ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
RI-DMAC: a receiver-initiated directional MAC protocol for deafness problem
Authors: Masanori Takata, Masaki Bandai, Takashi Watanabe
Venue: International Journal of Sensor Networks (2009)

Although the use of directional antennas in ad hoc networks is expected to provide significant improvements, directional MAC protocols inherently introduce new kinds of problems. Deafness is one of the major problems caused when a transmitter repeatedly attempts to communicate with its intended receiver, but it fails because the receiver has its beam pointed away from the transmitter. This paper proposes Receiver-Initiated Directional MAC (RI-DMAC) to handle the deafness problem. RI-DMAC is a combination of sender- and receiver-initiated operations. The sender-initiated mode is the default mode and the receiver-initiated mode is triggered when the transmitter experiences deafness. Each node maintains a polling table and polls a deafness node using the Ready to Receive (RTR) frame after the completion of every dialogue. Simulation results show that RI-DMAC outperforms other directional MAC protocols (e.g. Basic DMAC and Circular RTS MAC) in terms of throughput, fairness, overhead and packet drop ratio.
Applications of the PROPHET system in correlating crystallographic structural data with biological information
Authors: Charles M. Weeks, Vivian Cody, Stephen Pokrywiecki, Douglas C. Rohrer, William L. Duax
Venue: Proceedings of the May 6-10, 1974, national computer conference and exposition (1974)

The goal of the Molecular Biophysics Department at the Medical Foundation of Buffalo is to establish relationships between the physical structures of molecules and their biological activities. At present, the steroid and thyroid hormones, their derivatives, analogs, and inhibitors are the materials of major interest in this research, but work on other groups of biologically active molecules is anticipated or in progress. The PROPHET system provides a powerful medium for the assembly, storage, and analysis of both structural and biological data. Correlative studies of these two types of data are particularly important because they may lead to an understanding of the molecular level mechanisms of action of hormones, drugs, antibiotics, and other biological substances. The PROPHET system is well suited for this type of analysis because it permits communication and interaction among scientists who are experts on various phases of molecular biology.
Me, myself and I: The role of interactional context on self-presentation through avatars
Authors: Asimina Vasalou, Adam N. Joinson
Venue: Computers in Human Behavior (2009)

This paper investigates whether the nature of an online environment can prime users to create avatars that emphasize particular characteristics. Participants created an avatar for one of three contrasting settings: blogging, dating or gaming. For the most part, avatars in blogging were created to accurately reflect their owners' physical appearance, lifestyle and preferences. By contrast, participants in the dating and gaming treatments accentuated certain aspects of their avatar to reflect the tone and perceived expectations of the context. For instance, avatars in dating were made to look more attractive while avatars in gaming were made to look more intellectual. Yet, predominantly, these emphasized avatar attributes drew on participants' self-image, and thus avatars were perceived by their owners as highly similar to themselves. The implications of these results are discussed against current frameworks of online identity and behavior. Most importantly, we use our results to extract design recommendations for improving avatar-driven applications.
Analysis of Simple Single/Parallel Switched Dynamical Systems Based on Two Switching Strategies
Authors: Yuki Ishikawa, Daisuke Kimura, Yasuhide Ishige, Toshimichi Saito
Venue: IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences (2008)

This paper studies two kinds of simple switched dynamical systems with piecewise constant characteristics. The first one is based on the single buck converter whose periodic/chaotic dynamics are analyzed precisely using the piecewise linear phase map. The second one is based on a paralleled system of the buck converters for lower voltages with higher current capabilities. Referring to the results of the single system, it is clarified that stable multi-phase synchronization is always possible by the proper use of the switching strategies and adjustment of the clock period. Presenting a simple test circuit, typical operations are confirmed experimentally.
Algorithmic models of interference in wireless ad hoc and sensor networks
Authors: Pascal von Rickenbach, Roger Wattenhofer, Aaron Zollinger
Venue: IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON) (2009)

Among the most critical issues of wireless ad hoc and sensor networks are energy consumption in general and interfer-ence in particular. The reduction of interference is consequently considered one of the foremost goals of topology control. Almost all of the related work however considers this issue implicitly: Low interference is often claimed to be a consequence of sparseness or low degree of the constructed topologies. This paper, in contrast, studies explicit definitions of interference. Various models of in-terference--both from a sender-centric and a receiver-centric per-spective--are proposed, compared, and analyzed with respect to their algorithmic properties and complexities.
Randomized methods for solving the winner determination problem in combinatorial auctions
Authors: Joshua C. C. Chan, Dirk P. Kroese
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Winter Simulation (2008)

