ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
An Empirical Comparison of Methods for Reengineering Procedural Software Systems to Object-Oriented Systems
Authors: William B. Frakes, Gregory Kulczycki, Natasha Moodliar
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Software Reuse: High Confidence Software Reuse in Large Systems (2008)

This study empirically compared two methods for reengineering a procedural system to an object-oriented system. Our hypothesis was that it is possible to support this process with a repeatable method. The first method was manual and was used as a baseline for evaluating the second method, which was repeatable and based on analysis of procedure coupling. The repeatable method was found to be effective for identifying objects. It produced code that was much smaller, more efficient, and passed more regression tests than the manual method. Analysis of object-oriented metrics indicated both simpler code and less variability among classes. Particularly striking was the order of magnitude difference between the average cohesion metric (LCOM) for the manual and repeatable methods.
Tourism Room Occupancy Rate Prediction Based on Neural Network
Authors: Junping Du, Wensheng Guo, Ruijie Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th international symposium on Neural Networks: Advances in Neural Networks, Part III (2007)

We studied how to use neural network in the tourism room occupancy rate prediction in Beijing. We gave the result of prediction on room occupancy rate. The results of the experiment showed that the prediction of the room occupancy rate made by neural network is superior to the two methods of regression and naïve extrapolation which are often used.
Automatic Generation of Computer Animation Conveying Impressions of News Articles
Authors: Tadahiko Kumamoto, Akiyo Nadamoto, Katsumi Tanaka
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems, Part I (2008)

This paper proposes a passive viewing interface, called News Reader with Emotional Expressions (wEE), which automatically generates TV program-like animations with synthesized emotional speech and background music from news articles in a user-specified Web news site. A distinctive point of our interface is that it explicitly conveys the impressions of news articles to users by determining appropriate background music and tone of voice for an animated newscaster according to the impressions of each article. Since conventional passive viewing interfaces just read news articles in a monotone, impressions of the articles were not conveyed to users. This caused the bad effect that users did not properly understand news articles in terms of their impressions. We also show that wEE can control (emphasize or soften) impressions of news articles through an on-line experiment with 600 participants.
Computer Graphics and an Interactive Stereotactic System for CT-Aided Neurosurgery
Authors: Michael Rhodes, William Glenn, Yu-ming Azzawi, Robert Howland, Don Hibbard
Venue: IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications (1983)

Using digital CT image data transformed to a patient-frame coordinate system, neurosurgeons can simulate, plan, and execute their procedures with submillimeter precision¿all in the CT suite.
A collection of privacy design patterns
Authors: Munawar Hafiz
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 conference on Pattern languages of programs (2006)

The growth in computing power has enabled the storage and analysis of large volumes of data. Monitoring the Internet access profiles of millions of users has become feasible and also economically lucrative. The interesting thing here is that it is not only the crooks who are interested in privacy intrusion, but government agencies also have vested interest in profiling the population mass. This paper describes 4 design patterns that can aide the decision making process for the designers of privacy protecting systems. These design patterns are applicable to the design of anonymity systems for various types of online communication, online data sharing, location monitoring, voting and electronic cash management.
Effective Set Membership in Computer Algebra and Beyond
Authors: James H. Davenport
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th AISC international conference, the 15th Calculemas symposium, and the 7th international MKM conference on Intelligent Computer Mathematics (2008)

In previous work, we showed the importance of distinguishing "I know that $X\ne Y$" from "I don't know that X = Y". In this paper we look at effective set membership, starting with Gröbner bases, where the issues are well-expressed in algebra systems, and going on to integration and other questions of `computer calculus'.In particular, we claim that a better recognition of the role of set membership would clarify some features of computer algebra systems, such as `what does an integral mean as output'.
A Bank Run Model in Financial Crises
Authors: Katsutoshi Yada, Takashi Washio, Yasuharu Ukai, Hisao Nagaoka
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems, Part II (2008)

Financial crises are occurring frequently in Asia, Europe, and America, and it is important for banks to investigate strategies for such crises. The objective of this research is to build a model for bank runs by deposit holders in financial crises, and use that model to present a framework for estimating the amounts of deposit withdrawals during financial crises. By carrying out detailed investigation of the bank run model thus constructed, we clarified that the characteristics of customers and branch locations both bring about differences in bank runs. Our estimated amounts of deposit withdrawals during financial crises suggest that each branch should adopt a customer strategy appropriate for the variety of customers of that branch. The bank run model proposed in this research can also be applied to other marketing strategy planning, and has wide applicability.
Real-Time Communications on IEC 61850 Process Bus Based Distributed Sampled Measured Values Applications in Merging Unit
Authors: Hong Hee Lee, Gwan Su Kim, Jung Hoon Lee, Byung Jin Kim
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Intelligent Computing: Advanced Intelligent Computing Theories and Applications - with Aspects of Theoretical and Methodological Issues (2008)

