ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Methods of Relevance Ranking and Hit-content Generation in Math Search
Authors: Abdou S. Youssef
Venue: Proceedings of the 14th symposium on Towards Mechanized Mathematical Assistants: 6th International Conference (2007)

To be effective and useful, math search systems must not only maximize precision and recall, but also present the query hits in a form that makes it easy for the user to identify quickly the truly relevant hits. To meet that requirement, the search system must sort the hits according to domain-appropriate relevance criteria, and provide with each hit a query-relevant summary of the hit target.The standard relevance measures in text search, which rely mostly on keyword frequencies and document sizes, turned out to be inadequate in math search. Therefore, alternative relevance measures must be defined, which give more weight to certain types of information than to others and take into account cross-reference statistics. In this paper, new, multidimensional relevance metrics are defined for math search, methods for computing and implementing them are discussed, and comparative performance evaluation results are presented.Query-relevant hit-summary generation is another factor that enables users to quickly determine the relevance of the presented hits. Although the hit title accompanied by a few leading sentences from the target document is simple to produce, this often fails to convey to the user the document's relevant excerpts. This shifts the burden onto the user to pursue many of the hits, and read significant portions of their target documents, to finally locate the wanted documents. Clearly, this task is too time-consuming and should be largely automated. This paper presents query-relevant hit-summary generation methods, outlines implementation strategies, and presents performance evaluation results.
Non-blocking object copy for real-time garbage collection
Authors: Martin Schoeberl, Wolfgang Puffitsch
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th international workshop on Java technologies for real-time and embedded systems (2008)

A real-time garbage collector has to fulfill two conflicting properties: avoid heap fragmentation and provide short blocking time. The heap needs to be compacted to avoid probably unbounded fragmentation. During compaction all objects are copied; copying is usually performed atomically to avoid interference with mutator threads. Copying of large objects and especially large arrays introduces long blocking times that are unacceptable for real-time systems. In this paper an interruptible copy unit is presented that implements non-blocking object copy. The unit intercepts object and array field access and redirects the access either to the source or destination part of the moving object. The unit can be interrupted after a single word move. The resulting maximum blocking time is the time for a memory word read and write. We have implemented the proposed non-blocking copy unit in the Java processor JOP and are able to run high priority real-time tasks at 10 kHz parallel to the garbage collection task on a 100 MHz system.
Trajectory Annotation and Retrieval Based on Semantics
Authors: Miyoung Cho, Chang Choi, Junho Choi, Hongryoul Yi, Pankoo Kim
Venue: Adaptive Multimedial Retrieval: Retrieval, User, and Semantics: 5th International Workshop, AMR 2007, Paris, France, July 5-6, 2007 Revised Selected Papers (2007)

Recently, the rapid increase of the available amount of multimedia information has revealed an urgent need for developing intelligent methods for understanding and managing information. There are many features such as color, shape, texture and motion for semantic information in video data. Especially, the most important semantic information is based on a trajectory which is the significant factor for event representation of objects in video. In this paper, we focus on semantic representation using topological and directional relations between non-moving and moving objects. In the experiment part, we compared retrieval results using TSR(Tangent Space Representation) with those using rules represented by the proposed model. We extend queries and motion verbs in a specific domain (not general verbs) and apply the proposed method to an automatic annotation or narration system.
Communication: On the restricted homomorphism problem
Authors: Richard C. Brewster, Timothy Graves
Venue: Discrete Applied Mathematics (2008)

The restricted homomorphism problemRHP(H,Y) asks: given an input digraph G and a homomorphism g:G->Y, does there exist a homomorphism f:G->H? We prove that if H is hereditarily hard and Y@?H, then RHP(H,Y) is NP-complete. Since non-bipartite graphs are hereditarily hard, this settles in the affirmative a conjecture of Hell and Nesetril.
AGE-P: A Platform for Open Evolution
Authors: Ralf Salomon, Stefan Goldmann
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Parallel Problem Solving from Nature: PPSN X (2008)

