ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Low and room temperature studies of RF to DC rectifiers based on ballistic transport
Authors: Lukasz Bednarz, Rashmi, Benoít Hackens, Ghania Farhi, Vincent Bayot, Isabelle Huynen, Jean-Sébastien Galloo, Yannick Roelens, Sylvain Bollaert, Alain Cappy
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2005)

We report on DC and broadband HF to DC conversion measurements of a Double Y-branch junction. Nonlinear DC characteristics of the devices are observed and HF to DC conversion up to 50GHz at 77K and at room temperature is presented. The HF to DC conversion efficiency degradation at high frequencies is found to be partly due to losses in interconnects feeding the device.
Colour and Texture Features for Content Based Image Retrieval
Authors: Lenina Birgale, Manesh Kokare, Dharmpal Doye
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualisation (2006)

The novel approach combines colour and texture features for content based image retrieval. Features like colour and texture are obtained by computing the measure of standard deviation in combination with energy on each colour band of image and sub band of wavelet. Wavelet transform is used for decomposing the image into 2x2 subbands. Feature database in content-based image retrieval of 640 Visual texture (VisTex) color images is constructed. It is observed that proposed method outperforms the other conventional histograms and standard wavelet decomposition techniques.
A culture of understanding: an examination of face-to-face and computer mediated environments
Authors: Andrew Cohen
Venue: Proceedings of the 1996 international conference on Learning sciences (1996)

Schools should foster cultures of understanding, that is, student communities that actively inquire and intentionally build common knowledge structures. This paper analyzed the affordances of the Computer-Supported Intentional Learning Environment (CSILE) (Scardamalia, Bereiter, McLean, Swallow, & Woodruff, 1989), as compared to face-to-face collaboration for supporting cultures of understanding. The investigation was an analysis of twelve weeks of work involving thirty students in ten triads. The students were working on a unit, "Gravity and the Solar System". Part of this unit was devoted to students designing experiments and testing their hypotheses on two problems: "What affects how things fall" and "What affects the path of satellites/comets." Students' oral discourse from the CSILE and the face-to-face conditions were analyzed from video tape-recordings and transcripts. The results indicated that with respect to active monitoring and regulation of their own or others actions and ideas, hereafter called meta-processes, there was significantly more meta-processes in the CSILE condition compared to the face-to-face condition. The discussion focused on how CSILE supports meta-processes through interactions between students' work on CSILE, and oral inquiry about that work. The affordances of CSILE were discussed in light of other uses of technology in the classroom.
Dynamical Motion Vocabularies for Kinematic Tracking and Activity Recognition
Authors: Odest Chadwicke Jenkins, German Gonzalez, Matthew Loper
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshop (2006)

We present a method for 3D monocular kinematic pose estimation and activity recognition through the use of dynamical human motion vocabularies. A motion vocabulary is comprised as a set of primitives that each describe the movement dynamics of an activity in a low-dimensional space. Given image observations over time, each primitive is used to infer the pose independently using its expected dynamics in the context of a particle filter. Pose estimates from a set of primitives are inferred in parallel and arbitrated to estimate the activity being performed. The approach presented is evaluated through tracking and activity recognition over extended motion trials. The results suggest robustness with respect to multi-activity movement, movement speed, and camera viewpoint.
Shared knowledge construction process in an open-source software development community: an investigation of the Gallery community
Authors: Xun Ge, Yifei Dong, Kun Huang
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Learning sciences (2006)

An investigation was conducted to study shared knowledge construction process in an Open-Source Software Development (OSSD) community. Using a qualitative study approach, we examined the resources, tools, and activities in the Gallery community to create a rich description of the interrelationships among people, activities, and media. Of particular interest was how the individuals contributed to the building of a shared knowledge base through collaborative problem-solving and decision-making processes, mediated with the OSSD environment. The study indicated that the collaboration process was symbolized by multiple rounds of discussions, which were means to pool individuals' expertise and experiences to obtain quality problem-solving and decision-making outcomes. The study also revealed that the OSSD environment mediated the collaborative efforts through virtual collaboration space, visual organization, and communication tools. The findings have important implications for designing effective instruction specifically for computing disciplines in promoting students' collaborative problem solving and decision making.
Information technology online: a knowledge framework for curriculum externalisation
Authors: Andrew Finegan, Jodi Tutty, Barbara White
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th Austalian conference on Computing education - Volume 52 (2006)

