ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
An algorithm based mesh check-sum fault tolerant scheme for stream ciphers
Authors: C. N. Zhang, Xiao Wei Liu
Venue: International Journal of Communication Networks and Distributed Systems (2009)

To enhance the security and reliability of the widely-used stream ciphers, a novel mesh check-sum ABFT scheme for stream ciphers is developed. By utilising the ready-made arithmetic unit in stream ciphers, single and multiple errors can be detected and corrected in a cheap way. To meet different requirements in practical applications, 4D mesh check-sum ABFT scheme is proposed which can be applied to RC4 or other stream ciphers. The 2D mesh check-sum ABFT scheme is able to detect and correct single error with high efficiency. The 4D mesh check-sum ABFT scheme is capable of correcting up to three errors located randomly in an N-element matrix with acceptable computation and bandwidth overhead. The workload can be remarkably reduced when most communications are error-free. Our scheme also provides one-to-one mapping between index and check-sum, so that error can be located and recovered by easier logic and simpler operation.
The failure of mobile payment: evidence from quasi-experimentations
Authors: Kamel Rouibah
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Euro American Conference on Telematics and Information Systems: New Opportunities to increase Digital Citizenship (2009)

With the increase use of mobile phone and diffusion into people's everyday life as trusted communication devices, businesses have recently begun exploring their potential as payment devices. While many mobile payments were introduced in different parts of the world, some of them were successful, and others failed to achieve their expected benefits. In this paper we conduct a quasi experiment with 175 potential users in Kuwait in order to shed light on the following two issues: Why do mobile payment services fail? And what do providers need to do to better persuade adopters to use the mobile service?
SVM-based hierarchical architectures for handwritten Bangla character recognition
Authors: Tapan Kumar Bhowmik, Pradip Ghanty, Anandarup Roy, Swapan Kumar Parui
Venue: International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition (2009)

We propose support vector machine (SVM) based hierarchical classification schemes for recognition of handwritten Bangla characters. A comparative study is made among multilayer perceptron, radial basis function network and SVM classifier for this 45 class recognition problem. SVM classifier is found to outperform the other classifiers. A fusion scheme using the three classifiers is proposed which is marginally better than SVM classifier. It is observed that there are groups of characters having similar shapes. These groups are determined in two different ways on the basis of the confusion matrix obtained from SVM classifier. In the former, the groups are disjoint while they are overlapped in the latter. Another grouping scheme is proposed based on the confusion matrix obtained from neural gas algorithm. Groups are disjoint here. Three different two-stage hierarchical learning architectures (HLAs) are proposed using the three grouping schemes. An unknown character image is classified into a group in the first stage. The second stage recognizes the class within this group. Performances of the HLA schemes are found to be better than single stage classification schemes. The HLA scheme with overlapped groups outperforms the other two HLA schemes.
Researches concerning the data processing used in feeding and dosing systems optimization
Authors: Luciana Cristea, Mihaela Baritz, Liliana Rogozea, Mihai Manescu, Diana Cotoros, Angela Repanovici
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th WSEAS international conference on Artificial intelligence, knowledge engineering and data bases (2009)

The paper presents the solution for data processing of intelligent dosing system. The data processing is used to optimize the dosing process of bulk solid material. The hardware part of the dosing system includes a microcontroller board with ADC integrate and a personal computer. The mean of sample products taken from a production line over a period of one hour must not exceed the declared weight or 'nominal quantity'. Weight control is therefore a critical issue and the appropriate authority must approve the weighing system used for checking the weights.
Artificial General Intelligence through Large-Scale, Multimodal Bayesian Learning
Authors: Brian Milch
Venue: Proceeding of the 2008 conference on Artificial General Intelligence 2008: Proceedings of the First AGI Conference (2008)

An artificial system that achieves human-level performance on open-domain tasks must have a huge amount of knowledge about the world. We argue that the most feasible way to construct such a system is to let it learn from the large collections of text, images, and video that are available online. More specifically, the system should use a Bayesian probability model to construct hypotheses about both specific objects and events, and general patterns that explain the observed data.
Enhancing DSR protocol performance in mobile ad hoc network using ACK reply
Authors: Abdullah Gani, Qi Han, Nor Badrul Anuar, Omar Zakaria
Venue: WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on COMMUNICATIONS (2009)

