ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Immediate user performances with touch Chinese text entry solutions on handheld devices
Authors: Ying Liu, Kai Ding, Ning Liu
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services (2009)

"Immediate usability" is more important for mobile text entry solutions [7]. We compared immediate user performance of four touch Chinese text entry solutions on mobile devices including two Chinese handwriting recognition (HWR: full screen and 3-box) and two pinyin virtual keyboard (VKB: consonant plus vowel and QWERTY) solutions with novice users. It was found that users make more errors with Chinese HWR solutions than VKB solutions although there are no significant differences between the two solutions in each category. Users are significantly slower with the consonant plus vowel pinyin keyboard than the other three solutions although the consonant plus vowel keyboard is better on the measure of key stroke per character (KSPC).
Effect of the stagnation temperature on the normal shock wave
Authors: Toufik Zebbiche
Venue: Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering (2009)

When the stagnation temperature increases, the specific heat does not remain constant and start to vary with this temperature. The gas is perfect; its state equation remains always valid, except, it was called by calorically imperfect gas or gas at high temperature. The purpose of this work is to develop a mathematical model for a normal shock wave at high temperature when the stagnation temperature is taken into account, less than the dissociation of the molecules. A generalisation model for a perfect gas for constant heat specific is obtained. A study on the error given by the perfect gas model compared to our model is presented in order to find a limit of application of the perfect gas model. The application is for air.
Study on the Turntable Hydraulic Variable Structure Control Based on Lyapunov Theory
Authors: Tian-hua Chen, Pei-yuan Guo, Zai-wen Liu, Kun-Peng Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation - Volume 02 (2009)

This paper studies the basic structure and principles of the three degrees of the freedom turntable system, and establishes its mathematical model. It describes the design theory and procedures of the variable structure control system, presents a new design method of the variable structure control (VSC) of electrical-hydraulic turntables, analyzes in theory the robustness of the VSC, and discusses the simulation experiments on one type of turntable. Research and experiments have shown that the VSC system is distinguished by its excellent dynamic and steady-state characteristics, and is independent of changes in the plant parameters and external disturbances.
UNIMARC-XML performance testing
Authors: Cláudio Teixeira, Joaquim Sousa Pinto, Joaquim Arnaldo Martins
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 Euro American Conference on Telematics and Information Systems (2008)

Considering the notoriety that XML has gained in the last years as an exchange format, how can we conciliate XML data exchange and presentation with efficient data storage? Is there a one-fits-all solution? If not, what are the possible scenarios and solutions? This paper presents preliminary results on performance tests over several state-of-the-art solutions for XML storage, indexing and retrieval.
Colorization Using Segmentation with Random Walk
Authors: Xiaoming Liu, Jun Liu, Zhilin Feng
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Computer Analysis of Images and Patterns (2009)

Traditional monochrome image colorization techniques require considerable user interaction and a lot of time. The segment-based colorization works fast but at the expense of detail loss because of the large segmentation; while the optimization based method looks much more continuous but takes longer time. This paper proposed a novel approach: Segmentation colorization based on random walks, which is a fast segmentation technique and can naturally handle multi-label segmentation problems. It can maintain smoothness almost everywhere except for the sharp discontinuity at the boundaries in the images. Firstly, with the few seeds of pixels set manually scribbled by the user, a global energy is set up according to the spatial information and statistical grayscale information. Then, with random walks, the global optimal segmentation is obtained fast and efficiently. Finally, a banded graph cut based refine procedure is applied to deal with ambiguous regions of the previous segmentation. Several results are shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
ActionSpaces: Device Independent Places of Thought, Memory and Evolution
Authors: Rudolf Melcher, Martin Hitz, Gerhard Leitner
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th International on ConferenceUniversal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Part II: Intelligent and Ubiquitous Interaction Environments (2009)

We propose an inherently three-dimensional interaction paradigm which allows individuals to manage their personal digital artifact collections (PAC) regardless of the specific devices and means they are using. The core of our solution is to provide unified access to all user artifacts normally spread across several repositories and devices. Not till then individuals may foster and evolve persistent multi-hierarchical artifact structures (PAS) fitting their cognitive needs. PAS subsets can be arranged and meaningfully related to virtual habitats or even mapped to physical contexts and environments they are frequenting to solve their tasks.
GraphWrap: a system for interactive wrapping of pdf documents using graph matching techniques
Authors: Tamir Hassan
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th ACM symposium on Document engineering (2009)

