ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Systems engineering leading indicators for assessing program and technical effectiveness
Authors: Donna H. Rhodes, Ricardo Valerdi, Garry J. Roedler
Venue: Systems Engineering (2009)

This paper discusses a 3-year initiative to transform classical systems engineering (SE) measures into leading indicators, including the resulting guidance information that has been developed and future research directions. Systems engineering leading indicators are measures for evaluating the effectiveness of the systems engineering activities on a program in a manner that provides information about impacts that are likely to affect the system or program performance objectives. A leading indicator may be an individual measure, or collection of measures, that is predictive of future system performance before the performance is realized. Contrary to simple status oriented measures typically used on most projects, leading indicators are intended to provide insight into the probable future state, allowing projects to improve the management and performance of complex programs before problems arise. This paper discusses the motivations and collaborative development of the SE leading indicators. It defines the leading indicator construct, introduces the initial set of 13 indicators, and provides guidance for implementation, analysis, and interpretation of these indicators. The initial set of indicators, developed through a collaboration of industry, government, and academia, has recently undergone validation through pilot studies and surveys. This work serves as a foundation for industry implementation and for further research to improve and expand the set of indicators, including development of a better understanding of how to best implement and use the leading indicators in a given program context. &copy; 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Eng
Secure and precise location verification using distance bounding and simultaneous multilateration
Authors: Jerry T. Chiang, Jason J. Haas, Yih-Chun Hu
Venue: Proceedings of the second ACM conference on Wireless network security (2009)

Due to the widespread adoption of the Global Positioning System (GPS), many systems have been designed to use the location information of participants. When these systems confer rights (such as access rights) based on location, such claim must be securely verified in order to prevent attackers from gaining access to resources that should be restricted. Substantial effort has been made on secure location verification; however, previous work does not address the impact of collusion attacks where adversaries share their private keys nor do they address a possible jamming attack where attackers inject a high amount of noise to prevent successful challenge and response receptions. In this paper, we propose a secure multilateration scheme that provides maximal security achievable by any time-of-flight based system that does not employ other verification methods.
Assessing effectiveness of the cognitive abilities and individual differences on e-learning portal usability evaluation
Authors: Dilek Karahoca, Adem Karahoca, Ali Güngör
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Systems and Technologies and Workshop for PhD Students in Computing (2008)

In this paper, we are investigating relationships between end users' cognitive abilities, individual differences, and e-learning portal usability to create an indicator between individual differences and software usability. The usability of http://e-learning.bahcesehir.edu.tr that has intellectual content including a web portal is evaluated in design and development phases by 116 (72 male, 46 female) subjects who are registered to "HUM1005 History of Civilization I" general elective course. They completed four different surveys respectively: an IQ survey, a personality survey, motivation survey and software usability measurement inventory (SUMI). SUMI is used to assess the evaluations of the subjects to the web site. This research compares intelligence, personal factors, and motivation factors against the personal software usability results, in order to determine the correlations and associations between the usability of software and end users' individual differences. Finally, the assumption, "the usability of any software does not only depend on the requirements of the users, but also, cognitive abilities and personality factors of the end users", is overlapped with our findings. Noteworthy correlation (Rho=0.57, p<0.01) found between GPA and usability score.
Analog Circuit Design: High-speed Clock and Data Recovery, High-performance Amplifiers, Power Management, 1 edition
Authors: Michiel Steyaert, Arthur H.M. van Roermund, Herman Casier
Venue:  (2008)

Analog Circuit Design contains the contribution of 18 tutorials of the 17th workshop on Advances in Analog Circuit Design. Each part discusses a specific to-date topic on new and valuable design ideas in the area of analog circuit design. Each part is presented by six experts in that field and state of the art information is shared and overviewed. This book is number 17 in this successful series of Analog Circuit Design.
Design of a class library for association relationships
Authors: Kasper Østerbye
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 Symposium on Library-Centric Software Design (2007)

Association is an important relationship that is supported in both UML and entity relationship database modeling tools. However, there is no language or library support in current object-oriented languages for implementing an association relationship. Instead, a complex implementation using references or collections of references must be handcrafted and laboriously maintained each time an association relationship is needed. In this paper, we develop an approach to supporting the association relationship through the design of a reusable class library that hides most of the complexity and guarantees that the consistency of the relationship is maintained automatically. Our current library implementation in C# draws on generic types with runtime type instantiation, runtime reflection on type parameters, annotations on classes, and runtime code generation. This set of language features seems to be necessary to provide effective support for association relationships.
Oblivious Transfer from Weak Noisy Channels
Authors: Jürg Wullschleger
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th Theory of Cryptography Conference on Theory of Cryptography (2009)

