ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
On optimal and near-optimal turbo decoding using generalized max* operator
Authors: Stylianos Papaharalabos, P. Takis Mathiopoulos, Guido Masera, Maurizio Martina
Venue: IEEE Communications Letters (2009)

Motivated by a recently published robust geometric programming approximation, a generalized approach for approximating efficiently the max* operator is presented. Using this approach, the max* operator is approximated by means of a generic and yet very simple max operator, instead of using additional correction term as previous approximation methods require. Following that, several turbo decoding algorithms are obtained with optimal and near-optimal bit error rate (BER) performance depending on a single parameter, namely the number of piecewise linear (PWL) approximation terms. It turns out that the known Max-Log-MAP algorithm can be viewed as special case of this new generalized approach. Furthermore, the decoding complexity of the most popular previously published methods is estimated, for the first time, in a unified way by hardware synthesis results, showing the practical implementation advantages of the proposed approximations against these methods.
Analyzing CMC content for what?
Authors: Som Naidu, Sanna Järvelä
Venue: Computers Education (2006)

Computer mediated communication (CMC) refers to communication between individuals and among groups via networked computers. Such forms of communication can be asynchronous or synchronous and serve a wide variety of useful functions ranging from administration to building understanding and knowledge. As such there are many reasons for interest in analyzing the content of CMC. Foremost among these is the opportunity that the written text is able to offer for various types of analysis. Others have to do with the need to understand human communication patterns in this medium, their conventions, form and functions, the nature of the subtext within it, and how people derive meaning and understanding in such contexts. The papers in this special section of this journal have attempted to closely examine the subject of CMC content analysis. It includes examination of what is involved in the analysis of CMC content, schemes and frameworks for analyzing them, and knowledge building within such contexts.
A distributed geospatial infrastructure for Sensor Web
Authors: Steve H. L. Liang, Arie Croitoru, C. Vincent Tao
Venue: Computers Geosciences (2005)

So far, over 100 physical (light, pressure, humidity, etc.), chemical (gas, liquid, solid, etc.) and biological (DNA, protein, acoustics, etc.) properties can be sensed by using in situ sensing technology. With the presence of cheaper, miniature, faster, and smart in situ sensors, the increasing availability of abundant ubiquitous computing devices, wireless and mobile network access, and autonomous and intelligent geospatial software agents, distributed networked in situ sensing becomes clearly a technological trend. Sensor Webs can perform as an extensive monitoring and sensing system that provides timely, comprehensive, continuous and multi-mode observations. This new earth-observation system opens up a new avenue to fast assimilation of data from various sensors (both in situ and remote) and to accurate analysis and informed decision makings. One of the critical components in developing a Sensor Web is to build a geospatial information infrastructure, a backbone that connects the heterogeneous in situ sensors and remote sensors over the wired or wireless networks. We, firstly, introduce the revolutionary concept of the Sensor Web and provide a comprehensive study of Sensor Web. Secondly, we describe the architecture of a distributed geospatial infrastructure for Sensor Web--GeoSWIFT Sensing Services, which serves as a gateway that integrates and fuses observations from spatially referenced sensors. Thirdly, we demonstrate the prototype of GeoSWIFT Sensing Services that integrates an existing sensor network of webcams into the Sensor Web.
Temporal derivative-based spectrum and mel-cepstrum audio steganalysis
Authors: Qingzhong Liu, Andrew H. Sung, Mengyu Qiao
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security (2009)

To improve a recently developed mel-cepstrum audio steganalysis method, we present in this paper a method based on Fourier spectrum statistics and mel-cepstrum coefficients, derived from the second-order derivative of the audio signal. Specifically, the statistics of the high-frequency spectrum and the melcepstrum coefficients of the second-order derivative are extracted for use in detecting audio steganography. We also design a wavelet-based spectrum and mel-cepstrum audio steganalysis. By applying support vector machines to these features, unadulterated carrier signals (without hidden data) and the steganograms (carrying covert data) are successfully discriminated. Experimental results show that proposed derivative-based and wavelet-based approaches remarkably improve the detection accuracy. Between the two new methods, the derivative-based approach generally delivers a better performance.
A design rationale representation model using patent documents
Authors: Yan Liang, Ying Liu, Chun Kit Kwong, Wing Bun Lee
Venue: Proceeding of the 2nd international workshop on Patent information retrieval (2009)

