ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Principal influence: sustaining a vision for powerful new forms of learning using technology
Authors: James William Bridges
Venue:  (2003)

The purpose of this study was to investigate how principals develop and sustain a shared vision for technology that creates and supports powerful new forms of learning. Subsumed under this question were the underlying questions: what are the actions and beliefs of principals who are identified as instructional leaders in technology, what are the perceptions of teachers regarding the principal's role in technology leadership, and how does the technology plan articulate and lay the framework for the technology vision at the site. Thirty San Diego County middle schools contributed data for the study. Three individual schools were selected as the unit of analysis. The research questions were investigated by employing the use of interviews with principals of schools that met a stringent set of criteria for technology integration. It was also important to ascertain the teachers' perspective on the change effort to see if they saw the principals' role the same way. This perspective was researched by using a combination of document analysis and teacher focus groups. Findings identified that principals must (1) hold high expectations; (2) foster teacher buy-in; and (3) be resourceful in providing technology resources. In addition to these key findings, principals must expect technology to be used, model expectations, evaluate teachers on their technology integration, value teachers' expertise, include everyone in the visioning process, support risk taking, provide adequate technology resources, and provide teachers adequate time for planning and practice. The results of the study, coupled with the recommendations, will be used to plan a 30-hour institute to fulfill one of the five training components required by California Assembly Bill 75. This training component focuses on developing principals' abilities to integrate technology to improve student performance. Second, the findings will be presented at the annual National Education Computing Conference. Finally, an article will be written for publication in journals such as ASCD's Educational Leadership.
Combined air and rivulet flow and application to fuel cells
Authors: M. H. X. Liang, B. Wetton, T. G. Myers
Venue: Proceedings of the international conference on Computational methods in sciences and engineering (2003)

A steady-state, two-dimensional rivulet flow is introduced to model the two phase flow of air and water in a circular pipe. Gravity is ignored to simplify the analysis. Two kinds of rivulet geometry are introduced. One is the annulus rivulet, and the other is the circular arc rivulet. The relationship between pressure gradient and water flux is studied in both cases while holding flux of air constant. Specifically, two kinds of problems are defined for the circular arc rivulet: the inverse problem, which consists in calculating the size of the rivulet and pressure gradient needed to drive the flow for specified air and water fluxes, and the direct problem, which consists in calculating the size of the rivulet and velocities of fluids for given pressure gradient. Computations are done using FEMLAB.
Source Coding With Distortion Side Information At The Encoder
Authors: Emin Martinian, Gregory W. Wornell, Ram Zamir
Venue: Proceedings of the Conference on Data Compression (2004)

We consider lossy source coding when side information affecting the distortion measure may be available at the encoder, decoder, both, or neither. For example, such distortionside information can model reliabilities for noisy measurements, sensor calibration information,or perceptual effects like masking and sensitivity to context. When the distortion side information is statistically independent of the source, we show that in many cases (e.g., for additive ormultiplicative distortion side information) there is no penalty for knowing the side informationonly at the encoder, and there is no advantage to knowing it at the decoder. Furthermore,for quadratic distortion measures scaled by the distortion side information, we evaluate thepenalty for lack of encoder knowledge and show that it can be arbitrarily large. In this scenario,we also sketch transform based quantizers constructions which efficiently exploit encoder sideinformation in the high-resolution limit.
Curriculum-focused design
Authors: Jennifer A. Rode, Mark Stringer, Eleanor F. Toye, Amanda R. Simpson, Alan F. Blackwell
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 conference on Interaction design and children (2003)

In this paper we describe a technique of Curriculum-Focused Design, and the aspects of our research experience on which the technique is based. Our technique is a variant of Druin's Cooperative Inquiry. Cooperative Inquiry is a well-developed design practice for children, but it has been practised largely outside the classroom. Druin's technique has also been developed in American schools, which have greater curriculum flexibility than English schools, which are highly curriculum-focused. We studied the English curriculum and identified an area that we believed could fruitfully be augmented by technology. Our design approach was novel insofar as our evaluation sessions doubled as lessons for students. Our interdisciplinary design team, including a former teacher with over 10 years' classroom experience, evaluated the interface in a classroom setting, providing strong environmental validity to the design process.
Experiences with IDEs and Java teaching: what works and what doesn't
Authors: Keitha A. Murray, Jesse M. Heines, Michael Kölling, Tom Moore, Paul J. Wagner, Nan C. Schaller, John A. Trono
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th annual conference on Innovation and technology in computer science education (2003)

