ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
A comprehensive performance macro-modeling of on-chip RC interconnects considering line shielding effects
Authors: S. Engels, R. Wilson, N. Azémard, Philippe Maurine
Venue: Integration, the VLSI Journal (2006)

The delay of on-chip interconnect wiring is having an important influence on the timing performance of logic path. This is particularly true where drivers are connected through a non-negligible length of wire. If the Elmore resistance-capacitance delay model remains popular due to its simple formulation, limitations have been shown in sub-micrometer domain due to its inability in capturing input slope and shielding effects.This paper presents an analytical expression for the transition time and the switching delay of an RC interconnect, including the line input and output drivers. Based on a previously developed model of the inverter transition time and the switching delay, we propose a model of the shielding capacitance effect on the input driver. We then determine the transition time of the output driver and the switching delay of the complete structure for different size of input drivers. We validate these analytical expressions with respect to electrical simulations, on 130 and 90 nm processes, using the eldo's transmission line model.
CIMA Based Remote Instrument and Data Access: An Extension into the Australian e-Science Environment
Authors: Ian M. Atkinson, Douglas du Boulay, Clinton Chee, Kenneth Chiu, Tristan King, Donald F. McMullen, Romain Quilici, Nigel G. D. Sim, Peter Turner, Matthew Wyatt
Venue: Proceedings of the Second IEEE International Conference on e-Science and Grid Computing (2006)

The Common Instrument Middleware Architecture (CIMA) is being used as a core component of a portal based remote instrument access system being developed as an Australian e-Science project. The CIMA model is being enhanced to use federated Grid storage infrastructure (SRB), and the Kepler workflow system to, as much as possible, automate data management, and the facile extraction and generation of instrument and experimental metadata. The Personal Grid Library is introduced as a user friendly portlet interface to SRB data and metadata, and which supports customisable metadata schemas. An Instrument Instruction Module has been introduced as a CIMA plug-in for instrument control. A virtual instrument portlet provides a simulation of the instrument during a data collection. The system is being further augmented with a tool for collaborative data visualisation and evaluation.
Modeling and Analysis of Risk Factors for Salmonella Typhimurium DT104 and non-DT104 Infections: A Comparison of Logistic Regression and Neural Networks
Authors: Simon X. Yang, Lixu Qin, Frank Pollari, Kathryn Dore, Aamir Fazil, Rafiq Ahmed, Jane Buxton, Karen Grimsrud, Dean Middleton
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth Mexican International Conference on Artificial Intelligence (2006)

To develop appropriate prevention and control strategies, it is important to accurately model and analyze risk factors for sporadic cases of diarrhoeal illness. Although traditional statistical methods are commonly used in risk factor studies, they can be limited in some respects. The objective of this study is to utilize intelligent models to identify significant risk factors for Salmonella (S.) Typhimurium DT104 and non-DT104 illness in Canada, and compare findings to those obtained with traditional statistical methods. Single variable analysis (SVA), Logistic regression models (LRs) and Feedforward error back-propagation artificial neural networks (FEBNNs) are used to classify DT104 and non-DT104 cases and controls and identif significant risk factors. Final results showed that the proposed FEBNNs have better results than the corresponding LRs in terms of predictive accuracy, errors and correlation.
Robust and Accurate Visual Echo Cancelation in a Full-Duplex Projector-Camera System
Authors: Miao Liao, Mingxuan Sun, Ruigang Yang, Zhengyou Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshop (2006)

We developed a comprehensive set of techniques to address the "visual echo problem in a full-duplex projectorcamera system. A calibration procedure records the geometric and photometric transfer between the projector and camera in a look-up table. With the calibration information, the predicted camera view of the projected image is compared against the captured camera image to find echo pixels. Only non-echo pixels are used for display, therefore achieving the goal of suppressing visual echo. Compared to previous techniques, our approach's main advantages are two-fold. First, it accurately handles full color images with no assumption about the surface reflectance or the photometric response of the projector or camera. Secondly, it is robust to geometric registration errors and quantization effect. It is particularly effective for high-frequency contents such as texts and hand drawings. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach with a variety of real images in a full-duplex projector-camera system.
Modelling deterministic concurrent I/O
Authors: Malcolm Dowse, Andrew Butterfield
Venue: ACM SIGPLAN Notices (2006)

