ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Recovering metabolic pathways via optimization
Authors: John E. Beasley, Francisco J. Planes
Venue: Bioinformatics (2007)

Motivation: A metabolic pathway is a coherent set of enzyme catalysed biochemical reactions by which a living organism transforms an initial (source) compound into a final (target) compound. Some of the different metabolic pathways adopted within organisms have been experimentally determined. In this paper, we show that a number of experimentally determined metabolic pathways can be recovered by a mathematical optimization model. Contact: john.beasley@brunel.ac.uk
Early-stage practicalities of implementing computer aided education: Experience from India
Authors: Joyojeet Pal
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE International Workshop on Technology for Education in Developing Countries (2006)

Projects reaching computers to low-income areas to bring some form of technology equity have been in effect since the 1980s. Such initiatives have tended to assume a developmental motivation in the endeavor, especially in poor nations. Investment in such ICTD projects has risen out of a growing faith among state and private agencies that knowledge of computing is an important link in the human development, and that early introduction has important long-term dividends. In this paper, we look at free computing in public schools in rural India. Observing patterns that signify "success" at both the communal and individual levels, this study proposes a framework for studying computer aided learning projects in low-income schools, and raises questions about learning and project organization that researchers in ICT in education may look at for hypotheses generation.
Modulated 2 dimensional perfect reconstruction FIR filter banks with permissible passbands
Authors: M. Ikehara
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1995. on International Conference - Volume 02 (1995)

In this paper, the author considers the theory of modulated 2 dimensional (2-D) perfect reconstruction (PR) filter banks with permissible passbands. At first, the author designs a 2-D complex digital filter with half passband obtained by the sampling matrix. Next, 2-D analysis filter banks are realized by modulating this prototype 2-D complex digital filter and by taking the real part of the output. It is also shown that the modulation in the 2-D frequency plane is equivalent to a 1-D DFT. A necessary and sufficient condition for 2-D perfect reconstruction filter banks is derived. Finally, some examples are shown.
Enabling intelligent B-to-B eCommerce supply chain management using RFID and the EPC network: a case study in the retail industry
Authors: Samuel Fosso Wamba, Louis A. Lefebvre, Elisabeth Lefebvre
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Electronic commerce: The new e-commerce: innovations for conquering current barriers, obstacles and limitations to conducting successful business on the internet (2006)

This article provides some insights into RFID technology and the EPC Network and investigates their potential for B-to-B eCommerce supply chain management. Based on empirical data gathered from four tightly interrelated firms from three layers of a supply chain, several scenarios integrating RFID and the EPC Network have been tested and evaluated. In the context of warehousing activities in one specific retail supply chain, the results indicate that i) the business process approach seems quite appropriate to capture the real potential of RFID and the EPC Network; ii) RFID technology and the EPC Network can improve the "shipping" and the "receiving" processes; iii) they can automatically trigger some business processes; iv) they foster a higher level of information sharing between supply chain members; and v) they promote the emergence of new business processes such as "process-to-process," "process-to-machine," and "machine-to-machine." The paper helps to improve our understanding of the real potential of RFID and the EPC Network for business processes.
Color image segmentation using density-based clustering
Authors: Qixiang Ye, Wen Gao, Wei Zeng
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 International Conference on Multimedia and Expo - Volume 1 (2003)

Color image segmentation is an important but still open problem in image processing. In this paper, we propose a method for this problem by integrating the spatial connectivity and color feature of the pixels. Considering that an image can be regarded as a dataset in which each pixel has a spatial location and a color value, color image segmentation can be obtained by clustering these pixels into different groups of coherent spatial connectivity and color. To discover the spatial connectivity of the pixels, density-based clustering is employed, which is an effective clustering method used in data mining for discovering spatial databases. Color similarity of the pixels is measured in Munsell (HVC) color space whose perceptual uniformity ensures the color change in the segmented regions is smooth in terms of human perception. Experimental results using proposed method demonstrate encouraging performance.
Power-efficient instruction delivery through trace reuse
Authors: Chengmo Yang, Alex Orailoglu
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Parallel architectures and compilation techniques (2006)

