ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Reductions for non-clausal theorem proving
Authors: G. Aguilera, I. P. de Guzman, M. Ojeda-Aciego, A. Valverde
Venue: Theoretical Computer Science (2001)

This paper presents the TAS methodology as a new framework for generating non-clausal Automated Theorem Provers. We present a complete description of the ATP for Classical Propositional Logic, named TAS-D, but the ideas, which make use of implicants and implicates can be extended in a natural manner to first-order logic, and non-classical logics. The method is based on the application of a number of reduction strategies on subformulas, in a rewrite-system style, in order to reduce the complexity of the formula as much as possible before branching. Specifically, we introduce the concept of complete reduction, and extensions of the pure literal rule and ofthe collapsibility theorems; these strategies allow to limit the size ofthe search space. In addition, TAS-D is a syntactical countermodel construction. As an example of the power of TAS-D we study a class of formulas which has linear proofs (in the number of branchings) when either resolution or dissolution with factoring is applied. When applying our method to these formulas we get proofs without branching. In addition, some experimental results are reported. Copyright 2001 Elsevier Science B.V.
Huffman coding with unequal letter costs
Authors: Mordecai J. Golin, Claire Kenyon, Neal E. Young
Venue: Proceedings of the thiry-fourth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing (2002)

(MATH) In the standard Huffman coding problem, one is given a set of words and for each word a positive frequency. The goal is to encode each word w as a codeword c(w) over a given alphabet. The encoding must be prefix free (no codeword is a prefix of any other) and should minimize the weighted average codeword size &Sgr;w freq w, &124;c(w)&124;. The problem has a well-known polynomial-time algorithm due to Huffman [15].Here we consider the generalization in which the letters of the encoding alphabet may have non-uniform lengths. The goal is to minimize the weighted average codeword length &Sgr;w freq (w) cost(c(w)), where cost s is the sum of the (possibly non-uniform) lengths of the letters in s. Despite much previous work, the problem is not known to be NP-hard, nor was it previously known to have a polynomial-time approximation algorithm. Here we describe a polynomial-time approximation scheme (PTAS) for the problem.
On the longest perpetual reductions in orthogonal expression reduction systems
Authors: Zurab Khasidashvili
Venue: Theoretical Computer Science (2001)

We study perpetual reductions in orthogonal (or conflict-free) fully extended expression reduction systems (OERS). ERS is a formalism for rewriting that subsumes term rewriting systems (TRSs) and the &lgr;-calculus. We design a strategy that, for any given term t in a fully extended OERS, constructs a longest reduction starting from t if t is strongly normalizing and otherwise constructs an infinite reduction. We call this strategy a limit strategy. For a large class of OERSs a limit strategy is computable. The Conservation Theorem for fully extended OERSs follows easily from the properties of the strategy. We develop a method for computing the lengths of longest developments in OERSs. Copyright 2001 Elsevier Science B.V.
Adaptive testing: effects on user performance
Authors: Eva Jettmar, Clifford Nass
Venue: Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems: Changing our world, changing ourselves (2002)

This study examines the effects of interface adaptation on user performance in HCI and CMC. No studies to date have explored the psychological effects of a combination of software performance monitoring and adaptation. This combination is the focus of the present study. Two competing possible effects of adaptive interfaces are presented: 1) Social facilitation, according to which users with high task confidence should perform better, and users with low task confidence should perform less well because their performance is monitored by the interface; and 2) "choking", according to which users with high task confidence should perform less well, and users with low task confidence should perform better because the interface adapts to their performance. A 2 (adaptive vs. non-adaptive) x 2 (high user task confidence vs. low task confidence) x 2 (HCI vs. CMC) laboratory experiment was conducted. Results indicate that for CMC, the social facilitation explanation holds true, while results for HCI were consistent with the "choking" explanation. Implications for the theory and design of adaptive interfaces are discussed
The Unix Companion, 1st edition
Authors: Harley Hahn
Venue:  (1995)

:This comprehensive yet easy-to-follow book details everything readers need to understand about Unix,including the online Unix manual,the command syntax,and the shell. Readers also learn about networks and addressing,electronic mail,redirection and pipes,filters,the Unix file system,and the vi editor. The book includes a multitude of examples and hints,plus clear descriptions of the most important Unix features.
Configuring software, reconfiguring memories: the influence of integrated systems on knowledge storage, retrieval and reuse.
Authors: Luciana D'Adderio
Venue: Proceedings of the 2002 ACM symposium on Applied computing (2002)

