ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Image-based 3D photography using opacity hulls
Authors: Wojciech Matusik, Hanspeter Pfister, Addy Ngan, Paul Beardsley, Remo Ziegler, Leonard McMillan
Venue: ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) (2002)

We have built a system for acquiring and displaying high quality graphical models of objects that are impossible to scan with traditional scanners. Our system can acquire highly specular and fuzzy materials, such as fur and feathers. The hardware set-up consists of a turntable, two plasma displays, an array of cameras, and a rotating array of directional lights. We use multi-background matting techniques to acquire alpha mattes of the object from multiple viewpoints. The alpha mattes are used to construct an opacity hull. The opacity hull is a new shape representation, defined as the visual hull of the object with view-dependent opacity. It enables visualization of complex object silhouettes and seamless blending of objects into new environments. Our system also supports relighting of objects with arbitrary appearance using surface reflectance fields, a purely image-based appearance representation. Our system is the first to acquire and render surface reflectance fields under varying illumination from arbitrary viewpoints. We have built three generations of digitizers with increasing sophistication. In this paper, we present our results from digitizing hundreds of models.
Unit testing frameworks
Authors: Robert E. Noonan, Richard H. Prosl
Venue: ACM SIGCSE Bulletin (2002)

In this paper we explore frameworks for performing unit testing in Java. The vehicle for this exploration is a student-written, skeleton program developed for the Computer Graphics course. Our analysis of this one experiment leads us to speculate what benefits in program development and design might accrue by requiring students to unit test their own programs.
Rumor routing algorthim for sensor networks
Authors: David Braginsky, Deborah Estrin
Venue: Proceedings of the 1st ACM international workshop on Wireless sensor networks and applications (2002)

Advances in micro-sensor and radio technology will enable small but smart sensors to be deployed for a wide range of environmental monitoring applications. In order to constrain communication overhead, dense sensor networks call for new and highly efficient methods for distributing queries to nodes that have observed interesting events in the network. A highly efficient data-centric routing mechanism will offer significant power cost reductions [17], and improve network longevity. Moreover, because of the large amount of system and data redundancy possible, data becomes disassociated from specific node and resides in regions of the network [10][7][8]. This paper describes and evaluates through simulation a scheme we call Rumor Routing, which allows for queries to be delivered to events in the network. Rumor Routing is tunable, and allows for tradeoffs between setup overhead and delivery reliability. It's intended for contexts in which geographic routing criteria are not applicable because a coordinate system is not available or the phenomenon of interest is not geographically correlated.
Illustrator 9 F/X and Design with Cdrom
Authors: Sherry London
Venue:  (2000)

:Updates the popular Illustrator&Acirc;&reg; 8 f/x and Design and includes new and improved projects that cover the latest upgrades and enhancements to Illustrator. Real-world projects let readers apply their knowledge first hand by creating intricate illustrations and compositing techniques. Includes new information and projects on styles and effects, how to integrate with Adobe&Acirc;&reg; Web products like LiveMotion™ and GoLive™, and other enhanced features. Helps Illustrator users create dynamic graphics for use in print or Web use. Features a 32-page color studio that illustrates how the reader's artwork created from the projects will appear when completed.
Guide to Webcams
Authors: Jason Byrne
Venue:  (2000)

:Want to talk face-to-face with your relatives in Rhode Island while sitting in front or your computer in California? How about checking in on your kids at the daycare center from your laptop? Or does your business need a new way to market its products and services on the Web? You can do all these things-and many more-with a webcam. Digital video cameras, or "webcams," have become an increasingly popular method of communicating across the Internet, and encompass a growing number of useful applications. Guide to Webcams is written as a definitive introduction to this exciting technology. Like computers, webcams are simply tools, and this book will ensure you use the right tools for the job. You'll learn how to recognize the different types of cams and the merits of each. You'll also learn how to choose the best computer to run your webcam application, set up the necessary software, connect to the Internet, and even design your webcam web site. Guide to Webcams covers it all. There are also sections on: Video e-mail Special cams Streaming video Internet video conferencing Setting up business web sites Security and legal issues
Windows 2000 Active Directory Design and Migration
Authors: Gary L. Olsen
Venue:  (2000)

