ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Tools for monitoring, visualizing, and refining collections of noisy documents
Authors: Daniel Lopresti, George Nagy
Venue: Proceedings of The Third Workshop on Analytics for Noisy Unstructured Text Data (2009)

Developing better systems for document image analysis requires understanding errors, their sources, and their effects. The interactions between various processing steps are complex, with details that can be obscured by the statistical methods that are employed in many cases. In this paper, we describe tools we are building to help the user view and understand the results of common document analysis procedures. Unlike existing platforms for ground-truthing page images, our system also allows users to visualize the results of automated error analyses. Recognition errors can be corrected interactively, with the effort to do so recorded as a measure that is useful in performance evaluation. Beyond this functionality for exploring error behavior, we consider how such tools could be designed to improve the quality of collections of badly recognized documents incrementally as users interact with them on a regular basis. We conclude by discussing topics for future research.
Theoretical Framework for Constructing Matching Algorithms in Biometric Authentication Systems
Authors: Manabu Inuma, Akira Otsuka, Hideki Imai
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Advances in Biometrics (2009)

In this paper, we propose a theoretical framework to construct matching algorithms for any biometric authentication systems. Conventional matching algorithms are not necessarily secure against strong intentional impersonation attacks such as wolf attacks. The wolf attack is an attempt to impersonate a genuine user by presenting a "wolf" to a biometric authentication system without the knowledge of a genuine user's biometric sample. A "wolf" is a sample which can be accepted as a match with multiple templates. The wolf attack probability (WAP) is the maximum success probability of the wolf attack, which was proposed by Une, Otsuka, Imai as a measure for evaluating security of biometric authentication systems [UOI1], [UOI2]. We present a principle for construction of secure matching algorithms against the wolf attack for any biometric authentication systems. The ideal matching algorithm determines a threshold for each input value depending on the entropy of the probability distribution of the (Hamming) distances. Then we show that if the information about the probability distribution for each input value is perfectly given, then our matching algorithm is secure against the wolf attack. Our generalized matching algorithm gives a theoretical framework to construct secure matching algorithms. How lower WAP is achievable depends on how accurately the entropy is estimated. Then there is a trade-off between the efficiency and the achievable WAP. Almost every conventional matching algorithm employs a fixed threshold and hence it can be regarded as an efficient but insecure instance of our theoretical framework. Daugman's algorithm proposed in [Da2] can also be regarded as a non-optimal instance of our framework.
Influences of bottom electrode TaN on electrical characteristics for metal-HfO2-metal capacitors
Authors: Tsung-Kuei Kang, Chia-Tung Chang, Cheng-Li Lin, Wen-Fa Wu
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2009)

For TaN-HfO"2-TaN"x capacitors, the effects of bottom electrode TaN"x with different nitrogen contents on electrical characteristics are exhibited. An obvious oxygen deficiency can be found in HfO"2 film by AES analysis for the sample with bottom electrode TaN"x sputtered at a N"2/(N"2+Ar) flow ratio of 10%. The bottom electrode TaN"x films with different nitrogen contents apparently affect HfO"2/TaN"x interfacial property and electrical characteristic of follow-up deposited HfO"2 film. Experimental results reveal that the more defective TaN"x structure can induce more oxygen vacancies in subsequently deposited HfO"2 film and result in a higher leakage current density and a worse breakdown electric field. Two factors affect these electrical characteristics including interfacial stress and oxygen vacancy. It indicates that interfacial stress due to various stochiometric TaN"x structure dominates the voltage linearity property of capacitance, but more leak paths and local field breakdown defects can be induced by interfacial stress and oxygen vacancy. Better electrical characteristics can be attained for the sample with bottom electrode TaN"x sputtered at a N"2/(N"2+Ar) flow ratio of 20%.
Authoring System of Digital Educational Content Based on Student Model Concerning Development Stage of Autistic Person
Authors: Hisashi Ogawa, Noriyuki Matsuda, Hirokazu Miura, Hirokazu Taki
Venue: Proceeding of the 2007 conference on Supporting Learning Flow through Integrative Technologies (2007)

This paper describes the production of digital educational content which is reflected development stage of each autistic person. There are issues to model learner's developmental stage and to reflect it to the digital educational content. Therefore, we propose student model which consists of three acknowledgement skills (Language, Figure, and Matching) and correspondence rules which describes the relation between the student model and the digital educational content. Then, we developed the authoring system which consists of the student model and the correspondence rules. Instructors evaluated this system. Effectiveness of the system is turned out by the evaluation.
Welfare losses in commodity storage games
Authors: Alan Holland
Venue: Proceedings of The 8th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems - Volume 2 (2009)

