ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Estimating Sample Size Requirements for Reliable Personal Authentication Using User-Specific Samples
Authors: Jay Bhatnagar, Ajay Kumar
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshop (2006)

The goal of this paper is to determine bounds for estimating minimum sample size requirement for reliable biometric identification. A new approach for the reliable estimation of the minimum sample size is proposed for arbitrary ensemble of subjects. A bound on number of acquisitions/samples per subject is arrived through an iterative procedure that tests sequences for user-specific sequences. The approach proposed in this paper is supported by information theoretic measures. These results are fundamental to the integration of concepts from statistics, complexity and probabilistic (Borel) measure spaces. We evolve a novel concept of information equivalence in comparing random sequences for its information content. Furthermore, the problem of missing or lost/corrupted matching scores is also investigated. The solution for these missing biometric matching scores is based on completeness of certain typical space and these scores can be estimated using proposed iterative algorithm.
Independent navigation and functioning of intelligent agents by social interaction
Authors: K. Sakthivel, R. Venkatraghavan, S. Shivashankar, R. Srivatsan, T. Srinivasan
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Inteligence for Modelling Control and Automation and International Conference on Intelligent Agents Web Technologies and International Commerce (2006)

The focus of the effort underlying this paper is to evolve a co-operation based navigation scheme and a mechanism for ad hoc task division between members of a socially interactive swarm of intelligent robots that may find application in strategic warfare and in landmine detection and neutralization. A novel approach has been adopted for evolving a vision scheme for the intelligent agents that endows each member of the swarm with a considerable level of autonomy thereby allowing for re-configurability of the swarm.
Primitives for StructuredWorkflow Design: A Mathematical Specification and Analysis
Authors: Sumagna Patnaik
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Information Technology (2006)

Structured design specification lacks formality to reason about design correctness. In this paper primitives for structured workflow design are specified mathematically and observations are made by analyzing these specifications.
Statistically-Constrained High-Dimensional Warping Using Wavelet-Based Priors
Authors: Zhong Xue, Dinggang Shen, Christos Davatzikos
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshop (2006)

In this paper, a Statistical Model of Deformation (SMD) that captures the statistical prior distribution of highdimensional deformations more accurately and effectively than conventional PCA-based statistical shape models is used to regularize deformable registration. SMD utilizes a wavelet-based representation of statistical variation of a deformation field and its Jacobian, and it is able to capture both global and fine shape detail without overconstraining the deformation process. This approach is shown to produce more accurate and robust registration results in MR brain images, relative to the registration methods that use Laplacian-based smoothness constraints of deformation fields. In experiments, we evaluate the SMD-constrained registration by comparing the performance of registration with and without SMD in a specific deformable registration framework. The proposed method can potentially incorporate various registration algorithms to improve their robustness and stability using statistically-based regularization.
Optimization of Schottky barrier carbon nanotube field effect transistors
Authors: M. Pourfath, E. Ungersboeck, A. Gehring, B. H. Cheong, W. J. Park, H. Kosina, S. Selberherr
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2005)

Carbon nanotube field-effect transistors (CNTFETs) have been studied in recent years as a potential alternative to CMOS devices, because of the capability of ballistic transport. CNTFETs can be fabricated with Ohmic or Schottky type contacts. We focus here on Schottky barrier CNTFETs which operate by modulating the transmission coefficient of carriers through the Schottky barriers at the interface between the metal and the carbon nanotube (CNT). The behavior of these devices has been studied by solving the coupled Schrodinger-Poisson equation system. In agreement with experimental results, simulations indicate the ambipolar behavior of these devices. However, the ambipolar behavior limits the performance of these devices in both on and off regimes. To suppress this effect a double gate structure is proposed. Simulations demonstrate that this structure exhibits improved device characteristics.
Stable and Quadratic Optimal Fuzzy PDC Control for TS-Fuzzy-Model-Based Control Systems
Authors: Wen-Hsien Ho, Jyh-Horng Chou
Venue: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Innovative Computing, Information and Control - Volume 1 (2006)

This paper considers the stable and quadratic finite-horizon optimal design problem of the fuzzy parallel-distributed-compensation (PDC) controllers for the Takagi-Sugeno (TS) fuzzy-model-based control systems by integrating the stabilizability condition, the shifted-Chebyshev-series approach (SCSA), and the hybrid Taguchi-genetic algorithm (HTGA), where the stabilizability condition is proposed in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Based on the SCSA, an algorithm only involving the algebraic computation is derived in this paper for solving the TS-fuzzy-modelbased feedback dynamic equations, and then is integrated with both the proposed sufficient LMI condition and the HTGA to design the stable and quadratic optimal fuzzy PDC controllers of the TSfuzzy- model-based control systems under the criterion of minimizing a quadratic integral performance index.
Parallel simulation of group behaviors
Authors: Bo Zhou, Suiping Zhou
Venue: Proceedings of the 36th conference on Winter simulation (2004)

