ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
A fully digital real-time power system simulator based on PC-cluster
Authors: C. Larose, S. Guerette, F. Guay, A. Nolet, T. Yamamoto, H. Enomoto, Y. Kono, Y. Hasegawa, H. Taoka
Venue: Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (2003)

Many benefits come with the real-time simulation of electric machinery and drives. HYPERSIM, a fully digital real-time power system simulator, originally based on large parallel supercomputer, is now adapted to a new hardware platform, in order to increase its flexibility and accessibility. This paper presents a new hardware architecture, called PC-cluster, for real-time simulation of complex power system networks, including power electronics.A PC-cluster consists of several commodity PC interconnected with high-speed network. This new hardware platform for the HYPERSIM simulator is completely based on components-off-the-shelf (COTS), such as commercial motherboard, PCI input/output (I/O) board and communication board.The general implementation of the real-time parallel simulator is introduced in this paper. All aspects of the simulation, such as communication, calculation, synchronization, I/O access and acquisition, are presented in detail. To evaluate the performance of the new hardware platform in a real simulation, a complete application of electric machine drive is presented.This new hardware technology is bringing interesting benefits to power system engineers. It is now easier to have access to powerful simulation tools, in order to perform precise and complete power system studies.
Accurate decision trees for mining high-speed data streams
Authors: João Gama, Ricardo Rocha, Pedro Medas
Venue: Proceedings of the ninth ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining (2003)

In this paper we study the problem of constructing accurate decision tree models from data streams. Data streams are incremental tasks that require incremental, online, and any-time learning algorithms. One of the most successful algorithms for mining data streams is VFDT. In this paper we extend the VFDT system in two directions: the ability to deal with continuous data and the use of more powerful classification techniques at tree leaves. The proposed system, VFDTc, can incorporate and classify new information online, with a single scan of the data, in time constant per example. The most relevant property of our system is the ability to obtain a performance similar to a standard decision tree algorithm even for medium size datasets. This is relevant due to the any-time property. We study the behaviour of VFDTc in different problems and demonstrate its utility in large and medium data sets. Under a bias-variance analysis we observe that VFDTc in comparison to C4.5 is able to reduce the variance component.
A tool for taking class notes
Authors: Nigel Ward, Hajime Tatsukawa
Venue: International Journal of Human-Computer Studies (2003)

Students still take class notes using pencil and paper-although digital documents are more legible, easier to search in and easier to edit--in part because of the lack of software to support note-taking. Class notes are characterized by free spatial organization, many small chunks of text, and a dense mix of text and graphic elements. These characteristics imply that a note-taking system should use pen, keyboard and mouse-or-equivalent; allow the swift entry of text at any desired position; and minimize the need to switch between input tools. A system with these properties was built and used by 10 subjects in a controlled study and by four users in their classes. Some users preferred our system to pencil and paper, suggesting that taking class notes with the computer is feasible.
Time resolved study on Co/Ni/a-Si phase transition during isothermal annealing at 400 &#x00B0;C
Authors: A. Alberti, C. Bongiorno, F. La Via, B. Cafra, C. Spinella
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2003)

An approach based on in situ sheet resistance analyses during isothermal annealing processes is proposed to find out the critical stages of Co/Ni phase transition on amorphous silicon. Unlike the case of conventional Co/Si systems, it was found that Co/Ni/Si reaction produces a double-peak in the resistance versus time curve. This behaviour was studied by energy filtered transmission electron microscopy (EFTEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) analyses. It was found that cobalt atoms prefer to diffuse through the grain boundaries of the underlying Ni2Si layer that forms at very low temperature in contact with silicon. The diffusion process stops when cobalt atoms reach the deeper NiSi layer which is located at the interface with the substrate. Finally, CoSi and NiSi phases form separately, and Co(Ni)Si2 grains nucleate in contact with silicon differently from what is known for thick layer systems.
Enabling Real-Time Distributed Virtual Simulation over the Internet Using Host-Based Overlay Multicast
Authors: Dennis M. Moen, J. Mark Pullen
Venue: Proceedings of the Seventh IEEE International Symposium on Distributed Simulation and Real-Time Applications (2003)

