ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Automated binary texture feature sets for image retrieval
Authors: J. R. Smith
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 04 (1996)

Digital image and video libraries require new algorithms for the automated extraction and indexing of salient image features. Texture features provide one important cue for the visual perception and discrimination of image content. We propose a new approach for automated content extraction that allows for efficient database searching using texture features. The algorithm automatically extracts texture regions from image spatial-frequency data which are represented by binary texture feature vectors. We demonstrate that the binary texture features provide excellent performance in image query response time while providing highly effective texture discriminability, accuracy in spatial localization and capability for extraction from compressed data representations. We present the binary texture feature extraction and indexing technique and examine searching by texture on a database of 500 images.
Autonomic Reactive Systems via Online Learning
Authors: Sanjit A. Seshia
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Autonomic Computing (2007)

Reactive systems are those that maintain an ongoing interaction with their environment at a speed dictated by the latter. Examples of such systems include web servers, network routers, sensor nodes, and autonomous robots. While we increasingly rely on the correct operation of these systems, it is becoming ever harder to deploy them bug-free. We propose a new formal framework for automatically recovering a class of reactive systems from run-time failures. This class of systems comprises those whose executions can be divided into rounds such that each round performs a new unit of work. We show how the system recovery and repair problem can be modeled as an instance of an online learning problem. On the theoretical side, we give a strategy that is near-optimal, and state and prove bounds on its performance. On the practical side, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach through the case study of a buggy network monitor. Our results indicate that online learning provides a useful basis for constructing autonomic reactive systems.
A new approach to model communication for mapping and scheduling DSP-applications
Authors: C. Mathis
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 06 (2000)

We present a novel approach to model inter-processor communication in multi-DSP systems. In most multi-DSP systems, inter-processor communication is realized by transferring data over point-to-point links with hardware FIFO buffers. Direct memory access (DMA) is additionally used to concurrently transfer data to the FIFO buffers and perform computation. Our model accounts for the limited size of the communication buffers as well as concurrent DMA transfer. This novel communication model is applied in our rapid prototyping environment for optimizing multi-DSP systems. Given an extended data flow graph of the DSP application and a description of the target multi-processor system our rapid prototyping environment automatically maps the DSP application onto the multi-processor system and generates a schedule for each processor.
Modeling text with generalizable Gaussian mixtures
Authors: L. K. Hansen
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 06 (2000)

We apply and discuss generalizable Gaussian mixture (GGM) models for text mining. The model automatically adapts model complexity for a given text representation. We show that the generalizability of these models depends on the dimensionality of the representation and the sample size. We discuss the relation between supervised and unsupervised learning in the test data. Finally, we implement a novelty detector based on the density model.
A case study of real-time ground position determination using single LEO micro-satellite
Authors: Jianfeng Wang, Jianhua Lu, Ke Gong
Venue: Proceedings of the The 8th International Conference on Communication Systems - Volume 02 (2002)

A novel ground positioning method with combined Doppler measurements and received signal strength indication (RSSI) is proposed. This method provides an insight of how to achieve a real-time ground positioning with moderate accuracy with a single LEO satellite. Simulation results indicate that the proposed methodology is feasible, although accuracy limited.
Using Verilog LOGISCOPE to analyze student programs
Authors: S. A. Mengel
Venue: Proceedings of the 28th Annual Frontiers in Education - Volume 03 (1998)

It is difficult to give an in-depth evaluation of student programs to the point of checking every line of code due to the amount of time checking would take. Solutions to this difficulty may involve only checking to see if the program executes correctly (dynamic analysis), glancing over the program to see if appropriate documentation is present (static analysis), and glancing over the code for any problems (static analysis). Automated solutions are difficult to construct. One commercial solution is Verilog LOGISCOPE which offers a limited number of licenses free to educators. LOGISCOPE is a static analysis checker capable of taking hundreds of individual measurements of a program, such as lines of code, McCabe's cyclomatic complexity, and number of operators. It also shows the control flow graph of a program which is a depiction of the statements, if structures, and looping structures in a program. LOGISCOPE enables the complexity and quality of a program to be analyzed yielding valuable feedback to both students and educators. It allows visualization of the measurements taken through the control flow graphs and Kiveat diagrams. The operation of LOGISCOPE is shown by using typical student programs taken from the introductory computing course at Texas Tech University. Then the results of analyzing several programs from the same class are given to show the diversity of results. Finally, how LOGISCOPE can be used in education to help students improve their programming and help instructors evaluate programs better is considered.
Comparing the Performance of the DASH and Cedar Multiprocessors for Scientific Applications
Authors: Josep Torrellas, David Koufaty, David Padua
Venue: Proceedings of the 1994 International Conference on Parallel Processing - Volume 02 (1994)

