ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Parametric study of a sprocket system during heat-treatment process
Authors: P. Liu, Y. Y. Wang, J. Li, C. Lu, K. P. Quek, G. R. Liu
Venue: Finite Elements in Analysis and Design (2003)

The entire heat-treatment process, including induction heating followed by oil quenching, for sprockets made of S45C mid-carbon steel has been systematically analysed. An attempt is made to investigate the effect of geometrical parameters, such as cutout length and height, inner diameter and number of teeth, on the distortion of sprockets by using numerical simulations. In the heat-treatment model, phase transformation and plasticity are considered and temperature-dependent material properties are incorporated. The simulation results of the deformation of the sprockets after heat-treatment show a good agreement with experimental data.
Reliable Detection of Episodes in Event Sequences
Authors: Robert Gwadera, Mikhail Atallah, Wojciech Szpankowski
Venue: Proceedings of the Third IEEE International Conference on Data Mining (2003)

Suppose one wants to detect "bad" or "suspicious" subsequencesin event sequences.Whether an observed patternof activity (in the form of a particular subsequence) is significantand should be a cause for alarm, depends on howlikely it is to occur fortuitously.A long enough sequenceof observed events will almost certainly contain any subsequence,and setting thresholds for alarm is an important issuein a monitoring system that seeks to avoid false alarms.Suppose a long sequence T of observed events contains asuspicious subsequence pattern S within it, where the suspicioussubsequence S consists of m events and spans a windowof size w within T.We address the fundamental problem:is a certain number of occurrences of a particular subsequenceunlikely to be fortuitous (i.e., indicative of suspiciousactivity)?If the probability of fortuitous occurrencesis high and an automated monitoring system flags it as suspiciousanyway, then such a system will suffer from generatingtoo many false alarms.This paper quantifies the probabilityof such an S occuring in T within a window of sizew, the number of distinct windows containing S as a subsequence,the expected number of such occurrences, its variance,and establishes its limiting distribution that allows toset up an alarm threshold so that the probability of falsealarms is very small.We report on experiments confirmingthe theory and showing that we can detect bad subsequenceswith low false alarm rate.
Optimization-based summarization and indexing of extended videos, with application to instructional video semantics
Authors: John R. Kender
Venue:  (2003)

We develop and demonstrate methods to summarize and index extended videos in a semantically informed way, and present semantic compression and linking techniques for instructional videos. We also demonstrate for the first time the extreme degrees to which instructional videos can be usefully compressed and indexed. We first define and design a generic uniform approach for the selection of key frame subsets from videos. By converting the problem of video summarization into the problem of recognizing those key frame subsequences that optimize pre-defined criteria, we present novel off-line optimization-based approaches, and evaluate their superior results compared to those of existing algorithms. Two separate video summarization semantic criteria are provided and explored, one more favorable for video content summarization, and the other more favorable for network transmission and reconstruction. We further extend off-line optimization approaches to real-time on-line dynamic semantic compression by using a human memory buffer model of time-constrained video perception. This model provides a dynamically ratio-adjustable semantic compression for video summarization and streaming. An entire hierarchy of key frame subsets can be retrieved at no additional cost. We show the relationship between the off-line model and the on-line model, and analyze their performance results. Next, we show that these methods naturally lead to efficient summarization of instructional videos by defining semantic measures that capture the content of this genre. Focusing on two dominant presentation formats of instructional videos, those of hand written slide and blackboard, we provide a rule-based approach for extracting clean summary frames with significant content. We demonstrate the extraction of &ldquo;content panorama slides&rdquo; that summarize hand-written content in these videos, by extracting and stitching together their content while maintaining the qualitative spatial relationship of the text lines and figures. We also introduce a novel concept of &ldquo;semantic teaching unit&rdquo;, a meaningful spatial-temporal unit in instructional videos, and present a rule-based method to extract them. We create from semantic teaching units a highly a compact summary (temporally compressed several thousand times), enabling reconstruction and indexing of instructional video content. Finally, we demonstrate how videos containing presentations using formatted computer slides can be efficiently recognized and indexed to their computer-readable sources.
Visible, less visible, and invisible work: patterns of collaboration in 20th century chemistry
Authors: Blaise Cronin, Debora Shaw, Kathryn La Barre
Venue: Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology (2004)

We chronicle the use of acknowledgments in 20th century chemistry by analyzing and classifying over 2,000 specimens covering a 100-year period. Our results show that acknowledgment has gradually established itself as a constitutive element of academic writing--one that provides a revealing insight into the structural nature of subauthorship collaboration in science. Complementary data on rates of coauthorship are also presented to highlight the growing importance of teamwork and the increasing division of labor in contemporary chemistry. The results of this study are compared with the findings of a parallel study of collaboration in both the social sciences and the humanities.
The Management of Distributed Organizational Knowledge
Authors: Susan Gasson
Venue: Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 37th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'04) - Track 8 - Volume 8 (2004)

