ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Path Reduction for Software Model Checking
Authors: Zijiang Yang, Bashar Al-Rawi, Karem Sakallah, Xiaowan Huang, Scott Smolka, Radu Grosu
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Integrated Formal Methods (2009)

We present the technique of dynamic path reduction (DPR), which allows one to prune redundant paths from the state space of a program under verification. DPR is based on the symbolic analysis of concrete executions. For each explored execution path &pi; that does not reach an abort statement, we repeatedly apply a weakest-precondition computation to accumulate the constraints associated with an infeasible sub-path derived from &pi; by taking the alternative branch to an if-then-else statement. We then use an SMT solver to learn the minimally unsatisfiable core of these constraints. By further learning the statements in &pi; that are critical to the sub-path&rsquo;s infeasibility as well as the control-flow decisions that must be taken to execute these statements, unexplored paths containing the same unsatisfiable core can be efficiently and dynamically pruned. DPR is a very general technique which we consider here in the context of the bounded model checking of sequential programs with nondeterministic conditionals. Our preliminary experimental results show that DPR can prune a significant percentage of execution paths, a percentage that grows with the size of the instance of the problem being considered.
Advancing supercomputer performance through interconnection topology synthesis
Authors: Yi Zhu, Michael Taylor, Scott B. Baden, Chung-Kuan Cheng
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer-Aided Design (2008)

In today's many-core era, the interconnection networks have been the key factor that dominates the performance of a computer system. In this paper, we propose a design flow to discover the best topology in terms of the communication latency and physical constraints. First a set of representative candidate topologies are generated for the interconnection networks among computing chips; then an efficient multi-commodity flow algorithm is devised to evaluate the performance. The experiments show that the best topologies identified by our algorithm can achieve better average latency compared to the existing networks.
Real-time delay estimation in call centers
Authors: Rouba Ibrahim, Ward Whitt
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Winter Simulation (2008)

We use computer simulation to study the performance of alternative real-time delay estimators in heavily loaded multiserver queueing models. These delay estimates may be used to make delay announcements in call centers and related service systems. We consider the classical delay estimator based on the queue length, QLs, which multiplies the queue length plus one times the mean interval between successive service completions, ignoring customer abandonment. We show that QLs has a superior performance in the GI/M/s model, but that there is a need to go beyond it in the GI/GI/s + GI model, allowing abandonment. To this end, we propose new, simple and effective, delay estimators based on the queue length. We also consider a delay estimator based on recent customer delay history in the system: the delay of the last customer to enter service, LES.
A Data Mining Approach to Modeling the Behaviors of Telecom Clients
Authors: Xiaodong Liu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Computer Engineering and Technology - Volume 01 (2009)

We begin this paper by describing our rationale and overall design of an exceptional client model based on data mining algorithm. Then, we continue by summarizing the simulation details and describing the type of results obtained from implementing the proposed system, which consists of three heterogeneous data mining algorithms. The idea behind the model is that three heterogeneous data mining algorithms are combined in the phase of data processing and one algorithm’s outcome is another algorithm’s input. By using the method of neural network, the exceptional client attribute weight is calculated based on the original dada. The characteristics of exceptional client are identified accordingly by using the method of decision tree based on the attribute weight. Then, the distinguishing model is generated adaptively on the basis of clustering. The combination of the three algorithms helps distinguish exceptional client effectively. It can not only alarm the existing system but also analyze and specify the data of exceptional client and consequently supports the distinguishing system
Deep-level defects study of arsenic-implanted ZnO single crystal
Authors: C. Y. Zhu, C. C. Ling, G. Brauer, W. Anwand, W. Skorupa
Venue: Microelectronics Journal (2009)

Unintentionally doped n-type zinc oxide (ZnO) single crystal was implanted by arsenic ions with fluence of 10^1^4cm^-^2 at room temperature followed by post-implantation annealing up to 900^oC. Rectifying property was not observed in the As-implanted or the post-implantation annealed samples. Au Schottky contact was fabricated on the samples with the H"2O"2 pre-treatment. Deep-level transient spectroscopy measurements were performed on the Schottky contacts to study the deep-level defects and their thermal evolution.
High Angular Resolution Diffusion MRI Segmentation Using Region-Based Statistical Surface Evolution
Authors: Maxime Descoteaux, Rachid Deriche
Venue: Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision (2009)

In this article we develop a new method to segment high angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI) data. We first estimate the orientation distribution function (ODF) using a fast and robust spherical harmonic (SH) method. Then, we use a region-based statistical surface evolution on this image of ODFs to efficiently find coherent white matter fiber bundles. We show that our method is appropriate to propagate through regions of fiber crossings and we show that our results outperform state-of-the-art diffusion tensor (DT) imaging segmentation methods, inherently limited by the DT model. Results obtained on synthetic data, on a biological phantom, on real datasets and on all 13 subjects of a public NMR database show that our method is reproducible, automatic and brings a strong added value to diffusion MRI segmentation.
Convergence analysis for a deformed Newton's method with third-order in Banach space under γ-condition
Authors: Yueqing Zhao, Qingbiao Wu
Venue: International Journal of Computer Mathematics (2009)

