ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
TVGrid: A Grid Architecture to use the idle resources on a Digital TV network
Authors: Carlos Eduardo Coelho Freire Batista, Tiago Maritan Ugulino de Araujo, Derzu Omaia, Thiago Curvelo dos Anjos, Giuliano Maia Lins de Castro, Francisco Vilar Brasileiro, Guido Lemos De Souza Filho
Venue: Proceedings of the Seventh IEEE International Symposium on Cluster Computing and the Grid (2007)

Systems such as SETI@home [8] have proven that it is possible to make good use of massive amounts of communication and computing power that would otherwise be wasted in the leaves of the Internet. In this paper we explore this idea in a different setting. We present the TVGrid architecture, which brings parallel application execution to the Digital TV domain, by using the idle communication and processing capacity of a digital TV network. In the proposed architecture, a TV station runs a scheduler that uses unused bandwidth in the digital TV broadcast channel to send tasks to digital TV receivers, which may run them using their unused capacity. Task's outputs are later sent back to the TV station through a return channel (a broadband Internet connection, for example). TV Grid architecture was developed during the studies of the Brazilian Digital TV project.
Service Oriented Computing: Technology Trends and Research Directions
Authors: Ricardo Morin, Mariano Cilia, William Henry, Michael Rowley, Wei-Tek Tsai
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Service-Oriented Computing and Applications (2007)

In this session we have assembled a recognized panel of experts to discuss key technology trends and research directions of the relatively new field of Service Oriented Computing (SOC). The framework for the discussion will be the taxonomy proposed by Papazoglou, et al [*], which organizes the field in four architectural layers: a) Service Foundations, b) Service Composition, c) Service Management, and d) Service Engineering. Each of the panelists will deliver a short dissertation on one of the architectural layers, emphasizing the major research and technological challenges in their area of expertise. We will then open the floor for questions and the panelists will engage in a moderated, interactive discussion with the audience.
A Multi-Interface Proposal for IEEE 802.21 Media Independent Handover
Authors: Mo Li, Kumbesan Sandrasegaran, Tracy Tung
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on the Management of Mobile Business (2007)

In Next-Generation (NG) wireless networks, hybrid handover techniques are expected to enable the integration of heterogeneous networks, e.g. 3G cellular networks and 802.11 Wireless LAN (WLAN). Media Independent Handover (MIH) has begun to be discussed in the latest IEEE 802.21 to accommodate multiple disparate interfaces in mobile handset. Multiple interfaces can come in a variety of ways to facilitate hybrid handover, and may result in different requirements on protocols and performance. In this paper, we classify multi-interface schemes for handover in heterogeneous wireless networks. We propose a multi-interface scheme for IEEE 802.21 MIH. The scheme is proposed to be able to work with standard TCP and Mobile IPv4 agent routers without particular configuration. Based on this scheme, we implemented a dual-interface Mobile Host (MH) model in Network Simulation 2 (ns2) to evaluate how it performs in comparison with single-interface MH.
Concept-Aware Ranking: Teaching an Old Graph New Moves
Authors: Colin DeLong, Sandeep Mane, Jaideep Srivastava
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Data Mining - Workshops (2006)

In ranking algorithms for web graphs, such as PageRank and HITS, the lack of attention to concepts/topics representing web page content causes problems such as topic drift and mutually reinforcing relationships between hosts. This paper proposes a novel approach to expand the Web graph to incorporate conceptual information encoded by links (anchor text) between web pages. Using web graph link structure and conceptual information associated with each web page (automatically extracted from anchor text of inlinks), a new graph is defined where each node represents a unique pair of a web page and concept associated with that web page, and an edge represents an explicit or implicit link between two such nodes. This graph captures inter-concept relationships, which is then utilized by ranking algorithms. Our experimental results show that such an approach improves accuracy (e.g., first X precision) by retrieving links which are more authoritative given a user's context.
A combined Kalman filter and natural gradient algorithm approach for blind separation of binary distributed sources in time-varying channels
Authors: M. G. Jafari
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2001. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 05 (2001)

A combined Kalman filter (KF) and natural gradient algorithm (NGA) approach is proposed to address the problem of blind source separation (BSS) in time-varying environments, in particular for binary distributed signals. In situations where the mixing channel is nonstationary, the performance of the NGA is often poor. Typically, in such cases, an adaptive learning rate is used to help the NGA track the changes in the environment. The Kalman filter, on the other hand, is the optimal, minimum mean square error method for tracking certain non-stationarity. Experimental results are presented, and suggest that the combined approach performs significantly better than NGA in the presence of both continuous and abrupt non-stationarities.
Automated Discovery of Performance Envelopes
Authors: James Bouhana, Mike Tsykin
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Internet Monitoring and Protection (2007)

