ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
IPBGA: a hybrid P2P based grid architecture by using information pool protocol
Authors: Deng Li, Zhi-Gang Chen, Hui Liu, Athanasios V. Vasilakos, Yi Pan
Venue: The Journal of Supercomputing (2009)

The current representatives of Grid systems are Globus and Web services, however, they have poor scalability and single point failure. It is these two factors which make the building of an improved P2P and grid hybrid framework for resource management and task schedule such a popular research topic. This paper differs from current research because it puts forward an Information Pool Based Grid Architecture (IPBGA), which is a real sense hybrid of P2P and grid instead of only introducing P2P methods into grid systems for resource management. Based on virtualizations, abstract physical resources and tasks to be, the information requests from resources for tasks and appeals from tasks for resources are upgraded as information services by using an information pool protocol (IPP). Thus, grid resource management and task scheduling are regarded as information matching by IPP which is adaptive to the heterogeneous, dynamic, and distributed characteristics of a grid system. Tri-Information Center (Tri-IC) and source ranking mechanisms are presented in IPP to improve robustness, prevent sybil attack, and to discourage free riding. Experiments and theory analysis show that the IPP of the IPBGA is more efficient and robust in dealing with information while both the bandwidth and process costs are less.
Using an incremental robust parser to automatically generate semantic UNL graphs
Authors: Nuria Gala
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd Workshop on RObust Methods in Analysis of Natural Language Data (2004)

The UNL project (Universal Networking Language) proposes a standard for encoding the meaning of natural language utterances as semantic hypergraphs, intended to be used as pivot in multilingual information and communication systems. Several deconverters permit to automatically translate UNL utterances into natural languages. However, a rough enconvertion from natural language texts to UNL expressions is usually done interactively with editors specially designed for the UNL project or by hand (which is very time-consuming and difficult to extrapolate to huge amounts of data). In this paper, we address the issue of using an existing incremental robust parser as main resource to enconverting French utterances into UNL expressions.
Impact of level-2 cache sharing on the performance and power requirements of homogeneous multicore embedded systems
Authors: Abu Asaduzzaman, Fadi N. Sibai, Manira Rani
Venue: Microprocessors Microsystems (2009)

In order to satisfy the needs for increasing computer processing power, there are significant changes in the design process of modern computing systems. Major chip-vendors are deploying multicore or manycore processors to their product lines. Multicore architectures offer a tremendous amount of processing speed. At the same time, they bring challenges for embedded systems which suffer from limited resources. Various cache memory hierarchies have been proposed to satisfy the requirements for different embedded systems. Normally, a level-1 cache (CL1) memory is dedicated to each core. However, the level-2 cache (CL2) can be shared (like Intel Xeon and IBM Cell) or distributed (like AMD Athlon). In this paper, we investigate the impact of the CL2 organization type (shared Vs distributed) on the performance and power consumption of homogeneous multicore embedded systems. We use VisualSim and Heptane tools to model and simulate the target architectures running FFT, MI, and DFT applications. Experimental results show that by replacing a single-core system with an 8-core system, reductions in mean delay per core of 64% for distributed CL2 and 53% for shared CL2 are possible with little additional power (15% for distributed CL2 and 18% for shared CL2) for FFT. Results also reveal that the distributed CL2 hierarchy outperforms the shared CL2 hierarchy for all three applications considered and for other applications with similar code characteristics.
Semi-automatic e-chartering through multi-agent systems and satellite IP networks
Authors: Manolis Sardis, Demosthenes Vouyioukas, Ioannis Anagnostopoulos
Venue: International Journal of Internet Protocol Technology (2009)

This paper proposes a semi-automatic e-chartering in maritime markets though distributed multi-agent infrastructure over satellite IP networks. Using a distributed Multi-Agent system for Internet Virtual Chartering Markets (MAVCM) in each maritime port and the satellite information from participating vessels, we propose a mechanism for semi-automatic control and creation of e-chartering contracts services. The MAVCM system applies for business-to-business transactions in maritime markets, and provides mechanisms for Internet-based chartering informational and transactional services. The proposed system is based on Shipowners and shippers maritime contracts through the MAVCM infrastructure, services and satellite monitoring of the vessels.
Saliency Based on Decorrelation and Distinctiveness of Local Responses
Authors: Antón Garcia-Diaz, Xosé R. Fdez-Vidal, Xosé M. Pardo, Raquel Dosil
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Computer Analysis of Images and Patterns (2009)

