ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Solving PP-Complete and #P-Complete Problems by P Systems with Active Membranes
Authors: Artiom Alhazov, Liudmila Burtseva, Svetlana Cojocaru, Yurii Rogozhin
Venue: Membrane Computing: 9th International Workshop, WMC 2008, Edinburgh, UK, July 28-31, 2008, Revised Selected and Invited Papers (2009)

Membrane computing is a formal framework of distributed parallel multiset processing. Due to massive parallelism and exponential space some intractable computational problems can be solved by P systems with active membranes in a polynomial number of steps. In this paper we generalize this approach from decisional problems to the computational ones, by providing a solution of a #P-complete problem, namely to compute the permanent of a binary matrix. The implication of this result to the PP complexity class is discussed and compared to known results about NP&thinsp;&cup;&thinsp;co&thinsp;&minus;&thinsp; NP.
Static and dynamic temperature-aware scheduling for multiprocessor SoCs
Authors: Ayse Kivilcim Coskun, Tajana Šimunic Rosing, Keith A. Whisnant, Kenny C. Gross
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems (2008)

Thermal hot spots and high temperature gradients degrade reliability and performance, and increase cooling costs and leakage power. In this paper, we explore the benefits of temperature-aware task scheduling for multiprocessor system-on-a-chip (MPSoC). We evaluate our techniques using workload characteristics collected from a real system by Sun's Continuous System Telemetry. We first solve the task scheduling problem statically using integer linear programming (ILP). The ILP solution is guaranteed to be optimal for the given assumptions for tasks. We formulate ILPs for minimizing energy, balancing energy, and reducing hot spots, and provide an extensive comparison of their thermal behavior against our technique. Our static solution can reduce the frequency of hot spots by 35%, spatial gradients by 85%, and thermal cycles by 61% in comparison to the ILP for minimizing energy. We then design dynamic scheduling policies at the OS-level with negligible performance overhead. Our adaptive dynamic policy reduces the frequency of high-magnitude thermal cycles and spatial gradients by around 50% and 90%, respectively, in comparison to state-of-the-art schedulers. Reactive thermal management strategies, such as thread migration, can be combined with our scheduling policy to further reduce hot spots, temperature variations, and the associated performance cost.
A Bivariate C1 Cubic Spline Space on Wang's Refinement
Authors: Huan-Wen Liu, Wei-Ping Lu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Computer Engineering and Technology - Volume 01 (2009)

In this paper, by using the technique of B-net method and the minimal determining set, the dimension of the space of bivariate C1 cubic spline functions on a kind of refined triangulation, called Wang's refinement, is determined, and a set of dual basis with local support is given.
2-D Electromagnetic Simulation of Passive Microstrip Circuits, 1 edition
Authors: Alejandro D. Jimenez
Venue:  (2008)

The explosion of wireless communications has generated a tidal wave of interest and development in computational techniques for electromagnetic simulation, as well as the design and analysis of RF and microwave circuits. Learn About Emerging Disciplines, State-of-the-Art Methods 2-D Electromagnetic Simulation of Passive Microstrip Circuits describes this simple procedure in order to provide basic knowledge and practical insight into quotidian problems of microstrip passive circuits applied to microwave systems and digital technologies. The text dissects the latest emerging disciplines and methods of microwave circuit analysis, carefully balancing theory and state-of-the-art experimental concepts to elucidate the process of analyzing high-speed circuits. The author covers the newer techniques such as the study of signal integrity within circuits, and the use of field map interpretations employed in powerful electromagnetic simulation analysis methods. But why and how does the intrinsic two-dimensional simulation model used here reduce numerical error? Step-by-Step Simulation Provides Insight and Understanding The author presents the FDTD electromagnetic simulation method, used to reproduce different microstrip test circuits, as well as an explanation of the complementary electrostatic method of moments (MoM). Each reproduces different microstrip test circuits that are physically constructed and then studied, using a natural methodological progression to facilitate understanding. This approach gives readers a solid comprehension and insight into the theory and practical applications of the microstrip scenario, with emphasis on high-speed interconnection elements.
An analysis of emerging behaviors in large-scale queueing-based service systems using agent-based simulation
Authors: Wai Kin Victor Chan
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Winter Simulation (2008)

This paper considers a large-scale service system consisting of a number of service areas (cells). Each cell contains a queueing model that operates continuously and independently from the queueing models in other cells. Each cell changes its state between alive and dead based on certain rules that depend on the queueing status of its own queue, the neighboring queues, and the whole community, while satisfying a constraint on the number of live cells in a neighborhood. The objective is to examine emerging behaviors from the interactions of the cells under various rules. Chaotic, deterministic, and in-between emerging behaviors are presented.
The road to 3D EDA tool readiness
Authors: Charles Chiang, Subarna Sinha
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference (2009)

