ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Web-Based Evaluation of Talking Heads: How Valid Is It?
Authors: Benjamin Weiss, Christine Kühnel, Ina Wechsung, Sebastian Möller, Sascha Fagel
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents (2009)

Web-based tests are an established method for the evaluation (e.g. [1]). However, the validity of web-experiments has not yet been evaluated for the field of embodied conversation agents (ECAs). In this paper, evaluation results obtained in a non-interactive scenario in our lab [2] are compared to a similar web-based experiment. 3 different talking head components and 2 freely available speech synthesis systems (TTS) are combined. The head components used are the thinking head (TH), Massy (MS), and a speaker cloning system (CL). The TTS include Mary (`hmm-bits3') and Mbrola ('de2'). We recorded videos of the talking heads speaking sentences related to the smart home domain like: The following devices can be turned on or off: the TV, the lamps and the fan.'
Note: The expressive power of binary submodular functions
Authors: Stanislav ivný, David A. Cohen, Peter G. Jeavons
Venue: Discrete Applied Mathematics (2009)

We investigate whether all Boolean submodular functions can be decomposed into a sum of binary submodular functions over a possibly larger set of variables. This question has been considered in several different contexts in computer science, including computer vision, artificial intelligence, and pseudo-Boolean optimisation. Using a connection between the expressive power of valued constraints and certain algebraic properties of functions, we answer this question negatively. Our results have several corollaries. First, we characterise precisely which submodular polynomials of arity 4 can be expressed by binary submodular polynomials. Next, we identify a novel class of submodular functions of arbitrary arities which can be expressed by binary submodular functions, and therefore minimised efficiently using a so-called expressibility reduction to the Min-Cut problem. More importantly, our results imply limitations on this kind of reduction and establish, for the first time, that it cannot be used in general to minimise arbitrary submodular functions. Finally, we refute a conjecture of Promislow and Young on the structure of the extreme rays of the cone of Boolean submodular functions.
Coal Mill Control and Optimization Using a Multilayer Structure
Authors: Yunhui Luo, Lei Jia, Wenjian Cai, Hongbo Liu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 WRI Global Congress on Intelligent Systems - Volume 02 (2009)

Ball mill coal pulverizing system is a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) process characterized with strong couplings and nonlinearities. Conventional control methods maybe work well initially, but will deviate from optimal work point for a period of time and even cease to be functionally effective. A multilayer structure with direct control and optimization is presented for the control of ball mill coal pulverizing system. The novelty of the strategy lies in that a static model is developed to identify the relationship between input/output variables and disturbances, and then optimal set-points can be determined for the MIMO controller. The proposed approach can maintain stable, safe and economic operation of ball mill, and is readily available to the industrial engineer. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the control strategy.
The Application of Multi-thread-based Embedded System in the Fire Monitor
Authors: Hong Liu, Jianxiang Zheng, Ying Chen
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Second International Symposium on Electronic Commerce and Security - Volume 01 (2009)

This paper puts forward a strategy of intellectualized fire monitor based on embedded system in terms of problems arising from fire reporting. The monitor is intended to monitor the fire automatic alarm system, realize remote communication between the fire automatic alarm system and the administration center, receive directives from the center, and connect the center through audio and visual means, thereby effectively solving the existing problems in the fire monitoring. In addition, the paper can be instructive for other remote data transmission system or unwatched systems. The paper is intended to briefly introduce the design on the application of multi-thread embedded software development technology in intellectualized fire monitoring terminal at the same time.
Detecting Design Patterns Using Source Code of Before Applying Design Patterns
Authors: Hironori Washizaki, Kazuhiro Fukaya, Atsuto Kubo, Yoshiaki Fukazawa
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Eigth IEEE/ACIS International Conference on Computer and Information Science (2009)

