ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Generalized GPSS Model for Grain Terminal Elevators
Authors: J. E. Peterson
Venue: Proceedings of the second conference on Applications of simulations (1968)

The generalized GPSS Model for Grain Terminal Elevators, also referred to as the Grain Terminal Simulation (GTS), unites well-defined rules of notation with a generalized, GPSS simulation program to yield a complete system for the specification and simulation of grain terminal elevators. The original development goals of general applicability, relative ease of evaluating varied policies and configurations and ease of use, have to a significant degree, been achieved.
Special session on effective information presentation techniques
Authors: Mervyn Kurlansky Susan Marcus Jack Reineck
Venue: ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics (1980)

Are computer graphics displays as effective as they should be? Are they as appealing as they could be? How can displays of information acquire more impact? How can they be made more memorable. Questions like these are being asked frequently in the computer graphics community. Because of advanced display equipment, lower costs, effective communication networks, and increasingly sophisticated user groups, computer graphics is entering a new stage in its development. Visualized information will reach more people in this decade than ever before. Computer graphics displays will become centrally involved with concept formation and decision making on a mass scale. For this reason computer graphics systems should incorporate more successfully the knowledge of visual communication professionals who have developed valid, effective principles for conveying facts and concepts through typography, color, symbols, motion, photography, etc.
Computer security in a non-traditional architecture
Authors: Terry A. Cureton
Venue: Proceedings of the 1983 annual conference on Computers : Extending the human resource (1983)

Isolation and separation between independent processes is a fundamental requirement for computer security. Nowhere is this more important than in the separation between operating system and user processes. The architecture of the computer for which an operating system is designed is the determining factor on which mechanisms are used to meet this requirement and how effectively it is met. The architecture can make this relatively easy, difficult, or even impossible.
Computer aids systems map-based record systems
Authors: A. V. Bennettson
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th Design Automation Conference (1978)

From discussion of user encountered production bottlenecks it is demonstrated that personnel sub-system requirements will drive developments in hardware, software, systems configuration and data base structure over the near-term future. Examples are taken from the discussion and used to illustrate exploitation of known capabilities.
Arctic: A functional language for real-time control
Authors: Roger B. Dannenberg
Venue: Proceedings of the 1984 ACM Symposium on LISP and functional programming (1984)

Arctic is a language for the specification and implementation of real-time control systems. Unlike more conventional languages for real-time control, which emphasize concurrency, Arctic is a stateless language in which the relationships between system inputs, outputs and intermediate terms are expressed as operations on time-varying functions. Arctic allows discrete events or conditions to invoke and modify responses asynchronously, but because programs have no state, synchronization problems are greatly simplified. Furthermore, Arctic programs are non-sequential, and the timing of system responses is notated explicitly. This eliminates the need for the programmer to be concerned with the execution sequence, which accounts for much of the difficulty in real-time programming.
POSIM-A general wildlife population simulator
Authors: Edward L. Mooney, Terry Lonner
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th conference on Winter simulation - Volume 2 (1978)

Theoreticians have been interested for some time in constructing mathematical models of biological population dynamics. More recently, with the advent of powerful digital computers, modeling has taken a more practical turn. A case in point is given in this paper. In 1975, the Montana Department of Fish and Game initiated work, through a research contract, on a computer program to aid in development of simulation models for wildlife game populations. The resulting program, POSIM, allows interactive development and verification of models for virtually all game species in Montana. These models may be formulated as simple accounting, discrete time models, or more complex models operating in continuous time and comprised primarily of differential equations. This paper documents the development of POSIM, describes its design, and illustrates its operation with an example showing the development of a simulation model of a Montana deer population.
Logic simulation and fault analysis of a self-checking switching processor
Authors: H. Y. Chang, R. C. Dorr, R. A. Elliott
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th Design Automation Workshop (1972)

During an exploratory study in the design of a stored program processor for an electronic switching system, the need for logic simulation for design verification was evident [1]. The advantages of using logic simulation concurrent with hardware design are many. This paper will discuss logic simulation and fault analysis work undertaken while designing a self-checking switching processor. The logic simulation and fault analysis were implemented on an IBM/360 model 67 executing a simulator called LAMP (Logic Analyzer for Maintenance Planning) [3]. Section 2 briefly describes the simulator system and the logic simulated. Circuit preparation for simulation and a hierarchical method for simulating large circuits are discussed in Section 3. In Section 4, characteristics and design objectives of self-checking circuits are discussed. Concurrent fault detection methods and self-checkability figures of merit are then considered.
Computer assisted patient chart filing system
Authors: Jack L. Neal
Venue: Proceedings of the ACM 1980 annual conference (1980)

