ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Robust Segmentation by Cutting across a Stack of Gamma Transformed Images
Authors: Elena Bernardis, Stella X. Yu
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Energy Minimization Methods in Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (2009)

Medical image segmentation appears to be governed by the global intensity level and should be robust to local intensity fluctuation. We develop an efficient spectral graph method which seeks the best segmentation on a stack of gamma transformed versions of the original image. Each gamma image produces two types of grouping cues operating at different ranges: Short-range attraction pulls pixels towards region centers, while long-range repulsion pushes pixels away from region boundaries. With rough pixel correspondence between gamma images, we obtain an aligned cue stack for the original image. Our experimental results demonstrate that cutting across the entire gamma stack delivers more accurate segmentations than commonly used watershed algorithms.
Simple Random Logic Programs
Authors: Gayathri Namasivayam, Mirosław Truszczyński
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Logic Programming and Nonmonotonic Reasoning (2009)

We consider random logic programs with two-literal rules and study their properties. In particular, we obtain results on the probability that random "sparse" and "dense" programs with two-literal rules have answer sets. We study experimentally how hard it is to compute answer sets of such programs. For programs that are constraint-free and purely negative we show that the easy-hard-easy pattern emerges. We provide arguments to explain that behavior. We also show that the hardness of programs from the hard region grows quickly with the number of atoms. Our results point to the importance of purely negative constraint-free programs for the development of ASP solvers.
Combinatorial Problems for Horn Clauses
Authors: Marina Langlois, Dhruv Mubayi, Robert H. Sloan, György Turán
Venue: Graph Theory, Computational Intelligence and Thought: Essays Dedicated to Martin Charles Golumbic on the Occasion of His 60th Birthday (2009)

Given a family of Horn clauses, what is the minimal number of Horn clauses implying all other clauses in the family? What is the maximal number of Horn clauses from the family without having resolvents of a certain kind? We consider various problems of this type, and give some sharp bounds. We also consider the probability that a random family of a given size implies all other clauses in the family, and we prove the existence of a sharp threshold.
Analysis on Pollution Control System Transformation Example of Coal-Fired Boiler
Authors: Min Xi, Yue Li, Fanlong Kong, Nan Wang, Pengfei Yu, Baohua Zang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Environmental Science and Information Application Technology - Volume 03 (2009)

Along with the country's 11th Five-Year energy saving and emission reduction targets been formulated, it is necessary to explore the way of "resource-conserving and environment-friendly" about coal-fired boiler. In this paper, waste gas, wastewater, noise and solid waste pollution control system transformation of coal-fired boiler of Qingdao LongFa thermoelectric limited company were analyzed. It focused on the feasibility of using alkaline wastewater of textile dyeing industrial park for desulfurization, and analyzed the economic, social and environmental benefit.
A Measurement Method of Tool Nose Radius Based on Dimension Errors of Machined Workpiece in CNC Finish Turning Operation
Authors: Jianlai Zhou, Nanqiao Zhang, Shuchu Liu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation - Volume 01 (2009)

For the purpose to acquire the value of the tool nose radius more accurately and conveniently, it was presented here that, taking into accounting of geometric figure and size of tool nose, tool wear and contacting condition between the tool and workpiece, the tool nose compensation radius should be replaced by the needed tool-nose compensation-radius in CNC fine turning. By turning a taper or even a chamfer, the needed tool-nose compensation-radius could be surveyed accurately after measuring the dimension of the workpiece surfaces. Experimental tests carried out indicate that the proposed measurement technique is more accurate and reliable for radius compensating than the past method in finish turning taper or free-form surfaces and machining efficiency can be enhanced effectively.
STAT: speech transcription analysis tool
Authors: Stephen A. Kunath, Steven H. Weinberger
Venue: Proceedings of Human Language Technologies: The 2009 Annual Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Companion Volume: Demonstration Session (2009)

The Speech Transcription Analysis Tool (STAT) is an open source tool for aligning and comparing two phonetically transcribed texts of human speech. The output analysis is a parameterized set of phonological differences. These differences are based upon a selectable set of binary phonetic features such as [voice], [continuant], [high], etc. STAT was initially designed to provide sets of phonological speech patterns in the comparisons of various English accents found in the Speech Accent Archive http://accent.gmu.edu, but its scope and utility expand to matters of language assessment, phonetic training, forensic linguistics, and speech recognition.
Relationship between natural language processing and AI
Authors: Aravind K. Joshi
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifteenth international joint conference on Artifical intelligence - Volume 2 (1997)