Today's SoCs/SIPs face numerous design challenges as increased integration of system components on a single die stretches the limits of technology and design capacity. 3D integration, where multiple dies are stacked and interconnected in the vertical dimension using through-silicon vias (TSVs), is probably the best hope for carrying ICs along (and even beyond) the path of Moore's law in the 21st century. However successful adoption of 3D ICs will require among other things modifications to EDA tools to enable 3D IC design. In this paper, we identify key stages in EDA that need modification to handle 3D ICs, highlight the challenges and review existing solutions, if they exist. Whenever appropriate, at a particular stage, we also provide preferred features of the solutions necessary to enable 3D IC design with the least amount of disruption.
An efficient analytical model for WiMAX networks with multiple traffic profiles
Authors: Bruno Baynat, Sebastien Doirieux, Georges Nogueira, Masood Maqbool, Marceau Coupechoux
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Mobile Technology, Applications, and Systems (2008)

In this paper, we present a simple and accurate analytical model for performance evaluation of WiMAX networks with multiple traffic profiles. This very promising access technology has been designed to support numerous kinds of applications having different traffic characteristics. The need for accurate and fast-computing tools is thus of primary importance to face complex dimensioning issues that integrate this traffic profile diversity. Our product-form queueing model provides closed-form expressions giving all the required performance parameters for each traffic profile at a click speed. The model is compared with extensive simulations that show its accuracy and robustness. Finally, the speed of our analytical tool allows us to carry on a preliminary performance study.
Collaboration in Knowledge Sharing and Developing in Inbound Logistics Outsourcing from Manufacturers Perspective
Authors: Zong Tao, Han Min
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Second International Workshop on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (2009)

The author investigates the knowledge sharing and collaboration between a manufacturer and a third part logistics provider (3PLP) in the process of manufacturer’s inbound logistics outsourcing. From the perspective of the manufacturer, and following game theory, the analysis was focused on two scenarios, in which considered the influence of both sides prior logistics knowledge creation efforts or not respectively, the equilibrium values of the manufacturer’s participating level in logistics knowledge sharing and developing, the current collaboration efforts of logistics knowledge creation, and the optimal entire system profit were solved, and the relationships among the three system parameters in and cross of two scenarios were analyzed. The result shows that the manufacturer’s participation level in knowledge sharing and developing is a function of the ratio between dyadic marginal profits of the logistics collaboration performance, which is independent to the prior efforts of both sides. And the condition for manufacturer participating collaboration was identified. Then, the influence of prior efforts in logistics knowledge creation from two parts on system parameter was investigated as well.
Optimum design of linear oscillatory actuator for mobile phone
Authors: Tsutomu Mizuno, Yuki Hattori, Ying Gang Bu, Ryouta Aotsuka
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Mobile Technology, Applications, and Systems (2008)

At present, a small rotary motor with eccentric load is used for the vibration system of mobile phones currently on the market. However, while the miniaturization and thinning of mobile phones are progressing, further miniaturization and thinning of rotary motors is difficult. The authors propose a novel linear oscillatory actuator (LOA) structure that is smaller and thinner than that of the rotary motor. The proposed LOA can vibrate a block that represents a mobile phone with an acceleration of 4.6 m/s2. Moreover, the volume of the proposed LOA is reduced by 20% compared with the conventional LOA.
Mobile devices for collaborative learning in practicum courses
Authors: Atmaram Mulliah, Eleni Stroulia
Venue: International Journal of Mobile Learning and Organisation (2009)

Mobile devices are becoming increasingly powerful and accessible as wireless networks cover most of our daily environment and a variety of software frameworks makes the task of building mobile applications simpler. M-learning applications are a new and interesting breed of mobile applications for supporting a broad range of learning activities on a variety of mobile devices. In this article, we review representative m-learning applications and discuss our own work on MediCol, a tool for supporting the activities of medical students in their surgery rotation.
An evolutionary algorithm for surface modification
Authors: Evgeny Lomonosov, Gábor Renner
Venue: Acta Cybernetica (2008)

Complex shapes bounded by free form surfaces are designed and modified by specifying the parameters of their mathematical descriptions. Although most graphics and design systems provide high level tools for free form shape modifications, they are not intuitive and suitable for a creative designer or a stylist. In the present paper a technique is proposed for the modification of the shape of a parametric B-spline surface through embedding a set of predefined characteristic curves. Shape modification is performed by an evolutionary algorithm. The evolutionary algorithm minimises the distance between the curve and the surface, while maintaining the global shape and smoothness of the original surface. Several experimental results are presented.
Computer games degrees in the UK: a review of current practice
Authors: Barry Ip, Martin Capey
Venue: ACM SIGGRAPH ASIA 2008 educators programme (2008)

