ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Automatic Composition Techniques for Video Production
Authors: Gulrukh Ahanger, Thomas D. C. Little
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering (1998)

Video production involves the process of capturing, editing, and composing video segments for delivery to a consumer. A composition must yield a coherent presentation of an event or narrative. This process can be automated if appropriate domain-specific metadata are associated with video segments and composition techniques are established. Automation leads to the support of dynamic composition and customization for applications such as news on demand. In this paper, we present techniques to achieve dynamic, real-time, and cohesive video composition and customization. We also identify metrics for evaluating our techniques with respect to existing manually produced video-based news. The results of such an evaluation show that the quality of automatic composition is comparable to¿and in some cases, better than¿broadcast news video composition. The results also validate the assertions on which the automatic composition techniques are based.
EVFIT, a MATLAB&#x00AE; program for selecting the best exchange vectors to represent mineral formulae
Authors: Philippe M. Sonnet
Venue: Computers Geosciences (2002)

Exchange vectors provide a convenient way to reduce the number of variables required to express a series of observed structural formulae pertaining to the same mineral. In a previous paper, an algebraic-geometric method was developed for selecting the best subset among any given set of valid exchange vectors, provided that the mineral database is large enough. In this paper, the method is further extended to include examples where the number of mineral formulae is too small. It is implemented in EVFIT, a user-friendly program which runs as script in the MATLAB® software environment. The program generates numerical results (canonical angles and sum of squares) and graphical representations (scatterplot matrices and residual error "spherical graphs") which provide the user with the necessary criteria for determining the smallest exchange vector subset that still represents the formulae with sufficient accuracy.
Strategic Planning for Expert Systems
Authors: Bernard Moulin
Venue: IEEE Expert: Intelligent Systems and Their Applications (1990)

Some lessons drawn from experience in devising a master plan introducing expert system technology at La Laurentienne, Mutuelle d'Assurance, a Canadian mutual-benefit insurance company, are presented. The organizational setting and the approach used to develop the master plan are described. The evaluation of potential applications is discussed.
On Probabilistic Diagnosis of Multiprocessor Systems Using Multiple Syndromes
Authors: S. Lee, K. G. Shin
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems (1994)

This paper addresses the distributed self-diagnosis of a multiprocessor/multicomputersystem based on fault syndromes formed by comparison testing. The authors show thatby using multiple fault syndromes, it is possible to achieve significantly better diagnosisthan by using a single fault syndrome, even when the amount of time devoted to testingis the same. They derive a multiple syndrome diagnosis algorithm that in terms of thelevel of diagnostic accuracy achieved, is globally suboptimal, but optimal among alldiagnosis algorithms of a certain type to be defined. The diagnosis algorithm producesgood results, even with sparse interconnection networks and interprocessor tests withlow fault coverage. It is also proven that the diagnosis algorithm produces 100% correctdiagnosis as N, the number of nodes in the system, approaches /spl infin/, provided thatthe interconnection network has connectivity greater than or equal to 2 and that thenumber of syndromes produced grows faster than log N. This solution and anothermultiple syndrome diagnosis solution by Fussell and Rangarajan (1989) are comparatively evaluated, both analytically and with simulations.
A Bayesian EM algorithm for optimal tracking of a maneuvering target in clutter
Authors: Andrew Logothetis, Vikram Krishnamurthy, Jan Holst
Venue: Signal Processing (2002)

The difficulty in tracking a maneuvering target in the presence of false measurements arises from the uncertain origin of the measurements (as a result of the observation/detection process) and the uncertainty in the maneuvering command driving the state of the target. Conditional mean estimates of the target state require a computational cost which is exponential with the number of observations and the levels of the maneuver command.In this paper, we propose an alternative optimal state estimation algorithm. Unlike the conditional mean estimator, which require computational cost exponential in the data length, the proposed iterative algorithm is linear in the data length (per iteration). The proposed iterative off-line algorithm optimally combines a hidden Markov model and a Kalman smoother--the optimality is demonstrated via the expectation maximization algorithm--to yield the maximum a posteriori trajectory estimate of the target state.The algorithm proposed in this paper, uses probabilistic multi-hypothesis (PMHT) techniques for tracking a single maneuvering target in clutter. The extension of our algorithm to multiple maneuvering target tracking is straightforward and details are omitted. Previous applications of the PMHT technique (IEEE Trans. Automat. Control, submitted) have addressed the problem of tracking multiple non-maneuvering targets. These techniques are extended to address the problem of optimal tracking of a maneuvering target in a cluttered environment.
Exploring Hospitals' Adoption of Information Technology
Authors: D. E. Burke, B. B. L. Wang, T. T. H. Wan, M. L. Diana
Venue: Journal of Medical Systems (2002)

