ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Employing fractional autocorrelation for fast detection and sweep rate estimation of pulse compression radar waveforms
Authors: Olcay Akay, Erten Erözden
Venue: Signal Processing (2009)

Fractional autocorrelation of a signal defined for a fractional domain at an arbitrary angle of the time-frequency plane exactly corresponds to the radial slice of the radar ambiguity function (AF) of that signal at that particular angle. In other words, any radial cross-section of the radar AF, that itself serves as a two-dimensional correlation function, can be readily obtained by computing fractional autocorrelation, which is one-dimensional. In this manuscript, we employ a novel fast detection statistic derived utilizing this property of fractional autocorrelation for computationally efficient detection of pulse compression radar waveforms such as the step linear frequency modulated (SLFM) signal, Frank code, and P1 and P4 codes. As a byproduct, the detection algorithm also serves as an unbiased estimator of the sweep rate (chirp rate) of the considered radar waveforms. Through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, we investigate the performance of the detection statistic and compare it against the matched filter and generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) detectors of the linear frequency modulated (LFM) signal. Performance of the accompanying sweep rate estimator is also demonstrated using mean square error (MSE) curves and compared with the optimum maximum likelihood (ML) estimator of the sweep rate parameter of the LFM signal.
Order and magnitude share a common representation in parietal cortex
Authors: Michael S. Franklin, John Jonides
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2009)

The role of the intraparietal sulcus (IPS) in the representation of numerical magnitude is well established. Recently, there has also been speculation that the IPS is involved in the representation of ordinal information as well. These claims, however, overlook the fact that all neuroimaging paradigms in which participants make judgments about either magnitude and/or order result in a behavioral distance effect (i.e., the comparison is easier when the stimuli span a greater distance). This leaves open two possibilities: It may be that activation of the IPS is due to the mechanism that yields distance effects, or it may be that the IPS is involved in the representation of information about both magnitude and order. The current study used fMRI to compare a magnitude task in which participants show distance effects to an order-judgment task that yields reverse-distance effects. The results reveal activation of the IPS for both the magnitude and order tasks that is based on participants' strategies as opposed to the actual distance between the numbers. This leads to the conclusion that the IPS represents a mental number line, and that accessing this line can lead to distance effects when participants compare magnitudes and to reverse-distance effects when participants check for order.
Combining Time and Space Similarity for Small Size Learning under Concept Drift
Authors: Indrė Žliobaitė
Venue: Proceedings of the 18th International Symposium on Foundations of Intelligent Systems (2009)

We present concept drift responsive method for classifier training for sequential data. Relevant instance selection for training is based on similarity to the target observation. Similarity in space and in time is combined. The algorithm determines an optimal training set size. It can be used plugging in different base classifiers. The proposed algorithm shows the best accuracy in the peer group. The algorithm complexity is reasonable for the field applications. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
What Needs Tell Us about User Experience
Authors: Annika Wiklund-Engblom, Marc Hassenzahl, Anette Bengs, Susanne Sperring
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th IFIP TC 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Part II (2009)

The present study explores the sources and consequences of fulfilling six fundamental human needs, namely Autonomy, Relatedness, Competence, Stimulation, Influence, and Security, through using interactive products and media. Each need refers to a distinct set of issues, such as according product attributes (e.g., "flexibility") and experiential consequences (e.g., "freedom of choice"). Besides the need-specific content, which helps to characterize and differentiate user experiences, the study reveals the close relation between needs and according product attributes as their mirror images.
MLMAC-UL and ECTS-MAC - Two MAC Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks with Unidirectional Links
Authors: Stephan Mank, Reinhardt Karnapke, Jörg Nolte
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Third International Conference on Sensor Technologies and Applications (2009)

Unidirectional links are a common property of all wireless networks. In many cases, the range of these links exceeds that of bidirectional links by far. Still, most protocols ignore their existence or simply discard them. In this paper we introduce two new medium access control (MAC) protocols called MLMAC-UL and ECTS-MAC that are able to transmit data over unidirectional links and receive acknowledgment messages for them using a neighborhood discovery protocol. Both protocols, as well as two reference protocols, were evaluated in simulations and using a real sensornetwork consisting of TMote Sky sensor nodes.
Translation corpus source and size in bilingual retrieval
Authors: Paul McNamee, James Mayfield, Charles Nicholas
Venue: Proceedings of Human Language Technologies: The 2009 Annual Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Companion Volume: Short Papers (2009)

