ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Estimated-TCP-throughput Maximization based Routing
Authors: Hitomi Takahasi, Masato Saito, Hiroto Aida, Yoshito Tobe, Hideyuki Tokuda
Venue: Proceedings of the 28th Annual IEEE International Conference on Local Computer Networks (2003)

This paper presents a new routing scheme calledEstimated-TCP-throughput Maximization based Routing(ETR) scheme for mobile ad hoc networks(MANET).Many routing protocols have been proposedto build multi-hop networks in MANET.Most of theseprotocols select a path based simply on hop metrics, althoughthe shortest path is not always the best path underthe influence of radio link quality.We propose that the path should be selected with themaximum end-to-end TCP throughput because most ofapplications use TCP.In ETR, as a new metric forrouting, we introduce an estimated TCP-throughput.Asource node measures loss and delay for a path withprobing packets periodically.The node estimates maximumTCP throughput from the expression of first approximationwith those measured values, and exchangesa path dynamically so that the performance of the usingpath will be the best of all paths.This paper showsthe design and implementation of ETR.We add ETRto Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) protocol in ourMANET testbed, and evaluate ETR.In the case of 50%packet loss at DSR layer, ETR improves TCP throughputby 93% than unmodified DSR.ETR can select thepath whose TCP throughput is maximum from the multiplepaths to a destination.
Policy-based Separation of Concerns for Dynamic Code Mobility Management
Authors: Rebecca Montanari, Gianluca Tonti, Cesare Stefanelli
Venue: Proceedings of the 27th Annual International Conference on Computer Software and Applications (2003)

The convergence between the Internet and telecommunicationsystems promotes an integrated scenario characterizedby different flavors of mobility. Users can connectto the network from ubiquitous points of attachment andwireless portable devices can roam by maintaining continuousconnectivity. Novel middleware technologiesbased on code mobility has the potential to enhance serviceprovisioning to mobile users/devices. However, codemobility adds complexity to the design of applicationsand calls for new approaches for the programming ofcode mobility strategies. Separation between mobility andcomputational concerns is crucial to reduce the complexityof code mobility control and to favor rapid mobilecode-based service prototyping, run-time configurationand maintenance. To achieve the needed degree of separationof concerns the paper advocates the adoption ofpolicies and proposes a policy-based framework for dynamiccode mobility management. In addition, the paperexplores a reflective-based approach to mobility controland compares policy- with reflective-based programmingsolutions to point out the main differences and lessonslearned.
DARX&mdash;A Framework For The Fault-Tolerant Support Of Agent Software
Authors: Olivier Marin, Marin Bertier, Pierre Sens
Venue: Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Software Reliability Engineering (2003)

This paper presents DARX, our framework for building applications that provide adaptive fault tolerance. It relies on the fact that multi-agent platforms constitute a verystrong basis for decentralized software that is both flexibleand scalable, and makes the assumption that the relative importance of each agent varies during the course of the computation. DARX regroups solutions which facilitate the creation of multi-agent applications in a large-scale context.Its most important feature is adaptive replication: replication strategies are applied on a per-agent basis with respectto transient environment characteristics such as the importance of the agent for the computation, the network load orthe mean time between failures.Firstly, the interwoven concerns of multi-agent systemsand fault-tolerant solutions are put forward. An overview ofthe DARX architecture follows, as well as an evaluation ofits performances. We conclude, after outlining the promising outcomes, by presenting prospective work.
Recent and emerging work in music technology in Southeast Asia
Authors: Minni K. Ang
Venue: Organised Sound (2001)

Music technology work in Southeast Asia faces challenges unique to this region. Economic, religious and cultural factors hinder its progress. Despite these factors, pockets of development have occurred, most notably in Singapore and Malaysia. Academic programmes have been introduced; strides have been made in research and development; and commercially viable music technology products have been invented and marketed. Various centres in the region are active in music technology-related work: the Music Department at Universiti Putra Malaysia, the Electronic Music Lab at the National University of Singapore, and Creative Resource at the International Business Park in Singapore. The First International Music Technology Conference in Southeast Asia held in Kuala Lumpur recently received lukewarm response in terms of turnout and contributions. People from this region have produced a relatively small number of music technology-related publications. Music technology work in Southeast Asia can thus be said to be in its infancy with small but significant steps being taken to expand; however, for the region to become a major contributor on the international level, the various hindrances identified will need to be addressed and overcome.
A Fast Spectral Method for Active 3D Shape Reconstruction
Authors: Jia Li, Alfred O. Hero
Venue: Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision (2004)

