ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
On lattices, learning with errors, random linear codes, and cryptography
Authors: Oded Regev
Venue: Journal of the ACM (JACM) (2009)

Our main result is a reduction from worst-case lattice problems such as GapSVP and SIVP to a certain learning problem. This learning problem is a natural extension of the &ldquo;learning from parity with error&rdquo; problem to higher moduli. It can also be viewed as the problem of decoding from a random linear code. This, we believe, gives a strong indication that these problems are hard. Our reduction, however, is quantum. Hence, an efficient solution to the learning problem implies a quantum algorithm for GapSVP and SIVP. A main open question is whether this reduction can be made classical (i.e., nonquantum). We also present a (classical) public-key cryptosystem whose security is based on the hardness of the learning problem. By the main result, its security is also based on the worst-case quantum hardness of GapSVP and SIVP. The new cryptosystem is much more efficient than previous lattice-based cryptosystems: the public key is of size &Otilde;(n2) and encrypting a message increases its size by a factor of &Otilde;(n) (in previous cryptosystems these values are &Otilde;(n4) and &Otilde;(n2), respectively). In fact, under the assumption that all parties share a random bit string of length &Otilde;(n2), the size of the public key can be reduced to &Otilde;(n).
TrAgLor, an implementation of IEEE LOM draft standard in agriculture and life sciences
Authors: Zeynel Cebeci, Yoldas Erdogan, Murat Kara
Venue: International Journal of Metadata, Semantics and Ontologies (2009)

The Turkish Agricultural Learning Objects Repository (TrAgLor) is a multilingual IEEE LOM Draft Standard compatible Learning Objects (LO) repository. It has been developed as a test-bed to enable the storage, search and retrieval of objects or their metadata related with agriculture, food, veterinary and environmental sciences for learners and educators in Turkey. The main purpose for developing TrAgLor was to implement a demonstrative repository system that focuses on various technical aspects related to storage, retrieval and exchange of LO produced for Turkish higher Institutions. Accordingly, this paper primarily aims to introduce and discuss the architecture and functions of the repository on LO and metadata management, searching and interoperability in addition to some preliminary findings on usage and contribution levels to the repository.
Fault-Tolerant Aggregation by Flow Updating
Authors: Paulo Jesus, Carlos Baquero, Paulo Sérgio Almeida
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th IFIP WG 6.1 International Conference on Distributed Applications and Interoperable Systems (2009)

Data aggregation plays an important role in the design of scalable systems, allowing the determination of meaningful system-wide properties to direct the execution of distributed applications. In the particular case of wireless sensor networks, data collection is often only practicable if aggregation is performed. Several aggregation algorithms have been proposed in the last few years, exhibiting different properties in terms of accuracy, speed and communication tradeoffs. Nonetheless, existing approaches are found lacking in terms of fault tolerance. In this paper, we introduce a novel fault-tolerant averaging based data aggregation algorithm. It tolerates substantial message loss (link failures), while competing algorithms in the same class can be affected by a single lost message. The algorithm is based on manipulating flows (in the graph theoretical sense), that are updated using idempotent messages, providing it with unique robustness capabilities. Furthermore, evaluation results obtained by comparing it with other averaging approaches have revealed that it outperforms them in terms of time and message complexity.
Momentum and Mean Reversion in Strategic Asset Allocation
Authors: Ralph S. J. Koijen, Juan Carlos Rodríguez, Alessandro Sbuelz
Venue: Management Science (2009)

We study a dynamic asset allocation problem in which stock returns exhibit short-run momentum and long-run mean reversion. We develop a tractable continuous-time model that captures these two predictability features and derive the optimal investment strategy in closed form. The model predicts negative hedging demands for medium-term investors, and an allocation to stocks that is nonmonotonic in the investor's horizon. Momentum substantially increases the economic value of hedging time variation in investment opportunities. These utility gains are preserved when we impose realistic borrowing and short-sales constraints and allow the investor to trade on a monthly frequency.
Long Live Instructor-Led Learning
Authors: Saul Carliner
Venue: eLearn (2009)

