ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
A Transductive Learning Method for Interactive Image Segmentation
Authors: Jiazhen Xu, Xinmeng Chen, Yang Wei, Xuejuan Huang
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Advances in Computation and Intelligence (2008)

The problem of interactive image segmentation is of great practical importance in image processing. Recently, a transductive framework has been developed which solves the problem from the perspective of manifold learning and shows promising results. In this paper, we extend this approach in two aspects. First, considering that the common interactive tools for user are broad brushes or region selection tools, it is hard to mark all the seeds accurately by hand. Our method is robust against noise, which releases the requirement of user and tolerant to a certain amount of user input faults. Secondly, we combine our method with prior statistical information implicitly provided by user input seeds, result in higher accuracy. Experiments results demonstrate improvements in performance over the former methods.
VisualHaptics: generating haptic sensation using only visual cues
Authors: Keita Watanabe, Michiaki Yasumura
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Advances in Computer Entertainment Technology (2008)

This paper describes a new interaction technique for Graphical User Interface (GUI) which is referred to as "VisualHaptics" because it creates haptic sensations using visual cues. VisualHaptics can convey haptic cues, reminiscient of sensations received through the sense of touch, by changing the shape, movement, and size of the cursor in a GUI. For example, VisualHaptics can express "roughness" of materials by jiggling a cursor slightly.
Characterizations of (weakly) Archimedean t-norms in interval-valued fuzzy set theory
Authors: Glad Deschrijver
Venue: Fuzzy Sets and Systems (2009)

In this paper we first give characterizations of the class of continuous t-norms on L^I (where L^I is the lattice of closed subintervals of the unit interval) which satisfy the residuation principle and which are a natural extension of a t-norm on the unit interval and which satisfy one of the following conditions: the negation generated by their residual implication is involutive; they are (weakly) Archimedean; they are (weakly) nilpotent. We fully characterize the class of continuous t-norms on L^I which satisfy the residuation principle, which are a natural extension of a t-norm on the unit interval and which are weakly Archimedean. We construct a separate representation for the t-norms in this class which are weakly nilpotent and for those which are not weakly nilpotent. Finally we give a characterization of the continuous t-norms on L^I which satisfy the residuation principle, which are a natural extension of a t-norm on the unit interval and which are strict.
ASPARTIX: Implementing Argumentation Frameworks Using Answer-Set Programming
Authors: Uwe Egly, Sarah Alice Gaggl, Stefan Woltran
Venue: Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Logic Programming (2008)

The system ASPARTIX is a tool for computing acceptable extensions for a broad range of formalizations of Dung's argumentation framework and generalizations thereof. ASPARTIX relies on a fixed disjunctive datalog program which takes an instance of an argumentation framework as input, and uses the answer-set solver DLV for computing the type of extension specified by the user.
Blogwall: social and cultural interaction for children
Authors: Adrian David Cheok, Owen Noel Newton Fernando, Janaka Prasad Wijesena, Abd-ur-Rehman Mustafa, Ramkumar Shankar, Anne-Katrin Barthoff, Naoko Tosa, Yongsoon Choi, Mayank Agarwal
Venue: Advances in Human-Computer Interaction (2008)

Short message service (SMS) is extremely popular today. Currently, it is being mainly used for peer-to-peer communication. However, SMS could be used as public media platform to enhance social and public interactions in an intuitive way. We have developed BlogWall to extend the SMS to a new level of self-expression and public communication by combining art and poetry. Furthermore, it will provide a means of expression in the language that children can understand, and the forms of social communication. BlogWall can also be used to educate the children while they interact and play with the system. The most notable feature of the system is its ability to mix up and generate poetry in multiple languages such as English, Korean, Chinese poems, or Japanese "Haiku" all based on the SMS. This system facilitates a cultural experience to children unknowingly, thus it is a step into new forms of cultural computing.
Learning with hypermedia: The influence of representational formats and different levels of learner control on performance and learning behavior
Authors: Peter Gerjets, Katharina Scheiter, Maria Opfermann, Friedrich W. Hesse, Tessa H. S. Eysink
Venue: Computers in Human Behavior (2009)