This paper presents a new method to improve performance of DSR in Ad Hoc Network. We present an analysis of DSR protocol and propose our algorithm to improve the performance of DSR protocol by using ACK reply path as a backup route when an original route fails in Mobile Ad Hoc networks. In the traditional DSR protocol, a backup route will be initiated to transfer data in route cache when a route is broken. However, if the backup route is also failed, it will affect the overall network performance. We modify the DSR so-called Modified DSR protocol (MDSR) with the aim that the source node can still receive the ACK reply from destination node when an original route is broken, which means data packets can be transferred along with the ACK path. MDSR deploys the idea of TCP-BuS to solve unnecessary resending of lost data packets. We simulate our proposed model in NS2, compare the MDSR with DSR in the performance of end-to-end delay and packet delivery ratio. The result shows that the performance of MDSR is better than the traditional DSR protocol.
Development of Portfolio Assessment Support System
Authors: Yasuhiko Morimoto, Isao Kikukawa, Maomi Ueno, Setsuo Yokoyama, Youzou Miyadera
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on Learning by Effective Utilization of Technologies: Facilitating Intercultural Understanding (2006)

Portfolio assessment using electronic portfolios has attracted attention as a more authentic means of evaluating learning directly. However, teachers and learners need support designing and practicing portfolio assessment because no established support methods corresponding to lesson forms and assessment-activities exist. A portfolio assessment support system (PASS) to assist portfolio assessment is developed. The system works based on the relations between lesson forms and portfolios that need to be collected (i.e., Portfolio assessment Design Semantics (PDS)) and the relations between practices and collected portfolios (i.e., Portfolio assessment Practice Semantics (PPS)). This paper described the development, practice and evaluation of PASS.
Student Questions in a Classroom Evaluation of the ALPS Learning Environment
Authors: Albert Corbett, Angela Wagner, Chih-yu Chao, Sharon Lesgold, Scott Stevens, Harry Ulrich
Venue: Proceeding of the 2005 conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education: Supporting Learning through Intelligent and Socially Informed Technology (2005)

Intelligent tutors for problem solving are successful environments, but have limited capabilities to provide help when learning opportunities arise. This paper reports a classroom pilot study of a new ALPS learning environment that is designed to engage students in more active learning by enabling students to ask questions at any time during problem solving. This ALPS environment integrates a Cognitive Tutor for math problem solving with Synthetic Interview technology which allows students to type natural language questions at any time during problem solving and receive pre-recorded videos of a human tutor replying. In this study we examine the rate of question-asking, the content of student questions, and student attitudes about ALPS. The student interactions with ALPS and attitudes toward the environment are promising and provide guidance for future development.
Lead-Free Electronics: iNEMI Projects Lead to Successful Manufacturing
Authors: Edwin Bradley, Carol A. Handwerker, Jasbir Bath, Richard D. Parker, Ronald W. Gedney
Venue:  (2007)

Based on the results of a more than two-year study, Lead-Free Electronics: iNEMI Projects Lead to Successful Manufacturing is the first practical, primary reference to cover Pb-free solder assembly as well as the analysis and reasoning behind the selection of Sn-Ag-Cu as the recommended Pb-free replacement for Sn-Pb. Reflecting the results of a two-year study, Lead-Free Electronics: iNEMI Projects Lead to Successful Manufacturing provides full coverage of the issues surrounding the implementation of Pb-free solder into electronic board assembly. This book is extremely timelya most electronic manufacturers are going to change over to Pb free soldering by 2006 to meet new European laws. All manufacturers around the globe are going to be affected by this change. The text provides specific results from the thirty company NEMI project activities. It contains integrated and fully documented book chapters with references to existing published work in the area. These serve as tremendous resources for engineers and companies faced with making the switch to Pb-free solder assembly.
Plenary lecture 2: data, information and knowledge. quo vadis informatics?
Authors: Dana Klimesova
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th WSEAS international conference on Automation & information (2009)

The paper deals with the concepts: data, information and knowledge in the background of new information technologies discusses significant relationships and investigates the conditions which can force the basic development and new possibilities of use. The importance of the dynamical information structures as well as the ability to create, propose and search through the contextual space of selected information is addressed. The concept of different types of context is introduced and the problem of uncertainty is solved for cases when multisource data are used. The rapid development caused by various types of integration techniques on the level of data, information and knowledge is discussed and practical examples from the field of geomatics are presented.
Bunker: a privacy-oriented platform for network tracing
Authors: Andrew G. Miklas, Stefan Saroiu, Alec Wolman, Angela Demke Brown
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th USENIX symposium on Networked systems design and implementation (2009)