Various results show that oblivious transfer can be implemented using the assumption of noisy channels. Unfortunately, this assumption is not as weak as one might think, because in a cryptographic setting, these noisy channels must satisfy very strong security requirements.Unfair noisy channels, introduced by Damgård, Kilian and Salvail [Eurocrypt '99], reduce these limitations: They give the adversary an unfair advantage over the honest player, and therefore weaken the security requirements on the noisy channel. However, this model still has many shortcomings: For example, the adversary's advantage is only allowed to have a very special form, and no error is allowed in the implementation.In this paper we generalize the idea of unfair noisy channels. We introduce two new models of cryptographic noisy channels that we call the weak erasure channel and the weak binary symmetric channel, and show how they can be used to implement oblivious transfer. Our models are more general and use much weaker assumptions than unfair noisy channels, which makes implementation a more realistic prospect. For example, these are the first models that allow the parameters to come from experimental evidence.
Use of a multi-programming mini-computer for real time control applications
Authors: Fredric C. Jaye, Ronald J. Reiner
Venue: Proceedings of the May 6-10, 1974, national computer conference and exposition (1974)

During the spring of 1973, the Environmental Protection Agency Research Center at the Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, began the process of constructing a medium scale wind tunnel for research in stationary source air pollutant emissions measurement. This stationary source simulation facility consists of a closed loop stainless steel wind tunnel capable of 20 meters/second velocity and 200&deg;C operation with a wide variety of gases, particulate matter, and other contaminates circulating in the gas stream. The combustion products CO2, CO, and H2O are generated by a million BTU/hour combustion unit. The remaining H2O is injected directly as steam as are the sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. The particulate matter is suspended in a large fluidized bed aerosol generator and aspirated into the wind tunnel.
A data bank for on-line process control: the synchrotron injector
Authors: A. Daneels
Venue: Proceedings of the May 6-10, 1974, national computer conference and exposition (1974)

The need for a data bank results from the complete computerization of the CERN Proton Synchrotron injector process. This process was designed so as to allow on-line control of most of its variables and a complex software system was developed for multiple and simultaneous control. Emphasis was put on "interactive control" i.e. several operators may control in parallel part of the synchrotron injector through computer-driven consoles. Conflicting control has to be avoided and therefore a centralized information base or data bank was developed.
High order nonlinear solver
Authors: B. Neta, Anthony N. Johnson
Venue: Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering (2008)

An eighth order method for finding simple zeros of nonlinear functions is developed. The method requires two function- and three derivative-evaluation per step. If we define informational efficiency of a method as the order per function evaluation, we find that our method has informational efficiency of 1.6.
Rotation and Scale Invariant Texture Analysis with Tunable Gabor Filter Banks
Authors: Xinqi Chu, Kap Luk Chan
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd Pacific Rim Symposium on Advances in Image and Video Technology (2009)

In this paper, we propose a method that can be used for image texture recognition in the presence of concurrent rotation and scale changes with tunable directional bandpass Gabor filter banks. The method relies on the analysis of the frequency spectra of the image textures, and from which the rotation and scale changes are estimated using a new spectral shift measure. Tunable Gabor filter banks are designed based on the spectral shift measure. Spectral features obtained from applying the tuned Gabor filter bank are used in a novel search strategy to achieve texture recognition. The proposed method is compared with a non-tunable Gabor filter bank and the improvement in recognition performance is demonstrated through the experimental results on 112 Brodatz textures.
Pictogram and Icon Collection: From Public Signage to Web Icons, Bilingual edition
Authors: Pie
Venue:  (2008)

The pictograms seen in urban signage such as department stores, museums, Olympic venues, public toilets, in print media, and on the Web are compiled in this single volume. This book presents outstanding pictograms and icons created by professionals from fifteen different countries around the world, categorized by industry for easy reference. Featuring a foreword by Ruedi Regg, a well-known graphic designer and visiting professor and guest lecturer at Ohio University, Kent State University, Carnegie Mellon University, and Cooper Union Design School. As Regg says, "Pictograms organize. Pictograms create order in an often chaotic world." Without pictograms and signs, todays complicated multi-language world would not work, and thus, user-friendly pictograms are demanded for public spaces. When reviewing the selected 180 examples from fifteen countries, readers will see the universality of the designs, and understand what a good sign is supposed to look like.
Segmenting online game customers - The perspective of experiential marketing
Authors: Jyh-Jian Sheu, Yan-Hua Su, Ko-Tsung Chu
Venue: Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal (2009)

