ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
A Two-Step Approach for Detecting Individuals within Dense Crowds
Authors: Chern-Horng Sim, Ekambaram Rajmadhan, Surendra Ranganath
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Articulated Motion and Deformable Objects (2008)

This paper proposes a two-step approach for detecting individuals within dense crowds. First step uses an offline-trained Viola-type head detector in still color images of dense crowds in a cluttered background. In the second step, which aims to reduce false alarm rates at same detection rates, color bin images are constructed from normalized rg color histograms of the detected windows in the first step. Haar-like features extracted from these color bin images are input to a trained cascade of boosted classifiers to separate correct detections from false alarms. Experimental results of both steps are presented as Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curves, in comparison with recent related work. Our proposed two-step approach is able to attain a high detection rate of 90.0%, while maintaining false alarm rate below 40.0%, as compared to other work which attains a high 70.0% false alarm rate when detection rate is still below 90.0%.
An approach to the identification of network elements composing heterogeneous end-to-end paths
Authors: Alessio Botta, Antonio Pescapé, Giorgio Ventre
Venue: Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking (2008)

Today's networks are becoming increasingly complex and the ability to effectively and efficiently operate and manage them is ever more challenging. Ways to provide end-to-end Quality of Service have to cope with the increasing heterogeneity of these networks, which is due to the several actors of current network scenarios, from access networks to end-user devices, from protocols to applications and operating systems. Exploiting such heterogeneity, in this paper we present an approach to the identification of each element composing an end-to-end path. Such identification is useful in several situations. For instance, it can improve the performance of adaptive and network-aware applications, it can help intelligent routing approaches, and it can be used in network and service overlay scenarios. Our approach, based on Bayesian classifiers, utilizes the measurements and off-line processing of three QoS parameters, that are delay, jitter, and packet loss. To illustrate the capabilities of our proposal, we present the results of a large set of experimentations performed with both different sets of features and different sets of QoS parameters. Using measures related to various time periods, in which the considered paths presented diverse characteristics, we show that a blind identification of network bricks is possible and that its results present a good degree of generalizability.
A Coding Hierarchy Computing Based Clustering Algorithm
Authors: Jing Peng, Chang-Jie Tang, Dong-Qing Yang, An-Long Chen, Lei Duan
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Advanced Data Mining and Applications (2007)

In actual databases, there are a lot of hierarchy coding data, existing clustering algorithms don't consider the special treatment of these data structure, so lead nonideal performance and clustering result. This paper proposes a new clustering algorithm to deal with the hierarchy coding data structure (HCDS) that exists in many applications. The main contributions include: (1) proposes a new concept for HCDS and corresponding definitions. (2) Proposes and implements a new clustering algorithm---CHCC (Coding Hierarchy Computing Based Clustering Algorithm) based on HCDS. (3) Proposes a fast algorithm for hierarchy coding structure processing. (4) Applies the algorithm into the clustering analysis of transient population for public security, and through extensive experiments, proves the validity and efficiency of the algorithm.
Recursive Shape and Pose Determination Using Deformable Model
Authors: Kevin Bailly, Maurice Milgram
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th Iberoamerican congress on Pattern Recognition: Progress in Pattern Recognition, Image Analysis and Applications (2008)

This paper adresses the problem of estimating shape and pose parameters of a 3D-non-rigid model from a single image. We introduce a new fast and robust method to minimize reprojection error between 3D model and feature image points. For this purpose, a recursive process is proposed. First, pose is roughly approximated using a rigid model. This permits to analytically determine shape parameters. Pose and shape are updated in an iterative way. Tests carried out on both synthetic and real data using the CANDIDE-3 parameterized mesh[1] are very promising.
An Adaptive Multi-paths Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Zhendong Wu, Shanping Li
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Embedded Software and Systems (2007)

Multi-path strategy is one of the favorable choices to transmit data efficiently and flexibly in sensor networks. Due to various applications, it is hard to devise a generic WSN routing strategy to meet all requirements of various applications and environments at the same time. Therefore, a novel routing strategy should provide flexible schemes which adjusts forwarding schemes dynamically according to the different requirements. In this paper, we proposed an adaptive multi-path routing algorithm (AMPRA), which could provide convenient client-interface for flexible switching between various routing strategies. Through studying the local minimum phenomenon, a new method Clockwise-Rule is proposed to overcome the local minimum phenomenon. Based on the Clockwise-Rule, AMPRA provides flexible transmission schemes. Simulations show that AMPRA can significantly improve the performance of networks.
A Low-Latency L2 Handoff between WiBro and cdma2000 Mobile Networks
Authors: Choongyong Shin, Seokhoon Kim, Jinsung Cho
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Convergence and Hybrid Information Technology (2008)