The recent diffusion of Integrated Enterprise Software Systems has created an incentive for firms to codify and standardise their knowledge and practices. Codification, and the subsequent delegation of organisational 'memory' to software entails radical structural transformations to knowledge and routines as these are reconfigured in the form of new, computer-embedded representations, which are reproduced across the organisation. We argue that, while intended to improve the integration of data and efforts as well as reducing the heterogeneity of actions and viewpoints across the organisation, the software-induced standardisation highlights existing organisational idiosyncrasies as well as creating new sources of conflict. This holds important implications for the dependability of the wider software-organisation system. Our evidence, based on participant observation, is presented in the form of a case study focusing on the implementation of Product Data Manager (PDM) software at a leading automotive organisation.
Windows 95 Bible, 2nd edition
Authors: Frederick Davis
Venue:  (1996)

:Most books on Windows 95 were released in August 1995, virtually simultaneously with the release of Windows 95 itself. In order to cash in on Microsoft's unprecedented worldwide advertising blitz, these books were rushed to press before the final version of Windows 95 was available even for testing. That means they were based on prerelease versions of the software rather than the real item. Not so with this book. Released in the Spring of 1996, The Windows 95 Bible describes the real world of Windows 95, based on months of using the actual software on a variety of hardware. Fred Davis tells the truth about Windows 95, not the official line.
Virtual Realities and Their Discontents, 1st edition
Authors: Robert Markley
Venue:  (1995)

:The recognition the cyberspace is a fiction--a narrative that creates a coherence it would like to imagine 'really' exists-is crucial to any theoretically sophisticated critique of the limitations of this consensual hallucination and the discontents it imperfectly masks. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
A routing algorithm for wireless ad hoc networks with unidirectional links
Authors: Ravi Prakash
Venue: Wireless Networks (2001)

Most of the routing algorithms for ad hoc networks assume that all wireless links are bidirectional. In reality, some links may be unidirectional. In this paper we show that the presence of such links can jeopardize the performance of the existing distance vector routing algorithms. We also present modifications to distance vector based routing algorithms to make them work in ad hoc networks with unidirectional links. For a network of n nodes, neighbors exchange n x n matrices to propagate routing information. This results in loop-free routes.
Efficient Java RMI for parallel programming
Venue: ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems (TOPLAS) (2001)

Java offers interesting opportunities for parallel computing. In particular, Java Remote Method Invocation (RMI) provides a flexible kind of remote procedure call (RPC) that supports polymorphism. Sun's RMI implementation achieves this kind of flexibility at the cost of a major runtime overhead. The goal of this article is to show that RMI can be implemented efficiently, while still supporting polymorphism and allowing interoperability with Java Virtual Machines (JVMs). We study a new approach for implementing RMI, using a compiler-based Java system called Manta. Manta uses a native (static) compiler instead of a just-in-time compiler. To implement RMI efficiently, Manta exploits compile-time type information for generating specialized serializers. Also, it uses an efficient RMI protocol and fast low-level communication protocols.A difficult problem with this approach is how to support polymorphism and interoperability. One of the consequences of polymorphism is that an RMI implementation must be able to download remote classes into an application during runtime. Manta solves this problem by using a dynamic bytecode compiler, which is capable of compiling and linking bytecode into a running application. To allow interoperability with JVMs, Manta also implements the Sun RMI protocol (i.e., the standard RMI protocol), in addition to its own protocol.We evaluate the performance of Manta using benchmarks and applications that run on a 32-node Myrinet cluster. The time for a null-RMI (without parameters or a return value) of Manta is 35 times lower than for the Sun JDK 1.2, and only slightly higher than for a C-based RPC protocol. This high performance is accomplished by pushing almost all of the runtime overhead of RMI to compile time. We study the performance differences between the Manta and the Sun RMI protocols in detail. The poor performance of the Sun RMI protocol is in part due to an inefficient implementation of the protocol. To allow a fair comparison, we compiled the applications and the Sun RMI protocol with the native Manta compiler. The results show that Manta's null-RMI latency is still eight times lower than for the compiled Sun RMI protocol and that Manta's efficient RMI protocol results in 1.8 to 3.4 times higher speedups for four out of six applications.
Upgrading and Troubleshooting Your Mac(R): Macos X Edition
Authors: Gene Steinberg
Venue:  (2001)

:The magic of the Mac is back! Mac OS X is a truly revolutionary operating system that has great flexibility and functionality. Author Gene Steinberg shows readers how to tap techniques of IT professionals to make your Mac run at top efficiency. Minimize downtime and optimize your Mac for reliability and speed. Upgrading & Troubleshooting Your Mac: Mac OS X Edition is the definitive OS X resource,focused on upgrading,preventive maintenance,and troubleshooting. Loaded with case histories to illustrate common problems and repair solutions,this book covers a wide range of important issuesfrom survival advice for laptops to organizing SCSI chains to overcoming Ethernet difficulties. Whether you're new to the OS X platform or computing in general,or if you're migrating from an older Mac,this comprehensive volume will help you operate your new system at peak efficiency. Get Peak Performance from Your Mac! Hook up and deploy your Mac for home or business useincluding hardware and peripheralsEfficiently run this sophisticated operating system on almost any supported Mac computerLearn the secrets to successfully installing expansion cards and upgrading CPU and RAMAdd system enhancements and diagnose system-related conflictsUnderstand and manage graphic file formats,fonts,and printersIncorporate proven backup techniques and preventative maintenanceUpgrade with FireWire and Network cards,Graphics and USB adapter cards,SCSI accelerators,and video capture boardsIntegrate and optimize system softwareConfigure your modem connection,Web browser,and email account
DOS for Dummies Quick Reference, 2nd edition
Authors: Greg Harvey
Venue:  (1996)