Smart-appliances ensembles are highly dynamic device collections in which devices can leave and join at any time without notice. Due to the high system dynamics, such ensembles cannot employ standard evolutionary algorithms for their internal self-organization processes. Therefore, this paper proposes a new evolutionary framework, called the appliances-go-evolution platform (AGE-P). The simulation experiments indicate that AGE-P is able to properly cope with the peculiarities of smart-appliances ensembles and that it is thus a suitable option for their self-organization processes.
A Platform for Massive Agent-Based Simulation and Its Evaluation
Authors: Gaku Yamamoto, Hideki Tai, Hideyuki Mizuta
Venue: Massively Multi-Agent Technology: AAMAS Workshops, MMAS 2006, LSMAS 2006, and CCMMS 2007 Hakodate, Japan, May 9, 2006 Honolulu, HI, USA, May 15, 2007 Selected and Revised Papers (2008)

Agent based simulation (ABS) is efficient for the simulation of objects whose mathematical modeling is not easy. There are many studies on ABS and several frameworks for ABS have already been published. However, there are few frameworks that can enable agent-based simulation using large numbers of agents. We have been developing a Java-based platform for Massive Agent-Based Simulation (MABS) called "Zillions of Agents-based Simulation Environment" or ZASE. The purpose of ZASE is to develop MABS applications on multiple general computers such as PCs or workstations where they are connected with a high performance but generally available network such as gigabit Ethernet. ZASE is designed to host over millions of agents. In this paper, we introduce ZASE and explain the fundamental capabilities for MABS provided by ZASE. We evaluated ZASE for the agent-based auction simulation where the number of agents varied from ten to a million. The results indicate that the number of agents affects the final bid prices and their distributions. Performance measurement results on both an SMP computer environment and a multiple-computer environment are shown. The results in the both cases were about 3.5 millions of times of that agents handle messages in a second. The scalability ratio on the SMP computer and the multiple-computers environment were 78% and 85% respectively. Those scalability ratios are such good values for the simulations.
Channel Estimation for MIMO-OFDM Systems in Non-sample-Spaced Multipath Channels
Authors: Yun Wu, Hanwen Luo
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 Congress on Image and Signal Processing, Vol. 5 - Volume 05 (2008)

The decision-directed space-alternating generalized expectation-maximization (SAGE) algorithm is introduced in [1] to estimate the channel and track the channel varying for OFDM systems with transmitter diversity. However, this method is based upon a discrete Fourier transform (DFT), which will cause power leakage and result in an error floor in a multipath channel with non-sample-spaced time delays. In order to overcome this problem, a low rank approximation method is presented by using the signal subspace of the channel frequency autocorrelation matrix. Furthermore, a modified fast subspace tracking algorithm is introduced to adaptive estimate the signal subspace by using a space–time block coded training blocks sent at regular interval. Simulation results show the advantages of the proposed technique for MIMO-OFDM systems in time-varying non-sample-spaced wireless channels.
Left-lateralized n170 effects of visual expertise in reading: Evidence from japanese syllabic and logographic scripts
Authors: Urs Maurer, Jason D. Zevin, Bruce D. McCandliss
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2008)

