ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Launch systems
Authors: Alfred U. Mac Rae
Venue: Space Communications (2000)

Global commercial launch service capacity has been increased in the past five years to meet the challenge of the anticipated large increase in demand for launches of commercial communications satellites to LEO, MEO and GEO. The lift-off weight capability of rockets has also been increased in response to the increased mass of new higher power, wider bandwidth GEO satellites and the prospects of launching several satellites at a time. Several countries and private companies have initiated new launch efforts to meet this anticipated demand. This paper describes the capability of launch service providers, trends in launch technology and challenges facing this industry.
A note on compressed sensing and the complexity of matrix multiplication
Authors: M. A. Iwen, C. V. Spencer
Venue: Information Processing Letters (2009)

We consider the conjectured O(N^2^+^@e) time complexity of multiplying any two NxN matrices A and B. Our main result is a deterministic Compressed Sensing (CS) algorithm that both rapidly and accurately computes A@?B provided that the resulting matrix product is sparse/compressible. As a consequence of our main result we increase the class of matrices A, for any given NxN matrix B, which allows the exact computation of A@?B to be carried out using the conjectured O(N^2^+^@e) operations. Additionally, in the process of developing our matrix multiplication procedure, we present a modified version of Indyk's recently proposed extractor-based CS algorithm [P. Indyk, Explicit constructions for compressed sensing of sparse signals, in: SODA, 2008] which is resilient to noise.
A Performance Study of Affine Projection Adaptive Equalizers in the Presence of Strong Narrowband Interference
Authors: Zhu Yong-Gang, Zhu Yi-Yong, Yao Fu-Qiang, Liu Yong-Xiang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 WRI International Conference on Communications and Mobile Computing - Volume 02 (2009)

In the presence of narrowband interference, non-Wiener effects have been observed for the normalized least-mean-square (NLMS) equalizers. These effects can lead to performance improvements over the fixed Wiener filter with the same model structure, but the convergence rate of the NLMS equalizer slows down seriously. In this paper, the steady-state and convergence performances of the affine projection (AP) equalizer are studied in the presence of multipath and narrowband interferences. Examples show that non-Wiener effects can also occur with the AP equalizer, especially when the order of the AP equalizer is small. And more importantly, the convergence rate of the AP equalizer with high order is robust to the interference and multipath characteristics. Tradeoff between steady-state and convergence performances, the first order AP equalizer works very well even for severe multipath and narrowband interference, where the NLMS equalizer fails.
Pure Nash equilibria in player-specific and weighted congestion games
Authors: Heiner Ackermann, Heiko Röglin, Berthold Vöcking
Venue: Theoretical Computer Science (2009)

Unlike standard congestion games, weighted congestion games and congestion games with player-specific delay functions do not necessarily possess pure Nash equilibria. It is known, however, that there exist pure equilibria for both of these variants in the case of singleton congestion games, i.e., if the players' strategy spaces contain only sets of cardinality one. In this paper, we investigate how far such a property on the players' strategy spaces guaranteeing the existence of pure equilibria can be extended. We show that both weighted and player-specific congestion games admit pure equilibria in the case of matroid congestion games, i.e., if the strategy space of each player consists of the bases of a matroid on the set of resources. We also show that the matroid property is the maximal property that guarantees pure equilibria without taking into account how the strategy spaces of different players are interweaved. Additionally, our analysis of player-specific matroid congestion games yields a polynomial time algorithm for computing pure equilibria. We also address questions related to the convergence time of such games. For player-specific matroid congestion games, in which the best response dynamics may cycle, we show that from every state there exists a short sequences of better responses to an equilibrium. For weighted matroid congestion games, we present a superpolynomial lower bound on the convergence time of the best response dynamics showing that players do not even converge in pseudopolynomial time.
Image Inpainting Considering Brightness Change and Spatial Locality of Textures and Its Evaluation
Authors: Norihiko Kawai, Tomokazu Sato, Naokazu Yokoya
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd Pacific Rim Symposium on Advances in Image and Video Technology (2009)

Image inpainting techniques have been widely investigated to remove undesired objects in an image. Conventionally, missing parts in an image are completed by optimizing the objective function using pattern similarity. However, unnatural textures are easily generated due to two factors: (1) available samples in the image are quite limited, and (2) pattern similarity is one of the required conditions but is not sufficient for reproducing natural textures. In this paper, we propose a new energy function based on the pattern similarity considering brightness changes of sample textures (for (1)) and introducing spatial locality as an additional constraint (for (2)). The effectiveness of the proposed method is successfully demonstrated by qualitative and quantitative evaluation. Furthermore, the evaluation methods used in much inpainting research are discussed.
Implementation of e-government in Nepal: prospects, opportunities and threats
Authors: Kshitish Bhattarai, Manoj Kumar Gupta
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance (2008)

