ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Quantitative forearm muscle strength influences radial bone mineral density in osteoporotic and healthy males
Authors: R. Hürrem Özdurak, Serkan Düz, Güler Arsal, Yasin Akıncı, Nilüfer Kablan, Sedat Işıklı, Feza Korkusuz
Venue: Technology and Health Care (2003)

Fractures are not rare in male osteoporosis and bone mineral density (BMD) measurement is used in the diagnosis and monitoring, preventing and/or treating the disease. Muscle strength and BMD are highly related to each other. The distal radius is one of the most common sites of osteoporotic fractures. The relationship of quantitative muscle strength and BMD of the forearm has not yet been established. The objective of this study was to assess forearm muscle strength and grip strength in relation to BMD in 46 osteoporotic and randomly selected 45 healthy male participants. Forearm muscle strength and BMD were quantitatively measured using an isokinetic dynamometer and dual-energy-X-ray-absorptiometry (DEXA), respectively. Significant correlation was found among the muscle strength and dominant forearm BMD in 60 and 120 deg/s velocities. In the non-dominant arm, the 120 deg/s velocity was only significantly positively correlated to forearm BMD. Pearson's Product coefficient presented a moderate correlation between muscle strength and BMD at the dominant arms of both groups, whereas, the difference in the non-dominant forearm came from the difference of usage frequency. In conclusion, quantitative forearm muscle strength and BMD is moderately correlated and exercise can be advised to prevent distal radius fractures in male osteoporosis.
Interval-valued statistics, fuzzy logic, and their use in computational semantics
Authors: Berlin Wu, Ching-Min Sun
Venue: Journal of Intelligent Fuzzy Systems: Applications in Engineering and Technology (2001)

In many expositions of fuzzy methods, fuzzy techniques are described as an alternative to a more traditional statistical approach. In this paper, we present a class of real-life situations in which fuzzy techniques can be naturally reformulated in statistical terms: namely, in terms of interval-valued statistics. We hope that this reformation will make the corresponding fuzzy techniques more acceptable to researchers whose only experience is in using traditional statistical methods.
Loop-level Speculative Parallelism in Embedded Applications
Authors: Mafijul Md. Islam, Alexander Busck, Mikael Engbom, Simji Lee, Michel Dubois, Per Stenstrom
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 International Conference on Parallel Processing (2007)

As multi-core microprocessors are becoming widely adopted, the need to extract thread-level parallelism (TLP) from single-threaded applications in a seamless fashion increases. In this paper, we characterize the nature of TLP in embedded applications and study the limits of performance speedup using parallelizing compilers on platforms with and without support for thread-level speculation. First and somewhat expected, only two out of ten applications from the consumer and telecom domains of the EEMBC suite could be automatically parallelized on multi-core architectures without thread-level speculation (TLS) support. We systematically study the speedup obtained by parallelizing compiler technologies by factoring in the impact of the number of cores, thread decomposition strategies, and thread-management overhead. Overall, we have found that a TLS substrate is critical to uncover thread level parallelism and thread-management overhead must be low. On an eight-way multi-core system, it is possible to achieve a speedup of four, on average, for six out of the ten applications of EEMBC which we have analyzed.
Log-correlation Distance And Fourier Transform With Kullback-Leibler Divergence Distance For Construction Of Vertebrate Phylogeny Using Complete Mitochondrial Genomes
Authors: L. Q. Zhou, Z. G. Yu, P. R. Nie, F. F. Liao, V. V. Anh, Y. J. Chen
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Natural Computation - Volume 02 (2007)

For vertebrate mitochondrial genomes, some phylogenies have been built by various methods with or without sequence alignment. These methods are important for the problem of classification and evolution. In this paper, we propose two approaches to analyze the phylogenetic relationship of 64 vertebrates using complete mitochondrial genomes without sequence alignment. The first approach combines discrete Fourier transform (DFT) with Kullback- Leibler divergence (KLD) distance. The second one directly uses a log-correlation distance. Both methods are based on compositional vectors of DNA sequences or protein sequences from the complete genome. The phylogenetic trees show that the mitochondrial genomes are separated into three major groups. One group corresponds to mammals; one group corresponds to fish; and the other one is Archosauria (including birds and reptiles). In particular, the structure of the tree based on log-correlation distance are roughly in agreement in topology with the current known phylogenies of vertebrates.
A Binary Floating-Point Resistor
Authors: Y. Paker
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (1971)

