ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
A model for inclusive design of digital libraries
Authors: Sambhavi Chandrashekar, Nadia Caidi
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th ACM/IEEE-CS joint conference on Digital libraries (2007)

Digital libraries (DLs) must cater not only to the varied needs of its target users but also to their differing abilities, and to the adaptive technologies used by persons whose computing capabilities are restricted due to disabilities. This paper proposes a model for DL design that includes optimization of the usability of the search process and ensures accessibility of the content for users of DLs with disabilities.
Exercises as a tool for sharing pedagogical knowledge
Authors: Herman Koppelman
Venue: ACM SIGCSE Bulletin (2007)

We propose an approach of making pedagogical knowledge of CS instructors explicitly available by coupling it to exercises.
On preventing intrusions by process behavior monitoring
Authors: R. Sekar, T. Bowen, M. Segal
Venue: Proceedings of the 1st conference on Workshop on Intrusion Detection and Network Monitoring - Volume 1 (1999)

Society's increasing reliance on networked information systems to support critical infrastructures has prompted interest in making the information systems survivable, so that they continue to perform critical functions even in the presence of vulnerabilities susceptible to malicious attacks. To enable vulnerable systems to survive attacks, it is necessary to detect attacks and isolate failures resulting from attacks before they damage the system by impacting functionality, performance or security. The key research problems in this context include: • detecting in-progress attacks before they cause damage, as opposed to detecting attacks after they have succeeded, • localizing and/or minimizing damage by isolating attacked components in real-time, and • tracing the origin of attacks. We address the detection problem by real-time event monitoring and comparison against events known to be unacceptable. Real-time detection differentiates our approach from previous works that focus on intrusion detection by post-attack evidence analysis. We address the isolation and tracing problems by supporting automatic initiation of reactions. Reactions are programs that we develop to respond to attacks. A reaction's primary goal is to isolate compromised components and prevent them from damaging other components. A reaction's secondary goal is to aid in tracing the origin of attack, e.g., by providing an illusion of success to the attackers (enticing them to continue the attack) while ensuring that the attack causes no damage. Our approach to detecting attacks is based on specifying permissible process behaviors as logical assertions on sequences of system calls and conditions on the values of system call arguments. We compile the specifications into finite state automata for efficient runtime detection of deviations from the specified (and hence permissible) behavior. We seamlessly integrate detection and reaction by designing our specification language to also allow specification of reactions.
Probabilistic Compensation for Digital Filters Using Pervasive Noise-Induced Operator Errors
Authors: Maryam Ashouei, Soumendu Bhattacharya, Abhijit Chatterjee
Venue: Proceedings of the 25th IEEE VLSI Test Symmposium (2007)

It is well known that scaled CMOS technologies are increasingly susceptible to induced soft errors and environmental noise. Probabilistic checksum-based error detection and compensation has been proposed in the past for scaled DSP circuits for which a certain level of inaccuracy can be tolerated as long as system-level Quality-of-Service (QoS) metrics are satisfied. Although the technique has been shown to be effective in improving the SNR of digital filters, it can only handle errors that occur in the system states. However, the transient-error rate of combinational logic is increasing with technology scaling. Therefore, handling errors in the arithmetic logic circuitry of DSP systems is also essential. This is a significantly more difficult task due to the fact that a single error at the output of an adder or multiplier can propagate to more than one system state causing multiple states to be erroneous. In this paper, a unified scheme that can address probabilistic compensation for errors both in the system states and in the embedded adders and multipliers of DSP filters is developed. It is shown that by careful checksum code design, significant SNR improvements (up to 13 dB) can be obtained for linear filters in the presence of soft errors.
A retrospective look at Greenstone: lessons from the first decade
Authors: Ian H. Witten, David Bainbridge
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th ACM/IEEE-CS joint conference on Digital libraries (2007)

The Greenstone Digital Library Software has helped spread the practical impact of digital library technology throughout the world, with particular emphasis on developing countries. As Greenstone enters its second decade, this article takes a retrospective look at its development, the challenges that have been faced, and the lessons that have been learned in developing and deploying a comprehensive open-source system for the construction of digital libraries internationally. Not surprisingly, the most difficult challenges have been political, educational, and sociological, echoing that old programmers' blessing "may all your problems be technical ones.".
A Portfolio Potpourri
Authors: B. M. Olds
Venue: Proceedings of the Frontiers in Education Conference,1997. on 27th Annual Conference. Teaching and Learning in an Era of Change. - Volume 01 (1997)

