ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Application-level isolation and recovery with solitude
Authors: Shvetank Jain, Fareha Shafique, Vladan Djeric, Ashvin Goel
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd ACM SIGOPS/EuroSys European Conference on Computer Systems 2008 (2008)

When computer systems are compromised by an attack, it is difficult to determine the precise extent of the damage caused by the attack because the state changes made by an attacker and those made by regular users can be closely intertwined. This problem occurs due to implicit sharing in operating systems, and it can be especially severe for persistent state. In particular, the file system provides a single namespace that when compromised can have cascading effects on the entire system, making intrusion analysis and recovery a time-consuming and error-prone process. In this paper, we present Solitude, an application-level isolation and recovery system that is designed to both limit the effects of attacks and simplify the post-intrusion recovery process. Solitude uses a copy-on-write filesystem to provide a transparent, restricted privilege isolation environment for running untrusted applications, and it uses an explicit file sharing mechanism across the isolation environments that limits attack propagation without compromising functionality. Solitude provides two modes of recovery. If a sandboxed application proves to be untrustworthy, a course-grained recovery method allows easily removing the footprint of the software. However, if a user mistakenly moves malicious files to the trusted environment via explicit file sharing, then Solitude uses data dependency tracking to allow fine-grained recovery.
MARS: A metamodel recovery system using grammar inference
Authors: Faizan Javed, Marjan Mernik, Jeff Gray, Barrett R. Bryant
Venue: Information and Software Technology (2008)

Domain-specific modeling (DSM) assists subject matter experts in describing the essential characteristics of a problem in their domain. When a metamodel is lost, repositories of domain models can become orphaned from their defining metamodel. Within the purview of model-driven engineering, the ability to recover the design knowledge in a repository of legacy models is needed. In this paper we describe MARS, a semi-automatic grammar-centric system that leverages grammar inference techniques to solve the metamodel recovery problem. The paper also contains an applicative case study, as well as experimental results from the recovery of several metamodels in diverse domains.
An Extensive Empirical Study of Feature Selection for Text Categorization
Authors: Li-Qing Qiu, Ru-Yi Zhao, Gang Zhou, Sheng-Wei Yi
Venue: Proceedings of the Seventh IEEE/ACIS International Conference on Computer and Information Science (icis 2008) (2008)

We present a novel feature selection (FS) approach for text categorization. It first constructs a local feature set for each category by selecting a set of features based on three different schemes: DF, TF and TFIDF, and then constructs a global feature set utilizing well-known CHI method based on the local feature set. The experimental comparison is carried out between our method and CHI method. Results from the experiments are summarized. The results show that our proposed method based on DF scheme can perform comparatively well with CHI methods.
A 2D approach to tomographic image reconstruction using a Hopfield-type neural network
Authors: Robert Cierniak
Venue: Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (2008)

Objective: In this paper a new approach to tomographic image reconstruction from projections is developed and investigated. Method: To solve the reconstruction problem a special neural network which resembles a Hopfield net is proposed. The reconstruction process is performed during the minimizing of the energy function in this network. To improve the performance of the reconstruction process an entropy term is incorporated into energy expression. Result and conclusion: The approach presented in this paper significantly decreases the complexity of the reconstruction problem.
Bilateral Foot Center of Pressure during Trunk Forward Bending and Reaching
Authors: I-Fang Tseng, Jen-Suh Chern
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on BioMedical Engineering and Informatics - Volume 02 (2008)

This study analyze bilateral foot center of pressure (CoP) and compare the extent of bilateral lower limb involvements during trunk forward bending and reaching in stroke patients. The measures of limb involvements were maximum CoP displacement in anterior-posterior direction and the proximal and distal ends of the CoP trajectory. Side of foot and target location interaction effects were significant for maximal CoP anterior-posterior displacement The target location didn’t affect the proximal end of the CoP trajectory neither did it affect the difference between feet. The target location affected the distal end of the CoP trajectory) and the CoP maximal anterior-posterior displacement significantly, but only the later parameter showed the difference between feet for specific target locations. The pedeography also show the target effects on CoP and different extent of bilateral limb involvements. The extent of bilateral limb involvement varied with target locations. The relationship between foot CoP and neuromuscular control needs further investigations.
The Copyright Clink Conundrum: Is Chan Nai-Ming the Modern Day Josef K.?
Authors: Stuart Weinstein, Charles Wild
Venue: International Review of Law, Computers and Technology (2007)

