ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Corrections on the box plots of the coverage metric in “multiobjective immune algorithm with nondominated neighbor-based selection”
Authors: Maoguo Gong, Licheng Jiao, Dongdong Yang
Venue: Evolutionary Computation (2009)

In this study, we analyze the experimental results in Gong et al. (2008), and find that the box plots of the coverage metric in solving the five three-objective problems are wrong. The corresponding corrected box plots are presented. The corrected results are still consistent with the original conclusions.
Factored temporal difference learning in the new ties environment
Authors: Viktor Gyenes, Ákos Bontovics, András Lörincz
Venue: Acta Cybernetica (2008)

Although reinforcement learning is a popular method for training an agent for decision making based on rewards, well studied tabular methods are not applicable for large, realistic problems. In this paper, we experiment with a factored version of temporal difference learning, which boils down to a linear function approximation scheme utilising natural features coming from the structure of the task. We conducted experiments in the New Ties environment, which is a novel platform for multi-agent simulations. We show that learning utilising a factored representation is effective even in large state spaces, furthermore it outperforms tabular methods even in smaller problems both in learning speed and stability, because of its generalisation capabilities.
Complexity, Structured Chaos and the Importance of Information Management for Mobile Computing in the UK Floods of 2007
Authors: Christopher W. Johnson
Venue: Mobile Response: Second International Workshop on Mobile Information Technology for Emergency Response, MobileResponse 2008. Bonn, Germany, May 29-30, 2008, Revised Selected Papers (2009)

Many research teams have developed mobile computing architectures to support the emergency and rescue services in a range of civil contingencies. These proposals are based on innovative technologies and show considerable creativity in the design of their user interfaces. In contrast, this paper presents lessons learned from the 2007 UK floods. Mobile telecommunications failed in many different ways and from many different causes, including physical damage to handsets, as well as the loss of base stations and UPSs. The insights gained from the floods are being used to inform the design of next generation mobile digital communications systems for UK responders. However, the technical problems are arguably less important than the insights that were obtained about `systemic' failures in the interfaces between local government, emergency services and the variety of agencies that must cooperate in major civil contingencies. Problems in information management led to inconsistencies and incompatibilities. In consequence, the output from one application could not easily be used as input to systems operated by other agencies. These issues must be addressed before we are overwhelmed by the increased bandwidth afforded by new mobile devices and novel sensing technologies. It is concluded that unless we understand the chaos, complexity and the contextual issues that characterise previous emergency situations then there is little prospect that we will be able to design effective mobile technologies for future incidents.
Augmented Representation of Underwater Scenes by Segmentation and Reconstruction of 3D Acoustic Images
Authors: Riccardo Giannitrapani, Vittorio Murino
Venue: Proceedings of the 1999 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems - Volume 02 (1999)

In this paper, a system aimed at the augmented representation of underwater scenes is presented. The system operates on three-dimensional acoustic images and is composed of several modules devoted to noise filtering, segmentation in pipe-shaped structures, recognition and reconstruction. Finally, identified objects are back-projected in the acoustic image in order to facilitate its interpretation. The final aim is to obtain an augmented (or virtual) representation of such images providing a useful tool to support a human operator for navigating in and inspecting underwater environments.
Evaluating the recovery-oriented approach through the systematic development of real complex applications
Authors: João Magalhães, Arndt von Staa, Carlos José Pereira de Lucena
Venue: Software&mdash;Practice Experience (2009)

Recovery-oriented software is built with the perspective that hardware or software failures and operation mistakes are facts to be coped with, as they are problems that cannot be fully solved while developing real complex applications. Consequently, any software will always have a non-zero chance of failure. Some of these failures may be caused by defects that may be removed or encapsulated. From the point of view of removing or encapsulating defects, a failure is considered to be trivial, when (i) the required effort to identify and eliminate or encapsulate the causing defect is small, (ii) the risk of making mistakes in these steps is also small and (iii) the consequences of the failure are tolerable. It is highly important to design systems in such a way that most (ideally all) of the failures are trivial. Such systems are called &lsquo;debuggable systems&rsquo;. In this study, we present the results of systematic applying techniques that focus on creating debuggable software for real embedded applications. Copyright &copy; 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Flow of Qi
Venue: ACM SIGGRAPH ASIA 2008 artgallery: emerging technologies (2008)

A video presentation of an interactive artwork in which participants experience the artistic spirit of the ancient calligraphy masters and how breathing was reflected in creating famous pieces of Chinese calligraphy.
Calibration of discrete element parameters and the modelling of silo discharge and bucket filling
Authors: C. J. Coetzee, D. N. J. Els
Venue: Computers and Electronics in Agriculture (2009)