The use of constrained formal/computational systems just adequate for modeling various aspects of language-syntax, semantics, pragmatics and discourse, among others-has proved to be not only an effective research strategy but has led to deeper understanding of these aspects, with implications to both machine processing as well as human processing. This approach enables one to distinguish between universal and stipulative constraints. The other approach is to start with the most general and most powerful formal/computational system and use it to model these phenomena, thus making all constraints stipulative, in a sense. The tension between these approaches, together with the increasing use of empirical methods combining structural and statistical information, has made the relationship between natural language processing and AI quite stormy. I will review some of the past and current research following the first approach and also suggest how the stormy relationship could be improved.
The Deep Impact Network Experiment Operations Center Monitor and Control System
Authors: Shin-Ywan (Cindy) Wang, J. Leigh Torgerson, Joshua Schoolcraft, Yan Brenman
Venue: Proceedings of the Third IEEE International Conference on Space Mission Challenges for Information Technology (2009)

The Interplanetary Overlay Network (ION) software at JPL is an implementation of Delay/Disruption Tolerant Networking (DTN) which has been proposed as an interplanetary protocol to support space communication. The JPL Deep Impact Network (DINET) is a technology development experiment intended to increase the technical readiness of the JPL implemented ION suite. The DINET Experiment Operations Center (EOC) developed by JPL’s Protocol Technology Lab (PTL) was critical in accomplishing the experiment. EOC, containing all end nodes of simulated spaces and one administrative node, exercised publish and subscribe functions for payload data among all end nodes to verify the effectiveness of data exchange over ION protocol stacks. A Monitor and Control System was created and installed on the administrative node as a multi-tiered internet-based Web application to support the Deep Impact Network Experiment by allowing monitoring and analysis of the data delivery and statistics from ION. This Monitor and Control System includes the capability of receiving protocol status messages, classifying and storing status messages into a database from the ION simulation network, and providing web interfaces for viewing the live results in addition to interactive database queries.
Time and Space Partitioning in Spacecraft Avionics
Authors: James Windsor, Kjeld Hjortnaes
Venue: Proceedings of the Third IEEE International Conference on Space Mission Challenges for Information Technology (2009)

This paper will describe the benefits of incorporating software Time and Space Partitioning (TSP), based upon the aeronautic IMA concept, into the spacecraft avionics architecture to manage the growth of mission functions implemented in the on-board software. The paper addresses how TSP can be used to safely integrate applications of different criticality and security classifications, and how incremental validation is supported to control the impact of software modifications to the system.
Hyperloops Do Not Threaten the Notion of an Effective Procedure
Authors: Tim Button
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th Conference on Computability in Europe: Mathematical Theory and Computational Practice (2009)

This paper develops my (forthcoming) criticisms of the philosophical significance of a certain sort of infinitary computational process, a hyperloop. I start by considering whether hyperloops suggest that "effectively computable" is vague (in some sense). I then consider and criticise two arguments by Hogarth, who maintains that hyperloops undermine the very idea of effective computability. I conclude that hyperloops, on their own, cannot threaten the notion of an effective procedure. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
A Hybrid IP Forwarding Engine with High Performance and Low Power
Authors: Junghwan Kim, Myeong-Cheol Ko, Hyun-Kyu Kang, Jinsoo Kim
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Science and Its Applications: Part II (2009)

Many IP forwarding engines have employed TCAM for lookup operations due to its capability of storing variable-sized network prefixes. Power consumption has been one of the most important issues in TCAM-based engines. In contrast, SRAM can be operated with low power and latency but it cannot store variable-sized data directly. While it may need several accesses per lookup, TCAM needs only one access because of its parallel search. In this paper we propose a hybrid IP forwarding engine which elaborately combines TCAM and SRAM to allow both low power and high throughput. It consists of three stages based on different kinds of memories. Each stage may or may not be operated depending on a given IP address to maximize performance and save energy. Experiment results show that the proposed engine is at least 7.3 times faster than the normal TCAM-based engine with only 1.8% energy of that engine.
A Strategy for Resource Allocation and Pricing in Grid Environment Based on Economic Model
Authors: Bin Lu, Jianjing Ma
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Natural Computing - Volume 01 (2009)

The market mechanism based on price is imported into the traditional Grid architecture based on hierarchical model, and a Grid architecture based on economic model is constructed. Besides the time and cost, Grid users also concern about the use value of Grid resources. Accordingly, not only a utility function of Grid resource but also a utility function of Grid user having the Cobb-Douglas form is constructed. And the latter can express different preferences and targets of Grid users. The Lagrange method is utilized to solve the optimization problem of utility function. In addition, a strategy for resource allocation and pricing based on utility function optimization is proposed. Finally, performance and efficiency of Grid tasks and resources mapping algorithm proposed in this paper is analyzed through the simulation experiment.
Towards computer-vision software tools to increase production and accessibility of video description for people with vision loss
Authors: Langis Gagnon, Samuel Foucher, Maguelonne Heritier, Marc Lalonde, David Byrns, Claude Chapdelaine, James Turner, Suzanne Mathieu, Denis Laurendeau, Nath Tan Nguyen, Denis Ouellet
Venue: Universal Access in the Information Society (2009)

