ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Serial Parallel Multiplier Design in Quantum-dot Cellular Automata
Authors: Heumpil Cho, Earl E. Jr. Swartzlander
Venue: Proceedings of the 18th IEEE Symposium on Computer Arithmetic (2007)

An emerging nanotechnology, quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA), has the potential for attractive features such as faster speed, smaller size, and lower power consumption than transistor based technology. Quantum-dot cellular automata has a simple cell as the basic element. The cell is used as a building block to construct gates, wires, and memories. Several adder designs have been proposed, but multiplier design in QCA is a rather unexplored research area. This paper utilizes the QCA characteristics to design serial parallel multipliers. Two types of serial parallel multipliers are designed and simulated with several different operand sizes. Those designs are compared in terms of complexity, area, and latency. The serial parallel multipliers have simple and regular structures.
An Ontology-Based Approach to Context Modeling and Reasoning in Pervasive Computing
Authors: Dejene Ejigu, Marian Scuturici, Lionel Brunie
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops (2007)

The behavior of pervasive applications should depend not only on their internal state and user interactions but also on the context sensed during their execution. In this paper, we propose an ontology-based generic context management (GCoM) model. The GCoM model facilitates context reasoning by providing structure for contexts, rules and their semantics. Context and context semantics in GCoM model are represented using the upper and the lower level ontology. Rules are represented using ontology compatible rule languages. Even though ontology data has static nature, GCoM model is designed to be dynamic and reusable in multiple domains of pervasive applications where resource limitation is a key issue. Initial prototype of the use of the model is created and the result obtained is promising.
Student presentations in a project laboratory
Authors: M. E. Parten
Venue: Proceedings of the Frontiers in Education Conference on 1995. Proceedings., 1995 vol 1. - Volume 01 (1995)

The Electrical Engineering Laboratories at Texas Tech University are used to develop the student's presentation skills. Students are required to make many presentations with a variety of formats. Feedback to the students allows them to make continuous improvement over a two and a half year period. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Composition Techniques for Tree Communication Schedules
Authors: Madhukar Anand, Sebastian Fischmeister, Insup Lee
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (2007)

A critical resource in a distributed real-time system is its shared communication medium. Unrestrained concurrent access to the network can lead to collisions that reduce the system's reliability. Therefore in this area, one goal is to develop effective models for coordinating and controlling access to the shared medium and its channels. Network Code is a verifiable, executable model for coordinating and controlling access to a shared communication medium in a distributed real-time system. In this paper, we investigate the problem of building an application by composing multiple Network Code programs. To reason about the composition, we model Network Code programs as Tree Schedules (TS) and then consider the composition of schedules that describe how the network is accessed by different applications. Specifically, we first define the notions of compatibility and composability of tree schedules, and then provide algorithms for their composition and reason about overhead of composition. We illustrate the techniques by considering the composition of two control applications.
Energy Reduction in Wireless Sensor Networks through Measurement Estimation with Second Order Recurrent Neural Networks
Authors: Incheon Park, Derrick Takeshi Mirikitani
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Networking and Services (2007)

Wireless Sensor Networks are real time databases to real world phenomena. As wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) generally rely on batteries for power, the nodes of the network have a limited operational lifetime. Efficient power consumption is of utmost importance in operation and maintenance of the network. This paper summarizes work in progress in efficient energy consumption during sensor data collecting through time series modeling. A previous approach for energy efficient model in WSNs using a linear time series model for measurement prediction is reviewed and a new model utilizing a non-linear machine learning approach is proposed.
Packet Error Correction in Personal Area Networks
Authors: John K. Pollard
Venue: Proceedings of the First Asia International Conference on Modelling & Simulation (2007)

It is shown that redundancy may be introduced at packet level for any type of network that will allow networks themselves to self-correct information and to improve data reliability by several orders-of-magnitude. Modelling and simulation of Packet Error Correction has used an example static Bluetooth Personal Area Network, PAN containing mobile Slave devices. A novel retransmission of selected corrupt packets was used for point-to-point communication. This resulted in three orders-of-magnitude improvement in Packet Error Rate for frames of 16 packets and a transmission redundancy overhead of only 50%. Two different example communication routing schema are then suggested that allow all Masters to be connected. Slaves or Masters can communicate with all other Bluetooth devices using at least two independent paths. Redundant packet copies can then be routed. This shows a network itself can be used for the purpose of improving information reliability. This is a new idea.
Challenges towards a Distributed Persistence Layer for Next Generation CSCW Applications
Authors: Bernd Essmann, Thorsten Hampel, Reinhard Keil
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops (2007)