In recent years, IEC 61850 supports the substation automation and the standardized communication technique in both station bus and process bus. In this paper, we propose the required techniques to develop the Merging Unit, which is one of the important data acquisition equipments in substation automation, under the IEC 61850 communication protocol. Especially, we also propose the precision time-synchronization technique using IRIG-B protocol for the Merging Unit. IEC 61850-9-2 SV (Sampled Value) service is applied to the Merging Unit which is designed using embedded processor and real-time Linux operating systems. The playback program, which can reconstruct the transmitted sampled value data on the basis of time information, is developed and the performance of the IEC 61850 SV service for Merging Unit is verified experimentally.
Representing complex temporal phenomena for the semantic web and natural language
Authors: Jerry R. Hobbs
Venue:  (2007)

As an essential dimension of our information space, time plays a very important role in every aspect of our lives. A specification of temporal information is necessarily required for a large group of applications, including the Semantic Web and natural language. In response to this need, we have developed a rich ontology of temporal concepts, OWL-Time (formerly DAML-Time), for describing the temporal content of Web pages and the temporal properties of Web services. Since most of the information on the Web is in natural language, it can also be used for temporal reasoning and to increase the temporal awareness for different natural language applications. The ontology is represented in first-order logic (FOL) and the OWL Web Ontology Language. The ontology covers a very rich set of temporal concepts. It extends Hobbs (2002)'s work with more complex temporal phenomena, such as temporal aggregates, temporal arithmetic mixing months and days, and vague event durations. We have also created axioms that map subsets of the problems that can be represented by the ontology in FOL to temporal constraint-based formalisms for more efficient temporal reasoning. The temporal aggregate part of the ontology is rich enough to handle both complex multiple-layered and conditional temporal aggregates. A systematic way of mapping recurrence sets in iCalendar (iCal) to temporal aggregates in OWL-Time was developed to give it access to the full ontology of time for temporal reasoning. A set of rules for temporal arithmetic mixing months and days were developed with consideration of different desired arithmetic properties, such as commutativity and associativity. Since missing explicit and exact durations is one of the most common sources of incomplete information for temporal reasoning in natural language applications, we have constructed an annotated corpus to extract the implicit and vague event durations from text. We generated annotation guidelines, categorized the event classes to reduce gross discrepancies in inter-annotator judgments, used normal distributions to model event duration annotations that are intervals on a scale and to measure their inter-annotator agreement. Machine learning techniques were then applied to the annotated data and produced coarse-grained event duration information automatically, considerably outperforming a baseline and approaching human performance. The methods used here should be applicable to other kinds of vague but substantive information.
Comprehension of Users' Subjective Interaction States During Their Interaction with an Artificial Agent by Means of Heart Rate Variability Index
Authors: Takanori Komatsu, Sho'Ichiro Ohtsuka, Kazuhiro Ueda, Takashi Komeda
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction (2007)

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether users' subjective interaction states which indicate whether they feel comfortable interacting with artificial agents can be comprehended by means of biological index. As a biological index, we focused on the heart rate variability and used an RSA ratio for the time period when the respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) value is higher than the Mayer wave sinus arrhythmia (MWSA) value divided by the total interaction period. To clarify the effectiveness of this RSA ratio, we conducted two experiments to measure this index among participants who played a simple cooperation game with an artificial agent, which either responded as the participant desired or responded randomly. The results showed that the RSA ratio determined the subjective interaction state which indicated whether they felt comfortable or uncomfortable with their interactions with the agents.
An Algorithm of Coverage Control for Wireless Sensor Networks in 3D Underwater Surveillance Systems
Authors: Feng Chen, Peng Jiang, Anke Xue
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Intelligent Computing: Advanced Intelligent Computing Theories and Applications - with Aspects of Theoretical and Methodological Issues (2008)

In this paper, an algorithm of coverage control is introduced for three-dimensional underwater wireless sensor networks based on uniform deployment on surface which is suitable for water environment monitoring of wetland. Sensor nodes are uniformly deployed on surface of monitoring waters with equal interval. After deployment, sensors are lowered to appropriate depths selected by the distributed algorithm such that the maximum three-dimensional coverage of underwater sensor space is maintained. For the maximization of comprehensive index composed of coverage and average distance, simulation results reveal that our scheme outperforms two- and one-dimensional random deployment and depth random deployment under different network scale.
2008 Special Issue: Further results in multiset processing with neural networks
Authors: Simon McGregor
Venue: Neural Networks (2008)

