ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
N-variant systems: a secretless framework for security through diversity
Authors: Benjamin Cox, David Evans, Adrian Filipi, Jonathan Rowanhill, Wei Hu, Jack Davidson, John Knight, Anh Nguyen-Tuong, Jason Hiser
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th conference on USENIX Security Symposium - Volume 15 (2006)

We present an architectural framework for systematically using automated diversity to provide high assurance detection and disruption for large classes of attacks. The framework executes a set of automatically diversified variants on the same inputs, and monitors their behavior to detect divergences. The benefit of this approach is that it requires an attacker to simultaneously compromise all system variants with the same input. By constructing variants with disjoint exploitation sets, we can make it impossible to carry out large classes of important attacks. In contrast to previous approaches that use automated diversity for security, our approach does not rely on keeping any secrets. In this paper, we introduce the N-variant systems framework, present a model for analyzing security properties of N-variant systems, define variations that can be used to detect attacks that involve referencing absolute memory addresses and executing injected code, and describe and present performance results from a prototype implementation.
Designing a Self-Healing Approach to Radio Link Failures in Mobile Handsets
Authors: Dibakar Das
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Digital Telecommunications (2007)

In all radio access technologies, starting with GSM to UMTS and others there exist an event of radio link failure. A radio link failure occurs due to degradation of air interface during an ongoing voice or a data application. The action that has to be taken is defined by their respective specification of 3GPP. Normally, the physical layer (L1) detects a radio link failure. When such a failure is found the normal action performed by the mobile is to do a local release of dedicated and signaling links between the mobile and the network which leads to discontinuation of voice or data application. The higher layers are informed. However, this discontinuation can be avoided, if the mobile uses the facilities of multiple radio access technologies (RAT), available to it. The mobile can employ a self-healing approach to continue with application using the services provided by all other RATs. This paper describes such a self-healing system approach.
BAD: a Basic language compiler for the TMS 320C31 DSP
Authors: F. Auger
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 06 (2000)

This paper presents a new programming language for the TMS320C31, which provides a better access to the processor hardware than the C language, and an algebraic syntax of runtime expressions, unlike TI's assembly language. Several examples show the readability of signal processing algorithms implemented with this Basic-like language. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Teaching and Assessing a Data Warehouse Design Course
Authors: Karen C. Davis, Sandipto Banerjee
Venue: Proceedings of the 24th British National Conference on Databases (2007)

This paper describes a course in data warehouse design that includes conceptual, logical, and physical design research. The instructional modes and assessment techniques are described and illustrated. The scope of the course is given via a discussion of the course bibliography; the bibliography includes a workshop report, "Data Warehousing at the Crossroads," created at a week-long international meeting by 18 co-authors. The paper concludes with discussion of a data warehouse conceptual modeling and schema evolution software tool that can be used to supplement the course materials. The tool is part of a larger research effort and we anticipate that it will have educational value for building student intuition and visualising the effects of schema changes.
Virtual shapers & movers: form and motion affect sex perception
Authors: Rachel McDonnell, Sophie Jörg, Jessica K. Hodgins, Fiona Newell, Carol O'Sullivan
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th symposium on Applied perception in graphics and visualization (2007)

An experiment to determine factors that influence the perceived sex of virtual characters was conducted. Four different model types were used: highly realistic male and female models, an androgynous character, and a point light walker. Three different types of motion were applied to all models: motion captured male and female walks, and neutral synthetic walks. We found that both form and motion influence sex perception for these characters: for neutral synthetic motions, form determines perceived sex, whereas natural motion affects the perceived sex of both androgynous and realistic forms. These results have implications on variety and realism when simulating large crowds of virtual characters.
Digital signal processing in theory and practice
Authors: S. H. Mousavinezhad
Venue: Proceedings of the Frontiers in Education Conference, 2001. on 31st Annual - Volume 01 (2001)

Digital signal processing (DSP) is an important and growing subject area in electrical/computer engineering (ECE), computer science and other engineering/science disciplines. It has applications in areas such as: telecommunications, consumer electronics, robotics, instrumentation, military, and automotive fields. At Western Michigan University (WMU), USA, the authors have taught an undergraduate DSP course since the 1980s and started a graduate course offering in the 1990s. While the subject of DSP has become very popular with ECE students and with the growing DSP job market, the subject matter is still considered to be a difficult and complex one for students. The authors at WMU have enhanced the learning experience for their students by adding hands-on experience to their class offering in an effort to reduce the difficulty of understanding theoretical DSP.
Self-organizing feature maps with perfect organization
Authors: L. Owsley
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 06 (1996)