ISPs are increasingly reluctant to collect and store raw network traces because they can be used to compromise their customers' privacy. Anonymization techniques mitigate this concern by protecting sensitive information. Trace anonymization can be performed offline (at a later time) or online (at collection time). Offline anonymization suffers from privacy problems because raw traces must be stored on disk - until the traces are deleted, there is the potential for accidental leaks or exposure by subpoenas. Online anonymization drastically reduces privacy risks but complicates software engineering efforts because trace processing and anonymization must be performed at line speed. This paper presents Bunker, a network tracing system that combines the software development benefits of offline anonymization with the privacy benefits of online anonymization. Bunker uses virtualization, encryption, and restricted I/O interfaces to protect the raw network traces and the tracing software, exporting only an anonymized trace. We present the design and implementation of Bunker, evaluate its security properties, and show its ease of use for developing a complex network tracing application.
A Fast Algorithm to Solve the Frequency Assignment Problem
Authors: Mohammad Dib, Alexandre Caminada, Hakim Mabed
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Integration of AI and OR Techniques in Constraint Programming for Combinatorial Optimization Problems (2009)

The problem considered in this paper consists in defining an assignment of frequencies to radio link between transmitters which minimize the number of frequency used to solve a CSP very well referenced as ROADEF'01 challenge. This problem is NP-hard and few results have been reported on techniques for solving it optimally. We applied to this version of the frequency assignment problem an original hybrid method which combines constraint propagation and Tabu search. Two Tabu lists are used to filter the search space and to avoid algorithm cycles. Computational results, obtained on a number of standard problem instances, show the efficiency of the proposed approach.
Logic gates as repeaters (LGR) for area-efficient timing optimization
Authors: Michael Moreinis, Arkadiy Morgenshtein, Israel A. Wagner, Avinoam Kolodny
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems (2006)

Logic gates as repeaters (LGRs)--a methodology for delay optimization of CMOS logic circuits with resistance-capacitance (RC) interconnects is described. The traditional interconnect segmentation by insertion of repeaters is generalized to segmentation by distributing logic gates or over interconnect lines, reducing the number of additional, logically useless inverters. Expressions for optimal segment lengths and gate scaling are derived. Considerations are presented for integrating LGR into a VLSI design flow in conjunction with related methods. Several logic circuits have been implemented, optimized and verified by LGR. Analytical and simulation results were obtained, showing significant improvement in performance in comparison with traditional repeater insertion, while maintaining low complexity and small area.
Synchronization as a Special Case of Access Control
Authors: Franz Puntigam
Venue: Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science (ENTCS) (2009)

Synchronization ensures exclusive shared-variable access at runtime, and static access control mechanisms give similar guarantees at compilation time. Usually we treat these language concepts as separate. In this work we propose to integrate synchronization into access control in a Java-like language: Shared-variable access depends on the availability of tokens (as a form of access control), and the compiler generates code for locking to gain the needed tokens (synchronization). We get more freedom in expressing synchronization at appropriate points in a program and weaker influence of concurrency on the program structure.
Implementation of the Requirements Driven Quality Control Method in a Small IT Company
Authors: Stanisław Szejko, Maciej Brochocki, Hubert Lyskawa, Wojciech E. Kozlowski
Venue: Proceeding of the 2005 conference on Software Engineering: Evolution and Emerging Technologies (2005)

The paper describes an actual software improvement process that was carried out in a small company specialized in providing software and hardware design services in the field of real-time systems. The implemented RDQC method addresses a software project by controlling its quality on the basis of the project requirements. This is done by specifying the requirements, mapping them to quality characteristics and controlling the development process towards the demanded quality. A short presentation of the company and the pilot projects is followed by the description of the method implementation process and its results. Encouraging remarks on the usefulness and profitability of the method conclude the paper.
Numerical simulation of a thermo-electromagneto-hydrodynamic problem in an induction heating furnace
Authors: A. Bermúdez, D. Gómez, M. C. Muòiz, P. Salgado, R. Vázquez
Venue: Applied Numerical Mathematics (2009)

This paper deals with mathematical modelling and numerical simulation of induction heating furnaces with axisymmetric geometries. The mathematical model consists of a coupled thermo-electromagneto-hydrodynamic problem with phase change. For the numerical solution, we propose finite element methods combined with boundary element methods (BEM/FEM) for the electromagnetic model, and with the method of characteristics for the flow equations. Moreover, an iterative fixed point-like algorithm is established for the whole coupling. Some numerical results for an industrial furnace are shown.
Demoting redundant features to improve the discriminatory ability in cancer data
Authors: M. Osl, S. Dreiseitl, F. Cerqueira, M. Netzer, B. Pfeifer, C. Baumgartner
Venue: Journal of Biomedical Informatics (2009)

