ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Prosody-based topic segmentation for Mandarin broadcast news
Authors: Gina-Anne Levow
Venue: Proceedings of HLT-NAACL 2004: Short Papers on XX (2004)

Automatic topic segmentation, separation of a discourse stream into its constituent stories or topics, is a necessary preprocessing step for applications such as information retrieval, anaphora resolution, and summarization. While significant progress has been made in this area for text sources and for English audio sources, little work has been done in automatic, acoustic feature-based segmentation of other languages. In this paper, we focus on prosody-based topic segmentation of Mandarin Chinese. As a tone language, Mandarin presents special challenges for applicability of intonation-based techniques, since the pitch contour is also used to establish lexical identity. We demonstrate that intonational cues such as reduction in pitch and intensity at topic boundaries and increase in duration and pause still provide significant contrasts in Mandarin Chinese. We also build a decision tree classifier that, based only on word and local context prosodic information without reference to term similarity, cue phrase, or sentence-level information, achieves boundary classification accuracy of 89--95.8% on a large standard test set.
Investigating Ensemble Weight and the Certainty Distributions for Indicating Structural Diversity
Authors: Lesedi Melton Masisi, Fulufhelo Nelwamondo, Tshilidzi Marwala
Venue: Advances in Neuro-Information Processing: 15th International Conference, ICONIP 2008, Auckland, New Zealand, November 25-28, 2008, Revised Selected Papers, Part II (2009)

In this paper an investigation of the distribution of the weights and the biases of the Multilayered Perceptron is conducted, in particular the variance of the weight vector (weights and biases) with the aim of indicating the existence of the structural diversity within the ensemble. This will indicate how well the weight vector samples are distributed from the mean and this will be used to serve as an indicator of the structural diversity of the classifiers within the ensemble. This is inspired by the fact that many measures of ensemble diversity are focused on the outcomes and not the classifier's structure and hence may lose out in diversity measures that correlate well with ensemble performance. Three ensembles were compared, one non-diverse and the other two ensembles made diverse. The generalization across all the ensembles was approximately the same (74 % accuracy). This could be attributed to the data used. Certainty measures were also conducted and indicated that the non-diverse ensemble was biased, even though the performance across the ensembles was the same.
Opportunistic use of client repeaters to improve performance of WLANs
Authors: Paramvir Bahl, Ranveer Chandra, Patrick P. C. Lee, Vishal Misra, Jitendra Padhye, Dan Rubenstein, Yan Yu
Venue: IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON) (2009)

Currently deployed IEEE 802.11 WLANs (Wi-Fi networks) share access point (AP) bandwidth on a per-packet basis. However, various stations communicating with the AP often have different signal qualities, resulting in different transmission rates. This induces a phenomenon known as the rate anomaly problem, in which stations with lower signal quality transmit at lower rates and consume a significant majority of airtime, thereby dramatically reducing the throughput of stations transmitting at higher rates. We propose SoftRepeater, a practical, deployable system in which stations cooperatively address the rate anomaly problem. Specifically, higher rateWi-Fi stations opportunistically transform themselves into repeaters for lower rate stations when transmitting data to/from the AP. The key challenge is to determine when it is beneficial to enable the repeater functionality. In view of this, we propose an initiation protocol that ensures that repeater functionality is enabled only when appropriate. Also, our system can run directly on top of today's 802.11 infrastructure networks. In addition, we describe a novel, zero-overhead network coding scheme that further alleviates undesirable symptoms of the rate anomaly problem. Using simulation and testbed implementation, we find that SoftRepeater can improve cumulative throughput by up to 200%.
Towards Self-Healing in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Themistoklis Bourdenas, Morris Sloman
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Sixth International Workshop on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (2009)

Faults in WSN are very common and appear in different levels of the system. For pervasive applications to be adopted by end-users there is a need for autonomic self-healing. This paper discusses our initial approach to self-healing in WSN and describes experiments with two case studies of body sensor deployment. We evaluate the impact of sensor faults on activity and gesture classification accuracy respectively and develop mechanisms that will allow detection of those faults during system’s operation.
Compact character controllers
Authors: Yongjoon Lee, Seong Jae Lee, Zoran Popović
Venue: ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) (2009)

We present methods for creating compact and efficient data-driven character controllers. Our first method identifies the essential motion data examples tailored for a given task. It enables complex yet efficient high-dimensional controllers, as well as automatically generated connecting controllers that merge a set of independent controllers into a much larger aggregate one without modifying existing ones. Our second method iteratively refines basis functions to enable highly complex value functions. We show that our methods dramatically reduce the computation and storage requirement of controllers and enable very complex behaviors.
An Eilenberg Theorem for Pictures
Authors: Symeon Bozapalidis, Archontia Grammatikopoulou
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Algebraic Informatics (2009)