Variational energy minimization techniques for surface reconstruction are implemented by evolving an active surface according to the solutions of a sequence of elliptic partial differential equations (PDE's). For these techniques, most current approaches to solving the elliptic PDE are iterative involving the implementation of costly finite element methods (FEM) or finite difference methods (FDM). The heavy computational cost of these methods makes practical application to 3D surface reconstruction burdensome. In this paper, we develop a fast spectral method which is applied to 3D active surface reconstruction of star-shaped surfaces parameterized in polar coordinates. For this parameterization the Euler-Lagrange equation is a Helmholtz-type PDE governing a diffusion on the unit sphere. After linearization, we implement a spectral non-iterative solution of the Helmholtz equation by representing the active surface as a double Fourier series over angles in spherical coordinates. We show how this approach can be extended to include region-based penalization. A number of 3D examples and simulation results are presented to illustrate the performance of our fast spectral active surface algorithms.
Model-supported alignment of information systems architecture
Authors: Andreas L. Opdahl
Venue: Business strategies for information technology management (2003)

The chapter presents an alignment framework and an associated representation framework for information systems (IS) architecture management. The alignment framewfork supports identification of high-level longer-term principles for evolution of IS architectures. The fundamental idea of the alignment framework is to generate alternative future IS architectures by grouping IS-architecture phenomena into IS-architecture areas in different ways. The representation framework supports the creation of IS-architecture models that can support IS-architecture alignment and other IS-architecture management tasks. In addition, the representation framework is a conceptual model for thinking about IS-architectures. Together, the alignment and representation frameworks constitute an early theory of IS architectures and IS-architecture work. They are part of a comprehensive methodology that results from several years of case and theory studies, tool development, industrial projects and consulting.
Enhancing lisp instruction with RCXLisp and robotics
Authors: Frank Klassner
Venue: ACM SIGCSE Bulletin (2004)

This paper presents the RCXLisp library, an extension to Common Lisp that allows students to investigate a broad range of artificial intelligence and computer science topics using the LEGO MindStorms® platform. The library has two features that distinguish it from other third-party packages and languages designed by academics and hobbyists for programming the MindStorms platform. The first is that it supports both remote control and on-board programming of MindStorms robots. The second is that it supports targeted communication between multiple LEGO robots and command-center desktops. The package is also the only one to be integrated into most popular Common Lisp programming environments. This paper also summarizes student experiences with the package over the years 2000-2003 in an Artificial Intelligence course.
The 3D Line Motion Matrix and Alignment of Line Reconstructions
Authors: Adrien Bartoli, Peter Sturm
Venue: International Journal of Computer Vision (2004)

We study the problem of aligning two 3D line reconstructions in projective, affine, metric or Euclidean space.We introduce the 6 &times; 6 3D line motion matrix that acts on Pl&uuml;cker coordinates. We characterize its algebraic properties and its relation to the usual 4 &times; 4 point motion matrix, and propose various methods for estimating 3D motion from line correspondences, based on cost functions defined in images or 3D space. We assess the quality of the different estimation methods using simulated data and real images.
"Shadow theories" in Fountain's theory of technology enactment
Authors: Carl Grafton
Venue: Social Science Computer Review (2003)

Fountain was concerned with the effect of information technologies on government. Her thesis was that government organizations are strongly motivated to adopt information technologies and that the ways these technologies are used and their effects vary depending on agency interests. Although Fountain claimed to present original ideas, elements of her thesis have been commonplace for decades in political science, public administration, business administration, and the field of science, technology, and public policy. Instead of crediting orthodox concepts such as technological determinism, rational actor models, incrementalism, and systems analysis, she attacked them as "shadow theories" only to import large elements of them back into her own framework. Fountain sought to dazzle us with her originality when she really was assembling a worth while research agenda out of good ideas taken from existing scholarship. Instead of encouraging cooperation in her modest venture, she invites a backlash.
Effective Heuristics to Solve Pickup and Delivery Problems with Time Windows
Authors: Vincent Tam, Lois C. Y. Tseng
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence (2003)

Pickup and delivery problem with time windows (PDP-TW) is a challenging scheduling problem for which each delivery is coupled with a pickup request. Metaheuristic search techniques like the tabu search have been used to solve PDP-TW. In this paper, we investigated a min-conflicts based micro-genetic algorithm combining some interesting construction heuristic, namely the Align-Fold or Boomerang, and repair heuristics including a new Swap operator and a modified billiard operator to effectively solve PDD-TW. Our results compared favorably against those of a tabu-embedded metaheuristic search on a set of modified Solomon's test cases. More importantly, our proposed heuristics can easily be integrated into many search schemes for solving other complex scheduling problems.
A bitmap-based access control for restricted views of XML documents
Authors: Abhilash Gummadi, Jong P. Yoon, Biren Shah, Vijay Raghavan
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 ACM workshop on XML security (2003)

