ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Feedback error learning and nonlinear adaptive control
Authors: Jun Nakanishi, Stefan Schaal
Venue: Neural Networks (2004)

In this paper, we present our theoretical investigations of the technique of feedback error learning (FEL) from the viewpoint of adaptive control. We first discuss the relationship between FEL and nonlinear adaptive control with adaptive feedback linearization, and show that FEL can be interpreted as a form of nonlinear adaptive control. Second, we present a Lyapunov analysis suggesting that the condition of strictly positive realness (SPR) associated with the tracking error dynamics is a sufficient condition for asymptotic stability of the closed-loop dynamics. Specifically, for a class of second order SISO systems, we show that this condition reduces to K2D > Kp, where Kp, and KD) are positive position and velocity feedback gains, respectively. Moreover, we provide a 'passivity'-based stability analysis which suggests that SPR of the tracking error dynamics is a necessary and sufficient condition for asymptotic hyperstability. Thus, the condition K2D > Kp mentioned above is not only a sufficient but also necessary condition to guarantee asymptotic hyperstability of FEL, i.e. the tracking error is bounded and asymptotically converges to zero. As a further point, we explore the adaptive control and FEL framework for feedforward control formulations, and derive an additional sufficient condition for asymptotic stability in the sense of Lyapunov. Finally, we present numerical simulations to illustrate the stability properties of FEL obtained from our mathematical analysis.
An Image Authentication Scheme Considering Privacy $#8212; A First Step towards Surveillance Camera Authentication
Authors: Nobutaka Kawaguchi, Shintaro Ueda, Naohiro Obata, Hiroshi Shigeno, Ken-ichi Okada
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications - Volume 2 (2005)

In this paper we propose an authentication scheme considering privacy aimed for JPEG images. A picture from a surveillance camera must be authenticated when submitted to a third party, such as a legal organization, courts and so on. On one hand, privacy of objects in the picture must be considered. Therefore, mosaic and masking must be performed to the picture if needed. Our scheme authenticate JPEG picture, where parts are processed by mosaic and masking. Our scheme uses Merkle tree and Sandhu tree and acheives small overhead size needed to authenticate the processed picture.
Formal Development of Real-Time Priority-Based Schedulers
Authors: Cristina Cerschi Seceleanu
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th IEEE International Conference and Workshops on Engineering of Computer-Based Systems (2005)

We introduce a deductive method for constructing real-time scheduling programs, based on continuous action systems and the higher-order logic of the refinement calculus. The schedulability goal is a guarantee that all the tasks meet their deadlines, at run-time. This analysis reduces to checking that "always" temporal properties hold on the task set, by enforcing adequate invariance properties. The initial, conjunctive model of the real-time system is further transformed, through refinement, into a program that obeys a specific scheduling policy. We exemplify our method on the Deadline-Monotonic and the Earliest-Deadline-First algorithms.
MUC-3 linguistic phenomena test experiment
Authors: Nancy Chinchor
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd conference on Message understanding (1991)

The evaluation of data extraction systems can be supplemented by determining performance of the systems on a representative selection of linguistic phenomena. The experiment performed as part of the MUC-3 evaluation was aimed at determining whether linguistic phenomena can be tested in isolation for state-of-the-art data extraction. Although not all of the methods of data extraction used by the participants in MUC-3 directly process linguistic phenomena, the methods are dealing with those phenomena in some manner because they are present in the input. Phenomena testing in MUC-3 is testing according to the characteristics of the messages rather than characteristics of the systems processing those messages. In order to determine the validity of phenomena testing at the current level of system performance, an experiment was run. The results of the experiment indicate that linguistic phenomena are isolatable and that performance for linguistic phenomena can be measured using the MUC-3 scoring system.
The State of Medical Informatics in India: A Roadmap for Optimal Organization
Authors: Suptendra Nath Sarbadhikari
Venue: Journal of Medical Systems (2005)

In India, the healthcare delivery systems are based on manual record keeping despite a good telecommunication infrastructure. Unfortunately, Indian policy makers are yet to realize the importance of medical informatics (including tele-health, which comprises e-Health and Telemedicine) in delivering healthcare. In the medical curriculum also, nowhere is this treated as a subject or even as a tool for learning. The final aim of most of the medical and paramedical students should be to become good users, and if possible, also experts for advancing medical knowledge base through medical informatics. In view of the fast changing world of medical informatics, it is essential to formulate a flexible syllabus rather than a rigid one for incorporating into the regular curriculum of medical and paramedical education. Only after that one may expect all members of the healthcare delivery systems to adopt and apply medical informatics optimally as a routine tool for their services.
Visualization in law enforcement
Authors: Hsinchun Chen, Homa Atabakhsh, Chunju Tseng, Byron Marshall, Siddharth Kaza, Shauna Eggers, Hemanth Gowda, Ankit Shah, Tim Petersen, Chuck Violette
Venue: CHI '05 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing systems (2005)