:This book focuses on the design of a Windows 2000 environment, and how to develop an effective design and migration plan. You are lead through the process of developing a design plan by reviewing each pertinent issue, and provides expert advice on how to evaluate each issue as it applies to the your particular environment. Practical examples illustrate all these issues. The book begins with detailed coverage of how to evaluate the current network environment – what issues need to be considered, and how to evaluate those issues. Next, the process of developing a migration plan is explored. The book then examines how to develop a Windows 2000 environment, sharing the insight gained by actual deployments from RDP members. Next, the book discusses how to evaluate both the migration and development plans, making sure that all potential pitfalls have been avoided. It closes with a discussion of the future of Active Directory.
Solution of Degenerate Convection-Diffusion Problems by the Method of Characteristics
Authors: J. Kacur
Venue: SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis (2001)

A new approximation scheme is proposed to solve nonlinear degenerate convection-diffusion problems. The method is based on a relaxation scheme developed for degenerate parabolic problems in [W. Jäger and J. Kacur, Numer. Math., 60 (1991), pp. 407--427; M2AN Math. Model. Numer. Anal., 29 (1995), pp. 605--627], and on the method of characteristics [J. Douglas and T. I. Russell, SIAM J. Numer. Anal., 19 (1982), pp. 871--885], [O. Pironneau, Numer. Math., 38 (1982), pp. 309--332].
The Kingmakers: Venture Capital and the Money behind the Net
Authors: Karen Southwick
Venue:  (2001)

:"In The Kingmakers, Karen Southwick, noted journalist and the Executive Editor of Forbes ASAP, strips away the veil of secrecy surrounding the venture capital industry to offer the first behind-the-scenes look at the individuals who populate it and the nitty-gritty details of how they work - and to profile some of their most spectacular successes and failures of recent years. She also doesn't hesitate to examine how venture capital excesses contributed to the dot-com demise and suggests ways the industry could reform itself."--BOOK JACKET.
Open source development and the World Wide Web: a certain tension
Authors: Chad Davis, Coskun Bayrak
Venue: ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes (2002)

The development of the World Wide Web over the course of the past ten years has run rampant. The course it has taken has been both swift and unpredictable. The largest distributed system in the world began as a utopian notion of an interconnected and open web of information, the dream of the academic and intellectual alike. Today it is indeed a massive interconnected web of communication and content, but the content, largely on the more popular, if not pornographic, end of the mass media spectrum, is not what the founders intended.Coinciding with the rapid growth of the web has been the equally speedy rise of the open source development community, which can best be understood as a distributed system in its own right. Indeed, the development of the web has been, outside of the Linux project, the largest arena for open source development. And current trends, witnessed by such significant open source projects as Mozilla and Apache, seem to suggest that the open source way of doing things is quickly becoming the web way of doing things. However, there is a certain tension growing between those who would like to control, for economic profit or for the gratification of control itself, the direction of the web's development and those open source developers who are responsible for a large portion of that growth. This paper explores the natural relationship, as well as the growing tension within this relationship, between the open source development community and the World Wide Web.
Explicit Observability Inequalities for the Wave Equation with Lower Order Terms by Means of Carleman Inequalities
Authors: Xu Zhang
Venue: SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization (2000)

In this paper, by means of Carleman estimates and the usual energy estimate, we obtain directly two observability inequalities for the linear wave equation with time-variant nonsmooth lower order terms. We do not need any unique continuation property of the linear equation a priori, since this is actually one of the by-products of our analysis. Furthermore, the constant in the observability inequality is estimated by an explicit function of the norm of the involved coefficients in the equation. Also, we apply our observability estimates to exact controllability for wave equations.
An asymmetric dialysis tube as an integrated part of a pressure-monitoring sensor
Authors: Roger Andersson, Per Ask
Venue: Technology and Health Care (2001)

