ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
The interaction of cognitive style and learning environment on student performance, course satisfaction, and attitude toward computers
Authors: Hua Tang
Venue:  (2003)

This dissertation study investigated the relationship between students' cognitive styles and learning environments and its impact on students' performance, course satisfaction and attitudes toward computers. It was hypothesized that field-independent students would perform better on posttest measures than field-dependent students in the computer lab and science center environments while using a computer-based learning system. It was also hypothesized that field-independent students would have more positive attitudes toward computers and would have higher scores in course satisfaction than field dependent students in the same technology-related learning environments. It was hypothesized that there would be no difference in the students' performance, attitudes toward computers, and course satisfaction in the classroom environment between field-independent and field dependent students. The participants were 174 high school 9th and 10 th grade students from the Orlando area. Participants were assigned to one of three experiment groups: classroom, computer lab, or the Orlando Science Center. Before the experiment, students were asked to take a computer attitude survey and statistics pretest. Students took the same survey and test again together with a course satisfaction survey, after the experiment. Data analysis consisted of 2 x 3 x 3 analysis of covariance to examine the main effects and interactions between field dependency, learning environments, and students' performance; also, the main effects and interactions between field dependency, learning environment and students' attitudes toward computers were examined. A multivariate statistical analysis was employed to examine the relationship between field dependency, learning environment, and student course satisfaction. Data analysis revealed no difference in the students' performance in relation to their cognitive styles and learning environment. There was, however, a significant difference in the students' performance between the classroom and the technology related learning environments regardless of students' cognitive styles. The study found no difference in students' attitudes toward computers in relation to their cognitive styles and learning environment. A multivariate statistical analysis found a significant difference in students' course satisfaction between the traditional classroom environment and the technology-based learning environment. However, the study found no significant difference in students' attitudes toward course satisfaction in relation to cognitive styles and different learning environments.
Multimedia streaming in large-scale sensor networks with mobile swarms
Authors: Mario Gerla, Kaixin Xu
Venue: ACM SIGMOD Record (2003)

Sensor networking technologies have developed very rapidly in the last ten years. In many situations, high quality multimedia streams may be required for providing detailed information of the hot spots in a large scale network. With the limited capabilities of sensor node and sensor network, it is very difficult to support multimedia streams in current sensor network structure. In this paper, we propose to enhance the sensor network by deploying limited number of mobile "swarms". The swarm nodes have much higher capabilities than the sensor nodes in terms of both hardware functionalities and networking capabilities. The mobile swarms can be directed to the hot spots in the sensor network to provide detailed information of the intended area. With the help of mobile swarms, high quality of multimedia streams can be supported in the large scale sensor network without too much cost. The wireless backbone network for connecting different swarms and the routing schemes for supporting such a unified architecture is also discussed and verified via simulations.
A TCAM-based IP Lookup Scheme for Multi-Nexthop Routing
Authors: Zhiyong Liang, Jianping Wu, Ke Xu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 International Conference on Computer Networks and Mobile Computing (2003)

TCAM is a popular device for fast routing lookups. TCAM can achieve 0(1) lookup complexity with parallel technique. However, TCAM has three explicit disadvantages: high cost, high power consumption and complex update. For load balancing and policy routing, routers have to hold considerable multi-nexthop routes with multi paths for a destination network. This paper proposes a fast TCAM-based lookup scheme that can support multi-nexthop routing lookups. Using two level index tables, the scheme can store and retrieve multi-nexthop routes quickly. To improve update performance of TCAM, we also propose a fast update algorithm--N-subspace algorithm that can approximately reach 0(1) update complexity for TCAM routing tables. To decrease cost and power consumption of TCAM, we also apply an effective routing compaction method that is based on the trie structure and can reduce 20% routes for current Internet routing tables. Also, the scheme can easily scale to IPv6.
Security-Critical System Development with Extended Use Cases
Authors: G. Popp, J. Jürjens, G. Wimmel, R. Breu
Venue: Proceedings of the Tenth Asia-Pacific Software Engineering Conference Software Engineering Conference (2003)

