ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Application of GPSS/360 to job shop scheduling
Authors: Ronald A. Schwarz, Thomas J. Schriber
Venue: Proceedings of the second conference on Applications of simulations (1968)

Pertinent characteristics of the job shop scheduling problem are reviewed. Two GPSS/360 models assessing a total of eight alternative rules for constructing job shop schedules are presented. These rules have been studied by earlier investigators; hence this is a state-of-the-art paper illustrating the approach to an old problem using a relatively new capability, GPSS/360. Selected model output is exhibited, results are summarized, and assembly and execution times are indicated. Several references to appropriate earlier investigations are included. The models shown here are remarkably compact in comparison with earlier simulation models used to investigate the same or similar scheduling rules.
Implementation of an APL-driven laboratory interface
Authors: R. V. Edwards, J. Gertler, J. A. Mann,  Jr., F. Kucera, S. Herndon, T. Gall
Venue: Proceedings of the international conference on APL: part 1 (1979)

The Chemical Engineering Department at Case Western Reserve University has constructed an APL-driven, multi-unit hierarchial, microcomputer laboratory interface to connect real-time experiments to time-shared APL computers. The key aspect of the system is that it can be used and reconfigured by the relatively naive user totally in APL. The systems that we have built will be described, including the hardware structure, software and problems encountered. The theoretical background of the system will be outlined in appendix III.
Microprogrammed multiprocessor graphic controller
Authors: André Bernardy
Venue: Conference record of the 6th annual workshop on Microprogramming (1973)

Using LSI microprocessors in designing of peripherical controllers makes it possible to build them in the form of a set of specific microprogrammed processors; the architecture of many systems is changing to the concept of intelligent machines. This paper gives as an example of such a controller: a graphic display unit. This unit was built up at the Institut de Programmation de Paris. It uses the binary rate multipliers (BRM) as a part of the display driver. The following pages give further informations about the whole system.
A Software Engineering Graduate Curriculum
Authors: Leon G. Stucki, Lawrence J. Peters
Venue: Proceedings of the 1978 annual conference (1978)

Picking up any large city Sunday paper one cannot help but be impressed by the large demand for &ldquo;software engineers.&rdquo; Upon reflection, several questions are raised: Who are these mythical software engineers? What do they do? Where do they come from? Why are they here? Where are they going? Industry and government alike are crying out for software engineers while universities have yet to establish any real software engineering curricula. The state of affairs is actually even more complex than this in that we don't even really know who these mythical software engineers are. In fact, the term &ldquo;software engineering&rdquo; is not commonly agreed upon as to its exact meaning. People in the field are not sure what terminology best describes the nature of their work [1, 2]. During a recent software engineering conference approximately 500 attendees were asked their formal occupation; approximately 20% of those in attendance indicated that they were software engineers. The others used terms such as: Systems Analyst, Programmers, Managers, etc. All of these jobs contain elements (technical and managerial) of software engineering, and tend to point out the multi-faceted aspect of this field.
An automated method for producing diagnostic programs
Authors: E. Quiet
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th Design Automation Workshop (1970)

As digital computing systems become more complex, diagnostic programs are being used more to detect and isolate failures in the logic system. One method of producing diagnostic programs which is receiving increased attention recently is automatic diagnostic program generation which has a logic simulator program as its central element. The simulator is effectively used if the viewpoint of Seshu and Freeman1 on logic failures is adopted. This viewpoint says that a logic failure transforms a good machine into a different machine. Thus if there are N possible failures, there are N+1 different possible machines. The simulator is then used to test each of the N+1 machines. Testing is developed by following the method described by Bruli et al.2 and is briefly outlined below.
Possibility theory: As a means for modeling computer security and protection
Authors: David Rine
Venue: Proceedings of the eighth international symposium on Multiple-valued logic (1978)

The paper studies correlations between computer security specifications and protection techniques in order to find ways by which architectural features of a computer system corresponding to security specifications may be designed or evaluated. The formal basis of the study begins with two basic models introduced in sections 2.1 and 2.2 of the paper. Study objectives include developing a set of models based on a theory of possibilities for &ldquo;measuring&rdquo; strengths and weaknesses of &ldquo;correlations&rdquo; between security specifications and protection features.
Incorporating usability into requirements engineering tools
Authors: Gregory L. Smith, Sharon A. Stephens, Leonard L. Tripp, Wayne L. Warren
Venue: Proceedings of the ACM 1980 annual conference (1980)