Mobility is a great chance for embedding Computer Supported Cooperative Learning/Work (CSCL/W) in users' everyday life. One of the most important values, added through the use of technology, is the ability to bridge different learning situations across time and space. This can be accomplished through virtual knowledge spaces which provide means to work over a period of time with different people located at different places. However, most current mobility s-supporting CSCL/W platforms lack facilities for distributing cooperation objects in a way that make them available when needed. Our approach for solving this problem is to provide a network-transparent persistence layer for storing and accessing objects in the network of participating nodes. Our solution takes the needs of CSCW applications into account and uses state of the art mechanisms for object distribution and load balancing.
Panel Summaries
Venue: IEEE Design Test (2007)

1. IEEE International Workshop on Design For Manufacturing & Yield, Gary Smith (Gary Smith EDA)--On 26 October, the first Workshop on Design for Manufacturing & Yield (DFM&Y) was held in conjunction with the International Test Conference. In addition to regular and invited papers, the workshop included a very interesting panel session. This panel explored DFM, DFY, and RET, both in terms of technology and as an emerging market. 2. Electronics Design Industry in the Middle East, Hazem El Tahawy (Mentor Graphics Egypt)--This panel took place on 19 November 2006 at the International Design and Test Workshop (IDT 2006) in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. The purpose was to explore the problems facing the electronics design industry in the Middle East and to make some recommendations in light of the experiences of newly industrialized countries from Northeast and Southeast Asia, as well as India. The main factors affecting the promotion of the electronics design industry in this region include motivating foreign direct investment, encouraging R&D, improving marketing, enhancing training and human development, and harnessing the finances needed to encourage capital-intensive industries.
Partial likelihood for estimation of multi-class posterior probabilities
Authors: T. Adali
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1999. on 1999 IEEE International Conference - Volume 02 (1999)

Partial likelihood (PL) provides a unified statistical framework for developing and studying adaptive techniques for nonlinear signal processing. In this paper, we present the general formulation for learning posterior probabilities on the PL cost for multi-class classifier design. We show that the fundamental information-theoretic relationship for learning on the PL cost, the equivalence of likelihood maximization and relative entropy minimization, is satisfied for the multiclass case for the perceptron probability model using softmax normalization. We note the inefficiency of training a softmax network and propose an efficient multiclass equalizer structure based on binary coding of the output classes. We show that the well-formed property of the PL cost is satisfied for the softmax and the new multiclass classifier. We present simulation results to demonstrate this fact and note that though the traditional mean square error (MSE) cost uses the available information more efficiently than the PL cost for the multi-class case, the new multi-class equalizer based on binary coding is much more effective in tracking abrupt changes due to the well-formed property of the cost that it uses.
PPM Reduction on Embedded Memories in System on Chip
Authors: Said Hamdioui, Zaid Al-Ars, Javier Jimenez, Jose Calero
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th IEEE European Test Symposium (2007)

This paper summarizes advanced test patterns designed to target dynamic and time-related faults caused by new defect mechanisms in deep-submicron memory technologies. Such tests are industrially evaluated together with the traditional tests at "Design of Systems on Silicon (DS2)" in Spain in order to (a) validate the used fault models and (b) investigate the added value of the new tests and their impact on the PPM level. The preliminary silicon results are presented and analyzed. They validate some of the new dynamic fault models and show the importance of considering dynamic faults for high outgoing product quality.
An extended methodology for educational software design: some critical points
Authors: F. J. Lage
Venue: Proceedings of the Frontiers in Education Conference, 2001. on 31st Annual - Volume 01 (2001)

This paper is part of a series of research lines related to the design, development and evaluation of educational software. These research lines intend not only to account for the problems faced by professors when attempting to incorporate computational applications to their educational practices, but also to provide them with a computational solution for their developments. In this particular case, the methodological aspect of the topic is considered to be relevant, since this is a crucial point to build a new product. This is why the activities matrix of the processes is presented, integrating pedagogical aspects to the conventional activities matrix, this integration being the central core of the authors' proposal.
Using ThermoNet, a web-based learning-resource, for teaching thermodynamics
Authors: D. Baker
Venue: Proceedings of the Frontiers in Education Conference, 2001. 31st Annual - Volume 02 (2001)