The digital computer control of physical processes requires parameters that can be altered digitally. A resistor design is described that provides settings in a wide range with fixed precision. For this purpose a binary floating-point format is used both for expressing the resistor values and for the digital setting. A resistor structure is given that yields values expressed by the above format. Implementation employing electromechanical and electronic components is presented. The configuration described compares favorably with a straightforward binary design. It is expected that such a resistor will be especially useful for hybrid passive-network analyzer applications and, employed as a reference device, for the digital-to-analog and analog-to-digital conversion of other kinds of quantities.
VLSI-Oriented Architecture for Two's Complement Serial-Parallel Multiplication without Speed Penalty
Authors: Sangman Moh
Venue: Proceedings of the The 2007 International Conference Computational Science and its Applications (2007)

A serial-parallel multiplier computes a product by multiplying a parallel input and a serial (or online) input. Serial-parallel multipliers are frequently used in digital communication systems, digital signal processing, on-line computing applications, and embedded computing and communication systems. In this paper, a VLSI-oriented, size-efficient two's complement serial-parallel multiplication architecture is proposed. In addition to its smaller size, it is also suitable for VLSI implementation because it consists of modularized logic cells and locally interconnected signals. According to the analysis results for 2- to 32- bit multiplication, the proposed architecture requires up to 30 percent smaller size without speed penalty compared to the previous architecture.
Action Patterns for the Incremental Specification of the Execution Semantics of Visual Languages
Authors: Paolo Bottoni, Juan de Lara, Esther Guerra
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (2007)

We present a new approach -- based on graph transformation -- to incremental specification of the operational (execution) semantics of visual languages. The approach combines editing rules with two meta-models: one to define the concrete syntax and one for the static semantics. We introduce the notion of action patterns, defining basic actions (e.g. consuming or producing a token in transition-based semantics), in a way similar to graph transformation rules. The application of action patterns to a static semantics editing rule produces a meta-rule, to be paired with the firing of the corresponding syntactic rule to incrementally build an execution rule. An execution rule is thus tailored to any active element (e.g. a transition in a Petri net model) in the model. Examples from Petri nets, state automata and workflow languages illustrate these ideas .
Systematic Testing of Model-Based Code Generators
Authors: Ingo Stuermer, Mirko Conrad, Heiko Doerr, Peter Pepper
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering (2007)

Unlike for conventional compilers for imperative programming languages such as C or ADA, no establishedmethods for safeguarding artifacts generated by model-based code generators exist despite progress in the field of formalverification. Several test approaches dominate the engineering practice. This paper describes a general and toolindependenttest architecture for code generators used in model-based development. We evaluate the effectiveness of ourtest approach by means of testing optimizations performed by the TargetLink code generator, a widely accepted andcomplex development tool used in automotive model-based development.
Stable nonlinear adaptive controller for an autonomous underwater vehicle using neural networks
Authors: Ji-Hong Li, Pan-Mook Lee, Seok Won Hong, Sang Jeong Lee
Venue: International Journal of Systems Science (2007)

In general, the dynamics of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) are highly nonlinear and their hydrodynamic coefficients vary with different operating conditions. For this reason, high performance control system for an AUV usually should have the capacities of learning and adaptation to the time-varying dynamics of the vehicle. In this article, we present a robust adaptive nonlinear control scheme for an AUV, where a linearly parameterized neural network (LPNN) is introduced to approximate the uncertainties of the vehicle's dynamics, and the basis function vector of the network is constructed according to the vehicle's physical properties. The proposed control scheme can guarantee that all of the signals in the closed-loop system are uniformly ultimately bounded (UUB). Numerical simulation studies are performed to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
Parametric Model Based on GA and SVM
Authors: Weiwei Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Natural Computation - Volume 05 (2007)

A new method to develop a parametric model based on genetic algorithm (GA) and support vector machines (SVM) is proposed. The proposed method is achieved in three steps. In the first step, the non- stationarity of the series is identified. If the time series is stationary, the second step is executed directly. If the time series has the characteristics of non-stationarity, the non-stationary time series is processed to become a stationary time series by trend extraction technique and then the second step is executed. In the second step, GA is used to determine the primary order of the parametric model. In the last step, the order of the parametric model is determined further using SVM on the basis of the result of the second step and hence the final parametric model is developed. GA is adopted to construct the rough frame of the parametric model, which reduces the task of SVM. SVM is produced to improve the generalization performance of the parametric model obtained based on GA in the second step. The simulation result shows that the proposed method outperforms the single GA and single SVM.
A fuzzy logic system for steady-state security analysis of power networks
Authors: U. Kaymak, R. Babuška, H. R. van Nauta Lemke, G. Honderd
Venue: Journal of Intelligent Fuzzy Systems: Applications in Engineering and Technology (1998)

