ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Discourse Representation in the Two Cerebral Hemispheres
Authors: Debra L. Long, Kathleen Baynes
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2002)

Readers construct at least two interrelated representations when they comprehend a text: (a) a propositional representation containing the individual ideas that are derived from each sentence and the relations among them and (b) a discourse model, a representation of the context or situation to which the text refers. We used a paradigm called "item priming in recognition" to examine how these representations are stored in the cerebral hemispheres. In Experiment 1, the priming paradigm was used in combination with a lateralized visual field (VF) procedure. We found evidence that readers' representations were structured according to propositional relations, but only in the left hemisphere. Item recognition was facilitated when a concept was preceded by another concept from the same proposition when targets were presented to the left, but not to the right, hemisphere. We found priming in both hemispheres, however, when targets were context-appropriate senses of ambiguous words or topics of passages. In Experiment 2, we replicated the priming effects in three callosotomy patients. We argue that the distinction between a propositional representation and a discourse model is important with respect to how discourse is represented in the brain. The propositional representation appears to reside in the left hemisphere, whereas aspects of the discourse model appear to be represented in both hemispheres.
Logical sentences as the intent of concepts
Authors: Yu Sun, Yue-Fei Sui, You-Ming Xia
Venue: Journal of Computer Science and Technology (2005)

Pragmatics plays an important role in correctly understanding sentences. Much useful information will be lost if the context in which a sentence is asserted is ignored. There are some approaches in logic to pragmatics, such as situation theories and context logics. Although these methods associate a sentence with a context or a situation, they consider only the truth value of the sentence. However, a sentence should have more meanings than its truth value, and people care more about what a sentence conveys. For the affection of contexts, the meaning of a sentence is not always its semantic meaning and a sentence may have different pragmatical implications in different contexts. In this paper, a context is considered as some structure in the real world. A sentence from some logical language is conceptualized as a concept~ whose intent is a set of sentences implied semantically by the sentence, and whose extent is a set of contexts in which the sentence describes a part of the contexts. In terms of tools and theories of concepts, a strictly defined theory is given to study the pragmatics of sentences in contexts in information systems, which cannot be derived from the sentences by using logical reasoning methods.
BICIR: Boundary-Constrained Inverse Consistent Image Registration Using WEB-Splines
Authors: Dinesh Kumar, Xiujuan Geng, Eric A. Hoffman, Gary E. Christensen
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshop (2006)

We present a new registration method called boundaryconstrained inverse consistent image registration (BICIR). This method is novel because it performs boundary constrained intensity based image registration by combining surface- and intensity-based registration. The method registers a region of interest and ignores everything outside the region eliminating interference caused by surrounding regions. The boundaries of the two objects are first registered using the transitive inverse-consistent manifold registration (TICMR) described in [4]. This provides the boundary conditions, which are used to compute the displacement over the object using the Element Free Galerkin Method (EFGM). The EFGM solution is used as an initialization and is fine-tuned using the intensity information inside the object. The transformations are represented with shape specific basis functions that have local support. These basis functions are defined only over the region of interest and help improve the computational performance. The BICIR method was tested for a number of 2-dimensional test images. The method was validated using the similarity cost, relative overlap and inverse consistency error.
A Distributed Information Services Architecture to Support Biomarker Discovery in Early Detection of Cancer
Authors: Daniel Crichton, Sean Kelly, Chris Mattmann, Qing Xiao, J. Steven Hughes, Jane Oh, Mark Thornquist, Donald Johnsey, Sudhir Srivastava, Laura Essermann, William Bigbee
Venue: Proceedings of the Second IEEE International Conference on e-Science and Grid Computing (2006)

Informatics in biomedicine is becoming increasingly interconnected via distributed information services, interdisciplinary correlation, and crossinstitutional collaboration. Partnering with NASA, the Early Detection Research Network (EDRN), a program managed by the National Cancer Institute, has been defining and building an informatics architecture to support the discovery of biomarkers in their earliest stages. The architecture established by EDRN serves as a blueprint for constructing a set of services focused on the capture, processing, management and distribution of information through the phases of biomarker discovery and validation.
Analyzing Actors and Their Discussion Topics by Semantic Social Network Analysis
Authors: Peter A. Gloor, Yan Zhao
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on Information Visualization (2006)

iQuest is a novel software system to improve understanding of organizational phenomena with greater precision, clarity, and granularity than has previously been possible. It permits to gain new insights into organizational behavior, addressing issues such as tracking information while respecting privacy, comparing different interaction channels, network membership, and correlating organizational performance and creativity. It extends automatic visualization of social networks by mining communication archives such as e-mail and blogs through including analysis of the contents of those archives.
The Holodex: Integrating Summarization with the Index
Authors: Hung-chih Yang, D. Stott Parker, Ruey-Lung Hsiao
Venue: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management (2006)

