ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Logic in computer science: tool-based modeling and reasoning about systems
Authors: M. Huth
Venue: Proceedings of the 30th Annual Frontiers in Education - Volume 01 (2000)

Recent years have brought about the development of powerful tools for verifying specifications of hardware and software systems. By now, major companies, such as Intel, IBM, AT&T, Siemens, and BT have realized the impact and importance of such tools in their own design and implementation processes as a means of coping with the ever-increasing complexity of chip and software designs. This necessitates the availability of a basic formal training that allows undergraduate students to gain sufficient proficiency in using and reasoning with such tool-animated frameworks. We present an existing course, "Logical Foundations of Programming", that aims at meeting these educational goals. After describing inherent challenges that such a course faces, we then evaluate this course in the larger context of what logical frameworks, if any, should be taught and where they may be placed in a computer science related undergraduate curriculum.
Event Structure Spans for Nondeterministic Dataflow
Authors: Lucy Saunders-Evans, Glynn Winskel
Venue: Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science (ENTCS) (2007)

A compositional semantics for nondeterministic dataflow processes is described using spans of event structures; such a span describes a computation between datatypes, themselves represented by event structures, as itself an event structure. The spans of event structures represent certain profunctors (a generalisation of relations) used previously in a compositional semantics of nondeterministic dataflow and in the semantics of higher-order processes. Deterministic spans of event structures are shown to correspond to stable continuous functions and their semantics of dataflow to reduce to the usual least fixed-point semantics of Kahn.
Session Layer Resurgence: Towards Mobile, Disconnection- and Delay-Tolerant Communication
Authors: Yuri Ismailov, Karl Palmskog, Micael Widell, Petter Arvidsson, YaoShuang Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth European Conference on Universal Multiservice Networks (2007)

This paper presents an approach to the problem of facilitating dynamic and secure networking in a highly heterogeneous environment. The proposed design includes new architectural components and functions collected at a separate layer--the session layer--while leaving functionality inside the TCP/IP stack intact. Following an overview of the approach and the underlying principles, it is argued that architectural changes in system design are necessary for a smooth evolution of the Internet in the future.
A Verifiable Lightweight Escape Analysis Supporting Creational Design Patterns
Authors: Gilles Grimaud, Yann Hodique, Isabelle Simplot-Ryl
Venue: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications Workshops - Volume 02 (2007)

This paper presents a compositional escape analysis (EA) adapted for use in resource limited embedded sys- tems. It covers the full Java language, including dynamic class loading. Thanks to the use of an efficient verifica- tion algorithm, small embedded systems are able to check the EA information of mobile code. The traditional EA is also extended, taking further steps towards full Java pro- gramming support, by adding the support of common de- sign patterns, namely aggregation and factory, in order to allow the use of coding techniques that are usually some- what inefficient on these constrained systems.
A Low-Noise Amplifier with Integrated Current and Power Sensors for RF BIST Applications
Authors: Yen-Chih Huang, Hsieh-Hung Hsieh, Liang-Hung Lu
Venue: Proceedings of the 25th IEEE VLSI Test Symmposium (2007)

In this paper, the design and experimental results of the fully integrated CMOS current sensors and power sensors for RF built-in self-test (BIST) applications are presented. By utilizing a standard 0.18-ìm CMOS process, a 5-GHz RF LNA incorporated with the on-chip sensors is fabricated for demonstration. With the proposed BIST technique, the circuit parameters of the LNA including the dc current, forward gain and gain compression can be extracted while maintaining only negligible performance degradation for the device under test (DUT) at multi-gigahertz frequencies.
When “3” is a Jerk and “E” is a King: Personifying Inanimate Objects in Synesthesia
Authors: Daniel Smilek, Kelly A. Malcolmson, Jonathan S. A. Carriere, Meghan Eller, Donna Kwan, Michael Reynolds
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2007)

We report a case study of an individual (TE) for whom inanimate objects, such as letters, numbers, simple shapes, and even furniture, are experienced as having rich and detailed personalities. TE reports that her object-personality pairings are stable over time, occur independent of her intentions, and have been there for as long as she can remember. In these respects, her experiences are indicative of synesthesia. Here we show that TE's object-personality pairings are very consistent across test-retest, even for novel objects. A qualitative analysis of TE's personality descriptions revealed that her personifications are extremely detailed and multi-dimensional, and that her personifications of familiar and novel objects differ in specific ways. We also found that TE's eye movements can be biased by the emotional associations she has with letters and numbers. These findings demonstrate that synesthesia can involve complex semantic personifications, which can influence visual attention. Finally, we propose a neural model of normal personification and the unusual personifications that accompany object-personality synesthesia.
Atrial fibrillation classification with artificial neural networks
Authors: Sadik Kara, Mustafa Okandan
Venue: Pattern Recognition (2007)