A sensor has been designed consisting of a tube holder with a force transducer and a tube with a modified cross-section. The holder has a lid that encloses the tube. By having a stiff holder and a compliant tube, the idea is that the intraluminal pressure in the tube can be obtained from the measured force. The method is intended for non-invasive pressure measurements in blood or dialysate tubes. We have used a tube cross-sectional geometry where the outer surface is elliptic and the inner surface is circular with a relation of 2:1 between the thinnest and thickest tube sides. The pressure transducer system shows a linear relationship between the applied pressure and the sensor output (r=0.999). Within the temperature range, 32&deg;--36&deg;C, which corresponds to the blood and dialysate temperatures, the sensor accuracy is within &plusmn; 0.8 kPa (&plusmn; 6 mm Hg). This indicates that the sensor should be clinically useful during dialysis and similar applications.
Index Concepts for Linear Mixed Systems of Differential-Algebraic and Hyperbolic-Type Equations
Authors: Michael Günther, Yvonne Wagner
Venue: SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing (2000)

For many technical systems, the use of a refined network modeling approach leads to hyperbolic-type initial-boundary value problems of partial differential-algebraic equations (PDAEs). The boundary conditions of these systems are governed by time-dependent differential-algebraic equations (DAEs) that couple the PDAE system with the network elements that are modeled by DAEs in time only. In order to classify these systems, we extend some index notions that have already been introduced to treat parabolic-type problems. A perturbation index is considered that reflects the sensitivity of the mixed system to slight perturbations in the right-hand side of the PDAEs, as well as in the input signals of the DAE systems and initial values. In order to make an a posteriori analysis of semidiscretization in space and time, we introduce additionally a space and a method of lines (MOL) index. Here one is especially interested in whether the semidiscretized systems properly reflect the properties of the underlying systems. We will show that these indices may detect an artificial sensitivity with respect to perturbations, e.g., if the semidiscretization does not consider the information transport along the characteristics.
Discretizations for the Incompressible Navier--Stokes Equations Based on the Lattice Boltzmann Method
Authors: Michael Junk, Axel Klar
Venue: SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing (2000)

A discrete velocity model with spatial and velocity discretization based on a lattice Boltzmann method is considered in the low Mach number limit. A uniform numerical scheme for this model is investigated. In the limit, the scheme reduces to a finite difference scheme for the incompressible Navier--Stokes equation, which is a projection method with a second order spatial discretization on a regular grid. The discretization is analyzed and the method is compared to Chorin's original spatial discretization. Numerical results supporting the analytical statements are presented.
Learning Recursive Bayesian Multinets for Data Clustering by Means of Constructive Induction
Authors: Jose M. Peña, Jose A. Lozano, Pedro Larrañaga
Venue: Machine Learning (2002)

This paper introduces and evaluates a new class of knowledge model, the recursive Bayesian multinet (RBMN), which encodes the joint probability distribution of a given database. RBMNs extend Bayesian networks (BNs) as well as partitional clustering systems. Briefly, a RBMN is a decision tree with component BNs at the leaves. A RBMN is learnt using a greedy, heuristic approach akin to that used by many supervised decision tree learners, but where BNs are learnt at leaves using constructive induction. A key idea is to treat expected data as real data. This allows us to complete the database and to take advantage of a closed form for the marginal likelihood of the expected complete data that factorizes into separate marginal likelihoods for each family (a node and its parents). Our approach is evaluated on synthetic and real-world databases.
On the dependence structure of certain multi-dimensional Ito processes and corresponding hitting times
Authors: Nader Ebrahimi
Venue: Journal of Multivariate Analysis (2002)