As heterogeneous wireless networks are deployed and users need more flexible mobility services, there has been a lot of research work about interworking mechanism between widely deployed 3G network and rapidly boarded WLAN. On the other side, WiBro is newly commercialized in Korea as the next generation wireless network. WiBro is based on IEEE 802.16e and it is expected to provide enough mobility and higher data rate. So the study of the integration between WiBro and cdma2000 will give better results compared with the existing work of the integration between WLAN and cdma2000. In order to provide the seamless service across heterogeneous wireless networks, an efficient handoff procedure is essentially required. In this paper, we propose an efficient L2 handoff scheme between cdma2000 and WiBro networks. The proposed L2 handoff scheme takes an advantage over the existing L3 handoff scheme because it does not require the L3 procedure for the mobility. Through extensive computer simulations with OPNET, the efficiency of the proposed scheme has been validated.
Modelling the CoCoME with the Java/A Component Model
Authors: Alexander Knapp, Stephan Janisch, Rolf Hennicker, Allan Clark, Stephen Gilmore, Florian Hacklinger, Hubert Baumeister, Martin Wirsing
Venue: The Common Component Modeling Example: Comparing Software Component Models (2007)

The Java/A approach aims at semantically well-founded and coherent modelling and programming concepts for components: based on sound theoretical foundations it enhances the widely used UML 2.0 component model by modular analysis and verification techniques and a Java-based architectural programming language.
Key Element-Context Model: An Approach to Efficient Web Metadata Maintenance
Authors: Ba-Quy Vuong, Ee-Peng Lim, Aixin Sun, Chew-Hung Chang, Kalyani Chatterjea, Dion Hoe-Lian Goh, Yin-Leng Theng, Jun Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th European conference on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries (2007)

In this paper, we study the problem of maintaining metadata for open Web content. In digital libraries such as DLESE, NSDL and G-Portal, metadata records are created for some good quality Web content objects so as to make them more accessible. These Web objects are dynamic making it necessary to update their metadata records. As Web metadata maintenance involves manual efforts, we propose to reduce the efforts by introducing the Key element-Context (KeC) model to monitor only those changes made on Web page content regions that concern metadata attributes while ignoring other changes. We also develop evaluation metrics to measure the number of alerts and the amount of efforts in updating Web metadata records. KeC model has been experimented on metadata records defined for Wikipedia articles, and its performance with different settings is reported. The model is implemented in G-Portal as a metadata maintenance module.
Algebraic Geometry Codes from Castle Curves
Authors: Carlos Munuera, Alonso Sepúlveda, Fernando Torres
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd international Castle meeting on Coding Theory and Applications (2008)

The quality of an algebraic geometry code depends on the curve from which the code has been defined. In this paper we consider codes obtained from Castle curves, namely those whose number of rational points attains the Lewittes' bound for some rational point Q and the Weierstrass semigroup at Q is symmetric.
Fast Kinetic Monte Carlo Simulation of Strained Heteroepitaxy in Three Dimensions
Authors: Chi-Hang Lam, M. T. Lung, Leonard M. Sander
Venue: Journal of Scientific Computing (2008)

Accelerated algorithms for simulating the morphological evolution of strained heteroepitaxy based on a ball and spring lattice model in three dimensions are explained. We derive exact Green's function formalisms for boundary values in the associated lattice elasticity problems. The computational efficiency is further enhanced by using a superparticle surface coarsening approximation. Atomic hoppings simulating surface diffusion are sampled using a multi-step acceptance-rejection algorithm. It utilizes quick estimates of the atomic elastic energies from extensively tabulated values modulated by the local strain. A parameter controls the compromise between accuracy and efficiency of the acceptance-rejection algorithm.
Initial-boundary value problems of warped MPDAEs including minimisation criteria
Authors: R. Pulch
Venue: Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (2008)

Electric circuits, which produce oscillations at widely separated time scales, cause a huge computational effort in a numerical simulation of the mathematical model based on differential-algebraic equations (DAEs). Alternatively, a multidimensional signal model yields a description via multirate partial differential-algebraic equations (MPDAEs). Initial-boundary value problems of the MPDAE system reproduce solutions of the underlying DAE system. In case of frequency modulation, an additional function occurs in the MPDAE model, which represents a degree of freedom in the multivariate description of the signals. We present two minimisation strategies, which are able to identify the additional parameters such that the resulting solutions exhibit an elementary structure. Thus numerical schemes can apply relatively coarse grids and an efficient simulation is achieved.
An Optimized Scheme for Mobile Learning on IP-Based Network Using SIP
Authors: Shaojing Fan, Jianbo Fan, Yongping Zhang, Zhongkun He
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Advances in Web Based Learning (2008)

