ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Methods for Artificial Evolution of Truly Cooperative Robots
Authors: Dario Floreano, Laurent Keller
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th International Work-Conference on Artificial Neural Networks: Part I: Bio-Inspired Systems: Computational and Ambient Intelligence (2009)

Cooperation applies the situations where two or more individuals obtain a net benefit by working together. Cooperation is widely spread in nature and takes several forms, ranging from behavioral coordination to sacrifice of one's own life for the benefit of the group. This latter form of cooperation is known as "true cooperation", or "altruism", and is found only in few cases. Truly cooperative robots would be very useful in conditions where unpredictable events may require costly actions by individual robots for the success of the mission. However, the interactions among robots sharing the same environment can affect in unexpected ways the behavior of individual robots, making very difficult the design of rules that produce stable cooperative behavior. It is thus interesting to examine under which conditions truly cooperative behavior evolves in nature and how those conditions can be translated into evolutionary algorithms that are applicable to a wide range of robotic situations.
Organic traffic light control for urban road networks
Authors: Holger Prothmann, Jurgen Branke, Hartmut Schmeck, Sven Tomforde, Fabian Rochner, Jorg Hahner, Christian Muller-Schloer
Venue: International Journal of Autonomous and Adaptive Communications Systems (2009)

In recent years, autonomic and organic computing have become areas of active research in the informatics community. Both initiatives aim at handling the growing complexity in technical systems by focusing on adaptation and self-optimisation capabilities. A promising application for organic concepts is the control of road traffic signals in urban areas. This article presents an organic approach to traffic light control in urban areas that exhibits adaptation and learning capabilities, allowing traffic lights to autonomously react on changing traffic conditions. A coordination mechanism for neighbouring traffic lights is presented that relies solely on locally available traffic data and communication among neighbouring intersections, resulting in a distributed and self-organising traffic system for urban areas. The organic system's efficiency is demonstrated in a simulation-based evaluation.
Automated visual surveillance in computer vision
Authors: B. Anandampilai, K. Krishnamoorthy
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th WSEAS international conference on Acoustics & music: theory & applications (2009)

The usefulness of networks of surveillance cameras is primarily limited by the demand placed on human supervisors to monitor many real time video feeds simultaneously. The goal of automated visual surveillance is to reduce the burden on operators by including software in a surveillance system that can analyze behavior automatically. This paper reviews progress in the field and considers some of the major remaining problems in automated video surveillance.
Evaluating Reachability Queries over Path Collections
Authors: Panagiotis Bouros, Spiros Skiadopoulos, Theodore Dalamagas, Dimitris Sacharidis, Timos Sellis
Venue: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management (2009)

Several applications in areas such as biochemistry, GIS, involve storing and querying large volumes of sequential data stored as path collections. There is a number of interesting queries that can be posed on such data. This work focuses on reachability queries: given a path collection and two nodes v s , v t , determine whether a path from v s to v t exists and identify it. To answer these queries, the path-first search paradigm, which treats paths as first-class citizens, is proposed. To improve the performance of our techniques, two indexing structures that capture the reachability information of paths are introduced. Further, methods for updating a path collection and its indices are discussed. Finally, an extensive experimental evaluation verifies the advantages of our approach.
Usability testing of e-learning: an approach incorporating co-discovery and think-aloud
Authors: T. F. (Funmi) Adebesin, M. R. (Ruth) de Villiers, Samuel Ssemugabi
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Annual Conference of the Southern African Computer Lecturers' Association (2009)

Computer applications developed to support learning in the cognitive domains are quite different from commercial transaction processing applications. The unique nature of such applications calls for different methods for evaluating their usability. This paper presents the application and refinement of the framework for usability testing of interactive e-learning applications proposed by Masemola & de Villiers [11]. In a pioneering usability testing study, we investigate the effectiveness of the think-aloud method when combined with co-discovery testing.
Nonparametric factor analysis with beta process priors
Authors: John Paisley, Lawrence Carin
Venue: Proceedings of the 26th Annual International Conference on Machine Learning (2009)

We propose a nonparametric extension to the factor analysis problem using a beta process prior. This beta process factor analysis (BP-FA) model allows for a dataset to be decomposed into a linear combination of a sparse set of factors, providing information on the underlying structure of the observations. As with the Dirichlet process, the beta process is a fully Bayesian conjugate prior, which allows for analytical posterior calculation and straightforward inference. We derive a varia-tional Bayes inference algorithm and demonstrate the model on the MNIST digits and HGDP-CEPH cell line panel datasets.
Distinctions Produce a Taxonomic Lattice: Are These the Units of Mentalese?
Authors: Andrew U. Frank
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on Formal Ontology in Information Systems: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference (FOIS 2006) (2006)

