ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Microcontroller based pest management system
Authors: Anshul Mittal, Aseem Singh
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Systems (2007)

In a country like India, every year, tones and tones of food grains to the tune of Rs.20000 million are destroyed by the numerous pestilential causes. Every year India loses 15 % cotton and tea yield due to pestilence. This happens primarily due to lack proper forecasting facilities and inadequate precautionary and preventive measures. The ignorance of the farmers further accrues this loss, as they are not aware of the cheaper and effective solutions available to them. This paper presents a very innovative and effective solution that would solve this problem timely and hence result in reducing the losses to the agriculture industry. A microcontroller based insect pest detection and management system has been described that would retrieve, process and communicate data and information. This system, a very cost effective and reliable technique, easily provides information based on the ground surveys by subsystems, to the required control center, which then takes the necessary control measures. It relieves the farmer of worrying about the pestilence, instead it shifts the onus to the controlling authorities to effectively predict and take the effective steps to prevent the pestilence related problems. The reliable forecasting measures can help in reducing the problem to a great extent and prevent the unexpected food shortages. It may augment the national economy. Thus it becomes incumbent that an effective solution is introduced that is both robust and can withstand extreme weather and temperature variations, thus making their installation and operation quite feasible.
Higher order approximations using interpolation applied to collocation solutions of two-point boundary value problems
Authors: W. F. Finden
Venue: Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics (2007)

When solving a system of first order differential equations involving boundary conditions using collocation at k Gauss points that are the zeros of P"k(x), the kth degree Legendre polynomial, to produce a continuous solution over the problem interval, it is well known that the global error at the mesh points is O(h^2^k) and at other points the global error is O(h^k^+^1). In addition, it is known that the error in the derivative of the solution at non-mesh points is O(h^k). This paper shows that the error in the solution at the zeros of P"k^'(x) in each subinterval is O(h^k^+^2) and that the error in the derivative of the solution at the zeros of P"k(x) is O(h^k^+^1). This higher order accuracy can be used in various interpolation schemes (Hermite-Birkhoff interpolation in the case that includes derivative data) to produce global errors O(h^k^+^2) in the solution without any additional collocation and without any additional function evaluations. Only the evaluation of the collocation solution or its derivative at certain special points is necessary. Hence, this increased accuracy is almost free compared to other methods which give global errors O(h^2^k) but at considerable extra expense. Some numerical results illustrating the higher accuracy at these special points are given at the end of the paper along with comparisons, in the form of diagrams, of results produced from the package COLSYS and the results produced from the interpolation schemes (which use COLSYS as a starting point).
Efficiency Analysis of Multicast Routing Algorithms in Large Networks
Authors: Maciej Piechowiak, Piotr Zwierzykowski
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Networking and Services (2007)

The paper presents the research results of multicast heuristic algorithms. The paper is an extension of previous publications presented in [14, 15] that discussed small network structures reflecting real Internet topology. It approaches basic methods of generating the Internet topology Waxman method and the Barabasi-Albert method. A performance study of multicast trees constructed by the algorithms is carried out and analysed, also with the heuristic network generator - Inet.
Fornax: a general-purpose programming language
Authors: J. Storrs Hall
Venue: Proceedings of the USENIX 1994 Very High Level Languages Symposium Proceedings on USENIX 1994 Very High Level Languages Symposium Proceedings (1994)

Fornax is a very high-level programming based on pattern-matching concepts from Snobol (and Icon) and array or "data-parallel" concepts from APL (and J).
Towards the Autonomic Business Grid
Authors: Carsten Franke, Wolfgang Theilmann, Yi Zhang, Roy Sterritt
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE International Workshop on Engineering of Autonomic and Autonomous Systems (2007)

Business Grids are envisioned to become the adaptive service-oriented utility infrastructure for arbitrary business application satisfying the needs for agility and cost efficiency in today's and tomorrow's ever changing business environment. This industrial report paper discusses the main areas that contribute to this vision, namely Grid computing, autonomic computing and virtualization technologies. Furthermore, it shows how they relate to each other.
Hidden Markov Models for Video Skim Generation
Authors: Sergio Benini, Pierangelo Migliorati, Riccardo Leonardi
Venue: Proceedings of the Eight International Workshop on Image Analysis for Multimedia Interactive Services (2007)

In this paper we present a statistical framework based on hidden Markov models (HMMs) for video skimming. A chain of HMMs is used to model subsequent story units: HMM states represent different visual-concepts, transitions model the temporal dependencies in each story unit, and stochastic observations are given by single shots. The skim is generated as an observation sequence, where, in order to privilege more informative segments for entering the skim, dynamic shots are assigned higher probability of observa- tion. The effectiveness of the method is demonstrated on a video set from different kinds of programmes, and results are evaluated in terms of metrics that assess the content rep- resentational value of the obtained video skims.
Conceptualizing How Usability of Mobile Services Affects Business Performance
Authors: Maiju Markova, Anne Aula
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on the Management of Mobile Business (2007)