We develop a game theoretic model of a shared commodity storage facility whose injection/ejection and space resources have been allocated to multiple selfish firms. We assume a setting where each firms injectability and deliverability depend on overall inventory within the store. This is most common in settings that involve the storage of liquids or gases such as natural gas or oil. We analyze the strategic interaction that occurs in a pre-commitment game where firms commit to inject until a certain time and subsequently withdraw the commodity until it is exhausted. We contrast equilibrium and welfare maximizing outcomes whilst casting our analysis in terms of a natural gas storage facility. We also study the effects of incorporating a "use-it-or-lose-it" policy on overall welfare. Our results indicate that significant inefficiencies can occur in both settings.
Subcellular structure modeling and tracking for cell dynamics study
Authors: Jean Gao
Venue:  (2008)

The introduction of sensitive and fast electronic imaging devices and the development of biological methods to tag proteins of interest by green fluorescent proteins (GFP) have made a full understanding of live cell dynamics achievable. With the latest hardware technology, such as high speed laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM), it has now become critical to develop automatic quantitative data analysis tools to keep pace with and to fully exploit the functionalities of state-of-the-art hardware. One task of such tools is the motility analysis of subcellular structures. This dissertation provides a series of computational approaches for studying subcellular structure motility. Firstly, a semi-automatic single object tracking approach using sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) method is developed. To achieve reliable tracking, a flow of criterion for object feature selection, matching, and evaluation criteria are designed: a grid-based minimum variance (GMV) feature selection rule, a mean minimum to maximum ratio (MMMR) similarity measurement, and the feature evaluation tests by feature convergence ratio (FCVR) and feature consistence ratio (FCSR). Secondly, to handle complex scenario of multiple interacting subcellular structure motion, we apply reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo (RJMCMC) method to sample the distribution of the dimension varying joint state which is the combination of the states of multiple individual subcellular structures. Five RJMCMC moves are constructed, including object appear move, disappear move, update move, height swap move, and identity swap move. The evolution of each individual state in the joint state is sampled by the update move. In order to deal with the random appearance locations of subcellular structures, a marker residual image guided appearance model is proposed to detect the newly appearing object, and the appear move and the disappear move are applied to generate samples resulting from the new object appearance. To prevent the RJMCMC sampling from being trapped at the local maxima, the identity swap move is also constructed. The proposed RJMCMC SMC tracking approach is applied to numerous time-lapse LSCM video sequence tracking in both 2D+T and 3D+T domains. Finally, from a perspective different from the SMC framework, we model the multiple object tracking as a bipartite graph matching problem between the consecutive image frames. To save the possible high cost of graph matching, a Markov chain Monte Carlo data association (MCMCDA) method with deletion move, switch move, and addition move is developed to approximate the optimal solution.
TCPN-Based Tool for Timing Constraints Modelling and Validation
Authors: Sławomir Samolej, Tomasz Szmuc
Venue: Proceeding of the 2005 conference on Software Engineering: Evolution and Emerging Technologies (2005)

A new software tool for hard real-time system timing constraint modelling and validation is presented. The tool consists of a set of predefined timed coloured Petri net (TCPN) structures. The structures include built-in mechanisms, which detect missing timing constraints and make it possible to validate the timing correctness of the modelled system. The final model of the system is a hierarchical TCPN following the execution and simulation rules of CPN/Design software. The paper focuses on presenting the construction of the software tool and the guidelines for applying it in real-time system development.
Toward iconic vibrotactile information display using floor surfaces
Authors: Yon Visell, Alvin Law, Jeremy R. Cooperstock
Venue: Proceedings of the World Haptics 2009 - Third Joint EuroHaptics conference and Symposium on Haptic Interfaces for Virtual Environment and Teleoperator Systems (2009)

This paper presents our preliminary research on haptic displays integrated in floor surfaces. We emphasize potential roles for the latter as vibrotactile communication channels that might be seamlessly integrated in everyday environments. We describe the interactive floor component that is the platform for our research, and an application we have developed to support the design of vibrotactile icon sets for display with the device. The results of a preliminary evaluation of this display method are presented, and future directions for this research are described.
Unsupervised anomaly detection with minimal sensing
Authors: Benjamin T. Fine
Venue: Proceedings of the 47th Annual Southeast Regional Conference (2009)

With the growing age of the baby-boomer generation and the rising cost of healthcare, it is becoming exceedingly difficult to give proper care and daily supervision to the elderly. The ability to detect anomalies in a subject's behavioral patterns based on minimal sensor data, will allow for a low cost sensor network to be placed into the subject's environment to provide this supervision. In this paper, we will discuss our approach for anomaly detection using a clustering algorithm on a minimal spanning tree and why this approach is more robust than statistical analysis. We will discuss the possible applications for such a system and will show that our method has a high success rate on both field and synthetic data.
A speed and accuracy comparative study of metallic collector-up InP/InGaAsP/InGaAs HBT neural model for small signal equivalent circuit parameters extraction
Authors: Alireza Rastegar Abbasalizadeh, Babak Mohammadian, Pourya Roozban, Ali Yazdipour
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th WSEAS international conference on Signal processing, robotics and automation (2009)