This paper presents the status of a R&D project targeting the development of computer-vision tools to assist humans in generating and rendering video description for people with vision loss. Three principal issues are discussed: (1) production practices, (2) needs of people with vision loss, and (3) current system design, core technologies and implementation. The paper provides the main conclusions of consultations with producers of video description regarding their practices and with end-users regarding their needs, as well as an analysis of described productions that lead to propose a video description typology. The current status of a prototype software is also presented (audio-vision manager) that uses many computer-vision technologies (shot transition detection, key-frame identification, key-face recognition, key-text spotting, visual motion, gait/gesture characterization, key-place identification, key-object spotting and image categorization) to automatically extract visual content, associate textual descriptions and add them to the audio track with a synthetic voice. A proof of concept is also briefly described for a first adaptive video description player which allows end users to select various levels of video description.
The role of self-determination theory in explaining teachers' motivation to continue to use e-learning technology
Authors: Øystein Sørebø, Hallgeir Halvari, Vebjørn Flaata Gulli, Roar Kristiansen
Venue: Computers Education (2009)

Based on self-determination theory, this study proposes an extended information systems continuance theory in the context of teachers' utilization of e-learning technology in connection with on-site courses. In the proposed model teachers' extrinsic motivation (i.e. perceived usefulness), confirmation of pre-acceptance expectations and intrinsic motivation are predicted to be influenced by perceived autonomy, perceived competence and perceived relatedness. Even though information systems continuance theory has received quite extensive attention in prior research, this study is among the first to examine the effects of self-determination theory constructs in the context of teachers' utilization of e-learning technology. The results show that extension of IS-continuance theory with constructs that represent users' basic psychological needs and intrinsic motivation can be useful for predicting their e-learning continuance intentions.
A Modified Particle Swarm Optimization with an Adaptive Acceleration Coefficients
Authors: Tang Ziyu, Zhang Dingxue
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Asia-Pacific Conference on Information Processing - Volume 02 (2009)

An adaptive particle swarm optimization (PSO) was proposed based on a version of PSO without the velocity of the previous iteration. To overcome premature searching for the velocity of a particle at zero, reinitialize the velocity of the particle with a random velocity. Simultaneity, to enhance exploration in the early stage and exploitation during the latter, we introduce exponential time-varying acceleration coefficients. The simulation results show that the algorithm has better probability of finding global optimum and mean best value than others algorithm.
A New Approach for Accessible Interaction within Smart Homes through Virtual Reality
Authors: Viveca Jimenez-Mixco, Rafael Heras, Juan-Luis Villalar, María Teresa Arredondo
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th International on ConferenceUniversal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Part II: Intelligent and Ubiquitous Interaction Environments (2009)

This paper proposes an innovative Virtual-Reality-based interaction strategy integrated with a real domotics platform as a testbed to evaluate user experience of people with disabilities and their assistants. A living lab has been arranged to analyze and extract those applications with better acceptance for the users, making use of a multimodal approach to adapt the interaction mechanisms to their needs, skills and preferences. A preliminary testing phase validated the system in terms of performance, reliability and usability. A complete evaluation trial is about to be configured for assessing the final system with a wide range of target users.
An Efficient Dynamic Load Balancing Scheme for Heterogenous Processing System
Authors: Xiaonian Tong, Wanneng Shu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Natural Computing - Volume 02 (2009)

In order to balance loadings in heterogenous parallel processing systems, a new task scheduling algorithm, weighted least connection genetic algorithm (WLGA), is proposed. WLGA algorithm uses the genetic algorithm to improve the weighted least connection algorithm (WLCA), it overcomes deficiencies of WLCA algorithms and provides functions of dynamic control to schedule tasks so that the distribution problem of N processors is solved effectively. The experimental result shows the improved algorithm WLGA is superior to basic genetic algorithm and WLCA algorithm.
Towards a Multidimensional Approach for the Evaluation of Multimodal Application User Interfaces
Authors: José E.R. De Queiroz, Joseana M. Fechine, Ana E. Barbosa, Danilo S. Ferreira
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Part II: Novel Interaction Methods and Techniques (2009)

