ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Testing homogeneity of a large data set by bootstrapping
Authors: K. Morimune, Y. Hoshino
Venue: Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (2008)

It is not rare to analyze large data sets these days. Large data is usually of census type which is called the micro data in econometrics. The basic method of analysis is to estimate a single regression equation with common coefficients over the whole data. The same applies to other methods of estimation such as the discrete choice models, Tobit models, and so on. Heterogeneity in the data is usually adjusted by the dummy variables which represent socioeconomic differences among individuals in the sample. Including the coefficients of dummy variables, only one equation is estimated for the whole large sample, and it is usually not preferred to divide the whole sample into sub-samples. Data is said to be homogenous in this paper if a single equation is fit to the whole data, and if it explains socioeconomic properties of the data well. We may estimate an equation in each sub-population if the whole population is divided into known sub-populations. Regression coefficients are differentfrom one sub-population to another in this case, and the data is said to be heterogeneous in our paper. The analysis of variance is applied if sub-populations are known, and a sub-sample is collected from each sub-population. The sub-sample test statistics can be correlated with each other since the sub-samples can be overlapped. Critical values of the test statistics are calculated by simulations. An example follows.
Appreciating Computer-Based Technology Use in Teacher Education Programs: A Case-Study Monograph, First edition
Authors: Dr. Kioh Kim
Venue:  (2007)

This book is a case study based on Dr. Albert Bandura's (1977) Social Learning Theory, which posits that learners learn by what they observe from the modeling, attitudes, and emotional reactions of their teachers. This study, then, argues that preservice teachers will use computer-based technology in their classrooms in ways similar to the ways their college instructors modeled computer-based technology.
Automatic generation of persistent formations for multi-agent networks under range constraints
Authors: Brian Smith, Magnus Egerstedt, Ayanna Howard
Venue: Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Robot communication and coordination (2007)

We present graph-based methods for determining if a mobile robot network with a defined sensor and communication range can persistently achieve a specified formation, which implies that the formation, once achieved, will be preserved by the direct maintenance of a subset of inter-agent distances. Here, formations are defined by a set of points whose inter-point distances correspond to desired inter-agent distances. Further, we provide graph operations to describe agent interactions that implement a given formation, as well as an algorithm that, given a persistent formation, automatically generates a sequence of such operations.
A generic and extensible information infrastructure framework for mass-customizing platform products
Authors: George Q. Huang, Li Li, T. L. Lau, X. Chen
Venue: International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing (2007)

This paper discusses the design and development of an information infrastructure for customizing platform products on a mass scale. The resulting framework provides a technology forum for the Mass Customization (MC) and Platform Product Development (PPD) communities to deploy their most advanced tools and techniques as online services, in order to enable and facilitate meaningful interoperability of information and knowledge management. The design and development have been based on MC concepts and latest Information Technology constructs. A special language, ppXML, is derived from XML for modelling platform products, such that different PPD and MC Web services can exchange the information in the common language. prdUDDI and mcPortal provide useful facilities for different groups of users to register, deploy, search and activate their PPD and MC services with the portal. A case study on applying a platform product customization (PPc) Web service is presented to demonstrate how the portal is utilized and to identify what features are important to the users.
Fabrication of micro mold for hot-embossing of polyimide microfluidic platform by using electron beam lithography combined with inductively coupled plasma
Authors: Sung-Won Youn, Toshihiko Noguchi, Masaharu Takahashi, Ryutaro Maeda
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2008)

This study describes the fabrication of Si molds by using electron beam lithography (EBL) combined with inductively coupled plasma (ICP) etching and its application to the hot-emboss of polyimide (PI) microfluidic platform. The dynamic mechanical thermal properties and the formability of a polyimide film were investigated as a function of temperature by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) and hot-embossing tests. Based on the results, the microfluidic channel could be replicated on PI surface with good fidelity by hot-embossing with the Si mold structured by using EBL combined with ICP etching.
The symmetric (2k, k)-graphs
Authors: Matthias Kriesell
Venue: Journal of Graph Theory (2001)

A noncomplete graph G is called an (n, k)-graph if it is n-connected and G&thinsp;-&thinsp;X is not (n&thinsp;-&thinsp;|X|&thinsp;+&thinsp;1)-connected for any X&thinsp;&sube;&thinsp;V(G) with |X|&thinsp;&le;&thinsp;k. Mader conjectured that for k&thinsp;&ge;&thinsp;3 the graph K2k&thinsp;+&thinsp;2&thinsp;-&thinsp;(1-factor) is the unique (2k, k)-graph. We settle this conjecture for strongly regular graphs, for edge transitive graphs, and for vertex transitive graphs. &copy; 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Graph Theory 36: 35&ndash;51, 2001
Delay sensitive identity protection in peer-to-peer online gaming environments
Authors: Aaron Harwood, Santosh Kulkani
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems - Volume 02 (2007)