Scalable shared-memory multiprocessors are attractive because they achieve large-scale parallel processing without surrendering much programmability. Several such machines have been built or are currently being built, for instance RP3, Cedar, KSR1, DASH, DDM1, Alewife, Cray T3D, or the Tera computer system. While all these machines support the shared-memory paradigm, they differ significantly. For example, some of them use hardware to support cache coherence, while others rely on the compiler or the programmer to do so. Furthermore, a subset of the machines are hierarchical, and some have the processors grouped in clusters. In addition to these and other hardware issues, machines also differ in software issues. For instance, the most natural model of parallelism supported by compilers and the operating system can be task- or loop-based.
Image restoration combining a total variational filter and a fourth-order filter
Authors: Fang Li, Chaomin Shen, Jingsong Fan, Chunli Shen
Venue: Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation (2007)

In this paper, a noise removal algorithm based on variational method and partial differential equations (PDEs) is proposed. It combines a total variational filter (ROF filter) with a fourth-order PDE filter (LLT filter). The combined algorithm takes the advantage of both filters since it is able to preserve edges while avoiding the staircase effect in smooth regions. The existence and uniqueness of a solution to the minimization problem is established. Experimental results illustrate the effectiveness of the model in image restoration.
Empirical Analysis of TCP Variants and Their Impact on GridFTP Port Requirements
Authors: Christian Grimm, Harald Schwier
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Networking and Services (2007)

The first part of this paper presents an empirical analysis of new transport protocols designed to achieve better performance compared to standard TCP Reno. Investigations are focused on TCP BIC which is already widely used in current Linux kernels. In the second part we discuss the influence of these variants on the throughput of multiple simultaneous connections as implemented in many file transfer applications. With our results we prove that a) alternatives to TCP Reno become applicable today, b) better performance is achievable at the cost of unfairness and c) operating systems relying on TCP Reno may become disadvantaged in the future d) with new TCP variants the use of multiple stream file transfers as implemented in GridFTP is no longer reasonable in many environments. Keywords: High Performance Networking, Congestion Control, TCP BIC, GridFTP, Firewalls
Statewide endorsement of design in Washington
Authors: R. W. Crain
Venue: Proceedings of the Frontiers in Education Conference,1997. on 27th Annual Conference. Teaching and Learning in an Era of Change. - Volume 01 (1997)

The statewide organization of engineering programs in Washington, Washington Council for Engineering and Related Technical Education (WCERTE) has endorsed the incorporation of design education into the first two years of engineering and engineering technology curricula. This design education includes the development of competence in communication, teamwork and the creative problem solving or engineering design process. Each institution is to determine for itself in which class or classes the desired educational outcomes for design education are to be achieved. This paper discusses the categories of competencies for design and to what level each competency is to be achieved by the end of the first two years of the program. It also discusses how faculty from a variety of institutions helped to define the competencies and levels of achievement which have been accepted. The endorsement will help to ensure that students who transfer within the state will enter the junior year with some design background upon which to build additional competence in the final two years of their engineering program. The effort to seek the endorsement was led by the PI's for the Transferable Integrated Design Engineering Education (TIDEE) project which is funded by NSF, Division of Undergraduate Education.
Configurable isolation: building high availability systems with commodity multi-core processors
Authors: Nidhi Aggarwal, Parthasarathy Ranganathan, Norman P. Jouppi, James E. Smith
Venue: Proceedings of the 34th annual international symposium on Computer architecture (2007)

High availability is an increasingly important requirement for enterprise systems, often valued more than performance. Systems designed for high availability typically use redundant hardware for error detection and continued uptime in the event of a failure. Chip multiprocessors with an abundance of identical resources like cores, cache and interconnection networks would appear to be ideal building blocks for implementing high availability solutions on chip. However, doing so poses significant challenges with respect to error containment and faulty component replacement. Increasing silicon and transient fault rates with future technology scaling exacerbate the problem. This paper proposes a novel, cost-effective, architecture for high availability systems built from future multi-core processors. We propose a new chip multiprocessor architecture that provides configurable isolation for fault containment and component retirement, based upon cost-effective modifications to commodity designs. The design is evaluated for a state-of-the-art industrial fault model and the proposed architecture is shown to provide effective fault isolation and graceful degradation even when the failure rate is high.
Phase noise in sampling and its importance to wideband multicarrier base station receivers
Authors: P. Eriksson
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1999. on 1999 IEEE International Conference - Volume 05 (1999)