The Pennsylvania State University has designed, developed, and delivered two Asynchronous Learning Network (ALN) projects to address the educational needs of geographically dispersed engineers. The first project is a Fundamentals of Engineering Review Course for home-based learners. This course is intended to prepare engineers to pass the Fundamentals of Engineering (EIT) Examination, which is the first of two exams required to become a Registered Professional Engineer. This course was designed around two user-familiar technologies: videotape and the touch-tone telephone. Each student receives thirty (60-minute) videotapes, covering nine topics. These videotapes review basic engineering principles and set up and solve illustrative problems. The touch-tone telephone allows the distant learner to communicate asynchronously with the course instructor and to check solutions to practice homework as well as take timed practice exams. The second project is a five-course collaborative-learning program leading to a Certificate Program in Noise Control Engineering. Intended for engineers working or seeking a career in the field of noise control engineering, this program enables geographically dispersed learners to participate in a variety of collaborative and individual experiential learning activities focused upon problem solving. The learning environment is enriched through a mixture of CD-ROM-based instruction, text materials, and asynchronous computer conferencing. This paper presents an overview of these two programs and discuss how both create new and unique kinds of learning communities.
Collaborative immersive gaming over the high speed internet
Authors: Takuya Abe, Tomoyuki Nazu, Masa Inakage
Venue: Proceedings of the international conference on Advances in computer entertainment technology (2007)

dotSPACE is an entertainment tool designing a new type of interactive communication. We use 10Gbps network, 10 displays multi-projection system and wearable wireless sensors to give an immersive experience to each player at each base on different remote locations. Therefore, players can communicate with each other through their own body movements.
Designing technologies for presence-in-absence: illustrating the Cube and the Picture Frame
Authors: Kasper Garnæs, Olga Grünberger, Jesper Kjeldskov, Mikael B. Skov
Venue: Personal and Ubiquitous Computing (2007)

Presence-in-absence is a subjective feeling of a significant other when he or she is not physically co-present and several emerging technologies increasingly aim to support this feeling of presence. However, no established framework for designing presence-in-absence technologies exists. We report on the design and evaluation of two novel technologies for supporting the experience of an absent significant other being present i.e. presence-in-absence. On the basis of a longitudinal field study of communication in romantic relationships, we constructed two technology sketches with the purpose of supporting presence-in-absence by employing graphical code languages: the Cube and the Picture Frame. The results of a subsequent evaluation involving potential users potentially inform the design of future presence-in-absence technologies.
MDSOA for Achieving Interoperability
Authors: Xabier Larrucea, Gorka Benguria, Stefan Schuster
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth International IEEE Conference on Commercial-off-the-Shelf (COTS)-Based Software Systems (2007)

Globalised economies are characterised by an emergent decentralisation that aims to increase revenue figures by reducing production and maintenance costs. Collaboration is the key in this new era where organisations are governed by the market law of supply and demand and the need to efficiently respond to the evolution of production and maintenance process as well as to changing customer requirements and expectations. Unfortunately, the transformation of business process models into an ICT infrastructure that implements the enterprise information systems required to support them is, in many cases, not sufficiently formalized. This poster presents an experience, on gathering business needs in business models adapted to the business expert language and translating these needs into a Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) in a systematic way. The poster introduces the current situation highlighting three interoperability problems.
Stochastic observation hidden Markov models
Authors: C. D. Mitchell
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 02 (1996)

Hybrids that use a neural network to estimate the output probability for a hidden Markov model (HMM) word recognizer have been competitive with traditional HMM recognizers when both use monophone context. While traditional HMM recognizers can easily utilize more context (e.g., triphones) to achieve better results, the size of the task has made it impractical to use phonetic context directly in the neural network front end of a hybrid. In this paper, we suggest a simple method to incorporate more context by modeling the phone distributions obtained from the neural network. This allows the HMM to easily handle stochastic pronunciations as well as errors from the neural network phone recognizer. The re-estimation equations are derived for the new model. Results for the Resource Management task illustrate that SOHMM increases recognition accuracy for the cases of no grammar, unigram grammar, and word pair grammar.
XTREAM: An efficient multi-query evaluation on streaming XML data
Authors: Jun-Ki Min, Myung-Jae Park, Chin-Wan Chung
Venue: Information Sciences: an International Journal (2007)

Recently, there has been growing interest in streaming XML data. Much of the work on streaming XML data has been focused on efficient filtering. Filtering systems deliver XML documents to interested users. The burden of extracting the XML fragments of interest from XML documents is placed on users. In this paper, we propose XTREAM which evaluates multiple queries in conjunction with the read-once nature of streaming data. In contrast to the previous work, XTREAM supports a wide class of XPath queries including tree shaped expressions, order based predicates, and nested predicates. In addition, to improve the efficiency and scalability of XTREAM, we devise an optimization technique called Query Compaction. Experimental results with real-life and synthetic XML data demonstrate the efficiency and scalability of XTREAM.
ZigBee-to-Internet Interconnection Architectures
Authors: Miroslav Sveda, Roman Trchalik
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Systems (2007)