A study of the plight of the unfortunate3 Mr Chan Nai-Ming of Hong Kong leads the authors to conclude that a by-product of the digital age is the increasing criminalisation of copyright law. Increasingly, there is a worldwide trend to impose criminal liability for copyright infringement. For instance, in Australia broad ranging amendments to the Copyright Act, which (in part) implement obligations under the Australia-US Free Trade Agreement (AUSFTA) were introduced into parliament on 19 October 2006.4 This is part of a growing trend that originated in the United States with the introduction of harsh criminal laws to prohibit the infringement of copyrighted works to prevent piracy.5 However, according to the Law Society's intellectual property working group an EU directive intended to target organized crime could see innocent victims face criminal proceedings for intellectual property infringement.6 Significantly, it would appear that few have considered the absurd 'full-on' ramifications of this attempt to impose criminal sanctions on those who commit minor infringements of copyrighted works.
Error Sequence Analysis
Authors: Jaekwang Lee, Intaik Park, Edward J. McCluskey
Venue: Proceedings of the 26th IEEE VLSI Test Symposium (2008)

With increasing IC process variation and increased operating speed, it is more likely that even subtle defects will lead to the malfunctioning of a circuit. Various fault models, such as the transition fault model and the path-delay model, have been used to aid delay defect detection. However, these models are not efficient for small-delay defect coverage or for test pattern generation time. Error sequence analysis utilizes the order in which the errors occur during a frequency sweep of a transition test to identify small-delay defects that may escape the same test applied in the conventional way. Moreover, it can detect such defects even in the presence of inter-die process variations, such as lot-to-lot and wafer-to-wafer process variation. In addition, error sequence analysis is very effective in separating devices with delay defects from devices that have failed due to process variation.
Multimedia system synchronization in large scale auditoriums by flexible principles and applications & the analysis of a sample from Istanbul, Turkey
Authors: Pelin Yildiz
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th WSEAS International Conference on Computational Intelligence, Man-Machine Systems and Cybernetics (2006)

Multimedia is an effective tool for the presentation quality and the created atmosphere in the whole structure of an auditorium by various ways supplied by technical data and input. The virtual interior impression is the high-tech renovations of the real with the newly invented and contemporary appliance hardware. The auditoriums that are concerned in this study are flexible spaces with variable design allocation cumulated around the same basis performing a system which should be synchronized to be a fascinating and optimized production planning. The planning issue is the basic point of this interactive design. The synchronized systematic work is the reflection of the success of the team work at the end. This processes maintained by computational intelligence is the basic point of this study. In this work the advantages and disadvantages of the computational intelligence in auditorium stage organization and the analysis of a sample from Turkey, Istanbul, the flexible auditorium of the 'Lütfü Kirdar Congress and Conventional Center' is being identified.
Analysis Techniques for Service Models
Authors: Wolfgang Reisig, Dirk Fahland, Niels Lohmann, Peter Massuthe, Christian Stahl, Daniela Weinberg, Karsten Wolf, Kathrin Kaschner
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Leveraging Applications of Formal Methods, Verification and Validation (2006)

The paradigm of Service-Oriented Computing (SOC) provides a framework for interorganizational business processes and for the emerging programming-in-the-large. The basic idea of SOC, the interaction of services, rises a lot of issues such as proper termination of interacting services or substitution of a service by another one. Such issues can be addressed by means of models of services. We show how services can intelligibly be modeled, and we present algorithms and tools to analyze properties of service models. To make sure that our models properly reflect real world issues of services, we model and investigate services represented in established languages such as WS-BPEL.
From Findings to Theories: Institutionalizing Social Informatics
Authors: Steve Sawyer, Andrea Tapia
Venue: The Information Society (2007)

We focus here on the history, status, and future of social informatics. In doing this we build on the visionary work of the late Rob Kling. Social informatics research contributes insights and perspectives to the study of computing in our society that other approaches do not. We make the case that social informatics is on its way to becoming a scholarly institution: accepted as one of the several approaches to study computing, and in particular, the approach best suited to engage on computerization. In making this case, we highlight the value of social informatics, summarize its principles and common findings, point to current work and issues, illustrate the three perspectives through which to pursue this scholarship, and identify several current activities remaining for social informatics to institutionalize.
The Internet and Governance in Asia: A Critical Reader, 1st edition
Authors: Indrajit Banerjee
Venue:  (2007)