Future base stations for the narrowband cellular standards, e.g. GSM and D-AMPS, will deploy wideband multicarrier receivers. In these receivers the phase noise of the sampling stage is crucial in order to meet the blocking performance specified in the standards. An expression relating the single sideband phase noise power density to carrier ratio of a sampled signal to that of the sampling clock is derived. The implications of the theory for the clock local oscillator (LO) and clock drive amplifier for a GSM-1900 receiver are shown.
Direction finding for a wavefront with imperfect spatial coherence
Authors: O. Besson
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2001. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 05 (2001)

We consider the direction-of-arrival (DOA) problem for a wavefront whose amplitude and phase vary randomly along the array aperture. This phenomenon can for instance originate from propagation through an inhomogeneous medium. A simple and accurate DOA estimator is derived in the case of an uniform linear array of sensors. The estimator is based upon a reduced statistic obtained from the sub-diagonals of the covariance matrix of the array output. It only entails computing the Fourier transform of an (m-1)-length sequence where m is the number of array sensors. A theoretical expression for the asymptotic variance of the estimator is derived. Numerical simulations validate the theoretical results and show that the estimator has an accuracy very close to the Cramer-Rao bound.
Simulating Ramsey-Type Fringes in a Pulsed Microwave-Driven Classical Josephson Junction
Authors: Jeffrey E. Marchese, Matteo Cirillo, Niels Grøch-Jensen
Venue: Open Systems Information Dynamics (2007)

We present evidence for a close analogy between the nonlinear behaviour of a pulsed microwave-driven Josephson junction at low temperature and the experimentally observed behaviour of Josephson systems operated below the quantum transition temperature under similar conditions. We specifically address observations of Ramsey-type fringe oscillations, which can be understood in classical nonlinear dynamics as results of slow transient oscillations in a pulsed microwave environment. Simulations are conducted to mimic experimental measurements by recording the statistics of microwave-induced escape events from the anharmonic potential well of a zero-voltage state. Observations consistent with experimentally obtained Ramsey-type oscillations are found in the classical model.
Blind and semi-blind channel identification methods using second order statistics for OFDM systems
Authors: B. Muquet
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1999. on 1999 IEEE International Conference - Volume 05 (1999)

Two new blind channel identification methods suited to multicarrier system (OFDM) exploiting the redundancy introduced by the adjunction of a cyclic prefix at the emitter and relying on the evaluation of the received signal autocorrelation matrix are presented. The proposed algorithms are able to identify any channel without any constraint on their zeroes location (including non-minimum phase channels) and are robust to the addition of white noise. Moreover a further enhancement of the estimation accuracy can easily be achieved by taking advantage of already present training symbols in current systems operating in a semi-blind context. Furthermore one of the two identification strategies has a very low arithmetical complexity which makes it particularly attractive in practice. Notice that these methods are not restricted to classical DFT-type modulators and still apply with any perfect reconstruction modulator.
The intelligent assessment system in Web-based distance learning education
Authors: RuiMin Shen
Venue: Proceedings of the Frontiers in Education Conference, 2001. on 31st Annual - Volume 01 (2001)

Based on the modern student-oriented education mode, the paper investigates the importance of the assessment system in the Web-based distance learning education environment and establishes an intelligent assessment system model which is characterized for its positive performance and adaptability. Besides, an implementation of the assessment system is given, based on this model. In an integrated education environment, this kind of assessment system cooperates with other subsystems during teaching and learning processes, and plays an important role in improving the performance of the whole education system.
A framework of performance evaluation and error analysis methodology for speech understanding systems
Authors: Bor-Shen Lin
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1999. on 1999 IEEE International Conference - Volume 02 (1999)

With improved speech understanding technology, many successful working systems have been developed. However, the high degree of complexity and wide variety of design methodology make the performance evaluation and error analysis for such systems very difficult. The different metrics for individual modules such as the word accuracy, spotting rate, language model coverage and slot accuracy are very often helpful, but it is always difficult to select or tune each of the individual modules or determine which module contributed to how much percentage of understanding errors based on such metrics. A new framework for performance evaluation and error analysis for speech understanding systems is proposed based on the comparison with the 'best-matched' references obtained from the word graphs with the target words and tags given. In this framework, all test utterances can be classified based on the error types, and various understanding metrics can be obtained accordingly. Error analysis approaches based on an error plane are then proposed, with which the sources for understanding errors (e.g., poor acoustic recognition, language model, search error, etc.) can be identified for each utterance. Such a framework will be very helpful for design and analysis of speech understanding systems.
Geometrical model for mobile radio channel with hyperbolically distributed scatterers
Authors: S. S. Mahmoud, Z. M. Hussain
Venue: Proceedings of the The 8th International Conference on Communication Systems - Volume 01 (2002)

