ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Scheduling Real-Time Information in a Broadcast System with Non-Real-Time Information
Authors: Hsin-Wen Wei, Pei-Chi Huang, Hsung-Pin Chang, Wei-Kuan Shih
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th IEEE International Conference on Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications (2005)

Data broadcast is an efficient information delivery model that can deliver information to a large population simultaneously. In this paper, we propose two efficient algorithms to broadcast real-time and non-real-time data together. The goal of our algorithms is to reduce the average response time of non-real-time data under the constraint that all real-time data must meet their deadlines. The experimental results show that our proposed algorithms can reduce the average response time while guarantee the timing constraints.
A new look at atomic broadcast in the asynchronous crash-recovery model
Authors: Sergio Mena, Andre Schiper
Venue: Proceedings of the 24th IEEE Symposium on Reliable Distributed Systems (2005)

Atomic broadcast in particular, and group communication in general, have mainly been specified and implemented in a system model where processes do not recover after a crash. The model is called crash-stop. The drawback of this model is its inability to express algorithms that tolerate the crash of a majority of processes. This has led to extend the crash-stop model to the so-called crash-recovery model, in which processes have access to stable storage, to log their state periodically. This allows them to recover a previous state after a crash. However, the existing specifications of atomic broadcast in the crash-recovery model are not satisfactory, and the paper explains why. The paper also proposes a new speci fication of atomic broadcast in the crash-recovery model that addresses these issues. Specifically, our new specifi- cation allows to distinguish between a uniform and a nonuniform version of atomic broadcast. The non-uniform version logs less information, and is thus more efficient. The uniform and non-uniform atomic broadcast have been implemented and compared with a published atomic broadcast algorithm. Performance results are presented.
Joining "networks of power": participation of graduate, nonnative english speaking students in academic networks
Authors: Vera Nincic
Venue:  (2005)

With the rise of computerization and the internationalization of graduate education, theory and research in education have been mostly focused on promoting computer technologies as a solution for the more equitable academic participation of nonnative English speaking students. A critical analysis of this trend, however, reveals the tendency to decontextualize and oversimplify the conditions under which the students' engagement with computer technologies develops, to assume that nonnative English speakers are dissatisfied with traditional educational contexts, and to accept a simplistic perspective of unproblematized computer technologies. To avoid such an instrumental vision of computing and to better explore the conditions under which technology, difference, and educational context intersect, I suggest that there is a need for other theoretical frameworks from which to look at students' engagement with computer technologies. This study has a dual purpose. First, to develop an exploratory framework that weaves together multidisciplinary theories and research traditions (cultural studies, educational anthropology, critical theory, techno-culture, sociology of science and technology) aimed toward the understanding of the students' engagement with computer technologies in academic contexts as being co-shaped by social, cultural, and technological discourses and practices. A second purpose is to explore the ways in which nonnative English speaking graduate students negotiate their academic participation and computer-mediated academic practices. To this end, an open-ended interview study was conducted with eight nonnative English speaking graduate students of education, living and studying in Toronto, Canada. The results of this interview process brought forward some under-explored issues that emerged in the process of computer-mediated academic participation. This study suggests that, instead of thinking in terms of possible academic benefits that computer technologies might offer to nonnative English speakers, we should think of academic participation as deeply situated in the context of academic communities where the meaning of academic benefits, computer practices, and classroom participation is co-shaped by the complex web of academic ties and links that students constantly negotiate by moving along an academic trajectory.
Ferroelectric and leakage current characteristics of (Pb0.72La0.28)Ti0.93O3 thin films prepared by a sol-gel process
Authors: Qin-Yu He, Xin-Gui Tang
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2005)

(Pb"1"-"xLa"x)Ti"1"-"x"/"4O"3(x=28 mol%, denoted as PLT) thin films were grown on Pt/Ti/SiO"2/Si substrates by using a sol-gel process. The Pt/PLT/Pt film capacitor showed well-saturated hysteresis loops at an applied electric field of 500 kV/cm with spontaneous polarization (P"s), remanent polarization (P"r) and coercive electric field (E"c) values of 9.23 @mC/cm^2, 0.53 @mC/cm^2 and 19.7 kV/cm, respectively. At 100 kHz, the dielectric constant and dissipation factor of the film were 748 and 0.026, respectively. The leakage current density is lower than 1.0x10^-^7 A/cm^2over the electric field range of 0 to 200 kV/cm. And the Pt/PLT interface exist a Schottky emission characteristics.
Nonlinear Operations for Colour Images Based on Pairwise Vector Ordering
Authors: Adrian N. Evans
Venue: Proceedings of the Digital Image Computing on Techniques and Applications (2005)