Combinatorial auctions, where buyers can bid on bundles of items rather than bidding them sequentially, often lead to more economically efficient allocations of financial resources. However, the problem of determining the winners once the bids are submitted, the so-called Winner Determination Problem (WDP), is known to be NP hard. We present two randomized algorithms to solve this combinatorial optimization problem. The first is based on the Cross-Entropy (CE) method, a versatile adaptive algorithm that has been successfully applied to solve various well-known difficult combinatorial optimization problems. The other is a new adaptive simulation approach by Botev and Kroese, which evolved from the CE method and combines the adaptiveness and level-crossing ideas of CE with Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques. The performance of the proposed algorithms are illustrated by various examples.
Interactive computer graphics application of the bi-cubic parametric surface to engineering design problems
Authors: G. J. Peters
Venue: Proceedings of the May 6-10, 1974, national computer conference and exposition (1974)

Engineering design has usually concerned itself with a whole host of mathematical techniques or forms. It is most unusual to expect one device or curve to serve multipurposes. This paper concerns itself with just such a device which may turn out to be a panacea for the engineering designer.
Recognition of wheat grain quality using log-hough representation and neural networks
Authors: Zbigniew Mikrut, Aleksander Kubiak
Venue: Machine Graphics Vision International Journal (2008)

Assessment of raw product quality constitutes one of the most important issues in the agricultural sectors of food production, processing and storage. In wheat grain quality assessment, the evaluation of the percentage of broken grains in a single variety sample is one of the most important criteria. In the present work, we propose a solution based on a computer vision system and neural networks. An algorithm which performs normalization of the size and rotation angle of a single grain image in the log-polar space is developed. The grain edge image is subsequently transformed to the accumulative log-Hough space and projected onto the coordinate system axes. The resulting representation undergoes classification and variety discrimination with the use of the Kohonen Self Organizing Map. The effectiveness of this representation has been verified with the use of a backpropagation neural network and the k-Nearest Neighbors method. The average classification rate within a single wheat variety exceeds 97%, which qualifies the method for practical applications.
Adaptive structuring of distributed databases
Authors: K. Dan Levin
Venue: Proceedings of the June 7-10, 1982, national computer conference (1982)

This paper reports the study of an adaptive strategy for allocating programs and data files in computer networks when only imperfect information on access request rates is available. The adaptive system is based on a set of computer procedures to collect access statistics, to estimate frequencies, to find optimal file assignment based on expected improvements in performance, and to redistribute the files over the network nodes. These computer modules are synchronized with each other in order to predict the best assignment policy on the basis of where access requests are expected to arise in the future; and as new information becomes available, the forecast is revised and the assignment policy adapts itself to the new information. Transition costs incurred by file transmission from one node to another are taken into account, and the decision to reassign files is triggered only when net gains can be realized. The paper also points out the departure from optimality due to the complexity of a multistage self-adapting system. Accordingly, a second-best solution is suggested.
Performance and dependability modeling with Möbius
Authors: Shravan Gaonkar, Ken Keefe, Ruth Lamprecht, Eric Rozier, Peter Kemper, William H. Sanders
Venue: ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review (2009)

Möbius is a multi-paradigm multi-solution framework to describe and analyze stochastic models of discrete-event dynamic systems. Möbius is widely used in academia and industry for the performance and dependability assessment of technical systems. It comes with a design of experiments as well as automated support for distributing a series of simulation experiments over a network to support the exploration of design spaces for real-world applications. In addition to that, the Möbius simulator interfaces with Traviando, a separate trace analyzer and visualizer that helps to investigate the details of a complex model for validation, verification, and debugging purposes. In this paper, we outline the development of a multi-formalism model of a Lustre-like file system, the analysis of its detailed simulated behavior, and the results obtained from a simulation study.
A computer system for predictive maintenance of wind generators
Authors: Inácio Fonseca, Torres Farinha, Maciel Barbosa
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th WSEAS international conference on Computers (2008)

Wind generators maintenance can be performed in a systematic way because they are built with equipments with known reliability and maintenance parameters known that can be used in the planned maintenance. However, it is possible to increase the reliability of the system so as to rationalize the costs, by developing new management models and new algorithms based on on-line monitoring of several parameters, namely vibrations, electrical variables, among others. It is because of this kind of challenge that the authors are developing new methodologies in the area of wind generators that, as we will demonstrate, can contribute to a better environment. The methodology proposed aims to optimize the cycles of production and, consequently, reduce other kinds of energy production. The new methodologies will be, later, incorporated through new predictive maintenance modules in an integrated maintenance management system called SMIT (Terology Integrated Modular System). The base of SMIT is accessed through a client-server system and a browser system that includes the main modules of a traditional system, as well as a fault diagnosis module, a nonperiodic maintenance planning module and a generic on-condition maintenance module, among other innovations. The new features will include, in the case of wind generators, on-line measures and the corresponding on-time treatment, using algorithms based on time-series forecasting.
Before and after vacuity
Authors: Hana Chockler, Ofer Strichman
Venue: Formal Methods in System Design (2009)