A geometrical channel model with hyperbolically distributed scatterers for a macrocell mobile environment is presented. This model provides the statistics of direction-of-arrival (DOA) information, as well as amplitude, time delay and phase data for wireless communication channel. The model is useful for designing a forward link beamformer. Simulation results of the channel impulse response and the probability density function for some channel parameters are presented. The data produced from the model is consistent with real world wireless channel characteristics.
Fuzzy ARTMAP network with evolutionary learning
Authors: P. Ramuhalli
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 06 (2000)

Neural networks, particularly the multilayer perceptron, have been used extensively in automated signal classification systems with classification accuracy as the figure of merit. Three important issues that can enhance the utility of these systems are (i) incremental learning, (ii) confidence or reliability measures and (iii) performance improvement through continual learning. This paper investigates these issues using a fuzzy ARTMAP network. A hypothesis testing based algorithm is developed for computing reliability measures, which are fed back to the network for retraining and performance improvement. Implementation results on ultrasonic data are presented.
Interference graphs for procedures in static single information form are interval graphs
Authors: Philip Brisk, Majid Sarrafzadeh
Venue: Proceedingsof the 10th international workshop on Software compilers for embedded systems (2007)

Static Single Information (SSI) Form is a compiler intermediate representation that extends the more well-known Static Single Assignment (SSA) Form. In 2005, several research groups independently proved that interference graphs for procedures represented in SSA Form are chordal graphs. This paper performs a similar analysis concerning SSI Form, and proves that interference graphs are interval graphs. The primary consequences of this paper are threefold: (1) Linear scan register allocation for programs in SSI Form can be implemented in such a way that there are no lifetime holes, thereby sidestepping one of the drawbacks that plagued non-SSI implementations; (2) the k-colorable subgraph problem can be solved in polynomial-time for interval graphs, but remains NP-Complete for chordal graphs---to date, no register allocation algorithms have been implemented that solve the k-colorable subgraph problem directly; and (3) liveness analysis converges after a single iteration for programs represented in SSI Form.
Optimization of NoC Wrapper Design under Bandwidth and Test Time Constraints
Authors: Fawnizu Azmadi Hussin, Tomokazu Yoneda, Hideo Fujiwara
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th IEEE European Test Symposium (2007)

In this paper, two wrapper designs are proposed for core-based test application based on Networks-on-Chip (NoC) reuse. It will be shown that the previously proposed NoC wrapper does not efficiently utilize the NoC bandwidth, which may result in poor test schedules. Our wrappers (Type 1 and Type 2) complement each other to overcome this inefficiency while minimizing the overhead. The Type 2 wrapper uses larger area overhead to increase bandwidth efficiency, while the Type 1 takes advantage of some special configurations which may not require a complex and high-cost wrapper. Two wrapper optimization algorithms are applied to both wrapper designs under channel bandwidth and test time constraints, resulting in very little or no increase in the test application time compared to conventional TAM approaches.
New Simulation Approach for the Training of Satellite Mission Control Teams
Authors: Daniele Innorta, Adan Williams
Venue: Proceedings of the First Asia International Conference on Modelling & Simulation (2007)

The main goal of this paper is to describe a new approach of the European Space Operations Centre (ESOC) in designing and executing simulations, during the Ground Segment Operational Validation, for the training of Mission Control Teams responsible of the operations of European Satellites. The new approach is based on the concept of Long Loop Simulations: facilitating more realistic simulation scenarios by increasing the level of participation of the real ground stations in the simulation campaigns. Long Loop Simulations are achieved by connecting the Real-Time Operational Satellite Simulator, located in ESOC, in the satellite Mission Control Centre, to a Portable Satellite Simulator (PSS) located at the Ground Station. The telemetry data, produced by the Operational Simulator, is fed into the PSS and then follows the same path of the real satellite telemetry, passing through all the Ground Station equipment. Similarly, telecommands are routed from the control centre to the ground station equipment and then via PSS to the Operational Simulator. Thus the entire operational chain is involved in the simulation. In addition Long Loop Simulations will enable ESOC users to connect all end to end equipment for accurate and systematic validation of each individual system.