:Wouldn't know a DOS prompt from a doorknob? Need to brush up on some of those seemingly arcane commands? Whatever your level, DOS For Dummies Quick Reference, 3rd Edition, is the perfect guide to lead you through the land of DOS. This updated edition covers practically every DOS command -- from modifying file attributes to changing volume labels -- as well as details on DOS with Windows 98 and avoiding troublesome viruses. With this handy reference, you'll never be discouraged by DOS again! Now you can find what you need even faster with our ...For Dummies&reg; Quick References! The design features tasks in alphabetical order, clear-cut, step-by-step instructions, and easy-to-follow advice. Get in and out quickly and get the information you really need without reading lots of material! Look for IDG Books Worldwide's DOS For Dummies&reg;, 3rd Edition, for even more information on using DOS.
Web TV for Dummies: 3rd Edition, 3rd edition
Authors: Brad Hill
Venue:  (2000)

:Revised to cover the latest upgrades to the system and service, WebTV For Dummies, 3d Edition is a great manual for new and experienced WebTV users alike. In classic . . . For Dummies style, this book explains the user interface and interactive TV. Plus, the book also all the new features WebTV has to offer, such as WebPIP, Web Home, and TV Crossover Links, DVR boxes (digital video recorder) and much more. Author Brad Hill also shares his expertise with new Internet users so they can master the art of Web browsing with their WebTV system. Easy-to-understand explanations on setting up and using WebTV will have users surfing the Net and enjoying WebTV's great features in no time at all. WebTV spokesperson and author Brad Hill explains the set-up process thoroughly but without intimidating technical jargon and shows you how to find the best sites for family activities and kid-safe browsing. Describes all the latest technology available with WebTV, including WebPIP (picture-in-picture), VCR Record, TV Crossover Links, Web Home, Smart Card slot, the infrared keyboard, and video and audio e-mail attachments WebTV isn't just internet anymore - its interactive television! Discover how to interact with news programs, game shows and many more to come! About the Authors Brad Hill (New York, NY) is the Ambassador of Internet Experiences for WebTV Networks Inc., a title well-deserved by this longtime Internet fan. His expertise of the Internet led him to the position of Forum Manager for CompuServe. Author of IDG Books' Internet Directory For Dummies and World Wide Web Searching For Dummies, he combines his witty charm with easily understood advice and tips that'll get you on the Web in less time than it takes to turn on the TV.
Microsoft Word 97: Visual Reference Basics
Authors: Maria Reidelbach
Venue:  (1998)

:DDC's Visual Reference Basics series is designed to help you make the most of your Microsoft software. Newly updated to reflect changes and enhancements in Microsoft 97 applications, The Visual Reference Basics are equally useful as instruction manuals or as desktop reference guides for the experienced user. With illustrations and clear explanations of every step involved, they make even complex processes easy to understand and follow. This book contains one hundred functions essential for optimal use of Word. These functions are logically sequenced and arranged for ease of use. The only thing you need to get the most out of the Visual Reference Basics series is a basic understanding of Windows and the desire to become more familiar with Word.
Toward Machine Emotional Intelligence: Analysis of Affective Physiological State
Authors: Rosalind W. Picard, Elias Vyzas Jennifer Healey
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (2001)

The ability to recognize emotion is one of the hallmarks of emotional intelligence, an aspect of human intelligence that has been argued to be even more important than mathematical and verbal intelligences. This paper proposes that machine intelligence needs to include emotional intelligence and demonstrates results toward this goal: developing a machine's ability to recognize human affective state given four physiological signals. We describe difficult issues unique to obtaining reliable affective data and collect a large set of data from a subject trying to elicit and experience each of eight emotional states, daily, over multiple weeks. This paper presents and compares multiple algorithms for feature-based recognition of emotional state from this data. We analyze four physiological signals that exhibit problematic day-to-day variations: The features of different emotions on the same day tend to cluster more tightly than do the features of the same emotion on different days. To handle the daily variations, we propose new features and algorithms and compare their performance. We find that the technique of seeding a Fisher Projection with the results of Sequential Floating Forward Search improves the performance of the Fisher Projection and provides the highest recognition rates reported to date for classification of affect from physiology: 81 percent recognition accuracy on eight classes of emotion, including neutral.
Virtual machines for message based, real-time and interactive simulation
Authors: Hansoo Kim, Chen Zhou, Hua X. Du
Venue: Proceedings of the 32nd conference on Winter simulation (2000)