The aim of this paper is to provide a glimpse of the ICT infrastructure of Nepal, i.e., policies, network facilities, resources, current status of e-Government framework, the prospects of implementing e-Government, opportunities the people and the government will get from it and some of the threats that e-Government projects will face during implementation.
Arabic diacritic restoration approach based on maximum entropy models
Authors: Imed Zitouni, Ruhi Sarikaya
Venue: Computer Speech and Language (2009)

In modern standard Arabic and in dialectal Arabic texts, short vowels and other diacritics are omitted. Exceptions are made for important political and religious texts and in scripts for beginning students of Arabic. Scripts without diacritics have considerable ambiguity because many words with different diacritic patterns appear identical in a diacritic-less setting. In this paper we present a maximum entropy approach for restoring short vowels and other diacritics in an Arabic document. The approach can easily integrate and make effective use of diverse types of information; the model we propose integrates a wide array of lexical, segment-based and part-of-speech tag features. The combination of these feature types leads to a high-performance diacritic restoration model. Using a publicly available corpus (LDC's Arabic Treebank Part 3), we achieve a diacritic error rate of 5.1%, a segment error rate 8.5%, and a word error rate of 17.3%. In case-ending-less setting, we obtain a diacritic error rate of 2.2%, a segment error rate of 4.0%, and a word error rate of 7.2%. We also show in this paper a comparison of our approach to previously published techniques and we demonstrate the effectiveness of this technique in restoring diacritics in different kind of data such as the dialectal Iraqi Arabic scripts.
Factors affecting cross-hospital exchange of Electronic Medical Records
Authors: I-Chiu Chang, Hsin-Ginn Hwang, Ming-Chien Hung, Kuang-Ming Kuo, David C. Yen
Venue: Information and Management (2009)

Adopting Electronic Medical Record (EMR) exchange may save patients' lives and also improve their health. Most Electronic Data Interchange studies have considered commercial enterprises and necessary funding to support business activities, EMR exchange focuses on saving patients' lives. Our study combined transaction cost and sociological perspectives to identify factors that affect a hospitals' willingness to implement EMR exchange. A survey was conducted with regional hospitals and medical centers in Taiwan to justify the validity of a resulting model. Our findings indicated that the model was valuable and determined which factors influenced the decision to implement EMR exchange at these hospitals (perceived benefits, uncertainty, influence, and reciprocal investments). Based on these findings, healthcare policy makers can promote EMR exchange and hospitals can identify desirable partners that will form a strategic alliance to meet the dynamic challenges in the healthcare industry.
Quantitative expression analysis using oligonucleotide microarrays based on a physico-chemical model
Authors: Naoaki Ono, Shingo Suzuki, Chikara Furusawa, Hiroshi Shimizu, Tetsuya Yomo
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Bio-Inspired Models of Network, Information and Computing Sytems (2008)

High-density DNA microarrays provide useful tools to analyze gene expression comprehensively. However, it is still difficult to obtain accurate expression levels from the observed microarray data because the signal intensity is affected by complicated factors involving probe---target hybridization, such as nonlinear behavior of hybridization, nonspecific hybridization, and folding of probe and target oligonucleotides. Various methods for microarray data analysis have been proposed to address this problem. In our previous report [7], we presented a benchmark analysis of probe---target hybridization using artificially synthesized oligonucleotides as targets, in which effect of nonspecific hybridization was negligible. The results showed that the preceding models explained the behavior of probe---target hybridization only within a narrow range of target concentrations. The experiments showed that finiteness of both probe and target molecules should be considered to understand detail behavior of hybridization. In this paper, we present an extension of the Langmuir-model that reproduces the experimental results consistently and the 3-base nearest neighbor model to improve prediction accuracy. We also introduced effects of secondary structure formation, and dissociation of the probe---target duplex during washing after hybridization. The results will provide useful methods for the understanding and analysis of microarray experiments.
Modified gauss algorithm for matrices with symbolic entries
Authors: Benno Fuchssteiner
Venue: ACM Communications in Computer Algebra (2009)