This paper presents findings from a longitudinal field study examining the problems of managing and transferring local knowledge beyond the specific context and workgroup in which the context and rules for that knowledge are understood. The ways in which a collaborative group managed and communicated local knowledge, translated across organizational boundaries are described. The findings demonstrate a fundamental contradiction between the situated, distributed nature of collaborative knowledge processes and the expectation that software systems will provide codified knowledge. A model is presented that demonstrates a shift from individual knowledge to design knowledge, focusing on the dominant modes of knowledge deployment at different stages of design emergence. The role of specific representational genres, in mobilizing a move from one mode of knowledge-manipulation to another may be significant in boundary-spanning design.
Blind source separation via generalized eigenvalue decomposition
Authors: Lucas Parra, Paul Sajda
Venue: The Journal of Machine Learning Research (2003)

In this short note we highlight the fact that linear blind source separation can be formulated as a generalized eigenvalue decomposition under the assumptions of non-Gaussian, non-stationary, or non-white independent sources. The solution for the unmixing matrix is given by the generalized eigenvectors that simultaneously diagonalize the covariance matrix of the observations and an additional symmetric matrix whose form depends upon the particular assumptions. The method critically determines the mixture coefficients and is therefore not robust to estimation errors. However it provides a rather general and unified solution that summarizes the conditions for successful blind source separation. To demonstrate the method, which can be implemented in two lines of matlab code, we present results for artificial mixtures of speech and real mixtures of electroencephalography (EEG) data, showing that the same sources are recovered under the various assumptions.
The effect of institutional characteristics on participation of women in computer science bachelors degree programs
Authors: Lecia J. Barker, Kathy Garvin-Doxas
Venue: ACM SIGCSE Bulletin (2003)

The poster presents institutional characteristics that can statistically predict the proportion of female computer science bachelors' degrees conferred at institutions. School or college (e.g., engineering) has little predictive power in this model.
The complexity of economic equilibria for house allocation markets
Authors: Sándor P. Fekete, Martin Skutella, Gerhard J. Woeginger
Venue: Information Processing Letters (2003)

We prove NP-completeness of deciding the existence of an economic equilibrium in so-called house allocation markets. House allocation markets are markets with indivisible goods in which every agent holds exactly one copy of some good.
An intelligent design system for analogue integrated circuits
Authors: Georges Gielen, Koen Swings, Willy Sansen
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on European design automation (1990)

A new design methodology for the design of arbitrary analogue functional blocks (op amps, comparators...) is presented. The method combines symbolic simulation, numerical optimization and knowledge-based techniques and covers the whole design path from analytic modeling over optimal circuit sizing down to layout. This path is repeatedly passed through on different hierarchical levels for higher-level blocks.The main advantage of the new CAD system is that it is not limited to a fixed set of circuit topologies. It can automatically design any new circuit by the introduction of artificial intelligence techniques: building block recognition, design equation manipulation, self-learning capabilities... These features make it an intelligent and flexible analogue design system.
Ensuring Compatible Interactions within Component-based Software Systems
Authors: Jun Han, Ksze Kae Ker
Venue: Proceedings of the Tenth Asia-Pacific Software Engineering Conference Software Engineering Conference (2003)

The interface definition of a component in a distributedsystem forms the contract between the component itself andits neighbouring components regarding the use of its services.In general, such a contract should cover the issues ofservice functionality, usage and quality. The Interface DefinitionLanguages (IDLs) used by commercial middlewarestandards such as CORBA primarily address the signatureissues of such a contract, i.e., the forms and types of componentor object services. Nothing is said about other aspectsof the contract, including the way in which the componentservices are to be used. In this paper, we introduce a frame-workand associated techniques that augment commercialIDLs with interaction protocol specifications and validatecomponent interactions against such protocol specificationsat run-time. In effect, the validation becomes a useful toolfor testing whether or not the object services are used properlyin a distributed system. Our approach has been implementedin the CORBA context, but can be readily applied toother IDL-based object/component systems.
Seeing is believing: A common sense theory of the adoption of perception-based beliefs
Authors: John Bell, Zhisheng Huang
Venue: Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing (1999)