The environment chosen to teach Java can have a profound effect on students' abilities to learn the language. Panelists will report on their experiences using different Java Interactive Development Environments (IDEs) to teach Java and what they identify as the strengthens and weaknesses of each IDE. Each panelist will discuss the most important features of the IDEs and related teaching pedagogies to address "what works and what doesn't" when teaching Java.
Controlled Processes: Methods of Investigation and Applications
Authors: V. M. Kuntsevich, A. A. Chikrii
Venue: Cybernetics and Systems Analysis (2003)

This paper is a review of results of control theory and the theory of dynamic games over the period of existence of the Cybernetics Institute. Basic results that are widely applied and directions that underlie further investigations are emphasized.
Information extraction from Medline
Authors: Mark Craven
Venue: ACM SIGBIO Newsletter (1998)

The goal of our project is to develop methods for extracting information from on-line, scientific text Sources (such as Medline), and mapping this information into a structured format (i.e. a knowledge base) so that it can be used for query answering and problem solving. We are developing novel machine-learning methods for inducing such information-extraction routines from training data. The first application of our technology is being used to support genomics research in the field of gastroenterology.
Managing and Reproducing Colour Images (MARCI)
Authors: John D. McFall
Venue: Proceedings of the 1993 conference of the Centre for Advanced Studies on Collaborative research: distributed computing - Volume 2 (1993)

The emergence of colour fax machines, colour digital copiers and digital electronic still photographic cameras has accustomed people in many businesses to consider the usage of colour in a wide variety of applications. For all the advances in the technologies of document scanners, monitors and printers, there remain fundamental differences in how various devices create, manipulate and reproduce colour. The IBM PRGS Toronto Laboratory CAS project Managing and Reproducing Colour Images (MARCI) addresses the problems of controlling colour throughout a network of diverse input and output devices. This paper describes the goals and objectives of the project, the MARCI system and software application, and gives the status of the relevant component technologies as developed in the system. Issues facing MARCI are described, as are future directions for development of the system.
Efficient self-organization of large wireless sensor networks
Authors: Rajesh Krishnan
Venue:  (2004)

Wireless sensor (and actuator) networks have critical applications in industrial, scientific, medical, and military domains. Envisioned applications require large networks consisting of hundreds, thousands, or even millions of inexpensive wireless sensor nodes with bandwidth and energy constraints. Distributed self-organization, which involves network decomposition into connected clusters, is a fundamental problem in this environment. In this dissertation, we address three challenges in the self-organization of wireless sensor networks: (i) message efficiency, which is critical in the bandwidth and energy constrained sensor network environment, (ii) bounding cluster size, which has a significant impact on routing efficiency and overall network performance, and (iii) design of timers for clustering, in order to control the size and number of clusters produced. We first present a novel approach for message-efficient clustering, in which nodes allocate local growth budgets to neighbors. We introduce two algorithms that make use of this approach. Unlike the earlier and commonly used expanding ring approach, our algorithms do not involve the initiator in each round, and do not violate the specified maximum cluster size at any time. We derive analytical performance bounds of our algorithms and also provide performance results from simulations. The algorithms produce clusters of bounded size and low diameter, using significantly fewer messages than the expanding ring approach. Next, we present a new methodology for designing initiator timers. This methodology provides a probabilistic guarantee that initiators will not interfere with each other. We derive an upper bound on the expected time for network decomposition using this methodology. This bound is logarithmic in the number of nodes in the network. We also present a variant that optimistically allows more concurrency among initiators, significantly reduces the network decomposition time, and most importantly does not require knowledge of the network topology. However, it produces slightly more clusters than the first method. Extensive simulations over different topologies confirm the analytical results and demonstrate that our proposed methodology scales to large networks. This work can be applied to achieve rapid and efficient self-organization of large wireless sensor networks and can also be used in other applications that require distributed algorithms for bounded size clustering.
Mobility-assisted resolution of queries in large-scale mobile sensor networks (MARQ)
Authors: Ahmed Helmy
Venue: Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking (2003)