Visualization techniques have proven to be critical in helping crime analysis. By interviewing and observing Criminal Intelligence Officers (CIO) and civilian crime analysts at the Tucson Police Department (TPD), we found that two types of tasks are important for crime analysis: crime pattern recognition and criminal association discovery. We developed two separate systems that provide automatic visual assistance on these tasks. To help identify crime patterns, a Spatial Temporal Visualization (STV) system was designed to integrate a synchronized view of three types of visualization techniques: a GIS view, a timeline view and a periodic pattern view. The Criminal Activities Network (CAN) system extracts, visualizes and analyzes criminal relationships using spring-embedded and blockmodeling algorithms. This paper discusses the design and functionality of these two systems and the lessons learned from the development process and interaction with law enforcement officers.
Effectiveness of directional vibrotactile cuing on a building-clearing task
Authors: Robert W. Lindeman, John L. Sibert, Erick Mendez-Mendez, Sachin Patil, Daniel Phifer
Venue: Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems (2005)

This paper presents empirical results to support the use of vibrotactile cues as a means of improving user performance on a spatial task. In a building-clearing exercise, directional vibrotactile cues were employed to alert subjects to areas of the building that they had not yet cleared, but were currently exposed to. Compared with performing the task without vibrotactile cues, subjects were exposed to uncleared areas a smaller percentage of time, and cleared more of the overall space, when given the added vibrotactile stimulus. The average length of each exposure was also significantly less when vibrotactile cues were present.
On obfuscating point functions
Authors: Hoeteck Wee
Venue: Proceedings of the thirty-seventh annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing (2005)

We investigate the possibility of obfuscating point functions in the framework of Barak et al. from Crypto '01. A point function is a Boolean function that assumes the value 1 at exactly one point. Our main results are as follows:We provide a simple construction of efficient obfuscators for point functions for a slightly relaxed notion of obfuscation, for which obfuscating general circuits is nonetheless impossible. Our construction relies on the existence of a very strong one-way permutation, and yields the first non-trivial obfuscator under general assumptions in the standard model. We also obtain obfuscators for point functions with multi-bit output and for prefix matching.Our assumption is that there is a one-way permutation wherein any polynomial-sized circuit inverts the permutation on at most a polynomial number of inputs. We show that a similar assumption is in fact necessary, and that our assumption holds relative to a random permutation oracle.Finally, we establish two impossibility results which indicate that the limitations on our construction, namely simulating only adversaries with single-bit output and using nonuniform advice in our simulator, are in some sense inherent.Previous work gave negative results for the general class of circuits (Barak et al., Crypto '01) and positive results in the random oracle model (Lynn et al., Eurocrypt '04) or under non-standard number-theoretic assumptions (Canetti, Crypto '97). This work represents the first effort to bridge the gap between the two for a natural class of functionalities.
The use of a multimedia lesson to increase novice programmers' understanding of programming array concepts
Authors: Jim McKeown
Venue: Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges (2004)

The methods used to teach introductory computer programming to college students are becoming outdated. The use of a multimedia lesson, delivered prior to classroom lectures or following classroom instruction was investigated for its effectiveness in developing the mental models of students. This was a quantitative study of the effects of a multimedia lesson on the mental models and conceptual knowledge of novice computer programming students in an introductory programming course. One group received a multimedia lesson prior to lectures. The other group received instruction prior to using the lesson. The order of the treatment made a significant difference on their pretest or posttest scores. Both groups saw significant gains in their posttest scores. Students in both groups also experienced significant improvement in their mental models of programming arrays.
Configuring CallManager and Unity: A Step-by-Step Guide
Authors: David Bateman
Venue:  (2005)