Peer-to-peer computing overcomes communication bottleneck problems associated with centralized game servers and provides an alternative mechanism to support massively multi-player online gaming (MMOG) applications. A potential security problem associated with this approach relates to player identity. In an MMOG, users from different parts of the network interact with each other in a virtual world. In a peer-to-peer model, these interactions happen directly between the peers and this leads to the IP addresses of peers being available in the network packets. Malicious users can extract the IP addresses of their opponents and the information can be used to gain unfair advantage by compromising their opponents&#x2019; computers. The well known approach to this problem is the use of anonymizing networks (onion routing and mixing), that anonymize the sender and the destination IP addresses from the peers along a path. However this approach introduces significant delays which are not desirable in MMOG applications. This paper proposes the use of a secret shared key to reduce computational delay and also provides a theoretical framework for trading off the strength of anonymity for reduced delay with respect to classes of interactions in the MMOG. The results suggest that appropriately low delays can be achieved with small reductions in anonymity strength.
Efficient scrambling of wavelet-based compressed images: a comparison between simple techniques for mobile applications
Authors: G. Ginesu, T. Onali, D. D. Giusto
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Mobile multimedia communications (2006)

Image scrambling is a fundamental task for several applications, from secure digital content transmission to mutual visual authentication. This paper proposes and evaluates several simple techniques with the aim of being efficient in respect to wavelet compression algorithms and fit for mobile applications. Then, the proposed methods are meant to comply with the average structure of wavelet-based coders and require very low computational capacity. Comparative results are provided both for evaluating the scrambling efficacy and the computational complexity.
QOS Multicast Routing Based on Bandwidth and Resource Availability in Mobile Adhoc Networks
Authors: G. Narsimha, A. Venugopal Reddy, B. Sateesh Kumar
Venue: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Networking (2008)

The need for supporting real time and multimedia applications for users of Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is becoming essential. Mobile ad hoc networks can provide multimedia users with mobility they demand, if efficient QoS multicast strategies were developed. The aim of this article is to define the building blocks of such an ad hoc QoS multicasting (AQM) protocol and propose a cross layer framework to support QoS multicasting. AQM achieves multicasting efficiency by tracking the availability of resources for each node within its neighbourhood. Computation of free bandwidth is based on reservations made for ongoing sessions and similar information reported by neighbours. Current QoS status is announced at the initiation of a new session and updated periodically in the network to the extent of QoS provision. Thus, nodes are prevented from applying for membership if there is no QoS path for the session. When nodes join a session with certain service requirements, a request–reply–reserve process ensures that the QoS information is refreshed and used to select the most appropriate routes. To evaluate the efficiency of AQM in providing multicast users with QoS and satisfying application requirements, two new performance metrics, member and session satisfaction grades are introduced. AQM is compared to a non-QoSscheme with particular emphasis on these criteria. Simulation results show that, by applying QoS restrictions, AQM significantly improves multicasting efficiency. Thus, QoS is both essential for and applicable to multicasting in order to support mobile multimedia applications in ad hoc networks.
FRCS: A File Replication and Consistency Service in Data Grids
Authors: Chao-Tung Yang, Chun-Pin Fu, Chien-Jung Huang, Ching-Hsien Hsu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering (2008)

In this paper, we propose a file replication and consistency service, called FRCS, for file maintenance in a data grid environment. Replicas will be adjusted to the appropriate location for using and anticipate striking a balance between improving data access performance and replica consistency in data grids. We propose the FRCS is aimed at overcoming the problem we proposed. And the experimental results show that the FRCS is more efficient than other replication strategies.
Generation and study of high-resolution satellite gravity over the Sumatran earthquake region
Authors: S. Chatterjee, R. Bhattacharyya, T. J. Majumdar
Venue: International Journal of Remote Sensing (2007)

We have utilized satellite altimetry data to generate the very high-resolution gravity anomaly maps to infer subsurface geological structures in the area of the devastating earthquake (and the corresponding tsunami) that struck the Indian Ocean near Sumatra (Indonesia) on 26 December 2004. In the present study, a high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) gravity image has been generated over a part of the eastern Indian offshore encompassing the Sumatran earthquake region apart from Ninety East Ridge, Andaman subduction zone, etc. Four latitudinal (2°, 3°, 4° and 8.6° N) gravity profiles have been generated across the epicentre (3° N/M w 9.0)/aftershock regions (4° N/M w 5.8 and 8.6° N/M w 6.0 and 6.6). A drastic change of gravity anomaly patterns (∼130 mGal) near the epicentre and the aftershock regions could be observed, which are however slowly diminishing further away from the epicentre. This gravitational difference might have been caused by the differences in plate tectonic processes. Minor/major gravitational differences in other areas may be due to the changes in densities of different lithospheric zones/sedimentary layers. Hence, our study further supports the idea that negative gravity and topography anomalies can be used as a predictor for occurrences of large earthquakes in subduction zones.
A three tier architecture applied to LiDAR processing and monitoring
Authors: Efrat Jaeger-Frank, Christopher J. Crosby, Ashraf Memon, Viswanath Nandigam, Jeffery Conner, J. Ramon Arrowsmith, Ilkay Altintas, Chaitan Baru
Venue: Scientific Programming (2006)