One of the most crucial aspects of the design of sensor networks is provisioning of efficient query resolution and resource discovery. In many cases sensor networks are expected to be large-scale, and in some cases these sensors may be installed on moving objects, rendering the query resolution problem even more challenging. Flooding techniques, including global flooding or expanding ring search techniques, may be very inefficient in large-scale networks, especially in wireless (spatial) networks where the diameter of the network tends to be quite high. More so is the case when queries are one-shot and frequent.In this study, a novel architecture is presented for query resolution in large-scale mobile sensor networks. A salient feature of our architecture is that it takes advantage of mobility to increase the efficiency of query resolution. The architecture borrows from the concept of small worlds and introduces the concept of contacts that act as short cuts to reduce the degrees of separation between the sources of the query and the targeted objects. Contacts are initially chosen from nearby neighbors, as they move away they discover new neighbors and hence become more effective in query resolution. Unlike conventional approaches for routing protocols, our primary design goal is not to optimize routes or response delays, but to reduce communication overhead. This is particularly important in energy-constraint environments, as are many sensor networks, particularly for one-shot queries, where the communication is short lived. We design our protocols to be scalable, self-configuring, and highly adaptive to mobility. In fact, it utilizes mobility.We evaluate our protocols through extensive simulations and present a detailed analysis of its performance. We further compare our approach to other query resolution protocols. Our results clearly indicate the drastic improvement obtained by using contacts, especially in high mobility scenarios. For non-replicated objects, we obtain 60-70% improvement over zone routing approaches, 80-90% improvement in communication overhead over flooding, and even greater improvements over expanding ring search approaches. Our protocols respond extremely well to replication, as the number of transmitted packets per query drops significantly.
Application of the Technology Acceptance Model to a Knowledge Management System
Authors: William Money, Arch Turner
Venue: Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 37th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'04) - Track 8 - Volume 8 (2004)

This research investigates the applicability of Davis' Technology Acceptance Model to useracceptance of a knowledge management information system. It addresses two important questions: "Does the Technology Acceptance Model explain user acceptance and usage of an information system implemented to support knowledge management objectives?" "Can previous Technology Acceptance Model user acceptance research serve as a basis forinvestigation of user acceptance of knowledge management information technology systems?"This study provides preliminary evidence that previous information technology acceptance research based on the Technology Acceptance Model, may serve as a foundation for research of knowledge management system user acceptance. Relationships among primary TAM constructs are in substantive agreement with those characteristic of previous TAM research. Significant positive relationships between perceived usefulness, ease of use, and system usage were consistent with previous TAM research. The observed mediating role of perceived usefulness in the relationship between ease of use and usage was also in consonance with earlier findings.The findings are significant because they suggest that the considerable body of previous TAM related information technology research may be usefully applied to the knowledge management domain, and promote further investigation of factors affecting the user acceptance and usage of knowledge management information systems.
Random Finite Topologies and their Thresholds
Authors: C. F. Maclean, Neil O'Connell
Venue: Combinatorics, Probability and Computing (2001)

For each integer n, there is a natural family of probability distributions on the set of topologies on a set of n elements, parametrized by an integer variable, m. We will describe how these are constructed and analysed, and find threshold functions (for m in terms of n) for various topological properties; we focus attention on connectivity and the size of the largest component.
The VC Model: A Universal Pragmatic Framework for GSS-Enabled Strategic Planning
Authors: Jim Sheffield
Venue: Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 37th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'04) - Track 1 - Volume 1 (2004)

This paper has two broad objectives: (i) To develop a model of GSS-enabled strategic planning based on Habermas' theory of communicative action, (ii) To apply the model asa problem-structuring device to the conceptual problem of designing the strategic evaluation of a comprehensive urban plan. The model, known as the VC or validity-claims model, provides separate evaluative criteria for personal, social and technical aspects. The criteria for successful GSS-enabled strategic planning may be summarized as: "personal commitment validated by personal truthfulness or sincerity to a social consensus validated by rightness for informed action validated by objective truth". Detailed criteria (viz., goal, strategy, procedure, issues, problems) are developed for each type of validity claim and matched to the technologies available. The result is a detailed brief for the design of GSS-enabled strategic urban planning interventions, including a sample agenda for the GSS-supported meeting and the GSS tools that will be employed.
Intersection types and &lambda;-definability
Authors: Antonio Bucciarelli, Adolfo Piperno, Ivano Salvo
Venue: Mathematical Structures in Computer Science (2003)