Design rationale (DR) refers to the explanation of why an artifact is designed the way it is. The management of DR in engineering design is an important task since DR is often regarded as crucial information in design decision support, design analysis and design knowledge management. The existing DR systems largely target at manually capturing DRs along design activities. These systems are not only weak in revealing the internal relationships of design components, but also time consuming and they can not extract DR from archival design documents which are usually unstructured or semi-structured texts, such as design changes and test reports. Furthermore, the lack of open accessible DR data has limited the research and spreading of DR systems. In view of such challenges, it has motivated us to propose a new DR model to intelligently discover DR from patent documents since patents are deemed as quality data sources open for public access and they contain rich information about DR, invention details, technology development and so on. Our approach of DR discovery from patents consists of two stages. In the first stage, we propose a novel triple layer DR representation model, i.e. issue layer, design solution layer and artifact layer, to mine DR in a single patent document. The second stage aims to form a DR network based on the salient patent information that is discovered and explicitly represented in the first stage. We then exemplify our representation model using a case study of patents of inkjet printer. Lastly, we briefly discuss some potential applications by taking advantage of our representation model, such as DR reasoning and technology development trend mining.
Distinct nearest neighbors queries for similarity search in very large multimedia databases
Authors: Tomáš Skopal, Vlastislav Dohnal, Michal Batko, Pavel Zezula
Venue: Proceeding of the eleventh international workshop on Web information and data management (2009)

As the volume of multimedia data available on internet is tremendously increasing, the content-based similarity search becomes a popular approach to multimedia retrieval. The most popular retrieval concept is the k nearest neighbor (kNN) search. For a long time, the kNN queries provided an effective retrieval in multimedia databases. However, as today's multimedia databases available on the web grow to massive volumes, the classic kNN query quickly loses its descriptive power. In this paper, we introduce a new similarity query type, the k distinct nearest neighbors (kDNN), which aims to generalize the classic kNN query to be more robust with respect to the database size. In addition to retrieving just objects similar to the query example, the kDNN further ensures the objects within the result have to be distinct enough, i.e. excluding near duplicates.
Design and Development of SIP-Based Billing Application Server System
Authors: Zhenrong Deng, Wenming Huang, Zhenbo Tang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Fifth International Joint Conference on INC, IMS and IDC (2009)

When the telecommunication industry is moving from the traditional PSTN network to the SIP-based soft switch network, a new billing system of AOCE solution becomes the promising value-added service, to which the design and development of the SIP-based application server is the key. On the basis of the analysis of the SIP protocol and the separation process of the foreground from the background, the billing application server of AOCE SIP Serve is designed and implemented, of which the front processes the SIP stack, records the call information, calculates the bill and sends the bill to the calling terminal. The background program implements the functions including maintenance, alarm, diagnostic testing, protocol tracking, call tracking, performance statistics. A number of experiments have been performed in our NGN lab, with a satisfactory result.
Requirements gathering in a model-based approach for the design of multi-similarity systems
Authors: María Pérez, Sven Casteleyn, Ismael Sanz, María José Aramburu
Venue: Proceeding of the first international workshop on Model driven service engineering and data quality and security (2009)

Many important applications in scientific fields such as Bioinformatics depend on the management of large collections of heterogeneous XML documents, containing complex domain-specific data. To allow advanced querying, these systems need to support techniques such as data exploration and approximate query processing by using multiple notions of similarity. The development of these kinds of information systems usually proceeds in costly ad-hoc ways, due to the lack of methodological guidance. This paper presents a model-based approach to guide the development of multi-similarity systems for XML document repositories. We describe the overall framework of our approach and in particular, we focus on the requirements phase. We provide a detailed guidance for capturing the users requirements and for specifying them in a formal way by using an adaptation of the i* modeling framework. Finally, the usefulness of our approach is demonstrated by a Bioinformatics case study.
A stopping radius for the sphere decoder and its application to MSDD of DPSK
Authors: Andreas Schenk, Robert F. H. Fischer, Lutz Lampe
Venue: IEEE Communications Letters (2009)

In this letter we use a lower bound on the packing radius of discrete sets as a stopping radius in the sphere decoder (SD). This enables us to terminate the SD search process as early as possible while preserving the optimality of the final decoder output. As an example we investigate the application of this SD with early termination in multiple-symbol differential detection (MSDD) of differential phase-shift keying (DPSK) transmitted over time-varying fading channels, and provide numerical evidence that the proposed stopping radius achieves a notable complexity reduction.
An ARQ mechanism considering resource and traffic priorities in cognitive radio systems
Authors: Soo-Yong Jeon, Dong-Ho Cho
Venue: IEEE Communications Letters (2009)

