ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Why People e-File (or Don't e-File) Their Income Taxes
Authors: Linda M. Gallant, Mary J. Culnan, Patrick McLoughlin
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (2007)

In 2005, 52% of taxpayers filed their federal returns electronically. This is far short of the IRS goal of having 80% of returns filed electronically by 2007. Using the e-commerce technology adoption literature, this exploratory study investigates factors that differentiate e-filers from non-e-filers. People who efile perceived e-filing to be less useful measured as convenience, and less expensive than non-e-filers, with convenience making the greatest contribution. The results for perceived usefulness were unexpected. People who e-file also perceived e-filing to be safer but less easy-to-use than those who do not e-file; however, these variables were not significant discriminators of e-filers from those who did not e-file. As the costs associated with e-filing differentiate it from most other consumer e-commerce applications, this study contributes to the e-commerce technology adoption literature. Further, the findings suggest that the e-commerce adoption literature is an appropriate theoretical basis for studying adoption of egovernment applications.
Adding group communication and fault-tolerance to CORBA
Authors: Silvano Maffeis
Venue: Proceedings of the USENIX Conference on Object-Oriented Technologies on USENIX Conference on Object-Oriented Technologies (COOTS) (1995)

Groupware and fault-tolerant distributed systems stimulate the need for structuring activities around object-groups and reliable multicast communication. The object-group abstraction permits to treat a collection of network-objects as if they were a single object; clients can invoke operations on object-groups without needing to know the exact membership of the group. Object-groups mainly serve to increase reliability through replication, performance through parallelism, or to distribute data from one sender to a large number of receivers efficiently. This paper describes how object-groups and reliable multicast communication can be added to a CORBA compliant Object Request Broker. It also presents ELECTRA -- a CORBA Object Request Broker whose architecture is pervaded by the group concept.
Model-based sound synthesis of tanbur, a Turkish long-necked lute
Authors: C. Erkut
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 02 (2000)

Physics-based simulation and sound synthesis of the tanbur, a traditional Turkish long-necked lute is tackled by two computational models based on digital waveguides. A linear generic dual-polarization simulation including sympathetic coupling is calibrated according to recorded sound examples. The other approach utilizes a specific model that incorporates a nonlinear tension modulation mechanism that is pronounced in the tanbur. The nonlinear implementation can accurately reproduce features such as variation of the fundamental frequency, nonlinear coupling of the harmonic partials, and tension modulation driving force coupling to the body. The synthesis results of both models are justified by audio demonstrations.
Semantic Clinical Process Management
Authors: Massimo Ruffolo, Marco Manna, Vittoria Cozza, Raffaello Ursino
Venue: Proceedings of the Twentieth IEEE International Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems (2007)

This work describes a clinical process management system aimed to support a processcentred vision of health care practices. The system is founded on knowledge representation and semantic information extraction approaches allowing medical knowledge modelling and acquisition. At the heart of the system there are formalisms and languages well suited for representing, clinical processes as workflows, medical and domain knowledge as ontologies and rules enabling the recognition of semantic patterns representing ontology concepts. The system acquires and stores clinical process instances into a medical knowledge base which parameters are obtained exploiting a semantic information extraction approach enabling automatic medical knowledge acquisition from unstructured clinical documents. The main goal of the system is to assists health care professional in executing and monitoring clinical processes by providing functionalities for automatic knowledge acquisition. Acquired information can be analyzed for identifying main causes of medical errors, high costs and, potentially, to suggest clinical processes restructuring or improvement able to enhance cost control and patient safety.
Combining Product Lines and Model-Based Development
Authors: Bernhard Schätz
Venue: Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science (ENTCS) (2007)

Using model-based development has shown to increase efficiency and effectiveness of software production. However, with software as an integral part of products with customized functionalities, explicit treatment of product lines is increasingly becoming necessary to cope with this additional complexity. To combine these aspects, which are generally considered only in isolation, a conceptual model addressing both the aspects of product-line engineering as well as aspects of component systems is introduced, and the consequences concerning product line identification and instantiation are illustrated.
Speaker normalized spectral subband parameters for noise robust speech recognition
Authors: S. Tsuge
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1999. on 1999 IEEE International Conference - Volume 01 (1999)

