ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
A User Modeling Framework for Exploring Creative Problem-Solving Ability
Authors: Hao-Chuan Wang, Tsai-Yen Li, Chun-Yen Chang
Venue: Proceeding of the 2005 conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education: Supporting Learning through Intelligent and Socially Informed Technology (2005)

This research proposes a user modeling framework which aims to assess and model users' creative problem-solving ability from their self-explained ideas for a specific scenario of problem-solving. The proposed framework, User Problem-Solving Ability Modeler (UPSAM), is mainly designed to accommodate to the needs of studying students' Creative Problem-Solving (CPS) abilities in the area of science education. The use of open-ended essay-question-type instrument and bipartite graph-based modeling technique together provides a potential solution of user model elicitation for CPS. The computational model has several potential applications in educational research and practice, including automated scoring, buggy concepts diagnosis, novel ideas detection, and supporting advanced studies of human creativity.
Constructing higher-level Transformation Languages based on XML
Authors: Daniel Foetsch, Elke Pulvermueller
Venue: Proceeding of the 2007 conference on New Trends in Software Methodologies, Tools and Techniques: Proceedings of the sixth SoMeT_07 (2007)

Based on the experience in the e-commerce domain, we propose a concept for the development of higher-level transformation languages. Transformation is a key factor in this domain as the market requires a fast reaction to frequent changes in the interfaces and exchange data. Moreover, a typical e-commerce system is divided into different services which are offered and hosted by different vendors which results in a complex integration problem. Our proposed solution is based on the operator hierarchy concept which allows to define transformation operator hierarchies containing different levels of transformation operators. The concrete realization of such a higher-level transformation language construction is demonstrated by an application of the XML operator hierarchy concept to the transformation language XSLT. XSLT serves as an example which is employed to provide the elementary transformation operators. On top of these elementary operators the layered concept allows the definition of new higher-level operators, e.g. domain-independent and domain-specific ones. The construction of the higher-level language XML2DSV is presented, for instance. This is a stand-alone domain-specific transformation language, which creates delimeter-separated values (DSV) files from XML documents, on the base of XSLT.
Probabilistic retrieval and visualization of biologically relevant microarray experiments
Authors: José Caldas, Nils Gehlenborg, Ali Faisal, Alvis Brazma, Samuel Kaski
Venue: Bioinformatics (2009)

Motivation: As ArrayExpress and other repositories of genome-wide experiments are reaching a mature size, it is becoming more meaningful to search for related experiments, given a particular study. We introduce methods that allow for the search to be based upon measurement data, instead of the more customary annotation data. The goal is to retrieve experiments in which the same biological processes are activated. This can be due either to experiments targeting the same biological question, or to as yet unknown relationships. Results: We use a combination of existing and new probabilistic machine learning techniques to extract information about the biological processes differentially activated in each experiment, to retrieve earlier experiments where the same processes are activated and to visualize and interpret the retrieval results. Case studies on a subset of ArrayExpress show that, with a sufficient amount of data, our method indeed finds experiments relevant to particular biological questions. Results can be interpreted in terms of biological processes using the visualization techniques. Availability: The code is available from http://www.cis.hut.fi/projects/mi/software/ismb09. Contact: jose.caldas@tkk.fi
Experience and Trust ---A Systems-Theoretic Approach
Authors: Norman Foo, Jochen Renz
Venue: Proceeding of the 2008 conference on ECAI 2008: 18th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence (2008)

An influential model of agent trust and experience is that of Jonker and Treur [Jonker and Treur 99]. In that model an agent uses its experience of the interactions of another agent to assess that agent's trustworthiness. We showed that key properties of that model are subsumed by classical mathematical systems theory. Using the latter theory we also clarify the issue of when two experience sequences may be regarded as equivalent. An intuitive feature of the Jonker and Treur model is that experience sequence orderings are respected by functions that map such sequences to trust orderings. We raise a question about another intuitive property ---that of continuity of these functions, viz. that they map experience sequences that resemble each other to trust values that also resemble each other. Using fundamental results in the relationship between partial orders and topologies we also showed that these two intutive properties are essentially equivalent.
A persistent cross-platform XML-based class objects container
Authors: Michal Bližňák, Tomáš Dulík, Vladimír Vašek
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th WSEAS international conference on Automation & information (2009)

This paper introduces new open-source cross-platform C++ software library able to store, serialize and deserialize hierarchically arranged class instances and their data members via XML files. The library is based on mature cross-platform library called wxWidgets so it can be successfully used on many target platforms such as MS Windows, Linux or OS X. The article describes an inner structure of the software library, used principles, and illustrates the usage on simple examples as well.
Research and Practical Issues of Enterprise Information Systems IIVolume 1: IFIP TC 8 WG 8.9 International Conference on Research and Practical Issues, 1st edition
Authors: Li Xu, Li Xu, A. Min Tjoa, Sohail Chaudhry
Venue:  (2007)

