ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Fingerprint Segmentation Using Cellular Neural Network
Authors: Jiayin Kang, Wenjuan Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Natural Computing - Volume 02 (2009)

Fingerprint segmentation is a crucial step in fingerprint recognition system, and determines the results of fingerprint analysis and recognition. In this paper, an approach for fingerprint segmentation based on cellular neural network (CNN) is presented. The proposed algorithm is realized by threshold CNN (T-CNN), of which threshold is obtained via fuzzy set theory. Experimental results show that proposed method can extract the fingerprint effectively and efficiently from original image.
MHPR: Multi-head Parallelism and Redundancy Disk Model
Authors: Yang Hu, Dan Feng, Shu Ping Zhang, Jing Ning Liu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE International Conference on Networking, Architecture, and Storage (2009)

Performance and reliability are eternal topics in storage system. Nowadays, vast majority of storage system are made up of hard disk drive. The performance and reliability of hard disk drive are very important subclass of the former. So far, most researches of hard disk drive are single benefit. Some improve performance and some enhance the reliability. It is very little production which can heighten both performance and reliability at the same time. A new disk model we present fills this blank. The model not only improves disk drive performance, but also enhances reliability. The model is called MHPR (multi-head parallelism and redundancy). The models add more heads in one arm assembly, introduce redundancy and parallelism into disk. We analyze the performance and reliability in theory, and use different traces to evaluate the model in a simulator. We find that MHPR model can reduce seek time and transfer time effectively. The access time of single request is reduced. The model greatly shortens the queue time of single request in the case of two traces. So, the response of request is much faster; Response time of single disk drive is reduced by 98% and 80%, respectively in heavy workload and light workload. Using MHPR model to build RAID array, the MTTDL of this storage system can be improved 2-43 times.
Comparing Notions of Computational Entropy
Authors: Alexandre Pinto
Venue: Theory of Computing Systems (2009)

In the information theoretic world, entropy is both the measure of randomness in a source and a bound for the compression achievable for that source by any encoding scheme. But when we must restrict ourselves to efficient schemes, entropy no longer captures these notions well. For example, there are distributions with very low entropy that nonetheless look random for polynomial-bound algorithms. Different notions of computational entropy have been proposed to take the role of entropy in such settings. Results in Goldberg and Sipser (SIAM J.&#x00a0;Comput. 20(3):524&#x2013;536, 1991) and Wee (IEEE conference on computational complexity, pp.&#x00a0;29&#x2013;41, 2004) suggest that when time bounds are introduced, the entropy of a distribution no longer coincides with the most effective compression for that source. This paper analyses three measures that try to capture the compressibility of a source, establishing relations and separations between them and analysing the two special cases of the uniform and the universal distribution m t over binary strings of a fixed size. It is shown that for the uniform distribution the three measures are equivalent and that for m t there is a clear separation between metric type entropy and the maximum compressibility of a source.
Photometric registration by adaptive high dynamic range image generation for augmented reality
Authors: Yusaku Nishina, Bunyo Okumura, Masayuki Kanbara, Naokazu Yokoya
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (2008)

This paper describes photometric registration for augmented reality (AR) using a high-dynamic-range (HDR) image. In photorealistic AR, estimating the lighting environment of virtual objects is difficult because of low dynamic range cameras. In order to overcome this problem, we propose a method that estimates the lighting environment from an HDR image and renders virtual objects using an HDR environment map. Virtual objects are overlaid in real-time by adjusting the dynamic range of the rendered image with tone mapping according to the exposure time of the camera. The HDR image is generated from multiple images captured with various exposure times. We have found through experimentation that the updating rate is improved by effectively limiting the dynamic range, depending on the exposure time. We have verified the effect of limiting the dynamic range on the reality of virtual objects.
Programmin in C
Authors: Pradip Dey, Ghosh Manas
Venue:  (2009)

The concepts in this book are presented in a lucid and exhaustive manner using appropriate illustrations whenever applicable. The book deals with programming in C for the reader to learn the art of writing programs in C. Some advanced features of C have also been included. A separate chapter on linked lists with their implementation in C has been provided to ease the learning of complex concepts. The book is easy-to-understand and student-friendly with plenty of programs with complete source codes and test cases. The theory is well-supported by both review questions and programming exercises at the end of each chapter. The book also includes a comprehensive case study on simulation of OS system calls using C language.
Anchored speech recognition for question answering
Authors: Sibel Yaman, Gokhan Tur, Dimitra Vergyri, Dilek Hakkani-Tur, Mary Harper, Wen Wang
Venue: Proceedings of Human Language Technologies: The 2009 Annual Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Companion Volume: Short Papers (2009)