Detecting design patterns from object-oriented program source-code can help maintainers understand the design of the program. However, the detection precision of conventional approaches based on the structural aspects of patterns is low due to the fact that there are several patterns with the same structure. To solve this problem, we propose an approach of design pattern detection using source-code of before the application of the design pattern.Our approach is able to distinguish different design patterns with similar structures, and help maintainers understand the design of the program more accurately. Moreover, our technique reveals when and where the target pattern has been applied in an ordered series of revisions of the target program. Our technique is useful to assess what kinds of patterns increase what kinds of quality characteristics such as the maintainability.
Flocculant Dosage Optimizing in Water Treatment based on Nonlinear Mathematical Model
Authors: Yu Feng Guo, Jun Ma, Xue Dong Zhai, Yi Fan
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Environmental Science and Information Application Technology - Volume 03 (2009)

The artificial mathematical model of feed water treatment is investigated by the method of mechanism and modeling of distributed parameter system; it includes the basic processes of feed water treatment, i.e.coagulation, flocculation and sedimentation. This model can give the dynamic response of relationship between coagulant dosage and water turbidity after flocculation and sedimentation. The influence of water plant design parameters on water treatment effect can be analyzed from the simulation results of the model. Through the model at last, we had done an analog computation to the dynamic influence of sudden changes of inlet water turbidity on the outlet water turbidity after flocculation and sedimentation, and the simulation results are very close to the real experiment datum in water-plant. This model can be used for the process control of feed water treatment and offers a good simulation and analysis platform to the nonlinear control of water treatment.
Data Mining of Agricultural Yield Data: A Comparison of Regression Models
Authors: Georg Ruß
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th Industrial Conference on Advances in Data Mining. Applications and Theoretical Aspects (2009)

Nowadays, precision agriculture refers to the application of state-of-the-art GPS technology in connection with small-scale, sensor-based treatment of the crop. This introduces large amounts of data which are collected and stored for later usage. Making appropriate use of these data often leads to considerable gains in efficiency and therefore economic advantages. However, the amount of data poses a data mining problem --- which should be solved using data mining techniques. One of the tasks that remains to be solved is yield prediction based on available data. From a data mining perspective, this can be formulated and treated as a multi-dimensional regression task. This paper deals with appropriate regression techniques and evaluates four different techniques on selected agriculture data. A recommendation for a certain technique is provided.
Key Technologies of the Dual-mode Electronic Commerce
Authors: Shao Kang, Wu Manyi
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Second International Symposium on Electronic Commerce and Security - Volume 02 (2009)

In recent years, mobile commerce has been gaining increasing popularity as a new business activity. Along with the wide use of the 3G, the mobile commerce will become even better than traditional electronic commerce. The studies and use in the area of dual-mode electronic commerce will be a short cut to the electronic commerce enterprises which went into the area of mobile commerce. The key technologies of the dual-mode electronic commerce are discussed in the paper. These concept and technology of the approach are very useful for the enterprise which went into mobile commerce by the dual-mode electronic commerce. The three layers system structure of dual-mode electronic commerce by the improved MVC’s three layer developing method also falls within the scope of the present article. Besides, the security of mobile commerce has thus become an important issue. The proposed scheme has been discussed in order to improve the current security mechanism. At last, analyzes the market and application trend of dual-mode electronic commerce.
Joint Random Sample Consensus and Multiple Motion Models for Robust Video Tracking
Authors: Petter Strandmark, Irene Y. Gu
Venue: Proceedings of the 16th Scandinavian Conference on Image Analysis (2009)

We present a novel method for tracking multiple objects in video captured by a non-stationary camera. For low quality video, ransac estimation fails when the number of good matches shrinks below the minimum required to estimate the motion model. This paper extends ransac in the following ways: (a) Allowing multiple models of different complexity to be chosen at random; (b) Introducing a conditional probability to measure the suitability of each transformation candidate, given the object locations in previous frames; (c) Determining the best suitable transformation by the number of consensus points, the probability and the model complexity. Our experimental results have shown that the proposed estimation method better handles video of low quality and that it is able to track deformable objects with pose changes, occlusions, motion blur and overlap. We also show that using multiple models of increasing complexity is more effective than just using ransac with the complex model only.
Active and passive gestures: problems with the resolution of deictic and elliptic expressions in a multimodal system
Authors: Michael Streit
Venue: Referring Phenomena in a Multimedia Context and their Computational Treatment (1997)