With the fast development of wireless technology, the concept of e-learning has been constantly evolved into mobile learning(m-learning), which means to use mobile technologies to enhance the learning experience by blending mobile terminal devices and network to engage and motivate learners at any time and anywhere. However, current m-learning systems are mainly based on HTTP, which is static and limits in Web access, thus are insufficient in support of the various new mobile devices and wireless access methods. SIP(Session Initiation Protocol) is a signal protocol with excellent mobility support on both personal and service levels. The key reasons for SIP's popularity as a protocol for mobile applications are discussed in this paper. An optimized m-learning system architecture based on SIP is proposed. The mobility support of the m-learning system based on the new architecture is presented. Tests show that the new system is dynamic and mobile, with high performance in real time connection and interactivity.
Real time switching and streaming transmission of uncompressed 4K motion pictures
Authors: Daisuke Shirai, Tetsuo Kawano, Tatsuya Fujii, Kunitake Kaneko, Naohisa Ohta, Sadayasu Ono, Sachine Arai, Terukazu Ogoshi
Venue: Future Generation Computer Systems (2009)

In this paper we describe the world's first Trans-Pacific and Trans-Atlantic real-time switching and streaming transmission of uncompressed 4K motion pictures. This demonstration, of an advanced networked media application, conveyed the 23rd Kyoto Prize events, held on Nov. 10 and 11, 2007, from Kyoto, Japan to Stockholm, Sweden in real-time with life-like image quality. Multiple live 4K streams from different cameras were switched over the network into a single uncompressed stream at the director's request, and transmitted to Stockholm via 10 Gbit Ethernet connections over 21,000 km using the Global Lambda Integrated Facility (GLIF). We introduce several new technologies, including an uncompressed 4K video streaming system using Internet Protocol (IP) transmission and a shared line approach to gap-less video switching control. The Kyoto Prize 2007 demonstration proves the feasibility of using the IP infrastructure for next generation video switching and distribution networks, even at very high speeds across great distances.
Constrained CVT meshes and a comparison of triangular mesh generators
Authors: Hoa Nguyen, John Burkardt, Max Gunzburger, Lili Ju, Yuki Saka
Venue: Computational Geometry: Theory and Applications (2009)

Mesh generation in regions in Euclidean space is a central task in computational science, and especially for commonly used numerical methods for the solution of partial differential equations, e.g., finite element and finite volume methods. We focus on the uniform Delaunay triangulation of planar regions and, in particular, on how one selects the positions of the vertices of the triangulation. We discuss a recently developed method, based on the centroidal Voronoi tessellation (CVT) concept, for effecting such triangulations and present two algorithms, including one new one, for CVT-based grid generation. We also compare several methods, including CVT-based methods, for triangulating planar domains. To this end, we define several quantitative measures of the quality of uniform grids. We then generate triangulations of several planar regions, including some having complexities that are representative of what one may encounter in practice. We subject the resulting grids to visual and quantitative comparisons and conclude that all the methods considered produce high-quality uniform grids and that the CVT-based grids are at least as good as any of the others.
Architecture of Satellite Internet for Asia-Wide Digital Communications
Authors: Kotaro Kataoka, Achmad Husni Thamrin, Kenjiro Cho, Jun Takei, Jun Murai
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd Asian conference on Internet Engineering: Sustainable Internet (2007)

This paper describes the network architecture of an Asia-wide satellite Internet that considers the situations in developing regions. The design considerations for the architecture are costs, effective use of satellite bandwidth, scalability, and routing strategy when combined with terrestrial links. The architecture includes using one-way shared satellite links to reduce costs, IP multicast to leverage the broadcast nature of satellite links, QoS, audio-video application gateway to adapt to the limited bandwidth of satellite links. This architecture is implemented in an operational network testbed connecting 13 countries and supporting a distance learning project.
Conceptual Modeling in a Meta-model of Sustainability Indicators
Authors: Alfredo Tolón-Becerra, Fernando Bienvenido
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems, Part III (2008)

During last 30 years, due to the interest in sustainable development and ecology, different systems of sustainability indicators have been developed. These systems are increasingly complex, varying their scope both for territorial and thematic areas. A key point developing sustainable policies is the accessibility of good indicators. Developing a knowledge model about them can facilitate their management and interpretation. Due to the complexity of diverse set of indicators developed for 29 areas in 9 countries, we were taken to develop a conceptual model of these indicators, which associate to the different indicators their validity scope, specific interpretation and use. We have integrated the different indicators using conceptual maps (using CMap-Tool) and associating to them semantic labels. The web developed to manage the different projects includes these labels (it is a semantic web) and all the referenced texts have been labeled using them.
Designing a model human cochlea: issues and challenges in crossmodal audio-haptic displays
Authors: Maria Karam, Deborah I. Fels
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 Ambi-Sys workshop on Haptic user interfaces in ambient media systems (2008)

