ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Modeling the factors affecting individuals' use of community networks: A theoretical explanation of community-based information and communication technology use: Research Articles
Authors: Nahyun Kwon, Anthony J. Onwuegbuzie
Venue: Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology (2005)

Understanding users' attitudes and perceptions and their influence on behavior is crucial to predict the use of community information and communication technology. In this study, the authors attempt to uncover this process by elaborating on I. Ajzen's (1985, 1991) theory of planned behavior (TPB), a widely applied social behavior model. The developed structural equation model (SEM) was tested using a sample of 417 users of a community network. The final selected model, which was called the community network use model, included seven predictors of use: three behavioral beliefs (i.e., Learning, Social Interactions, and Community Connection), Normative Beliefs Individuals, Attitude, Subjective Norm, and Intention. In particular, Intention moderated the relationships between Use and the other six variables. Further, beliefs in both Community Connection and Social Interactions were directly related to community network use, as was Attitude. Belief in Community Connection was indirectly and positively related to community network use via Intention; Belief in Community Connection was directly and negatively related to Use. These latter two findings suggest that Belief in Community Connection serves as both a facilitator and inhibitor of community network use depending on whether belief is followed by intention. Implications are discussed. &copy; 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Substrate interconnect technologies for 3-D MEMS packaging
Authors: Brian Morgan, Xuefeng Hua, Tomohiro Iguchi, Taizo Tomioka, Gottlieb S. Oehrlein, Reza Ghodssi
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2005)

We report the development of 3-dimensional silicon substrate interconnect technologies, specifically for reducing the package size of a MOSFET relay. The ability to interconnect multiple chips at different elevations on a single substrate can significantly improve device performance and size. We present the process development of through-hole interconnects fabricated using deep reactive ion etching (DRIE), with an emphasis on achieving positively tapered, smooth sidewalls to ease deposition of a seed layer for subsequent Cu electroplating. Gray-scale technology is integrated on the same substrate to provide smooth inclined surfaces between multiple vertical levels (>100@mm apart), enabling interconnection between the two levels via simple metal evaporation and lithography. The developments discussed for each technique may be used together or independently to address future packaging and integration needs.
Using Ultrasonic Hand Tracking to Augment Motion Analysis Based Recognition of Manipulative Gestures
Authors: Georg Ogris, Thomas Stiefmeier, Holger Junker, Paul Lukowicz, Gerhard Troster
Venue: Proceedings of the Ninth IEEE International Symposium on Wearable Computers (2005)

The paper demonstrates how ultrasonic hand tracking can be used to improve the performance of a wearable, accelerometer and gyroscope based activity recognition system. Specifically we target the recognition of manipulative gestures of the type found in assembly and maintenance tasks. We discuss how relevant information can be extracted from the ultrasonic signal despite problems with low sampling rate, occlusions and reflections that occur in this type of application. We then introduce several methods of fusing the ultrasound and motion sensor information. We evaluate our methods on an experimental data set that contains 21 different actions performed repeatedly by three different subjects during simulated bike repair. Due to the complexity of the recognition tasks with many similar and vaguely defined actions and person independent training both the ultrasound and motion sensors perform poorly on their own. However with our fusion methods recognition rates well over 90% can be achieved for most activities. In extreme case recognition rates go up from just over 50% for separate classifications to nearly 89% with our fusion methods.
Accurate assessment of the time-to-failure of hyper-thin gate oxides subjected to constant electrical stress using a logistic-type model
Authors: F. Palumbo, E. Miranda, S. Lombardo
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2005)

When a metal-oxide-semiconductor structure with a hyper-thin (≤2nm) dielectric film is subjected to constant voltage stress, after the triggering of the breakdown event, the leakage current increases progressively over time until saturation. In this work, we propose a logistic-type growth model that allows capturing the non-symmetrical features of the trajectory exhibited by the current-time characteristics. It is discussed how the resulting solution could be used to evaluate the time-to-failure under different stress conditions.
No clergy: a piece for flexible small ensemble generated in real time based on audience feedback (original composition)
Authors: Kevin Craig Baird
Venue:  (2005)

