ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Performance Analysis of Pulse Generators for UWB-Based Sensor Networks
Authors: Zhimeng Xu, Min Luo, Zhizhang (David) Chen, Hong Nie, Lun Yu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 WRI International Conference on Communications and Mobile Computing - Volume 01 (2009)

UWB systems based on impulse radio (IR-UWB) have the potential to provide very low duty cycles and low power consumption. Furthermore, IR-UWB has the advantages of being able to carry out precision localization and to handle multi-path signals. Consequently, with its low implementation complexity, it is an ideal candidate for sensor network applications. In an IR-UWB system, pulse generator is a key component because it determines the frequency characteristics of the transmitter and affects the performance of the UWB system. In complement to what has been reported in literature so far, this paper gives a brief overview of recently developed short UWB pulse generation techniques, presents analysis of peak voltage of various pulses and shows the bit-errorrate (BER) performance of non-sinusoidal and carrier based pulse generators for sensor network applications.
Product design evaluation model of child car seat using gray relational analysis
Authors: Hsin-Hsi Lai, Chien-Hsu Chen, Yu-Cheng Chen, Jo-Wei Yeh, Cheng Fang Lai
Venue: Advanced Engineering Informatics (2009)

This paper attempts to explore a design evaluation system dealing with the ergonomic comfort problems for the child car seat designers. The new product design evaluation (abbreviated as PDE) model is developed through two stages. The first stage is to perform an ergonomic experiment to find out the relations between the comfort and the interface pressures on the child subjects. The second stage is to construct a PDE model by applying the method of gray relational analysis with programming languages. Final results show that the new PDE model is very effective for the car safety seat designers to solve the complex problems of ergonomic comfort. Therefore, the new model can provide designers a scientific method supporting decisions on the new product design of child car seats. Some suggestions by using this model for the reference of future researchers are also provided.
Direct Attacks Using Fake Images in Iris Verification
Authors: Virginia Ruiz-Albacete, Pedro Tome-Gonzalez, Fernando Alonso-Fernandez, Javier Galbally, Julian Fierrez, Javier Ortega-Garcia
Venue: Biometrics and Identity Management: First European Workshop, BIOID 2008, Roskilde, Denmark, May 7-9, 2008. Revised Selected Papers (2008)

In this contribution, the vulnerabilities of iris-based recognition systems to direct attacks are studied. A database of fake iris images has been created from real iris of the BioSec baseline database. Iris images are printed using a commercial printer and then, presented at the iris sensor. We use for our experiments a publicly available iris recognition system, which some modifications to improve the iris segmentation step. Based on results achieved on different operational scenarios, we show that the system is vulnerable to direct attacks, pointing out the importance of having countermeasures against this type of fraudulent actions.
Intensity surface stretching technique for contrast enhancement of digital photography
Authors: Do-Hyeon Kim, Eui-Young Cha
Venue: Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing (2009)

In this paper we propose a contrast enhancement technique which stretches the intensity surfaces of an image to improve the quality of a digital photo. The proposed method enhances the contrast of an image by stretching the intensity surface of the original image to the maximum range of the output image. This is done in proportion to the distances between the original intensity surface, and the upper and lower intensity surfaces respectively. The upper and lower intensity surfaces are generated adaptively from the original intensity surface by gaussian smoothing and gamma transform. In our experiments, digital color images in a variety of illumination conditions were used, and the proposed method was compared with other algorithms such as histogram stretching, histogram equalization, gamma correction, and retinex. From the results of the experiments, it was proven that the proposed algorithm further enhanced the contrast more than other methods and resulted in a more natural image without deterioration of gradation.
Comparing two systems: beyond common random numbers
Authors: Samuel M. T. Ehrlichman, Shane G. Henderson
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Winter Simulation (2008)

Suppose one wishes to compare two closely related systems via stochastic simulation. Common random numbers (CRN) involves using the same streams of uniform random variates as inputs for both systems to sharpen the comparison. One can view CRN as a particular choice of copula that gives the joint distribution of the inputs of both systems. We discuss the possibility of using more general copulae, including simple examples that show how this can outperform CRN.
Scheduling ?-Critical Tasks in mixed-parallel applications on a national grid
Authors: Frederic Suter
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Grid Computing (2007)

Mixed-parallel applications can take advantage of large-scale computing platforms but scheduling them efficiently on such platforms is challenging. When relying on classic listscheduling algorithms, the issue of independent and selfish task allocation determination may arise. Indeed the allocation of the most critical task may lead to poor allocations for subsequent tasks. In this paper we propose a new mixed-parallel scheduling heuristic that takes into account that several tasks may have almost the same level of criticality during the allocation process. We then perform a comparison of this heuristic with other algorithms in simulation over a wide range of application and on platform conditions. We find that our heuristic achieves better performance in terms of schedule length, speedup and degradation from best.
Application Research of Design Patterns in Virtual Trade Platform
Authors: QingSheng Wang, Wen Gao, YueQin Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Second International Workshop on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (2009)