As power dissipation inexorably becomes the major bottleneck in system integration and reliability, the front-end instruction delivery path in a traditional out-of-order superscalar processor needs to deliver high application performance in an energy-effective manner. This challenge can be addressed by efficiently reusing the work of fetch and decode performed during preceding loop iterations and resident mostly within the processor itself. As a large percentage of the instructions currently under fetch have previously dispatched copies resident in the Reorder Buffer (ROB), in this paper we develop a mechanism to utilize the ROB as a storage location for previously decoded instructions. Thus instructions can be fed directly from the ROB into the rename and issue stages, enabling the gating off of the fetch and decode logic for large periods of time so as to deliver significant power savings. Power and performance criticality of the ROB requires an efficient reuse identification mechanism; we outline such a cost-efficient Reuse Identification Unit (RIU) which enables effective identification of the matches between the ROB entries and the instructions currently under fetch. Simulation results on both multimedia and SPEC 2000 benchmarks confirm that incorporating the proposed technique on traditional out-of-order superscalar processors results in not only a sight improvement in performance, but also significant savings in the overall system power dissipation, achieved within a limited hardware budget.
A decentralized model for multi-attribute negotiations
Authors: Guoming Lai, Katia Sycara, Cuihong Li
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Electronic commerce: The new e-commerce: innovations for conquering current barriers, obstacles and limitations to conducting successful business on the internet (2006)

This paper presents a decentralized model that allows self-interested agents to reach "win-win" agreements in a multi-attribute negotiation. The model is based on an alternating-offer protocol. In each period, the proposing agent is allowed to make a limited number of offers. The responding agent can choose the best offer or reject all of them. In the case of rejection, agents exchange their roles and the negotiation proceeds to the next period. To make counteroffers, an agent first uses the heuristic of choosing, on an indifference curve (or surface), the offer that is closest to the best offer made by the opponent in the previous period, and then taking this offer as the seed, chooses several other offers randomly in a specified neighborhood of this seed offer. Experimental results show that this model can make agents reach near Pareto optimal agreements in general situations where agents have complex preferences on the attributes and incomplete information. Moreover, different from other solutions for multi-attribute negotiations, this model does not require the presence of a mediator.
Application-level network emulation: the EmuSocket toolkit
Authors: M. Avvenuti, A. Vecchio
Venue: Journal of Network and Computer Applications (2006)

EmuSocket is a portable and flexible network emulator that can easily be configured to mimic the communication characteristics, in terms of bandwidth and delay, that occur with low-performance networks. The emulator works with Java applications by intercepting and perturbing application traffic at the socket API level. As traffic shaping takes place in the user-space by means of an instrumented socket implementation, using the toolkit does not require a modified interpreter. The way the emulator perturbs the communication preserves the TCP connection-oriented byte stream semantics.
The register function for t-ary trees
Authors: Michael Drmota, Helmut Prodinger
Venue: ACM Transactions on Algorithms (TALG) (2006)

For the register function for t-ary trees, recently introduced by Auber et al., we prove that the average is log4n &plus; O(1), if all such trees with n internal nodes are considered to be equally likely.This result remains true for rooted trees where the set of possible out-degrees is finite. Furthermore we obtain exponential tail estimates for the distribution of the register function. Thus, the distribution is highly concentrated around the mean value.
A Method of Biomimetic Pattern Recognition for Speaker Recognition
Authors: Bo Qian, Yanping Li, Limin Xu, Zhenmin Tang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 International Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia (2006)

A new method of speaker recognition based on Biomimetic Pattern Recognition and improved nearest neighbor method has been proposed. This new model based on "matter cognition" instead of "matter classification" in traditional statistical Pattern Recognition, which is closer to the function of human being. We experiment with the BPR by using improved nearest neighbor, which act through covering the high dimensional geometrical distribution of the sample class in the feature space. It is exciting that the recognition rate can achieve 100% in text-dependent test, and about 98.57% with 8.75% rejection rate and 1.43% error rate in text-independent test which shows that this method is efficient and practical.
Exogenous-loss aware traffic management in overlay networks toward global fairness
Authors: Mina Guirguis, Azer Bestavros, Ibrahim Matta
Venue: Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking (2006)

For a given TCP flow, exogenous losses are those occurring on links other than the flow's bottleneck link. Exogenous losses are typically viewed as introducing undesirable "noise" into TCP's feedback control loop, leading to inefficient network utilization and potentially severe global unfairness. This has prompted much research on mechanisms for hiding such losses from end-points. In this paper, we show that low levels of exogenous losses are surprisingly beneficial in that they improve stability and convergence, without sacrificing efficiency. Based on this, we argue that exogenous-loss awareness should be taken into account in overlay traffic management techniques that aim to achieve global fairness. To that end, we propose an eXogenous-loss aware Queue Management (XQM) approach that actively accounts for and leverages exogenous losses on overlay paths. We envision the incorporation of XQM functionality in Overlay Traffic Managers (OTMs). We use an equation based approach to derive the quiescent loss rate for a connection based on the connection's profile and its global fair share. In contrast to other techniques, XQM ensures that a connection sees its quiescent loss rate, not only by complementing already existing exogenous losses, but also by actively hiding exogenous losses, if necessary, to achieve global fairness. We establish the advantages of exogenous-loss-aware OTMs using extensive simulations in which we contrast the performance of XQM to that of a host of traditional exogenous-loss unaware techniques.
A coordinate-based approach for exploiting temporal-spatial diversity in wireless mesh networks
Authors: Hyuk Lim, Chaegwon Lim, Jennifer C. Hou
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking (2006)

