter M. Asaro
Venue: Proceeding of the 2008 conference on Current Issues in Computing and Philosophy (2008)

While modern states may never cease to wage war against one another, they have recognized moral restrictions on how they conduct those wars. These “rules of war” serve several important functions in regulating the organization and behavior of military forces, and shape political debates, negotiations, and public perception. While the world has become somewhat accustomed to the increasing technological sophistication of warfare, it now stands at the verge of a new kind of escalating technology--autonomous robotic soldiers--and with them new pressures to revise the rules of war to accommodate them. This paper will consider the fundamental issues of justice involved in the application of autonomous and semiautonomous robots in warfare. It begins with a review of just war theory, as articulated by Michael Walzer [1], and considers how robots might fit into the general framework it provides. In so doing it considers how robots, “smart” bombs, and other autonomous technologies might challenge the principles of just war theory, and how international law might be designed to regulate them. I conclude that deep contradictions arise in the principles intended to govern warfare and our intuitions regarding the application of autonomous technologies to war fighting.
Weaving Pedagogy into Gaming: Learning Design Principles for Developers
Authors: Yam San Chee, Yi Liu, Khai Seng Hong
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on Learning by Effective Utilization of Technologies: Facilitating Intercultural Understanding (2006)

The current level of interest in gaming for learning is not matched by availability of detailed guiding principles and case studies of how learning designers should go about designing computer games that are pedagogically effective. In this paper, we share our learning design experience in the creation of Ideal Force, a multiplayer 3D computer game for helping students to overcome common misunderstandings related to projectile motion. Based on lessons learned through usability testing and iterative design, we articulate three principles of learning design for educational game developers.
The use of wiki to support dispersedn-collaborator dialogue: a design theory for a dispersed bohmian dialogue
Authors: Terry Ryan
Venue:  (2008)

This dissertation is a proof-of-concept development of a collaborative virtual space based on the Dialogue of David Bohm. Dialogue searches for the truth. Bohm believes this happens in non-goal-oriented collaborative communication. Bohm's dialogue is not related to goal-seeking since that forces limitations on the process; however, this research is conducted to be applicable to both non-goal-based and goal-based collaboration. Bohmian dialogues have occurred as face-to-face meetings of people. Dispersed groups could benefit from the use of dialogues. This research is based on the essential constructs presented by Bohm (kernel theory) but is extended to resolve the geographical and temporal constraints inherent in Bohm's ideal. The ability to engage in a Bohmian dialogue with anyone that has access to the Internet is possible. The technology is robust enough to support this activity with the depth and breadth that is required in the Bohmian scheme. However, this study is not about outcomes from the dialogue, but rather about the process of creating a virtual space in which a dialogue can exist and flourish. No suitable theory exists for the class of information system that is defined as a dispersed Bohmian dialogue. Therefore, this dissertation presents the design theory (after Walls, Widmeyer, and El Sawy, 1992) for the class of information system known as a dispersed Bohmian dialogue that stays true to the ideal that Bohm proffered whilst removing the constraints inherent in the face-to-face Bohmian dialogue. This design theory is presented as a set of guidelines and design and development principles that present the generalized information necessary for the construction and evaluation of a dispersed Bohmian dialogue. The design theory identifies nine testable hypotheses. An instantiation (artifact) of the design theory was built using generally available wiki technology. The instantiation was evaluated through the lens of the nine testable hypotheses using observation, ethnographic methods, textual analysis, and a post hoc survey of the participants. The results of this analysis supported all nine of the testable hypotheses. There was evidence to support the additional question, "did a Bohmian dialogue take place?"
VISPLORE: a toolkit to explore particle swarms by visual inspection
Authors: Namrata Khemka, Christian Jacob
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th Annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation (2009)

VISPLORE is an interactive toolkit to visualize data generated from population-based optimization algorithms. In particular, we demonstrate VISPLORE's capabilities by exploring solutions from particle swarm optimization on different levels - from individual solutions, to populations (as sets of solutions), to experiments (as sets of populations), and to collections of experiments. Users can control aspects of the various visual representations to view multi-dimensional data produced over time. Furthermore, our application includes a large range of automatic skimming tools, controlled by manual and automated sliders, and supports interactive manipulations. By using dynamic visualization techniques, we provide instant visualizations customizable by the user for data exploration tasks.
Enhancing parallel quasi-static particle-in-cell simulations with a pipelining algorithm
Authors: B. Feng, C. Huang, V. Decyk, W. B. Mori, P. Muggli, T. Katsouleas
Venue: Journal of Computational Physics (2009)

