ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Minitrack: E-Government Infrastructure and Interoperability
Authors: Marijn Janssen, Ralf Klischewski, Haluk Demirkan
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (2007)

The fulfillment of e-Government visions is dependent of and leads to increased vertical and horizontal integration of government operations and services. E-government leverages the IT infrastructures to create new kinds of applications and services. A poorly designed infrastructure can block interoperability and severely hinder the migration towards e-government. E-Government information systems (EGIS) are increasingly interlinked using the physical network infrastructure. In addition, the IT infrastructure contains more and more services for supporting interoperability and communication. The demand for communication and collaboration between organizations as well as interoperability among systems is steadily increasing. Therefore, business processes and supporting IT infrastructures need to be enhanced, redesigned, streamlined, interfaced, and integrated across various governmental levels and branches presumably leading to gains in internal effectiveness and efficiency as well as to improved internal and external services.
Nonseparable sampling theorems for two-dimensional signals
Authors: Yuan-Pei Lin
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 03 (1996)

It is well-known that continuous time bandlimited signals can be sampled without creating aliasing if the sampling period is small enough. It is also known that if x(t) is a bandpass signal, the passbands of X(/spl Omega/) must be located properly for alias-free maximal sampling. Similar situations arise in discrete time case. This paper addresses these issues for two-dimensional (2D) one- and two-parallelogram signals, which are respectively the classes of 2D signals (continuous or discrete time) whose Fourier transforms have supports consisting of one and two parallelograms. In this paper, we derive necessary and sufficient conditions such that a one- or two-parallelogram signal (continuous and discrete time) allows maximal alias-free sampling.
Partially Observed Inventory Systems: The Case of Zero-Balance Walk
Authors: Alain Bensoussan, Metin C¸akanyildirim, Suresh P. Sethi
Venue: SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization (2007)

In many inventory control contexts, inventory levels are only partially (i.e., not fully) observed. This may be due to nonobservation of demand, spoilage, misplacement, or theft of inventory. We study a partially observed inventory system where the demand is not observed, inventory level is noticed when it reaches zero, the unmet demand is lost, and replenishment orders must be decided so as to minimize the total discounted costs over an infinite horizon. This problem has an infinite-dimensional state space, and for it we establish the existence of a feedback policy when single-period costs are bounded or when the discount factor is sufficiently small. We also provide an approximately optimal feedback policy that uses a finite state representation.
Where's the proof? A review of literature on effectiveness of information technology in education
Authors: M. Kadiyala
Venue: Proceedings of the 28th Annual Frontiers in Education - Volume 01 (1998)

Often heard at engineering educational conferences is the plea, "where's the proof that use of information technology really works?" No single study can produce convincing evidence because in learning-teaching experiments there exist many confounding factors even in the best-designed study. Only sifting through the great amount of information can one find the patterns. The authors' review summarizes the research findings on computer assisted instruction over the past fifteen years. Many of the studies are themselves reviews and meta-analyses, which cover hundreds of studies, over approximately 2180 studies either directly or indirectly. Their interest is to gather hard, statistical evidence about the use of information technology for better learning, time on tasks, costs and learner/teacher attitudes. Research strongly supports the use of technology as a catalyst for improving the learning environment. Educational technology has been shown to stimulate more interactive teaching, effective grouping of students, and cooperative learning. A few studies, which estimated the cost effectiveness, reported time saving of about 30%. At first, professors can be expected to struggle with the change brought about by technology. However, they will adopt adapt, and eventually learn to use technology effortlessly and creatively.
A Component Framework for Document-Centric Network Processing
Authors: Ichiro Satoh
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 International Symposium on Applications and the Internet (2007)

A component framework for defining content-based network processing is presented. It is unique among other existing approaches because it enables contents to naturally define their own processing and end-users to easily define network processing. By using it, we can dynamically make an enriched document as a nested composition of software components corresponding to various content, e.g., text, images, and windows. It enables each component or document to migrate over a network under its own control by using mobile agent technology. Moreover, it introduces components as carriers or forwarders because it enables them to carry or transmit other components as first class objects to other locations. It offers several basic operations for network processing, e.g., forwarding, duplication, and synchronization. It allows end-users to easily define their own content-based or application-specific network processing by assembling these components in through GUI manipulations. This paper describes the framework and its implementation, which currently uses Java as the implementation language as well as a component development language, and then illustrates several interesting applications that demonstrate its utility and flexibility.
Quaternion color texture segmentation
Authors: Lilong Shi, Brian Funt
Venue: Computer Vision and Image Understanding (2007)

