ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Rough Sets in Hybrid Soft Computing Systems
Authors: Renpu Li, Yongsheng Zhao, Fuzeng Zhang, Lihua Song
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Advanced Data Mining and Applications (2007)

Soft computing is considered as a good candidate to deal with imprecise and uncertain problems in data mining. In the last decades research on hybrid soft computing systems concentrates on the combination of fuzzy logic, neural networks and genetic algorithms. In this paper a survey of hybrid soft computing systems based on rough sets is provided in the field of data mining. These hybrid systems are summarized according to three different functions of rough sets: preprocessing data, measuring uncertainty and mining knowledge. General observations about rough sets based hybrid systems are presented. Some challenges of existing hybrid systems and directions for future research are also indicated.
An Architecture and a Formal Description Technique for the Design and Implementation of Reconfigurable User Interfaces
Authors: David Navarre, Philippe Palanque, Jean-François Ladry, Sandra Basnyat
Venue: Interactive Systems. Design, Specification, and Verification: 15th International Workshop, DSV-IS 2008 Kingston, Canada, July 16-18, 2008 Revised Papers (2008)

This paper proposes an architecture that provides a means to handle failures of input and output devices. This handling is done by means of previously defined and designed configurations. According to the failure identified at runtime of the interactive system, the most appropriate configuration will be loaded and executed. Such reconfiguration aims at allowing operators to continue interacting with the interactive system even though part of the user interface hardware has failed. These types of problems arise in domains such as command and control systems where the operator is confronted with several display units and can use various combinations of input devices either in a mono-modal or in a multimodal manner.
Identifying Opportunities for Web Services Security Performance Optimizations
Authors: Robert A. van Engelen, Wei Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE Congress on Services - Part I (2008)

WS-Security is an essential component of the Web services protocol stack. WS-Security provides end-to-end security properties, thereby assuring the participation of non-secure transport intermediaries in message exchanges, a key advantage in Web-based systems. However, compared to point-to-point secure messaging with TLS, WS-Security has a significant performance penalty. In this paper, we identify several opportunities for optimizing WS-Security.
Computer Vision and Classification Techniques on the Surface Finish Control in Machining Processes
Authors: Enrique Alegre, Joaquín Barreiro, Manuel Castejón, Sir Suarez
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Image Analysis and Recognition (2008)

This work presents a method to perform a surface finish control using a computer vision system. Test parts used were made of AISI 303 stainless steel and were machined with a MUPEM CNC multi-turret parallel lathe. Using a Pulnix PE2015 B/W camera, a diffuse illumination and a industrial zoom, 140 images were acquired. We have applied a vertical Prewitt filter to all the images obtaining two sets, the original one and the filtered. We have described the images using three different methods. The first features vector was composed by the mean, standard deviation, skewness and kurtosis of the image histogram. The second features vector was made up by four Haralick descriptors --- contrast, correlation, energy and homogeneity. The last one was composed by 9 Laws descriptors. Using k-nn we have obtained a hit rate around 90 % with filtered images and, the best one, using Laws features vector of 92.14% with unfiltered images. These results show that it is feasible to use texture descriptors to evaluate the rugosity of metallic parts in the context of product quality inspection.
P Automata: Membrane Systems as Acceptors
Authors: Erzsébet Csuhaj-Varjú
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th conference on Computability in Europe: Logic and Theory of Algorithms (2008)

The concept of a membrane system (a P system) was introduced by Gheorghe Păun in 1998 [9,10], with the aim of formulating a computational device abstracted from the architecture and the functioning of the living cell. Since that time, the theory of membrane systems has proved to be a successful area in bio-inspired computing.The main ingredient of a P system is a hierarchically embedded structure of membranes. Each membrane encloses a region that contains objects and might also contain other membranes. The outmost membrane is called the skin membrane. There are rules associated to the regions describing the evolution of the objects which represent chemical substances. The evolution rules correspond to chemical reactions, and the evolution of the system to a computation. The main features of P systems include the transformation (rewriting) of objects, their moving among the different regions (communication), and possibly other additional capabilities such as, for example, a dynamically changing membrane structure, or special constraints added to the sets of rules. At any moment in time, the membrane system can be described by its configuration (its state) which consists of the actual membrane structure and the contents of the regions.
Conciliating coherence and high responsiveness in interactive storytelling
Authors: Marcelo M. Camanho, Angelo E. M. Ciarlini, Antonio L. Furtado, Cesar T. Pozzer, Bruno Feijó
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Digital Interactive Media in Entertainment and Arts (2008)