Many-to-many multicast transmission is an essential network capability for scalable distributed simulation. The many open issues that make network-layer multicast impractical over the Internet today are likely to continue to be insurmountable and to prevent deployment in amanner that will meet the Quality of Service (QoS) and many-to-many multicast needs of real-time distributed virtual simulation (RT-DVS). We propose an alternative approach, whereby the IP multicast function is relocated to the simulation host computer and also used to provide for QoS enabled services on a priority basis. This paper explores the concept of such a host-based multicast system with QoS and its suitability for RT-DVS. The paper defines the basic requirements of a host-based multicast protocol to support RT-DVS and proposes a quantitative model for evaluation of system alternatives.
Scalable Hardware Memory Disambiguation for High ILP Processors
Authors: Simha Sethumadhavan, Rajagopalan Desikan, Doug Burger, Charles R. Moore, Stephen W. Keckler
Venue: Proceedings of the 36th annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture (2003)

This paper describes several methods for improving thescalability of memory disambiguation hardware for futurehigh ILP processors. As the number of in-flight instructionsgrows with issue width and pipeline depth, the load/storequeues (LSQ) threaten to become a bottleneck in both powerand latency. By employing lightweight approximate hashingin hardware with structures called Bloom filters manyimprovements to the LSQ are possible.We propose two types of filtering schemes using Bloomfilters: search filtering, which uses hashing to reduce boththe number of lookups to the LSQ and the number of entriesthat must be searched, and state filtering, in which thenumber of entries kept in the LSQs is reduced by couplingaddress predictors and Bloom filters, permitting smallerqueues. We evaluate these techniques for LSQs indexed byboth instruction age and the instruction's effective address,and for both centralized and physically partitioned LSQs.We show that search filtering avoids up to 98% of the associativeLSQ searches, providing significant power savingsand keeping LSQ searches to under one high-frequencyclock cycle. We also show that with state filtering, the loadqueue can be eliminated altogether with only minor reductionsin performance for small instruction window machines.
The Infocockpit: providing location and place to aid human memory
Authors: Desney S. Tan, Jeanine K. Stefanucci, Dennis R. Proffitt, Randy Pausch
Venue: Proceedings of the 2001 workshop on Perceptive user interfaces (2001)

Our work focuses on building and evaluating computer system interfaces that make information memorable. Psychology research tells us people remember spatially distributed information based on its location relative to their body, as well as the environment in which the information was learned. We apply these principles in the implementation of a multimodal prototype system, the Infocockpit (for "Information Cockpit"). The Infocockpit not only uses multiple monitors surrounding the user to engage human memory for location, but also provides ambient visual and auditory displays to engage human memory for place. We report a user study demonstrating a 56% increase in memory for information presented with our Infocockpit system as compared to a standard desktop system.
Stable sets in two subclasses of banner-free graphs
Authors: Michael U. Gerber, Alain Hertz, Vadim V. Lozin
Venue: Discrete Applied Mathematics (2003)

The maximum stable set problem is NP-hard, even when restricted to banner-free graphs. In this paper, we use the augmenting graph approach to attack the problem in two subclasses of banner-free graphs. We first provide both classes with the complete characterization of minimal augmenting graphs. Based on the obtained characterization, we prove polynomial solvability of the problem in the class of (banner, P8)-free graphs, improving several existing results.
An empirical study of impact of crossover operators on the performance of non-binary genetic algorithm based neural approaches for classification
Authors: Parag C. Pendharkar, James A. Rodger
Venue: Computers and Operations Research (2004)

We study the performance of genetic algorithm (GA) based artificial neural network (ANN) for different crossover operators. We use simulated and real life data to test the performance of GA-based ANN. Our results indicate that arithmetic crossover operator may be a suitable crossover operator for GA based ANN.
Computing the sign or the value of the determinant of an integer matrix, a complexity survey
Authors: Erich Kaltofen, Gilles Villard
Venue: Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics (2004)

