ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Using a computer-based interactive system for the development of basic algorithmic and programming skills
Authors: Maria Marcelino, Anabela Gomes, Nickolai Dimitrov, António Mendes
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Computer systems and technologies (2004)

Student failure and commonly expressed difficulties in programming disciplines suggest that traditional approaches are not the most appropriate for many students. In this paper we present SICAS, a learning tool designed to help students in the development of basic algorithmic and programming skills. With SICAS students can design, simulate, test and compare algorithms for proposed problems. We also report some evaluation findings, current changes and future extensions of the tool.
Stability of end-to-end algorithms for joint routing and rate control
Authors: Frank Kelly, Thomas Voice
Venue: ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review (2005)

Dynamic multi-path routing has the potential to improve the reliability and performance of a communication network, but carries a risk. Routing needs to respond quickly to achieve the potential benefits, but not so quickly that the network is destabilized. This paper studies how rapidly routing can respond, without compromising stability.We present a sufficient condition for the local stability of end-to-end algorithms for joint routing and rate control. The network model considered allows an arbitrary interconnection of sources and resources, and heterogeneous propagation delays. The sufficient condition we present is decentralized: the responsiveness of each route is restricted by the round-trip time of that route alone, and not by the round-trip times of other routes. Our results suggest that stable, scalable load-sharing across paths, based on end-to-end measurements, can be achieved on the same rapid time-scale as rate control, namely the time-scale of round-trip times.
Prediction model for evaluation of reconfigurable interconnects in distributed shared-memory systems
Authors: W. Heirman, J. Dambre, C. Debaes, H. Thienpont, D. Stroobandt, J. Van Campenhout
Venue: Proceedings of the 2005 international workshop on System level interconnect prediction (2005)

Reconfigurable interconnection networks for distributed shared memory machines exploit properties of the workload dynamics that are not easily captured by statistical traffic models. Therefore, when designing such a network, one should make trade-offs based on full-system simulation for all viable workloads. It is however very time-consuming to do such simulations. In this paper, we present a technique that can predict the performance of a machine for different network parameters, based on the results of only one full simulation run. We also define confidence intervals for our prediction, and analyze the impact of several assumptions that were made.
Assistive technologies for traumatic brain injury
Authors: Paul Gnanayutham
Venue: Issue 80 (September 2004) (2004)

This paper discusses an investigation carried out on choosing the appropriate brain-body interface for a group of non-verbal severely brain injured participants to aid communication and recreation. Although extensive research has been carried out in the last few years with invasive and non-invasive brain-body interfaces for the traumatic brain injured community, not enough has filtered through to be used as an everyday tool for communications.
Book review: Prolog: A Relational Language and Its Applications by John Malpas (Prentice-Hall,Inc., 1987)
Venue: Issue 104 (April 1988) (1988)

Just a few years ago most programmers and AI researchers in the U.S. were first learning of logic programming. This created a demand for introductory texts on logic programming that sent out many CS book editors scrambling to find new authors. This year we are seeing the fruits of these editors' recruiting efforts, a fresh crop of textbooks, tutorials, primers and programmer's guides for Prolog. One of the best of these new book is Prolog: A Relational Language and Its Applications by John Malpas.
Integrated Adaptive QoS Management in Middleware: A Case Study
Authors: Christopher D. Gill, Jeanna M. Gossett, David Corman, Joseph P. Loyall, Richard E. Schantz, Michael Atighetchi, Douglas C. Schmidt
Venue: Real-Time Systems (2005)

Distributed real-time and embedded (DRE) systems in which application requirements and environmental conditions may not be known a priori--or which may vary at run-time--can benefit from an adaptive approach to management of quality-of-service (QoS) to meet key constraints, such as end-to-end timeliness. Moreover, coordinated management of multiple QoS capabilities across multiple layers of applications and their supporting middleware can help to achieve necessary assurances of meeting these constraints.This paper offers two contributions to the study of adaptive DRE computing systems: (1) a case study of our integration of multiple middleware QoS management technologies to manage quality and timeliness of imagery adaptively within a representative DRE avionics system and (2) empirical results and analysis of the impact of that integration on key trade-offs between timeliness and image quality in that system.
Timing Analysis of Real-Time Communication Under Electromagnetic Interference
Authors: I. Broster, A. Burns, G. Rodríguez-Navas
Venue: Real-Time Systems (2005)