The information on the web is growing at a very fast pace. In this ever-accumulating data, the volume of information represented in XML format is on the rise in recent times. An organization that puts forth its information on the web in XML format has several issues to take into account such as limiting the view of intended audience to only relevant portions of the documents. To address this problem, we propose the concept of "Restricted views" to implement security in XML documents. This could be accomplished by defining "Access control" for the users trying to access the system. In this paper, we describe a bitmap-based approach to represent access control in XML documents. We also introduce a new three-dimensional bitmap called security cube, which efficiently represents access control on XML documents at their finest level of granularity.
Efficient query evaluation using a two-level retrieval process
Authors: Andrei Z. Broder, David Carmel, Michael Herscovici, Aya Soffer, Jason Zien
Venue: Proceedings of the twelfth international conference on Information and knowledge management (2003)

We present an efficient query evaluation method based on a two level approach: at the first level, our method iterates in parallel over query term postings and identifies candidate documents using an approximate evaluation taking into account only partial information on term occurrences and no query independent factors; at the second level, promising candidates are fully evaluated and their exact scores are computed. The efficiency of the evaluation process can be improved significantly using dynamic pruning techniques with very little cost in effectiveness. The amount of pruning can be controlled by the user as a function of time allocated for query evaluation. Experimentally, using the TREC Web Track data, we have determined that our algorithm significantly reduces the total number of full evaluations by more than 90%, almost without any loss in precision or recall. At the heart of our approach there is an efficient implementation of a new Boolean construct called WAND or Weak AND that might be of independent interest.
A strategy for testability enhancement at layout level
Authors: J. P. Teixeira, I. C. Teixeira, C. F. B. Almeida, F. M. Gonçalves, J. Gonçalves, R. Crespo
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on European design automation (1990)

Integrated circuits (ICs) need to be designed for testability. The purpose of this paper is to present a strategy for testability enhancement, at the lower levels of the design, which is supported in hardware refinement and software improvement. Main areas of low-cost software improvement, for test preparation, are identified as logic extraction, test vector sequencing and the introduction of circuit knowledge in fault simulation. The strategy for hardware improvement is based on realistic fault list generation, fault hardness classification, and layout-level DFT (design for testability) rules derivation. A software package for test preparation [1, 2] is extensively used to identify the realistic faults in MOS digital ICs which are harder to detect, and to derive layout rules for hard fault avoidance. Simulation examples are presented, that ascertain the conclusions drawn in this work.
Investigation of concurrent processes by means of homotopy functors
Authors: Stefan Sokołowski
Venue: Mathematical Structures in Computer Science (2002)

We show a method for translating concurrent systems into partially ordered sets in a functorial way. This is done in a way resembling the construction of the fundamental groups in topology. Since the morphisms of concurrent systems have a flavour of the implementability of one system in another, the functor provides a tool for proving certain non-implementability results.
Synthesis of Application Specific Multiprocessor Architectures for Process Networks
Authors: Basant Kumar Dwivedi, Anshul Kumar, M. Balakrishnan
Venue: Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on VLSI Design (2004)

In this paper, we address the problem of synthesis of applicationspecific multiprocessor SoC architectures for processnetworks of streaming applications. An application ismodeled as Kahn Process Network (KPN) which makes theparallelism present in the application explicit. The synthesisprocess involves selection of computation modules, memorymodules, communication architecture and mapping of processesof KPN on compute units and channels on memorymodules. Our solution minimizes hardware cost while takinginto account the performance constraints. One of thesalient features of our work is that it takes into account theadditional overheads because of data communication conflicts.Our method uses average processing requirements ofKPN to handle data dependent behavior of processes andcycles within the KPN. In contrast to others, we do not performstatic scheduling, only mapping and synthesis is done.
Artificial neural network modeling for mechanical design expert systems: elastomeric vibration isolator case study
Authors: Thomas P. Kicher
Venue:  (2003)