In order to decide if systems are runni ng according to their usual trend, it is necessary to compare against a baseline that defines an operating performance envelope. We describe ho w baselines can be derived automatically from stores of performance data, which are typically flat text files or databases. Baseline envelopes can be built as needed by varying the baseline norm, granularity, update frequency, etc. Baselin ing outputs are sets of alert thresholds stratified by system, metric, and hour. The role and usage of performance envelopes in automated alerting is discussed, with examples of reports that can be produced.
Reasoning about SMP in FreeBSD
Authors: Jeffrey Hsu
Venue: Proceedings of the BSD Conference 2003 on BSD Conference (2003)

While the subject of SMP locking primitives has been well covered in the literature [Val][Schm][Bald][Leh], there has been relatively little discussion on the rationale and process behind the application of these locking primitives. This leads to an inverted problem where the bulk of the work in making a kernel SMP-safe lies above the locking primitives, yet there is little guidance on how and where to lock in the individual subsystems. In this paper, we will discuss our experiences with SMP locking in the FreeBSD kernel and illustrate some of the reasoning concerning the placement or non-placement of SMP locks in the kernel. We hope this will aid other developers in locking up the remaining subsystems and in understanding the locks that are already in place. We start with an overview of general locking strategies followed by many examples of race conditions caused by faulty SMP reasoning and give solutions for correctly locking up the affected piece of code. All our examples are taken from actual committed versions of the FreeBSD source.
Preliminary Level Cardiac Abnormality Detection Using Wireless Telecardiology System
Authors: M. Mitra, S. Mitra, J. N. Bera, R. Gupta, B. B. Chaudhuri
Venue: Proceedings of the First International Conference on the Digital Society (2007)

This paper describes a portable diagnostic telecardiology system, aimed to benefit the rural people of a third world country like India. The designed system consists of two major blocks; the first one is required to be carried to the patient home, named "Portable Telecardiology Kit'. The second one, named "Automated Cardiac Signal Processor', a PC based system, to be permanently placed at the nearest rural health care center. The "Portable Telecardiology Kit' contains a portable ECG machine, a dedicated microcontroller-based full duplex communication system, both interfaced, in a single enclosure. This kit will convert the ECG signal along with a tag page (containing different information regarding patient's health and history of illness) to a digitized serial electromagnetic wave. The signal may be transmitted over a distance of about 7-10 km through a cordless phone under full duplex mode. The PC-based system, after receiving the transmitted signal from patient site, extract the ECG signal after proper filtering, and then pass the signal through an in-built knowledge-base. Finally, a rule-based rough set decision system is generated for the development of an inference engine for disease identification from these time-plane features. The system will generate a report indicating the preliminary level abnormalities, and the precautions that can be adopted at an early stage. The entire report is then sent to the Portable kit at the patient bed-site.
Transmission of layered video streaming via multi-path on ad hoc networks
Authors: Meng-Yen Hsieh, Yueh-Min Huang, Tzu-Chinag Chiang
Venue: Multimedia Tools and Applications (2007)

Mobile ad hoc networks without centralized infrastructure change their topology rapidly because of node mobility, making multimedia applications difficult to run across wireless networks. Moreover, video transmission over ad hoc networks causes frequent transmission loss of video packets owing to end-to-end transmission with a number of wireless links, and requires essential bandwidth and restricted delay to provide quality-guaranteed display. This paper presents an architecture supporting transmission of multiple video streams in ad hoc networks by establishing multiple routing paths to provide extra video coding and transport schemes. This study also proposes an on-demand multicast routing protocol to transport layered video streams. The multicast routing protocol transmits layered video streaming based on a weight criterion, which is derived according to the number of receivers, delay and expiration time of a route. A simulation is performed herein to indicate the viability and performance of the proposed approach. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed transport scheme is more effective than other video transport schemes with single or multiple paths.
A Formal Theory of Key Conjuring
Authors: Veronique Cortier, Stephanie Delaune, Graham Steel
Venue: Proceedings of the 20th IEEE Computer Security Foundations Symposium (2007)

Key conjuring is the process by which an attacker obtains an unknown, encrypted key by repeatedly calling a cryptographic API function with random values in place of keys. We propose a formalism for detecting computationally feasible key conjuring operations, incorporated into a Dolev-Yao style model of the security API. We show that security in the presence of key conjuring operations is decidable for a particular class of APIs, which includes the key management API of IBM's Common Cryptographic Architecture (CCA).
Complex engineered, organizational and natural systems: Issues Underlying the Complexity of Systems and Fundamental Research Needed To Address These Issues Contract: National Science Foundation; grant number 0538768
Authors: William B. Rouse
Venue: Systems Engineering (2007)

