ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Low-power DV encoder architecture for digital CMOS camcorder
Authors: J. Y. F. Hsieh
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1999. on 1999 IEEE International Conference - Volume 04 (1999)

A low-power, large-scale parallel digital video (DV) [1] encoder architecture for a single-chip digital CMOS video camera is discussed in this paper. This architecture is based on the single chip CMOS camera MPEG-2 encoder architecture proposed in [2] with an emphasis on formatting and streaming of the compressed data. The architecture proposed here supports the 625/25 format of 720/spl times/576 pixels per frame. When clocked at 40 MHz, this architecture delivers a processing performance of 1.8 billion operations per second (BOPS) capable of supporting a frame rate of 25 fps as well as additional image enhancement processing. Low power consumption is achieved by the use of a parallel architecture and low-power circuit design techniques. When implemented in a 0.2 micron CMOS technology at a 1.5 V supply voltage, the parallel architecture consumes 45 mW providing a power efficiency of 40 billion operations per second per Watt.
Managing Complexity of Automotive Electronics Using the EAST-ADL
Authors: Philippe Cuenot, DeJiu Chen, Sebastien Gerard, Henrik Lonn, Mark-Oliver Reiser, David Servat, Carl-Johan Sjostedt, Ramin Tavakoli Kolagari, Martin Torngren, Matthias Weber
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th IEEE International Conference on Engineering Complex Computer Systems (2007)

The complexity of embedded automotive systems calls for a more rigorous approach to system development compared to current state of practice. A critical issue is the management of the engineering information that defines the embedded system. Development time, cost efficiency, quality and dependability all benefit from appropriate information management. System modeling based on an architecture description language is a way to keep the engineering information within one information structure. The EAST-ADL was developed in the EAST-EEA project (www.easteea. net) and is an architecture description language for automotive embedded systems. It is currently refined in the ATESST project (www.atesst.org). This paper gives an overview of the EAST-ADL and accounts for some recent refinements as developed in the ATESST project. Areas covered include the relation to other standardization initiatives such as UML2.0, AADL, AUTOSAR, SysML, Marte profile, requirements management and variability.
Execution replay for intrusion analysis
Authors: Peter M. Chen
Venue:  (2006)

Computer intrusions are inevitable. When an intrusion happens, forensic analysis is critical to understanding the attack. An administrator needs to determine how the attacker broke in, what he changed, and what privileged information he may have seen. Unfortunately, current security logging systems are incomplete, leaving large gaps in the knowledge of what happened. Execution replay is a practical way to add completeness to forensic logging. To show this, we describe ReVirt, a virtual machine execution replay system capable of security-grade logging. ReVirt can reconstruct the entire past state of the system at any point in time, including memory and disk, and can re-execute. This enables security tools that use ReVirt to gather arbitrarily detailed information about the system before, during, and after an attack. ReVirt adds 0-12% runtime overhead during logging. A single 100 GB disk can log continuously from weeks to years. We also describe SMP-ReVirt, an execution replay system that can log and replay multiprocessor virtual machines. Races between the processors are detected using a concurrent-read, exclusive-write (CREW) protocol enforced with hardware page protections transparently to the virtual machine. This is the first execution replay system to log and replay a multiprocessor kernel outside of simulation. Performance depends heavily on the sharing rate of the workload. Some parallel applications run with overhead around 1%, while some run an order of magnitude slower with the logging enabled. Logging rates depend upon sharing rates. A 300GB disk can log workloads with low sharing rates for several years, and can even log workloads with very high sharing rates for several days.
Jacl: a Tcl implementation in java
Authors: Ioi K. Lam, Brian Smith
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th conference on Annual Tcl/Tk Workshop 1997 - Volume 5 (1997)

Jacl, Java Command Language, is a version of the Tcl [1] scripting language for the Java [2] environment. Jacl is designed to be a universal scripting language for Java: the Jacl interpreter is written completely in Java and can run on any Java Virtual Machine. Jacl can be used to create Web content or to control Java applications. This paper explains the need for Jacl as a scripting language for Java and discusses the implications of Jacl for both the Java and Tcl programming communities. It then describes how to use Jacl. It also explains the implementation of the Jacl interpreter and how to write Tcl extensions in Java.
Unified frame and segment based models for automatic speech recognition
Authors: Hsiao-Wuen Hon
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 02 (2000)

