ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Dissipation normal form, conservativity, instability and chaotic behavior of continuous-time strictly causal systems
Authors: Josef Hrusak, Milan Stork, Daniel Mayer
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th WSEAS International Conference on Systems (2005)

The paper deals with structural properties of a class of strictly causal systems. It is shown that a special physically correct internal structure of a given system representation caled dissipation normal form can be derived as a natural consequence of strict causality, dissipativity, minimality and asymptotic stability requirements. A proper generalization of classic Tellegen's theorem together with a concept of bi-orthonormal basis of the state velocity space have been used as basic ingrediences expressing the signal energy conservation law for abstract system state space representations. It is demonstrated by examples that in continuous-time version the resulting structure represent a unifying tool for analysis and synthesis of a relatively general class of linear as well as nonlinear causal systems.
Square-Root-Free QRD-LSL Adaptive Algorithm with Improved Numerical Robustness
Authors: Constantin Paleologu, Felix Albu, Andrei Alexandru Enescu, Silviu Ciochina
Venue: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Networking (2008)

The QR-decomposition-based least-squares lattice (QRD-LSL) algorithm is one of the most attractive choices for adaptive filters applications, mainly due to its fast convergence rate and good numerical properties. In practice, the square-root-free QRD-LSL (SRF-QRD-LSL) algorithms are frequently employed, especially when fixed-point digital signal processors (DSPs) are used for implementation. In this context, there are some major limitations regarding the large dynamic range of the algorithm’s cost functions. Consequently, hard scaling operations are required, which further reduce the precision of numerical representation and lead to performance degradation. In this paper we propose a SRF-QRD-LSL algorithm based on a modified update of the cost functions, which offers improved numerical robustness. Simulations performed in fixed-point and logarithmic number system (LNS) implementation support the theoretical findings.
A novel image watermarking scheme against desynchronization attacks by SVR revision
Authors: Xiang-Yang Wang, Chang-Ying Cui
Venue: Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation (2008)

In digital image watermarking, the watermark's vulnerability to desynchronization attacks has long been a difficult problem. On the basis of support vector regression (SVR) theory and local image characteristics, a novel image watermarking scheme against desynchronization attacks by SVR revision is proposed in this paper. First, some pixels are randomly selected and the sum and variance of their neighboring pixels are calculated; second, the sum and variance are regarded as the training features and the pixel values as the training objective; third, the appropriate kernel function is chosen and trained, a SVR training model will be obtained. Finally, the sum and variance of all pixels' neighboring pixels are selected as input vectors, the actual output can be obtained by using the well-trained SVR, and the digital watermark can be recovered by judging the output vector. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme is invisible and robust against common signals processing such as median filtering, sharpening, noise adding, and JPEG compression, etc., and robust against desynchronization attacks such as rotation, translation, scaling, row or column removal, shearing, local random bend, etc.
Developing a New Petri Net Tool for Simulation of Discrete Event Systems
Authors: Reggie Davidrajuh
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 Second Asia International Conference on Modelling & Simulation (AMS) (2008)

This paper talks about developing a new Petri net tool for modeling and simulation of discrete event systems. Firstly, this paper presents a short survey on the tools for modeling and simulation of discrete event systems. Secondly, the architecture of the new tool called general-purpose Petri net simulator (GPenSIM) is given; GPenSIM is designed to achieve 1) flexibility, as it is based industry standard platform, 2) extensible, as it can be extended by user programmed functions, and can access mathematical functions & libraries, and 3) programming language and operating systems neutral, as the models can be defined in XML based Petri net markup language (PNML).
Fabrication of terahertz metamaterials using S1813/LOR stack by lift-off
Authors: Xiaoxiang Xia, Haifang Yang, Yimin Sun, Zongli Wang, Li Wang, Zheng Cui, Changzhi Gu
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2008)

A novel micro-fabrication process for terahertz (THz) metamaterials (MMs) has been developed using S1813/LOR bi-layer stack. Desirable undercut resist profiles were created to assist lift-off process and to reduce defect level, which are frequently encountered in conventional single layer photoresist process. A series of experiments has been carried out to investigate the process conditions in order to achieve controllable undercut profiles in S1813/LOR bi-layer stack using a standard alkaline developer CD26. With the new bi-layer resist process, a large area THz MMs with high quality was fabricated and characterized by a terahertz time domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS).
Conducting Situated Learning in a Context-Aware Ubiquitous Learning Environment
Authors: Ting-Ting Wu, Tzu-Chi Yang, Gwo-Jen Hwang, Hui-Chun Chu
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth IEEE International Conference on Wireless, Mobile, and Ubiquitous Technology in Education (2008)

