ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Estimation of clock skew in telephony over packet switched networks
Authors: T. Trump
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 05 (2000)

This study deals with some synchronization issues occurring in telephony over asynchronous packet switched networks. A method for estimation of clock skew i.e. difference between the transmitter and receiver clock frequencies is described. The method is based on modeling the clock skew as a linear trend and the network delay jitter as an exponentially distributed i.i.d. random process. The corresponding maximum likelihood parameter estimator of the trend and jitter parameters is derived and expressions for the mean squared estimation error are provided. Simulation results for computer generated data and for delay data recorded in some existing networks are given.
Multi-scale data fusion using Dempster-Shafer evidence theory
Authors: S. Le Hégarat-Mascle, D. Richard, C. Ottlé
Venue: Integrated Computer-Aided Engineering (2003)

In the remote sensing domain, the combination of multi-scale satellite data appears as a new challenge for the signal processing community. This approach will lead to strong advances in Earth monitoring and continental land cover classifications by use of the complementary of the data presenting either high spatial resolution or high time repetitiveness. For the modelling of the mixed feature of the low spatial resolution pixels, and those of the partial ignorance (class confusion) when time information is not sufficient, we propose an algorithm based on the Dempster-Shafer evidence theory, which allows to model both ignorance and imprecision, and to consider compound hypotheses such as unions of classes. It has been applied on simulated data and actual data (SPOT/HRV image and NOAA/AVHRR series), and in both cases, the results show unambiguously the major improvement brought by such a data fusion, and the performance of the proposed method.
Distributed Frequency Assignment Using Cooperative Self-Organization
Authors: Gauthier Picard, Marie-Pierre Gleizes, Pierre Glize
Venue: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Self-Adaptive and Self-Organizing Systems (2007)

This paper presents an approach using self-organizing multi-agent systems to solve distributed constraint satisfaction problems (DCSP), which concerns distribution among agents which task is to assign personal variables to values with respect with known constraints. Agents only know their variables and the constraints affecting them, and have to negotiate to find a collective solution. The proposed approach defines cooperative self-organization as the process leading the collective to the solution: agents can change the organization by their own decision to improve the state of the system. This work is illustrated on distributed frequency assignment, a classical constraint-based problem.
A Refinement Driven Component-Based Design
Authors: Zhenbang Chen, Zhiming Liu, Volker Stolz, Lu Yang, Anders P. Ravn
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th IEEE International Conference on Engineering Complex Computer Systems (2007)

Modern software applications ranging from enterprise to embedded systems are becoming increasingly complex, and require very high levels of dependability assurance. The most effective means to handle complexity is separation of concerns and incremental development, and assurance of dependability requires formal methods. We report here our experience on these issues in an application of a formal calculus, rCOS, to a component-based design of the point of sale system (POS). We demonstrate the possibility in scaling-up correctness by design and discuss how rCOS may be integrated with current and emerging software engineering tools.
Green functions and positive solutions for boundary value problems of third-order difference equations
Authors: Chunming Yang, Peixuan Weng
Venue: Computers Mathematics with Applications (2007)

In this paper, we investigate the boundary value problems for the third-order nonlinear difference equation @D^3u(t-2)+a(t)f(u(t))=0,t@?[2,T+2], satisfying five kinds of different boundary value conditions. The Green functions are constructed carefully and their bounds are evaluated. Some verifiable criteria for the existence of at least one positive solution and two positive solutions are obtained by using the Green functions and the evaluations of bounds. Some examples are given to demonstrate the applications of the theorems obtained.
A programmable application-specific CELP processor with parallel architectures
Authors: An-Nan Suen
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 06 (1996)

The code excited linear predictive (CELP) coder has been widely used as the most effective technique among various linear predictive coding methods for speech compression. However, it is computationally intensive and general-purpose DSP chips are usually not powerful enough to handle such coding algorithms. The CELP processor architecture and a VLSI implementation are presented. A programmable application-specific single chip design for the CELP algorithm will drastically reduce the cost and achieve real-time performance. The CELP processor is programmable and contains a specific modular design for the codebook searches. On the whole, the chip can process 40 MHz sampled speech data. The FS1016 CELP coder was implemented on this processor, that is we can encode the speech data at 4.8 kbps in real-time using this single chip. Fabricated in 0.8 /spl mu/m double-metal CMOS technology, the chip size is 6.3/spl times/6.1 mm/sup 2/ and is the first chip designed for CELP.
Coordination Network Analysis: A Research Framework for Studying the Organizational Impacts of Service-Orientation in Business Intelligence
Authors: Mark Keith, Haluk Demirkan, Michael Goul
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (2007)

