ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
A tree-systolic array of DLMS adaptive filter
Authors: Lan-Da Van
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1999. on 1999 IEEE International Conference - Volume 03 (1999)

In this work, we develop an optimized binary tree-level rule for the design of a systolic array structure of a delay least mean square (DLMS) adaptive filter. Using the developed method, a higher convergence rate can be obtained without sacrificing the properties of the systolic array structure. Also, based on the optimized tree rule, the user can easily design any even-number tap adaptive system with minimum delay and high regularity under the constraints of maximum driving and the total number of taps.
Improving application QoS with residential multihoming
Authors: Ahsan Habib, John Chuang
Venue: Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking (2007)

An appealing solution for a networked end host to circumvent last mile congestion is to connect to multiple service providers simultaneously, which is known as multihoming. The differences in peering relationships among different service providers make it possible for multihomed hosts to use significantly different routes to the same destination. Therefore, multihoming can dynamically avoid points of congestion in the network by taking advantage of the choice among different routes available at any given time. In this paper, we evaluate the potential benefits of residential multihoming for different classes of applications. For Web access applications, we show that response times and download times can be significantly reduced by multihoming, and this is achievable by employing a simple measurement-based switching algorithm. For Voice-over-IP (VoIP) applications, we show via analysis and wide area experiments that perceived voice quality, as quantified by the Mean Opinion Score (MOS) metric, can be improved with a combination of multihoming and forward error correction coding. Finally, for video streaming applications, performance improvements can be realized by splitting video sessions over multiple physical links and migrating sessions to non-congested paths. Collectively, these results suggest that multihoming can be an effective solution to provide quality of service for diverse classes of Internet applications for residential users.
A slicing-based approach for locating type errors
Authors: T. B. Dinesh, Frank Tip
Venue: Proceedings of the Conference on Domain-Specific Languages on Conference on Domain-Specific Languages (DSL), 1997 (1997)

The effiectiveness of a type checking tool strongly depends on the accuracy of the positional information that is associated with type errors. We present an approach where the location associated with an error message e is defined as a slice Pe of the program P being type checked. We show that this approach yields highly accurate positional information: Pe is a program that contains precisely those program constructs in P that caused error e. Semantically, we have the interesting property that type checking Pe is guaranteed to produce the same error e. Our approach is completely language-independent, and has been implemented for a significant subset of Pascal.
An experiential approach to incorporating software testing into the computer science curriculum
Authors: E. L. Jones
Venue: Proceedings of the Frontiers in Education Conference, 2001. 31st Annual - Volume 02 (2001)

Testing accounts for about half of the cost of software, but testing receives little treatment in most curricula. This paper presents an approach to giving students experiences in software testing throughout the curriculum, rather than the usual approach of offering a separate course in testing. The centerpiece of the authors' approach is the Software TestLab, which exists to train selected students in the art and science of testing, and to transfer testing practice into core courses. TestLab students become agents of technology transfer. This paper describes the conceptual framework used to define the set of essential test experiences, and presents lessons learned, to date.
Primary school children's safe and unsafe use of the Internet at home and at school: An exploratory study
Authors: M. Valcke, T. Schellens, H. Van Keer, M. Gerarts
Venue: Computers in Human Behavior (2007)

In this study, 1700 primary school pupils (4th, 5th, and 6th grade) of 78 schools in Flanders and their headmasters were questioned about their use of the Internet and their perception and behaviour as to safe Internet use. The results indicate that, next to the expected high level of Internet use at home, there is clear evidence of unsafe Internet use. Exploration of the data reveals that, of the currently taken specific interventions to promote safe Internet use and (un)safe Internet behaviour, only parent control seems to be significantly related to lower degrees of unsafe behaviour. No school-based interventions seem to be associated with the level of unsafe Internet use. The nature of current school-based interventions is discussed and considered to be less effective to expect an impact at the behavioural level. Next to implications for future research, recommendations to reorient school policies and action lines are presented.
Solution of a Volterra integral equation by the Sinc-collocation method
Authors: J. Rashidinia, M. Zarebnia
Venue: Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics (2007)

In this paper a collocation procedure is developed for a linear Volterra integral equation of the second kind by using the Sinc basis functions. The approximate solutions are given so that the auxiliary basis functions satisfy the four different end conditions. It is shown that the Sinc procedure converges to the solution at an exponential rate of O(e^-^k^N). Numerical results are included to confirm the efficiency and accuracy of the method.
Combinatorial aspects of L-convex polyominoes
Authors: G. Castiglione, A. Frosini, E. Munarini, A. Restivo, S. Rinaldi
Venue: European Journal of Combinatorics (2007)