In this paper we validate a new model of bottom-up saliency based in the decorrelation and the distinctiveness of local responses. The model is simple and light, and is based on biologically plausible mechanisms. Decorrelation is achieved by applying principal components analysis over a set of multiscale low level features. Distinctiveness is measured using the Hotelling's T2 statistic. The presented approach provides a suitable framework for the incorporation of top-down processes like contextual priors, but also learning and recognition. We show its capability of reproducing human fixations on an open access image dataset and we compare it with other recently proposed models of the state of the art.
A new objective function for word alignment
Authors: Tugba Bodrumlu, Kevin Knight, Sujith Ravi
Venue: Proceedings of the Workshop on Integer Linear Programming for Natural Langauge Processing (2009)

We develop a new objective function for word alignment that measures the size of the bilingual dictionary induced by an alignment. A word alignment that results in a small dictionary is preferred over one that results in a large dictionary. In order to search for the alignment that minimizes this objective, we cast the problem as an integer linear program. We then extend our objective function to align corpora at the sub-word level, which we demonstrate on a small Turkish-English corpus.
Natural language learning by recurrent neural networks: a comparison with probabilistic approaches
Authors: Michael Towsey, Joachim Diederich, Ingo Schellhammer, Stephan Chalup, Claudia Brugman
Venue: Proceedings of the Joint Conferences on New Methods in Language Processing and Computational Natural Language Learning (1998)

We present preliminary results of experiments with two types of recurrent neural networks for a natural language learning task. The neural networks, Elman networks and Recurrent Cascade Correlation (RCC), were trained on the text of a first-year primary school reader. The networks performed a one-step-look-ahead task, i.e. they had to predict the lexical category of the next following word. Elman networks with 9 hidden units gave the best training results (72% correct) but scored only 63% when tested for generalisation using a "leave-one-sentence-out" cross-validation technique. An RCC network could learn 99.6% of the training set by adding up to 42 hidden units but achieved best generalisation (63%) with only four hidden units. Results are presented showing network learning in relation to bi-, tri-, 4- and 5-gram performance. Greatest prediction uncertainty (measured as the entropy of the output units) occurred, not at the sentence boundaries but when the first verb was the input.
Exploring User Requirements for Non-visual Mobile Navigation Systems
Authors: Charlotte Magnusson, Kirsten Rassmus-Gröhn, Konrad Tollmar, Hanna Stigmar
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th IFIP TC 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Part I (2009)

This paper describes an explorative user study of how two different user groups experience current, as well as envisioned new mobile navigation systems. Two groups have been the primary target in this study; a group of elderly people and a group of relatively young university students that were visually impaired. The study consisted of three parts: a focus group/test, a diary study and a design workshop where the users envisioned new kinds of interaction with mobile navigation systems by building and demonstrating low-fi prototypes. Information about user requirements for these types of applications is obtained and we observe features in the study design which are relevant for a wider range of mobile services.
Improving Pseudo-random Generators
Authors: Aleksander Danko, Wiktor Danko
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Biometrics and Kansei Engineering (2009)

It is easy to observe that standard pseudo-randomgenerators of compilers of C, Pascal and many other most often used programming languages are not perfect and faithful. In particular, some of them are not equiprobable. This observation remains valideven for “professional” pseudo-random generators considered as very good(cf. [2]). In this paper we propose a method for improving the quality ofpseudo-random generators. However, the proposed method will be efficacious if the pseudo-random generator satisfies the following postulate formulated in terms of probability theory. Namely,it is required that theresults of realization of two (successive) assignments x:= random, y:= random, treated as random events, are independent.
HMAC without the "Second" Key
Authors: Kan Yasuda
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Information Security (2009)

We present a new secret-prefix MAC (Message Authentication Code) based on hash functions. Just like the well-known HMAC algorithm, the new MAC can utilize current hash functions without modifying their Merkle-Damgård implementations. Indeed, the new MAC is almost the same as HMAC except that the second call to the secret key, which is made at the finalization stage, is omitted. In this way we not only increase efficiency over HMAC but also reduce the cost of managing the key, as the new MAC invokes a key only once at the initialization stage, and the rest of the process depends solely on incoming data. We give a rigorous security proof of the new MAC algorithm. Like HMAC, our new MAC is proven to be a secure PRF (Pseudo-Random Function) based on a reasonable assumption about the underlying compression function. In theory our assumption is neither stronger nor weaker than the PRF-type compression-function requirement for the PRF security of HMAC. In practice our assumption looks somewhat similar to the PRF-type requirement for the security of HMAC.
What's Next? A Visual Editor for Correcting Reading Order
Authors: Daisuke Sato, Masatomo Kobayashi, Hironobu Takagi, Chieko Asakawa
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th IFIP TC 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Part I (2009)

