ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
A Fuzzy Multi-attribute Decision Making Algorithm for Web Services Selection Based on QoS
Authors: Hongxia Tong, Shensheng Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Services Computing (2006)

One of the challenging problems that Web service technology faces is the ability to rapidly locate useful on-line services based on their capabilities. With the increasing popularity of Web services, a wide variety of services are offered that can satisfy the functional requirements of a special task, therefore there is need for mediation infrastructures able to support humans or agents in the eventual selection of appropriate services. To address this problem, a fuzzy multi-attribute decision making algorithm for Web services selection based on quality of service is proposed, which can select the most appropriate one with the highest degree of membership belonging to the positive ideal solution. The experimental results indicate that the fuzzy multi-attribute decision making algorithm proposed in this paper outperforms the random and round robin selection policies
Simulating transportation practices in multi-indenture multi-echelon (MIME) systems
Authors: Joshua B. McGee, Manuel D. Rossetti, Scott J. Mason
Venue: Proceedings of the 36th conference on Winter simulation (2004)

Military supply chains encompass a complicated network of customers and suppliers, and deal with a wide variety of items. Demand inside the network is generated at the unit level at a specific base. The demand from the bases is aggregated to military service depots, which comprise the wholesale level in the network. The many layers of the supply chain often result in unnecessary cost and delay times, as well as low network reliability. Better integration between the multiple levels of the supply chain may be achieved through the effective utilization of transportation modes and criterion. In this paper, we present a simulation for quantifying the effect of transportation options (i.e. truckload shipping, less-than-truckload shipping, transhipments, and express air shipping) on shipping costs and operational availability.
Worst Case Attack on Quantization Based Data Hiding
Authors: Ning Liu, K. P. Subbalakshmi
Venue: Proceedings of the Eighth IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia (2006)

Currently, most quantization based data hiding al- gorithms are built assuming specific distributions of at- tacks, such as additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN), uniform noise, and so on. In this paper, we prove that the worst case additive attack for quantization based data hiding is a 3-\deltafunction. We derive the expression for the probability of error (P_e) in terms of distortion compensation factor, \alpha, and the attack distribution. By maximizing P_e with respect to the attack distribution, we get the optimal placement of the 3-\delta function. We then experimentally verify that the 3-\delta function is in- deed the worst case attack for quantization based data hiding.
Detection of Acute Stress by Heart Rate Variability Using a Prototype Mobile ECG Sensor
Authors: Lizawati Salahuddin, Desok Kim
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 International Conference on Hybrid Information Technology - Volume 02 (2006)

Mental stress affects our body often detrimentally. Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis is commonly used as a quantitative marker depicting the activity of autonomic nervous system that may be related to mental stress. HRV features can be extracted by detecting QRS complexes from electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. A miniature ECG device can enable HRV features to be measured anytime and anywhere. We developed an ECG analysis software suitable for signals generated from a prototype mobile ECG sensor. Our analysis software was able to detect 99.3% of the QRS complexes correctly. HRV features were different by less than 3.0% when a well-validated heartbeat sensor was simultaneously used. Significant changes of HRV features were detected during Stroop color word test that induced acute stress. We showed a feasibility of using a mobile ECG sensor to detect subtle changes in HRV features that may enable stress monitoring and management in daily life.
Why Faces May Be Special: Evidence of the Inversion Effect in Chimpanzees
Authors: Lisa A. Parr, Tara Dove, William D. Hopkins
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (1998)

Five chimpanzees were tested on their ability to discriminate faces and automobiles presented in both their upright and inverted orientations. The face stimuli consisted of 30 black and white photographs, 10 each of unfamiliar chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), brown capuchins (Cebus apella), and humans (Homo sapiens). Ten black and white photographs of automobiles were also used. The stimuli were presented in a sequential matching-to-sample (SMTS) format using a computerized joystick-testing apparatus. Subjects performed better on upright than inverted stimuli in all classes. Performance was significantly better on upright than inverted presentations of chimpanzee and human faces but not on capuchin monkey faces or automobiles. These data support previous studies in humans that suggest the inversion effect occurs for stimuli for which subjects have developed an expertise. Alternative explanations for the inversion effect based on the type of spatial frequency contained in the stimuli are also discussed. These data are the first to provide evidence for the inversion effect using several classes of face stimuli in a great ape species.
Using discrete event simulation in the teaching of decision analysis
Authors: Ingolf Ståhl
Venue: Proceedings of the 37th conference on Winter simulation (2005)