The quaternion representation of color is shown here to be effective in the context of segmenting color images into regions of similar color texture. The advantage of using quaternion arithmetic is that a color can be represented and analyzed as a single entity. A low-dimensional basis for the color textures found in a given image is derived via quaternion principal component analysis (QPCA) of a training set of color texture samples. A color texture sample is then projected onto this basis to obtain a concise (single quaternion) description of the texture. To handle the large amount of training data, QPCA is extended to incremental QPCA. The power of the proposed quaternion color texture representation is demonstrated by its use in an unsupervised segmentation algorithm that successfully divides an image into regions on basis of texture.
Balanced max 2-sat might not be the hardest
Authors: Per Austrin
Venue: Proceedings of the thirty-ninth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing (2007)

We show that, assuming the Unique Games Conjecture, it is NP-hard to approximate MAX2SAT within αLLZ-+ε, where 0.9401 < αLLZ- < 0.9402 is the believed approximation ratio of the algorithm of Lewin, Livnat and Zwick [28]. This result is surprising considering the fact that balanced instances of MAX2SAT, i.e., instances where each variable occurs positively and negatively equally often, can be approximated within 0.9439. In particular, instances in which roughly 68% of the literals are unnegated variables and 32% are negated appear less amenable to approximation than instances where the ratio is 50% - 50%.
Selecting Power-Optimal SBST Routines for On-Line Processor Testing
Authors: A. Merentitis, N. Kranitis, A. Paschalis, D. Gizopoulos
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th IEEE European Test Symposium (2007)

Software-Based Self-Test (SBST) has emerged as an effective strategy for on-line testing of processors integrated in non-safety critical embedded system applications. Among the most popular applications falling in this category are the various mobile devices. However, in-field testing of processors integrated in mobile devices has the extra requirement of minimum energy consumption, since these devices are operating on battery. In this paper initially we present the parameters contributing to energy consumption in order to set the scope of the problem and make a qualitative analysis about the efficiency of the SBST routines from a low energy perspective. Then we propose a power evaluation framework based on a combination of tools from the testing and computer architecture technical areas. Utilizing this framework we evaluate for the first time the most effective structural SBST strategies in terms of energy consumption for three representative processor configurations, showing the validity of our analysis. Finally, the SBST strategies are combined and an appropriate strategy for each processor component is selected, in order to minimize overall energy consumption during on-line testing up to an order of magnitude between the best and worst case combination of test routines.
Gestural hyper instrument collaboration with generative computation for real time creativity
Authors: Kirsty Beilharz, Sam Ferguson
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th ACM SIGCHI conference on Creativity cognition (2007)

This paper describes the performance, mapping, transformation and representation phases of a model for gesture-triggered musical creativity. These phases are articulated in an example creative environment, Hyper-Shaku (Border-Crossing), an audio-visually augmented shakuhachi performance to demonstrate the adaptive, empathetic response of the generative systems. The shakuhachi is a Japanese traditional end-blown bamboo Zen flute. Its 5 holes and simple construction require subtle and complex gestural movements to produce its diverse range of pitches, vibrato and pitch inflections, making it an ideal candidate for gesture capture. The environment uses computer vision, gesture sensors and computer listening to process and generate electronic music and visualization in real time response to the live performer. The integration of looming auditory motion and Neural Oscillator Network (NOSC) generative modules are implemented in this example.
Design and implementation of verifiable audit trails for a versioning file system
Authors: Zachary N. J. Peterson, Randal Burns, Giuseppe Ateniese, Stephen Bono
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th USENIX conference on File and Storage Technologies (2007)

We present constructs that create, manage, and verify digital audit trails for versioning file systems. Based upon a small amount of data published to a third party, a file system commits to a version history. At a later date, an auditor uses the published data to verify the contents of the file system at any point in time. Digital audit trails create an analog of the paper audit process for file data, helping to meet the requirements of electronic records legislation. Our techniques address the I/O and computational efficiency of generating and verifying audit trails, the aggregation of audit information in directory hierarchies, and independence to file system architectures.
AM-FM separation using auditory-motivated filters
Authors: T. F. Quatieri
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 02 (1996)

