ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Semantic Evaluation Services for Web-Based Exercises
Authors: George Goguadze
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Advances in Web Based Learning (2009)

ActiveMath is a Web-based intelligent learning environment for mathematics. One of the major components of ActiveMath is a subsystem for interactive exercises. In order to allow for intelligent diagnosis of learner's answer in an exercise step ActiveMath remotely connects to external mathematical reasoning services. This diagnosis is used for instant updating of the Learner Model of ActiveMath with the current mastery values of the learner w.r.t. the domain concepts he learns as well as it serves as a basis for providing adaptive feedback to the student. We describe the framework of semantic evaluation services of ActiveMath, and the generic format for queries to such evaluation services which are specifically oriented to facilitate diagnosis and feedback generation in interactive exercises.
Study on the Relationship among Environment Cognition, Corporate Capability and Cooperation Performance in Service Outsourcing
Authors: Zhou Haiwei, Wang Xiquan
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 IITA International Conference on Services Science, Management and Engineering (2009)

The outsourcing has become the hot spot of the current applied economics strategic management study for the developing countries, especially China. However, its theory's construction is still in the fumble stage, and the basic construction survey question of competitive ability of contract has become the key whether outsourcing behavior study turns into academic question. This research will analyze the Jiangsu outsourcing business data, using the questionnaire survey method and the structural equation (SEM), and posed the initial model frame of the outsourcing enterprise based on the strategic network, according as the outsourcing environment cognition become the middle variable between business capability and collaboration performance of outsourcing. Then we drew the conclusion that the government and social environment have the decisive effect on building outsourcing commercial ecology.
Creating discussion threads graphs with Anagora
Authors: Emmanuel Giguet, Nadine Lucas
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Computer supported collaborative learning - Volume 1 (2009)

We present Anagora, a graphic tool tracing discussion threads along a time axis. Anagora displays overlapping discussion threads over time on a single screen. Its special feature is to calculate the best resolution for a forum to fit on a screen by choosing the most appropriate time scale. Anagora is used to generate views of fora or forum thumbnails. Several discussion fora coming from e-learning platforms illustrate how Anagora is used by tutors and moderators to monitor students' collaborative work.
Adaptive Foreground/Background Segmentation Using Multiview Silhouette Fusion
Authors: Tobias Feldmann, Lars Dießelberg, Annika Wörner
Venue: Proceedings of the 31st DAGM Symposium on Pattern Recognition (2009)

We present a novel approach for adaptive foreground/background segmentation in non-static environments using multiview silhouette fusion. Our focus is on coping with moving objects in the background and influences of lighting conditions. It is shown, that by integrating 3d scene information, background motion can be compensated to achieve a better segmentation and a less error prone 3d reconstruction of the foreground. The proposed algorithm is based on a closed loop idea of segmentation and 3d reconstruction in form of a low level vision feedback system. The functionality of our approach is evaluated on two different data sets in this paper and the benefits of our algorithm are finally shown based on a quantitative error analysis.
Experiments with Proximity-Aware Scoring for XML Retrieval at INEX 2008
Authors: Andreas Broschart, Ralf Schenkel, Martin Theobald
Venue: Advances in Focused Retrieval: 7th International Workshop of the Initiative for the Evaluation of XML Retrieval, INEX 2008, Dagstuhl Castle, Germany, December 15-18, 2008. Revised and Selected Papers (2009)

Proximity enhanced scoring models significantly improve retrieval quality in text retrieval. For XML IR, we can sometimes enhance the retrieval efficacy by exploiting knowledge about the document structure combined with established text IR methods. This paper elaborates on our approach used for INEX 2008 which modifies a proximity scoring model from text retrieval for usage in XML IR and extends it by taking the document structure information into account.
Data Discovery and Related Factors of Documents on the Web and the Network
Authors: Hyun-Joo Moon, Sae-Hun Yeom, Jongmyung Choi, Chae-Woo Yoo
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Science and Its Applications: Part I (2009)

On the Web and network environments, fast and precise data transmission is the most essential part, and many additional elements should be supported for this. Data discovery is one of the elements. This paper focuses on data discovery strategies, especially on the main factors related to the discovery strategies for Markup data, which takes considerable amount of Web and network data. For the evaluation, we declared the factors and simulated the factors on our data discovery system to show how much they effect for the performance.
Low Cost Softswitch Using SIP Protocol
Authors: Abdul Wahab, Sevki Erdogan
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 First International Conference on Advances in Future Internet (2009)