This paper presents new experimental results on the variadic neural network (VNN) [McGregor, S. (2007). Neural network processing for multiset data. In Proceedings: Vol. 4668. Artificial neural networks - ICANN 2007, 17th international conference (pp. 460-470). Springer]. The inputs to a variadic network are an arbitrary-length list of n-tuples of real numbers, where n is fixed, and the function computed by the network is unaffected by permutation of the inputs. This paper describes improvements in the training algorithm for the variadic perceptron, based on a constructive cascade topology, and performance of the improved networks on geometric problems inspired by vector graphics. Further development may allow practical application of these or similar networks to vector graphics processing and statistical analysis.
Making Pointers Safe in System Programming Languages
Authors: D. B. Lomet
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering (1985)

System programming languages usually provide pointers so as to permit efficient and understandable programs to be written. Some higher level languages either avoid pointers altogether or greatly circumscribe pointers to guarantee safety, i.e., so that programs cannot gain access to storage in an inappropriate way. By combining the ideas of 1) pointer scope front Algol 68, 2) tombstones for invalidating dangling references, and 3) freezing which permits freeable objects to have scoped pointers, we solVe the problem of providing convenient and efficient pointers while simultaneously guaranteeing safety.
Mo Músaem Fíorúil: A Web-Based Search and Information Service for Museum Visitors
Authors: Michael Blighe, Sorin Sav, Hyowon Lee, Noel E. O'Connor
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Image Analysis and Recognition (2008)

We describe the prototype of an interactive, web-based, museum artifact search and information service. Mo Músaem Fíorúil clusters and indexes images of museum artifacts taken by visitors to the museum where the images are captured using a passive capture device such as Microsoft's SenseCam [1]. The system also matches clustered artifacts to images of the same artifact from the museums official photo collection and allows the user to view images of the same artifact taken by other visitors to the museum. This matching process potentially allows the system to provide more detailed information about a particular artifact to the user based on their inferred preferences, thereby greatly enhancing the user's overall museum experience. In this work, we introduce the system and describe, in broad terms, it's overall functionality and use. Using different image sets of artificial museum objects, we also describe experiments and results carried out in relation to the artifact matching component of the system.
Fast Image Mapping of Endoscopic Image Mosaics with Three-Dimensional Ultrasound Image for Intrauterine Treatment of Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome
Authors: Hongen Liao, Masayoshi Tsuzuki, Etsuko Kobayashi, Takeyoshi Dohi, Toshio Chiba, Takashi Mochizuki, Ichiro Sakuma
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th international workshop on Medical Imaging and Augmented Reality (2008)

This paper describes a fast image mapping system that integrates endoscopic image mosaics with three-dimensional (3-D) ultrasound images for assisting intrauterine treatment of twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) by laser photocoagulation. Endoscopic laser photocoagulation treatment has a good survival rate and a low complication rate for twins. However, the small field of view and lack of surrounding information makes the identification of vessels anastomosis difficult. We have developed an extended placenta visualization system with the fusion of endoscopic image mosaics with a 3-D ultrasound-image placenta model. Fully automatic and fast calibration is used for endoscope calibration in fluid. The 3-D spatial position of the endoscopic images and the ultrasound image are tracked by a 3-D position tracking device. The mosaiced endoscope images are registered to the surface of the 3-D ultrasound placenta model by using a fast GPU-based image rendering method. Experimental results show that the system may provide an improved and efficient way of planning and guidance in laser photocoagulation TTTS treatment.
Multimodal Exploration and Manipulation of Graph Structures
Authors: Cristian Bernareggi, Christian Comaschi, Giancarlo Dalto, Piero Mussio, Loredana Parasiliti Provenza
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Computers Helping People with Special Needs (2008)

This paper introduces a multimodal interactive system which aims to enable blind and visually impaired persons to create, manipulate and explore graph structures in a 3D space. An audio-haptic interaction paradigm has been designed to ensure a non-visual experience of graph structures. Visual feedback makes possible communication about graphs between non-sighted and sighted users. The multimodal manipulation and exploration techniques are introduced together with the system prototype. Early evaluation results are illustrated.
A Two-Step Blind Extraction Algorithm of Underdetermined Speech Mixtures
Authors: Ming Xiao, Fuquan Wang, Jianping Xiong
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th international symposium on Neural Networks: Advances in Neural Networks, Part II (2008)

Underdetermined blind extraction problem of speech mixtures is discussed in this paper. A two-step blind extraction algorithm is proposed. It firstly estimates one basis vector of the mixing matrix using the samples in single source intervals (SSI), and then extracts or reconstructs the corresponding source. Thus, the algorithm can sequentially recovery partial sources using the SSI and decorrelative when the recoverability of the matrix is unknown. Compared with ICA algorithm, it is a non-iteration method. Several speech signals experiments demonstrate its performances.
Mathematical approach to understand the kinetics of α-synuclein aggregation: Relevance to Parkinson's disease
Authors: P. Bharathi, P. Nagabhushan, K. S. J. Rao
Venue: Computers in Biology and Medicine (2008)