We propose a modification of the usual algorithms for Gaussian elimination, determination of minors and computation of determinants in case of matrices with symbolic data (polynomials, rational functions, general algebraic structures and the like). The proposed modification improves on the Sasaki-Murao algorithm. The new algorithm aims at improving efficiency for a general class algebraic data like polynomials with non exact coefficients, algebraic structures with zero divisors, rational functions and general functions in several variables. The main difference to other approaches is that we replace the diagonal elements not at the beginning of the algorithm but then when they are taken as a pivot elements (independent wether or not these elements are non-zero). Therefore, our method abolishes the steps where pivot elements are checked to be non-zero, and even zero elements can be used as pivots.
A rapid boundary perturbation algorithm for scattering by families of rough surfaces
Authors: David P. Nicholls
Venue: Journal of Computational Physics (2009)

In this paper we describe a novel algorithm for the computation of scattering returns by families of rough surfaces. This algorithm makes explicit use of the fact that some scattering profiles of engineering interest (e.g., traveling ocean waves) come in branches parameterized analytically by a bifurcation quantity. Our approach delivers recursions which not only can be implemented to yield a rapid, robust and high-order numerical scheme, but also give a new proof of analyticity of scattering quantities with respect to the bifurcation parameter of the surface family. The real advantage of this new approach is that it computes, in one step, the scattered field for all possible members of the family of surfaces. By contrast, other state-of-the-art schemes must restart when the returns from a new surface are desired, so that the cost of our new approach is greatly advantaged when the number of samples of the family reaches even modest values. Numerical results which verify the accuracy of our approach and demonstrate their utility in computing grating efficiencies scattered by traveling surface ocean waves are presented.
Simulation models of two-phase locking of distributed transactions
Authors: Svetlana Vasileva, Aleksandar Milev
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Systems and Technologies and Workshop for PhD Students in Computing (2008)

The paper suggests simulation models of concurrency control of global transactions in Distributed Database Management Systems. We consider mainly concurrency control according to the method of Two-phase locking (2PL). We present simulation models of 2PL in Distributed databases (DDB), which are developed in the environment for imitation modeling GPSS World. Queuing systems models modeling the execution of 2PL in DDB with Data replication are presented: centralized 2PL, primary copy 2PL and distributed 2PL. Some results of the simulations of 2PL in DDB are presented.
Model-Driven Instrumentation of Graphical User Interfaces
Authors: Mathias Funk, Philip Hoyer, Stefan Link
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Second International Conferences on Advances in Computer-Human Interactions (2009)

In today's continuously changing markets newly developed products often do not meet the demands and expectations of customers. Research on this problem identified a large gap between developer and user expectations. Approaches to bridge this gap are to provide the developers with better information on product usage and to create a fast feedback cycle that helps tackling usage problems. Therefore, the user interface of the product, the central point of human-computer interaction, has to be instrumented to collect accurate usage data which serves as basis for further improvement steps. This paper presents a novel engineering approach that combines model-driven user interface development and flexible instrumentation with runtime monitoring. In its application, it enables observation integration into products which provides comprehensive data about usage and thus allows for fast feedback cycles and consequently increased software quality. A case-study demonstrates the applicability of this approach.
A theory of mutations with applications to vacuity, coverage, and fault tolerance
Authors: Orna Kupferman, Wenchao Li, Sanjit A. Seshia
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design (2008)

The quality of formal specifications and the circuits they are written for can be evaluated through checks such as vacuity and coverage. Both checks involve mutations to the specification or the circuit implementation. In this context, we study and prove properties of mutations to finite-state systems. Since faults can be viewed as mutations, our theory of mutations can also be used in a formal approach to fault injection. We demonstrate theoretically and with experimental results how relations and orders amongst mutations can be used to improve specifications and reason about coverage of fault tolerant circuits.
Analysis of application patterns of Z-type MEMS microspring
Authors: Hua Li, Shi Gengchen
Venue: Microsystem Technologies (2009)

In this paper, we design a Z-type microspring, which consists of several &#x201c;Z&#x201d; type micromechanical beams within mutual connection. With good mechanical performance and mature LIGA fabrication technology, Ni is chosen as the material of Z-type MEMS microspring. The mechanical properties of electroformed Ni have been tested by the Micro Hardness Tester, and the Young&#x2019;s modulus is 219&#x00a0;GPa. Different from traditional springs, microsprings can be divided into three application patterns in direction x, y, and z to study. Applying the Castigliano second theorem of energy method in macro theory, the formulas used to calculate the spring constant of Z-type microspring in the directions of the three application patterns were derived, and verified by the ANSYS finite element method. Using the Tytron250 micro force test machine, the experiments of the Z-type microspring deformation properties were carried out. The spring constant, rupture force and rupture strength of Z-type microspring in direction y are 3821&#x00a0;N/m, 1.64&#x00a0;N and 1.61&#x00a0;GPa, respectively. The experimental results agree with the theoretical analysis. Based on the analysis above, the change laws of the spring constant of microspring in the three application patterns are summarized.
Computer Algebra With SymbolicC++
Authors: Yorick Hardy, Kiat Shi Tan, Willi-Hans Steeb
Venue:  (2008)