In this paper, we developed measurement scales for five experiential modules of the SEMs for online game players and the three attributes that are repurchase desire, public praise and recommendation desire and cross-purchase desire to set up the decision trees from the collected questionnaires of existence players. Accounting to the online games consumers attributes' literatures, we located and modified the important influential factors for each experiential module. Then, by applying the technique of decision tree data mining, we explored the potential relationship between the important influential factors and customer loyalty. The major contribution of this paper is to integrate data mining and experiential marketing to segment online game customers. These results can help firms to predict and understand the new consumers' purchase behavior. According to this understanding, online games' manufactures could draw up the different market strategies to increase the more purchase for the new different attributes' consumers.
A novel clustering algorithm based on the extension theory and genetic algorithm
Authors: Meng-Hui Wang, Yi-Feng Tseng, Hung-Cheng Chen, Kuei-Hsiang Chao
Venue: Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal (2009)

This paper presents a novel clustering method this is called extension genetic algorithm (EGA). The new method is a combination of extension theory and genetic algorithm (GA). In the past, we used the extension method in some clustering problems. With the method, we had to rely on experiences to set rules on classical domain and weight, which caused to increase two tedious and complicated steps in clustering processes. In order to improve this defect, the paper uses the EGA to find the best parameter of classical domain. Through the simulations, we prove that this new method can eliminate try and error adjustment of modeling parameters and increase the accuracy of clustering problems. Experimental results from three different examples, including two benchmark data sets and one practical application, verify the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed work.
Verification of arithmetic datapaths using polynomial function models and congruence solving
Authors: Neal Tew, Priyank Kalla, Namrata Shekhar, Sivaram Gopalakrishnan
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer-Aided Design (2008)

This paper addresses the problem of solving finite word-length (bit-vector) arithmetic with applications to equivalence verification of arithmetic datapaths. Arithmetic datapath designs perform a sequence of Add, Mult, Shift, Compare, Concatenate, Extract, etc., operations over bit-vectors. We show that such arithmetic operations can be modeled, as constraints, using a system of polynomial functions of the type f: Z2n1 x Z2n2 x &middot;&middot;&middot; x Z2nd &rarr; Z2m. This enables the use of modulo-arithmetic based decision procedures for solving such problems in one unified domain. We devise a decision procedure using Newton's p-adic iteration to solve such arithmetic with composite moduli, while properly accounting for the word-sizes of the operands. We describe our implementation and show how the basic p-adic approach can be improved upon. Experiments are performed over some communication and signal processing designs that perform non-linear and polynomial arithmetic over word-level inputs. Results demonstrate the potential and limitations of our approach, when compared against SAT-based approaches.
Flicker compensation for archived film sequences using a segmentation-based nonlinear model
Authors: Guillaume Forbin, Theodore Vlachos
Venue: EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing (2008)

A new approach for the compensation of temporal brightness variations (commonly referred to as flicker) in archived film sequences is presented. The proposed method uses fundamental principles of photographic image registration to provide adaptation to temporal and spatial variations of picture brightness. The main novelty of this work is the use of spatial segmentation to identify regions of homogeneous brightness for which reliable estimation of flicker parameters can be obtained. Additionally our scheme incorporates an efficient mechanism for the compensation of long duration film sequences while it addresses problems arising from varying scene motion and illumination using a novel motion-compensated grey-level tracing approach. We present experimental evidence which suggests that our method offers high levels of performance and compares favourably with competing state-of-the-art techniques.
Dynamic shape outlier detection for human locomotion
Authors: Chan-Su Lee, Ahmed Elgammal
Venue: Computer Vision and Image Understanding (2009)

Dynamic human shape in video contains rich perceptual information, such as the body posture, identity, and even the emotional state of a person. Human locomotion activities, such as walking and running, have familiar spatiotemporal patterns that can easily be detected in arbitrary views. We present a framework for detecting shape outliers for human locomotion using a dynamic shape model that factorizes the body posture, the viewpoint, and the individual's shape style. The model uses a common embedding of the kinematic manifold of the motion and factorizes the shape variability with respect to different viewpoints and shape styles in the space of the coefficients of the nonlinear mapping functions that are used to generate the shapes from the kinematic manifold representation. Given a corrupted input silhouette, an iterative procedure is used to recover the body posture, viewpoint, and shape style. We use the proposed outlier detection approach to fill in the holes in the input silhouettes, and detect carried objects, shadows, and abnormal motions.
Compatible geometric matchings
Authors: Oswin Aichholzer, Sergey Bereg, Adrian Dumitrescu, Alfredo García, Clemens Huemer, Ferran Hurtado, Mikio Kano, Alberto Márquez, David Rappaport, Shakhar Smorodinsky, Diane Souvaine, Jorge Urrutia, David R. Wood
Venue: Computational Geometry: Theory and Applications (2009)