No Clergy is a live generative piece for a small ensemble of any combination of pitched instruments whose specific musical characteristics are heavily dependent on audience participation in the form of web-based data input, affording them the ability to have an influence on a musical performance as it occurs. It draws inspiration from many earlier works, especially a family of open form compositions from the 1960s, but there are a few features of No Clergy that distinguish it from other pieces. Karlheinz Stockhausen's Klavierstuecke and the work of the late Earle Brown, especially Available Forms I and Available Forms II, were especially influential on No Clergy. From them, it uses the idea of a random access ordering of material played by acoustic performers. Stockhausen's Klavierstuecke gives such power to the performer. Brown's work gives such power to the conductor. No Clergy gives it to the audience. From the compositional environment at the University at Buffalo, SUNY and the work of people like my advisor Cort Lippe, it takes the idea of modifying performance characteristics in real time and using more finely graded units than in Brown's pieces. From an earlier project of mine called No Cathedral, it takes the idea of simultaneous acoustic performances of notation presented on computer screens. In No Cathedral, computer signals chose between images of entire pages of notation, whereas in No Clergy, each note is generated individually. It also provided the basis for the title, which incidentally has only a metaphorical connection to religion. From the field of interactive art installations, it takes the idea of an immersive performance environment, in which audience members feel free to move around and feel like participants. A high level of audience comfort is critical if a given performance will have significant audience participation. In particular, the goal of maximizing this comfort influenced the choice of web browsers (by now, quite familiar to many audience members) as the interface for their input. All of this results in a piece that invites audience participation: voting on the future direction of each performance, with the potential to differentiate by instrument.
Visualizing Cyber Attacks using IP Matrix
Authors: Hideki Koike, Kazuhiro Ohno, Kanba Koizumi
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE Workshops on Visualization for Computer Security (2005)

An Internet cyber threat monitoring system detects cyber threats using network sensors deployed at particular points on the Internet, statistically analyzes the time of attack, source of attack, and type of attack, and then visualizes the result of this analysis. Existing systems, however, simply visualize country-by-country statistics of attacks or hourly changes of attacks. Using these systems, it is dif- ficult to understand the source of attack, the diffusion of the attack, or the relation between the target and the source of the attack. or the relation between the target and the source of the attack. This paper described a method for visualizing cyber threats by using 2-dimensional matrix representation of IP addresses. The advantages of this method are that: (1) the logical distance of IP addresses is represented intuitively, (2) Internet address space is visualized economically, (3) macroscopic information (Internet level) and microscopic information (local level) are visualized simultaneously. By using this visualization framework, propagation of the Welchia worm and the Sasser.D worm are visualized.
Fuzzy Image Processing in Quality Control Application
Authors: Perfecto Marino, Vicente Pastoriza, Miguel Santamaria, Emilio Martinez
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Multimedia Applications (2005)

Today, a visual inspection of the repair coating quality in can ends of metal containers for fish food is carried out. This visual inspection is a manual and non-destructive testing procedure. In order to improve this quality control, we have developed an automated inspection system, based on machine vision, which assesses the repair coating quality of each can end with a fuzzy system. In this work, the easy open can end manufacturing process, and the current, conventional method for quality control of easy open can end repair coating, are firstly described. After that, we show the fuzzy image processing to inspect each can end. Finally, results obtained and concluding remarks are stated. It is important to note the ability of the fuzzy model to favor the interpretability supplied to the operators in order to find out the failure causes and reduce mean time to repair during failures.
Nonlinear distortion reduction in active arrays taking advantage of their spatial power-combining properties: Research Articles
Authors: Lorena Cabria, José Angel García, Antonio Tazón, Angel Mediavilla
Venue: International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering (2006)

In this article, a linearity-improving technique for active antennas and arrays, based on spatial power combining, is presented. An auxiliary branch is employed to cancel the radiation pattern at the intermodulation distortion (IMD) components, either in the main-beam direction for a subarray or in all elevation angles for a single antenna element. The need for precise amplitude and phase control over the IMD currents in the array auxiliary elements is demonstrated, quantifying the possible degradation suffered in the carrier-to-intermodulation distortion (CIMD) ratio improvement obtained when this solution is applied. The potentialities of implementing the derivative-superposition technique in small- and large-signal regimes, both in an array and in an antenna element, are finally proposed. &copy; 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2006.
WGMDS: A WSRF-Compliant Information Service on Wireless Grids
Authors: Jianghu Yang, Ming Li, Changlai Huang, Chuanshan Gao
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing Applications and Technologies (2005)

On wireless Grids Information Services have special requirements. Resource information has to be updated when users and resource providers arrive and depart frequently. Meanwhile, Information Services may be also mobile, so the clients and information sources should dynamically detect the existence and departure of Information Services. We present WGMDS, a WSRF-compliant and P2P (peer to peer) based Information Service to meet the special requirements on wireless Grids. We employ P2P mechanism to integrate Information Services to provide Grid-wide resource information. In WGMDS, the clients and information sources dynamically probe nearest Information Services to query or register resource information. Three algorithms are proposed to support the Information Service architecture. We use simulations in NS2 to evaluate the three algorithms.
The Unspoken Revolution in Software Engineering
Authors: Bertrand Meyer
Venue: Computer (2006)