Usability of business services can have wideranging effects on the business performance of the company using the service. In the fields where mobility is a crucial part of the business, such as in transportation, it is beneficial if the services are also mobile - allowing the employees to process information where appropriate. However, mobility also introduces challenges as the context of use is changing and the information input and output is more troublesome. This paper presents a case study from the field of passenger transport and provides an analysis for understanding the relationship between the usability of mobile business services and business performance. The results indicate that both tangible and intangible effects of usability can be identified at individual, organizational, and customer levels.
Topology Re-formation Algorithms for Ubiquitous P2P Networks Based on Response Statistics
Authors: Hirokazu Nakano, Kaname Harumoto, Shojiro Nishio
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 International Symposium on Applications and the Internet Workshops (2007)

Recently, Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networks are becoming popular as communication forms for ubiquitous environments. Flooding-based P2P networks such as Gnutella have a problem that they generate a huge amount of network traffic. Moreover, their recall ratio is generally low because their topologies are constructed regardless of preference of each peer. In this paper, we propose a topology re-formation algorithm for flooding-based P2P networks. In the proposed algorithm, each peer observes responses that passed through itself and re-forms the topology so that peers with a content matching the query can be located near the query issuer. By simulation experiments, we show that peers with similar preferences get collected in the P2P network, and the recall ratio improves greatly.
Hot Interconnects 12 Committees
Venue: Proceedings of the High Performance Interconnects, 2004. on Proceedings. 12th Annual IEEE Symposium (2004)

IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN technology is mainly used as an access network within corporate enterprises. All the WLAN access points are eventually connected to a wired backbone to reach the Internet or enterprise computing resources. We aim to expand WLAN into an enterprise-scale backbone network technology by developing a multichannel wireless mesh network architecture called Hyacinth. Hyacinth equips each node with multiple IEEE 802.11a/b NICs and supports distributed channel assignment/routing to increase the overall network throughput. We present the results of a detailed performance evaluation study on the multichannel mesh networking aspect of Hyacinth, based on both NS-2 simulations and empirical measurements collected from a 9-node Hyacinth prototype testbed. A key result of this study is that equipping each node of a Hyacinth network with just 3 NICs can increase the total network bandwidth by a factor of 6 to 7, as compared with single-channel wireless mesh network architecture. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Frequency jitter of a digital phase-locked loop and comparison with a modified CRB
Authors: S. Kandeepan, S. Reisenfeld
Venue: Proceedings of the The 8th International Conference on Communication Systems - Volume 01 (2002)

The steady state (SS) noise performance of a digital phase locked loop (DPLL) is of very much interest, while tracking carrier signals. In the literature the SS performance is very well examined in terms of the SS phase jitter, however the SS frequency jitter of a DPLL is unexamined up to now. In this paper we analyse the SS performance of a DPLL in terms of the frequency jitter. We derive a linearised expression for the SS frequency jitter of a DPLL, and verify it by simulations.
Privacy and e-commerce: a consumer-centric perspective
Authors: Rhys Smith, Jianhua Shao
Venue: Electronic Commerce Research (2007)

Privacy is an ancient concept, but its interpretation and application in the area of e-commerce are still new. It is increasingly widely accepted, however, that by giving precedence to consumer privacy bigger benefits can be reaped by all parties involved. There has been much investigation into the concept of privacy, legal frameworks for protecting this most impalpable of human values and, more recently, computing technologies that help preserve an individual's privacy in today's environment. In this paper we review the historical development of this fundamental concept, discussing how advancements both in society and in technology have challenged the right to privacy, and we survey the existing computing technologies that promote consumer privacy in e-commerce. Our study shows that historically the protection of privacy has been driven primarily both by our understanding of privacy and by the advancement of technology, analyses the limitations of privacy protections for current e-commerce applications, and identifies directions for the future development of successful privacy enhancing technologies.
Information Management Support for Interactive High-Performance Computing Frameworks
Authors: George O. Ramseyer, Virginia W. Ross, Richard W. Linderman
Venue: Proceedings of the HPCMP Users Group Conference (2006)

