ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
A new approach to period estimation
Authors: D. D. Muresan
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 02 (2000)

The detection and estimation of multi-periodic signals of unknown periods in white Gaussian noise is investigated. New estimates for the sub-signals (signals making up the received signal) and their periods are derived using an orthogonal subspace decomposition approach.
Enterprise management of windows NT services
Authors: J. Nick Otto
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd conference on Large Installation System Administration of Windows NT - Volume 3 (2000)

A problem faced by NT administrators is the management of NT based services in the enterprise. In the NT environment services have particular startup states and run with varying degrees of security. Multiple NT domains, servers, and workstations providing services all add to the difficulty of managing NT services. Unauthorized introduction of some services can cause problems to end-users and even block network access. Proactive monitoring of NT services is essential to maintaining the availability of network resources. A system administrator must be aware of the following service related issues: 1) current status and uptime of all critical NT services; 2) services authorized to be running on the network; 3) are there any un-authorized services currently running. A system administrator must perform actions based on facts about network services. However, in order to make quality decisions, information must be collected and monitored, prior to the administrator's involvement. Each area of service management presents a unique challenge. These challenges are the motivating factor behind the tools described in this paper.
Business & IT Alignment in Theory and Practice
Authors: A. J. Gilbert Silvius
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (2007)

A key success factor for a successful company in a dynamic environment is effective and efficient information technology (IT) supporting business strategies and processes. In recent surveys however it is concluded that in most companies IT is not aligned with business strategy. The alignment between business needs and IT capabilities is therefore still a prominent area of concern. This paper reports the first stages of a research program exploring the differences of Business & IT Alignment (BIA) in theory and in practice. The paper presents an overview of the development of theory on BIA and reports the issues with aligning IT to business in practice based on a number of focus-group discussions with CIOs and IT managers. In line with the practical approach to BIA that the CIOs and IT managers in the focus-groups took, the last part of the paper builds upon Luftman's BIA maturity model and reports the application of the model to 12 Dutch firms.
Stability of feature selection algorithms: a study on high-dimensional spaces
Authors: Alexandros Kalousis, Julien Prados, Melanie Hilario
Venue: Knowledge and Information Systems (2007)

With the proliferation of extremely high-dimensional data, feature selection algorithms have become indispensable components of the learning process. Strangely, despite extensive work on the stability of learning algorithms, the stability of feature selection algorithms has been relatively neglected. This study is an attempt to fill that gap by quantifying the sensitivity of feature selection algorithms to variations in the training set. We assess the stability of feature selection algorithms based on the stability of the feature preferences that they express in the form of weights-scores, ranks, or a selected feature subset. We examine a number of measures to quantify the stability of feature preferences and propose an empirical way to estimate them. We perform a series of experiments with several feature selection algorithms on a set of proteomics datasets. The experiments allow us to explore the merits of each stability measure and create stability profiles of the feature selection algorithms. Finally, we show how stability profiles can support the choice of a feature selection algorithm.
The Design TASC Engineering Design Competition: a ten-year perspective
Authors: S. L. Titcomb
Venue: Proceedings of the 30th Annual Frontiers in Education - Volume 01 (2000)

The Design TASC (Technology and Science Connection) Engineering Design Competition, which we created for Vermont high schools, is now in its tenth year. The basic format is still very much the same as described in a previous paper (S.L. Titcomb et al., 1994). However, since that time we have learned a great deal about the practical aspects of running this type of competition, as well as how to create design criteria that provide a challenge and a positive learning experience for a wide spectrum of high school juniors and seniors. The primary features of this competition, which include design, construction, documentation, and competition, are reviewed. In addition, changes that we have incorporated over the years, and feedback from participating students and teachers, are presented. A discussion of the attitudes of students about the relationships among strategy, teamwork, and design is also included.
Estimating crowd density with Minkowski fractal dimension
Authors: A. N. Marana
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1999. on 1999 IEEE International Conference - Volume 06 (1999)

The estimation of the number of people in an area under surveillance is very important for the problem of crowd monitoring. When an area reaches an occupation level greater than the projected one, people's safety can be in danger. This paper describes a new technique for crowd density estimation based on Minkowski fractal dimension. The fractal dimension has been widely used to characterize data texture in a large number of physical and biological sciences. The results of our experiments show that fractal dimension can also be used to characterize levels of people congestion in images of crowds. The proposed technique is compared with a statistical and a spectral technique, in a test study of nearly 300 images of a specific area of the Liverpool Street Railway Station, London, UK. Results obtained in this test study are presented.
Genertia: a system for vulnerability analysis, design and redesign of immunity-based anomaly detection system
Authors: Gerry Dozier
Venue:  (2006)