Computation of the sign of the determinant of a matrix and the determinant itself is a challenge for both numerical and exact methods. We survey the complexity of existing methods to solve these problems when the input is an n × n matrix A with integer entries. We study the bit-complexities of the algorithms asymptotically in n and the norm of A. Existing approaches rely on numerical approximate computations, on exact computations, or on both types of arithmetic in combination.
On the Grid and Sensor Networks
Authors: Vipul Hingne, Anupam Joshi, Elias Houstis, John Michopoulos
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Grid Computing (2003)

The pervasive computing environment and the wiredGrid Infrastructure can be combined to make the InformationGrid truly pervasive. Interesting applications can bebuilt by utilizing the computational abilities of the Grid toanswer queries on sensor data. In this paper, we identifysome of the research issues and challenges in building aninfrastructure to support such applications. We present thedesign and preliminary implementation of the proposed infrastructure,identify the tradeoffs relating to sensor accuracyconsumption, and report experimental results from asample scenario involving firefighting.
Digital interaction: introduction to the first international workshop
Authors: Claudia Roda, Julie Thomas
Venue: Proceedings of the 1st international symposium on Information and communication technologies (2003)

We may be working toward making human interaction through devices (or with a device) resemble as much as possible interpersonal interaction. Or we may aim at a different type of interaction, so that digital interaction is a sort of augmented interpersonal interaction. In any case, it appears that the creation of common ground amongst interacting agents is both a prerequisite and a goal of interactive processes. In this workshop several authors report their work toward the design of systems supporting digital interaction.
A relationship perspective on IT outsourcing
Authors: Rajiv Kishore, H. R. Rao, K. Nam, S. Rajagopalan, A. Chaudhury
Venue: Communications of the ACM (2003)

A longitudinal study at four companies provides valuable insights about the evolution of IT outsourcing relationships.
A note on pattern matching under Quickscan in SNOBOL4
Authors: Stefan M. Silverston
Venue: ACM SIGPLAN Notices (1977)

Quickscan pattern-match mode in SNOBOL4 uses heuristics to determine when it is "impossible" for a pattern match to succeed. Pattern matches ruled hopeless are terminated immediately with failure. An exposition of Quickscan is given in (1). Elaborations of this appear in (2) and (3). This note is intended to set down and clarify three aspects of the Quickscan process. These involve1. the minimum-length assumptions made for each of the fundamental SNOBOL pattern elements2. an exhaustive list of the ways <u>length</u> failure can occur3. the treatment of the pattern element BAL under QuickscanAll assertions here are based on the results of trials run with the macro (or SIL) implementation of SNOBOL4 on an IBM 360. Examples are intended to illustrate the assertions as precisely as possible, and do not represent common or recommended programming practice.
Optical spectra of quantum dot aggregates in the sub-wetting layer region
Authors: Karel Král, Petr Zdeněk
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2003)

The samples of the self-organized quantum dots, made of polar semiconductors, grown by the Stranski-Krastanow growth method, have the so called wetting-layer (WL). The lowest-energy extended states of the electronic excitations are expected to be the WL states. The coupling between these extended states and the electronic states localized in the individual quantum dots, may have an influence on the optical spectra of such samples in the sub-WL region of energy. This effect is studied, turning the attention first of all to the Frohlich's coupling between the electrons and polar optical phonons. The contribution of this interaction to the appearance of the sub-WL continuum in the optical spectra and to the level broadening of the localized states, pointed out in some experiments, is estimated.
Verification of a simple technique for the removal of motion artefacts in electrical impedance epigastrography signals
Authors: A. Gaitanis, M. R. Freedman, N. M. Spyrou
Venue: Proceedings of the international conference on Computational methods in sciences and engineering (2003)

