ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
MetricViewEvolution: UML-based Views for Monitoring Model Evolution and Quality
Authors: Christian F. J. Lange, Martijn A. M. Wijns, Michel R. V. Chaudron
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th European Conference on Software Maintenance and Reengineering (2007)

As the role of models during software development and maintenance is becoming more and more important, techniques are needed to control a model's quality during evolution. We present our tool MetricViewEvolution as a step towards managing model quality during development and evolution. Six views are implemented in MetricViewEvolution that aid the user in tasks such as model understanding, identification of quality problems and evolution trends. The views combine structural model information with metrics data from inside the model and external sources. MetricViewEvolution has been applied successfully in industrial case studies.
On Grid-based Matrix Partitioning for Heterogeneous Processors
Authors: Alexey Lastovetsky
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Computing (2007)

The problem of optimal matrix partitioning for parallel linear algebra on p heterogeneous processors is typically reduced to the geometrical problem of partitioning a unit square into rectangles. In the most general case, the problem has proved NP-complete. Therefore, restrictions of this problem allowing for polynomial solutions should be studied. So far, the only well-studied restriction has been a column-based geometrical partitioning problem obtained from the general problem by imposing the additional restriction that rectangles of the partitioning make up columns. This problem has a solution of the complexity O( p3 ) . This paper studies another restriction - a grid-based partitioning problem obtained from the general problem by imposing the additional restriction that the heterogeneous processors owing the rectangles of the partitioning form a two-dimensional grid. An algorithm of the complexity O( p3/ 2 ) solving this problem is proposed, proved and experimentally validated.
Exploring the Role of Software Architecture in Dynamic and Fault Tolerant Pervasive Systems
Authors: Chiyoung Seo, Sam Malek, George Edwards, Daniel Popescu, Nenad Medvidovic, Brad Petrus, Sharmila Ravula
Venue: Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Software Engineering Workshops (2007)

Pervasive systems are rapidly growing in size, complexity, distribution, and heterogeneity. As a result, the traditional practice of developing one-off embedded applications that are often rigid and unmanageable is no longer acceptable. This is particularly evident in a growing class of mobile and dynamic pervasive systems that are highly unpredictable, and thus require flexible and adaptable software support. At the same time, many of these applications are mission critical and have stringent fault tolerance requirements. In this paper, we argue that an effective approach to developing software systems in this domain is to employ the principles of software architecture. We discuss the design and implementation of facilities we have provided in a tool-suite targeted for architecture-based development of fault tolerant pervasive systems.
Characterizing Network Traffic in a Cluster-based, Multi-tier Data Center
Authors: Deniz Ersoz, Mazin S. Yousif, Chita R. Das
Venue: Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (2007)

With the increasing use of various Web-based services, design of high performance, scalable and dependable data centers has become a critical issue. Recent studies show that a clustered, multi-tier architecture is a cost-effective approach to design such servers. Since these servers are highly distributed and complex, understanding the workloads driving them is crucial for the success of the ongoing research to improve them. In view of this, there has been a significant amount of work to characterize the workloads of Web-based services. However, all of the previous studies focus on a high level view of these servers, and analyze request-based or session-based characteristics of the workloads. In this paper, we focus on the characteristics of the network behavior within a clustered, multi-tiered data center. Using a real implementation of a clustered three-tier data center, we analyze the arrival rate and inter-arrival time distribution of the requests to individual server nodes, the network traffic between tiers, and the average size of messages exchanged between tiers. The main results of this study are; (1) in most cases, the request inter-arrival rates follow log-normal distribution, and self-similarity exists when the data center is heavily loaded, (2) message sizes can be modeled by the log-normal distribution, and (3) service times fit reasonably well with the Pareto distribution and show heavy tailed behavior at heavy loads.
Code-carrying theories
Authors: Bart Jacobs, Sjaak Smetsers, Ronny Wichers Schreur
Venue: Formal Aspects of Computing (2007)

This paper is both a position paper on a particular approach in program correctness, and also a contribution to this area. The approach entails the generation of programs (code) from the executable content of logical theories. This capability already exists within the main theorem provers like Coq, Isabelle and ACL2 and PVS. Here we will focus on issues portraying the use of this methodology, rather than the underlying theory. We illustrate the power of the approach within PVS via two case studies (on unification and compression) that lead to actual running code. We also demonstrate its flexibility by extending the program generation capabilities. This paper fits in a line of ongoing integration of programming and proving.
Optimal wavelet packets for low-delay audio coding
Authors: P. Philippe, F. Moreau de Saint-Martin, M. Lever, J. Soumagne
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 01 (1996)

