ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Type safe dynamic object delegation in class-based languages
Authors: Lorenzo Bettini, Viviana Bono
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th international symposium on Principles and practice of programming in Java (2008)

Class inheritance and method overriding, as provided by standard class-based languages, are not flexible enough to represent the dynamic behavior of objects; with this respect, object composition and delegation are often advocated as a more flexible alternative to class inheritance since they act at run-time, thus permitting the behavior of objects to be specialized dynamically. In this paper we present Incomplete Featherweight Java (IFJ), an extension of Featherweight Java with incomplete objects, i.e., objects that require some missing methods which can be provided at run-time by composition with another (complete) object. The mechanism for method invocation is based on delegation and it is disciplined by static typing, therefore the language enjoys type safety (which implies no "message-not-understood" run-time errors) and avoids possible accidental overrides due to method clashes.
A New Hybrid Optimization Algorithm Framework to Solve Constrained Optimization Problem
Authors: Huang Zhangcan, Cheng Hao
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Computational Science, Part IV: ICCS 2007 (2007)

Evolutionary Computation made great success from the theory of natural selection devised by Charles Darwin. It was a process of randomly searching but not emphasizing each individuals respective functions. This paper proposed a hybrid optimization algorithm framework trying to incorporate natural selection and survival of the fittest and birds of a feather flock together. Aiming at balancing search results and search speed, we adopted the search strategy to classify the individuals by their fitness. Individuals classification differentiated respective function in search process, thats the excellent individuals mine the local optimal solution and others explore the search domain to find new local optimal solution. Experimental findings support the theoretical basis of the proposed framework.
An Empathic Rational Dialog Agent
Authors: Magalie Ochs, Catherine Pelachaud, David Sadek
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction (2007)

Recent research has shown that virtual agent able to express empathic emotions enhances human-machine interaction. In this paper, we present the capabilities that virtual agent should have to be empathic toward a user. Moreover, we propose a computational representation of emotions which may be experienced by a user during a human-machine dialog. This semantically grounded formal representation enables a rational dialog agent to identify from a dialogical situation the empathic emotion and its intensity that he should express.
Recovery of Surface Normals and Reflectance from Different Lighting Conditions
Authors: Carme Julià, Angel D. Sappa, Felipe Lumbreras, Joan Serrat, Antonio López
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Image Analysis and Recognition (2008)

This paper presents a method for finding the surface normals and reflectance of an object from a set of images obtained under different lighting conditions. This set of images, assuming a Lambertian object, can be approximated by a three dimensional linear subspace, under an orthographic camera model and without shadows and specularities. However, a higher dimensional subspace is needed when images present pixels in shadow, specularities or ambient illumination. This paper proposes on the one hand to consider pixels in shadow and specularities as missing data; and on the other hand a rank-four formulation to recover the ambient illumination. An adaptation of the Alternation technique is introduced to compute the sought surface normals and light-source matrices. Experimental results show the good performance of the proposed Alternation-based strategy.
The Stream Cipher Edon80
Authors: Danilo Gligoroski, Smile Markovski, Svein Johan Knapskog
Venue: New Stream Cipher Designs: The eSTREAM Finalists (2008)

Edon80 is a hardware binary additive synchronous stream cipher. It's properties are: 1.) The internal structure is highly pipelined; 2.) It is highly parallelizable, making it scalable from the speed of processing point of view; 3.) Its design principles offer possibilities to achieve significant speed asymmetry -- it belongs to a family of stream ciphers that in hardware can have a constant speed of one bit per clock cycle, but in software implementation on popular modern CPUs can be made as slow as needed. Since its first description in 2005, it has been analyzed by several cryptographers, have been implemented in a more compact way and a MAC functionality have been added. We give a full description of Edon80 including latest developments and updates.
Office Diva
Authors: Dave Pape, Josephine Anstey
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Digital Interactive Media in Entertainment and Arts (2008)

Office Diva is a simulation of a monstrous ego; whining and writhing as she obsesses over her life. We see her as a fiery homunculus or dripping rain cloud barely holding together. We hear her stream-of-consciousness rant, and it becomes clear that this is a disturbed mind trapped by its own solipsistic and unreal processing of daily events.
A framework for the integration of information security and assurance within information systems curricula
Authors: David H. Olsen
Venue:  (2007)

