ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Data Manipulating Functions in Parallel Processors and Their Implementations
Authors: Tse-Yun Feng
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (1974)

This paper shows that there exists a class of functions called data manipulating functions (DMF's), in sequential as well as paralel processors. The circuits used to achieve these functions can be considered to form an independent functional block, called a data manipulator. A basic organization applicable to both sequential and parallel processors is then suggested. The main deviation of a parallel processor orgaization from the conventional Von Neumann organization is seen to be in the bit-slice (bis) manipulating functions. A comprehensive set of bis manipulating functions from the categories of permuting, replicating, spacing and masking is given. Implementation of the last category, the masking functions, is usually through a mask register by defining its content (mask pattern). It is found that for many operations the required mask patterns are periodic and/or monotonic. The upper bounds of generating these patterns are found. The techniques and designs of two data manipulators for the first three categories of DMF's (permuting, replicating, spacing) are given. Periodic and monotonic mask patterns are also used to help in implementing some of these functions. In addition, it is shown that the data manipulator designs presented in this paper are extremely flexible to suit the requirements of various parallel processors.
Automated summarization of narrative video on a semantic level
Authors: Tsvetomira Tsoneva, Mauro Barbieri, Hans Weda
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Semantic Computing (2007)

The movie industry produces thousands of feature films and TV series annually. Such massive data volumes would take consumers more than a lifetime to watch. Therefore, summarization of narrative media, which engages in providing concise and informative video summaries, has become a popular topic of research. However, most of the summarization solutions so far aim to represent just the overall atmosphere of the video at the expense of the story line. In this paper we describe a novel approach for automated creation of summaries for narrative videos. We propose an automated content analysis and summarization framework for creating moving-image summaries. We aim at preserving the story line to the level that users can watch the summary instead of the original content. Our solution is based on textual cues available in subtitles and movie scripts. We extract features like keywords, main characters names and presence, and combine them in an importance function to identify the moments most relevant for preserving the story line. We develop several summarization methods and evaluate the quality of the resulting summaries in terms of user understanding and user satisfaction through a user test.
Estimated financial savings associated with health information exchange and ambulatory care referral
Authors: Mark E. Frisse, Rodney L. Holmes
Venue: Journal of Biomedical Informatics (2007)

Data and financial models based on an operational health information exchange suggest that health care delivery costs can be reduced by making clinical data available at the time of care in urban emergency departments. Reductions are the result of decreases in laboratory and radiographic tests, fewer admissions for observation, and lower overall emergency department costs. The likelihood of reducing these costs depends on the extent to which clinicians alter their workflow and take into account information available through the exchange from other institutions prior to initiating a treatment plan. Far greater savings can be realized in theory by identifying individuals presenting to emergency departments whose acute and long-term care needs are more suitably addressed at lower costs in ambulatory settings or medical homes. These alternative ambulatory settings can more effectively address the chronic care needs of those who receive most of their care in emergency departments. To support a shift from emergency room care to clinic care, health care information available through the health information exchange must be made available in both emergency department and ambulatory care settings. If practice workflow and patient behavior can be changed, a more effective and efficient care delivery system will be made possible through the secure exchange of clinical information across regional settings. These projections support the case for the financial viability of regional health information exchanges and motivate participation of hospitals and ambulatory care organizations-particularly in urban settings.
Modeling Heterogeneous User Churn and Local Resilience of Unstructured P2P Networks
Authors: Zhongmei Yao, Derek Leonard, Xiaoming Wang, Dmitri Loguinov
Venue: Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE International Conference on Network Protocols (2006)

Previous analytical results on the resilience of un-structured P2P systems have not explicitly modeled heterogeneity of userchurn (i.e., difference in online behavior) or the impact of in-degree on system resilience. To overcome these limitations,we introduce a generic model of heterogeneous user churn, derive the distribution of the various metrics observed in priorexperimental studies (e.g., lifetime distribution of joining users, joint distribution of session time of alive peers, andresidual lifetime of a randomly selected user), derive several closed-form results on the transient behavior of in-degree,and eventually obtain the joint in/out degree isolation probability as a simple extension of the out-degree model in [13].
A fuzzy evolutionary approach to the classification problem
Authors: Ferdinando Cicalese, Vincenzo Loia
Venue: Journal of Intelligent Fuzzy Systems: Applications in Engineering and Technology (1998)

