ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Implementing JNI in java for jalapeño
Authors: Ton A. Ngo, Steve E. Smith
Venue: Proceedings of the 2001 Symposium on JavaTM Virtual Machine Research and Technology Symposium - Volume 1 (2001)

Developed at the IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Jalapeño [1] is a Java virtual machine (JVM) written in Java that targets high-performance servers. The strategic decision early in the project to implement Jalapeño in Java [2] leads to many important advantages, but also several implications; therefore when the Java Native Interface (JNI) was implemented for Jalapeño, we were heavily influenced by this philosophy. In this short paper, we present a JNI implementation that is written in Java. We discuss the advantages and implications that arise from a Java implementation.
Optimizing thermal design of data center cabinets with a new multi-objective genetic algorithm
Authors: G. Li, M. Li, S. Azarm, J. Rambo, Y. Joshi
Venue: Distributed and Parallel Databases (2007)

There is an ever increasing need to use optimization methods for thermal design of data centers and the hardware populating them. Airflow simulations of cabinets and data centers are computationally intensive and this problem is exacerbated when the simulation model is integrated with a design optimization method. Generally speaking, thermal design of data center hardware can be posed as a constrained multi-objective optimization problem. A popular approach for solving this kind of problem is to use Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithms (MOGAs). However, the large number of simulation evaluations needed for MOGAs has been preventing their applications to realistic engineering design problems. In this paper, details of a substantially more efficient MOGA are formulated and demonstrated through a thermal analysis simulation model of a data center cabinet. First, a reduced-order model of the cabinet problem is constructed using the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD). The POD model is then used to form the objective and constraint functions of an optimization model. Next, this optimization model is integrated with the new MOGA. The new MOGA uses a "kriging" guided operation in addition to conventional genetic algorithm operations to search the design space for global optimal design solutions. This approach for optimal design is essential to handle complex multi-objective situations, where the optimal solutions may be non-obvious from simple analyses or intuition. It is shown that in optimizing the data center cabinet problem, the new MOGA outperforms a conventional MOGA by estimating the Pareto front using 50% fewer simulation calls, which makes its use very promising for complex thermal design problems.
Dynamically Re-Configurable Transport Protocols for Low-End Sensors in Wireless Networks
Authors: Kaushalya Premadasa, Bjorn Landfeldt
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth Annual Conference on Communication Networks and Services Research (2007)

Small scale embedded systems and sensors have become a booming research area over the past few years. One of the primary concerns regarding such systems is small scale and efficient code to facilitate small memory footprint requirements and low power consumption. In the communications sector there has been considerable effort put into reducing the scale of protocol stacks and making them more power efficient. In previous work, we have presented a method for realizing lightweight reconfigurable communications protocols based on code division. In this paper, we present how this mechanism can be used to generate lightweight and tailored transport protocols for low-end sensors and compare our scheme with the popular and well-referenced uIP protocol stack in terms of power efficiency.
Volume Splitting and Its Applications
Authors: Shoukat Islam Deborah Silver, Min Chen
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics (2007)

Splitting a volumetric object is a useful operation in volume graphics and its applications, but is not widely supported by existing systems for volume-based modeling and rendering. In this paper, we present an investigation into two main algorithmic approaches, namely, explicit and implicit splitting, for modeling and rendering splitting actions. We consider a generalized notion based on scalar fields, which encompasses discrete specifications (e.g., volume data sets) as well as procedural specifications (e.g., hypertextures) of volumetric objects. We examine the correctness, effectiveness, efficiency, and deficiencies of each approach in specifying and controlling a spatial and temporal specification of splitting. We propose methods for implementing these approaches and for overcoming their deficiencies. We present a modeling tool for creating specifications of splitting functions, and describe the use of volume scene graphs for facilitating direct rendering of volume splitting. We demonstrate the use of these approaches with examples of volume visualization, medical illustration, volume animation, and special effects.
Cellular Array-based Delay-insensitive Asynchronous Circuits Design and Test for Nanocomputing Systems
Authors: Jia Di, Parag K. Lala
Venue: Journal of Electronic Testing: Theory and Applications (2007)