A new approach to the joint estimation of sine-wave amplitude modulation (AM) and frequency modulation (FM) is presented based on the transduction of frequency modulation into amplitude modulation by digital filters, being motivated by the hypothesis that the auditory front end uses a similar transduction mechanism in measuring sine-wave FM. An AM-FM estimation algorithm is derived which uses the amplitude envelope of the output of two transduction filters of piecewise-linear spectral shape. The piecewise-linear constraint is then relaxed, allowing a wider class of transduction filters for AM-FM separation. The particular class of Gaussian filters is shown to yield a closed form solution to AM-FM estimation. Solution stability analysis and error evaluation are performed, and the FM transduction method is shown to typically compare favorably with the Teager energy operator and the Hilbert transform for AM-FM estimation. Finally, the amenability of cochlear gammatone-filter pairs to separate AM and FM is demonstrated.
Semantically Annotating a Web Service
Authors: Kunal Verma, Amit Sheth
Venue: IEEE Internet Computing (2007)

In the past few years, service-oriented architecture (SOA) has transitioned from a partially formed vision into a widely implemented paradigm, with Web services (WS) being the forerunners to implementing SOA-based solutions. But even though the current trend is to use Web services' standards-based nature to establish static connections between various components, businesses are starting to explore dynamic valueadded propositions, such as reuse, interoperability, and agility.
Identification of ground targets from sequential HRR radar signatures
Authors: Xuejun Liao
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2001. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 05 (2001)

An approach to identifying ground targets from sequential high-range-resolution (HRR) radar signatures is presented. A hidden Markov model (HMM) is employed to model the sequential information contained in multi-aspect target signatures. Dominant range-amplitude features are extracted via RELAX for dimension reduction. A new distance measure is incorporated into the HMM to allow a direct matching operation in the feature domain without requiring interpolation. The approach is applied to the dataset of ten MSTAR targets and is shown to yield an average identification rate of 90.3% using sequential information from 6 degree angular spans.
Image Denoising Method Using Diffusion Equation and Edge Map Estimated with K-Means Clustering Algorithm
Authors: Woong Hee Kim, Thomas Sikora
Venue: Proceedings of the Eight International Workshop on Image Analysis for Multimedia Interactive Services (2007)

The purpose of noise filtering is to preserve features such as edge or corners, and to reduce noise. However, it is difficult to preserve them after noise filtering, because most of noise filtering algorithms have the characteristic of low pass filter, which results in the loss of signal components with high frequencies like edge or corners. Noise filtering methods using diffusion equation try to solve this problem, and improve it to some extent. Edge detector has been used in filtering methods with diffusion equation to determine the speed of diffusion term, so the performance of them depends on the edge detection algorithm to some extent. Previous noise filtering approaches of diffusion equation use a simple gradient edge detector to determine the speed of diffusion. Also, each channel of color images are filtered separately, which result in the filtered image with distortion or blurring. In this paper, we propose a new noise filtering method for color images using diffusion equation and edge map estimated with K-means clustering algorithm together.
New Changhee q-Euler numbers and polynomials associated with p-adic q-integrals
Authors: Taekyun Kim, Seog-Hoon Rim
Venue: Computers Mathematics with Applications (2007)

Using non-archimedean q-integrals on Z"p defined in [T. Kim, On a q-analogue of the p-adic log gamma functions and related integrals, J. Number Theory 76 (1999) 320-329; T. Kim, q-Volkenborn integration, Russ. J. Math. Phys. 9 (2002) 288-299], we define new Changhee q-Euler polynomials and numbers which are different from those of Kim [T. Kim, p-adic q-integrals associated with the Changhee-Barnes' q-Bernoulli polynomials, Integral Transforms Spec. Funct. 15 (2004) 415-420] and Carlitz [L. Carlitz, q-Bernoulli and Eulerian numbers, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 76 (1954) 332-350]. We define generating functions of multiple q-Euler numbers and polynomials. Furthermore we construct a multivariate Hurwitz type zeta function which interpolates the multivariate q-Euler numbers or polynomials at negative integers.
Experience with EMERALD to date
Authors: Peter G. Neumann, Phillip A. Porras
Venue: Proceedings of the 1st conference on Workshop on Intrusion Detection and Network Monitoring - Volume 1 (1999)