This paper focuses on a multidimensional approach for evaluating multimodal UI based upon a set of well known techniques for usability evaluation. Each technique evaluates the problem from a different perspective which combines user opinion, standard conformity assessment, and user performance measurement. The method's presentation and the evaluation analysis will be supported by a discussion of the results obtained from the method's application to a case study involving a Smartphone. The main objective of the study was to investigate the need for adapting a multidimensional evaluation approach for desktop applications to the context of multimodal devices and applications.
A practical pressure sensitive computer keyboard
Authors: Paul H. Dietz, Benjamin Eidelson, Jonathan Westhues, Steven Bathiche
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology (2009)

A pressure sensitive computer keyboard is presented that independently senses the force level on every depressed key. The design leverages existing membrane technologies and is suitable for low-cost, high-volume manufacturing. A number of representative applications are discussed.
Search Results Clustering Using Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF)
Authors: Hussam Dahwa Abdulla, Martin Polovincak, Vaclav Snasel
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Advances in Social Network Analysis and Mining (2009)

There are many search engines in the web and when asked, they return a long list of search results, ranked by their relevancies to the given query. Web users have to go through the list and examine the titles and (short) snippets sequentially to identify their required results. In this paper we present how usage of Nonnegative Matrix Factorization(NMF) can be good solution for the search results clustering.
Privacy in Web Search Query Log Mining
Authors: Rosie Jones
Venue: Proceedings of the European Conference on Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases: Part I (2009)

Web search engines have changed our lives - enabling instant access to information about subjects that are both deeply important to us, as well as passing whims. The search engines that provide answers to our search queries also log those queries, in order to improve their algorithms. Academic research on search queries has shown that they can provide valuable information on diverse topics including word and phrase similarity, topical seasonality and may even have potential for sociology, as well as providing a barometer of the popularity of many subjects. At the same time, individuals are rightly concerned about what the consequences of accidental leaking or deliberate sharing of this information may mean for their privacy. In this talk I will cover the applications which have benefited from mining query logs, the risks that privacy can be breached by sharing query logs, and current algorithms for mining logs in a way to prevent privacy breaches.
Classification of a Class of Counting Problems Using Holographic Reductions
Authors: Michael Kowalczyk
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference on Computing and Combinatorics (2009)

The purpose of this work is to prove a generalization of the dichotomy theorem from [6], extending that result to a larger class of counting problems. This is achieved through the use of interpolation and holographic reductions. We also use holographic reductions to establish a close connection between a class of problems which are solvable using Fibonacci gates and the class of problems which can be solved by applying a particular kind of counting argument.
Model-Based Safety-Cases for Software-Intensive Systems
Authors: Peter Braun, Jan Philipps, Bernhard Schätz, Stefan Wagner
Venue: Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science (ENTCS) (2009)

Safety cases become increasingly important for software certification. Models play a crucial role in building and combining information for the safety case. This position paper sketches an ideal model-based safety case with defect hypotheses and failure characterisations. From this, open research issues are derived.
Orthogonalization and Thresholding Method for a Nonparametric Regression Problem
Authors: Katsuyuki Hagiwara
Venue: Advances in Neuro-Information Processing: 15th International Conference, ICONIP 2008, Auckland, New Zealand, November 25-28, 2008, Revised Selected Papers, Part II (2009)

In this article, we proposed training methods for improving the generalization capability of a learning machine that is defined by a weighted sum of many fixed basis functions and is used as a nonparametric regression method. In the basis of the proposed methods, vectors of basis function outputs are orthogonalized and coefficients of the orthogonal vectors are estimated instead of weights. The coefficients are set to zero if those are less than predetermined threshold levels which are theoretically reasonable under the assumption of Gaussian noise. We then obtain a resulting weight vector by transforming the thresholded coefficients. When we apply an eigen-decomposition based orthogonalization procedure, it yields shrinkage estimators of weights. If we employ the Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization scheme, it produces a sparse representation of a target function in terms of basis functions. A simple numerical experiment showed the validity of the proposed methods by comparing with other alternative methods including the leave-one-out cross validation.
Position Error Inspection for Mounting Wafer in Cleaning Device Using the Radial Shape Board
Authors: Jung Woo Lee, Byung-Gook Lee, Joon-Jea Lee, Jungho Yoon
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Second International Conference in Visualisation (2009)

In this paper, we propose a wafer position error recognition system using computer vision technology and radial shape board. Wafer is one of the material when create the semiconductor. Wafer must be cleaned by the chemical during creating the semiconductor process .In this step, the robot moves wafer into the cleaning system. But sometime, the robot puts the wafer into an incorrect location. In this case, the trouble of cleaning system may be caused by the incorrect position, even the wafer can be broken. To prevent this case, we are going to find the wafer position in cleaning system using the computer vision technology. We perform the calibration and image processing for knowing the correct position of wafer. In calibration process, we are going to use the radial shape board.