This paper presents the design, layout, and testability analysis of delay-insensitive circuits on cellular arrays for nanocomputing system design. In delay-insensitive circuits the delay on a signal path does not affect the correctness of circuit behavior. The combination of delay-insensitive circuit style and cellular arrays is a useful step to implement nanocomputing systems. In the approach proposed in this paper the circuit expressions corresponding to a design are first converted into Reed---Muller forms and then implemented using delay-insensitive Reed---Muller cells. The design and layout of the Reed---Muller cell using primitives has been described in detail. The effects of stuck-at faults in both delay-insensitive primitives and gates have been analyzed. Since circuits implemented in Reed---Muller forms constructed by the Reed---Muller cells can be easily tested offline, the proposed approach for delay-insensitive circuit design improves a circuit's testability. Potential physical implementation of cellular arrays and its area overhead are also discussed.
Simultaneous parameter estimation and object segmentation from image sequences
Authors: K. E. Matthews
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 04 (1996)

Previously (see Proc. ICIP, vol.1, p.542-5, 1995) we proposed a method for segmenting an image in a sequence of images into regions of stationary, moving, and uncovered background pixels and simultaneously estimating parameters of each region. This previous work focused on the viability of the idea and considered only moving and stationary pixels. In this paper we present an extension of the formulation to include uncovered background pixels and multiple object segmentation. We show segmentations and reconstructed image frames for synthetic image sequences.
Advice Availability and Gender Differences in Risky Decision Making: A Study of Online Retirement Planning
Authors: Clayton Arlen Looney, Robin S. Poston, Asli Yagmur Akbulut
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (2007)

Online retirement planning systems are intended to help individual investors accumulate sufficient savings to support comfortable retirement lifestyles. Although it would seem intuitive that decision makers would choose investment alternatives that provide the highest payoffs over time, individuals tend to construct overly conservative portfolios that yield relatively meager returns. In this study, we explore whether a Web-based decision support system (DSS) that offers advice can enhance decision making by increasing investors' willingness to take calculated risks. Because women tend to be more risk averse when considering financial matters and interact with technologies differently than men, such a DSS might prove especially useful for female investors. A field experiment using retirement plan participants demonstrates that building advice into a DSS helps investors overcome a tendency to hold conservative portfolios. Advice availability and gender interacted such that risk taking is lowest when the DSS fails to provide advice to female decision makers.
HMM-based handwritten symbol recognition using on-line and off-line features
Authors: H.-J. Winkler
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 06 (1996)

This paper addresses the problem of recognizing on-line sampled handwritten symbols. Within the proposed symbol recognition system based on hidden Markov models different kinds of feature extraction algorithms are used analysing on-line features as well as off-line features and combining the classification results. By conducting writer-dependent recognition experiments, it is demonstrated that the recognition rates as well as the reliability of the results is improved by using the proposed recognition system. Furthermore, by applying handwriting data not representing symbols out of the given alphabet, an increase of their rejection rate is obtained.
Collection of Quantitative Data on Security Incidents
Authors: Thomas Nowey, Hannes Federrath
Venue: Proceedings of the The Second International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security (2007)

Quantitative data about security threats is a precondition for a precise assessment of security risks and consequently for an efficient management of information security. Currently such data is hardly available, especially for small and medium-sized organizations. In this paper we discuss different ways of gathering quantitative data and present a new approach for the collection of historical data on security incidents. We propose a platform that collects, aggregates and evaluates data on security incidents from multiple organizations. We identify basic requirements for such a platform and show approaches for satisfying them. We especially emphasize the aspects of security and fairness. Finally we introduce a prototype that shows how an implementation could look like.
A Lightweight Web GUI Specification and Realisation System and Its Impact on Accessibility
Authors: Roger Stone
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd Int'l. Workshop on Automated Specification and Verification of Web Systems (2006)

Developments like XFORMS are supposed to encourage the web programmer to concentrate on the specification of the functionality of the web GUI rather than its appearance on screen. Instead of having the document delivery system make the same realisation choices for every user it could be better to give the user some control in order to fully exploit this degree of choice. This would be particularly important for disabled users. This work shows how a functional specification of a GUI may be rendered in different ways to different users by using personal preferences residing in a user's profile. This extends previous work on profile-based web document delivery. Because the GUI parts of pages are rendered according to their own personal preferences, the web pages become more accessible to disabled users with very much reduced effort from the author of the pages. The technique does not require a specific or modified browser and can be easily implemented using a combination of common technologies.
Projects that integrate engineering, physics, calculus, and English in the Arizona State University Foundation Coalition freshman program
Authors: R. J. Roedel
Venue: Proceedings of the Frontiers in Education Conference,1997. on 27th Annual Conference. Teaching and Learning in an Era of Change. - Volume 01 (1997)