In this paper we discuss how Discrete Event Simulation (DES) was used in a course on Decision Analysis (DA). Against the background of the characteristics of the students and the purpose of the course, we discuss various types of problems and methods that were found suitable to include in the course, in order to show the place of DES in DA. We present a number of simple GPSS programs that have been used in the course and proved effective in promoting the students' understanding of DA.
Where Memory Meets Attention: Neural Substrates of Negative Priming
Authors: Tobias Egner, Joy Hirsch
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2005)

The negative priming (NP) effect refers to the observed increase in identification time for a current target stimulus or stimulus feature (the "probe") that has been employed as a distractor stimulus or stimulus feature on the previous trial (the "prime"), representing strong evidence that ignored information is actively processed to a high level by selective attention systems. However, theoretical accounts of NP differ in whether they attribute the effect to processes of selective inhibition or episodic memory retrieval. Here we derived neurophysiological predictions from the rival "selective inhibition" and "episodic retrieval" models of NP, and employed event-related fMRI in a color-naming Stroop task to assess neural responses to probe trials that were subject to either no priming or negative priming. Compared to no-priming probe trials, NP resulted in increased activation of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, in a region which has been closely linked with episodic memory retrieval functions. NP was also accompanied by activation of the right thalamus, particularly the mediodorsal nucleus, which has been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, a condition associated with diminished NP effects. Our results support the proposal that ignored stimulus information is fully encoded in memory, and that episodic retrieval, not selective inhibition, of such information affects selective attention performance on subsequent trials.
The Use of Modern Online Techniques and Mechanisms in Market Research
Authors: Ching-Chih Wen, Chieh-Chih Wen
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Inteligence for Modelling Control and Automation and International Conference on Intelligent Agents Web Technologies and International Commerce (2006)

Online market research tools have become popular because of the growth of internet connections and technology improvements. Traditionally, researchers use telephone or facsimile machines to conduct surveys. However, a number of researchers use electronic mail (e-mail), discussion forum or a World Wide Web (WWW) site to collect data. Online survey may provide opportunities, for example, where specific or interesting groups of customers are involved and who return messages electronically (such as Skype or e-mail), researchers are able to collect messages and analyse data. Some researchers may use hypertext markup language (html) and JavaScript programs to develop survey forms and post to network servers and wait for participants to respond. The findings of this review may be used to develop a theoretical framework for further study.
Verification of Strict Integrity Policy via Petri Nets
Authors: Zhao-Li Zhang, Fan Hong, Hai-Jun Xiao
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Systems and Networks Communication (2006)

Strict Integrity Policy is one of important security policies. In this paper, based on Petri net and Biba Model, the Petri net-based definitions of Strict Integrity Policy are formally described in detail. The Petri net-based definitions and the coverability graph allow one to analyze and verify Strict Integrity Policy in Petri net model of a system. Subsequently, an example of the integrity policy is illustrated and the conclusions show that Petri net is not only a concise graphic analysis method, but also suited to formal verification. This verification approach can efficiently improve the integrity policies during the system security design and implementation.
A Product Engineering Approach to Software Development
Authors: Kesav V. Nori, N. Swaminathan
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th Conference on Software Engineering Education and Training Workshops (2006)

Software engineering currently takes an activity-oriented view of development. Our approach to achieving qualities is rooted in process engineering: identifying and performing a set of requirements, design and construction activities, with testing to inspect if the desired product has been obtained, and relying on process optimization over time to help us in defining the right set of activities. In contrast, design in other engineering disciplines is centered on product engineering, systematically engineering in desired qualities through successive stages of development. Process engineering is then applied to this conceptually sound fundamental structure to optimize process performance parameters. This paper asserts that software development can and should be grounded in product engineering, and presents a conceptual model that enables a systematic approach to achieving qualities. Key enablers for this are a clear separation of quality concerns and the use of analysis to validate designs. Analysis techniques for software qualities have been available for many years, yet they are not viewed as basic knowledge in Computer Science and Software Engineering curricula. We argue that to put software engineering education on a firm footing, it is necessary to shift our conceptual basis for software development from process engineering to product engineering.
Mobile Agent's Host Security with Access Control
Authors: Tauseef Ahmad Rana
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Inteligence for Modelling Control and Automation and International Conference on Intelligent Agents Web Technologies and International Commerce (2006)