Interactive storytelling is a new form of digital entertainment that brings together techniques and tools for the creation, visualization and control of interactive stories through electronic means. One of the main challenges of interactive storytelling is the generation of stories that are both coherent and interesting, while providing means to allow the user to interact with the story. On the other hand, user's intervention should not violate the rules of the chosen genre, leading to unlikely developments. Another problem arises when storytelling environments require high responsiveness, as is the case in interactive TV. The fact that storytelling systems are usually very CPU intensive should not affect responsiveness. This paper describes a model to deal with these requirements, which has been implemented over a previous version of Logtell, a logic-based tool for interactive generation and dramatization of stories.
Rapid Prototyping of CBR Applications with the Open Source Tool myCBR
Authors: Armin Stahl, Thomas R. Roth-Berghofer
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th European conference on Advances in Case-Based Reasoning (2008)

Although Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) claims to reduce the effort required for developing knowledge-based systems substantially compared with more traditional Artificial Intelligence approaches, the implementation of a CBR application from scratch is still a time consuming task. In this paper we present a novel, freely available tool for rapid prototyping of CBR applications that focuses on the similarity-based retrieval step, like for example case-based product recommender systems. By providing easy to use model generation, data import, similarity modeling, explanation, and testing functionality together with comfortable graphical user interfaces, the tool enables even CBR novices to rapidly create their first CBR applications. Nevertheless, at the same time it ensures enough flexibility to enable expert users to implement advanced CBR applications.
Towards Annotation-Based Query and Document Expansion for Image Retrieval
Authors: Hugo Jair Escalante, Carlos Hernández, Aurelio López, Heidy Marín, Manuel Montes, Eduardo Morales, Enrique Sucar, Luis Villaseñor
Venue: Advances in Multilingual and Multimodal Information Retrieval: 8th Workshop of the Cross-Language Evaluation Forum, CLEF 2007, Budapest, Hungary, September 19-21, 2007, Revised Selected Papers (2008)

In this paper we report results of experiments conducted with strategies for improving text-based image retrieval. The adopted strategies were evaluated in the photographic retrieval task at ImageCLEF2007. We propose a Web-based method for expanding textual queries with related terms. This technique was the top-ranked query expansion method among those proposed by other ImageCLEF2007 participants. We also consider two methods for combining visual and textual information in the retrieval process: late-fusion and intermedia-feedback. The best results were obtained by combining intermedia-feedback and our expansion technique. The main contribution of this paper, however, is the proposal of "annotation-based expansion"; a novel approach that consists of using labels assigned to images (with image annotation methods) for expanding textual queries and documents. We introduce this idea and report results of initial experiments towards enhancing text-based image retrieval via image annotation. Preliminary results show that this expansion strategy could be useful for image retrieval in the near future.
Herbrand Theorems and Skolemization for Prenex Fuzzy Logics
Authors: Matthias Baaz, George Metcalfe
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th conference on Computability in Europe: Logic and Theory of Algorithms (2008)

Approximate Herbrand theorems are established for first-order fuzzy logics based on continuous t-norms, and used to provide proof-theoretic proofs of Skolemization for their Prenex fragments. Decidability and complexity results for particular fragments are obtained as consequences.
Rule-Based Analysis of Behaviour Learned by Evolutionary and Reinforcement Algorithms
Authors: Stanislav Slušný, Roman Neruda, Petra Vidnerová
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Intelligent Computing: Advanced Intelligent Computing Theories and Applications - with Aspects of Artificial Intelligence (2008)

We study behavioural patterns learned by a robotic agent by means of two different control and adaptive approaches -- a radial basis function neural network trained by evolutionary algorithm, and a traditional reinforcement Q-learning algorithm. In both cases, a set of rules controlling the agent is derived from the learned controllers, and these sets are compared. It is shown that both procedures lead to reasonable and compact, albeit rather different, rule sets.
The Role of Model Checking in Critiquing Based on Clinical Guidelines
Authors: Perry Groot, Arjen Hommersom, Peter Lucas, Radu Serban, Annette Teije, Frank Harmelen
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th conference on Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (2007)

Medical critiquing systems criticise clinical actions performed by a physician. In order to provide useful feedback, an important task is to find differences between the actual actions and a set of `ideal' actions as described by a clinical guideline. In case differences exist, insight to which extent they are compatible is provided by the critiquing system. We propose a methodology for such critiquing, where the ideal actions are given by a formal model of a clinical guideline, and where the actual actions are derived from real world patient data. We employ model checking to investigate whether a part of the actual treatment is consistent with the guideline. Furthermore, it is shown how critiquing can be cast in terms of temporal logic, and what can be achieved by using model checking. The methodology has been applied to a clinical guideline of breast cancer in conjunction with breast cancer patient data.
How older and younger adults differ in their approach to problem solving on a complex website
Authors: Peter G. Fairweather
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility (2008)