The principles of immunology have been applied to the design and implementation of artificial systems and algorithms for solving a broad range of mathematical and engineering problems, which results in a new computation paradigm, termed an Artificial Immune System (AIS). This dissertation focuses on the performance improvement of an AIS in its anomaly detection functionality. A typical AIS can be described as having three factors: (1) pattern and detector representations, (2) matching rules that decide the affinity between detectors and patterns, and (3) algorithms that describe the generation, death and regeneration of detectors. Traditional representations and matching rules have been shown to make AIS suffer from a series of problems including poor scalability. This dissertation proposes a constraint-based representation and the corresponding matching rules to address these problems. This dissertation proposes GENERTIA, a system that proactively improves the performance of an AIS by discovering and patching the vulnerabilities. GENERTIA consists of two subsystems: a red team and a blue team. The red team is able to discover the vulnerabilities in the AIS, and the blue team design detectors to patch the discovered vulnerabilities. The two teams effectively strengthen an AIS in an interactive and coevolutionary fashion. GENERTIA is applied to an AIS-based intrusion detection system (IDS). Experiments show that GENERTIA can effectively increase the detection rate of the IDS with little increase of false positive rate. The GENERTIA blue team provides a novel approach to the generation of a compact and effective detector set. This leads to the proposal of an anomaly detection-based classification system. This classification system consists of multiple subsystems with each subsystem being an AIS that discriminates a class of patterns from other classes. The GENERTIA is also applied to the proposed classification system to improve its classification accuracy by improving the performance of the individual subsystems of the classification system.
Visualizing Testsuites to Aid in Software Understanding
Authors: Bas Cornelissen, Arie van Deursen, Leon Moonen, Andy Zaidman
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th European Conference on Software Maintenance and Reengineering (2007)

Agile software development methods such as eXtreme Programming have brought renewed attention to testing during the software development process, both as a quality assurance method and as a form of live documentation. It is for this reason that a software system's testsuite is an ideal starting point for gaining knowledge about its inner workings. In this paper, we propose to use sequence diagrams to visualize information that is dynamically obtained from testsuites. We employ abstraction techniques such as constructor hiding and stack depth limitation to make the diagrams more scalable. We use JPACMAN as a case study to validate our results by consulting with domain experts, and use their feedback to fine-tune our techniques.
Modeling the communication costs of content-based routing: the case of subscription forwarding
Authors: Stefano Castelli, Paolo Costa, Gian Pietro Picco
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 inaugural international conference on Distributed event-based systems (2007)

Content-based routing (CBR) provides the core distribution support of several middleware paradigms, most notably content-based publish-subscribe. Despite its popularity, however, the performance of CBR protocols is typically evaluated through simulation, and analytical models are extremely rare in the literature. Analytical models capture formally the characteristic of the analyzed system, and are therefore worth pursuing on their own. However, they also provide very practical advantages in that they allow one to evaluate tradeoffs extensively (i.e., across many parameter combinations and across all the interesting values) without the lengthy computation times required by simulations. These benefits are particularly welcome when large-scale networks are considered. In this paper, we provide an analytical model for subscription forwarding [4], arguably the most common CBR protocol in use today and one that is often used as a baseline against which to compare new approaches. We provide closed analytical expressions for the overall network traffic required to disseminate subscriptions and propagate notifications, as well as for the message forwarding load on individual nodes. The analytical model we present is validated through simulation for networks with more than 100,000 nodes and against several combinations of the relevant parameters. Results show that our model remains within 3% of the simulated traffic (and in most scenarios well below 1%), therefore indicating that our model can effectively replace simulations. The paper is completed by some examples of how our analytical model can be used in practice, including a precise characterization of the tradeoffs between subscription forwarding and event forwarding.
Doing Virtually Nothing: Awareness and Accountability in Massively Multiplayer Online Worlds
Authors: Robert J. Moore, Nicolas Ducheneaut, Eric Nickell
Venue: Computer Supported Cooperative Work (2007)