The information management capabilities of the Joint Battlespace Infosphere (JBI) and the evolving 100X JBI were evaluated to support a network of remote computers. The network consisted of an interactive testbed of distributed high performance computers (HPCs) across the Defense Research and Engineering Network (DREN). This Distributed Interactive High Performance Computing Testbed (DIHT) was developed to enable researchers to operate in near real time in a diverse HPC environment. This interactive environment included access to six remote Linux clusters, and allowed the rapid execution of parallelized software in real time. At peak times the DIHT is producing hundreds to thousands of information objects per second.
Robust subspace estimation in non-Gaussian noise
Authors: R. J. Kozick
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 06 (2000)

Subspace methods are common in array processing, but standard schemes typically perform poorly when the noise is non-Gaussian and/or impulsive. Zero-memory nonlinear (ZMNL) functions may be applied to limit the influence of impulsive noise, but ZMNL pre-processing generally destroys the low-rank signal subspace. We develop a robust covariance matrix estimate that suppresses impulsive noise while also performing a model-based interpolation to restore the signal subspace. The approach is based on modeling the noise with a finite Gaussian mixture distribution, and an expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm is used for parameter estimation. The method is robust to noise model mismatch and works well with infinite-variance noise. Simulation results are included that illustrate the improved performance in detecting the number of sources and estimating the angles of arrival.
Obtuse, a scripting language for migratory applications
Authors: Robert P. Cook
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd conference on USENIX Conference on Object-Oriented Technologies (COOTS) - Volume 3 (1997)

This paper discusses the design and implementation of Obtuse, a scripting language for migratory applications. The paper reviews the pertinent ActiveX technology that provides the runtime object infrastructure. Then we discuss the Obtuse object model and present an overview of the language. Next, several sample programs are used to illustrate the concepts. Finally, we review some of the problems with DCOM, based on our experience.
Low Power Sensor Node for a Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Akepati Sravan, Sujan Kundu, Ajit Pal
Venue: Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on VLSI Design held jointly with 6th International Conference: Embedded Systems (2007)

Wireless sensor networks are finding widespread use in diverse applications. The sensor nodes, which are also called as motes, are getting smaller, but their battery charge density is not getting increased in the same ratio. Since the life of a sensor network depends on the life of the sensor nodes, the lifetime of the sensor nodes have to be maximized. This can happen if the battery lasts long. In this paper, we introduce a power-aware sensor node architecture and a battery-aware task scheduling algorithm that uses both Dynamic Voltage Scaling (DVS) and Reverse Body Biasing (RBB) to maximize the battery life time. Significant reduction in energy requirement is possible based on the proposed approach.
Incorporating Time in the Modeling of Hardware and Software Systems: Concepts, Paradigms, and Paradoxes
Authors: Martin Ouimet, Kristina Lundqvist
Venue: Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Software Engineering Workshops (2007)

In this paper, we present some of the issues encountered when trying to apply model-driven approaches to the engineering of real-time systems. In real-time systems, quantitative values of time, as reflected through the duration of actions, are central to the system's correctness. We review basic time concepts and explain how time is handled in different modeling languages. We expose the inherent paradox of incorporating quantitative time-dependent behavior in high-level models. High-level models are typically built before the system is implemented, which makes quantitative time metrics difficult to predict since these metrics depend heavily on implementation details. We provide some possible answers to this paradox and explain how the Timed Abstract State Machine (TASM) language helps address some of these issues.
Forming a Computer Science Center at the University of Maryland
Authors: Jack Minker
Venue: IEEE Annals of the History of Computing (2007)

The use of and first courses on computers at Maryland began in the 1940s. The Computer Science Center beginnings are examined in the context of founding director Werner C. Rheinboldt's noteworthy accomplishments to develop a computation facility with research and educational components, supported by John Menard, assistant director. William F. Atchison, who replaced Rheinboldt as Center director, continued these accomplishments.
Two-Way/Hybrid Clustering Architecture for Peer to Peer Systems
Authors: Kasim Oztoprak, Gozde Bozdagi Akar
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Internet and Web Applications and Services (2007)

In this paper, we propose a novel hybrid topology and interest based clustering to organize the overlay network in order to reduce startup latency and service interruption probability. Our method uses a clustering technique to organize the peers according to their interests and locality information. The proposed technique is compared with the current unstructured P2P architectures in terms of average hit time, hit ratio for searched content, and the maximum rate of information (in bits per second) that can be transmitted over P2P network caused by protocol and overlay-level connectivity. The simulation results show that the proposed system outperforms the current unstructured P2P architectures.
Migrating Multi-page Web Applications to Single-page AJAX Interfaces
Authors: Ali Mesbah, Arie van Deursen
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th European Conference on Software Maintenance and Reengineering (2007)