This book constitutes a first ever attempt to map the impact of the Internet on governance in Asia. It examines key implications for democratization, cyber security, e-government, technical coordination and Internet policy and regulation. The book is divided into the following five sections: Internet and Democracy: ways in which the Internet has been harnessed to promote greater democratization, public debate and political participation; E-Government: the provision of services through the Internet and other ICT networks and its impact on public accountability and transparency; Cyber Security: the critical issues and concerns such as surveillance as well as the means by which the Internet can be effectively used to improve security as well as minimize risks from terrorism; Internet Governance: critical issues relating to the technical coordination of the Internet and the prospects for the best possible means to govern the structure and operations of the Internet. Internet Policy and Regulation: key policy and regulatory issues and concerns relating to the use and impact of the Internet.
Finding frequent items in probabilistic data
Authors: Qin Zhang, Feifei Li, Ke Yi
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data (2008)

Computing statistical information on probabilistic data has attracted a lot of attention recently, as the data generated from a wide range of data sources are inherently fuzzy or uncertain. In this paper, we study an important statistical query on probabilistic data: finding the frequent items. One straightforward approach to identify the frequent items in a probabilistic data set is to simply compute the expected frequency of an item and decide if it exceeds a certain fraction of the expected size of the whole data set. However, this simple definition misses important information about the internal structure of the probabilistic data and the interplay among all the uncertain entities. Thus, we propose a new definition based on the possible world semantics that has been widely adopted for many query types in uncertain data management, trying to find all the items that are likely to be frequent in a randomly generated possible world. Our approach naturally leads to the study of ranking frequent items based on confidence as well. Finding likely frequent items in probabilistic data turns out to be much more difficult. We first propose exact algorithms for offline data with either quadratic or cubic time. Next, we design novel sampling-based algorithms for streaming data to find all approximately likely frequent items with theoretically guaranteed high probability and accuracy. Our sampling schemes consume sublinear memory and exhibit excellent scalability. Finally, we verify the effectiveness and efficiency of our algorithms using both real and synthetic data sets with extensive experimental evaluations.
Short odd cycles in 4-chromatic graphs
Authors: A. Nilli
Venue: Journal of Graph Theory (1999)

It is shown that any 4-chromatic graph on n vertices contains an odd cycle of length smaller than &radic;8n. &copy; 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Graph Theory 31: 145&ndash;147, 1999
A Simplified Model of Carbon Nanotube Transistor with Applications to Analog and Digital Design
Authors: Saurabh Sinha, Asha Balijepalli, Yu Cao
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th international symposium on Quality Electronic Design (2008)

A compact model for the Carbon nanotube transistor (CNFET) is presented in this work. This simple model aids the first-order analysis for digital and analog design with CNFET. Based on the physical understanding of ballistic transport in the CNFET channel and tunneling at the Schottky barrier contacts, we develop a set of closed-form expressions that predict the device behavior with varying process and bias conditions. Using this model, we compare a CNFET with 22nm MOSFET in both digi-tal and analog domains. We conclude that (1) a CNFET digital circuit can be more than 10X faster than 22nm CMOS; (2) there is 10X improvement in gm for compara-ble device dimensions, and (3) >25X improvement in gDS for comparable saturation current. This simple, scalable model is an efficient tool for analytical treatment of CNFET based circuits, revealing potential design oppor-tunities, especially in the analog domain.
Agent Based Semantic Interoperability between Agents and Semantic Web Languages
Authors: Saman Iftikhar, H. Farooq Ahmad, Hiroki Suguri
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications - Workshops (2008)

The flourishing idea of Semantic Web is realized as extension of the World Wide Web infrastructure. The WWW has rehabilitated interest in semantic interoperability between various semantic languages. Semantic languages like OWL, WSML and FIPA SL formalize WWW into machine process able and understandable, by their ability to represent machine interpretable contents on the Web. These semantic description languages differ in syntax and semantic representation, resulting in mismatches that hamper semantic information exchange and interoperability for cross service utilization among the resulting information systems. In this paper we propose agent based technique to facilitate translation among heterogeneous contents while preserving the semantics. We propose the architecture to realize the system in a middleware that enables agent based dynamic semantic interoperability between FIPA compliant software agents and semantic web languages including OWL and WSML. We have developed a prototype application through which a software agent communicate and use a web service published in OWL or WSML and vice versa.
Reconstruction of Cellular Biological Structures from Optical Microscopy Data
Authors: Kishore Mosaliganti, Lee Cooper, Richard Sharp, Raghu Machiraju, Gustavo Leone, Kun Huang, Joel Saltz
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics (2008)