To date the most popular and sophisticated types of virtual worlds can be found in the area of video gaming, especially in the genre of Massively Multiplayer Online Role Playing Games (MMORPG). Game developers have made great strides in achieving game worlds that look and feel increasingly realistic. However, despite these achievements in the visual realism of virtual game worlds, they are much less sophisticated when it comes to modeling face-to-face interaction. In face-to-face, ordinary social activities are "accountable," that is, people use a variety of kinds of observational information about what others are doing in order to make sense of others' actions and to tightly coordinate their own actions with others. Such information includes: (1) the real-time unfolding of turns-at-talk; (2) the observability of embodied activities; and (3) the direction of eye gaze for the purpose of gesturing. But despite the fact that today's games provide virtual bodies, or "avatars," for players to control, these avatars display much less information about players' current state than real bodies do. In this paper, we discuss the impact of the lack of each type of information on players' ability to tightly coordinate their activities and offer guidelines for improving coordination and, ultimately, the players' social experience.
Measuring (and enhancing?) student confidence with confidence scores
Authors: D. W. Petr
Venue: Proceedings of the 30th Annual Frontiers in Education - Volume 01 (2000)

The important skill of building confidence in one's analysis through sanity and cross-checking is often poorly acquired by engineering students. An introductory circuit analysis class presents an ideal opportunity in which to emphasize and measure this skill, since problems can typically be worked with a number of different methods or worked "backwards" to provide cross-checks. This paper reports on a two-semester experiment in which students were required to provide a confidence rating for all exam and quiz answers. The structure allowed for expressing positive confidence (confidence that an answer is correct), negative confidence (confidence that an answer is incorrect) and neutral confidence. A confidence score that measured how well the students evaluated the correctness or incorrectness of their answers was combined with a traditional problem score to form the exam score. We present numerical results of this experiment, which yield potentially valuable conclusions regarding students' perceptions of the correctness of their answers.
Malicious KGC attacks in certificateless cryptography
Authors: Man Ho Au, Yi Mu, Jing Chen, Duncan S. Wong, Joseph K. Liu, Guomin Yang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd ACM symposium on Information, computer and communications security (2007)

Identity-based cryptosystems have an inherent key escrow issue, that is, the Key Generation Center (KGC) always knows user secret key. If the KGC is malicious, it can always impersonate the user. Certificateless cryptography, introduced by Al-Riyami and Paterson in 2003, is intended to solve this problem. However, in all the previously proposed certificateless schemes, it is always assumed that the malicious KGC starts launching attacks (so-called Type II attacks) only after it has generated a master public/secret key pair honestly. In this paper, we propose new security models that remove this assumption for both certificateless signature and encryption schemes. Under the new models, we show that a class of certificateless encryption and signature schemes proposed previously are insecure. These schemes still suffer from the key escrow problem. On the other side, we also give new proofs to show that there are two generic constructions, one for certificateless signature and the other for certificateless encryption, proposed recently that are secure under our new models.
Exploring Virtual Integration as an Alternative Governance Mechanism to Supply Chain Integration
Authors: Jeffrey C. F. Tai, Eric T. G. Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (2007)

Based on the resource-based view and transaction cost theory, this study conceptualizes virtual integration as an alternative governance mechanism for supply chain integration and develops a model to examine the pivotal role virtual integration plays in improving manufacturing goals in the supply chain context. The results show that environmental uncertainty tends to discourage manufacturers from relying on normative contracts and virtual integration for supply chain coordination. On the contrary, specific supplier investments significantly facilitate the manufacturers' manufacturing goals and tend to motivate them to rely on virtual integration to coordinate with suppliers for enhancing transaction value while controlling potential hazards.
Color texture synthesis with 2-D moving average model
Authors: G. Andrews
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1999. on 1999 IEEE International Conference - Volume 03 (1999)

An algorithm for synthesizing color textures from a small set of parameters is presented. The synthesis algorithm is based on the 2-D moving average model, and realistic textures resembling many real textures can be synthesized using this algorithm. A maximum likelihood estimation algorithm to estimate parameters from a sample texture is also presented. Using the estimated parameters, a texture larger than the original image can be synthesized from a small texture sample. In the experiment, various textures suitable for multimedia applications are synthesized from parameters estimated from real textures.
EkSarva: Enabling Adaptability in Distributed Collaboration
Authors: Jinqiao Yu, Y. V. Ramana Reddy, Shufen Liu, Zhilin Yao, Vijayanand Bharadwaj, Sumitra Reddy, Srinivas Kankanahalli
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th IEEE International Workshops on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises (2006)