The discrete element method (DEM) is a promising approach to model machine-granular material interaction. The accuracy of DEM models depends on the model parameters. In this study a calibration process is developed to determine the parameter values. Laboratory shear tests and compressions tests are used to determine the material internal friction angle and stiffness, respectively. These tests are repeated numerically using DEM models with different sets of particle friction coefficients and particle stiffness values. The shear test results are found to be dependent on both the particle friction coefficient and the particle stiffness. The compression test results show that it is only dependent on the particle stiffness. The combination of shear test and compression test results can be used to determine a unique set of particle friction and particle stiffness values. The calibration process is validated by modelling silo discharge and bucket filling. It is shown that DEM can accurately predict the silo discharge rate and flow patterns. It is also shown that DEM can predict bucket forces, fill rates and fill patterns.
Ibis for mobility: solving challenges of mobile computing using grid techniques
Authors: Nicholas Palmer, Roelof Kemp, Thilo Kielmann, Henri Bal
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications (2009)

Mobility is an increasingly important part of today's computing landscape. There is currently an incredible growth in the deployment of "SmartPhone" devices, mobile computers with a variety of networking and sensor technologies. In addition, the growth of wireless networks such as WiFi have untethered users from the wall bringing mobility to traditional laptop computers. The challenges that the mobility of these devices create for networked computing are analogous to many of the problems faced in the area of Grid Computing. In this paper we outline parallel challenges in these two areas and argue that solutions to the problems in the Grid Computing space are applicable to the problems faced by these new platforms. We demonstrate how the Ibis platform, developed to address challenges in the area of Grid Computing, is ideally suited for building distributed applications for mobile devices and detail our work to bring Ibis to the Android Smartphone platform. We demonstrate that the use of this system gives mobile devices the computing power of the Grid, integrating the two areas and solving issues with limited compute power on mobile devices. We also explain how Ibis provides a unique API for building distributed applications on mobile devices enabling truly distributed computing on this new platform.
Re-Imagining Animation: Contemporary Moving Image Cultures (Advanced Level)
Authors: Paul Wells, Johnny Hardstaff, Darryl Clifton
Venue:  (2008)

Whats new in animation? Find out! * Works from artists, animators, film-makers, scholars, archivists * Ideal for serious students of film making and animation In this detailed look at animation today, a series of intriguing case studies are explored from production to final outcome. Each one is considered in terms of meaning, purpose, and effect, then put into context as part of todays animation culture. Hundreds of illustrations make it easy to follow experimental work from script to screen, exploring the intersections between animation, film, graphic design, and art. With insights from leading U.K. authors on animation, as well as Oscar-winning animators, artists, film makers, scholars, and archivists, Re-Imagining Animation offers the definitive look at animation today.
Automatic real-time localization of frowning and smiling faces under head rotation variations
Authors: Jouni Erola, Yulia Gizatdinova, Veikko Surakka
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th conference on Signal processing, computational geometry and artificial vision (2008)

A new method for realtime face localization from a streaming color video was developed. The method consisted of three stages. First, the face-like skin-colored image region was segmented from the background and transformed into the grey scale representation. Second, the cropped image was convolved with Sobel operator in order to extract local oriented edges at 16 orientations. The extracted local oriented edges were grouped together to form regions of interest which represent landmark candidates. Further, the candidates were matched against edge orientation model to verify the existence of the landmark in the image. Finally, the located landmarks were next spatially arranged into the face-like constellations. The best face-like constellation of the landmark candidates was defined by a new scoring function. The test results demonstrated that the proposed method located expressive faces with high rates in real time from facial images under controlled head rotation variations.
Measurement of absolute latency for video see through augmented reality
Authors: Tobias Sielhorst, Wu Sa, Ali Khamene, Frank Sauer, Nassir Navab
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 6th IEEE and ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (2007)

Latency is a key property of video see through AR systems since users' performance is strongly related to it. However, there is no standard way of latency measurement of an AR system in the literature. We have created a stable and comparable way of estimating the latency in a video see through AR system. The latency is estimated by encoding the time in the image and decoding the time after camera feedback. We have encoded the time as a translation of a circle in the image. The cross ratio has been used as an image feature that is preserved in a projective transformation. The encoding allows for a simple but accurate way of decoding. We show that this way of encoding has an adequate accuracy for latency measurements. As the method allows for a series of automatic measurements we propose to visualize the measurements in a histogram. This histogram reveals meaningful information about the system other than the mean value and standard deviation of the latency. The method has been tested on four different AR systems that use different camera technology, resolution and frame rates.
Modeling Aspects of Multimodal Lithuanian Human - Machine Interface
Authors: Rytis Maskeliunas
Venue: Multimodal Signals: Cognitive and Algorithmic Issues: COST Action 2102 and euCognition International School Vietri sul Mare, Italy, April 21-26, 2008 Revised Selected and Invited Papers (2009)

