ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
A Contextualised Model for Accessible E-Learning in Higher Education: Understanding the Students' Perspective
Authors: Jane Seale
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Part III: Applications and Services (2009)

In this paper a contextualised model of accessible e-learning practice in higher education is proposed that takes into account three key factors: all the stakeholders of accessibility within a higher education institution; the context in which these stakeholders have to operate: drivers and mediators and how the relationship between the stakeholders and the context influences the responses they make and the accessible e-learning practices that develop. In order to demonstrate the value of the contextualised model in terms of encouraging us to think about the different accessibility stakeholders and the contexts in which they are operating, an illustrative example of one of the identified stakeholders: disabled students will be provided. Data from a recent UK focused study called LEXDIS will be used to provide this illustration and evaluate the usefulness of attending to both context and mediators when thinking about designing for and promoting accessibility within universities.
A deployed semantically-enabled interdisciplinary virtual observatory
Authors: Deborah McGuinness, Peter Fox, Luca Cinquini, Patrick West, Jose Garcia, James L. Benedict, Don Middleton
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 2 (2007)

We have used semantic technologies to design, implement, and deploy an interdisciplinary virtual observatory. The Virtual Solar-Terrestrial Observatory is a production data framework providing access to observational datasets. It is in use by a community of scientists, students, and data providers interested in the middle and upper Earth's atmosphere, and the Sun. The data sets span upper atmospheric terrestrial physics to solar physics. The observatory allows virtual access to a highly distributed and heterogeneous set of data that appears as if all resources are organized, stored and accessible from a local machine. The system has been operational since the summer of 2006 and has shown registered data access by over 75% of the active community (last count over 600 of the estimated 800 person active research community). This demonstration will highlight how semantic technologies are being used to support data integration and more efficient data access in a multi-disciplinary setting. A full paper on this work is being published in the IAAI 07 'deployed' paper track.
Part-of-speech tagging for English-Spanish code-switched text
Authors: Thamar Solorio, Yang Liu
Venue: Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (2008)

Code-switching is an interesting linguistic phenomenon commonly observed in highly bilingual communities. It consists of mixing languages in the same conversational event. This paper presents results on Part-of-Speech tagging Spanish-English code-switched discourse. We explore different approaches to exploit existing resources for both languages that range from simple heuristics, to language identification, to machine learning. The best results are achieved by training a machine learning algorithm with features that combine the output of an English and a Spanish Part-of-Speech tagger.
Vehicle Types Recognition Based on Neural Network
Authors: Xin-bo Zhang, Li Jiang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Natural Computing - Volume 01 (2009)

As a key technology of intelligent transportation system, higher identification accuracy, robustness and real-time are needed in vehicle recognition. Therefore, in view of the features of vehicle types, this paper proposes a BP neural network car types classifier method based on fuzzy C-means clustering. First, on the basis of the pretreatment of the images of the vehicle, we abstract the features of car types from images and classify the massive data by fuzzy C- means clustering algorithm. Then, design the BP neural networks to train and test the classified data. Finally it is carried on compressive judgment by the computer. Experiments prove the validity of the classifier. It can recognize the highway vehicle types rapidly.
Stability of a Distributed Generation Network Using the Kuramoto Models
Authors: Vincenzo Fioriti, Silvia Ruzzante, Elisa Castorini, Elena Marchei, Vittorio Rosato
Venue: Critical Information Infrastructure Security: Third International Workshop, CRITIS 2008, Rome, Italy, October13-15, 2008. Revised Papers (2009)

We derive a Kuramoto-like equation from the Cardell-Ilic distributed electrical generation network and use the resulting model to simulate the phase stability and the synchronization of a small electrical grid. It is well-known that a major problem for distributed generation is the frequency stability. This is a non linear problem and proper models for analysis are sorely lacking. In our model nodes are arranged in a regular lattice; the strength of their couplings are randomly chosen and allowed to vary as square waves. Although the system undergoes several synchronization losses, nevertheless it is able to quickly resynchronize. Moreover, we show that the synchronization rising-time follows a power-law.
Spatiotemporal dynamics of pattern formation in the primary visual cortex and hallucinations
Authors: H. Henke, P. A. Robinson, P. M. Drysdale, P. N. Loxley
Venue: Biological Cybernetics (2009)