The development of a computer system requires the definition of a precise set of properties or constraints that the system must satisfy with maximum economy and efficiency. This definition process requires a significant amount of communication between the requestor and the developer of the system. In recent years, several methodologies and tools have been proposed to improve this communication process. This paper establishes a framework for examining the methodologies and techniques, charting the progress made, and identifying opportunities to improve the communication capabilities of a requirements engineering tool.
The university - a systems development center for state government or How to solve the education vs. training problem
Authors: John C. Peck
Venue: Proceedings of the eighth SIGCSE technical symposium on Computer science education (1977)

During the past few years, I have attended several professional meetings which have included panel discussions between representatives from industry and academia concerning computer science education. Industry usually claims that students graduate with few practical skills - many can't even write a program as simple as a master file update. They further complain that such major issues as documentation, programming style, and team programming are neglected, while the abilities for written expression and oral presentation are often totally lacking. The programming languages which are common in industry (COBOL, FORTRAN) are often not introduced, and actual experience in the use of data base and data communications software just doesn't exist. In summary, universities are not interested in preparing a student for an industrial career. Universities usually respond by stating that their mission is education and not training. They are not attempting to produce a technician who will be obsolete in two years, but rather are attempting to build a base of knowledge which will allow the professional to change with the times. Many claim that they are describing topics on the frontiers of the field which will be used ten years from now. Since universities are expected to be &ldquo;pioneers&rdquo;, they are required to lead in the development and research of new technology.
On the syntactic analysis of figures
Authors: Theodosios Pavlidis
Venue: Proceedings of the 1968 23rd ACM national conference (1968)

Many investigators have made use of syntactic analysis of figures for pattern recognition purposes during the recent years. Also a general theory of pattern analysis has been formulated recently be Grenander. Most of the earlier investigators concentrated their attention on the problem of line patterns, namely figures which could be composed by thin lines. Such is the case, for example, of the bubble chamber photographs. This paper attempts to develop a similar analysis for the case of set patterns and in particular for polygons. Any two-dimensional figure could be reduced into this form by quantizing its levels of illumination. Then all points with a given level of illumination form a plane set. Such sets could then be approximated by polygons. This could be achieved by a computer-controlled scanner with rectilinear motion or by a number of other techniques. Sometimes the polygonal approximation is only implicit (see the section on Implementation, below). The reason for the polygonal approximation will become evident in the next section. It should be emphasized that this process and the subsequent analysis which is the subject of this paper, are very sensitive to noise, and therefore, a prefiltering of the figure may be necessary. This sensitivity is a common feature of all the techniques which deal with the analysis of figures in simpler components. A more detailed discussion of these points is given elsewhere. In this paper we will try to emphasize only the basic ideas of our approach.
Geometric modelling in ALGOL 68
Authors: I. C. Braid, R. C. Hillyard
Venue: Proceedings of the Strathclyde ALGOL 68 conference (1977)

The paper describes the experiences of a small team in writing a substantial ALGOL 68 program to model the shapes of engineering components. The application derives much advantage from structures, operators and the heap. It includes a command interpreter, graphics package, vector and matrix routines, and procedures for moving data structures on the heap to and from disc. A system has been devised to ensure safe, selective compilation of program segments.
Policy analysis and evaluation of gonorrhea control programs: A simulation approach
Authors: Ramesh K. Shukla, Yaşar A. Özcan
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th conference on Winter simulation - Volume 2 (1981)

A simulation model is developed to study the dynamics of transfer and detection of gonorrhea in a population. Alternative policy issues are developed and studied by changing controllable parameter values in the model. The alternative policies are evaluated based on the sensitivity of the parameters in controlling the disease. The parameters studied are: Percentage of females Using Pills (PUP), Percentage of males Using Condoms (PUC), efficiency (delays) in the self-detection process, and efficiency (delays) in the system-detection process. The analyses indicate that reducing the use of pills and increasing the use of condoms, as birth control practices, will also be highly effective in controlling gonorrhea. The efficiency of self-detection seems to be more sensitive to the prevalence of the disease than the efficiency of the system detection. It is suggested that consumer education regarding birth control practices and the self-detection process may be more effective than the present emphasis on the system-detection process.
A guide to reference sources for user services
Authors: Gillian Wade
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th annual ACM SIGUCCS conference on User services (1978)

Effective means of communication are a vital necessity if a mutually beneficial relationship is to flourish between an academic computing centre and the community it serves. More often than not, the people who must; do the communicating are very knowledgeable about computing itself, but perhaps are not so aware of the techniques that are available to help them pass on their expertise to others less informed than themselves. To do any job well, you need the best tools you can get. But in this case, what resources are available? Obviously, one of the most useful sources of help can be found in worthwhile reference books, but there is no one single volume that would act as a User Services &ldquo;bible&rdquo;. So in this paper a solid core of the books that may be of definite and practical assistance is presented. Publications in such areas as the following will be discussed: Communications problems Technical Writing Editing for style and readability Public Relations Design and layout Specialized computer reference General reference
The concept of skills managment
Authors: Olin Bray, Michael Prietula
Venue: Proceedings of the sixteenth annual SIGCPR conference (1979)