Digital technology is an important factor for the development of modern education systems, especially the wireless communication technology and the sensor technology, which make the evolution of learning environments from web-based learning to mobile learning or ubiquitous learning. In this paper, a context-aware ubiquitous learning environment which utilizes mobile devices, sensors and wireless networks to conduct situated learning. Moreover, a series of learning activities of a butterfly ecology unit of the natural science course for K-4th students has been developed and conducted in the learning environment, in which students are guided to observe real-world objects with personalized supports from the system. Some preliminary experimental results have shown the effectiveness of the novel approach.
Wireless authentication using remote passwords
Authors: Andrew Harding, Timothy W. van der Horst, Kent E. Seamons
Venue: Proceedings of the first ACM conference on Wireless network security (2008)

Current wireless authentication mechanisms typically rely on inflexible shared secrets or a heavyweight public-key infrastructure with user-specific digital certificates and, as such, lack general support for environments with dynamic user bases where guest access is frequent. Simple Authentication for the Web (SAW) facilitates dynamic user bases in the context of web site logins by enabling users to authenticate to personal messaging identifiers (e.g., email addresses, IM handles, cell phone numbers). SAW, however, is ill-suited for wireless authentication because, in most cases, it is dependent on client-side Internet connectivity. Wireless Authentication using Remote Passwords (WARP) overcomes this constraint by building a hybrid protocol that combines the principles of SAW authentication with the Secure Remote Password (SRP) protocol.
E-Business Process Management: Technologies and Solutions
Authors: Jayavel Sounderpandian, Tapen Sinha
Venue:  (2007)

Modern day supply chain management (SCM) continues to influence the economic and political landscape while being shaped by the wide array of forces known collectively as globalization. Instead of the traditional mode of firms competing against firms, there now are supply chains competing against supply chains. What is in good currency today refers to a firm s ability to identify the right suppliers to execute a given activity in the value chain, to organize such activities, and to manage its relationship with these suppliers. E-Business Process Management: Technologies and Solutions explores the issues of supply chain management in a new perspective. It provides examples of integrated framework for global SCM, novel ways of improving flexibility, responsiveness, and competitiveness via strategic IT alliances among channel members in a supply chain network, and techniques that might facilitate improved strategic decision making in a SCM environment. E-Business Process Management: Technologies and Solutions introduces a game-theoretic approach to supply chain risk management, real-life case studies, and analyzes the effects of increased transparency in supply chain and business networks.
Swarm Congestion & Power Aware Routing Protocol for MANETs
Authors: Ahmed S. Nagy, Amr A. El-Kadi, Mikhail N. Mikhail
Venue: Proceedings of the Communication Networks and Services Research Conference (2008)

The evolution of wireless devices along with the increase in user mobility have created new challenges such as the need to make efficient use of power resources. Nodes in an Ad hoc network have limited power resources as well as limited processing power. When routing, a sharp degradation in the network service may result if the routing algorithm does not account for the limited resources, eventually decreasing the network life-time. The objective of our work is to extend the life time of Ad hoc networks through implementing a multi-path congestion and power aware routing protocol. The protocol developed is a swarm-based routing protocol that incorporated both power awareness and load balancing techniques. PowerAnt extended network lifetime by 33% on average; besides, it provided a cheaper energy routing strategy per byte by 23% compared with AODV.
The minimal-time control in collision situation on the sea
Authors: Bogdan Zak
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th WSEAS International Conference on Systems Theory & Scientific Computation (2006)

The paper presents a method used to set minimum-time control of ships in a situation of collision with other objects afloat It also includes the results of simulation study conducted with this method. Parallel closing of a ship on to an encountered object was studied, i.e. a situation generating a critical case - collision of two ships.
Evaluation of source code copy detection methods on freebsd
Authors: Hung-Fu Chang, Audris Mockus
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 international working conference on Mining software repositories (2008)

Studies have shown that substantial code reuse is common in open source and in commercial projects. However, the precise extent of reuse and its impact on productivity and quality are not well investigated in the open source context. Previously, we have introduced a simple-to-use method that needs only a set of file pathnames to identifies directories that share filenames and partially validated its performance on a set of closed-source projects. To evaluate this method and to improve reuse detection at the file level, we apply it and four additional file copy detection methods that utilize the underlying content of multiple versions of the source code on the FreeBSD project. The evaluation quantified unique advantages of each method and showed that the filename method detected roughly half of all reuse cases. We are still faced with a challenge to scale the content based methods to large repositories containing all versions of open source files.
Approximate solution of the control problem of supplies with many intervals and concave cost functions
Authors: A. V. Eremeev, M. Ya. Kovalyov, P. M. Kuznetsov
Venue: Automation and Remote Control (2008)