The acquired 72 normal sinus rhythm ECGs and 80 ECGs with atrial fibrillation (AF) are decomposed with 'db10' Daebauchies wavelets at level 6 and power spectral density was calculated for each decomposed signal with Welch method. Average power spectral density was calculated for six subbands and normalized to be used as input to the neural network. Levenberg-Marquart backpropagation feed forward neural network was built from logarithmic sigmoid transfer functions in three-layer form. The trained network was tested on 24 normal and 28 AF state ECGs. The classification performance was accomplished as 100% accurate.
A Spatial Indexing Approach for Protein Structure Modeling
Authors: Wendy Osborn
Venue: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications Workshops - Volume 01 (2007)

This paper explores the use of spatial indices for the modeling and retrieval of protein structures. With two existing spatial indices, a preliminary framework for protein structure modeling that uses a spatial index is proposed. It provides a novel technique for modeling. In addition, it provides additional flexibility with respect to modeling granularity and structure manipulation. It is expected that this modeling approach will lead to new ways of analyzing protein structures.
Montgomery Reduction Algorithm for Modular Multiplication Using Low-Weight Polynomial Form Integers
Authors: Jaewook Chung, M. Anwar Hasan
Venue: Proceedings of the 18th IEEE Symposium on Computer Arithmetic (2007)

In this paper, we extend a recent piece of work on low-weight polynomial form integers (LWPFIs). We present a new coefficient reduction algorithm based on the Montgomery reduction algorithm and provide its detailed analysis results. We give a condition for eliminating the final subtractions at the end of our Montgomery reduction algorithm adapted to perform the coefficient reduction. Our experimental results show that a new coefficient reduction algorithm is indeed more efficient than the one presented in [1].
Hybrid integration of silicon/silicone microsystems: a closed-loop, autonomous micro-incubator
Authors: Andreas G. Andreou
Venue:  (2007)

Since the 1950's, the microelectronics industry has seen a remarkable evolution from the centimeter-scale devices created by Jack Kilby to millimeter-scale integrated circuits fabricated by Robert Noyce to today's 8nm feature size MOS transistors. During this time, not only have exponential improvements been made in the size of the devices, but the CAD and workstation technologies have advanced at a similar pace enabling the design of truly complex systems on a chip. The microfabrication and micro-engineering advances that have made all this possible have depended upon the ability to produce integrated electronic components through rapid, low-cost techniques that yield highly accurate and reproducible structures. Adaptation of these silicon-based technologies together with advances in new bio-material have led to incredible advances in microfluidics through soft lithography of PDMS. These microfluidic devices have demonstrated order of magnitude improvements in reaction efficiency and are changing the standards for life science research techniques. Yet, to truly advance micro-technology for the life sciences, we must move beyond passive structures to devices that additionally possess active functions: autonomous closed-loop sensing, control and actuation. Such devices have the potential to change the state of the art not only in research settings but also medical diagnosis and disease treatment in point of care and field settings.In this work, I have explored systems that do just that. The most promising advances in microfluidics for the life sciences have been in the hybrid integration of traditional microelectronics and passive microfluidics. Through the example of a hybrid microsystem for stand-alone cell culture and incubation, I explore the entire architectural space for design of hybrid systems. I investigate the trade-offs in scaling, design, fabrication, packaging and testing of these systems, using empirical, analytical and finite element analysis techniques, while; taking very careful consideration of the usability and environmental impact of such devices. The approach to integration demonstrates a new paradigm for the engineering of heterogeneous, structurally complex three dimensional microsystems for the life sciences.
Restructuring engineering education in southern Brazil
Authors: R. Carlson
Venue: Proceedings of the 26th Annual Frontiers in Education - Volume 01 (1996)

The paper describes a Coalition Project for the reform of engineering education in the state of Santa Catarina, in the southern part of Brazil. New teaching/learning methodologies are conceived for the academic formation of a professional tuned up to the technological dynamic of his/her time and to the challenges to the engineering profession anticipated for the coming century. The approaches described are the backbone of a project for the restructuring of engineering education, led by the Federal University of Santa Catarina. The project unfolds over three major actions. The first is connected with the election of engineering as a career. A methodology for the search of talents is proposed; it is based upon the Synthesis of Multiple Intelligence and is meant to be taken to high school students as a motivating and probing contact with the challenges of the engineering profession. The second action, that complements the first, involves the early exposure of engineering students to engineering themes and problems during the first part of the course. The study of Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, etc. shall be coupled to an initiation at engineering problems and methods. This kind of approach and its methodology should facilitate the insertion of the students into the context of engineering problems from the beginning of his/her academic trajectory. Finally, the last action should be developed at the level of the applied courses.
The Impact of Irrelevant Information on Estimates of Software Development Effort
Authors: Stein Grimstad, Magne Jorgensen
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 Australian Software Engineering Conference (2007)

