ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Enhanced detectability of point target using adaptive morphological clutter elimination by importing the properties of the target region
Authors: Xiangzhi Bai, Fugen Zhou, Yongchun Xie, Ting Jin
Venue: Signal Processing (2009)

An efficient clutter elimination algorithm will largely enhance the detectability of dim point targets embedded in heavy clutter image. In this paper, a novel point target detectability enhancement algorithm named adaptive morphological clutter elimination which is constructed by importing the properties of the target region is proposed. The consideration of the properties of the target region not only enhances the adaptive ability of the algorithm, but also improves the performances of the algorithm. Experiments indicate that our proposed algorithm on clutter elimination, false alarm reduction and target enhancement are more powerful than some other widely used methods for the purpose of point target detection; thus the detectability of the point target image is greatly enhanced.
Impact of initiative on collaborative problem solving
Authors: Cynthia Kersey
Venue: Proceedings of the 46th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics on Human Language Technologies: Student Research Workshop (2008)

Even though collaboration in peer learning has been shown to have a positive impact for students, there has been little research into collaborative peer learning dialogues. We analyze such dialogues in order to derive a model of knowledge co-construction that incorporates initiative and the balance of initiative. This model will be embedded in an artificial agent that will collaborate with students.
On the variation of the tropospheric ozone over Indian region in relation to the meteorological parameters
Authors: S. D. Patil, B. Thompson, J. V. Revadekar
Venue: International Journal of Remote Sensing (2009)

Using monthly mean satellite measurements of TOMS/SBUV tropospheric ozone residual (TOR) data and meteorological parameters (tropopause height (TPH), 200 hPa geopotential height (GPH) and outgoing longwave radiation (OLR)) during 1979-2001, seasonal variability of TOR data and their association with meteorological parameters are outlined over the Indian region. Prominent higher values of TOR (44-48 DU, which is higher than the globally averaged 31.5 DU) are observed over the northern parts of the country during the summer monsoon season (June-September). Similar to the TOR variation, meteorological parameters (tropopause height, 200 hPa geopotential height and outgoing longwave radiation) also show higher values during the summer monsoon season, suggesting an in phase relationship and strong association between them because of deep convection present during summer monsoon time. The monthly trends in TOR values are found to be positive over the region. TOR has significant positive correlations (5% level) with GPH, and negative correlations with OLR and TPH for the month of September. The oxidation chains initiated by CH4 and CO show the enhanced photochemical production of ozone that would certainly become hazardous to the ecological system. Interestingly, greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions were found to have continuously increased over the Indian region during the period 1990-2000, indicating more anthropogenic production of ozone precursor gases causing higher level of tropospheric ozone during this period.
Argumentation and Persuasion in the Cognitive Coherence Theory
Authors: Philippe Pasquier, Iyad Rahwan, Frank Dignum, Liz Sonenberg
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on Computational Models of Argument: Proceedings of COMMA 2006 (2006)

This paper presents a coherentist approach to argumentation that extends previous proposals on cognitive coherence based agent communication pragmatics (inspired from social psychology) and propose (1) an alternative view on argumentation that is (2) part of a more general model of communication. In this approach, the cognitive aspects associated to both the production, the evaluation and the integration of arguments are driven by calculus on a formal characterization of cognitive coherence.
Metadata-driven software for clinical trials
Authors: Charles Crichton, Jim Davies, Jeremy Gibbons, Steve Harris, Andrew Tsui, James Brenton
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 ICSE Workshop on Software Engineering in Health Care (2009)

The CancerGrid approach to clinical trials information systems is based on a metamodel developed from the CONSORT statement of best practice in reporting randomised controlled trials. The metamodel is instantiated with metadata elements drawn from a repository, to create a model of a particular clinical trial. The model is then used to derive automatically a trial management system customized for that trial: generating electronic case report forms, configuring randomisation and eligibility services, and parameterising the security subsystem. The key benefits of the approach are a uniform mechanism for trial registration and discovery, reduced cost and rapid implementation of information systems, and shared semantics leading to improved opportunities for meta-analysis. We describe our implementation of this approach, and outline two applications: for a breast cancer study in the UK, and for a rheumatoid arthritis study run by the US Veterans' Health Administration.
Improving software quality via code searching and mining
Authors: Madhuri R. Marri, Suresh Thummalapenta, Tao Xie
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 ICSE Workshop on Search-Driven Development-Users, Infrastructure, Tools and Evaluation (2009)

Enormous amount of open source code is available on the Internet and various code search engines (CSE) are available to serve as a means for searching in open source code. However, usage of CSEs is often limited to simple tasks such as searching for relevant code examples. In this paper, we present a generic life-cycle model that can be used to improve software quality by exploiting CSEs. We present three example software development tasks that can be assisted by our life-cycle model and show how these three tasks can contribute to improve the software quality. We also show the application of our life-cycle model with a preliminary evaluation.
Technical Section: Dynamic harmonic fields for surface processing
Authors: Kai Xu, Hao Zhang, Daniel Cohen-Or, Yueshan Xiong
Venue: Computers and Graphics (2009)