In this paper we present a formal common sense theory of the adoption of perception-based beliefs. We begin with a logical analysis of perception and then consider when perception should lead to belief change. Our theory is intended to apply to perception in humans and to perception in artificial agents at the level of the symbolic interface between a vision system and a belief system. In order to provide a context for our work we relate it to the emerging field of cognitive robotics, give an abstract architecture for an agent which is both embodied and capable of reasoning, and relate this to the concrete architectures of two vision-based surveillance systems.
Application-Dependent Testing of FPGA Interconnects
Authors: Mehdi Baradaran Tahoori
Venue: Proceedings of the 18th IEEE International Symposium on Defect and Fault Tolerance in VLSI Systems (2003)

A new technique is presented for testing all possible faults in the interconnects of an arbitrary design implemented into an FPGA. The fault list includes all bridging faults between all pairs of nets in the design, as well as multiple stuck-at and open faults. Test configurations are obtained by just modifying the configuration of logic blocks. The test vector and configuration generation complexity of this method is very small. As presented in the paper, less than 20 test configurations are required in order to detect all the faults, more than 100 billion, for the largest design mapped into the largest commercially available FPGA device, achieving 100% fault coverage.
Interactivity, where to from here?
Authors: Garth Paine
Venue: Organised Sound (2002)

This article is intended to raise some points of interest and mark out some pointers for alternative approaches to the design and execution of interactive music systems and artworks which pursue interaction that:&bull; does not include any pre-defined pathways,&bull; takes dynamic morphology as its foundation, and&bull; implements dynamic software infrastructures, built on the object-oriented model, providing dynamic instrument instantiation, orchestration and timbral control.It is intended that such design would be a precursor to a new approach to interactivity that responds more directly and uniquely to those who engage in the work, and in so doing rewards them more richly for their time, energy and enthusiasm.
Computing complete answers to queries in the presence of limited access patterns
Authors: Chen Li
Venue: The VLDB Journal &mdash; The International Journal on Very Large Data Bases (2003)

Abstract.In data applications such as information integration, there can be limited access patterns to relations, i.e., binding patterns require values to be specified for certain attributes in order to retrieve data from a relation. As a consequence, we cannot retrieve all tuples from these relations. In this article we study the problem of computing the complete answer to a query, i.e., the answer that could be computed if all the tuples could be retrieved. A query is stable if for any instance of the relations in the query, its complete answer can be computed using the access patterns permitted by the relations. We study the problem of testing stability of various classes of queries, including conjunctive queries, unions of conjunctive queries, and conjunctive queries with arithmetic comparisons. We give algorithms and complexity results for these classes of queries. We show that stability of datalog programs is undecidable, and give a sufficient condition for stability of datalog queries. Finally, we study data-dependent computability of the complete answer to a nonstable query, and propose a decision tree for guiding the process to compute the complete answer.
A case study on event dissemination in an active overlay network environment
Authors: Sérgio Duarte, J. Legatheaux Martins, Henrique J. Domingos, Nuno Preguiça
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd international workshop on Distributed event-based systems (2003)

In this paper, we describe a case study of the design and development of a group-conferencing tool suite, built on top of an overlay network based event dissemination framework, which is extensible via quality of service template plug-ins. We explain, for each of the tools, how the framework built-in conveniences were explored to create simple but effective distributed solutions, backed by the appropriate quality of service templates, whose design we also discuss.
Information resources development challenges in a cross-cultural environment
Authors: Wai K. Law
Venue: Managing globally with information technology (2003)

Organizations in the Western world devote much attention to the development of information systems as strategic resources. The transfer of this management practice to a different cultural environment generates new challenges as reported in the experience of a Pacific Basin public institution with Western affiliation, while under strong influence of local cultures and practices. The value of the investment in information resources is judged not only on technical merits, but also on the ability of the organization to properly address the cultural and organizational issues related to information usage.
Taking advantage of national science foundation funding opportunities
Authors: Steve Cunningham, Ernest McDuffie, Harriet Taylor
Venue: ACM SIGCSE Bulletin (2004)

This session will highlight programs in the National Science Foundation EHR Division of Undergraduate Education and CISE Division of Experimental and Integrative Activities that are of interest to college faculty, discussing the requirements and guidelines for programs in these areas. It will include a presentation of the characteristics of a competitive proposal and the proposal and review processes, and participants will be encouraged to explore their ideas with the presenters.
Practical experiments with regular approximation of context-free languages
Authors: Mark-Jan Nederhof
Venue: Computational Linguistics (2000)

Several methods are discussed that construct a finite automaton given a context-free grammar, including both methods that lead to subsets and those that lead to supersets of the original context-free language. Some of these methods of regular approximation are new, and some others are presented here in a more refined form with respect to existing literature. Practical experiments with the different methods of regular approximation are performed for spoken-language input: hypotheses from a speech recognizer are filtered through a finite automaton.
Manufacturing datatypes
Authors: Ralf Hinze
Venue: Journal of Functional Programming (2001)