An artificial neural network based methodology for mechanical component functional modeling is presented that can be used as the kernel for expert design systems. The proposed methodology captures several generations and variations of design data within a general product type. The artificial neural network methodology is improved with a demonstrated process for selecting the best mapping networks and tests for validating the primary and secondary relationships between the training parameters and the output parameters. This generalization process is also shown to be successful in finding spurious data points. Mapping parameter reduction concepts are developed for minimizing the &ldquo;curse of dimensionality&rdquo; without losing the capability of capturing the highly nonlinear, interdependent relationships. The network training process is further improved with demonstrated methods for supplementing the training data with heuristics, limiting conditions, and analytical based training data. With this supplementation it is shown that the mapped domain can be significantly expanded beyond the base training domain. A data transformation technique is developed that significantly improves the accuracy of the mapping function for the large training domain range coupled with a large variation in training data density. Also proposed and developed is the use of uncertainty for both the training data and the mapped results. These improvements to the traditional artificial neural network mapping process result in a robust expert design system kernel. These mapping process concepts are validated on a product line of elastomeric vibration isolators spanning several engineering generations. These isolators embody many design variables with multiple design parameters. This database is representative of many in the mechanical design field that can be leveraged for new designs. This induction process reduces the dependence of traditional expert system development in capturing the basic and heuristic knowledge from several generations of human experts. The final product of this research is a robust expert design system kernel for elastomeric vibration isolators that has induced it's mapping function from real data that contains all the relationships difficult to capture by traditional modeling techniques. The final kernel is significantly more generalized than the specific design points used to train it.
Book Reviews
Venue: Queue (2004)

Knowledge is power, and you’ll feel both knowledgeable and powerful after reading this book. The first chapter of this latest edition of Hacking Exposed discusses footprinting, the methodical process of network reconnaissance. The goal is to gather data about an organization in a controlled fashion and compile a complete security profile, including domain names, individual IP (Internet protocol) addresses, and network blocks.
An Evolutionary Bluetooth Scatternet Formation Protocol
Authors: Hiranmayi Sreenivas, Hesham Ali
Venue: Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 37th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'04) - Track 9 - Volume 9 (2004)

Wireless technologies such as 802.11 do not impose topology constraints on the network; however, Bluetooth imposes certain constraints for constructing valid topologies. The performance of Bluetooth depends largely on these topologies. This paper presents and evaluates the performance of a new evolutionary scatternet topology construction protocol for Bluetooth networks. A scatternet can be viewed as a Bluetooth ad hoc network that is formed by interconnecting piconets. The scatternets formed have the following properties: 1) the scatternets are connected, i.e. every Bluetooth device can be reached from every other device, 2) piconet size is limited to eight nodes to avoid "parking" of slaves and the associated overhead, 3) the number of piconets is close to the universal lower bound that defines the optimal number of piconets, resulting in low interference amongst piconets, and 4) end-user delay is minimized during scatternet formation. This paper also reviews existing approaches to constructing scatternet topologies and suggests extensions to the proposedscatternet formation protocol.
Dynamic Portfolio Selection of NPD Programs Using Marginal Returns
Authors: Christoph H. Loch, Stylianos Kavadias
Venue: Management Science (2002)

Selecting program portfolios within a budget constraint is an important challenge in the management of new product development (NPD). Optimal portfolios are difficult to define because of the combinatorial complexity of project combinations. However, at the aggregate level of the strategic allocation of resources across product lines, investment in a program is not an all-or-nothing decision, but can beadjusted, resulting in a higher or lower program benefit (e.g., higher or lower quality). In some cases, resources can be adjusted even for individual projects.With this insight, one can usemarginal analysis to optimally allocate the scarce budget. This article develops a dynamic model of resource allocation, taking into account multiple interacting factors, such as independent or correlated, uncertain market payoffs that change over time, increasing or decreasing returns from the NPD investment, carry-over of the investment benefit over multiple periods, and interactions across market segments. We characterize optimal policies in closed form and derive qualitative decision rules for managers.
Cost, quality and user satisfaction of software products: an empirical analysis
Authors: M. S. Krishnan
Venue: Proceedings of the 1993 conference of the Centre for Advanced Studies on Collaborative research: software engineering - Volume 1 (1993)

This paper describes an empirical study of the relationship between incurred cost and quality attributes in software development projects. Quality is measured by product failures in the field and user satisfaction is measured by customer feedback. We propose a conceptual model of software management that simultaneously considers development cost, quality and user satisfaction. The framework enables the identification of management strategies for new product enhancements and service support. The influence of quality attributes on development costs is assessed using a field dataset of 27 development projects of a leading software development company. Our results confirm that total cost of development and support of software products decreases as quality increases. Further, front-end investments in design and planning, especially for larger and complex projects, substantially reduce total cost.