The purpose of this dissertation was to develop a framework for integrating information security and assurance content into information systems curriculum. A mixed-methods research design was used to determine the knowledge and skills needed by information security and assurance professionals. This research consisted of two national web-based surveys to determine the needed knowledge and skills for information security, as well as the importance of professional certifications, and to determine what is being taught in information security courses. The surveys were followed by 14 phone-based semi-structured interviews with national leaders in information security and assurance. The research data were analyzed using qualitative means. The triangulation of the survey data and interview data resulted in a detailed list of key knowledge and skills needed by information security and assurance professionals, and a ranking of IT security certifications. The research also determined the source of changes in the IS security' function from the interview data. The implications of the changes to the field and the list of needed skills and abilities were used to analyze the model curricula in computing-related disciplines. A framework was then presented that incorporates the results of this research into the IS 2002 Model Curriculum for Information Systems.
Real-Observation Quantum-Inspired Evolutionary Algorithm for a Class of Numerical Optimization Problems
Authors: Gexiang Zhang, Haina Rong
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Computational Science, Part IV: ICCS 2007 (2007)

This paper proposes a real-observation quantum-inspired evolutionary algorithm (RQEA) to solve a class of globally numerical optimization problems with continuous variables. By introducing a real observation and an evolutionary strategy, suitable for real optimization problems, based on the concept of Q-bit phase, RQEA uses a Q-gate to drive the individuals toward better solutions and eventually toward a single state corresponding to a real number varying between 0 and 1. Experimental results show that RQEA is able to find optimal or close-to-optimal solutions, and is more powerful than conventional real-coded genetic algorithm in terms of fitness, convergence and robustness.
Topological Properties of Concept Spaces
Authors: Matthew Brecht, Akihiro Yamamoto
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th international conference on Algorithmic Learning Theory (2008)

Based on the observation that the category of concept spaces with the positive information topology is equivalent to the category of countably based T 0 topological spaces, we investigate further connections between the learning in the limit model of inductive inference and topology. In particular, we show that the "texts" or "positive presentations" of concepts in inductive inference can be viewed as special cases of the "admissible representations" of computable analysis. We also show that several structural properties of concept spaces have well known topological equivalents. In addition to topological methods, we use algebraic closure operators to analyze the structure of concept spaces, and we show the connection between these two approaches. The goal of this paper is not only to introduce new perspectives to learning theorists, but also to present the field of inductive inference in a way more accessible to domain theorists and topologists.
Maximizing Business Information Security's Educational Value
Authors: Michael Russell Grimaila
Venue: IEEE Security and Privacy (2004)

This department describes my experiences in developing a business information security course that provides students the knowledge and experience to succeed in today's competitive information-intensive corporate environment.
The Acoustic Event Detector of AIT
Authors: C. Boukis, L. C. Polymenakos
Venue: Multimodal Technologies for Perception of Humans: International Evaluation Workshops CLEAR 2007 and RT 2007, Baltimore, MD, USA, May 8-11, 2007, Revised Selected Papers (2008)

In this paper the acoustic event detection and classification system that has been developed at Athens Information Technology is presented. This system relies on the use of several Hidden Markov Models arranged in a hierarchical manner in order to provide more accurate detections. The audio streams are split into overlapping frames from which the necessary for training and testing features are obtained. A post processing scheme has also been developed in order to smooth the raw detections. The results that were obtained from the application of this system on the testing data of the CLEAR evaluation, obtained from five different sites are presented and the performance of this system is discussed.
Estimating Variance Under Interval and Fuzzy Uncertainty: Case of Hierarchical Estimation
Authors: Gang Xiang, Vladik Kreinovich
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th international Fuzzy Systems Association world congress on Foundations of Fuzzy Logic and Soft Computing (2007)

Computing statistics is important. Traditional data processing in science and engineering starts with computing the basic statistical characteristics such as the population mean and population variance: $$E=\displaystyle\frac{1}{n}\cdot \sum\limits_{i=1}^n x_i\ \ V=\displaystyle\frac{1}{n}\cdot \sum\limits_{i=1}^n (x_i-E)^2.$$
Visual Reverse Engineering of Binary and Data Files
Authors: Gregory Conti, Erik Dean, Matthew Sinda, Benjamin Sangster
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th international workshop on Visualization for Computer Security (2008)

