ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Evolutive HMM for multi-speaker tracking system
Authors: S. Meignier
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 02 (2000)

Seeking within a speech sequence the speaker utterances is one of the main tasks of indexing. In this paper, the proposed speaker tracking system is defined in the case where all speaker identities are known beforehand. The conversation is modeled as an evolutive HMM-like model, in which speaker models computed are added one by one. A temporary indexing is proposed after each speaker adding and then challenged at the next step. This process is iterated until all the speakers are detected. The system has been assessed using multi-speaker messages generated by concatenation of Switchboard mono-speaker segments. The obtained results show the potentiality of the proposed solution.
Engineering in the K-12 classroom: a partnership that works
Authors: J. deGrazia
Venue: Proceedings of the 30th Annual Frontiers in Education - Volume 01 (2000)

Recently funded by the National Science Foundation as an engineering "GK-12" program, the GK-12 Fellows program at the University of Colorado at Boulder explores innovative ways for engineering graduate students to provide in-class public K-12 instruction in engineering, technology and physical sciences. Engineering "Fellows" fill a crucial gap in a two-way exchange of content and pedagogy between the College of Engineering and Applied Science, and the K-12 community of learners. Working through the University's graduate program legitimizes K-12 outreach as a a valid, and satisfying academic endeavor for graduate students.
Embedding multiresolution binary images into wavelet domain multiresolution binary watermark channels for copyright enforcement
Authors: A. Jayawardena
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 04 (2000)

Our motivation for this research is twofold. Firstly, we embed the watermark in wavelet domain rather than DCT domain motivated by the fact that the wavelet transform is used in jpeg2000 standardization process. Secondly, high bit rate watermarks tend to get destroyed, even before between 10% to 32% average lossless compression. Hence we intend to get the watermark detection quality decreasing as we increase the compression ratio to improve detection performance. We will do this by introducing the concept of multiresolution watermark channels. We will develop techniques to construct such watermark channels.
A calculator for Pareto points
Authors: Marc Geilen, Twan Basten
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe (2007)

This paper presents the Pareto Calculator, a tool for compositional computation of Pareto points, based on the algebra of Pareto points. The tool is a useful instrument for multidimensional optimisation problems, design-space exploration and development of quality management and control strategies. Implementations and their complexity of the operations of the algebra are discussed. In particular, we discuss a generalisation of the well-known divide-and-conquer algorithm to compute the Pareto points (optimal solutions) from a set of possible configurations, also known as the maximal vector or skyline problem. The generalisation lies in the fact that we allow for partially ordered domains instead of only totally ordered ones. The calculator is available through the following url: http://www.es.ele.tue.nl/pareto.
Conversational Model Based VoIP Traffic Generation
Authors: Li Ji, Xingang Shi, Zhiliang Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Networking and Services (2007)

VoIP (Voice Over IP) traffic generation has significant meaning for the measurement of VoIP quality in networks, but existing generation methods are insufficient both in reality and interactivity, and thus affect the accuracy of VoIP quality measurement. This paper proposes a conversational model based VoIP traffic generation algorithm, which simulates the behavior of two users in a VoIP session, and generates VoIP traffic for the quality measurement according to the specific voice codec and VAD (Voice Activity Detection) parameters. Our experiments show that the algorithm illustrated in this paper can effectively demonstrate the influence of conversational users' speech characteristics and interactive process to VoIP traffic, and thus provides more realistic and interactive traffic for practical quality measurement activities.
We can do interdisciplinarity
Authors: Lisa Kaczmarczyk
Venue: ACM SIGCSE Bulletin (2007)

The year 2006 witnessed an unexpected milestone in my life: my first encounter with Poison Ivy. Not that I had never seen nor touched the infamous Rhus radicans before. Quite the contrary. A committed nature lover since birth, I have spent around four decades gloriously bushwhacking, tree hugging, dirt digging, bug chasing, rock clambering, and animal tracking. My body has suffered many indignities with aplomb. In each of these situations, I have watched with rapt attention the scientific processes at work: the sucking sounds as tweezers pull each cactus spine from my leg; the predictable trajectory of chigger blisters aiming towards their rendezvous on my toe with a fire-ant bite.
Novel heuristic search methods for protein folding and identification of folding pathways
Authors: Alena Shmygelska
Venue:  (2006)