Due to increasing interconnection, IT systems are confrontedwith more and more attacks. To address this problem,we have to consider security requirements from the beginningof the system development. In early phases of systemdevelopment, it is common to use a hybrid system viewwhich is based on an object oriented modeling of the applicationcore and the specification of use cases. In thispaper, we present an extension of this process for security-criticalsystems. We show a methodical approach for thedevelopment of security-critical systems and the modelingof security aspects in the application core with an extensionof the Unified Modeling Language for secure systems development,UMLsec. Furthermore, we introduce security usecases for the development of security aspects in conjunctionwith behavioral modeling.
Screen: bodily interaction with text in immersive VR
Authors: Joshua J Carroll, Robert Coover, Shawn Greenlee, Andrew McClain, Noah Wardrip-Fruin
Venue: ACM SIGGRAPH 2003 Sketches Applications (2003)

Bodily interaction with text creates new reading experiences by involving the body of the reader. This has been explored in video installation art, but without immersive 3D. Using a virtual reality environment (the Brown University Cave) we are able to make the bodily experience more direct. In our initial piece, Screen, the reader produces three different textual experiences from the same body of text, two of which differ significantly based on how her body is employed to "play" the piece.
Creating personalized documents: an optimization approach
Authors: Lisa Purvis, Steven Harrington, Barry O'Sullivan, Eugene C. Freuder
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 ACM symposium on Document engineering (2003)

The digital networked world is enabling and requiring a new emphasis on personalized document creation. The new, more dynamic digital environment demands tools that can reproduce both the contents and the layout automatically, tailored to personal needs and transformed for the presentation device, and can enable novices to easily create such documents. In order to achieve such automated document assembly and transformation, we have formalized custom document creation as a multiobjective optimization problem, and use a genetic algorithm to assemble and transform compound personalized documents. While we have found that such an automated process for document creation opens new possibilities and new workflows, we have also found several areas where further research would enable the approach to be more broadly and practically applied. This paper reviews the current system and outlines several areas where future research will broaden its current capabilities.
Adaptation in Statistical Pattern Recognition Using Tangent Vectors
Authors: Daniel Keysers, Wolfgang Macherey, Hermann Ney, Jörg Dahmen
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (2004)

Abstract--We integrate the tangent method into a statistical framework for classification analytically and practically. The resulting consistent framework for adaptation allows us to efficiently estimate the tangent vectors representing the variability. The framework improves classification results on two real-world pattern recognition tasks from the domains handwritten character recognition and automatic speech recognition.
Meshless finite element analysis: A fallacy or reality?
Authors: Louis Komzsik
Venue: Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing (1998)

In the late 1980s someone in the CAD software arena coined the phrase in the main title. A decade passed by and the appealing idea is still not realized. Is it ever going to be or is there an inherent fallacy in the idea? The following is the author's position on the subject, admittedly biased by a structural engineering background.
On the geographic distribution of on-line game servers and players
Authors: Wu-chang Feng, Wu-chi Feng
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd workshop on Network and system support for games (2003)

With a shift in the on-line gaming landscape from individually hosted game servers, to gaming services centrally hosted by game publishers, game console manufacturers, and third-party infrastructure providers, it is becoming increasingly important to understand the geographic distribution of current game servers and players. Much like content-distribution networks are key in improving user web experience, game server placement is key in improving game player experience. This paper explores the current geographic distribution of a global set of servers for several popular on-line games as well as the geographic distribution of a set of players for a particular on-line game server. Our results quantify the breakup of current game servers across continents and show, quite suprisingly, that players do not necessarily migrate to servers that are geographically close.
A Use Case-Oriented User Interface Framework
Authors: Eliezer Kantorowitz, Alexander Lyakas, Artur Myasqobsky
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Software-Science, Technology & Engineering (2003)

Interactive computer applications are sometimes specified by their use cases. These specifications are often formulated in a natural language to enable domain experts, thatare not familiar with formal notations, to validate their usefulness. A use case-oriented application framework facilitates manual translation of the natural language specifications into high level code, whose equivalence with the specifications is easy to establish. The purpose is to reduce the costs of both verification and coding. A previous frameworkof this kind achieved its high level by providing most of thegraphical user interface (GUI) code. However, the automatically produced GUI was not always satisfactory. This studyreports on advances achieved by more intelligent user interface construction framework. The study introduces a new kind of user interface component, called use case displayer,that enables an almost automatic generation of the user interface of the entire application. The framework was tested in a student laboratory, where it reduced the implementation effort, leaving most of the time (10 of the 15 availableweeks) for requirements elicitation, specification development and validation. As expected, the designs produced hada higher level of usability than found in comparable studentlaboratories. At this stage the framework is useful for student laboratories. More research is required to assess its suitability for industrial use.
CIGMA: aCtive Inventory service in Global e-MArket based on efficient catalog management
Authors: Su Myeon Kim, Kyungmin Cho, Inseok Hwang, Seungwoo Kang, Heung-Kyu Lee, Junehwa Song
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 ACM symposium on Applied computing (2003)