An indispensable step-by-step configuration guide for IP Telephony professionalsï¾ Includes step-by-step configuration instructions for CallManager features and Unity administration tasks Demonstrates how to deploy devices and implement your dial plan Covers Call Admission Control features and class of service Examines different subscriber types and how subscribers are added, imported, and managed Includes step-by-step instructions for call handling and auto attendant configuration Describes how to use Unity and CallManager together to deliver unique featuresTo properly deploy any type of technology, networking professionals must understand not only the technology but also how to configure and integrate it with other solutions. That's the key to Configuring CallManager and Unityï¾it focuses on the configuration issues associated with CallManager and Unity® deployments while ensuring that you understand the technologies behind your deployment.Configuring CallManager and Unity includes step-by-step guides that system administrators and other networking professionals can use in the field. These step-by-step instructions have been worked out by an author who has both taught and implemented Cisco® solutions in real-world situations, so coverage is comprehensive for both basic and complex implementations. You will find information that will assist in the configuration of CallManager-related tasks, such as device configuration, gateway implementation, and dial-plan creation to name a few. You will also find Unity-related configuration tasks, ranging from the basics, such as holiday and schedule configuration, to more involved tasks, such as Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) networking implementation. In addition to covering Unity and CallManager tasks, this book includes a chapter on leveraging the capabilities of both systems to create integrated solutions, such as a MeetMe conference manager.Tasks in Configuring CallManager and Unity are organized in the same order you would naturally perform them, and some tasks are cross-referenced with other required tasks for easy reference. You learn not only how to configure CallManager and Unity but also how to create a more feature-rich environment by leveraging CallManager and Unity features. Regardless of your specific needs, you'll find Configuring CallManager and Unity to be a timesaving tool when performing common or complicated configuration tasks.ï¾ ï¾ This IP communications book is part of the Cisco Press® Networking Technology Series. IP communications titles from Cisco Press help networking professionals understand voice and IP telephony technologies, plan and design converged networks, and implement network solutions for increased productivity.
Pruning-based, energy-optimal, deterministic I/O device scheduling for hard real-time systems
Authors: Vishnu Swaminathan, Krishnendu Chakrabarty
Venue: ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS) (2005)

Software-controlled (or dynamic) power management (DPM) in embedded systems has emerged as an attractive alternative to inflexible hardware solutions. However, DPM via I/O device scheduling for hard real-time systems has received relatively little attention. In this paper, we present an offline I/O device scheduling algorithm called energy-optimal device scheduler (EDS). For a given set of jobs, it determines the start time of each job such that the energy consumption of the I/O devices is minimized. EDS also ensures that no real-time constraint is violated. The device schedules are provably energy optimal under hard real-time job deadlines. Temporal and energy-based pruning are used to reduce the search space significantly. Since the I/O device scheduling problem is NP-complete, we also describe a heuristic called maximum device overlap (MDO) to generate near-optimal solutions in polynomial time. We present experimental results to show that EDS and MDO reduce the energy consumption of I/O devices significantly for hard real-time systems.
The emergence of the contextual role of the e-book in cognitive processes through an ecological and functional analysis
Authors: Thierry Morineau, Caroline Blanche, Laurence Tobin, Nicolas Guéguen
Venue: International Journal of Human-Computer Studies (2005)

An electronic book is a new means of presenting text, allowing downloading of documents and multiple readings on a portable computer. On the basis of an ecological and functional analysis of paper and electronic books with the Abstraction Hierarchy method, we tested the ability of a mobile e-book device to be an external memory trigger, assisting the recall of information content through its presence as a contextual index. In contrast to the classical experimental approach for research on reading and comprehension, we consider screen and paper as relevant cognitive tools per se. Specifically, we compare a book on a pocket computer and a paper book. Hypothesising that the physical reading support could serve as a contextual cue for memory, we experimented with groups of participants who could or could not see the support during recall. We measured the reading time, and the material later recalled was classified according to its cognitive nature. After recall, participants had to assess the sensory-motor properties of the reading support with the Osgood semantic differential and to note the humour level of the text. Results show that the e-book presence hinders recall of assimilated information whilst the presence of the paper support tends to facilitate it. Finally, we observed some correlation between sensory-motor assessment of the support and certain aspects of text cognitive processing: humour scoring, reading time and recall performance. These results lead us to conclude there is a critical relation between the sensory-motor experience of the support and the cognitive processing of the text content. This relationship might explain the positive or negative contextual effect of the support on recall performance.
Performance of DSWC diversity system using suboptimum adaptive switching threshold in independent and correlated nakagami-m fading channels: Letters
Authors: Manjeet S. Patterh, T. S. Kamal, B. S. Sohi
Venue: Wireless Communications Mobile Computing (2005)