This paper describes an effort to determine the rationale and content for a research agenda in complex systems. This effort included a workshop conducted with 50 thought leaders in complex engineered, organizational, and natural systems. The results of this workshop were subsequently presented to seven groups in academia and industry across the United States. In this way, additional comments, suggestions, and insights were gained from roughly 200 participants in these presentations. The objectives of these eight events were to understand the underlying issues that cause us to perceive a system to be complex, and formulate a set of fundamental research questions whose pursuit would advance abilities to address these issues. &copy; 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Eng: 260&ndash;271, 2007
Assessing engineering design performance and teamwork: cross-validating written self-reports and performance observations
Authors: C. D. Lewis
Venue: Proceedings of the Frontiers in Education Conference, 2001. on 31st Annual - Volume 01 (2001)

The evolution of engineering education requires evolution in how engineering learning outcomes are assessed. Having students answer test questions about the design process may not reflect their ability to solve "messy" open-ended problems while working in groups. An instrument for assessing competence in mid program engineering student design is under development by several Washington State institutions of higher education. This presentation covers: development of the instrument, current,findings relevant to instrument reliability and validity, and mid-program student concepts of design and collaboration.
lmbench: portable tools for performance analysis
Authors: Larry McVoy, Carl Staelin
Venue: Proceedings of the 1996 annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference (1996)

lmbench is a micro-benchmark suite designed to focus attention on the basic building blocks of many common system applications, such as databases, simulations, software development, and networking. In almost all cases, the individual tests are the result of analysis and isolation of a customer's actual performance problem. These tools can be, and currently are, used to compare different system implementations from different vendors. In several cases, the benchmarks have uncovered previously unknown bugs and design flaws. The results have shown a strong correlation between memory system performance and overall performance. lmbench includes an extensible database of results from systems current as of late 1995.
A future-adaptive password scheme
Authors: Niels Provos, David Mazières
Venue: Proceedings of the annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference (1999)

Many authentication schemes depend on secret passwords. Unfortunately, the length and randomness of user-chosen passwords remain fixed over time. In contrast, hardware improvements constantly give attackers increasing computational power. As a result, password schemes such as the traditional UNIX user-authentication system are failing with time. This paper discusses ways of building systems in which password security keeps up with hardware speeds. We formalize the properties desirable in a good password system, and show that the computational cost of any secure password scheme must increase as hardware improves. We present two algorithms with adaptable cost--eksblowfish, a block cipher with a purposefully expensive key schedule, and bcrypt, a related hash function. Failing a major breakthrough in complexity theory, these algorithms should allow password-based systems to adapt to hardware improvements and remain secure well into the future.
Global Environmental Education using Squeak and Field Servers
Authors: Mamoru Matsuoka, Haruhiko Okumura, Tomosumi Sasaki, Hiroshi Shimamura, Tsutomu Shimomura, Takaharu Kameoka
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Creating, Connecting and Collaborating through Computing (2007)

We are promoting projects in combination with Squeak eToys, visual programming software for children and Field Server, remote monitoring system for edible vegetation. We developed a Squeak interface with Field Servers, the remote environment monitoring equipments developed by the National Agricultural Research Center of Japan and installed throughout the world. The interface allows children to create Squeak eToys Programs easily that can monitor remote environment. We are preparing an educational program that encourage children to develop such Squeak eToys Programs and to discuss environmental issues with overseas peers using Picton, the picture language developed by Pangaea, the Japan-based nonprofit activity. Our project is backed by the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology.
Network Intrusion Detection by Multi-group Mathematical Programming based Classifier
Authors: Gang Kou, Yi Peng, Yong Shi, Zhengxin Chen
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Data Mining - Workshops (2006)

The growing number of computer network attacks or intrusions has caused huge lost to companies, organizations, and governments during the last decade. Intrusion detection, which aims at identifying and predicting network attacks, is a fast developing area that has attracted attention from both industry and academia. Technologies have been developed to detect network intrusions using theories and methods from statistics, machine learning, soft computing, mathematics, and many other fields. We have previously proposed multiple criteria linear programming (MCLP) and multiple criteria nonlinear programming (MCNP) models for two-group intrusion detection. Although these models achieve good results in two-group classification problems, they perform poorly on multi-group situations. In order to solve the problem, we introduce the kernel concept into multiple criteria models in this paper. Experimental results show that the new model provides both high classification accuracies and low false alarm rates in three-group and four-group intrusion detection. Keywords: Network intrusion detection, Security, Multiple criteria mathematical programming, Multi-group classification.
Improved estimation of minimum variance beamformer with small number of samples
Authors: A. Souloumiac
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 05 (1996)