The existence of visual hallucinations with prominent temporal oscillations is well documented in conditions such as Charles Bonnett Syndrome. To explore these phenomena, a continuum model of cortical activity that includes additional physiological features of axonal propagation and synapto-dendritic time constants, is used to study the generation of hallucinations featuring both temporal and spatial oscillations. A detailed comparison of the physiological features of this model with those of two others used previously in the modeling of hallucinations is made, and differences, particularly regarding temporal dynamics, relevant to pattern formation are analyzed. Linear analysis and numerical calculation are then employed to examine the pattern forming behavior of this new model for two different forms of spatiotemporal coupling between neurons. Numerical calculations reveal an oscillating mode whose frequency depends on synaptic, dendritic, and axonal time constants not previously simultaneously included in such analyses. Its properties are qualitatively consistent with descriptions of a number of physiological disorders and conditions with temporal dynamics, but the analysis implies that corticothalamic effects will need to be incorporated to treat the consequences quantitatively.
Validating a Standardized Usability/User-Experience Maturity Model: A Progress Report
Authors: Aaron Marcus, Richard Gunther, Randy Sieffert
Venue: Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Human Centered Design: Held as Part of HCI International 2009 (2009)

The authors report on ongoing work in developing a usability/user-experience maturity model, in particular, the results of a workshop about this subject held at the Usability Professionals Association 2009 national conference.
The next big thing: position statements
Authors: Munindar P. Singh, Daniel G. Bobrow, Michael N. Huhns, Margaret King, Hiroaki Kitano, Ray Reiter
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifteenth international joint conference on Artifical intelligence - Volume 2 (1997)

This panel is a celebration of artificial intelligence (AI). Basing its claims to interest on the past accomplishments of AI, it highlights some of the new exciting concepts and technologies that compete for the title The Next Big Thing.
Proceedings of the 6th Symposium on Applied Perception in Graphics and Visualization
Authors: Katerina Mania, Bernhard Riecke
Venue: Applied Perception in Graphics and Visualization (2009)

The Symposium on Applied Perception in Graphics and Visualization (APGV) is an emerging and vital forum for the dissemination of the latest research results at the intersection of computer graphics and perception science. This volume contains the proceedings of the sixth annual APGV, held in Chania, Crete, Greece on September 30 -- October 2, 2009 and sponsored by ACM SIGGRAPH. The general goals of the symposium are to use insights from perception to advance the design of methods for visual, auditory and haptic representation, and to use computer graphics to enable perceptual research that would otherwise not be possible. In addition to providing a place to communicate new results, APGV serves to foster interaction among researchers in this interdisciplinary area and to discuss emerging directions in the field. We received 52 full paper submissions for APGV this year, a record that we hope shows the healthy state of our field. Each submission was reviewed by at least three members of the International Program Committee, and we decided to accept 23 of these as full papers, to be presented as oral presentations at the conference (15 as long papers, and 8 as short papers). The proceedings also include 15 one-page abstracts describing poster presentations. The posters include abstracts of paper submissions that were not accepted for oral presentation, as well as independent poster submissions. The papers cover a wide range of topics. We have classified the papers into six categories, corresponding to the sessions: &bull;Virtual Environments &bull;Realistic Humans &bull;Displays and Visualization &bull;Animation and Transitions &bull;Rendering and Illumination &bull;Textures Upon examining the contents of this volume, you will note that only 18 papers are included in the proceedings. Under a new arrangement with the ACM Transactions on Applied Perception (TAP), six of the papers, selected as "best" papers by the program committee and the program chairs, underwent a second review process for possible inclusion in a special issue of ACM TAP. Five of those papers appear in the ACM Digital Library as TAP papers, contemporaneous with the conference, and the remaining one appears as a regular APGV paper. The APGV steering committee, TAP editor-in-chief, and ACM Publications Board all endorsed and worked toward this change, which streamlines and fast-tracks journal publications for some APGV submissions (while excluding journal publication for none) and formalizes the process for the APGV special issue of TAP. As there cannot be double publication, those papers cannot appear in the proceedings. Because of the tight deadlines in making this change, paper proceedings had to be sacrificed. We consider this sacrifice a small one.
A parameter method for computing highly oscillatory integrals
Authors: Ruyun Chen, Shuhuang Xiang, Yongxiong Zhou
Venue: Computers Mathematics with Applications (2009)

This paper presents a new efficient parameter method for integration of the highly oscillatory integral @!"0^1f(x)e^i^@w^g^(^x^)dx with an irregular oscillator. The effectiveness and accuracy are tested by means of numerical examples for the case where g(x) has stationary points.
Towards faster planning with continuous resources in stochastic domains
Authors: Janusz Marecki, Milind Tambe
Venue: Proceedings of the 23rd national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 2 (2008)

