ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Extraction of Embedded Class Information from Universal Character Pattern
Authors: S. Uchida, M. Sakai, M. Iwamura, S. Omachi, K. Kise
Venue: Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition - Volume 01 (2007)

This paper is concerned with a universal pattern, which is defined as a character pattern designed to have high machine-readability. This universal pattern is a charac- ter pattern printed with stripes. The cross ratio calculated from the widths of the stripes represents the character class. Thus, if the boundaries of the stripes can be detected for measuring the widths, the class can be determined without ordinary recognition process. Furthermore, since the cross ratio is invariant to projective distortions, the correct class will be still determined under those distortions. This pa- per describes a practical scheme to recognize this universal pattern. The proposed scheme includes a novel algorithm to detect the stripe boundaries stably even from the universal pattern image contaminated by non-uniform lighting and noise. The algorithm is realized by a combination of a dy- namic programming-based optimal boundary detection and a finite state automaton which represents the property of the universal pattern. Experimental results showed the pro- posed scheme could recognize 99.6% of the universal pat- tern images which underwent heavy projective distortions and non-uniform lighting.
Modelling and control of the motion of a riderless bicycle rolling on a moving plane
Authors: Y. Yavin
Venue: Computers Mathematics with Applications (2007)

This work deals with the modelling and control of a riderless bicycle rolling on a moving plane. It is assumed here that the bicycle is controlled by a pedalling torque, a directional torque and by a rotor mounted on the crossbar that generates a tilting torque. In particular, a kinematic model of the bicycle's motion is derived by using its dynamic model. Then, using this kinematic model, the expressions for the applied torques are obtained.
Synthesizing heavy association rules from different real data sources
Authors: Animesh Adhikari, P. R. Rao
Venue: Pattern Recognition Letters (2008)

Many large organizations have multiple databases distributed over different branches. Number of such organizations is increasing over time. Thus, it is necessary to study data mining on multiple databases. In this paper the following contributions are made: Firstly, an extended model is proposed for synthesizing global patterns from local patterns in different databases. Secondly, the notion of heavy association rule in multiple databases is introduced, and an algorithm for synthesizing such association rules in multiple databases is thus proposed. Thirdly, the notion of exceptional association rule in multiple databases is introduced, and an extension is made to the proposed algorithm to notify whether a heavy association rule is high-frequent or exceptional. We present experimental results on three real datasets. Also, we make a comparative analysis between the proposed algorithm and existing algorithm.
Recursive hidden-line elimination on an infinite surface
Authors: Philip Greenspun, James J. Little
Venue: ACM SIGPLAN Lisp Pointers (1988)

Algorithms that display a piece of an arbitrary, infinite surface with a vector display or pen plotter are well-known (Figure 1). Iterative algorithms can be time-consuming to implement in Fortran or PL/1. We designed, coded and debugged a substantially more perspicuous implementation in Common Lisp in about two hours on a Symbolics 3670.
The aesthetics of touch in interaction design
Authors: Nima Motamedi
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 conference on Designing pleasurable products and interfaces (2007)

The sense of touch has been traditionally neglected in aesthetics. However, interaction design seems to always require some level of tactility or body activity for the experience. In this paper, I first give an overview of the historical arguments against a tactile aesthetics and offer reasons why these reasons are no longer valid. In the second section, I briefly present two design projects exploring unique tactile interfaces in an attempt to reconcile tactility with the aesthetics of interaction.
Event Based Mobility Model for Subway Scenarios
Authors: Vincent Toubiana, Houda Labiod, Bennet Fischer
Venue: Proceedings of the Third IEEE International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (2007)

High cost and complexity of Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANETs) testbeds let simulation as the best solution to experiment MANETs protocols and applications. Thus improving current simulation tools become crucial to provide valuable results. Mobility and propagation models are key element to realistically simulate user's behaviour and wave propagations and therefore assure the validity of the simulations results. Unfortunately, accurate mobility models are complex and consider a wide range of parameters. Indeed to reflect reality every detail which may modify the mobility of users has to be included in the models. Consequently most of the realistic simulations models are not scalable and involve excessive computation time. Furthermore, these models are very generic and fail to capture the impact of event in real environments. In this paper we present an accurate Subway Mobility Model which requires only few parameters. Moreover the simulated environment represents an application prolific context which can easily be set up. Finally we provide average simulation execution time for large networks and a comparison with the Random Waypoint model
Evaluating an Automated Tool to Assist Evolutionary Document Generation
Authors: G. Gweon, L. Bergman, V. Castelli, R. K. E. Bellamy
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (2007)