Electrical Impedance Epigastrography (EIE) is a non-invasive method that allows the assessment of gastric emptying rates without using ionizing radiation. This method works by applying an alternating current with a frequency of 32 kHz which can be varied by the operator from 1 to 4 mA, through electrodes over the epigastric region and measuring the potential difference between them. The post acquisition analysis relies on the Short-Time Fourier transform algorithm (STFT) to extract the gastric motility component of the signal (centre frequency of 0.05Hz with a bandwidth of 0.02Hz). The exact influence of motion artefacts was investigated by asking volunteers to carry out a variety of movements. It was clear that the motion artefacts produced positive and negative spikes on the acquired signal. Due to the large frequency range of a delta function, the spikes were producing false positives in the frequency domain, suggesting the presence of gastric motility when there was none, or exaggerating the magnitude of real events. Several attempts were made for removing motion artefacts and an appropriate algorithm was created. The efficacy of the algorithm was tested by using epigastrographic signals stored in a database at University of Surrey.
Facilitating Reuse of Software Components using Repository Technology
Authors: Jihyun Lee, Jinsam Kim, Gyu-Sang Shin
Venue: Proceedings of the Tenth Asia-Pacific Software Engineering Conference Software Engineering Conference (2003)

Identifying a reusable component and its functionalityis important to heighten productivity of component-basedsoftware. A component repository is required to facilitatestoring and maintaining reusable software componentsefficiently. This paper describes the componentrepository, which supports to facilitate reuse of softwarecomponent in component-based software development.Our component repository provides functionality forcomponent reuse process such as specification viewing,adapting, testing, and deploying. Through the componentrepository with these functions, components can beefficiently reused in component reuse process.
Behavioral Authentication of Server Flows
Authors: James P. Early, Carla E. Brodley, Catherine Rosenberg
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th Annual Computer Security Applications Conference (2003)

Understanding the nature of the information flowing intoand out of a system or network is fundamental to determiningif there is adherence to a usage policy. Traditional methodsof determining traffic type rely on the port label carriedin the packet header. This method can fail, however, in thepresence of proxy servers that re-map port numbers or hostservices that have been compromised to act as backdoors orcovert channels.We present an approach to classify server traffic basedon decision trees learned during a training phase. The treesare constructed from traffic described using a set of featureswe designed to capture stream behavior. Because our classificationof the traffic type is independent of port label, it providesa more accurate classification in the presence of maliciousactivity. An empirical evaluation illustrates that modelsof both aggregate protocol behavior and host-specificprotocol behavior obtain classification accuracies rangingfrom 82-100%.
Constructing the hallucinations of psychosis in virtual reality
Authors: Jasmine Banks, Geoffery Ericksson, Kevin Burrage, Peter Yellowlees, Sean Ivermee, Jennifer Tichon
Venue: Journal of Network and Computer Applications (2004)

Schizophrenia is a mental disorder affecting 1-2% of the population and it is estimated 12-16% of hospital beds in Australia are occupied by patients with psychosis. The suicide rate for patients with this diagnosis is higher than that of the general population. Any technique which enhances training and treatment of this disorder will have a significant societal and economic impact. A significant research project using Virtual Reality (VR), in which both visual and auditory hallucinations are simulated, is currently being undertaken at the University of Queensland. The virtual environments created by the new software are expected to enhance the experiential learning outcomes of medical students by enabling them to experience the inner world of a patient with psychosis. In addition the Virtual Environment has the potential to provide a technologically advanced therapeutic setting where behavioral, exposure therapies can be conducted with exactly controlled exposure stimuli with an expected reduction in risk of harm. This paper reports on the current work of the project, previous stages of software development and future educational and clinical applications of the Virtual Environments.
An experimental study of some control parameters in parallel genetic programming
Authors: Hongqing Cao, Jingxian Yu, Lishan Kang, R. I. Bob McKay
Venue: Neural, Parallel Scientific Computations (2003)