This book gives a comprehensive introduction to computer algebra together with advanced topics in this field. It provides a detailed coverage of the mathematics of computer algebra as well as a step-by-step guide to implement a computer algebra system in the object-oriented language C++. The used tools from C++ are introduced in detail. Numerous examples from mathematics, physics and engineering are presented to illustrate the system's capabilities. Computer algebra implementations in LISP and Haskell are also included. In addition, gene expression programming and multiexpression programming with applications to computer algebra are introduced.
Interfacial transition regions at germanium/Hf oxide based dielectric interfaces: Qualitative differences between non-crystalline Hf Si oxynitride and nanocrystalline HfO2 gate stacks
Authors: G. Lucovsky, S. Lee, J. P. Long, H. Seo, J. Lüning
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2009)

The contribution from a relatively low-K SiON (K~6) interfacial transition region (ITR) between Si and transition metal high-K gate dielectrics such as nanocrystalline HfO"2 (K~20), and non-crystalline Hf Si oxynitride (K~10-12) places a significant limitation on equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) scaling. This limitation is equally significant for metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors and field effect transistors, MOSCAPs and MOSFETs, respectively, fabricated on Ge substrates. This article uses a novel remote plasma processing approach to remove native Ge ITRs and bond transition metal gate dielectrics directly onto crystalline Ge substrates. Proceeding in this way we identify (i) the source of significant electron trapping at interfaces between Ge and Ge native oxide, nitride and oxynitride ITRs, and (ii) a methodology for eliminating native oxide, or nitride IRTs on Ge, and achieving direct contact between nanocrystalline HfO"2 and non-crystalline high Si"3N"4 content Hf Si oxynitride alloys, and crystalline Ge substrates. We then combine spectroscopic studies, theory and modeling with electrical measurements to demonstrate the relative performance of qualitatively different nanocrystalline and non-crystalline gate dielectrics for MOS Ge test devices.
Suitability of Software Engineering Models for the Production of Usable Software
Authors: Karsten Nebe, Dirk Zimmermann
Venue: Engineering Interactive Systems: EIS 2007 Joint Working Conferences, EHCI 2007, DSV-IS 2007, HCSE 2007, Salamanca, Spain, March 22-24, 2007. Selected Papers (2008)

Software Engineering (SE) and Usability Engineering (UE) both provide a wide range of elaborated process models to create software solutions. Today, many companies have understood that a systematic and structured approach to usability is as important as the process of software development itself. However, theory and practice is still scarce how to incorporate UE methods into development processes. With respect to the quality of software solutions, usability needs to be an integral aspect of software development and therefore the integration of these two processes is a logical and needed step. One challenge is to identify integration points between the two disciplines that allow a close collaboration, with acceptable additional organizational and operational efforts. This paper addresses the questions of where these integration points between SE and UE exist, what kind of fundamental UE activities have to be integrated in existing SE processes, and how this integration can be accomplished.
Open-Loop Control of Particle Systems Based on a Model of Coupled Stochastic Oscillators
Authors: Gerasimos G. Rigatos
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Third International Conference on Quantum, Nano and Micro Technologies (2009)

This paper presents an open-loop control method for particle systems which are modeled as coupled stochastic oscillators. The proposed control approach is flatness-based control. It is explained that the kinematic model of the particles can be derived from the model of the quantum harmonic oscillator. It is shown that the kinematic model of the particles is a differentially-flat system. It is also shown that after applying flatness-based control the mean of the particle system can be steered along a desirable path with infinite accuracy, while each individual particle can track the trajectory within acceptable accuracy levels.
Teaching unified process in software design and development courses: a case study
Authors: Jiang Li
Venue: Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges (2009)

The texts and instructions in software design and development courses often lack practical information for students to go through the complete software development cycle. This paper studies a case of teaching software engineering that emphasizes on applied approaches in real-world projects. A unified process approach was adopted and a practical application for video-rental business was designed, implemented, and tested. Students experienced the entire development cycle of a software product. The results demonstrate the usability of the product and the student evaluations show the effectiveness of the teaching methodology.