A fully Internet-connected business evironment is subject to frequent changes. To ordinary customers, online shopping under such a dynamic environment can be frustrating. We propose a new E-commerce service called the CIGMA to support online customers under such an environment. The CIGMA provides catalog comparison and purchase mediation services over multiple shopping sites for ordinary online customers. The service is based on up-to-date information by reflecting the frequent changes in catalog information in real-time. It also matches the desire of online customers for fast response. This paper describes the CIGMA along with an overview of its catalog management schemes.
System synthesis using behavioural descriptions
Authors: Heinrich Krämer, Wolfgang Rosenstiel
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on European design automation (1990)

In this paper we present an architectural synthesis system. The system is able to generate multiprocessor architectures from behavioural descriptions. It combines the flexibility of so called high level synthesis systems with the higher throughput rates of DSP synthesis systems.After a short introduction into the CADDY system the impacts of mutual exclusion are briefly discussed. Then a new scheduling algorithm based on delay prediction and a new allocation algorithm based on a graph colouring approach are presented, that take data dependencies in the register assignment into account.
A multistrategy approach to improving pronunciation by analogy
Authors: Yannick Marchand, Robert I. Damper
Venue: Computational Linguistics (2000)

Pronunciation by analogy (PbA) is a data-driven method for relating letters to sound, with potential application to next-generation text-to-speech systems. This paper extends previous work on PbA in several directions. First, we have included "full" pattern matching between input letter string and dictionary entries, as well as including lexical stress in letter-to-phoneme conversion. Second, we have extended the method to phoneme-to-letter conversion. Third, and most important, we have experimented with multiple, different strategies for scoring the candidate pronunciations. Individual scores for each strategy are obtained on the basis of rank and either multiplied or summed to produce a final, overall score. Five strategies have been studied and results obtained from all 31 possible combinations. The two combination methods perform comparably, with the product rule only very marginally superior to the sum rule. Nonparametric statistical analysis reveals that performance improves as more strategies are included in the combination: this trend is very highly significant (p &laquo; 0.0005). Accordingly for letter-to-phoneme conversion, best results are obtained when all five strategies are combined: word accuracy is raised to 65.5% relative to 61.7% for our best previous result and 63.0% for the best-performing single strategy. These improvements are very highly significant (p ~ 0 and p = 0.00011 respectively). Similar results were found for phoneme-to-letter and letter-to-stress conversion, although the former was an easier problem for PbA than letter-to-phoneme conversion and the latter was harder. The main sources of error for the multistrategy approach are very similar to those for the best single strategy, and mostly involve vowel letters and phonemes.
Instant group communication with QuickML
Authors: Toshiyuki Masui, Satoru Takabayashi
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 international ACM SIGGROUP conference on Supporting group work (2003)

A number of people are exchanging e-mail messages everyday using mobile phones and PDAs. as well as PCs. E-mail is useful not only for one to-one communication but group communication through mailing lists. However, conventional mailing lists are not as widely used as they should be, because creating and maintaining a mailing list is not an easy task. We propose a simple and powerful mailing list service system called QuickML, with which people can easily create a mailing list and control the member account only by sending e-mail messages. QuickML allows people to enjoy group communication at any place, at any time, and by anyone.
Mobile Distributed Information Retrieval for Highly-Partitioned Networks
Authors: Katrina M. Hanna, Brian Neil Levine, R. Manmatha
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th IEEE International Conference on Network Protocols (2003)

We propose and evaluate a mobile, peer-to-peer Information Retrieval system. Such a system can, for example, support medical care in a disaster by allowing access to a large collectionsof medical literature. In our system, documents in a collection are replicated in an overlapping manner at mobile peers. This provides resilience in the face of node failures, malicious attacks, and network partitions. We show that our design manages the randomness of node mobility. Although nodes contact only direct neighbors (who change frequently) and do notuse any ad hoc routing, the system maintains good IR performance. This makes our design applicable to mobility situations where routing partitions are common. Our evaluation shows that our scheme provides signi.cant savings in network costs, and increased access to information over ad-hoc routing-based approaches; nodes in our system require only a modest amount of additional storage on average.
Using Bayesian Networks as an Inference Engine in KAMET
Authors: Osvaldo Cairó, Rafael Peñaloza
Venue: Proceedings of the XXIII International Conference of the Chilean Computer Science Society (2003)