The problem of expressing I/O and side effects in functional languages is a well-established one. This paper addresses this problem from a general semantic viewpoint by giving a unified framework for describing shared state, I/O and deterministic concurrency. We develop a modified state transformer which lets us mathematically model the API, then investigate and machine verify some broad conditions under which confluence holds. This semantics is used as the basis for a small deterministic Haskell language extension called CURIO, which enforces determinism using runtime checks.Our confluence condition is first shown to hold for a variety of small components, such as individual shared variables, 1-to-1 communication channels, and I-structures. We then show how models of substantial APIs (like a modification of Haskell's file I/O API which permits inter-process communication) may be constructed from these smaller components using "combinators" in such a way that determinism is always preserved. We describe combinators for product, name-indexing and dynamic allocation, the last of which requires some small extensions to cater for process locality.
Transfer effects of semantic networks on expert systems: mindtools at work
Authors: Rose M. Marra, David H. Jonassen
Venue: Proceedings of the 1996 international conference on Learning sciences (1996)

Semantic networks and expert systems can support learning and critical thinking as Mindtools (knowledge representation formalisms for analyzing the world, accessing information, interpreting and organizing personal knowledge, and representing what learners know to others). Both are cognitive reflection and amplification tools that help learners to construct their own knowledge by designing their own knowledge bases. This study examined the effects of building semantic networks on the coherence and utility of expert systems subsequently constructed by undergraduates. The ambiguity of the task was problematic for many of the students, so more scaffolding of required actions would be appropriate. The kinds of thinking required to build semantic nets and expert systems were quite different, with no facilitative effect of one on the other. That kind of transfer would also have to be better scaffolded.
Network traffic characterization and network anomaly detection
Authors: Gyungho Lee
Venue:  (2006)

The growing number of exploits and malicious activities impose serious threats on network stability. To avoid network service outage and economic loss, various methods have been proposed for network anomaly detection. Network traffic characterization concentrates on network traffic analysis for profiling traffic properties so that network anomaly can be detected through the deviation from normal traffic. This thesis work pursues a systematic method through which abrupt changes of traffic behavior can be captured as a part of traffic characterization. Since aggregated traffic possesses a strong temporal correlation with local stationarity across time scales, energy distribution as a representation of autocorrelation function can be a good guidance for network traffic characterization. Due to the localization in time and frequency space, wavelet analysis is a natural choice for analyzing traffic time series extracted from real traffic traces. Through the wavelet analysis, energy distributed over scales can be constructed via the variance of wavelet coefficients with low computational complexity. With the energy distribution based on wavelet analysis, we characterize the network traffic on the Internet. Energy distribution changes with limited variation over time if the traffic keeps its characteristics. In other words, energy distribution variation between two consecutive observation points can tell changes in the characteristics (behavior) of the observed traffic. As a practical application of the energy distribution variation analysis, we have considered cases of DDoS attacks and worm propagation. Our experimental results show that energy distribution variation markedly changes, causing a "spike" when traffic behaviors are affected by those attacks. In contrast, normal traffic exhibits a remarkably stationary energy distribution. This spike in energy distribution variance can be captured in the early stages of an attack, far ahead of congestion build-up, making it an effective detection of the attack. This thesis work also includes an extensive discussion of implementation issues. Parameter selection, wavelet transform implementation, and attack response methods have been studied under designed experiments. An attack defense system with both detection and response units has been delivered as an add-on module of NS-2 platform.
Artificial Intelligence and Dynamic Design: Adaptive Real Time 3D Characters
Authors: Mark Chavez
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on Information Visualization (2006)

Creating design that relates to the dynamic nature of a conversation is what this project explores. As a focus of intent the exploration pursues the interaction that people have with reactive visually dynamic web based agents. This is in an attempt to expand on the concept on Human Computer Interfaces by creating design specific, emotive and responsive. The current focus is on a single real-time 3-D character with the design concept encompassing elements of conversational artificial intelligence.
A multi-layer approach to the study of inter-organizational wireless infrastructure
Authors: Carleen Maitland, Annemijn van Gorp, Ankur Tarnacha, Rudi Westerveld
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Electronic commerce: The new e-commerce: innovations for conquering current barriers, obstacles and limitations to conducting successful business on the internet (2006)

The supply side of the pervasive commerce market will rely on a mix of wireless technologies that include public cellular and wireless networks as well as the wireless networks owned and operated by individuals and organizations. The integration of these diverse networks constitutes a significant milestone in the evolution of toward pervasive commerce. This research reports on results from a trial involving public cellular/private wireless network integration. Based on insights derived from the trial we propose a multi-layer approach to the study of inter-organizational systems, which facilitates the study of integrated wireless infrastructures in a way that incorporates the findings of the extant inter-organizational systems (IOS) literature from the management information systems (MIS) field.
Simultaneous record detection and attribute labeling in web data extraction
Authors: Jun Zhu, Zaiqing Nie, Ji-Rong Wen, Bo Zhang, Wei-Ying Ma
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining (2006)