Genetic algorithms are powerful and robust heuristic adaptation procedures suggested by biological evolution and molecular genetics. Fuzzy set theory and fuzzy logic have been proposed in order to provide some means for representing and manipulating imprecision and vagueness. In this paper genetic algorithms and fuzzy logic are combined in a uniform framework suitable for fuzzy classification. We discuss how a fuzzy classification methodology introduced in previous papers has been improved by becoming part of a genetic algorithm. The resulting genetic fuzzy classification technique shows increased sensitivity of solution, avoids the effect of fuzzy numbers grouping and allows for more effective search over solution space.
A running time analysis of an Ant Colony Optimization algorithm for shortest paths in directed acyclic graphs
Authors: Nattapat Attiratanasunthron, Jittat Fakcharoenphol
Venue: Information Processing Letters (2008)

In this paper, we prove polynomial running time bounds for an Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm for the single-destination shortest path problem on directed acyclic graphs. More specifically, we show that the expected number of iterations required for an ACO-based algorithm with n ants is O(1@rn^2mlogn) for graphs with n nodes and m edges, where @r is an evaporation rate. This result can be modified to show that an ACO-based algorithm for One-Max with multiple ants converges in expected O(1@rn^2logn) iterations, where n is the number of variables. This result stands in sharp contrast with that of Neumann and Witt, where a single-ant algorithm is shown to require an exponential running time if @r=O(n^-^1^-^@e) for any @e>0.
Ghost in the Virtual Machine
Authors: Ivan Arce
Venue: IEEE Security and Privacy (2007)

Virtual machines and virtualization technologies aren't new to the computing world--they've been used for at least 40 years. Recently, the availability of virtualization software for low-cost computer equipment and the promise of both tangible reductions on total cost of ownership and rapid return on investment on virtualization projects have moved many organizations to adopt it as a key component of their IT strategy. In this installment of Attack Trends, I'll look at this technology trend with an eye toward security and analyze past and present advances in offensive security tools and techniques
Introduction
Authors: Riccardo Pucella
Venue: ACM SIGACT News (2007)

In this issue, Lomuscio and Penczek survey some of the recent work in verification of temporal-epistemic logic via symbolic model checking, focussing on OBDD-based and SAT-based approaches for epistemic logics built on discrete and real-time branching time temporal logics.
Computer-Aided Design: Simulation of Digital Design Logic
Authors: G. G. Hays
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (1969)

In the ever-increasing trend to relieve man of time consuming menial tasks via automation, the digital logic designer's tasks have come under study. Various phases of this work are now being performed by computers. One of these phases, simulation of digital designs, is the topic of this paper.
Adaptive Increase and Adaptive Decrease Algorithm for Wireless TCP
Authors: Lin Cui, Seok J. Koh, Xin Cui, Yong Jin Kim
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Natural Computation - Volume 02 (2007)

This paper proposes a new error and congestion control scheme using corruption-aware adaptive increase and adaptive decrease algorithm to improve TCP performance over wireless/heterogeneous networks. In the proposed scheme, the slow start threshold is estimated based on the amount of the received integral data as well as the amount of the received corrupted data as per round trip time interval, and only updated when the lost but not the corrupted segment is detected by the sender, since the corrupted packets also still arrive at TCP receiver. On the other hand, the duplicated ACKs can be processed differently by the sender depending on whether there are any unrecovered lost but not corrupted segments. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme could significantly improve TCP throughput performance over the heterogeneous networks with a high bit error rate, compared to the existing TCP and its variants.
Distributed optimal self-organization in ad hoc wireless sensor networks
Authors: Aditya Karnik, Anurag Kumar
Venue: IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON) (2007)

This work is motivated by the idea of using randomly deployed wireless networks of miniature smart sensors to serve as distributed instrumentation. In such applications, often the objective of the sensor network is to repeatedly compute and, if required, deliver to an observer some result based on the values measured at the sensors. We argue that in such applications it is important for the sensors to self-organize in a way that optimizes network throughput. We identify and discuss two main problems of optimal self-organization: 1) building an optimal topology, and 2) tuning network access parameters, such as the transmission attempt rate. We consider a simple random access model for sensor networks and formulate these problems as optimization problems. We then present centralized as well as distributed algorithms for solving them. Results show that the performance improvement is substantial and implementation of such optimal self-organization techniques may be worth the additional complexity.
Chameleon: an extensible and customizable tool for web data translation
Authors: Riccardo Torlone, Paolo Atzeni
Venue: Proceedings of the 29th international conference on Very large data bases - Volume 29 (2003)