The use of dual switched combining (DSWC) diversity reception scheme, for combating the detrimental effects of fading on digital transmissions, is popular due to its simpler implementation. The performance of switched diversity strategy is dependent on the selection of the switching threshold. But, for the analysis and design of the DSWC diversity system, the closed form analytical solution for optimum adaptive switching threshold is not possible for most of the modulation schemes in correlated fading environment. This letter presents an approximate, but simple and closed form, generic expression for adaptive switching threshold, called in this case as suboptimum adaptive switching threshold, in independent and correlated Nakagami-m fading channels for a wide range of binary and M-ary modulation schemes. It is shown that the average symbol error rate (ASER) performance obtained using this suboptimum adaptive switching threshold is almost same as obtained using optimum adaptive switching threshold. Copyright &copy; 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Hypersimulation-Based Learning Environment: SIMPLE
Authors: Junich Yoshizawa, Syoichi Muto, Takeo Ueda, Shogo Nishida
Venue: ACM SIGCHI Bulletin (1992)

Hypersimulator SIMPLE is a simulation-based learning environment (Fig. 1) to enhance operators' understanding of dynamics of complex systems, such as electric power systems. The hypersimulator is literally a simulator fused with a concept of hypertext. Our system design approach is an interface-centered approach based on the characteristics of operators' way of thinking and cognitive science.
A Wiki Paradigm for use in IT courses
Authors: Elharith Elrufaie, David A. Turner
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Technology: Coding and Computing (ITCC'05) - Volume II - Volume 02 (2005)

We present a system currently used by the department of Computer Science at the California State University, San Bernardino. The system extends the traditional wiki paradigm with features that make it useful as an instructional aid for IT courses. The most notable feature includes the use of strict XHTML for user input rather than traditional wiki markup. The use of XHTML serves three purposes: it requires IT students to learn XML syntax and concepts, it requires students to learn HTML, and it provides more flexibility to students and instructors when constructing pages. Additionally, we added other features not commonly found in wiki systems to better accommodate the needs of the classroom.
Reducing business surprises through proactive, real-time sensing and alert management
Authors: Mitchell A. Cohen, Jakka Sairamesh, Mao Chen
Venue: Proceedings of the 2005 workshop on End-to-end, sense-and-respond systems, applications and services (2005)

OEMs need to transform the way they do business in order to ensure better quality of products and services. Crucial failure symptom information is lost between the end consumers of products and the manufacturers. Manufacturers have access to this information but are typically unable to handle its volume in a timely fashion. However, using this data properly can result in diminished labor time in issue resolution, decreased warranty costs for manufacturers and improved customer retention. In this paper, we present a novel system for Proactive Real-Time Event and Alert Processing, which enhances an enterprise's ability to monitor, analyze and detect critical business events and situations. This capability can help improve operational efficiencies, reduce costs, streamline processing of business alerts, and enable the enterprise to react in a more timely fashion. The system can enable monitoring of near real-time, low-level, industrial sensor and controller events, and high-level events from underlying structured and semi-structured data. The alert system uses domain knowledge to enable processing the events in real-time, performing the appropriate analytics and evaluation on the events and alerting the right set of users. The alert and event processing system has been deployed and validated in real pilots with industry specific data. We are currently validating the scalability and performance of the alert system with many different information sources and high volume sensor information.
Chair's column
Authors: Austin Henderson, Peter Poison
Venue: ACM SIGCHI Bulletin (1991)

This is an exciting time for HCI. It is appearing everywhere. More and more industries are realizing the user interfaces are the key point of product differentiation. Disasters in controlling complex systems indicate that HCI is not an easy matter. The general public is becoming aware of HCI as a serious concern not only in product choice but more seriously in effecting, and indeed defining, the workplace and the home. HCI on the cover and in a lead article of Business Week was a subject that everyone is now beginning to understand as important in the everyday world.
An evaluation of landmarks for re-finding information on the web
Authors: Bonnie MacKay, Melanie Kellar, Carolyn Watters
Venue: CHI '05 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing systems (2005)

Re-finding information on the Web is a common yet often time consuming and challenging task. Even with the use of traditional bookmarks, which allow users to return to a previously visited page, it can be hard to re-find facts within that page. Furthermore, it is not uncommon for users to have long and unmanageable lists of bookmarks, making it difficult to identify the purpose of individual bookmarks. In this paper, we present an extension to traditional bookmarks called landmarks, a user-directed technique that aids users in returning to specific content within a previously visited web page. We investigate the efficiency of landmarks for re-finding information on web pages and present the findings of a study in which participants were first primed on two web pages and returned at a later date to re-find the information using both traditional bookmarks and landmarks.
The development of the C programming language
Authors: Dennis M. Ritchie
Venue: History of programming languages---II (1996)

The C programming language was devised in the early 1970s as a system implementation language for the nascent Unix operating system. Derived from the typeless language BCPL, it evolved a type structure; created on a tiny machine as a tool to improve a meager programming environment, it has become one of the dominant languages of today. This paper studies its evolution.