Softswitch is a solution to many modern day Internet telephone networks and switching for routing problems. Softswitch can handle many types of calls, such as PC-to-PC, PC-to-phone, SMS, MMS and many others. Besides, it can deploy different types of applications and services for each call connection. The types of calls supported depend on the design and scope of the softswitch framework. In this paper, a low cost softswitch solution is proposed and developed based on the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP). PC-to-PC calls are examined and text to speech conversion is employed to test the softswitch.
Semantic inference at the lexical-syntactic level
Authors: Roy Bar-Haim, Ido Dagan, Iddo Greental, Eyal Shnarch
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1 (2007)

Semantic inference is an important component in many natural language understanding applications. Classical approaches to semantic inference rely on complex logical representations. However, practical applications usually adopt shallower lexical or lexical-syntactic representations, but lack a principled inference framework. We propose a generic semantic inference framework that operates directly on syntactic trees. New trees are infened by applying entailment rules, which provide a unified representation for varying types of inferences. Rules were generated by manual and automatic methods, Covering generic linguistic structures as well as specific lexical-based inferences. Initial empirical evaluation in a Relation Extraction setting supports the validity of our approach.
Probabilistically Checkable Arguments
Authors: Yael Tauman Kalai, Ran Raz
Venue: Proceedings of the 29th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology (2009)

We give a general reduction that converts any public-coin interactive proof into a one-round (two-message) argument. The reduction relies on a method proposed by Aiello et al. [1], of using a Private-Information-Retrieval (PIR) scheme to collapse rounds in interactive protocols. For example, the reduction implies that for any security parameter t, the membership in any language in PSPACE can be proved by a one-round (two-message) argument of size poly(n,t), which is sound for malicious provers of size 2 t . (Note that the honest prover in this construction runs in exponential time, since she has to prove membership in PSPACE, but we can choose t such that 2 t is significantly larger than the running time of the honest prover).A probabilistically checkable argument (PCA) is a relaxation of the notion of probabilistically checkable proof (PCP). It is defined analogously to PCP, except that the soundness property is required to hold only computationally. We consider the model where the argument is of one round (two-message), where the verifier's message depends only on his (private) randomness. We show that for membership in many NP languages, there are PCAs (with efficient honest provers) that are of size polynomial in the size of the witness. This compares to the best PCPs that are of size polynomial in the size of the instance (that may be significantly larger). The number of queries to these PCAs is poly-logarithmic.The soundness property, in all our results, relies on exponential hardness assumptions for PIR schemes.
Mobile Peer to Peer (P2P): A Tutorial Guide
Authors: Frank H.P. Fitzek, Hassan Charaf
Venue:  (2009)

Explore the potential of mobile P2P networks Mobile Peer to Peer (P2P): A Tutorial Guide discusses the potential of wireless communication among mobile devices forming mobile peer to peer networks. This book provides the basic programming skills required to set up wireless communication links between mobile devices, offering a guide to the development process of mobile peer to peer networks. Divided into three sections, Part I briefly introduces the basics of wireless technologies, mobile architectures, and communication protocols. Detailed descriptions of Bluetooth, IEEE802.11, and cellular communication link are given and applied to potential communication architectures. Part II focuses on programming for individual wireless technologies, and gives an understanding of the programming environment for individual wireless technologies. In addition, Part III provides advanced examples for mobile peer to peer networks. Introduces the basics of short-range/wireless technologies (such as Bluetooth and IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN), mobile architectures, and communication protocols Explains the basic programming environment and the basic wireless communication technologies such as Bluetooth, WiFi (IEEE802.11), and cellular communication examples Discusses the advancements in meshed networks, mobile social networks and cooperative networks Provides detailed examples of mobile peer to peer communication including, social mobile networking, cooperative wireless networking, network coding, and mobile gaming Includes an accompanying website containing programming examples as source code Mobile Peer to Peer (P2P): A Tutorial Guideis an invaluable reference for advanced students on wireless/mobile communications courses, and researchers in various areas of mobile communications (mashups, social mobile networks, network coding, etc.) Undergraduate students and practitioners wishing to learn how to build mobile peer to peer networks will also find this book of interest.
Probabilistic Ranking in Uncertain Vector Spaces
Authors: Thomas Bernecker, Hans-Peter Kriegel, Matthias Renz, Andreas Zuefle
Venue: Database Systems for Advanced Applications: DASFAA 2009 International Workshops: BenchmarX, MCIS, WDPP, PPDA, MBC, PhD, Brisbane, Australia, April 20 - 23, 2009 (2009)