Software professionals must adapt to the new reality of offshore outsourcing.
Asset Recovery and Their Incorporation into Product Lines
Authors: Jens Knodel, Isabel John, Dharmalingam Ganesan, Martin Pinzger, Fernando Usero, Jose L. Arciniegas, Claudio Riva
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th Working Conference on Reverse Engineering (2005)

Software product lines aim in having a common platform from which several similar products can be derived. The elements of the platform are called assets and they are managed in an asset base being part of the product line infrastructure. Assets can include own developments, open source or third-party software modules, as well as design and project documents. In the context of the European-wide project FAMILIES we concentrated on techniques used to populate the asset base by recovering assets from existing systems. We present an approach on how to incorporate existing assets into the product line infrastructure. Thereby we explicitly distinguish the asset origins and the different information sources available. The incorporation is a quality-driven process that is backed up by a set of reverse engineering techniques to evaluate the asset's internal quality. The quality assessment of an asset is the critical measurement for industrial development organizations in order to incorporate assets into their product line infrastructure.
Using Cellular Phones in Higher Education: Mobile Access to Online Course Materials
Authors: Boaz Mermelstein, Edna Tal
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE International Workshop on Wireless and Mobile Technologies in Education (2005)

Access to the Internet, which to date was mainly limited to desk-top computers, is now enabled through a wide range of portable devices. These devices include cellular phones, which are small, widespread, and afford a high level of intimacy. Information needed at a certain time, location or immediacy are typical kinds of information that are natural candidates for access via cellular phones [Seppala and Alamaki, 2002]. Four m-learning pilot projects are now in progress at the Open University of Israel (OUI) which include mobile accessibility to (1) discussion groups held on the websites of academic courses; (2) Video lessons (live & VOD); (3) audio books for students with learning disabilities (for cellular and MP3 players); and (4) administrative information (SMS messages). This paper reports on these four experiments, examining the types of use students may make with their cellular phones and other mobile devices to access support learning materials.
A Context-Aware Role-Based Access Control Model for Web Services
Authors: SHEN Haibo, HONG Fan
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on e-Business Engineering (2005)

A key challenge in Web services security is the design of effective access control schemes that can adequately meet the unique security challenges posed by the Web services paradigm. Despite the recent advances in Web based access control approaches applicable to Web services, there remain issues that impede the development of effective access control models for Web services environment. Amongst them are the lacks of context-aware models for access control, and do not deal with composite Web service. In this paper, we present a context-aware role-based access control model (CGRBAC) to addresses these issues. The proposed approach introduces global roles which are used in the mapping to local roles of other services providers. We outline the configuration mechanism needed to apply our model to the Web services environment.
Intrusion detection in wireless embedded sensor networks
Authors: Yann-Hang Lee
Venue:  (2005)

Recent advances in embedded system and wireless technologies have enabled the integration of sensors and communication devices and made a rich design space of networked sensors viable. Embedded system technologies have realized form-factor, low-power, and reliable sensing devices, etc. On the other hand, a large scale sensor network becomes practical with the growing popularity of wireless technologies in ad-hoc and multi-hop networks. As such networks are likely deployed in an unattended environment, security becomes a major concern. In this dissertation, we address the security challenges of sensor networks caused by possible malicious attacks and intrusions. The foci are to detect malicious behavior in message transmission, to reliably and securely disseminate broadcast messages to the networks, and to establish an efficient and secure mechanism in the collection of sensed data. A watchdog, a medium access control (MAC) layer mechanism, is used to identify nodes that fail to forward the packets they agreed to forward. To address the ambiguous collision limitation of watchdog mechanism and to have a reliable monitoring operation, two protocols, Watchdog Alert (WA) and Watchdog Confirmation (WC) protocol, are devised and studied. After the construction of a reliable watchdog mechanism at medium access control layer, our research is devoted to reliable and secure broadcast which is also intrusion-tolerant. In the middle of broadcasting, intruders may introduce malicious messages to the network by forwarding forged messages, which may result in network disruption or considerable overhead. Hence, an intrusion-tolerant mechanism other than cryptosystem is necessary to make scalable wireless networks functional in the presence of intruders. We introduce Intrusion-Tolerant Broadcast (ITB) Protocol based on mutual verification and level synchronization which guarantees that no forged information can be propagated in the network. To support secure data collection operations in sensor networks, we further investigate a security mechanism for data aggregation. Data aggregation is a necessary technique for communication efficiency in large-scaled wireless sensor networks and is usually characterized by rooted-tree and data-collecting based networks. A novel key establishment protocol, called Security Protocol for Data Aggregation (SPDA), is devised which can allow any data aggregation algorithm to be operated securely.
A parameterized interpreter for modeling different AOP mechanisms
Authors: Naoyasu Ubayashi, Genki Moriyama, Hidehiko Masuhara, Tetsuo Tamai
Venue: Proceedings of the 20th IEEE/ACM international Conference on Automated software engineering (2005)

