ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Architectural implications of nanoscale integrated sensing and computing
Authors: Constantin Pistol, Wutichai Chongchitmate, Christopher Dwyer, Alvin R. Lebeck
Venue: Proceeding of the 14th international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems (2009)

This paper explores the architectural implications of integrating computation and molecular probes to form nanoscale sensor processors (nSP). We show how nSPs may enable new computing domains and automate tasks that currently require expert scientific training and costly equipment. This new application domain severely constrains nSP size, which significantly impacts the architectural design space. In this context, we explore nSP architectures and present an nSP design that includes a simple accumulator-based ISA, sensors, limited memory and communication transceivers. To reduce the application memory footprint, we introduce the concept of instruction-fused sensing. We use simulation and analytical models to evaluate nSP designs executing a representative set of target applications. Furthermore, we propose a candidate nSP technology based on optical Resonance Energy Transfer (RET) logic that enables the small size required by the application domain; our smallest design is about the size of the largest known virus. We also show laboratory results that demonstrate initial steps towards a prototype.
The "Beauty Dilemma": beauty is valued but discounted in product choice
Authors: Sarah Diefenbach, Marc Hassenzahl
Venue: Proceedings of the 27th international conference on Human factors in computing systems (2009)

The empirical study of aesthetics in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) is concerned with - among other topics - the relationship between beauty and usability and the general impact of beauty on product choice and use. Specifically, the present paper explores the notion of a "beauty dilemma" - the idea that people discount beauty in a choice situation, although they value it in general (i.e., they are not choosing what makes them happy). We explored this idea in three studies with a total of over 600 participants. Study 1 revealed a reluctance to pay for beauty due to its hedonic nature (i.e., associated with luxury etc.). Study 2 showed that people prefer a more beautiful product, but justify their choice by referring to spurious advantages in usability. Finally, Study 3 revealed that a choice situation which requires a trade-off between beauty and usability, and which offers no further way to justify choosing beauty, leads to a sharp increase in the preference of usability. The underlying reasons for this "beauty dilemma" and further implications are discussed.
Continuous visible nearest neighbor queries
Authors: Yunjun Gao, Baihua Zheng, Wang-Chien Lee, Gencai Chen
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Extending Database Technology: Advances in Database Technology (2009)

In this paper, we identify and solve a new type of spatial queries, called continuous visible nearest neighbor (CVNN) search. Given a data set P, an obstacle set O, and a query line segment q, a CVNN query returns a set of (p, R) tuples such that p &epsilon; P is the nearest neighbor (NN) to every point r along the interval R &epsilon; q as well as p is visible to r. Note that p may be NULL, meaning that all points in P are invisible to all points in R, due to the obstruction of some obstacles in O. In this paper, we formulate the problem and propose efficient algorithms for CVNN query processing, assuming that both P and O are indexed by R-trees. In addition, we extend our techniques to several variations of the CVNN query. Extensive experiments verify the efficiency and effectiveness of our proposed algorithms using both real and synthetic datasets.
Data streaming and simd support for the microblaze architecture
Authors: Paul E. Marks, Cameron D. Patterson
Venue: Proceeding of the ACM/SIGDA international symposium on Field programmable gate arrays (2009)

The MicroBlaze architecture is a configurable "soft core" processor by Xilinx intended for use in embedded FPGA applications. Some embedded data processing algorithms benefit from the use of vectorized code and streaming I/O. Thus, configurable extensions that add these to the MicroBlaze architecture are developed. We discuss the current architecture, the necessary modifications, the methods employed, and analyze the theoretical gains. We then study the full synthesis of an example hardware platform with and without the extensions, comparing the expected performance of each. Following that, we discuss the work toward integrating with Xilinx's development tools, which allows simple and rapid deployment of the extended architecture. Modifications to the software toolchain are discussed as they pertain to extending the instruction set. Finally, we conclude with an assessment of the developed extensions and future work that could make them even more useful for reconfigurable, high-performance embedded applications.
A survey on physical layer impairments aware routing and wavelength assignment algorithms in optical networks
Authors: Siamak Azodolmolky, Mirosław Klinkowski, Eva Marin, Davide Careglio, Josep Solé Pareta, Ioannis Tomkos
Venue: Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking (2009)

Optical networks are moving from opaque and translucent architectures towards all-optical (transparent) architectures. In translucent architectures a small amount of regeneration (e.g. optical-electronic-optical conversion) is available in the network. The incorporation of the physical impairments in the routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) problem in transparent optical networks has recently received some attention from the research communities. This work compiles a comprehensive survey of the proposed algorithms that address this issue. The physical layer impairments and related classification in optical networks are initially presented followed by physical layer impairments (PLI) constrained and aware RWA algorithms. Algorithmic approach, current PLI-RWA proposals, impact of wavelength conversion on these algorithms, protection and resilience considerations, and proposed extensions to control planes are covered in this work. Further research topics are presented in this study.
Fast Algorithms for Computer Generated Islamic Patterns of 8-ZOHREH and 8-SILI
Authors: Peyman Rasouli, Azam Bastanfard, Alireza Rezvanian, Omid Jalilian
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th Pacific Rim Conference on Multimedia: Advances in Multimedia Information Processing (2008)