In this paper, we propose an analytically tractable framework that integrates the frame and segment based acoustic modeling techniques. We combine the two approaches by jointly modeling their respective hidden Markov processes. Since the joint process is based on the same mathematical framework, conventional search and training techniques, such as Viterbi and EM algorithms, can be directly applied. It also allows the score from either model to contribute to the training and decoding of the other, reaching a jointly optimal decision. We conducted two series of experiments to verify our hypotheses. In the phone-pair classification experiments, our segment models show a 24% error reduction over state-of-the-art HMM-based system. The superior quality of segment models contributes to an 8.2% reduction in word error rates for the unified system on the WSJ dictation task.
Optical burst switching reservation process modeling and analysis
Authors: D. Q. Liu, M. T. Liu
Venue: Proceedings of the The 8th International Conference on Communication Systems - Volume 02 (2002)

Optical burst switching (OBS) supports IP-over-photonics for future QoS-supporting Internet through combining advantages of electronic control processing and optical transmission. The resource reservation is critical for OBS. In this paper we examine optical burst switching (OBS) reservation process and discuss the most important parameters and their impact on the performance of the reservation process. A general framework for its modeling and analysis is presented. We model OBS reservation using queueing networks. Our framework and model cover all aspects of OBS reservation process including control packet arrival, offset time assignment. control packet processing, optical switch matrix setup, data burst arrival and transmission. Current models and analysis only consider offset time assignment and data burst arrival and transmission its OBS reservation. Further we show that even though widely assumed and used, conservation law does not hold generally for average burst loss probability for reservation processes which support multiple priority classes.
Internet as a multiple graph structure: The role of the transport layer
Authors: Jan A. Audestad
Venue: Information Security Tech. Report (2007)

This paper discusses how the transport layer (TCP/UDP/SCTP) divides the Internet into a vertical structure consisting of three domains: IP network domain, terminal equipment domain, and applications domain. This subdivision of the Internet has wide consequences both in the way in which business is carried out on the network and with regard to the vulnerability of society caused by the openness of the network. The Internet may also be modelled as a multiple graph structure. The domains may be viewed as independent entities allowing the different aspects of the Internet to be analysed as single graphs within each domain. Furthermore, the vulnerability of society may also be represented as a multiple graph structure where one of the components is a graph instance in the application domain of Internet representing the problem under study. Information security may then be studied at two levels: the vulnerability of the IP network itself and the vulnerability of the distributed processing taking place in the application domain.
Designing a Security Policy According to BS 7799 Using the OCTAVE Methodology
Authors: Januszkiewicz Paulina, Pyka Marek
Venue: Proceedings of the The Second International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security (2007)

In the article, authors conduct a discussion concerning a methodology that improves the decisionmaking process for the issues of information protection and management within a company. Authors describe the OCTAVE methodology (The Operationally Critical Threat, Asset, and Vulnerability Evaluation), including examples and refer to many legal regulations. Usage of OCTAVE in the process of creating a security policy is being subject to analysis. The article aims at presenting a methodology, which is successfully used in Western-European countries and proving that it can be adapted for implementations in other countries, fitting well into the policies of various institutions. The authors wish to bring closer the guidelines for creating a security policy and deploying security measures within institutions.
An Integrated Approach to Quality Modelling
Authors: Stefan Wagner, Florian Deissenboeck
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Software Quality (2007)

Software quality is described by various views using different attributes and models. All these types of software quality have their own benefits and applications. However, the isolated solutions do not allow an integrated view on software quality. This renders a comprehensive analysis of software difficult and causes overlaps and inconsistencies in the models. Therefore, this paper proposes an integrated approach to quality modelling. The approach is based on the idea to use an explicit meta-model that provides the means to develop a base quality model. This base model contains the relevant relationships w.r.t. quality. Furthermore, so-called purpose models are derived by quantifying from this basis in order to aid specific tasks in quality management. The approach is illustrated with a proven example of a meta-model and derived quality model for maintain-ability.
Analysis of Policy and Standards for Joint C4ISR Network Technologies
Authors: Marion G. Ceruti, LorRaine Duffy, Y. Meriah Arias-Thode
Venue: Proceedings of the Eighth IEEE International Workshop on Policies for Distributed Systems and Networks (2007)

The focus of this poster is on an analysis of the relationships between U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) networks and policy, including policy about technology acquisition and usage. Policy affects technology research, development, test, evaluation, transition and refresh. Specific network-related technology areas support military command, control, and communications (C3). Some of these technologies are described with a view toward assessing the status of policy in specific areas. The relationship between policy and network technology is explored with questions such as, "What is policy doing for technology and vice versa?" and "How should we set policy priorities?"
Blind separation of convolutive mixtures using second and fourth order moments
Authors: S. Icart
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 05 (1996)