Shanxi Coal Transportation and Marketing Group Limited has abundant coal and infrastructure network resources, maturity the highway system of coal transportation. The construction of virtual trade platform can share resources, accelerate the circulation speed of resources, reduce business costs, and improve business efficiency. The paper applies design pattern to virtual trade platform. The system has the advantage of strong scalability and maintainability, easy to develop and support multiple types of user interface.
Java EE 5 Development with NetBeans 6
Authors: David Heffelfinger
Venue:  (2008)

This book shows you how to use NetBeans functionality to automate many of the tedious or repetitive tasks frequently encountered when developing enterprise Java applications, freeing up the developer to focus on the business logic specific parts of the application. The book is aimed at Java developers who wish to develop Java EE applications while taking advantage of NetBeans functionality to automate repetitive tasks and to ease their software development efforts. Familiarity with Java EE is not assumed.
Chaos and Graphics: The attractor-wrapping approach to approximating convex hulls of 2D affine IFS attractors
Authors: Tomasz Martyn
Venue: Computers and Graphics (2009)

We present an algorithm for approximating convex hulls of affine iterated function system (IFS) attractors in R^2 at any accuracy required. The algorithm is based on the gift-wrapping technique. However, in order to make the computation efficient and with low memory requirements, we take advantage of self-similarity of IFS attractors. To accomplish this we engage the adaptive-cut approach in the process of the convex hull computation. In effect, the convex hull of an IFS attractor is approximated efficiently (our algorithm appears to run in expected O(hN) time) with the guaranteed O(logN) storage, where h is the number of the approximate hull vertices, and N is the number of points of an @e-approximation of the attractor. Since the convex hull is the most ubiquitous structure in computational geometry, our algorithm opens the door to solving many geometrical problems concerning IFS attractors. As instances of possible applications in computer graphics we show how to compute the diameter of an IFS attractor and the smallest oriented rectangle to bound the attractor.
A correctness criterion for schema dominance centred on the notion of 'information carrying'
Authors: Junkang Feng, Kaibo Xu
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd WSEAS international conference on Computer engineering and applications (2009)

In systems development and integration, whether the instances of a data schema may be recovered from those of another is a question that may be seen profound. This is because if this is the case, one system is dominated and therefore can be replaced by another without losing the capacity of the systems in providing information, which constitutes a correctness criterion for schema dominance. And yet, this problem does not seem to have been well investigated. In this paper we shed some light on it. In the literature, works that are closest to this problem are based upon the notion of 'relevant information capacity', which is concerned with whether one schema may replace another without losing the capacity of the system in storing the same data instances. We observe that the rational of such an approach is over intuitive (even though the techniques involved are sophisticated) and we reveal that it is the phenomenon that one or more instances of a schema can tell us truly what an instance of another schema is that underpins a convincing answer to this question. This is a matter of one thing carrying information about another. Conventional information theoretic approaches are based upon the notion of entropy and the preservation of it. We observe that schema instance recovery requires looking at much more detailed levels of informational relationships than that, namely random events and particulars of random events.
Multimorphing: A tool for shape synthesis and analysis
Authors: Jindřich Parus, Ivana Kolingerová, Martina Málková
Venue: Advances in Engineering Software (2009)

Morphing is a shape transformation where the shape of one object is deformed to the shape of the other object. It is used as an animation or a modeling technique. Classical morphing operates between two input objects but this concept can be extended to multiple input objects - the so called multimorphing. Shapes generated by the multimorphing form a space of shapes motivated by an affine space. Besides the analogy with an affine space we also introduce an inner product and a concept of an orthogonal projection. We also show how to explore space of shapes and how to systematically generate new shapes. The paper focuses on the boundary representation, although some ideas are more general and can be used for other representations, too.
Seeing the Objects Behind the Dots: Recognition in Videos from a Moving Camera
Authors: Björn Ommer, Theodor Mader, Joachim M. Buhmann
Venue: International Journal of Computer Vision (2009)