This paper explores corpus-based bilingual retrieval where the translation corpora used vary by source and size. We find that the quality of translation alignments and the domain of the bitext are important. In some settings these factors are more critical than corpus size. We also show that judicious choice of tokenization can reduce the amount of bitext required to obtain good bilingual retrieval performance.
Roughness-Adaptive 3D Watermarking of Polygonal Meshes
Authors: Kwangtaek Kim, Mauro Barni, Hong Z. Tan
Venue: Information Hiding: 11th International Workshop, IH 2009, Darmstadt, Germany, June 8-10, 2009, Revised Selected Papers (2009)

We present a general method to improve watermark robustness by exploiting the masking effect of surface roughness on watermark visibility, which, to the best of our knowledge, has not been studied in 3D digital watermarking. Our idea is to adapt watermark strength to local surface roughness based on the knowledge that human eyes are less sensitive to changes on a rougher surface patch than those on a smoother surface. We implemented our idea in a modified version of a well known method proposed by Benedens [3]. As an additional contribution, we modified Benedens's method in two ways to improve its performance. The first improvement led to a blind version of Benedens's method that no longer requires any key that depends on the surface mesh of the cover 3D object. The second improvement concerned the robustness of bit `1' in the watermark. Experimental results showed that our new method permits to improve watermark robustness by 41% to 56% as compared to the original Benedens's method. Further analyses indicated that the average watermark strength by our roughness-adaptive method was larger than that by the original Benedens's method while ensuring watermark imperceptibility. This was the main reason for the improvement in robustness observed in our experiments. We conclude that exploiting the masking property of human vision is a viable way to improve the robustness of 3D watermarks in general, and therefore could be applied to other 3D digital watermarking techniques.
Guest Editors' Introduction: End-User Software Engineering
Authors: Andrew J. Ko, Robin Abraham, Margaret M. Burnett, Brad A. Myers
Venue: IEEE Software (2009)

Millions of people program to support their work but don't call themselves programmers. The field of end-user software engineering is concerned with helping these people create reliable, dependable, and reusable programs, without distracting them from their primary tasks. This special issue of IEEE Software presents a selection of research from this field, providing a glimpse of some of the exciting advances made in past 10 years of research and development.
Learning contrastive connectives in sentence realization ranking
Authors: Crystal Nakatsu
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th SIGdial Workshop on Discourse and Dialogue (2008)

We look at the average frequency of contrastive connectives in the SPaRKy Restaurant Corpus with respect to realization ratings by human judges. We implement a discriminative n-gram ranker to model these ratings and analyze the resulting n-gram weights to determine if our ranker learns this distribution. Surprisingly, our ranker learns to avoid contrastive connectives. We look at possible explanations for this distribution, and recommend improvements to both the generator and ranker of the sentence plans/realizations.
Topological SLAM Using Fast Vision Techniques
Authors: Felix Werner, Frederic Maire, Joaquin Sitte
Venue: Proceedings of the FIRA RoboWorld Congress 2009 on Advances in Robotics (2009)

In this paper we propose a method for vision only topological simultaneous localisation and mapping (SLAM). Our approach does not use motion or odometric information but a sequence of noisy visual measurements observed by traversing an environment. In particular, we address the perceptual aliasing problem which occurs using external observations only in topological navigation.We propose a Bayesian inference method to incrementally build a topological map by inferring spatial relations from the sequence of observations while simultaneously estimating the robot's location. The algorithm aims to build a small map which is consistent with local adjacency information extracted from the sequence measurements. Local adjacency information is incorporated to disambiguate places which otherwise would appear to be the same.Experiments in an indoor environment show that the proposed technique is capable of dealing with perceptual aliasing using visual observations only and successfully performs topological SLAM.
An Assume Guarantee Verification Methodology for Aspect-Oriented Programming
Authors: M. Ispir, A. Betin Can
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 23rd IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (2008)

We propose a modular verification methodology for aspect oriented programs. Aspects are the new modularization units to encapsulate crosscutting concerns and have powerful features whose effects can drastically change software behavior. Having such an impact on behavior requires an automated verification support. In this work we introduce a technique that separately answers two questions: "does the aspect have the provisioned effect?" and "does the base program satisfy the assumptions of the aspect?" To answer these questions modularly, we propose using design contracts and state machines as aspect interfaces. An aspect interface both closes the environment of the aspect and specifies its assumptions on any base code. We show that our approach can be used in verifying AspectJ programs modularly and checking compatibility for aspect reuse.
Segmentation of Brain MR Images Using an Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Myung-Eun Lee, Soo-Hyung Kim, Wan-Hyun Cho, Soon-Young Park, Jun-Sik Lim
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Ninth IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Bioengineering (2009)