A pipelining algorithm to overcome the limitation on scaling quasi-static particle-in-cell models of relativistic beams in plasmas to a very large number of processors is described. The pipelining algorithm uses multiple groups of processors and optimizes the job allocation on the processors in parallel computing. The algorithm is implemented on the quasi-static code QuickPIC and is shown to scale to over 10^3 processors and increased the scale and speed by two orders of magnitude over the non-pipelined model. The new approach opens the door to performing full scale 3D simulations of future plasma wakefield accelerators or full lifetime models of beam interaction with electron clouds in circular accelerators such as the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN.
Problem decomposition using indirect reciprocity in evolved populations
Authors: Heather J. Goldsby, Sherri Goings, Jeff Clune, Charles Ofria
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th Annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation (2009)

Evolutionary problem decomposition techniques divide a complex problem into simpler subproblems, evolve individuals to produce subcomponents that solve the subproblems, and then assemble the subcomponents to produce an overall solution. Ideally, these techniques would automatically decompose the problem and dynamically assemble the subcomponents to form the solution. However, although significant progress in automated problem decomposition has been made, most techniques explicitly assemble the complete solution as part of the fitness function. In this paper, we propose a digital-evolution technique that lays the groundwork for enabling individuals within the population to dynamically decompose a problem and assemble a solution. Specifically, our approach evolves specialists that produce some subcomponents of a problem, cooperate with others to receive different subcomponents, and then assemble the subcomponents to produce an overall solution. We first establish that this technique is able to evolve specialists that cooperate. We then demonstrate that it is more effective to use a generalist strategy, wherein organisms solve the entire problem themselves, on simple problems, but that a specialist strategy is better on complex problems. Finally, we show that our technique automatically selects a generalist or specialist strategy based on the complexity of the problem.
Analyzing Domestic Violence with Topographic Maps: A Comparative Study
Authors: Jonas Poelmans, Paul Elzinga, Stijn Viaene, Guido Dedene, Marc M. Hulle
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Advances in Self-Organizing Maps (2009)

Topographic maps are an appealing exploratory instrument for discovering new knowledge from databases. During the recent years, several variations on the Self Organizing Maps (SOM) were introduced in the literature. In this paper, the toroidal Emergent SOM tool and the spherical SOM are used to analyze a text corpus consisting of police reports of all violent incidents that occurred during the first quarter of 2006 in the police region Amsterdam-Amstelland (The Netherlands). It is demonstrated that spherical topographic maps provide a powerful instrument for analyzing this dataset. In addition, the performance of the toroidal Emergent SOM is compared to that of the spherical SOM, and it turned out to be superior to that of an ordinary classifier, applied directly to the data.
Document analysis and visualization with zero-inflated poisson
Authors: Dora Alvarez, Hugo Hidalgo
Venue: Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery (2009)

Data visualization is aimed at obtaining a graphic representation of high dimensional information. A data projection over a lower dimensional space is pursued, looking for some structure on the projections. Among the several data projection based methods available, the Generative Topographic Mapping (GTM) has become an important probabilistic framework to model data. The application to document data requires a change in the original (Gaussian) model in order to consider binary or multinomial variables. There have been several modifications on GTM to consider this kind of data, but the resulting latent projections are all scattered on the visualization plane. A document visualization method is proposed in this paper, based on a generative probabilistic model consisting of a mixture of Zero-inflated Poisson distributions. The performance of the method is evaluated in terms of cluster forming for the latent projections with an index based on Fisher's classifier, and the topology preservation capability is measured with the Sammon's stress error. A comparison with the GTM implementation with Gaussian, multinomial and Poisson distributions and with a Latent Dirichlet model is presented, observing a greater performance for the proposed method. A graphic presentation of the projections is also provided, showing the advantage of the developed method in terms of visualization and class separation. A detailed analysis of some documents projected on the latent representation showed that most of the documents appearing away from the corresponding cluster could be identified as outliers.
Ranking Features by means of a Qualitative Optimisation Process
Authors: Mónica Sánchez, Yu-Chiang Hu, Francesc Prats, Xari Rovira, Josep M. Sayeras, John Dawson
Venue: Proceeding of the 2007 conference on Artificial Intelligence Research and Development (2007)

