ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Business Integration Models in the Context of Web Services
Authors: William Song, Deren Chen, Jen-Yao Chung
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on e-Business Engineering (2005)

E-commerce development and applications have been bringing the Internet to business and marketing and reforming our current business styles and processes. The rapid development of the Web, in particular, the introduction of the semantic web and web service technologies, enables business processes, modeling and management to enter an entirely new stage. Traditional web based business data and transactions can now be analyzed, extracted and modeled to discover new business rules and to form new business strategies, let alone mining the business data in order to classify customers or products. In this paper, we investigate and analyze the business integration models in the context of web services using a micro-payment system because a micro-payment system is considered to be a service intensive activity, where many payment tasks involve different forms of services, such as payment method selection for buyers, security support software, product price comparison, etc. We will use the micro-payment case to discuss and illustrate how the web services approaches support and transform the business process and integration model.
Dynamic Switching between One-to-Many Download Methods in "All-IP" Cellular Networks
Authors: Oliver Holland, A. Hamid Aghvami
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing (2006)

To facilitate upgrades to software, firmware, or FPGA functionality in terminals, over-the-air downloads can provide in-the-field solutions. For mobile terminals, over-the-air downloads provide a security-conscious option due to the ubiquitous availability of the radio interface as they guarantee that the upgrade will be performed if the terminal is to be allowed to use the operator's network. Ensuring system stability through urgent upgrades, this provides a degree of certainty which has hitherto not been present in other forms of downloads. In this paper, we concentrate on mass-upgrades, as might apply to an OS, codec, or urgent security upgrade in a number of terminals concurrently. We investigate relative performances of a range of one-to-many reliable data transfer techniques. Based on these performances, we introduce a unified protocol, able to dynamically switch between the one-to-many download methods many-unicast, multicast, and broadcast during a file download, thereby achieving enhanced performance of the mass-upgrade download from both user and system perspectives, as well as from the perspectives of other users in the network which have to share the same resources as the one-to-many download.
Review of "Official Eclipse 3.0 FAQs by John Arthorne and Chris Laffra", Addison-Wesley Professional, 2004, $34.99 ISBN: 0321268385
Authors: Neil Karl
Venue: Queue (2005)

Robert Haskins, Dale Nielsen Addison-Wesley Professional, 2004, $44.99 ISBN: 0131467166 First of all, before reading this book, you must realize there is no magic bullet to counteract spam. As the authors point out, “The problem is largely based upon your perspective.” One person’s spam is another’s legitimate mass mailing. Until society—and its laws, regulations, and technology—decides to address the issue, spam will be a fact of life. In this book, the authors set out to advise system administrators on how to combat this adversary. The authors have set up a Web site (http://www.slammingspam.com) with updates, including URLs, errata, and other information. This is to be commended, as the fight will be played out on a moving battlefield.
Experimental Study on UHF passive RFID Readability Degradation
Authors: Jin MITSUGI, Hisakazu HADA
Venue: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Applications on Internet Workshops (2006)

Readability of passive RFID fundamentally depends on the tag empowering. The minimum required power, usually referred to as sensitivity, depends on the chip and antenna manufacturing. The sensitivity affects the readability but it is not the sole determinant of readability. The readability of RFID comprises a number of factors, particularly in the UHF band. This paper proposes a classification of tag readability degradation factors and measurement methods to quantify the factors. It is shown that tag performance change at the attachment may affect the readability. A tag probe, a power measurement antenna at the position of tag attachment, can monitor essential data to comprehend the situation and establish a countermeasure to improve the tag readability. The operating environment, involving reader antenna positions and standing waves result from the multipath fading, is another important factor for the readability. The characteristics of the environment could be also grasped by using the tag probe.
In Computers We Trust
Authors: Ken Birman
Venue: IEEE Distributed Systems Online (2005)

The creation of trustworthy computing systems goes beyond purely technical issues to include ethical, legal, and economic issues. Meeting the challenge of providing such systems will take a broad engagement by the field as a whole.
Incremental Fusion of XML Fragments Through Semantic Identifiers
Authors: Maged El-Sayed, Elke A. Rundensteiner, Murali Mani
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th International Database Engineering & Application Symposium (2005)