ThermoNet is a web-based learning resource being developed for introductory thermodynamic classes. The resource emphasizes instructional techniques that cannot be achieved using traditional textbooks, including the use of interaction, animations, and movies. The feasibility of replacing traditional lectures with computer-based instruction using tutorials in ThermoNet is explored, as are the advantages and disadvantages of having students work individually versus in groups on a tutorial. Three thermodynamics classes during the Spring 2001 semester were held in a computer lab where the students worked through a specific tutorial rather than listen to a lecture. Qualitative feedback on this technology obtained both from a questionnaire administered by the instructor and from an evaluation conducted by an independent evaluator are presented. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Reduction of interference in automotive radars using multiscale wavelet transform
Authors: E. Elsehely
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2001. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 05 (2001)

A technique is presented to minimise false decisions in automotive radars operating in close proximity. The technique also reduces the requirement on the power of the radar as signals can be detected with very low signal to noise ratios. The signal processing is achieved in real time using a field programmable array.
Theoretical and Experimental Study of a Meta-Typicalness Approach for Reliable Classification
Authors: E. N. Smirnov, A. Kaptein
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Data Mining - Workshops (2006)

We propose a meta-typicalness approach to apply the typicalness framework for any type of classifiers1. The approach can be used to construct classifiers with specified classification performance. Experiments show that the approach results in classifiers that can outperform an existing typicalness-based classifier.
Qos driven communication backbone for noc based embedded systems
Authors: Ravi Shankar
Venue:  (2006)

With the increasing complexity of the system design, it has become very critical to enhance system design productivity to meet with the time-to-market demands. Real Time embedded system designers are facing extreme challenges in underlying architectural design selection. It involves the selection of a programmable, concurrent, heterogeneous multiprocessor architecture platform. Such a multiprocessor system on chip (MPSoC) platform has set new innovative trends for the real-time systems and system on Chip (SoC) designers. The consequences of this trend imply the shift in concern from computation and sequential algorithms to modeling concurrency, synchronization and communication in every aspect of hardware and software co-design and development. Some of the main problems in the current deep sub-micron technologies characterized by gate lengths in the range of 60-90 nm arise from non scalable wire delays, errors in signal integrity and un-synchronized communication. These problems have been addressed by the use of packet switched Network on Chip (NOC) architecture for future SoCs and thus, real-time systems. Such a NOC based system should be able to support different levels of quality of service (QoS) to meet the real time systems requirements. It will further help in enhancing the system productivity by providing a reusable communication backbone. Thus, it becomes extremely critical to properly design a communication backbone (CommB) for NOC. Along with offering different levels of QoS, CommB is responsible directing the flow of data from one node to another node through routers, allocators, switches, queues and links. In this dissertation I present a reusable component based, design of CommB, suitable for embedded applications, which supports three types of QoS (real-time, multi-media and control applications).
Fixing races for fun and profit: how to abuse atime
Authors: Nikita Borisov, Rob Johnson, Naveen Sastry, David Wagner
Venue: Proceedings of the 14th conference on USENIX Security Symposium - Volume 14 (2005)

Dean and Hu proposed a probabilistic countermeasure to the classic access(2)/open(2) TOCTTOU race condition in privileged Unix programs [4]. In this paper, we describe an attack that succeeds with very high probability against their countermeasure. We then consider a stronger randomized variant of their defense and show that it, too, is broken. We conclude that access(2) must never be used in privileged Unix programs. The tools we develop can be used to attack other filesystem races, underscoring the importance of avoiding such races in secure software.
Improving DES coprocessor throughput for short operations
Authors: Mark Lindemann, Sean W. Smith
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th conference on USENIX Security Symposium - Volume 10 (2001)

Over the last several years, our research team built a commercially-offered secure coprocessor that, besides other features, offers high-speed DES: over 20 megabytes/second. However, it obtains these speeds only on operations with large data lengths. For DES operations on short data (e.g., 8-80 bytes), our commercial offering was benchmarked at less than 2 kilobytes/second. The programmability of our device enabled us to investigate this issue, identify and address a series of bottlenecks that were not initially apparent, and ultimately bring our short-DES performance close to 3 megabytes/second. This paper reports the results of this real-world systems exercise in hardware cryptographic acceleration--and demonstrates the importance of, when designing specialty hardware, not overlooking the software aspects governing how a device can be used.
From speech to talking faces: lip movements estimation based on linear approximators
Authors: F. Vignoli
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 04 (2000)

