ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Rational signal subspace approximation with applications to DOA estimation
Authors: M. A. Hasan
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1999. on 1999 IEEE International Conference - Volume 03 (1999)

We have developed an approach for approximating the signal and noise subspaces which avoid the costly eigendecomposition or SVD. These subspaces were approximated using rational and power-like methods applied to the sample covariance matrix. It is shown that MUSIC and minimum norm frequency estimators can be derived using these approximated subspaces. These approximate estimators are shown to be robust against noise and overestimation of number of sources. A substantial computational saving would be gained compared with those associated with the eigendecomposition-based methods. Simulations results show that these approximated estimators have comparable performance at low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) to their standard counterparts and are robust against overestimating the number of impinging signals.
Temporal finite elements for target control dynamics of mechanisms
Authors: Anders Eriksson
Venue: Computers and Structures (2007)

This paper discusses a temporal finite element description in the analysis of dynamics of mechanical systems, with a special emphasis on problems where target control is desired. This is defined as a situation where forces are sought for the movement of a structure from an initial to one or more specified target states. The primary applications lie in robotics and in bio-mechanical forward simulations of musculoskeletal systems. A temporal discretization of the movement and forces is introduced. By interpolating simultaneously displacements and velocities in the spatial discrete degrees of freedom, a collocation over the time interval can be used to decide the necessary system. The needed control can be optimized for chosen criteria on the integrated force components. The temporal interpolation of control forces and discrete displacements introduces a degree of continuity in the obtained results. The viewpoint allows variation of many aspects of problem formulation, and leads to efficient solutions for systems of high complexity but moderate size.
Efficient evolution of neural network topologies
Authors: K. O. Stanley, R. Miikkulainen
Venue: Proceedings of the Evolutionary Computation on 2002. CEC '02. Proceedings of the 2002 Congress - Volume 02 (2002)

Neuroevolution, i.e. evolving artificial neural networks with genetic algorithms, has been highly effective in reinforcement learning tasks, particularly those with hidden state information. An important question in neuroevolution is how to gain an advantage from evolving neural network topologies along with weights. We present a method, NeuroEvolution of Augmenting Topologies (NEAT) that outperforms the best fixed-topology methods on a challenging benchmark reinforcement learning task. We claim that the increased efficiency is due to (1) employing a principled method of crossover of different topologies, (2) protecting structural innovation using speciation, and (3) incrementally growing from minimal structure. We test this claim through a series of ablation studies that demonstrate that each component is necessary to the system as a whole and to each other. What results is significantly faster learning. NEAT is also an important contribution to GAs because it shows how it is possible for evolution to both optimize and complexify solutions simultaneously, making it possible to evolve increasingly complex solutions over time, thereby strengthening the analogy with biological evolution.
Dealing with the Barriers to Performance through Value-Adding Mobile Solutions: Case Study of the Sales Force of a Pharmaceutical Company
Authors: Chihab BenMoussa
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (2007)

Firms are increasingly rushing to invest in a variety of technologies or sales force automation (SFA) to increase the performance of their sales forces. Research has shown, however, that a high proportion of SFA projects fail. The high failure rate of SFA projects can be explained by the lack of appropriate planning, resulting in a gap between management and the sales force in perceptions and usefulness of SFA. This paper explores the barriers to performance that the pharmaceutical sales force face when operating in a mobile working setting, The paper also explored the perception of the sales force with regard to a number of mobile solutions that could provide the sales representatives with the necessary support to deal with the barriers to performance they face in the course of their everyday work. This is achieved through a case study of a midsized multinational pharmaceutical company.
Feasibility intervals for multiprocessor fixed-priority scheduling of arbitrary deadline periodic systems
Authors: Liliana Cucu, Joël Goossens
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe (2007)

In this paper we study the global scheduling of periodic task systems with arbitrary deadlines upon identical multiprocessor platforms. We first show two very general properties which are well-known for uniprocessor platforms and which remain for multiprocessor platforms: (i) under few and not so restrictive assumptions, we show that any feasible schedule of arbitrary deadline periodic task systems is periodic from some point and (ii) for the specific case of synchronous periodic task systems, we show that the schedule repeats from the origin. We then present our main result: any feasible schedule of asynchronous periodic task sets using a fixed-priority scheduler is periodic from a specific point. Moreover, we characterize that point and we provide a feasibility interval for those systems.
HBench: JGC - an application-specific benchmark suite for evaluating JVM garbage collector performance
Authors: Xiaolan Zhang, Margo Seltzer
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th conference on USENIX Conference on Object-Oriented Technologies and Systems - Volume 6 (2001)