Proteins form the very basis of life. If we were to open up any living cell, we would find, apart from DNA and RNA molecules whose primary role is to store genetic information, a large number of different proteins that comprise the cell itself (for example the cell membrane and organelles), as well as a diverse set of enzymes that catalyze various metabolic reactions. If enzymes were absent, the cell would not be able to function, since a number of metabolic reactions would not be possible. Functions of proteins are the consequences of their functional 3D shape. Therefore, to control these versatile properties, we need to be able to predict the 3D shape of proteins; in other words, solve the protein folding problem. The prediction of a protein's conformation from its amino-acid sequence is currently one of the most prominent problems in molecular biology, biochemistry and bioinformatics. In this thesis, we address the protein folding problem and the closely-related problem of identifying folding pathways. The leading research objective for this work was to design efficient heuristic search algorithms for these problems, to empirically study these new methods and to compare them with existing algorithms. This thesis makes the following contributions: (1) we show that biologically inspired approaches based on the notion of stigmergy ---where a collection of agents modifies the environment, and those changes in turn affect the decision process of each agent (particularly artificial colonies of ants that give rise to such properties as self-organization and cooperation also observed in proteins) is a promising field of study for the protein folding problem; (2) we develop a novel adaptive search framework that is used to identify and to bin promising candidate solutions and to adaptively retrieve solutions when the search progress is unsatisfactory; (3) we develop a new method that efficiently explores large search neighbourhoods by performing biased iterated solution construction for identifying folding pathways; and (4) we show that our algorithms efficiently search the vast search landscapes encountered and are able to capture important aspects of the process of protein folding for some widely accepted computational models.
3-body, classical–quantum, discrete–continuous
Authors: Thierry Paul
Venue: Mathematical Structures in Computer Science (2007)

This special issue of Mathematical Structures in Computer Science contains several contributions to the Workshop 3 corps, classique-quantique, discret-continu. The Workshop was held at the Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris on 28–29 September 2004 in the framework of the Collectif Histoire Philosophie Sciences. The Workshop was organised by Giuseppe Longo and Thierry Paul with the aim of bringing together mathematicians, physicists, computer scientists and philosophers.
Attribute Blocks: Visualizing Multiple Continuously Defined Attributes
Authors: James R. Miller
Venue: IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications (2007)

Attribute Blocks is a new tool for visualizing multiple continuously varying attributes across a region of geospace. Most of the explanations and illustrations of the technique in this article employ climatology data sets along with results computed by a simulation driven by the data sets. However neither the method nor its implementation depend in any way on issues unique to climatological applications. The author demonstrates this in part while comparing the use of Attribute Blocks to other techniques on different types of data sets. The author describes the method, compares it to some earlier methods, illustrates several techniques it enables for locating patterns in data, and briefly discusses how its implementation employs the programmable shader facility in OpenGL.
Identifying Data Transfer Objects in EJB Applications
Authors: Alexandar Pantaleev, Atanas Rountev
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Dynamic Analysis (2007)

Data Transfer Object (DTO) is a design pattern that is commonly used in Enterprise Java applications. Identification of DTOs has a range of uses for program comprehension, optimization, and evolution. We propose a dynamic analysis for identifying DTOs in Enterprise Java applications. The analysis tracks the reads and writes of object fields, and maintains information about the application tier that initiates the field access. The lifecycle of a DTO is represented by a finite state automaton that captures the relevant run-time events and the location of the code that triggers these events. We implemented the proposed approach using the JVMTI infrastructure in Java 6, and performed a study on a real-world Enterprise Java application which is deployed for commercial use. Our results indicate that the dynamic analysis achieves high precision and has acceptable overhead.
NetCents: a lightweight protocol for secure micropayments
Authors: Tomi Poutanen, Heather Hinton, Michael Stumm
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd conference on USENIX Workshop on Electronic Commerce - Volume 3 (1998)

NetCents is a lightweight, flexible and secure protocol for electronic commerce over the Internet that is designed to support purchases ranging in value from a fraction of a penny and up. NetCents differs from previous protocols in several respects: NetCents uses (vendor-independent) floating scrips as signed containers of electronic currency, passed from vendor to vendor. This allows NetCents to incorporate decentralized verification of electronic currency at a vendor's server with offline payment capture. Customer trust is not required within this protocol and a probabilistic verification scheme is used to effectively limit vendor fraud. An online arbiter is implemented that will ensure proper delivery of purchased goods and that can settle most customer/vendor disputes. NetCents can be extended to support fully anonymous payments. In this paper we describe the NetCents protocol and present experimental results of a prototype implementation.
Channel equalization for self-synchronizing chaotic systems
Authors: K. M. Cuomo
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 03 (1996)