The interests and tendencies of motivations in generated computer graphics between researchers are increased in recent years. There are many various methods for computer graphics in some applications such as architectural arts. In this paper we present two new algorithms for computer generated Islamic Geometrical Patterns, which are 8-ZOHREH and 8-SILI. They are presented as computer algorithms. These algorithms presented and implemented as simple and optimized algorithms. In the proposed algorithms we considered the simple basic rules in geometry such as orthogonal drawing, bisector of angles, and symmetry. The first algorithm generated a main region for 8-ZOHREH in eleven steps and the second algorithm to generate 8-SILI which has twelve steps. Simplicity, robustness, low computational complexity and high speedy are some of the main features of the proposed algorithms. The results of our algorithms are demonstrated in last section.
Conceptual Design Knowledge Retrieval, Reuse and Innovation Based on Case and Constraint
Authors: Kai-zhou Gao, Quan-ke Pan, Qiang-qiang Sun
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Second International Workshop on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (2009)

This paper researches on knowledge retrieval, reuse and innovation in product conceptual design. First, user’s design requirement is translated and decomposed using function-method tree. Second, design case and constraint are used to describe a two-layer process of knowledge retrieval. One is to get the similarity of case function through matching function units’ attribute values that is weighted. Another, a similarity constraint retrieval algorithm is proposed for similarity case retrieval. And then, Patch case is defined. Patch case for user’s design requirement is attained through a patch algorithm. Knowledge reuse and innovation is based on patch case. At last, system framework and application are constructed to explain this process.
Fuzzy scheduling strategy for generalized switched server systems and its robustness over system heterogeneity
Authors: Xingxuan Wang, Da-Zhong Zheng
Venue: International Journal of Intelligent Systems (2009)

Generalized switched server system, a discretely controlled continuous-time system, in which N tanks are used to represent N parallel entities, respectively, can be employed to address a class of load-balancing problems. A tank-pair model is a system that consists of two tanks and a single input single output controller, which regulates the inflows of the two tanks to acquire the two uniform levels under the specified inflow constraints. According to a quantized observation of the N tank levels, some discrete events are generated, and based on certain event feedback strategy, switching the location of the tank-pair can control all the N tanks in a time-sharing manner to acquire the N levels uniformity. Different from some existing scheduling strategies, this study proposes a fuzzy scheduling strategy (FSS) for such generalized switched server systems. Special measures are taken to reduce the N-inputs two-outputs fuzzy inference to a two-inputs one-output one, which greatly facilitates fuzzy scheduler design. Simulation results show that the proposed FSS strategy outperforms over the three existing scheduling strategies as a whole, and they also show that the proposed FSS strategy demonstrates high robustness over system heterogeneity. &copy; 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Political Participation and Democracy in the Information Age: Effects of ICT-Based Communication Forms between the Authorities and the Citizens on Traditional Channels of Participation and Democracy
Authors: Bernt Krohn Solvang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Third International Conference on Digital Society (2009)

The main trends concerning the traditional channels of participation are reduced voting turnout, reduced participation in political parties, stable participation in associations and increased citizen contact. The influence of ICT based form of communication on the relations between the authorities and the citizens are heavily influenced by the role of the citizens designed by the authorities. If the citizens are treated as customers the authorities are pursuing a consultative model focusing on creating an effective administration. The flow of information is unilinear; however, if the role of the citizens is a citizen’s role the administrative system pursue a participatory model. The information society produces frames of actions for the society, yet it is the role planned for the citizens that create the opportunities for E-Democracy. Based on these interaction models we assume effects on turnout in elections and on citizens’ role and activity in traditional channels. This paper is a theoretical contribution.
Brief paper: Robust filtering with stochastic nonlinearities and multiple missing measurements
Authors: Guoliang Wei, Zidong Wang, Huisheng Shu
Venue: Automatica (Journal of IFAC) (2009)