Group behaviors, e.g. birds flocking, are widely used in virtual reality, computer games, robotics and artificial life. While many methods to simulate group behaviors have been proposed, these methods are usually applied to sequential computing. Since most of these methods have a polynomial complexity, it is difficult to simulate a large group in real-time using these methods. In this paper, we propose a parallel algorithm to simulate the flocking behavior of a large group. The new partitioning and communication mechanisms in the parallel algorithm make the flocking simulation more efficient. Experimental results show that the proposed parallel algorithm provides good speedup in generating flocking behaviors compared with the sequential simulation.
AQuSerM 2006: Advances in Quality of Service Management
Authors: Iman Poernomo, Guijun Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th IEEE on International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference Workshops (2006)

The Advances in Quality of Service Management (AQuSerM) workshop is a satellite event of the Tenth IEEE International EDOC Conference (EDOC 2006), held between the 16th and 20th of October 2006. The AuQSerM workshop was established as a forum for presenting advances in QoS-oriented techniques and tools for managing enterprise architectures, encompassing approaches to monitoring, diagnostics, runtime analysis and prediction and adaptation. Model-driven approaches are a special focus of the workshop. Service Level Management (SLM) is the process of managing the Quality of Service (QoS) demanded by clients and offered by providers. In the past, SLM approaches have focused on service contract definition, monitoring and reporting and have typically been handled by enterprise system management tools such as Microsofts SMS, CAs Unicenter and Empirixs OneSight. However, traditional approaches are inadequate when dealing with complex service-oriented architectures. Service-oriented architectures (SOAs) are compositional, dynamic and often distributed over the internet. For such architectures, SLM becomes a difficult problem that can no longer be handled by traditional management and monitoring strategies.
Complete multiple description mesh-based video coding scheme and its performance
Authors: Yang-Li Wang, Cheng-Ke Wu
Venue: Journal of Computer Science and Technology (2005)

This paper proposes a multiple description (MD) mesh-based motion coding method, which generates two descriptions for mesh-based motion by subsampling the nodes of a right-angled triangular mesh and dividing them into two groups. Motion vectors associated with the mesh nodes in each group are transmitted over distinct channels. With the nodes in each group, two other regular triangular meshes besides the original one can be constructed, and three different prediction images can be reconstructed according to descriptions available. The proposed MD mesh-based motion coding method is then combined with the pairwise correlating transform (PCT), and a complete MD video coding scheme is proposed. Further measures are taken to reduce the mismatch between the encoder and decoder that occurs when only one description is received and the decoder reconstruction is different from the encoder. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated using computer simulations, and the results show, compared to Reibman's MD transform coding (MDTC) method, the proposed scheme achieves better redundancy rate distortion (RRD) performance. In packet loss scenario, the proposed scheme outperforms the MDTC method.
Forward focus: using routing information to improve medium access control in ad hoc networks: Research Articles
Authors: Brent Ishibashi, Raouf Boutaba
Venue: Wireless Communications Mobile Computing (2006)

Multihop packet forwarding is a vital process in an ad hoc network. All ad hoc networking protocols, but particularly routing and medium access control protocols, must work together in order for the network to be successful. However, current MAC protocols such as IEEE 802.11 do not consider this multihop nature at all. This work develops a modification to 802.11 that focuses on forwarding packets. Routing information is utilized to streamline the sharing of the medium, by allowing forwarding nodes to reuse an already-acquired channel. Using forward focus (FF), nodes are encouraged to participate in the forwarding process and are rewarded for doing so. Simulation-generated performance evaluations reveal that the result is a MAC protocol with improved efficiency and effectiveness. Copyright &copy; 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Servicing Your Requirements
Authors: Neil Maiden
Venue: IEEE Software (2006)

Considering requirements and solutions as independent of each other can blind requirements analysts to opportunities for improving requirements. Web services have the potential to show analysts new ways to improve requirements and to enable end users to become more involved in the requirements process.
FROST: A Distributed Neurocomputational Model of Working Memory Maintenance
Authors: F. Gregory Ashby, Shawn W. Ell, Vivian V. Valentin, Michael B. Casale
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2005)