In March 2009, the monthly question on ASTD's Learning Circuits blog wonders what training will look like in 2019. Nearly all the contributors predicted the death of the classroom. Before you buy that, perhaps I can interest you in some mortgage-backed securities? Consider the case for the death of the classroom to be about as strong as those securities.
Topology and Robotics: July 10-14, 2006, Fim Eth, Zurich
Authors: M. Farber, R. Ghrist, M. Burger, D. Koditschek
Venue:  (2007)

Ever since the literary works of Capek and Asimov, mankind has been fascinated by the idea of robots. Modern research in robotics reveals that along with many other branches of mathematics, topology has a fundamental role to play in making these grand ideas a reality. This volume summarizes recent progress in the field of topological robotics--a new discipline at the crossroads of topology, engineering and computer science. Currently, topological robotics is developing in two main directions. On one hand, it studies pure topological problems inspired by robotics and engineering. On the other hand, it uses topological ideas, topological language, topological philosophy, and specially developed tools of algebraic topology to solve problems of engineering and computer science. Examples of research in both these directions are given by articles in this volume, which is designed to be a mixture of various interesting topics of pure mathematics and practical engineering.
Cognitive situated agents learn to name actions
Authors: Julien Poudade, Lionel Landwerlin, Patrick Paroubek
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on ECAI 2006: 17th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence August 29 -- September 1, 2006, Riva del Garda, Italy (2006)

We present experiments in which a population of situated autonomous cognitive agents learns by means of “language games” a common lexicon of symbols that designates basic motions (translation, rotation) in a 2D world. We study the quality of the lexicon learnt when we give ours agents a cognitive functionality akin to working memory, and we explain how they are able to agree on a set of common names for basic actions, if their world representation is built using sensorimotor contingencies informations.
Research on Description Logic Based Conflict Detection Methods for RB-RBAC Model
Authors: Haibo Yu, Qi Xie, Haiyan Che
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on Advances in Intelligent IT: Active Media Technology 2006 (2006)

The RB-RBAC family introduces negative authorization, represented by negative roles, which may bring conflict, and conflict detection and resolution become an import work in RB-RBAC policy management. We proposed a formalization of RB-RBAC model by description logic and developed conflict detection methods based on description logic reasoning service. Conflicts can be detected when all authorization rules have been defined, and a revised detection method is also given to improve the system efficiency when dynamically adding new authorization rule to system. Conflicts among related rules and among unrelated rules can be distinguished by these methods. We also demonstrate a simple method to resolve conflict.
Getting Started with Camera Raw: How to make better pictures using Photoshop and Photoshop Elements, 2nd edition
Authors: Ben Long
Venue:  (2009)

How to make better pictures using Photoshop and Photoshop ElementsWorking with digital photographs in raw format isnt just for pros. Today, point-and-shoot cameras can capture images in raw format, giving shutterbugs of all stripes additional control and editing flexibility for richer, more vibrant photographs. If youre ready to learn how you can use Adobe Photoshop or Adobe Photoshop Elements to make the most of your cameras raw capabilities, this book is the place to start. Author and photographer Ben Long introduces you to the raw format, explaining when it offers advantages over your cameras default options, and then shows you how best to use it. In this book, completely updated for Photoshop CS4 and Photoshop Elements 7, youll learn:How your digital camera captures and stores dataThe pros and cons of working with Camera Raw data versus standard JPEG filesHow to sort and process images using Camera Raw in Photoshop Elements and PhotoshopBasic Photoshop and Photoshop Elements editing techniques, such as adjusting for exposure, brightness, contrast, and saturationHow to work with the Camera Raw histogram to improve the color and tone of your imagesGreat techniques for shooting to get the best from the raw format
Robust control of composite beams
Authors: D. Marinova
Venue: Automation and Remote Control (2009)