This paper studies non-crossing geometric perfect matchings. Two such perfect matchings are compatible if they have the same vertex set and their union is also non-crossing. Our first result states that for any two perfect matchings M and M^' of the same set of n points, for some k@?O(logn), there is a sequence of perfect matchings M=M"0,M"1,...,M"k=M^', such that each M"i is compatible with M"i"+"1. This improves the previous best bound of k=
The other brother: re-experiencing spontaneous moments from domestic life
Authors: John Helmes, Caroline Hummels, Abigail Sellen
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Tangible and Embedded Interaction (2009)

In this paper, we describe "The Other Brother", a semi-autonomous device that captures images and video of spontaneous moments in the course of everyday life. It was our goal to design a situated, tangible object for life-time capturing purposes. In addition to describing the object and our deployment findings, this paper also discusses the design process and the goals we were aiming to achieve through the design. This was an iterative process from initial sketches, concepts and physical explorations towards a final design and several prototypes. The final prototype acts as an agent that behaves to some extent autonomously, capturing spontaneous moments that enable people to re-experience these moments in a playful way. Testing The Other Brother in a domestic environment, we describe several findings of the impact of the object in the home, reflect on several design and interaction issues, and discuss future directions for continuation of this research.
SubSafe: a games-based training system for submarine safety and spatial awareness (Part 1)
Authors: Robert Stone, Antoinette Caird-Daley, Kevin Bessell
Venue: Virtual Reality (2009)

Recent advances in hardware and software technologies for computer games have proved to be more than capable of delivering quite detailed virtual environments on PC platforms and gaming consoles for so-called &#x201c;serious&#x201d; applications, at a fraction of the cost than was the case 8&#x00a0;years ago. SubSafe is a recent example of what can be achieved in part-task naval training applications using gaming technologies, exploiting freely available, freely distributable software. SubSafe is a proof-of-concept demonstrator that presents end users with an interactive, real-time three-dimensional model of part of a Trafalgar Class submarine. This &#x201c;Part 1&#x201d; paper presents the background to the SubSafe project and outlines the experimental design for a pilot study being conducted between August 2008 and January 2009, in conjunction with the Royal Navy&#x2019;s Submarine School in Devonport. The study is investigating knowledge transfer from the classroom to a real submarine environment (during week&#x00a0;7 of the students&#x2019; &#x201c;Submarine Qualification Dry&#x201d; course), together with general usability and interactivity assessments. Part 2 of the paper (to be completed in early 2009) will present the results of these trials and consider future extensions of the research into other submarine training domains, including periscope ranging and look-interval assessment skills, survival systems deployment training and the planning and rehearsal of submersible rescue operations.
The mathematics of continuous-variable simulation optimization
Authors: Sujin Kim, Shane G. Henderson
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Winter Simulation (2008)

Continuous-variable simulation optimization problems are those optimization problems where the objective function is computed through stochastic simulation and the decision variables are continuous. We discuss verifiable conditions under which the objective function is continuous or differ-entiable, and outline some key properties of two classes of methods for solving such problems, namely sample-average approximation and stochastic approximation.
Cross-axis sensitivity reduction of a silicon MEMS piezoresistive accelerometer
Authors: A. Ravi Sankar, S. Das, S. K. Lahiri
Venue: Microsystem Technologies (2009)

This paper presents realization of a MEMS piezoresistive single axis accelerometer using dual doped TMAH solution. The silicon micromachined structure consists of a heavy proofmass supported by four thin flexures and sandwiched between top and bottom glass plates. Boron diffused piezoresistors located near fixed points of the flexure are used for sensing the developed stress due to applied acceleration. Based on the initial results an improved design has also been considered to achieve reduced cross-axis sensitivity and nonlinearity. The fabricated sensor tested upto 13&#x00a0;g acceleration shows average sensitivity of 0.556&#x00a0;mV/g along normal to the proofmass plane. The measured cross-axis sensitivity was 3.272&#x00a0;&#x03bc;V/g for X-axis and 3.442&#x00a0;&#x03bc;V/g for Y-axis which is less than 1% of Z-axis sensitivity. Comparing two designs there was an improvement of 63% sensitivity along Y-axis for the design with flexures placed along the proofmass edges.
Refactoring for Data Locality
Authors: Kristof Beyls, Erik H. D'Hollander
Venue: Computer (2009)

Suggestions for locality optimizations (SLO), a cache profiling tool, analyzes runtime reuse paths to find the root causes of poor data locality, and suggests the most promising code optimizations. Refactoring using the hints of the SLO analyzer doubles the average execution speed of several SPEC2000 benchmark programs.