The Foundation Coalition at Arizona State University, USA, has been offering a novel first-year program in engineering for the last three years. This program integrates coursework in English composition and rhetoric, calculus, freshman physics and introductory engineering concepts through student projects. The projects increase in complexity as the term progresses, to keep pace with students' increasing knowledge of science and engineering. The purpose of this paper is to describe the projects, the process used to deliver them and their impact on the learning in this class.
CALS technologies and tolerant translators
Authors: V. V. Gol'Din, V. G. Zhuravskii, P. A. Pravil'Shchikov
Venue: Automation and Remote Control (2007)

Application of the CALS technology at the national enterprises and the problems of translation of one data format to another were considered. Emphasis was laid on the close relation between the translators for various programming languages and convertors of different data formats. It was shown that a great deal of convertors, N (N ¿ 1), is required when using multiple computer systems and applied software packages at various stages of the product life cycle. If there exists a universal data format such as that of the exchange file of the international STEP standard, then the number of convertors required drops down to 2N. An attempt was made to substantiate the possibility of designing the so-called tolerant universal data converter based on the tolerant translation and the binary tolerance relation. The main principles and rules of tolerant translation as applied to the convertors were presented, and the structure of the tolerant converter was described.
Model-based resource provisioning in a web service utility
Authors: Ronald P. Doyle, Jeffrey S. Chase, Omer M. Asad, Wei Jin, Amin M. Vahdat
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th conference on USENIX Symposium on Internet Technologies and Systems - Volume 4 (2003)

Internet service utilities host multiple server applications on a shared server cluster. A key challenge for these systems is to provision shared resources on demand to meet service quality targets at least cost. This paper presents a new approach to utility resource management focusing on coordinated provisioning of memory and storage resources. Our approach is model-based: it incorporates internal models of service behavior to predict the value of candidate resource allotments under changing load. The model-based approach enables the system to achieve important resource management goals, including differentiated service quality, performance isolation, storage-aware caching, and proactive allocation of surplus resources to meet performance goals. Experimental results with a prototype demonstrate model-based dynamic provisioning under Web workloads with static content.
Surface Capture for Performance-Based Animation
Authors: Jonathan Starck, Adrian Hilton
Venue: IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications (2007)

Digital content production traditionally requires highly skilled artists and animators to first manually craft shape and appearance models and then instill the models with a believable performance. Motion capture technology is now increasingly used to record the articulated motion of a real human performance to increase the visual realism in animation. Motion capture is limited to recording only the skeletal motion of the human body and requires the use of specialist suits and markers to track articulated motion. The authors present surface capture, a fully automated system to capture shape and appearance as well as motion from multiple video cameras as a basis to create highly realistic animated content from an actor's performance in full wardrobe. They address wide-baseline scene reconstruction to provide 360-degree appearance from only eight camera views and introduce an efficient scene representation for level of detail control in streaming and rendering. Finally, they demonstrate interactive animation control in a computer games scenario using a captured library of human animation, achieving a frame rate of 300 fps on consumer level graphics hardware.
Back to the future: the telegraph as an introduction to electrical and computer engineering
Authors: K. D. Stephan
Venue: Proceedings of the Frontiers in Education Conference, on 1995. Proceedings., 1995 - Volume 02 (1995)

The electromagnetic telegraph was the first widespread application of electrotechnology. It embodies essential electrical principles, but its basic operation is simple enough to be understood by most first-year college students. As part of an ARPA/NSF-sponsored effort to improve undergraduate instruction, a four-week course module was developed to introduce freshman students to electrical and computer engineering. The module used multimedia presentations, a 70-page set of course notes, and demonstrations conducted by the students themselves. Near the end of the module teams of students bid on the construction of a hypothetical 1890 telegraph system. The module concluded with a review of modern telecommunications. The course used several innovative approaches. Rather than extensive lectures, the in-class instruction was provided primarily by rotating pairs of students who performed demonstrations under the guidance of the instructor. Examples of the course material are given along with student evaluations of the course and recommendations for similar work in the future. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Digital Stock Control Mechanism in Electronic Retail Companies in UK
Authors: Ezendu Ariwa, Kishan Lukani
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Autonomic and Autonomous Systems (2007)