Category-level object recognition, segmentation, and tracking in videos becomes highly challenging when applied to sequences from a hand-held camera that features extensive motion and zooming. An additional challenge is then to develop a fully automatic video analysis system that works without manual initialization of a tracker or other human intervention, both during training and during recognition, despite background clutter and other distracting objects. Moreover, our working hypothesis states that category-level recognition is possible based only on an erratic, flickering pattern of interest point locations without extracting additional features. Compositions of these points are then tracked individually by estimating a parametric motion model. Groups of compositions segment a video frame into the various objects that are present and into background clutter. Objects can then be recognized and tracked based on the motion of their compositions and on the shape they form. Finally, the combination of this flow-based representation with an appearance-based one is investigated. Besides evaluating the approach on a challenging video categorization database with significant camera motion and clutter, we also demonstrate that it generalizes to action recognition in a natural way.
The Valve Location Problem in Simple Network Topologies
Authors: Hans L. Bodlaender, Alexander Grigoriev, Nadejda V. Grigorieva, Albert Hendriks
Venue: Graph-Theoretic Concepts in Computer Science: 34th International Workshop, WG 2008, Durham, UK, June 30 --- July 2, 2008. Revised Papers (2008)

To control possible spills in liquid or gas transporting pipe systems, the systems are usually equipped with shutoff valves. In case of an accidental leak these valves separate the system into a number of pieces limiting the spill effect. In this paper, we consider the problem, for a given edge-weighted network representing a pipe system and for a given number of valves, to place the valves in the network in such a way that the maximum possible spill, i.e. the maximum total weight of a piece, is minimized. We show that the problem is NP-hard even if restricted to any of the following settings: (i) for series-parallel graphs and hence for graphs of treewidth two; (ii) if all edge weights equal one. If the network is a simple path, a cycle, or a tree, the problem can be solved in polynomial time. We also give a pseudo-polynomial time algorithm and a fully polynomial approximation scheme for networks of bounded treewidth.
Touch to access the mobile internet
Authors: Minna Isomursu, Pekka Isomursu, Mervi Komulainen-Horneman
Venue: Proceedings of the 20th Australasian Conference on Computer-Human Interaction: Designing for Habitus and Habitat (2008)

This paper presents findings from a series of field trials, where Near Field Communication (NFC) tags were used for providing users an access to Mobile Internet content with NFC enabled mobile phones in a city setting. The field trials were arranged in the city of Oulu at the end of year 2007. Use statistics and user experience were collected from more than 180 users who used NFC enabled mobile phones to access Mobile Internet content by touching NFC tags embedded in the environment. The findings indicate that the users found the touch-based mobile content access easy to use. However, details such as the placement of the tags or static/dynamic nature of the content had a clear impact on the user behaviour and perceived quality. Based on these findings, we have identified a set of design principles that work as guidelines for the designers and researchers developing NFC applications.
Semidefinite programming versus the reformulation-linearization technique for nonconvex quadratically constrained quadratic programming
Authors: Kurt M. Anstreicher
Venue: Journal of Global Optimization (2009)

We consider relaxations for nonconvex quadratically constrained quadratic programming (QCQP) based on semidefinite programming (SDP) and the reformulation-linearization technique (RLT). From a theoretical standpoint we show that the addition of a semidefiniteness condition removes a substantial portion of the feasible region corresponding to product terms in the RLT relaxation. On test problems we show that the use of SDP and RLT constraints together can produce bounds that are substantially better than either technique used alone. For highly symmetric problems we also consider the effect of symmetry-breaking based on tightened bounds on variables and/or order constraints.
Weaving security aspects into UML 2.0 design models
Authors: Djedjiga Mouheb, Chamseddine Talhi, Vitor Lima, Mourad Debbabi, Lingyu Wang, Makan Pourzandi
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th workshop on Aspect-oriented modeling (2009)

Security plays a predominant role in software engineering. Nowadays, security solutions are generally added to existing software either as an afterthought, or manually injected into software applications. However, given the complexity and pervasiveness of today's software systems, the current practices might not be completely satisfactory. In most cases, security features remain scattered and tangled throughout the entire software, resulting in complex applications that are hard to understand and maintain. In this paper, we propose an aspect-oriented modeling approach to systematically integrate security solutions into software during the early phases of the software development life cycle. First, we present the security design weaving approach, as well as the UML profile needed for specifying security aspects. Then, we illustrate the approach through an example for injecting the design-level security aspects into base models.
Reinforcement-learning agents with different temperature parameters explain the variety of human action-selection behavior in a Markov decision process task
Authors: Fumihiko Ishida, Takahiro Sasaki, Yutaka Sakaguchi, Hiroyuki Shimai
Venue: Neurocomputing (2009)

We investigated the characteristics of the human action-selection in performing a Markov decision process (MDP) task, and compared them to those of reinforcement-learning (RL) agents. The behavior of human participants was roughly classified into two qualitatively different types. On the other hand, surprisingly, the variety of human behavior could be explained simply by a single parameter of the degree of randomness (i.e., the temperature parameter) in the action-selection rules of the RL agents. This result implies that the various behaviors of human action-selection may be determined by a simple mechanism in the brain.
All Digital Phase Detection and Tracking Method to Subdivide the Grating Moiré Fringe Signal
Authors: Li Chang, Hui Xu, Yinggang Zhou, Jinjie Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Asia Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics (2009)