The structure uncertainty effect is considered on actively controllable composite beam that is a part of the structure of a civil building in a seismodangerous zone. The solution of the problem for active control of vibrations of the composite beam is based on the introduction of a simplified model of sensors and an actuator, which are implemented in the form of piezoelectric plates pasted on two opposite planes of the beam. A suggestion is made of the practical approach that affords the robust control of the composite beam and is founded on the modern H 2- and H ¿-methods of the theory of control. The effectiveness of the suggested approach for the suppression of vibrations of the composite beam under consideration is illustrated by the examples of numerical modeling.
Cooperation and Ubiquitous Computing: an Architecture Towards their Integration
Authors: Federico Cabitza, Marco P. Locatelli, Carla Simone
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on Cooperative Systems Design: Seamless Integration of Artifacts and Conversations -- Enhanced Concepts of Infrastructure for Communication (2006)

The paper discusses the relations between Ubiquitous Computing (UC) and cooperation pointing to two reference scenarios. UC technologies are still in a early stage: however, it is possible to envisage an evolution that makes smart objects pervasive in work settings. Under the hypothesis that these objects are likely to have very a specialized functionality, the smart environment has to possess distributed inferential capabilities to complement them toward an adaptive support to both individual and collaborative behaviors. CASMAS is a model informing an architecture to design collaborative UC environments: it combines inference capabilities with the management of contextual information that is modulated according to the structure of physical and logical spaces.
Reducing exergy losses of liquid fluid using embedded open parallel microchannels within the surface
Authors: M. H. Yazdi, S. Abdullah, I. Hashim, K. Sopian
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th WSEAS international conference on Applied mathematics (2008)

This paper presents an analysis of entropy generation of forced convection heat transfer of liquid fluid over the horizontal surface with embedded open parallel microchannels at constant heat flux boundary conditions. The governing partial differential equations subjected to slip flow boundary conditions are transformed into a set of ordinary differential equations using similarity variables. These ordinary differential equations are solved numerically by using a fourth order Runge-Kutta and shooting method. Entropy production related to open parallel embedded microchannels is considered. The rate of entropy generation is formulated by an integral of local entropy generation subjected to constant heat flux boundary condition. The rate of entropy generation is investigated and discussed in details for various values of slip coefficient. It is shown that the embedded open parallel microchannels within the surface can sufficiently reduce both friction and thermal irreversibilities of liquid fluid through slip-flow conditions.
EverLast: a distributed architecture for preserving the web
Authors: Avishek Anand, Srikanta Bedathur, Klaus Berberich, Ralf Schenkel, Christos Tryfonopoulos
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th ACM/IEEE-CS joint conference on Digital libraries (2009)

The World Wide Web has become a key source of knowledge pertaining to almost every walk of life. Unfortunately, much of data on the Web is highly ephemeral in nature, with more than 50-80% of content estimated to be changing within a short time. Continuing the pioneering efforts of many national (digital) libraries, organizations such as the International Internet Preservation Consortium (IIPC), the Internet Archive (IA) and the European Archive (EA) have been tirelessly working towards preserving the ever changing Web. However, while these web archiving efforts have paid significant attention towards long term preservation of Web data, they have paid little attention to developing an global-scale infrastructure for collecting, archiving, and performing historical analyzes on the collected data. Based on insights from our recent work on building text analytics for Web Archives, we propose EverLast, a scalable distributed framework for next generation Web archival and temporal text analytics over the archive. Our system is built on a loosely-coupled distributed architecture that can be deployed over large-scale peer-to-peer networks. In this way, we allow the integration of many archival efforts taken mainly at a national level by national digital libraries. Key features of EverLast include support of time-based text search & analysis and the use of human-assisted archive gathering. In this paper, we outline the overall architecture of EverLast, and present some promising preliminary results.
Boundedness and Convergence of Online Gradient Method with Penalty for Linear Output Feedforward Neural Networks
Authors: Huisheng Zhang, Wei Wu
Venue: Neural Processing Letters (2009)