Faced with increasing competition for students and funds, Australian universities hope that innovative technologies will provide the capability to offer flexible learning pathways that meet the needs of current and future students. However, the application of such technologies to develop an IT (information technology) degree for online external delivery is a difficult and complex process with both technological and human dimensions. Adopting a knowledge framework and a systems thinking approach can help IT educators to better appreciate the significance of their efforts to date, and give direction to future initiatives. This framework and approach is presented in this study as a stakeholder analysis that identifies the key actors, together with their viewpoints and perceptions that influence the outcome of curriculum externalisation projects.
Should Teachers be Trained as they are Supposed to Teach?
Authors: Piet Kommers
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (2006)

In this panel discussion the position will be defended that the ideal of constructionistic learning does not necessarily imply that teacher education is entirely oriented around constructionistic learning approaches as well. The thesis is that instructional skills are needed to make young teachers aware of the spectrum system- / learner control and that explicit moments of direct instruction are needed to make pupils sensitive on how to cope with procedural skills and acquire uniform directives as well. The panel presentation will illustrate how mobile devices may finally help in whispering via a Bluetooth earphone critical keywords between peer teacher students.
Network data mining: methods and techniques for discovering deep linkage between attributes
Authors: John Galloway, Simeon J. Simoff
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd Asia-Pacific conference on Conceptual modelling - Volume 53 (2006)

Network Data Mining identifies emergent networks between myriads of individual data items and utilises special algorithms that aid visualisation of 'emergent' patterns and trends in the linkage. It complements conventional data mining methods, which assume the independence between the attributes and the independence between the values of these attributes. These techniques typically flag, alert or alarm instances or events that could represent anomalous behaviour or irregularities because of a match with pre-defined patterns or rules. They serve as 'exception detection' methods where the rules or definitions of what might constitute an exception are able to be known and specified ahead of time. Many problems are suited to this approach. Many problems however, especially those of a more complex nature, are not well suited. The rules or definitions simply cannot be specified. For example, in the analysis of transaction data there are no known suspicious transactions. This chapter presents a human-centred network data mining methodology that addresses the issues of depicting implicit relationships between data attributes and/or specific values of these attributes. A case study from the area of security illustrates the application of the methodology and corresponding data mining techniques. The chapter argues that for many problems, a 'discovery' phase in the investigative process based on visualisation and human cognition is a logical precedent to, and complement of, more automated 'exception detection' phases.
A Mechanism for Efficient Management of Changes in BPEL based Business Processes: An Algebraic Methodology
Authors: Jeewani A. Ginige, Uma Sirinivasan, Athula Ginige
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on e-Business Engineering (2006)

Business Process Execution Language (BPEL) is an XML-based Web service composition language that is commonly used for the orchestration of business processes. Orchestration refers to the sequencing of services, usually defined in a separate Web Services Definition Language (WSDL) document, in order to provide additional logic to process data, which essentially creates the application logic. In certain situations, when business goals or policies change, these services (external to the orchestrated process) may change in a way that it affects the orchestrated process. For example, some services may be removed and new ones introduced. In situations like this, BPEL models need to be changed accordingly. In large and complex business processes, due to the verbose nature of BPEL, making alterations to BPEL descriptions is an arduous task, and can often lead to inconsistencies and errors. This paper demonstrates a way to map BPEL processes and related WSDL service descriptions into algebraic expressions, which encapsulate all process elements into a single phrase. The purpose of these algebraic expressions is to easily identify the effect of service changes in the orchestrated process, which in turn enables the required changes to be carried out efficiently in-situ within a given context, without disturbing the consistency of the overall BPEL document. The proposed algebraic methodology is based on Kleene Algebra with Tests (KAT), which is a new branch of algebra that lends itself for practical modeling purposes.
Product HMMs for audio-visual continuous speech recognition using facial animation parameters
Authors: P. S. Aleksic, A. K. Katsaggelos
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 International Conference on Multimedia and Expo - Volume 1 (2003)

The use of visual information in addition to acoustic can improve automatic speech recognition. In this paper we compare different approaches for audio-visual information integration and show how they affect automatic speech recognition performance. We utilize facial animation parameters (FAPs), supported by the MPEG-4 standard for the visual representation as visual features. We use both single-stream and multi-stream hidden Markov models (HMM) to integrate audio and visual information. We performed both state and phone synchronous multi-stream integration. Product HMM topology is used to model the phone-synchronous integration. ASR experiments were performed under noisy audio conditions using a relatively large vocabulary (approximately 1000 words) audio-visual database. The proposed phone-synchronous system, which performed the best, reduces the word error rate (WER) by approximately 20% relatively to audio-only ASR (A-ASR) WERs, at various SNRs with additive white Gaussian noise.
Towards a Linguist's Workbench Supporting eScience Methods
Authors: A. Dimitriadis, M. Kemps-Snijders, P. Wittenburg, M. Everaert, S. Levinson
Venue: Proceedings of the Second IEEE International Conference on e-Science and Grid Computing (2006)