In order to improve the subdivision precision and speed of grating moiré fringe and meet the nanometer measurement requirement of grating displacement, the paper studies a new phase detection method that is the core technology of the classical phase-locked subdivision method and phase detection subdivision method. First, the output signal of grating sensor modulates the phase of the high frequency carrier wave signal, then, the new type system carries out real-time phase detection and tracking between the modulated carrier wave signal and carrier wave signal in every period, which assures the real-time feature and precision of phase detection. It can also discriminate the displacement direction according to the period relation of modulated carrier wave signal and carrier wave signal. All digital circuits are realized in FPGA. The method can improve the discrimination precision and remove the influence of carrier wave signal quality. Experiments prove that the system owns high anti-jamming ability, high tracking speed and high metrical precision.
Modelling and simulation of team effectiveness emerged from member-task interaction
Authors: Shengping Dong, Bin Hu, Jiang Wu
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Winter Simulation (2008)

A team's task process consists of allocation, processing and evaluation of a series of tasks. Team effectiveness emerges from interactions among team members. The interactions between the task process and members occur when team allocates and processes tasks. To address the effect of the interaction on team effectiveness, Multi-agent based modelling and simulation is utilized to develop a multi-agent model of team's task process, in which we put forward member relation degree and member-task matching degree to describe the social relations existing in a team and how members' competence match with tasks' demands respectively. We implement the model by Repast J and conduct experiments to validate the model using face validation technique in an actual Chinese team. The implication of the model to the team is discussed and some suggestions are offered. The conclusion is given at last.
Enhanced SIP for Reducing IMS Delay under WiFi-to-UMTS Handover Scenario
Authors: Hoyeon Lee, Bongkyo Moon, A. H. Aghvami
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 The Second International Conference on Next Generation Mobile Applications, Services, and Technologies (2008)

After acquiring a new Internet Protocol (IP) address due to a vertical handover, IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) subscriber has to send Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) messages for registration and session setup to keep an ongoing session. In this paper, we call this registration and session setup delay 'IMS delay.' We show that the IMS delay is unacceptable for supporting real-time applications in vertical handover from Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) to Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). To reduce the IMS delay in case of moving to UMTS from WiFi, we propose an enhanced SIP that makes it possible to apply make-before-break handover scheme under IMS. Using the proposed enhanced SIP, SIP messages are sent via WiFi interface before breaking WiFi connection. We define two new headers in SIP and how these new headers work. Numerical results show that the minimum IMS delay with traditional SIP is 0.609936s whilst the maximum IMS delay with enhanced SIP is 11.666ms.
Formal development of a washing machine controller model based on formal design patterns
Authors: Xin Ben Li, Feng Xia Zhao
Venue: WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on SYSTEMS (2008)

Formal methods approach to software construction can significantly increase the reliability and correctness of the resulting software. Formal methods users are given sophisticated languages and tools for constructing software models, but they often lack some systematic methodological measures to help. Formal design patterns can help formal methods users speed up the development process by re-using and incorporating some pre-defined proved and refined models, as design patterns do in object-oriented software. Some formal design patterns are presented and applied to the development of a washing machine controller model in Event-B that is a formal method for modeling and reasoning about complex discrete system.
A Photonic Frequency Up-Converter Based on Nonlinear Polarization Rotation of an SOA for WDM Radio-Over-Fiber Systems
Authors: Songnian Fu, P. Shum
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 WRI International Conference on Communications and Mobile Computing - Volume 02 (2009)

A photonic frequency up-conversion scheme based on the nonlinear polarization rotation (NPR) arising in a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) for wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) signals is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Error-free simultaneous up-conversion of 4&times;2.5 Gbps WDM baseband channels with a 20-GHz local oscillator (LO) signal is experientially achieved in the whole C-band. Then the WDM up-converted signals are successfully transmitted over 20km of single-mode fiber (SMF) with less than 0.8 dB power penalty. Both the radio frequency (RF) spectrum and the bit-error-ratio (BER) performance after electrical down-conversion have shown low distortion induced by the optical mixing process.
Techno-Economic Modeling of Post-Payment Copyrights
Authors: Mikko V. J. Heikkinen, Heikki Kokkinen
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Third International Conference on Digital Society (2009)

A post-payment copyright system is used to legalize copyrighted music files which user has obtained illegally. We compare a post-payment copyright system to an online music shop by analyzing three scenarios using techno-economic modeling and risk analysis. According to our analysis, a post-payment copyright system is potentially a more profitable business than an online shop when no media replacement is required. Our research is a continuation to the trend of studies suggesting peer-to-peer networks as a part of a viable business model for media distribution.