International Federation for Information Processing The IFIP series publishes state-of-the-art results in the sciences and technologies of information and communication. The scope of the series includes: foundations of computer science; software theory and practice; education; computer applications in technology; communication systems; systems modeling and optimization; information systems; computers and society; computer systems technology; security and protection in information processing systems; artificial intelligence; and human-computer interaction. Proceedings and post-proceedings of referred international conferences in computer science and interdisciplinary fields are featured. These results often precede journal publication and represent the most current research. The principal aim of the IFIP series is to encourage education and the dissemination and exchange of information about all aspects of computing.
Models and methods for recovering shape, reflectance, and illumination from images
Authors: David Kriegman
Venue:  (2008)

Recovery of scene shape, reflectance, and illumination are of fundamental importance to computer vision. However, the image formation process involves complex interactions between all three components, making inference difficult or impossible in the absence of simplifying models or prior scene knowledge. Unfortunately, real-world scenes often violate these approximations, leading to biased or incorrect reconstructions. Thus, there is a constant struggle between model complexity and tractability. In this dissertation, new models and methods are presented for recovering shape, reflectance, and illumination which are valid for broader classes of scenes than competing techniques. Underlying all of the research presented is the ability to handle objects with complex reflectance. First, a novel approach is presented for resolving the generalized bas-relief ambiguity which arises in uncalibrated photometric stereo. Previous work showed that the ambiguity can be resolved for textureless objects; however, as shown in this dissertation, it is also possible to resolve the ambiguity for textured objects, provided there is statistical regularity in the distribution of albedo values across the surface. Next, a photometric stereo algorithm is presented that is capable of handling nearly arbitrary reflectance. The main contribution is the utilization of bilateral symmetry in the reflectance function, a property shared by most real-world materials. By explicitly utilizing symmetry, surface shape can be constrained without relying on parametric models; a significant advance over most photometric stereo algorithms which depend on simple parametric models of surface reflectance, such as the Lambertian model. Another photometric stereo algorithm is also presented that is capable of fully recovering the surface shape as well as the reflectance function across the surface. While a few additional constraints are necessary, this is one of only a handful of photometric stereo methods capable of simultaneously recovering shape and complex reflectance; of these, the reflectance model is by far the least restrictive. It is also shown that bilateral symmetry of the reflectance function can be exploited for multi-view shape reconstruction. The method presented handles both textured and textureless surfaces and is capable of recovering surface concavities. Finally, a novel technique for measuring illumination is presented which relies on spatially varying reflectance.
BlueMonarch: a system for evaluating bluetooth applications in the wild
Authors: Timothy J. Smith, Stefan Saroiu, Alec Wolman
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Mobile systems, applications, and services (2009)

Despite Bluetooth's popularity, low cost, and low power requirements, Bluetooth applications remain remarkably unsophisticated. Although the research community and industry have designed games, cell-phone backup, and contextual advertising systems with Bluetooth, few such applications have been prototyped or evaluated on a large scale. Evaluating Bluetooth applications requires recruiting devices in the wild and developing robust software that can adapt to the heterogeneity of these devices. These requirements have limited both the number and the magnitude of the experiments with Bluetooth applications. This paper proposes BlueMonarch, a systemfor evaluating Bluetooth applications in the wild. BlueMonarch emulates a Bluetooth transfer to any device responding to Bluetooth Service Discovery requests; because many cell-phones, laptops, and PDAs in the wild respond to such probes, BlueMonarch enables quick prototyping of Bluetooth applications in the wild, to hundreds of unmodified Bluetooth devices. After we present the feasibility and accuracy of BlueMonarch, we use BlueMonarch to evaluate a content delivery system for Bluetooth. With BlueMonarch, we evaluated our system inside a mall and a subway system; we were able to send tens of megabytes of data to hundreds of Bluetooth devices in just a little over an hour.
Infection-Based Norm Emergence in Multi-Agent Complex Networks
Authors: Norman Salazar, Juan A. Rodriguez-Aguilar, Josep Ll. Arcos
Venue: Proceeding of the 2008 conference on ECAI 2008: 18th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence (2008)

