ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Affordable Wireless Connectivity Linking Poor Latin American Communities Binding Their Schools by Sharing ICT Training for "Maestros" of Primary Schools
Authors: C. Osvaldo Rodriguez
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Internationalization, Design and Global Development: Held as Part of HCI International 2009 (2009)

A very poor neighborhood in Argentina that has many features of lower middle class is called "barrio carenciado". Many heads of the families are unemployed and although children have access to schools it is common that they do not finish their basic instruction. In many cases NGOs play a fundamental role in changing this reality. In this presentation we detail the implementation of a test bed where 14 families and a school were provided with computers, Internet access and were educated out of digital illiteracy. Connectivity was provided by Wireless Mesh Networking (WMN). The research project, was carried out by a group of researchers from the Universidad de La Plata with different backgrounds in collaboration with the NGO Barrios del Plata (a chapter of Muhammad Yunus´s Grameen Bank). The study monitored the changes in families' life (in particularly children education and parents opportunities related to obtaining work). The deployment of WMN in a such a broad area, aimed to define the possible lowest cost implementation, and conforms an important part of the research activities. The school #502, originally a node of the WMN, has become a "Laboratory for the use of innovative methodologies in ICT training of primary school teachers". The project was financed through an award given in a public competition by Microsoft research and CentralTech, a leading Argentinean educational center.
Throughput Potential of Overlay Cognitive Wireless Mesh Networks
Authors: Jonathan Backens, Min Song
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Wireless Algorithms, Systems, and Applications (2009)

In this paper we consider a cognitive radio overlay model applied to single channel, single radio wireless mesh network and investigate the performance and fairness. Specifically we challenge the nominal mesh capacity of $O(\frac{1}{n})$ and provide proof that under certain constraints total mesh capacity can approach $O(\frac{1}{2})$ with an average per node throughput of $O(\frac{1}{n_a})$ where n a is the number of data generating active nodes. We provide an analysis of overlay communication using dirty paper coding on the sequential transmissions in wireless mesh networks.
A Framework for Brain Registration via Simultaneous Surface and Volume Flow
Authors: Anand Joshi, Richard Leahy, Arthur W. Toga, David Shattuck
Venue: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Information Processing in Medical Imaging (2009)

Volumetric registration of brain MR images presents a challenging problem due to the wide variety of sulcal folding patterns. We present a novel volumetric registration method based on an intermediate parameter space in which the shape differences are normalized. First, we generate a 3D harmonic map of each brain volume to unit ball which is used as an intermediate space. Cortical surface features and volumetric intensity are then used to find a simultaneous surface and volume registration. We present a finite element method for the registration by using a tetrahedral volumetric mesh for registering the interior volumetric information and the corresponding triangulated mesh at the surface points. This framework aligns the convoluted sulcal folding patterns as well as the subcortical structures by allowing simultaneous flow of surface and volumes for registration. We describe the methodology and FEM implementation and then evaluate the method in terms of the overlap between segmented structures in coregistered brains.
A Nyström interpolant for some weakly singular linear Volterra integral equations
Authors: Paola Baratella
Venue: Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics (2009)

We consider a second kind weakly singular Volterra integral equation defined by a non-compact operator and derive a Nystrom type interpolant of the solution based on Gauss-Radau nodes. Assuming the stability of the interpolant, which is confirmed by the numerical tests, we derive convergence estimates.
Learning to identify reduced passive verb phrases with a shallow parser
Authors: Sean Igo, Ellen Riloff
Venue: Proceedings of the 23rd national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 3 (2008)

Our research is motivated by the observation that NLP systems frequently mislabel passive voice verb phrases as being in the active voice when there is no auxiliary verb (e.g., "The man arrested had a long record"). These errors directly impact thematic role recognition and NLP applications that depend on it. We present a learned classifier that can accurately identify reduced passive voice constructions in shallow parsing environments.
Situations in LTL as strings
Authors: Tim Fernando
Venue: Information and Computation (2009)

Situations serving as worlds as well as events in linguistic semantics are formulated as strings recording observations over discrete time. This formulation is applied to a linear temporal logic, in line with L. Schubert's distinction between described and characterized situations. The distinction is developed topologically and computationally, and linked to the opposition between truth-conditional and proof-conditional semantics. For a finitary handle on quantification, strings are associated with situations not only on the basis of observation but also through derivation and constraint satisfaction. The constraints specified lead to an implementation simpler than the derivations given.
On socio-cognitive processes that promote learning from peer collaboration and how immediate transfer tests cannot always detect their effects
Authors: Christa S. C. Asterhan, Baruch B. Schwarz, Christine Howe, Daniel L. Schwartz, Taylor Martin
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th international conference on International conference for the learning sciences - Volume 3 (2008)