This paper presents a novel method for comparing computational properties of &lambda;-terms that are typeable with intersection types, with respect to terms that are typeable with Curry types. We introduce a translation from intersection typing derivations to Curry typeable terms that is preserved by &beta;-reduction: this allows the simulation of a computation starting from a term typeable in the intersection discipline by means of a computation starting from a simply typeable term. Our approach proves strong normalisation for the intersection system naturally by means of purely syntactical techniques. The paper extends the results presented in Bucciarelli et al. (1999) to the whole intersection type system of Barendregt, Coppo and Dezani, thus providing a complete proof of the conjecture, proposed in Leivant (1990), that all functions uniformly definable using intersection types are already definable using Curry types.
A 2-slot time-division multiplexing (TDM) interconnect network for gigascale integration (GSI)
Authors: Ajay Joshi, Jeff Davis
Venue: Proceedings of the 2004 international workshop on System level interconnect prediction (2004)

In many wire-limited VLSI digital systems the time delay of the longest global interconnect can be a significant percentage of the clock period. However, because semi-global and global wires with shorter wire lengths can have a much smaller time delay, they can remain idle (i.e. not switching) for a significant portion of the clock period even after their data has been transmitted. To capitalize on this phenomenon, this paper proposes that a low-overhead 2-slot Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) network should be incorporated into the multilevel interconnect architectures of future GSI systems to help reduce the escalating manufacturing costs that are primarily due to the projected increase in the number of metal layers. Using system-level interconnect prediction (SLIP) techniques, it is shown that a 20% reduction in the number of metal levels could be achieved for a 100M transistor VLSI system with only a 5-10% increase in power dissipation.
Deploying Java mobile agents in a project management environment
Authors: F. Xue, K. Y. R. Li
Venue: Managing e-commerce and mobile computing technologies (2003)

This chapter introduces mobile agent technology and explains how it can help businesses to implement client-server enterprise computing solutions. A Java mobile agent-based project management system prototype is presented to demonstrate the main features of mobile agents (mobility, functionality, intelligence and autonomy), and how they help to enhance communication processes and facilitate security within the project environment. It suggests a practical way to isolate all host resources from all visiting agents using host agents and exported host functions. It also proposes a communication infrastructure to support intelligent dialogue among agents.
Designing software for customization and evolution
Authors: David Barstow, Guillermo Arango
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th international workshop on Software specification and design (1991)

Writing software for several similar situations often involves writing a general purpose program for the domain, followed by customization appropriate for each situation. As domain understanding evolves, the general purpose program also evolves, leading to complications for the customized versions. The solution lies with the domain analysts and designers of the original system: they must characterize those domain aspects that require customization and those that are likely to evolve, and they must select design techniques that support both types of change.
Personal Identification Based on Iris Texture Analysis
Authors: Li Ma, Tieniu Tan, Yunhong Wang, Dexin Zhang
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (2003)

Abstract--With an increasing emphasis on security, automated personal identification based on biometrics has been receiving extensive attention over the past decade. Iris recognition, as an emerging biometric recognition approach, is becoming a very active topic in both research and practical applications. In general, a typical iris recognition system includes iris imaging, iris liveness detection, and recognition. This paper focuses on the last issue and describes a new scheme for iris recognition from an image sequence. We first assess the quality of each image in the input sequence and select a clear iris image from such a sequence for subsequent recognition. A bank of spatial filters, whose kernels are suitable for iris recognition, is then used to capture local characteristics of the iris so as to produce discriminating texture features. Experimental results show that the proposed method has an encouraging performance. In particular, a comparative study of existing methods for iris recognition is conducted on an iris image database including 2,255 sequences from 213 subjects. Conclusions based on such a comparison using a nonparametric statistical method (the bootstrap) provide useful information for further research.
Benefits of using socially-relevant projects in computer science and engineering education
Authors: Michael Buckley, Helene Kershner, Kris Schindler, Carl Alphonce, Jennifer Braswell
Venue: Proceedings of the 35th SIGCSE technical symposium on Computer science education (2004)

In an attempt to bridge a local technology gap, potentially provide software to health care organizations serving the needs of handicapped clients in the Western NY area, and provide innovative and interesting projects for our capstone design classes, the Computer Science and Engineering department at the University at Buffalo (SUNY) began soliciting projects from local organizations in need. The projects have been integrated into required senior-level undergraduate courses. The practical benefits of project experience on student education, and the benefits of providing useful software to the target organizations, were anticipated, but the experiences have proven to be much more. Students have responded with intensity and philanthropy. The clients have participated in the classroom experience as both recipients and teachers. The program has rescued students at academic risk, and the school is enjoying an enhanced reputation in the community. This paper explores positive and cautionary issues regarding the effort.