This paper proposes speaker normalized spectral subband centroids (SSCs) as supplementary features in noise environment speech recognition. SSCs are computed as frequency centroids for each subband from the power spectrum of the speech signal. Since the conventional SSCs depend on the formant frequencies of a speaker, we introduce a speaker normalization technique into SSC computation to reduce the speaker variability. Experimental results on spontaneous speech recognition show that the speaker normalized SSCs are more useful as supplementary features for improving the recognition performance than the conventional SSCs.
If It's All about Yield, Why Talk about Testing?
Authors: Rene Segers
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th IEEE European Test Symposium (2007)

This talk will discuss the evolution of test and diagnosis, in the broad sense, over the recent years as well as the outlook into the future. Test, as it was only recently a pure discriminator between good and bad, has gained significant more added value by acting also a feedback loop towards the manufacturing process of Integrated Circuits. Of course, this feedback loop was already there, but was limited to information on test bin level from a tester. In the last couple of years, this has changed dramatically, and we are now able to pinpoint to circuit coordinates and/or to circuit structures as potential candidates for low yield causes. By linking this diagnosis information to in-line data, a more than direct link to a root cause in the fab can be achieved. And this is not the end of the story. By linking diagnosis to the layout one should be able to even stronger and quicker close the loop between Design, Manufacturing and Test. All of the above will be discussed in the talk, which in a sense could mean that the talk is all about DfX, Design for eXcellence ...
On Hardware Implementations Of DCT and Quantization Blocks for H.264/AVC
Authors: Roman Kordasiewicz, Shahram Shirani
Venue: Journal of VLSI Signal Processing Systems (2007)

H.264/AVC also known as MPEG 4 part 10 or JVT, is a recently established video coding standard by the Joint Video Team (JVT) of the ISO/IEC MPEG and ITU-T VCEG. The main goal of the paper is to give a broader understanding of the design considerations for the transform and quantization blocks from H.264/AVC, by presenting area and speed optimized implementations of these blocks. The area optimized design can be used in low performance applications like mobile devices, while the speed optimized designs can be used in high definition encoders. Various designs with these blocks were synthesized with 0.18 μm TSCM technology and were also implemented on a Xilinx FPGA. The resulting gate counts were anywhere from 294 to 47,762 gates and the throughput was anywhere from 6 to 2,552 M pixels/s depending on block and optimization. In addition, a system on a programmable chip implementation of the DCT and quantization blocks is presented, which uses the Xilinx Virtex II-Pro's FPGA and its Power PC. Using this system it is possible to process 0.8 M pixels/s.
A Tcl-based self-configuring embedded system debugger
Authors: Dale Parson, Paul Beatty, Bryan Schlieder
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th conference on Annual Tcl/Tk Workshop 1997 - Volume 5 (1997)

The Tcl Environment for Extensible Modeling is a software system from Bell Labs for the simulation, hardware emulation and debugging of heterogeneous multiprocessor embedded systems. These embedded systems contain one or more digital signal processors or microcontrollers that execute real-time software written in assembly language and C. Tcl provides an environment in which embedded system designers can interact easily with their designs. Tcl serves as a processor query language, a modeling language for connecting and scheduling processors, an extension language for adding both model and environment enhancements, and as a user interface implementation language. Tcl's C API and calling conventions provide C and C++-level standards and portable libraries. The Tcl interpreter extends readily into a self-configuring simulation-emulation-debugging tool set. This tool set can use new processor types and new processor arithmetic without tool recompilation. This paper looks at exploitation of Tcl from a system perspective, and at some technical problems and solutions in applying Tcl.
Architecture Design for Globally Distributed Projects
Authors: Matthew Bass, Raghvinder Sangwan, Michael Smith
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth Working IEEE/IFIP Conference on Software Architecture (2007)

With ever increasing globalization, it is common to develop systems with teams that span organizational and geographic boundaries. Developing software intensive systems within a global software development (GSD) environment presents unique challenges. Physical and cultural distance sometimes impedes the ability of an organization to coordinate. It is therefore critical to recognize the ways in which an architecture design implies coordination, and ensure that the development organization is able to accommodate such coordination.
Interleaved hop-by-hop authentication against false data injection attacks in sensor networks
Authors: Sencun Zhu, Sanjeev Setia, Sushil Jajodia, Peng Ning
Venue: ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks (TOSN) (2007)