We present GraphWrap, a novel and innovative approach to wrapping PDF documents. The PDF format is often used to publish large amounts of structured data, such as product specifications, measurements, prices or contact information. As the PDF format is unstructured, it is very difficult to use this data in machine processing applications. Wrapping is the process of navigating the data source, semi-automatically extracting the data and transforming it into a structured form. GraphWrap enables a non-expert user to create such data extraction programs for almost any PDF file in an intuitive and interactive manner. We show how a wrapper can be created by selecting an example instance and interacting with the graph representation to set conditions and choose which data items to extract. In the background, the corresponding instances are found using an algorithm based on subgraph isomorphism. The resulting wrapper can then be run on other pages and documents which exhibit a similar visual structure.
Informative or Misleading? Heatmaps Deconstructed
Authors: Agnieszka (Aga) Bojko
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Part I: New Trends (2009)

Eye tracking heatmaps have become very popular and easy to create over the last few years. They are very compelling and can be effective in summarizing and communicating data. However, heatmaps are often used incorrectly and for the wrong reasons. In addition, many do not include all the information that is necessary for proper interpretation. This paper describes several types of heatmaps as representations of different aspects of visual attention, and provides guidance on when to use and how to interpret heatmaps. It explains how heatmaps are created and how their appearance can be modified by manipulating different display settings. Guidelines for proper use of heatmaps are also proposed.
Automatic semantic relation extraction with multiple boundary generation
Authors: Brandon Beamer, Alla Rozovskaya, Roxana Girju
Venue: Proceedings of the 23rd national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 2 (2008)

This paper addresses the task of automatic classification of semantic relations between nouns. We present an improved WordNet-based learning model which relies on the semantic information of the constituent nouns. The representation of each noun's meaning captures conceptual features which play a key role in the identification of the semantic relation. We report substantial improvements over previous WordNet-based methods on the 2007 SemEval data. Moreover, our experiments show that WordNet's IS-A hierarchy is better suited for some semantic relations compared with others. We also compute various learning curves and show that our model does not need a large number of training examples.
The Mastermind Attack on Genomic Data
Authors: Michael T. Goodrich
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 30th IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (2009)

In this paper, we study the degree to which a genomic string, $Q$,leaks details about itself any time it engages in comparison protocolswith a genomic querier, Bob, even if those protocols arecryptographically guaranteed to produce no additional information otherthan the scores that assess the degree to which $Q$ matches stringsoffered by Bob.We show that such scenarios allow Bob to play variantsof the game of Mastermind with $Q$ so as to learn the complete identityof $Q$.We show that there are a number of efficient implementationsfor Bob to employ in these Mastermind attacks, depending on knowledgehe has about the structure of $Q$, which show how quickly he candetermine $Q$.Indeed, we show that Bob can discover $Q$ using anumber of rounds of test comparisons that is much smaller than thelength of $Q$, under various assumptions regarding the types of scoresthat are returned by the cryptographic protocols and whether he can useknowledge about the distribution that $Q$ comes from, e.g., usingpublic knowledge about the properties of human DNA.We also providethe results of an experimental study we performed on a database ofmitochondrial DNA, showing the vulnerability of existing real-world DNAdata to the Mastermind attack.
3DKey: An Accordion-Folding Based Virtual Keyboard for Small Screen
Authors: Khaldoun Al Faraj, Mustapha Mojahid, Nadine Vigouroux
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th IFIP TC 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Part I (2009)

Nowadays, handheld devices are more and more equipped with functionalities and applications so that they almost serve like a desktop computer. However users find them tedious and tiring to input text due the tiny keys of their virtual keyboard. In this paper, we discuss a new text entry method (3DKey) based on addition of a third dimension to traditional virtual keyboard to overcome the small screen constraint of handheld devices. In this context, the accordion-folding the virtual keyboard is used as a solution to expand keys leading to easier selection. Thus our 3DKey virtual keyboard can be seen as composed of two zones: an accordion-folded zone and a spread zone. Our study showed that users achieved more accurate and relatively faster text entry with 120° accordion-folding and predictive spreading virtual keyboard, which resulted in speed improvement of 37.71 %, than with traditional virtual keyboard.
Situation Awareness and Performance of Student versus Experienced Air Traffic Controllers
Authors: Kim-Phuong L. Vu, Katsumi Minakata, Jimmy Nguyen, Josh Kraut, Hamzah Raza, Vernol Battiste, Thomas Z. Strybel
Venue: Proceedings of the Symposium on Human Interface 2009 on Human Interface and the Management of Information. Information and Interaction. Part II: Held as part of HCI International 2009 (2009)