Research into the benefits of collaborative work on learning have shifted from questions regarding whether it promotes learning, to research into the conditions that promote learning and the identification of processes that make collaborative group settings particularly effective. In this symposium we will present findings from recent research into a number of socio-cognitive processes that have been found to foster conceptual gains following group learning. The papers that will be presented as part of this symposium will focus on three different phenomena: argumentation, production feedback and the incubation effect of collaboration. In addition, these studies also show that the effects of collaborative learning may not be apparent immediately following interaction, but need some time to materialize. This finding emphasizes the need for multiple and delayed assessment, as well as alternative assessment tools, such as prospective (instead of retrospective) measures of learning.
Construction Knowledge Transfer through Interactive Visualization
Authors: Paul Woodard, Shafee Ahamed, Roberto Canas, John Dickinson
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on E-Learning and Games: Learning by Playing. Game-based Education System Design and Development (2009)

Changing population demographics and infrastructure demands are having a significant impact on the average level of worker expertise in the North American construction sector. Experienced employees with specialized knowledge are leaving the workforce, and their replacements are required to install and maintain a broader variety of complex systems. Because of this, it is imperative that construction knowledge be quickly and effectively transferred to practitioners through educational processes. However, recent history has demonstrated that traditional techniques may not be effective at transferring sufficient knowledge to eliminate many common mistakes. It has been suggested that new forms of knowledge transfer may be more effective and result in fewer construction errors, especially those which result from installing components out of sequence. In this paper, the authors describe efforts to adapt a traditional paper-based best practice guide into an interactive 3-D tool that can be used on a variety of devices, from laptop computers to commercially available entertainment systems.
Development of a Holonic Free-Roaming AGV System for Part Manufacturing
Authors: Olivier Roulet-Dubonnet, Morten Lind, Lars Tore Gellein, Per Åge Nyen, Terje Lien, Amund Skavhaug
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Industrial Applications of Holonic and Multi-Agent Systems: Holonic and Multi-Agent Systems for Manufacturing (2009)

This paper presents an Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV) system under development and its industrial background as a support system for an automated paint department. The focus is on demonstrating how the holonic architecture can be used to implement a flexible AGV system. The system is composed of autonomous AGV holons who cooperate, directly or as groups, with other holons such as robot holons, vision-system holons and order holons to produce the real parts. The holonic architecture is described in detail and example use-cases presented.
Lifetime and coverage guarantees through distributed coordinate-free sensor activation
Authors: Gaurav S. Kasbekar, Yigal Bejerano, Saswati Sarkar
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking (2009)

Wireless Sensor Networks are emerging as a key sensing technology, with diverse military and civilian applications. In these networks, a large number of sensors perform distributed sensing of a target field. Each sensor is a small battery-operated device that can sense events of interest in its sensing range and can communicate with neighboring sensors. A sensor cover is a subset of the set of all sensors such that every point in the target field is in the interior of the sensing ranges of at least $k$ different sensors in the subset, where k is a given positive integer. The lifetime of the network is the time from the point the network starts operation until the set of all sensors with non-zero remaining energy does not constitute a sensor cover. An important goal in sensor networks is to design a schedule, that is, a sequence of sensor covers to activate in every time slot, so as to maximize the lifetime of the network. In this paper, we design a polynomial-time, distributed algorithm for maximizing the lifetime of the network and prove that its lifetime is at most a factor O(log n * log nB) lower than the maximum possible lifetime, where n is the number of sensors and B is an upper bound on the initial energy of each sensor. Our algorithm does not require knowledge of the locations of nodes or directional information, which is difficult to obtain in sensor networks. Each sensor only needs to know the distances between adjacent nodes in its transmission range and their sensing radii. In every slot, the algorithm first assigns a weight to each node that is exponential in the fraction of its initial energy that has been used up so far. Then, in a distributed manner, it finds a O(log n) approximate minimum weight sensor cover which it activates in the slot. Our simulations reveal that our algorithm substantially outperforms several existing lifetime maximization algorithms.
An information-based approach for guiding multi-modal human-computer-interaction
Authors: Matthias Denecke
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifteenth international joint conference on Artifical intelligence - Volume 2 (1997)

