ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Studies in solution sampling
Authors: Vibhav Gogate, Rina Dechter
Venue: Proceedings of the 23rd national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1 (2008)

We introduce novel algorithms for generating random solutions from a uniform distribution over the solutions of a boolean satisfiability problem. Our algorithms operate in two phases. In the first phase, we use a recently introduced SampleSearch scheme to generate biased samples while in the second phase we correct the bias by using either Sampling/lmportance Resampling or the Metropolis-Hastings method. Unlike state-of-the-art algorithms, our algorithms guarantee convergence in the limit. Our empirical results demonstrate the superior performance of our new algorithms over several competing schemes.
An Evaluation Framework for Mobile User Interfaces
Authors: Marco Sá, Luís Carriço
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th IFIP TC 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Part I (2009)

We present the extensions to a software framework which supports the construction and evaluation of mixed-fidelity prototypes for mobile devices. The framework is available for desktop and mobile devices and allows designers and users to test the prototypes on actual devices. Additionally, the extensions aim at allowing designers to gather usage information, both passively and actively, tailoring the used techniques to users or project's goals. It supports contextual and ubiquitous evaluation also including in-situ prototyping and participatory design on-the-go. We address the evaluation's features and their contribution to the field of mobile interaction design, presenting real-life case studies and achieved results.
A Novel Parameter Learning Algorithm for a Self-constructing Fuzzy Neural Network Design
Authors: Yuan YAO, Kailong Zhang, Xinshe Zhou
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Eigth IEEE/ACIS International Conference on Computer and Information Science (2009)

This paper proposes a novel parameter learning algorithm for a self-constructing fuzzy neural network (SCFFN) design. It concludes dynamic prior adjustment (DPA) which is employed to adjust parameters according to the distribution of the input samples and group-based symbiotic evolution (GSE) which is applied to train all the free parameters for the desired outputs. DPA considers the relevance between input samples space and the IF-part parameters, which intends to accomplish coarse adjustment. Then, GSE is adopted to search the global optimum solution. Unlike traditional GA with each gene representing a whole fuzzy system, GSE divides the population into several groups that each one only represents a fuzzy rule. The full solutions can be generated by all possible combinations of the groups. The simulations results have verified that the proposed algorithm achieves superior performance in learning accuracy.
Flexible Application System Integration Based on Agent-Enabled SOA in the Industrial Field
Authors: Wu Deng, Xinhua Yang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Second International Symposium on Electronic Commerce and Security - Volume 01 (2009)

With the development of Chinese industry, it is more and more important that information infrastructure as the mean to bring together different software applications is the key technology to enable cooperation and information and knowledge exchange in an open industrial environment. In order to resolve the deficiency of traditional enterprise application integrity, this article describes the business process using agent-enabled SOA in the flexible industrial application integration.And agent-enabled SOA plays an important role for service integration. A flexible application integration framework based on combining Web services and intelligent agent technology is to be presented.This framework shows unification of agent and Web service models. Finally the paper describes the flexible application system integration architecture and the approach shows the great interoperability, reusability, agility by an industrial application from the auto drilling.
Alignment of Noisy and Uniformly Scaled Time Series
Authors: Constanze Lipowsky, Egor Dranischnikow, Herbert Göttler, Thomas Gottron, Mathias Kemeter, Elmar Schömer
Venue: Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Database and Expert Systems Applications (2009)

The alignment of noisy and uniformly scaled time series is an important but difficult task. Given two time series, one of which is a uniformly stretched subsequence of the other, we want to determine the stretching factor and the offset of the second time series within the first one. We adapted and enhanced different methods to address this problem: classical FFT-based approaches to determine the offset combined with a naïve search for the stretching factor or its direct computation in the frequency domain, bounded dynamic time warping and a new approach called shotgun analysis, which is inspired by sequencing and reassembling of genomes in bioinformatics. We thoroughly examined the strengths and weaknesses of the different methods on synthetic and real data sets. The FFT-based approaches are very accurate on high quality data, the shotgun approach is especially suitable for data with outliers. Dynamic time warping is a candidate for non-linear stretching or compression. We successfully applied the presented methods to identify steel coils via their thickness profiles.
Inducing hierarchical process models in dynamic domains
Authors: Ljupčo Todorovski, Will Bridewell, Oren Shiran, Pat Langley
Venue: Proceedings of the 20th national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 2 (2005)

