ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Content based similarity of geographic classes organized as partition hierarchies
Authors: Anna Formica, Elaheh Pourabbas
Venue: Knowledge and Information Systems (2009)

In this paper we propose a method to measure the semantic similarity of geographic classes organized as partition hierarchies within Naive Geography. The contribution of this work consists in extending and integrating the information content approach, and the method for comparing concept attributes in the ontology management system SymOntos developed at IASI. As a result, this proposal allows us to address both the concept similarity within the partition hierarchy, and the attribute similarity of geographic classes and, therefore, to reduce the gap among the different similarity approaches defined in the literature.
Adsorption and Desorption Behaviors of 4-Cresol on β-Cyclodextrin Polymer
Authors: Ning Li, Xiao-Li Xiong, Ren-Bing Li
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Environmental Science and Information Application Technology - Volume 01 (2009)

The adsorption and desorption properties of β-cyclodextrin polymer (β-CDP) for 4-cresol were investigated. Studies concerning the effects of pH, contact time and initial 4-cresol concentration were presented and discussed. Results of batch experiments showed that this adsorbent exhibited some sorption capacities toward 4-cresol. It was found that kinetics followed a Ho and McKay equation and isotherm fitted Freundlich model for the adsorption of 4-cresol on β-CDP. The regeneration capacity of β-CDP was so strong that it could be used as a kind of recyclable adsorbent.
The Lunar Laser Communications Demonstration (LLCD)
Authors: D. M. Boroson, J. J. Scozzafava, D. V. Murphy, B. S. Robinson, M. I. T. Lincoln
Venue: Proceedings of the Third IEEE International Conference on Space Mission Challenges for Information Technology (2009)

NASA is presently overseeing a project tocreate the world’s first free-space lasercommunications system that can be operated overa range ten times larger than the near-earth rangesthat have been demonstrated to date. To be flownon the Lunar Atmosphere and Dust EnvironmentExplorer (LADEE), which is planned for launch byNASA in 2012, it will demonstrate high-rate lasercommunications from Lunar orbit to atransportable ground terminal on the Earth. Tosupport up to 622 Mbps over the approximately400 thousand kilometer link, the system will makeuse of a high peak-power doped-fiber transmitter,a hybrid pointing and tracking system, highefficiency modulation and coding techniques,superconducting photon-counting detectors, and ascalable optical collector architecture. It also willsupport up to 20 Mbps on the optical uplink, plus ahighly accurate continuous two-way time-of-flightmeasurement capability with the potential toperform ranging with sub-centimeter accuracy tothe moving spacecraft. The project is beingundertaken by MIT Lincoln Laboratory (MIT/LL)and the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center(GSFC.)
Technology Support for Analyzing User Interactions to Create User-Centered Interactions
Authors: Dirk Burkhardt, Kawa Nazemi, Nadeem Bhatti, Christoph Hornung
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Addressing Diversity. Part I: Held as Part of HCI International 2009 (2009)

Alternative interaction devices become more important in the communication between users and computers. Parallel graphical User Interfaces underlay a continuous development and research. But today does no adequate connection exist between these both aspects. So if a developer wants to provide an alternative access over more intuitive interaction devices, he has to implement this interaction-possibility on his own by regarding the users perception. A better way to avoid this time-consuming development-process is presented in this paper. This method can easy implement by a developer and users get the possibility to interact on intuitive way.
HCX: an efficient hybrid clustering approach for XML documents
Authors: Sangeetha Kutty, Richi Nayak, Yuefeng Li
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th ACM symposium on Document engineering (2009)

This paper proposes a novel Hybrid Clustering approach for XML documents (HCX) that first determines the structural similarity in the form of frequent subtrees and then uses these frequent subtrees to represent the constrained content of the XML documents in order to determine the content similarity. The empirical analysis reveals that the proposed method is scalable and accurate.
Compositional Models for Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Nicholas K. Jong, Peter Stone
Venue: Proceedings of the European Conference on Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases: Part I (2009)

Innovations such as optimistic exploration, function approximation, and hierarchical decomposition have helped scale reinforcement learning to more complex environments, but these three ideas have rarely been studied together. This paper develops a unified framework that formalizes these algorithmic contributions as operators on learned models of the environment. Our formalism reveals some synergies among these innovations, and it suggests a straightforward way to compose them. The resulting algorithm, Fitted R-MAXQ, is the first to combine the function approximation of fitted algorithms, the efficient model-based exploration of R-MAX, and the hierarchical decompostion of MAXQ.
Stereo Cameras Self-Calibration Based on SIFT
Authors: Ran Liu, Hua Zhang, Manlu Liu, Xianfeng Xia, Tianlian Hu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation - Volume 01 (2009)