A human-in-the-loop simulation was conducted to examine performance, workload, and situation awarenessof students and retired air traffic controllers using an on-line situation awareness probe technique. Performance of the students did not differ from the controllers on many of the performance variables examined, a finding attributed to extensive sector-specific simulation training provided to the students. Both students and controllers indicated that workload was higher and situation awareness was lower in scenarios where the traffic density was high. However, the subjective workload and situation awareness scores indicate that students were more negatively affected by traffic density. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Awakening the Analogue Computer: Rubel's Extended Analog Computer Workshop
Authors: Jonathan W. Mills
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Unconventional Computation (2009)

Shannon's General Purpose Analog Computer (GPAC) was unable to directly solve many problems that Lee A. Rubel believed were critical to implement the functions of the human brain. In response Rubel defined the Extended Analog Computer (EAC) in 1993, which was able to directly compute partial differential equations, solve the inverse of functions and implement spatial continuity, among other operations. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
SenseClusters: finding clusters that represent word senses
Authors: Amruta Purandare, Ted Pedersen
Venue: Demonstration Papers at HLT-NAACL 2004 on XX (2004)

SenseClusters is a freely available word sense discrimination system that takes a purely unsu-pervised clustering approach. It uses no knowledge other than what is available in a raw unstructured corpus, and clusters instances of a given target word based only on their mutual contextual similarities. It is a complete system that provides support for feature selection from large corpora, several different context representation schemes, various clustering algorithms, and evaluation of the discovered clusters.
Improving QoS in P2P Video Streaming
Authors: Majed Alhaisoni, Mohammed Ghanbari, Antonio Liotta
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 First International Conference on Advances in Multimedia (2009)

Nowadays, P2P streaming has facilitated the way that people can receive the video content in. Both types of streaming services (Video-On-Demand and Live) have been delivered to the end-users in a P2P paradigm. Thus, P2P networking has shown an alternative way opposed to the traditional Client-Server approach. Scalability and availability can be considered the most advantages of P2P networking approach where many users can communicate simultaneously. On the other hand, peers need to initiate connections with different peers on the overlay to start downloading the video chunks. Therefore, high speed connection is required to smooth the video delivery to the receiver. Additionally, QoS is an essential component that affects the QoE which concerns of the end-users perceives. Thus, in this paper, we are proposing an algorithm which maintains the communications among peers and try to improve the QoS. The proposed approach is based on considerations of the locality awareness and load balancing. The proposed algorithm has been assessed using ns-2. Initial results show that the proposed techniques have been effective on different parameters such as throughput, Delay, and packets loss ratio under different conditions.
Concurrent sound segregation is enhanced in musicians
Authors: Benjamin Rich Zendel, Claude Alain
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2009)

The ability to segregate simultaneously occurring sounds is fundamental to auditory perception. Many studies have shown that musicians have enhanced auditory perceptual abilities; however, the impact of musical expertise on segregating concurrently occurring sounds is unknown. Therefore, we examined whether long-term musical training can improve listeners' ability to segregate sounds that occur simultaneously. Participants were presented with complex sounds that had either all harmonics in tune or the second harmonic mistuned by 1%, 2%, 4%, 8%, or 16% of its original value. The likelihood of hearing two sounds simultaneously increased with mistuning, and this effect was greater in musicians than nonmusicians. The segregation of the mistuned harmonic from the harmonic series was paralleled by an object-related negativity that was larger and peaked earlier in musicians. It also coincided with a late positive wave referred to as the P400 whose amplitude was larger in musicians than in nonmusicians. The behavioral and electrophysiological effects of musical expertise were specific to processing the mistuned harmonic as the N1, the N1c, and the P2 waves elicited by the tuned stimuli were comparable in both musicians and nonmusicians. These results demonstrate that listeners' ability to segregate concurrent sounds based on harmonicity is modulated by experience and provides a basis for further studies assessing the potential rehabilitative effects of musical training on solving complex scene analysis problems illustrated by the cocktail party example.
SymChaff: a structure-aware satisfiability solver
Authors: Ashish Sabharwal
Venue: Proceedings of the 20th national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1 (2005)