Business intelligence (BI) technology and research is maturing. In evidence, some practitioners have indicated a shift in the nature of their data warehousing challenges from being technical in nature to organizational [15]. This research is based on a case study involving the BI services unit of a large, Fortune 500, financial services organization that is experiencing some of those "organizational" challenges. As a solution, this organization decided to implement a Service-Oriented Enterprise (SOE) structure to address some of those challenges such as collaboration and standardization in a complex, interdependent environment. However, because of the newness of SOE and the limited volume of rigorous research in the area, it is difficult understand or estimate the organizational and human impacts it will have. This paper proposes a coordination network analysis as a research methodology for estimating and optimizing the impacts of SOE at the individual and group level.
Software Engineering Students meet Interdisciplinary Project work and Art
Authors: Letizia Jaccheri, Guttorm Sindre
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference Information Visualization (2007)

Do software engineering students need interdisciplinary skills? Do students learn different things from an interdisciplinary project work than from software development projects? How can a specific interdisciplinary project course be organized? This paper provides reflections about these questions, based on the experience gained through running a project-based interdisciplinary course thrice. This course is part of the master degree education at the NTNU, Trondheim, Norway. Students taking the course work in teams of five, often coming from study programs of quite different disciplines. There is no predefined project assignment, instead the teacher has only described an open-ended theme, within which different student teams then define their own project assignment. The paper provides some reflections and lessons learned that can be exploited for designing similar interdisciplinary team project courses in other universities.
Light Logics and Optimal Reduction: Completeness and Complexity
Authors: Patrick Baillot, Paolo Coppola, Ugo Dal Lago
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd Annual IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science (2007)

Typing of lambda-terms in Elementary and Light Affine Logic (EAL , LAL resp.) has been studied for two different reasons: on the one hand the evaluation of typed terms using LAL (EAL resp.) proof-nets admits a guaranteed polynomial (elementary, resp.) bound; on the other hand these terms can also be evaluated by optimal reduction using the abstract version of Lamping's algorithm. The first reduction is global while the second one is local and asynchronous. We prove that for LAL (EAL resp.) typed terms, Lamping's abstract algorithm also admits a polynomial (elementary, resp.) bound. We also show its soundness and completeness (for EAL and LAL with type fixpoints), by using a simple geometry of interaction model (context semantics).
Reliability of the resource sharing backup connections
Authors: W. Ahmad, J. M. Ni
Venue: Proceedings of the The 8th International Conference on Communication Systems - Volume 02 (2002)

Although cost effective. it is very likely in resource sharing restoration scenarios that the insufficient backup resources on certain links may lead to an unsuccessful recovery. Achieving the required reliability level is an important consideration in selecting a path for a backup connection. We present a technique to calculate the reliability of a session connection, which consists of a primary and a backup connection, which can also be used to check the suitability of a path to be used as a backup connection.
Quantum Entanglement, Non-Locality and Secure Computation
Authors: Yao-Hsin Chou, I-Ming Tsai, Chin-Shyurng Fahn, Shi-Jinn Horng, Sy-Yen Kuo
Venue: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Quantum, Nano, and Micro Technologies (2007)

In this paper, we demonstrate that nanoscale phenomenon can be applied not only in device level but also in high layer applications, such as secure computation. We study the possibility of performing secure computation by building non-local machines based on quantum entanglement and nonlocality, which are phenomena available only at the nanometer scale. Comparing with classical secure computation algorithms, the security of this protocol is based on physical laws, instead of any unproven mathematic conjecture.
Improvement of Image Retrieval by Fusing Different Descriptors
Authors: A. Macedonas, S. Fotopoulos, G. Economou
Venue: Proceedings of the Eight International Workshop on Image Analysis for Multimedia Interactive Services (2007)

A method for optimized image similarity measurement based on fusion of image descriptors is introduced. Descriptors of every kind can be used. The method is based on the nonparametric WaldWolfowitz (WW) statistical test, and the corresponding similarity measure, which is very well suited for that purpose. A simple addition of the above WW based similarity measures is the fusion rule proposed here. Experimental results in image retrieval task are very promising.
An adaptive approach for removing impulsive noise in digital images
Authors: Haosong Kong
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 04 (1996)