This paper investigates an online gradient method with penalty for training feedforward neural networks with linear output. A usual penalty is considered, which is a term proportional to the norm of the weights. The main contribution of this paper is to theoretically prove the boundedness of the weights in the network training process. This boundedness is then used to prove an almost sure convergence of the algorithm to the zero set of the gradient of the error function.
A Schrödinger Equation for the Fast Computation of Approximate Euclidean Distance Functions
Authors: Karthik S. Gurumoorthy, Anand Rangarajan
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Scale Space and Variational Methods in Computer Vision (2009)

Computational techniques adapted from classical mechanics and used in image analysis run the gamut from Lagrangian action principles to Hamilton-Jacobi field equations: witness the popularity of the fast marching and fast sweeping methods which are essentially fast Hamilton-Jacobi solvers. In sharp contrast, there are very few applications of quantum mechanics inspired computational methods. Given the fact that most of classical mechanics can be obtained as a limiting case of quantum mechanics (as Planck's constant h tends to zero), this paucity of quantum mechanics inspired methods is surprising. In this work, we derive relationships between nonlinear Hamilton-Jacobi and linear Schrödinger equations for the Euclidean distance function problem (in 1D, 2D and 3D). We then solve the Schrödinger wave equation instead of the corresponding Hamilton-Jacobi equation. We show that the Schrödinger equation has a closed form solution and that this solution can be efficiently computed in O(NlogN), N being the number of grid points. The Euclidean distance can then be recovered from the wave function. Since the wave function is computed for a small but non-zero h, the obtained Euclidean distance function is an approximation. We derive analytic bounds for the error of the approximation and experimentally compare the results of our approach with the exact Euclidean distance function on real and synthetic data.
Ensemble document clustering using weighted hypergraph generated by NMF
Authors: Hiroyuki Shinnou, Minoru Sasaki
Venue: Proceedings of the 45th Annual Meeting of the ACL on Interactive Poster and Demonstration Sessions (2007)

In this paper, we propose a new ensemble document clustering method. The novelty of our method is the use of Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) in the generation phase and a weighted hypergraph in the integration phase. In our experiment, we compared our method with some clustering methods. Our method achieved the best results.
The semantics of a definiendum constrains both the lexical semantics and the lexicosyntactic patterns in the definiens
Authors: Hong Yu, Ying Wei
Venue: Proceedings of the Workshop on Linking Natural Language Processing and Biology: Towards Deeper Biological Literature Analysis (2006)

Most current definitional question answering systems apply one-size-fits-all lexicosyntactic patterns to identify definitions. By analyzing a large set of online definitions, this study shows that the semantic types of definienda constrain both lexical semantics and lexicosyntactic patterns of the definientia. For example, "heart" has the semantic type [Body Part, Organ, or Organ Component] and its definition (e.g., "heart locates between the lungs") incorporates semantic-type-dependent lexicosyntactic patterns (e.g., "TERM locates ...") and terms (e.g., "lung" has the same semantic type [Body Part, Organ, or Organ Component]). In contrast, "AIDS" has a different semantic type [Disease or Syndrome]; its definition (e.g., "An infectious disease caused by human immunodeficiency virus") consists of different lexicosyntactic patterns (e.g., "...causes by...") and terms (e.g., "infectious disease" has the semantic type [Disease or Syndrome]). The semantic types are defined in the widely used biomedical knowledge resource, the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS).
Plenary lecture II: investigating the relationships between airborne particulate matter and meteorological variables using non-decimated wavelet transform
Authors: Azami Zaharim
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th WSEAS international conference on Applied mathematics (2008)