Ontologies describe a conceptualization of a part of the world relevant to some application. What are the units of conceptualizations? Current ontologies often equate concepts with words from natural languages. Words are certainly not the smallest units of conceptualization, neither are the sets of synonyms of WordNet or other linguistically justified units. I suggest to take distinctions as basic units and to construct concepts from them whereas other approaches start with concepts and discover properties that distinguish them. Distinctions separate concepts and produce a taxonomic lattice, which contains the named concepts together with other potential conceptual units. The taxa are organized in a superclass/subclass (better supertaxa/subtaxa) relation and for any two taxa there is always a single least common supertaxon. Algorithms to maintain such a taxonomic structure and methods to combine different taxonomies are shown, using a four valued (relevance) logic as introduced by Belnap [1]. The novel aspect of the method is that distinctions that are only meaningful in the context of other distinctions restrict the lattice of concepts to the meaningful subset. The approach is restricted to the is_a relation between classes; it relates to Formal Concept Analysis, but replaces the “formal attributes” with (necessary) distinctions and uses a four-valued logic. It stresses the focus of recent ontological studies like DOLCE or WonderWeb on qualities; it is expected that distinctions as introduced here for the is_a hierarchy influence the mereological aspects of an ontology (i.e., the part_of relation) and connect to Gibson's affordances [2] and contribute to the classification of operations.
Police Investigation Management System Based on the Workflow Technology
Authors: Jolanta Cybulka, Czesław Jędrzejek, Jacek Martinek
Venue: Proceeding of the 2008 conference on Legal Knowledge and Information Systems: JURIX 2008: The Twenty-First Annual Conference (2008)

We report on the research aimed at the creation of the system intended to support the investigators in their teamwork against the economic offenses. To achieve the goal, the workflow technology was employed. It enables the on-line management of the investigation processes carried out in practice. We propose to use the event calculus for modeling the crime processes, and we mention the accompanying research aimed at a creation of the core ontology of investigative and criminal processes.
A Scalable Governance Model for Autonomic M-Commerce
Authors: Martin Randles, A. Taleb-Bendiab
Venue: Proceeding of the 2008 conference on Techniques and Applications for Mobile Commerce: Proceedings of TAMoCo 2008 (2008)

The pervasiveness of computational systems capable of accomplishing electronic commerce over the Internet is rapidly increasing with devices routinely embedded in many everyday household objects. This in itself causes very complex network dynamics. When these devices or associated agents, programme code etc. are liberated from a set geographical location, through laptop computers and mobile phones for example, the control of such systems more than outstrips the capability of any human or currently conceived artificial system to provide all but the simplest features of self-governance as exemplified by autonomic management. This work addresses the need for autonomic type self-governance for these systems by seeking a scalable specification of autonomic systems/networks that is applicable to m-commerce scenarios. This involves the initial realization that the representation is best accomplished through cognitive systems portrayed in mathematical logic with the power to detect and characterize system properties at run time. The system hierarchy can then be viewed through ambient representation for appropriate monitoring leading to sensing and observation overlays that can achieve grounded definitions of system signals for run time self-governance and autonomic response.
Predictive methods for improved vehicular WiFi access
Authors: Pralhad Deshpande, Anand Kashyap, Chul Sung, Samir R. Das
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Mobile systems, applications, and services (2009)

With the proliferation of WiFi technology, many WiFi networks are accessible from vehicles on the road making vehicular WiFi access realistic. However, several challenges exist: long latency to establish connection to a WiFi access point (AP), lossy link performance, and frequent disconnections due to mobility. We argue that people drive on familiar routes frequently, and thus the mobility and connectivity related information along their drives can be predicted with good accuracy using historical information - such as GPS tracks with timestamps, RF fingerprints, and link and network-layer addresses of visible APs. We exploit such information to develop new handoff and data transfer strategies. The handoff strategy reduces the connection establishment latency and also uses pre-scripted handoffs triggered by change in vehicle location. The data transfer strategy speeds up download performance by using prefetching on the APs yet to be encountered. Experimental performance evaluation reveals that the predictability of mobility and connectivity is high enough to be useful in such protocols. In our experiments with a vehicular client accessing road-side APs, the handoff strategy improves download performance by roughly a factor of 2 relative to the state-of-the-art. The data transfer strategy further improves this performance by another factor of 2.5.
The EXC toolkit for real-world experiments with wireless multihop networks
Authors: Wolfgang Kiess, Thomas Ogilvie, Martin Mauve
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks (2008)