Many applications, like materialized view maintenance and stream query processing, construct views incrementally over data sources. This results in computed pieces of objects that need to be merged by fusing corresponding objects together. This problem is challenging when dealing with XML data for many reasons including the hierarchical and semi-structured nature of XML data. Also XML query languages (e.g., XQuery) are capable of performing complex operations and transformations such as arbitrary nesting and result reconstruction. Moreover, since XML is an ordered data model, XML order has to be taken into consideration when constructing XML results incrementally. In this paper we study the problem of how to fuse XML pieces (fragments) generated by incrementally processing XML data into XML results. We consider an expressive subset of XQuery language transformations and propose an id-based solution for this problem that supports XML order. We prove the correctness of our approach, in particular that using our mechanism we can correctly yet incrementally merge XML result fragments. We have implemented our proposed semantic identifiers solution. Our experimental results show that it comes with a very small overhead to the query execution time.
Model-based sonification revisited---authors' comments on Hermann and Ritter, ICAD 2002
Authors: Thomas Hermann, Helge Ritter
Venue: ACM Transactions on Applied Perception (TAP) (2005)

We discuss the framework of Model-Based Sonification (MBS) and its contribution to a principled design of mediators between high-dimensional data spaces and perceptual spaces, particularly sound spaces. Data Crystallization Sonification, discussed in the reprinted paper, exemplifies the design of sonification models according to this framework. Finally, promising lines of development in this area are pointed out, concerning generalizations, applications, and open research directions.
After direct manipulation---direct sonification
Authors: Mikael Fernström, Caolan McNamara
Venue: ACM Transactions on Applied Perception (TAP) (2005)

The effectiveness of providing multiple-stream audio to support browsing on a computer was investigated through the iterative development and evaluation of a series of sonic browser prototypes. The data set used was a database containing music. Interactive sonification was provided in conjunction with simplified human--computer interaction sequences. It was investigated to what extent interactive sonification with multiple-stream audio could enhance browsing tasks, compared to interactive sonification with single-stream audio support. It was found that with interactive multiple-stream audio, the ten users could accurately complete the browsing tasks significantly faster than those who had single-stream audio support.
A safe and efficient machine-independent code transportation format based on static single assignment form and applied to just-in-time compilation
Authors: Jeffery Von Ronne
Venue:  (2005)

The Java Virtual Machine and Microsoft's .NET runtime provide dynamically extensible machine-independent platforms in which untrusted mobile code can be executed in a safe sandboxed environment. This is achieved by using type safe program formats based on stack-oriented virtual machines and verifying them using iterative data-flow analysis. While much research and engineering effort has gone into using just-in-time (JIT) compilation in order to efficiently execute programs in these stack-oriented program representations, comparatively little has gone into considering alternatives to stack-oriented virtual machines that might be more amenable to JIT compilation. Because it eases data-flow analysis, Static Single Assignment Form (SSA) is commonly used in optimizing compilers, and it seemed likely that its use in a code transportation format would also facilitate JIT compilation and type checking. This dissertation explores the potential of compiler-friendly mobile code formats based on SSA, and presents the SafeTSA program representation as a proof of this concept. In addition to using SSA in order to facilitate JIT compilation, SafeTSA adopts a novel approach to safety that replaces verification by using an encoding in which it is impossible to encode programs violating certain system properties, including type safety, and which also reduces program sizes. A substantial implementation effort was undertaken in order to assess the feasibility and evaluate the performance of SSA-based virtual execution environments. This effort included the construction of a front-end compiler (that translates Java source programs to a human readable variant of SafeTSA), a binary SafeTSA encoder (that encodes programs in SafeTSA's inherently safe on-the-wire format), a SafeTSA JIT compiler (that was integrated into the Jikes Research Virtual Machine enabling the execution of SafeTSA programs), and an interpreter for a simple SSA-based representation. The reported experimental results suggest that SSA-based program representations can be stored and transmitted using a space efficient encoding, can speedup JIT compilation reducing total execution time, and can be executed by reasonably efficient interpreters.
Education forum
Authors: Rocky Ross
Venue: ACM SIGACT News (2005)

It's happened to all of us. The moment to log out just kind of sneaks up on us, not paying much heed to any timing of our own. One instant we are logged on, the next instant we're off.
A new general framework for shot boundary detection and key-frame extraction
Authors: Huamin Feng, Wei Fang, Sen Liu, Yong Fang
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th ACM SIGMM international workshop on Multimedia information retrieval (2005)

Video shot boundary detection is an important step in many video applications. Since the rapid development of video editing technology, especially, the extensive use of sub-window in news video, the original method of video segmentation cannot efficiently detect the video shot boundary caused by special video technique. In this paper, previous temporal multi-resolution analysis (TMRA) work was extended by first using SVM (Supported Vector Machines) classify the video frames within a sliding window into normal frames, gradual transition frames and CUT frames, then clustering the classified frames into different shot categories. The experimental result on ground truth, which has about 21 hours (10,250 shots) news video clip, shows that the new framework has relatively good accuracy for the detection of shot boundaries. It basically resolves the difficulties of shot boundaries detection caused by sub-window technique in video. The framework also greatly improves accuracy of gradual transitions of shot.
Dynamic Visualization of Graphs with Extended Labels
Authors: Pak Chung Wong, Patrick Mackey, Ken Perrine, James Eagan, Harlan Foote, Jim Thomas
Venue: Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization (2005)

