ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Functional netlists
Authors: Sungwoo Park, Jinha Kim, Hyeonseung Im
Venue: Proceeding of the 13th ACM SIGPLAN international conference on Functional programming (2008)

In efforts to overcome the complexity of the syntax and the lack of formal semantics of conventional hardware description languages, a number of functional hardware description languages have been developed. Like conventional hardware description languages, however, functional hardware description languages eventually convert all source programs into netlists, which describe wire connections in hardware circuits at the lowest level and conceal all high-level descriptions written into source programs. We develop a variant of the lambda calculus, called lλ (linear lambda), which may serve as a high-level substitute for netlists. In order to support higher-order functions, lλ uses a linear type system which enforces the linear use of variables of function type. The translation of lλ into structural descriptions of hardware circuits is sound and complete in the sense that it maps expressions only to realizable hardware circuits and that every realizable hardware circuit has a corresponding expression in lλ. To illustrate the use of lλ as a high-level substitute for netlists, we design a simple hardware description language that extends lλ with polymorphism, and use it to implement a Fast Fourier Transform circuit.
One Year of Experience with Remote Quality Assurance of Digital Mammography Systems in the Flemish Breast Cancer Screening Program
Authors: Jurgen Jacobs, Kim Lemmens, Joris Nens, Koen Michielsen, Guy Marchal, Hilde Bosmans
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th international workshop on Digital Mammography (2008)

The European Guidelines on Digital Mammography (EUREF) prescribe that regularly the homogeneity of the used digital systems should be tested. In a decentralized screening environment with centralized quality control (QC) supervision this can become a time consuming work. Therefore we developed a novel method to simplify remote QC. Exposures of a homogeneous plate of PMMA are made daily under clinical conditions and are sent to our locally installed analysis software. Several parameters are calculated for the complete image, for 6 reference regions of interest (ROIs) and for series of small adjacent ROIs all over the image. These calculated parameters are summarized in maps that are treated as thumbnail images. Analysis results are sent to the reference site where they are supervised by a trained physicist and compared with the results of previous tests. Several artifacts could be traced with the thumbnail images. These include: dirt on phosphor cassettes, scanline artifacts, scratches on the IP and burned-in markers for CR units. For DR units, increasing ghost image factors, lag images, crystallization of detector material, defective pixel artifacts and several electrical artifacts were noticed. Our initial experience indicates that failures with digital mammography devices can be traced remotely via thumbnail images of the above parameters that are electronically sent to our reference center, instead of the full-size image.
A Semantic Similarity Measure for the SIMS Framework
Authors: Roberto Pirrone, Giuseppe Russo, Pierluca Sangiorgi, Nunzio Ingraffia, Claudia Vicari
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems, Part III (2008)

The amount of currently available digital information grows rapidly. Relevant information is often spread over different information sources. An efficient and flexible framework to allow users to satisfy effectively their information needs is required. The work presented in this paper describes SIMS (Semantic Information Management System), a reference architecture for a framework performing semantic annotation, search and retrieval of information from multiple sources. The work presented in this paper focuses on a specific SIMS module, the SIMS Semantic Content Navigator, proposing an algorithm and the related implementation to calculate a semantic similarity measure inside an OWL ontology. This measure is based on ontology structure and on the information provided by attributes and relations that are defined inside the ontology. This work is the result of a collaborative effort between the DINFO (Department of Computer Science and Engineering) and the research team of Engineering - Ingegneria Informatica.
Plenary lecture six: formalisation and verification in a type-theoretic framework
Authors: Zhaohui Luo
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th WSEAS International Conference on Signal Processing, Robotics and Automation (2008)

Dependent type theory provides a powerful logical calculus for computer-assisted formal reasoning. The associated technology of theorem proving has produced very useful tools, the so-called "proof assistants", for formal proof development both in verification of programs and in formalisation of mathematics. After giving an overview of the research field, I shall present a new type-theoretic framework LTT and explain its use in formalisation and verification. The particular features of the LTT framework include: LTT is a foundational calculus for formal reasoning with different logical foundations, establishing the basis applications of the type theory based theorem proving technology. LTT employs a notion of "typed set", combining type-theoretical reasoning with set-theoretical reasoning in an effective way and supporting efficient proof development in formalisation and verification. As a promising framework, LTT has been used in several case studies, including the formalisation of Weyl's predicative mathematics and the analysis of security protocols.
Gradient-based local affine invariant feature extraction for mobile robot localization in indoor environments
Authors: Jihyo Lee, Hanseok Ko
Venue: Pattern Recognition Letters (2008)