Early efforts in the visualization of microscopic biological structures have been impeded by the lack of a rigorous cellular segmentation approach, insufficient slicing resolution and slicing deformations associated with serial-section histology volumes. We develop algorithms that address these challenges. In this paper, geodesic active contours using shape priors is employed to obtain initial segmentations of salient cellular structures. Overlapping cells are resolved by imposing a Voronoi-like tessellation of the image space optimized by a Bayesian probability framework. Intermediate slices are introduced between images to account for the insufficient slicing resolution. Results of the cellular segmentation step are used in conjunction with a cell shape model to interpolate the 3D cellular locations and shapes onto the adjacent slices thereby enhancing the expressivity and utility of the resulting visualizations. Our methods are applied in a case-study involving the 3D visualization of the epithelial cell lining and lobules in mouse mammary ducts.
Usability Evaluation of Humanoid-Animation Avatar with Physiological Signals
Authors: Sonho Kim, Gil Cheol Park, Seoksoo Kim
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 Frontiers in the Convergence of Bioscience and Information Technologies (2007)

Many researchers have undertaken studies on the ecological perception and immersive feelings of computer user interface implementation. However, there has been very little interest in the physiological signal based usability evaluation in the virtual reality area. In this paper, we compare physiological signals of scenario based animation and humanoid-animation (H-Anim) avatar to those of real life data. Our research results show that the physiological signals of the H-Anim avatar are similar to those of the real life data. By using physiological signals, usability performance of the H-Anim avatar can be measured more accurately and intuitively.
Monotone finite volume schemes for diffusion equations on polygonal meshes
Authors: Guangwei Yuan, Zhiqiang Sheng
Venue: Journal of Computational Physics (2008)

We construct a nonlinear finite volume (FV) scheme for diffusion equation on star-shaped polygonal meshes and prove that the scheme is monotone, i.e., it preserves positivity of analytical solutions for strongly anisotropic and heterogeneous full tensor coefficients. Our scheme has only cell-centered unknowns, and it treats material discontinuities rigorously and offers an explicit expression for the normal flux. Numerical results are presented to show how our scheme works for preserving positivity on various distorted meshes for both smooth and non-smooth highly anisotropic solutions. And numerical results show that our scheme appears to be approximate second-order accuracy for the solution and first-order accuracy for the flux.
Global optimization in protein docking using clustering, underestimation and semidefinite programming
Authors: Roummel F. Marcia, Julie C. Mitchell, Stephen J. Wright
Venue: Optimization Methods Software (2007)

The underestimation of data points by a convex quadratic function is a useful tool for approximating the location of the global minima of potential energy functions that arise in protein-ligand docking problems. Determining the parameters that define the underestimator can be formulated as a convex quadratically constrained quadratic program and solved efficiently using algorithms for semidefinite programming (SDP). In this paper, we formulate and solve the underestimation problem using SDP and present numerical results for active site prediction in protein docking.
Consensus Genetic Maps as Median Orders from Inconsistent Sources
Authors: Benjamin N. Jackson, Patrick S. Schnable, Srinivas Aluru
Venue: IEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics (TCBB) (2008)

A genetic map is an ordering of geneticmarkers calculated from a population of known lineage.While traditionally a map has been generated from a singlepopulation for each species, recently researchers have createdmaps from multiple populations. In the face of thesenew data, we address the need to find a consensus map &#x2014; a map that combines the information from multiple partialand possibly inconsistent input maps. We model eachinput map as a partial order and formulate the consensusproblem as finding a median partial order. Finding themedian of multiple total orders (preferences or rankings)is a well studied problem in social choice. We choose tofind the median using the weighted symmetric differencedistance, a more general version of both the symmetricdifference distance and the Kemeny distance. Finding amedian order using this distance is NP-hard. We showthat for our chosen weight assignment, a median ordersatisfies the positive responsiveness, extended Condorcet,and unanimity criteria. Our solution involves finding themaximum acyclic subgraph of a weighted directed graph.We present a method that dynamically switches betweenan exact branch and bound algorithm and a heuristicalgorithm, and show that for real data from closely relatedorganisms, an exact median can often be found.We presentexperimental results using seven populations of the cropplant Zea mays.