The aim of this paper is to examine the development, content, and outputs of computer games development (CGD) courses in the UK. A background of CGD courses will be provided, followed by a case study of how a Bachelors of Arts course was developed and implemented at Swansea Metropolitan University, in the UK. The analysis and discussion will explore the characteristics of student applications (such as background qualifications, achievement levels, and skill-sets), the nature of student projects (including their themes, creativity, and quality), as well as course structure and composition. The results offer a unique and valuable insight into the development of CGD courses, especially in view of their rising popularity to help foster new, creative talent for games and games-related industries. This paper is aimed at academics either with an interest in or are currently involved with CGD or CGD-related courses, and games industry professionals to help promote greater collaboration, debate, and improvement for CGD programmes.
Hemisphere-specific episodic memory networks in the human brain: A correlation study between intracarotid amobarbital test and [18f]fdg-pet
Authors: Nozomi Akanuma, Laurence J. Reed, Paul K. Marsden, Jozeph Jarosz, Naoto Adachi, William A. Hallett, Gonzalo Alarcón, Robin G. Morris, Michael Koutroumanidis
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2009)

The purpose of the present study was to explore the brain regions involved in human episodic memory by correlating unilateral memory performance estimated by the intracarotid amobarbital test (IAT) and interictal cerebral metabolism measured by [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography ([18F]FDG-PET). Using this method, regional alterations of cerebral metabolism associated with epilepsy pathophysiology are used to predict hemisphere-specific episodic memory function, hence, investigate the differential distribution of memory in each hemisphere. Sixty-two patients with unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy (35 left and 27 right) were studied using [18F]FDG-PET with complementary voxel-based statistical parametric mapping (SPM) and region-of-interest (ROI) methods of analysis. Positive regression was analyzed in SPM with a series of different thresholds (p =.001,.01 or.05) with a correction to 100 voxels. IAT memory performance in which left hemisphere was tested by right-sided injection of amobarbital correlated with [18F]FDG uptake in left lateral and medial temporal regions, and in the left ventrolateral frontal cortex. Right IAT memory performance correlated with [18F]FDG uptake in the right inferior parietal lobule, right dorsolateral frontal cortex, right precentral gyrus, and caudal portion of the right anterior cingulate cortex. ROI analysis corroborated these results. Analyses carried out separately in patients with left (n = 50) and nonleft (n = 12) dominance for language showed that in the nonleft dominant group, right IAT scores correlated with right fronto-temporal regions, whereas left total memory scores correlated with left lateral and medial temporal regions. The findings indicate that (i) episodic memory is subserved by more widespread cortical regions beyond the core mesiotemporal lobe memory structures; (ii) there are different networks functional in the two hemispheres; and (iii) areas involved in memory may be different between patients with left and nonleft dominance for language, particularly in the right hemisphere.
Multi-bandwidth data path design for 5G wireless mobile internets
Authors: Abdullah Gani, Xichun Li, Lina Yang, Omar Zakaria, Nor Badrul Anuar
Venue: WSEAS Transactions on Information Science and Applications (2009)

The 5th generation is envisaged to be a complete network for wireless mobile internet, which has the capability to offer services for accommodating the application potential requirements without suffering the quality. The ultimate goal of 5G is to design a real wireless world, that is free from obstacles of the earlier generations. This requires an integration of networks. In this paper, we propose the design of Multi-Bandwidth Data Path by integrating the current and future networks for new network architecture of 5G real wireless world. We also present our proposed architecture and results of the simulation.
Efficient serial episode mining with minimal occurrences
Authors: Hideyuki Ohtani, Takuya Kida, Takeaki Uno, Hiroki Arimura
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Ubiquitous Information Management and Communication (2009)

Recently, knowledge discovery in large data increases its importance in various fields. Especially, data mining from time-series data gains much attention. This paper studies the problem of finding frequent episodes appearing in a sequence of events. We propose an efficient depth-first search algorithm for mining frequent serial episodes in a given event sequence using the notion of right-minimal occurrences. Then, we present some techniques for speeding up the algorithm, namely, occurrence-deliver and tail-redundancy pruning. Finally, we ran experiments on real datasets to evaluate the usefulness of the proposed methods.
Pipelining: the generalized concept and sequencing strategies
Authors: C. V. Ramamoorthy, K. H. Kim
Venue: Proceedings of the May 6-10, 1974, national computer conference and exposition (1974)

In this paper, we generalize the concept of pipelining to increase throughput, processing speed, resource utilization and reliability. Its wide application spectrum is demonstrated and major design problems such as sequencing, reconfiguration, etc., are indicated. A scheme called the dynamic sequencing and segmentation model (DSSM) is proposed as a solution for providing efficient sequencing with very low overhead. The model is analyzed under various realistic environments and its performance is evaluated.
ATMOS: A middleware for Transparent MObile ad-hoc networking Systems
Authors: Sho Fujita, Hiroshi Esaki
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Ubiquitous Information Management and Communication (2009)