In this paper, we present a methodology and a toolkit to conduct tightly controlled real-world experiments in wireless multihop networks. The main features of our EXC toolkit are a plug-in architecture for easy integration of new functionality, simple scheduling of experiment runs, direct monitoring of experiments, easy management of node mobility, and high portability. EXC does not require specific hardware and can be used for investigating applications and algorithms in real-world environments. We explain the basic features of the toolkit and examine these by means of an experiment with a special focus on repeatability.
Design and implementation of a STANAG 5066 data rate change algorithm for high data rate autobaud waveforms
Authors: Stephan Schulze, Gerhard P. Hancke
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th WSEAS international conference on Electronics, hardware, wireless and optical communication (2009)

High Frequency (HF) communication systems have been used for more than a century. However, solutions have to be designed to facilitate data communication over HF. STANAG (NATO Standardisation Agreement) 5066 is one such solution which provides an application independent ARQ (Automatic Repeat Request) bearer service for client applications. This paper describes the design and simulation of a new Data Rate Change (DRC) algorithm that uses the SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) and the BER (Bit Error Rate) estimate to make a data rate choice. The DRC algorithm was implemented in a commercial STANAG 5066 system and tested using HF data modems and a simulated HF channel. The results of the implementation and testing show that the designed DRC algorithm gives a better performance, is quicker to adapt and is more robust than previous DRC algorithms. This is also the first DRC algorithm that has been designed to use channel information, such as the SNR and BER, to make a data rate choice.
Modeling and analysis of the type I power saving class in IEEE 802.16 with general traffic
Authors: Ming-Fang Chen, Hung-Yun Hsieh
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th Annual International Conference on Wireless Internet (2008)

IEEE 802.16 defines three types of power saving classes for supporting the sleep mode operations on mobile stations using different types of traffic. While related work has developed analytical models to evaluate the performance of the power saving operations in IEEE 802.16 networks, most of these endeavors are limited to the Poisson traffic model and hence their capability is limited in capturing the characteristics of the sleep mode operation under realistic traffic distributions. In this paper, we propose an analytic model for capturing the behaviors of IEEE 802.16 sleep mode operations under the type I power saving class with arbitrary traffic distribution, including the Pareto and 4IPP traffic models. We compare the proposed model against existing work, and explain how such a general model allows a better investigation of the impact of different traffic models on optimal performance of IEEE 802.16 power saving operations.
Enabling a Multilateral Distance Class between China, Korea and Japan: Effective Utilization of Networking Technologies
Authors: Yuri Nishihori, Keizo Nagaoka, Nozomu Nishinaga, Kenji Tanaka, Yuichi Yamamoto, Haruhiko Sato, Masahiro Harada, Ruimin Shen, Jinjin Feng, Myunghee Ju Kang
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on Learning by Effective Utilization of Technologies: Facilitating Intercultural Understanding (2006)

Our project investigates how a multilateral distance class can be facilitated between China, Korea and Japan through the use of interactive communication tools, including a high-quality video conferencing system, a text-based discussion system, and a network-based display-sharing system. The main objectives of our project are to implement high-quality, high-fidelity environments over long-distance broadband networks, and to provide students of EFL (English as a Foreign Language) in Asia with better chances for international understanding using a common language. With regard to the platforms for collaborative learning, Chat'n'Debate and Multi-Culture Box were created and used over the Japan Gigabit Network as well as the Internet. Results are reported based on the Principal Component Analysis of a questionnaire given to the participants in these three countries.
Forging New Frontiers: Fuzzy Pioneers II, 1st edition
Authors: Masoud Nikravesh, Masoud Nikravesh, Janusz Kacprzyk, Lotfi A. Zadeh
Venue: Studies In Fuzziness And Soft Computing (2007)

The 2005 BISC International Special Event-BISCSE 05 'FORGING THE FRONTIERS' was held in the University of California, Berkeley, WHERE FUZZY LOGIC BEGAN, from November 3 through 6, 2005. The successful applications of fuzzy logic and it s rapid growth suggest that the impact of fuzzy logic will be felt increasingly in coming years. Fuzzy logic is likely to play an especially important role in science and engineering, but eventually its influence may extend much farther. In many ways, fuzzy logic represents a significant paradigm shift in the aims of computing - a shift which reflects the fact that the human mind, unlike present day computers, possesses a remarkable ability to store and process information which is pervasively imprecise, uncertain and lacking in categoricity. The chapters of the book are evolved from presentations made by selected participants at the meeting and organized in two books. The papers include reports from the different front of soft computing in various industries and address the problems of different fields of research in fuzzy logic, fuzzy set and soft computing. The book provides a collection of forty four (44) articles in two volumes.
On-line precomputation algorithm for real-time haptic interaction with non-linear deformable bodies
Authors: Jiri Filipovic, Igor Peterlik, Ludek Matyska
Venue: Proceedings of the World Haptics 2009 - Third Joint EuroHaptics conference and Symposium on Haptic Interfaces for Virtual Environment and Teleoperator Systems (2009)