A set of qualitative measures describing a retail firm is considered. A qualitative ranking process of these features based on the managers' evaluations is presented. In a decision making context, this paper proposes a methodology to synthesise information given by ordinal data. Features are evaluated by each manager on an ordinal scale with different levels of precision and from two points of view: importance of the measure and performance on the measure. A representation for the different evaluations by means of k-dimensional qualitative orders of magnitude labels is proposed. The presented methodology deals with these evaluations to obtain two rankings based on comparing distances against a reference k-dimensional label. The final ranking of features with respect to their importance will help the managers to make decisions to improve the performance.
Learning Behaviors Models for Robot Execution Control
Authors: Guillaume Infantes, Félix Ingrand, Malik Ghallab
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on ECAI 2006: 17th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence August 29 -- September 1, 2006, Riva del Garda, Italy (2006)

Robust execution of robotic tasks is a difficult problem. In many situations, these tasks involve complex behaviors combining different functionalities (e.g. perception, localization, motion planning and motion execution). These behaviors are often programmed with a strong focus on the robustness of the behavior itself, not on the definition of a “high level” model to be used by a task planner and an execution controller. We propose to learn behaviors models as structured stochastic processes: Dynamic Bayesian Network. Indeed, the DBN formalism allows us to learn and control behaviors with controllable parameters. We experimented our approach on a real robot, where we learned over a large number of runs the model of a complex navigation task using a modified version of Expectation Maximization for DBN. The resulting DBN is then used to control the robot navigation behavior and we show that for some given objectives (e.g. avoid failure, optimize speed), the learned DBN driven controller performs much better than the programmed controller. We also show a way to achieve efficient incremental learning of the DBN. We believe that the proposed approach remains generic and can be used to learn complex behaviors other than navigation and for other autonomous systems.
Breaking and repairing trapdoor-free group signature schemes from Asiacrypt'2004
Authors: Xin-Yi Huang, Willy Susilo, Yi Mu, Fu-Tai Zhang
Venue: Journal of Computer Science and Technology (2007)

Group signature schemes allow a member of a group to sign messages anonymously on behalf of the group. In case of later dispute, a designated group manager can revoke the anonymity and identify the originator of a signature. In Asiacrypt2004, Nguyen and Safavi-Naini proposed a group signature scheme that has a constant-sized public key and signature length, and more importantly, their group signature scheme does not require trapdoor. Their scheme is very efficient and the sizes of signatures are smaller than those of the other existing schemes. In this paper, we point out that Nguyen and Safavi-Naini's scheme is insecure. In particular, it is shown in our cryptanalysis of the scheme that it allows a non-member of the group to sign on behalf of the group. And the resulting signature convinces any third party that a member of the group has indeed generated such a signature, although none of the members has done so. Therefore is in case of dispute, even the group manager cannot identify who has signed the message. In the paper a new scheme that does not suffer from this problem is provided.
Plenary lecture 3: electrodynamics of carbon nanotubes: principles, models, device applications and open questions
Authors: S. A. Maksimenko
Venue: Proceedings of the 1st WSEAS international conference on Nanotechnology (2009)