While using how-to documents for guidance in performing computer-based tasks, users often run into problems due to inaccurate, out-of-date and incomplete documentation. These problems are often due to current documentation practices, which fail to keep how-to documents current, accurate, and complete. We believe that automated support for incremental update of how-to-documents, through the use of programming by demonstration and guided walkthrough techniques, is more effective than existing practice and produces documents that cause fewer problems for their users. In this paper, we present a study that evaluates this belief by comparing DocWizards, a tool utilizing these techniques, with a standard word processor. We show that more effective and efficient documentation can be generated by multiple authors using DocWizards in an incremental process, with effort comparable to that incurred using a traditional tool.
Ranking of customer requirements in a competitive environment
Authors: Xin Lai, Min Xie, Kay-Chuan Tan, Bo Yang
Venue: Computers and Industrial Engineering (2008)

Quality function deployment (QFD) has been widely used to translate customer requirements to a product's technical attributes. Correctly rating the importance of every customer requirement is essential to the QFD process because it will largely affect the final target value of a product's technical attributes. This paper proposes a new customer requirements ranking method that considers competitors' information. In today's competitive environment, there are usually several products to fulfill certain functions. The success of a product depends not only on whether it meets the customer requirements, but also on how it compares with competitor products. Most previous methods focus only on the customer perspective, and ignore the competitive environment. The proposed method considers competition position, current performance and customers' viewpoint to produce the ratings. In addition, this method uses fuzzy mathematics instead of crisp numbers to capture the true customer requirements. Compared with previous methods, this method is more meaningful and provides companies with a way to find the best product design strategy. A numerical example is shown to illustrate the approach.
((lambda (discussions) (report on X3J13)) (work on an international standard))
Authors: Robert F. Mathis
Venue: ACM SIGPLAN Lisp Pointers (1987)

X3J13 has always taken a very active interest in the progress of an international standard for Lisp. We would very much like to make sure that the national and international standards for Lisp turn out to be the same.
Classifier design with feature selection and feature extraction using layered genetic programming
Authors: Jung-Yi Lin, Hao-Ren Ke, Been-Chian Chien, Wei-Pang Yang
Venue: Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal (2008)

This paper proposes a novel method called FLGP to construct a classifier device of capability in feature selection and feature extraction. FLGP is developed with layered genetic programming that is a kind of the multiple-population genetic programming. Populations advance to an optimal discriminant function to divide data into two classes. Two methods of feature selection are proposed. New features extracted by certain layer are used to be the training set of next layer's populations. Experiments on several well-known datasets are made to demonstrate performance of FLGP.
Reengineering Standard Java Runtime Systems through Dynamic Bytecode Instrumentation
Authors: Walter Binder, Jarle Hulaas, Philippe Moret
Venue: Proceedings of the Seventh IEEE International Working Conference on Source Code Analysis and Manipulation (2007)

Java bytecode instrumentation is a widely used technique, especially for profiling purposes. In order to ensure the instrumentation of all classes in the system, including dynamically generated or downloaded code, instrumentation has to be performed at runtime. The standard JDK offers some mechanisms for dynamic instrumentation, which however either require the use of native code or impose severe restrictions on the instrumentation of certain core classes of the JDK. These limitations prevent several instrumentation techniques that are important for efficient, calling context-sensitive profiling. In this paper we present a generic bytecode instrumentation framework that goes beyond these restrictions and enables the customized, dynamic instrumentation of all classes in pure Java. Our framework addresses important issues, such as bootstrapping an instrumented JDK, as well as avoiding measurement perturbations due to dynamic instrumentation or execution of instrumentation code. We validated and evaluated our framework using an instrumentation for exact profiling which generates complete calling context trees of various platform-independent dynamic metrics.
Design methodology for global resonant H-tree clock distribution networks
Authors: Jonathan Rosenfeld, Eby G. Friedman
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems (2007)

Design guidelines for resonant H-tree clock distribution networks are presented in this paper. A distributed model of a two-level resonant H-tree structure is described, supporting the design of low power, skew, and jitter resonant H-tree clock distribution networks. Excellent agreement is shown between the proposed model and SpectraS simulations. A case study is presented that demonstrates the design of a two-level resonant H-tree network, distributing a 5-GHz clock signal in a 0.18-µm CMOS technology. This example exhibits an 84% decrease in power dissipation as compared to a standard H-tree clock distribution network. The design methodology enables tradeoffs among design variables to be examined, such as the operating frequency, the size of the on-chip inductors and capacitors, the output resistance of the driving buffer, and the interconnect width. A sensitivity analysis of resonant H-tree clock distribution networks is also provided. The effect of the driving buffer output resistance, on-chip inductor and capacitor size, and signal and shielding transmission line width and spacing on the output voltage swing and power consumption is described.
Prioritizing equipments for preventive maintenance (PM) activities using fuzzy rules
Authors: Amir Khanlari, Kaveh Mohammadi, Babak Sohrabi
Venue: Computers and Industrial Engineering (2008)