First, the paper discusses the use of skills as the common attribute linking people and projects; usually, this linking is done only at an aggregate level through job titles or positions. Projects are viewed in terms of their demand for skills; the personnel resource is viewed in terms of their supply of skills. Second, the paper describes a research project done by the authors at the Management Information Systems Research Center (MISRC) at the University of Minnesota with a number of firms associated with the Center. The project was an attempt to identify in detail the various skills needed throughout the system life cycle of a typical DP project. This section of the paper summarizes the results of the project and points out some of the problems that developed. The third section of the paper generalizes from this work and describes a skills flow model based on the supply and demand for these skills. From this model a series of trade-offs that must be made among several distinct personnel policies are identified. The final section of the paper describes the steps which should be done by a data processing department that wishes to build on this work to utilize and improve the skills aspect of its project management methods.
An appreciation of computer appreciation
Authors: Arthur B. Kahn
Venue: Proceedings of the 1967 22nd national conference (1967)

The term &ldquo;Computer Appreciation&rdquo; (CA) was coined by Hamming (circa 1960) when he indicated the need for broad scale education about computers. In order to achieve this objective, the computing profession must gain for itself an appreciation of just what CA might be. Undoubtedly, there are many diverse opinions upon the subject, and it is hoped that this paper will provoke a discussion that is long overdue. For example, the authors view of CA is more intense than the usual concept of a broad brush survey and perhaps even approaches introductory programmer training. Although no attempt is made to explicitly define the term, succeeding sections of this paper discuss CA in the following fashion: (1) The need for CA and the responsibility of the computing profession to fulfill it are established, and the nature of the audience is considered. (2) The purpose and content of CA are discussed, and a structure is proposed. (3) A course in CA for Engineers which implements this structure is described. The extension of this approach to other audiences is discussed.
MOSSIM: A switch-level simulator for MOS LSI
Authors: Randal E. Bryant
Venue: Proceedings of the 18th Design Automation Conference (1981)

The logic simulator MOSSIM is designed specifically to serve the needs of the MOS LSI designer. It models a MOS circuit as a network of field-effect transistor &ldquo;switches&rdquo;, with node states 0, 1, and X (unknown) and transistor states &ldquo;open&rdquo;, &ldquo;closed&rdquo;, and &ldquo;unknown&rdquo;. MOSSIM has proved quite versatile and accurate in simulating a variety of MOS designs including ones for which the network was extracted automatically from the mask specifications. Because it models the network at a logical level, it has a performance comparable to conventional logic gate simulators.
Automatic Steno translation
Authors: Raoul N. Smith
Venue: Proceedings of the ACM annual conference (1973)

The first preliminary computer translation of machine produced stenographic notes was described in Salton 1959. Since then other approaches have been suggested but none seem to have succeeded. In the meantime the need for a solution becomes more and more pressing. The impetus for a solution is coming from two user areas&mdash;court reporting and speech recognition. The purpose of this paper is to describe the problems and solutions to the problems of automatic Steno-English translation.
Two-dimensional periodic digital filters
Authors: Kyung Sub Joo, T. Bose
Venue: Proceedings of the 1995 International Conference on Image Processing (Vol.2)-Volume 2 - Volume 2 (1995)

Two-dimensional (2-D) periodically shift variant (PSV) digital filters are considered. The filters are formulated in the form of the Fornasini-Marchesini (FM) state-space model with periodic coefficients. This PSV model is then represented as a new shift-invariant system which is named the "Kiok-Neon" model. This model has several advantages that include ease of analysis and reduced computations compared to the existing state-space models. An algorithm is developed that transforms any given 2-D PSV FM system to its equivalent "Kiok-Neon" model. Invertibility of this model is an important consideration, especially in image scrambling applications. A condition is established for the invertibility of the "Kiok-Neon" model of the 2-D PSV system. Also, the inverse system can be easily computed from the original.
T01A-programming languages: T01A2-Source language representation of program control state
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd annual computer science conference on Program information abstracts (1974)