Many studies suggest that the sustained activation underlying working memory (WM) maintenance is mediated by a distributed network that includes the prefrontal cortex and other structures (e.g., posterior parietal cortex, thalamus, globus pallidus, and the caudate nucleus). A computational model of WM, called FROST (short for FROntal&ndash;Striatal&ndash;Thalamic), is proposed in which the representation of items and spatial positions is encoded in the lateral prefrontal cortex. During delay intervals, activation in these prefrontal cells is sustained via parallel, prefrontal cortical&ndash;thalamic loops. Activation reverberates in these loops because prefrontal cortical excitation of the head of the caudate nucleus leads to disinhibition of the thalamus (via the globus pallidus). FROST successfully accounts for a wide variety of WM data, including single-cell recording data and human behavioral data.
Assessment of carotid artery stenoses in 3D contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography, based on improved generation of the centerline
Authors: Marcela Hernández Hoyos, Maciej Orkisz, Philippe C. Douek, Isabelle E. Magnin
Venue: Machine Graphics Vision International Journal (2005)

A method is proposed for generation of the centerline of 3D tubular shapes using an extensible-skeleton model. Starting from a user-selected point, the skeleton grown by iteratively adding subsequent centerline points within a prediction-estimation scheme controlled by a multi-scale analysis of the image moments. The location of the next point is predicted according the local orientation of the tubular structure. The coordinates of the predicted point are corrected under the influence of image forces and of prior model shape constraints. The extraction of artery centerlines from magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) images is described. The goal is a quantitative assessment of arterial stenoses based on cross-sectional diameters and areas of the vessel contours in the planes locally perpendicular to the centerline. For this purpose, iso-contours extraction based on an adaptive local iso-value have been implemented. The robustness and accuracy of the method have been demonstrated on MRA data on 5 reference phantoms and on 17 patients' carotid arteries. 97% of the centerlines were exploitable in the carotid arteries (100% in the phantoms). On average, the centerlines were extracted within 1 second, and the whole quantification process took less than 1 minute per artery, including interaction and display. The Mean difference (± standard deviation) between stenosis percentages, semi-automatically measured and visually estimated by radiologists, was 0.23% ± 7.89%. The reproducibility of the semi-automatic method was significantly better.
New event-driven sampling techniques for network reliability estimation
Authors: Abdullah Konak, Alice E. Smith, Sadan Kulturel-Konak
Venue: Proceedings of the 36th conference on Winter simulation (2004)

Exactly computing network reliability measures is an NP-hard problem. Therefore, Monte Carlo simulation has been frequently used by network designers to obtain accurate estimates. This paper focuses on simulation estimation of network reliability. Using a heap data structure, efficient implementation of a previous approach, dagger sampling, is proposed. Two new techniques, geometric sampling and block sampling, are developed to efficiently sample states of a network. These techniques are event-driven rather than time-driven, and are thus efficient for highly reliable networks. To test relative performance, computational experiments are carried out on various types of networks using the new procedures.
Spatial S-R Compatibility with Centrally Presented Stimuli: An Event-Related Asymmetry Study on Dimensional Overlap
Authors: Edmund Wascher, Meike Reinhard, Bernd Wauschkuhn, Rolf Verleger
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (1999)

Lateral presentation of relevant information facilitates manual responses if the side of relevant information corresponds to the side of the response. Recently, temporally overlapping EEG asymmetries over the central motor cortex and posterior sites were reported as a possible correlate of the sensory-motor integration of spatial information. The present study investigated whether sensory-motor integration of spatial information can occur with symbolic spatial information the same way as with laterally presented stimuli. The task required participants to respond to arrows (target stimuli), which were "flanked" (from above and below) by neutral stimuli or by other arrows (compatible or not). In Experiment 1, this task was compared to the same task with letters as stimuli and to an incompatible task where participants had to respond "against" the arrow direction. The effect of the flankers on response times was largest if subjects had to respond to the arrows in the common way. This was also the only task of Experiment 1 for which marked EEG asymmetries related to the direction of the flankers were observed. In Experiment 2, the onsets of target stimulus and flankers differed in time. Event-related lateralizations of the EEG over sensory and primary motor areas-as a lateralized readiness potential-were always, apparently automatically, evoked by flanking arrows, indicating automatic response activation evoked by symbolic spatial information. In accordance to recent theories of temporally decaying response activation, manual responses were affected only if the target was either shortly preceded by or appeared simultaneously with the flankers. The temporal overlap of EEG asymmetries related to direction encoding, automatic response activation, and to response preparation indicated that a widespread cortical network is activated by any salient directional information that enables subjects to respond quickly if the directional code of the stimulus overlaps with the directional code of the response.
An event graph based simulation and scheduling analysis of multi-cluster tools
Authors: Shengwei Ding, Jingang Yi
Venue: Proceedings of the 36th conference on Winter simulation (2004)