A new vector ordering is proposed and its application to colour image processing demonstrated. Partial ordering is first used rank the vectors in groups of two and then a simple reduced ordering is applied to each pair to give a full ordering. As the initial ordering is based on pairs of vectors, the technique is termed pairwise vector ordering. The new ordering is used to develop a median filter and colour morphological operations. A quantitative evaluation shows the pairwise vector median to be less effective for noise reduction than the well known vector median filter, albeit with reduced complexity. Colour morphological erosions and dilations based on the pairwise ordering are shown to produce well behaved results that conform with expectations, without any of the problems associated with applying the operations to the individual channels. Their application to multiscale image analysis is also investigated.
2005 IEEE East-West Design and Test Workshop
Authors: Vladimir Hahanov
Venue: IEEE Design Test (2005)

The 3rd IEEE East-West Design and Test Workshop (EWDTW 2005) took place from 15 to 19 September in Odessa, Ukraine. The workshop's goal was for scientific schools and experts in Eastern and Western Europe (as well as other parts of the world) to exchange experiences in the design and test of electronic systems. Researchers from western countries presented an overview of design-and-test trends. André Ivanov gave a tutorial on network-on-chip design and test, and Yervant Zorian gave a tutorial on design for yield and reliability. Participants from Intel presented the invited talk, "Research at Intel's Strategic CAD Labs," which gave an overview of CAD research preformed at Intel's laboratories.
Implementation of a hexapod mobile robot with a fuzzy controller
Authors: Makoto Kern, Peng-Yung Woo
Venue: Robotica (2005)

Fuzzy logic has features that are particular attractive in light of the problems posed by autonomous robot navigation. Fuzzy logic allows us to model different types of uncertainty and imprecision. In this paper, the implementation of a hexapod mobile robot with a fuzzy controller navigating in unknown environments is presented. The robot, MKIII, interprets input sensor data through the comparison of values in its fuzzy rule base and moves accordingly to avoid obstacles. Results of trial run experiments are presented.
Multi-User Interface and Interactions on Direct-Touch Horizontal Surfaces: Collaborative Tabletop Research at MERL
Authors: Chia Shen
Venue: Proceedings of the First IEEE International Workshop on Horizontal Interactive Human-Computer Systems (2006)

While "displays" have the connotation of affording visual output, "surfaces" invite the users to interact. What happens then when the surfaces are also displays, when a direct input interface space and output visual space are superimposed onto the same touch interactive surfaces? In the past three years at MERL, we have systematically examined, studied and evaluated, holistically, user interface and interaction techniques on one particular type of direct-touch computational surfaces - multi-touch multi-user tabletops. We have created and prototyped a set of novel interface systems ranging from a photo storysharing table called PDH (Personal Digital Historian) to the DiamondSpin tabletop tool kit, and UbiTable, to interaction concepts including CoRDs, Modal Spaces, Glimpse multi-level input model, ExpressiveTouch bimanual gestures and bifocal tabletop display interactions. We have also obtained preliminary findings on non-speech audio feedback on multi-user interactive tabletops, and some of the effects of the size of tables and size of groups on different aspects of multi-user collaboration. Our future research will investigate interaction and visualization across tablecentric interactive spaces with multiple surfaces of tabletops and walls in a new project called DiamondSpace.
Using UML 2.0 for System Level Design of Real Time SoC Platforms for Stream Processing
Authors: Yongxin Zhu, Zhenxin Sun, Alexander Maxiaguine, Weng-Fai Wong
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th IEEE International Conference on Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications (2005)

While enabling fast implementation and reconfiguration of stream applications, programmable stream processors expose issues of incompatibility and lack of adoption in existing stream modelling languages. To address them, we describe a design approach in which specifications are captured in UML 2.0, and automatically translated into SystemC models consisting of simulators and synthesizable code under proper style constraints. As an application case, we explain real time stream processor specifications using new UML 2.0 notations. Then we expound how our translator generates SystemC models and includes additional hardware details. Verifications are made during UML execution as well as assertions in SystemC. The case study demonstrates the feasibility of fast specifications, modifications and generation of real time stream processor designs.
Extrinsic Analog Synthesis Using Piecewise Linear Current-Mode Circuits
Authors: M. S. Bhat, S. Rekha, H. S. Jamadagni
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on VLSI Design held jointly with 5th International Conference on Embedded Systems Design (2006)

A methodology is presented for the synthesis of analog circuits using piecewise linear (PWL) approximations. The function to be synthesized is divided into PWL segments such that each segment can be realized using elementary MOS current-mode programmable-gain circuits. A number of these elementary current-mode circuits when connected in parallel, it is possible to realize piecewise linear approximation of any arbitrary analog function with in the allowed approximation error bounds. Simulation results show a close agreement between the desired function and the synthesized output. The number of PWL segments used for approximation and hence the circuit area is determined by the required accuracy and the smoothness of the resulting function.
CONNET: Self-Controlled Access Links for Delay and Jitter Requirements
Authors: Mohamed El Gendy, Kang G. Shin, Hosam Fathy
Venue: Proceedings of the 13TH IEEE International Conference on Network Protocols (2005)