The domain of language resources is fragmented in many dimensions. Institutional fragmentation is currently being addressed by Grid projects, which will allow access to resources across institutional boundaries. While technical encoding and structural/format differences constitute significant challenges,, this paper focuses on the problem of the terminological differences encountered when researchers access resources from different projects and creators. We outline two projects that employ a bottom-up approach, and discuss potential extensions towards an eventual Service Oriented Architecture that will bring together all the different components required to overcome the various fragmentation boundaries and open the road to an eHumanities environment.
Blind fractionally-spaced equalization, perfect-reconstruction filter banks and multichannel linear prediction
Authors: D. T. M. Slock
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing,1994. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 04 (1994)

Equalization for digital communications constitutes a very particular blind deconvolution problem in that the received signal is cyclostationary. Oversampling (OS) (w.r.t. the symbol rate) of the cyclostationary received signal leads to a stationary vector-valued signal (polyphase representation (PR)). OS also leads to a fractionally-spaced channel model and equalizer. In the PR, channel and equalizer can be considered as an analysis and synthesis filter bank. Zero-forcing (ZF) equalization corresponds to a perfect-reconstruction filter bank. We show that in the OS case FIR ZF equalizers exist for a FIR channel. In the PR, the multichannel linear prediction of the noiseless received signal becomes singular eventually, reminiscent of the single-channel prediction of a sum of sinusoids. As a result, the channel can be identified from the received signal second-order statistics by linear prediction in the noise-free case, and by using the Pisarenko method when there is additive noise. In the given data case, MUSIC (subspace) or ML techniques can be applied.
Adaptive Caches: Effective Shaping of Cache Behavior to Workloads
Authors: Ranjith Subramanian, Yannis Smaragdakis, Gabriel H. Loh
Venue: Proceedings of the 39th Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture (2006)

We present and evaluate the idea of adaptive processor cache management. Specifically, we describe a novel and general scheme by which we can combine any two cache management algorithms (e.g., LRU, LFU, FIFO, Random) and adaptively switch between them, closely tracking the locality characteristics of a given program. The scheme is inspired by recent work in virtual memory management at the operating system level, which has shown that it is possible to adapt over two replacement policies to provide an aggregate policy that always performs within a constant factor of the better component policy. A hardware implementation of adaptivity requires very simple logic but duplicate tag structures. To reduce the overhead, we use partial tags, which achieve good performance with a small hardware cost. In particular, adapting between LRU and LFU replacement policies on an 8-way 512KB L2 cache yields a 12.7% improvement in average CPI on applications that exhibit a non-negligible L2 miss ratio. Our approach increases total cache storage by 4.0%, but it still provides slightly better performance than a conventional 10-way setassociative 640KB cache which requires 25% more storage.
Turbulence Effects on Kinetic Equations
Authors: Steven A. Orszag, Hudong Chen, Sauro Succi, Jonas Latt, Bastien Chopard
Venue: Journal of Scientific Computing (2006)

It is well known that fluid dynamics can be derived from a kinetic (Boltzmann equation) framework. Here we propose that the variance of a fluctuating kinetic relaxation time be linked to turbulent time scales. It is further proposed that this connection be explored by direct numerical simulation of turbulence.
Lazy Rule Refinement by Knowledge-Based Agents
Authors: Cristina Boicu, Gheorghe Tecuci, Mihai Boicu
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications (2006)

This paper presents recent results on developing learning agents that can be taught by subject matter experts how to solve problems, through examples and explanations. It introduces the lazy rule refinement method where the expert modifies an example generated by a learned rule. In this case the agent has to decide whether to modify the rule (if the modification applies to all the previous positive examples) or to learn a new rule. However, checking the previous examples would be disruptive or even impossible. The lazy rule refinement method provides an elegant solution to this problem, in which the agent delays the decision whether to modify the rule or to learn a new rule until it accumulated enough examples during the follow-on problem solving process. This method has been incorporated into the Disciple learning agent shell and used in the complex application areas of center of gravity analysis and intelligence analysis.
Indirect Authorization Topologies for Grid Access Control
Authors: G Geethakumari, Atul Negi, V N. Sastry
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Information Technology (2006)

Delegation is an indirect authorization technique used in grids. Existing grid delegation mechanisms rely on authentication. We propose an indirect authorization approach for grids using role delegation. This method suggests four different interconnection topologies for the grid access control components for inter-domain as well as intra-domain role delegation.
Characterization of the EMC Performances of the CAN Bus in a Typical System Bus Architecture for Small Satellites
Authors: Gianluca Casarosa, Michele Apuzzo, Luca Fanucci, Bruno Sarti
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th EUROMICRO Conference on Digital System Design (2006)