Traditional distributed collaboration frameworks based on assumption of static collaboration and usage patterns cannot fulfill many new requirements imposed by today's collaboration with heterogeneous and ever-changing environments and computing contexts. In this paper, we describe a collaboration framework, called as EkSarva, which enables adaptability by providing context-awareness through a set of ontologies with well-defined semantics and embedding workflow into collaboration processes.
Optimizing Investment for Recovery in Interdependent Infrastructure
Authors: Ningxiong Xu, Linda K. Nozick, Mark A. Turnquist, Dean A. Jones
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (2007)

Reliable operation of complicated interdependent infrastructures, (including transportation, electric power, oil, gas, telecommunications and emergency services) is vital to developed economies. This paper develops a method to estimate the "time to recover" from a disruption in such interdependent infrastructures. It also develops a mathematical model and solution procedure to optimize investments in interconnected infrastructures to achieve improvements in "time to recover" subject to a budget constraint. These methods are illustrated on an example gas-electric infrastructure network.
A programmable processor with 4096 processing units for media applications
Authors: A. Krikelis
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 200. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 02 (2001)

Media data delivery and processing such as telecommunications, networking, video processing, speech recognition and 3D graphics is increasing in importance and will soon dominate the processing cycles consumed in computer-based systems. This paper describes a processor called Linedancer, that provides high media performance with low energy consumption by integrating associative SIMD parallel processing with embedded microprocessor technology. The major innovations in the Linedancer is the integration of thousands of processing units in a single chip that are capable to support software programmable high-performance mathematical functions as well as abstract data processing. In addition to 4096 processing units, Linedancer integrates on a single chip a RISC controller that is an implementation of the SPARC architecture, 128 kbytes of data memory, and I/O interfaces. The SIMD processing in Linedancer implements the ASProCore architecture, which is a proprietary implementation of SIMD processing, operates at 266 MHz with program instructions issued by the RISC controller. The device also integrates a 64-bit synchronous main memory interface operating at 133 MHz (double-data rate, DDR), and a 64-bit 66 MHz PCI interface.
Short note: Enhancing linear features in image data using horizontal orthogonal gradient ratios
Authors: G. R. J. Cooper, D. R. Cowan
Venue: Computers Geosciences (2007)

Horizontal directional derivatives and sunshading are two commonly used gradient-based filters for enhancing linear features in potential field data. The Tilt angle is a useful filter that produces an amplitude-balanced vertical derivative. The disadvantage of the Tilt angle-based filters is that they require the computation of the vertical derivative of the data, which as well as making the filters more computationally intensive, limits their application to datasets where this is physically meaningful. This paper presents amplitude-balanced horizontal derivatives that do not require the vertical derivative of the field and thus are faster and have general application.
Parallel Recursive Computations where Both Recombination and Partition Overheads are Problem-Dependent
Authors: Arindam Saha, Meghanad D. Wagh
Venue: Proceedings of the 1994 International Conference on Parallel Processing - Volume 03 (1994)

Parallel recursive computations incorporating the unavoidable and significant parallel computing overheads, encompassing a wide variety of applications, can be modeled as T(n) = \left\{ {\mathop {\min }\limits_{0 \le r \le n}^{t_{(),} } } \right.\left\{ {\max \left\{ {T(n - r),T(r) + k(r)} \right\} + \mathop {\mathop {\lambda (n,r)}\limits_{otherwise} }\limits^{forn \le n_{(),} } } \right\} where k(r) and X(n,r) represent the partition and recombination overheads respectively. The optimal partition size (solution to r of the above minmax recurrence relation) is nontrivial and is very different from the n/2 value conventionally used. Using the optimal partitions at every stage of the recursion enhances the performance greatly. In this paper we solve a challenging case of our parallel recursive model where the overhead functions are problem-dependent.
Multimedia teaching modules in the engineering K-Ph.D. program at Duke University
Authors: M. R. Gustafson
Venue: Proceedings of the Frontiers in Education Conference, 2001. 31st Annual - Volume 02 (2001)

The Engineering K-Ph.D. Program at Duke University is a partnership between the Pratt School of Engineering and N.C. elementary, middle and high schools. The mission of this program is to promote passionate interest in science and engineering in students, teachers and parents of all ages from kindergarten to Ph.D. The Engineering K-Ph.D. program leverages our NSF funded GK-12 program: Duke-NCSU Engineering Teaching Fellows in GK-12, a new Burroughs Wellcome funded program: Techtronics: Hands-on Exploration of Technology in Everyday Life, and the Pratt Multimedia Laboratory. This paper presents one aspect of our Program: multimedia module creation.