We consider the class of L-convex polyominoes, i.e. those polyominoes in which any two cells can be connected with an ''L'' shaped path in one of its four cyclic orientations. The paper proves bijectively that the number f"n of L-convex polyominoes with perimeter 2(n+2) satisfies the linear recurrence relation f"n"+"2=4f"n"+"1-2f"n, by first establishing a recurrence of the same form for the cardinality of the ''2-compositions'' of a natural number n, a simple generalization of the ordinary compositions of n. Then, such 2-compositions are studied and bijectively related to certain words of a regular language over four letters which is in turn bijectively related to L-convex polyominoes. In the last section we give a solution to the open problem of determining the generating function of the area of L-convex polyominoes.
Hexagonal microlens array fabricated by proximity printing via UV lithography
Authors: Hsiharng Yang, Che-Ping Lin, Ching-Kong Chao, Cheng-Tang Pan
Venue: Proceedings of the Symposium on Design, Test, Integration and Packaging of MEMS/MOEMS (2003)

This paper presents a new method to fabricate hexagonal microlens array in photoresist by controlling the printing gap in the UV lithography process. This method can precisely control the geometric profile of hexagonal microlens array in the fabrication process without thermal reflow. The proximity printing bends the UV light away from the aperture edges and produces certain exposure in the photoresist outside the aperture edges due to diffraction effects. It causes the photoresist bottom on two adjacent patterns to link each other after development. The fabricated hexagonal microlens diameter has the same size of the pitch distance between two apertures. For example, the aperture pitch distance 120 /spl mu/m will generate microlens with diameter 120 /spl mu/m. As found the proximity gap between the mask and photoresist should be twice or more than the aperture pitch distance, the microlens array in photoresist can be generated properly. The experimental results showed that microlens arrays in photoresist were automatically formed without using the thermal reflow process at the printing gap ranged from 240 im to 840 im. Hemispherical microlens array with diameter 120 /spl mu/m and various geometric profiles can be fabricated in this method.
Design and performance evaluation of new channel reservation schemes for supporting multi-class traffics
Authors: A. Charoenpanichkit
Venue: Proceedings of the Performance, Computing, and Communications Conference, 2002. on 21st IEEE International (2002)

We consider a single-access system where high bit-rate communication systems constrain the propagation delay between users and the base station. We found that existing channel reservation schemes cannot guarantee satisfaction to all users regarding different quality of service (QoS). Thus, we propose two new channel reservation schemes which take into consideration priority service to more delay-sensitive traffics, namely, UNI+DS (uniform and divided slots) and UNI+DS+MLA (uniform with divided slots and multiple limited access) schemes, an extension of our recently proposed UNI (uniform) scheme for single-class traffic. The goal is to achieve the highest system performance and enable each traffic type to meet its QoS requirements. We evaluate the performance of each scheme by mathematical analysis. The numerical results show that our proposed schemes are effective in enabling different traffic users to achieve the best successful rate possible in this kind of environment.
The Influence of Media Factors on Ethical Behavior
Authors: Wm. Benjamin Martz,  Jr., Morgan Shepherd
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (2007)

As the number of scandals in the business world continue, there seems to be a greater need for ethics training This study looks at some of the known characteristics of information, and the influence those characteristics have on students when it comes to ethical behavior. Mason [15] developed the PAPA ethics categories, and this study examines the Property category in depth. A set of scenarios was developed around three main constructs: the costs of a product (free or not); the type of product (an MP3 file vs. a test); the medium of a product (digital format or tangible); and the ownership perspective (owned by a friend or owned by the subject). The overall results show students are lacking in ethics, and that there is a difference in ethical behavior when MP3 files are studied.
On adaptive IIR lattice notch filter using a robust variable step-size for the detection of sinusoid
Authors: R. Punchalard
Venue: Proceedings of the The 8th International Conference on Communication Systems - Volume 02 (2002)

Adaptive IIR lattice notch filter using a robust variable step-size for the detection of sinusoid in noise is presented. It is shown that the estimated frequency of the proposed algorithm for a single sinusoid is unbias, low variance and low mean square error (MSE) in both high and low signal to noise ratio (SNR) environments. Also, the proposed algorithm works well in high impulse noise environment. The computer simulations are presented to show the performances of the proposed adaptive notch filter.
GRAAL: A Fault-Tolerant Architecture for Enabling Nanometric Technologies
Authors: Michael Nicolaidis
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th IEEE International On-Line Testing Symposium (2007)

