ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Disunification in ACI1 Theories
Authors: Agostino Dovier, Carla Piazza, Enrico Pontelli
Venue: Constraints (2004)

Disunification is the problem of deciding satisfiability of a system of equations and disequations with respect to a given equational theory. In this paper we study the disunification problem in the context of ACI1 equational theories. This problem is of great importance, for instance, for the development of constraint solvers over sets. Its solution opens new possibilities for developing automatic tools for static analysis and software verification. In this work we provide a characterization of the interpretation structures suitable to model the axioms in ACI1 theories. The satisfiability problem is solved using known techniques for the equality constraints and novel methodologies to transform disequation constraints to manageable solved forms. We propose four solved forms, each offering an increasingly more precise description of the set of solutions. For each solved form we provide the corresponding rewriting algorithm and we study the time complexity of the transformation. Remarkably, two of the solved forms can be computed and tested in polynomial time. All these solved forms are adequate to be used in the context of a Constraint Logic Programming system&mdash;e.g., they do not introduce universal quantifications, as instead happens in some of the existing solved forms for disunification problems.
Liniking of errata: current practices in online physical sciences journals
Authors: Emily L. Poworoznek
Venue: Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology (2003)

Reader awareness of article corrections can be of critical importance in the physical and biomedical sciences. Comparison of errata and corrigenda in online versions of high-impact physical sciences journals across titles and publishers yielded surprising variability. Of 43 online journals surveyed, 17 had no links between original articles and later corrections. When present, hyperlinks between articles and errata showed patterns in presentation style, but lacked consistency. Variability in the presentation, linking, and availability of online errata indicates that practices are not evenly developed across the field. Comparison of finding tools showed excellent coverage of errata by Science Citation Index, lack of indexing in INSPEC, and lack of retrieval with SciFinder Scholar. The development of standards for the linking of original articles to errata is recommended.
Creating learning environments that support interaction
Authors: Kathy Garvin-Doxas, Lecia J. Barker
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th annual conference on Innovation and technology in computer science education (2003)

In previous work [1], we characterized the communication climate in the traditional CS program as a defensive communication climate [2]. As a practical extension of this work, in this brief presentation we will present a few practical techniques for creating the sort of classroom environment that encourages students to participate and also supports group learning.
Hardware/software co-design then and now
Authors: Niklaus Wirth
Venue: Information Processing Letters (2003)

Hardware/software co-design recently became a field of research and a method of development both important and fashionable. We show that it is a technique already used some decades ago, and discuss its various aspects, forms and benefits. At the same time, the advent of programmable devices is increasingly blurring the distinction between hardware and software, and thereby seems to render co-design an obvious, unavoidable strategy.This paper is dedicated to Wlad Turski, my old colleague and faithful friend in Warsaw since the times when "Eastern Europe" still belonged to a different world.
A mid-level representation framework for semantic sports video analysis
Authors: Ling-Yu Duan, Min Xu, Tat-Seng Chua, Qi Tian, Chang-Sheng Xu
Venue: Proceedings of the eleventh ACM international conference on Multimedia (2003)

Sports video has been widely studied due to its tremendous commercial potentials. Despite encouraging results from various specific sports games, it is almost impossible to extend a system for a new sports game because they usually employ different sets of low-level features appropriate for the specific games and closely coupled with the use of game specific rules to detect events or highlights. There is a lack of internal representation and structure to be generic and applicable for many different sports. In this paper, we present a generic mid-level representation framework for semantic sports video analysis. The mid-level representation layer is introduced between the low-level audio-visual processing and high-level semantic analysis. It allows us to separate sports specific knowledge and rules from the low-level and mid-level feature extraction. This makes sports video analysis more efficient, effective, and less ad-hoc for various types of sports. To achieve robustness of the low-level feature analysis, a non-parametric clustering, mean shift procedure, has been successfully applied to both color and motion analysis. The proposed framework has been tested for five field-ball type sports covering duration of about 8 hours. Experiments have shown its robust performance in semantic analysis and event detection. We believe that the proposed mid-level representation framework can be used for event detection, highlight extraction, summarization and personalization of many types of sports video.
UFAT: a particle tracer for time-dependent flow fields
Authors: David A. Lane
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on Visualization '94 (1994)

Time-dependent (unsteady) flow fields are commonly generated in Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations; however, there are very few flow visualization systems that generate particle traces in unsteady flow fields. Most existing systems generate particle traces in time-independent flow fields. A particle tracing system has been developed to generate particle traces in unsteady flow fields. The system was used to visualize several 3D unsteady flow fields from real-world problems, and it has provided useful insights into the time-varying phenomena in the flow fields. In this paper, the design requirements and the architecture of the system are described. Some examples of particle traces computed by the system are also shown.
Designing mobile technologies to support co-present collaboration
Authors: Helen Cole, Danaë Stanton
Venue: Personal and Ubiquitous Computing (2003)