In this paper, we consider the problem of mitigating interference and improving network capacity in wireless mesh networks from the angle of temporal-spatial diversity. In a nutshell, while the achievable throughput on a multihop wireless path is limited by intra-flow interference, the overall capacity of a multihop wireless network can be increased by exploiting temporal-spatial diversity of concurrent transmissions that exist among a number of wireless links. Connections that are routed along multihop wireless paths can be scheduled to take place simultaneously if their transmissions do not interfere with each other (significantly).To make a case of exploiting the temporal-spatial diversity to improve network capacity, we focus on transporting downstream traffic at gateway nodes with Internet access. We propose to construct, based on measurements of received signal strengths, a virtual coordinate system that is used to determine the sets of paths along which transmissions can take place with the least inter-flow interference. Based on the sets of non-interfering paths, the gateway node then determines the order with which a gateway node schedules frames of different connections to be transmitted. Through extensive simulation (with real-life measurement traces on an operational, city-wide wireless community network), we show that the downstream throughput of a gateway node in a wireless mesh network can be improved by 10-35% under a variety of network topologies and traffic distributions. This, coupled with the fact that the proposed approach requires only minor code change in the gateway nodes and does not require any additional hardware, makes it a viable option to improving network capacity in existing wireless mesh networks.
Efficient XSLT processing in relational database system
Authors: Zhen Hua Liu, Agnuel Novoselsky
Venue: Proceedings of the 32nd international conference on Very large data bases (2006)

Efficient processing of XQuery, XPath and SQL/XML on XML documents stored and managed in RDBMS has been widely studied. However, much less of such type of work has been done for efficient XSLT processing of XML documents stored and managed by the database. This is partially due to the observation that the rule based template driven XSLT execution model does not fit nicely with the traditional declarative query language processing model which leverages index probing and iterator based pull mode that can be scaled to handle large size data. In this paper, we share our experience of efficient processing of XSLT in Oracle XML DB. We present the technique of processing XSLT efficiently in database by rewriting XSLT stylesheets into highly efficient XQuery through partially evaluating XSLT over the XML documents structural information. Consequently, we can leverage all the work done for efficient XQuery/XPath processing in database to achieve combined optimisations of XSLT with XQuery/XPath and SQL/XML in Oracle XMLDB. This effectively makes XSLT processing scale to large size XML documents using classical declarative query processing techniques in DBMS.
AVS Digital Audio Processing Technology
Authors: Cong Zhang, RuiMin Hu, HaoJun Ai
Venue: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Innovative Computing, Information and Control - Volume 2 (2006)

During the last decade, new digital audio applications have emerged for network multimedia, wireless multimedia communication, and multimedia computing. In response of this need, considerable research has been devoted to the development of highfidelity digital audio. Several international or commercial digital audio standards are also presented, such as the ISO/MPEG family and the Dolby AC-3. Although these standards are publicly available, it does not mean they are free. Therefore, China own audio and video compression standard (AVS) is presented. In this paper, AVS audio coding and decoding technologies are discussed in some detail and concludes with a brief discussion of future research directions.
Review of "Refactoring Databases: Evolutionary Database Design by Scott Ambler and Pramodkumar Sadalage," Addison-Wesley Professional, 2006, $49.99, ISBN: 0321293533.
Authors: Vladan Jovanovic
Venue: Queue (2006)

Gary McGraw, Addison-Wesley Professional, 2006, $49.99, ISBN: 0321356705 Over the years, I have read several books covering software security from a system or programming language perspective. While most of them provided excellent overviews, I was hoping eventually to see a holistic approach. Software Security is just the kind of book I had in mind and is one of the best introductions to software security that I have seen.
ARGUS: Efficient Scalable Continuous Query Optimization for Large-Volume Data Streams
Authors: Chun Jin, Jaime Carbonell
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th International Database Engineering and Applications Symposium (2006)