Soft tissue modelling is important in the realm of haptic interactions. The main challenge in this research area is to combine two basic conditions which are essential—the stability of the haptic interaction running on high refresh rate on one hand and realistic behavior of the tissue assuming computationally expensive mathematical models on the other.
Not on the Shelves
Authors: Greg Wilson
Venue: IEEE Software (2009)

Sometimes, the best way to figure out where you'd like to go is to imagine what you'll have when you get there…
Finger Pointing Using a Single Camera
Authors: Hironobu Nakayama, Rieko Kimura, Kunio Sakamoto
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on Advances in Intelligent IT: Active Media Technology 2006 (2006)

A finger pointing system is described that can specify the position of pointed target. A 3-D position is generally detected and measured using a stereo viewing. This pair of stereo images allows us to obtain the 3-D information about the object. However it is possible to estimate the position of fingertip using a single image without stereo images. The length of arm is approximately calculated from stature and shoulder length, then the 3-D position of fingertip is estimated using the geometric model of human. We have developed a prototype finger pointing system using a single camera and a personal computer. This paper proposes the measuring method of the position of finger using a single camera.
Quantum and Classical Query Complexities of Local Search Are Polynomially Related
Authors: Miklos Santha, Mario Szegedy
Venue: Algorithmica (2009)

Let f be an integer valued function on a finite set V. We call an undirected graph G(V,E) a neighborhood structure for f. The problem of finding a local minimum for f can be phrased as: for a fixed neighborhood structure G(V,E) find a vertex x&#x2208;V such that f(x) is not bigger than any value that f takes on some neighbor of x. The complexity of the algorithm is measured by the number of questions of the form &#x201c;what is the value of f on x?&#x201d; We show that the deterministic, randomized and quantum query complexities of the problem are polynomially related. This generalizes earlier results of Aldous (Ann. Probab. 11(2):403&#x2013;413, [1983]) and Aaronson (SIAM J. Comput. 35(4):804&#x2013;824, [2006]) and solves the main open problem in Aaronson (SIAM J. Comput. 35(4):804&#x2013;824, [2006]).
Robust image watermarking based on genetic algorithm in multiwavelet domain
Authors: Prayoth Kumsawat, Kitti Attakitmongcol, Arthit Srikaew
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th WSEAS international conference on Artificial intelligence, knowledge engineering and data bases (2009)

In this paper, we propose digital image watermarking algorithm in the multiwavelet transform domain. The embedding technique is based on the quantization index modulation technique and this technique does not require the original image in the watermark extraction. We have developed an optimization technique using the genetic algorithm to search for optimal quantization steps to improve the quality of watermarked image and robustness of the watermark. The experimental results show that the watermark survives to most of the attacks which were included in this study. We also compare our experimental results with the results of previous work.
Using software product lines for runtime interoperability
Authors: Norbert Siegmund, Mario Pukall, Michael Soffner, Veit Köppen, Gunter Saake
Venue: Proceedings of the Workshop on AOP and Meta-Data for Software Evolution (2009)

Today, often small, heterogeneous systems have to cooperate in order to fulfill a certain task. Interoperability between these systems is needed for their collaboration. However, achieving this interoperability raises several problems. For example, embedded systems might induce a higher probability for a system failure due to constrained power supply. Nevertheless, interoperability must be guaranteed even in scenarios where embedded systems are used. To overcome this problem, we use services to abstract the functionality from the system which realizes it. We outline how services can be generated using software product line techniques to bridge the heterogeneity of cooperating systems. Additionally, we address runtime changes of already deployed services to overcome system failures. In this paper, we show the runtime adaption process of these changes which includes the following two points. First, we outline why feature-oriented programming is appropriate in such scenarios. Second, we describe the runtime adaption process of services with feature-oriented programming.
Artificial intelligence and 'waves of complexity' for urban dynamics
Authors: Ning Wu, Elisabete A. Silva
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th WSEAS international conference on Artificial intelligence, knowledge engineering and data bases (2009)

Urban land use change is a complex and dynamic process. It is important to understand the complexity and dynamics in the change process of urban land (and choose correct data models) by analyzing the driving forces and its associated dynamics, in order to predict changes in the speed, intensity or trajectory (the process known as bifurcations or phase-transitions). For this purpose, this paper firstly demonstrates how artificial intelligence (AI) approaches provide solutions to aid urban land dynamics modelling. Then, we try to build the relationship among the three dimensions of urban land dynamics, planning support and AI infrastructure. Furthermore, we clarify the different solutions space provided by AI approaches with the waves of complexity in urban systems in order to understand how to choose the best data model to represent different phenomena in urban systems through the analysis of bifurcations and phase-transitions.