Access links are typically the bottleneck between a high bandwidth LAN and a high bandwidth IP network. Without a priori resource provisioning or reservation, this tends to have a serious effect on premium traffic from delay- and jitter-sensitive applications. This paper develops a new reservation-less mechanism for delay and jitter guarantees across "single FIFO queue" access links by controlling interfering non-premium traffic. The mechanism, called CONNET (CONtrolled NETwork), uses feedback regulation to create self-controlled network services capable of tracking delay and jitter references. We use a control-theoretic approach in designing the feedback loop based on a "blackbox" model of the access link in both cases of single and multiple nodes. For robust control, we employ optimal Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG) regulator. We evaluate the performance of CONNET using a real testbed implementation showing its superiority to other rate-based schemes (such as CBQ and WFQ) in terms of simplicity, deployability, and accuracy.
Tensegric mobile controlled by pseudo forces
Authors: Kazuya G. Kobayashi, Taro Ichizawa, Koichi Nakano, Katsutoshi Ootsubo
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th annual ACM international conference on Multimedia (2005)

A tensegric mobile in virtual 3D space is introduced. An input model is a triangular mesh B-rep designed by an artist, which is allowed to have an arbitrary topology. The tensegric structure is automatically generated from a mesh model as a deforming object. After the object is set up above a virtual floor, it repeats movements: rotating, falling, flattening, and rebounding. A user can control its behavior by "pseudo forces"; attraction and repulsion forces, stiffness property, and gravity. The stiffness and gravity can also be randomly changed. By using our system, an artist can present continuous movements of an arbitrary 3D shape as a "mobile" of abstractionism.
CLICK & FIND: A Third-Party Internet Service for Full Tracing and Tracking of Freight
Authors: N. Zingirian, M. Maresca, P. Baglietto, L. Ballardin, S. Bedin, S. Nalin, F. Safiotti
Venue: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Systems Engineering (2005)

This paper presents the architecture, the system implementation and the performance evaluation of an innovative Internet-based service for object position tracing and tracking (T&T). It supports "full" T&T, as tracking data are not limited only to warehouse checkins/check-outs, but are extended to the whole transport process, i.e., even when the traced item is on the road, taking advantage of GPS and GPRS technologies. The system works as an Internet Component, made available to other systems such as Enterprise Resource Planners or Logistic Resource Managers, easily integrated through Web or Web Services interfaces. Wide area coverage, high-precision and real-time characteristics make the system suitable for the integration with factory automation tasks, whenever such tasks need to extend beyond the plant area boundaries.
Guest Editorial: Special Issue on Software Maintenance and Evolution
Authors: Mark Harman, Bogdan Korel, Panagioties K. Linos
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering (2005)

In systems developed without aspect-oriented programming, code implementing a crosscutting concern may be spread over many different parts of a system. Identifying such code automatically could be of great help during maintenance of the system. First of all, it allows a developer to more easily find the places in the code that must be changed when the concern changes and, thus, makes such changes less time consuming and less prone to errors. Second, it allows the code to be refactored to an aspect-oriented solution, thereby improving its modularity. In this paper, we evaluate the suitability of clone detection as a technique for the identification of crosscutting concerns. To that end, we manually identify five specific crosscutting concerns in an industrial C system and analyze to what extent clone detection is capable of finding them. We consider our results as a stepping stone toward an automated "aspect miner¿ based on clone detection.
Real Time Dynamic Receive Apodization for an Ultrasound Imaging System
Authors: J. Bhattacharyya, P. Mandal, R. Banerjee, Swapna Banerjee
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on VLSI Design held jointly with 5th International Conference on Embedded Systems Design (2006)

This paper prosposes an algorithm and its VLSI implementation to generate the aperture weighting coefficients for an ultrasound imaging system in real time. The side lobe reduction capability of the proposed scheme has been compared with existing methods and satisfactory results have been obtained. The design has been implemented using XCV2000EBG560 Xilinx FPGA and for a typical 64 channel beamformer (100 scan lines, 512 scan points on each line) found to operate at 40 frames/s. Further speed enhancement in the existing design, if necessary, can easily be made by just using identical blocks in parallel and very small change in the control structure.
pHotOluck: A Home-use Table-ware to Vitalize Mealtime Communications by Projecting Photos onto Dishes
Authors: Kazushi Nishimoto, Kenta Amano, Masao Usuki
Venue: Proceedings of the First IEEE International Workshop on Horizontal Interactive Human-Computer Systems (2006)