As Java becomes a viable platform for server applications, performance becomes a greater concern. An important aspect of Java Virtual Machine performance is its dynamic memory management system (garbage collection or GC). Traditional GC benchmarking often focuses on a set of fixed applications. As a result, when an actual application's memory behavior differs from that of the standard benchmarks, the benchmark results do not help the user judge which GC implementation suits her application the best. In this paper, we present HBench:JGC, an application-specific benchmarking suite, based on the idea that a system's performance be measured in the context of a specific application. HBench:JGC employs a methodology that characterizes the application memory usage and the GC implementation independently and carefully combines both characterizations to form a single metric that reflects a particular application's performance in the presence of a particular GC implementation. We evaluate our approach on Sun Microsystems's JDK1.2.2 classic JVM with a sequential mark-sweep GC. Our results demonstrate HBench:JGC's unique predictive power and its ability to provide meaningful metrics that lead to a better understanding of GC performance.
The Effective Multicasting Routing Protocol in Wireless Mobile Adhoc Network
Authors: G. Narsimha, A. Venugopal Reddy, S. S. V. N. Sarma
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Networking (2007)

With the advance of wireless communication technology, portable computers with radios are being increasingly deployed in common activities. Applications such as conferences, meetings, lectures, crowed control, search and rescue, disaster recovery, and automated battlefields typically do not have central administration. In Adhoc networks, each host must act as a router since routes are mostly multi hop. Nodes in such a networks move arbitrarily, thus network topology changes frequently. The protocol termed ODMRP is a mesh-based instead of tree ..based, multicast protocol that provides richer connectivity among multicast members. The major strengths of ODMRP are its simplicity. We can further improve its performance. We propose new techniques to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of ODMRP. Primary Goals of Enhanced ODMRP: Improve adaptivity to node movement patterns. Transmit control packets only when necessary, Reconstruct routes in anticipation of topology changes, Improve hop-by-hop transmission reliability, and Eliminate route acquisition latency.
Sensor/Actuator Networks in Smart Homes for Supporting Elderly and Handicapped People
Authors: Sebastian Dengler, Abdalkarim Awad, Falko Dressler
Venue: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications Workshops - Volume 02 (2007)

Smart Home, this term comprises various approaches, engaged in living and working now and in the future. The objectives of the various approaches range from enhancing comfort in daily life to enabling a more independent life for elderly and handicapped people. The term Ubiquitous Computing, coined by Mark Weiser describes the ubiquity of computer and information technology. The task of Smart Objects, implanted into everyday items, is to sense the immediate environment using various types of sensors, and to process these information. This functionality assigns a kind of artificial intelligence to common, well known objects and enables comprehensive information-processing and interconnection of almost any kind of everyday object. The (preferably) transparent and hidden technology ranges from Wearable Computers and Smart Clothes to "intelligent" artificial replacements. It supports the user in almost every part of his life by extending his cognition and information processing capacity and tries to compensate for certain handicaps. The challenge regarding smart homes, especially for supporting the elderly and handicapped, is to compensate for handicaps and support the individual in order to give them a more independent life for as long as possible. In this paper, a common architecture for smart home environments is developed, mapped to an experimental setup, and finally evaluated.
Rule-Based Control of Collaborative Robots
Authors: Ge Li, Kuo-chi Lin, Zheng Xia
Venue: Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Artificial Reality and Telexistence--Workshops (2006)

In this paper, we focus our attention on the simple and low-cost collaborative robots that only react to the local situations. Robots behavior is based on very simple rules. System models are presented including target model, sensor model, dynamic model and control model. Collaborative robots are defined to move freely. Simulations have been run under different robots configurations. Simulation results show that the robots can perform the collaborative mission collectively and properly with primitive sensors.
Evaluation of Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling as a Differential Power Analysis Countermeasure
Authors: Karthik Baddam, Mark Zwolinski
Venue: Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on VLSI Design held jointly with 6th International Conference: Embedded Systems (2007)