In this paper, we propose a middleware for Transparent MObile ad-hoc networking Systems(ATMOS), which extends the architecture of the Internet with link complement layer. The link complement layer provides the virtual link over MANETs that might consist of many kinds of wireless links. Since this virtual link conforms to the classic link model, existing protocols designed for IP subnets can run on top of it. We implemented DYnamic MObile routing(DYMO) and Simplified Multicast Flooding(SMF) on the middleware, and then verified that existing protocols such as mDNS can work in a MANET without modification. We think that ATMOS will help MANETs to be deployed into daily-use networks.
Getting Started with Arduino, Ill edition
Authors: Massimo Banzi
Venue:  (2008)

This valuable little book offers a thorough introduction to the open-source electronics prototyping platform that's taking the design and hobbyist world by storm. Getting Started with Arduino gives you lots of ideas for Arduino projects and helps you get going on them right away. From getting organized to putting the final touches on your prototype, all the information you need is right in the book. Inside, you'll learn about:Interaction design and physical computing The Arduino hardware and software development environment Basics of electricity and electronics Prototyping on a solderless breadboard Drawing a schematic diagram And more. With inexpensive hardware and open-source software components that you can download free, getting started with Arduino is a snap. To use the introductory examples in this book, all you need is a USB Arduino, USB A-B cable, and an LED.Join the tens of thousands of hobbyists who have discovered this incredible (and educational) platform. Written by the co-founder of the Arduino project, with illustrations by Elisa Canducci, Getting Started with Arduino gets you in on the fun! This 128-page book is a greatly expanded follow-up to the author's original short PDF that's available on the Arduino website.
Sparse matrices in CS education
Authors: Daniel Brandon,  Jr.
Venue: Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges (2009)

Most college undergraduate computer science and mathematics textbooks on algorithms, matrix algebra, linear algebra, discrete math, or data structures do not provide even introductory material on the subject of sparse matrices. However in real world practice, most large and important applications of matrix algebra involve sparse matrices. Thus the computer science or CIS/IT student is ill prepared for real world applications in this field. This paper defines and illustrates sparse matrices, discusses the types of sparse matrices, and provides examples of general data structures and algorithms for efficient solution of sparse matrix problems.
Stress-strain properties of natural and biomimetically formed collagen constructs
Authors: Clara Ionescu, Mihai Chirita
Venue: Journal of Visualization (2008)

The biomimetic formed solution of collagen reconstituted films into native fibers proved to be of high interest because of its regenerative medical applications. A variety of tests to characterize the mechanical properties of biomimetic engineered films are illustrated in this paper. Based on our previous results, the modulus of elasticity and the ultimate strain of reconstituted collagen films were compared to the reported stress-strain data in the literature on various tissues (animal material), correlating the achieved properties with possible use for artificial tissue implants. The results presented in this study, with great potential to provide reference data for future work, show that the mechanical properties of the biomimetically formed collagen films is close to that of several native collagen fibers, a fact which suggests their use in medical applications.
The Official Nik Software Image Enhancement Guide: The Photographer's Resource for Professional Workflow Techniques, Pap/Cdr edition
Authors: Joshua D. Bradley
Venue:  (2008)

Designed to save time in the digital workflow, Nik Software's entire suite of products (Dfine 2.0, Color Efex Pro 3.0 and Sharpener Pro 2.0) were conceived with the single goal of helping photographers use products such as Adobe Photoshop easier while offering numerous editing capabilities not found within Photoshop. These powerful and highly successful digital imaging products have been written about extensively in trade magazines and publication's, however, to date no one has taken on the task of compiling techniques into a book on how best to utilize these highly popular products. The Official Nik Software Image Enhancement Guide: The Photographer's Resource of Professional Workflow Techniques is a product designed to resemble the way photographers think. The idea is to make sure the readers can apply techniques discussed in the book such as retouching, understanding the importance of light, and exposure, while learning all of the features and functionality of this family of products. The CD included with the book will have a trial version of Nik's most popular program, Color Efex Pro Standard Edition.The book will appeal to any and all owners of Nik Software products who have been asking for a book on this topic almost since the company's inception.
Field emission from K doped multi-walled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Sun Jianping
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Advanced Infocomm Technology (2008)

In this paper, we report our experimental studies on the effects of potassium (K) doping on field emission properties of multi-walled carbon nanotubes films. Doping treatment was carried out with K in gas phase by vapor-solid reactions in a glass bulb. Field emission I-V curves were measured in situ. Compared with pristine films, the turn-on voltage for field emission from the processed sample decreased from 0.89 kV to 0.64 kV and field emission current increased by an order of magnitude. Resistance measurement and XPS analysis showed that n-doping mechanism played an important role in the field emission enhancement.