Chameleon is a tool for the management of Web data according to different formats and models and for the automatic transformation of schemas and instances from one model to another. It handles semistructured data, schema languages for XML, and traditional database models. The system is based on a "metamodel" approach, in the sense that it knows a set of metaconstructs,and allows the definition of models by means of the involved metaconstructs. The system also has a library of basic translations, referring to the known metaconstructs, and builds actual translations by means of suitable combinations of the basic ones. The main functions offered to the user are: (i) definition of a model; (ii)definition and validation of a schema with respect to a given model; (iii)schema translation (from a model to another).
A Data-Driven Approach for Pipelining Sequences of Data-Dependent Loops
Authors: Rui Rodrigues, Joao M. P. Cardoso, Pedro C. Diniz
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th Annual IEEE Symposium on Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines (2007)

Many video and image/signal processing applications can be structured as sequences of data-dependent tasks using a consumer/producer communication paradigm and are therefore amenable to pipelined execution. This paper presents an execution technique to speed-up the overall execution of successive, data-dependent tasks on a reconfigurable architecture. The technique pipelines sequences of data-dependent tasks by overlapping their execution subject to data-dependences. It decouples the concurrent data-path and control units and uses a custom, application data-driven, fine-grained synchronization and buffering scheme. In addition, the execution scheme allows for out-of- order, but data-dependent producer-consumer pairs not allowed by previous data-driven pipelining approaches. The approach has been exploited in the context of a high-level compiler targeting FPGAs. The preliminary experimental results reveal noticeable performance improvements and buffer size reductions for a number of benchmarks over traditional approaches.
A Sub-pixel Multifractal Method for the Image Segmentation
Authors: Gang Wang, Liang Xiao, Anzhi He
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery - Volume 04 (2007)

The framework of image segmentation based on the sub-pixel multifractal measure (SPMM) is presented in this paper. A more precise singularity exponent distribution in the image can be obtained based on the SPMM. According to the singularity exponents and their statistical properties, the image can be decomposed into a series of sets with different physical characteristics automatically and easily. Moreover, the most singular manifold can be interpreted as the set from which energy is injected in the flow to the other fractal sets. The simulation results show that the SPMM has higher Quality Factor in the image edge detection.
Disappearing for a while - using white lies in pervasive computing
Authors: Susana Alcalde Bagüés, Andreas Zeidler, Carlos Fernandez Valdivielso Ignacio R. Matias
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 ACM workshop on Privacy in electronic society (2007)

The pervasive nature of future living environments, saturated with sensors and context-detecting services, pose a completely new challenge for computer science: the art of virtual disappearance. In many situations individuals do not want to be tracked by the environment and do not want their where abouts to be known publicly or even by their friends and relatives. Today's technology often allowsus to use white lies in such circumstances. The question we pose in this paper is: Can we achieve the same using pervasive computing technologies? In this paper we show how our User-centric Privacy Framework can be extended to allow users to pro-actively use white lies as a means to disguise their location or activity without sacrificing the use of context-services as a whole. As a result we are confident that also in the future we can perform some magic:disappearing for a while - when needed.
Evolution of Design Automation
Authors: P. W. Case
Venue: Computer (1972)

Introduction. The first generation of general purpose computers quickly demonstrated their usefulness in handling problems involving large quantities of data with great speed and accuracy. Because of the complexity of these computers, their designers were soon enmeshed in these kinds of problems when dealing with the design data. Out of this experience was born Design Automation, which is used here to mean the art of using computers to aid in the design of computers. DA, as it is often abbreviated, might more it is often abbreviated, might more accurately stand for "design assistance", since the "automation" part relates more closely to the automatic manufacturing processes to which it supplies data, than to the design process itself.
Distinctive Features of the Argentinian Web
Authors: Gabriel Tolosa, Fernando Bordignon, Ricardo Baeza-Yates, Carlos Castillo
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 Latin American Web Conference (2007)

This article presents the most distinguishing features of the Argentinian web as found in a private sample of almost 10 million web pages from 150.000 sites collected in the early 2006. Particularly, we have studied page contents, link structure and technologies used in the construction of the sites. This study reveals a number of interesting facts: To begin with, there is a significant proportion (97.6%) of ".com.ar" domains with respect to other second level domains. As regards page contents, we have found a predominance of terms related to commercial activity while terms found in site names are mostly related to tourism. As for technologies, 48% of the pages from the sample are static and 52% dynamic, the latter being mostly built using free tools (like PHP). Besides, 76% of the sites are hosted in servers geographically located in Argentina. These two facts show there is an important web-related technological development and communication infrastructure in Argentina.
The Research on the Usage of Business Process Mining in the Implementation of BPR
Authors: XIE Yi-wu, LI Xiao-wan, Chen Yan
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 IFIP International Conference on Network and Parallel Computing Workshops (2007)