We present the architecture of ARGUS, a stream processing system implemented atop commercial DBMSs to support large-scale complex continuous queries over data streams. ARGUS supports incremental operator evaluation and incremental multi-query plan optimization as new queries arrive. The latter is done to a degree well beyond the previous state-of-the-art via a suite of techniques such as query-algebra canonicalization, indexing, and searching, and topological query network optimization with join order optimization, conditional materialization, minimal column projection, and transitivity inference. Building on top of a DBMS, the system provides a value-adding package to the existing database applications where the needs of stream processing become increasingly demanding. Compared to directly running the continuous queries on the DBMS, ARGUS achieves well over a 100-fold improvement in performance.
Architecture of the hybrid MCG-mesh testbed
Authors: Alexander Zimmermann, Mesut Günes, Martin Wenig, Jan Ritzerfeld, Ulrich Meis
Venue: Proceedings of the 1st international workshop on Wireless network testbeds, experimental evaluation characterization (2006)

The study of wireless and mobile networks is mainly based on simulations. Although simulation environments offer a convenient combination of flexibility and controllability, their largest disadvantage is that the results gained by using them are difficult to transfer into reality. This is due to the complex environment of mobile and wireless networks.In this paper we introduce a hybrid testbed approach, which consists of real mesh nodes and a virtualization environment. This combination provides on the one hand a flexible development environment for distributed network protocols and applications, and on the other hand a high degree in realism. Therefore, it allows the design and conduction of large scale networks where the results are easily transferred to the real world.
Information systems research with an attitude
Authors: Bonnie C. Glassberg, Varun Grover, James T. C. Teng
Venue: ACM SIGMIS Database (2006)

Attitudes have been uniquely defined by each discipline that uses them and information systems (IS) research is no exception. While traditional IS research looks at attitudes toward a behavior, consumer research pursues attitudes towards objects. This study applies concepts from marketing to formalize and operationalize Attitude consistent with the marketing perspective as involvement, including both cognitive and emotional evaluations. This broader, consumer-oriented conceptualization is empirically validated within a well established nomological network of technology acceptance constructs. Our study offers researchers a new rationale for the inclusion of an attitude measure in IS Research.
Planning Based Integration of Web Services
Authors: Alfredo Milani, Fabio Rossi, Simonetta Pallottelli
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE/WIC/ACM international conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology (2006)

In this paper a planning system for goal directed integration of web services is presented. The presented model extends classical planning to manage some forms of non determinism in service execution and to manage collections of objects. The dynamical evolving domain of available web services require flexible tools for composing the given resources in order to fulfil user goals which are also unpredictable. Automated planning techniques can be efficiently used to realise dynamical and adaptive web service composition. The domain of available services is represented by a set of planning operators, the behaviour of the composed service is described by a final goal and the generated solution plans are used for synthesis of web service scripts.
Improving Software Development through Three Stages
Authors: Tetsuro Motoyama
Venue: IEEE Software (2006)

In three stages covering 12 years and 16 projects, a software development group worked on attaining visible schedule control and usable software design documentation. The first stage identified two major problems: unstable code and schedule delays. The group used code inspection to address the immediate issue of code construction. In the second stage, the group formulated and implemented a software development process that addressed the entire software development life cycle. The third stage improved that process. The major factor in process improvement was the group's willingness to identify its mistakes and problems.
Subjective evaluation of packet service performance in UMTS and heterogeneous networks
Authors: Oumer Teyeb, Troels B. Sørensen, Preben Mogensen, Jeroen Wigard
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd ACM international workshop on Quality of service security for wireless and mobile networks (2006)

Quality of Service in mobile telecommunication systems is usually identified by some basic performance metrics such as delay, throughput and jitter. However, the main impact of service quality is on the end user, and as such a detailed study of service performance should involve the end user. In this paper, such an approach is taken where subjective performance evaluation is undertaken for web browsing and video streaming services in Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) and a heterogeneous network comprised of UMTS and Wireless LAN (WLAN)Using a real-time network emulation testbed, users rated the perceived quality of the services under different network conditions. The users' ratings are analyzed and the results showed clear trends with very few outliers. The objective and subjective measures also were found to be in line except for one case where a higher layer effect influenced the users' perception.
Hybrid System for Generating Learning Object Metadata
Authors: Olivier Motelet, Nelson Baloian
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (2006)

Generating LOM for learning material is a complex and tedious task to be completed "by hand". Therefore, the current trend is to automate this process. However, there are several important issues restricting this approach. In order to solve these issues, this article presents a hybrid system in which both human and computer collaborate for instantiating LOM attributes. This system is implemented in LessonMapper2, a graphical interface designed to generate LOM-based graphs of learning resources.