Agents often have to construct plans that obey resource limits for continuous resources whose consumption can only be characterized by probability distributions. While Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) with a state space of continuous and discrete variables are popular for modeling these domains, current algorithms for such MDPs can exhibit poor performance with a scale-up in their state space. To remedy that we propose an algorithm called DPFP. DPFP's key contribution is its exploitation of the dual space cumulative distribution functions. This dual formulation is key to DPFP's novel combination of three features. First, it enables DPFP's membership in a class of algorithms that perform forward search in a large (possibly infinite) policy space. Second, it provides a new and efficient approach for varying the policy generation effort based on the likelihood of reaching different regions of the MDP state space. Third, it yields a bound on the error produced by such approximations. These three features conspire to allow DPFP's superior performance and systematic trade-off of optimality for speed. Our experimental evaluation shows that, when run stand-alone, DPFP outperforms other algorithms in terms of its any-time performance, whereas when run as a hybrid, it allows for a significant speedup of a leading continuous resource MDP solver.
Temporal Restriction Query Optimization for Event Stream Processing
Authors: Jiahong Liu, Quanyuan Wu, Wei Liu
Venue: Advances in Web and Network Technologies, and Information Management: APWeb/WAIM 2009 International Workshops: WCMT 2009, RTBI 2009, DBIR-ENQOIR 2009, PAIS 2009, Suzhou, China, April 2-4, 2009, Revised Selected Papers (2009)

The trend that organizations are linking Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) efforts closely to real-time processes makes research and industrial community increasingly focus on the SOA and Event Stream Processing (ESP) connection. ESP needs to correlate multiple continuous events involved in complex temporal relationship and attribute logic relationship to more abstract complex events in richer semantic. Due to high speed arrival rate of events and vast volume of registered complex event queries, memory consumption and incremental event query evaluation demand a comprehensive dedicate event stream processing framework with low-latency and high scalability. In this paper, we study problems of query optimization for ESP, especially topics on temporal restriction query. We first propose a framework to integrate ESP features with business process management and monitor. We then describe a query plan-based approach to efficiently execute ESP queries. Our approach uses algebraic conversion to efficiently handle temporal restriction queries, which are a key component of complex event processing, and computes temporal relevance condition at compile time to obtain event relevance time for a given expression. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach through a performance evaluation of our prototype implementation.
Comprehensive Gene Ontology Mapping Strategies for Improved Biological Inference
Authors: Qing-Wei Xu, Li Yang, Jiang Li
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 IITA International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems Engineering (case 2009) (2009)

Lack of sufficient semantic relationships between pairs of terms coming from the three independent Gene Ontology sub-ontologies, that limit the power to provide complex semantic queries and inference services based on it. By integrating non-lexical and lexical learning strategies into GLUE system, we semi-automatically generate six types of one-to-one mapping paths covered almost half of all GO terms. We believe that the comprehensive ontology mapping strategies might be an effective way to bridge the gap between non-lexical and lexical approaches, as well as improve accuracy and coverage.
Investigating the Use of Voice and Ink for Mobile Micronote Capture
Authors: Adrienne H. Andrew, Amy K. Karlson, A. J. Brush
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th IFIP TC 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Part I (2009)

Despite the potential benefits of digital note taking tools, research has found that people continue to use paper for creating micronotes, informal personal notes such as reminders and to-dos. Design recommendations from formative studies suggest that "natural" input modalities such as voice and digital ink could help to overcome the drawbacks of text entry on phones and PDAs. We conducted an 18-person lab study to understand the perceived and actual trade-offs that these non-traditional input methods offer for micronote capture. We found that people preferred ink (8 participants) and voice (8 participants) input over keyboard (2 participants) input. Half our participants varied the input method they used in different environments, while the rest did not. However, paper remains popular and was preferred by 8 participants when given the option. The 9 participants whose ink and voice micronotes were transcribed with higher error rates had a noticeably different experience using voice including slower capture times, and higher mental and physical demand survey responses. The percentage of participants that preferred ink, voice, and keyboard was the same for both transcription quality groups.
Evaluating Factors that Influence Path Tracing with Passive Haptic Guidance
Authors: Kurosh Zarei-Nia, Xing-Dong Yang, Pourang Irani, Nariman Sepehri
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Haptic and Audio Interaction Design (2009)

A very common task in medical applications and motor-skill training is to trace a path. However, when designing a haptically guided interface, designers need to consider the choice of several parameters in the design. These include the real-time function for bringing back the user to the right path, the effect of the path's curvature on tracing, and the amount of haptic force needed for guiding the user appropriately. In this paper, we describe the results of an experiment that was designed to assess the effect of several design factors that can influence the performance of path tracing tasks. Our results show that the shape of the path has an effect on the amount of deviation from a path. Additionally, we found that a high amount of stiffness is preferred over low stiffness. Finally, the type of force profile that haptically guides the user, particularly the slope of the function, is also an important factor in path tracing tasks. We discuss our results with implications for designs of systems necessitating haptic force feedback in constrained path tracing tasks.
Modeling the Difficulty for Centering Rectangles in One and Two Dimensions
Authors: Robert Pastel
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Part II: Novel Interaction Methods and Techniques (2009)