We address the issue of choosing an optimal wavelet packets decomposition for low-delay audio bit-rate reduction. The decomposition tree and the choice of the wavelet filters for each 2-band cell of the tree are optimized. For a given filterbank we measure the entropy of the symbols resulting from a quantization stage ensuring transparent compression. This measure is the criterion to be minimized under a delay constraint. The optimization is carried out with simulated annealing techniques among a large family of filters. We show that there is no loss choosing the wavelet filters among a family of filters that have been optimized with respect to coding gain for AR(1) models. This provides efficient wavelet packets for low bit-rate low delay audio compression.
Iris Image Recognition
Authors: Ryszard S. Choras
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Computer Information Systems and Industrial Management Applications (2007)

The authentication of people using iris-based recognition is a widely developing technology. Iris recognition is feasible for use in differentiating between identical twins. Though the iris color and the overall statistical quality of the iris texture may be dependent on genetic factors, the textural details are independent and uncorrelated for genetically identical iris pairs. The feature extraction and classification are heavily based on the rich textural details of the iris.
Devising a cost effective baseball scheduling by evolutionary algorithms
Authors: R. I. McKay, Hsien-Da Huang, Jorng-Tzong Horng
Venue: Proceedings of the Evolutionary Computation on 2002. CEC '02. Proceedings of the 2002 Congress - Volume 02 (2002)

We discuss the scheduling problems of a sports league and propose a new approach to solve these problems by applying evolution strategy. A schedule in a sports league must satisfy many constraints on timing, such as the number of games played between every pair of teams, the bounds on the number of consecutive home (or away) games for each team, every pair of teams must have played each other in the first half of the season, and so on. In addition to finding a feasible schedule that meets all the timing restrictions, the problem addressed has the additional complexity of having the objective of minimizing travel costs and every team having a balanced number of games at home. We formalize the scheduling problem into an optimization problem and adopt the concept of evolution strategy to solve it. We define the travel cost and distance cost for teams in the sports league by referring to Major League Baseball (MLB) in the United States and focus on the scheduling problem in MLB. Using the new method, it is more efficient at finding better results than previous approaches.
ERTSAL: a prototype of a domain-specific aspect language for analysis of embedded real-time systems
Authors: William Sousan, Victor Winter, Mansour Zand, Harvey Siy
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd workshop on Domain specific aspect languages (2007)

A primary characteristic of Embedded Real-Time Systems (ERTS) is the fact that they are resource constrained. Such constraints present unique challenges to the embedded systems programmer who must develop software satisfying a given set of functional requirements while simultaneously addressing the limitations of available resources and dependability concerns. This paper describes ERTSAL -- a domain-specific aspect language suitable for use by embedded systems software developers that is comprised of domain specific instructions for use in the monitoring, evaluating, and debugging of ERTS. ERTSAL abstractions shield developers from the intricacies of AspectC++ and the idiosyncrasies of an underlying RTOS. The semantics of ERTSAL is defined in terms of AspectC++. ERTSAL aspects are automatically transformed to corresponding AspectC++ aspects using the transformation system HATS.
Trajectory Analysis for Soccer Players
Authors: Chan-Hyun Kang, Jung-Rae Hwang, Ki-Joune Li
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Data Mining - Workshops (2006)

In order to make good strategies, soccer coaches analyze the archives of matches, which can be effectively considered as a set of trajectories. We can extract several useful information by analyzing the trajectories of moving objects, which consist of 22 players and a ball. Since each moving object interacts with others and produces a trajectory, its trajectory has a certain number of relationships with others, which are a basic type of information to make soccer strategies. In this paper, we propose a model to quantitatively express the performance of soccer players. This model is based on the relationships between trajectories of 22 players and a ball and allows to evaluate the performance of several players in quantitative way.
Utility Based Multiple QoS Guaranteed Resource Scheduling Optimization in Grid Computing
Authors: Li Chunlin, Li Layuan
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computing: Theory and Applications (2007)

In this paper, we consider multiple QoS based grid resource scheduling. It is heterogeneity and dynamics of the grid that make QoS problems in grid environment challenging. Computational grid's resource management must deal with various demands from users. Each of grid task agent's diverse requirements is modeled as a quality of service (QoS) dimension, associated with each QoS dimension is a utility function that defines the benefit that is perceived by a user with respect to QoS choices in that dimension. The objective of multiple QoS based grid resource scheduling is to maximize the global utility of the scheduling system. This paper proposes an iterative scheduling algorithm that is used to perform optimal multiple QoS based resource scheduling. The experiments show that optimal multiple QoS based resource scheduling involves less overhead and leads to more efficient resource allocation than no optimal resource allocation.
REX, the rule and event eXplorer
Authors: AnnMarie Ericsson, Mikael Berndtsson
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 inaugural international conference on Distributed event-based systems (2007)