In this paper1 we introduce the Holodex, a 'holistic index' for databases that includes a facility for statistics and aggregate-like computations. The Holodex is an integration of the conventional index and summarization over traversals of the index. It can store customized summaries in its data structure, and in this way it can maintain, and provide fast access to, summarized information. The Holodex rests on the Summary-Traversal Architecturea customizable summarization scheme for tree indexes. An important property of the summary-traversal architecture is that index structures defining an ordering on data can be augmented to provide extra summary information as well. For example, both tree indexes (such as the B+- Tree) and tree-hash hybrids (e.g., Multi-Level Trie Hashing and Interpolation Search Tree ) define an ordering, and they can be naturally extended to include summary information. This combination of indexing and summarization has a variety of uses, including computation of aggregate functions, rollups, bulk computation, and a variety of kinds of statistics, particularly those that are in some way related to order. More specifically, it is useful for computing nonparametric statistics - including rank statistics and order statistics - as well as direct implementation of queries like basic statistical tests on sample distributions.
On the Evaluation of Semantic Web Service Matchmaking Systems
Authors: Vassileios Tsetsos, Christos Anagnostopoulos, Stathes Hadjiefthymiades
Venue: Proceedings of the European Conference on Web Services (2006)

Semantic Web Services are generally considered as the evolution of conventional Web Services. Semantic information included in the service descriptions enables the development of advanced matchmaking schemes, capable of assigning degrees of match to the discovered services. In this paper, we address issues related to the evaluation of the retrieval effectiveness of semantic matchmaking systems. Our main position is that conventional evaluation schemes do not fully capture the added value of service semantics nor do they take into account the assigned degrees of match, supported by the majority of discovery engines. Through some preliminary experiments, we show that a generalization of the evaluation process based on fuzzy set theory techniques can lead to more accurate and meaningful evaluation results.
Speeding up transposition-invariant string matching
Authors: Sebastian Deorowicz
Venue: Information Processing Letters (2006)

Finding the longest common subsequence (LCS) of two given sequences A=a0a1 ... am-1 and B = b0b1 ... bn-1 is an important and well studied problem. We consider its generalization, transposition-invariant LCS (LCTS), which has recently arisen in the field of music information retrieval. In LCTS, we look for the LCS between the sequences A + t = (a0 + t)(a1 +t)... (am-1 + t) and B where t is any integer. We introduce a family of algorithms (motivated by the Hunt-Szymanski scheme for LCS), improving the currently best known complexity from O(mn log logσ to O(D loglogσ + mn), where σ is the alphabet size and D ≤ mn is the total number of dominant matches for all transpositions. Then, we demonstrate experimentally that some of our algorithms outperform the best ones from literature.
Drift bifurcation of dissipative solitons: destabilisation due to a change of shape
Authors: S. V. Gurevich, H. U. Bodeker, A. S. Moskalenko, A. W. Liehr, H.-G. Purwins
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 International Conference on Physics and Control - Volume 2 (2003)

In this paper we report on the drift bifurcation of single dissipative soliton in a three-component reaction-diffusion system due to a change of its shape. We derive analytical expression for the velocity of the dissipative soliton as a function of an appropriate control parameters. To prove the correctness of the calculations, numerical simulations are carried out showing good agreement with the analytical predictions.
Almost everywhere convergence of (C, α)-means of cubical partial sums of d-dimensional Walsh-Fourier series
Authors: Ushangi Goginava
Venue: Journal of Approximation Theory (2006)

In the paper we prove that the maximal operator of the (C, α)-means of cubical partial sums of d- dimensional Walsh-Fourier series is of weak type (1,1). Moreover, the (C, α)-means σnαf of the function f ∈ L1 converge a.e. to f as n → ∞.
Flexible Gesture Recognition for Immersive Virtual Environments
Authors: Matthias Deller, Achim Ebert, Michael Bender, Hans Hagen
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on Information Visualization (2006)