In this paper, we describe a segmentation method for brain MR images using an ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm. This is a relatively new meta-heuristic algorithm and a successful paradigm of all the algorithms which take advantage of the insect’s behavior. It has been applied to solve many optimization problems with good discretion, parallel, robustness and positive feedback. As an advanced optimization algorithm, only recently, researchers began to apply ACO to image processing tasks. Hence, we segment the MR brain image using ant colony optimization algorithm. Compared to traditional meta-heuristic segmentation methods, the proposed method has advantages that it can effectively segment the fine details.
A hierarchical multiprocessor bandwidth reservation scheme with timing guarantees
Authors: Hennadiy Leontyev, James H. Anderson
Venue: Real-Time Systems (2009)

A multiprocessor scheduling scheme is presented for supporting hierarchical containers that encapsulate sporadic soft and hard real-time tasks. In this scheme, each container is allocated a specified bandwidth, which it uses to schedule its children (some of which may also be containers). This scheme is novel in that, with only soft real-time tasks, no utilization loss is incurred when provisioning containers, even in arbitrarily deep hierarchies. Presented experiments show that the proposed scheme performs well compared to conventional real-time scheduling techniques that do not provide container isolation.
Learning motor dependent Crutchfield's information distance to anticipate changes in the topology of sensory body maps
Authors: Thomas Schatz, Pierre-Yves Oudeyer
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE 8th International Conference on Development and Learning (2009)

What can a robot learn about the structure of its own body when he does not already know the semantics, the type and the position of its sensors and motors? Previous work has shown that an information theoretic approach, based on pairwise Crutchfield's information distance on sensorimotor channels, could allow to measure the informational topology of the set of sensors, i.e. reconstruct approximately the topology of the sensory body map. In this paper, we argue that the informational sensors topology changes with motor configurations in many robotic bodies, but yet, because measuring Crutchfield's distance is very time consuming, it is impossible to remeasure the body's topology for each novel motor configuration. Rather, a model should be learnt that allows the robot to predict Crutchfield's informational distances, and thus anticipate informational body maps, for novel motor configurations. We present experiments showing that learning motor dependent Crutchfield distances can indeed be achieved.
Photo Realistic 3D Cartoon Face Modeling Based on Active Shape Model
Authors: Zhigeng Pan, Huansen Li, Mingmin Zhang, Yibin Ye, Xi Cheng, Alvin Tang, Ruigang Yang
Venue: Transactions on Edutainment II (2009)

We present a novel framework to automatically build 3D carton face model from a single frontal face image. We use the improved ASM algorithm to automatically detect the deformed key feature control points in the face image. The deformation of the control points is compared to that of a standard (average) face, and exaggerated based on face shape and the type of organs and their pitch. RBF-based smooth interpolation is used to generate a 3D model from the exaggerated control points. The resulting 3D human face model not only preserves the identity of the subject in the photo, but also looks cartoonish with exaggerated facial features. Experiments with a large number of real photographs show that our framework is feasible.
Microlens array fabrication by enhanced thermal reflow process: Towards efficient collection of fluorescence light from microarrays
Authors: E. Roy, B. Voisin, J. -F. Gravel, R. Peytavi, D. Boudreau, T. Veres
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2009)

This paper describes two enhanced resist reflow methods for the fabrication of microlens arrays and demonstrates their use for integrated biomolecular fluorescence detection on printed microarrays. A PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) microlens array was fabricated by a double soft lithography approach using a photoresist microlens array as master mold. Additionally, by using both a careful control of the surface wettability and thermal treatments, we demonstrate the possibility to extend the resist reflow process in order to tune the diameters of microlens array over a large range by using a unique photomask pattern. We introduce an enhanced reflow on hydrophobic surfaces obtained by fluorosilane treatment and identify a threshold shrinkage temperature (T"s"h"r"i"n"k"a"g"e) of 140^oC, above which the diameter of microlenses can be then reduced down to 40% compared with the initial pattern on the photomask. Furthermore, on hydrophilic substrates, achieved by an accurate incomplete development of the photoresist, we demonstrate a nearly perfect linear dependency (1.4@mm/^oC) of microlens diameter spreading up to 70% the initial diameter inside a temperature reflow window of 110-140^oC. For both approaches, above a freezing temperature (T"f"r"e"e"z"i"n"g) of 170^oC, the microlens profile characteristics are temperature independent. By using high numerical aperture microlens array, we provide a proof of concept for the integration and enhanced light collection of the fluorescent signals collected form a microarray of fluorescent spots thus showing the potential of the concept for biophotonic integration.
A 19nW analogue CMOS log-domain 6th-order Bessel filter without E-minus cells
Authors: Henry Man D. Ip, Emmanuel Mic. Drakakis, Anil A. Bharath
Venue: Microelectronics Journal (2009)