Recent work has shown the feasibility and promise of template-independent Web data extraction. However, existing approaches use decoupled strategies - attempting to do data record detection and attribute labeling in two separate phases. In this paper, we show that separately extracting data records and attributes is highly ineffective and propose a probabilistic model to perform these two tasks simultaneously. In our approach, record detection can benefit from the availability of semantics required in attribute labeling and, at the same time, the accuracy of attribute labeling can be improved when data records are labeled in a collective manner. The proposed model is called Hierarchical Conditional Random Fields. It can efficiently integrate all useful features by learning their importance, and it can also incorporate hierarchical interactions which are very important for Web data extraction. We empirically compare the proposed model with existing decoupled approaches for product information extraction, and the results show significant improvements in both record detection and attribute labeling.
An Efficient Test Pattern Selection Method for Improving Defect Coverage with Reduced Test Data Volume and Test Application Time
Authors: Zhanglei Wang, Krishnendu Chakrabarty
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th Asian Test Symposium (2006)

Testing using n-detection test sets, in which a fault is detected by n (n \e 1) input patterns, is being increasingly advocated to increase defect coverage. However, the data volume for an n-detection test set is often too large, resulting in high testing time and tester memory requirements. Test set selection is necessary to ensure that the most effective patterns are chosen from large test sets in a high-volume production testing environment. Test selection is also useful in a timeconstrained wafer-sort environment. We use a probabilistic fault model and the theory of output deviations for test set selection.the metric of output deviation is used to rank candidate test patterns without resorting to fault grading. To demonstrate the quality of the selected patterns, we present experimental results for resistive bridging faults and nonfeedback zero-resistance bridging faults in the ISCAS benchmark circuits. Our results show that for the same test length, patterns selected on the basis of output deviations are more effective than patterns selected using several other methods.
Block Mean Value Based Image Perceptual Hashing
Authors: Bian Yang, Fan Gu, Xiamu Niu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 International Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia (2006)

Image perceptual hashing has been proposed to identify or authenticate image contents in a robust way against distortions caused by compression, noise, common signal processing and geometrical modifications, while still holding a good discriminability for different ones in sense of human perception. We propose and compare four normalized block mean value based image perceptual hashing algorithms which demonstrate higher performances than other existing algorithms in robustness-anddiscriminalibility and simplicity for implementation. Overlapped blocking and rotation operations are employed to enhance the robustness to geometrical distortions. To evaluate the proposed algorithms' robustness and discriminability, given fixed modifications, identification ratio is used; and given fixed content classification, receiver operating curves is obtained.
A case for virtualized arrays of RAID
Authors: André Brinkmann, Kay Salzwedel, Mario Vodisek
Venue: Proceedings of the international workshop on Storage network architecture and parallel I/Os (2004)

Redundant arrays of independent disks, also called RAID arrays, have gained a wide popularity in the last twenty years. Most of the disks used in the server market are currently based on RAID technology. The primary reason for introducing RAID technology in 1988 has been the fact that large disk systems have become much slower and more expensive than the connection of a large number of inexpensive disks and the use of them as an array.The times seem to repeat themselves. Today, large scale RAID arrays have become incredible big and expensive. It seems that it makes sense to replace them by a collection of smaller and inexpensive arrays of JBODs or mid-ranged RAID arrays. In this paper we will show that combining these systems with state-of-the-art virtualization technology can lead to a system that is faster and less expensive than an enterprise storage system, while being as easy to manage and as reliable. Therefore we will outline the most important features of storage management and compare there realization in enterprise class storage systems and in current and future virtualization environments.
Analog Numerical Representations in Rhesus Monkeys: Evidence for Parallel Processing
Authors: Andreas Nieder, Earl K. Miller
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2004)

Monkeys have been introduced as model organisms to study neural correlates of numerical competence, but many of the behavioral characteristics of numerical judgments remain speculative. Thus, we analyzed the behavioral performance of two rhesus monkeys judging the numerosities 1 to 7 during a delayed match-to-sample task. The monkeys showed similar discrimination performance irrespective of the exact physical appearance of the stimuli, confirming that performance was based on numerical information. Performance declined smoothly with larger numerosities, and reached discrimination threshold at numerosity ''4.'' The nonverbal numerical representations in monkeys were based on analog magnitudes, object tracking process (''subitizing'') could not account for the findings because the continuum of small and large numbers shows a clear Weber fraction signature. The lack of additional scanning eye movements with increasing set sizes, together with indistinguishable neuronal response latencies for neurons with different preferred numerosities, argues for parallel encoding of numerical information. The slight but significant increase in reaction time with increasing numerosities can be explained by task difficulty and consequently time-consuming decision processes. The behavioral results are compared to single-cell recordings from the prefrontal cortex in the same subjects. Models for numerosity discrimination that may account for these results are discussed.
Japanese landscape and my environmental design
Authors: Taketo Kurokawa
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 Asia-Pacific Symposium on Information Visualisation - Volume 60 (2006)