We establish the Newton-Kantorovich convergence theorem for a deformed Newton's method in Banach space under γ-condition, which is used to solve the nonlinear equation. We also present the error estimate. Finally, some examples are provided to show the application of our theorem.
The calibration method for stereoscopic vision system
Authors: Titov Vitaliy Semenovich, Degtyarev Sergey Viktorovich, Truphanov Maxim Igorevich
Venue: Machine Graphics Vision International Journal (2008)

Stereoscopic vision systems are used not only in visual design computing but also in many other applications. In stereoscopic vision, an important property is the accuracy of three-dimensional reconstruction. This property depends considerably on the quality of the vision system calibration. The known solutions to the calibration problem are based on determining calibration parameters from an image of a special pattern. Our method allows calibration of the stereoscopic vision without such a special pattern. The calibration includes the following basic stages: selection of an object used in the calibration (one a priori unknown object instead of a special model object) which is chosen from a set of objects existing in a working scene, calibration of the angles between two cameras which are part of the stereoscopic vision system, and calibration of the distances between two cameras. The calibration parameters are calculated with the aid of images of calibration objects. This approach allows us to perform an adaptive calibration of the vision system (automatic calibration is performed from time to time when necessary) because this process does not require placing of the special calibration object in the working scene, it does not interrupt execution of main function of the vision system and increases the calibration accuracy since possible errors which may be introduced during the placement of the calibration object do not affect the result of the calibration.
A simulation model to analyze the impact of hole size on putting in golf
Authors: Matulya Bansal, Mark Broadie
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Winter Simulation (2008)

We develop a model of golfer putting skill and combine it with physics-based putt trajectory and holeout models to study the impact of doubling the radius of the hole on the putting performance of professional and amateur golfers. The putting skill model reflects golfer execution errors, i.e., that golfers cannot hit the ball at exactly their intended velocity and direction. A green reading skill model reflects a golfer's inability to perfectly estimate the slope or contour of the putting surface. The model is calibrated to professional and amateur putting data. Optimal putting strategies are computed using stochastic dynamic programming. Quasi-Monte Carlo and other methods are used to speed up computations. Doubling the hole radius improves the putting performance of both professional and amateur golfers, as expected. However, the improvement for amateur golfers is shown to be relatively larger than for professionals.
Fuzzy rule extraction by bacterial memetic algorithms
Authors: J. Botzheim, C. Cabrita, L. T. Kóczy, A. E. Ruano
Venue: International Journal of Intelligent Systems (2009)

In our previous papers, fuzzy model identification methods were discussed. The bacterial evolutionary algorithm for extracting fuzzy rule base from a training set was presented. The Levenberg&ndash;Marquardt method was also proposed for determining membership functions in fuzzy systems. The combination of the evolutionary and the gradient-based learning techniques is usually called memetic algorithm. In this paper, a new kind of memetic algorithm, the bacterial memetic algorithm, is introduced for fuzzy rule extraction. The paper presents how the bacterial evolutionary algorithm can be improved with the Levenberg&ndash;Marquardt technique. &copy; 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Electrical property dependence on thickness and morphology of nanocrystalline diamond thin films
Authors: T. Iák, M. Vojs, M. Veselý, J. Škriniarová, I. Novotný, M. Michalka, R. Redhammer
Venue: Microelectronics Journal (2009)

In this study, we investigate the influence of nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) thin film morphology and thickness on their electrical properties. NCD films are grown on p-type Si substrates with varied thicknesses from 250 to 788nm. Electrical contacts are formed from combination of Ti/Au metal layers (100nm thick each). The I-V and breakdown field measurements are used to analyze the electrical properties of metal/NCD/Si sandwich structure. In addition, NCD films are analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy for better interpretation of the I-V measurements.
Brief paper: Optimal switching instants for a switched-capacitor DC/DC power converter
Authors: R. C. Loxton, K. L. Teo, V. Rehbock, W. K. Ling
Venue: Automatica (Journal of IFAC) (2009)

We consider a switched-capacitor DC/DC power converter with variable switching instants. The determination of optimal switching instants giving low output ripple and strong load regulation is posed as a non-smooth dynamic optimization problem. By introducing a set of auxiliary differential equations and applying a time-scaling transformation, we formulate an equivalent optimization problem with semi-infinite constraints. Existing algorithms can be applied to solve this smooth semi-infinite optimization problem. The existence of an optimal solution is also established. For illustration, the optimal switching instants for a practical switched-capacitor DC/DC power converter are determined using this approach.
An M-Taiwan experience on mobile WiMAX
Authors: Yun-Sheng Yen, Hui-Mi Hsu, Hao-Hsien Chen
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Mobile Technology, Applications, and Systems (2008)