At present, a new algorithm of feature matching-SIFT has become a hot topic in the feature matching field, whose matching ability is strong, and could process the matching problems with translation, rotation and affine transformation among different images, and to a certain extent is with more stable feature matching ability for images which are captured from random different angles.In this paper, single camera is first calibrated using plane chessboard based on OpenCV,in order to overcome shortcomings in traditional and previous self-calibration methods, SIFT algorithm is proposed to calibrate stereo cameras after two cameras intrinsic parameters are calibrated. Fundamentalmatrix is gained through several matching points in two images using SIFT feature matching method, combined with intrinsic parameters, we can compute essential matrix. Translation matrix and the rotation matrix ofstereo cameras can be resolved through SVD of essential matrix known as Huang- Faugeras’ constrains. Experiment results show that our method can calibrate relationship of stereo cameras accurately, and be able to calibrate two cameras in any circumstances. The algorithm has strong adaptability and robustness, but the expense time needs to be further improved.
A maximum entropy framework that integrates word dependencies and grammatical relations for reading comprehension
Authors: Kui Xu, Helen Meng, Fuliang Weng
Venue: Proceedings of the Human Language Technology Conference of the NAACL, Companion Volume: Short Papers on XX (2006)

Automatic reading comprehension (RC) systems can analyze a given passage and generate/extract answers in response to questions about the passage. The RC passages are often constrained in their lengths and the target answer sentence usually occurs very few times. In order to generate/extract a specific precise answer, this paper proposes the integration of two types of "deep" linguistic features, namely word dependencies and grammatical relations, in a maximum entropy (ME) framework to handle the RC task. The proposed approach achieves 44.7% and 73.2% HumSent accuracy on the Remedia and ChungHwa corpora respectively. This result is competitive with other results reported thus far.
Models of Communication Dynamics for Simulation of Information Diffusion
Authors: Konstantin Mertsalov, Malik Magdon-Ismail, Mark Goldberg
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Advances in Social Network Analysis and Mining (2009)

We study information diffusion in real-life and synthetic dynamic networks, using well known threshold and cascade models of diffusion. Our test-bed is the communication network of the LiveJournal Blogosphere. We observe that the dynamic and static versions of the Blogograph, yield very different behaviors of the diffusion. It was earlier discovered that the communication dynamics of the Blogograph is quite high - over 60% of the links each week were not present in the previous week, though the size of the node set is relatively stable. Our models of the Blogograph evolution reproduce general stable statistics of the real-life Blogograph. We discover that the diffusion footprint on our models closely approximate the diffusion footprint of the real-life dynamic network.
Implementation of Rotation Invariant Multi-View Face Detection on FPGA
Authors: Jinbo Xu, Yong Dou, Yuxing Tang, Xiaodong Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Advanced Parallel Processing Technologies (2009)

This paper aims at detecting faces with all -/+90-degree rotation-out-of-plane and 360-degree rotation-in-plane pose changes fast and accurately under embedded hardware environment. We present a fine-classified method and a hardware architecture for rotation invariant multi-view face detection. A tree-structured detector hierarchy is designed to organize multiple detector nodes identifying pose ranges of faces. We propose a boosting algorithm for training the detector nodes. The strong classifier in each detector node is composed of multiple novelly-designed two-stage weak classifiers. Each detector node deals with the multi-dimensional binary classification problems by means of a shared output space of multi-components vector. The characteristics of the proposed method is analyzed for fully exploiting the spatial and temporal parallelism. We present the design of the hardware architecture in detail. Experiments on FPGA show that high accuracy and amazing speed are achieved compared with previous related works. The execution time speedups are significant when our FPGA design is compared with software solution on PC.
Approximability of manipulating elections
Authors: Eric Brelsford, Piotr Faliszewski, Edith Hemaspaandra, Henning Schnoor, Ilka Schnoor
Venue: Proceedings of the 23rd national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1 (2008)

In this paper, we set up a framework to study approximation of manipulation, control, and bribery in elections. We show existence of approximation algorithms (even fully polynomial time approximation schemes) as well as obtain inapproximability results.
Fancy a Drink in Canary Wharf?: A User Study on Location-Based Mobile Search
Authors: Alia Amin, Sian Townsend, Jacco Ossenbruggen, Lynda Hardman
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th IFIP TC 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Part I (2009)

We present a web-based diary study on location-based search behavior using a mobile search engine. To capture users' location-based search behavior in a ubiquitous setting, we use a web-based diary tool that collects users' detailed mobile search activity, their location and diary entries. This method enables us to capture users' explicit behavior (query made), their implicit intention (motivation behind search) and the context (spatial, temporal, and social) in which the search was carried out. The results of the study show that people tend to stick closely to regularly used routes and regularly visited places, e.g. home and work. We also found that most location-based searches are conducted while in the presence of others. We summarize our findings and offer suggestions to improve location-based search by using features such as location-based service mash-ups.
Joining Case-Based Reasoning and Item-Based Collaborative Filtering in Recommender Systems
Authors: SongJie Gong
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Second International Symposium on Electronic Commerce and Security - Volume 01 (2009)