We propose a computational model that facilitates agents in a MAS to collaboratively evolve their norms to reach the best norm conventions. Our approach borrows from the social contagion phenomenon to exploit the notion of positive infection: agents with good behaviors become infectious to spread their norms in the agent society. By combining infection and innovation, our computational model helps a MAS establish better norm conventions even when a sub-optimal one has fully settled in the population.
Decision Support for Mainport Strategic Planning
Authors: Roland A. A. Wijnen, Roy T. H. Chin, Warren E. Walker, Jan H. Kwakkel
Venue: Proceeding of the 2008 conference on Collaborative Decision Making: Perspectives and Challenges (2008)

A mainport is a large transport hub (airport or seaport) with multi-modal connections. Mainport strategic planning develops long-term plans for matching capacity and demand while staying within environmental constraints and achieving financial success. Mainport planning is difficult, since it involves many stakeholders, multiple (often conflicting) criteria, uncertainty about the future, and many potential strategic plans. Many mainport strategic plans have resulted in costly failures, due in part to the processes and tools the planners use. They often consider only a single forecast for the future, consider few alternative strategies, and exclude stakeholders, resulting in plans that quickly become obsolete and may be opposed by stakeholders. Avoiding such failures requires an integrated approach to decision support that enables collaboration among stakeholders. Such an approach requires an effective way to deal with many inputs and outputs enabling the extraction of relevant information for decisionmaking and its presentation in transparent and understandable ways. We propose a Decision Support System (DSS) that provides a way for decisionmakers and stakeholders to quickly and easily generate alternative strategic plans and evaluate them with respect to a large number of outcomes of interest for a wide range of plausible scenarios. This paper describes an architecture for such a DSS.
Formal Approach to Prototyping and Analysis of Modular Rule-Based Systems
Authors: Marcin Szpyrka, Grzegorz J. Nalepa
Venue: Proceeding of the 2005 conference on Software Engineering: Evolution and Emerging Technologies (2005)

The paper discusses a formal approach to prototyping and analysis of modular rule-based systems that are incorporated into embedded systems. To overcome problems appearing during the design of rule-based systems a new approach to the design process, including the new hybrid rule representation method called XTT is presented in the paper. The proposed approach allows to modularize rule-based systems i.e. a complex system can be split into number of modules, represented by a tree-like hierarchy. The approach is supported by computer tools, equipped with verification algorithms that are based on formal methods. It allows for designing reliable rule-based systems that may be incorporated into an RTCP-net model.
Analyzing Completeness and Correctness of Utterances Using an ATMS
Authors: Maxim Makatchev, Kurt VanLehn
Venue: Proceeding of the 2005 conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education: Supporting Learning through Intelligent and Socially Informed Technology (2005)

Analyzing coverage of a student's utterance or essay (completeness) and diagnosing errors (correctness) can be treated as a diagnosis problem and solved using a well-known technique for model-based diagnosis: an assumption-based truth maintenance system (ATMS). The function-free first-order predicate logic (FOPL) representation of the essay is matched with nodes of the ATMS that are then analyzed for being within the sound part of the closure or relying on a particular mis-conception. If the matched nodes are sound they are analyzed for representing a particular required physics statement. If they do not represent the required statement, a neighborhood (antecedent and consequent nodes within N inference steps) of these nodes can be analyzed for matching the statement, to give a measure of how far the student utterance is, in terms of a number of inferences, from the desired one.
Managing Concurrent Engineering Design Processes and Associated Knowledge
Authors: Richard Sohnius, Vadim Ermolayev, Eyck Jentzsch, Natalya Keberle, Wolf-Ekkehard Matzke, Vladimir Samoylov
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on Leading the Web in Concurrent Engineering: Next Generation Concurrent Engineering (2006)

This paper presents our work in collecting and formalizing data about dynamic engineering design processes in microelectronics design projects. The paper reports on our experience in evaluating the design process knowledge acquisition routine by applying it to the real industrial project of Cadence Design Systems, GmbH. The methodology is based on the usage of the ontologies developed in the PSI project. Beside the actual process of formalizing the processes it especially focuses on capturing information about the concurrency among activities.
A Semantics-based Visual Framework for Planning a New Bill
Authors: Carlo Biagioli, Enrico Francesconi
Venue: Proceeding of the 2005 conference on Legal Knowledge and Information Systems: JURIX 2005: The Eighteenth Annual Conference (2005)

In this paper a module able to guide the legislative drafter in planning a new bill is presented. This module aims at helping the legislative drafter to build a new act from a conceptual point of view. Using this module the classical drafting process is inverted: the structure of abill is constructed on the basis of its semantics.
Voltage Sag Source Location From Extracted Rules Using Subgroup Discovery
Authors: Víctor Barrera, Beatriz López, Joaquim Meléndez, Jorge Sánchez
Venue: Proceeding of the 2008 conference on Artificial Intelligence Research and Development: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference of the Catalan Association for Artificial Intelligence (2008)