This paper is concerned with the filtering problem for a class of discrete-time uncertain stochastic nonlinear time-delay systems with both the probabilistic missing measurements and external stochastic disturbances. The measurement missing phenomenon is assumed to occur in a random way, and the missing probability for each sensor is governed by an individual random variable satisfying a certain probabilistic distribution over the interval [01]. Such a probabilistic distribution could be any commonly used discrete distribution over the interval [01]. The multiplicative stochastic disturbances are in the form of a scalar Gaussian white noise with unit variance. The purpose of the addressed filtering problem is to design a filter such that, for the admissible random measurement missing, stochastic disturbances, norm-bounded uncertainties as well as stochastic nonlinearities, the error dynamics of the filtering process is exponentially mean-square stable. By using the linear matrix inequality (LMI) method, sufficient conditions are established that ensure the exponential mean-square stability of the filtering error, and then the filter parameters are characterized by the solution to a set of LMIs. Illustrative examples are exploited to show the effectiveness of the proposed design procedures.
Performance Measurements of a Real-Time Digital Watermarking System for Broadcast Monitoring
Authors: P. Termont, L. de Strycker, J. Vandewege, J. Haitsma, T. Kalker, M. Maes, G. Depovere, A. Langell, C. Alm, P. Norman
Venue: Proceedings of the 1999 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems - Volume 02 (1999)

At present it is very easy to distribute and copy multimedia content. Digital watermarking is a technical solution to the copyright problem. In its basic form a digital watermark is a small signal added to a multimedia asset and carrying sufficient data to provide IPR (Intellectual Property Right) protection. In the European Esprit project VIVA (Visual Identity Verification Auditor) this digital watermarking technology is used to investigate, design and demonstrate a professional broadcast surveillance system. A real-time digital watermark embedder and detector for broadcast monitoring are implemented in software on a powerful DSP (digital signal processor). In this paper a short overview of the watermarking algorithms and their implementation is given. Measurements are done in a laboratory environment under real-time conditions and are very convincing. The experimental results reveal that the watermark can survive much common processing in the broadcast chain.
Mastering the Nikon D300
Authors: Darrell Young
Venue:  (2008)

Mastering the Nikon D300 by Nikonian Darrell Young provides a wealth of information and professional insights for owners of this powerful new camera. Each chapter explores the features and capabilities of the D300 in detail, surpassing basic user manuals by providing step-by-step menu setting adjustments coupled with illustrations and logical explanations for each option. Darrell Young's writing style allows the reader to follow directions in a friendly and informative manner, as if a friend dropped in to share his experienced knowledge without "talking down" to you, explaining the how and the why. The learning experience for D300 beginners (and refresher information for professionals) goes beyond the camera itself. When camera features and options expand to additional Nikon equipment (such as with the use of optional Speedlights) Darrell adds the necessary information. Young's frequent references to user manuals provided by Nikon (complete with specific page references) allow the reader to easily navigate past the "confusion factor" that often comes with new equipment.Mastering the Nikon D300 is the inaugural title kicking off the Nikonians Press imprint "the exciting, new joint venture between Nikonians and Rocky Nook.
Polynomial coefficient based DC testing of non-linear analog circuits
Authors: Suraj Sindia, Virendra Singh, Vishwani D. Agrawal
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th ACM Great Lakes symposium on VLSI (2009)

DC testing of parametric faults in non-linear analog circuits based on polynomial approximation of the functionality of fault free circuit is presented. Classification of circuit under test (CUT) is based on comparison of estimates of polynomial coefficients with those of the fault free circuit. The method needs very little augmentation of circuit to make it testable as only output parameters are used for classification. Possible fault diagnosis using the proposed method in conjunction with sensitivity of polynomial coefficients is also presented.
Precise Geometric Registration by Blur Estimation for Vision-based Augmented Reality
Authors: Bunyo Okumura, Masayuki Kanbara, Naokazu Yokoya
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 6th IEEE and ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (2007)

This paper proposes an accurate geometric registration method by estimating blur effects from a degraded image with image markers for augmented reality. A small and inexpensive camera used in augmented reality systems sometimes captures degraded images because its focus and/or iris are fixed. This degradation of a captured image affects the accuracy of the detected positions of feature points in the image. The proposed method improves the accuracy of the estimated camera position and posture by estimating blur effects from the captured image, and by correcting the detected positions of feature points through the results. The effectiveness of the method is confirmed through experiments of corner estimation from simulated images and extrinsic camera parameter estimation from real images.
A New Algorithm for Finding Trees with Many Leaves
Authors: Joachim Kneis, Alexander Langer, Peter Rossmanith
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Algorithms and Computation (2008)

We present an algorithm that finds trees with at least k leaves in undirected and directed graphs. These problems are known as Maximum Leaf Spanning Tree for undirected graphs, and, respectively, Directed Maximum Leaf Out-Tree and Directed Maximum Leaf Spanning Out-Tree in the case of directed graphs. The run time of our algorithm is $O({\it poly}(|V|) + 4^k k^2)$ on undirected graphs, and O(4 k |V| ·|E|) on directed graphs. This improves over the previously fastest algorithms for these problems with run times of $O({\it poly}(|V|) + 6.75^k {\it poly}(k))$ and $2^{O(k \log k)} {\it poly}(|V|)$, respectively.
Effects of real-time transcription on non-native speaker's comprehension in computer-mediated communications
Authors: Yingxin Pan, Danning Jiang, Michael Picheny, Yong Qin
Venue: Proceedings of the 27th international conference on Human factors in computing systems (2009)