In formal verification, we verify that a system is correct with respect to a specification. Cases like antecedent failure can make a successful pass of the verification procedure meaningless. Vacuity detection can signal such "meaningless" passes of the specification, and indeed vacuity checks are now a standard component in many commercial model checkers. We address two dimensions of vacuity: the computational effort and the information that is given to the user. As for the first dimension, we present several preliminary vacuity checks that can be done without the design itself, which implies that some information can be found with a significantly smaller effort. As for the second dimension, we present algorithms for deriving two types of information that are not provided by standard vacuity checks, assuming $M\models\varphi$ for a model M and formula &phi;: (a) behaviors that are possibly missing from M (or wrongly restricted by the environment) (b) the largest subset of occurrences of literals in &phi; that can be replaced with false simultaneously without falsifying &phi; in M. The complexity of each of these problems is proven. Overall this extra information can lead to tighter specifications and more guidance for finding errors.
Towards an Evaluation Framework for MAS Software Engineering
Authors: Emilia Garcia, Adriana Giret, Vicente Botti
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th Pacific Rim International Conference on Multi-Agents: Intelligent Agents and Multi-Agent Systems (2008)

Recently a great number of methods and frameworks to develop multiagent systems have appeared. It makes difficult the selection between one and another. Because of that the evaluation of multiagent system software engineering techniques is an open research topic. This paper presents a questionnaire for evaluating and comparing development methods and tools.
QWalk: A quantum Monte Carlo program for electronic structure
Authors: Lucas K. Wagner, Michal Bajdich, Lubos Mitas
Venue: Journal of Computational Physics (2009)

We describe QWalk, a new computational package capable of performing quantum Monte Carlo electronic structure calculations for molecules and solids with many electrons. We describe the structure of the program and its implementation of quantum Monte Carlo methods. It is open-source, licensed under the GPL, and available at the web site http://www.qwalk.org.
Querying in Business Process Modeling
Authors: Ivan Markovic, Alessandro Costa Pereira, David Francisco, Henar Muñoz
Venue: Service-Oriented Computing - ICSOC 2007 Workshops: ICSOC 2007, International Workshops, Vienna, Austria, September 17, 2007, Revised Selected Papers (2009)

To respond quickly to changing market requirements, businesses need to increase the level of agility in all phases of the business process engineering chain. Business process (BP) modeling is the first and most important phase in this chain. Designing a new and redesigning an existing process model is a highly complex, time consuming and error prone task. In this work, we contribute to BP modeling by i) analyzing the usage scenarios and identifying the types of queries which facilitate the design and increase quality of newly created BP models and ii) devising an approach to support querying in BP modeling.
Target Counting under Minimal Sensing: Complexity and Approximations
Authors: Sorabh Gandhi, Rajesh Kumar, Subhash Suri
Venue: Algorithmic Aspects of Wireless Sensor Networks: Fourth International Workshop, ALGOSENSORS 2008, Reykjavik, Iceland, July 2008. Revised Selected Papers (2008)

We consider the problem of counting a set of discrete point targets using a network of sensors under a minimalistic model. Each sensor outputs a single integer, the number of distinct targets in its range, but targets are otherwise indistinguishable to sensors: no angles, distances, coordinates, or other target-identifying measurements are available. This minimalistic model serves to explore the fundamental performance limits of low-cost sensors for such surveillance tasks as estimating the number of people, vehicles or ships in a field of interest to first degree of approximation, to be followed by more expensive sensing and localization if needed. This simple abstract setting allows us to explore the intrinsic complexity of a fundamental problem, and derive rigorous worst-case performance bounds. We show that even in the 1-dimensional setting (for instance, sensors counting vehicles on a road), the problem is non-trivial: target count can be estimated within relative accuracy of factor $\sqrt{2}$ and this is the best possible in the worst-case. We then address additional questions related to constructing feasible target placements, and noisy counters. In two dimensions, the problem is considerably more complicated: a constant-factor approximation is impossible. Our algorithms and analysis can easily handle some of the non-idealities of real sensors, such as asymmetric ranges and non-exact target counts.
Quantum Secret Sharing Based on Entanglement without Local Unitary Operations
Authors: Yunyan Yang, Guisheng Yin, Tingquan Deng
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Second International Workshop on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (2009)