Emerging Grid technologies enable solving scientific problems that involve large datasets and complex analyses, which in the past were often considered difficult to solve. Coordinating distributed Grid resources and computational processes requires adaptable interfaces and tools that provide modularized and configurable environments for accessing Grid clusters and executing high performance computational tasks. Computationally intensive processes are also subject to a high risk of component failures and thus require close monitoring. In this paper we describe a scientific workflow approach to coordinate various resources via data analysis pipelines. We present a three tier architecture for LiDAR interpolation and analysis, a high performance processing of point intensive datasets, utilizing a portal, a scientific workflow engine and Grid technologies. Our proposed solution is available to the community in a unified framework through a shared cyberinfrastructure, the GEON portal, enabling scientists to focus on their scientific work and not be concerned with the implementation of the underlying infrastructure.
An Efficient Global Optimization of Neural Networks by Using Hybrid Method
Authors: Yong-Hyun Cho, Seong-Jun Hong
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 Frontiers in the Convergence of Bioscience and Information Technologies (2007)

This paper proposes a global optimization of neural network by hybrid method. The hybrid method combines a stochastic approximation with a gradient descent method. The approximation point inclined toward a global escaping from a local minimum is estimated first by stochastic approximation, and then the update rule of Hopfield model is applied for highspeed convergence as a gradient descent method. The proposed method has been applied to the 7-and 10-city traveling salesman problems, respectively. The experimental results show that the proposed method has superior convergence performances (rate and speed) to the conventional method that is Hopfield model with randomized initial neuron outputs setting. Especially, the proposed method is less affected by the initial outputs setting and so gives relatively better results than the Hopfield model as the prom size becomes larger.
Towards understanding the non-technical work experiences of recent Australian information technology graduates
Authors: Srivalli Nagarajan, Jenny Edwards
Venue: Proceedings of the tenth conference on Australasian computing education - Volume 78 (2008)

This paper is a part of an education research degree study where the main objective of the research is to describe and analyse the non-technical work experiences of recent Information Technology (IT) graduates with a view to generating a substantive theory of the relationship between non-technical work experiences of IT graduates and their University studies. It discusses the findings from the seven in-depth interviews conducted so far. The findings from the pilot study provide an insight into understanding graduate perceptions of the practical relevance of their University courses to the development of knowledge and non-technical skills applicable to their work experience.
URL decay in MEDLINE—a 4-year follow-up study
Authors: Jonathan D. Wren
Venue: Bioinformatics (2008)

Motivation: Internet-based electronic resources, as given by Uniform Resource Locators (URLs), are being increasingly used in scientific publications but are also becoming inaccessible in a time-dependant manner, a phenomenon documented across disciplines. Initial reports brought attention to the problem, spawning methods of effectively preserving URL content while some journals adopted policies regarding URL publication and begun storing supplementary information on journal websites. Thus, a reexamination of URL growth and decay in the literature is merited to see if the problem has grown or been mitigated by any of these changes. Results: After the 2003 study, three follow-up studies were conducted in 2004, 2005 and 2007. Unfortunately, no significant change was found in the rate of URL decay among any of the studies. However, only 5% of URLs cited more than twice have decayed versus 20% of URLs cited once or twice. The most common types of lost content were computer programs (43%), followed by scholarly content (38%) and databases (19%). Compared to URLs still available, no lost content type was significantly over-or underrepresented. Searching for 30 of these websites using Google, 11 (37%) were found relocated to different URLs. Conclusions: URL decay continues unabated, but URLs published by organizations tend to be more stable. Repeated citation of URLs suggests calculation of an electronic impact factor (eIF) would be an objective, quantitative way to measure the impact of Internet-based resources on scientific research. Contact: Jonathan-Wren@OMRF.org
Haptic Rendering of Drilling into Femur Bone with Graded Stiffness
Authors: Jang Ho Cho, Hoeryong Jung, Kyungno Lee, Doo Yong Lee, Hyung Soo Ahn
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 Frontiers in the Convergence of Bioscience and Information Technologies (2007)