The N170 component of the event-related potential (ERP) reflects experience-dependent neural changes in several forms of visual expertise, including expertise for visual words. Readers skilled in writing systems that link characters to phonemes (i.e., alphabetic writing) typically produce a left-lateralized N170 to visual word forms. This study examined the N170 in three Japanese scripts that link characters to larger phonological units. Participants were monolingual English speakers (EL1) and native Japanese speakers (JL1) who were also proficient in English. ERPs were collected using a 129-channel array, as participants performed a series of experiments viewing words or novel control stimuli in a repetition detection task. The N170 was strongly left-lateralized for all three Japanese scripts (including logographic Kanji characters) in JL1 participants, but bilateral in EL1 participants viewing these same stimuli. This demonstrates that left-lateralization of the N170 is dependent on specific reading expertise and is not limited to alphabetic scripts. Additional contrasts within the moraic Katakana script revealed equivalent N170 responses in JL1 speakers for familiar Katakana words and for Kanji words transcribed into novel Katakana words, suggesting that the N170 expertise effect is driven by script familiarity rather than familiarity with particular visual word forms. Finally, for English words and novel symbol string stimuli, both EL1 and JL1 subjects produced equivalent responses for the novel symbols, and more left-lateralized N170 responses for the English words, indicating that such effects are not limited to the first language. Taken together, these cross-linguistic results suggest that similar neural processes underlie visual expertise for print in very different writing systems.
Adaptive manager-side control policy in contract net protocol for massively multi-agent systems
Authors: Toshiharu Sugawara, Satoshi Kurihara, Toshio Hirotsu, Kensuke Fukuda
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems - Volume 3 (2008)

We describe a new adaptive manager-side control policy for the contract net protocol for a massively multi-agent system (MMAS). To improve overall performance of MMAS, tasks must be allocated to appropriate agents. From this viewpoint, a number of negotiation protocols were proposed in the MAS context, but most assume a small-scale, unbusy environment. We previously reported that, using contract net protocol (CNP), the overall efficiency could improve by an adequate control of degree of fluctuation in the awarding phase depending on the state of MMAS. In this paper, we propose the method to estimate these states from the bid values, which have hitherto not been used effectively. Then the manager-side policy flexibly and autonomously with some degree of fluctuation responsive to the estimated states is introduced. We also evaluate that our proposed CNP policy.
Analysis of QUAD
Authors: Bo-Yin Yang, Owen Chia-Hsin Chen, Daniel J. Bernstein, Jiun-Ming Chen
Venue: Fast Software Encryption: 14th International Workshop, FSE 2007, Luxembourg, Luxembourg, March 26-28, 2007, Revised Selected Papers (2007)

In a Eurocrypt 2006 article entitled "QUAD: A Practical Stream Cipher with Provable Security," Berbain, Gilbert, and Patarin introduced QUAD, a parametrized family of stream ciphers. The article stated that "the security of the novel stream cipher is provably reducible to the intractability of the MQ problem"; this reduction deduces the infeasibility of attacks on QUAD from the hypothesized infeasibility (with an extra looseness factor) of attacks on the well-known hard problem of solving systems of multivariate quadratic equations over finite fields. The QUAD talk at Eurocrypt 2006 reported speeds for QUAD instances with 160-bit state and output block over the fields GF(2), GF(16), and GF(256).This paper discusses both theoretical and practical aspects of attacking QUAD and of attacking the underlying hard problem. For example, this paper shows how to use XL-Wiedemann to break the GF(256) instance QUAD(256,20,20) in approximately 266 Opteron cycles, and to break the underlying hard problem in approximately 245 cycles. For each of the QUAD parameters presented at Eurocrypt 2006, this analysis shows the implications and limitations of the security proofs, pointing out which QUAD instances are not secure, and which ones will never be proven secure. Empirical data backs up the theoretical conclusions; in particular, the 245-cycle attack was carried out successfully.
Improved radial basis function methods for multi-dimensional option pricing
Authors: Ulrika Pettersson, Elisabeth Larsson, Gunnar Marcusson, Jonas Persson
Venue: Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics (2008)

In this paper, we have derived a radial basis function (RBF) based method for the pricing of financial contracts by solving the Black-Scholes partial differential equation. As an example of a financial contract that can be priced with this method we have chosen the multi-dimensional European basket call option. We have shown numerically that our scheme is second-order accurate in time and spectrally accurate in space for constant shape parameter. For other non-optimal choices of shape parameter values, the resulting convergence rate is algebraic. We propose an adapted node point placement that improves the accuracy compared with a uniform distribution. Compared with an adaptive finite difference method, the RBF method is 20-40 times faster in one and two space dimensions and has approximately the same memory requirements.
An EMD based simulation of fractional Gaussian noise
Authors: Peiwei Shan, Ming Li
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th WSEAS International Conference on Instrumentation, Measurement, Circuits and Systems (2008)