This project researches into Digital Stock Control methods in retail companies within the UK and investigates whether a stock control system can be improved within an organisation. This involves research on stock control systems and also looks into the new advanced system that Argos will introduce in the future to come. This project has an insight into the employees of Argos whether they understand the current system and the new system. This investigation was carried out to find out if the employees of Argos understood the stock control system. Who out of the full-time and part-time employees had the most knowledge, what the employees think of the system, and finally what do the employee think of the new stock control system. The data was gathered by using a quantitative method, which was an introduction of questionnaires. The project examines the characteristics between the two sets of employees, full-time and part-time, the knowledge within the employees of Argos had a major similarity. It looks at both sets of employees with very symmetrical opinion regards to the new system and the knowledge they have. Its also considers the current stock control system the knowledge. It researches the full-time employees and what knowledge they have regards to the knowledge to the part-time employees.
Automatic modeling of user specific words for a speaker independent recognition system
Authors: J. Duchateau
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 02 (1996)

The problem addressed in this paper, is the incorporation of user specific words in a speaker independent speech recognition system. No transcription is used to model the new words, modeling is based on a very small number of training utterances only. We investigated two different modeling methods. The first is intended for small vocabulary recognisers. The HMM models for the new words are enhanced by averaging their states with the nearest speaker independent state. This way, the recognition error was reduced by a factor two, and even the noise robustness of the speaker independent models seems to be transferred to the new models. The second method can be used in large vocabulary recognisers. Using a CSR algorithm, a transcription for the new words is found in terms of the subword models in the recogniser. The resulting models perform equally well as the models based on phonetic transcriptions.
Considering a full range of teaching techniques for use in interactive educational software: a practical guide and brainstorming session
Authors: A. M. Spalter
Venue: Proceedings of the 30th Annual Frontiers in Education - Volume 02 (2000)

The paper addresses a moment in the design of educational software that is crucial and yet often unrecognized and unexploited: the moment when the designers decide what traditional teaching techniques (and related pedagogies) will be used. In our experience, this decision is often reached without due consideration of the alternatives, with the result that many educational modules tend to approach their subject matter in the same few ways, e.g., an interactive visualization of an algorithm or physical process. Our goal is not to recommend one teaching approach over another, but to reinforce awareness of the breadth of choice that is available. To that end, we have selected thirteen common teaching techniques that are particularly appropriate for interactive software and describe them in a traditional context and in terms of their potential online incarnations.
Broad class phoneme detection
Authors: Partha Niyogi
Venue:  (2006)

We categorize American English phonemes into several groups: vowel, semi-vowel, nasal, whisper, fricative/affricative, closure/stop, silence and some special phonemes (/q/ and /dx/), among which five main groups (vowel, semi-vowel, nasal, fricative, stop) are further examined. Thereafter, we construct several detectors based on acoustic features for each phoneme group and compare them with HMM-based systems by testing on continuous speech data, TIMIT, and some data in unfavorable environments, like TIMIT with additive noise, and NTIMIT.To detect vowels, a compact vowel detector based only on two acoustic features; periodicity and energy, is implemented. It performs with 86.8% accuracy and 22.4% total error rate. Even under some adverse environments, it still works stably. To detect fricatives, several detectors based on SVMs using different acoustic features are constructed and a typical performance of them has 90.6% and 24.8% as accuracy and total error rate, respectively. Whereas for stops, features of total energy, energy above 3kHz and Wiener entropy are employed into SVMs and the detector obtains accuracy of 93.2% and total error rate of 19.6%. All of these results are comparable with or even better than HMM-based systems.However, detectors based on static acoustic features for nasals and semi-vowels do not perform as well as expected. By examining the details of the errors, the associated detection problems are revealed, and inspire a new approach to detection.To deal with non-static features, we propose a combination of HMMs and SVMs for detection of phoneme groups and obtain satisfactory results. We believe that this method can also be extended for more general speech recognition applications.
Analysis of non-acknowledged, CSMA-CA, slave-slave bridging in 802.15.4 beacon enabled networks
Authors: Jelena Misic
Venue: Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems Workshops (2007)

In this paper, we present and analyze non-acknowledged CSMA-CA option for interconnection of IEEE 802.15.4 beacon enabled network clusters using ordinary network nodes as bridge nodes. Bridge design involves uplink transmission to the coordinator and downlink transmission to the bridge. Bridge periodically visits source and sink cluster and exchanges data using slotted CSMA-CA access. We develop the queuing model for bridging algorithm and present numerically obtained performance results.