In this paper we compare different architectures of Multi-Layer Perception (MLP) and radial basis function (RBFN) neural networks to model metallic collector-up InP/InGaAsP/InGaAs HBT small signal equivalent circuit parameters. It is proved that RBFN provides much better performance than MLP neural networks when it comes to this type of modeling. First, different architectures of MLP networks are created to determine the best topology and training algorithm in term of convergence speed and accuracy. Then, the MLP network, are compared to the best RBFN neural network in terms of speed and accuracy. Simulation results are presented in tables and figures for better understanding. All test and simulations for the MLP and RBFN are done using Matlab's Neural Network toolbox.
On building secure SCADA systems using security patterns
Authors: Eduardo B. Fernandez, Jie Wu, M. M. Larrondo-Petrie, Yifeng Shao
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th Annual Workshop on Cyber Security and Information Intelligence Research: Cyber Security and Information Intelligence Challenges and Strategies (2009)

Critical infrastructure systems are important systems that support our daily lives. Protecting these systems is attracting attention from the research community. The key component of a critical infrastructure system is the process control system, also known as the supervisory, control, and data acquisition (SCADA) system. On the other hand, security patterns are a well established concept that are used to analyze, construct and evaluate secure systems. This paper aims to propose methods to build a secure SCADA system using security patterns. In this paper, we study the architecture of a general SCADA system and analyze the potential attacks against it. Also, we use security patterns as a tool to design a secure SCADA system that is resistant to these attacks. We believe our research work lays a new direction for future research on secure SCADA systems.
GO! with Microsoft Publisher 2007, Brief, 1st edition
Authors: Shelley Gaskin
Venue:  (2007)

For Introductory Computer courses in Microsoft Publisher 2007 or courses in Computer Concepts with a lab component for Microsoft Office 2007 applications. Teach the course YOU want in LESS TIME! The primary goal of the GO! Series, aside from teaching computer applications, is ease of implementation, with an approach that is based on clearly-defined projects for students and a one of a kind supplements package. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Phoenix: Towards an Accurate, Practical and Decentralized Network Coordinate System
Authors: Yang Chen, Xiao Wang, Xiaoxiao Song, Eng Keong Lua, Cong Shi, Xiaohan Zhao, Beixing Deng, Xing Li
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th International IFIP-TC 6 Networking Conference (2009)

Network coordinate (NC) system allows efficient Internet distance prediction with scalable measurements. Most of the NC systems are based on embedding hosts into a low dimensional Euclidean space. Unfortunately, the accuracy of predicted distances is largely hurt by the persistent occurrence of Triangle Inequality Violation (TIV) in measured Internet distances. IDES is a dot product based NC system which can tolerate the constraints of TIVs. However, it cannot guarantee the predicted distance non-negative and its prediction accuracy is close to the Euclidean distance based NC systems. In this paper, we propose Phoenix, an accurate, practical and decentralized NC system. It adopts a weighted model adjustment to achieve better prediction accuracy while it ensures the predicted distances to be positive and usable. Our extensive Internet trace based simulation shows that Phoenix can achieve higher prediction accuracy than other representative NC systems. Furthermore, Phoenix has fast convergence and robustness over measurement anomalies.
Point defects in Al2O3 and their impact on gate stacks
Authors: J. R. Weber, A. Janotti, C. G. Van de Walle
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2009)

We consider Al"2O"3 as a possible gate-stack material, and study defects in the low density @k-phase. The choice of the @k-Al"2O"3 phase is based on the similarity of its density to that of amorphous Al"2O"3. We analyze native point defects such as vacancies, self-interstitials, and antisites. Our first-principles calculations are based on density functional theory in the local density approximation. Hybrid functionals were utilized as a means of overcoming the band-gap problem. This approach allows us to accurately assess the positions of defect levels. We use calculated band offsets to make predictions about the location of these defect levels with respect to the band edges of relevant semiconductors used as channel materials. We will discuss which defects may impede the optimal performance of devices.
Creating dream.Medusa to Encourage Dialogue in Performance
Authors: Robyn Taylor, Pierre Boulanger, Patrick Olivier
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Smart Graphics (2009)

In a lucid dream, a dreamer becomes conscious that she can interact with and control events in the dream environment. Using gestural control devices and responsive video visualization of vocal interaction, our interactive performance, dream.Medusa, invites four participants selected from the observing audience to experience a simulated lucid dream. The participatory nature of the dream.Medusa performance facilitates a dialogical exchange between performer and participants in order to collaboratively create an aesthetic experience.
Lyapunov-Based Nonlinear Disturbance Observer for Serial n-Link Robot Manipulators
Authors: Amin Nikoobin, Reza Haghighi
Venue: Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems (2009)