Combination of expert opinion is frequently used to produce estimates in software projects. However, if, when and how to combine expert estimates, is poorly understood. In order to study the effects of a combination technique called planning poker, the technique was introduced in a software project for half of the tasks. The tasks estimated with planning poker provided: 1) group consensus estimates that were less optimistic than the mechanical combination of individual estimates for the same tasks, and 2) group consensus estimates that were more accurate than the mechanical combination of individual estimates for the same tasks. The set of control tasks in the same project, estimated by individual experts, achieved similar estimation accuracy as the planning poker tasks. However, for both planning poker and the control group, measures of the median estimation bias indicated that both groups had unbiased estimates, as the typical estimated task was perfectly on target.
Effects of a Fix-Payment Method per Outpatient on the Procedures, in University Hospitals, Turkey
Authors: Tacettin Inandi
Venue: Journal of Medical Systems (2007)

The effects of payment methods on clinical practice are not well understood, in Turkey. In the middle of 2006, a fix-payment method for hospitals was implemented, and 5 months later was cancelled. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of the payment method on the clinical practice in the University hospitals. The data in this study was retrospectively obtained from six university hospital records. Main outcome measure is procedure number per outpatient. The overall mean procedure number per outpatient was found as 12.2. A significant decrease was observed in the mean procedure number during the period of fix-payment method (p¿<¿0.05). While the mean number remained at the level of 13.4¿±¿6.3 during the other months of the year (p¿<¿0.05), it came down to the level of 10.3¿±¿4.8 during the period of fix-payment method. A decrease of 23% in procedures was calculated during the new method. It was concluded that payment model for hospitals was an effective factor on clinical practice.
Cross-course design projects for engineering technology students
Authors: J. L. Newcomer
Venue: Proceedings of the Frontiers in Education Conference, 2001. 31st Annual - Volume 02 (2001)

This paper describes how two classes in the Engineering Technology Department at Western Washington University, Applied Engineering Statics and Strength of Materials, have been linked together through the use of an integrated cross-course design project. The primary purpose of the project is to help students learn to utilize course material to analyze open-ended problems. In addition, various aspects of the project provide students with instruction and experience in project management, teamwork, oral, written and visual communication, creative problem solving, and business skills. Along with the goals and integration process, this paper describes the projects that have been used and the changes that have occurred. Assessment data shows that the integration of the project has been successful at meeting its goals. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Trajectories in Multiple Group Coordination: A Field Study of Hospital Operating Suites
Authors: Yuqing Ren, Sara Kiesler, Susan Fussell, Peter Scupelli
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (2007)

Hospital surgery environments are dynamic and high risk. They require coordination across multiple groups whose incentives, cultures, and routines can conflict. In this paper, we describe a field study of multi-group coordination in the operating room (OR) environment. We studied work trajectories from the perspective of each group involved. Coordination breakdowns at group boundaries involving patients, doctors, nurses, and other staff led to local problem solving, but also to delays and interpersonal tension and conflict across groups. We conclude with design recommendations for multiple group coordination support that would promote trajectory awareness and learning at the organizational level
Resolving the Micropayment Problem
Authors: Mahesh Tripunitara, Tom Messerges
Venue: Computer (2007)

Cryptography-based approaches present a better long-term solution to the micropayment problem than the alternative of restructuring transaction fees.
Design and Optimization of Wireless Sensor Network with Mobile Gateway
Authors: Mukesh Shakya, Jianhua Zhang, Ping Zhang, Mattias Lampe
Venue: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications Workshops - Volume 02 (2007)

Conventional wireless sensor networks (WSN) convey information from a set of sensors to the desired destination by mutual collaboration in a multi-hop fashion. This paper presents an IEEE 802.15.4 standard based low power WSN with mobile gateway (MG) which for some applications has advantages over conventional WSN. The MG centric data communication network minimizes the conventional WSN's premature network partition problem i.e. separation of sink due to exhaustion of certain nodes at the stationary sink's one hop distance. Moreover a tree reconfiguration algorithm and two optimization schemes, multiple associations and hybrid tree mesh topology, are proposed in this paper. The presented approach is analyzed and validated in network simulator (NS-2).
MP&A Mixed Decoding Algorithm for LDPC Codes
Authors: C. L. Ho, Hsu-Hung Yang
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth Annual Conference on Communication Networks and Services Research (2007)