This paper deals with aspects of the resolution of deictic and elliptic expressions that are related to gestures. It discusses different approaches to distinguish between deictic pointing and manipulative gestures. We compare two strategies of combining natural multimodal communication with direct manipulation. The first approach uses click free mouse gestures for deictic pointing, while manipulative gestures are performed by using mouse button events as is usual in graphic interfaces. The second approach uses a touchscreen as gestural input device.
Using process mining to identify models of group decision making in chat data
Authors: Peter Reimann, Jimmy Frerejean, Kate Thompson
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Computer supported collaborative learning - Volume 1 (2009)

This paper introduces process modeling and mining as an approach to process analysis for CSCL. This approach is particularly relevant for collaborative learning that takes a project-based form, and is applied in this study to online chat data from teams working on a complex task. The groups differed in terms of the number of members and the amount of scaffolding aimed at group processes and task requirements. The models, produced using the HeuristicsMiner algorithm, showed that the group with fewer members that received more instruction in the task requirements had a more linear decision-making process than the group that received instruction in group processes, however neither were an example of a linear, unitary phase model. This approach has relevance both for CSCL research methods and for providing feedback to students on their decision-making processes.
Etiquetage grammatical de l'arabe voyell&eacute; ou non
Authors: Fathi Debili, Emna Souissi
Venue: Proceedings of the Workshop on Computational Approaches to Semitic Languages (1998)

Nous abordons le probl&egrave;me de l'&eacute;tiquetage grammatical de l'arabe en reprenant les m&eacute;thodes couramment utilis&eacute;es, lesquelles sont fond&eacute;es sur des r&egrave;gles de succession de deux ou trois &eacute;tiquettes grammaticales. Nous montrons que l'on ne peut pas reprendre tels quels les algorithmes pr&eacute;conis&eacute;s pour le fran&ccedil;ais ou pour l'anglais, la raison &eacute;tant que l'arabe pose deux probl&egrave;mes: l'absence des voyelles et l'agglutination des enclinom&egrave;nes dont les segmentations potentielles induisent une combinatoire qui conduit &agrave; r&eacute;&eacute;crire partiellement ces algorithmes. Les r&eacute;sultats obtenus pour l'arabe voyell&eacute; sont comparables &agrave; ce que l'on obtient pour le fran&ccedil;ais ou pour l'anglais. Pour l'arabe non voyell&eacute; par contre, les performances chutent assez sensiblement. L'explication r&eacute;side pr&eacute;cis&eacute;ment dans l'absence des voyellations et l'agglutination qui conduisent &agrave; une surmultiplication de l'ambigu&iuml;t&eacute; grammaticale de d&eacute;part. Pour am&eacute;liorer ces r&eacute;sultats nous d&eacute;finissons un nouveau jeu d'&eacute;tiquettes grammaticales qui am&egrave;ne &agrave; une diminution de l'ambigu&iuml;t&eacute; de d&eacute;part et &agrave; un &eacute;largissement de la port&eacute;e des r&egrave;gles de succession. Ces &eacute;tiquettes sont associ&eacute;es aux formes non-minimales de l'arabe telles que rencontr&eacute;es dans les textes. II y a dans ce cas am&eacute;lioration sensible, les r&eacute;sultats atteignant des seuils de r&eacute;solution de 97% pour le voyell&eacute; et de 91% pour le non voyell&eacute;.
Influence of Incomplete Linkage between Marked and Functional Gene on Estimating Gene Effect by Molecular Marker Regression Model
Authors: Xue-Bin Li, Xiao-Ling Yu, Bin Li
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 WASE International Conference on Information Engineering - Volume 02 (2009)