In this paper, we propose a gradient-based local affine invariant feature extraction algorithm (G-LAIFE), using affine moment invariants for robot localization in real indoor environments. The proposed algorithm is an effective feature extraction algorithm that is invariant to image translation and to 3D rotation, and it is within a partial range of the image scale. Representative performance analysis confirms that the proposed G-LAIFE algorithm significantly enhances the recognition rate and is more efficient than the scale invariant feature transform (SIFT), especially in terms of 3D rotation change and computational time.
ESO: Evolutionary Self-organization in Smart-Appliances Ensembles
Authors: Stefan Goldmann, Ralf Salomon
Venue: Proceedings of the 31st annual German conference on Advances in Artificial Intelligence (2008)

This paper presents an evolutionary algorithm applicable to the task of device adjustment in smart appliances ensembles. The algorithm requires very little environmental knowledge and is therefore complementary to the commonly applied rule based methods, such as ontologies. In contrast to traditional evolutionary algorithms, the new approach avoids any central processing scheme. Instead, the ensemble settings are distributed physically across all devices such that every parameter resides only in the device to which it belongs. This approach enables the correct handling of the dynamic nature of smart appliances ensembles, as will be shown in the course of the paper.
P2PAM: a framework for peer-to-peer architectural modeling based on PeerSim
Authors: Matteo Agosti, Francesco Zanichelli, Michele Amoretti, Gianni Conte
Venue: Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Simulation tools and techniques for communications, networks and systems & workshops (2008)

A peer-to-peer architectural model defines an overlay network topology and a routing strategy. If these aspects are tied together by a deterministic logical model, we say that the architecture is structured. Otherwise, we say it is unstructured. Based on these assumptions, in recent years many complex P2P architectural models have been defined, their performance evaluation being carried out mainly by means of simulative tools. However, there is an emerging need for a general-purpose tool, enabling large-scale overlay network simulations, yet also providing ready-to-use complex building blocks. The widely known PeerSim simulator addresses the first issue quite effectively, although it appears quite limited with respect to several important aspects, i. e. churn modeling. In this paper we propose P2PAM as a PeerSim enhancement providing a rather complete framework for peer-to-peer architectural modeling. P2PAM effectiveness is demonstrated by showing how it has been used to rapidly develop simulations of two interesting systems, namely JXTA and HALO.
Synaptic Formation Rate as a Control Parameter in a Model for the Ontogenesis of Retinotopy
Authors: Junmei Zhu
Venue: Proceedings of the 18th international conference on Artificial Neural Networks, Part II (2008)

We study the shape of patterns formed under different values of a control parameter in a model system for the ontogenesis of retinotopy proposed by Häussler and von der Malsburg. Guided by linear modes, their eigenvalues and nonlinear interactions, a few deciding values of the synaptic formation rate ¿ are chosen, under which final states are obtained using computer simulations of the full dynamics. We find that a precise topographic mapping can only be developed under a very narrow range of ¿ close to its critical value. The allowed range of ¿ is relaxed if the system is equipped with a proper structure, presumably by evolution. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
A Two-Step Selective Region Ensemble for Facial Age Estimation
Authors: Shenglan Ben, Guangda Su, Youshou Wu
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Intelligent Computing: Advanced Intelligent Computing Theories and Applications - with Aspects of Artificial Intelligence (2008)

The effect of aging varies in different facial regions. The significance of regions' age related changes also differs in each age range. In this paper, an efficient subset is selected from all possible rectangle regions in the face image to form a global ensemble on the whole age range. Age range-based selective ensembles are also formed in a similar way. Based on those selective ensembles, a two-step selective region ensemble method is proposed for age estimation. In this framework, the first step is using the global ensemble to give a prediction of possible age range. The second step is to use the ensemble on the predicted age range to make a final estimation. Experiments show that using selective region ensemble can improve age estimation performance, and age range-based selective region ensemble is even superior to the global ensemble.
Physically-Based Interaction for Networked Virtual Environments
Authors: Christoph Anthes, Roland Landertshamer, Jens Volkert
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Computational Science, Part II (2007)

Physics engines are gaining importance in the area of computer games to create better visual experiences. In the context of networked Virtual Reality (VR) applications they can be useful to provide new interaction possibilities. This paper will provide an introduction into the area of physics simulation and the use of it to create more realistic and interactive multi-user virtual worlds. Examples for the usefulness of such physics engines can be found in a variety of training applications.
Rainfall Estimation Using Transductive Learning
Authors: Greice Martins de Freitas, Ana Maria Heuminski de Ávila, João Paulo Papa
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 Congress on Image and Signal Processing, Vol. 4 - Volume 04 (2008)