It is now possible to have most patient information stored in a computer file for immediate, remote print-out. Nevertheless, conventional patient charts retain certain benefits which cannot be easily matched by their computerized substitute. A conventional chart containing signatures of those who can vouch for the accuracy of test results could be useful in subsequent legal proceedings. It can also accommodate photographs and X-rays which are not easily reduced to a computer storable form. The principal objection to conventional charts is the difficulty of filing and sorting them manually. This report describes a computer assisted system using a computerized &ldquo;pointer&rdquo; to indicate the location of reports or other material to be filed in the chart. This system retains the benefit of the conventional chart system, but requires less effort in filing, thanks to being computerized. Conventionally, all reports are filed into the appropriate charts as they are received in the record room. During periods of high activity unfiled reports accumulate although the staff can catch up and file these when the activity subsides. As a result charts sent to the clinics may lack the most recent reports.
Microcode verification using SDVS-the method and a case study
Authors: Beth Levy
Venue: ACM SIGMICRO Newsletter (1984)

This paper describes SDVS (State Delta Verification System), its application to microcode verification, and the verification of a particular example referred to as the H-machine example. The example illustrates how particular microcode that interprets a computer instruction set can be proved correct and how this proof is accomplished with an existing, automated verification system.
Selection starts the cycle
Authors: Robert L. Patrick
Venue: Proceedings of the seventh annual conference on SIGCPR (1969)

I earn my livelihood as a senior systems consultant. I do design, analysis, troubleshooting, technical audits, project management in cases of emergency, some cost studies, and even some management training. This morning I'd like to offer you my view of the computer field. As a matter of fact, I think I know how it's structured, personnel-wise that is, and I'm going to show you a model of it in a minute. I'd then like to indicate where there are a few problems and encourage you all to discuss these needs when you have your Saturday morning wrap-up session. On Saturday I hope you will discuss these needs and maybe see if the SIG can't come up with some methods and an organized program to attack some of these chronic needs of the field.
Establishing an Academic Computing Center&mdash;a major change
Authors: Francis L. Edwards,  II, Carol S. Edwards
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th annual ACM SIGUCCS conference on User services (1982)

This paper describes the experiences at a medium-sized public teaching university in establishing an Academic Computing Center distinct from an existing Administrative Data Processing Center. The computer facilities were provided by a multi-institution time-sharing network. The steps involved and the lessons learned are presented as a case study which may be helpful to others considering this change.
Develop your computer performance pattern
Authors: J. D. Noe, N. W. Runstein
Venue: ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review (1974)

Is the load on your computer shifting? Did that change to faster access disks really help? Would more core memory increase throughput appreciably, or would it be necessary to also increase central processor power? These are three quite different kinds of questions; one concerns detecting a long-term trend, another assessing the effects of a system change, and a third estimating effects of the decision to alter the configuration. Yet all of these require knowledge of current and past system performance, the type of knowledge that must be the result of long-term performance monitoring. This is not simple enough to be picked up overnight or in one series of experiments, nor can it be assessed by watching one or two parameters over a long period. One must have a thorough understanding of the pattern of performance by knowing the mean values of a number of measures and knowing something about the variations from these means. This paper hardly needs to recommend that computer managers establish an understanding of performance pattern; they already are very conscious of the need. What it does is recount development of a method of doing so for the CDC 6400 at the University of Washington and of the selection of &ldquo;Kiviat Graphs&rdquo; as a means to present data in a synoptic form. The remainder of this paper will give a brief account of the authors' experience in designing a measurement system for the CDC 6400 at the University of Washington Computer Center. This will include comments on the approach to deciding what to measure an d display for the synoptic view of the system, as well as how to provide more detailed data for backup. Examples of the use of Kiviat Graphs [4] to show the effects of load shift and of a system configuration change are included, and the effect of a change of operating system will be noted.
A simple computer-aided artwork system that works
Authors: David G. Ressler
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th Design Automation Workshop (1974)

A complete, computerized artwork processing system for Integrated circuits and printed circuit boards includes digitizers, plotters, a design rule checker, and a pastern generator command program. Its success depends on simplicity, consistency and technology independence.
Applying simulation techniques to an air traffic control study
Authors: Richard C. Baxter, Julian Reitman, Donald Ingerman
Venue: Proceedings of the fourth annual conference on Applications of simulation (1970)