This study explores the adoption of information technology (IT) and the association between organizational and market factors, and IT adoption in hospitals. Results suggest that a wide range of amounts and types of IT are adopted. Hospitals with higher overall IT adoption adopt strategic IT most often. Hospitals with lower IT adoption adopt administrative IT most often. Results also show hospital IT adoption to be positively associated with hospital size, location, system membership, ownership, and market competition.
Clearing a Career Path for Software Testers
Authors: Elaine J. Weyuker, Thomas J. Ostrand, JoAnne Brophy, Rathna Prasad
Venue: IEEE Software (2000)

Although effective testing is a critical necessity to successfully produce reliable and dependable software systems, there are few guidelines or formal criteria to determine whether an individual is qualified or has the potential to become an effective software tester. At AT&T, the authors are developing a program to certify software testers by defining a career path that a software tester can follow in going from trainee to certified software test engineer to software testing specialist.
Normalized Kemeny and Snell Distance: A Novel Metric for Quantitative Evaluation of Rank-Order Similarity of Images
Authors: Jiebo Luo, Stephen P. Etz, Robert T. Gray, Amit Singhal
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (2002)

There are needs for evaluating rank order-based similarity between images. Region importance maps from image understanding algorithms or human observer studies are ordered rankings of the pixel locations. We address three problems with Kemeny and Snell's distance (d_{KS}), an existing measure from ordinal ranking theory, when applied to images: its high-computational cost, its bias in favor of images with sparse histograms, and its image-size dependent range of values. We present a novel computationally efficient algorithm for computing d_{KS} between two images and we derive a normalized form \hat{d}_{KS} with no bias whose range is independent of image size. For evaluating similarity between images that can be considered as ordered rankings of pixels, \hat{d}_{KS} is subjectively superior to cross correlation.
Planning and Resource Allocation for Hard Real-time, Fault-Tolerant Plan Execution
Authors: Ella M. Atkins, Tarek F. Abdelzaher, Kang G. Shin, Edmund H. Durfee
Venue: Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems (2001)

We describe the interface between a real-time resource allocation system with an AI planner in order to create fault-tolerant plans that are guaranteed to execute in hard real-time. The planner specifies the task set and all execution deadlines required to ensure system safety, then the resource utilization. A new interface module combines information from planning and resource allocation to enforce development of plans feasible for execution during a variety of internal system faults. Plans that over-utilize any system resource trigger feedback to the planner, which then searches for an alternate plan. A valid plan for each specified fault, including the nominal no-fault situation, is stored in a plan cache for subsequent real-time execution. We situate this work in the context of CIRCA, the Cooperative Intelligent Real-time Control Architecture, which focuses on developing and scheduling plans that make hard real-time safety guarantees, and provide an example of an autonomous aircraft agent to illustrate how our planner-resource allocation interface improves CIRCA performance.
CASE: Reliability Engineering for Information Systems
Authors: Elliot J. Chikofsky, Burt L. Rubenstein
Venue: IEEE Software (1988)

Classical and formal methods of information and software systems development are reviewed. The use of computer-aided software engineering (CASE) is discussed. These automated environments and tools make it practical and economical to use formal system-development methods. Their features, tools, and adaptability are discussed. The opportunities that CASE environments provide to use analysis techniques to assess the reliability of information systems before they are implemented and to audit a completed system against its design and maintain the system description as accurate documentation are examined.
Ownership types for object encapsulation
Authors: Chandrasekhar Boyapati, Barbara Liskov, Liuba Shrira
Venue: ACM SIGPLAN Notices (2003)

Ownership types provide a statically enforceable way of specifying object encapsulation and enable local reasoning about program correctness in object-oriented languages. However, a type system that enforces strict object encapsulation is too constraining: it does not allow efficient implementation of important constructs like iterators. This paper argues that the right way to solve the problem is to allow objects of classes defined in the same module to have privileged access to each other's representations; we show how to do this for inner classes. This approach allows programmers to express constructs like iterators and yet supports local reasoning about the correctness of the classes, because a class and its inner classes together can be reasoned about as a module. The paper also sketches how we use our variant of ownership types to enable efficient software upgrades in persistent object stores.
B-spline Contour Representation and Symmetry Detection
Authors: P. Saint-Marc, H. Rom, G. Medioni
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (1993)

The detection of edges is only one of many steps in the understanding of images. Further processing necessarily involves grouping operations between contours. We present a representation of edge contours by approximating B-splines and show that such a representation facilitates the extraction of symmetries between contours. Our representation is rich, compact, stable, and does not critically depend on feature extraction. We turn our attention to the detection of three types of symmetries: skew symmetries and parallel symmetries, which have proven to be of great importance in inferring shape from contour, and smooth local symmetries, which have been used for planar shape description. We show that our representation facilitates the computation of these symmetries.
A Hybrid Estimator for Selectivity Estimation
Authors: Yibei Ling, Wei Sun, Naphtali D. Rishe, Xianjing Xiang
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering (1999)