Because the message passing (MP) method is suboptimum and optimum solutions are not guaranteed, we present a hybrid decoding method by combing the MP and the A* methods. We f irst make comparison between the MP and A* method and then show their combined performance. Using the hybrid structure, its decoding gain is the same as that of A method. Moreover, decoding complexity is sl ight ly greater than that of MP one. For codeword length 96 bits and coding rate 1/2 and BER = 10^-5 , the hybrid structure outperforms 1.4 dB decoding gain than the MP method. This improvement only required 1% received sequences to be transferred to A* decoding block. Our newly designed hybrid structure can solve both of the high decoding gain and low decoding complexity while it has the ability to yield the optimum solution.
Minimizing the Impact of Scan Compression
Authors: P. Wohl, J. A. Waicukauski, R. Kapur, S. Ramnath, E. Gizdarski, T. W. Williams, P. Jaini
Venue: Proceedings of the 25th IEEE VLSI Test Symmposium (2007)

Scan is widely accepted as the basis for reducing test cost and improving quality, however its effectiveness is compromised by increasingly complex designs and fault models that can result in high scan data volume and application time. We present a scan compression method designed for minimal impact in all aspects: area overhead, timing, and design flow. Easily adopted on top of existing scan designs, the method is fully integrated in the scan synthesis and test generation flows. Data and test time compressions of over 10x were obtained on industrial designs with negligible overhead and no impact on schedule.
A probabilistic model of eye movements in concept formation
Authors: Jonathan D. Nelson, Garrison W. Cottrell
Venue: Neurocomputing (2007)

It has been unclear whether optimal experimental design accounts of data selection may offer insight into evidence acquisition tasks in which the learner's beliefs change greatly during the course of learning. Data from Rehder and Hoffman's [Eyetracking and selective attention in category learning, Cognitive Psychol. 51 (2005) 1-41] eye movement version of Shepard, Horland and Jenkins' classic concept learning task provide an opportunity to address these issues. We introduce a principled probabilistic concept-learning model that describes the development of subjects' beliefs on that task. We use that learning model, together with a sampling function inspired by theory of optimal experimental design, to predict subjects' eye movements on the active learning version of that task. Results show that the same rational sampling function can predict eye movements early in learning, when uncertainty is high, as well as late in learning when the learner is certain of the true category.
Task-Based Composition of the Context-Sensitive UIs of Physical Environments
Authors: Marko Palviainen
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Autonomic and Autonomous Systems (2007)

In the future there will be more and more physical devices and objects that are connected to the Web and which can be used through separate Web User Interfaces (UIs). The usability can be improved with an overall UI that is adapted for separate physical objects and contexts. This requires techniques that are able to combine UIs of physical objects in a single UI and to adapt it for new physical environments and for rapidly changing contexts. We developed a task-based composition technique to support composition of content and context-sensitive applications. This paper shows how tasks can compose and adapt context-sensitive UIs for the objects of a physical environment and improve the usage of Bluetooth access points when UIs are composed. In addition, a Java MIDP implementation for the approach is presented and evaluated.
Assembling Sensor Networks
Authors: Jeffrey V. Nickerson
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (2007)

Sometimes sensors need to be assembled in response to an emergency. Such assemblage might take a variety of forms. At one extreme, sensors might converge on a single point. At the opposite extreme, sensors might fill in the position of a lattice. This paper looks at solutions in between these two extremes, in which sensors converge on several different locations. Through analysis and simulations, we evaluate the effectiveness of alternative strategies. We find there is a tradeoff: multiple rally point heuristics converge faster, at the expense of a more fragmented network. We discuss ways of bridging clustered networks. This work has pragmatic implications for emergency responders: in situations of high density, single rally point solutions are superior, and in situations of low density time-to-converge trades off with network integration.
On the Cost of Modularity in Atomic Broadcast
Authors: Olivier Rutti, Sergio Mena, Richard Ekwall, Andre Schiper
Venue: Proceedings of the 37th Annual IEEE/IFIP International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks (2007)

Modularity is a desirable property of complex software systems, since it simplifies code reuse, verification, maintenance, etc. However, the use of loosely coupled modules introduces a performance overhead. This overhead is often considered negligible, but this is not always the case. This paper aims at casting some light on the cost, in terms of performance, that is incurred when designing a relevant group communication protocol with modularity in mind: atomic broadcast. We conduct our experiments using two versions of atomic broadcast: a modular version and a monolithic one. We then measure the performance of both implementations under different system loads. Our results show that the overhead introduced by modularity is strongly related to the level of stress to which the system is subjected, and in the worst cases, reaches approximately 50%.