Silicon-based CMOS technologies are fast approaching their ultimate limits. By approaching these limits, power dissipation, fabrication yield, and reliability worsen steadily making further nanometric scaling increasingly difficult. These problems would stop further scaling of silicon-based CMOS technologies at channel lengths between 10 and 20 nm. But even before reaching this level of integration, these problems could become show-stoppers unless new techniques are introduced to maintain acceptable levels of power dissipation, yield and reliability. The paper describes the principles of GRAAL (Global Reliability Architecture Approach for Logic), a new fault tolerant architecture for logic designs. This architecture is aimed to provide a global solution for mitigating the flaws of deep nanometric technologies related to power dissipation, yield and reliability.
Specification-enhanced policies for automated management of changes in IT systems
Authors: Chetan Shankar, Vanish Talwar, Subu Iyer, Yuan Chen, Dejan Milojicić, Roy Campbell
Venue: Proceedings of the 20th conference on Large Installation System Administration (2006)

Enterprise and grid computing systems are complex and subject to a broad range of changes such as configuration updates, failures, and performance degradations. These changes affect infrastructure elements such as computation and storage nodes, applications, and system management elements such as monitoring infrastructures. Today's best practices in use by system administrators to manage these changes are manual and ad-hoc. In large complex installations, this would lead to high operational costs, broken closed loop automation, and reduced agility. Providing tools and mechanisms to administrators that automate the reaction to these changes is highly desirable and is an active research area. Policy-based management using Event-Condition-Action (ECA) rules is a well-known approach for such automated change management where management actions are executed when specified event-conditions are observed. In complex systems, the interdependence of components generates multiple events when a single change happens causing multiple rules to be triggered. The order of execution of rule actions determines the system behavior necessitating reasoning about execution order. ECA rules do not contain explicit action specifications needed for reasoning and are therefore unsuited for specifying management rules. In this paper, we propose a specification-enhanced ECA model called Event-Condition-Precondition-Action-Postcondition (ECPAP) for designing adaptation rules. ECPAP rules contain action specifications in first order predicate logic enabling us to develop reasoning algorithms to determine enforcement order of multiple rules. The enforcement order is represented as a Boolean Interpreted Petri Net workflow. We introduce a new notion called enforcement semantics that provides guarantees about rule ordering. We have built an adaptation framework using ECPAP model and have demonstrated it for automated change management of Ganglia and HP OpenView monitoring systems. The evaluation of the framework illustrates the significance of the ECPAP model and demonstrates its applicability for managing complex IT environments.
Using TCL/TK for an automatic test engine
Authors: C. Allen Flick, James S. Dixson
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th conference on Annual Tcl/Tk Workshop, 1998 - Volume 6 (1998)

Test Automation Programming Interface with Object Controlled Authentication, TAPIoca, is a Tcl/Tk based automatic test environment. It grew out of the need to construct automatic tests at the system level that could send commands to a System Under Test (SUT), get responses from the SUT, and control signal generation equipment connected to the same SUT. Tcl/Tk was chosen as the basis for this automatic test environment because of the wealth and maturity of its "language" features, as well as its ease of extensibility.
Bandwidth-efficient packet transmission algorithm for Bluetooth scatternets
Authors: Shoie-Chyr Lin, Hsiao-Chiu Chu, Yu-Yen Chung
Venue: Proceedings of the The 8th International Conference on Communication Systems - Volume 02 (2002)

An algorithm that uses part of the X.25 protocol for circuit switching has been developed for data packet transmission in Bluetooth scatternets. The goal of this algorithm is to minimize the overhead on the data packet from the usual routing-type algorithms, as well as to efficiently transmit data packets through a Bluetooth scatternet without the prior information about the configuration of a scatternet.
Smartcard integration with Kerberos V5
Authors: Naomaru Itoi, Peter Honeyman
Venue: Proceedings of the USENIX Workshop on Smartcard Technology on USENIX Workshop on Smartcard Technology (1999)

We describe our design and implementation of smartcard integration with Kerberos V5. Authentication is among the most important applications for smartcards and is one of the critical requirements for computer security. By augmenting Kerberos V5 with tamper-resistant hardware, we enhance the security of Kerberos V5 and offer a potential "killer application" leading to wider adoption of smartcard technology.
On the Necessity of Empirical Studies in the Assessment of Modularization Mechanisms for Crosscutting Concerns
Authors: Sven Apel, Christian Kastner, Salvador Trujillo
Venue: Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Assessment of Contemporary Modularization Techniques (2007)

Collaborations are a frequently occurring class of crosscutting concerns. Prior work has argued that collaborations are better implemented using Collaboration Languages (CLs) rather than AspectJ-like Languages (ALs). The main argument is that aspects flatten the objectoriented structure of a collaboration, and introduce more complexity rather than benefits - in other words, CLs and ALs differ with regard to program comprehension. To explore the effects of CL and AL modularization mechanisms on program comprehension, we propose to conduct a series of experiments. We present ideas on how to arrange such experiments that should serve as a starting point and foster a discussion with other researchers.
Combining stochastic and linguistic language models for recognition of spontaneous speech
Authors: W. Eckert, F. Gallwitz, H. Niemann
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 01 (1996)