Mobile technologies offer new opportunities for children&rsquo;s educational activities in that they can be used across different locations and times. Naturally, some instances of mobile technology use will necessitate, or be enhanced by, the sharing of information. Social interaction is important for sharing ideas, constructing and shaping understanding and fundamental for educational development. However the physical size of mobile technologies presents interesting challenges when designing for collaborative activities. When designing mobile technologies the importance of collaborative tasks has often been overlooked. The replacement of low-tech artefacts with digital devices, for supporting multiple users, can inhibit the shareability of information. We present three projects where mobile technologies have been used as part of a larger mixed reality experience. Novel technologies were used to support children&rsquo;s collaborative activities in storytelling, an adventure game and during an outdoor field trip. Interaction with mobile devices within each project is reviewed and the authors highlight important considerations for their design and use across multiple contexts.
Lattice hypercube designs
Authors: Tung-Shan Fu, Kwun-Shen Lin
Venue: Discrete Applied Mathematics (2003)

Motivated by the studies of lattice square designs and RCF designs of Chateauneuf et al. (Ann. Combin. 3 (1999) 27-35) lattice hypercube designs and RCF designs of higher dimensions are proposed in a natural way on the property of unique collinearity of pairs of points. The existence and a construction of both designs are given.
Towards the support of innovative conceptual design through interactive designer/evolutionary computing strategies
Authors: I. C. Parmee, C. R. Bonham
Venue: Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing (2000)

The paper discusses the requirements of the engineering designer during the higher, conceptual levels of the design process in terms of search within initial predefined design spaces and subsequent exploration of transformed design spaces. Such transformation is based upon information gathered from initial search using evolutionary techniques that rapidly identify high-performance regions of complex design spaces. It is proposed that off-line processing of such information and associated design team discussion in an iterative designer/evolutionary search procedure can strengthen the knowledge base relating to the problem at hand and initiate significant change in the design environment. Research relating to appropriate evolutionary search and exploratory procedures is described and illustrated with results from simple test functions and real-world design problems. These results support discussion related to the manner in which the techniques may best support innovative and creative design activity in an interactive design team/evolutionary search environment.
Integrating Microarray Data by Consensus Clustering
Authors: Vladimir Filkov, Steven Skiena
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence (2003)

With the exploding volume of microarray experiments comes increasing interest in mining repositories of such data. Meaningfully combining results from varied experiments on an equal basis is a challenging task. Here we propose a general method for integrating heterogeneousdata sets based on the consensus clustering formalism. Our method analyzes source-specific clusterings and identifies a consensus set-partition which is as close as possible to all of them. We develop a general criterion to assess the potential benefit of integrating multiple heterogeneous data sets, i.e. whether the integrated data is more informative than the individual data sets. We apply our methods on two popular sets of microarray data yielding gene classifications of potentially greater interest than could be derived from the analysis of each individual data set.
Advanced visualization for OLAP
Authors: Andreas S. Maniatis, Panos Vassiliadis, Spiros Skiadopoulos, Yannis Vassiliou
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th ACM international workshop on Data warehousing and OLAP (2003)

Data visualization is one of the big issues of database research. OLAP as a decision support technology is highly related to the developments of data visualization area. In this paper we demonstrate how the Cube Presentation Model (CPM), a novel presentational model for OLAP screens, can be naturally mapped on the Table Lens, which is an advanced visualization technique from the Human-Computer Interaction area, particularly tailored for cross-tab reports. We consider how the user interacts with an OLAP screen and based on the particularities of Table Lens, we propose an automated proactive users support. Finally, we discuss the necessity and the applicability of advanced visualization techniques in the presence of recent technological developments.
On-line identification and optimal control of continuous-time systems
Authors: Jyh-Horng Chou, Jung-Hung Sun, Jyh-Nan Shieh
Venue: Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (2003)

In this paper, a moving algorithm for on-line identification of continuous-time systems is developed. With the proposed algorithm, the observed input-output data can be directly used to estimate the system parameters without any numerical pre-processing, and by means of a recursive formula the estimates can be updated step by step without repeatedly computing the matrix inversion. In this way, the use of both computer memory and computing time can be reduced. Besides, the computations are simple and straightforward. From the moving identification algorithm, a linear moving model can be obtained to represent the control systems. The on-line optimal control algorithm is also developed via the linear moving model. A slider-crank motion control system is used to illustrate that the proposed on-line identification and optimal control algorithms can give satisfactory results.
Efficiently supporting order in XML query processing
Authors: Maged El-Sayed, Katica Dimitrova, Elke A. Rundensteiner
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th ACM international workshop on Web information and data management (2003)