Recommender systems can find user interested information based on the information filtering algorithms. Collaborative filtering technique has been proved to be one of the most successful techniques in recommender systems. And there are two approaches: one is user-based collaborative filtering and the other is item-based collaborative filtering. Data sparsity is the main problem in recommender system, which leads to the bad accuracy. To solve the sparsity problem, this paper presents a personalized recommendation algorithm joining case-based reasoning and item-based collaborative filtering. At first, it employs case-based reasoning technology to fill the vacant ratings of the user-item matrix. And then, it produces prediction of the target user to the target item using item-based collaborative filtering. The recommendation algorithm combining the case-based reasoning and item-based collaborative filtering can alleviate the sparsity issue and can produce more accuracy recommendation than the traditional recommender systems.
Implementation of Source and Channel Coding for Power Reduction in Medical Application Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Richard Mc Sweeney, Christian Spagnol, Emanuel Popovici, Luigi Giancardi
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Third International Conference on Sensor Technologies and Applications (2009)

This paper examines the system level power reduction of Wireless Sensor Nodes in medical applications by the use of source and channel coding. The reliability and energy savings of the serially concatenated Huffman and Reed-Solomon codes is presented, and the scheme with regards to medical applications is discussed. The results show that it is possible to have BER and compression gains in the system, but also show that computational time of purely software oriented implementations are not optimal.
User input and interactions on Microsoft Research ESL Assistant
Authors: Claudia Leacock, Michael Gamon, Chris Brockett
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications (2009)

ESL Assistant is a prototype web-based writing-assistance tool that is being developed for English Language Learners. The system focuses on types of errors that are typically made by non-native writers of American English. A freely-available prototype was deployed in June 2008. User data from this system are manually evaluated to identify writing domain and measure system accuracy. Combining the user log data with the evaluated rewrite suggestions enables us to determine how effectively English language learners are using the system, across rule types and across writing domains. We find that repeat users typically make informed choices and can distinguish correct suggestions from incorrect.
Automatic construction of an English-Chinese bilingual FrameNet
Authors: Benfeng Chen, Pascale Fung
Venue: Proceedings of HLT-NAACL 2004: Short Papers on XX (2004)

We propose a method of automatically constructing an English-Chinese bilingual FrameNet where the English FrameNet lexical entries are linked to the appropriate Chinese word senses. This resource can be used in machine translation and cross-lingual IR systems. We coerce the English FrameNet into Chinese using a bilingual lexicon, frame context in FrameNet and taxonomy structure in HowNet. Our approach does not require any manual mapping between FrameNet and HowNet semantic roles. Evaluation results show that we achieve a promising 82% average F-measure for the most ambiguous lexical entries.
Adaptation of HVS Sensitivity for Perceptual Modelling of Wavelet-Based Image Compression
Authors: Ghada Al-Hudhud
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Second International Conference in Visualisation (2009)

Wavelet domain statistical models have been shown to be useful for certain applications, e.g. image compression, watermarking and Gaussian noise reduction. One of the main problems for wavelet-based compression is to overcome quantization error efficiently. Inspired by Weber-Fechners Law, we introduce a logarithmic model that approximates the nonlinearity of human perception and partially precompensates for the effect of the display device. A logarithmic transfer function is proposed in order to spread the coefficients distribution in the wavelet domain in compliance with the human perceptual attributes. The standard deviation δ of the logarithmically scaled coefficients in a subband represents the average difference from the mean of the coefficients in that subband. The standard deviation is chosen as a measure of the visibility threshold within this subband. Computing the values of δ for all subbands results in a quantisation matrix for a chosen image. A major advantage of this model is to allow for observing the visibility threshold and automatically produce the quantisation matrix that is content dependant and scalable without further interaction from the user.
Research of Eight-Legged Robot Gait Base on Bionics
Authors: Ye Jing, Liu Jian-hui
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Asia-Pacific Conference on Information Processing - Volume 01 (2009)

Based on the major coal mine disaster relief Spiders Bionic-Robot of multiple legs are special robots, which have redundant movement, multiple branched chain, time-varying topology motion mechanism, whose movement plans are key problems on robot design. The major coal mine disaster relief Spiders Bionic-Robot imitates spiders’ walked features; follow to the swung feet sequence when the spiders walk, on the different conditions which follow different rules of swung legs to walk. Used as the major coal mine disaster relief robots, whose flexibility and adaptation to complex environment greatly enhance, can entrance into coal mine tunnel more quickly and flexible, understand timely complex conditions of the coal mine and then treat timely.
Active imitation learning
Authors: Aaron P. Shon, Deepak Verma, Rajesh P. N. Rao
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1 (2007)