Differential Power Analysis (DPA) attack is a major concern for secure embedded devices [1] [3]. Currently proposed countermeasures [4] [10] to prevent DPA imposes significant area, power and performance overheads. In addition they either require special standard cell library and design flows or algorithmic modifications. Recently, Random Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (RDVFS) has been proposed [11] as a DPA countermeasure, which has less area, power and performance overheads and it does not require special cell library nor design flows nor algorithmic modifications. However, in a synchronous digital circuit, the operating frequency can be detected by monitoring glitches on the power line. In this paper, we show that using this information, it is possible to mount a DPA attack on circuits employing RDVFS countermeasure. We propose an alternative technique which only varies the supply voltage randomly. Experimental results on AES core with SPICE level simulations show that our proposed method significantly weakens the DPA attack by reducing the correlation of power to processed data.
Pediatric Electronic Health Record Interface Design: The PedOne System
Authors: Mark Ginsburg
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (2007)

The national mandate to develop a National Health Information Network (NHIN) requires the design and implementation of interoperable electronic health record (EHR) systems in hospitals, insurance carriers, urgent care, hospices, and private practices. First movers provide reference implementations and help guide the discussion of further NHIN building blocks. This paper discusses interface considerations in a Web-based pediatric EHR system, PedOne that provides scheduling, billing, and doctor and nurse interview capabilities. The interface is based on a user-centric model and seeks to capture practice workflow in an intuitive manner. PedOne uses open standards to ensure interoperability and conform to stated NHIN design goals. The paper concludes with a discussion of how the current implementation might evolve as more pieces of the NHIN fall into place.
UML Profiles for Design Decisions and Non-Functional Requirements
Authors: Liming Zhu, Ian Gorton
Venue: Proceedings of the Second Workshop on SHAring and Reusing architectural Knowledge Architecture, Rationale, and Design Intent (2007)

A software architecture is composed of a collection of design decisions. Each design decision helps or hinders certain Non-Functional Requirements (NFR). Current software architecture views focus on expressing components and connectors in the system. Design decisions and their relationships with non-functional requirements are often captured in separate design documentation, not explicitly expressed in any views. This disassociation makes architecture comprehension and architecture evolution harder. In this paper, we propose a UML profile for modeling design decisions and an associated UML profile for modeling non-functional requirements in a generic way. The two UML profiles treat design decisions and nonfunctional requirements as first-class elements. Modeled design decisions always refer to existing architectural elements and thus maintain traceability between the two. We provide a mechanism for checking consistency over this traceability. An exemplar is given as a way to demonstrate the feasibility of our approach.
Blended analysis for performance understanding of framework-based applications
Authors: Bruno Dufour, Barbara G. Ryder, Gary Sevitsky
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 international symposium on Software testing and analysis (2007)

This paper defines a new analysis paradigm, blended program analysis, that enables practical, effective analysis of large framework-based Java applications for performance understanding. Blended analysis combines a dynamic representation of the program calling structure, with a static analysis applied to a region of that calling structure with observed performance problems. A blended escape analysis is presented which enables approximation of object effective lifetimes, to facilitate explanation of the usage of newly created objects in a program region. Performance bottlenecks stemming from overuse of temporary structures are common in framework-based applications. Metrics are introduced to expose how, in aggregate, these applications make use of new objects. Results of empirical experiments with the Trade benchmark are presented. A case study demonstrates how results from a blended escape analysis can help locate, in a region which calls 223 distinct methods, the single call path responsible for a performance problem involving objects created at 9 distinct sites and as far as 6 call levels away.
Optimal histogram modification with MSE metric
Authors: M. Mese
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2001. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 03 (2001)

We propose a method to modify the histogram of a signal to a desired specific histogram. Traditionally, points having the same value in the input signal are all mapped to same value in the output signal. Hence, the desired histogram can only be approximated. Here we formulate our problem as finding a transformation such that the error between the input and output signal is minimized and the output signal has the desired histogram. It turns out that this problem is equivalent to an integer linear programming problem. This method might be specifically useful for histogram-based watermarking and compression.
A framework for system reliability analysis considering both system error tolerance and component test quality
Authors: Sung-Jui Pan, Kwang-Ting Cheng
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe (2007)