This paper deals with the problem of blind identification of p-non Gaussian inputs, q-outputs AR systems in the special case where p
Metamorphosis: freshman to successful student
Authors: J. G. Ladesic, C. A. McClellan
Venue: Proceedings of the Frontiers in Education Conference on 1995. Proceedings., 1995 vol 1. - Volume 01 (1995)

A majority of incoming freshmen are ill-equipped for the level of academic achievement expected of them by college faculty. A philosophy is forming among the faculty involved in AE101 that the first semester of the freshman year should be dedicated, in a focused and orchestrated way across all freshmen courses, to teaching freshmen first how to be successful students, with the remainder of their college program concentrated on their education and the development of a lifetime of learning. AE101, a course originally intended to introduce freshmen Aerospace Engineering students to topics of their program and to elements of their chosen profession has evolved into an ensemble of activities, actions, plans and intrusive interventions into the college freshmen's life. Attempts to help entering freshmen adjust to college life have uncovered some surprising insights into multifarious problems today's freshmen often encounter: They have produced a preliminary diagnosis of a major problem many of the students have, and have had unexpected byproducts in synthesizing teaching effectiveness discussions across previous departmental barriers and in reducing parochial interests. The net effect has faculty pro-actively working as a team to find new solutions to an old problem: changing freshmen into successful students. The scope of this introductory course has changed in many aspects, from introducing fundamental topics to dealing with the deaths of loved ones in the students' lives, from classical college lectures to group discussions of personal problems and from taking class attendance to physically tracking down absent students in order to determine the causes of their absence. Involvement in the program has increased faculty awareness of a host of previously unrecognized obstacles in the freshman year; and hopefully started faculty on the track to getting freshmen past them and on to academic success.
Hardware competitions in engineering education
Authors: R. Manseur
Venue: Proceedings of the 30th Annual Frontiers in Education - Volume 02 (2000)

Hardware competitions such as robotics events are becoming a common occurrence in many engineering schools and technical conferences. In many instances they provide an opportunity for students to demonstrate and compare different design approaches, interact with other students with different backgrounds, and learn from each other. Design problems associated with competitions are often challenging open ended problems that support various solutions in terms of hardware and software choices, strategies, cost, and effectiveness. Competitions have a great motivational effect and generate interest from students and from the public at large. The article discusses the relevance of hardware competitions to engineering education.
The effects of proxy bidding and minimum bid increments within eBay auctions
Authors: Alex Rogers, Esther David, Nicholas R. Jennings, Jeremy Schiff
Venue: ACM Transactions on the Web (TWEB) (2007)

We present a mathematical model of the eBay auction protocol and perform a detailed analysis of the effects that the eBay proxy bidding system and the minimum bid increment have on the auction properties. We first consider the revenue of the auction, and we show analytically that when two bidders with independent private valuations use the eBay proxy bidding system there exists an optimal value for the minimum bid increment at which the auctioneer's revenue is maximized. We then consider the sequential way in which bids are placed within the auction, and we show analytically that independent of assumptions regarding the bidders' valuation distribution or bidding strategy the number of visible bids placed is related to the logarithm of the number of potential bidders. Thus, in many cases, it is only a minority of the potential bidders that are able to submit bids and are visible in the auction bid history (despite the fact that the other hidden bidders are still effectively competing for the item). Furthermore, we show through simulation that the minimum bid increment also introduces an inefficiency to the auction, whereby a bidder who enters the auction late may find that its valuation is insufficient to allow them to advance the current bid by the minimum bid increment despite them actually having the highest valuation for the item. Finally, we use these results to consider appropriate strategies for bidders within real world eBay auctions. We show that while last-minute bidding (sniping) is an effective strategy against bidders engaging in incremental bidding (and against those with common values), in general, delaying bidding is disadvantageous even if delayed bids are sure to be received before the auction closes. Thus, when several bidders submit last-minute bids, we show that rather than seeking to bid as late as possible, a bidder should try to be the first sniper to bid (i.e., it should &ldquo;snipe before the snipers&rdquo;).
The Interoperability and Shared Management Information Model
Authors: Zhipeng Gao, Luoming Meng, Xuesong Qiu, Xiaocui Fu
Venue: Proceedings of the First Asia International Conference on Modelling & Simulation (2007)