Centering, positioning an object within specified bounds, is a common computer task, for example making selections using a standard mouse or on a touch screen using a finger. These experiments measured times for participants (n = 131) to position a rectangular cursor with various widths, p (10 px ≤ p ≤ 160 px), completely within rectangular targets with various widths, w, and tolerances, t = w-p (4 px ≤ t ≤ 160 px) in one and two dimensions. The analysis divides the movement time into two phases, the transport time and the centering time. Centering times are modeled well by 1/t. All models have high correlation, r 2 ¿ 0.95.
Can ICT Reform Public Agencies?
Authors: Arild Jansen, Einar Løvdal
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Electronic Government (2009)

This study examines the reorganisation of the administration of admission to higher education in Norway, which has also included the development of a nationwide, ICT-based case handling system. This reform process was initiated out of the need to provide politicians with information for control and regulatory purposes, and the reform resulted in a centralised management information system. This system, however, has evolved into a coordinated but also partly locally delegated decision-making instrument which processes most of the applications for admission to higher education in Norway.Our analysis aims at identifying the driving forces and mechanisms that have motivated this long-term and complex development process. We ask to what extent we may claim that management interests have been the key factor in these reform processes? Or, has the development been impelled instead by advances in new information and communication technologies?Our conclusion is that neither of these hypotheses can fully explain these processes. It is indisputable that political and central management priorities have been crucially important in this reform. At the same time, we cannot neglect the dynamics related to the visions that technological developments have created. Such visions, implemented through collaborative processes and including a central project team and support staff in the various local institutions, seem to have created an environment for innovative technical and administrative solutions.
On the Generalised Character Compatibility Problem for Non-branching Character Trees
Authors: Ján Maňuch, Murray Patterson, Arvind Gupta
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference on Computing and Combinatorics (2009)

In [13], the authors introduced the Generalised Character Compatibility Problem as a generalisation of the Perfect Phylogeny Problem for a set of species. This generalised problem takes into account the fact that while a species may not be expressing a certain trait, i.e., having teeth, its DNA may contain data for this trait in a non-functional region. The authors showed that the Generalised Character Compatibility Problem is NP-complete for an instance of the problem involving five states, where the characters' state transition trees are branching. They also presented a class of instances of the problem that is polynomial-time solvable. The authors posed an open problem about the complexity of this problem when no branching is allowed in the character trees. They answered this question in [2], where they showed that for an instance in which each character tree is 0¿1¿2 (no branching), and only the states {1},{0,2},{0,1,2} are allowed, is NP-complete. This, however, does not provide an answer to the exact question posed in [3], which allows only one type of generalised state: {0,2}, called here the Benham-Kannan-Warnow (BKW) Case.In this paper, we study the complexity of various versions of this problem with non-branching character trees, depending on the set of states allowed, and depending on the restriction on the phylogeny tree: any tree, path or single-branch tree. In particular, we show that if the phylogeny tree is required to have only one branch: (a) the problem still remains NP-complete (for instance with states {1},{0,2},{0,1,2}), and (b) the problem is polynomial-time solvable in the BKW Case (with states {0},{1},{2},{0,2}). We show the second result by unveiling a surprising connection to the Consecutive-Ones Property (C1P) Problem, used for instance, in DNA physical mapping, interval graph recognition and data retrieval.
Ordered Backward XPath Axis Processing against XML Streams
Authors: Abdul Nizar M., P. Sreenivasa Kumar
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th International XML Database Symposium on Database and XML Technologies (2009)

Processing of backward XPath axes against XML streams is challenging for two reasons: (i) Data is not cached for future access. (ii) Query contains steps specifying navigation to the data that already passed by. While there are some attempts to process parent and ancestor axes, there are very few proposals to process ordered backward axes namely, preceding and preceding-sibling. For ordered backward axis processing, the algorithm, in addition to overcoming the limitations on data availability, has to take care of ordering constraints imposed by these axes. In this paper, we show how backward ordered axes can be effectively represented using forward constraints. We then discuss an algorithm for XML stream processing of XPath expressions containing ordered backward axes. The algorithm uses a layered cache structure to systematically accumulate query results. Our experiments show that the new algorithm gains remarkable speed up over the existing algorithm without compromising on bufferspace requirement.