The paper describes a novel technique to visualize graphs with extended node and link labels. The lengths of these labels range from a short phrase to a full sentence to an entire paragraph and beyond. Our solution is different from all the existing approaches that almost always rely on intensive computational effort to optimize the label placement problem. Instead, we share the visualization resources with the graph and present the label information in static, interactive, and dynamic modes without the requirement for tackling the intractability issues. This allows us to reallocate the computational resources for dynamic presentation of real-time information. The paper includes a user study to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of the visualization technique.
Device degradation model for polysilicon-oxide-nitride-oxide-silicon (SONOS) based on anode hole fluence
Authors: Jeong-Hyong Yi, Sang-Don Lee, Jin-Hong Ahn, Hyungcheol Shin, Young-June Park, Hong Shick Min
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2005)

The cause of the device degradation in a SONOS structure has been investigated with using two different gate dielectric structures of the stacked oxide-nitride-oxide (ONO) and conventional single-layered oxide. It is found that the device degradation behaviors for the stacked-ONO gate structure have different polarity dependence from the conventional single oxide gate, especially under positive F-N gate stress condition. It is shown that the bi-modal device degradation behaviors can be explained by the fluence of high energetic anode hole based on the anode hole injection (AHI) model.
QMP-MVIA: a message passing system for Linux clusters with gigabit Ethernet mesh connections
Authors: Jie Chen, R. Edwards, Weizhen Mao
Venue: Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing (2004)

Recent progress in performance coupled with a decline in price for copper-based gigabit Ethernet (GigE) interconnects makes them an attractive alternative to expensive high speed network interconnects (NIC) when constructing Linux clusters. However traditional message passing systems based on TCP for GigE interconnects cannot fully utilize the raw performance of today's GigE interconnects due to the overhead of kernel involvement and multiple memory copies during sending and receiving messages. The overhead is more evident in the case of mesh connected Linux clusters using multiple GigE interconnects in a single host. We present a general message passing system called QMP-MVIA (QCD Message Passing over M-VIA) for Linux clusters with mesh connections using GigE interconnects. In particular, we evaluate and compare the performance characteristics of TCP and M-VIA (an implementation of the VIA specification) software for a mesh communication architecture to demonstrate the feasibility of using M-VIA as a point-to-point communication software, on which QMP-MVIA is based. Furthermore, we illustrate the design and implementation of QMP-MVIA for mesh connected Linux clusters with emphasis on both point-to-point and collective communications, and demonstrate that QMP-MVIA message passing system using GigE interconnects achieves bandwidth and latency that are not only better than systems based on TCP but also compare favorably to systems using some of the specialized high speed interconnects in a switched architecture at much lower cost.
Dynamic simulation of a national resource sharing computer network
Authors: Ronald Segal, Beverly O'Neal
Venue: ACM SIGSIM Simulation Digest (1979)

A national computer network for research and educational institutions has frequently been proposed as a means for meeting selected computing needs in an effective manner. Although many technical problems remain, it is generally believed that the most difficult issues facing such a network revolve around economic, political, and organizational considerations. In order to investigate these issues, a model of a computer network was developed to test a variety of networking alternatives, and to evaluate the ways in which a network would impact its member institutions.This paper describes the use of the simulation model in a three day gaming exercise by sixteen institutional teams who made decisions about their likely participation in a network that "progressed" through several years of simulated time. Participants were able to interact dynamically with the decisions and actions of other participants, to deal with a variety of network issues, and to explore the relative advantages and disadvantages of various modes and levels of network participation.This project represented an unusual and different application of a simulation game in that it concentrated on the policy and behavioral aspects (i.e., people concerns) of what is usually considered to be a technical design problem. The players were real decision makers, playing themselves as they relate to their own institutions, rather than students. Consequently, it was possible to focus on learning about the implications of national networking, rather than merely demonstrate or teach known principles.
The Naming of Systems and Software Evolvability
Authors: Martin J. Loomes, Chrystopher L. Nehaniv, Paul Wernick
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE International Workshop on Software Evolvability (2005)