Harmonic fields have been shown to provide effective guidance for a number of geometry processing problems. In this paper, we propose a method for fast updating of harmonic fields defined on polygonal meshes, enabling real-time insertion and deletion of constraints. Our approach utilizes the penalty method to enforce constraints in harmonic field computation. It maintains the symmetry of the Laplacian system and takes advantage of fast multi-rank updating and downdating of Cholesky factorization, achieving both speed and numerical stability. We demonstrate how the interactivity induced by fast harmonic field update can be utilized in several applications, including harmonic-guided quadrilateral remeshing, vector field design, interactive geometric detail modeling, and handle-driven shape editing and animation transfer with a dynamic handle set.
Acyclic Argumentation: Attack = Conflict + Preference
Authors: Souhila Kaci, Leendert van der Torre, Emil Weydert
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on ECAI 2006: 17th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence August 29 -- September 1, 2006, Riva del Garda, Italy (2006)

In this paper we study the fragment of Dung's argumentation theory in which the strict attack relation is acyclic. We show that every attack relation satisfying a particular property can be represented by a symmetric conflict relation and a transitive preference relation in the following way. We define an instance of Dung's abstract argumentation theory, in which 'argument A attacks argument B' is defined as 'argument A conflicts with argument B' and 'argument A is at least as preferred as argument B', where the conflict relation is symmetric and the preference relation is transitive. We show that this new preference-based argumentation theory characterizes the acyclic strict attack relation, in the sense that every attack relation defined as such a combination satisfies the property, and for every attack relation satisfying the property we can find a symmetric conflict relation and a transitive preference relation satisfying the equation.
Multi-class image segmentation using conditional random fields and global classification
Authors: Nils Plath, Marc Toussaint, Shinichi Nakajima
Venue: Proceedings of the 26th Annual International Conference on Machine Learning (2009)

A key aspect of semantic image segmentation is to integrate local and global features for the prediction of local segment labels. We present an approach to multi-class segmentation which combines two methods for this integration: a Conditional Random Field (CRF) which couples to local image features and an image classification method which considers global features. The CRF follows the approach of Reynolds & Murphy (2007) and is based on an unsupervised multi scale pre-segmentation of the image into patches, where patch labels correspond to the random variables of the CRF. The output of the classifier is used to constraint this CRF. We demonstrate and compare the approach on a standard semantic segmentation data set.
Complex networks: from small scale to large
Authors: Vladimir Filkov
Venue:  (2008)

We are surrounded by complex systems that can be described as mathematical graphs, and new techniques for understanding these systems will provide advances in diverse fields. This dissertation focuses on how small, local features of complex networks can be used to understand and describe the underlying complex systems, and its three primary themes are the study of many different types of networks (at many times and scales), the use of statistics to verify that our findings are surprising when compared with a random model and the use of many topological features in concert (rather than just studying node degree).Within this general framework, we have developed a number of distinct results: (1) We present a recommender system that uses a network model of the Apache webserver to predict functions of interest to a new developer, and we show that this recommender system improves on two previously published methods. (2) We present two methods to break a network into random modules and show how to use these methods to investigate topological features at different scales in a biological network. (3) We present a description of the theory and fitting methods for the statistical modeling technique called exponential random graph modeling. We show how to use this technique to analyze biological networks and to classify them based on the relative importance of local topological features. (4) We show how to use exponential random graph models to analyze software networks (in the form of the Apache server callgraph) over time. (5) We present and analyze a new network growth model based on the sequential arrival of small groups of already-related elements. Further, we provide a new, more broadly-based measure of network similarity.These five results showcase a number of techniques that can be used to study complex, interconnected systems via local features of these systems, and the three themes of this dissertation are present throughout.
The China-Brain Project: Building China's Artificial Brain Using an Evolved Neural Net Module Approach
Authors: Hugo de Garis, Jian Yu Tang, Zhiyong Huang, Lu Bai, Cong Chen, Shuo Chen, Junfei Guo, Xianjin Tan, Hao Tian, Xiaohan Tian, Xianjian Wu, Ye Xiong, Xiangqian Yu, Di Huang
Venue: Proceeding of the 2008 conference on Artificial General Intelligence 2008: Proceedings of the First AGI Conference (2008)