Query processing over XML data sources has emerged as a popular topic. XML is an ordered data model and XQuery expressions return results that have a well-defined order. However little work on how order is supported in XML query processing has been done to date. In this paper we study the challenges related to handling order in the XML context, namely challenges imposed by the XML data model, by the variety of distinct XML operators and by incremental view maintenance. We have proposed an efficient solution that addresses these issues. We use a key encoding for XML nodes that supports both node identity and node order. We have designed order encoding rules based on the XML algebraic query execution data model and on node encodings that does not require any actual sorting for intermediate results during execution. Our approach supports more efficient incremental view maintenance as it makes most XML operators distributive with respect to bag union. Our approach is implemented in the context of Rainbow [25], an XML data management system developed at WPI. We prove the correctness of our order encoding approach, namely that it ensures order handling for query processing and for view maintenance. We also show, through experiments, that the overhead of maintaining order in our approach is indeed neglectible.
Free iterative theories: a coalgebraic view
Authors: Ji&rbreve;í Adámek, Stefan Milius, Ji&rbreve;í Velebil
Venue: Mathematical Structures in Computer Science (2003)

Every finitary endofunctor of $\Set$ is proved to generate a free iterative theory in the sense of Elgot. This work is based on coalgebras, specifically on parametric corecursion, and the proof is presented for categories more general than just $\Set$.
Probability Distributions of Assets Inferred from Option Prices via the Principle of Maximum Entropy
Authors: J. Borwein, R. Choksi, P. Maréchal
Venue: SIAM Journal on Optimization (2003)

This article revisits the maximum entropy algorithm in the context of recovering the probability distribution of an asset from the prices of finitely many associated European call options via partially finite convex programming. We are able to provide an effective characterization of the constraint qualification under which the problem reduces to optimizing an explicit function in finitely many variables. We also prove that the value (or objective) function is lower semicontinuous on its domain. Reference is given to a website which exploits these ideas for the efficient computation of the maximum entropy solution (MES).
Randomized selection in n + C + o(n) comparisons
Authors: Alexandros V. Gerbessiotis, Constantinos J. Siniolakis
Venue: Information Processing Letters (2003)

In this paper we present a randomized selection algorithm that with high probability 1 - 1/nρ, for any constant ρ > 1 requires n + C + o(n) comparisons to determine the Cth order statistic of n keys thus matching a corresponding lower bound on the average number of comparisons required. Low order terms in the number of comparisons performed can also be reduced by extending the algorithm of Floyd and Rivest and analyzing its resulting performance more carefully.
Conditions for the invertibility of the isoparametric mapping for hexahedral finite elements
Authors: P. Knabner, S. Korotov, G. Summ
Venue: Finite Elements in Analysis and Design (2003)

We consider the isoparametric mapping, which maps a given reference element onto a global element given by its vertices, for trilinear finite elements on hexahedra. We present an algorithm that checks the positivity of the Jacobian determinant depending on the position of the vertices and therefore ensures that the isoparametric mapping is locally invertible.
A Comparison of System Dynamics and Agent-Based Simulation Applied to the Study of Cellular Receptor Dynamics
Authors: Wayne W. Wakeland, Edward J. Gallaher, Louis M. Macovsky, C. Athena Aktipis
Venue: Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 37th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'04) - Track 3 - Volume 3 (2004)

Cellular receptor dynamics are often analyzed using differential equations, making system dynamics (SD) a candidate methodology. In some cases it may be useful to model the phenomena at the biomolecular level, especially when concentrations and reaction probabilities are low and might lead to unexpected behavior modes. In such cases, agent-based simulation (ABS) may be useful. We show the application of both SD and ABS to simulate non-equilibrium ligand-receptor dynamics over a broad range of concentrations, where the probability of interaction varies from low to very low. Both approaches offer much to the researcher and are complementary. We did not find a clear demarcation indicating when one paradigm or the other would be strongly preferred, although SD is an obvious choice when studying systems at a high level of aggregation and abstraction, and ABS is well suited to studying phenomena at the level of individual receptors and molecules.
EdgeWrite: a stylus-based text entry method designed for high accuracy and stability of motion
Authors: Jacob O. Wobbrock, Brad A. Myers, John A. Kembel
Venue: Proceedings of the 16th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology (2003)