This paper discusses aspects of dependability of real-time communication. In particular, we consider timing behaviour under fault conditions for Controller Area Network (CAN) and the extension Time-triggered CAN (TTCAN) based on a time-driven schedule. We discuss the differences between these buses and their behaviour under electromagnetic interference. We present response timing analyses for CAN and TTCAN in the presence of transient network faults using a probabilistic fault model where random faults from electromagnetic interference occur. The CAN analysis provides a probability distribution of worst case response times for message frames. The results indicate that CAN may generally provide a higher probability of delivering messages on time than TTCAN. The CAN analysis result is used to discuss an approach to implementing a bus guardian for event-triggered systems.
A Simplified Stability Study for a Biped Walk with Underactuated and Overactuated Phases
Authors: Sylvain Miossec, Yannick Aoustin
Venue: International Journal of Robotics Research (2005)

This paper is devoted to a stability study of a walking gait for a biped. The walking gait is periodic and it is composed of a single-support phase, a passive impact, and a double-support phase. The reference trajectories are described as a function of the shin orientation versus the ground of the stance leg. We use the Poincar&#233; map to study the stability of the walking gait of the biped. We only study the stability of dynamics not controlled during the single-support phase, i.e., the dynamics of the shin angle. We then suppose there is no perturbation in the tracking of the references of the other joint angles of the biped. The studied Poincar&#233; map is then of dimension one. With a particular control law in double support, it is shown theoretically and in simulation that a perturbation error in the velocity of the shin angle can be eliminated in one step only. The zone of convergence in one step is determined. The condition of existence of a cyclic gait is given, and for a given cyclic gait, the stability condition is also given. It is shown that due to the given control law for the overactuated double-support phase, a cyclic motion is practically guaranteed to be stable. It should be noted it is possible for the biped to reach a periodic regime from a stopped position in one step.
Performance evaluation for IEEE 802.11e enhanced distributed coordination function: Research Articles
Authors: Yunli Chen, Qing-An Zeng, Dharma P. Agrawal
Venue: Wireless Communications Mobile Computing (2004)

The IEEE 802.11e working group aims to enhance the current 802.11 medium access control (MAC) to support integrated data and voice (or video) communications. Till now, a draft of the IEEE 802.11e enhanced distributed coordination function (EDCF) has been proposed. In the literature, there is very limited analysis about EDCF since it is a new protocol, and most related work are only confined to simulation or saturation state. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of EDCF by dividing the traffic into two groups, namely real-time packets and non-real-time packets, and use an analytical model to quantify the performance of both IFS priority and contention window (CW) priority in the EDCF. In our analysis, we assume that the traffic arrival is a Poisson process. We provide a queue model for EDCF. Since there are multiple stations contending for one channel in the system, the queue model for EDCF cannot be a regular M&#x002F;G&#x002F;1 model. We redefine the service time and the waiting time so that we can still use M&#x002F;G&#x002F;1 model in the analysis. To validate the accuracy of our analytical results, we have done extensive simulations and we observed that EDCF does provide service differentiation between different traffic categories. But due to the inherent contention characteristic of carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA&#x002F;CA) MAC protocol, the delay cannot be guaranteed, even for the highest priority traffic. A lot more work needs to be done for the MAC protocol to effectively support service differentiation in the future. Copyright &copy; 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Efficient Group Rekeying Using Application-Layer Multicast
Authors: X. Brian Zhang, Simon S. Lam, Huaiyu Liu
Venue: Proceedings of the 25th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (2005)

In secure group communications, there are both rekey and data traffic. We propose to use application-layer multicast to support concurrent rekey and data transport. Rekeytraffic is bursty and requires fast delivery. It is desired to reduce rekey bandwidth overhead as much as possible since it competes for bandwidth with data traffic. Towards this goal, we propose a multicast scheme that exploits proximity in the underlying network. We further propose a rekey message splitting scheme to significantly reduce rekey bandwidth overhead at each user access link and network link. We formulate and prove correctness properties for the multicast scheme and rekey message splitting scheme. We have conducted extensive simulations to evaluate our approach. Our simulation results show that our approach can reduce rekey bandwidth overhead from several thousand encrypted new keys (encryptions, in short) to less than ten encryptions for more than 90% of users in a group of 1024 users.
The task-dependent nature of the maintenance of object-oriented programs
Authors: Gordon L. Freeman,  Jr., Stephen R. Schach
Venue: Journal of Systems and Software (2005)

In this paper we present the results of three experiments we have conducted to test the maintainability of object-oriented software products. Previous research in the field has yielded contradictory results as to whether or not object orientation promotes maintainability. Our experiments were conducted to test our hypothesis that the type of maintenance task influences whether or not the presence of an inheritance hierarchy aids maintainability. We constructed two equivalent C++ programs. One version incorporated an inheritance hierarchy; the other was flat. We used a between-subjects design in each experiment. In each experiment, the maintenance task was the same for all the subjects. Essentially the same two versions of the program were used in all three experiments but with different subjects and a different maintenance task. The results of the first experiment support the hypothesis that at least one type of maintenance task exists where an inheritance-based implementation is more maintainable than a flat version, and conversely for the second experiment. The results of the third experiment support the hypothesis that at least one type of maintenance task exists where there is no significant difference between an inheritance-based implementation and a flat version. We conclude that, when maintaining object-oriented software products, the nature of the maintenance task itself determines whether or not the presence of an inheritance hierarchy promotes maintainability.
Book review: A QUICK REVIEW OF THE ELEMENTS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: An Introduction Using Lisp by Steven L. Tanimoto (Computer Science Press, 1987)
Venue: Issue 103 (Jan., 1988) (1988)