Research on inductive process modeling combines background knowledge with time-series data to construct explanatory models, but previous work has placed few constraints on search through the model space. We present an extended formalism that organizes process knowledge in a hierarchical manner, and we describe HIPM, a system that carries out constrained search for hierarchical process models. We report experiments that suggest this approach produces more accurate and plausible models with less effort. We conclude by discussing related research and directions for future work.
Heavy Metals in Surface Sediments from Mangrove Zone in Zhangjiang River Estuary, South China
Authors: Minggang Cai, Yun Wanga, Canrong Qiu, Jing Lin, Bihua Qian, Shuiying Huang, Jionghui Sun, Xiaoyan Liu, Xiaomeng Li, Shaozhou Xie, Bozhou Fang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Environmental Science and Information Application Technology - Volume 03 (2009)

Concentrations of selected heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Hg and Pb) in surface sediments from 18 sites were examined in Zhangjiang Estuary Mangrove National Natural Reserve (ZEMNNR), which is the largest natural mangrove forest at the north of tropic of Cancer in China. The ranges of heavy metals expressed in μg/g sediment dry weight were as following: Cr (48.14 to 110.01), Cu (18.15 to 43.18), Zn (119.53 to 136.13), As (12.05 to 16.16), Cd (0.25 to 0.58), Hg (ND to 0.10) and Pb (55.61 to 67.71). Slight distribution changes implicate inflow from Zhangjiang River offered most Zn, As, Cd, Hg and Pb; While for Cr and Cu, anthropogenic activities might be another important source. The levels of Pb exceed sediment quality criteria (I Class) and may show a potential risk to ecosystems. The values of Igeo indicate that Zhangjiang estuary mangrove zone is moderately polluted by Pb and slightly polluted by Cd, As and Cr.
A Novel Visualization Tool for Evaluating Medication Side-Effects in Multi-drug Regimens
Authors: Jon Duke, Anthony Faiola, Hadi Kharrazi
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Part IV: Interacting in Various Application Domains (2009)

The evaluation and management of medication side-effects is a common and complex task for physicians. Information visualization has the potential to increase the efficiency and reduce the cognitive load involved in this process. We describe the design and development of Rxplore, a novel tool for assessing medication side-effects. Rxplore supports simultaneous lookup of multiple medications and an intuitive visual representation of query results. In a pilot study of Rxplore's usability and utility, physicians rated the system highly for efficiency, intuitiveness, and clinical value.
A General and Unifying Framework for Feature Construction, in Image-Based Pattern Classification
Authors: Nematollah Batmanghelich, Ben Taskar, Christos Davatzikos
Venue: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Information Processing in Medical Imaging (2009)

This paper presents a general and unifying optimization framework for the problem of feature extraction and reduction for high-dimensional pattern classification of medical images. Feature extraction is often an ad hoc and case-specific task. Herein, we formulate it as a problem of sparse decomposition of images into a basis that is desired to possess several properties: 1) Sparsity and local spatial support, which usually provides good generalization ability on new samples, and lends itself to anatomically intuitive interpretations; 2) good discrimination ability, so that projection of images onto the optimal basis yields discriminant features to be used in a machine learning paradigm; 3) spatial smoothness and contiguity of the estimated basis functions. Our method yields a parts-based representation, which warranties that the image is decomposed into a number of positive regional projections. A non-negative matrix factorization scheme is used, and a numerical solution with proven convergence is used for solution. Results in classification of Alzheimers patients from the ADNI study are presented.
The Art of Cross-Cultural Design for Usability
Authors: Heike Winschiers-Theophilus
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Addressing Diversity. Part I: Held as Part of HCI International 2009 (2009)

More and more HCI researchers and practitioners have realized the urgency of addressing culture as being more than just an interface tuning parameter. Recent publications, project initiatives and a growing number of globally dispersed collaborating workgroups explore cultural models for practical solutions. Yet many endeavors focus on singled out aspects thereby missing fundamental factors of cross-cultural design and evaluation such as contextual connotations, dynamics and integration. Thus a common research agenda should therefore be the de-construction of the entire process as a basis for a comprehensive integration of shared experiences, best practices and tested models to enhance cross-cultural design and evaluation.
Backward chaining rule induction
Authors: Douglas H. Fisher, Mary E. Edgerton, Zhihua Chen, Lianhong Tang, Lewis Frey
Venue: Intelligent Data Analysis (2006)