The problem of searching for a cost-minimum plan of supplies of uniform products to one consumer is considered. The set of admissible intervals of the supply volume and concave cost functions of supplies within each interval are preassigned for each supplier. The totally polynomial ¿-approximate algorithm for the given problem and the pseudopolynomial exact algorithm for its partial case are suggested.
What causes a system to satisfy a specification?
Authors: Hana Chockler, Joseph Y. Halpern, Orna Kupferman
Venue: ACM Transactions on Computational Logic (TOCL) (2008)

Even when a system is proven to be correct with respect to a specification, there is still a question of how complete the specification is, and whether it really covers all the behaviors of the system. Coverage metrics attempt to check which parts of a system are actually relevant for the verification process to succeed. Recent work on coverage in model checking suggests several coverage metrics and algorithms for finding parts of the system that are not covered by the specification. The work has already proven to be effective in practice, detecting design errors that escape early verification efforts in industrial settings. In this article, we relate a formal definition of causality given by Halpern and Pearl to coverage. We show that it gives significant insight into unresolved issues regarding the definition of coverage and leads to potentially useful extensions of coverage. In particular, we introduce the notion of responsibility, which assigns to components of a system a quantitative measure of their relevance to the satisfaction of the specification.
Mammography Phantom Studies Using 3D Electrical Impedance Tomography with Numerical Forward Solver
Authors: Umer Zeeshan Ijaz, Bong Seok Kim, Tzu-Jen Kao, Anil Kumar Khambampati, Sin Kim, Min Chan Kim, Jonathan C. Newell, David Isaacson, Kyung Youn Kim
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 Frontiers in the Convergence of Bioscience and Information Technologies (2007)

In this study, the 3D mammography geometry is considered to detect breast cancer based on the electrical impedance tomography. The finite element method formulation of the forward 3D electrical impedance tomography model with complete electrode model is considered for the rectangular mammography geometry. For the discretization, Galerkin method is adopted on linear tetrahedral elements. The regularized one-step Gauss-Newton method is employed as the inverse solver. A test phantom designed specifically to resemble the shape of compressed breasts is used with ACT4 measurement system. The numerical simulation and extensive experimental results are shown to illustrate the proposed method.
The Sloan Digital Sky Survey and beyond
Authors: Alexander S. Szalay
Venue: ACM SIGMOD Record (2008)

Our collaboration with Jim Gray has created some of the world's largest astronomy databases, and has enabled us to test many avant-garde ideas in practice. The astronomers have been very receptive to these and embraced Jim as a 'card carrying member' of their community. Jim's contributions have made a permanent mark on astronomy, and eScience in general.
An investigation on a community's web search variability
Authors: Mingfang Wu, Andrew Turpin, Justin Zobel
Venue: Proceedings of the thirty-first Australasian conference on Computer science - Volume 74 (2008)

Users' past search behaviour provides a rich context that an information retrieval system can use to tailor its search results to suit an individual's or a community's information needs. In this paper, we present an investigation of the variability in search behaviours for the same queries in a close-knit community. By examining web proxy cache logs over a period of nine months, we extracted a set of 135 queries that had been issued by at least ten users. Our analysis indicates that, overall, users clicked on highly ranked and relevant pages, but they tend to click on different sets of pages. Examination of the query reformulation history revealed that users often have different search intents behind the same query. We identify three major causes for the community's interaction behaviour differences: the variance of task, the different intents expressed with the query, and the snippet and characteristics of retrieved documents. Based on our observations, we identify opportunities to improve the design of different search and delivery tools to better support community and individual search experience.
Concept of Associated Photodynamic Therapy with Porphyrin - Cis-Platin Drug System and Applications on HeLa Cells
Authors: Rodica-Mariana Ion, Luciana Maresca, Danilo Migoni, Francesco P. Fanizzi
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Biocomputation, Bioinformatics, and Biomedical Technologies (2008)

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinical approach that uses light-activated drugs for the treatment of different kind of tumor tissues. HeLa tumor cells, as an experimental model for studying the new biomedical concept of associated PDT with 5, 10, 15, 20 -sulphonato-phenyl-porphyrin (TSPP) and an antitumor agent – cisplatin (CisPt), yielded to an enhanced effect on the suppression of tumor cells in vitro. The ultra structure changes of cells caused by the action of the new concept and laser irradiation were analyzed, putting into evidence linear survival curves, by the linear quadratic model.
Fuzzy second-order sliding mode control applied to active queue management
Authors: Mahdi Jalili-Kharaajoo, Alireza Dehestani
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd WSEAS International Conference on Electronics, Control and Signal Processing (2003)