Complex Event Processing (CEP) is a technology with support for matching patterns in a cloud or streams of events in order to support detection of specific combinations of event occurrences. A clever specification of event patterns may, for example, detect fraud attempts in a banking system, fire an alarm in response to hazardous situations in a control system or report suspicious customer behavior. Several CEP engines have support for graphically modelling applications as well as perform tests and provide execution traces to verify the application behavior. We argue that it is beneficial to complement testing with formal verification in order to detect errors in early stages of development. In this paper, we present the research prototype tool REX. REX is built as a loosely coupled front end to the timed-automata CASE tool UPPAAL. CEP applications and application specific properties can be specified in REX. To support formal verification, REX seamlessly transforms the CEP application together with the specified properties to the timed automata CASE tool UPPAAL where the properties are verified by the model-checker provided by UPPAAL.
Preparation of the examinations: a study in process
Authors: F. J. Lage
Venue: Proceedings of the 30th Annual Frontiers in Education - Volume 01 (2000)

In the few last years, the academic level of university students has become worse. Teachers comment that the students lack the necessary habits of study to evolve well in classes. Consequently the number of failures increases. This does not seem to relate to intellectual capacity. We asked ourselves: which is the root of the problem? Why are the students failing examinations in greater numbers? From a statistical analysis of the results of the examinations taken by students in the course Algorithms and Programming a considerable increase in the number of reprobated students was detected. Therefore, the decision was taken to make a detailed research study oriented to understand these results. The adopted methodology is based on the principles of the ethnographic investigation in that it does not try to make a statistical generalization. This research is oriented to understand this as students and experts prepare examinations. In order to be able to analyze the problem, a script was given to 30 students (inexperienced) and to a group of 10 professors (experts) of how to prepare an examination. These scripts have been taken into account to detect the differences between both. These first conclusions will allow to process courses of action so that the students know their limitations and successes as well as to design strategies that improve their habits of studies and their production.
Cooperation Between Abductive and Inductive Nursing Risk Management
Authors: Akinori Abe, Hiromi Itoh Ozaku, Noriaki Kuwahara, Kiyoshi Kogure
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Data Mining - Workshops (2006)

In general risk management, inductive management is usually adopted If we computationally conduct inductive management, it is vital to collect a considerable number of examples to perform machine learning. In the Accident or Incident Report Database home page, we can review various types of accidents or incidents. However; since reports are written by various nurses, the granularity and quality of reports are not suficient for machine learning. We, therefore, explain the importance of conducting dynamic nursing risk management that can be achieved by abduction, then illustrate cooperation behveen abductive and inductive types of nursing risk management.
Concept questions for improved learning and outcome assessment in statics
Authors: S. Danielson
Venue: Proceedings of the 30th Annual Frontiers in Education - Volume 02 (2000)

Summary form only given. Students in science, math, or engineering classes often focus on plugging numbers into equations rather than understanding the basic concepts behind the equations. Eric Mazur (1997) developed materials to help physics teachers move students from juggling equations to actually thinking and learning the concepts of physics by use of concept questions and peer instruction. Statics concept questions that instructors can use to encourage students to grapple with underlying concepts as well as support active learning in statics classes are being developed. In addition, the questions are targeted at different levels of Bloom's (1956) taxonomy. Use of these questions in statics classes at two different institutions and initial results are described.
Specification of learning trails in virtual courses
Authors: S. Seehusen
Venue: Proceedings of the 30th Annual Frontiers in Education - Volume 02 (2000)

Lifelong learning and goal driven learning create new requirements for virtual online courses. The development of virtual courses is not just a technical challenge, but is also a didactic and pedagogic challenge. In order to cope with the requirements met by heterogeneous student groups of online courses, learning trails are classified, which guide students through a course in different ways. A learning trail can be oriented to the didactic structure or the structure of the subject's scientific domain, to learning units of the same type such as conclusions or exercises, to selective or modal structures. This enables students to use the some online course in a productive and effective way. L3-XML, an XML-DTD, is presented to specify an online course enabling different learning trails. The concept is demonstrated for the "Introduction to object oriented programming" course.
Parsing and subcategorization data
Authors: Jianguo Li, Chris Brew
Venue: Proceedings of the COLING/ACL on Main conference poster sessions (2006)