The self-organizing feature maps (SOFMs) introduced by Kohonen (1990) have found use in a wide variety of signal processing applications. The goal of SOFMs is to allow encoding of high-dimensional data vectors in such a manner that a vector's relative position in the codebook is related to the information in the vector in as simple a fashion as possible. One measure of the SOFM's performance in achieving this goal has been proposed by Zrehen and Blayo (1992). According to this measure, many feature maps produced by previous algorithms were disorganized. We review the Zrehen disorganization measure and some of its characteristics. We then show how our version of the SOFM algorithms can accept some simple modifications to produce feature maps which achieve perfect organization under the Zrehen measure of feature map performance. We discuss the emergent geometric properties of resulting feature maps, and illustrate the results using industrial drill vibration data. We note that applying the Zrehen-constrained algorithm to a data set implies certain assumptions about the set's distribution. We discuss the implications of these assumptions in the context of a feature extraction system for industrial milling data.
The Trilinos Software Lifecycle Model
Authors: James M. Willenbring, Michael A. Heroux, Robert T. Heaphy
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Software Engineering for High Performance Computing Applications (2007)

The Trilinos Project [1, 2] is an effort to facilitate the design, development, integration and on-going support of mathematical solver libraries. Efforts range from research and development of new algorithms to proof-of-concept of new and existing algorithms to eventual production use of solver libraries on a variety of computer systems across a broad set of applications. Software quality assurance and engineering (SQA/SQE) play an integral role in the project. Although many formal software lifecycle models exist, no single model can address all Trilinos developer needs since our requirements for rigor change as a particular Trilinos package matures. In this report we present a three-phase promotional lifecycle model that closely matches the needs and realities of Trilinos development.
Collusion-resistant, incentive-compatible feedback payments
Authors: Radu Jurca, Boi Faltings
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th ACM conference on Electronic commerce (2007)

Online reputation mechanisms need honest feedback to function effectively. Self-interested agents report the truth only when explicit rewards offset the potential gains obtained from lying. Feedback payment schemes (monetary rewardsfor submitted feedback) can make truth-telling rational based on the correlation between the reports of different buyers. In this paper we investigate incentive-compatible payment mechanisms that are also resistant to collusion: groups of agents cannot collude on a lying strategy without suffering monetary losses. We analyze several scenarios, where, for example, some or all of the agents collude. For each scenario we investigate both existential and implementation problems. Throughout the paper we use automated mechanism design to compute the best possible mechanism for a given setting.
Experiences with an engineering technology course for education majors
Authors: R. K. Jones
Venue: Proceedings of the Frontiers in Education Conference, 2001. on 31st Annual - Volume 01 (2001)

This paper describes our experience in transferring a lesson plan from a capstone education course on science and technology to a high school classroom. Engineering 491, Engineering Technology, is a new capstone course that introduces in-service and fourth year pre-service teachers in math and science education to engineering problem solving through specific practical applications. The mechanical engineering 2-week portion of the course focuses on the design process using a commercially available computer-based simulation followed by prototype construction and testing. The ever popular egg-drop assignment is used in a project team environment. One year after taking the course, a student teacher used the computer program and egg-drop experiment in a physics class at a rural high school in northern Nevada. The students first used the computer simulation to explore the effects of the various design parameters and then constructed their own devices. Out of a class of 18 students, about half of the eggs survived. We found that students had difficulty understanding the computer simulations and required a lot of hands on testing to truly grasp the concepts of elasticity and damping.
Concurrency Control using Subject- and Purpose-Oriented (SPO) View
Authors: Tomoya Enokido, Makoto Takizawa
Venue: Proceedings of the The Second International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security (2007)

In information systems, multiple transactions issued by subjects manipulate objects in a conflicting way. Conflicting access requests from multiple transactions have to be serialized. There are various ways to order multiple access requests like FIFO and timestamp ordering (TO) schemes. In scheduling ways in operating systems and others, highly prioritized processes are performed before lower ones. In this paper, we postulate that an access request from a more significant subject should be performed prior to another access request from a less significant subject. We define the significancy of subjects in terms of roles assigned to subjects and authorization of roles. In the role-based access control model, a role is a set of access rights. Only a subject granted a role can issue an access request in the role. Here, there are two views, subjectoriented (SO) and purpose-oriented (PO) to order transactions. A method issued by a more significant subject should be performed before another conflicting method issued by a less significant subject in the SO view. A transaction issued by a subject is associated with a purpose, i.e. a subset of roles granted to the subject. A method with a more significant purpose should be performed before another method with a less significant purpose in the PO view. In this paper, we discuss how conflicting methods are ordered in a unique SO and PO (SPO) view.
Gecko: tracking a very large billing system
Authors: Andrew Hume, Scott Daniels, Angus MacLellan
Venue: Proceedings of the annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference (2000)