EdgeWrite is a new unistroke text entry method for handheld devices designed to provide high accuracy and stability of motion for people with motor impairments. It is also effective for able-bodied people. An EdgeWrite user enters text by traversing the edges and diagonals of a square hole imposed over the usual text input area. Gesture recognition is accomplished not through pattern recognition but through the sequence of corners that are hit. This means that the full stroke path is unimportant and recognition is highly deterministic, enabling better accuracy than other gestural alphabets such as Graffiti. A study of able-bodied users showed subjects with no prior experience were 18% more accurate during text entry with Edge Write than with Graffiti (p>.05), with no significant difference in speed. A study of 4 subjects with motor impairments revealed that some of them were unable to do Graffiti, but all of them could do Edge Write. Those who could do both methods had dramatically better accuracy with Edge Write.
Singularities in mixture models and upper bounds of stochastic complexity
Authors: Keisuke Yamazaki, Sumio Watanabe
Venue: Neural Networks (2003)

A learning machine which is a mixture of several distributions, for example, a gaussian mixture or a mixture of experts, has a wide range of applications. However, such a machine is a non-identifiable statistical model with a lot of singularities in the parameter space, hence its generalization property is left unknown. Recently an algebraic geometrical method has been developed which enables us to treat such learning machines mathematically. Based on this method, this paper rigorously proves that a mixture learning machine has the smaller Bayesian stochastic complexity than regular statistical models. Since the generalization error of a learning machine is equal to the increase of the stochastic complexity, the result of this paper shows that the mixture model can attain the more precise prediction than regular statistical models if Bayesian estimation is applied in statistical inference.
Built-in Self-test Technique for Selective Detection of Neighbourhood Pattern Sensitive Faults in Memories
Authors: Rajeshwar S. Sable, Ravindra P. Saraf, Rubin A. Parekhji, Arun N. Chandorkar
Venue: Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on VLSI Design (2004)

Traditional tests for memories are based on conventionalfault models, involving the address decoder, individualmemory cells and a limited coupling between them. Thealgorithms used in these tests have been successivelyaugmented to consider stronger coupling conditions. Built-inself-test (BIST) solutions for testing memories todayincorporate hardware for test pattern generation andapplication for a variety of these algorithms. This paperpresents a BIST implementation for detection ofneighbourhood pattern sensitive faults (NPSFs) in randomaccess memories (RAMs). These faults are of different classesand types. More specifically, active, passive and static faultsfor distance 1 and 2 neighbourhoods, of types 1 and 2, areconsidered. It is shown how the proposed address generationand test pattern generation schemes can be made scaleablefor the given fault type under consideration.
Interactive 3D gene expression viewer
Authors: Victor E. Gerth, Peter D. Vize
Venue: ACM SIGGRAPH 2003 Web Graphics (2003)

Gene expression can be visualized in three dimensions using volume data generated through confocal microscopy. The Interactive Gene Expression viewer provides a way to view spatial relationships between different gene expression patterns and anatomic features. Web based 3D enabled technologies such as the Interactive Gene Expression viewer help to facilitate the analysis of 3D gene expression patterns and the creation of bioinformatics databases that can use this data to predict gene interaction and function.
The Micro Trolley Based on SMA and its Control System
Authors: Qin Yao, Sheng Jin, Pei-Sun Ma
Venue: Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems (2004)

The structure and control system of a micro trolley imitating an insect is introduced. Its movement mechanism is analyzed. The micro trolley imitates the motion of creature muscle using an SMA (Shape Memory Alloy) actuator. An elastic rubber band is put side by side with the SMA actuator so that the velocity of movement increases to almost twice as fast as without the elastic rubber band. The anti-reverse device attached to each wheel successfully prevents the wheels from turning backwards. This paper also analyzes the experiment results of the trolley. The prototype can be applied to the inspection and maintenance of micro pipes and tubes in such specific fields as nuclear power plants or space shuttles.
The effectiveness of different test sets for PLAs
Authors: Peter C. Maxwell, Hans-Joachim Wunderlich
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on European design automation (1990)

It has been theoretically demonstrated that the single stuck-at fault model for a PLA does not cover as many faults as the single crosspoint model. What has not been demonstrated is the real relative effectiveness of test sets generated using these models. This paper presents the results of a study involving presenting a number of test sets to fabricated PLAs to determine their effectiveness. The test sets included weighted random patterns, of particular interest owing to PLAs being random resistant. Details are given of a method to generate weights, taking into account a PLA's structure.
Requirements elicitation and formalization through external design and object-oriented specification
Authors: Oscar Barros
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th international workshop on Software specification and design (1993)

We present on integrated methodology for deriving the requirements of on Information System based on the design of the organizational components external to the computer. This methodology, which is supported by a CASE software, results in the definition and formal specification of computer objects that satisfy above requirements. Such objects can be executed for requirements validation.