In the past decades, regression approach was a main gene mapping method. For avoiding the QTL mapping to estimate the gene effects, the molecular marker regression was used to research the quantitative trait controlled by polygene under the condition of complete linkage between gene locus and marker. For the utilization of this method, the recombination influence on precision and accuracy estimating gene effect were researched. The results showed the recombination rate between a marker and its locus could affect the precision and accuracy estimating gene effect and allele’s interaction effects. The precision and accuracy were reduced along with the increasing of the recombination rate between a marker and its locus, the larger the recombination rate was, the smaller the precision and accuracy were. The precision and accuracy estimating for one gene effect and allele’s interaction effects could only be affected by its own recombination rate between its own marker and its locus, not by other genes recombination rate. These suggested that it was need to find a marker which was tightly or closely linked with genes for estimating the gene effect and allele’s interaction effects precisely, especially for a gene locus with a large allele’s interaction coefficient and relative gene effects.
An immersed interface method for Stokes flows with fixed/moving interfaces and rigid boundaries
Authors: Zhijun Tan, K. M. Lim, B. C. Khoo
Venue: Journal of Computational Physics (2009)

We present an immersed interface method for solving the incompressible steady Stokes equations involving fixed/moving interfaces and rigid boundaries (irregular domains). The fixed/moving interfaces and rigid boundaries are represented by a number of Lagrangian control points. In order to enforce the prescribed velocity at the rigid boundaries, singular forces are applied on the fluid at these boundaries. The strength of singular forces at the rigid boundary is determined by solving a small system of equations. For the deformable interfaces, the forces that the interface exerts on the fluid are calculated from the configuration (position) of the deformed interface. The jumps in the pressure and the jumps in the derivatives of both pressure and velocity are related to the forces at the fixed/moving interfaces and rigid boundaries. These forces are interpolated using cubic splines and applied to the fluid through the jump conditions. The positions of the deformable interfaces are updated implicitly using a quasi-Newton method (BFGS) within each time step. In the proposed method, the Stokes equations are discretized via the finite difference method on a staggered Cartesian grid with the incorporation of jump contributions and solved by the conjugate gradient Uzawa-type method. Numerical results demonstrate the accuracy and ability of the proposed method to simulate incompressible Stokes flows with fixed/moving interfaces on irregular domains.
Modeling Uncertainty with Fuzzy Logic: With Recent Theory and Applications, 1st edition
Authors: Asli Celikyilmaz, I. Burhan Trksen
Venue: Studies In Fuzziness And Soft Computing (2009)

The objective of this book is to present an uncertainty modeling approach using a new type of fuzzy system model via "Fuzzy Functions". Since most researchers on fuzzy systems are more familiar with the standard fuzzy rule bases and their inference system structures, many standard tools of fuzzy system modeling approaches are reviewed to demonstrate the novelty of the structurally different fuzzy functions, before we introduced the new methodologies. To make the discussions more accessible, no special fuzzy logic and system modeling knowledge is assumed. Therefore, the book itself may be a reference for some related methodologies to most researchers on fuzzy systems analyses. For those readers, who have knowledge of essential fuzzy theories, Chapter 1, 2 should be treated as a review material. Advanced readers ought to be able to read chapters 3, 4 and 5 directly, where proposed methods are presented. Chapter 6 demonstrates experiments conducted on various datasets.
Analysis Hierarchy Set Pair Model on Material Selection
Authors: Yang Guang, Zhang Yong-di, Yue Yan-fang, Zhang Rui-gang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 First International Workshop on Database Technology and Applications (2009)