After summarizing the EMERALD architecture and the evolutionary process from which EMERALD has evolved, this paper focuses on our experience to date in designing, implementing, and applying EMERALD to various types of anomalies and misuse. The discussion addresses the fundamental importance of good software engineering practice and the importance of the system architecture - in attaining detectability, interoperability, general applicability, and future evolvability. It also considers the importance of correlation among distributed and hierarchical instances of EMERALD, and needs for additional detection and analysis components.
XML-based Exploitation of Region of Interest Scalability in Scalable Video Coding
Authors: Davy De Schrijver, Wesley De Neve, Davy Van Deursen, Yves Dhondt, Rik Van de Walle
Venue: Proceedings of the Eight International Workshop on Image Analysis for Multimedia Interactive Services (2007)

The use of Regions Of Interest (ROIs) is a useful concept for many application scenarios, especially for those applications that are deployed in heterogeneous multimedia environments. In this paper, we show how Flexible Macroblock Ordering can be used in the scalable extension of the H.264/AVC specification in order to define the ROIs in the coded bitstream. Furthermore, we introduce an XML-driven adaptation framework based on the MPEG-21 Bitstream Syntax Description Language in order to implement the ROI extraction process. This framework gives us the opportunity to adapt scalable bitstreams by using an engine that has no knowledge of the underlying coding format. From the performance analysis of our adaptation framework, we can conclude that the ROIs can be extracted in the XML domain and that the ROIs in the adapted bitstream are still intact without quality degradation. Furthermore, the traditional drifting problem caused by the ROI extraction can be neglected. Finally, we show that the adaptation process in the XML domain can be executed in real time.
A verification system for transient response of analog circuits
Authors: Tathagato Rai Dastidar, P. P. Chakrabarti
Venue: ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems (TODAES) (2007)

We present a method for application of formal techniques like model checking and equivalence checking for validation of the transient response of nonlinear analog circuits. We propose a temporal logic called Ana CTL (computational tree logic for analog circuit verification) which is suitable for specifying properties specific to analog circuits. The application of Ana CTL for validation of transient behavior of arbitrarily nonlinear analog circuits is presented. The transient response of a circuit under all possible input waveforms is represented as a finite state machine (FSM), by bounding and discretizing the continuous state space of an analog circuit. We have developed algorithms to run Ana CTL queries on this discretized model using search-based methods which reduce the runtime considerably by avoiding creation of the whole FSM. The application of these methods on several real-life analog circuits is presented and we show that this system is a useful aid for detecting and debugging early design errors. We also present methods for checking the equivalence of transient response of two analog circuits. The behavior of two different analog circuits can rarely be exactly similar. Hence, we introduce a notion of approximate equivalence. A query language for checking different notions of user-definable approximate equivalence is presented which extends the syntax of the Ana CTL model checking language. In its extended form, Ana CTL can be used combining model checking with equivalence checking.
Image-based material editing
Authors: Erik Reinhard
Venue:  (2006)

Photo editing software allows digital images to be blurred, warped or re-colored at the touch of a button. However, it is not currently possible to change the material appearance of an object except by painstakingly painting over the appropriate pixels. Here we present a set of methods for automatically replacing one material with another, completely different material, starting with only a single high dynamic range image, and an alpha matte specifying the object. Our approach exploits the fact that human vision is surprisingly tolerant of certain (sometimes enormous) physical inaccuracies. Thus, it may be possible to produce a visually compelling illusion of material transformations, without fully reconstructing the lighting or geometry. We employ a range of algorithms depending on the target material. First, an approximate depth map is derived from the image intensities using bilateral filters. The resulting surface normals are then used to map data onto the surface of the object to specify its material appearance. To create transparent or translucent materials, the mapped data are derived from the object&rsquo;s background. To create textured materials, the mapped data are a texture map. The surface normals can also be used to apply arbitrary bidirectional reflectance distribution functions to the surface, allowing us to simulate a wide range of materials. To facilitate the process of material editing, we generate the HDR image with a novel algorithm, that is robust against noise in individual exposures. This ensures that any noise, which would possibly have affected the shape recovery of the objects adversely, will be removed. We also present an algorithm to automatically generate alpha mattes. This algorithm requires as input two images---one where the object is in focus, and one where the background is in focus---and then automatically produces an approximate matte, indicating which pixels belong to the object. The result is then improved by a second algorithm to generate an accurate alpha matte, which can be given as input to our material editing techniques.