In this paper, we compare the performance of a state-of-the-art statistical parser (Bikel, 2004) in parsing written and spoken language and in generating subcategorization cues from written and spoken language. Although Bikel's parser achieves a higher accuracy for parsing written language, it achieves a higher accuracy when extracting subcategorization cues from spoken language. Our experiments also show that current technology for extracting subcategorization frames initially designed for written texts works equally well for spoken language. Additionally, we explore the utility of punctuation in helping parsing and extraction of subcategorization cues. Our experiments show that punctuation is of little help in parsing spoken language and extracting subcategorization cues from spoken language. This indicates that there is no need to add punctuation in transcribing spoken corpora simply in order to help parsers.
World explorer: visualizing aggregate data from unstructured text in geo-referenced collections
Authors: Shane Ahern, Mor Naaman, Rahul Nair, Jeannie Hui-I Yang
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th ACM/IEEE-CS joint conference on Digital libraries (2007)

The availability of map interfaces and location-aware devices makes a growing amount of unstructured, geo-referenced information available on the Web. This type of information can be valuable not only for browsing, finding and making sense of individual items, but also in aggregate form to help understand data trends and features. In particular, over twenty million geo-referenced photos are now available on Flickr, a photo-sharing website - the first major collection of its kind. These photos are often associated with user-entered unstructured text labels (i.e., tags). We show how we analyze the tags associated with the geo-referenced Flickr images to generate aggregate knowledge in the form of "representative tags" for arbitrary areas in the world. We use these tags to create a visualization tool, World Explorer, tha tcan help expose the content of the data, using a map interface to display the derived tags and the original photo items. We perform a qualitative evaluation of World Explorer that outlines the visualization's benefits in browsing this type of content. We provide insights regarding the aggregate versus individual-item requirements in browsing digital geo-referenced material.
Does SOA Improve the Supply Chain? An Empirical Analysis of the Impact of SOA Adoption on Electronic Supply Chain Performance
Authors: Sanjeev Kumar, Vijay Dakshinamoorthy, M. S. Krishnan
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (2007)

Service Oriented Architecture ("SOA") has been viewed as a strategic approach to IT that provides increased flexibility. However, there is scant research evidence of SOA adoption leading to tangible performance benefits across a cross section of firms. We fill this research gap by empirically analyzing the impact of SOA adoption on the performance of electronic supply chains for a cross section of large US firms. We find that adoption of SOA does lead to better performance of the electronic supply chain. We also find that SOA moderates firm's ability to leverage electronically integrated customers to achieve better electronic supply chain performance. Further, we show that the impact of SOA adoption is fully mediated through its moderation effect on the firm's ability to leverage electronically integrated customers to achieve higher electronic supply chain performance. Lastly, the paper discusses how IT managers can make informed SOA adoption decisions.
Utility of High Performance Computing Facilities for the Calculation of the Theoretical X-ray Absorption Spectra of Solids
Authors: Dawn M. Shaw, Michael Odelius, John S. Tse
Venue: Proceedings of the 21st International Symposium on High Performance Computing Systems and Applications (2007)

Two cases demonstrating the utility of high performance computing to calculate x-ray absorption spectra (XAS) of solids are discussed. The x-ray absorption spectra of high pressure ices II, VIII, and IX have been computed with the Car Parrinello plane wave pseudopotential method. XAS for the intermediate structures obtained from uniaxial compression of hexagonal graphite along the c-axis are also studied. Whenever possible, comparisons to available experimental results are made. The reliability of the computational methods for the calculations of the XAS for these structures is discussed.
Analyst Forecast Revision and Market Sales Discovery of Online Word of Mouth
Authors: Nan Hu, Ling Liu, Jennifer Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (2007)

Online word-of-mouth (WOM) communication in the form of online product reviews, such as those provided by consumers who have previously purchased a product, has become a major information source for consumers and marketers about a product's quality. The literature has thus far used online product reviews to predict a product's sales and future success, and found a positive relationship between the mean review scores and product sales. However, the questions that whether consumers appreciate both quantitative and qualitative aspects of online review and how do they use review information remain unaddressed. Using portfolio methodology, this paper empirically shows that consumers do appreciate the quality value difference between a good review and a bad review. and respond more to a review written by a reviewer with better reputation and higher exposure. Furthermore, it shows that the impact of online review on sales is moderated by the information environment of product. Finally, we find that the impact of reviewer exposure and product coverage on sales is moderated by the innovation level of review signal.