Using the evolutionary modeling of system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) as the test problem, this paper primarily investigates the influences of some important parallel control parameters within parallel genetic programming (GP), including the degree of connectivity between demes, the migration rate, the migration generation interval, and the migration policy, on the performance of the parallel evolutionary modeling algorithm (PEMA), which is measured from two perspectives: the solution quality and the parallel speedup. We compare the results with previous theoretical and experimental work in parallel genetic algorithms (GAs), and try to give some plausible analysis and explanations. The results may help to offer some useful design guidelines for researchers using parallel GP.
A Trajectory Planning Approach for the Regulation of the Induction Motor
Authors: H. Sira-ramírez, C. Aguilar-ibáñez
Venue: Journal of Dynamical and Control Systems (2004)

An output feedback passivity based controller is suitably combined with an off-line trajectory planning for the equilibrium to equilibrium regulation of the nonlinear induction motor. As obtained from computer simulations, the proposed dynamic feedback controller naturally sustains the presence of un-modelled constant load torque perturbations and it is robust with respect to discontinuous variations of the rotor resistance parameter.
Deterministic Boltzmann solver for electron kinetics in plasma reactors for microelectronics applications
Authors: Vladimir Kolobov, Robert Arslanbekov
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2003)

A kinetic module has been developed in the commercial software package CFD-ACE+ and applied to simulations of plasma reactors for microelectronics applications. The kinetic module solves the Boltzmann transport equation (BTE) using two-term spherical harmonics expansion (SHE) of the probability distribution function (PDF). This method reduces the 6D BTE to a Fokker Planck equation in a four-dimensional space (three spatial coordinates+energy) offering a very good compromise between physical accuracy and numerical efficiency. This paper describes the design of the kinetic module and its current status and applications to electron kinetics in gas discharges. The kinetic module is coupled to other modules in CFD-ACE+ for self-consistent kinetic simulations of plasmas. The Fokker-Planck equation is solved for the electron energy probability function (EEPF) providing macroscopic characteristics (electron density, fluxes, rates of electron induced chemical reactions, etc.), Using these quantities, the transport of ions and neutrals in plasmas is simulated using a continuum model. The electromagnetic fields are calculated by solving Maxwell equations in the potential formulation (scalar electric and vector magnetic potentials). Several examples of hybrid kinetic simulations of plasma reactors are described including inductively coupled plasma (ICP), and classical DC glow discharges in electropositive and electronegative gases. The developed Boltzmann solver expands the applicability of computational plasma models to low gas pressures and enhances accuracy and fidelity of plasma simulations.
Towards nanoscale three-dimensional fabrication using two-photon initiated polymerization and near-field excitation
Authors: Brenda J. Postnikova, John Currie, Thomas Doyle, Robert E. Hanes, Eric V. Anslyn, Jason B. Shear, David E. Vanden Bout
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2003)

In this paper, we examine the feasibility of two-photon initiated polymerization (TPIP) using the enhanced field generated at the apex of a gold tip as the excitation source. We constructed three-dimensional polymeric objects to demonstrate TPIP using a previously described two-photon absorbing chromophore with a large two-photon absorption cross-section, δ, and an acrylate resin with our fabrication instrument. The minimum power capable of TPIP 'writing' was determined with our instrumentation. As a model system for near-field excitation, NFE, we fabricated an array of gold tips on a glass substrate using nanosphere lithography. Using our minimum writing power as a guide, we exposed the two-photon excitable resin spun onto an array of gold tips. Polymeric structures were fabricated on the array of gold tips and the AFM images of the resulting structures suggest increased polymerization in the vicinity of the gold tips.
Designing digital phenomenaria: the bee dance
Authors: Tom Moher, David Haas, Janet Kim, Andrew Johnson
Venue: ACM SIGGRAPH 2003 Educators Program (2003)

Third- and sixth-grade students used a graphical simulation of the honeybee dance presented on a plasma panel deployed for several weeks in the corner of their classrooms. Among third graders, acceptance was hindered by discrepancies between the representation of phenomena in the simulation and students' prior knowledge of those phenomena. Sixth graders were forgiving of fidelity limitations, but experienced delays in learning due to their imposition of a "video game" interpretation of the activity.