In this paper, two experiments on the use of hypermedia environments for learning about probability theory are reported. In Experiment 1a it was tested whether multimedia design principles (multimedia principle, modality principle, redundancy principle) are valid in hypermedia environments, despite the fact that hypermedia offers more learner control than multimedia. The results showed only little evidence for this validity, although the hypermedia environment entailed only a rather low level of learner control. In Experiment 1b it was investigated how learner control affects performance and how its possible impact is moderated by learners' prior knowledge. A high level of learner control positively affected the effectiveness of instruction only with regard to intuitive knowledge, but was at the same time accompanied by large increases in learning time, thereby rendering the instruction inefficient. Unexpectedly, effects of learner control were not moderated by students' prior knowledge. The results imply that the idea to use multimedia design principles for hypermedia learning is too simple and that the benefits and drawbacks of learner control depend heavily on learning objectives and time constraints.
Data aggregation in partially connected networks
Authors: Satish M. Srinivasan, Azad H. Azadmanesh
Venue: Computer Communications (2009)

With the diverse new capabilities that sensor and ad hoc networks can provide, applicability of data aggregation is growing. Data aggregation is useful in dealing with multi-value domain information, which often requires approximate agreement decisions among nodes. In contrast to fully connected networks, the research on data aggregation for partially connected networks is very limited. This is due to the complexity of formal proofs and the fact that a node may not have a global view of the entire network, which makes it difficult to attain the convergence properties. The complexity of the problem is compounded in the presence of message dropouts, faults, and orchestrated attacks. By exploiting the properties of Discrete Markov Chains, this study investigates the data aggregation problem for partially connected networks to obtain: the number of rounds of message exchanges needed to reach a network-convergence, the average convergence rate in a round of message exchange, and the number of rounds required to reach a stationary-convergence.
From Usability to Adoption - A New M-commerce Adoption Study Framework
Authors: Qingfei Min, Shuangming Li
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 WRI International Conference on Communications and Mobile Computing - Volume 03 (2009)

This paper tries to explore the adoption of m-commerce from the perspective of system usability. The definition and measurement of m-commerce system usability are discussed. Four categories of factors that will affect m-commerce system usability are clarified and analyzed, namely mobile device, WAP, mobile communication networks and context factors. By proposing a new m-commerce adoption study framework, this paper hope to draw more attentions to m-commerce systems usability study, which we think is very crucial to m-commerce adoption and, in turn, m-commerce development.
Algorithms for Solving Infinite Games
Authors: Marcin Jurdziński
Venue: Proceedings of the 35th Conference on Current Trends in Theory and Practice of Computer Science (2009)

Solving parity games is an algorithmic problem which is polynomial-time equivalent to the modal mu-calculus model checking problem [5], and hence of fundamental importance for the automated verification of computational systems [8]. Establishing its exact computational complexity is an intriguing long-standing open problem. The problem is known to be in UP (unambiguous NP) and co- UP [9], but no polynomial time algorithm or complexity-theoretic evidence of hardness have been found, since almost two decades ago when its membership to NP and co-NP was exhibited [5].
Semantic information extraction from Tamil documents
Authors: S. Lakshmana Pandian, J. Devakumar, T. V. Geetha
Venue: International Journal of Metadata, Semantics and Ontologies (2008)

Semantic information extraction is a process of extracting concepts, entities, relations and entailment rules from a document. We propose an approach to extract concepts, entities and relations from the domain specific Tamil textual documents corpus. Concepts are extracted out by identifying semantic relationship between unique terms in documents by lexical database namely WordNet. Entity extraction process identifies proper names and its predefined named entity categories. Relation between two entities or between two concepts or between concept and entity in each sentence are extracted. This extracted semantic knowledge is exploited as a resource for extracting semantic information from the domain-related documents.
Towards intelligent photo composition-automatic detection of unintentional dissection lines in environmental portrait photos
Authors: C. T. Shen, J. C. Liu, S. W. Shih, J. S. Hong
Venue: Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal (2009)

Good photos result from careful attention to various elements such as shutter speed, aperture, light exposure and composition. Over the years, there have been interests to develop digital still cameras with ''composition advising'' functions. However, not many composition-related functions have been realized in current digital cameras. This study proposed an approach for automatic detection of unintentional dissection lines which often degrade the aesthetics of an environmental portrait photo. The algorithm includes modules for face detection, ROI estimation, morphology filtering, edge detection and straight line detection. Experimental evaluations conducted to verify the performance of the algorithm show that the detection rate and false detection rate of general dissection lines are 80.87% and 33.61%, respectively.
Optimal operation point for the primary harmonic content of a modulated laser diode
Authors: Meysam Bavafa, Hesam Zandi, Maysamreza Chamanzar, Sina Khorasani
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th conference on Microelectronics, nanoelectronics, optoelectronics (2007)