Recently, a new web development technique for creating interactive web applications, dubbed AJAX, has emerged. In this new model, the single-page web interface is composed of individual components which can be updated/replaced independently. If until a year ago, the concern revolved around migrating legacy systems to web-based settings, today we have a new challenge of migrating web applications to single-page AJAX applications. Gaining an understanding of the navigational model and user interface structure of the source application is the first step in the migration process. In this paper, we explore how reverse engineering techniques can help analyze classic web applications for this purpose. Our approach, using a schema-based clustering technique, extracts a navigational model of web applications, and identifies candidate user interface components to be migrated to a single-page AJAX interface. Additionally, results of a case study, conducted to evaluate our tool, are presented.
Scalability Study of the KSR-1
Authors: Umakishore Ramachandran, Gautam Shah, S. Ravikumar, Jeyakumar Muthukumarasamy
Venue: Proceedings of the 1993 International Conference on Parallel Processing - Volume 01 (1993)

There has been concern in the architectural community regarding the scalability of shared memory parallel architectures owing to the potential for large latencies for remote memory accesses. KSR-1 is a re cently introduced commercial shared memory parallel architecture, and the scalability of KSR-1 is the focus of this research. Our key conclusions are as follows: The communication network of KSR-1 is fairly re silient in supporting simultaneous remote memory ac cesses from several processors. The multiple communi cation paths realized through this pipelining help in the efficient implementation of tournament-style barrier synchronization algorithms. The architectural features of KSR-1 such as the poststore and prefetch are useful for boosting the performance of parallel applications. The network does saturate when there are simultane ous remote memory accesses from a fully populated (32 node) ring.
Autonomy and Common Ground in Human-Robot Interaction: A Field Study
Authors: Kristen Stubbs, Pamela J. Hinds, David Wettergreen
Venue: IEEE Intelligent Systems (2007)

In a two-year study of a collaborative human-robot system, researchers observed a science team in Pittsburgh and a robot in Chile.The system was part of a project intended to inform planetary exploration while studying a terrestrial desert. Over two years, autonomyincreased such that the robot could execute sequences of commands and, under certain circumstances, make autonomous decisions aboutinstrument deployment and data collection. Analysis of the observational and project artifact data addressed the impact of increasinglevels of autonomy on how users reach common ground with a remote robot in terms of an accurate, shared understanding of the robot'scontext, planning, and actions. Findings suggest that as autonomy increases, users' inability to understand the reasons for the robot'sactions disrupts the creation of common ground. The authors describe the implications of this work for human-robot system design.This article is part of a special issue on Interacting with Autonomy.
Finding synonyms using automatic word alignment and measures of distributional similarity
Authors: Lonneke van der Plas, Jörg Tiedemann
Venue: Proceedings of the COLING/ACL on Main conference poster sessions (2006)

There have been many proposals to extract semantically related words using measures of distributional similarity, but these typically are not able to distinguish between synonyms and other types of semantically related words such as antonyms, (co)hyponyms and hypernyms. We present a method based on automatic word alignment of parallel corpora consisting of documents translated into multiple languages and compare our method with a monolingual syntax-based method. The approach that uses aligned multilingual data to extract synonyms shows much higher precision and recall scores for the task of synonym extraction than the monolingual syntax-based approach.
Learning from PlanetLab
Authors: Thomas Anderson, Timothy Roscoe
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd conference on USENIX Workshop on Real, Large Distributed Systems - Volume 3 (2006)

PlanetLab has been an enormously successful testbed for networking and distributed systems research, and it is likely to have a significant influence on future systems. In this paper, we examine PlanetLab's success, and caution against an uncritical acceptance of the factors that led to it. We discuss nine design decisions that were essential to Planet-Lab's initial success and yet in our view should be revisited in order to better position PlanetLab for its future growth.
Joint control of spatial quantization and temporal sampling for very low bit rate video
Authors: F. C. M. Martins
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 04 (1996)

We present an encoder rate control algorithm based on a perceptual criterion for very low bit rate video. The emerging H.263 recommendation for transmission of video over narrow bandwidth channels supports variable frame rate video streams. This additional freedom enables the rate control algorithm to explore the tradeoff between temporal sampling and spatial quality, while keeping the generated bit rate within the available channel bandwidth. The proposed criterion takes advantage of this tradeoff by using dynamic models of encoder performance and characteristics of the human visual system to adaptively set the nominal quantizer scale factor and instantaneous frame rate. Experiments with typical video-conference sequences demonstrate the application of this new algorithm to both constant and variable bit rate channels.
Systems for artistic creation: creativity and engagement
Authors: Karl D.D. Willis
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th ACM SIGCHI conference on Creativity cognition (2007)

This paper tracks the author's current research and art practice, focused on the production of systems for artistic creation and examining how such systems contribute to an engaging interactive experience.