Air traffic in the United States has expanded rapidly due to the rising demand of passengers for rapid, convenient, comfortable transportation, the increasing use of air freight, and the soaring growth of general aviation, which includes the recent proliferation of business jet aircraft. The primary purpose of the United States air traffic system is the safe, efficient movement of air traffic; it is required to accommodate all aircraft which place a demand upon it, from the large, fast commercial jet airliner to the small, slow privately owned airplane, and in so doing must accommodate the widely varying navigational and communications capabilities and performance characteristics of these aircraft. Aircraft types can change or be modified in a short time to accommodate a market&mdash;witness the increase in instrument flight capabilities among general aviation aircraft, or the experimental introduction of STOL aircraft into commercial service. Changes in the air traffic system, with its airports, air routes, navigation, and communication facilities, and geographic subdivisions, require much more time, partly because the system has to maintain service as it is being changed. Demands to modernize the system and to provide more airports have come from users and from Congress, while people living in neighborhoods of existing airports have demanded decreases in the aircraft noise levels emanating from these airports.
Programming performance: Monitoring, maximization, and prediction
Authors: Rudolph E. Hirsch
Venue: Proceedings of the tenth annual SIGCPR conference (1972)

Non-technical management persists in its 1950's attitude toward data processing. The unfamiliar is often held in awe, and management frequently considers all of its programmers to be highly gifted and thus not manageable by conventional management tools. This attitude is flattering to us but not justified. There are indeed many highly gifted programmers (and for that matter highly gifted engineers, accountants, etc.), but most programmers are people of average ability who turn out average-quality work. Therefore, programmers should be supervised and encouraged as are other kinds of employees. They should be directed to work toward explicit output targets and be evaluated by the results in relation to those targets, i.e., the way in which everyone else is evaluated. The purpose of this paper is to present some methods by which that can be done.
NATS a collaborative effort to certify and disseminate mathematical software
Authors: James M. Boyle, William J. Cody, Wayne R. Cowell, Burton S. Garbow, Yasuhiko Ikebe, Cleve B. Moler, Brian T. Smith
Venue: Proceedings of the ACM annual conference - Volume 2 (1972)

Argonne National Laboratory, Stanford University and The University of Texas at Austin, in cooperation with various field test sites, have carried out a collaborative effort to certify and disseminate mathematical software. This is a prototype venture whose purpose is to develop ways of supplying the scientific computing community with highly reliable subroutines. Selected software is tested, first at the three principal institutions and then at field test sites. Routines of proven quality are certified and distributed from the Argonne Code Center. A collaborative testing methodology is emerging from the project. Software selected for testing and distribution includes a collection of routines for calculating certain special functions of mathematical physics and a Fortran package of eigensystem routines based on Algol originals of Wilkinson, Reinsch, and their colleagues.
Partitioning and ordering of logic equations for optimum MOS LSI device layout
Authors: R. P. Larsen, L. Margol
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th Design Automation Workshop (1971)

The concepts underlying a versatile tiered layout design scheme for MOS LSI logic devices is presented. A series of three computer-aided design programs is discussed which provide designers with information permitting rapid organization of minimum area layout designs.
Reorganization of the APL libraries
Authors: E. Armitage, J. Chenier, C. Leibovitz, D. Precht, Y. Zia
Venue: Proceedings of the eighth international conference on APL (1976)

The University of Alberta has decided to reorganize the APL library. The functions are being rewritten to conform to a new set of standards. New standards have also been developed for the documentation. The purpose of the reorganization of the APL library was 1) to reduce the amount of duplication and to discard 'junk' programs. 2) to establish new standards for function structures and documentation. 3) to improve the grouping of functions into workspaces and workspaces into libraries (according to functional classification). 4) to establish the areas in which development work is most needed and to start work accordingly.
A stimulus&mdash;driven model of concept identification
Authors: Peter R. Newsted
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th conference on Winter simulation - Volume 2 (1974)

The discrete events assumed to occur in problem solving behavior (where an unpracticed person is trying to identify the rule being used in the binary classification of objects) have been modeled using SNOBOL4. The main assumption of this cognitive simulation is that attention given to unexpected characteristics of succeeding objects drive the behavior of the S (subject). Specifically, the simulated Ss with smaller short-term memories indicated a strong recency effect: rules represented by values occurring in the last positions in the instance were significantly easier to identify. For the largest memory size used, a significant primacy effect was seen.
Personality differences within systems project teams: Implications for designing solving centers
Authors: Robert P. Bostrom, Kate M. Kaiser
Venue: Proceedings of the eighteenth annual computer personnel research conference (1981)