Simulation methods are extensively used in modeling complex scheduling problems. However, traditional layout of simulation models can become complicated when they are used to find optimal scheduling in complex systems such as multi-cluster tools for semiconductor manufacturing. In this paper, we study a decision-moving-done method of event driven simulation for multi-cluster tools. Based on this method, we are able to manage all the activities in the simulation. The proposed event graph based simulation study can further be integrated into a pruning search algorithm to find the optimal robot scheduling sequence. Incorporated with simulation model, the search algorithm detects deadlocks and significantly reduces the computing time. A chemical-mechanical planarization (CMP) polisher is used as an example of the multi-cluster cluster tools to illustrate the proposed event graph based simulation and scheduling analysis.
System capacity in OFDMA-based WiMAX
Authors: Chadi Tarhini, Tijani Chahed
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Systems and Networks Communication (2006)

In this paper, we study the capacity of broadband wireless OFDMA-based WiMAX systems, in the presence of both constant-bit-rate streaming traffic as well as elastic one, under a dynamic configuration wherein users come to the system and leave it after a finite duration. This duration is function of the resources they obtain for the case of elastic flows; it is not for voice ones. Using Markovian analysis, we calculate several performance measures, such as the blocking probability and mean transfer time, using exact and approximate, quasi-stationary-based, solutions. We eventually show numerically the performance of such a system under different admission figures.
On the inherent weakness of conditional primitives
Authors: Faith Ellen Fich, Danny Hendler, Nir Shavit
Venue: Distributed Computing (2006)

Some well-known primitive operations, such as compare-and-swap, can be used, together with read and write, to implement any object in a wait-free manner. However, this paper shows that, for a large class of objects, including counters, queues, stacks, and single-writer snapshots, wait-free implementations using only these primitive operations and a large class of other primitive operations cannot be space efficient: the number of base objects required is at least linear in the number of processes that share the implemented object. The same lower bounds are obtained for implementations of starvation-free mutual exclusion using only primitive operations from this class. For wait-free implementations of a closely related class of one-time objects, lower bounds on the tradeoff between time and space are presented
Towards Object-Oriented Design Patterns for Reusability of Learning Objects
Authors: Permanand Mohan, Ben Kei Daniel
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (2006)

This paper draws a parallel between the design of learning objects and the design of object-oriented software. It suggests that the reusability and sharability of learning objects depend on improving the design patterns of learning objects. The paper proposes a life cycle approach for the development of learning objects, comprising of well-defined process activities designed to improve the creation of pedagogically effective learning materials.
Genetic Algorithms and Neural Networks in the Molecular Design of Novel Fibers
Authors: Hugh M. Cartwright, Rohan M. Gunatillake, Les Sztandera
Venue: Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Database and Expert Systems Applications (2006)

A crucial task in polymer chemistry is the formulation of materials which satisfy strict property constraints. This paper describes the use of dynamic adaptive agents in the design of novel polymers. A neural network is used to predict the properties of a proposed polymer from its composition, while a genetic algorithm solves the inverse problem by acting as a search agent to find promising formulations. The resulting Hybrid Intelligent System provides a computationally efficient means of searching the virtual space defined by the set of all feasible polymers. We report here results from two initial studies.
jMarkov: an object-oriented framework for modeling and analyzing Markov chains and QBDs
Authors: Germán Riaño, Julio Góez
Venue: Proceeding from the 2006 workshop on Tools for solving structured Markov chains (2006)

This paper describes jMarkov, an object-oriented framework designed to facilitate the construction and analysis of large-scale Markov Chains. The object-oriented design allows a natural translation from a conceptual mathematical model to a computer representation. Additionally, the framework provides the user with the solvers to analyze both the steady-state and the transient behaviors, but its design is flexible enough so new solvers can be implemented. Finally, jMarkov provides the tools to model Quasi-Birth and Death Processes with the same philosophy used to construct general Markov Chains.
Camera Calibration from Video of a Walking Human
Authors: Fengjun Lv, Tao Zhao, Ramakant Nevatia
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (2006)

A self-calibration method to estimate a camera's intrinsic and extrinsic parameters from vertical line segments of the same height is presented. An algorithm to obtain the needed line segments by detecting the head and feet positions of a walking human in his leg-crossing phases is described. Experimental results show that the method is accurate and robust with respect to various viewing angles and subjects.
A 3D graphical representation of DNA sequences and its application
Authors: Bo Liao, Kequan Ding
Venue: Theoretical Computer Science (2006)

A 3D graphical representation of DNA sequences has been derived from mathematical denotation of DNA sequence. The 3D graphical representation also avoids loss of information accompanying alternative 2D and 3D representation in which the curve standing for DNA overlaps and intersects itself. The geometrical centers of the 3D graph of DNA sequences indicate the distribution of base frequencies. An interesting phenomenon is observed for Goat and Gallus β-globin genomes with high G+C content. The examination of similarities/dissimilarities among the coding sequences of the first exon of β-globin gene of different species illustrates the utility of the approach.