Most strategies proposed for utilizing chaotic signals for communications exploit the self-synchronization property of a class of chaotic systems. Any realistic communication channel will introduce distortion including time-dependent fading, dispersion, and modification of the frequency content due to channel filtering and multipath effects. All of these distortions will affect the ability of the chaotic receiver to properly synchronize. This paper develops and illustrates some specific approaches to channel equalization to compensate for these distortions for self-synchronizing chaotic systems. The approaches specifically exploit the properties of chaotic drive signals and the self-synchronization properties of the receiver.
Critical Analysis of Dimension Reduction by a Moment Closure Method in a Population Density Approach to Neural Network Modeling
Authors: Cheng Ly, Daniel Tranchina
Venue: Neural Computation (2007)

Computational techniques within the population density function (PDF) framework have provided time-saving alternatives to classical Monte Carlo simulations of neural network activity. Efficiency of the PDF method is lost as the underlying neuron model is made more realistic and the number of state variables increases. In a detailed theoretical and computational study, we elucidate strengths and weaknesses of dimension reduction by a particular moment closure method (Cai, Tao, Shelley, & McLaughlin, 2004; Cai, Tao, Rangan, & McLaughlin, 2006) as applied to integrate-and-fire neurons that receive excitatory synaptic input only. When the unitary postsynaptic conductance event has a single-exponential time course, the evolution equation for the PDF is a partial differential integral equation in two state variables, voltage and excitatory conductance. In the moment closure method, one approximates the conditional kth centered moment of excitatory conductance given voltage by the corresponding unconditioned moment. The result is a system of k coupled partial differential equations with one state variable, voltage, and k coupled ordinary differential equations. Moment closure at k = 2 works well, and at k = 3 works even better, in the regime of high dynamically varying synaptic input rates. Both closures break down at lower synaptic input rates. Phase-plane analysis of the k = 2 problem with typical parameters proves, and reveals why, no steady-state solutions exist below a synaptic input rate that gives a firing rate of 59 s-1 in the full 2D problem. Closure at k = 3 fails for similar reasons. Low firing-rate solutions can be obtained only with parameters for the amplitude or kinetics (or both) of the unitary postsynaptic conductance event that are on the edge of the physiological range. We conclude that this dimension-reduction method gives ill-posed problems for a wide range of physiological parameters, and we suggest future directions.
First-year integrated curricula across engineering education coalitions
Authors: N. Al-Holou
Venue: Proceedings of the 28th Annual Frontiers in Education - Volume 01 (1998)

The National Science Foundation has supported creation of eight engineering education coalitions: Ecsel, Synthesis, Gateway, SUCCEED, Foundation, Greenfield, Academy and Scceme. One common area of work among these coalitions has been restructuring first-year engineering curricula. Within some of the Coalitions, schools have designed and implemented integrated first-year curricula. The purpose of this paper is to survey the different pilots that have been developed, abstract some design alternatives which can be explored by schools interested in developing an integrated first-year curriculum, indicated some logistical challenges, and present brief descriptions of various curricula along with highlights of the assessment results which have been obtained.
ME210-VDT: a managerial framework for measuring and improving design process performance
Authors: A. Mabogunje, L. J. Leifer, R. E. Levitt, C. Baudin
Venue: Proceedings of the Frontiers in Education Conference on 1995. Proceedings., 1995 vol 1. - Volume 01 (1995)

Our goal is to train a team of student mechanical engineers such that during the design phase of new product development, they consistently outperform professional teams of experienced engineers. If the cost of such a training is low in comparison to that of other options, then its relative value will be high. Consequently, the tools and methods used in the training will constitute a pragmatic theory of high performance design management. The paper describes an ongoing project to develop the managerial framework for such a training. We begin by adapting the simulation model of an engineering organization to a project-based design class. We hypothesize that it is possible to simulate these classes with at least the same degree of realism as current computer simulations of engineering organizations. To illustrate the potential impact of this approach on design performance, we present preliminary result from the computer simulation study of ME210. ME210, Mechatronic Systems Design, is a graduate-level course based on industry-sponsored projects. Students, in three-person teams, work on one project for nine months. The inputs to the simulation program are such variables as the class organizational structure, physical layout, team composition, and communication technologies. The principal output is the schedule-performance achieved by each team and the class as a whole. While we were able to prove the hypothesis, the results demonstrated the need for theories of learning processes that are specific to project-based classes.
Bridging the gap between the theory and the real world in dynamic systems and control education
Authors: Kok-Meng Lee
Venue: Proceedings of the Frontiers in Education Conference, on 1995. Proceedings., 1995 - Volume 02 (1995)