Information systems for large firms are typically designed by a group of people which is made up of users and system personnel. The management information system (MIS) literature discusses a communication gap between the organization-oriented users and the more technical systems staff. It has been hypothesized that system personnel and users are different in terms of personality and behavioral characteristics and that these differences are one of the primary reasons for the existence of a communication gap. This paper summarizes a study that investigated personality characteristics of 100 respondents from 33 large firms who worked together on a systems design. Analysis was performed to see if there were significant differences on personality dimensions between users and systems personnel. An operationalization of Jung's personality typology (Myers-Briggs Type Indicator) was employed. Results indicate that the users involved in the systems design were very similar to their systems counterparts. Even more surprising was that these users were closer to the popular descriptions of systems staff than the analysts were. The general implications of these findings in terms of the management of design solving centers and the MIS designs they create are discussed.
An MOS digital network model on a modified thevenin equivalent for logic simulation
Authors: Tsuyoshi Takahashi, Satoshi Kojima, Osamu Yamashiro, Kazuhiko Eguchi, Hideki Fukuda
Venue: Proceedings of the 21st Design Automation Conference (1984)

A novel analytical model of MOS digital networks, which is based on a modified Thevenin equivalent, is described. The model can handle all the primary circuits inherent in MOS technology, such as transistor logics, wired-ORs, tri-state circuits, charge-share operation, and bidirectional pass transistors etc., with precise estimation of delay time. The model has been implemented in a logic/fault simulator, named HASL-GT. Performance of 4 to 10 k events/sec has been obtained on HITAC M-200H(8MIPS). Fault simulation capability has also been implemented using the concurrent method.
ILEX an intelligent relational database system
Authors: D. Y. Li, F. G. Heath
Venue: Proceedings of the 1983 ACM SIGSMALL symposium on Personal and small computers (1983)

This paper describes the architectural overview of a research project called ILEX. The discussion focuses on a unified approach for all relational query languages. A universal interface supporting three typical query languages: ML based on ISBL, EL based on SQL, and PL based on QBE, has been implemented entirely in PROLOG. The translation of queries from a variety of query languages into a canonical logic form is illustrated. A simple but effective dynamic optimisation strategy is described. By means of knowledge information processing many different query languages can be implemented using the same data base management software. Each query language supported is a cleanly-supported component and can be modified independently from the rest of the system, and the underlying software can be changed without requiring any change at the user interface. This approach should yield great benefits in reduced cost and increased flexibility of implementation and application.
Type resolution in Ada: An implementation report
Authors: Peter A. Belmont
Venue: Proceedings of the ACM-SIGPLAN symposium on The ADA programming language (1980)

Various features of Ada [Ichbiah 79, Honeywell 80] make type resolution an interesting and difficult as implemented in a semantic analyzer for Ada built in 1979-80. First, a straightforward algorithm, similar to that of Ganzinger and Ripken [Ganzinger 80], is discussed. Next an optimized version of this algorithm is presented. The optimization is based on the idea that, in a tree-walking analysis in which the information developed on one branch can affect the analysis elsewhere, and where the difficulty of analysis is not uniform, analysis should be performed a little at a time wherever it is most likely to be useful rather than according to any data-independent, pre-planned method such as bottom-up or top-down. This raises the likelihood that the analysis of &ldquo;simple&rdquo; branches will occur early and so ease the computational cost of analyzing the more difficult branches.
Social implications of artificial intelligence
Venue: Proceedings of the 1984 annual conference of the ACM on The fifth generation challenge (1984)

The introduction and use of apparently intelligent systems and machines require a new paradigm for society and its economic order. The panel discusses the ramifications of industrial AI. Robotics, expert systems, medical consultation, and other AI programs and machines are already in use. What are the effects of these products? Expert systems may be called on to make medical or military judgments in real time. Industrial robots may obviate the need for a blue-collar work force. Natural language interfaces and automated programming tools may allow naive users a range of powerful tools which appear genuinely intelligent. Are there differences between the employment of these tools and older (unintelligent) tools?
Finding a minimum circuit in a graph
Authors: Alon Itai, Michael Rodeh
Venue: Proceedings of the ninth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing (1977)

Finding minimum circuits in graphs and digraphs is discussed. An almost minimum circuit is a circuit which may have only one edge more than the minimum. An 0(n2) algorithm is presented to find an almost minimum circuit. The straightforward algorithm for finding a minimum circuit has an 0(ne) behavior. It is refined to yield an 0(n2) average time algorithm. An alternative method is to reduce the problem of finding a minimum circuit to that of finding a triangle in an auxiliary graph. Three methods for finding a triangle in a graph are presented. The first has an 0(e3/2) worst case bound ((n) for planar graphs); the second takes 0(n5/3) time on the average; the third has an 0(nlog7) worst case behavior. For digraphs, recent results of Bloniarz, Fisher and Meyer are used to obtain an algorithm with 0(n2logn) average behavior.