A direct approach to derive dependence properties among components of multi-dimensional stochastic processes has been discussed by N. Ebrahimi (1994, J. Multivariate Anal. 50, 55-67). Dependence properties among hitting times involving multi-dimensional stochastic processes has been initiated by N. Ebrahimi (1987, J. Appl. Probab. 24, 115-122) and explored further by N. Ebrahimi and T. Ramalingham (1988, J. Appl. Probab. 25, 355-362; 1989, J. Appl. Probab. 26, 287-295). Let X(t) = (X1(t),..., Xk(t)) be an Ito process assuming values in Rk. In this article, under certain conditions, we show that the process X(t) has a certain dependence structure. We also consider the first passage problem involving X(t) and discuss the dependence structure among hitting times of X1(t),..., and Xk(t).
Montgomery Multiplier and Squarer for a Class of Finite Fields
Authors: Huapeng Wu
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (2002)

Montgomery multiplication in {\rm GF}(2^m) is defined by a(x)b(x)r^{-1}(x)\bmod{f(x)}, where the field is generated by a root of the irreducible polynomial f(x), a(x) and b(x) are two field elements in {\rm GF}(2^m), and r(x) is a fixed field element in {\rm GF}(2^m). In this paper, first, a slightly generalized Montgomery multiplication algorithm in {\rm GF}(2^m) is presented. Then, by choosing r(x) according to f(x), we show that efficient architectures of bit-parallel Montgomery multiplier and squarer can be obtained for the fields generated with an irreducible trinomial. Complexities of the Montgomery multiplier and squarer in terms of gate counts and time delay of the circuits are investigated and found to be as good as or better than that of previous proposals for the same class of fields.
UST/DME: a clock tree router for general skew constraints
Authors: Chung-wen Albert Tsao, Cheng-kok Koh
Venue: ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems (TODAES) (2002)

In this article, we propose new approaches for solving the useful-skew tree (UST) routing problem [Xi and Dai 1997]: clock routing subject to general skew constraints. The clock layout synthesis engine of our UST algorithms is based on the deferred-merge embedding (DME) paradigm for the zero-skew tree (ZST) [Edahiro 1992; Chao et al. 1992] and bounded-skew tree (BST) [Cong and Koh 1995; Huang et al. 1995; Kahng and Tsao 1997; Cong et al. 1998] routings; hence, the names UST/DME and Greedy-UST/DME for our UST algorithms. Our novel contribution is that we simultaneously perform skew scheduling and tree routing so that each local skew range is incrementally refined to a skew value that minimizes the wirelength increase during the bottom-up merging phase of DME. As a result, not only is the skew schedule feasible, but also the wirelength increase is minimized at each merging step of clock tree construction. The experimental results show very encouraging improvement over the previous BST/DME algorithm on three ISCAS89 benchmarks under general skew constraints in terms of total routing wirelength.
Striving for mathematical thinking
Authors: Peter B. Henderson, Doug Baldwin, Venu Dasigi, Marcel Dupras, Jane Fritz, David Ginat, Don Goelman, John Hamer, Lew Hitchner, Will Lloyd, Bill Marion,  Jr., Charles Riedesel, Henry Walker
Venue: ACM SIGCSE Bulletin (2001)

Computer science and software engineering are young, maturing disciplines. As with other mathematically based disciplines, such as the natural sciences, economics, and engineering, it takes time for the mathematical roots to grow and flourish. For computer science and software engineering, others have planted these seeds over many years, and it is our duty to nurture them. This working group is dedicated to promoting mathematics as an important tool for problem-solving and conceptual understanding in computing.
Book Reviews
Authors: Bob O'Malley
Venue: SIAM Review (2001)