In many application domains, e.g. sensor databases, traffic management or recognition systems, objects have to be compared based on positionally and existentially uncertain data. Feature databases with uncertain data require special methods for effective similarity search. In this paper, we propose a probabilistic similarity ranking algorithm which computes the results dynamically based on the complete information given by inexact object representations. Hence, this can be performed in an effective and efficient way. We assume that the objects are given by a set of points in a vector space with confidence values following the discrete uncertainty model. Based on this representation, we introduce a probabilistic ranking algorithm that is able to reduce significantly the computational complexity of the computation of the probability that an object is at a certain ranking position. In a detailed experimental evaluation, we demonstrate the benefits of this approach compared to several competitors. The experiments show that, in addition to the gain of efficiency, we can achieve convenient query results of high quality.
Artificial Intelligence Applications and Innovations: Proceedings of the 5th IFIP Conference on Artificial Intelligence Applications and Innovations, 1st edition
Authors: Lazaros Iliadis, Ilias Maglogiannis, Grigorios Tsoumakis, Ioannis Vlahavas, Max Bramer
Venue:  (2009)

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings ofthe 5th IFIP Artificial Intelligence Innovations and Applications Conference held in Thessaloniki, Greece. The IFIP series publishes state-of-the-art results in the sciences and technologies of information and communication. The scope of the series includes: foundations of computer science; software theory and practice; education; computer applications in technology; communication systems; systems modeling and optimization; information systems; computers and society; computer systems technology; security and protection in information processing systems; artificial intelligence; and human-computer interaction. Proceedings and post-proceedings of refereed international conferences in computer science and interdisciplinary fields are featured. These results often precede journal publication and represent the most current research. The principal aim of the IFIP series is to encourage education and the dissemination and exchange of information about all aspects of computing.
Semi-supervised learning for semantic parsing using support vector machines
Authors: Rohit J. Kate, Raymond J. Mooney
Venue: Human Language Technologies 2007: The Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics; Companion Volume, Short Papers on XX (2007)

We present a method for utilizing unan-notated sentences to improve a semantic parser which maps natural language (NL) sentences into their formal meaning representations (MRs). Given NL sentences annotated with their MRs, the initial supervised semantic parser learns the mapping by training Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifiers for every production in the MR grammar. Our new method applies the learned semantic parser to the unannotated sentences and collects unla-beled examples which are then used to retrain the classifiers using a variant of transductive SVMs. Experimental results show the improvements obtained over the purely supervised parser, particularly when the annotated training set is small.
Finding Clothing That Fit through Cluster Analysis and Objective Interestingness Measures
Authors: Isis Peña, Herna L. Viktor, Eric Paquet
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Data Warehousing and Knowledge Discovery (2009)

Clothes should fit consumers well, be aesthetically pleasing and comfortable. However, repeated studies of customers' levels of satisfaction indicate that this is often not the case. For example, more robust males often find it difficult to find pants that are the correct length and fit their waists well. What, then, are the typical body profiles of the population? Would it be possible to identify the measurements that are of importance for different sizes and genders? Furthermore, assuming that we have access to an anthropometric database would there be a way to guide the data mining process to discover only those relevant body measurements that are of the most interest for apparel designers? This paper describes our results when addressing these questions through cluster analysis and interestingness measures-based feature selection. We explore a database containing anthropometric measurements as well as 3-D body scans, of a representative sample of the Dutch population.
3D Real-Time Representation of Sociocultural Features Based on Vector-Raster Data Integration ModelNOTE FROM ACM: It has been determined that the authors of this article plagiarized the contents from a previously published paper. Therefore ACM has shut off access to this paper.
Authors: Cao Xuefeng, Wan Gang, Li Feng
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Forum on Information Technology and Applications - Volume 03 (2009)

NOTE FROM ACM: It has been determined that the authors of this article plagiarized the contents from a previously published paper. Therefore ACM has shut off access to this paper. To see the paper that was plagiarized, click here
Proof verbalization as an application of NLG
Authors: Xiaorong Huang, Armin Fiedler
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifteenth international joint conference on Artifical intelligence - Volume 2 (1997)

This paper describes the linguistic part of a system called PROVERB, which transforms, abstracts, and verbalizes machine-found proofs into formated texts. Linguistically, the architecture of PROVERB follows most application oriented systems, and is a pipe-lined control of three components. Its macroplanner linearizes a proof and plans mediating communicative acts by employing a combination of hierarchical planning and focus-guided navigation. The microplanner then maps communicative acts and domain concepts into linguistic resources, paraphrases and aggregates such resources to produce the final Text Structure. A Text Structure contains all necessary syntactic information, and can be executed by our realizer into grammatical sentences. The system works fully automatically and performs particularly well for textbook size examples.
Model-Based Design of Multi-device Interactive Applications Based on Web Services
Authors: Fabio Paternò, Carmen Santoro, Lucio Davide Spano
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th IFIP TC 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Part I (2009)