In this paper, we propose a novel question answering system that searches for responses from spoken documents such as broadcast news stories and conversations. We propose a novel two-step approach, which we refer to as anchored speech recognition, to improve the speech recognition of the sentence that supports the answer. In the first step, the sentence that is highly likely to contain the answer is retrieved among the spoken data that has been transcribed using a generic automatic speech recognition (ASR) system. This candidate sentence is then re-recognized in the second step by constraining the ASR search space using the lexical information in the question. Our analysis showed that ASR errors caused a 35% degradation in the performance of the question answering system. Experiments with the proposed anchored recognition approach indicated a significant improvement in the performance of the question answering module, recovering 30% of the answers erroneous due to ASR.
Optimizing MPI Runtime Parameter Settings by Using Machine Learning
Authors: Simone Pellegrini, Jie Wang, Thomas Fahringer, Hans Moritsch
Venue: Proceedings of the 16th European PVM/MPI Users' Group Meeting on Recent Advances in Parallel Virtual Machine and Message Passing Interface (2009)

Manually tuning MPI runtime parameters is a practice commonly employed to optimise MPI application performance on a specific architecture. However, the best setting for these parameters not only depends on the underlying system but also on the application itself and its input data. This paper introduces a novel approach based on machine learning techniques to estimate the values of MPI runtime parameters that tries to achieve optimal speedup for a target architecture and any unseen input program. The effectiveness of our optimization tool is evaluated against two benchmarks executed on a multi-core SMP machine.
Towards a Robust Spatio-Temporal Interest Point Detection for Human Action Recognition
Authors: Hossein Shabani, David A. Clausi, John S. Zelek
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Canadian Conference on Computer and Robot Vision (2009)

Spatio-temporal salient features are widely being usedfor compact representation of objects and motions in video,especially for event and action recognition. The existingfeature extraction methods have two main problems: First,they work in batch mode and mostly use Gaussian (linear)scale-space filtering for multi-scale feature extraction. This linear filtering causes the blurring of the edges and salient motions which should be preserved for robust eature extraction.Second, the environmental motion and ego disturbances(e.g., camera shake) are not usually differentiated.These problems result in the detection of false features nomatter which saliency criteria is used. To address theseproblems, we developed a non-linear (scale-space) filteringapproach which prevents both spatial and temporal dislocations.This model can provide a non-linear counterpart ofthe Laplacian of Gaussian to form the conceptual structuremaps from which multi-scale spatio-temporal salient features are extracted. Preliminary evaluation shows promising result with false detection being removed.
Coordinated VANET experiments: a methodology and first results
Authors: Markus Kerper, Wolfgang Kiess, Martin Mauve
Venue: Proceedings of the sixth ACM international workshop on VehiculAr InterNETworking (2009)

Many applications for inter-vehicular communication require a very specific test situation in order to be evaluated during a real world experiment. However, in the currently prevailing free-flow experiments the intended situation for the application may not occur in sufficient frequency to provide statistically significant results. In this paper, we argue that the existing experimental approach should therefore be complemented with coordinated experiments. This allows to specifically create the desired test situation. We present a methodology for such controlled experiments. The key to those experiments is the exact coordination of the participating cars' movements as well as a detailed control over all used soft- and hardware. To illustrate this methodology, we have performed an experiment with two cars that simultaneously approach an urban intersection and measured the radio transmission ranges with and without a road side unit. The results show that cars equipped with communication technology can inform their drivers about the approaching other cars up to ten seconds before a possible accident at such an intersection.
Concordances of snippets
Authors: Elzbieta Dura
Venue: Proceedings of the Workshop on Enhancing and Using Electronic Dictionaries (2004)

Excellent concordances can be produced by tools mounted on regular web search engines but these tools are not suitable for quick lookups on the web because it takes time to collect ad-hoc corpora with occurrences of a queried word or phrase. It is possible to get a web concordance in an instant if the amount of transferred data can be limited. One way to do it is to use snippets from a search engine as a basis for concordance lines, which is a solution adopted in Lexware Culler - a web concordance tool mounted on Google. It takes the same time to look up words and phrases in Lexware Culler as it takes for Google to deliver results for a search. The question is whether concordances based on snippets can be satisfactory for linguists or language learners. Our tests show that they actually can. With proper filtering concordances based on snippets can provide a good survey of current language use, which is particularly important as a complement to online dictionaries.
An Evaluation System of Finance Method Bases on AHP
Authors: Zhi-min Xu, Zheng Mei
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Asia-Pacific Conference on Information Processing - Volume 02 (2009)