This paper deals with sensor networking based on ZigBee and Internet using IEEE 1451 smart transducer interface architecture. The contribution begins with introduction to the IEEE 1451 smart transducer - network interface for sensors and actuators as an emerging, standard-based networking framework. Next part of the paper reviews some concepts of ZigBee architecture aimed at connecting wireless sensors and actuators through ZigBee to Intranets or Internet. The kernel of the paper deals with design of a software architecture stemming from technical standards or standard proposals. This paper focuses namely on design of software architectures of communication interconnecting devices in between ZigBee and Internet.
A uniformly convergent scheme for a system of reaction-diffusion equations
Authors: J. L. Gracia, F. J. Lisbona
Venue: Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics (2007)

In this work a system of two parabolic singularly perturbed equations of reaction-diffusion type is considered. The asymptotic behaviour of the solution and its partial derivatives is given. A decomposition of the solution in its regular and singular parts has been used for the asymptotic analysis of the spatial derivatives. To approximate the solution we consider the implicit Euler method for time stepping and the central difference scheme for spatial discretization on a special piecewise uniform Shishkin mesh. We prove that this scheme is uniformly convergent, with respect to the diffusion parameters, having first-order convergence in time and almost second-order convergence in space, in the discrete maximum norm. Numerical experiments illustrate the order of convergence proved theoretically.
Design and fabrication of a peristaltic micropump
Authors: M. Knight, J. House
Venue: Proceedings of the Symposium on Design, Test, Integration and Packaging of MEMS/MOEMS (2003)

This paper describes the design, fabrication, and electrical characterization of a novel peristaltic thermopneumatic microfluidic (PTMF) pump. Such a pump is required for next-generation implantable medical treatment. To satisfy the demands of an implantable system, the PTMF pump design presented here includes biocompatibility, simple integration with microfluidics, bidirectionality, and particle tolerance. Test devices were fabricated with both silicon micromachining and soft lithography (polydimethylsiloxane micromolding). Electrical characterization and optical measurements have shown that this pump design is feasible, and that further research could result in a device suitable for medical implantation.
An Architectural Approach for Integrating Performance Evaluation into the Systems Design Process
Authors: Frank Ball, Irfan Awan, Rubem Pereira
Venue: Proceedings of the First Asia International Conference on Modelling & Simulation (2007)

This paper presents work aimed at integrating performance evaluation into the systems design process. It considers the problem of providing a performance evaluation service to system designers that will allow practitioners from different application areas to specify the system in a level of abstraction that is readily understandable in their own particular application area, and then to use this specification to automatically generate a solution for the performance evaluation of that system. It presents the proposal for an Open-Systems-like architectural approach to the problem of providing these services and outlines the research issues that need to be addressed in the development of this architecture.
A case study in high-end communications technology in distance learning
Authors: A. van Dam
Venue: Proceedings of the 26th Annual Frontiers in Education - Volume 01 (1996)

The five principal investigators (PIs) of the graphics and visualization center, a distributed NSF science and technology center, report on the lessons learned from reaching an interactive graduate-level seminar involving their five sites over a high-end communications infrastructure. The experiences related will be of value to institutions presently conducting or considering distance learning. Although the experiences reported here are based an a high-end scenario available to this research center, the present trends in technology and distance education should make these observations applicable in the imminent future to a large number of educational institutions.
Book Reviews: An Excellent Internet Tutorial
Authors: Arturo Ortiz-Tapia
Venue: IEEE Distributed Systems Online (2007)

A review of Internet Effectively: A Beginner's Guide to the World Wide Web by Tyrone Adams and Sharon Scollard.
Scalable and Efficient Sensor Network Self-Configuration in BioANS
Authors: Michael Breza, Richard Anthony, Julie McCann
Venue: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Self-Adaptive and Self-Organizing Systems (2007)

BioANS is a protocol for wireless sensor networks (WSN) whose design is inspired by organisation mechanisms observed in nature. It enables an information requester to access data from a sensor network which meets a qualitative criterion based on context in an efficient manner. A model of BioANS is used to simulate the performance of the protocol in a variety of possible WSN deployments.
Opening the source repository with anonymous CVS
Authors: Charles D. Cranor, Theo de Raadt
Venue: Proceedings of the annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference (1999)