A great progress has been achieved during last two decade in the synthesis and fabrication of different nanostructured artificial materials with fascinating mechanical, electronic and optical properties irreducible to properties of bulk media. Accompanied by the impressive parallel development of the characterization techniques and measurement instrumentation, this process necessitates the revision of traditional concepts of physics and chemistry of condensed matter, adapting them to peculiarities of the nanoworld and significantly extending our knowledge of the nature of solids and our capabilities to control their properties. Signalized by the prefix nano- these peculiarities define the development of a variety of new scientific and technological branches, such as nanomechanics, nanoelectronics, nanooptics, nanophotonics, nanosensorics, etc. Following this general trend, a research discipline - nanoelectromagnetics - is introduced as a synthesis of macroscopic electrodynamics and microscopic theory of electronic properties of different nanostructures. The approach is exemplified by carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and briefly touches upon other nanocarbon forms. The method of effective boundary conditions is shown to be a universal tool for the study of electrodynamic problems of nanotubes. A set of physical effects, which emerge from the interaction of light with CNTs is described. Linear electrodynamics of nanotubes, nonlinear optical effects in nanotubes and foundations of quantum electrodynamics in nanotubes are discussed. A strong slowing down of surface waves in CNTs is demonstrated and the concept of nanotube as a surface wave nanowaveguide in the infrared and terahertz range is introduced. Theoretical analysis of the scattering pattern and the absorption cross-section of a single-walled finite-length CNT, multi-wall CNT and CNT bundle is presented. Comparison with experimental results is carried out allowing qualitative physical interpretation of low-frequency (far-IR and terahertz) absorption band observed in experiments. Potentiality of CNTs as interconnectors and transmission lines is demonstrated. Antenna properties of single- and multi-walled CNTs and CNT bundles are described and the thermal radiation of isolated CNT is shown to be strongly different from the black-body radiation allowing the thermal antenna concept. Potentiality of CNTs for the IR photothermolysis of living cells is discussed. Strong local field enhancement is predicted to be inherent to metallic CNTs in the near-field zone providing necessary mechanism for far-IR and terahertz near-field optics. The idea of the CNT as monomolecular analog of the free electron laser is proposed and discussed. The formalism of electrodynamics of lossy dispersive media is applied to the problem of spontaneous radiation of an excited atom in the carbon nanotube. Prospective problems of electrodynamics of CNTs are discussed.
JEETuningExpert: A software assistant for improving Java Enterprise Edition application performance
Authors: Marco Crasso, Alejandro Zunino, Leonardo Moreno, Marcelo Campo
Venue: Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal (2009)

Designing a JEE (Java Enterprise Edition)-based enterprise application capable of achieving its performance objectives is rather hard. Predicting the performance of this type of systems at the design level is difficult and sometimes not viable, because this requires having precise knowledge of the expected load conditions and the underlying software infrastructure. Besides, the requirement for rapid time-to-market leads to postpone performance tuning until systems are developed, packaged and running. In this paper we present a novel approach for automatically detecting performance problems in JEE-based applications and, in turn, suggesting courses of actions to correct them. The idea is to allow developers to smoothly identify and eradicate performance anti-patterns by automatically analyzing execution traces. The approach has been implemented as a tool called JEETuningExpert, and validated using three well-known JEE reference applications. Specifically, we evaluated the effectiveness of JEETuningExpert for detecting performance problems, measured the overhead imposed by online monitoring each application and the improvements were achieved after following the suggested corrective actions. These results empirically showed that the refactored applications are 40.08%, 76.94% and 61.13% faster, on average.
On the critical Marangoni numbers and dopant distribution insilicon fiber grown from the melt by the EFG technique
Authors: Liliana Braescu, Thomas F. George
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th WSEAS international conference on Mathematical and computational methods in science and engineering (2008)

The dependence of the Marangoni flow and impurity distribution on the vertical temperature gradient is analyzed in the framework of a stationary model including the incompressible Navier-Stokes equation in the Boussinesq approximation and the convection-conduction and conservative convection-diffusion equations. The computations are carried out in a 2D axisymmetric model by the finite-element numerical technique, for aluminum-doped silicon fibers grown from the melt by the edge-defined film-fed growth (EFG) technique with central capillary channel shaper and melt replenishment. The Marangoni effect is implemented for the free surface (meniscus) by the weak form-boundary application mode through COMSOL Multiphysics 3.4 software. It is proved numerically that controlling one of the most important process parameters - vertical temperature gradient from the EFG furnace - the best homogeneity of the crystal can be obtained over a wide range of values of the surface tension temperature coefficient.
SPEC HPC2002: The Next High-Performance Computer Benchmark
Authors: Rudolf Eigenmann, Greg Gaertner, Wesley Jones, Hideki Saito, Brian Whitney
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on High Performance Computing (2009)

The High-Performance Group of the Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation (SPEC/HPG) [1] is developing a next release of its high-performance computer benchmark suite. The current suite, SPEChpc96 [2] is expected to be replaced by the SPEC HPC2002 suite in the second quarter of the year 2002. HPC2002 represents a minor update to SPEC's current high-performance computing benchmarks. In the last subsection of this document we describe SPEC's longer-term plans.