This paper proposes a three-party quantum secret sharing scheme based on entanglement without local unitary operations. The message sender prepares the entangled states and sends them to the agents, who can obtain the secret message by only performing measurement on their photons if all of the agents collaborate. In contrast to the use of local unitary operations in most of other schemes, our scheme is more convenient for the information receivers.
UIML Based Design of Multimodal Interactive Applications with Strict Synchronization Requirements.
Authors: Philip Leroux, Vincent Verstraete, Filip De Turck, Piet Demeester, Kristof Thys, Kris Luyten
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Second International Conferences on Advances in Computer-Human Interactions (2009)

As the variety in network service platforms and end user devices grows rapidly, content providers must constantly adapt their production system to support these new technologies. In this paper, we present a middleware platform for deploying highly interactive (television) applications over a diverse collection of networks and end user devices. As the user interface of such interactive applications may vary depending on the capabilities of the different target devices, our middleware uses UIML for the description of generic user interfaces. Our middleware platform also provides a pluggable support for new networks. A factor that highly complicates the design is the need for strict synchronization between an interactive application and video or audio data that is broadcasted. In order to support a maximum of functionality, downloadable application logic is used to provide the interactive services. As a test case, an evaluation setup was built, targeting both set-top boxes and mobile phones.
Specifying Services for ITIL Service Management
Authors: Alain Wegmann, Gil Regev, Georges-Antoine Garret, François Maréchal
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 International Workshop on Service-Oriented Computing Consequences for Engineering Requirements (2008)

The Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL) is a collection of best practices for the management of IT services. ITIL helps organizations to become aware of the business value their IT services provide to internal and external stakeholders. Understanding this value is crucial to the definition of Service Level Agreements (SLA) between an IT department and its stakeholders. However, it is not ITIL's objective to define how this value is to be elicited from stakeholders. This creates an opportunity for the use of RE methods in businesses. This paper describes the main principles of ITIL Service Management and illustrates how the SEAM RE method can contribute to the definition of an SLA by modeling the service provided by an IT department, the stakeholders of this service and the value the stakeholders expect from this service. A real industrial example is presented and analyzed.
Area-I/O flip-chip routing for chip-package co-design
Authors: Jia-Wei Fang, Yao-Wen Chang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer-Aided Design (2008)

The area-I/O flip-chip package provides a high chip-density solution to the demand of more I/O's in VLSI designs; it can achieve smaller package size, shorter wirelength, and better signal and power integrity. In this paper, we introduce the routing problem for chip and package co-design and present the first work in the literature to handle the multiple Re-Distribution Layer (RDL) routing problem for flip-chip designs, considering pin and layer assignment, total wirelength minimization, and chip-package co-design. Our router adopts a two-stage technique of global routing followed by RDL routing. The global routing assigns each block port to a unique bump pad via an I/O pad and decides the RDL routing among I/O pads and bump pads. Based on the minimum-cost maximum-flow algorithm, we can guarantee 100% RDL routing completion after the assignment and the optimal solution with the minimum wirelength. The RDL routing efficiently distributes the routing points between two adjacent bump pads and then generates a 100% routable sequence to complete the routing. Experimental results based on 10 industry designs demonstrate that our router can achieve 100% routability and the optimal routing wirelength under reasonable CPU times, while related works cannot.
CSIUI 2009: story understanding and generation for aware and interactive interface design
Authors: Catherine Havasi, Henry Lieberman, Erik T. Mueller
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces (2009)

In order to be helpful to people, the intelligent interfaces of the future will have to acquire, represent, and infer simple knowledge about everyday life and activities. While much work in AI has represented this knowledge at the word, sentence, and logical assertion level, we see a growing need to understand it at a larger granularity, that of stories. The workshop, like its predecessors, had the goal of bringing together researchers in common sense reasoning with researchers in intelligent interfaces. Each year our workshop has a different focus in addition to these two areas and this year's workshop focused on the acquisition, understanding and creation of stories.
A New Hierarchical Particle Filter Based Tracking System for Soccer Game Analysis
Authors: Shih-Ting Wang, Jin-Jang Leou, Cheng-Shian Lin
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th Pacific Rim Conference on Multimedia: Advances in Multimedia Information Processing (2008)

In this study, a new hierarchical particle filter based tracking system for soccer game analysis is proposed. Here, the hierarchical particle filter is used to fuse different types of features, such as color, edge, and position information in a cascaded feature structure. Additionally, the proposed system will handle the occlusion problem in an effective manner. As compared with three comparison methods, simulation results demonstrate that the proposed system tracks soccer players successfully and accurately.
Hard-disk drives: the good, the bad, and the ugly
Authors: Jon Elerath
Venue: Communications of the ACM (2009)

New drive technologies and increased capacities create new categories of failure modes that will influence system designs.