Imitation learning, also called learning by watching or programming by demonstration, has emerged as a means of accelerating many reinforcement learning tasks. Previous work has shown the value of imitation in domains where a single mentor demonstrates execution of a known optimal policy for the benefit of a learning agent. We consider the more general scenario of learning from mentors who are themselves agents seeking to maximize their own rewards. We propose a new algorithm based on the concept of transferable utility for ensuring that an observer agent can learn efficiently in the context of a selfish, not necessarily helpful, mentor. We also address the questions of when an imitative agent should request help from a mentor, and when the mentor can be expected to acknowledge a request for help. In analogy with other types of active learning, we call the proposed approach active imitation learning.
Usability evaluation of OpenWeb transcoding
Authors: Elizabeth Uruchurtu, Ellie Lockley, Chris Roast, Inge De Bleecker
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services (2009)

This paper describes collaborative work between industry and academia aimed at supporting the design and assessment of a transcoding service to support mobile phone internet browsing. The work demonstrates how research informed by user based assessment can be effectively and efficiently employed to inform and support industry. The paper describes a series of small scale, relatively rapid, evaluation studies that have focused on the comparative assessment of alternative transcoding approaches. These studies have: informed the design of OpenWeb transcoding; developed a number of easily efficient empirical assessment methods for mobile browsing; and provided a basis for focusing future user experience studies.
A review of recent advances in global optimization
Authors: C. A. Floudas, C. E. Gounaris
Venue: Journal of Global Optimization (2009)

This paper presents an overview of the research progress in deterministic global optimization during the last decade (1998---2008). It covers the areas of twice continuously differentiable nonlinear optimization, mixed-integer nonlinear optimization, optimization with differential-algebraic models, semi-infinite programming, optimization with grey box/nonfactorable models, and bilevel nonlinear optimization.
A new family of metrics for compact, convex (fuzzy) sets based on a generalized concept of mid and spread
Authors: Wolfgang Trutschnig, Gil González-Rodríguez, Ana Colubi, María Ángeles Gil
Venue: Information Sciences: an International Journal (2009)

One of the most important aspects of the (statistical) analysis of imprecise data is the usage of a suitable distance on the family of all compact, convex fuzzy sets, which is not too hard to calculate and which reflects the intuitive meaning of fuzzy sets. On the basis of expressing the metric of Bertoluzza et al. [C. Bertoluzza, N. Corral, A. Salas, On a new class of distances between fuzzy numbers, Mathware Soft Comput. 2 (1995) 71-84] in terms of the mid points and spreads of the corresponding intervals we construct new families of metrics on the family of all d-dimensional compact convex sets as well as on the family of all d-dimensional compact convex fuzzy sets. It is shown that these metrics not only fulfill many good properties, but also that they are easy to calculate and easy to manage for statistical purposes, and therefore, useful from the practical point of view.
A Zoomable User Interface for Presenting Hierarchical Diagrams on Large Screens
Authors: Christian Geiger, Holger Reckter, Roman Dumitrescu, Sascha Kahl, Jan Berssenbrügge
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Part II: Novel Interaction Methods and Techniques (2009)

We present the design, implementation and initial evaluation of a zoomable interface dedicated to present a large hierarchical design model of a complex mechatronic system. The large hierarchical structure of the model is illustrated by means of a visual notation and consists of over 800 elements. An efficient presentation of this complex model is realized by means of a zoomable user interface that is rendered on a large Virtual Reality wall with a high resolution (3860 x 2160). We assume that this visualization set-up combined with dedicated interaction techniques for selection and navigation reduces the cognitive workload of a passive audience and supports the understanding of complex hierarchical structures. To validate this assumption we have designed a small experiment that compares the traditional visualization techniques PowerPoint and paper sheets with this new presentation form.
On the Diaconis-Gangolli Markov Chain for Sampling Contingency Tables with Cell-Bounded Entries
Authors: Ivona Bezáková, Nayantara Bhatnagar, Dana Randall
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference on Computing and Combinatorics (2009)

The problems of uniformly sampling and approximately counting contingency tables have been widely studied, but efficient solutions are only known in special cases. One appealing approach is the Diaconis and Gangolli Markov chain which updates the entries of a random 2 ×2 submatrix. This chain is known to be rapidly mixing for cell-bounded tables only when the cell bounds are all 1 and the row and column sums are regular. We demonstrate that the chain can require exponential time to mix in the cell-bounded case, even if we restrict to instances for which the state space is connected. Moreover, we show the chain can be slowly mixing even if we restrict to natural classes of problem instances, including regular instances with cell bounds of either 0 or 1 everywhere, and dense instances where at least a linear number of cells in each row or column have non-zero cell-bounds.