This article describes a general framework for designing purely functional datatypes that automatically satisfy given size or structural constraints. Using the framework we develop implementations of different matrix types (for example, square matrices) and implementations of several tree types (for example, Braun trees and 2-3 trees). Consider representing square n&times;n matrices. The usual representation using lists of lists fails to meet the structural constraints: there is no way to ensure that the outer list and the inner lists have the same length. The main idea of our approach is to solve in a first step a related, but simpler problem, namely to generate the multiset of all square numbers. To describe this multiset we employ recursion equations involving finite multisets, multiset union, addition and multiplication lifted to multisets. In a second step we mechanically derive from these recursion equations datatype definitions that enforce the &lsquo;squareness&rsquo; constraint. The transformation makes essential use of parameterized types.
Electronic government in Japan: IT utilization status of local government
Authors: Tatsumi Shimada, Kiyoshi Ushida
Venue: Managing IT in government business & communities (2003)

This paper reveals the actual status of local governments' digital readiness in Japan, and describes the stage of achievement in digitalization and related issues. Items requiring analysis are plans for digitalization of governmental administration, organizations, services for residents, information disclosure, and a driving body, as well as impediments to the realization of electronic local governments. The present IT infrastructure in local governments is not yet sufficient, in that the major uses are limited to local area networks (LANs) and e-mail. Prefectures and large cities have relatively advanced governments; however, they are facing financial difficulties. Therefore, it is essential to reduce legacy systems and redirect funds for new IT systems. Security, privacy protection, and organizational conservatism are more important problems to address than equipment shortages.
The pressure of openness: the hybrid work of linux free/open source kernel developers
Authors: Matthew V. Ratto
Venue:  (2003)

The Linux development effort is often seen as a particularly successful example of an Free/Open Source software development process. And vet, the Linux effort has been much less successful at attracting non-technical users. Instead of explaining Linux's successes and failures as due to novel social or technical arrangements, or because of a particular historical moment, I claim that both Linux's success at maintaining coordinated development and its failure to attract a wider audience are related to what I have termed the pressure of openness&mdash;a contradictory yet productive relationship between the need to maintain coordinated development activity and the need to remain open to new development directions and new participants. Linux can thus be explained in relation to the complex combination of social, technical, and organizational features that make up the Linux collective.
Half-heard sounds in the summer air: electroacoustic music in Wellington and the South Island of New Zealand
Authors: Michael Norris, John Young
Venue: Organised Sound (2001)

This article traces the evolution of electroacoustic music in Wellington and the South Island of New Zealand. Electroacoustic music has a well-established tradition in New Zealand, dating back to Douglas Lilburn's pioneering work in the early 1960s. The Victoria University of Wellington Electronic Music Studios (VUW/EMS) that Lilburn established in 1966 became a focal point for electronic music activities in the late 1960s and early 1970s. This article examines current approaches to electroacoustic music composition, and discusses the facilities at Victoria University, the University of Canterbury and the University of Otago.
Distributed Virtual Reality Authoring Interfaces for the WWW: The VR-Shop Case
Authors: I. Varlamis, M. Vazirgiannis, I. Lazaridis, M. Papageorgiou, T. Panayiotopoulos
Venue: Multimedia Tools and Applications (2004)

Electronic commerce is emerging as an important domain of integration and enhancement of more specific technologies and research efforts. It is clear that the role of WWW in this context is a cornerstone as the medium of information dissemination. A trend in e-commerce is to provide to the potential customers the ability to view and &ldquo;try&rdquo; the products in a persuasive 3D representation. We have designed and implemented a system for WWW enabled interactive design visualization of a room, definition of pieces of furniture and placement of domestic appliances. The system conveys a generic approach for distributed creation and update of virtual worlds as means of interaction and information dissemination in an e-commerce context.
Mickey: a macro cell global router
Authors: Dahe Chen, Carl Sechen
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on European design automation (1991)

We present a new graph-based macro cell global router. The placement of the macro cells need not have the slicing structure and the macro cells may have any rectilinear shape. A key contribution is a new algorithm which efficiently generates M shortest routes for every net. The global router then selects one route for each net while seeking to avoid the net routing-order dependence problem. Mickey has two different objective functions, making it applicable to different design styles. It can be used to either minimize the chip area or to minimize the total wire length under channel capacity constraints. Test results on industrial circuits show that Mickey outperforms existing approaches.