The wireless technologies and applications are developed very quickly in recent year. With the rapid development and enhancement on wireless technology, the wireless keeps expanding and increasing its deployed has become more sophisticated and competitive. Taiwan grapples with the challenge from the new wireless technologies and is making their endeavor upon this issue. In this paper, we introduce about M-Taiwan project for mobile WiMAX and describle the mobile WiMAX trial in M-Yilan for its architecture. Moreover, we survey some measurement indexes and tools to measure its performance. For the measurement of effective range of mobile WiMAX coverage, we propose a new method that generates the interpolation surface for the measurements of received signal strength indicator RSSI and CINR. Interpolation predicts values for cells in a raster can be used to predict unknown values for any measured point of received signal strength.
New representations in DNA repeats detection
Authors: Petre G. Pop
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th conference on Signal processing, computational geometry and artificial vision (2008)

The presence of repeated sequences is a fundamental feature of biological genomes. The detection of tandem repeats is important in biology and medicine as it can be used for phylogenic studies and disease diagnosis. This paper presents results obtained by combining grey level spectrograms with two novel numerical representations to isolate position and length of DNA repeats.
Monolithic Multi-mode DC-DC Converter with Gate Voltage Optimization
Authors: Nuno Dias, Marcelino Santos, Floriberto Lima, Beatriz Borges, Júlio Paisana
Venue: Integrated Circuit and System Design. Power and Timing Modeling, Optimization and Simulation: 18th International Workshop, PATMOS 2008, Lisbon, Portugal, September 10-12, 2008. Revised Selected Papers (2009)

This paper presents a detailed study of the gate driving losses on a multi-mode Step-Down (Buck) DC-DC converter. These gate driving losses are compared to the conduction resistive losses in order to find the optimum gate driving voltage that maximizes the converter's efficiency. It is shown that gate voltage scaling control can be simplified to a unique step while still achieving efficiencies over 90% at output currents as low as 10mA. Simulation results of a 600mA, 2MHz Step-Down commercial converter, implemented in a 65nm technology, are shown validating the developed models and proposed control methodology.
Transactional memory with strong atomicity using off-the-shelf memory protection hardware
Authors: Martín Abadi, Tim Harris, Mojtaba Mehrara
Venue: Proceedings of the 14th ACM SIGPLAN symposium on Principles and practice of parallel programming (2009)

This paper introduces a new way to provide strong atomicity in an implementation of transactional memory. Strong atomicity lets us offer clear semantics to programs, even if they access the same locations inside and outside transactions. It also avoids differences between hardware-implemented transactions and software-implemented ones. Our approach is to use off-the-shelf page-level memory protection hardware to detect conflicts between normal memory accesses and transactional ones. This page-level mechanism ensures correctness but gives poor performance because of the costs of manipulating memory protection settings and receiving notifications of access violations. However, in practice, we show how a combination of careful object placement and dynamic code update allows us to eliminate almost all of the protection changes. Existing implementations of strong atomicity in software rely on detecting conflicts by conservatively treating some non-transactional accesses as short transactions. In contrast, our page-level mechanism lets us be less conservative about how non-transactional accesses are treated; we avoid changes to non-transactional code until a possible conflict is detected dynamically, and we can respond to phase changes where a given instruction sometimes generates conflicts and sometimes does not. We evaluate our implementation with C# versions of many of the STAMP benchmarks, and show how it performs within 25% of an implementation with weak atomicity on all the benchmarks we have studied. It avoids pathological cases in which other implementations of strong atomicity perform poorly.
The use of performance models in systematic design
Authors: K. M. Chandy, J. Misra, R. Berry, D. Neuse
Venue: Proceedings of the June 7-10, 1982, national computer conference (1982)

The paper describes a top-down methodology for evaluating the performance of computer/communication systems and describes tools that help in implementing the methodology. It also deals with performance analysis during the design of new hardware and/or software systems. The goal of the methodology is to detect and correct performance problems early in the design cycle.
Reserve-constrained multiarea environmental/economic dispatch based on particle swarm optimization with local search
Authors: Lingfeng Wang, Chanan Singh
Venue: Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence (2009)