Traditional sampling-based estimators infer the actual selectivity of a query based purely on runtime information gathering, excluding the previously collected information, which underutilizes the information available. Table-based and parametric estimators extrapolate the actual selectivity of a query based only on the previously collected information, ignoring on-line information, which results in inaccurate estimation in a frequently updated environment. We propose a novel hybrid estimator that utilizes and optimally combines the on-line and previously collected information. Theoretical analysis demonstrates that the on-line and previously collected information is complementary and that the comprehensive utilization of the on-line and previously collected information is of value for further performance improvement. Our theoretical results are validated by a comprehensive experimental study using a practical database, in the presence of insert, delete, and update operations. The hybrid approach is very promising in the sense that it provides the adaptive mechanism that allows the optimal combination of information obtained from different sources in order to achieve a higher estimation accuracy and reliability.
The ROSE Data Manager: Using Object Technology to Support Interactive Engineering Applications
Authors: M. Hardwick, D. L. Spooner
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering (1989)

The relational object system for engineering (ROSE) is an experimental database system for interactive engineering applications. The ROSE system and the way it uses object technology are described. The system has an open architecture which allows new tools to be added easily. Several tools are described, including an inheritance manager, version control system, and user interface manager. These tools enhance the ROSE system and broaden its application to other types of data-management problems.
A case study on multiresolution visualization of local rainfall from weather radar measurements
Authors: Thomas Gerstner, Dirk Meetschen, Susanne Crewell, Michael Griebel, Clemens Simmer
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on Visualization '02 (2002)

Weather radars can measure the backscatter from rain drops in the atmosphere. A complete radar scan provides three-dimensional precipitation information. For the understanding of the underlying atmospheric processes interactive visualization of these data sets is necessary. This is a challenging task due to the size, structure and required context of the data. In this case study, a multiresolution approach for real-time simultaneous visualization of radar measurements together with the corresponding terrain data is illustrated.
Shortening the Design Cycle for Programmable Logic
Authors: Steven H. Kelem, Jorge P. Seidel
Venue: IEEE Design Test (1992)

X-BLOX, a software tool for mapping architecture-independent designs to field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), is described. X-BLOX synthesizes a delay- and area-efficient logic-level design from an input specification consisting of a network of generic modules. The tool automatically propagates partial data type specification, performs architecture-specific design optimization, and performs context-dependent module synthesis.
A Multilayered Self-Organizing Artificial Neural Network for Invariant Pattern Recognition
Authors: J. I. Minnix, E. S. McVey, R. M. Iñigo
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering (1992)

An artificial neural network that self-organizes to recognize various images presented as a training set is described. One application of the network uses multiple functionally disjoint stages to provide pattern recognition that is invariant to translations of the object in the image plane. The general form of the network uses three stages that perform the functionally disjoint tasks of preprocessing, invariance, and recognition. The preprocessing stage is a single layer of processing elements that performs dynamic thresholding and intensity scaling. The invariance stage is a multilayered connectionist implementation of a modified Walsh-Hadamard transform used for generating an invariant representation of the image. The recognition stage is a multilayered self-organizing neural network that learns to recognize the representation of the input image generated by the invariance stage. The network can successfully self-organize to recognize objects without regard to the location of the object in the image field and has some resistance to noise and distortions.
Game domination number
Authors: Noga Alon, József Balogh, Béla Bollobás, Tamás Szabó
Venue: Discrete Mathematics (2002)

The game domination number of a (simple, undirected) graph is defined by the following game. Two players, A and D, orient the edges of the graph alternately until all edges are oriented. Player D starts the game, and his goal is to decrease the domination number of the resulting digraph, while A is trying to increase it. The game domination number of the graph G, denoted by γg(G), is the domination number of the directed graph resulting from this game. This is well defined if we suppose that both players follow their optimal strategies. We determine the game domination number for several classes of graphs and provide general inequalities relating it to other graph parameters.
Geometric generalization of the exponential law
Authors: V. Henschel, W.-D. Richter
Venue: Journal of Multivariate Analysis (2002)

For the multivariate l1-norm symmetric distributions, which are generalizations of the n-dimensional exponential distribution with independent marginals, a geometric representation formula is given, together with some of its basic properties. This formula can especially be applied to a new developed and statistically well motivated system of sets. From that the distribution of a t-statistic adapted for the two-parameter exponential distribution and its generalizations is determined. Asymptotic normality of this adapted t-statistic is shown under certain conditions.
An ElGamal-Like Cryptosystem for Enciphering Large Messages
Authors: M. S. Hwang, C. C. Chang, K. F. Hwang
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering (2002)