The interoperability problem of different operational support systems (OSS) is analyzed and the problem is divided into two parts: system-level interoperability and model-level interoperability problems. This paper presents an ontology-based model: Shared Management Information Model, which is noted as SMIM, to solve the model-level interoperability problem. Then an improved similarity-based ontology mapping method is given to realize the one-more concept mapping. The similarity-based ontology mapping method divides the mapping process into five steps: ontology acquisition, ontology formalization, concept similarity estimation, ontology mapping, and result presentation. At last, a SMIM-based prototype system is introduced to show how system works with the help of SMIM mapping.
IP Based Transport Abstraction for Middleware Technologies
Authors: Toni Reichelt, Norbert Oswald, Andre Windisch, Stefan Forster, Herwig Moser
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Networking and Services (2007)

Using middleware technologies in modern distributed embedded environments, one is often faced with connecting incompatible transport media to the communication stack, especially in the military domain. In case of CORBA, natively unsupported media can be plugged in via ESIOP, integrating it into the middleware. This approach tightly couples media to middleware and tends to be unportable between middleware technologies. In contrast, this paper suggests transport abstraction by providing IPv6 adapters for each medium, exploiting the predominance of IP support in middleware and existing adapters. Apart from the flexibility gained compared to transport integration, the proof-of-concept implementations of both approaches, based on CORBA and CAN, show an up to a tenfold improvement in invocation time over integration. Transport abstraction not only reduces the problem to adapting media to IPv6, but also allows transport media independent substitution of middleware and vice versa.
Parallel-cascade realizations and approximations of truncated Volterra systems
Authors: T. M. Panicker
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 03 (1996)

This paper introduces parallel-cascade realizations of truncated Volterra systems with arbitrary, but finite order of nonlinearity. Parallel-cascade realizations implement higher-order Volterra systems using parallel and multiplicative combinations of lower-order Volterra systems. Such realizations are very modular and therefore well-suited for VLSI implementation. A systematic way of approximating higher-order Volterra systems in parallel-cascade form using a reduced number of branches and a bound on the mean-square error in the output signals caused by such approximate realizations are derived. A variation of the parallel-cascade structure in which a pth order Volterra filter is implemented as a parallel combination of linear filters whose outputs are raised to the pth power is also described.
A discontinuous Galerkin method on refined meshes for the two-dimensional time-harmonic Maxwell equations in composite materials
Authors: Stephanie Lohrengel, Serge Nicaise
Venue: Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics (2007)

In this paper, a discontinuous Galerkin method for the two-dimensional time-harmonic Maxwell equations in composite materials is presented. The divergence constraint is taken into account by a regularized variational formulation and the tangential and normal jumps of the discrete solution at the element interfaces are penalized. Due to an appropriate mesh refinement near exterior and interior corners, the singular behaviour of the electromagnetic field is taken into account. Optimal error estimates in a discrete energy norm and in the L^2-norm are proved in the case where the exact solution is singular.
Blind wave separation using vector-sensors
Authors: N. Le Bihan
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 04 (2000)

The problem of separation of instantaneous mixtures of narrowband signals impinging on sensors often arises in signal processing. In geophysics, the aims of signal processing are the separation and the identification of waves or sources to get a better understanding of the onshore. For a couple of years, multicomponent sensors are used in acquisition and allow one access to a physical property: the polarization. This paper shows that, taking the advantages from the multicomponent sensors, it is possible to have complete wavefield separation without a priori information. We propose to perform the estimation of wave's polarization using an algorithm derived from the Jointly Approximated Diagonalization of Eigen-elements (JADE) technique, which is based on the properties of the 4th order cumulants. From a real seismic acquisition, we present results where Rayleigh wave separation is performed. We also present the analysis of physical properties of the surface waves.
Performance of a Policy-Based Management System in IPv6 Networks Using COPS-PR
Authors: Alex Vallejo, Agustin Zaballos, Jaume Abella, Josep M. Selga, Carles Duz
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Networking (2007)

To guarantee the correct QoS, the new generation core networks are best managed by the use of a centralized server. Most of these networks use DiffServ due to its scalability, an important feature for large networks. A Bandwidth Broker architecture is a policy-based management system which purpose is to manage DiffServ networks in a centralized manner performing admission control and policy deliveries to network nodes. This paper presents the implementation of a bandwidth broker architecture for the management of QoS in DiffServ dual networks (IPv4/IPv6). This implementation, which has been programmed in JAVA, uses COPS-PR as an intra-domain communication protocol and manages the policies based on SLA/SLS preconfigured by the administrator. The performance of the proposed architecture has been tested by implementing a real IPv6 DiffServ domain testbed controlled by the developed Bandwidth Broker. The results of these tests and the corresponding conclusions are also presented.