Exploring the vast number of possible feature interactions in domains such as gene expression microarray data is an onerous task. We describe Backward-Chaining Rule Induction (BCRI) as a semi-supervised mechanism for biasing the search for IF-THEN rules that express plausible feature interactions. BCRI adds to a relatively limited tool-chest of hypothesis generation software and is an alternative to purely unsupervised association-rule learning. We illustrate BCRI by using it to search for gene-to-gene causal mechanisms that underlie lung cancer. Mapping hypothesized gene interactions against prior knowledge offers support and explanations for hypothesized interactions, and suggests gaps in current knowledge that induction might help fill. Our assumption is that "good" hypotheses incrementally extend/revise existing knowledge. BCRI is implemented as a wrapper around a base supervised-rule-learning algorithm. We summarize our prior work with an adaptation of C4.5 as the base algorithm (C45-BCRI), extending this in the current study to use Brute as the base algorithm (Brute-BCRI). In contrast to C4.5's greedy strategy, Brute extensively searches the rule space. Moreover, Brute returns many more rules (i.e., hypothesized feature interactions) than does C4.5. To remain an effective hypothesis-generation tool requires that Brute-BCRI more carefully rank and prune hypothesized interactions than does C45-BCRI. Prior knowledge serves to evaluate final Brute-BCRI rules just as it does with C45-BCRI, but prior knowledge also serves to evaluate and prune intermediate search states, thus maintaining a manageable number of rules for evaluation by a domain expert.
Quantifying ellipsis in dialogue: an index of mutual understanding
Authors: Marcus Colman, Arash Eshghi, Patrick G. T. Healey
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th SIGdial Workshop on Discourse and Dialogue (2008)

This paper presents a coding protocol that allows na&iuml;ve users to annotate dialogue transcripts for anaphora and ellipsis. Cohen's kappa statistic demonstrates that the protocol is sufficiently robust in terms of reliability. It is proposed that quantitative ellipsis data may be used as an index of mutual-engagement. Current and potential uses of ellipsis coding are described.
Context-Free Languages of Countable Words
Authors: Zoltán Ésik, Szabolcs Iván
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th International Colloquium on Theoretical Aspects of Computing (2009)

We define context-free grammars with Büchi acceptance condition generating languages of countable words. We establish several closure properties and decidability results for the class of Büchi context-free languages generated by these grammars. We also define context-free grammars with Müller acceptance condition and show that there is a language generated by a grammar with Müller acceptance condition which is not a Büchi context-free language.
Management Support and Worksite Health Promotion Program Effectiveness
Authors: David M. Dejoy, Heather M. Bowen, Kristin M. Baker, Bethany H. Bynum, Mark G. Wilson, Ron Z. Goetzel, Rod K. Dishman
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Ergonomics and Health Aspects of Work with Computers: Held as Part of HCI International 2009 (2009)

The purpose of this paper is to describe the development and use of management support measures in two worksite health promotion intervention trials. Results from the two intervention trials suggest that management support for health promotion can be assessed and tracked over time using both perceptual and observational measures. These results also provide initial evidence that an increase in management support can contribute to positive changes in health related behaviors and outcomes. Specifically, longitudinal results from the two studies suggest that interventions designed to increase management support for health promotion resulted in changes in perceptions of management support, actual changes in the work and organizational environment. Preliminary results in these studies also suggest that increased management support is important in weight loss.
Hybrid wireless-optical broadband access network (WOBAN): network planning using Lagrangean relaxation
Authors: Suman Sarkar, Hong-Hsu Yen, Sudhir Dixit, Biswanath Mukherjee
Venue: IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON) (2009)

The concept of a hybrid wireless-optical broadband access network (WOBAN) is a very attractive one. This is because it may be costly in several situations to run fiber to every home (or equivalent end-user premises) from the telecom central office (CO); also, providing wireless access from the CO to every end user may not be possible because of limited spectrum. Thus, running fiber as far as possible from the CO toward the end user and then having wireless access technologies take over may be an excellent compromise. How far should fiber penetrate before wireless takes over is an interesting engineering design and optimization problem, which we address in this paper. We propose and investigate the characteristics of an analytical model for network planning, namely optimum placements of base stations (BSs) and optical network units (ONUs) in aWOBAN (called the primal model, or PM). We develop several constraints to be satisfied: BS and ONU installation constraints, user assignment constraints, channel assignment constraints, capacity constraints, and signal-quality and interference constraints. To solve this PM with reasonable accuracy, we use "Lagrangean relaxation" to obtain the corresponding "Lagrangean dual" model. We solve this dual problem to obtain a lower bound (LB) of the primal problem. We also develop an algorithm (called the primal algorithm) to solve the PM to obtain an upper bound (UB). Via simulation, we compare this PM to a placement heuristic (called the cellular heuristic) and verify that the placement problem is quite sensitive to a set of chosen metrics.
A Dynamic Layering Scheme of Multicast Key Management
Authors: Fan Yang, Xiao-ping Li, Qing-kuan Dong, Yan-ming Liu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Fifth International Conference on Information Assurance and Security - Volume 01 (2009)

