ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Fast performance prediction for periodic task systems
Authors: Xiaobo Hu, Gang Quan
Venue: Proceedings of the eighth international workshop on Hardware/software codesign (2000)

During design exploration, many implementations of the same system specification may need to be evaluated. In this paper, we present an approach to construct sufficient and necessary conditions for a given system specifications. These conditions can be employed in the design exploration process to rapidly determine if an implementation of the system satisfies the timing constraints. We prove that our conditions always outperform the existing respective conditions. Experimental results are also provided to compare our approach with known scheduling results.
Ethical issues related to internet development and research
Authors: M. Dee Medley, Rebecca H. Rutherfoord, G. Ernest Anderson, R. Waldo Roth, Stuart A. Varden
Venue: ACM SIGCUE Outlook (1998)

This paper discusses ethical issues concerning Internet development, presentation and research. A brief overview of the major ethical issues related to computing is followed by a discussion of ethical issues specific to the use of the Internet. We will look at the implications of these issues for particular population groups such as children, women, disabled persons, and the low socio-economic class. Finally, we offer suggestions for how these issues can be brought into the computer or information science classroom in a way that stimulates critical thinking skills.
Java resources for computer science instruction
Authors: Constance G. Bland, Stephen J. Hartley, Mark A. Holliday, Pamela B. Lawhead, John Lewis, Myles F. McNally, Christopher H. Nevison, Cheng Ng, George J. Pothering, Tommi Teräsvirta
Venue: ACM SIGCSE Bulletin (1998)

The goal of this working group was to collect, evaluate, and foster the development of resources to serve as components of both new and revised traditional courses that emphasize object-oriented software development using Java. These courses could, for example, integrate Internet-based distributed programming, concurrency, database programming, graphics and visualization, human interface design and object-oriented development. They could therefore also be suitable as capstone courses in computer science. The focus of the working group was on tools and techniques, including demonstrations, projects, syllabi, and pedagogical patterns. The working group members are coordinating the development of a Web site (sol.pace.edu/iticse98) devoted to sharing such tools and techniques among educators.
Environment matting extensions: towards higher accuracy and real-time capture
Authors: Yung-Yu Chuang, Douglas E. Zongker, Joel Hindorff, Brian Curless, David H. Salesin, Richard Szeliski
Venue: Proceedings of the 27th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques (2000)

Environment matting is a generalization of traditional bluescreen matting. By photographing an object in front of a sequence of structured light backdrops, a set of approximate light-transport paths through the object can be computed. The original environment matting research chose a middle ground&mdash;using a moderate number of photographs to produce results that were reasonably accurate for many objects. In this work, we extend the technique in two opposite directions: recovering a more accurate model at the expense of using additional structured light backdrops, and obtaining a simplified matte using just a single backdrop. The first extension allows for the capture of complex and subtle interactions of light with objects, while the second allows for video capture of colorless objects in motion.
Architecture, design, and implementation of a multimedia conference system
Authors: Anna A. Hać, Dongchen A. Lu
Venue: International Journal of Network Management (1997)

In this article a new multimedia conference system is designed and implemented which allows a group of users to conduct a meeting in real time. Participants can jointly view and edit relevant multimedia information, including text, graphics, and still images distributed throughout the network. &copy; 1997 John Wiley Sons, Ltd.
Minimal complexity velocity-tuned filters with analogue neuromorphic networks: A theoretical approach for efficient design
Authors: A. Torralba, J. Hérault
Venue: Neural Processing Letters (1998)

In this paper we describe the way for an efficient design of velocity-tuned spatiotemporal filters using analogue neural networks. The filter presented here has a simple velocity-matched structure discrete in space but continuous in time yielding to efficient VLSI realisations and it overcomes some drawbacks of previous similar approaches found in the literature. We show how this filter can be used to compute a distributed representation of velocity similar to that obtained with classical spatiotemporal frequency-tuned Gabor filters.
Neural Short-Term Prediction Based on Dynamics Reconstruction
Authors: F. Camastra, A. M. Colla
Venue: Neural Processing Letters (1999)

In this paper we present an application of dynamics reconstruction techniques to model order estimation. Both the Grassberger&ndash;Procaccia and the Takens&lsquo; method were applied, yielding similar values for the correlation dimension, hence for the model order. Based on this model order, appropriately structured neural nets for short-term prediction were designed. Satisfactory experimental results were obtained in one-hour-ahead electrical load forecasting on a six-month benchmark from an electric utility in the U.S.A.
Sobolev Gradients and the Ginzburg--Landau Functional
Authors: J. W. Neuberger, R. J. Renka
Venue: SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing (1998)