Active Queue Management (AQM) takes a trade-off between link utilization and delay experienced by data packets. From control point of view, it is rational to regard AQM as a typical regulation system. In this paper, a new fuzzy adaptive second order sliding mode controller is designed for the objective of AQM. In the proposed method, the sliding parameter is adapted using fuzzy logic. Some computer simulations are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed control action. Simulation results show the fuzzy logic based adaptive second order sliding mode has better performance in comparison with classic second order sliding mode control action in providing efficient queue management.
A flexible and reasonable mechanism for self-interested agent team forming
Authors: Quan Bai, Minjie Zhang
Venue: Multiagent and Grid Systems (2008)

As social entities, intelligent agents need to collaborate with others regardless of whether they are cooperative or self-interested. Compared with cooperative agents, collaborations among self-interested agents are more complex and dynamic due to the selfish features. Self-interested agents are impelled to cooperate with others by their individual goals. In an agent team composed of self-interested agents, "common" goals of agents may change to be conflict as the environment changes. Especially in open and dynamic environments, if factors such as agent goals, task requirements and resources have been changed, a selfish agent may need to modify or even relieved the collaboration relationships with its "colleagues". Otherwise the collaboration would be conflict or even harmful to its individual goal. Therefore, it is important to include rational team forming mechanisms in self-interested multi-agent systems. Without a rational team-forming mechanism, agent teams in a system may have unreasonable or outdated compositions which obstruct (agent) team members to purchase profits or cause unnecessary resource consumptions. Focusing on general self-interested multi-agent systems, this paper suggests a flexible team forming mechanism that can enable agents to select team members with reasonable terms and objects. The flexibility of the mechanism enables agents to form more rational teams that can avoid potential benefit conflicts among self-interested team members.
Standard interfaces in mobile terminals: increasing the efficiency of device design and accelerating innovation
Authors: Risto Savolainen, Tero Rissa
Venue: Proceedings of the 45th annual Design Automation Conference (2008)

Handheld mobile terminals have developed from simple phones to devices featuring a wide variety of modern multimedia functions, being in fact multimedia computers. In today's mobile terminals, computational demand is closes to that of personal desktop computers only a few years ago. All these new features need more power and bandwidth in interconnections. New innovations must be implemented in these devices with ever increasing speed. The MIPI, Mobile Industry Processor Interface, standardization forum is tackling these challenges by standardizing the interfaces used in mobile terminals. Some of the advances this forum is working on are: &bull; The serialization of interfaces which aims to reduce the pincount in ICs, &bull; New physical layer designs which are optimized for per bit energy consumption, &bull; Universally applicable protocols that can be widely used while they are not specified for a certain application only, thus giving flexibility to the design of devices With standard interfaces, companies no longer need to spend time in new projects on designing interfaces for different customers. They can thus release those resources for other design work. They can also obtain a wider potential customer base. Also customers can free their resources from interface design, when the standardization work is done. Customers can enjoy choosing from a larger potential supply base and their time to market with new innovative products is increased considerably. Nokia sees standard interfaces as a critical enabler for pincount and power efficient designs and getting new innovations and applications to the market considerably faster.
Fast Evaluation Method for Transient Hot Spots in VLSI ICs in Packages
Authors: Je-Hyoung Park, Ali Shakouri, Sung-Mo Kang
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th international symposium on Quality Electronic Design (2008)

Recently VLSI IC design is concerned with the large temperature non-uniformity in high power chips. Thus far, thermal simulations have been limited to steady-state worst case conditions, which have caused the use of conservative margins in thermal designs. Transient temperature characteristics were not simulated in prior art chip-level simulations due to the high computational expense. To drastically reduce the time for the chip-level thermal simulations, we have developed a matrix convolution technique, called the Power Blurring (PB) method. Our method renders the temperature profile of a packaged IC with maximum error less than 3% for several case studies done and reduces the computation time by a factor of 100, compared to the simulations done by the industry standard finite element tools.
Thoughts on Multi-Disciplinary Inspired Research on Open Network and Information System
Authors: Yufeng Wang, Yoshiaki Hori, Kouichi Sakurai
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications - Workshops (2008)

Current and future computing system acting as the fundamental infrastructure of our society should be multi-disciplinary research topics, and possess the economic-social characteristics which reflect the features of our society. Specifically, in this paper, we propose a unified framework to categorize and describe research problems in socially-inspired computing system from two distinctive viewpoints. That is, in macro-level, we propose architectural space including economic space, intelligent space and trust space to characterize the whole system; in micro-level, we demonstrate that it is suitable to adapt some inter-disciplinary concepts and theories to better understand and properly address problems in communications network. Finally, we illustrate the interdependence between architectural space and interaction space, that is, the local interaction behaviors should shape and be shaped by architectural properties.