We present a new approach of combining stochastic language models and traditional linguistic models to enhance the performance of our spontaneous speech recognizer. We compile arbitrary large linguistic context dependencies into a category based bigram model which allows us to use a standard beam-search driven forward Viterbi algorithm for real time decoding. Since this recognizer is used in a dialog system, the information about the last system utterance is used to build dialogstep dependent language models. This setup is verified and tested on our corpus of spontaneous speech utterances collected with our dialog system. Experimental results show a significant reduction of word error rate.
A Context-aware and Adaptive Learning Schedule framework for supporting learners' daily routines
Authors: Jane Yau, Mike Joy
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Systems (2007)

A learning context describes the current situation of a learner related to a learning activity, and continually changes in a mobile learning environment. As a result, context-awareness in mobile learning has become an essential part when designing more adaptive mobile learning systems. In this paper, we introduce our novel Contextaware and Adaptive Learning Schedule framework which makes use of a learning schedule to support the students' daily routines, adapts the activities to the student's learning styles and then selects the appropriate activity for the learner based on their current learning context.
Generalised Matrix Inversion by Successive Matrix Squaring
Authors: Lujuan Chen, E. V. Krishnamurthy, Iain Macleod
Venue: Proceedings of the 1993 International Conference on Parallel Processing - Volume 03 (1993)

This paper uses successive squaring of a composite matrix to approximate the generalised inverse of an m by n matrix A. For m \approx n, the g-inverse of A can be computed in parallel time ranging from O(log n) to O(log^{2}n). The simple structure of the successive matrix squaring algorithm leads to a straightforward parallel implementation. Test results are provided.
Taxonomy of Email Reputation Systems
Authors: Dmitri Alperovitch, Paul Judge, Sven Krasser
Venue: Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems Workshops (2007)

Today a common goal in the area of email security is to provide protection from a wide variety of threats by being more predictive instead of reactive and to identify legitimate messages in addition to illegitimate messages. There has been previous work in the area of email reputation systems that can accomplish these broader goals by collecting, analyzing, and distributing email entities' past behavior characteristics. In this paper, we provide taxonomy that examines the required properties of email reputation systems, identifies the range of approaches, and surveys previous work.
An Approach Based on Regression Line Features for Low Complexity Content Based Image Retrieval
Authors: R. Pradeep Kumar, P. Nagabhushan
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computing: Theory and Applications (2007)

Similarity matching is one of the important tasks in content based image retrieval systems. Similarity matching involves the computation of distance between the feature vectors characterizing the image samples. Conventional techniques like pixel based similarity matching are computationally costly and time consuming. In recent years the tremendous increase in multi media databases, especially image databases calls for fast and efficient image retrieval mechanisms. Multiresolution based approaches through multiresolution histograms and wavelet histograms proposed recently are proven to be computationally efficient. In this paper, we propose a methodology based on regression line features for further reducing the computational complexity of these multiresolution histogram based techniques.
Database and online adaptation for improved speech recognition in car environments
Authors: A. Fischer
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1999. on 1999 IEEE International Conference - Volume 01 (1999)

Data collections in the car environment require much more effort in terms of cost and time as compared to the telephone or the office environment. Therefore we apply supervised database adaptation from the telephone environment to the car environment to allow quick setup of car environment recognizers. Further reduction of word error rate is obtained by unsupervised online adaptation during recognition. We investigate the common techniques MLLR and MAP for that purpose. We give results on command word recognition in the car environment for all combinations of database and online adaptation in task-dependent and task-independent scenarios. The possibility of setting up speech recognizers for the car environment based on telephone data and a limited amount of adaptation material from the car environment is demonstrated.
RFID Security Issues in Military Supply Chains
Authors: Qinghan Xiao, Cam Boulet, Thomas Gibbons
Venue: Proceedings of the The Second International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security (2007)

Radio frequency identification (RFID) technologies have been used by the military to gain in-transit visibility and improve inventory management. The advantages of using RFID to track assets over using barcode have been broadly recognized. However, recent research has proven that RFID is vulnerable to attacks. This brings a challenge at a time when RFID systems are being employed in various applications, including military supply chain systems. In this paper, underlying vulnerabilities of RFID system are analyzed, different attacks that can be made against RFID system are illustrated, and countermeasures against the attacks are recommended. The objective of this article is to secure military logistics by identifying the common threats to RFID systems.