Prof. Hugo de Garis has recently received a 3 million RMB, 4 year grant to build China's first artificial brain, starting in 2008, that will consist of approximately 15,000 interconnected neural net modules, evolved one at a time in a special accelerator board [1] (which is 50 times faster than using an ordinary PC) to control the hundreds of behaviors of an autonomous robot. The approach taken in building this artificial brain is fast and cheap (e.g. $1500 for the FPGA board, $1000 for the robot, and $500 for the PC, a total of $3000), so we hope that other brain building groups around the world will copy this evolutionary engineering approach.
A visual data mining environment: metaqueries and association rules
Authors: Stephen Kimani, Tiziana Catarci, Giuseppe Santucci
Venue: Proceedings of the working conference on Advanced visual interfaces (2002)

There is a need for an overall framework that can support the entire knowledge discovery process. Of special interest, is the role of visualization in such a framework. This paper focuses on the exploitation of various visual strategies with a view to discovering knowledge through metarules and association rules.
The MWF method: A convergence theorem for homogeneous one-dimensional case
Authors: Carlo Bianca, Santo Motta
Venue: Computers Mathematics with Applications (2009)

The MWF numerical method for kinetic equations was presented by S. Motta and J. Wick in 1992 and recently extended by the authors to systems of kinetic equations. The basic idea of the method consists in rewriting the kinetic equation in a conservation law in divergence form, redefining the collisions as a flux and formally to transform the problem into a collisionless one. In all tested cases, the numerical results are in agreement with the exact solutions but a convergence proof of the method, to the best of our knowledge, is missing. In this paper we present our investigation on the sufficient conditions that the collision operator may satisfy, to guarantee a convergence proof of the method in the homogeneous one-dimensional case. This investigation is of both theoretical and applied interest.
Estimate of dielectric density using spectroscopic ellipsometry
Authors: W. Davey, O. Buiu, M. Werner, I. Z. Mitrovic, S. Hall, P. Chalker
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2009)

The optical dielectric functions for hafnium oxide and hafnium silicate films were extracted from spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements and the density then calculated using a previously proposed method. The values obtained were then compared to those obtained using X-ray reflectometry. The optical dielectric functions for gadolinium oxide films deposited under various conditions were also extracted from spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements. It was found using medium energy ion scattering that gadolinium oxide films deposited using Gd[N(SiCH"3)"2]"3 and H"2O as precursors, contained significant levels of silicon and the silicon concentration was directly proportional to the wafer deposition temperature. This effect was also observed in the density measurements extracted from spectroscopic ellipsometry data.
On PDG-based noninterference and its modular proof
Authors: Daniel Wasserrab, Denis Lohner, Gregor Snelting
Venue: Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN Fourth Workshop on Programming Languages and Analysis for Security (2009)

We present the first machine-checked correctness proof for information flow control (IFC) based on program dependence graphs (PDGs). IFC based on slicing and PDGs is flow-sensitive, context-sensitive, and object-sensitive; thus offering more precision than traditional approaches. While the method has been implemented and successfully applied to realistic Java programs, only a manual proof of a fundamental correctness property was available so far. The new proof is based on a new correctness proof for intraprocedural PDGs and program slices. Both proofs are formalized in Isabelle/HOL. They rely on abstract structures and properties instead of concrete syntax and definitions. Carrying the correctness proof over to any given language or dependence definition reduces to just showing that it fulfills the necessary preconditions, thus eliminating the need to develop another full proof. We instantiate the framework with both a simple while language and Java bytecode, as well as with three different control dependence definitions. Thus we obtain 6 IFC correctness proofs for the price of 1 1/2.
Computational Models For Life Sciences - CMLS '07: 2007 International Symposium on Computational Models of Life Sciences, 1st edition
Authors: Tuan D. Pham, Tuan D. Pham, Xiaobo Zhou
Venue: Aip Conference Proceedings / Mathematical And Statistical Phsyics (2007)

All papers have been peer-reviewed. This conference aims to bring biologists, medical and health-science researchers together with computational scientists to focus on problems at the frontier of computational life sciences. The conference proceedings consists of research papers addressing novel applications of computer, physical, engineering and mathematical models for solving modern challenging problems in life sciences. Topics include image analysis, computer vision, pattern analysis and classification, information visualization, signal processing, control theory, information theory, statistical analysis, numerical analysis, fractals and chaos, optimization, simulation and modeling, computational intelligence methods, machine learning, data mining, decision support systems, database integration and management.
Modeling Multi-Agent Systems as Labeled Transitions Systems: A Unifying Approach
Authors: Walid Chainbi
Venue: Proceedings of the Third KES International Symposium on Agent and Multi-Agent Systems: Technologies and Applications (2009)

In this paper, labeled transition systems are proposed as a unifying approach to deal with the semantics of a multi-agent system. The presented model represents a multi-agent system by a triplet consisting of a set of states, a set of actions and a set of all possible system executions. We argue that notions that appear with different and complex forms in the literature such as possible world semantics, Petri nets, and process calculus can be described in the same formal framework namely transition systems. Besides, the advantages related to the use of transition system based model are enumerated.
Listening to programmers Taxonomies and characteristics of comments in operating system code
Authors: Yoann Padioleau, Lin Tan, Yuanyuan Zhou
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE 31st International Conference on Software Engineering (2009)