A new approach is proposed to eliminate impulsive noise with Gaussian or uniform random distribution in digital images. The method is based on impulse noise detection by means of a self-organizing neural network and a class of noise-exclusive adaptive filters. The filtering scheme presented can suppress impulse noise effectively as well as preserving image edges and fine details. Experimental results demonstrated that the performance of the noise-exclusive adaptive filters are superior to that of traditional median filter, central weighted median filter and multistage median filter.
Mining Software Repositories with iSPAROL and a Software Evolution Ontology
Authors: Christoph Kiefer, Abraham Bernstein, Jonas Tappolet
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth International Workshop on Mining Software Repositories (2007)

One of the most important decisions researchers face when analyzing the evolution of software systems is the choice of a proper data analysis/exchange format. Most existing formats have to be processed with special programs written specifically for that purpose and are not easily extendible. Most scientists, therefore, use their own database( s) requiring each of them to repeat the work of writing the import/export programs to their format. We present EvoOnt, a software repository data exchange format based on the Web Ontology Language (OWL). EvoOnt includes software, release, and bug-related information. Since OWL describes the semantics of the data, EvoOnt is (1) easily extendible, (2) comes with many existing tools, and (3) allows to derive assertions through its inherent Description Logic reasoning capabilities. The paper also shows iSPARQL -- our SPARQL-based Semantic Web query engine containing similarity joins. Together with EvoOnt, iSPARQL can accomplish a sizable number of tasks sought in software repository mining projects, such as an assessment of the amount of change between versions or the detection of bad code smells. To illustrate the usefulness of EvoOnt (and iSPARQL), we perform a series of experiments with a real-world Java project. These show that a number of software analyses can be reduced to simple iSPARQL queries on an EvoOnt dataset.
Performance analysis of low bit rate H.26L video encoder
Authors: A. Hallapuro
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 200. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 02 (2001)

A new video encoder proposal, H.26L, is compared against H.263 and H.263+. In the comparison, both computational complexity and compression performance are analyzed. Moreover, the trade-off possibilities between the complexity and compression performance within H.26L are presented. Experimental comparisons with H.263 and H.263+ show that H.26L reduces the output bit rate about 30% with the same quality. The computation time increases about three times compared to H.263 and leads into the encoding speed of 3-6 fps for QCIF sequences on a 400 MHz Pentium III processor. Realtime operation can be achieved by applying additional, algorithmic and platform-specific optimizations.
A least squares component normalization approach to blind channel identification
Authors: C. Avendano
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1999. on 1999 IEEE International Conference - Volume 04 (1999)

We describe a new method for blind system identification that uses the cross relation properties between two or more sensor signals to estimate the impulse responses of the channels. The method performs as well or better than other similar blind identification techniques under noisy and ill-conditioned channel conditions, and is computationally simpler to implement.
Developing Quality through Measuring Usability--The UTUM Test Package
Authors: Jeff Winter, Kari Ronkko, Marten Ahlberg, Mark Hinely, Mats Hellman
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Software Quality (2007)

This paper presents a tool for building quality of use into the software and software process, in the form of a test package for mass market devices. It is developed for measuring user experience, which is seen as a more encompassing term than usability. The test package, which is under constant development, is the result of a long term cooperation between industry and academia, and is in use in indutrial development projects. It shows usability through the use of metrics, for efficiency, effectiveness and satisfaction, supported by qualitative judgements made by a test leader/usability expert. It gives a clear demonstration of quality, from the customer and end-user point of view. The case presented here, where the test has been performed concurrently in two countries, has been a quality assurance of the test package, which has been found to work efficiently and flexibly in a complex industrial environment, with complicated relationships between customers, partners and end-users.
Analyzing Attacks in Wireless Ad Hoc Network with Self-Organizing Maps
Authors: Traian Avram, Seungchan Oh, Salim Hariri
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth Annual Conference on Communication Networks and Services Research (2007)

Detecting anomalous events and attacks in the ad-hoc wireless network is a challenging area for research due to the characteristics of wireless network. The proposed detection system monitors network traffic on each node and analyzes collected data by Self-Organizing Maps to extract statistical regularities from the input data vectors and encode them into the weights without supervision. We evaluate our approach to detect network attacks on AODV and DSR protocols using OPNET. Our simulation results show that our approach can accurately detect anomalous behaviors caused by network attacks.
Neural Dynamics of Rejection Sensitivity
Authors: Ethan Kross, Tobias Egner, Kevin Ochsner, Joy Hirsch, Geraldine Downey
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2007)