The concept of control is receiving increasing attention today among programming language researchers. Structured programming has recognized the importance of control in the construction of planned correct programs. Application areas such as artificial intelligence and operating system design have revealed the inadequacy of control forms in popular languages. This abstract reports on a new method for the definition and manipulation of control: through the representation of a control state as a source language program fragment whose execution leads to the specified control state. An immediate application of this concept is in conversational systems, where the problem of preserving suspended executions in symbolic form is crucial. Another application is to the design of base languages for control extension. It is an appealing conjecture that any language facilitating such a representation would be significantly richer in control extension primitives than currently existing languages. The research outlined here is focused on the analysis of essential supporting features in such a language, and their evaluation in an exploratory system for conversational control experimentation.
Computer Network Associates
Authors: D. F. Costello
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th annual ACM SIGUCCS conference on User services (1978)

The CNA program aims at developing more knowledgeable faculty members into authors of programs or systems or as members of a team charged with authoring a program or system.
How do people organize their desks? (Extended Abstract): Implications for the design of office information systems
Authors: Thomas W. Malone
Venue: ACM SIGOA Newsletter (1982)

In this paper, I describe a series of case studies of how professional and clerical office workers organize the information in their desks and offices. Then I discuss a number of implications of these results for designing natural and convenient office information systems. Two principal claims are made: (1) A very important function of desk organization is to remind the user of things to do, not just to help the user find desired information. Failing to support this function can seriously impair the usefulness of electronic office systems, and explicitly facilitating it can provide an important advantage for automated office systems over their non-automated predecessors. (2) The cognitive difficulty of categorizing information is an important factor in explaining how people organize their desks. Computer-based systems can help with this difficulty by: (a) doing as much automatic classification as possible (e.g., based on access dates), and by (b) including untitled &ldquo;piles&rdquo; of information arranged by physical location as well as explicitly titled and logically arranged &ldquo;files&rdquo;.
SIGMINI (Tutorial Session)
Authors: Ted Cary, John Tartar
Venue: Proceedings of the 1976 annual conference (1976)

Prof. Tartar's presentation will include comparisons and contrasts between minicomputers and microprocessors. Topics to be covered in the presentation include technical organization, software support, applications, and social implications of the future development of this technology.
Development of educational software using the DEC PDP-11
Authors: D. D. Cowan, P. H. Dirksen, J. W. Graham, J. W. Welch
Venue: ACM SIGPLAN Notices (1976)

During the past two years, the Waterloo Foundation for the Advancement of Computing (WATFAC) and the University of Waterloo have been developing educational software in a number of projects using DEC PDP-11 mini-computers. These projects include the development of WATFOR-11 (a load-and-go FORTRAN compiler), WATBOL-11 (a load-and-go COBOL compiler), and WIDJET (a student editing and job-entry system). This paper presents a survey of these projects and discusses several problems encountered during their implementation.
Within context&mdash;the application of team concepts to work teams
Authors: William J. Frost, Carol M. Vaughan
Venue: Proceedings of the fifteenth annual SIGCPR conference (1977)

The assumptions one makes about people and their roles within organizations have great impact on the interpersonal relationships within the organization and on its work product. Within the data processing environment are established career ladders which continue to reflect devotion to the idols of hierarchy and mechanism. At the top managers and project leaders are responsible for the decision making while subordinates are responsible for carrying out decisions. Under a system of rewards and punishment which is administered through a paradigm of role perspectives; Programers, program; Analysts, analyze; Computer Specialists, specialize; Supervisors, supervise; and Managers, manage. In order to address complex problems the data processing organization is frequently organized by fiat into task forces or ad hoc teams or more usually aligned and realigned into work teams to accomplish specific projects.
The search for the perfect handicap
Authors: Francis Scheid
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th conference on Winter simulation - Volume 2 (1978)

Suppose that two competitors A and B have symmetric score distributions. If B's mean score is greater than A's subtract the difference in means to obtain B's net scores. The result is suggested by Figure 1, in which B's net scores show greater variability. In a particular competition the actual net scores shot might be a and b. Assuming the objective is to score low, A wins this match. But for any such pair of scores there is a symmetric pair a', b' of equal probability for which B is the winner, so clearly each player ought to win Just as often as the other. The competition is fair. Put in another way, the mean score is a perfectly accurate measure of ability in this situation. The same can, of course, be said of the median. With B's game having wider spread there is the somewhat unfortunate fact that A can play his very best and still lose, but in compensation he can also play his very worst and still win. Things are about as fair as a cruel world allows. In most types of competition scores are not symmetrically distributed. In golf, for example, it is well known that poor scores range farther from the mean than good scores do, and more so for weak golfers than for strong ones. The question arises, what is then the most accurate measure of ability and do the mean and median still perform well? To find the answers to this and related questions in a golf setting the following experiments were carried out.