Creating an interactive application based on pre-existing functionalities poses a number of novel issues in the design process. We discuss a method and an associated model-based language, which aim to address such issues in multi-device contexts. One specific aspect of this method is the ability to obtain user interfaces for accessing multiple services. In addition, the possibility to specify interactive objects, Web services accesses and scripts allows designers to describe Rich Internet Applications as well.
A UCD Approach towards the Design, Development and Assessment of Accessible Applications in a Large Scale European Integrated Project
Authors: Karel Isacker, Karin Slegers, Maria Gemou, Evangelos Bekiaris
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Addressing Diversity. Part I: Held as Part of HCI International 2009 (2009)

ÆGIS (Open Accessibility Everywhere: Groundwork, Infrastructure, Standards) is a user-centred project, involving several user groups (users with visual, hearing, motion, speech and cognitive impairments as well as application developers) throughout the design, development and assessment phases. In this paper the holistic UCD (User Centred Design) approach of the project is introduced. This approach ensures that the project's objectives to determine whether 3rd generation access techniques will provide a more accessible, more exploitable and deeply embeddable approach in mainstream ICT applications (desktop, rich Internet and mobile applications) are met, with the full support and involvement of a huge end-user group in every single step of the design, development and deployment of accessible mainstream ICT.
Interactive annotation learning with indirect feature voting
Authors: Shilpa Arora, Eric Nyberg
Venue: Proceedings of Human Language Technologies: The 2009 Annual Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Companion Volume: Student Research Workshop and Doctoral Consortium (2009)

We demonstrate that a supervised annotation learning approach using structured features derived from tokens and prior annotations performs better than a bag of words approach. We present a general graph representation for automatically deriving these features from labeled data. Automatic feature selection based on class association scores requires a large amount of labeled data and direct voting can be difficult and error-prone for structured features, even for language specialists. We show that highlighted rationales from the user can be used for indirect feature voting and same performance can be achieved with less labeled data. We present our results on two annotation learning tasks for opinion mining from product and movie reviews.
A Novel Recognition Approach for Sketch-Based Interfaces
Authors: Danilo Avola, Andrea Buono, Giorgio Gianforme, Stefano Paolozzi
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing (2009)

Multimodal interfaces can be profitably used to support the more and more complex applications and services which support human activities in everyday life. In particular, sketch-based interfaces offer users an effortless and powerful communication way to represent concepts and/or commands on different devices. Developing a sketch-based interface for a specific application or service is a time-consuming operation that requires the re-engineering and/or the re-designing of the whole recognizer framework. This paper describes a definitive framework that allows users to define each kind of sketch-based interface, using freehand drawing only. The definition of the interface and its recognition process are performed using our developed Sketch Modeling Language (SketchML).
Study on Private Equity Investment Risk Avoiding Base on Principle-Agent
Authors: Xu-bo Zhang, Chengbo Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 IITA International Conference on Services Science, Management and Engineering (2009)

This paper analyzed the asymmetric information between private equity firm and entrepreneurs. uses the approaches and models of game theory to analyze principal-agent problem between private equity firm and entrepreneurs. Find the higher risk aversion attitude will lead to lower incentive intensity to entrepreneurs under the fixed distribution proportion. The return of private equity firm is the decreasing function of portfolio firm entrepreneurial risk aversion attitude. The lower entrepreneurial risk aversion attitude will lead to higher return to private equity firm. The return of private equity firm also is impacted by environment. The greater volatility of environment factors will lead to lower return to private equity firm.
From text to exhibitions: a new approach for E-learning on language and literature based on text mining
Authors: Qiaozhu Mei, Jungeng Hu
Venue: Proceedings of the Workshop on eLearning for Computational Linguistics and Computational Linguistics for eLearning (2004)

Unlike many well established approaches for E-Learning on science fields, there isn't a commonly accepted approach of E-Learning on humanities fields, especially language and literature. Because the knowledge on language and literature depends too much on texts, advanced text processing has become a bottleneck for E-Learning on these domains. In traditional learning frameworks learners would easily get boring with mass pure texts. This article introduces a new approach for E-Learning on language and literature, by intelligently extracting real or virtual objects from texts and integrating them as exhibitions in a digital museum system. This article also discussed how to generate exhibitions from texts with computational linguistics methods as well as how this E-Learning framework pushes the research of computational linguistics. The discussion of E-Learning by Digital Museum is based on the design of Digital Museum of Chinese Ancient Poetry, by Peking University.