We describe a Sobolev gradient method for finding minima of the Ginzburg--Landau functional for superconductivity. This method leads to a particularly simple algorithm which avoids consideration of the nonlinear boundary conditions associated with the Ginzburg--Landau equations.
Joking, storytelling, artsharing, expressing affection: a field trial of how children and their social network communicate with digital images in leisure time
Authors: Ann Mäkelä, Verena Giller, Manfred Tscheligi, Reinhard Sefelin
Venue: Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems (2000)

Increasing use of mobile phones in leisure and communication with digital images are important and current issues in the field of telecommunications. However, little is known about how images would be used in leisure related communication. According to our experience field trials are the best way of studying it. In this paper, we describe a field-trial case study of leisure related communication with digital images. Moreover, we discuss the advantages of conducting field trials as part of product concept design process.
Some Results on the Bellman Equation of Ergodic Control
Authors: Hiroaki Morimoto, Masami Okada
Venue: SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization (1999)

We study the multidimensional Bellman equation of ergodic control for diffusion processes without invariant measures and establish the existence of a unique solution in a certain class.
New challenges for Fortran in the next millennium
Authors: Tony Hey
Venue: ACM SIGPLAN Fortran Forum (1998)

This paper discusses the economics of program optimisation and some of the challenges facing the parallel Fortran community. Industry takes a much broader view of cost optimisation than just speeding up a Fortran application code. Two examples of industrial "Fortran" projects undertaken by the Parallel Applications Centre (PAC) at Southampton are used to illustrate these industrial concerns. The PROMENVIR project demonstrated cost-effective use of a Europe-wide metacomputer, composed of idle workstations and parallel systems connected by a WAN, to explore the design space of an industrial application. By contrast, the TOOLSHED project was concerned with integration of the design and grid generation phase with the simulation phase of the industrial design cycle. The paper concludes with a discussion of three important challenges for the continued health of parallel Fortran community. These are: the multiplicity of versions of parallel Fortran; competition from high-level scientific packages such as AXIOM, MATLAB and Mathematica; and finally, the inexorable rise in popularity of Java-based, network-centric computing.
A dynamic packet reservation multiple access scheme for wireless ATM
Authors: Deborah A. Dyson, Zygmunt J. Haas
Venue: Mobile Networks and Applications (1999)

The dynamic packet reservation multiple access (DPRMA) scheme, a medium access control protocol for wireless multimedia applications, is proposed and investigated. DPRMA allows the integration of multiple traffic types through a single access control mechanism that permits users to specify their immediate bandwidth requirements. The primary feature of DPRMA is the dynamic matching of the traffic source generation rates with the assigned portion of the channel capacity. This is accomplished by a control algorithm that regulates the actual amount of channel capacity assigned to users. To support multimedia communication, channel capacity assignments are prioritized by traffic type. The performance of the scheme is evaluated and the scheme is shown to perform well in a system with voice, video conferencing, and data users present. It is also shown to provide improved performance over a system with a modified version of the packet reservation multiple access (PRMA) scheme. Furthermore, several system parameters are studied and optimized.
An observational study of how objects support engineering design thinking and communication: implications for the design of tangible media
Authors: Margot Brereton, Ben McGarry
Venue: Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems (2000)

There has been an increasing interest in objects within the HCI field particularly with a view to designing tangible interfaces. However, little is known about how people make sense of objects and how objects support thinking. This paper presents a study of groups of engineers using physical objects to prototype designs, and articulates the roles that physical objects play in supporting their design thinking and communications. The study finds that design thinking is heavily dependent upon physical objects, that designers are active and opportunistic in seeking out physical props and that the interpretation and use of an object depends heavily on the activity. The paper discusses the trade-offs that designers make between speed and accuracy of models, and specificity and generality in choice of representations. Implications for design of tangible interfaces are discussed.
A Review of Statistical Language Processing Techniques
Authors: John McMahon, F. Jack Smith
Venue: Artificial Intelligence Review (1998)

We present a review of some recently developed techniques in the field of natural language processing. This area has witnessed a confluence of approaches which are inspired by theories from linguistics and those which are inspired by theories from information theory: statistical language models are becoming more linguistically sophisticated and the models of language used by linguists are incorporating stochastic techniques to help resolve ambiguities. We include a discussion about the underlying similarities between some of these systems and mention two approaches to the evaluation of statistical language processing systems.
Multi-team development project experience in a core computer science curriculum
Authors: Norbert J. Kubilus
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th annual SIGCSE/SIGCUE ITiCSE conference on Innovation and technology in computer science education (1999)