The paper deals with modeling of multimodal human - machine interface. Multimodal access to the information retrieval system (computer) is possible by combining three different approaches: 1) Data input / retrieval by voice; 2) Traditional data input / retrieval systems; 3) Confirmation / rejection by recognizing and displaying human face expressions and emotions. A prototype of multimodal access for web application is presented by combining three modalities. Lithuanian language speech recognition experiment results on transcriptions and outcomes of discriminant analysis are presented.
Seeing data in Second Life
Authors: Jennifer A. Polack-Wahl
Venue: Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges (2009)

There is a variety of conventional ways to visualize data, however, in today's society you need more than a simple bar chart to convey the data message. Second Life (SL) offers so many benefits, from remote viewing of data to free software download. No longer does a person have to be in the same room or on a particular computer to view data visualizations. Many educators believe in order to teach visualization, students must have already taken a graphics course. We believe using SL dramatically changes this concept. We discuss how using SL allowed two students to conduct research in visualization without prior graphics experience. These research projects proved that SL could be used in the future to teach an undergraduate visualization course. By having the instructor or research students create predefined communication and navigation objects, the course participants could embed these predefined objects within their visualization and modify some variables to make it easily work with their 3D visualization model. We concluded that an "Introduction to Visualization" course using SL was possible based on the SL visualization research conducted over the past year and restores makes this a promising elective without having graphics as a prerequisite.
Modeling trust using transactional, numerical units
Authors: Reid Kerr, Robin Cohen
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 International Conference on Privacy, Security and Trust: Bridge the Gap Between PST Technologies and Business Services (2006)

In large electronic marketplaces populated by buying and selling agents, repeated transactions between traders may be rare. This makes it difficult for buying agents to judge the reliability of selling agents, discouraging participation in the market. A variety of systems have been proposed to help traders to find trustworthy partners; however, most proposed systems suffer from multiple vulnerabilities that might be exploited by unscrupulous parties. In this paper, we propose a new model, wherein abstract units are used to represent trust in much the same way that units of money represent value. In a manner similar to money, 'trunits' flow during transactions. A trader's trunit balance determines if they are trustworthy for a given transaction. Faithful execution of a transaction results in a larger trunit balance, permitting the trader to engage in more transactions in the future---a built-in economic incentive for honesty. We demonstrate that for a wide range of realistic market parameters, the Trunits mechanism ensures that honest sellers profit more than dishonest sellers. We also discuss how intrinsic properties of our model make it secure from many of the attacks to which other systems are vulnerable. In summary, we present our Trunits model as the basis for modeling trust in electronic marketplaces, useful as buying agents develop algorithms to intelligently choose trustworthy sellers for their business partners.
Application of fuzzy control to steering of semiautonomous underwater vehicle
Authors: Jerzy Garus, Piotr Szymak
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th conference on Circuits, systems, electronics, control and signal processing (2008)

In the paper a fuzzy control system to steering of unmanned underwater vehicle is considered. Underwater objects, which operate beneath surface of water, very often are exposed to disturbances of its movement from a sea current. In case of lack of sea current measurement devices on the board they can not counteract it by generating contrary thrust. A method of evaluation of influence of environmental disturbances for vehicle's motion is presented. The method allows partly eliminating negative influence of the sea current for vehicle's motion along predefined path. Some computer simulations are provided to demonstrate effectiveness and correctness of the approach.
Furniture production optimization with visual simulation and genetic algorithms
Authors: Davorin Kofjaă, Miroljub Kljajic
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th conference on Simulation, modelling and optimization (2008)

The paper is dealing with a real case customized flexible furniture production optimization, represented as a job shop scheduling problem with recirculation where furniture is produced in very small or no series at all. Such a make-to-order production must be flexible to meet the customer's needs, which are changing frequently. Frequent review of the production process is needed to ensure near-optimal production schedule to meet the minimal makespan constraint. Optimization algorithm must be fast enough to ensure the production schedule in real-time. Genetic algorithms were used as an optimization method. The visual model of the furniture production process was developed during the research. Such a model is closer to end-user perception and is used to clarify the results of numerical optimization. It also enables the implementation of end-user's expert knowledge into the optimizer to reduce the GA search space with a goal of reducing the runtime to a minimum.
Image encryption by multiple random grids
Authors: Shyong Jian Shyu
Venue: Pattern Recognition (2009)