As an important approach of enterprise improvement, Business Process Re-engineering (BPR) has become the basis of enterprise information, organization change, etc. Great changes are difficult to be obtained only by experts' subjective decisionmaking, and efficient decision-making support tools are lack at the moment. Business process mining (BPM) does well in knowledge management and decision-making support. It is significant for successful implementation if BPM could be introduced into BPR projects. This paper describes the current implementation framework of the BPR, the development of the BPM and the research on usage of business Process Mining in the implementation of BPR Projects. At the end of paper propose the implementation framework of BPR based on the BPM.
Positioning Tasks in Multimodal Computer-Navigated Surgery
Authors: Melina Brell, Andreas Hein
Venue: IEEE MultiMedia (2007)

We present conTACT, a new concept for assisting in surgical interventions via 3D multimodal computer-navigated surgery. In contrast to conventional computer-navigated surgery, our system explicitly processes and uses information about the surgeon to augment human—machine interaction. We also evaluate humans' neuroscientific behavior and show how we can transfer 3D navigation information via tactile signals delivered to the hand surface.
Current Status of Ambulatory Health Care Computer Applications
Authors: G. A. Giebink
Venue: Computer (1975)

Much of the present consumer concern with American health care starts with the discrepancy most people experience between the office visit to a doctor and the focus of most medical research and its results. Medical progress has affected public health and the acutely ill or disabled, but has had comparatively minor impact on the average doctor-patient encounter outside the hospital, university medical center, or other specialized setting. In 1970, 72% of the population consulted a physician at least once, but only 10.3% reported one or more hospital episodes; American Hospital Association statistics showed community hospitals averaging 4.6 outpatient visit every one inpatient admission.1
Notes for a Collaboration: On the Design of a Wiki-type Educational Video Lecture Annotation System
Authors: Stefano Ferretti, Silvia Mirri, Marco Roccetti, Paola Salomoni
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Semantic Computing (2007)

We describe a collaborative annotation system for the production of rich media e-learning contents. Our system exploits a wiki-like interface that allows cooperative users to enrich didactical multimedia lectures with additional information, such as captions, annotations and comments. Before delivering them to users, these additional contents are automatically adapted and integrated with video lectures based on user profiles and requests. This way, the additional contents collaboratively provided by users not only represent an effective alternative that students may follow to better understand the lecture, but also allow for a fine-grained customization of the didactic material. This is an important aspect which represents a step forward towards the Web(2.0)-ification of e-learning technologies. An experimental assessment shows the viability of our approach.
A note on harmonic subgraphs in labelled geometric graphs
Authors: G. Araujo, J. Balogh, R. Fabila, G. Salazar, J. Urrutia
Venue: Information Processing Letters (2008)

Let S be a set of n points in general position in the plane, labelled bijectively with the integers {0,1,...,n-1}. Each edge (the straight segment that joins two points) is labelled with the sum of the labels of its endpoints. In this note we investigate the maximum size of noncrossing matchings and paths on S, under the requirement that no two edges have the same weight.
Ant Algorithm Based Load Balancing for Network Sessions
Authors: Bing Qi, Chunhui Zhao
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Natural Computation - Volume 04 (2007)

This paper presents a multiple-ant-colony load balancing algorithm (antBalance) for the resources allocation within network sessions. Combined ant colony algorithm with dynamic load balancing in the network traffic engineering, the algorithm further extends the basic ant colony to multiple ones with dynamic pheromone release design. By influencing the ant colony pheromone with each other, each ant in one ant colony not only strengthens the pheromone of the same colony, but also weakens that of the other colonies in the paths. antBalance tries to allocate ants to different paths fairly to avoid traffic congestion in some certain paths. Besides analyzing the effective control of the pheromone, compared with basic ant algorithm, simulation experiments illustrate that antBalance achieves better resources allocation performance in terms of path bandwidth utilization, session delay and session packet loss.
Hand Gesture Recognition Using Fast Multi-scale Analysis
Authors: Yikai Fang, Jian Cheng, Kongqiao Wang, Hanqing Lu
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Image and Graphics (2007)

Hand gesture has been used as a natural and efficient way in human computer interaction. Due to independence of auxiliary input devices, vision-based hand interfaces is more favorable for users. However, the process of hand gesture recognition is very time consuming, which often brings much frustration to users. In this paper, we propose a fast feature detection and description approach which can significantly speed up hand gesture recognition. Firstly, integral image is used to approximate Gaussian derivatives to calculate image convolution in feature detection. Then multi-scale geometric descriptors at feature points are obtained to represent hand gestures. Finally gesture is recognized with its geometric configuration. Experiments show that the proposed method needs much less time consumption while obtains comparative performance with its counterpart in literatures.