In this paper we extend the work done by Chen et al. (IEEE Trans Ind Electron 47(4):932---938, 2000) which proposed a nonlinear disturbance observer for two-link robot manipulators to n-link robot manipulators. A general form of dynamic equations of serial n-link robot manipulator is considered, and the stability analysis of the proposed observer is performed by using Lyapunov's direct method. Although it seems that the formulation of disturbance observer is easy to derive, choosing the disturbance observer gain to guarantee stability is really hard. In this paper it is shown that the design parameter can be selected depends on the maximum velocity and physical parameters of robot manipulator to guarantee the global asymptotic stability of the disturbance observer. Using this nonlinear disturbance observer, no accurate dynamic model is required to achieve high precision motion control, because it makes the system robust against internal disturbances such as unmodeled dynamics and external disturbances such as friction in joints. The effectiveness of the proposed observer is investigated by numerical simulation for three-Dofs robot manipulator. In fact, controller with disturbance observer has more superior tracking performance, with a wide range of payloads and in the presence of friction in joints. It is also found that, although the proposed observer is designed for slow varying disturbances, it can estimate rapid time varying disturbances very well.
Conceptual hierarchies matching: an approach based on discovery of implication rules between concepts
Authors: Jérôme David, Fabrice Guillet, Régis Gras, Henri Briand
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on ECAI 2006: 17th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence August 29 -- September 1, 2006, Riva del Garda, Italy (2006)

Most research works about ontology or schema matching are based on symmetric similarity measures. By transposing the association rules paradigm, we propose to use asymmetric measures in order to enhance matching. We suggest an extensional and asymmetric matching method based on the discovery of significant implications between concepts described in textual documents. We use a probabilistic model of deviation from independence, named implication intensity. Our method is divided into two consecutive stages: (1) the extraction in documents of relevant terms for each concept; (2) the discovery of significant implications between the concepts. Our method is tested on two benchmarks. The results show that some relevant relations, ignored by a similarity-based matching, can be found thanks to our approach.
Open Source AI
Authors: Bill Hibbard
Venue: Proceeding of the 2008 conference on Artificial General Intelligence 2008: Proceedings of the First AGI Conference (2008)

Machines significantly more intelligent than humans will require changes in our legal and economic systems in order to preserve something of our human values. An open source design for artificial intelligence (AI) will help this process by discouraging corruption, by enabling many minds to search for errors, and by encouraging political cooperation. The author's experience developing open source software provides anecdotal evidence for the healthy social effects of open source development.
Thesaurus-based Retrieval of Case Law
Authors: Michel C. A. Klein, Wouter van Steenbergen, Elisabeth M. Uijttenbroek, Arno R. Lodder, Frank van Harmelen
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on Legal Knowledge and Information Systems: JURIX 2006: The Nineteenth Annual Conference (2006)

In the context of intelligent disclosure of case law, we report on our findings on methods for retrieving relevant case law within the domain of tort law from a repository of 68.000 court verdicts. We apply a thesaurus-based technique to find specific legal situations. It appears that statistical measures of term relevance are insufficient, but that explicit knowledge about specific formulations used in law and case law are required to distinguish relevant case law from irrelevant. In addition, we found out that retrieving legal concepts with an “interpretive” character requires a different method than retrieving concepts that do not require additional interpretation.
Proceedings of the 45th Annual Meeting of the ACL on Interactive Poster and Demonstration Sessions
Venue: International Conference On Computational Linguistics (2007)

The 45th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Posters and Demonstrations session was held between the 25th to 27th June 2007 in Prague. This year we had 113 submissions out of which 61 were selected for presentation, resulting in a 54% acceptance rate. The criteria for acceptance of posters were to describe original work in progress, and to present innovative methodologies used to solve problems in computational linguistics or NLP. 48 posters were accepted. For demonstrations the criterion for acceptance was the implementation of mature systems or prototypes in which computational linguistics or NLP technologies are used to solve practically important problems. 13 demonstrations were accepted.
Detecting landscape forms using Fourier transformation and singular value decomposition (SVD)
Authors: Ralf Wieland, Claus Dalchow
Venue: Computers Geosciences (2009)

Landscape structure is a main determinant of ecological landscape potentials. The basic differentiation of relief into depressions and elevations at deliberately chosen scales can be managed comfortably by the Fourier transformation. The automated extraction of these structures from an elevation map using Fourier transformation or singular value decomposition can help to overcome complicated and errorprone procedures based on the determination of numerical structure parameters such as slope and aspect. The combination of automated extraction methods and moving window technology can lead to further, more integrated insights related to complex landscape patterns.