With powerful graphics hardware becoming affordable for everyone, there is an increasing tendency towards a new generation of user interfaces, with the focus shifting from traditional two-dimensional desktops to three-dimensional virtual environments. Therefore, there is a growing need for applicable immersive interaction metaphors to manipulate these environments. In our paper we propose a gesture recognition engine using an inexpensive data glove with integrated 6 DOF tracking. Despite of noisy input data from the glove, we are able to achieve reliable and flexible gesture recognition. New gestures can be trained easily and existing gestures can be individually adapted for different users.
Audio Watermarking Based on Reverberation
Authors: Gui-jun Nian, Zhiyuan Xie, Shu-xun Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 International Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia (2006)

To get the best effect of art, the music should be added different artificial reverberation. A new watermarking method based on reverberation theory is proposed in this paper. The embed process same as the process that adds reverberation to recordings in music studio to make it sound quite natural like in a real concert hall. The watermark are embedded by convoluting the original audio signal and a room impulse response that obtained by image method[4]. The parameters for calculating the room impulse response are used as secret key that must be used in the decoding process to ensure security. When decoding, homomorphic deconvolution method is used to separate the kernel function from the cepstrum of the watermarked audio signal, and then take cross-correlation with the delay sequence of room impulse response to get watermark by searching the peak.
Tutorial on Rapid Development of Intelligent Tutors using the Cognitive Tutor Authoring Tools (CTAT)
Authors: Vincent Aleven, Bruce McLaren, Jonathan Sewall
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (2006)

Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) can both help improve student learning and serve as useful platforms for experiments in learning science [1,2]. But the difficulty of building or customizing ITSs has hindered their acceptance among educators and researchers [3]. The Cognitive Tutor Authoring Tools (CTAT) project aims to provide a suite of authoring tools that make tutor development more affordable by leveraging human-computer interaction and artificial intelligence techniques. Previous efforts on CTAT added the capability for nonprogrammers to create exampletracing tutors via a programming-by-demonstration technique that requires no coding [4]. While exampletracing tutors provide a student experience similar to that of the more general cognitive tutors, they also require that an author demonstrate and fully annotate each individual problem to be presented.
An Internet Voting System Supporting User Privacy
Authors: Aggelos Kiayias, Michael Korman, David Walluck
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Computer Security Applications Conference (2006)

This work introduces the ADDER system1 , an Internet-based, free and open source electronic voting system which employs strong cryptography. Our system is a fully functional e-voting platform and enjoys a number of security properties, such as robustness, trust distribution, ballot privacy, auditability and verifiability. It can readily implement and carry out various voting procedures in parallel and can be used for small scale boardroom/department-wide voting as well as largescale elections. In addition, ADDER employs a flexible voting scheme which allows the system to carry out procedures such as surveys or other data collection activities. ADDER offers a unique opportunity to study cryptographic voting protocols from a systems perspective and to explore the security and usability of electronic voting systems.
An application-driven perspective on wireless sensor network security
Authors: Eric Sabbah, Adnan Majeed, Kyoung-Don Kang, Ke Liu, Nael Abu-Ghazaleh
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd ACM international workshop on Quality of service security for wireless and mobile networks (2006)

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have recently attracted a lot of interest due to the range of applications they enable. Unfortunately, WSNs are exposed to numerous security threats that can adversely affect the success of important applications. Securing WSNs is challenging due to their unique nature as an application and a network, and due to their limited capabilities. In this paper, we argue that the WSN security research generally considers mechanisms that are modeled after and evaluated against abstract applications and WSN organizations. Instead, we propose that an effective solution for WSNs must be sensitive to the application and infrastructure. We propose an application-specific security context as the combination of a potential attacker¿s motivation and the WSN vulnerability. The vulnerability is a function of factors such as the sensor field, the WSN infrastructure, the application, protocols and system software, as well the accessibility and the observability of the WSN. To reduce the vulnerability, we argue that WSN design must balance traditional objectives such as energy efficiency, cost, and application level performance with security to a degree proportional to the attacker¿s motivation. We illustrate this argument via two example applications
Towards an Approach forWeb services Substitution
Authors: Yehia Taher, Djamal Benslimane, Marie-Christine Fauvet, Zakaria Maamar
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th International Database Engineering and Applications Symposium (2006)

This paper presents an approach whose objective is to support Web services substitution. Substitution means replacing a component with another component, as long as the replacing component produces the same output and satisfies the same requirements as the replaced component. Motives for substitution includeWeb service's non-responsiveness to client requests and better arrangement with another, competitor Web service. To perform Web services substitution with less impact on the ongoing, and sometimes critical, business processes, the approach proposes deploying communities of Web services. A community promotes the dynamic binding of Web services through a common interface, known as Open Service Connectivity. The Open Service Connectivity directs requests to and responses from Web services regardless of how these latter are specified, implemented, and located.
Multirate filter banks for code-division multiple access systems
Authors: M. K. Tsatsanis, G. B. Giannakis
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1995. on International Conference - Volume 02 (1995)