Malaysia has experienced several haze periods since early 1980s in which suspended particulate matter was the major components. The temporal variations observed in suspended particulate matter concentrations are the result of interactions of various meteorological variables and pollutants emissions in different time scales. In order to study the relationships between particulate matter, temperature and wind speed, non-decimated wavelet transform was applied to the time series. The time series registered significant relationships between meteorological variables and PM10 for low frequency components. While for the high frequency components, the relationships were not significant. The correlations between PM10 and temperature were found positive. The correlations between PM10 and wind speed registered both positive and negative correlations. The findings also support the suggestion that during the dry season, one of the major sources of particulates was from outside the country.
Introducing Realist Ontology for the Representation of Adverse Events
Authors: Werner Ceusters, Maria Capolupo, Georges De Moor, Jos Devlies
Venue: Proceeding of the 2008 conference on Formal Ontology in Information Systems: Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference (FOIS 2008) (2008)

The goal of the REMINE project is to build a high performance prediction, detection and monitoring platform for managing Risks against Patient Safety (RAPS). Part of the work involves developing an ontology enabling computer-assisted RAPS decision support on the basis of the disease history of a patient as documented in a hospital information system. A requirement of the ontology is to contain a representation for what is commonly referred to by the term 'adverse event', one challenge being that distinct authoritative sources define this term in different and context-dependent ways. The presence of some common ground in all definitions is, however, obvious. Using the analytical principles underlying Basic Formal Ontology and Referent Tracking, both developed in the tradition of philosophical realism, we propose a formal representation of this common ground which combines a reference ontology consisting exclusively of representations of universals and an application ontology which consists representations of defined classes. We argue that what in most cases is referred to by means of the term 'adverse event' --when used generically --is a defined class rather than a universal. In favour of the conception of adverse events as forming a defined class are the arguments that (1) there is no definition for 'adverse event' that carves out a collection of particulars which constitutes the extension of a universal, and (2) the majority of definitions require adverse events to be (variably) the result of some observation, assessment or (absence of) expectation, thereby giving these entities a nominal or epistemological flavour.
Multi-mechanism reliability modeling and management in dynamic systems
Authors: Eric Karl, David Blaauw, Dennis Sylvester, Trevor Mudge
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems (2008)

Reliability failure mechanisms, such as time-dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB), electromigration, and negative bias temperature instability (NBTI), have become a key concern in integrated circuit (IC) design. The traditional approach to reliability qualification assumes that the system will operate at maximum performance continuously under worst case voltage and temperature conditions. In reality, due to widely varying environmental conditions and an increased use of dynamic control techniques, such as dynamic voltage scaling and sleep modes, the typical system spends a very small fraction of its operational time at maximum voltage and temperature. In this paper, we show how this results in a reliability "slack" that can be leveraged to provide increased performance during periods of peak processing demand. We develop a novel, real time reliability model based on workload driven conditions. Based on this model, we then propose a new dynamic reliability management (DRM) scheme that results in 20%-35% performance improvement during periods of peak computational demand while ensuring the required reliability lifetime.
Brief paper: How to take into account piecewise constraints in constraint satisfaction problems
Authors: ílise Vareilles, Michel Aldanondo, Paul Gaborit
Venue: Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence (2009)

A particular data structure named a Quad Tree allows a better representation of solution space of binary continuous constraints C(x"1,x"2), than classical continuous consistencies. The generation and integration of this data structure do not raise any particular problem for continuous constraints defined by only one mathematical formula [Sam, D., 1995. Constraint consistency techniques for continuous domains. Ph.D. Thesis, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne]. In this paper, we propose to extend the method of generating Quad Trees in order to take into account, in CSPs, binary continuous constraints defined by a piecewise constraint, i.e. a set of functions defined on intervals. The first section presents the industrial requirements which led us to take into account this type of constraint in CSP. The second section recalls the principles of the Quad Tree. The last section describes our contributions relevant to Quad Tree extensions dealing with piecewise constraints.