In multi-hop relaying systems that have many relay stations (RSs), a cognitive radio (CR) technique can improve system performance greatly, due to an efficient resource sharing between the RSs. In this letter, the performance of an ARQ mechanism for CR-based multi-hop relaying systems is studied, using Markov chain and matrix signal flow graph (MSFG) techniques. Also, a priority-based resource allocation scheme is proposed to prevent performance degradation caused by the usage of unstable resources acquired by the CR technique.
Facial recognition from volume-rendered magnetic resonance imaging data
Authors: Fred W. Prior, Barry Brunsden, Charles Hildebolt, Tracy S. Nolan, Michael Pringle, S. Neil Vaishnavi, Linda J. Larson-Prior
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine (2009)

Three-dimensional (3-D) reconstructions of computed tomography (CT) andmagnetic resonance (MR) brain imaging studies are a routine component of both clinical practice and clinical and translational research. A side effect of such reconstructions is the creation of a potentially recognizable face. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) Privacy Rule requires that individually identifiable health information may not be used for research unless identifiers that may be associated with the health information including "Full face photographic images and other comparable images..." are removed (de-identification). Thus, a key question is: Are reconstructed facial images comparable to full-face photographs for the purpose of identification? To address this question, MR images were selected from existing research repositories and subjects were asked to pair an MR reconstruction with one of 40 photographs. The chance probability that an observer could match a photograph with its 3-D MR image was 1 in 40 (0.025), and we considered 4 successes out of 40 (4/40, 0.1) to indicate that a subject could identify persons' faces from their 3-D MR images. Forty percent of the subjects were able to successfully match photographs with MR images with success rates higher than the null hypothesis success rate. The Blyth-Still-Casella 95% confidence interval for the 40% success rate was 29%-52%, and the 40% success rate was significantly higher (P < 0.001) than our null hypothesis success rate of 1 in 10 (0.10).
Research on the Dynamics Mechanism and Simulation of Product Development Complex System
Authors: Lai Chaoan
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Third International Symposium on Intelligent Information Technology Application - Volume 03 (2009)

Taking system dynamics as the study framework, using Support Vector Machines to obtain the non-linear relationship among units of product development complex system; and then using Rough Set to analysis the feedback loops of flow-chart of the system, so as to find the non-linear dynamics correcting mechanism of product development. The simulation model can illuminate the essentiality of the evolution process of new product development. The essential factors of product development was found with Rough Set by the simulation model, and it was found that the system of essential factors in certain space can play an important role in the steady of the system. It was proved that the managers can raise the success rate of new product development and make it easy to forecast and control the evolution process of product development by regulating the essential factors.
Compact optical CDMA passive optical network with differentiated services
Authors: Chao-Chin Yang
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Communications (2009)

In this paper the improved versions of quadratic congruence (QC) codes for cardinality enlargement are proposed for spectral-amplitude coding (SAC) optical code-division multiple-access (OCDMA) network. These codes can adopt two-code keying for performance enhancement and the interference can be eliminated in the decoder by our interference elimination scheme proposed previously. In addition, to mitigate the cardinality reduction in the two-code keying scheme, hybrid schemes using QC and/or stuffed QC (SQC) codes for differentiated service provision are proposed. These two code families are capable of using compact encoders and decoders for the application of passive optical networks.
A Sensor for Ubiquitous Point-of-Interest Services
Authors: Jeongkyu Park, Keung Hae Lee
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Third International Conference on Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering (2009)

This paper explicates a novel idea of creating a parallel to a sensor network for offline businesses. Unlike RFID and wireless sensor networks that have been popularly used to gather physical data, no such tools have been articulated for business artifacts. We propose a method for automatically producing business information for ubiquitous point-of-interest (POI) information services. We argue that while our idea is rather straightforward and easy to implement, it can have a significant impact on expanding the information that mobile users can use. We discuss requirements for the quality of information in the context of POI applications and present an architecture which meets the requirements. It is demonstrated that the proposed idea enables POI services to offer business information in a more comprehensive and timely manner than before.
Clues for detecting irony in user-generated contents: oh...!! it's "so easy" ;-)
Authors: Paula Carvalho, Luís Sarmento, Mário J. Silva, Eugénio de Oliveira
Venue: Proceeding of the 1st international CIKM workshop on Topic-sentiment analysis for mass opinion (2009)

We investigate the accuracy of a set of surface patterns in identifying ironic sentences in comments submitted by users to an on-line newspaper. The initial focus is on identifying irony in sentences containing positive predicates since these sentences are more exposed to irony, making their true polarity harder to recognize. We show that it is possible to find ironic sentences with relatively high precision (from 45% to 85%) by exploring certain oral or gestural clues in user comments, such as emoticons, onomatopoeic expressions for laughter, heavy punctuation marks, quotation marks and positive interjections. We also demonstrate that clues based on deeper linguistic information are relatively inefficient in capturing irony in user-generated content, which points to the need for exploring additional types of oral clues.
Approximating feeder line reliability statistics with partial data collection in assembly systems
Authors: Jingshan Li, Jeffrey M. Alden, John R. Rabaey
Venue: Computers and Industrial Engineering (2005)