In this paper, we describe a Model Human Cochlea (MHC), a sensory substitution technique aimed at translating some of the emotional content expressed in music onto a haptic ambient display. We present some of the issues and challenges encountered in designing the model. This research is situated within the domain of crossmodal displays, with specific focus on enhancing the entertainment experience associated with film audio for users who are deaf or hard of hearing. The interface, in its final form factor, will be integrated into an EmotiChair, a multi-sensory entertainment interface that supports crossmodal audio-haptic display interactions. To assist with the design of the MHC, we have developed a flexible prototype to support research in cross-modal audio-haptic displays. Details of the multidisciplinary design process that has informed the development of the the MHC prototype, and the evaluation methodology adopted to explore the different configurations of the MHC are presented.
Energy Efficient Operating Mode Assignment for Real-Time Tasks in Wireless Embedded Systems
Authors: Chun Jason Xue, Zhaohui Yuan, Guoliang Xing, Zili Shao, Edwin Sha
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 14th IEEE International Conference on Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications (2008)

Minimizing energy consumption is a key issue in designing real-time applications on wireless embedded systems. While a lot of work has been done to manage energy consumption on single processor real-time system, few work addresses network-wide energy consumption management for real-time tasks. Moreover, existing work on network-wide energy consumption assumes that the underlying network is always connected, which is not consistent with the practice in which wireless nodes often turn off their network interfaces in asleep schedule to reduce energy consumption. In this paper, we propose solutions to minimize network-wide energy consumption for real-time tasks with precedence constraints executing on wireless embedded systems. Our solutions take the radio sleep scheduling of wireless nodes into account when adjusting the execution modes of processors. We also propose a runtime dynamic energy management scheme to further reduce energy consumption while guaranteeing the timing constraint. The experiments show that our approach significantly reduces total energy consumption compared with the previous work.
Nonrigid Registration of Dynamic Renal MR Images Using a Saliency Based MRF Model
Authors: Dwarikanath Mahapatra, Ying Sun
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention - Part I (2008)

Nonrigid registration of contrast-enhanced MR images is a difficult problem due to the change in pixel intensity caused by the wash-in and wash-out of the contrast agent. In this paper we propose a novel saliency based Markov Random Field approach for effective nonrigid registration of contrast enhanced images. Saliency information obtained from the neurobiology-based saliency model alongwith intensity information is used to quantify the degree of similarity between images in the pre- and post-contrast stages. Information from these two features is combined by using an exponential function of the saliency difference such that it assigns low values to small differences in saliency and at the same time ensures that saliency information does not bias the energy term. Rotationally-invariant edge information from edge-orientation histograms was used to complement the saliency information resulting in better registration results. Tests on real patient datasets show that our algorithm results in accurate registration. We also simulated elastic motion on images, and the deformation field recovered by our algorithm was nearly the inverse of the simulated field.
Video Restoration with Motion Prediction Based on the Multiresolution Wavelet Analysis
Authors: Kei Akiyama, Zhi-Wei Luo, Masaki Onishi, Shigeyuki Hosoe, Kouichi Taji, Yoji Uno
Venue: Neural Information Processing: 14th International Conference, ICONIP 2007, Kitakyushu, Japan, November 13-16, 2007, Revised Selected Papers, Part II (2008)

We propose a novel method for image sequence restorations. It is based on the wavelet domain image restoration method proposed by Belge et al. for static images [1]. In this paper, by combining the iteration procedure in the Belge's method with the renewing process for sequentially given images and by employing Kalman filer for predicting the foreground movement of the images in the wavelet domain, considerable reduction of the computational cost is shown to be achievable. This is verified by computer simulations on artificially degraded images.
An Algorithm for Improving Hilbert-Huang Transform
Authors: Song Guo, Guochang Gu, Changyou Li
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Computational Science, Part III: ICCS 2007 (2007)

The Hilbert-Huang transform is viewed as a promising method to process the nonlinear and non-stationary signal. However, it hasn't been a general method in signal processing due to its some deficiencies. In this paper, an algorithm is proposed to resolve one of its deficiencies that the EMD will generate redundant IMFs at the low-frequency region. This deficiency may cause misinterpretation to the result of processing signal. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm successfully resolves this deficiency.
TBL Template Selection: An Evolutionary Approach
Authors: Ruy Luiz Milidiú, Julio Cesar Duarte, Cícero Nogueira Dos Santos
Venue: Current Topics in Artificial Intelligence: 12th Conference of the Spanish Association for Artificial Intelligence, CAEPIA 2007, Salamanca, Spain, November 12-16, 2007. Selected Papers (2007)

Transformation Based Learning (TBL) is an intensively Machine Learning algorithm frequently used in Natural Language Processing. TBL uses rule templates to identify error-correcting patterns. A critical requirement in TBL is the availability of a problem domain expert to build these rule templates. In this work, we propose an evolutionary approach based on Genetic Algorithms to automatically implement the template selection process. We show some empirical evidence that our approach provides template sets with almost the same quality as human built templates.