Software systems are unlike most entities whose existence, persistence, development, and integrity as single individuals are presupposed by ordinary acts of naming. This paper broaches the issue of how naming practices in software evolution may significantly impact software maintenance and evolvability. We explore how naming in the realm of software is unlike naming of other types of phenomena to which we apply usual human naming practices. Such naming practices have been naively generalized to the realm of software. In the software realm, naming practices have been co-opted for political roles in reification as well as in the mobilization of commitment and resources.
Creating multiplatform user interfaces by annotation and adaptation
Authors: Yun Ding, Heiner Litz
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces (2006)

This paper presents our novel framework, which creates user interfaces (UIs) for a variety of devices by annotating and reusing an existing one originally designed for large devices. It distinguishes itself from previous work by the unique combination of reusing existing UIs, intuitive graphical support and adaptation-based approach. It is extensible by supporting UI developers to build and integrate their customized transformation strategies into our framework.
Semi-Automatic Tracking of the Diaphragm Contour in X-Ray Image Sequences: Preliminary Results
Authors: Takashi Fujita, Ramachandran Chandrasekhar, Bhajan Singh, Kevin E. Finucane
Venue: Proceedings of the Digital Image Computing on Techniques and Applications (2005)

A semi-automatic method is described for tracking the contour of the diaphragm in lateral X-ray image sequences. It is part of a method being developed to quantify diaphragm function non-invasively. Initialization is achieved by interactive segmentation of the diaphragm contour and identification of landmarks. The method relies on modelling the contour using an augmented active contour model incorporating anatomical constraints. The contour is then tracked iteratively across successive frames using reduced-search space dynamic programming. The method has been tested on several image sequences and preliminary results are promising with an 85.3 % tracking accuracy for one such sequence.
An Ant Colony Optimization Approach to Test Sequence Generation for Statebased Software Testin
Authors: Huaizhong LI, C. Peng LAM
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Quality Software (2005)

Properly generated test suites may not only locate the defects in software systems, but also help in reducing the high cost associated with software testing. It is often desired that test sequences in a test suite can be automatically generated to achieve required test coverage. However, automatic test sequence generation remains a major problem in software testing. This paper proposes an Ant Colony Optimization approach to automatic test sequence generation for state-based software testing. The proposed approach can directly use UML artifacts to automatically generate test sequences to achieve required test coverage.
Wireless Security Study Guide: Mediocre at Best
Authors: Austin Gilbert
Venue: IEEE Distributed Systems Online (2005)

A review of CWSP Certified Wireless Security Professional Official Study Guide (Exam PW0-200) by Planet3 Wireless.
Multiparty Proactive Communication in Agent Teamwork
Authors: Kaivan Kamali, Xiaocong Fan, John Yen
Venue: Proceedings of the 17th IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence (2005)

Multiparty communication and proactive communication have each been studied extensively, but separately. A combinatorial approach would be to investigate proactive communication in a multiparty settings, aiming to support effective collaboration by leveraging the benefits of both. In this paper, we take a first attempt along this direction, providing formal definitions for multiparty proactive performatives. Such performatives not only result in an exchange of knowledge among teammates, but also in an increased awareness about teammates' mental states which can initiate additional helpful behaviors.
Mode detection in on-line pen drawing and handwriting recognition
Authors: Don Willems, Stephane Rossignol, Louis Vuurpijl
Venue: Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (2005)

On-line pen input benefits greatly from mode detection when the user is in a free writing situation, where he is allowed to write, to draw, and to generate gestures. Mode detection is performed before recognition to restrict the classes that a classifier has to consider, thereby increasing the performance of the overall recognition. In this paper we present a hybrid system which is able to achieve a mode detection performance of 95.6% on seven classes; handwriting, lines, arrows, ellipses, rectangles, triangles, and diamonds. The system consists of three kNN classifiers which use global and structural features of the pen trajectory and a fitting algorithm for verifying the different geometrical objects. Results are presented on a significant amount of data, acquired in different contexts like scribble matching and design applications.
Support System for Archeologists to Read Scripts on Mokkans
Authors: Akihito Kitadai, Kei Saito, Daisuke Hachiya, Masaki Nakagawa
Venue: Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (2005)

This paper describes a support system for archeologists to read "mokkan". A mokkan is a wooden tablet on which text was written by a brush. Many mokkans used in Nara period (from AD. 710 to 794) are being excavated from Heijyo-kyo, Japan (the ancient court in the Nara period). The support system is for archeologists who read mokkans that have been stained, damaged and degraded under the soil. Such mokkans are hard to read even for expert readers. However, the binarization functions of the system extract ink from the image of the mokkans and the character recognition function outputs candidates even for degraded or partially missing character patterns. We made also a graphical user interface to invoke the above functions, provide experts with suggestions and stimulate their inference. Archeologists in the experiment for evaluation enthusiastically accepted the system.