An analysis of harmonic contents of the optical output power for a laser diode is performed, and the results are described in details. The influence of external parameters such as modulation current, bias current, and frequency on the absolute value of power for each harmonic are fully described. The analysis is done by direct solution of rate equations of an arbitrary laser diode for carrier and photon densities. It is shown that the optical power has a nonlinear dependence on modulation frequency, and the maximum optical power of each harmonic attained in its resonance frequency. The resonant frequency is shown to be tunable by bias current; thus in the next step we obtain the power for different harmonic contents, allowing better optimization to gain improved results. We calculate the higher relaxation resonant frequencies, and obtain their relation with respect to lower resonant frequencies. We extend our approach and find an optimal operation point in which the optimum characteristics of laser diode can be achieved. The sequence for every arbitrary laser structure is also possible to be developed by the approach presented in this work.
Hardness of equivalence checking for composed finite-state systems
Authors: Zden&#x011b;k Sawa, Petr Jan&#x010d;ar
Venue: Acta Informatica (2009)

Computational complexity of comparing behaviours of systems composed from interacting finite-state components is considered. The main result shows that the respective problems are EXPTIME-hard for all relations between bisimulation equivalence and trace preorder, as conjectured by Rabinovich (Inf Comput 139(2):111&#x2013;129, 1997). The result is proved for a specific model of parallel compositions where the components synchronize on shared actions but it can be easily extended to other similar models, &#x00a0; to labelled 1-safe Petri nets. Further hardness results are shown for special cases of acyclic systems.
Securing the Dissemination of Emergency Response Data with an Integrated Hardware-Software Architecture
Authors: Timothy E. Levin, Jeffrey S. Dwoskin, Ganesha Bhaskara, Thuy D. Nguyen, Paul C. Clark, Ruby B. Lee, Cynthia E. Irvine, Terry V. Benzel
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Trusted Computing (2009)

During many crises, access to sensitive emergency-support information is required to save lives and property. For example, for effective evacuations first responders need the names and addresses of non-ambulatory residents. Yet, currently, access to such information may not be possible because government policy makers and third-party data providers lack confidence that today's IT systems will protect their data. Our approach to the management of emergency information provides first responders with temporary, transient access to sensitive information, and ensures that the information is revoked after the emergency. The following contributions are presented: a systematic analysis of the basic forms of trusted communication supported by the architecture; a comprehensive method for secure, distributed emergency state management; a method to allow a userspace application to securely display data; a multifaceted system analysis of the confinement of emergency information and the secure and complete revocation of access to that information at the closure of an emergency.
Efficient clique detection among mobile targets
Authors: Georg Treu, Axel Küpper, Oliver Neukum, Claudia Linnhoff-Popien
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Mobile Technology, Applications, and Systems (2008)

Clique detection is a base mechanism of proactive multitarget Location-based Services (LBSs), ranging from mobile social network services to logistics. A clique is a set of n mobile targets which are pairwise located within spatial proximity range. Clique detection refers to automatically detecting such cliques within a set S of size s &ge; n of tracked targets. Assuming terminal-based positioning like GPS, the paper presents an efficient clique detection strategy for reducing the message exchange between the targets' devices and a central location server for correlating the targets' positions. The basic idea is to prove the non-existence of a clique as long as it does not exist. Based on conclusions from graph theory, this is achieved by distributing the members of S into n -- 1 so-called independent sets, which are sets of targets known to be pairwise not within proximity range. For maintaining the independent sets, proximity detection between two targets, for which efficient strategies already exist, is dynamically applied to selected pairs of targets. Based on simulations it turns out that, compared to a rudimentary strategy, the achieved message savings are substantial.
Path independent integral JF* for circular arc crack: FEM-investigation under mechanical and thermal loads
Authors: Debashis Khan, K. Biswas
Venue: Finite Elements in Analysis and Design (2009)

A conservation integral J"F^* consisting of path and area integrals, derived from the virtual work principle, was proposed for a two-dimensional stationary circular arc crack subjected to multiple loads. As a sequel to this work, an approach to compute this integral in the finite element context is presented here. The invariant property of J"F^*, computed on various contours for two typical geometries is examined. The first part of the investigation concerns the elastic-plastic analyses under mechanical loads while in the second part; solutions are obtained for thermal loads. Applications of three plasticity models along with different material properties are considered. Numerical results, within the limits of computational accuracy, demonstrate that the path independence is well preserved over the integration contours for both mechanical and thermal loads. Comments are also made on the utility of the integral to practical engineering problems.
Heuristics for balancing operating room and post-anesthesia resources under uncertainty
Authors: Jill H. Iser, Brian T. Denton, Russell E. King
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Winter Simulation (2008)