This paper introduces a system for synthesizing fractional Gaussian noise (FGN) based on two approaches in the platform of MATLAB. One is empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and the other correlation method. The system can be used to simulate FGN and fractional Brownian motion (fBm), respectively. A comparison of theoretical and real autocorrelation of a synthesized realizations of FGN is illustrated between EMD-based simulation and correlation-based one.
Building an interdisciplinary framework for experience design: the use of social software in the aftermath of the london bombings
Authors: June Deery, Bill Hart-Davidson
Venue:  (2007)

Occurring during a tumultuous time period in which crisis and disaster situations are affecting millions, recent developments in technology, culture, and media production have provided a dynamic space in which emerging, people-powered communication tools are rapidly evolving. Both the urgency of these upheavals and the rapid pace of internet development have led to tool creation and transformation as content producers and participants leverage incomplete systems in an attempt to accomplish their goals. The use of social software online has engaged a participatory culture. As we move towards producing participatory tools, it is critical that we reassess how we can design for holistic experiences that take into consideration the entire experience of what it is to interact with multiple tools and media, both offline and online, rather than only considering the interface design of technology.Drawing on perspectives from Human Computer Interaction, Science and Technology Studies, and Media Studies this dissertation proposes a new framework for mediated system design. But first, to understand current strengths and limitations, I have selected the London Bombings of 7 July 2005 as a case study from which to examine in some detail the use of social software as this crisis unfolded and to assess the relative effectiveness of different types of communication.
A Heuristic Approach to Caption Enhancement for Effective Video OCR
Authors: Lei Xie, Xi Tan
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Intelligent Computing: Advanced Intelligent Computing Theories and Applications - with Aspects of Theoretical and Methodological Issues (2008)

We present a heuristic approach to enhancing speech synchronized captions for video OCR, as a pre-process for subsequent tasks of multimedia indexing, segmentation and retrieval. We use a bi-search based caption transition detection method to improve efficiency, which adopts a simple heuristics that the same caption content usually lasts for a period for stable viewing. We propose a combination of color mask, changing mask and region mask to perform caption enhancement based on the discriminative characteristics of captions and backgrounds. Elaborate enhancement on individual characters is further used to remove small background residues. OCR experiments show that our caption enhancement approach brings a high character accuracy of 89.24%.
Determination of Active Pattern during the Conceptual Design of Self-Optimizing Systems Demonstrated by an Air Gap Adjustment System
Authors: Jürgen Gausemeier, Herbert Podlogar, Jörg Donoth, Detmar Zimmer, Alexander Schmidt
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 19th International Conference on Systems Engineering (2008)

The conceivable development of information technology will enable mechatronic systems with inherent partial intelligence. We refer to this by using the term "self-optimization". Self-optimizing systems react autonomously and flexibly on changing environmental conditions. They learn and optimize their behavior during operation. The design of self-optimizing systems is an interdisciplinary task. Mechanical, electrical, control, and software engineers are involved as well as experts from mathematical optimization and artificial intelligence. During the phase "conceptual design" developers have to choose solution patterns for functions from various domains. Different terminologies complicate the search for appropiate solution patterns, espacially in case of solution patterns used for self-optimization. In this contribution we introduce the active pattern for self-optimization as a new type of solution patterns. We present a domain spanning search for active patterns for self-optimization and demonstrate the search at a self-optimizing air gap adjustment system of a linear drive.
A Fast Indexing Method for Monte-Carlo Go
Authors: Keh-Hsun Chen, Dawei Du, Peigang Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Computers and Games (2008)