Sensor networks are often deployed in unattended environments, thus leaving these networks vulnerable to false data injection attacks in which an adversary injects false data into the network with the goal of deceiving the base station or depleting the resources of the relaying nodes. Standard authentication mechanisms cannot prevent this attack if the adversary has compromised one or a small number of sensor nodes. We present three interleaved hop-by-hop authentication schemes that guarantee that the base station can detect injected false data immediately when no more than t nodes are compromised, where t is a system design parameter. Moreover, these schemes enable an intermediate forwarding node to detect and discard false data packets as early as possible. Our performance analysis shows that our scheme is efficient with respect to the security it provides, and it also allows a tradeoff between security and performance. A prototype implementation of our scheme indicates that our scheme is practical and can be deployed on the current generation of sensor nodes.
Service Management: Driving the Future of IT
Authors: Ben Clacy, Brian Jennings
Venue: Computer (2007)

Global information technology service management adoption has grown exponentially under the aegis of the IT Service Management Forum.
Efficient Clustering for Orders
Authors: Toshihiro Kamishima, Shotaro Akaho
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Data Mining - Workshops (2006)

Lists of ordered objects are widely used as representational forms. Such ordered objects include Web search results or best-seller lists. Clustering is a useful data analysis technique for grouping mutually similar objects. To cluster orders, hierarchical clustering methods have been used together with dissimilarities defined between pairs of orders. However, hierarchical clustering methods cannot be applied to large-scale data due to their computational cost in terms of the number of orders. To avoid this problem, we developed an k-o'means algorithm. This algorithm successfully extracted grouping structures in orders, and was computationally efficient with respect to the number of orders. However, it was not efficient in cases where there are too many possible objects yet. We therefore propose a new method (k-o'means-EBC), grounded on a theory of order statistics. We further propose several techniques to analyze acquired clusters of orders.
An open-source cryptographic coprocessor
Authors: Peter Gutmann
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th conference on USENIX Security Symposium - Volume 9 (2000)

Current crypto implementations rely on software running under general-purpose operating systems alongside a horde of untrusted applications, ActiveX controls, web browser plugins, mailers handling messages with embedded active content, and numerous other threats to security, with only the OS's (often almost nonexistant) security to keep the two apart. This paper presents a general-purpose open-source crypto coprocessor capable of securely performing crypto operations such as key management, certificate creation and handling, and email encryption, decryption, and signing, at a cost one to two orders of magnitude below that of commercial equivalents while providing generally equivalent performance and a higher level of functionality. The paper examines various issues involved in designing the coprocessor, and explores options for hardware acceleration of crypto operations for extended performance above and beyond that offered by the basic coprocessor's COTS hardware.
Low Latency Clock Domain Transfer for Simultaneously Mesochronous, Plesiochronous and Heterochronous Interfaces
Authors: Wade L. Williams, Philip E. Madrid, Scott C. Johnson
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th IEEE International Symposium on Asynchronous Circuits and Systems (2007)

Microprocessors are employing higher levels of system integration for both higher performance and lower system cost. In doing so, problems that used to be apparent inter-device are now found intraprocessor. The integration of the processor core with other units such as the north bridge often increase the number of clock domains within the device. In addition, the frequency of the external interfaces has increased at a much higher rate than the processor frequency. This trend will continue with the advent of multi-core processors which have increasing bandwidth demands. However, as the characteristics of the clock domains become more complex, the problem compounds the burden on the clock domain transfer mechanism to achieve low latency. Presented here is an easily implementable, low latency solution for clock domain transfer in the presence of high frequency mesochronous, plesiochronous, and heterochronous clock signaling.
Topological-based classification using artificial gene networks
Authors: Chun-Chi Liu, W.-S. E. Chen
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE International Conference on Cognitive Informatics (2005)

The topological properties of artificial gene networks that rely on the assessment of similarities between the expressions profile of gene pairs would be consistent with specific cellular states. Furthermore, some topological properties of the network would have significant variance regarding different cellular states. In this study, we proposed a novel and highly efficient computational framework for a topological-based classification using microarray gene expression data. Owing to the high prediction accuracy with this approach, we believe that there is a noticeable advantage of using topological-based classification. We used the microarray gene expression data sets containing 14 classes of cancer to construct 14 basic artificial gene networks accordingly. For each test sample, we add the sample into the data set of each class and reconstruct all of the networks. Cancer type was classified according to the correlation of topological quantity between the basic artificial gene networks and the reconstructed networks. Total classification accuracy can achieve 78.26% in the test data set (95.83% in the standard data set). After screening the quality of the standard data set, we can achieve a prediction accuracy of 86.48% in the test data set. Thus, we can achieve higher prediction accuracy in comparison to previous studies.
Joining security realms: a single login for netware and kerberos
Authors: William A. Adamson, Jim Rees, Peter Honeyman
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th conference on USENIX UNIX Security Symposium - Volume 5 (1995)