The Post-Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) is a shared resource in the hospital where patients recover from surgery. It is fed by a set of Operating Rooms (OR's) often spanning several surgical services. It is insufficient to determine the best surgery schedule for any single OR without considering available PACU capacity. We model this as a two-stage process where the first stage is surgery and the second, post-anesthesia recovery. An interesting aspect of the second-stage process is that it begins as soon as the first stage has concluded even if a PACU bed is not available. In this case, the OR continues to house the recovering patient until a PACU bed is available. We analyze the structure of the problem, evaluate several heuristics based on competing performance measures for surgical suite efficiency, and present results of numerical experiments and insights that can be derived from them.
Web Service Based Asynchronous Service Execution Environment
Authors: Davide Cipolla, Fabrizio Cosso, Matteo Demartini, Marc Drewniok, Francesco Moggia, Paola Renditore, Jürgen Sienel
Venue: Service-Oriented Computing - ICSOC 2007 Workshops: ICSOC 2007, International Workshops, Vienna, Austria, September 17, 2007, Revised Selected Papers (2009)

In the design and implementation of today's and tomorrow's telecommunication platforms, a special attention is given to enable rapid application development for both the service provider and the end-user by providing very advanced and sophisticated Service Creation Environments (SCEs). Many of such development tools are designed as GUI-based and allow to compose high level services by connecting blocks representing the basic functionalities. By hiding most of the technical information from the user, requirements to the platform increase, to cope with such abstract representation and provide more sophisticated functionalities in the service execution and administration environment.. The integration of functionalities belonging to telecommunication and Internet models and the adoption of a more intuitive event-driven composition and execution model raise a number of issues which must be solved to provide a solid execution platform. This paper describes how a majority of these issues have been tackled in the development of the Service Execution Environment (SEE) for the OPUCE platform. Section 1 will introduce the concept of OPUCE Services by describing the composition model adopted in the Service Creation Environment. Section 2 will describe the Service Execution Environment architecture, explaining how it can support the execution of OPUCE Services as previously defined. Section 3, will explain the reasons behind the choices of web service and BPEL technologies to implement the SEE. Section 4 will describe the specification and the actual implementation of the Service Logic Engine. In Section 5 conclusions are drawn and an outlook on future work is provided.
Putting Usable Intelligence into Multimedia Applications
Authors: Mark T. Maybury
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems - Volume 2 (1999)

Traditionally usability holds the status of an art applied by limited, highly expert scientists and engineers intended to enhance the design of hardware and software for the ultimate benefit of the end user. In the creation of human computer interfaces, the usability engineer (or should we say integace artist) has at her disposal a number of techniques ranging from Wizard of Oz experiments to cognitive complexity analyses to help determine the ideal interface to an application. In this position paper, we claim two basic points. First, that systems are rapidly increasing in complexity and breadth of use that even interface artists are no longer able to predict the range and contexts of uses of these systems and thus have an increasingly dijjicult task of creating interfaces to serve a range of users and situations. Secondly, we claim that increasing intelligence in both the interface and applications will ultimately wield this application complexiQ. We illustrate this with examples from intelligent multimedia integaces and an innovative multimedia news understanding domain. We conclude by sketching a new approach to interface instrumentation and evaluation currently being explored at MITRE that promises a methodology for advancement.
Estimating water infiltration and retention characteristics using a computer program in R
Authors: C. T. Omuto, L. O. Gumbe
Venue: Computers Geosciences (2009)

Infiltration and water retention functions are widely used soil hydraulic properties in the geosciences. They contain coefficients known as hydraulic parameters that are traditionally obtained through curve-fitting. Computer programs for the curve-fitting process are available for certain infiltration or water retention models. However, these programs are either not freely accessible or do not estimate certain hydraulic parameters. They are also inefficient and prone to errors for applications involving large datasets. This paper discusses the use of a freely accessible HydroMe package for fast, efficient, and accurate estimation of soil hydraulic parameters in some commonly used infiltration and water retention models. The package is executable in the freely downloadable R programming software. It contains a program for estimating the parameters in infiltration models previously proposed. The program is capable of estimating parameters from arrays of grouped data in one single pass without having to enter the data each time for the parameter estimation. It incorporates mixed-effects and covariate modelling techniques for improved estimation accuracy. These techniques are not common in any other computer programs in the geosciences. Through covariate modelling, the package provides opportunity to include environmental correlates in the estimation of soil hydraulic parameters. Therefore, HydroMe not only improves the estimation accuracy and efficiency, but also provides insight into environmental risk factors that influence the management of soil and water resources.