3×3 patterns are widely used in Monte-Carlo (MC) Go programs to improve the performance. In this paper, we propose a direct indexing approach to build and use a complete 3×3 pattern library. The contents of the immediate 8 neighboring positions of a board point are coded into a 16-bit string, called surrounding index. The surrounding indices of all board points can be updated incrementally in an efficient way. We propose an effective method to learn the pattern weights from forty thousand professional games. The method converges faster and performs equally well or better than the method of computing "Elo ratings" [4]. The knowledge contained in the pattern library can be efficiently applied to the MC simulations and to the growth of MC search tree. Testing results showed that our method increased the winning rates of Go Intellect against GNU Go on 9×9 games by over 7% taking the tax on the program speed into consideration.
Neural Network Based Visual Tracking with Multi-cue Adaptive Fusion
Authors: Yongwei Li, Shiqiang Hu, Peng Guo
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th international symposium on Neural Networks: Advances in Neural Networks, Part III (2007)

Visual tracking has been an active area of research in computer vision. However, robust tracking is still a challenging task due to cluttered backgrounds, occlusions and pose variations in the real world. To improve the tracking robustness, this paper proposes a tracking method based on multi-cue adaptive fusion. In this method, multiple cues, such as color and shape, are fused to represent the target observation. When fusing multiple cues, fuzzy logic is adopted to dynamically adjust each cue weight in the observation according to its associated reliability in the past frame. In searching and tracking object, neural network algorithm is applied, which improves the searching efficiency. Experimental results show that the proposed method is robust to illumination changes, pose variations, partial occlusions, cluttered backgrounds and camera motion.
Log-based distributed intrusion detection for hybrid networks
Authors: Francoise Sailhan, Julien Bourgeois
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th annual workshop on Cyber security and information intelligence research: developing strategies to meet the cyber security and information intelligence challenges ahead (2008)

We propose a novel hybrid distributed security operation center which collects logs that are generated by any application, service, and protocol regardless of the layer of the protocol stack and the device (e.g., router); providing a global view of the supervised system based on which complex and distributed intrusions can be detected. Our HDSOC further (i) distributes its capabilities and (ii) provides extensive coordination capabilities for guarantying that both the network and the HDSOC components do not constitute isolated entities largely unaware of each others.
Small boundary-pulse-width control for dc to ac single-phase inverters
Authors: Jasim. A. Ghaeb, Osama M. Aloquili
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th WSEAS International Conference on Automatic Control, Modelling & Simulation (2008)

The main purpose of pulse-width -modulation technique for power inverters is to control the output voltage. The most familiar techniques: uniform-pulse-width-modulation and sinusoidal-pulse-width-modulation. This paper proposes new techniques for improving the inverter performance. The methods are based on pulse-width technique. A variation of pulse-widths for the middle and boundary pulses is implemented, to reduce the harmonic effect and obtaining an improved inverter operation. Result in reduced harmonics of the inverter output voltage and an optimum operation is obtained through using small boundary-pulse-width technique.
Hand Drawn Symbol Recognition by Blurred Shape Model Descriptor and a Multiclass Classifier
Authors: Alicia Fornés, Sergio Escalera, Josep Lladós, Gemma Sánchez, Joan Mas
Venue: Graphics Recognition. Recent Advances and New Opportunities: 7th International Workshop, GREC 2007, Curitiba, Brazil, September 20-21, 2007. Selected Papers (2008)

In the document analysis field, the recognition of handwriting symbols is a difficult task because of the distortions due to hand drawings and the different writer styles. In this paper, we propose the Blurred Shape Model to describe handwritten symbols, and the use of Adaboost in an Error Correcting Codes framework to deal with multi-class categorization handwriting problems. It is a robust approach tolerant to the distortions and variability typically found in handwritten documents. This approach has been evaluated with the public GREC2005 database and an architectural symbol database extracted from a sketching interface, reaching high recognition rates compared with the state-of-the-art approaches.