Anonymous CVS is an advanced source file distribution mechanism we created to allow open source software projects to distribute source code and information about code to Internet users. Built on top of the Concurrent Versions System (CVS) revision control system, Anonymous CVS safely allows anonymous read-only access to a CVS source repository. Prior to the introduction of Anonymous CVS, access to a CVS repository had to be restricted to a select group of privileged software developers. The advantage of open source software is that it promotes reliability and quality by allowing independent peer review and rapid evolution of source code. By introducing Anonymous CVS, we have extended the concept of open source software projects to open source repository projects. Having an open source repository allows users to take a more active role in the debugging and development of open source projects. In this paper we will examine and compare the mechanisms used by open source projects to distribute source code. We will present the design and implementation of the first Anonymous CVS server (used to distribute the OpenBSD operating system). We will explain some of our concerns (e.g., security) and some of the problems we faced when trying to adapt CVS for anonymous use. We also will present other more recent source file distribution mechanisms that make use of an open CVS repository. Anonymous CVS is currently bring used by a number of projects including OpenBSD, FreeBSD, Mozilla, Ecgs, Gnome, Python, and GNUstep.
High performance and scalable I/O virtualization via self-virtualized devices
Authors: Himanshu Raj, Karsten Schwan
Venue: Proceedings of the 16th international symposium on High performance distributed computing (2007)

While industry is making rapid advances in system virtualization, for server consolidation and for improving system maintenance and management, it has not yet become clear how virtualization can contribute to the performance of high end systems. In this context, this paper addresses a key issue in system virtualization - how to efficiently virtualize I/O subsystems and peripheral devices. We have developed a novel approach to I/O virtualization, termed self-virtualized devices, which improves I/O performance by off loading select virtualization functionality onto the device. This permits guest virtual machines to more efficiently (i.e., with less overhead and reduced latency) interact with the virtualized device. The concrete instance of such a device developed and evaluated in this paper is a self-virtualized network interface (SV-NIC), targeting the high end NICs used in thehigh performance domain. The SV-NIC (1) provides virtual interfaces (VIFs) to guest virtual machines for an underlying physical device, the network interface, (2) manages the wayin which the device's physical resources are used by guest operating systems, and (3) provides high performance, low overhead network access to guest domains. Experimental results are attained in a prototyping environment using an IXP 2400-based ethernet board as a programmable network device. The SV-NIC scales to large numbers of VIFs and guests, and offers VIFs with 77% higher throughput and 53% less latency compared to the current standard virtualized device implementations on hyper visor-based platforms.
Image Feature Extraction Methods for Ear Biometrics--A Survey
Authors: Michal Choras
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Computer Information Systems and Industrial Management Applications (2007)

The human ear is a perfect source of data for passive person identification in many applications. In a growing need for security in various public places, ear biometrics seems to be a good solution, since ears are visible and their images can be easily taken, even without the examined person's knowledge. Then the robust feature extraction method can be applied to determine personality of individuals, for instance users of access control system or terrorists at the airports and stations. The growing interest in ear biometrics is best evidenced by the growth of publications over the last few years. More importantly research groups developed different approaches to a problem of feature selection and extraction for ear biometrics. In the article we overview the proposed algorithms of feature extraction from 2D and 3D ear images.
Identifying Performance-Critical Components in Transaction-Oriented Distributed Systems
Authors: Rui Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Autonomic Computing (2007)

In order to make a difference in transactionoriented distributed environments, performance management efforts must be focused on those components that play a critical role in end-to-end system performance. This paper overviews a flexible approach to identifying these components and quantifying their criticality, through a statistical extension to the classic critical path algorithm for DAGs. A preliminary case study in a real-world service-oriented Grid is used to demonstrate the approach.
An evolutionary approach for pose determination and interpretation of occluded articulated objects
Authors: Shinn-Ying Ho, Zhen-Bang Huang, Shinn-Jang Ho
Venue: Proceedings of the Evolutionary Computation on 2002. CEC '02. Proceedings of the 2002 Congress - Volume 02 (2002)

This paper proposes a novel evolutionary approach to a parameter solving problem for handling occluded articulated objects with any number of internal parameters representing articulation. The parameter solving problem is formulated as a parameter optimization problem and an objective function is also given based on the line segment features in the Hough space. The proposed approach uses a novel intelligent genetic algorithm (IGA) superior to conventional GAs in solving large parameter optimization problems to simultaneously solve pose determination and interpretation problems and consequently has the capabilities of accurate partial matching and robust pose determination. Effectiveness of the proposed IGA-based method is demonstrated by applying it to fitting a simplified artificial articulated model of a human body to monocular clutter images.