Summary form only given. Although there are many stimulating and practical applications for system dynamics and automatic control, students often find the material too abstract, too mathematical, and difficult to master when it is presented in lecture. This paper presents a unique approach of multimedia assisted curriculum integration, which integrates three different courses through the effective use of laboratory practice and interactive multimedia techniques. Dynamic systems and control education in a typical mechanical engineering program consists of two basic courses: system dynamics deals with basic materials for modeling and analyzing dynamic systems of an interdisciplinary nature; and automatic control presents techniques for analysis and design of control systems. The multimedia software will go far beyond the material in traditional textbooks by illustrating key concepts in dynamic systems and control through video display, animation and active exploration.
Perceived Benefits and Concerns of Prospective Users of the SmartCampus Location-Aware Community System Test-bed
Authors: Eunhee Kim, Maria Plummer, Starr Roxanne Hiltz, Quentin Jones
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (2007)

The SmartCampus initiative aims to turn an urban university campus into a living laboratory for location aware community system services. To lay a foundation for this effort, the SmartCampus test-bed is being created through provisioning to 500+ students with personal computing devices (smart phones and tablet PCs), which will run a suite of applications that link "people-to-peopleto- place", or P3-systems. To explore anticipated usage and concerns, and to use this information to help to refine the design of various applications, semi-structured interviews were conducted with a cross section of 65 members of the NJIT campus community. The interviews employed hypothetical use scenarios to enable prospective users to give their opinions about applications that did not yet exist at the time of the study. Most students were quick to see the possible benefits of applications that can allow one, for instance, to see the campus location of their "buddies' at a glance. The major concerns were with privacy control, the validity of the data entered (e.g., will applications be used to make verbal attacks on others?), and interruptions / overload with information, which may be disruptive. The concerns raised are being used to help inform the design of test-bed applications.
Handling Parameter Passing in Dynamic Rendering of Enterprise Reports
Authors: Debasish Jana, Arabinda Mandal, Chinmoy Bose, Debasish Ghosh
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computing: Theory and Applications (2007)

In Enterprise Reporting, we build a report template and reuse the template with different sets of data and parameters for rendering to different reports. While working for a product initiative towards catering to reporting solution space, we have designed and implemented a scheme for management of passing set of parameters to the report processing during rendering from same report template. For rendering a report with different set of parameters, we use an efficient algorithm to generate the ordered combination of parameters taken from a disjoint set of parameters. While the rendering is in progress, in case the process is abandoned suddenly, the process can restart the dynamic rendering process from the rest of the parameter tuples by using cached storage. In this paper, we discuss about the scenario, the algorithm, its computational complexity, implementation aspects and the benefits.
Automatic extraction and identification of chart patterns towards financial forecast
Authors: James N. K. Liu, Raymond W. M. Kwong
Venue: Applied Soft Computing (2007)

Technical analysis of stocks mainly focuses on the study of irregularities, which is a non-trivial task. Because one time scale alone cannot be applied to all analytical processes, the identification of typical patterns on a stock requires considerable knowledge and experience of the stock market. It is also important for predicting stock market trends and turns. The last two decades has seen attempts to solve such non-linear financial forecasting problems using AI technologies such as neural networks, fuzzy logic, genetic algorithms and expert systems but these, although promising, lack explanatory power or are dependent on domain experts. This paper presents an algorithm, PXtract to automate the recognition process of possible irregularities underlying the time series of stock data. It makes dynamic use of different time windows, and exploits the potential of wavelet multi-resolution analysis and radial basis function neural networks for the matching and identification of these irregularities. The study provides rooms for case establishment and interpretation, which are both important in investment decision making.
Study of piggyback cache validation for proxy caches in the world wide web
Authors: Balachander Krishnamurthy, Craig E. Wills
Venue: Proceedings of the USENIX Symposium on Internet Technologies and Systems on USENIX Symposium on Internet Technologies and Systems (1997)

This paper presents work on piggyback cache validation (PCV), which addresses the problem of maintaining cache coherency for proxy caches. The novel aspect of our approach is to capitalize on requests sent from the proxy cache to the server to improve coherency. In the simplest case, whenever a proxy cache has a reason to communicate with a server it piggybacks a list of cached, but potentially stale, resources from that server for validation. Trace-driven simulation of this mechanism on two large, independent data sets shows that PCV both provides stronger cache coherency and reduces the request traffic in comparison to the time-to-live (TTL) based techniques currently used. Specifically, in comparison to the best TTL-based policy, the best PCV-based policy reduces the number of request messages from a proxy cache to a server by 16-17% and the average cost (considering response latency, request messages and bandwidth) by 6-8%. Moreover, the best PCV policy reduces the staleness ratio by 57-65% in comparison to the best TTL-based policy. Additionally, the PCV policies can easily be implemented within the HTTP 1.1 protocol.