In practice, we usually require two cryptosystems, an asymmetric one and a symmetric one, to encrypt a large confidential message. The asymmetric cryptosystem is used to deliver secret key $SK$, while the symmetric cryptosystem is used to encrypt a large confidential message with the secret key $SK$. In this article, we propose a simple cryptosystem which allows a large confidential message to be encrypted efficiently. Our scheme is based on the Diffie-Hellman distribution scheme, together with the ElGamal cryptosystem.
A new approach to identify big rocks with applications to the mining industry
Authors: Enrique Cabello, M. Araceli Sánchez, Javier Delgado
Venue: Real-Time Imaging (2002)

Detection of big rocks is an important, even critical, problem in the mining industry due to the risk of machine blockage causing high costs. This paper presents a computer-vision-based method to detect big rocks in a real mining industry. Our system, based on a mixture of image processing techniques and neural networks, works as follows: once the image is taken, a pre-processing step is performed, filtering the image and extracting a det of candidate rocks. Then a neural networks processes the candidate rocks to ensure correct detection. A tracking algorithm is then aplied to avoid false detection due to rock grouping. Using geometrical information, it is possible to estimate the real dimensions of the rocks. Our computer vision system satisfies time constrains imposed by the imdustry to work in real time and is currently operating. The algorithm presented is independent of the rocks shape. Results obtained during nine months of unsupervised work are provided, showing that our system is able to work under different light conditions and is robust enough to face real work conditions.
Performance Measurement of Main Memory Database Recovery Algorithms Based on Update-in-Place and Shadow Approaches
Authors: V. Kumar, A. Burger
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering (1992)

The authors present a performance study of two main memory database recovery algorithms, one using a shadow approach and the other update-in-place. The results show that in main memory databases, shadow approach performs better than update-in-place. The authors introduce minor improvements to the shadow scheme and show that the modified algorithm does show further performance improvement.
A Built-in Self-Test Scheme with Diagnostics Support for Embedded SRAM
Authors: Chih-Wea Wang, Chi-Feng Wu, Jin-Fu Li, Cheng-Wen Wu, Tony Teng, Kevin Chiu, Hsiao-Ping Lin
Venue: Journal of Electronic Testing: Theory and Applications (2002)

In this paper we propose a novel built-in self-test (BIST) design for embedded SRAM cores. Our contribution includes a compact and efficient BIST circuit with diagnosis support and an automatic diagnostic system. The diagnosis module of our BIST circuit can capture the error syndromes as well as fault locations for the purposes of repair and fault/failure analysis. In addition, our design provides programmability for custom March algorithms with lower hardware cost. The combination of the on-line programming mode and diagnostic system dramatically reduces the effort in design debugging and yield enhancement. We have designed and implemented test chips with our BIST design. Experimental results show that the area overhead of the proposed BIST design is only 2.4% for a 128 KB SRAM, and 0.65% for a 2 MB one.
Radiation-induced depassivation of latent plasma damage
Authors: G. Cellere, A. Paccagnella, L. Pantisano, M. G. Valentini, O. Flament, O. Mousseau, P. G. Fuochi
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2002)

Plasma treatments are widely used in microelectronic industry but they may leave some residual passivated damage in the gate oxides at the end of the processing. The plasma-induced damage can be amplified by metal interconnects (antenna) attached to the gate during the plasma treatments. Ionising radiation reactivates this latent damage, which produces enhanced oxide charge and Si/SiO2 interface state density. Two CMOS technologies have been investigated, with 5 and 7 nm gate oxides. Threshold voltage shifts, transconductance decrease, and interface traps build-up are always larger for plasma damaged devices than for reference devices.
Interconnection Problems in Modern Computers
Authors: Sergiu Radu, Viorel Onofrei, Mihai ALBULE\c T
Venue: IEEE Design Test (1996)

The new logic families had lead to a spectacular increase of speed operations of digital equipments. At high-frequency, interconnections act as transmission lines, their modeling with lumped circuits being incorrect. In the case of digital signals, the frequency spectrum associated with a tr rise time can be estimated to [eqn], and if the propagation time on the interconnection is comparable to the signal's rise time [eqn], the interconnection must be modeled with distributed parameters, as a transmission line (for example, if [eqn]. Therefore, in modern high-speed computers the interconnection problems become an important factor, limiting the operation speed. Knowing and taking into account these problems from the design stage are essential for a competitive project. This article is an overview of the interconnection problems, focusing on isolated lines' problems and on crosstalk analysis as well, based on the literature and also on the personal researches and experience of the authors.