In this paper, we first give a formal definition to the visual cryptograms of n (>=2) random grids (VCRG-n) for encrypting an image. Specifically, a set of VCRG-n with respect to image P consists of n random grids printed on transparencies such that only when the n transparencies are superimposed altogether can P be recognized by human vision (without any computing device), while any group of less than n transparencies obtains no information about P. Then, we design novel VCRG-n encryption schemes for binary, gray-level and color images, validate the correctness by formal proofs and demonstrate the feasibility by computer simulations. Our schemes do not require any extra pixel expansion neither any encoding basis matrix, which are necessary and inevitable in the approaches of conventional visual cryptography. These attractive advantages make our schemes more informative in theoretical interests and much applicable in practical applications.
Performance Analysis of Postprocessing Algorithm and Implementation on ARM7TDMI
Authors: Manoj Gupta, B. K. Kaushik, Laxmi Chand
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Computer Engineering and Technology - Volume 01 (2009)

Due to rapid advancement in multimedia communication a growing need emerges for the implementation of audio algorithm in real time. Filters are often used in Digital Signal Processing applications. The filters fast processing is usually done on DSP chips. The calculation of the DSP operations like multiplication and accumulation (MAC) and convolution should be fast enough so that the audio can be heard in real time. In this paper we take up a post processing algorithm for audio that is used to control the Bass and Treble. For this purpose first order IIR filter is employed. This filter is used due to low computational burden that it places on DSP resources. The method that is presented here is based on transforming a prototype analog filter to the desired digital filter using the technique of Bilinear Transformation for mapping the poles and zeros in Digital domain. The calculated coefficients are used for implementation of audio algorithm for ARM7TDMI. Implemented code is optimized for the real time operations. The analysis is done in MATLAB for showing the effect of Treble and Bass for different frequencies. The filter mapped in digital domain is stable.
A new modular exponentiation architecture for efficient design of RSA cryptosystem
Authors: Ming-Der Shieh, Jun-Hong Chen, Hao-Hsuan Wu, Wen-Ching Lin
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems (2008)

Modular exponentiation with a large modulus, which is usually accomplished by repeated modular multiplications, has been widely used in public key cryptosystems for secured data communications. To speed up the computation, the Montgomery modular multiplication algorithm is used to relax the process of quotient determination, and the carry-save addition (CSA) is employed to reduce the critical path delay. In this paper, based on the inherent data dependency between the modular multiplication and square operations in the H-algorithm of modular exponentiation, we present a new modular exponentiation architecture with a unified modular multiplication/square module and show how to reduce the number of input operands for the CSA tree by mathematical manipulation. The developed architecture has the following advantages. 1) There is no need to convert the carry-save form of an operand into its binary representation at the end of each modular multiplication. In this way, except the final step to get the result of modular exponentiation, the time-consuming carry propagation can then be eliminated. 2) The number of input operands for the CSA tree is reduced in a very efficient way. 3) The hardware saving is achieved with very limited impact on the original critical path delay when designed with two distinct modular multiplication and square components. Experimental results show that our modular exponentiation design obtains the least hardware complexity compared with the existing work and outperforms them in terms of area-time (AT) complexity as well.
Cryptanalysis of Transposition Cipher Using Simulated Annealing Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Jun Song, Fan Yang, Maocai Wang, Huanguo Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Advances in Computation and Intelligence (2008)

The cryptanalysis technology adopting intelligent computing is the combination of intelligent computing and cryptography. Cryptanalysis of the transposition cipher with evolutionary algorithm has attracted much interest in recent years. This paper presents the automatic analysis and exploration on a typical transposition cipher, based on improved fitness evaluation weight mode and using SAGA method. Compared with the earlier experimental results of the GA/TS/SA methods adopted, the attack against transposition ciphers using improved SAGA can achieve comparatively better results on the amount of key recovery.
Design and Evaluation of Mixed 3T-4T FinFET Stacks for Leakage Reduction
Authors: Matteo Agostinelli, Massimo Alioto, David Esseni, Luca Selmi
Venue: Integrated Circuit and System Design. Power and Timing Modeling, Optimization and Simulation: 18th International Workshop, PATMOS 2008, Lisbon, Portugal, September 10-12, 2008. Revised Selected Papers (2009)

In this paper, FinFET stacks consisting of mixed three- (3T) and four-terminal (4T) devices are analyzed in terms of leakage. A novel figure of merit is introduced, and closed-form leakage models are derived. Analytical results are used to derive simple design criteria to minimize the leakage by properly mixing 3T and 4T devices in transistor stacks. The comparison with a bulk technology shows that properly designed FinFET circuits are able to reduce the leakage by one or two orders of magnitude.