The identification of a set of relevant but not redundant features is an important first step in building predictive and diagnostic models from biomedical data sets. Most commonly, individual features are ranked in terms of a quality criterion, out of which the best (first) k features are selected. However, feature ranking methods do not sufficiently account for interactions and correlations between the features. Thus, redundancy is likely to be encountered in the selected features. We present a new algorithm, termed Redundancy Demoting (RD), that takes an arbitrary feature ranking as input, and improves this ranking by identifying redundant features and demoting them to positions in the ranking in which they are not redundant. Redundant features are those that are correlated with other features and not relevant in the sense that they do not improve the discriminatory ability of a set of features. Experiments on two cancer data sets, one melanoma image data set and one lung cancer microarray data set, show that our algorithm greatly improves the feature rankings provided by the methods information gain, ReliefF and Student's t-test in terms of predictive power.
Compatibility and Conformance of Role-Based Interaction Components in MAS
Authors: Nabil Hameurlain
Venue: Proceedings of the Third KES International Symposium on Agent and Multi-Agent Systems: Technologies and Applications (2009)

This paper deals with compatibility and conformance of role-based interaction components in MAS, namely in which case the first role component is a model (specification) and the second an implementation (or a refined model). First, we provide a semantics for the implementation of roles, which is defined upon alternating simulation relation, and show that the proposed semantics is compositional for role's composition. Then, we prove the independent role's implementability property, expressing that roles can be implemented independently of each other once their specifications are known. Finally, we study the preservation of the compatibility of roles by the proposed role's implementation semantics. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Balancing four factors in system development projects
Authors: Girish H. Subramanian, Gary Klein, James J. Jiang, Chien-Lung Chan
Venue: Communications of the ACM (2009)

Introduction The success of system development is most often gauged by three primary indicators: the number of days of deviation from scheduled delivery date, the percentage of deviation from the proposed budget, and meeting the needs of the client users. Tools and techniques to help perform well along these dimensions abound in practice and research. However, the project view of systems development should be broader than any particular development tool or methodology. Any given development philosophy or approach can be inserted into a systems development project to best fit the conditions, product, talent, and goals of the markets and organization. In order to best satisfy the three criteria, system development project managers must focus on the process of task completion and look to apply controls that ensure success, promote learning within the team and organization, and end up with a software product that not only meets the requirements of the client but operates efficiently and is flexible enough to be modified to meet changing needs of the organization. In this fashion, the project view must examine both process and product. Often, tasks required for project completion seem contradictory to organizational goals. Within the process, managerial controls are applied in order to retain alignment of the product to the initial, and changing, requirements of the organization. However, freedom from tight controls promotes learning. The product also has contradictions among desired outcomes. Designers must consider tradeoffs between product efficiency and flexibility, with the trend in processing power leading us ever more toward the flexibility side. Still, we rage between conflicting criteria, with the advocates of a waterfall system development lifecycle (SDLC) usually pushing more for control aspects and efficient operations while agile proponents seek more of a learning process and flexible product. Regardless of the development methodology followed, project managers must strive to deliver the system on time, within budget, and to meet the requirements of the user. Thus, both product and process are crucial in the determination of success. To compound the difficulties, those in control of choosing an appropriate methodology view success criteria from a different perspective than other stakeholders. Understanding how different stakeholders perceive these factors impacting eventual project success can be valuable in adjusting appropriate methodologies. Our study looks at these relationships using well established instruments in a survey of IS development professionals to better clarify the importance of these variables in system project success and any perceived differences among different players in IS development (see the sidebar on "How the Study Was Conducted").
Effects of Dissuading Unnecessary Help Requests While Providing Proactive Help
Authors: R. Charles Murray, Kurt VanLehn
Venue: Proceeding of the 2005 conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education: Supporting Learning through Intelligent and Socially Informed Technology (2005)

We tested effects of dissuading students from requesting help unless they really needed it. The manipulation occurred while the students solved problems on an ITS that provided proactive help. Compared to their counterparts, dissuaded students requested help much less often. Moreover, the less help students requested, the higher their posttest score. Among students with lower pretest scores, dissuaded students marginally gained more than their non-dissuaded counterparts. We discuss our results, a new type of help abuse, some ramifications of proactive help, and the generalizability of our results.
An interactive multiblock approach to meshing the spine
Authors: Nicole A. Kallemeyn, Srinivas C. Tadepalli, Kiran H. Shivanna, Nicole M. Grosland
Venue: Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine (2009)

Finite element (FE) analysis is a useful tool to study spine biomechanics as a complement to laboratory-driven experimental studies. Although individualized models have the potential to yield clinically relevant results, the demands associated with modeling the geometric complexity of the spine often limit its utility. Existing spine FE models share similar characteristics and are often based on similar assumptions, but vary in geometric fidelity due to the mesh generation techniques that were used. Using existing multiblock techniques, we propose mesh generation methods that ease the effort and reduce the time required to create subject-specific allhexahedral finite element models of the spine. We have demonstrated the meshing techniques by creating a C4-C5 functional spinal unit and validated it by comparing the resultant motions and vertebral strains with data reported in the literature.