@a-Synuclein aggregation is a hallmark pathological feature in Parkinson's disease (PD). The conversion of @a-synuclein from soluble monomer to insoluble aggregates through the toxic oligomeric intermediates underlie the neurodegeneration associated with PD. Redox active metal ions such as iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) are known to enhance @a-synuclein fibrillogenesis. In the present study, we have implemented mathematical approach to monitor the kinetics of aggregation of @a-synuclein nucleation and elongation constants based on fluorescence studies. In this pretext, we have implemented mathematical simulations like self and absolute analysis. The mathematical model discussed in this paper is the first of its kind and might prove useful for predicting the drug intervention time to prevent @a-synuclein aggregation and has future clinical application.
On the Average Case Communication Complexity for Detection in Sensor Networks
Authors: N. E. Venkatesan, Tarun Agarwal, P. Vijay Kumar
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th IEEE international conference on Distributed Computing in Sensor Systems (2008)

The problem of sensor-network-based distributed intrusion detection in the presence of clutter is considered. It is argued that sensing is best regarded as a local phenomenon in that only sensors in the immediate vicinity of an intruder are triggered. In such a setting, lack of knowledge of intruder location gives rise to correlated sensor readings. A signal-space viewpoint is introduced in which the noise-free sensor readings associated to intruder and clutter appear as surfaces $\mathcal{S_I}$ and $\mathcal{S_C}$ and the problem reduces to one of determining in distributed fashion, whether the current noisy sensor reading is best classified as intruder or clutter. Two approaches to distributed detection are pursued. In the first, a decision surface separating $\mathcal{S_I}$ and $\mathcal{S_C}$ is identified using Neyman-Pearson criteria. Thereafter, the individual sensor nodes interactively exchange bits to determine whether the sensor readings are on one side or the other of the decision surface. Bounds on the number of bits needed to be exchanged are derived, based on communication complexity (CC) theory. A lower bound derived for the two-party average case CC of general functions is compared against the performance of a greedy algorithm. The average case CC of the relevant greater-than (GT) function is characterized within two bits. In the second approach, each sensor node broadcasts a single bit arising from appropriate two-level quantization of its own sensor reading, keeping in mind the fusion rule to be subsequently applied at a local fusion center. The optimality of a threshold test as a quantization rule is proved under simplifying assumptions. Finally, results from a QualNet simulation of the algorithms are presented that include intruder tracking using a naive polynomial-regression algorithm.
Automatic Testing of Object-Oriented Software
Authors: Bertrand Meyer, Ilinca Ciupa, Andreas Leitner, Lisa Ling Liu
Venue: Proceedings of the 33rd conference on Current Trends in Theory and Practice of Computer Science (2007)

Effective testing involves preparing test oracles and test cases, two activities which are too tedious to be effectively performed by humans, yet for the most part remain manual. The AutoTest unit testing framework automates both, by using Eiffel contracts -- already present in the software -- as test oracles, and generating objects and routine arguments to exercise all given classes; manual tests can also be added, and all failed test cases are automatically retained for regression testing, in a "minimized" form retaining only the relevant instructions. AutoTest has already detected numerous hitherto unknown bugs in production software.
Temporal Organization in Listeners' Perception of the Speakers' Emotions and Characteristics: A Way to Improve the Automatic Recognition of Emotion-Related States in Human Voice
Authors: Valérie Maffiolo, Noël Chateau, Gilles Chenadec
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction (2007)

We propose to improve the automatic detection and characterization of emotion-related expressions in human voice by an approach based on human auditory perception. In order to determine the temporal hierarchical organization in human perception of the speakers' emotions and characteristics, a listening test has been set up with seventy-two listeners. The corpus was constituted of eighteen voice messages extracted from a real-life application. Message segments of different temporal length have been listened to by listeners who were asked to verbalize their perception. Fourteen meta-categories have been obtained and related to age, gender, regional accent, timbre, personality, emotion, sound quality, expression style and so on. The temporal windows of listening necessary for listeners to perceive and verbalize these categories are defined and could underlie the building of sub-models relevant to the automatic recognition of emotion-related expressions.
Knowledge Maturity Based on Processing and Creation of Information
Authors: Sabah S. Al-Fedaghi
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems, Part I (2008)

This paper investigates the problem of how to model knowledge maturity (KM). It utilizes a flow model that includes five information flow stages: receiving, processing, creation, transfer, and communication. Knowledge is carried in the stream of information flow with continuing improved "maturity." It is proposed that knowledge is the result of cycling between the processing and creation stages. Hence, KM is defined in terms of the frequency of cycling between these two stages. Theoretical applications of this approach are also discussed.