There is a growing need for very large databases which are not practical to implement with conventional relational database technology. These databases are characterised by huge size and frequent large updates; they do not require traditional database transactions, instead the atomicity of bulk updates can be guaranteed outside of the database. Given the I/O and CPU resources available on modern computer systems, it is possible to build these huge databases using simple flat files and simply scanning all the data when doing queries. This paper describes Gecko, a system for tracking the state of every call in a very large billing system, which uses sorted flat files to implement a database of about 60G records occupying 2.6TB. This paper describes Gecko's architecture, both data and process, and how we handle interfacing with the existing legacy MVS systems. We focus on the performance issues, particularly with regard to job management, I/O management and data distribution, and on the tools we built. We finish with the important lessons we learned along the way, some tools we developed that would be useful in dealing with legacy systems, a benchmark comparing some alternative system architectures, and an assessment of the scalability of the system.
An evolutionary algorithm for constrained multi-objective optimization
Authors: F. Jimenez, A. F. Gomez-Skarmeta, G. Sanchez, K. Deb
Venue: Proceedings of the Evolutionary Computation on 2002. CEC '02. Proceedings of the 2002 Congress - Volume 02 (2002)

The paper follows the line of the design and evaluation of new evolutionary algorithms for constrained multi-objective optimization. The evolutionary algorithm proposed (ENORA) incorporates the Pareto concept of multi-objective optimization with a constraint handling technique and with a powerful diversity mechanism to obtain multiple nondominated solutions through the simple run of the algorithm. Constraint handling is carried out in an evolutionary way and using the min-max formulation, while the diversity technique is based on the partitioning of search space in a set of radial slots along which are positioned the successive populations generated by the algorithm. A set of test problems recently proposed for the evaluation of this kind of algorithm has been used in the evaluation of the algorithm presented. The results obtained with ENORA were very good and considerably better than those obtained with algorithms recently proposed by other authors.
Main Features of the Web Programming Language OPScript
Authors: Vicente Arturo Romero Zaldivar, Jon A. Elorriaga, Mateo Jeronimo Lezcano Brito
Venue: Proceedings of the International Multi-Conference on Computing in the Global Information Technology (2007)

OPScript is a statically typed object oriented language, created to be executed as client code in Web pages. Among other features, the language supports class persistent additions, verbal communication, first class types and the definition of object models in XML. Class persistent additions are an elegant solution to the problem of the stateless condition of the HTTP protocol and also it reduces interaction with the server. Verbal communication makes transparent to the programmer the communication between objects, being them in the client machine or in the server. This feature makes code reutilization easier and makes the application independent of a specific technology.
Color Texture Modeling and Color Image Decomposition in a Variational-PDE Approach
Authors: Luminita A. Vese, Stanley J. Osher
Venue: Proceedings of the Eighth International Symposium on Symbolic and Numeric Algorithms for Scientific Computing (2006)

This paper is devoted to a new variational model for color texture modeling and color image decomposition into cartoon and texture. A given imagef in the RGB space is decomposed into a cartoon part and a texture part. The cartoon part is modeled by the space of vector-valued functions of bounded variation, while the texture or noise part is modeled by a space of oscillatory functions, dual in some sense of the BV space. Examples for color image decomposition, color image denoising, and color texture discrimination and segmentation will be presented.
Bus access optimisation for FlexRay-based distributed embedded systems
Authors: Traian Pop, Paul Pop, Petru Eles, Zebo Peng
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe (2007)

FlexRay will very likely become the de-facto standard for in-vehicle communications. Its main advantage is the combination of high speed static and dynamic transmission of messages. In our previous work we have shown that not only the static but also the dynamic segment can be used for hard-real time communication in a deterministic manner. In this paper, we propose techniques for optimising the FlexRay bus access mechanism of a distributed system, so that the hard real-time deadlines are met for all the tasks and messages in the system. We have evaluated the proposed techniques using extensive experiments.
Generalized digital Butterworth filter design
Authors: I. W. Selesnick
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 03 (1996)