Picture language recognizability by 2-monoids is shown to be equivalent to recognizability by frame action. Then we establish a bijection between the pseudovarieties of finite 2-monoids and varieties of frame recognizable picture languages.
Wind flow modeling and simulation over the Giza Plateau cultural heritage site in Egypt
Authors: Ashraf S. Hussein, Hisham El-Shishiny
Venue: Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage (JOCCH) (2009)

In this article, the wind flow over one of the most important Egyptian historical heritage sites, the Giza Plateau, was investigated using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) state-of-the-art techniques. The present study addresses the influences of wind flow structure, as an important denudation factor, on the site and its famous monuments: the Pyramids and the Great Sphinx. Three-dimensional CFD simulations have been performed based on the Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations for the cases of the northwest wind, at the average wind speed over the year, and the southwest windstorms. In addition, the wind-driven sand was considered for the same cases. Particular attention was paid to the Great Sphinx and the Pyramids to investigate their parts most vulnerable to the wind, which is contributing to the erosion of these monuments. The Great Sphinx was buried by sand and it was cleared several times throughout its history. In this study, we also address the less understood, yet important, burial mechanism of the Great Sphinx. The present work may give more insight to the effect of wind around the Giza Plateau when developing a global plan for conserving and protecting the site.
Integrating Logical Reasoning and Probabilistic Chain Graphs
Authors: Arjen Hommersom, Nivea Ferreira, Peter J. Lucas
Venue: Proceedings of the European Conference on Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases: Part I (2009)

Probabilistic logics have attracted a great deal of attention during the past few years. While logical languages have taken a central position in research on knowledge representation and automated reasoning, probabilistic graphical models with their probabilistic basis have taken up a similar position when it comes to reasoning with uncertainty. The formalism of chain graphs is increasingly seen as a natural probabilistic graphical formalism as it generalises both Bayesian networks and Markov networks, and has a semantics which allows any Bayesian network to have a unique graphical representation. At the same time, chain graphs do not support modelling and learning of relational aspects of a domain. In this paper, a new probabilistic logic, chain logic, is developed along the lines of probabilistic Horn logic. The chain logic leads to relational models of domains in which associational and causal knowledge are relevant and where probabilistic parameters can be learned from data.
A Novel Multilingual Report Generation System for Medical Applications
Authors: Kaya Kuru, Sertan Girgin, Kemal Arda
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Medicine: Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (2009)

There has been an increasing demand for high quality medical data that are in a standard electronic format and easily shared. Although a great amount of effort has been invested to ease the process, an effective solution has yet to be found. In this study, we first discuss necessary features of an effective data collection and reporting system, and then reveal the conceptual view of a novel method that aims to encompass these features. We also present the design and implementation details of a Web-based prototype.
FESID: Finite Element Scale Invariant Detector
Authors: Dermot Kerr, Sonya Coleman, Bryan Scotney
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing (2009)

Recently, finite element based methods have been used to develop gradient operators for edge detection that have improved angular accuracy over standard techniques. A more prominent issue in the field of image processing has become the use of interest point detectors and to this end we expand upon this research developing a finite element scale invariant interest point detector that is based on the same multi-scale approach used in the SURF detector. The operator differs in that the autocorrelation matrix is used to select the interest point location and the derivative and smoothing operations are combined into one operator developed through the use of the finite element framework.
Beyond Dependency Graphs
Authors: Martin Korp, Aart Middeldorp
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Automated Deduction (2009)

The dependency pair framework is a powerful technique for proving termination of rewrite systems. One of the most frequently used methods within this framework is the dependency graph processor. In this paper we improve this processor by incorporating right-hand sides of forward closures. In combination with tree automata completion we obtain an efficient processor which can be used instead of the dependency graph approximations that are in common use in termination provers.
Evaluating Mobile Proactive Context-Aware Retrieval: An Incremental Benchmark
Authors: Davide Menegon, Stefano Mizzaro, Elena Nazzi, Luca Vassena
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Theory of Information Retrieval: Advances in Information Retrieval Theory (2009)

We present the evaluation of a novel application for Web content perusal by means of context-aware mobile devices that proactively query an external search engine. To this aim, we develop a TREC-like benchmark and we use it to evaluate different strategies for automatic query construction on the basis of user's current context. We discuss both the methodology and the results.
Active Fuzzy Control for Magnetic Suspended Floating Raft Isolation System
Authors: Weiwei Zhang, Chunsheng Song, Yefa Hu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation - Volume 01 (2009)