During the past decades, many methods have been developedfor the creation of Knowledge-Based Systems (KBS).For these methods, probabilistic networks have shown to bean important tool to work with probability-measured uncertainty.However, quality of probabilistic networks dependson a correct knowledge acquisition and modelation.KAMET is a model-based methodology designed tomanage knowledge acquisition from multiple knowledgesources that leads to a graphical model thatrepresents causal relations. Up to now, all inference methodsdeveloped for these models are rule-based, andtherefore eliminate most of the probabilistic information.We present a way to combine the benefits of Bayesiannetworks and KAMET, and reduce their problems. Toachieve this, we show a transformation that generates directedacyclic graphs, the basic structure of Bayesian networks, and conditional probability tables, from KAMET models. Thus, inference methods for probabilistic networksmay be used in KAMET models.
Using Intelligent Agents to Repurpose Administrative Data in Fostering Disease Prevention in an Outpatient Context: The Case of Pneumococcal Vaccination
Authors: Carla Coffin, Chad Saunders, Chandra Thomas, Andrea Loewen, Norman Campbell, William Ghali
Venue: Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 37th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'04) - Track 6 - Volume 6 (2004)

The use of intelligent agents is proposed as an economical way to repurpose administrative data in order to foster a program of disease prevention in an outpatient context. A retrospective computerized search was conducted using administrative hospital discharge data to identify patients admitted to a medical teaching unit who met the Canadian Immunization criteria for pneumococcal vaccination over a one-year period.For identification of persons eligible for pneumococcal vaccination, administrative discharge data was shown to have a sensitivity of 83%, (confidence interval [CI] 0.73-0.92) and a specificity of 78% CI (0.64-0.91), with a positive predictive value [PPV] of 87%, CI (0.83- 0.90) and a negative predictive value [NPV] of 72%, CI (0.58-0.86).This study demonstrates that administrative data appear promising as the basis for certain clinical applications. Specifically, the reasonably high specificity and sensitivity of diagnostic codes in administrative data could be utilized to trigger appropriate pneumococcal vaccination after hospital discharge among eligible patients who might otherwise never receive this efficacious intervention. Reminder systems in a hospital setting have received mixed results although positive results have been shown in several outpatient settings but using clinical data. Therefore, before a reminder system using administrative data in an outpatient context isimplemented it seemed prudent to investigate this issue further.
Learning to be selective in genetic-algorithm-based design optimization
Authors: Khaled Rasheed, Haym Hirsh
Venue: Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing (1999)

In this paper we describe a method for improving genetic-algorithm-based optimization using search control. The idea is to utilize the sequence of points explored during a search to guide further exploration. The proposed method is particularly suitable for continuous spaces with expensive evaluation functions, such as arise in engineering design. Empirical results in several engineering design domains demonstrate that the proposed method can significantly improve the efficiency and reliability of the GA optimizer.
Asymptotic Enumeration of Graphs with a Given Upper Bound on the Maximum Degree
Authors: Brendan D. McKay, Ian M. Wanless, Nicholas C. Wormald
Venue: Combinatorics, Probability and Computing (2002)

Consider the class of graphs on n vertices which have maximum degree at most 1&#x002F;2n&minus;1+&tau;, where &tau; &#x2265; &minus;n1&#x002F;2+&epsi; for sufficiently small &epsi; > 0. We find an asymptotic formula for the number of such graphs and show that their number of edges has a normal distribution whose parameters we determine. We also show that expectations of random variables on the degree sequences of such graphs can often be estimated using a model based on truncated binomial distributions.
Improving the usability of Eclipse for novice programmers
Authors: Margaret-Anne Storey, Daniela Damian, Jeff Michaud, Del Myers, Marcellus Mindel, Daniel German, Mary Sanseverino, Elizabeth Hargreaves
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 OOPSLA workshop on eclipse technology eXchange (2003)

This paper describes how we are designing a set of plug-ins to improve teaching and learning of Java programming. Based on requirements gathered from key project stakeholders, the plug-ins include perspectives for both students and instructors. These plug-ins are being developed as part of the Gild project. The paper summarizes our design process from requirements gathering through to initial tool evaluation. In particular, it details the student perspective and describes how it addresses many pedagogical issues facing computer science educators today. Gild is currently deployed and in use at the University of Victoria.