This paper contributes to the field of low-power high-order CMOS log-domain filters by: (a) suggesting a log-domain synthesis path which bypasses the need for E-minus cells and (b) by assessing the practicality of the proposed synthesis path by means of a 6th-order CMOS log-domain Bessel filter fabricated in the commercially available AMS 0.35@mm process. Measured results from the 19nW, 8-200Hz, 940@mm^2 Bessel filter chip confirm the validity of the proposed approach. The filter reported here is particularly useful for biomedical instruments such as portable ECG devices and Pulse-oximeters.
Efficient affinity-based edit propagation using K-D tree
Authors: Kun Xu, Yong Li, Tao Ju, Shi-Min Hu, Tian-Qiang Liu
Venue: ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) (2009)

Image/video editing by strokes has become increasingly popular due to the ease of interaction. Propagating the user inputs to the rest of the image/video, however, is often time and memory consuming especially for large data. We propose here an efficient scheme that allows affinity-based edit propagation to be computed on data containing tens of millions of pixels at interactive rate (in matter of seconds). The key in our scheme is a novel means for approximately solving the optimization problem involved in edit propagation, using adaptive clustering in a high-dimensional, affinity space. Our approximation significantly reduces the cost of existing affinity-based propagation methods while maintaining visual fidelity, and enables interactive stroke-based editing even on high resolution images and long video sequences using commodity computers.
An interactive 3D medical visualization system based on a light field display
Authors: Marco Agus, Fabio Bettio, Andrea Giachetti, Enrico Gobbetti, Jos&#x00e9; Antonio Iglesias&#x00a0;Guiti&#x00e1;n, Fabio Marton, Jonas Nilsson, Giovanni Pintore
Venue: The Visual Computer: International Journal of Computer Graphics (2009)

We present a prototype medical data visualization system exploiting a light field display and custom direct volume rendering techniques to enhance understanding of massive volumetric data, such as CT, MRI, and PET scans. The system can be integrated with standard medical image archives and extends the capabilities of current radiology workstations by supporting real-time rendering of volumes of potentially unlimited size on light field displays generating dynamic observer-independent light fields. The system allows multiple untracked naked-eye users in a sufficiently large interaction area to coherently perceive rendered volumes as real objects, with stereo and motion parallax cues. In this way, an effective collaborative analysis of volumetric data can be achieved. Evaluation tests demonstrate the usefulness of the generated depth cues and the improved performance in understanding complex spatial structures with respect to standard techniques.
Higher-Order Components for Grid Programming: Making Grids More Usable, 1st edition
Authors: Jan Dnnweber, Sergei Gorlatch
Venue:  (2009)

A major challenge in grid computing remains the application software development for this new kind of infrastructure. Grid application programmers have to take into account several complicated aspects: distribution of data and computations, parallel computations on different sites and processors, heterogeneity of the involved computers, load balancing, etc. Grid programmers thus demand novel programming methodologies that abstract over such technical details while preserving the beneficial features of modern grid middleware. For this purpose, the authors introduce Higher-Order Components (HOCs). HOCs implement generic parallel/distributed processing patterns, together with the required middleware support, and they are offered to users via a high-level service interface. Users only have to provide the application-specific pieces of their programs as parameters, while low-level implementation details, such as the transfer of data across the grid, are handled by the HOCs. HOCs were developed within the CoreGRID European Network of Excellence and have become an optional extension of the popular Globus middleware. The book provides the reader with hands-on experience, describing a broad collection of example applications from various fields of science and engineering, including biology, physics, etc. The Java code for these examples is provided online, complementing the book. The expected application performance is studied and reported for extensive performance experiments on different testbeds, including grids with worldwide distribution. The book is targeted at graduate students, advanced professionals, and researchers in both academia and industry. Readers can raise their level of knowledge about methodologies for programming contemporary parallel and distributed systems, and, furthermore, they can gain practical experience in using distributed software. Practical examples show how the complementary online material can easily be adopted in various new projects.
Approach to Wireless Sensor Network Development Based on IEEE1451
Authors: Li Zhaochun, Hua Jin, Cheng Yuzhu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Forum on Information Technology and Applications - Volume 01 (2009)

A wireless sensor network (WSN) is a collection of smart sensor nodes which are organized into a cooperative network. Based on wireless communication technologies, IEEE1451 standards integrate a variety of smart sensors with wireless radio implementations using protocols to communicate between the sensors and applications. Two ways are presented in this paper to develop a wireless sensor network based on IEEE1451: wireless TIMs and wireless NCAPs. The design of these two WSN solutions are detailed described. Additionally, the software architecture of TIMs and NCAPs are discussed.