Group key management is a difficult task in implementing large and dynamic secure multicast. In this paper, a new scheme is proposed in the basis of in-depth analysis of the requirements of the secure multicast and group key management. The scheme is based on the multicast group security architecture and multicast security group key management architecture proposed by IETF. This scheme constructs group key based on pairings and distributes the group key using HSAH function polynomial, and manages group key making use of the dynamic layering GCKS. The scheme is better in security, lower in computation cost and communication cost. The analysis comparison proves that the scheme has strong scalability and efficiency.
Design of Fuzzy Controller for Microwave-Vacuum Wood Drying
Authors: Li-ping Sun, Zhi-hui Li, Wen-hua Cao
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 WRI Global Congress on Intelligent Systems - Volume 01 (2009)

Wood drying is an important part to safeguard and improve wood quality, reduce wood loss and enhance utilization efficiency, and also it’s a complex strong coupling, non-linear dynamic system. This paper takes the microwave vacuum drying (MVD) kiln as the object, utilizes the fuzzy control principle to develop one kind of fuzzy controller for the microwave-vacuum wood drying through analyzing the process. The simulation test indicates that this system may enhance the entire microwave-vacuum wood drying system control precision and working efficiency, and it’s an effective method to realize automatic control in the wood drying process.
The banality of simulated evil: designing ethical gameplay
Authors: Miguel Sicart
Venue: Ethics and Information Technology (2009)

This paper offers an analytical description of the ethics of game design and its influence in the ethical challenges computer games present. The paper proposes a set of game design suggestions based on the Information Ethics concept of Levels of Abstraction which can be applied to formalise ethical challenges into gameplay mechanics; thus allowing game designers to incorporate ethics as part of the experience of their games. The goal of this paper is twofold: to address some of the reasons why computer games present ethical challenges, and to exploit the informational nature of games to suggest how to develop games with ethics at the core of their gameplay.
A hearer-oriented evaluation of referring expression generation
Authors: Imtiaz H. Khan, Kees van Deemter, Graeme Ritchie, Albert Gatt, Alexandra A. Cleland
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th European Workshop on Natural Language Generation (2009)

This paper discusses the evaluation of a Generation of Referring Expressions algorithm that takes structural ambiguity into account. We describe an ongoing study with human readers.
The Research of Multidimensional Information Decision Mining Based on Information Entropy
Authors: Hongping Shu, Liang Cao, Zhenming Xu, Kui Liu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Forum on Information Technology and Applications - Volume 01 (2009)

In this paper, the theory and corresponding meaning of information entropy as deterministic tolerance of the information has been explained; Application in the information scheme establishes of information entropy and REM concentrates models of a group of decision question have been described; The multidimensional information decision model based on information entropy of benefiting simplified calculation has been proposed, And the model through the concrete application instance data has been proved
Achieving cooperation in a minimally constrained environment
Authors: Steven Damer, Maria Gini
Venue: Proceedings of the 23rd national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1 (2008)

We describe a simple environment to study cooperation between two agents and a method of achieving cooperation in that environment. The environment consists of randomly generated normal form games with uniformly distributed pay-offs. Agents play multiple games against each other, each game drawn independently from the random distribution. In this environment cooperation is difficult. Tit-for-Tat cannot be used because moves are not labeled as "cooperate" or "defect", fictitious play cannot be used because the agent never sees the same game twice, and approaches suitable for stochastic games cannot be used because the set of states is not finite. Our agent identifies cooperative moves by assigning an attitude to its opponent and to itself. The attitude determines how much a player values its opponents payoff, i.e how much the player is willing to deviate from strictly selfinterested behavior. To cooperate, our agent estimates the attitude of its opponent by observing its moves and reciprocates by setting its own attitude accordingly. We show how the opponent's attitude can be estimated using a particle filter, even when the opponent is changing its attitude.
Information processing with structured excitable medium
Authors: J. Gorecki, J. N. Gorecka, Y. Igarashi
Venue: Natural Computing: an international journal (2009)

There are many ways in which a nonlinear chemical medium can be used for information processing. Here we are concerned with an excitable medium and the straightforward method of information coding: a single excitation pulse represents a bit of information and a group of excitations forms a message. Our attention is focused on a specific type of nonhomogeneous medium that has an intentionally introduced geometrical structure of regions characterized by different excitability levels. We show that in information processing applications the geometry plays an equally important role as the dynamics of the medium and allows one to construct devices that perform complex signal processing operations even for a relatively simple kinetics of the reactions involved. In the paper we review a number of published chemical realizations of simple information processing devices like logical gates or memory cells and we show that by combining these devices as building blocks the medium can perform complex operations like for example counting of arriving excitations. We also present a new, simple realizations of chemical signal diode that transmits pulses in one direction only.