Accommodating disjoint security realms is a challenge for administrators who have to maintain duplicate data sets and for users who need to recall multiple pass phrases, yet joining security realms together can expose one realm to the weaknesses of the other. In this paper, we compare the Kerberos and NetWare security realms, examine methods of joining the two realms under a single login, and propose an attractive single login design.
Programming with Functional Memory
Authors: Richard Halverson,  Jr., Art Lew
Venue: Proceedings of the 1994 International Conference on Parallel Processing - Volume 01 (1994)

Functional memory (FM) uses memory mapped reprogrammable field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) for fine-grained parallel processing. Multi-operand expressions are computed in combinational logic eliminating processor computation steps. FPGAs capture operands as memory is written, eliminating separate processor load-stores to pass operands. This paper describes how program expressions can be implemented in FM, including branch address computations. It concludes with a load store analysis comparing a conventional von Neumann processor with and without FM for a shortest path program. The load store count stays about the same but eliminating the computation steps results in a one-third step reduction overall with FM.
Learning for efficient retrieval of structured data with noisy queries
Authors: Charles Parker, Alan Fern, Prasad Tadepalli
Venue: Proceedings of the 24th international conference on Machine learning (2007)

Increasingly large collections of structured data necessitate the development of efficient, noise-tolerant retrieval tools. In this work, we consider this issue and describe an approach to learn a similarity function that is not only accurate, but that also increases the effectiveness of retrieval data structures. We present an algorithm that uses functional gradient boosting to maximize both retrieval accuracy and the retrieval efficiency of vantage point trees. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach on two datasets, including a moderately sized real-world dataset of folk music.
Diagnosis, modeling and tolerance of scan chain hold-time violations
Authors: Ozgur Sinanoglu, Philip Schremmer
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe (2007)

Errors in timing closure process during the physical design stage may result in systematic silicon failures, such as scan chain hold time violations, which prohibit the test of manufactured chips. In this paper, we propose a set of techniques that enable the accurate pinpointing of hold time violating scan cells, their modeling and tolerance, paving the way for the generation of valid test data that can be used to test chips with such systematic failures. The process yield is thus restored, as chips that are functional in mission mode can still be identified and shipped out, despite the existence of scan chain hold time failures. The techniques that we propose are non-intrusive, as they utilize only basic scan capabilities, and thus impose no design changes. Scan cells with hold time violations can be identified with maximal possible resolution, enabling the incorporation of the associated impact during the ATPG process and thus the generation of valid test data for the chips with such systematic failures.
The Compact Three Stages Method of the Signature Recognition
Authors: Piotr Porwik
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Computer Information Systems and Industrial Management Applications (2007)

In this paper the off-line type signature analysis have been considered. Signature image by means of three different approaches is analysed, what allows to define features (weights) of the signature. Different influences of such features were tested and stated. In this paper, personal signature is preprocessed and in the three stages signature is processed. In proposed approach the Hough transform is introduced, centre of signature gravity is determined, and the horizontal and vertical signature histograms are performed. Proposed approach gives good signature recognition level, hence described method can be used in many areas, for example in biometric authentication, as biometric computer protection or as method of the analysis of person's behaviour changes.
A linearly-constrained approach to the interpolated FIR filtering problem
Authors: L. S. Resende
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 01 (2000)

We introduce the optimum interpolated Wiener filter, which resulted from an original and elegant linearly-constrained approach to the interpolated transversal filtering problem. An accurate analytical model for the mean coefficient behavior of LMS-AIFIR filters is also presented. Simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.
Influence of Bit-Error Rate on the Throughput of STDMA Ad-hoc Network
Authors: Huafeng Wu, Chaojian Shi, Bo Yu, Haiguang Chen, Chuanshan Gao
Venue: Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems Workshops (2007)

The spatial reuse TDMA ad hoc network is promising to be extensively used in the fields of aviation and navigation. It is also renamed "Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast", or ADS-B and "Automatic Identification System", or AIS. With the rapid increase of mobile nodes, namely the flights and ships, the throughput of such kind of special ad hoc network deserves more attention. In such a network, the packet protocol is based on the High Level Data Link Communication (HDLC) packet structure. If one error bit is detected, the entire packet should be discarded, which may further impact some other packets, making the throughput and capacity directly or indirectly affected. In this paper, we analyze the ways how bit-error influences the throughput. Simulations are also conducted to evaluate the extent to which the throughput is affected by Bit-Error rate. Finally, we make several suggestions based on the simulation results.