Mobile agents system has attracted the attention of software technology vendors over the last one decade. Many organizations and universities are dedicating a lot of resources on the multi mobile agent's system design, frameworks and security issues. The focus of this paper is towards the security of mobile agents host environment from the mobile agent by allowing a restricted access to the resources. Different access control options have been proposed and on those proposed techniques, few modules with brief roles are suggested at architectural level.
Detecting Changes in Grey Level Sequences by ML Isotonic Regression
Authors: Alessandro Lanza, Luigi Di Stefano
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Video and Signal Based Surveillance (2006)

We present a robust and efficient change detection algorithm for grey-level sequences. A deep investigation of the effects of disturbance factors (illumination changes and automatic or manual adjustments of the camera transfer function, such as AGC, AE and \gamma-correction) on image brightness allows to assume locally an order-preservation of pixel intensities. By a simple statistical modelling of camera noise, an ML isotonic regression procedure can thus be applied to perform change detection. Although the proposed approach may be used as a stand-alone pixel-level change detector, here we apply it to reduced-resolution images. In fact, we aim at using the algorithm as the coarse-level of a coarse-to-fine change detector we presented in [2].
An efficient approach to mining indirect associations
Authors: Qian Wan, Aijun An
Venue: Journal of Intelligent Information Systems (2006)

Discovering association rules is one of the important tasks in data mining. While most of the existing algorithms are developed for efficient mining of frequent patterns, it has been noted recently that some of the infrequent patterns, such as indirect associations, provide useful insight into the data. In this paper, we propose an efficient algorithm, called HI-mine, based on a new data structure, called HI-struct, for mining the complete set of indirect associations between items. Our experimental results show that HI-mine's performance is significantly better than that of the previously developed algorithm for mining indirect associations on both synthetic and real world data sets over practical ranges of support specifications.
Joint optimization of radio parameters: a top-down approach
Authors: Benno Zerlin, Michel T. Ivrlač, Wolfgang Utschick, Josef A. Nossek
Venue: Signal Processing (2006)

We consider the optimization of physical layer (PHY) and medium access control (MAC) layer radio parameters in a third generation multi-user mobile communication system like high speed downlink packet access (HSDPA). Following the need for efficient QoS compliant services the problem is formulated as a minimization of the average transmit power subject to constraints on the resulting quality of service, i.e. data throughput and delay. To this end we present analytical models for all regarded sublayers, i.e. spread spectrum signal processing, forward error correction coding, protocols and the MAC scheduling. We demonstrate how the resulting mapping from transmit powers to QoS parameters depends upon the regarded optimization parameters and how it can be inverted through a fast converging iterative computation of the systems outage probability and the offline inversion of an equivalent channel independent single-user problem. The obtained solution gives means to answer a service request with minimum resources. Numerical evaluations quantify the large potential power savings in a cellular setting with random traffic and demonstrate that the optimization of radio parameters has significant influence on the system capacity through the limited resource transmit power. An optimum mode selection as presented in this work thus allows for drastic load gains in HSDPA settings.
An Event-Driven Adaptive Differentiated Service Web Container Architecture
Authors: Yang Li, Ningjiang Chen, Tao Huang
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Quality Software (2006)

Web container conforming to J2EE specification is adopted by more and more web servers to provide dynamic content services for internet-based applications. Web applications with complex business require web container to provide differentiated services for requests from different clients according to role or payment etc. However, most traditional web containers still adopt the best-effort service mode. Some approaches such as admission control and priority scheduling have been provided to do with the problem, but they do not solve the problem completely for lack of the considerations in the architecture. This paper brings forward an event-driven adaptive differentiated service web container architecture named EADWA. In EADWA, requests from clients are encapsulated into request events which connect a group of self-management units (SMU) to compose request process flow that is called SMU chain. EADWA provides both SMU-based and SMU chain-based differentiated services for requests from different clients according to SLA (Service Level Agreement) defined by application developer. In addition, SMU-based differentiated services can select proper differentiated service strategies adaptively. The experiments on prototype show the effect of EADWA.
Containment of Partially Specified Tree-Pattern Queries
Authors: Dimitri Theodoratos, Theodore Dalamagas, Pawel Placek, Stefanos Souldatos, Timos Sellis
Venue: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management (2006)