Direct sequence, code-division multiple access (CDMA) schemes offer an attractive alternative for sharing a transmission medium among many users, while requiring minimal co-operation among them. A number of signal processing issues are related to the receiver's task of multiuser information extraction and detection. In this paper, a discrete-time multirate formulation is introduced for asynchronous CDMA systems, which can incorporate multipath effects. In this framework, linear receivers are derived which can completely suppress multiuser interference (decorrelating receivers). A criterion is introduced, which guarantees the decorrelating property, while providing optimal solutions in the presence of noise. The synchronization problem in a multipath environment is also studied, and identifiability conditions are established. A subspace algorithm is proposed, to estimate the user's delays and multipath channels in a blind scenario.
How autonomy oriented computing (AOC) tackles a computationally hard optimization problem
Authors: Xiao-Feng Xie, Jiming Liu
Venue: Proceedings of the fifth international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems (2006)

The hard computational problems, such as the traveling salesman problem (TSP), are relevant to many tasks of practical interest, which normally can be well formalized but are difficult to solve. This paper presents an extended multiagent optimization system, called MAOSE, for supporting cooperative problem solving on a virtual landscape and achieving high-quality solution(s) by the self-organization of autonomous entities. The realization of an optimization algorithm then can be described in three parts: a) encode the representation of the problem, which provides the virtual landscape and possible auxiliary knowledge; b) construct the memory elements at the initialization stage; and c) design the generate-and-test behavior guided by the law of socially-biased individual learning, through tailoring to the domain structure. The implementation is demonstrated on the TSP in details. The extensive experimental results on real-world instances in TSPLIB show its efficiency as comparing to other algorithms.
A Feedback Model of Visual Attention
Authors: M. W. Spratling, M. H. Johnson
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2004)

Feedback connections are a prominent feature of cortical anatomy and are likely to have a significant functional role in neural information processing. We present a neural network model of cortical feedback that successfully simulates neurophysiological data associated with attention. In this domain, our model can be considered a more detailed, and biologically plausible, implementation of the biased competition model of attention. However, our model is more general as it can also explain a variety of other top-down processes in vision, such as figure/ground segmentation and contextual cueing. This model thus suggests that a common mechanism, involving cortical feedback pathways, is responsible for a range of phenomena and provides a unified account of currently disparate areas of research.
MOTUS goes to Africa: mobile technologies to increase sustainability of collaborative models for teacher education
Authors: Godfrey Mayende, Monica Divitini, Ove Haugalokken
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE International Workshop on Technology for Education in Developing Countries (2006)

In this paper we outline the research we are currently doing on the usage of mobile and ambient technologies for supporting cooperation in teacher education. Based on this experience, we argue that mobile and wireless technologies can increase the sustainability of cooperative models for teacher education in developing countries.
Conceptual Representations of Action in the Lateral Temporal Cortex
Authors: Joseph W. Kable, Irene P. Kan, Ashley Wilson, Sharon L. Thompson-schill, Anjan Chatterjee
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2005)

Retrieval of conceptual information from action pictures causes greater activation than from object pictures bilaterally in human motion areas (MT/MST) and nearby temporal regions. By contrast, retrieval of conceptual information from action words causes greater activation in left middle and superior temporal gyri, anterior and dorsal to the MT/MST. We performed two fMRI experiments to replicate and extend these findings regarding action words. In the first experiment, subjects performed conceptual judgments of action and object words under conditions that stressed visual semantic information. Under these conditions, action words again activated posterior temporal regions close to, but not identical with, the MT/MST. In the second experiment, we included conceptual judgments of manipulable object words in addition to judgments of action and animal words. Both action and manipulable object judgments caused greater activity than animal judgments in the posterior middle temporal gyrus. Both of these experiments support the hypothesis that middle temporal gyrus activation is related to accessing conceptual information about motion attributes, rather than alternative accounts on the basis of lexical or grammatical factors. Furthermore, these experiments provide additional support for the notion of a concrete to abstract gradient of motion representations with the lateral occipito-temporal cortex, extending anterior and dorsal from the MT/MST towards the peri-sylvian cortex.