The analysis of computer files poses a difficult problem for security researchers seeking to detect and analyze malicious content, software developers stress testing file formats for their products, and for other researchers seeking to understand the behavior and structure of undocumented file formats. Traditional tools, including hex editors, disassemblers and debuggers, while powerful, constrain analysis to primarily text based approaches. In this paper, we present design principles for file analysis which support meaningful investigation when there is little or no knowledge of the underlying file format, but are flexible enough to allow integration of additional semantic information, when available. We also present results from the implementation of a visual reverse engineering system based on our analysis. We validate the efficacy of both our analysis and our system with case studies depicting analysis use cases where a hex editor would be of limited value. Our results indicate that visual approaches help analysts rapidly identify files, analyze unfamiliar file structures, and gain insights that inform and complement the current suite of tools currently in use.
Prototypes Based Relational Learning
Authors: Rocío García-Durán, Fernando Fernández, Daniel Borrajo
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Artificial Intelligence: Methodology, Systems, and Applications (2008)

Relational instance-based learning (RIBL) algorithms offer high prediction capabilities. However, they do not scale up well, specially in domains where there is a time bound for classification. Nearest prototype approaches can alleviate this problem, by summarizing the data set in a reduced set of prototypes. In this paper we present an algorithm to build Relational Nearest Prototype Classifiers (rnpc). When compared with RIBL approaches, the algorithm is able to dramatically reduce the number of instances by selecting the most relevant prototypes, maintaining similar accuracy. The number of prototypes is obtained automatically by the algorithm, although it can be also bounded by the user. Empirical results on benchmark data sets demonstrate the utility of this approach compared to other instance based approaches.
Cross-language perception in foreign name transcription
Authors: Elizabeth C. Zsiga
Venue:  (2007)

This dissertation examines cross-language phonetic similarity and perception, empirically demonstrating a link between transcription patterns and cross-language perception. The experimental methodology provides a technique for developing cross-language phonetic similarity models for use in computational applications such as multicultural name matching. It also represents a powerful tool for exploratory theoretical research, allowing holistic examination of the range of phonological phenomena that contribute to the perception of similarity. In a web-based experiment, one hundred monolingual, native speakers of American English transcribed names and nonsense words recorded by native speakers of Jordanian Arabic, Hindi, Mandarin Chinese and Thai. Subjects were asked to spell the Foreign names as they heard them, but were given no specific constraints or information regarding the languages and segments under examination, in order to avoid biasing their responses. To establish the link between orthography and perception, subject responses were compared with phoneme-to-grapheme alignments from monolingual English lexicons. Subject spellings corresponded to the highest frequency spellings observed in the lexical data, which consist approximately of the characters of the alphabet and a small number of digraphs, including {'CH', 'PH', 'SH', 'TH', 'WH'}. Based on the grapheme-phoneme correlations, nasal, plosive and fricative consonants in word-initial position were analyzed. The results are consistent with findings previously documented in the cross-language perception literature and also reveal interesting patterns of perceptual salience vis-&agrave;-vis primary versus secondary features. The analysis is presented in terms of native language perceptual magnets following Kuhl (2004) and Kuhl and Iverson (1995), and empirically demonstrates their relevance to cross-language perception. The data reveals the need to incorporate linguistic information ranging from features to phonotactics in the development of cross-language similarity models.
Extending BPELlight for Expressing Multi-Partner Message Exchange Patterns
Authors: Joerg Nitzsche, Tammo van Lessen, Frank Leymann
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 12th International IEEE Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference (2008)

Message exchange patterns provide means to define the message flow of a service and how these messages are related in an abstract and reusable manner. They are an integral part of WSDL 2.0 and allow defining operations that have a message exchange beyond request response.They reduce the impedance mismatch between imperative programming and message orientation while emphasizing the message orientated nature of Web Services. Whereas BPEL defines a flow between Web Service operations, BPELlight is an appropriate candidate to define the flow within operations since it abstracts from WSDL. In this paper we extended BPELlight to facilitate capturing complex multi-lateral message exchanges. We refine the partner model and relax the definition of a conversation to enable modelling conversations that involve different partner types. We also extend the language with a first-class construct that enables storing, querying and thus distinguishing addressing information related to multiple partner instances. This way we enable modelling message exchange patterns that capture business logic in a reusable manner on an abstract level like for instance a request for bid scenario or a business transaction for purchase.
On the Initialization of Two-Stage Clustering with Class-GTM
Authors: Raúl Cruz-Barbosa, Alfredo Vellido
Venue: Current Topics in Artificial Intelligence: 12th Conference of the Spanish Association for Artificial Intelligence, CAEPIA 2007, Salamanca, Spain, November 12-16, 2007. Selected Papers (2007)