This paper presents a formula-based method for the design of IIR filters having more zeros than (nontrivial) poles. The filters are designed so that their square magnitude frequency responses are maximally-flat at /spl omega/=0 and at /spl omega/=/spl pi/ and are thereby generalizations of classical digital Butterworth filters. A main result of the paper is that, for a specified half-magnitude frequency and a specified number of zeros, there is only one valid way in which to split the zeros between z=-1 and the passband. IIR filters having more zeros than poles are of interest, because often, to obtain a good trade-off between performance and the expense of implementation, just a few poles are best.
Integrality Ratio for Group Steiner Trees and Directed Steiner Trees
Authors: Eran Halperin, Guy Kortsarz, Robert Krauthgamer, Aravind Srinivasan, Nan Wang
Venue: SIAM Journal on Computing (2006)

The natural relaxation for the group Steiner tree problem, as well as for its generalization, the directed Steiner tree problem, is a flow-based linear programming relaxation. We prove new lower bounds on the integrality ratio of this relaxation. For the group Steiner tree problem, we show that the integrality ratio is $\Omega(\log^2 k)$, where $k$ denotes the number of groups; this holds even for input graphs that are hierarchically well-separated trees, introduced by Bartal [in Proceedings of the 37th Annual IEEE Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science, 1996, pp. 184-193], in which case this lower bound is tight. This also applies for the directed Steiner tree problem. In terms of the number $n$ of vertices, our results for the directed Steiner problem imply an $\Omega(\frac{\log^2 n}{(\log \log n)^2})$ integrality ratio. For both problems, these are the first lower bounds on the integrality ratio that are superlogarithmic in the input size. This exhibits, for the first time, a relaxation of a natural optimization problem whose integrality ratio is known to be superlogarithmic but subpolynomial. Our results and techniques have been used by Halperin and Krauthgamer [in Proceedings of the 35th Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing, 2003, pp. 585-594] to show comparable inapproximability results, assuming that NP has no quasi-polynomial Las Vegas algorithms. We also show algorithmically that the integrality ratio for the group Steiner tree problem is much better for certain families of instances, which helps pinpoint the types of instances (parametrized by optimal solutions to their flow-based relaxations) that appear to be most difficult to approximate.
Conformity and dissent in computer-mediated group decision-making: integrating individual differences in social identity research
Authors: Charles Steinfield
Venue:  (2006)

The present study addressed critiques on manipulations and conceptual confusion surrounding anonymity and group identity in most of social identity research. It also relaxed the tacit assumption of the undifferentiated individuals and broke new ground regarding the role of individual differences in social identity processes. Moreover, this study compared Social Identity model of Deindividuation Effects (SIDE) and the compromise view (i.e. uniqueness theory and optimal distinctiveness theory) to see if the latter provided a better explain for some of the social identity research findings that were inconsistent with SIDE. Findings suggested that the similarity in self-representation with others, one of the confounding concepts of anonymity, contributed to amplified group identity even without a salient social identity shared by group members. This study also found that perceived deindividuation and conformity intention showed a negative curvilinear relationship, which supported the compromise view (i.e. uniqueness theory and optimal distinctiveness theory). Finally, this study indicated that personality traits had a stronger impact on conformity intention when there was an intense situational pressure. This research takes the interactionist framework, which looks at the interplay between situational factors---avatar conditions - and personality traits - Need for Uniqueness (NFU) and Interdependent Self-Construal (ISC)---in explaining human behavior. Findings suggested that the relationships between these two personality traits and conformity intention were moderated by the degree of similarity in the way people were represented in computer-mediated groups.
Project ENSAYO: A Virtual Emergency Operations Center for Disaster Management Research, Training and Discovery
Authors: Irma Becerra-Fernandez, Greg Madey, Michael Prietula, Domingo Rodriguez
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Internet Monitoring and Protection (2007)

Disaster management, before, during, and after the event, is dynamic, complex, and ill-defined, and the events themselves are rare and diverse due to the many characteristics that define them. Prior decisions may be thoroughly documented via after action reports, but these may not cover every issue as frequently unique and unanticipated events arise during each emergency. The nature of the decisions, where they are made, who makes them, the data and information resources required to make and monitor them, and the location of available knowledge to drive them may sometimes be unknown, unavailable, or both. This paper describes the research activities of Project Ensayo, which seeks to support and enable multiple research projects investigating processes, functions and structures present at Emergency Operations Centers, including situational awareness, knowledge management, inferences from dynamic data, disaster management and mechanisms of command, control, communication and coordination.