To solve the multi-objective optimization problem of material selection, analysis hierarchy set pair model integrating analysis hierarchy process with set pair analysis is presented. Firstly the hierarchy recursive structure was constructed in the model. Secondly the relative closeness was used to evaluate material properties. At last with hierarchy synthesis weight modified the relative closeness. The model avoids the casualness of weight in set pair analysis, and complexity of consistency check in analysis hierarchy process. Based on the model, a material seleciton expert system put into use on Hebei manufacturing informatization platform.
Feature Detection by Structural Enhanced Information
Authors: Ryotaro Kamimura
Venue: Advances in Neuro-Information Processing: 15th International Conference, ICONIP 2008, Auckland, New Zealand, November 25-28, 2008, Revised Selected Papers, Part II (2009)

In this paper, we propose structural enhanced information for detecting main features in input patterns. In structural enhanced information, three types of enhanced information can be differentiated, that is, the first-, the second- and the third-order enhanced information. The first-order information is related to the enhancement of competitive units themselves through some elements in a network, and the second-order information is dependent upon the enhancement of competitive units with input patterns. Then, the third-order information is obtained by subtracting the effect of the first-order information from the second-order information. Thus, the third-order information more explicitly represents information on input patterns. With this structural enhanced information, we can estimate more detailed features in input patterns. We applied the method to the well-known Iris problem. In both problems, we succeeded in extracting detailed and important features especially by using the third-order information.
Culture and Co-experience: Cultural Variation of User Experience in Social Interaction and Its Implications for Interaction Design
Authors: Jung-Joo Lee
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Internationalization, Design and Global Development: Held as Part of HCI International 2009 (2009)

The notion of how multi-users experience technology as a group has opened important vistas in interaction design. Even though literature in cultural anthropology and cognitive psychology implies cultural influence on user experience in social interaction, a cross-cultural notion has, however, been overlooked in this area. This paper aims at exploring relationship between culture and a social aspect of user experience, in a catchier term, "co-experience," drawing on the concept of "role-takings" by following the framework in symbolic interactionism. Based on literature review, we build the conceptual framework of how role-takings vary in different cultures and how the variations can shape different co-experience. In order to illustrate how this framework can be applied in a real design case, a novel interactive system called "Visual-talk table" is introduced. In so doing, we argue how the framework and the design experiment with this technology can serve as a tool to facilitate cultural aspect of social interaction in designing especially tangible and ubiquitous interaction.
Web Accessibility Metrics: Effects of Different Computational Approaches
Authors: Andre P. Freire, Christopher Power, Helen Petrie, Eduardo H. Tanaka, Heloisa V. Rocha, Renata P. Fortes
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Part III: Applications and Services (2009)

Assessing and monitoring the accessibility of web pages are important challenges for ensuring universal accessibility of the web. In this paper, we analyse the quantitative results of the evaluation of web pages using four different metrics with different approaches to the aggregation of results from accessibility audits. The web pages evaluated are from three different Virtual Learning Environments (VLEs). The impact of the different aggregation approaches on the ranges of the values of the resulting metrics and on the ranking of web pages are discussed. We observe that the different approaches may provide different outcomes for comparison purposes, and argue that further investigations on the use of user data to improve the measurement of accessibility should be conducted.
Extracting world and linguistic knowledge from Wikipedia
Authors: Simone Paolo Ponzetto, Michael Strube
Venue: Proceedings of Human Language Technologies: The 2009 Annual Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Companion Volume: Tutorial Abstracts (2009)

Many research efforts have been devoted to develop robust statistical modeling techniques for many NLP tasks. Our field is now moving towards more complex tasks (e.g. RTE, QA), which require to complement these methods with a semantically rich representation based on world and linguistic knowledge (i.e. annotated linguistic data). In this tutorial we show several approaches to extract this knowledge from Wikipedia. This resource has attracted the attention of much work in the AI community, mainly because it provides semi-structured information and a large amount of manual annotations. The purpose of this tutorial is to introduce Wikipedia as a resource to the NLP community and to provide an introduction for NLP researchers both from a scientific and a practical (i.e. data acquisition and processing issues) perspective.