First, this paper constructs a financial evaluation system, and then directly against the various relative importance of evaluation system at all levels and indicates, and the difficulty to determine scientifically to set up determine matrix of all levels, and use AHP to determine the financial evaluation index weight and conduct a strict consistency test of the level of single-sort, and a total sort. The result of the evaluation is objective and practical, and has the characteristics of stability and accuracy, and has the value of popularization and application.
USP-IBM-1 and USP-IBM-2: the ILP-based systems for lexical sample WSD in SemEval-2007
Authors: Lucia Specia, Maria das Graças, Volpe Nunes, Ashwin Srinivasan, Ganesh Ramakrishnan
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluations (2007)

We describe two systems participating of the English Lexical Sample task in SemEval-2007. The systems make use of Inductive Logic Programming for supervised learning in two different ways: (a) to build Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) models from a rich set of background knowledge sources; and (b) to build interesting features from the same knowledge sources, which are then used by a standard model-builder for WSD, namely, Support Vector Machines. Both systems achieved comparable accuracy (0.851 and 0.857), which outperforms considerably the most frequent sense baseline (0.787).
Arizona Images: Plus Hints For Improving Digital Images
Authors: Don G. Miller
Venue:  (2009)

Images of Arizona with some before and after images for showing how to improve an image, using AdobePhotoshop software. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Influence of Vertical Length of Characters on Readability in Mobile Phones
Authors: Masako Omori, Satoshi Hasegawa, Tomoyuki Watanabe, Shohei Matsunuma, Masaru Miyao
Venue: Proceedings of the Symposium on Human Interface 2009 on Human Interface and the Management of Information. Information and Interaction. Part II: Held as part of HCI International 2009 (2009)

The visibility of Japanese characters on the liquid crystal displays in mobile phones was studied by measurements of reading time and visual distance, and subjective evaluations. Graphic text was used to prepare various samples with various character heights of 1, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2 and 2.25 times greater than the width of the characters. The vertical length of the characters had a significant effect on the parameters of reading speed and subjective evaluation of legibility. Characters with a height of between 1.5 and 2 times greater than the width showed the highest visibility in this experiment.
Magic Search: Getting the Best Results from Your Catalog and Beyond
Authors: Rebecca S. Kornegay
Venue:  (2009)

Subdivide and conquer! "Magic Search: Getting the Best Results from Your Catalog and Beyond" showcases how to increase the power of Library of Congress Subject Heading (LCSH) subdivisions to produce astonishing results from your searches. Rebecca S. Kornegay and Heidi E. Buchanan, experienced reference librarians, and Hildegard B. Morgan, an expert cataloger, explain how, when used wisely, LCSH subdivisions can save time and provide a new level of precision in information retrieval for patrons of the library. "Magic Search" presents the 467 best-performing LCSH subdivisions that speak to the kinds of research questions librarians handle every day. This quick reference format, along with a handy index, offers a useful tool to keep for quick reference rather than a cumbersome tome to be read from cover to cover. In addition, this book provides: a thematic arrangement of LC subdivisions that yield the most successful search; chapters on discipline-specific subdivisions to hone effective search terms; and, precise, professional vocabulary useful in searches and explained in easy-to-understand language. Grasping the importance and having command of LC subdivisions, now appearing in unexpected places beyond the library catalog, is key in this rapidly evolving, 21st-century information environment. No other work explores the LCSH subdivisions is such detail or with such commitment, making this book vital to every Reference Desk. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Highly Multilingual News Analysis Applications
Authors: Ralf Steinberger
Venue: Proceedings of the European Conference on Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases: Part I (2009)

The publicly accessible Europe Media Monitor (EMM) family of applications (http://press.jrc.it/overview.html) gather and analyse an average of 80,000 to 100,000 online news articles per day in up to 43 languages. Through the extraction of meta-information in these articles, they provide an aggregated view of the news; they allow to monitor trends and to navigate the news over time and even across languages. EMM-NewsExplorer additionally collects historical information about persons and organisations from the multilingual news, generates co-occurrence and quotation-based social networks, and more. All EMM applications were entirely developed at, and are being maintained by, the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) in Ispra, Italy.The applications make combined use of a variety of text analysis tools, including clustering, multi-label document classification, named entity recognition, name variant matching across languages and writing systems, topic detection and tracking, event scenario template filling, and more. Due to the high number of languages covered, linguistics-poor methods were used for the development of these text mining components. See the site http://langtech.jrc.it/ for technical details and a list of publications.The speaker will give an overview of the various applications and will then explain the workings of selected text analysis components. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Topology-aware group communication middleware for MANETs
Authors: Pedro Garcia Lopez, Raúl Gracia, Marc Espelt, Gerard Paris, Marcel Arrufat, Roc Messeguer
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth International ICST Conference on COMmunication System softWAre and middlewaRE (2009)