In human communication, speech understanding is greatly improved by the bimodal acoustic-visual effect, with respect to simple speech. This is particularly clear when the communication takes place in noisy environments or for non-native speakers. In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm based on linear approximators that estimates the lip movements from a timed sequence of phonemes. This sequence can be generated from real speech, by a segmentation technique based on a hidden Markov model (HMM), or from a text-to-speech system. The algorithm consists of two modules: the training module and the synthesis module. The training module is based on a eigen-analysis of an audiovisual database recorded for this purpose. The synthesis module takes as input the sequence of phonemes and implements an implicit coarticulation model. A later post-processing step converts the parameters estimated into a sequence of facial animation parameters that are compliant to the new MPEG-4 standard. The algorithm has been tested with FAE (Facial Animation Engine), which is an MPEG-4 compliant system developed at the author's university. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Fractal response of physiological signals to stress conditions, environmental changes, and neurodegenerative diseases: Essays and Commentaries
Authors: Nicola Scafetta, Richard E. Moon, Bruce J. West
Venue: Complexity (2007)

In the past two decades the biomedical community has witnessed several applications of nonlinear system theory to the analysis of biomedical time series and the development of nonlinear dynamic models. The development of this area of medicine can best be described as nonlinear and fractal physiology. These studies have been intended to develop more reliable methodologies for understanding how biological systems respond to peculiar altered conditions induced by internal stress, environment stress, and&#x002F;or disease. Herein, we summarize the theory and some of our results showing the fractal dependency on different conditions of physiological signals such as inter-breath intervals, heart inter-beat intervals, and human stride intervals. &copy; 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity 12: 12&ndash;17, 2007 This paper was submitted as an invited paper resulting from the &ldquo;Understanding Complex Systems&rdquo; conference held at the University of Illinois-Urbana Champaign, May 2005.
Locating a projector using the strength of beams reflected on a screen
Authors: Yukio Ishihara, Makio Ishihara
Venue: Proceedings of the eight Australasian conference on User interface - Volume 64 (2007)

In this paper, we propose a real-time calibration technique for a projector-camera system, which enables the system to locate the projector even while it is moving. Usually fiducial points are stuck on the screen and the camera tracks both the fiducial points and the quadrilateral illuminated by the projector. Then the projector is located by the tracking. Instead of the fiducial points, our real-time calibration technique uses the strength of the beams reflected on the screen. So, the projection area is not limited in size and position by fiducial points and also it can be extended over a wall as far as the reflected beams are observed. This advantage allows a user to turn the projector at any position on the screen to view the position-dependent image. We take the advantage to assemble a map viewer by connecting our projector-camera system to Google Earth, which enables a user to view the map by moving the projector.
Design Experiences with the Learning Objects Board System
Authors: Patricia Castanheira Dinis Duarte Silva, Alberto Rodrigues da Silva
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (2007)

Repositories of learning objects are increasingly becoming available on the Internet. The quality of the learning objects that they store as well as the mechanisms provided to easily find them for reusing are very important. Learning Objects Board (LOB), built around the "stock exchange metaphor, brings a new concept of Learning Objects Repositories pushing users motivation to produce good learning objects as well as increasing the cooperation between users either by submitting suggestions, comments or rating existing learning objects. To achieve such high level of motivation and interest some kind of healthy competition is promoted, assigning credits to users and setting a value cost for each learning object. This credit-based system allows the creation of users and learning objects rankings, and consequently permits reward those users that collaborate by creating LO or by adding valuable information to the existing LO, and increases the value of the most popular LO. This paper presents the major results from the design experiences that have been developed during the LOB implementation phase. Finally, the paper discusses some open issues and future work.
A Framework for Empirical Evaluation of Model Comprehensibility
Authors: Jorge Aranda, Neil Ernst, Jennifer Horkoff, Steve Easterbrook
Venue: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Modeling in Software Engineering (2007)

If designers of modelling languages want their creations to be used in real software projects, the communication qualities of their languages need to be evaluated, and their proposals must evolve as a result of these evaluations. A key quality of communication artifacts is their comprehensibility. We present a flexible framework to evaluate the comprehensibility of model representations that is grounded on the underlying theory of the language to be evaluated, and on theoretical frameworks in cognitive science.