The reading order, i.e. the serialized form, of the webpage should be a meaningful order for alternative representations such as the audible forms needed for visually impaired users. However, the serialized form rarely receives attention because it is visually elusive for authors using the existing WISIWYG authoring environments. Therefore we propose a new visualization technique called "reading flow" that visualizes the order of the serialized form with variable granularity by using a visible path extending through the elements in the content. This allows the authors to instantly evaluate the ordering by the visual pattern of the path. Our approach also allows them to interactively and intuitively reorganize the order of the serialized form. The results of two comparative experiments show that our reading flow greatly increases the ability of the authors to understand and organize the ordering compared to the existing techniques.
Epiphenomenal grammar acquisition with GSG
Authors: Marsal Gavaldà
Venue: Proceedings of the ANLP-NAACL 2000 Workshop on Conversational Systems (2000)

As a step toward conversational systems that allow for a more natural human-computer interaction, we report on GSG, a system that, while providing a natural-language interface to a variety of applications, engages in clarification dialogues with the end user through which new semantic mappings are dynamically acquired. GSG exploits task- and language-dependent information but is fully task- and language-independent in its architecture and strategies.
Picking Up Artifacts: Storyboarding as a Gateway to Reuse
Authors: Shahtab Wahid, Stacy M. Branham, Lauren Cairco, D. Scott Mccrickard, Steve Harrison
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th IFIP TC 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Part II (2009)

Storyboarding offers designers the opportunity to illustrate a visual narrative of use. Because designers often refer to past ideas, we argue storyboards can be constructed by reusing shared artifacts. We present a study in which we explore how designers reuse artifacts consisting of images and rationale during storyboard construction. We find images can aid in accessing rationale and that connections among features aid in deciding what to reuse, creating new artifacts, and constructing. Based on requirements derived from our findings, we present a storyboarding tool, PIC-UP, to facilitate artifact sharing and reuse and evaluate its use in an exploratory study. We conclude with remarks on facilitating reuse and future work.
Evolutionary cyber-psychology: Applying an evolutionary framework to Internet behavior
Authors: Jared Piazza, Jesse M. Bering
Venue: Computers in Human Behavior (2009)

An evolutionary psychological perspective has much to offer the study of Internet behavior. However, cyber-psychologists have hitherto neglected this rich theoretical tradition and evolutionary psychologists have been slow to apply their perspective to computer-mediated behavior. This paper applies an evolutionary perspective to the study of Internet behavior in four relevant domains: (1) mating and sexual competition, (2) parenting and kinship, (3) trust and social exchange, and (4) personal information management. Both general and specific evolutionary theories are explored in relation to online behavior in each domain, with an emphasis on generating testable hypotheses for future research.
The Attractiveness Stereotype in the Evaluation of Embodied Conversational Agents
Authors: Rabia Khan, Antonella Angeli
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th IFIP TC 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Part I (2009)

Physical attractiveness is an important cue for social interaction. Psychology studies have long shown that physical attractiveness can elicit positive personality attributions as well as positive behaviour towards other people. This effect is explained by the attractiveness stereotype. In this paper, we investigate whether this stereotype apply to the interaction with virtual agents. We report the results of two experiments where the attractiveness stereotype was tested with and without interaction with the agent. Results indicate a strong effect of the attractiveness stereotype, showing that users tend to form and maintain a better evaluation of attractive agents than of unattractive ones independent of actual interaction with the agent or the agents' ethnicity. Implications for design are discussed.
A Modeling Framework for Generating Security Protocol Specifications
Authors: Genge Bela, Haller Piroska
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 10th International Symposium on Symbolic and Numeric Algorithms for Scientific Computing (2008)

We propose a modeling framework for generating securityprotocol specifications. The generated protocol specifications rely on the use of a sequential and a semantical component. The first component defines protocol properties such as preconditions, effects, message sequences and it is developed as a WSDL-S specification. The second component defines the semantic aspects corresponding to the messages included in the first component by the use of ontological constructions and it is developed as an OWL-based specification. Our approach was validated on 13 protocols from which we mention: the ISO9798 protocol, the CCITTX.509 data transfer protocol and the Kerberos symmetric key protocol.
An In-Database Streaming Solution to Multi-camera Fusion
Authors: Qiming Chen, Qinghu Li, Meichun Hsu, Tao Yu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Data Management in Grid and Peer-to-Peer Systems (2009)