We address the problem of using an array of sensors for separating the signal emitted by a narrowband source from unwanted disturbance signals (jammers and noise). The source of interest steering vector is assumed to be known exactly and the goal is to estimate the signal of interest with the maximum signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR). The classical solution to this problem is the minimum variance beamformer (MVB). But the classical estimator of this spatial filter shows poor performance for small number of samples. We demonstrate by means of a Cramer-Rao bound calculation that every unbiased estimator of the MVB achieves low SINR, and we propose a new biased estimator which shows improved performance with small number of data. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Rotary router: an efficient architecture for CMP interconnection networks
Authors: Pablo Abad, Valentin Puente, José Angel Gregorio, Pablo Prieto
Venue: Proceedings of the 34th annual international symposium on Computer architecture (2007)

The trend towards increasing the number of processor cores and cache capacity in future Chip-Multiprocessors (CMPs), will require scalable packet-switched interconnection networks adapted to the restrictions imposed by the CMP environment. This paper presents an innovative router design, which successfully addresses CMP cost/performance constraints. The router structure is based on two independent rings, which force packets to circulate either clockwise or anti-clockwise, traveling through every port of the router. It uses a completely decentralized scheduling scheme, which allows the design to: (1) take advantage of wide links, (2) reduce Head of Line blocking, (3) use adaptive routing, (4) be topology agnostic, (5) scale with network degree, and (6) have reasonable power consumption and implementation cost. A thorough comparative performance analysis against competitive conventional routers shows an advantage for our proposal of up to 50 % in terms of raw performance and nearly 60 % in terms of energy-delay product.
Multi-scale, Perceptual and Vector Quanitzation Based Video Codec
Authors: P. Bagheri Zadeh, T. Buggy, A. Sheikh Akbari
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Digital Telecommunications (2007)

This paper presents a novel hybrid Multi-scale, perceptual and vector quantization based video coding scheme. In intra mode of operation, a wavelet transform is applied to the input frame and decorrelate it into a number of subbands. The lowest frequency subband is losslessly coded. The coefficient of the high frequency subbands are pixel quantized using perceptual weights, which specifically designed for each high frequency subband. The quantized coefficients are then coded using quadtree-coding scheme. In the inter mode of operation, displaced frame difference is generated using overlapped block motion estimation / compensation to exploit the interframe redundancy. A wavelet transform is then applied to the displaced frame difference to decorrelate it into a number of subbands. The coefficients in the resulting subbands are coded using an adaptive vector quantization scheme. To evaluate the performance of the proposed codec, the proposed codec and the adaptive subband vector quantization coding scheme (ASVQ), which has been shown outperforms H.263 at all bitrates, were applied to a number of test sequences. Results indicate that the proposed codec outperforms ASVQ subjectively and objectively at all bit rates.
Spatial and spectral quaternionic approaches for colour images
Authors: Patrice Denis, Philippe Carre, Christine Fernandez-Maloigne
Venue: Computer Vision and Image Understanding (2007)

Hypercomplex or quaternions numbers have been used recently for both greyscale and colour image processing. Fast, numerous hypercomplex 2D Fourier transforms were presented as a generalization of the complex 2D Fourier transform to this new hypercomplex space. Thus, the major problem was to put an interpretation of what information the Fourier coefficients could provide. In this paper, we first define the conditions on the spectrum coefficients needed to reconstruct a colour image without loss of information through the inverse quaternionic Fourier transform process. The result is used to interpret the quaternionic spectrum coefficients of this specific colour Fourier transform. Secondly, with this apprehension of the quaternion numbers and the corresponding colour spectrum space, we define spatial and frequential strategies to filter colour images.
Using the composite act frame technique to model 'Rules of Origin' knowledge representations in e-government services
Authors: Wanchai Varavithya, Vatcharaporn Esichaikul
Venue: Electronic Commerce Research and Applications (2007)

Rules of Origin (ROO), globally applied to determine the eligibility for trade preferences, are a vital instrument in international trade, since they defines the country of origin of products. Whereas the technical nature of the ROO criteria is complex and voluminous, common ROO knowledge representation is a vital key in promoting interoperability and effective e-government services. This paper aims to lay down a ROO knowledge representation model using the composite act frame technique extended from the frame-based ontology of law. To prove the generic and extensibility aspects of the model, we conducted an assessment test with different criteria for the ROO. The implementation of the ROO knowledge representations to support Web-based e-government services is accomplished ''Rules of Origin VERification Systems'', known more simply as ''ROVERs''.