This issue's featured reviews of three new books on ordinary differential equations are written by specialists Reinhard Sch&auml;fke and Ferdinand Verhulst. The monographs by Carmen Chicone and by Po-Fang Hsieh and Yasutaka Sibuya present quite different approaches toward the basic subject, while the third book by Werner Balser emphasizes some sophisticated new asymptotics. I expected the two reviewers might report quite different approaches to these books, but that didn't materialize, so my idea of having a follow-up dialogue between the reviewers was unnecessary (in addition to being prevented by imminent (stretched) publication deadlines). Curiously, Math Reviews published a lively feature review (2000g:34001) of Hsieh and Sibuya by Chicone, which is recommended for your perusal. As you would anticipate, reviewers don't always have purely positive attitudes toward the books they review. The result is that authors and publishers are sometimes troubled by criticisms contained in our reviews. I hope you will mostly agree, however, that we value the honest and fair opinions and recommendations that we publish. Purchasers and readers ultimately make their personal decisions about the pluses and minuses of individual books, which are naturally not unanimous. We again thank our many reviewers for their efforts and their advice. We would also like to encourage many to whom we've sent books for review to send us their reports while they are still timely.
Official Xenogears Strategy Guide
Authors: Ronald Wartow
Venue:  (1998)

:BradyGAMES is the exclusive publisher of the official guide for Xenogears, a new video game by the makers of the successful Final Fantasy VII. Xenogears features exquisite hand-drawn and computer-generated animation story scenes, giant fighting robot action, and unique battle sequences.
On the iterative solution of adjoint equations
Authors: Michael B. Giles
Venue: Automatic differentiation of algorithms: from simulation to optimization (2000)

This chapter considers the iterative solution of the adjoint equations which arise in the context of design optimisation. It is shown that nave adjoining of the iterative solution of the original linearised equations results in an adjoint code which cannot be interpreted as an iterative solution of the adjoint equations. However, this can be achieved through appropriate algebraic manipulations. This is important in design optimisation because one can reduce the computational cost by starting the adjoint iteration from the adjoint solution obtained in the previous design step.
Wave: interactive color graphics for waveform analysis
Authors: Fred E. Robbins, William G. Green
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques (1975)

WAVE, an interactive color graphics software system for Waveform Analysis Visualization and Edification, is an evolving software interface between an Anagraph Color Graphics System, a CDC 6400/7600 computer configuration, and User Application programs coded in standard FORTRAN source language.WAVE, when mated with the user application modules provides a complete specialized interactive graphical analysis system. The system features:&bull; Full interaction of user with program operation via keyboard/trackball inputs;&bull; A large repertoire of viewing and display options for interactive selection;&bull; Interactive storage and retrieval of displays and off-line or job-to-job capabilities available through magnetic tape;&bull; A variety of methods for the retrieval of analytical information;&bull; Automatic adjustment of scaling, centering, and other detailed viewing parameters to maximize user convenience;&bull; Application program options displayed in user terminology to minimize learning time;&bull; Modular construction to facilitate addition of new application modules.The WAVE program is readily modified to meet specialized user requirements. Several applications of the WAVE system are currently operational at the Ballistic Missile Defense Advanced Technology Center's (BMDATC) Advanced Research Center (ARC) in Huntsville, Alabama. The WAVE technique has been applied comprehensively to the problem of radar ambiguity analysis and clutter rejection. Other applications of WAVE are currently in progress or have been less comprehensively developed.
Macromedia Flash 5 Design: From Concept to Creation with Cdrom
Authors: Epic Software, Prima Development, Jamsa Media Group
Venue:  (2000)

:In Flash 5 Design: From Concept to Creation, successive chapters build on each other to provide a foundation for understanding Flash. This book, written by a team of Flash experts, demonstrates the creation of more than 20 sample Web sites that use Flash in exciting ways to solve specific graphics challenges, such as designing an animated shopping cart or multimedia game. The companion Web site provides all the graphics and sound files needed to build these Flash files. This book is geared toward users who have some experience with Web or graphic design, but might be new to Flash. The accompanying CD contains a special interactive multimedia piece about the book, which includes sample applications as well as links to Flash resources on the Web.
3D Studio MAX Release 2.5 f/x & Design, 10th edition
Authors: Jon A. Bell, Scot Tumlin, Michael Spaw
Venue:  (1997)

:Provides tools to create such effects as animation, illusion, camoulflage, illumination, and simulation. Presents effects techniques in step-by-step tutorials. Includes several effects-filled AVI-format animation files that describe ways to break each complex scene into its component shots.