A fuzzy logic rule-based system for assessing steady-state security of a power network with a ring structure is presented. The system uses the measurements of the network state, the information about the network configuration, physical knowledge about the system and rules to determine the security class. The security is determined in a hierarchical manner, first at the component level and then at the network level. The rules are obtained from experts in the field of power systems, and describe the approximate behavior of the network based on knowledge about the physical principles and the network topology. A new defuzzification operator is introduced, which allows the fuzzy logic system to follow different strategies such as risk aware operation. A graphical interface has been built for realizing effective interaction with the operators. The developed system has been tested on the 380 kV Dutch transmission network and it has been found that the classification corresponds to the opinion of experienced operators as to the security class.
The linear complexity of new generalized cyclotomic binary sequences of order four
Authors: Tongjiang Yan, Li Hong, Guozhen Xiao
Venue: Information Sciences: an International Journal (2008)

Whiteman generalized cyclotomic sequences are proven to exhibit a number of good randomness properties. In this paper we determine the linear complexity of some newly generalized cyclotomic sequences, of order four with period pq which are defined by Ding and Helleseth. The results show that all of these sequences have high linear complexity.
Compiler Analysis of the Value Ranges for Variables
Authors: W. H. Harrison
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering (1977)

Programs can be analyzed to determine bounds on the ranges of values assumed by variables at various points in the program. This range information can then be used to eliminate redundant tests, verify correct operation, choose data representations, select code to be generated, and provide diagnostic information. Sophisticated analyses involving the proofs of complex assertions are sometimes required to derive accurate range information for the purpose of proving programs correct. The performance of such algorithms may be unacceptable for the routine analysis required during the compilation process. This paper presents a discussion of mechanical range analysis employing techniques practical for use in a compiler. This analysis can also serve as a useful adjunct to the more sophisticated techniques required for program proving.
Applicability of adaptive noise cancellation to fetal heart rate detection using photoplethysmography
Authors: Edmond Zahedi, Gan Kok Beng
Venue: Computers in Biology and Medicine (2008)

In this paper, an approach based on adaptive noise cancellation (ANC) is evaluated for extraction of the fetal heart rate using photoplethysmographic signals from the maternal abdomen. A simple optical model is proposed in which the maternal and fetal blood pulsations result in emulated signals where the lower SNR limit (fetal to maternal) is -25dB. It is shown that a recursive least-squares algorithm is capable of extracting the peaks of the fetal PPG from these signals, for typical values of maternal and fetal tissues.
Software Reliability
Authors: B. Elspas
Venue: Computer (1971)

During the last decade there have appeared in the literature many contributions on the reliability aspects of computer hardware, but relatively few on software. We see this balance changing as software is now becoming the most expensive and complex item in a computer installation. This situation is intensifying as applications become more sophisticated, as larger teams are required to produce the software, and as software mistakes that enter operational systems become more costly. We believe that this condition will be remedied when tools as powerful as those available for ensuring the reliability of hardware become available for software.
Impact Line Printing: Improvement of a Proven Technology
Authors: E. Lennemann
Venue: Computer (1975)

Impact line printers have become the most important peripheral devices for generating readable output from digital computer information.
Storage space allocation to maximize inter-replenishment times
Authors: Elkafi Hassini
Venue: Computers and Operations Research (2008)

Given a set of storage spaces and a set of products, with specific space requirements and demand rates, we find the optimal product assignment that will lead to the longest time before any product is depleted. When demand rates are known with certainty, the assignment is found through the solution of a max-min integer program. When demand rates are stochastic with a common law, the assignment is found by solving an integer programme the objective of which is a non-homogeneous partial difference equation of first order. Unlike what common rules of thumb would dictate, our results show that the proportion of spaces assigned to a product is not necessarily equal to its demand frequency. Numerical computations show that employing the latter policy would result in inter-replenishment times that are about 24% shorter than the optimal solution.
On Partitioning Program Graphs
Authors: M. R. Paige
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering (1977)

In recent years, applications of graph theory to computer software have given fruitful results and attracted more and more attention. A program graph is a graph structural model of a program exhibiting the flow relation or connection among the elements (statements) in the program.
Fuzzy control approach to a class of continuous time nonlinear systems
Authors: L. Wang, G. Feng, J. Ma
Venue: Journal of Intelligent Fuzzy Systems: Applications in Engineering and Technology (2001)

A fuzzy control approach to a class of continuous time nonlinear systems is presented in this paper. The design of control law consists of two parts: one is fuzzy control using quadratic stabilization techniques based on the so-called fuzzy dynamic model, the other is compensating control to deal with the modeling error between the nonlinear systems and their corresponding fuzzy dynamic models. An example of nonlinear system control is given to demonstrate the performance of the methods.
Compcon79 Spring Wrap-up
Authors: W. Myers
Venue: Computer (1979)