Older adults differ from younger ones in the ways they experience the World Wide Web. For example, they tend to move from page to page more slowly, take more time to complete tasks, make more repeated visits to pages, and take more time to select link targets than their younger counterparts. These differences are consistent with the physical and cognitive declines associated with aging. The picture that emerges has older adults doing the same sorts of things with websites as younger adults, although less efficiently, less accurately and more slowly. This paper questions that view. We present new findings that show that, to accomplish their purposes, older adults may systematically undertake different activities and use different parts of websites than younger adults. We examined how a group of adults 18 to 73 years of age moved through a complex website seeking to solve a specific problem. We found that the users exhibited strong age--related tendencies to follow particular paths and visit particular zones while in pursuit of a common goal. We also assessed how experience with the web may mediate these tendencies. We conclude the paper with a discussion of the implications of the finding that users' characteristics not only affect how they navigate but what activities they undertake along the way.
Non-singular expressions for the vector and the gradient tensor of gravitation in a geocentric spherical frame
Authors: Mehdi Eshagh
Venue: Computers Geosciences (2008)

The traditional expressions of the gravitational vector (GV) and the gravitational gradient tensor (GGT) have complicated forms depending on the first- and the second-order derivatives of associated Legendre functions (ALF), and also singular terms when approaching the poles. This article presents alternative expressions for the GV and GGT, which are independent of the derivatives, and are also non-singular. By using such expressions, it suffices to compute the ALF to two additional degrees and orders, instead of computing the first and the second derivatives of all the ALF. Therefore, the formulas are suitable for computer programming. Matlab software as well as an output of a numerical computation around the North Pole is also presented based on the derived formulas.
Plenary lecture VI: obstacle avoidance for kinematically redundant manipulators based on an improved problem formulation and two recurrent neural networks
Authors: Jun Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th WSEAS International Conference on Robotics, Control and Manufacturing Technology (2008)

With the wide deployment of kinematically redundant manipulators in industrial applications, obstacle avoidance emerges as an important issue to be addressed in robotic motion planning. In this talk, we show the formulation of the inverse kinematic control of redundant manipulators with obstacle avoidance task as a convex quadratic programming problem with both equality and inequality constraints. Compared with our previous formulation, the new problem formulation is more favorable with better solutions or bigger solution set to the problem. To solve this time-varying quadratic programming problem in real time, two recurrent neural networks are applied to compute inverse-kinematic solutions with obstacle avoidance capability in real time. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated by using simulation results based on the Mitsubishi PA10-7C.
Scalable AOI-Cast for Peer-to-Peer Networked Virtual Environments
Authors: Jehn-Ruey Jiang, Yu-Li Huang, Shun-Yun Hu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 The 28th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems Workshops (2008)

Networked virtual environments (NVEs) are computer-generated virtual worlds where users interact by exchanging messages via network connections. Each NVE user often pays attention to only a limited visibility sphere called area of interest (AOI) where interactions occur. The dissemination of messages to other users within the AOI (i.e., the AOI neighbors) thus is a fundamental NVE operation referred to as AOI-cast. Existing studies on NVE scalability have focused on system scalability, or the ability for the system to handle a growing number of total users, by using multicast or peer-to-peer (P2P) architectures. However, another overlooked, yet important form of scalability relates to the handling of a growing number of users within the AOI (or AOI scalability). In this paper, we propose two AOI-cast schemes, called VoroCast and FiboCast, to improve the AOI scalability of P2P-based NVEs. VoroCast constructs a spanning tree across all AOI neighbors based on Voronoi diagrams, while FiboCast dynamically adjusts the messaging range by a Fibonacci sequence, so that AOI neighbors would receive updates at frequencies based on their hop counts from the message originator. Simulations show that the two schemes provide better AOI scalability than existing approaches.
Grid Application Fault Diagnosis Using Wrapper Services and Machine Learning
Authors: Jürgen Hofer, Thomas Fahringer
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Service-Oriented Computing (2007)

With increasing size and complexity of Grids manual diagnosis of individual application faults becomes impractical and time-consuming. Quick and accurate identification of the root cause of failures is an important prerequisite for building reliable systems. We describe a pragmatic model-based technique for application-specific fault diagnosis based on indicators, symptoms and rules. Customized wrapper services then apply this knowledge to reason about root causes of failures. In addition to user-provided diagnosis models we show that given a set of past classified fault events it is possible to extract new models through learning that are able to diagnose new faults. We investigated and compared algorithms of supervised classification learning and cluster analysis. Our approach was implemented as part of the Otho Toolkit that 'service-enables' legacy applications based on synthesis of wrapper service.
Online ancient documents: Armarius
Authors: Reim Doumat, Elöd Egyed-Zsigmond, Jean-Marie Pinon, Emese Csiszar
Venue: Proceeding of the eighth ACM symposium on Document engineering (2008)