Maintenance, as a support function in businesses, plays an important role in backing up any emerging business and operation strategies. It is required to maximize the reliability of equipment and systems. Among them, preventive maintenance (PM) involves the repair, replacement, and maintenance of equipment in order to avoid unexpected failure during use. The objective of any PM program is the minimization of the total cost of inspection and repair, and equipment downtime (measured in terms of lost production capacity or reduced product quality). Maintenance activities have been regarded as a necessary expense that belongs to the operating budget. But since, organizational resources are limited and scarce, prioritizing equipments for assigning resources is essential. In this paper, fuzzy rules used to interpret linguistic variables for determination of priorities. Using this approach, such verbal expressions, which cannot be explicitly analyzed or statistically expressed, are herein quantified and used in decision making.
A field study of community bar: (mis)-matches between theory and practice
Authors: Natalia Romero, Gregor McEwan, Saul Greenberg
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 international ACM conference on Supporting group work (2007)

Community Bar (CB) is groupware supporting informal awareness and casual interaction. CB's design was derived from three sources: prior empirical research findings concerning informal awareness and casual interaction, a comprehensive sociological theory called the Locales Framework, and the Focus/Nimbus model of awareness. We conducted a field study of a group's on-going CB use. We use its results to reflect upon the matches and mis-matches that occurred between the theoretical and actual usage behaviors anticipated by our design principles vs. those observed in our deployment. As a critique, this reflectionis an important iterative step in recognizing flaws not just as usability problems, but as an incorrect translation of theory into design that can be re-analyzed from a theoretical perspective.
Visualizing clone detection results
Authors: Robert Tairas, Jeff Gray, Ira D. Baxter
Venue: Proceedings of the twenty-second IEEE/ACM international conference on Automated software engineering (2007)

It has been observed by many practitioners that software applications frequently contain redundant code fragments. This redundancy is often caused by the common programming practice of replicating (or cloning) existing code and then customizing code fragments to handle new demands within an application. An IT organization consequently spends significant amounts of its budget maintaining such code (e.g., a bug in one code fragment is also a bug in all of its replicated clones). To address the challenges of clone detection and maintenance, this demo will introduce a new open source tool that can be used to visualize the results of CloneDR™, which is a commercial clone detection tool (a free version of the tool is available for Java). Several open source projects will be used as case studies to demonstrate the usage of the visualization tool
Design and implementation of Log-Gabor filter in fingerprint image enhancement
Authors: Wei Wang, Jianwei Li, Feifei Huang, Hailiang Feng
Venue: Pattern Recognition Letters (2008)

The performance of automatic fingerprint identification system relies heavily on the quality of fingerprint images. Fingerprint enhancement is essential to ensure the robustness of fingerprint identification with respect to the image quality. Gabor filtering is the most popular method in fingerprint enhancement. To overcome the limitations of traditional Gabor filter and promote fingerprint enhancement performance, the Log-Gabor filter is introduced in this paper. The design method and implementation scheme of Log-Gabor filter in fingerprint enhancement are described in detail. The enhancement performance is assessed on standard fingerprint databases. Experimental results show that the proposed Log-Gabor filtering method can effectively improve the fingerprint image quality and promote the reliability of fingerprint identification.
Dependability, access diversity, low cost: pick two
Authors: Ming Chen, Lex Stein, Zheng Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd workshop on on Hot Topics in System Dependability (2007)

Storage systems and data centers are growing rapidly and costing more, with higher energy bills. Users want dependable access to a wide variety of diverse content, but providers want to lower costs. Many studies have looked at the tradeoffs between cost and dependability, but few have looked carefully at how content request diversity changes this relationship. In this paper, we model a disk array and develop an analytical framework to study the relationships between dependability, access diversity, and low cost. We show how access diversity changes the relationship between cost and dependability and that all three are in tension with one another. It is possible to improve any two together, but not all three simultaneously.
Reverse alarm clock: a research through design example of designing for the self
Authors: Kursat F. Ozenc, James P. Brommer, Bong-keum Jeong, Nina Shih, Karen Au, John Zimmerman
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 conference on Designing pleasurable products and interfaces (2007)