An advanced processing machine interacts with the material handling system, personnel and cell or shop floor controller in real-time via messaging and control. However, current simulation models are normally built with simulation software tools that are not designed to explicitly model machine interactions. In this research, we develop a modular design of simulation tools. One of the fundamental building blocks is the virtual machine module that simulates machine behavior in terms of state change and its interface. The modular design offers the ability to interact with the surroundings via messaging, similar to real machines. The virtual machine can be used to help develop shop floor controllers and machine controllers, and to test different shop floor control strategies interactively. Its control console can be used for operator training as well.
Algebra and Trigonometry: Enhanced with Graphing Utilities, 2nd edition
Authors: Michael J. Sullivan
Venue:  (1999)

:Emphasizing graphing technology and business applications, this user-friendly book is the perfect reference for everyday and business mathematics. Solves problems using both algebra and a graphing utility, with the benefits of each illustrated. Uses real data to help readers make connections between the mathematics learned and familiar situations. Uses up-to-date technology including the more powerful features of ZERO(ROOT) and INTERSECT, with minimal use of TRACE. Helps readers quickly identify key points in the book with a vivid new full-color design. For anyone who needs to brush up on everyday or business-related mathematics. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Microsoft Exchange 2000 Server Administrator's Pocket Consultant
Authors: William R. Stanek
Venue:  (2000)

:Microsoft works closely with its customers to develop and ship products that meet their needs. Microsoft Exchange 2000 Server incorporates two years of feedback, and addresses many key issues. Customers have outlined three broad requirements that they want to see fulfilled in the next generation of their messaging and collaboration infrastructure: Increased reliability, scalability, and performance of the enterprise messaging and collaboration platform, and further utilization of the capabilities of the operating system to reduce the cost of system ownership New forms of collaboration for knowledge workers, integration of Web and workflow application design, and a single infrastructure and user model for working with messages, documents, and applications to increase knowledge worker productivity A communications infrastructure that provides access to information at any time and from anywhere through emerging technologies such as wireless communication, unified messaging, hand-held devices, and teleconferencing
Internet Security with Windows NT (w CD-ROM)
Authors: Mark Joseph Edwards
Venue:  (1998)

:Few subjects receive as much attention today as computer security requirements to protect company resources. The Internet and Intranets have brought a whole new set of problems and issues. Readers will learn how to secure their Windows NT system by selecting the right NT security tools and add-on devices. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Sams Teach Yourself C++ in 21 Days, 3rd edition
Authors: Jesse Liberty
Venue:  (1999)

:Learn object-oriented design, programming, and analysis; write fast, powerful programs, compile the source code, and create an executable file; understand the new ANSI standard and what it means to your programs; do sophisticated programming with functions, arrays, variables, and pointers; learn to expand your program's power with inheritance and polymorphism; master the features of C++ by learning from a programming expert; and works with all ANSI C++ compilers.
Soft computing: integrating evolutionary, neural, and fuzzy systems
Venue:  (2001)

Soft computing encompasses various computational methodologies, which, unlike conventional algorithms, are tolerant of imprecision, uncertainty, and partial truth. Soft computing technologies offer adaptability as a characteristic feature and thus permit the tracking of a problem through a changing environment. Besides some recent developments in areas like rough sets and probabilistic networks, fuzzy logic, evolutionary algorithms, and artificial neural networks are core ingredients of soft computing, which are all bio-inspired and can easily be combined synergistically.
Information modeling for single sourcing
Authors: Pamela Kostur
Venue: Proceedings of IEEE professional communication society international professional communication conference and Proceedings of the 18th annual ACM international conference on Computer documentation: technology & teamwork (2000)

Writers often have to create documents for different audiences, for different media (e.g., web, Help, training), for different products, and for different platforms. Single sourcing information can help writers to accommodate all possible uses and audiences. Single sourcing involves identifying all information requirements up front, then developing them from a single source. All information products required by a particular project (e.g., brochures, user guides, training materials, online Help, external web site) are created from the single file, hence the name--single sourcing.In single sourcing, writers break information down to the element level (e.g., section, paragraph, sentence, even phrases and words), then write and compile all elements into a single source file. The power of single sourcing lies in effectively reusing information elements--whether they're paragraphs, procedures, or sentences--over and over again. Information models identify to writers all the required elements, how to structure them, and how to reuse them. This paper describes the process of information modeling, including: analyzing audiences and their needs analyzing information to determine the structure and content building the model both at the product and the element level structuring and tagging writing to accommodate the model