The cost reduction is a key factor in the preparation of new scientific missions for space exploration and therefore in the design of Space Craft (S/C). In order to achieve this goal, investigations are carried out in order to verify the usability of components off the shelf (COTS) and technologies widely used in the industry. In this frame, a test campaign has been performed at the European Space and Technology Centre (ESTEC) of the European Space Agency (ESA). The campaign aims at characterizing the CAN bus in terms of EMC, specifically radiated emission, in a typical configuration for a small satellite, evaluating the effect of different configurations in its performances. The CAN bus has been selected because it is considered a good alternative to the reliable MIL-STD-1553B bus, often used as control bus of a Space Craft.
Designing a Crossbar Scheduler for HPC Applications
Authors: Cyriel Minkenberg, Francois Abel, Peter Muller, Raj Krishnamurthy, Mitchell Gusat, Peter Dill, Ilias Iliadis, Ronald Luijten, B. Roe Hemenway, Richard Grzybowski, Enrico Schiattarella
Venue: IEEE Micro (2006)

A crucial part of any high-performance computing (HPC) system is its interconnection network. Corning and IBM are jointly developing a demonstration interconnect based on optical cell swtiching with electronic control. Key innovations in the scheduler architecture directly address the main HPC requirements: low latency, high throughput, efficient multicast suppot, and high reliability.
The tangible augmented street map
Authors: Antoni Moore, Holger Regenbrecht
Venue: Proceedings of the 2005 international conference on Augmented tele-existence (2005)

This short paper describes initial progress with the Tangible Augmented Street Map (TASM), which uses tangible Augmented Reality to display virtual geographic objects on the faces of a cube for navigation in the outdoors environment. Rather than specific objects being absolutely linked with specific patterns (one pattern per cube face), a relative linking system is put forward. Rotation of the cube in any one of the four major directions will display objects that are geographically in that direction. This intuitive panning across space is therefore theoretically infinite, limited only by the extent of the spatial data.
MAPLE: a framework for mobility-aware pro-active low energy clustering in ad hoc mobile wireless networks: Research Articles
Authors: Rajesh Palit, Ekram Hossain, Parimala Thulasiraman
Venue: Wireless Communications Mobile Computing (2006)

We propose a framework for mobility-aware pro-active low energy (MAPLE) clustering in ad hoc mobile wireless networks. Most of the clustering approaches proposed in the literature primarily focus on the algorithmic aspects of clustering without considering the practical implementation issues and these are often reactive in nature. The proposed approach addresses the problem of clustering in a medium-access control framework and enables pro-active and energy-efficient clustering by exploiting the node mobility information. In particular, for pro-active clustering we introduce a method to exploit the link level information to estimate the mobility pattern of the wireless nodes and the cost of using a wireless link in terms of required transmission power. A channel reservation technique is used to reduce the number of contentions among the nodes while accessing the channel during cluster formation. Simulation results show that the proposed framework results in superior clustering performance in terms of stability, load distribution, and control overhead compared to other clustering approaches proposed in the literature. Copyright &copy; 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.This work was supported in part by a Fellowship from the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada and in part by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada.
Knowledge-Based System for Managing Complex Clinical Trials
Authors: Ravi D. Shankar, Susana B. Martins, Martin O'Connor, David B. Parrish, Amar K. Das
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th IEEE Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems (2006)

Clinical trials are formal patient studies that serve as the gold standard method for establishing the efficacy of medical treatments. There is an enormous requirement to specify the knowledge used at all stages of clinical trials - including planning, implementation, and analysis - so that they can be faithfully executed by a clinical research organization. We are building Epoch, a knowledge-based system, to help a large research consortium, the Immune Tolerance Network (ITN), undertake trials to advance new therapeutics in immune-mediated disorders. We are currently targeting two application areas essential to the successful implementation of a trial: (1) tracking study participants as they advance through a study, and (2) tracking biological specimens as they are processed at laboratories. In this paper, we discuss our use of the Web Ontology Language (OWL) to create a suite of ontologies that conceptualize the clinical trial domain and show how they can inform our system. We show that our ontological framework provides a stable, consistent platform to define, maintain, and distribute the knowledge requirements used in clinical trial management.
Adaptive processes for knowledge creation in complex systems: the case of a global IT consulting firm
Authors: Karma Sherif, Bo Xing
Venue: Information and Management (2006)

Knowledge is becoming more important as the foundation of a resource-based theory of the firm but the process of knowledge creation is still neglected. There is no clear understanding of the processes that an organization should adopt to create new knowledge. Drawing on complex adaptive theory, we developed a holistic process to provide a means for knowledge creation; based on the properties of CAS, multiple level processes for knowledge creation were identified. Data collected from a leading multinational IT consulting firm was used to illustrate how the proposed processes were implemented.