Generative Topographic Mapping is a probabilistic model for data clustering and visualization. It maps points, considered as prototype representatives of data clusters, from a low dimensional latent space onto the observed data space. In semi-supervised settings, class information can be added resulting in a model variation called class-GTM. The number of class-GTM latent points used is usually large for visualization purposes and does not necessarily reflect the class structure of the data. It is therefore convenient to group the clusters further in a two-stage procedure. In this paper, class-GTM is first used to obtain the basic cluster prototypes. Two novel methods are proposed to use this information as prior knowledge for the K-means-based second stage. We evaluate, using an entropy measure, whether these methods retain the class separability capabilities of class-GTM in the two-stage process, and whether the two-stage procedure improves on the direct clustering of the data using K-means.
Disciplinary-Pedagogical Teacher Preparation for Pre-service Computer Science Teachers: Rational and Implementation
Authors: Noa Ragonis, Orit Hazzan
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Informatics in Secondary Schools - Evolution and Perspectives: Informatics Education - Supporting Computational Thinking (2008)

This paper presents a case study of an academic course for pre-service computer science teachers that focus on teaching the discipline. The paper specifies and explains the rationale behind the development of the course and its explicit objectives. Achievement of the objectives is explained by describing the subject and content of the lessons, the types of activities integrated into the lessons and the tasks required of the students. All those engaged in teaching computer science: developers of curricula, lecturers in teacher training programs, and lecturers involved in the professional development of computer science teachers, can intend the course model for use.
Guaranteeing the Correctness of an Adaptive Tutoring System
Authors: Pilar Prieto-Linillos, Sergio Gutiérrez, Abelardo Pardo, Carlos Delgado Kloos
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Adaptive Hypermedia and Adaptive Web-Based Systems (2008)

This paper presents an approach to create adaptive web-based educative systems that can be automatically audited by means of standard web testing tools. The auditing tool takes the role of a learner interacting with the system, checking that no errors are present. The tool can communicate with the exercises to know the correct answers to them; a configurable ratio of correct to incorrect answers allows the tool to behave as a range of different students. More complex checking techniques will be tested in the future using this architecture.
Evaluation of a psycholinguistically motivated timing model for animations of american sign language
Authors: Matt Huenerfauth
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility (2008)

Using results in the psycholinguistics literature on the speed and timing of American Sign Language (ASL), we built algorithms to calculate the time-duration of signs and the location/length of pauses during an ASL animation. We conducted a study in which native ASL signers evaluated the ASL animations processed by our algorithms, and we found that: (1) adding linguistically motivated pauses and variations in sign-durations improved signers' performance on a comprehension task and (2) these animations were rated as more understandable by ASL signers.
A Scalable Architecture for Cross-Modal Semantic Annotation and Retrieval
Authors: Manuel Möller, Michael Sintek
Venue: Proceedings of the 31st annual German conference on Advances in Artificial Intelligence (2008)

Even within constrained domains like medicine there are no truly generic methods for automatic image parsing and annotation. Despite the fact that the precision and sophistication of image understanding methods have improved to cope with the increasing amount and complexity of the data, the improvements have not resulted in more flexible or generic image understanding techniques. Instead, the analysis methods are object specific and modality dependent. Consequently, current image search techniques are still dependent on the manual and subjective association of keywords to images for retrieval. Manually annotating the vast numbers of images which are generated and archived in the medical practice is not an option.
Region-Based Segmentation with Ambiguous Color Classes and 2-D Motion Compensation
Authors: Thomas Röfer
Venue: RoboCup 2007: Robot Soccer World Cup XI (2008)

This paper presents a new approach for color segmentation, in which colors are not only mapped to unambiguous but also to ambiguous color classes. The ambiguous color classes are resolved based on their unambiguous neighbors in the image. In contrast to other approaches, the neighborhood is determined on the level of regions, not on the level of pixels. Thereby, large regions with ambiguous color classes can be resolved. The method is fast enough to run on a Sony AIBO in real time (30 Hz), leaving enough resources for the other tasks that have to be performed to play soccer. In addition, the paper discusses the problem of motion compensation, i.e. reversing the effects of a rolling shutter on the images taken by a moving camera.