Due to the difficulty and high cost of data collection, many feeder lines in assembly systems lack full collection of data. However, reliability statistics of feeder lines are important in throughput analysis and continuous improvement of manufacturing systems. In this paper, a simple approximation approach is presented to estimate the reliability statistics of feeder lines from the associated assembly station's collected blocking and starving information. It is shown that the approach is helpful for accurate throughput estimation and sensitivity analysis. We also show how feeder line speed can be used to improve the approximation.
A new signal detection method for spatially multiplexed MIMO systems and its VLSI implementation
Authors: Tae Ho Im, Insoo Park, Jinmin Kim, Joohyun Yi, Jaekwon Kim, Sungwook Yu, Yong Soo Cho
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs (2009)

This brief proposes a new signal detection method called QR ordered successive interference cancellation (OSIC) with candidates (QOC) method for spatially multiplexed multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) systems. By using the OSIC algorithm and the maximum-likelihood (ML) metric, the proposed method achieves near-ML performance without requiring a large number of candidates. Although the proposed method can be used for both hard and soft decoding systems, it is particularly useful for soft decoding systems since the log-likelihood-ratio (LLR) value for all the bits can efficiently be computed without using LLR estimation. The proposed method is also suitable for very large scale integration (VLSI) implementation since it leads to a fixed throughput system. A QOC detector for a 4 × 4 16-quadratute-amplitude-modulation (16-QAM) MIMO system has been designed and synthesized with a 0.13-µm complimentary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology. The implementation results show that the proposed detector reduces the hardware complexity by 73% relative to a K-best detector.
Spatial and temporal correlation of the interference in ALOHA ad hoc networks
Authors: Radha Krishna Ganti, Martin Haenggi
Venue: IEEE Communications Letters (2009)

Interference is a main limiting factor of the performance of a wireless ad hoc network. The temporal and the spatial correlation of the interference makes the outages correlated temporally (important for retransmissions) and spatially correlated (important for routing). In this letter we quantify the temporal and spatial correlation of the interference in a wireless ad hoc network whose nodes are distributed as a Poisson point process on the plane when ALOHA is used as the multiple-access scheme.
PLACA: a white box for plate reconstruction and best-fit pole determination
Authors: Luis Manuel Matias, Jean-Louis Olivet, Daniel Aslanian, Luis Fidalgo
Venue: Computers Geosciences (2005)

PLACA was developed as a general purpose computer program for the earth scientist that has to manipulate the rigid plate tectonics theory, from the representation of plate reconstructions to the determination of best-fit poles using magnetic anomalies, fracture zones or volcanic alignments. In the ''forward'' mode PLACA has the features of most available demonstration software plus the ability of simulating mid-oceanic ridges (MOR) as dynamic segments that move with a fraction of the relative motion between two plates. The movement can be illustrated by the generation of flow lines, plate trajectories and/or pseudo-magnetic anomalies on the ocean floor. The evolution of simple triple junctions of the R-R-R type can also be studied. In the ''modifying'' mode, best-fit poles can be computed either visually or by a systematic search routine. Five methods are available to evaluate the residuals between predicted and observed reconstructed points. Once the best-fit pole is obtained, several statistical tests can be done to evaluate the confidence on the fit. Surprisingly, the use of high-resolution geophysical data that are now available in the oceanic domain doesn't always imply that the reconstruction poles are better constrained, as shown by an application example. Other examples presented document a discussion on the precision of plate reconstructions and suggest a few words of caution for the general user of PLACA.
Computer-assisted supply chain configuration based on supply chain operations reference (SCOR) model
Authors: Samuel H. Huang, Sunil K. Sheoran, Harshal Keskar
Venue: Computers and Industrial Engineering (2005)

A supply chain is a network of facilities that procure raw materials, transform them into intermediate goods and then final products, and deliver the products to customers through a distribution system. To achieve integrated supply chain management, a number of researchers and practitioners have devoted their efforts in developing models to describe the elements and activities of a supply chain. The supply chain council, supported by over 650 member organizations (both academia and industry) worldwide, has developed the supply chain operations reference (SCOR) model. The SCOR model is a process reference model, which is intended to be an industrial standard that enables next-generation supply chain management. It contains a standard description of management processes, a framework of relationships among the standard processes, standard metrics to measure process performance, management practices that produce best-in-class performance, and a standard alignment to software features and functionality. This paper summarizes the SCOR model, its benefits along with illustrative case stories and describes a computer-assisted tool to configure supply chain threaded diagram per SCOR specification.