The objective of economic dispatch (ED) is to minimize the total operational cost while satisfying the operational constraints of power systems. Multiarea economic dispatch (MAED) deals with the optimal power dispatch of multiple areas. In this investigation, multiarea environmental/economic dispatch (MAEED) is proposed to address the environmental issue during the ED. Its target is to dispatch the power among different areas by simultaneously minimizing the operational costs and pollutant emissions. In this paper, the MAEED problem is first formulated and then an improved multiobjective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) algorithm is developed to derive a set of Pareto-optimal solutions. In the proposed version of MOPSO, local search is used to increase its search efficiency. To ensure the system security, tie-line transfer limits between different areas are incorporated as a set of constraints in the optimization process. Moreover, the reserve-sharing scheme is applied to ensure that each area is able to fulfill its reserve requirement. Numerical studies based on a four-area test power generation system are carried out to demonstrate the validity of the proposed optimization method as well as the results from different problem formulations. Comparative results with respect to other optimization methods are also presented.
Objective Quality Metric Based on Perception for Video
Authors: Chunting Yang, Lian Zhao, Zaiyi Liao
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Computer Engineering and Technology - Volume 02 (2009)

Objective quality assessment plays a very important role in the video applications, as they promise the means to evaluate the performance of acquisition, display, coding and communication systems. Objective video quality assessment still has a long way to go before it reaches the level of success. In this paper, we propose novel quality metrics for video sequences. These metrics are capable of capturing spatial distortions in video sequences, in addition to temporal artifacts. And they can quantify the spatial distortion and differentiate the type of distortion. Furthermore the metrics correlate well with the subjective quality measures because perception distortions of human have been taken into consideration. Experimental results show that our perceptual quality metric performs better than the existing methods.
Workshop report from IEEE VR 2007: future standards for immersive VR
Authors: Nicholas F. Polys, Don Brutzman, Anthony Steed, Johannes Behr
Venue: ACM SIGGRAPH ASIA 2008 courses (2008)

The motivation for this workshop was to create shared understanding between the Virtual Reality (VR) and Web3D communities. While the two fields of Web-based 3D graphics and VR 3D graphics have tended to view their technology as different beasts, they have many of the same requirements regarding virtual world content: modeling, lighting, animation, interaction, and direct manipulation. This workshop focused on common interests regarding the seamless access and delivery of interactive, network-based VR content and resources. Presentations and discussions looked at the philosophies and feature sets of various scene graph tools, including ISO-based scene-graph standards such as X3D/VRML in immersive contexts. The principal thematic question examined was: what are common requirements for a data archive format that provides expressive run-time application behavior? Through multiple tool and application examples, contributors examined commonalities and differences between these two important communities, and developed a workable roadmap of cross-community education and common effort.
Fundamentals of Electric Circuits, 4th edition
Authors: Charles Alexander, Matthew Sadiku
Venue:  (2008)

Alexander and Sadiku's third edition of "Fundamentals of Electric Circuits" continues in the spirit of its successful previous editions, with the objective of presenting circuit analysis in a manner that is clearer, more interesting, and easier to understand than the competition. Students are introduced to the sound, six-step problem solving methodology in chapter one, and are consistently made to apply and practice these steps in practice problems and homework problems throughout the text and online using the KCIDE software. A balance of theory, worked examples and extended examples, practice problems, and real-world applications, combined with over 300 new homework problems for the third edition and robust media offerings, renders the third edition the most comprehensive and student-friendly approach to linear circuit analysis. Key feature of this book is: it's all about Alexanders problem solving approach - supported with unmatched quantity and quality of problems - which sets this text apart from the traditional circuits texts.
Predictability of a Human Partner in a Pursuit Tracking Task without Haptic Feedback
Authors: Raphaela Groten, Jens Hölldampf, Angelika Peer, Martin Buss
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Second International Conferences on Advances in Computer-Human Interactions (2009)

We are interested in whether humans create a model of their partner when they jointly manipulate an object in a virtual task without haptic feedback. In such a scenario the partner is perceived as a disturbance because she/he is responsible for inconsistencies between the visual and proprioceptive feedback of the individual. To gain basic knowledge on the predictability of such disturbances we compare a pre-recorded human partner with predictable (time delay) and unpredictable (random) disturbances and two additional control conditions in a pursuit tracking task. Results indicate that the influence of the pre-recorded partner is partly predictable, therefore we assume that a model of the partner's behavior is built by the human.
Designing simulation experiments with controllable and uncontrollable factors
Authors: Christian Dehlendorff, Murat Kulahci, Klaus Kaae Andersen
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Winter Simulation (2008)

In this study we propose a new method for designing computer experiments inspired by the split plot designs used in physical experimentation. The basic layout is that each set of controllable factor settings corresponds to a whole plot for which a number of subplots, each corresponding to one combination of settings of the uncontrollable factors, is employed. The caveat is a desire that the subplots within each whole plot cover the design space uniformly. A further desire is that in the combined design, where all experimental runs are considered at once, the uniformity of the design space coverage should be guaranteed. Our proposed method allows for a large number of uncontrollable and controllable settings to be run in a limited number of runs while uniformly covering the design space for the uncontrollable factors.