Rejection sensitivity (RS) is the tendency to anxiously expect, readily perceive, and intensely react to rejection. This study used functional magnetic resonance imaging to explore whether individual differences in RS are mediated by differential recruitment of brain regions involved in emotional appraisal and/or cognitive control. High and low RS participants were scanned while viewing either representational paintings depicting themes of rejection and acceptance or nonrepresentational control paintings matched for positive or negative valence, arousal and interest level. Across all participants, rejection versus acceptance images activated regions of the brain involved in processing affective stimuli (posterior cingulate, insula), and cognitive control (dorsal anterior cingulate cortex; medial frontal cortex). Low and high RS individuals' responses to rejection versus acceptance images were not, however, identical. Low RS individuals displayed significantly more activity in left inferior and right dorsal frontal regions, and activity in these areas correlated negatively with participants' self-report distress ratings. In addition, control analyses revealed no effect of viewing negative versus positive images in any of the areas described above, suggesting that the aforementioned activations were involved in rejection-relevant processing rather than processing negatively valenced stimuli per se. Taken together, these findings suggest that responses in regions traditionally implicated in emotional processing and cognitive control are sensitive to rejection stimuli irrespective of RS, but that low RS individuals may activate prefrontal structures to regulate distress associated with viewing such images.
Methods of Efficiency Enhancement of Network Interaction in Distributed Systems of Virtual Reality
Authors: Vasily Y. Kharitonov
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Dependability of Computer Systems (2007)

In this paper the main problems taking place when organizing consistent network interaction in distributed systems of a virtual reality are considered. In particular, the physical limitations influencing reliability of data exchanges between users are considered, and their analytical estimation is given. Then an overview of modern methods that allow to overcome these limitations is provided, such as dead reckoning. Finally, the new adaptive dead reckoning method is proposed to reduce data exchanges between clients considerably while saving desirable state prediction accuracy of corresponded objects. Moreover this method allows to lower the reliability requirements for data transfer in a network using less reliable, but faster and more efficient protocols, such as UDP.
Indexing of Document Images Based on Triangular Spatial Relationships
Authors: P. Punitha, Naveen Guru, D. S. Guru
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computing: Theory and Applications (2007)

In this paper, a new scheme of indexing document images based on B-tree by preserving triangular spatial relationships (TSR) [7] among the components of a document image is proposed. A new technique for labeling of components in document images is also proposed. A procedure for classifying retrieved images and a method of ranking the retrieved document images are also proposed. The retrieval results of the proposed TSR based indexing scheme is compared with nine-directional codes based (NDC) [2] indexing scheme and also with the retrieval results of human experts. The experiments are conducted on the MediaTeam document image database that provides diverse collection of document images.
Requirements for a Standardized Flow Storage Solution
Authors: Brian Trammell, Elisa Boschi, Lutz Mark, Tanja Zseby
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 International Symposium on Applications and the Internet Workshops (2007)

IP flow data provides input for accounting, traffic engineering and security applications. The storage of flow data is required to allow off-line processing, archiving, and sharing of traffic traces. Currently this is achieved with a variety of proprietary solutions, which results in a variety of formats as input for flow processing tools and hinders data sharing and tool reusability. In this paper we analyze the requirements for a standard file format for storing flow data, and propose using the upcoming standard IP Flow Information eXport protocol (IPFIX) as a basis for its design.
Tracking objects in occluding environments using temporal spatio-velocity transform
Authors: K. Sato, J. K. Aggarwal
Venue: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks (2005)

This paper presents a methodology for tracking moving objects in an occluded environment when occlusion occurs. We analyze sequences in which physical obstacles such as fences and trees divide an object into several blobs, both spatially and temporally. Our system successfully tracks the divided blobs as one object and reconstructs the whole object. We use the temporal spatio-velocity (TSV) transform and a cylinder model of object trajectories. The TSV transform extracts pixels with stable velocities and removes noisy pixels with unstable velocities. The cylinder model connects several blobs into one object and associates blobs that are occluded for a long period of time. We present results in which moving persons and vehicles occluded by fences and trees are successfully tracked even when the occlusion lasts for as long as 100 frames.
Exploring Extensibility of Architectural Design Decisions
Authors: Salvador Trujillo, Maider Azanza, Oscar Diaz, Rafael Capilla
Venue: Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Software Engineering Workshops (2007)

Software architectures represent the design of a system for describing its main relevant parts. Recently, recording and documenting architectural design decisions has attracted the attention of the software architecture community. Design decisions are an important piece during the architecting process that must be explicitly documented, but there is little evidence of successful reuse of this architectural knowledge. This work focuses on the reuse of design decisions in order to customize architectures. Specifically, we explore extensibility ideas from software product lines to show how architectures can be extended on the basis of design decisions. The documentation of synthesis architectures has received so far little attention, and particularly its reuse. This ongoing research describes an approach for product line synthesis architecture, where design decisions are introduced to promote its reuse.