Innovations from multiple directions have been proposed to improve software reliability. Unfortunately, many of the innovations are not fully exploited by programmers. To bridge the gap, this paper proposes a new approach to “listen” to thousands of programmers: studying their programming comments. Since comments express programmers' assumptions and intentions, comments can reveal programmers' needs, which can provide guidance (1) for language/-tool designers on where they should develop new techniques or enhance the usability of existing ones, and (2) for programmers on what problems are most pervasive and important so that they should take initiatives to adopt some existing tools or language extensions. We studied 1050 comments randomly sampled from the latest versions of Linux, FreeBSD, and OpenSolaris. We found that 52.6% of these comments could be leveraged by existing or to-be-proposed tools for improving reliability. Our findings include: (1) many comments describe code relationships, code evolutions, or the usage and meaning of integers and integer macros, (2) a significant amount of comments could be expressed by existing annotation languages, and (3) many comments express synchronization related concerns but are not well supported by annotation languages.
Density Functional Calculation of the Structure and Electronic Properties of CunOn (n=1-4) Clusters
Authors: Gyun-Tack Bae, Randall W. Hall
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computational Science (2009)

We have performed ab initio Monte Carlo simulated annealing simulations and density functional theory calculations to study the structures and stabilities of copper oxide clusters, Cu n O n (n=1-4). We determined the lowest energy structures of neutral, positive and negatively charged copper oxide clusters using the B3LYP/LANL2DZ model chemistry. The geometries are found to undergo a structural change from two- to three-dimensions when n = 4 in the neutral clusters. We have investigated the size dependence of selected electronic properties of the binding energies, second differences of the energy, ionization potentials, electron affinities, and HOMO-LUMO gaps. We also have investigated fragmentation channels and charge distributions.
Communication-efficient three-party protocols for authentication and key agreement
Authors: Tian-Fu Lee, Jenn-Long Liu, Mei-Jiun Sung, Shiueng-Bien Yang, Chia-Mei Chen
Venue: Computers Mathematics with Applications (2009)

Encrypted key exchange (EKE) authentication approaches are very important for secure communicating over public networks. In order to solve the security weaknesses three-party EKE, Yeh et al. [H.T. Yeh, H.M. Sun, T. Hwang, Efficient three-party authentication and key agreement protocols resistant to password guessing attacks, Information Science and Engineering 19 (6) (2003) 1059-1070.] proposed two secure and efficient three-party EKE protocols. Based on the protocol developed by Yeh et al., two improved EKE protocols for authentication and key agreement are proposed in this study. The computational costs of the proposed protocols are the same as those of the protocols of Yeh et al. However, the numbers of messages in the communication are fewer than those of the protocols of Yeh et al. Furthermore, the round efficient versions of our proposed protocols are also described.
A Domain-Specific Knowledge Space Creation Process for Semantic Associative Search
Authors: Minoru Kawamoto, Yasushi Kiyoki
Venue: Proceeding of the 2009 conference on Information Modelling and Knowledge Bases XX (2009)

This paper presents a multiple knowledge spaces creation process for domain oriented semantic associative search. We have presented a generation method of semantic associative search spaces for domain-specific research areas. This process enables database managers and experts of the specific domain to collaborate in constructing semantic search spaces with domain-oriented knowledge. Domain-specific knowledge space creation is essentially important to obtain appropriate knowledge from expert-level document repositories. This paper presents the implementation process for knowledge space creation and the software environment for supporting collaboration work between database managers and domain experts.
A Decorrelating-MRC Based Space---Time Multiuser Receiver for Time-Hopping UWB System
Authors: Wei-Chiang Wu
Venue: Wireless Personal Communications: An International Journal (2009)

In this paper, we propose a two-stage linear multiuser detector (LMD) for ultra wideband (UWB) multiple single-input multi-output (M-SIMO) system and multipath fading environment. Time-hopping (TH) and antipodal pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) are employed for the multiple access system. The decorrelating detector is first employed at the front end of each receive antenna to eliminate the multi-user interference (MUI), then a set of maximum-ratio-combiners (MRC) are proceeded to maximize the signal-to-noise power ratio (SNR) for each user. Since the channel information is crucial for the Decorrelating-MRC (D-MRC) receiver, we develop a subspace-based blind M-SIMO channel estimation method. The effect of channel estimation error on system performance is extensively evaluated. It is also verified from the analytical and numerical results that by exploiting both spatial and temporal diversities, the D-MRC receiver dramatically improves system performance even without additional coding. Moreover, we demonstrate that both the D-MRC receiver and subspace-based blind channel estimator are computationally feasible and near-far resistant.