This paper discusses our introducing a multi-team development project into the third semester of an undergraduate Computer Science core curriculum. One of the goals of the third semester course has been to provide student with practical experience in system design and development. The multi-team development project exposes students to the rigors of working together to complete a specific component of a larger system and to insure that all components integrate properly. It also introduces them to project management concepts such as project scheduling, maintaining team journals, delivering written and oral team status reports, and participating in project meetings.
An opportunity for exploitation of research in biomedical engineering: the EC life sciences demonstration projects
Authors: Olivier Le Dour, Iréne Norstedt
Venue: Technology and Health Care (1998)

To validate clinically a new stereotactic device for real-time monitored minimally-invasive brain surgery semi; to perform the first European phase I clinical trials of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) for treatment of glioblastoma, using the facility of the Community Joint Research Centre (JRC) in Petten, on forty patients from six different European centres. These are typical objectives of the current EC BIOMED 2 demonstration projects. The number of supported projects under BIOMED is now 16 in 1998, and will be in total around 80 for the three Life Sciences and Technologies Programmes. Demonstration is expected to play a major role in the Fifth Framework Programme, particularly in its so-called "Key Actions". This article addresses three of the main issues for potential applicants; the readiness for demonstration, the content of the consortium, and the dissemination strategy.
A Formal Model of Message Blocking and Deadlock Resolution in Interconnection Networks
Authors: Sugath Warnakulasuriya, Timothy Mark Pinkston
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems (2000)

This paper presents a theoretical model of resource allocations and dependencies in wormhole and virtual cut-through interconnection networks. This model allows various types of message blocking to be described precisely, including deadlock. The model distinguishes between messages involved in deadlock and those simply dependent upon deadlock, thus establishing a framework for evaluating the accuracy and correctness of deadlock detection mechanisms. The paper also identifies the necessary and sufficient conditions for the occurrence and resolution of deadlock in interconnection networks, thus providing efficiency and correctness criteria for deadlock resolution mechanisms. Theorems derived from the model are related to various routing algorithms which are based on deadlock recovery.
Process Improvement, Quality, and Learning Effects
Authors: George Li, S. Rajagopalan
Venue: Management Science (1998)

While quality has attracted significant attention in the past two decades, the debate is still on as to whether a firm should aim for zero defects or base its quality decisions on cost-benefit trade-offs. The continuous improvement advocates generally eschew the cost trade-off approach, but U.S. firms, after spending substantial sums on quality-related activities in the 1980s, appear to be focusing again on cost trade-offs and measures such as return on quality. This paper provides analytical support for the continuous improvement argument while relying on a cost trade-off analysis. We present a dynamic model of a monopolist making decisions on price, production, process improvement, and quality assurance efforts. The model is comprehensive and captures the effects of autonomous and induced learning on both productivity and quality and incorporates quality related costs in detail. Using this model, we show that quality improves over time, while process improvement effort and quality assurance effort decrease over time. In fact, as anecdotal and empirical evidence suggests, process improvement and quality assurance effort is high when quality level is low, and vice-versa. The optimal production rate is increasing and the optimal price is decreasing over time. We also provide valuable insights into the impact of changes in key parameters such as interest rates on production, price, process improvement effort, and quality assurance effort.
Silicon Retina with Adaptive Filtering Properties
Authors: Shih-Chii Liu
Venue: Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing (1999)

This paper describes a small, compact circuit, the retino-laminar (RL) circuit, that captures the temporal and adaptation properties both of the photoreceptor and of the laminar layers of the fly. The RL circuit uses only six transistors and two capacitors. The circuit is operated in the subthreshold domain; it has a low DC gain and a high transient gain. The adaptation time constant of the RL circuit can be controlled via an external bias. Its temporal filtering properties change with the background intensity and with the signal-to-noise ratio. The frequency response of the circuit shows that, in the frequency range of 1 to 100 Hz, the circuit response goes from highpass filtering under high light levels to lowpass filtering under low light levels (i.e., when the signal-to-noise ratio is low).
A cognitive framework for knowledge in informatics: the case of object-orientation
Authors: Christian Holmboe
Venue: ACM SIGCSE Bulletin (1999)

Knowledge is a function of both skills and understanding. The interaction between instrumental and relational understanding is necessary for construction of further knowledge. Constructivist theory is used to analyse the learning process in informatics. A framework for describing different types / levels of knowledge is used to describe students and professors statements about the concept of Object-orientation.The findings of this study may have implications for teaching Object-orientation, especially in introductory courses.
A wide frequency range surface integral formulation for 3-D RLC extraction
Authors: J. Wang, J. Tausch, J. White
Venue: Proceedings of the 1999 IEEE/ACM international conference on Computer-aided design (1999)