This paper introduces studies on Japanese Landscape and environmental design work by author. Japanese people have venerated nature from the far ancient times and led life in unison with nature. This paper describes about the characteristics of Japanese architecture, the characteristics of Japanese civilization, and influence on "Japonism" from the viewpoint of the author as a design researcher and a designer. It is said the environmental design is the ideal method based on Japanese civilization. The author considers environmental design as a figurative method which is created with the sensitivity brewed in the climate of Japan and which is invented from various interrelations, and he shows his own environmental design to replace the conclusion.
A multi-issue negotiation protocol among competitive agents and its extension to a nonlinear utility negotiation protocol
Authors: Takayuki Ito, Mark Klein
Venue: Proceedings of the fifth international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems (2006)

Multi-issue negotiation mechanisms have been studied very widely and represent a promising field because most negotiations in the real world are multi-issue negotiations. We model multi-issue negotiation with competitive agents. This reflects the real world in which people have to make agreements on constraints. A combinatorial winner determination mechanism is employed for solving a constraint satisfaction problem with competitive agents. The features of our protocol include Pareto efficiency on constraints. Our experimental results show that our proposed protocol is scalable with the number of agents, and that a heuristic method can achieve good utility. The above protocol is designed for linear utility domains. We also extend our protocol so that we can handle nonlinear utilities.
Los Alamos communication network simulation
Authors: Stephan Eidenbenz
Venue: Proceedings of the 37th conference on Winter simulation (2005)

We present a scalable end-to-end approach to communication network simulation. We show that realistic network simulation requires realistic input generation of the communication network and communication sessions in addition to scalable protocol stack simulation. We present the main building blocks of our simulation system: network generation, session generation, network simulation, and simulation analysis. Our system relies on light-weight agents that represent a human population and their communication behavior. We support the case for our holistic end-to-end approach through a few example simulations and results from our large-scale studies of communication networks.
Protecting Face Biometric Data on Smartcard with Reed-Solomon Code
Authors: Yi Cheng Feng, Pong C. Yuen
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshop (2006)

This paper addresses the biometric security problem on smartcard and proposes a new method to protect face biometric data against attack. The proposed method is developed based on the Reed-Solomon codes, with two modifications. First, to handle the image variations problem, a bounded distance encoding algorithm is used to reduce the within-class distance. Second, since the dimension of the face feature vector is relatively large, we divide the feature vector into smaller segment. In this way, we found that it will not only affect the performance, but also the security of the encoding algorithm. A theoretical analysis is also given in this paper. Two most popular appearance-basedmethods, namely, Eigenface and Fisherface, are selected to construct the feature vector and ORL database is used for evaluation. In Eigenface system, the proposed algorithm offers a security level of 120 bits, with an acceptable error rate of around 3%. In Fisherface system, the proposed algorithm offers a security level of 62 bits, with equal error rate around 5%. The results are comparable with performance of Eigenface and Fisherface without protection.
Next Generation Mobile Java Based on CDC/OSGi Technology for Universal Middleware
Authors: Jon Bostrom
Venue: Proceedings of the International Workshop on System Support for Future Mobile Computing Applications (2006)

"The Server in Your Pocket" "Your Personal Web" "The Remote Control for WEB 2.0" 'Mobile Edge Server" "Pocket Personal Agents"Mobile device capabilities have grown significantly since the introduction of the first simple Java for mobile devices, released in 1999. Processing power, memory, networking, and power management all have taken big steps. On the other hand, the programming architecture and focus has changed very little. Most development in all languages on mobile devices is still focused on creating simple end user applications. This paper will focus on how that perspective changes with the addition of OSGi Java technology on the mobile device.
Speech-to-text transcription in support of pervasive computing
Authors: Jarrah Sladek, Andrew Zschorn, Ahmad Hashemi-Sakhtsari
Venue: Proceedings of the 2002 conference on Pervasive computing - Volume 25 (2004)

Speech recognition technology can help transcribe discussions, interviews, meetings, and conversations.This paper describes a concept demonstrator of an automatic speech-to-text transcriber that uses speech recognition. It is defined in terms of motivation for the product, how users operate it, and its similarities and differences with other work being carried out in other research and commercial bodies.