Precipitation is a crucial link in the hydrological cycle, and its spatial and temporal variations are enormous. A knowledge of the amount of regional rainfall is essential to the welfare of society. Rainfall can be estimated remotely, either from ground-based weather radars or from satellite. Despite the large amount of available data provided by satellites, most of them are unlabeled, and the acquisition of labeled data for a learning problem often requires a skilled human agent to manually classify training examples. In this paper we introduce the use of semi-supervised support vector machines for rainfall estimation using images obtained from visible and infrared NOAA satellite channels. The semi-supervised learners combine both labeled and unlabeled data to perform the classification task. Two experiments were performed, one involving traditional SVM and other using semi-supervised SVM (S3VM). The S3VM approach outperforms SVM in our experiments, with can be seen as a good methodology for rainfall satellite estimation, due to the large amount of unlabeled data. The accuracies obtained for SVM and S3VM were, respectively, 90.6% and 95.96%.
Positioning strategy for wireless sensor networks
Authors: Tzay-Farn Shih, Wei-Teng Chang
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th WSEAS International Conference on Applied Electromagnetics, Wireless and Optical (2008)

Many applications in wireless sensor networks require sensor nodes to obtain their positions. In this paper, we focus on the design of a hierarchical localization strategy. The advantage of these methods is that they can reduce cost in the considerable extra hardware common in sensor networks. Through simulation experiment, the evidence confirmed the proposed methods can effectively improve localization accuracy and enhance the localization rate of estimated nodes.
Some Interdisciplinary Observations about Getting the "Right" Specification
Authors: Cliff B. Jones
Venue: Verified Software: Theories, Tools, Experiments: First IFIP TC 2/WG 2.3 Conference, VSTTE 2005, Zurich, Switzerland, October 10-13, 2005, Revised Selected Papers and Discussions (2005)

One can use formal approaches either post facto to try to show that a program has desirable properties or one can aim for verified by construction (VxC). The former approach tends to focus on specific properties such as avoiding the dereferencing of null pointers; the latter is more likely to address the question of whether the steps of design satisfy some overall specification. I not only prefer the latter but I have also argued that this is the main way to get formal methods to pay off: there is more mileage in getting a clean architecture than in trying to debug a bad design by retrofitting a proof.
Sleep Nodes Scheduling in Cluster-Based Heterogeneous Sensor Networks Using AHP
Authors: Xiaoling Wu, Jinsung Cho, Brian J. D'Auriol, Sungyoung Lee
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Embedded Software and Systems (2007)

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are comprised of energy constrained nodes. This limitation has led to the crucial need for energy-aware protocols to produce an efficient network. The concept of heterogeneity has been introduced in a WSN by deploying a large number of low power sensor nodes and a small number of more powerful nodes to serve as cluster heads (CHs). We propose a sleep scheduling scheme for balancing energy consumption rates in low power sensor nodes based on Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). We consider three factors contributing to the optimal nodes scheduling decision and they are the distance to CH, residual energy, and sensing coverage overlapping, respectively. We evaluate the efficiency of our proposed scheme in terms of important network parameters and compare with traditional random sleep scheduling in heterogeneous sensor networks. The proposed scheme is observed to improve network lifetime and conserve energy without compromising desired coverage.
Internationalization of Compilers
Authors: Valentina Dagienė, Rimgaudas Laucius
Venue: Informatica (2007)

Internationalization of compilers and localization of programming languages is not a usual phenomenon yet; however, due to a rapid progress of software and programming technologies it is inevitable. The new versions of wide used programming systems already allow using the identifiers written in the native language, and partially supports Unicode standard, but still have many internationalization deficiencies. The paper analyses the main elements of internationalization of compilers and their localization possibilities. According to contemporary standards, existing practices of software internationalization and tendencies there are given recommendations how compilers should be internationalized. The paper gives arguments of the importance of localization of lexical elements of the programming languages, and presents solutions that enable to solve the problems of portability of programs developed using localized compiler as well as problems of compiler's compatibility with other compilers.
Influence of bone density on total hip resurfacing arthroplasty in patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head - A radiological analysis
Authors: Fritz Thorey, Felix Reck, Henning Windhagen, Gabriela von Lewinski
Venue: Technology and Health Care (2008)