A new surface integral formulation and discretization approach for computing electromagnetoquasistatic impedance of general conductors is described. The key advantages of the formulation is that it avoids volume discretization of the conductors and the substrate, and a single discretization is accurate over the entire frequency range. Computational results from an on-chip inductor, a connector and a transmission line are used to show that the formulation is accurate and is &ldquo;acceleration&rdquo; ready. That is, the results demonstrate that an efficiently computed preconditioner insures rapid iterative method convergence and tests with projection show the required kernels can be approximated easily using a coarse grid.
Electrical Impedance Tomography
Authors: Margaret Cheney, David Isaacson, Jonathan C. Newell
Venue: SIAM Review (1999)

This paper surveys some of the work our group has done in electrical impedance tomography.
A layered architecture for querying dynamic Web content
Authors: Hasan Davulcu, Juliana Freire, Michael Kifer, I. V. Ramakrishnan
Venue: Proceedings of the 1999 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data (1999)

The design of webbases, database systems for supporting Web-based applications, is currently an active area of research. In this paper, we propose a 3-year architecture for designing and implementing webbases for querying dynamic Web content(i.e., data that can only be extracted by filling out multiple forms). The lowest layer, virtual physical layer, provides navigation independence by shielding the user from the complexities associated with retrieving data from raw Web sources. Next, the traditional logical layer supports site independence. The top layer is analogous to the external schema layer in traditional databases. Within this architectural framework we address two problems unique to webbases &mdash; retrieving dynamic Web content in the virtual physical layer and querying of the external schema by the end user. The layered architecture makes it possible to automate data extraction to a much greater degree than in existing proposals. Wrappers for the virtual physical schema can be created semi-automatically, by asking the webbase designer to navigate through the sites of interest &mdash; we call this approach mapping by example. Thus, the webbase designer need not have expertise in the language that maps the physical schema to the raw Web (this should be contrasted to other approaches, which require expertise in various Web-enabled flavors of SQL). For the external schema layer, we propose a semantic extension of the universal relation interface. This interface provides powerful, yet reasonably simple, ad hoc querying capabilities for the end user compared to the currently prevailing &ldquo;canned&rdquo; form-based interfaces on the one hand or complex Web-enabling extensions of SQL on the other. Finally, we discuss the implementation of the proposed architecture.
A New Class of Semismooth Newton-Type Methods for Nonlinear Complementarity Problems
Authors: Christian Kanzow, Helmut Kleinmichel
Venue: Computational Optimization and Applications (1998)

We introduce a new, one-parametric class of NCP-functions. This class subsumes the Fischer function and reduces to the minimum function in a limiting case of the parameter. This new class of NCP-functions is used in order to reformulate the nonlinear complementarity problem as a nonsmooth system of equations. We present a detailed investigation of the properties of the equation operator, of the corresponding merit function as well as of a suitable semismooth Newton-type method. Finally, numerical results are presented for this method being applied to a number of test problems.
Join synopses for approximate query answering
Authors: Swarup Acharya, Phillip B. Gibbons, Viswanath Poosala, Sridhar Ramaswamy
Venue: ACM SIGMOD Record (1999)

In large data warehousing environments, it is often advantageous to provide fast, approximate answers to complex aggregate queries based on statistical summaries of the full data. In this paper, we demonstrate the difficulty of providing good approximate answers for join-queries using only statistics (in particular, samples) from the base relations. We propose join synopses as an effective solution for this problem and show how precomputing just one join synopsis for each relation suffices to significantly improve the quality of approximate answers for arbitrary queries with foreign key joins. We present optimal strategies for allocating the available space among the various join synopses when the query work load is known and identify heuristics for the common case when the work load is not known. We also present efficient algorithms for incrementally maintaining join synopses in the presence of updates to the base relations. Our extensive set of experiments on the TPC-D benchmark database show the effectiveness of join synopses and various other techniques proposed in this paper.
Feasibility of a serverless distributed file system deployed on an existing set of desktop PCs
Authors: William J. Bolosky, John R. Douceur, David Ely, Marvin Theimer
Venue: Proceedings of the 2000 ACM SIGMETRICS international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems (2000)

We consider an architecture for a serverless distributed file system that does not assume mutual trust among the client computers. The system provides security, availability, and reliability by distributing multiple encrypted replicas of each file among the client machines. To assess the feasibility of deploying this system on an existing desktop infrastructure, we measure and analyze a large set of client machines in a commercial environment. In particular, we measure and report results on disk usage and content; file activity; and machine uptimes, lifetimes, and loads. We conclude that the measured desktop infrastructure would passably support our proposed system, providing availability on the order of one unfilled file request per user per thousand days.