This work presents a set of rules to determine the voltage sag source location in electric power systems. The rule set is extracted using subgroup discovery (SD). The SD objective is to discover characteristics of subgroups with respect to a specific property of interest. Our interest is to obtain the origin of sag events, upstream or downstream from the measurement point. Voltage sag features registered in electric substations are used as input data to SD algorithm. The SD algorithm used is CN2-SD to learn descriptive rules. Results show the rules extracted can be easily interpreted by a domain expert, allowing the formulation of heuristic classification rules with high accuracy.
Ad Hoc Mobile Wireless Networks: Principles, Protocols and Applications, 1st edition
Authors: Subir Kumar Sarkar, T. G. Basavaraju, C. Puttamadappa
Venue:  (2007)

Ad Hoc Mobile Wireless Networks: Principles, Protocols, and Applications offers the latest techniques, solutions, and support regarding the design and performance of ad hoc wireless networks. This book presents the fundamentals of wireless networks, covering Bluetooth, IrDA, HomeRF, WiFi, WiMax, wireless Internet, and Mobile IP. Each chapter provides relevant examples and problems to illustrate concepts. It addresses quality of service, energy management, cross layer design issues, and recent developments. The book also provides mobility models for multi-hop ad hoc wireless networks and explores various protocols such as MAC layer, transport layer, routing, and multicast routing.
Formal normal forms for almost complex structures
Authors: Xianghong Gong
Venue:  (2008)

We study normal forms of non-integrable almost complex structures in order to develop a classification of such structures. One way of approaching this problem is to try to answer the following question: Given two almost complex manifolds (M, J) and (M&prime;, J&prime; ), does there exist a (J, J&prime;)-holomorphic mapping F: M &rarr; M&prime;? In general, such mappings do not exist. When they do, we say that the two almost complex structures J and J&prime; are equivalent. It turns out that the most convenient approach to the study of equivalent structures is not by analyzing the structures themselves but by studying the vector fields associated to the given almost complex structure. This leads to solving a certain system of non-linear partial differential equations. We show that under certain conditions we can always formally solve such a system and that the so obtained normal form is in some sense the best possible. Using this we develop a formal classification of almost complex structures. We also prove a partial convergence result for the general case using a variant of Cauchy's majorant method for solving systems of partial differential equations. In the last chapter we focus on a particular degenerate case. We discuss the formal normal form and the partial convergence. We also prove convergence in a special case when the formal normal form is the simplest possible.
Hybrid Evolutionary Algorithms, 1st edition
Authors: Crina Grosan, Crina Grosan, Ajith Abraham, Hisao Ishibuchi
Venue: Studies In Computational Intelligence (2007)

Hybridization of evolutionary algorithms is getting popular due to their capabilities in handling several real world problems involving complexity, noisy environment, imprecision, uncertainty and vagueness. This edited volume is targeted to present the latest state-of-the-art methodologies in Hybrid Evolutionary Algorithms . This book deals with the theoretical and methodological aspects, as well as various applications to many real world problems from science, technology, business or commerce. This volume comprises of 14 chapters including an introductory chapter giving the fundamental definitions and some important research challenges. Chapters were selected on the basis of fundamental ideas/concepts rather than the thoroughness of techniques deployed.
Textual vs. Iconic Programming Languages: Differences in Student Performance and Attitudes
Authors: Janet Mei-Chuen Lin, Mei-Ching Yang, Sheue-Yun Chen
Venue: Proceeding of the 2007 conference on Supporting Learning Flow through Integrative Technologies (2007)

Fifty-two sixth graders from a local elementary school participated in this study. Half of them learned to program in MSWLogo and the other half learned Drape. Both MSWLogo and Drape are Logo-style languages except that MSWLogo is a textual language while Drape is iconic. An analysis of students' test scores revealed that the MSWLogo group performed significantly better than the Drape group in the first three written quizzes. However, there was no significant difference found between the two groups in the fourth quiz, the final written test, or the hands-on programming exam administered at the end of the experiment. It seemed that, contrary to common perception, Drape (an iconic language) had a steeper learning curve than MSWLogo (a textual language). However, when students became more and more familiar with the language, the difference in student performance narrowed. With respect to usability of either language, students of the MSWLogo group made syntactic errors frequently while students of the Drape group were often confused by icons that were not intuitively clear or icons that looked similar. Again, the iconic language did not offer advantages in usability to the elementary school students as one would naturally expect. Regarding students' attitudes toward programming, no significant difference was found between the two groups in how much they enjoyed programming or if they would like to learn to program again.