The failure rate, the sources of failures and the test costs for nanometer devices are all increasing. Therefore, to create a reliable system-on-a-chip device requires designers to implement fault tolerance. However, while system-level fault tolerance could significantly relax the quality requirements of the system's building blocks, every fault-tolerant scheme only works under certain failure mechanisms and within a certain range of error probabilities. Also, designing a system with a high failure-rate component could be very expensive because the growth rate of the design complexity and the system overhead for fault tolerance could be significantly greater than the component failure rate. Therefore, it is desirable to understand the trade-offs between component test quality and system fault-tolerant capability for achieving the desired reliability under cost constraints. In this paper, we propose an analysis framework for system reliability considering (a) the test quality achieved by manufacturing testing, on-line self-checking, and off-line built-in self-test; (b) the fault-tolerant and spare schemes; and (c) the component defect and error probabilities. We demonstrate that, through proper redundancy configurations and low-cost testing to insure a certain degree of component test quality, a low-redundant system might achieve equal or higher reliability than a high-redundant system.
On reliable and scalable management of wireless sensor networks
Authors: Anish Arora
Venue:  (2006)

Wireless sensor networks have shown great potential as the technology that will change the way we interact with the physical world around us and have forced researchers to reconsider the way they think about distributed systems. However, these networks have to deal with a great deal of uncertainty arising out of the unique differences in their computational model such as unreliable communication, severely resource constrained devices and vulnerability to different types of faults. To meet these challenges, we must first understand the different reliability issues related to wireless sensor networks and then design appropriate mechanisms to deal with them. We believe network management to be a key enabler for such networks to deal with these challenges. In this dissertation, we first present a comprehensive study of different types of node and network faults that occur in wireless sensor networks and propose a fault model for these networks. Based on this fault model, we identify key elements of a network management architecture for wireless sensor networks. We then present MASE, a Management Architecture for SEnsor networks, that addresses management issues at all levels in a sensor network: at individual nodes, in the network, and also at the base station. We emphasize self-stabilizing designs for MASE components to deal with anticipated and unanticipated faults. We present key network management services such as the Stabilizing Reconfiguration service, the Chowkidar health monitoring service and the Reporter termination detection service that we have designed and implemented as part of MASE. We also present our network-based experiment orchestration framework which closes the loop in sensor network management by automating common execution and experimentation patterns. The different architectural components presented in this dissertation have been validated not only through experiments, but also in field deployments for managing large scale sensor network systems such as A Line In The Sand and ExScai. Implementations for existing services and tools developed as part of the MASE architecture, for mote, Stargate and server platforms, are also publicly available in the form of a MASE toolkit.
Wild, Wild Wikis: A way forward
Authors: Robert Charles, Adigun Ranmi
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Creating, Connecting and Collaborating through Computing (2007)

Wikis can be considered as public domain knowledge sharing system. They provide opportunity for those who may not have the privilege to publish their thoughts through the traditional methods. They are one of the fastest growing systems of online encyclopaedia. In this study, we consider the importance of wikis as a way of creating, sharing and improving public knowledge. We identify some of the problems associated with these public resources to include, (a) identification of the identities of information and its creator (b) accuracy of information (c) justification of the credibility of authors (d) vandalism of quality of information (e) weak control over the contents. A solution to some of these problems is sought through the use of an annotation model. The model assumes that contributions in wikis can be seen as annotation to the initial document. It proposed a systematic control of contributors and contributions to the initiative and the keeping of records of what existed and what was done to initial documents. We believe that with this model, analysis can be done on the progress of wiki initiatives. We assumed that using this model, wikis can be better used for creation and sharing of knowledge for public use.
Age Differences in Deactivation: A Link to Cognitive Control?
Authors: Jonas Persson, Cindy Lustig, James K. Nelson, Patricia A. Reuter-Lorenz
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2007)

The network of regions shown by functional imaging studies to be deactivated by experimental tasks relative to nominally more passive baselines (task
The cellular text telephone modem - the solution for supporting text telephone functionality in GSM networks
Authors: M. Dorbecker
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2001. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 03 (2001)

Text telephone devices are text-based terminals that allow the users to communicate by text via fixed-line telephone networks. Since cellular phone systems are sometime subject to severe radio channel impairments and the modem signals of these text telephones are therefore not always transmitted reliably, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has required a solution to guarantee a reliable transmission of text telephone data for emergency calls via cellular phone systems. For the North American PCS-1900 cellular phone systems the Standards Committee T1 has standardized a solution for this requirement, which is based on a new modem protocol, the cellular text telephone modem (CTM), whose signals can be reliably transmitted via the speech channel of cellular phone systems. After an introduction into text telephony, this contribution provides a description of this solution for PCS-1900 systems using CTM signals. The solution is indeed independent of the cellular system and works on de-facto all speech channels.