We believe that any MANET middleware should be aware of the underlying multi-hop routing protocol to improve communication efficiency. In general, existing MANET middleware either ignore the underlying routing protocol or create specific cross-layer solutions that break the strict layering of the network stack. This problem is even more severe in the case of traditional group communication middleware (GC) where membership protocols, failure detection mechanisms or flow control layers can considerably harm the overall performance of the network. We propose to move the routing logic to the application layer in order to achieve a smooth and clean integration between the middleware and the underlying MANET topology. In this line, we have modified a well-known GC toolkit (JGroups) in order to adapt membership protocols, failure detectors and flow control mechanisms to the underlying MANET topology. We have implemented the MANET OLSR protocol in the application layer using UDP (jOLSR). On top of it, we have developed an overlay Multicast protocol (OMOLSR) that directly benefits from the OLSR protocol to improve communication efficiency. As a consequence, in our middleware group membership is obtained from OMOLSR, failure detection from the jOLSR protocol, and our modified flow control protocol benefits from jOLSR topology information. We validate our approach in a real test-bed to demonstrate the feasibility and efficiency of our middleware.
Parallelization of the LEMan Code with MPI and OpenMP
Authors: N. Mellet, W. A. Cooper
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Advanced Parallel Processing Technologies (2009)

The low-frequency wave propagation code LEMan has been parallelized. Due to large memory requirement but fast computation with the cold model, the parallelization is limited to a low number of processors. The specific block-tridiagonal structure of the matrix to be solved has been taken into account for the MPI implementation. It has then been compared with the performance of OpenMP in order to determine the optimal method depending on the case studied.
The fully implicit stochastic-α method for stiff stochastic differential equations
Authors: Sk. Safique Ahmad, Nigam Chandra Parida, Soumyendu Raha
Venue: Journal of Computational Physics (2009)

A fully implicit integration method for stochastic differential equations with significant multiplicative noise and stiffness in both the drift and diffusion coefficients has been constructed, analyzed and illustrated with numerical examples in this work. The method has strong order 1.0 consistency and has user-selectable parameters that allow the user to expand the stability region of the method to cover almost the entire drift-diffusion stability plane. The large stability region enables the method to take computationally efficient time steps. A system of chemical Langevin equations simulated with the method illustrates its computational efficiency.
Decision-making Approach Based on Novel Linguistic Preference
Authors: Lu Zhi-peng, Tian Fei, Zhu Jian-jun
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 WRI Global Congress on Intelligent Systems - Volume 01 (2009)

A new three-point interval number linguistic preference judgment matrix based on single number linguistic preference judgment matrix is put forward. This construction approach on this preference is given and the characteristic of its consistency is studied. Based on the complete consistency definition of three-point interval number linguistic preference judgment matrix, the model of weight solution is suggested, and to study the adjustment method when judgment matrix deviation does not match the decision-makers' critical standards. At last, the model validity is proved by an example.
Stating with certainty or stating with doubt: intercoder reliability results for manual annotation of epistemically modalized statements
Authors: Victoria L. Rubin
Venue: Human Language Technologies 2007: The Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics; Companion Volume, Short Papers on XX (2007)

Texts exhibit subtle yet identifiable modality about writers' estimation of how true each statement is (e.g., definitely true or somewhat true). This study is an analysis of such explicit certainty and doubt markers in epistemically modalized statements for a written news discourse. The study systematically accounts for five levels of writer's certainty (ABSOLUTE, HIGH, MODERATE, LOW CERTAINTY and UNCERTAINTY) in three news pragmatic contexts: perspective, focus, and time. The study concludes that independent coders' perceptions of the boundaries between shades of certainty in epistemically modalized statements are highly subjective and present difficulties for manual annotation and consequent automation for opinion extraction and sentiment analysis. While stricter annotation instructions and longer coder training can improve inter-coder agreement results, it is not entirely clear that a five-level distinction of certainty is preferable to a simplistic distinction between statements with certainty and statements with doubt.
An Improving and Application of Attribute Reduction Arithmetic in Agroclimatology
Authors: Hongxia Wang, Yanhui Cheng
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 First International Workshop on Database Technology and Applications (2009)

Introducing the granular computing and rough set and carrying two basic attribute reduction arithmetic. In this paper, by anglicizing and contrasting the attribute reduction arithmetic in rough set model of granular computing, proposing the improved arithmetic for agroclimatology. At a work it takes core attributes by constructing discernable matrix, and then uses them for heuristic information to next reduction, gained rational attribute set finally.