We present a parameterized interpreter for modeling aspect-oriented mechanisms. The interpreter takes several parameters to cover different AOP mechanisms found in AspectJ, Hyper/J, and Demeter. The interpreter helps our understanding of the AOP mechanisms in two ways. First, its core part represents the common mechanical structure shared by different AOP mechanisms. Second, by reconstructing the existing AOP mechanisms and using parameters to configure the interpreter, we can illustrate the differences and similarities of those mechanisms clearly. This will also be helpful in rapid-prototyping a new AOP mechanism or a reflective AOP system that supports different mechanisms.
A Rumor-Spreading Model of Service Advertisement Forwarding in Decentralized E-Commerce
Authors: Dalu ZHANG, Fang GAO, Zhe YANG
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on e-Business Engineering (2005)

SophiNode uses P2P infrastructure to realize a decentralized E-Commerce application. And service advertisement forwarding is an interesting topic in SophiNode. We discuss speed, scope and overhead feature of a service discovery system, and put forward a Rumor-Spreading model to improve these features. We try to simulate rumor-spreading process of human life, and avoid unnecessary duplicated advertisement overhead. Two key concepts are adopted: Forwarding Probability and Forwarding Weight. The former is in inverse proportion with service advertisement popularity; so that popular advertisements are filtered while rare advertisements are wildly spread. The later helps to determine the Next Hop when forwarding an advertisement. Our simulation shows that after Rumor- Spreading model is adopted, speed and scope feature of service query is improved while overhead feature keeps steady.
An Efficient Approximate Algorithm for the 1-Median Problem in Metric Spaces
Authors: D. Cantone, G. Cincotti, A. Ferro, A. Pulvirenti
Venue: SIAM Journal on Optimization (2005)

We propose a simple and natural linear randomized algorithm for the approximate 1-median selection problem in metric spaces. The 1-median of a finite subset S of a metric space is the element of S which minimizes the average distance from the remaining points in S. This problem is extremely important in most applications using clustering of metric spaces, but also in connection with several algorithms in bioinformatics. The only linear approximation algorithm for the 1-median problem, which provably works in any metric space without going through any Euclidean space, has been proposed by Indyk in [Proceedings of the 31st Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing, Atlanta, 1999, pp. 428--432]. However, Indyk's algorithm, which is based on sufficiently large sampling, turns out not to be a practical solution. The same holds true even for its heuristic variants which use samplings of smaller size. The algorithm we propose has a simple and efficient implementation, which performs better than Indyk's algorithm in practice. On the other hand, while the performance of Indyk's algorithm is guaranteed by an approximation factor, in the case of our algorithm we are only able to produce experimental evidence of its precision. Extensive experimentation has been performed on both synthetic and real input datasets. Synthetic datasets were generated with uniform and skewed distributions, using various metrics. Real datasets have been extrapolated from real world official databases available on the web. Successful results of the proposed algorithm are reported for several applications in bioinformatics and various classes of approximate search queries.
Exceptional ASIC: Through Automatic Timing Exception Generation (ATEG)
Authors: Siva Embanath, Ramakrishnan Venkata
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on VLSI Design held jointly with 5th International Conference on Embedded Systems Design (2006)

The next inclusion in the industrial ASIC design flow is going to be automatic timing exception generation (ATEG). The current manual and reactive approach of identifying timing exceptions and doing timing closure through iterations will be addressed. With ATEG tools able to make the design more transparent, the major advantage will be seen on the implementation of complex SoC designs with dozens of third party IP cores with very limited design knowledge on these IP. Add to this Automatic Constraints Generation (ACG) tool, capable of doing automatic clock definition and constraints generation, the design flow matures to an Ideal design flow. The paper will go through in detail of an experiment for evolving a new design flow for optimal usage of ATEG for better timing closure and Quality of Result (QoR) with less number of iterations. It will first cover the problems faced during inclusion of ATEG in the existing design flow and how they are solved in the new design flow. The design flow shall be robust to accept any ATEG tool and get the maximum advantage. The paper will share the details of an actual design implementation in the ATEG flow and the results compared with that of the existing standard design flow. It will end with suggestions for making a simple and flexible ATEG flow for targeted design implementation goals and also a wish list for upcoming ATEG tools.