Nowadays, huge volumes of data, including scientific data, are organized or exported in tree-structured form. Querying capabilities are provided through tree-pattern queries. The need for integrating multiple data sources with different tree structures has driven, recently, the suggestion of query languages that relax the complete specification of a tree pattern. In this paper we adopt a query language with partially specified tree-pattern queries. A central feature of this type of queries is that the structure can be specified fully, partially, or not at all in a query. Important issues in query optimization require solving the query containment problem. We study the containment problem for partially specified tree-pattern queries. To support the evaluation of such queries, we use semantically rich constructs, called dimension graphs, which abstract structural information of the tree-structured data. We address the problem of query containment in the absence (absolute query containment) and in the presence (relative query containment) of dimension graphs, and we provide necessary and sufficient conditions for each type of query containment. We suggest a technique for relative query containment checking based on structural information extracted in advance from the dimension graph. Our approach is implemented and validated through extensive experimental evaluation.
Naughty Agents Can Be Helpful: Training Drivers to Handle Dangerous Situations in Virtual Reality
Authors: Yongwu Miao, Ulrich Hoppe, Niels Pinkwart
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (2006)

Recently many car driving simulators have been developed and used for educational purposes. They can provide special training opportunities that are not available frequently in reality. However, currently existing simulators often rely on predefined situations and scenarios. Training students to deal with spontaneously occurring dangerous traffic situations is difficult when using hard wired "emergency" situations that occur in a predictable manner. In this paper we present a new approach to provide special learning opportunities. We adopt intelligent agent technologies to develop the "problem creator", a pedagogical agent who can deliberately cause dangerous situations. Introducing the problem creator into our collaborative 3D virtual car driving environment makes it unpredictable when, where, and what type of abnormal situations the students will be confronted with. These irregularly occurring challenges model the reality of car driving well.
Integrating and Querying P2P Deductive Databases
Authors: Luciano Caroprese, Cristian Molinaro, Ester Zumpano
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th International Database Engineering and Applications Symposium (2006)

The paper proposes a logic framework for modeling the interaction among deductive databases and computing consistent answers to logic queries in a P2P environment. As usual, data are exchanged among peers by using logical rules, called mapping rules. The novelty of our approach is that only data not violating integrity constraints are exchanged. The (declarative) semantics of a P2P system is defined in terms of weak models. Under this semantics only facts not making the local databases inconsistent can be imported, and the preferred weak models are the consistent scenarios in which peers import maximal sets of facts not violating integrity constraints. A characterization of the preferred weak model semantics, allowing to model a P2P system with a prioritized logic program, is provided. The proposed framework is then extended in order to also take into account P2P system in which each peer may be locally inconsistent, i.e. its data does not satisfy some of its constraints. Finally, the complexity of P2P logic queries is investigated.
Simulating Plasma Microwave Diagnostics
Authors: J. S. Shang
Venue: Journal of Scientific Computing (2006)

Computational simulation of plasma diagnostics via microwave absorption has been successfully accomplished. This simulation capability is developed from solutions to a combination of the three-dimensional Maxwell equations and the generalized Ohm's law in the time domain. As the simulation procedure developed, numerical results were obtained for a range of plasma transport properties including electrical conductivity, permittivity, and plasma frequency. The present results reveal the wave reflection at the media interface and substantial distortion of the electromagnetic field within a thin plasma sheet from a guided microwave. The present numerical simulation also accurately predicts the microwave blackout phenomenon as the wave propagates through a thick plasma sheet. The diffractions and refractions occurring at antenna apertures and passing through a plasma column are captured numerically. Finally, the numerical simulation has successfully duplicated a plasma diagnostic experiment in a hypersonic magneto-hydrodynamic channel.
Pattern-Based End-User Development with Learning Objects
Authors: Roderick A. Farmer, Baden Hughes
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (2006)

Previous research in Learning Object design has focused on automatic component selection and aggregation based on derived metadata relationships. However, research has yet to examine how end-user developers subsequently visualise and integrate such relationships during system design and use. In this paper we describe an approach and architecture for pattern-based design in End-User Development contexts using LO metadata. We discuss how existing approaches and techniques from machine learning can be integrated within our architecture to provide localised and distributed adaptation to EUD practices.
Null-Model Validation of MLP Input Contribution Analysis in Ecology
Authors: Michael J. Watts, S. P. Worner
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Hybrid Intelligent Systems (2006)

A method is presented for applying a null-model analysis to the verification of the significance of the input neurons of Multi-Layer Perceptrons (MLP). This method was applied to a problem from ecology, namely the establishment of invasive insect pest species. Previous work has described how the MLP were trained to predict species establishment from climate data, and to identify which climatic factors are significant. The null-model analysis method described here was used to validate these predictions.