The characteristic of the magnetic suspended floating raft isolation system was analyzed and the dynamic model of the system was developed. An active fuzzy controller was designed for the floating raft isolation system with active magnetic suspended isolator. The optimal force of the active magnetic isolator was obtained by fuzzy control algorithm to isolate effectively. Force transmissibility, input force, and output force response of floating raft isolation system, respectively under chirp exciting signal and dual-frequency exciting signal were simulated. The simulation results indicate that the floating raft isolation system under active fuzzy controller can remarkably suppress vibration in the wide range of frequency and is remarkably better than those of passive isolation.
Blueprint: Robust Prevention of Cross-site Scripting Attacks for Existing Browsers
Authors: Mike Ter Louw, V. N. Venkatakrishnan
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 30th IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (2009)

As social networking sites proliferate across the World Wide Web, complex user-created HTML content is rapidly becoming the norm rather than the exception.User-created web content is a notorious vector for cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks that target websites and confidential user data.In this threat climate, mechanisms that render web applications immune to XSS attacks have been of recent research interest.A challenge for these security mechanisms is enabling web applications to accept complex HTML input from users, while disallowing malicious script content.This challenge is made difficult by anomalous web browser behaviors, which are often used as vectors for successful XSS attacks.Motivated by this problem, we present a new XSS defense strategy designed to be effective in widely deployed existing web browsers, despite anomalous browser behavior.Our approach seeks to minimize trust placed on browsers for interpreting untrusted content.We implemented this approach in a tool called Blueprint that was integrated with several popular web applications.We evaluated Blueprint against a barrage of stress tests that demonstrate strong resistance to attacks, excellent compatibility with web browsers and reasonable performance overheads.
Estimation of FeB layer's yield strength by comparison of finite element modeling with experimental data
Authors: O. Culha, M. Toparli, T. Aksoy
Venue: Advances in Engineering Software (2009)

In this study, low alloy steel substrates were borided by pack boriding process, for 2, 4 and 6h at 900^oC. Microstructural observations were conducted by using SEM. The structural composition of layers consists of boron rich phase (FeB) and iron rich phase (Fe"2B). First, experimental indentation studies were carried out to determine the load-unload curves of FeB layers at different peak loads. Important parameters such as hardness and Young's modulus of FeB layers, and contact area were obtained from experimental indentation test sample data. After the mechanical characterization of samples, finite element modeling was applied to simulate the mechanical response of FeB layer on low alloy steel substrate by using ABAQUS software package program. The unique contribution of this study different from previous methods is the estimation of the yield strength of FeB layer by combining the experimental indentation works and finite element modeling (FEM).
Constrained Content Distribution and Communication Scheduling for Several Restricted Classes of Graphs
Authors: Mugurel Ionut Andreica, Nicolae Tapus
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 10th International Symposium on Symbolic and Numeric Algorithms for Scientific Computing (2008)

In this paper we address several problems regarding content distribution (broadcast) and communication optimization and scheduling for some restricted classes of graphs (trees, intersecting cliques). For the broadcast problem in trees we introduce some new extensions and present some new algorithmic results for determining optimal offline broadcast strategies. The communication scheduling problems are also addressed from an offline algorithmic perspective, considering mutual exclusion constraints or geometric aspects.
Hyperconnectivity, Attribute-Space Connectivity and Path Openings: Theoretical Relationships
Authors: Michael H. Wilkinson
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Mathematical Morphology and Its Application to Signal and Image Processing (2009)

In this paper the relationship of hyperconnected filters with path openings and attribute-space connected filters is studied. Using a recently developed axiomatic framework based on hyperconnectivity operators, which are the hyperconnected equivalents of connectivity openings, it is shown that path openings are a special case of hyperconnected area openings. The new axiomatics also yield insight into the relationship between hyperconnectivity and attribute-space connectivity. It is shown any hyperconnectivity is an attribute-space connectivity, but that the reverse is not true.
Decoupling Control Using a PSO-Based Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Wang Xin, Yang Chun-hua, Qin Bin
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Natural Computing - Volume 02 (2009)

In this paper an intelligent decoupling control architecture using evolutionary reinforcement learning (IDCERL) is presented. The IDCERL utilizes an adaptive critic to estimate the decoupling performance, and a TSK fuzzy neural network (TSFN) to generate the decoupling action. By making use of the global optimization capability of particle swarm optimization (PSO), the IDCERL can solve the local minima problem in traditional actor-critic reinforcement learning. The IDCERL utilize a plant model to accelerate the convergence speed and void the possible risks of large disturbance of action generated by PSO global search. Proposed control strategy can reduce the controller developing time by incorporating prior knowledge in a fuzzy neural network form. The application for control system of collector gas pressure of coke ovens shows its validity.
Towards Humanlike Social Touch for Prosthetics and Sociable Robotics: Handshake Experiments and Finger Phalange Indentations
Authors: John-John Cabibihan, Raditya Pradipta, Yun Zhi Chew, Shuzhi Sam Ge
Venue: Proceedings of the FIRA RoboWorld Congress 2009 on Advances in Robotics (2009)