This paper documents a first attempt at "designing for the self", an approach to designing products intended to help people move closer to their idealized sense of self as they perform a specific role through the interaction with a product. This work follows a research through design approach, applying theory from consumer behavior research to address the needs of dual-income parents with young children. The clock, called the reverse alarm clock attempts to meet the goal of "Design for the Self" in four ways. First, the clock communicates information about time in a form children can understand, and so help children learn to become more responsible. Second, it gives parents more control over their lives by allowing them in absentia to relatively control the expression of time to their children. Third, the interaction with the clock has been placed within the intimate bedtime ritual parents and children share. Fourth, by keeping young children from waking their parents in the middle of the night, the clock increases parents' emotional reserve to deal with the morning rush. This paper details the design process and evaluation of the reverse alarm clock and provides our insights on designing for the self through the reflection of our process.
Chaos-Based Cryptography: End of the Road?
Authors: Daniel-Ioan Curiac, Daniel Iercan, Octavian Dranga, Florin Dragan, Ovidiu Banias
Venue: Proceedings of the The International Conference on Emerging Security Information, Systems, and Technologies (2007)

Chaos-based cryptography emerged in the early 1990s as an innovative application of nonlinear dynamics in the chaotic regime. Even if in theory chaotic dynamics was thought to evolve into a new revolution in cryptography, in real-life an efficient and reliable chaos-based cryptosystem didn't emerge. The main but not the only reason is the dynamic degradation of digital chaotic systems, a subject that became very popular in the last few years. This paper presents a new theoretical background related to this issue that proves the inefficiency of chaos-based encryption algorithms. Even more, in one of the two relevant case studies presented, another myth is demolished: the analog encryption base on synchronized chaos.
Design-for-test techniques for opens in undetected branches in CMOS latches and flip-flops
Authors: Antonio Zenteno Ramirez, Guillermo Espinosa, Victor Champac
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems (2007)

In this paper, a design-for-testability (DFT) technique to test open defects in otherwise undetectable faulty branches in fully static CMOS latches and flip-flops is proposed. The main benefits of our proposal are: 1) it is able to detect a parametric range of resistive opens defects and 2) the performance degradation is very low. The testability of the added DFT circuitry is also addressed. The cost of the proposed technique in terms of speed degradation, area overhead, and extra pins is analyzed. Comparison with other previously proposed testable latches is carried out. Circuits with the proposed technique have been designed and fabricated. Good agreement is observed between the analytical analysis, simulations and experimental measures performed on the fabricated circuits.
DigitalBeing - using the environment as an expressive medium for dance
Authors: Magy Seif El-Nasr, Athanasios V. Vasilakos
Venue: Information Sciences: an International Journal (2008)

Dancers express their feelings and moods through gestures and body movements. We seek to extend this mode of expression by dynamically and automatically adjusting music and lighting in the dance environment to reflect the dancer's arousal state. Our intention is to offer a space that performance artists can use as a creative tool that extends the grammar of dance. To enable the dynamic manipulation of lighting and music, the performance space will be augmented with several sensors: physiological sensors worn by a dancer to measure her arousal state, as well as pressure sensors installed in a floor mat to track the dancers' locations and movements. Data from these sensors will be passed to a three layered architecture. Layer 1 is composed of a sensor analysis system that analyzes and synthesizes physiological and pressure sensor signals. Layer 2 is composed of intelligent systems that adapt lighting and music to portray the dancer's arousal state. The intelligent on-stage lighting system dynamically adjusts on-stage lighting direction and color. The intelligent virtual lighting system dynamically adapts virtual lighting in the projected imagery. The intelligent music system dynamically and unobtrusively adjusts the music. Layer 3 translates the high-level adjustments made by the intelligent systems in layer 2 to appropriate lighting board, image rendering, and audio box commands. Furthermore the resulting artifact is the DigitalBeing - a personal signature of the dancer in digital space. In this paper, we will describe this architecture in detail as well as the equipment and control systems used.
Comments on "A Measure of Computational Work" and "Logical Network Cost and Entropy"
Authors: K. Mase
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (1978)

This note indicates an observation on the relationship between the independent works of Hellerman on a measure of computational work and of Cook and Flynn on the average minimum cost of logical networks.
Temporal filtering of visual speech for audio-visual speech recognition in acoustically and visually challenging environments
Authors: Jong-Seok Lee, Cheol Hoon Park
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Multimodal interfaces (2007)

The use of visual information of speech has been shown to be effective for compensating for performance degradation of acoustic speech recognition in noisy environments. However, visual noise is usually ignored in most of audio-visual speech recognition systems, while it can be included in visual speech signals during acquisition or transmission of the signals. In this paper, we present a new temporal filtering technique for extraction of noise-robust visual features. In the proposed method, a carefully designed band-pass filter is applied to the temporal pixel value sequences of lip region images in order to remove unwanted temporal variations due to visual noise, illumination conditions or speakers' appearances. We demonstrate that the method can improve not only visual speech recognition performance for clean and noisy images but also audio-visual speech recognition performance in both acoustically and visually noisy conditions.