Multi-camera based video object tracking is a multi-stream data fusion and analysis problem. With the current technology, video analysis software architecture generally separates the analytics layer from the data management layer, which has become the performance bottleneck because of large scaled data transfer, inefficient data access and duplicate data buffering and management. Motivated by providing a convergent platform, we use user-defined Relation Valued Functions (RVFs) to have visual data computation naturally integrated to SQL queries, and pushed down to the database engine; we model complex applications with general graph based data-flows and control-flows at the process level where "actions" are performed by RVFs and "linked" in SQL queries. We further introduce Stream Query Process with stream data input and continuous execution. Our solutions to multi-camera video surveillance also include a new tracking method that is based on P2P time-synchronization of video streams and P2P target fusion.These techniques represent a major shift in process management from one-time execution to data stream driven, open-ended execution, and constitute a novel step to the use of a query engine for running processes, towards the "In-DB Streaming" paradigm.We have prototyped the proposed approaches by extending the open-sourced database engine Postgres, and plan to transfer the implementation to a commercial and proprietary parallel database system. The empirical study in a surveillance setting reveals their advantages in scalability, real-time performance and simplicity.
Tonic Changes in EEG Power Spectra during Simulated Driving
Authors: Ruey-Song Huang, Tzyy-Ping Jung, Scott Makeig
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Foundations of Augmented Cognition. Neuroergonomics and Operational Neuroscience: Held as Part of HCI International 2009 (2009)

Electroencephalographic (EEG) correlates of driving performance were studied using an event-related lane-departure paradigm. High-density EEG data were analyzed using independent component analysis (ICA) and Fourier analysis. Across subjects and sessions, when reaction time to lane-departure events increased, several clusters of independent component activities in the occipital, posterior parietal, and middle temporal cortex showed tonic power increases in the delta, theta, and alpha bands. The strongest of these tonic power increases occurred in the alpha band in the occipital and parietal regions. Other independent component clusters in the somatomotor and frontal regions showed less or no significant increase in all frequency bands as RT increased. This study demonstrates additional evidence of the close and specific links between cortical brain activities (via changes in EEG spectral power) and performance (reaction time) during sustained-attention tasks. These results may also provide insights into the development of human-computer interfaces for countermeasures for drowsy driving.
The Design of an Active VoIP Security Defense Model Based on Dynamic Self-Adaptive Diffluence
Authors: Zhaoyang Qu, Wei Yang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Environmental Science and Information Application Technology - Volume 01 (2009)

This paper designs an active Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) security defense model, aiming to cope with various attack problems that the network is confronting. Based on the model, a dynamic self-adaptive diffluence algorithm that can be applied to the VoIP Gateway was proposed. It combines advantages of UBS selection strategy and weighted Bayesian classification algorithm, the algorithm can accurately, quickly complete the task of intrusion detection through using few high-quality training sample for learning. Experimental results demonstrate the algorithm is more accurate under the smaller training set.
Adaptive intervention in probabilistic boolean networks
Authors: Ritwik Layek, Aniruddha Datta, Ranadip Pal, Edward R. Dougherty
Venue: Bioinformatics (2009)

Motivation: A basic problem of translational systems biology is to utilize gene regulatory networks as a vehicle to design therapeutic intervention strategies to beneficially alter network and, therefore, cellular dynamics. One strain of research has this problem from the perspective of control theory via the design of optimal Markov chain decision processes, mainly in the framework of probabilistic Boolean networks (PBNs). Full optimization assumes that the network is accurately modeled and, to the extent that model inference is inaccurate, which can be expected for gene regulatory networks owing to the combination of model complexity and a paucity of time-course data, the designed intervention strategy may perform poorly. We desire intervention strategies that do not assume accurate full-model inference. Results: This article demonstrates the feasibility of applying on-line adaptive control to improve intervention performance in genetic regulatory networks modeled by PBNs. It shows via simulations that when the network is modeled by a member of a known family of PBNs, an adaptive design can yield improved performance in terms of the average cost. Two algorithms are presented, one better suited for instantaneously random PBNs and the other better suited for context-sensitive PBNs with low switching probability between the constituent BNs. Contact: edward@ece.tamu.edu
A Novel On-Road Object Detection Approach Based on Vision
Authors: Yongquan Xia, Min Huang, Wei Cui, Fengqin Wang, Xiaolei Chen
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation - Volume 03 (2009)

This paper proposed a simple and novel approach for on-road object detection based on vision. Firstly, a simple method is applied to detect the interest pixels of object in images by the defined interest pixels function and a single strategy is applied to reduce the redundant computation in the process of computation gray mean of pixels in squared window; Secondly, all the detected interest pixels neighbored each other are grouped to object interest region; after that, the non-interest pixels in are set to interest pixels and the images are binarized; The binary images could be easily segmented applying simple contour tracking algorithms. Lastly, several images captured from ITS or ALV system are used to test the proposed algorithm, the result indicate that the approach is valid and feasible.