We performed an empirical study to understand the relative contributions of real-time transcription to a non-native speaker's comprehension in audio/video meetings. 48 participants were assigned to 2 presentation modes (audio, audio+video) and 3 transcription modes (no transcript, real-time transcripts in the streaming mode, transcripts with all past records) in a 3x2 factorial experimental design. The results suggest that comprehension can be significantly improved for both audio and audio+video conditions when real-time transcription is provided. Also, the participants reported positive subjective responses to the presence of real-time transcription in terms of usefulness, preference, and willingness to use such a feature if provided. No cognitive load issues were reported by the participants in the ability to synthesize across modalities. Implications for system development and design, as well as future work utilizing automation speech recognition to provide the transcripts are discussed.
How to let gamers play in infrastructure-based vehicular networks
Authors: Claudio E. Palazzi, Marco Roccetti, Stefano Ferretti, Salvatore Frizzoli
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Advances in Computer Entertainment Technology (2008)

Online games represent one of the most important revenue sources for entertainment based companies and a challenging field in multimedia application research. With vehicular networks poised to become the new wireless frontier of the Internet, car passengers embody the next consumers that will be targeted by online game providers. Yet, the high mobility and heterogeneity of vehicular networks pose serious challenges to the deployment of efficient online game services such as, for instance, continuous variations in the number and type of flows served by access points along the road. To this aim, we discuss a solution based on the deployment of smart access points along the road and demonstrate how this solution is able to smoothen network traffic conditions, ensuring coexistence among heterogeneous types of flow even in presence of frequent network traffic variations.
Accelerated Publication: Conformal electroless deposition of Cu seed layer on a 60-nm trench pattern modified with a self-assembled monolayer
Authors: Won-Kyu Han, Gil-Ho Hwang, Seok-Jun Hong, Soo-Seok Kim, Chong-Seung Yoon, Noh-Jung Kwak, Seung-Jin Yeom, Jae-Hong Kim, Sung-Goon Kang
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2009)

We have developed a novel activation technique for the conformal electroless deposition (ELD) of Cu on a SiO"2 substrate modified with an organic self-assembled monolayer. The SiO"2 substrate was modified with amine groups using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) to form a uniform, continuous catalyst for ELD. The Au catalytic layer formed on the amine-SiO"2 substrate was stabilized by electrostatic interactions between the positively charged protonated-amine self-assembled monolayer (SAM) and negatively charged AuNPs. Cu films were then electrolessly deposited on Au-catalyzed SiO"2 substrates. The Cu seed layer formed by this method showed a highly conformal and continuous structure. Cu electrodeposition on the 60-nm trench was demonstrated using an acid cupric sulfate electrolyte containing chloride, polyethylene glycol 4000 and bis(3-sulfopropyl)disulfide. The resulting electroplated Cu showed excellent filling capability and no voids or other defects were observed in a 60-nm trench pattern.
Finite element methods for unsaturated porous solids and their application to dam engineering problems
Authors: C. Callari, A. Abati
Venue: Computers and Structures (2009)

This work presents a finite element formulation of equations proposed in a companion paper to describe the hyperelastic response of three-phase porous media. Attention is paid to the development of consistent tangents required by the Newton-Raphson procedure used to solve the highly non-linear finite element equations. Among several sources of non-linearity, we also model the permeability dependence on strain as typically observed in intensely jointed rock masses, thus introducing a further reason of hydro-mechanical coupling. Several numerical examples are presented to validate the considered poro-elastic laws and to assess the performance of the numerical formulation. These tests include comparisons with available experimental data relative to a sand column desaturation and with the Philip's analytical solution for the propagation of a saturation front in an initially dry porous solid. Finally, the formulation is applied to problems of interest for dam engineering, namely the simulation of reservoir bank response to rapid drawdown and a three-dimensional study of concrete gravity dam interaction with foundation and abutment rock masses during reservoir operation.
Evolution of the Chilean Web: A Larger Study
Authors: Eduardo Graells, Ricardo Baeza-Yates
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 Latin American Web Conference (2008)

In this paper we extend our previous and only study on the dynamics of the Chilean Web.This new study doubles the time period and to the best of our knowledge is the only studyof its type known about any country in the Web. The new results corroborate the trends found before, in particular the exponential growth of the Web, and reinforce the conclusion that the Web is more chaotic than we would like. Hence, modeling most Web characteristics is not trivial.