This is a really fine book for a first course in Al. Its examples are written in a subset of Common LISP compatible with other LISP dialects, so that they can easily be rewritten to run on say, CDC ALisp, or public-domain, DLisp, or some vendor-supplied system, like Translisp. (I have his version of Eliza running on XLisp and Translisp with minor changes. The "Doctor" program in the earlier edition of Winston's Al textbook will also run in place of Tanimoto's "Shrink," with only minor changes.)
Xenogenomics: genomic bioprospecting in indigenous and exotic plants through EST discovery, cDNA microarray-based expression profiling and functional genomics: Conference Papers
Authors: Ulrik P. John, German C. Spangenberg
Venue: Comparative and Functional Genomics (2005)

To date, the overwhelming majority of genomics programs in plants have been directed at model or crop plant species, meaning that very little of the naturally occurring sequence diversity found in plants is available for characterization and exploitation. In contrast, &lsquo;xenogenomics&rsquo; refers to the discovery and functional analysis of novel genes and alleles from indigenous and exotic species, permitting bioprospecting of biodiversity using high-throughput genomics experimental approaches. Such a program has been initiated to bioprospect for genetic determinants of abiotic stress tolerance in indigenous Australian flora and native Antarctic plants. Uniquely adapted Poaceae and Fabaceae species with enhanced tolerance to salt, drought, elevated soil aluminium concentration, and freezing stress have been identified, based primarily on their eco-physiology, and have been subjected to structural and functional genomics analyses. For each species, EST collections have been derived from plants subjected to appropriate abiotic stresses. Transcript profiling with spotted unigene cDNA micro-arrays has been used to identify genes that are transcriptionally modulated in response to abiotic stress. Candidate genes identified on the basis of sequence annotation or transcript profiling have been assayed in planta and other in vivo systems for their capacity to confer novel phenotypes. Comparative genomics analysis of novel genes and alleles identified in the xenogenomics target plant species has subsequently been undertaken with reference to key model and crop plants. Copyright &copy; 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Developing character personas and scenarios: vital steps in theatrical performance and HCI goal-directed design
Authors: Lori Shyba, James Tam
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th conference on Creativity cognition (2005)

In this paper, the works of theatrical performance practitioners are drawn upon to develop key points of conceptual convergence between the artistry of theatrical performance and the system of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) known as Goal-Directed design (GDD). These findings are then framed within a supplemental instructional design that identifies an innovative method of developing personas and constructing goal-initiated scenarios that may, theoretically, improve upon Cooper's Goal-Directed design methodology.
MixCast: A New Group Communication Model in Large-Scale Network
Authors: Yusong Lin, Binqiang Wang, Zongmin Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications - Volume 2 (2005)

The traditional multicast model has some problems, such as access control, address allocation and protocol extensibility. To solve these problems, we provide a new group communication model named MixCast, which is suitable for large-scale heterogeneous networks. MixCast uses unicast between different access networks and use multicast in the same access network; at the same time, MixCast uses IEEE 802.1X protocol to provide user access control and billing scheme for carriers. We also analysis the cost of MixCast communication in the network equipments.
Soundness proof of Z semantics of OWL using institutions
Authors: Dorel Lucanu, Yuan Fang Li, Jin Song Dong
Venue: Special interest tracks and posters of the 14th international conference on World Wide Web (2005)

The correctness of the Z semantics of OWL is the theoretical foundation of using software engineering techniques to verify Web ontologies. As OWL and Z are based on different logical systems, we use institutions to represent their underlying logical systems and use institution morphisms to prove the correctness of the Z semantics for OWL DL.
Multi-path admission control for mobile ad hoc networks
Authors: Anders Lindgren, Elizabeth M. Belding-Royer
Venue: ACM SIGMOBILE Mobile Computing and Communications Review (2004)