A record 930 attendees met February 27-March 1 in San Francisco, where they explored the conference theme of "Exploding Technology, Responsible Growth." The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Application of Embedded System in Construction Machinery
Authors: Ming-shan Liu, Yuan Zhou
Venue: Proceedings of the Eighth ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking, and Parallel/Distributed Computing - Volume 02 (2007)

Developed especially for the specific requirements and standards of construction and automotive industries for vehicles and machines to work in the field, modern controller in construction machinery is usually made up of several different electric control units (ECUs) based on the embedded system. The different ECUs configure the control area network (CAN) in construction machinery by CAN-bus. They work independently as measuring, driving or operating control device for sensor-actuator management and execute a number of tasks independently or cooperated with each other in real time. Data exchange between the ECUs or controllers could be realized via the RS232 or the CAN-Bus interface. Equipped with the embedded system in controller, in complex task of construction, machineries and vehicles will be integrated management and distribution rationalized by the remote control center using telecommunications technology via networks, so that the process could be controlled real-time and circulated in order.
GridDoc: A End-User-Oriented Presentation Model for Resource Integration
Authors: Cui Binge, Qi Kaiyuan, Ding Weilong
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing (2007)

In face of the mass data resources in the Web, end users want to be able to access and use them conveniently. GridDoc is an end-user-oriented presentation model, which enables end users to design and implement customized resource integration in a simple and consistent way. GridDoc model is proposed, which comprises the layout, controls set, XML schema, data source, virtual data services set and convergent data services set. The service virtualization mechanism is used to support late binding between GridDoc and the underlying data services. GridDoc is standardbased, loose-coupled and coarse-grained in nature, thus it allows the individual components to evolve independently. The effectiveness is evaluated using some real cases.
A Grid Information Service Model Based on E-Learning Grid
Authors: Li Meng, Ling Bai, Weiming Yang
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Natural Computation - Volume 05 (2007)

According to the actual required running environment of e-Learning, it's an important task to study the function characteristics, the realizing mechanisms and the key techniques of e-Learning Grid. During the process of our study, we designed a series of core grid middlewares, which is the basis of the resource sharing on grid computing and the basis of collaborative working platform. In this paper, we will introduce a grid information service model based on e-learning grid.
Adaptive Newton-based multivariate smoothed functional algorithms for simulation optimization
Authors: Shalabh Bhatnagar
Venue: ACM Transactions on Modeling and Computer Simulation (TOMACS) (2007)

In this article, we present three smoothed functional (SF) algorithms for simulation optimization. While one of these estimates only the gradient by using a finite difference approximation with two parallel simulations, the other two are adaptive Newton-based stochastic approximation algorithms that estimate both the gradient and Hessian. One of the Newton-based algorithms uses only one simulation and has a one-sided estimate in both the gradient and Hessian, while the other uses two-sided estimates in both quantities and requires two simulations. For obtaining gradient and Hessian estimates, we perturb each parameter component randomly using independent and identically distributed (i.i.d) Gaussian random variates. The earlier SF algorithms in the literature only estimate the gradient of the objective function. Using similar techniques, we derive two unbiased SF-based estimators for the Hessian and develop suitable three-timescale stochastic approximation procedures for simulation optimization. We present a detailed convergence analysis of our algorithms and show numerical experiments with parameters of dimension 50 on a setting involving a network of M/G/1 queues with feedback. We compare the performance of our algorithms with related algorithms in the literature. While our two-simulation Newton-based algorithm shows the best results overall, our one-simulation algorithm shows better performance compared to other one-simulation algorithms.
Lachesis: robust database storage management based on device-specific performance characteristics
Authors: Jiri Schindler, Anastassia Ailamaki, Gregory R. Ganger
Venue: Proceedings of the 29th international conference on Very large data bases - Volume 29 (2003)

Database systems work hard to tune I/O performance, but do not always achieve the full performance potential of modern disk systems. Their abstracted view of storage components hides useful device-specific characteristics, such as disk track boundaries and advanced built-in firmware algorithms. This paper presents a new storage manager architecture, called Lachesis, that exploits and adapts to observable device-specific characteristics in order to achieve and sustain high performance. For DSS queries, Lachesis achieves I/O efficiency nearly equivalent to sequential streaming even in the presence of competing random I/O traffic. In addition, Lachesis simplifies manual configuration and restores the optimizer's assumptions about the relative costs of different access patterns expressed in query plans. Experiments using IBM DB2 I/O traces as well as a prototype implementation show that Lachesis improves standalone DSS performance by 10% on average. More importantly, when running concurrently with an on-line transaction processing (OLTP) workload, Lachesis improves DSS performance by up to 3×, while OLTP also exhibits a 7% speedup.