The handshake has become the most acceptable gesture of greeting in many cultures. Replicating the softness of the human hand can contribute to the improvement of the emotional healing process of people who have lost their hands by enabling the concealment of prosthetic hand usage during handshake interactions. Likewise, sociable robots of the future will exchange greetings with humans. The soft humanlike hands during handshakes would be able to address the safety and acceptance issues of robotic hands. This paper investigates the areas of contact during handshake interactions. After the areas of high contact were known, indentation experiments were conducted to obtain the benchmark data for duplication with synthetic skins.
Compact U-array MIMO antenna designs using IWO algorithm
Authors: A. R. Mallahzadeh, S. Es'haghi, H. R. Hassani
Venue: International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering (2009)

In this article, design of a novel compact four-channel multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna is described. The antenna is composed of four U-shaped patch elements and operates at 5.8 GHz. The single U-shaped patch antenna, to operate at this frequency, is designed using the Invasive Weed optimization algorithm. This algorithm is then applied to design two and four-channel MIMO antenna arrays for high degree of isolation. To measure the array performance under MIMO signaling conditions, a multiport metric is used to characterize the compact array rather than the scattering matrix characterization. The measurement and simulation results of reflection coefficient, mutual coupling, and radiation pattern are presented and discussed. &copy; 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2009.
Behavioral Consistency Extraction for Face Verification
Authors: Hui Fang, Nicholas Costen
Venue: Cross-Modal Analysis of Speech, Gestures, Gaze and Facial Expressions: COST Action 2102 International Conference Prague, Czech Republic, October 15-18, 2008 Revised Selected and Invited Papers (2009)

In this paper we investigate how the use of computational statistical models, derived from moving images, can take part in the face recognition process. As a counterpart to psychological experimental results showing a significant beneficial effect of facial non-rigid movement, two features obtained from face sequences, the central tendency and type of movement variation, are associated to improve face verification compared with single static images. By using General Group-wise Registration algorithm, the correspondences across the sequences are captured to build a combined shape and appearance model, parameterizing the face sequences. The parameters are projected to an identity-only space to find the central tendency of each subject. In addition, facial movement consistencies across different behaviors exhibited by the same subjects are recorded. These two features are fused by a confidence-based decision system for authentication applications. Using the BANCA video database, the results show that the extra information extracted from moving images significantly and efficiently improves performance.
Students' Visual Perceptions of Virtual Lectures as Measured by Eye Tracking
Authors: Yu-Jin Kim, Jin Ah Bae, Byeong Ho Jeon
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Part I: New Trends (2009)

In this paper, we used eye tracking methodologies to investigate students' visual perceptions of lectures using 3D real-time virtual studio technology. For measuring learning performance, we also gave the students multiple-choice paper quizzes at the end of the lectures. Three virtual lectures were created with different types of lecture materials (text-centered, image-centered, and lecturer-centered) and 3D virtual sets (classroom, cyberspace, and lecture-theme space). Through analyzing students' eye movements in viewing still and moving scenes of the virtual lectures, we found that layouts and movements of design elements on lecture screens significantly influenced students' scanpaths and areas of interest (AOIs). Lecture material types affected learning performance while 3D virtual sets had no effect due to students' inattention to the virtual background areas. We discuss effective ways to develop virtual lectures and design lecture screens for better presentation of lecture content and higher learning performance.
Presenting a Model to Car Collision Avoidance Using Fluid Stochastic Petri Net
Authors: S. Yazdanpanah, R. Kourdy
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 WRI Global Congress on Intelligent Systems - Volume 02 (2009)

In recent years road accidents have brought considerable death. The issue of safe road and safe car is one of the most important issues that are discussed nowadays in transportation area. One of the ways to decrease unpleasant accidents of traffic flows is to attract the attention of vehicles to maximum speed and safe distance. The controlling system discussed here is based on discrete quantities like distance, speed and acceleration. The present paper is a typical compound system which uses a special kind of fluid stochastic Petri net (FSPN). FSPN includes a suitable formula for models and analysis of these systems. It is also a safe method to prevent car collision. FSPN is used for a controller displaying that creates three sub models of movement of three directly communicated cars and the main car calculates the allowable distance using the speed of front and back cars which is determined in network. When the distance of two successive cars is lower than the specific distance, it alarms the driver of main car at the danger of collision. In addition, if the distance of front and main car is low, it will reduces the speed of main car. If the distance of main and back car is decreased, It increases the speed of main car.