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head is a more progressive disease for which many patients will eventually require total hip arthroplasty. With the advent of improved metal-on-metal prostheses, total hip resurfacing arthroplasty has emerged as a viable treatment option. However, it remains controversial whether this procedure should be used in patients with osteonecrosis when the femoral resurfacing component is implanted onto non-vital bone. In this study the bone mineral density (BMD) of osteonecrotic femoral heads were compared with the BMD of osteoarthrotic femoral heads. The purpose of this study was to analyse the differences between these two groups to gather information that may be useful in predicting the outcome of total hip resurfacing arthroplasty in cases of severe osteonecrosis of the femoral head. The femoral heads were classified according to the ARCO classification using MRI. For DEXA analysis the femoral heads were subdivided into three regions: the cranial femoral head (R1), the caudal femoral head (R2), and the proximal femoral neck (R3). In R3, BMD in osteonecrotic femoral heads was significantly lower than in those with osteoarthrosis and in R2 it was significantly higher. It can be assumed that a higher BMD in the caudal femoral head (R2) is caused by a "reactive interface" that occurred in this region especially in ARCO IV femoral heads. This fact, the lower BMD in the proximal femoral neck (R3) and the individual expansion of the osteonecrotic region should be considered when planning resurfacing arthroplasty for femoral head necrosis.
An Appearance-Based Particle Filter for Visual Tracking in Smart Rooms
Authors: Oswald Lanz, Paul Chippendale, Roberto Brunelli
Venue: Multimodal Technologies for Perception of Humans: International Evaluation Workshops CLEAR 2007 and RT 2007, Baltimore, MD, USA, May 8-11, 2007, Revised Selected Papers (2008)

This paper presents a visual particle filter for tracking a variable number of humans interacting in indoor environments, using multiple cameras. It is built upon a 3-dimensional, descriptive appearance model which features (i) a 3D shape model assembled from simple body part elements and (ii) a fast while still reliable rendering procedure developed on a key view basis of previously acquired body part color histograms. A likelihood function is derived which, embedded in an occlusion-robust multibody tracker, allows for robust and ID persistent 3D tracking in cluttered environments. We describe both model rendering and target detection procedures in detail, and report a quantitative evaluation of the approach on the `CLEAR'07 3D Person Tracking' corpus.
Live Video Streaming Using P2P and SVC
Authors: Tsung-Chieh Lee, Pin-Chuan Liu, Woei-Luen Shyu, Chen-Yih Wu
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th IFIP/IEEE international conference on Management of Multimedia and Mobile Networks and Services: Management of Converged Multimedia Networks and Services (2008)

The research of Video Streaming has often focused on the methodologies of P2P protocols, such as peer selection, network structure, group organization, etc. In addition, streaming mechanism and system deployment are significant to provide a Video Streaming service. Research in this field, however, is scant. On the other hand, the layered video codec provides scalability when environment is divergent due to different transmission rate, computational power, and so on. Recently, Scalable Video Coding (SVC), which is a layered video codec, has been standardized and caught much attention. The study is to explore how to provide Video Streaming service by employing P2P and SVC. A system architecture which involves video layering, dynamic Segment seeding and scheduling, and Segment downloading and sharing is developed. To provide high quality Live or On-demand P2P Video Streaming service, a Video Streaming system, GaiaSharp, is implemented and deployed, and the experience is shown to explain the importance of layered video codec.
Full access and review: applying socio-technical practice to academia
Authors: Brian Whitworth, Robert S. Friedman
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th ACM SIGITE conference on Information technology education (2008)

Social computing application innovations develop faster than academics theories about them. While online computing changes radically every few years, a paper can take 3-5 years to reach an audience, often addressing issues relevant a decade ago and increasing the gap between the worlds of theory and practice. Using social computing technologies helps narrow this gap by applying socio-technical principles to an open knowledge exchange system (KES). We propose an open electronic KES that not only increases dissemination (by publishing all) but also increases discrimination (by rating all). This would go beyond current repositories like CoRR by providing an electronic portal that not only disseminates but also reviews computing research. It would address reviewer bottleneck problems by involving more people in more ways, facilitating an online research community where theorists, analysts and practitioners can contribute, converse and create knowledge in a vibrant knowledge commons.
Structural Testing for Semaphore-Based Multithread Programs
Authors: Felipe S. Sarmanho, Paulo S. Souza, Simone R. Souza, Adenilso S. Simão
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Computational Science, Part I (2008)

This paper presents structural testing criteria for validation of semaphore-based multithread programs exploring control, data, communication and synchronization information. A post-mortem method based on timestamps is defined to determine the implicit communication among threads using shared variables. The applicability of the coverage testing criteria is illustrated by a case study.
Note: The absolute order on the symmetric group, constructible partially ordered sets and Cohen--Macaulay complexes
Authors: Christos A. Athanasiadis, Myrto Kallipoliti
Venue: Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series A (2008)

The absolute order is a natural partial order on a Coxeter group W. It can be viewed as an analogue of the weak order on W in which the role of the generating set of simple reflections in W is played by the set of all reflections in W. By use of a notion of constructibility for partially ordered sets, it is proved that the absolute order on the symmetric group is homotopy Cohen-Macaulay. This answers in part a question raised by V. Reiner and the first author. The Euler characteristic of the order complex of the proper part of the absolute order on the symmetric group is also computed.