Much work has been done in dialogue modeling for spoken and multi-modal humancomputer interaction. Problems can arise in situations that do not correspond to the dialogue model. For this reason, we propose information-centered dialogue processing in which the actions to be taken by the dialogue system are determined as a function of the information available in the discourse, the database and the domain model. In order to arrive at fully specified representations of the intended actions, the specificity of the representations is increased by unification, integrating information from multi-modal input, database access and domain knowledge. Our approach differs from other state-of-the-art systems in that it does not rely on explicit dialogue models. Instead, we show how partial and underspecified representations of the situation can be used in a spoken dialogue system to generate clarification questions and to guide the user to arrive at his or her communicative goal. We show furthermore how probabilistic information can be used to disambiguate without clarification questions. Evaluation results and dialogue examples demonstrate the flexibility and naturalness of our approach.
INcreasing Security and Protection through Infrastructure REsilience: The INSPIRE Project
Authors: Salvatore D'Antonio, Luigi Romano, Abdelmajid Khelil, Neeraj Suri
Venue: Critical Information Infrastructure Security: Third International Workshop, CRITIS 2008, Rome, Italy, October13-15, 2008. Revised Papers (2009)

The INSPIRE project aims at enhancing the European potential in the field of security by ensuring the protection of critical information infrastructures through (a) the identification of their vulnerabilities and (b) the development of innovative techniques for securing networked process control systems. To increase the resilience of such systems INSPIRE will develop traffic engineering algorithms, diagnostic processes and self-reconfigurable architectures along with recovery techniques. Hence, the core idea of the INSPIRE project is to protect critical information infrastructures by appropriately configuring, managing, and securing the communication network which interconnects the distributed control systems. A working prototype will be implemented as a final demonstrator of selected scenarios. Controls/Communication Experts will support project partners in the validation and demonstration activities. INSPIRE will also contribute to standardization process in order to foster multi-operator interoperability and coordinated strategies for securing lifeline systems.
Intra domain route optimization for ubiquitous network
Authors: Hye-Young Kim, Hangbae Chang, Young-Sik Jeong
Venue: Personal and Ubiquitous Computing (2009)

The main advantage of a wireless network is user mobility, which calls for efficient routing support at the network layer. An architecture combines hierarchical mobile IPv6 and network mobility for a network mobile and mobile nodes move in tandem and make a hierarchy in the wireless network to management of micro-mobility and seamless handoff. But the capability of the architecture for intra domain route optimization is impaired. So we propose functionality in domain nodes to enable intra domain path optimization for ubiquitous network. It is shown that intra domain cost effect is beneficial in every hierarchical domain that spans mesh network topology. We address the key function for our proposed scheme and analyze the usefulness of our proposed method using mathematically. We show that our proposed scheme performs much better than Network Mobility protocol, especially when the number of mobile nodes or mobile routers or correspondent nodes increases in hierarchically nested in ubiquitous networks.
Silicon cantilever arrays with by-pass metal through-silicon-via (TSV) tips for micromachined IC testing probe cards
Authors: Fei Wang, Xinxin Li, Rong Cheng, Kewei Jiang, Songlin Feng
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2009)

In this paper, an integrated probe card is proposed and developed for wafer-level IC testing. Based on micromachining technology, totally about 26,000 cantilever-tip probes can be formed simultaneously in one 4-in. silicon wafer, with the minimum pitch of 35@mm for adjacent probing tips. The probe card is designed with a novel composite structure that combines both single-crystalline silicon and electroplated metals. In the composite structure, a novel bypass through-silicon-via with a low aspect ratio can be high-yield fabricated for transferring the testing signals from the probing sided (at the wafer bottom side) to the I/O interface (at the front side). The probe card makes full use of the advantages of the single-crystal silicon and the electroplated nickel and copper. Bulk micromachined silicon cantilevers behave uniform probing height and a good elastic deformation property, while the electroplated nickel probing tips promise high hardness and satisfactory electric contact performance with the dies-under-test (DUT). Measurements show that the fabricated cantilever is able to withstand a contact force of 80mN by a tip displacement of 20@mm. The measured contact resistances on metal pads (Al, Cu, and Au) are all below 1@W, whereas the maximum current leakage is 64pA for 3.3V voltage across two adjacent tips. After a probing reliability test of 100,000 cycles, the cantilever-tip shows no sign of any performance degradation.
Interactive Learning Panels
Authors: Ricardo Tesoriero, Habib Fardoun, José Gallud, María Lozano, Victor Penichet
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Part IV: Interacting in Various Application Domains (2009)