Many museums and libraries digitize their collections of historical manuscripts to preserve the historic documents and to facilitate their browsing. The collections are available as digital images and they need annotation to be accessible and exploitable. The annotations can be created manually, automatically or semi-automatically. Manual annotation is expensive and tedious; hence the reuse of users' experiences, by tracing their actions during the annotation process, helps other users to accomplish repetitive tasks in a semi-automatic manner. In this article we present a digital archive model and prototype of a collaborative system for the management of online ancient manuscript. The application offers an online annotation service, an assistant for semi-automatic annotation, and a tracing system that saves traces of important actions in order to reuse them in a recommender system afterward.
Multiple Receive-Antennas Aided and RBF-Based Multiuser Detection for STBC Systems
Authors: Hongwu Liu, Ji Li
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th international symposium on Neural Networks: Advances in Neural Networks, Part III (2007)

In this paper, authors propose a multiuser detection (MUD) scheme using a radial basis function (RBF) network for a space-time block coding (STBC) systems with multiple receive-antennas. The neuron centers of the RBFs are jointly carried out in space and time domains, which lead to a powerful technique to combat the interference resulting from different sources. Simulations compare this detector with traditional receiver structures such as the minimum mean square error (MMSE) receiver and maximum likelihood detection (MLD). It shows that this RBF-based space-time MUD can be flexibly trade off between the bit error rate (BER) performance, the center initialization- rate and the number of the receive-antennas.
Optimization of Steel Catenary Risers for Offshore Oil Production Using Artificial Immune System
Authors: Ian N. Vieira, Beatriz S. Lima, Breno P. Jacob
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Artificial Immune Systems (2008)

This work presents an application of Artificial Immune System (AIS) using Clonalg to the synthesis and optimization procedure of a Steel Catenary Riser (SCR) for floating oil production systems at deep and ultra-deep waters. The evaluation of the behavior of riser configurations, needed for the calculation of the fitness function in the optimization procedure by an evolutionary algorithm, requires a large number of time-consuming Finite Element analyses. Therefore, it is important to reduce the number of analyses; in this paper, the effectiveness of AIS for this purpose is assessed in this real-world industrial application. The results indicate that the AIS approach is more effective than Genetic Algorithms (GA), generating better solutions with smaller number of evaluations.
Interactive TV narratives: Opportunities, progress, and challenges
Authors: Marian F. Ursu, Maureen Thomas, Ian Kegel, Doug Williams, Mika Tuomola, Inger Lindstedt, Terence Wright, Andra Leurdijk, Vilmos Zsombori, Julia Sussner, Ulf Myrestam, Nina Hall
Venue: ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications (TOMCCAP) (2008)

This article is motivated by the question whether television should do more than simply offer interactive services alongside (and separately from) traditional linear programs, in the context of its dominance being seriously challenged and threatened by interactive forms of screen media entertainment. It suggests: yes. Interactive narrativity, that is, the ability to interact with (and influence) stories whilst they are being told, represents one clear development path for interactive television. The capabilities of computing technology are ripe for exploring this new form of storytelling, from creation to commercial distribution. The article starts by looking at the relationship between narrativity and interactivity in the current context of screen media, and identifies clear signs of interest from certain European public broadcasters in interactive TV narratives. It then presents in detail four recent experimental interactive TV productions in the genres of drama, news, and documentary, developed in collaboration with public broadcasters, which illustrate the potential and richness of this new form of storytelling, but also highlight new technological capabilities necessary for such productions. A number of essential technological requirements are then discussed in more detail in the final part. The article suggests that the ShapeShifting Media Technology, employed in the implementation of the four productions, has made significant advances both at the technological and the creative ends in supporting the development of interactive TV narrativity, but, however, that further developments are required before being able to answer questions such as &ldquo;Would end users want such a form of screen media entertainment&quest;&rdquo; and &ldquo;Would it be effective for both end users and producers&quest;&rdquo;
Hybrid Multi-agent Architecture (HoCa) Applied to the Control and Supervision of Patients in Their Homes
Authors: Juan A. Fraile, Javier Bajo, Juan M. Corchado
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th Ibero-American conference on AI: Advances in Artificial Intelligence (2008)

This paper presents a Hybrid Multi-Agent Architecture for the control and supervision of dependent environments. HoCa (Home health Care) integrates various modules to allow an agile exchange of information, minimizing the necessary message traffic and optimizing the efficiency. HoCa is based on an Ambient Intelligence model and integrates a management system of alerts and an automated identification, localization, and movement control system. The core of the architecture is formed by both deliberative agents and reactive agents that interact to offer efficient services. The architecture has been successfully tested in a real environment.