To enable the use of applications that require real-time communication in ad hoc networks, an admission control mechanism must be in place to prevent the network from becoming congested, since congestion results in reduced quality of service for applications. Current admission control solutions encounter problems in the face of mobility, resulting in unacceptable disruptions in communication. To solve this problem, we apply multi-path routing mechanisms and propose a new admission control protocol. We show through simulation that our solution is able to prevent communication disruptions and meet the QoS needs of the application.
Low earth-orbit satellite attitude stabilization with fractional regulators
Authors: A. Kailil, N. Mrani, M. Mliha Touati, S. Choukri, N. Elalami
Venue: International Journal of Systems Science (2004)

Fractional Order Control methods were applied to a three-axis reaction wheels satellite attitude control system. To show the advantages of this method, a comparative study between a Linear Quadratic Regulator and a Fractional Order Control was established through two principal fractional control laws. The aim is to establish an efficient control law which satisfies a given specification and maintains sufficient stability and accuracy even under the strong effects of intrinsic parameters uncertainties, and also external perturbations.
Solving Out-of-Order Communication in Kahn Process Networks
Authors: Alexandru Turjan, Bart Kienhuis, Ed Deprettere
Venue: Journal of VLSI Signal Processing Systems (2005)

The Compaan compiler framework automates the transformation of DSP applications written in Matlab into Kahn Process Networks (KPNs). These KPNs express the signal processing applications in a parallel distributed way making them more suitable for mapping onto parallel architectures. A simple instance of a generated KPN by Compaan is a Producer process that communicates with a Consumer process via a FIFO buffer, with the Consumer reading data from the FIFO using a blocking read. When the sequence of producing data is different from the sequence of consuming data, a simple FIFO is not sufficient to implement the communication. For such case, extra storage and control are needed at the consumer side. This paper presents a compile approach that determines whether a FIFO buffer is sufficient for every Producer/Consumer pair of a Compaan-generated KPN. When additional memory is required, we provide an address generation mechanism to perform the reordering and furthermore give a lower bound on the amount of memory needed to perform the reordering. The presented approach is based on the Ehrhart theory
Predicting interconnect requirements in ultra-large-scale integrated control logic circuitry
Authors: M. Y. Lanzerotti, G. Fiorenza, R. A. Rand
Venue: Proceedings of the 2005 international workshop on System level interconnect prediction (2005)

This paper presents a comprehensive assessment of interconnect requirements in ULSI control logic circuitry and quantifies the agreement observed (1) between estimates and measurements of average wire-length in individual designs in real chips, and (2) between wire-length distributions provided by the models and wire-length distributions obtained from measurements. In this study, actual interconnect data is measured in ASIC-like control logic designs in the six functional units of the 1.3GHz POWER4. This paper compares interconnect measurements with estimates for control logic in individual designs, in functional units, and in the entire POWER4 core. The results presented in this paper show that the estimates are typically lower than the actual wire-length measurements. The results also show that the estimates of the total wire-length for all of the control logic in the POWER4 agree to within 31% of the total measured wire-length.
Shared sounds in detached movements: flautist identities inside the &lsquo;local-field&rsquo; spaces
Authors: Taina Riikonen
Venue: Organised Sound (2004)

This article explores the spatial identities of the flautists in playing Kaija Saariaho's music with live electronics, particularly reverberation and harmonisation. The varying spatial position of the flautists are theorised mainly via two approaches: that of &lsquo;local&#x002F;field&rsquo; concepts by Simon Emmerson, and through the philosophy of narrative identity developed by Paul Ricoeur. The article investigates the flautists' experiences of control over the sound, and especially its most intimate form, direct control, by discussing the relationship between the choices of live flautist and the sound director. The sound result is constantly negotiated by several authorial activities, the contributions of which are closely overlapping and conversing with each other.
Ultrasound Tactile Display for Stress Field Reproduction " Examination of Non-Vibratory Tactile Apparent Movement
Authors: Takayuki Iwamoto, Hiroyuki Shinoda
Venue: Proceedings of the First Joint Eurohaptics Conference and Symposium on Haptic Interfaces for Virtual Environment and Teleoperator Systems (2005)

We developed a new tactile display using acoustic radiation pressure. The display can produce a 1 mm diameter focal point and 2 gf total force. By steering the focal point using a linear phased array, the display creates various precise spatiotemporal patterns of pressure distribution on the skin. We conducted experiments on "tactile apparent movement" with the tactile display and found that even if the successive stimuli were not vibrations but simple indentations, tactile apparent movement was evoked. When the intervals of the indentations were between 10 ms and 40 ms, discriminating between actual stroking and apparent movement was quite difficult.
Business rules domains and business rules modeling
Authors: Nicholas Zsifkov, Radu Campeanu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2004 international symposium on Information and communication technologies (2004)

This article is focused on the enterprise business rules, which can be associated with the enterprise information system client-server communications. By generalizing four major types of inter-application (or inter-service) communication protocols, the article introduces a formal model for horizontal business rules, which can be associated with such communications.