In this papeK we propose "pHotOluck" (a word coined by mixing "potluck" and "photo"), which is a novel table-ware system for vitalizing mealtime communication by projecting photos taken by people who have a meal together onto special dishes. We conducted several experiments to investigate people's behaviors and communications, comparing pHotOluck with an ordinary photo viewing system that displays photos on a normal LCD PC display and with printed photos. The results of the experiments showed that pHotOluck could vitalize mealtime communications and offered everyone on equal chance to initiate communication although, compared to a normal photo viewing system and printed photos, pHotOluck is not so good as a photoviewer:
A perspective on the Healthgrid initiative
Authors: V. Breton, A. E. Solomonides, R. H. McClatchey
Venue: Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE International Symposium on Cluster Computing and the Grid (2004)

This work presents a perspective on the Healthgrid initiative which involves European projects deploying pioneering applications of Grid technology in the health sector. In the last couple of years, several Grid projects have been funded on health related issues at national and European levels. A crucial issue is to maximize their cross fertilization in the context of an environment where data of medical interest can be stored and made easily available to the different actors in health care, physicians, health care centres and administrations, and of course the citizens. The Healthgrid initiative, represented by the Healthgrid association, was initiated to bring the necessary long term continuity, to reinforce and promote awareness of the possibilities and advantages linked to the deployment of Grid technologies in health. Technologies to address the specific requirements for medical applications are under development. Results from the DataGrid and other projects are given as examples of early applications.
Query Disambiguation for Cross-Language Information Retrieval Using Web Directories
Authors: Fuminori Kimura, Akira Maeda, Jun Miyazaki, Shunsuke Uemura
Venue: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Challenges in Web Information Retrieval and Integration (2005)

Since the Web consists of documents in various domains or genres, methods used for Cross-Language Information Retrieval (CLIR) of Web documents should be independent of a particular domain. In this paper, we propose a CLIR method that uses Web directories that are available in multiple language versions (such as Yahoo). In the proposed method, feature terms are first extracted from Web documents for each category in the source and target languages. Then, one or more corresponding categories in the other language are determined beforehand by comparing similarities between categories across languages. Using these category pairs, we can resolve ambiguities in simple dictionary translations. In this paper, we propose a query disambiguation method for CLIR using Web directories. To assess the effectiveness of our method, we tested the proposed retrieval methods experimentally using English and Japanese versions of Yahoo. The results showed that the proposed method is more effective for CLIR than the previous method.
An XML based approach to support the evolution of model-to-model traceability links
Authors: Jonathan I. Maletic, Michael L. Collard, Bonita Simoes
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd international workshop on Traceability in emerging forms of software engineering (2005)

The paper summarizes the authors' current research on supporting model-to-model traceability. The authors present a graph theoretic definition of what they mean by models and traceability links. This definition is realized by the use of XML technologies to represent the models and traceability links. Practical means to represent different types of system models (e.g., source code and design) using XML are discussed. Traceability links are also implemented using XML technologies in an efficient and scalable manner. The evolution of the system, along with the traceability links, is supported by a fine-grained versioning technique. This allows for versioning and differencing of specific elements of the models versus just lines or whole files.
Robust Airport Gate Assignment
Authors: Andrew Lim, Fan Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the 17th IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence (2005)

In this paper, we propose a new strategy for the robust constraint resource assignment problem and apply it to solve the Robust Airport Gate Assignment (RAGA). RAGA attempts to accurately build an evaluation criteria for the ability of an aircraft-to-gate assignment to handle uncertainty on aircraft schedule; and to accurately and effectively search the most robust airport gate assignment. We model the RAGA by a stochastic programming model and transform it into a binary programming model by introducing the un-supervised estimation functions without knowing any information on the real-time arrival and departure time of aircrafts in advance. Moreover, a partition-based search space encoding, two neighborhood operators for single or multiple aircrafts reassignment, and a hybrid meta-heuristic combining a tabu search and a local search are proposed to solve RAGA efficiently. Experimental results on the real-life test data from Hong Kong International Airport demonstrate that the proposed RAGA model provides a valuable tool for the airport to improve its robustness in uncertain operations.
A Sampling Based Approach to Facial Feature Extraction
Authors: Karthik Sridharan, Venu Govindaraju
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE Workshop on Automatic Identification Advanced Technologies (2005)

Facial feature extraction is considered a key step in many biometric applications. We propose a system that performs facial feature extraction in a given grey-scale face image using hamiltonian sampling. During training stage of the proposed system, the parameters for a hybrid linear gaussian model are learnt based on the training data. During the testing stage, when a new image is posed to the system, it uses the learnt graphical model together with hybrid (hamiltonian) sampling to locate and extract the facial features. The system is an appearance based model which uses PPCA that is robust against noise. The modeling of correlations between latent variables by the graphical model helps in making the facial feature extraction both accurate and efficient. The use of the hybrid sampling helps in locating and extracting facial features in fewer iterations.