We present a novel low-overhead framework for encoding and utilizing structural symmetry in propositional satisfiability algorithms (SAT solvers). We use the notion of complete multi-class symmetry and demonstrate the efficacy of our technique through a solver SymChaff that achieves exponential speedup by using simple tags in the specification of problems from both theory and practice. Efficient implementations of DPLL-based SAT solvers are routinely used in areas as diverse as planning, scheduling, design automation, model checking, verification, testing, and algebra. A natural feature of many application domains is the presence of symmetry, such as that amongst all trucks at a certain location in logistics planning and all wires connecting two switch boxes in an FPGA circuit. Many of these problems turn out to have a concise description in many-sorted first order logic. This description can be easily specified by the problem designer and almost as easily inferred automatically. SymChaff, an extension of the popular SAT solver zChaff, uses information obtained from the "sorts" in the first order logic constraints to create symmetry sets that are used to partition variables into classes and to maintain and utilize symmetry information dynamically. Current approaches designed to handle symmetry include: (A) symmetry breaking predicates (SBPs), (B) pseudo-Boolean solvers with implicit representation for counting, (C) modifications of DPLL that handle symmetry dynamically, and (D) techniques based on ZBDDs. SBPs are prohibitively many, often large, and expensive to compute for problems such as the ones we report experimental results for. Pseudo-Boolean solvers are provably exponentially slow in certain symmetric situations and their implicit counting representation is not always appropriate. Suggested modifications of DPLL either work on limited global symmetry and are difficult to extend, or involve expensive algebraic group computations. Finally, techniques based on ZBDDs often do not compare well even with ordinary DPLL-based solvers. Sym-Chaff addresses and overcomes most of these limitations.
Associative Version of the Ramalingam Decremental Algorithm for Dynamic Updating the Single-Sink Shortest-Paths Subgraph
Authors: Anna Nepomniaschaya
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Parallel Computing Technologies (2009)

We propose an efficient implementation of the Ramalingam algorithm for dynamic updating the single-sink shortest-paths subgraph of a directed weighted graph after deletion of an edge using a model of associative (content addressable) parallel systems with vertical processing (the STAR---machine). The associative version of the Ramalingam decremental algorithm is given as the procedure DeleteArc, whose correctness is proved and the time complexity is evaluated. We compare implementations of the Ramalingam decremental algorithm and its associative version and present the main advantages of the associative version.
Integer representation in the mixed base (2,3)
Authors: A. V. Anisimov
Venue: Cybernetics and Systems Analysis (2009)

The mixed-base numeration system based on series of powers of the numbers 2 and 3 is introduced and investigated. Representation of numbers in this numeration system is a special case of recursive number decomposition into linear forms in the basis of orthogonal number sequences. A new universal robust prefix coding of integers with the help of this representation is presented that possesses an increased tolerance to transmission errors. Computational aspects of base (2,3) representation of numbers are considered.
Using semantic descriptions for adaptive mobile games UIs
Authors: Pascal Bihler, Holger Mügge, Mark Schmatz, Armin B. Cremers
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services (2009)

Mobile devices became powerful recently and wireless Internet access is becoming standard. One important class of networked, mobile applications are location based games, making extensive use of device sensors to adapt their application logic and user interface to the numerous, spontaneous and fast changing contexts. To simplify the developers' task of designing adaptable user interfaces, we propose the use of semantic user interface description. By going beyond formbased applications, we argue that the approach comes especially at hand when used in the context of modular reconfigurable mobile games: The interfaces fusion can simplify the generation of complex adaptable game UIs and form an integral aspect of a mobile game development kit.
'Do you smell rotten eggs?': evaluating interactions with mobile agents in crisis response situations
Authors: Andi Winterboer, Henriette S. M. Cramer, Gregor Pavlin, Frans C. A. Groen, Vanessa Evers
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services (2009)

In this paper, we present ongoing research concerning the interaction between users and autonomous mobile agents in the environmental monitoring domain. The overarching project, DIADEM, deals with developing a system that detects potentially hazardous situations in populated industrial areas using input from both a distributed sensor network and humans through mobile devices. We propose a model of interaction with the gas detection system where concerned citizens communicate with a mobile agent to inform the gas monitoring system about unusual smells via their mobile phones. Next, we present a preliminary user requirements analysis based on 40 phone calls from members of the public to an environmental monitoring agency. Finally, we introduce measures to study the delicate long-term social relationship between users and the gas monitoring system.