New sensing technologies, as RFID readers, are being incorporated into mobile devices to provide users with new interaction experiences. And, the combinations of these new technologies open up new challenging application scenarios. One of the areas that could exploit this potential is the design of interactive solutions for context-aware applications applied to learning environments. This article describes an m-learning environment that is enriched with new interaction features that are, or may, be provided by actual or future mobile device technologies. The proposed gesture based interface allows users to relate ideas and concepts through the improvement of traditional methods. This environment is based on the reuse of existent physical resources, such as the learning panels used in school classes. For instance maps, historical posters, timelines, and so on. These panels are improved with the low cost and widely used RFID technology that enables students to interact with them through mobile devices, encouraging the interest the students applying the constructivist education theory.
A simple semi-supervised algorithm for named entity recognition
Authors: Wenhui Liao, Sriharsha Veeramachaneni
Venue: Proceedings of the NAACL HLT 2009 Workshop on Semi-Supervised Learning for Natural Language Processing (2009)

We present a simple semi-supervised learning algorithm for named entity recognition (NER) using conditional random fields (CRFs). The algorithm is based on exploiting evidence that is independent from the features used for a classifier, which provides high-precision labels to unlabeled data. Such independent evidence is used to automatically extract high-accuracy and non-redundant data, leading to a much improved classifier at the next iteration. We show that our algorithm achieves an average improvement of 12 in recall and 4 in precision compared to the supervised algorithm. We also show that our algorithm achieves high accuracy when the training and test sets are from different domains.
Analyzing the Galbraith-Lin-Scott Point Multiplication Method for Elliptic Curves over Binary Fields
Authors: Darrel Hankerson, Koray Karabina, Alfred Menezes
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (2009)

Galbraith, Lin, and Scott recently constructed efficiently computable endomorphisms for a large family of elliptic curves defined over {\hbox{\rlap{I}\kern 2.0pt{\hbox{F}}}}_{q^2} and showed, in the case where q is a prime, that the Gallant-Lambert-Vanstone point multiplication method for these curves is significantly faster than point multiplication for general elliptic curves over prime fields. In this paper, we investigate the potential benefits of using Galbraith-Lin-Scott elliptic curves in the case where q is a power of 2. The analysis differs from the q prime case because of several factors, including the availability of the point halving strategy for elliptic curves over binary fields. Our analysis and implementations show that Galbraith-Lin-Scott point multiplication method offers significant acceleration for curves over binary fields, in both doubling- and halving-based approaches. Experimentally, the acceleration surpasses that reported for prime fields (for the platform in common), a somewhat counterintuitive result given the relative costs of point addition and doubling in each case.
A deadlock prevention approach for flexible manufacturing systems without complete siphon enumeration of their Petri net models
Authors: Chunfu Zhong, Zhiwu Li
Venue: Engineering with Computers (2009)

Siphons are very important in the analysis and control of deadlocks in a Petri net. However, it is quite time-consuming or even impossible to get the complete siphon enumeration of a Petri net. This paper focuses on the deadlock prevention problems in flexible manufacturing systems that are modeled with S4PR, a general class of Petri nets. The analysis of S4PR leads us to characterize deadlock situations in terms of insufficiently marked siphons. The method proposed in this paper is an iterative approach. At each iteration, a non-max-marked siphon is computed by solving a mixed integer linear programming problem. Then the siphon is max-marked through a P-invariant by adding a monitor place. This process is carried out until no non-max-marked siphon can be found in the net. As a result all the siphons in the net are max-controlled. Then the net becomes live. Without computing all the siphons, a monitor-based liveness-enforcing Petri net supervisor can be found with more permissive behavior. A number of flexible manufacturing examples are used to demonstrate the proposed methods.
Handbook of Multimedia for Digital Entertainment and Arts, 1st edition
Authors: Borko Furht
Venue:  (2009)

The advances in computer entertainment, multi-player and online games, technology-enabled art, culture and performance have created a new form of entertainment and art. The success of this new field has influenced the development of the digital entertainment industry and related products/services, which has impacted every aspect of our lives. Handbook of Multimedia for Digital Entertainment and Arts is an edited volume contributed by worldwide experts in the field of the new digital and interactive media, and their applications in entertainment and arts. This handbook will cover leading edge media technologies, and the latest research applied to digital entertainment and arts. The main focus of Handbook of Multimedia for Digital Entertainment and Artswill target interactive and online games, edutainment, e-performance, personal broadcasting, innovative technologies for digital arts, digital visual and auditory media, augmented reality, moving media, and other advanced topics. The final chapters of this book will present future trends and developments within this explosive field. Handbook of Multimedia for Digital Entertainment and Arts will serve as a primary reference for advanced-level students, researchers and professors studying computer science and electrical engineering. With the dramatic growth of interactive digital entertainment and art applications, this handbook is also suitable as a reference for practitioners, programmers, and engineers working in this field.