This paper presents haptic rendering method of drilling into femur bone with graded stiffness. Volume rendering is preferred than surface rendering in drilling or burr simulation because the volume rendering can contain information such as density and rigidity of each voxel. However, it is difficult to implement real-time graphics and haptic rendering because of the large computational workload. Therefore, we propose surface-data-based haptic rendering of drilling process of stiffness graded material. Contact surface update and bone erosion algorithms are suggested to implement the drilling process. The proposed algorithms are adapted to the closed reduction and internal fixation surgery simulator. The proposed method allows the user of the simulation to feel the different forces according to the drilled depth.
Event-driven sensor deployment using self-organizing maps
Authors: Cris Koutsougeras, Yi Liu, Rong Zheng
Venue: International Journal of Sensor Networks (2008)

Coverage is an important optimization objective in pre and post-deployment stage of a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). In this paper, we address the issue of placing a finite set of sensors to cover an area of arbitrary geometry. Unlike many existing works concerned with uniform coverage of a target area, we take into account the realistic consideration of the probability density for events to be sensed, termed as event-driven coverage. The objective is to distribute sensors so that the distribution density of the sensors matches that of the probability density of events to be sensed. The expected event distribution is assumed to be stationary and known a priori, directly or indirectly, in the form of sample maps. In this context we explore and evaluate the concept of Self-Organizing Maps (SOMs) and its derivative variants to address the coverage problem. Various forms of SOMs methods as well as the known methods of Virtual Fields are also compared via experimentation.
Supporting cooperative teamwork: information, action and communication in sailing
Authors: Russell Beale
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th ACM conference on Designing interactive systems (2008)

This paper provides details of an in-depth investigation into how racing sailors use information displays and devices, and shows that these devices act as communication loci and instigators of action. The paper presents a detailed look at how sailors use instrumentation on their boats for both their own performance and as the foci for developing a shared understanding: this is a detailed study of computer-supported cooperative work in a new environment. We present a brief summary of the ways that technology has pervaded the environs of sailing yachts, and analyze how this has affected the activities of the crew and altered the relationship between the sailors and their environment. We introduce a taxonomy of information processing levels that allows us to understand what information is currently presented and in what form, and provides a basis for us to consider future developments in the field. After presenting the study and some analysis of the use of existing technology, we present a new design that addresses some of the issues identified, and evaluate its impact. The systems are analysed from the perspective of assisting people to improve their performance in training and in race situations. We use a combination of observation, discussion and personal reflection in undertaking the study.
Rich services: addressing challenges of ultra-large-scale software-intensive systems
Authors: Barry Demchak, Vina Ermagan, Claudiu Farcas, Emilia Farcas, Ingolf H. Krüger, Massimiliano Menarini
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd international workshop on Ultra-large-scale software-intensive systems (2008)

Ultra-Large-Scale (ULS) Software-Intensive Systems are the new frontier for Software Engineering research and development. The requirements space for ULS encompasses, in particular, the system-of-systems integration challenge. This challenge is characterized by the inherently distributed nature of the constituent systems and the integration solution, the typically interdisciplinary back-ground from which these constituent systems emerge, the need to address a broad spectrum of crosscutting concerns as part of the integration fabric, and a significant amount of agility both in the integration architecture and the development process to accommodate changing requirements over time. In this position paper, we discuss some of the consequences we see emerging from this challenge, propose an architectural blueprint for addressing them, and present future research directions.
Privacy Ontology Support for E-Commerce
Authors: Michael Hecker, Tharam S. Dillon, Elizabeth Chang
Venue: IEEE Internet Computing (2008)

Privacy is becoming increasingly important due to the advent of e-commerce. E-commerce applications frequently require customers to divulge many personal details about themselves that must be protected carefully in accordance with privacy principles and regulations. Here, the authors define a privacy ontology to support the provision of privacy and help derive the level of privacy associated with e-commerce transactions and applications. The privacy ontology provides a framework against which e-commerce sites can benchmark their privacy policies and implementations.
Mining software effort data: preliminary analysis of visual studio team system data
Authors: Lucas Layman, Nachiappan Nagappan, Sam Guckenheimer, Jeff Beehler, Andrew Begel
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 international working conference on Mining software repositories (2008)

In the software development process, scheduling and predictability are important components to delivering a product on time and within budget. Effort estimation artifacts offer a rich data set for improving scheduling accuracy and for understanding the development process. Effort estimation data for 55 features in the latest release of Visual Studio Team System (VSTS) were collected and analyzed for trends, patterns, and differences. Statistical analysis shows that actual estimation error was positively correlated with feature size, and that in-process metrics of estimation error were also correlated with the final estimation error. These findings suggest that smaller features can be estimated more accurately, and that in-process estimation error metrics can be provide a quantitative supplement to developer intuition regarding high-risk features during the development process.