ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
A synthesis course in hardware architecture, compilers, and software engineering
Authors: Shimon Schocken, Noam Nisan, Michal Armoni
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th ACM technical symposium on Computer science education (2009)

We describe a synthesis course that provides a hands-on treatment of many hardware and software topics learned in computer science (CS) programs. Using a modular series of twelve projects, we walk the students through the gradual construction of a simple hardware platform and a modern software hierarchy, yielding a basic yet powerful computer system. In the process of building the computer, the students gain a first-hand understanding of how hardware and software systems are designed and how they work together, as one enterprise. The course web site contains all the materials necessary to run this course in open source, and students and instructors are welcome to use and extend them freely. The course projects are modular and self-contained, and any subset of them can be implemented in any order and in any programming language. Therefore, they comprise a flexible library of exercises that can be used in many applied CS courses. This paper gives a description of the approach and the course, juxtaposed against general educational principles underlying meaningful learning.
The Design of LQR Controller Based on Independent Mode Space for Active Vibration Control
Authors: Jingjun Zhang, Lili He, Ercheng Wang, Ruizhen Gao
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Advances in Computation and Intelligence (2008)

Piezoelectric materials are finding increasing applications in active vibration control of flexible structures. The active vibration control for the laminated plane bonded with piezoelectric sensors and actuators is researched in this paper. A set of vibration control equations, sensing equations and actuating equations are derived through using the modal theory for piezoelectric flexible structures, then the model is converted into the state space form. A LQR controller is designed based on the independent mode space control techniques. Finally, the paper takes a piezoelectric cantilever beam as an example, and the simulation results demonstrate the controller is able to suppress efficiently the flexible structure's vibration with piezoelectric sensors and actuators.
Sound Reproduction System Robust against Environmental Variation by Switching Control Band Range
Authors: Yosuke Tatekura, Takeshi Watanabe
Venue: IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences (2008)

A robust multichannel sound reproduction system that utilizes the relationship between the width of the actual control area and the control frequency of the control points is proposed. The reproduction accuracy of a conventional sound reproduction system is reduced by room environment variations when fixed inverse filter coefficients are used. This tendency becomes more significant when control points are arranged more closely. To resolve this problem, the frequency control band at every control point is switched to avoid degrading the reproduced sound in low frequencies, so the pass band range of the control points at both ears is only high-range. That of the other control points is the entire control range. Numerical simulation with real environmental data showed that improvement of the reproduction accuracy is about 6.1 dB on average, even with a temperature fluctuation of 5°C as an environmental variation in the listening room.
Automatic Speech Recognition Used for Intelligibility Assessment of Text-to-Speech Systems
Authors: Robert Vích, Jan Nouza, Martin Vondra
Venue: Verbal and Nonverbal Features of Human-Human and Human-Machine Interaction: COST Action 2102 International Conference, Patras, Greece, October 29-31, 2007. Revised Papers (2008)

Speech intelligibility is the most important parameter in evaluation of speech quality. In the contribution, a new objective intelligibility assessment of general speech processing algorithms is proposed. It is based on automatic recognition methods developed for discrete and fluent speech processing. The idea is illustrated on two case studies: a) comparison of listening evaluation of Czech rhyme tests with automatic discrete speech recognition and b) automatic continuous speech recognition of general topic Czech texts read by professional and nonprofessional speakers vs. the same texts generated by several Czech Text-to-Speech systems. The aim of the proposed approach is fast and objective intelligibility assessment of Czech Text-to-Speech systems, which include male and female voices and a voice conversion module.
Interactive jamming with Shimon: a social robotic musician
Authors: Gil Weinberg, Aparna Raman, Trishul Mallikarjuna
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th ACM/IEEE international conference on Human robot interaction (2009)

The paper introduces Shimon: a socially interactive and improvisational robotic marimba player. It presents the interaction schemes used by Shimon in the realization of an interactive musical jam session among human and robotic musicians.
Secure Video Multicast Based on Desynchronized Fingerprint and Partial Encryption
Authors: Zhongxuan Liu, Shiguo Lian, Josselin Gautier, Ronggang Wang, Zhen Ren, Haila Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th International Workshop on Digital Watermarking (2008)

Recently, a collusion resilient video fingerprint method has been proposed utilizing desynchronization. But a question has not been considered for this method: secure transmission for multicast / broadcast. Because every copies using this method have different desynchronization, all the traditional fingerprint broadcasting techniques do not work. In this paper, we propose a method for securely broadcasting desynchronized video copies. The video is firstly lengthened and partially encrypted in the sender side and broadcasted to every user, and then on the receiver side, the video is desynchronized and embedded by fingerprint, and then decrypted. We give a method to implement this for MPEG-2 stream. Experiments indicate the effectiveness of the fingerprinted copies for collusion robustness and the efficiency of transportation. Security of the system is also analyzed with probable attacks and corresponding solution is proposed.
Grown Up Digital: How the Net Generation is Changing Your World HC, 1 edition
Authors: Don Tapscott
Venue:  (2008)

SELECTED AS A 2008 BEST BUSINESS BOOK OF THE YEAR BY THE ECONOMIST. . The Net Generation Has Arrived. . Are you ready for it?. . Chances are you know a person between the ages of 11 and 30. You've seen them doing five things at once: texting friends, downloading music, uploading videos, watching a movie on a two-inch screen, and doing who-knows-what on Facebook or MySpace. They're the first generation to have literally grown up digital--and they're part of a global cultural phenomenon that's here to stay.. . The bottom line is this: If you understand the Net Generation, you will understand the future. . . If you're a Baby Boomer or Gen-Xer: This is your field guide.. . A fascinating inside look at the Net Generation, Grown Up Digital is inspired by a $4 million private research study. New York Times bestselling author Don Tapscott has surveyed more than 11,000 young people. Instead of a bunch of spoiled screenagers with short attention spans and zero social skills, he discovered a remarkably bright community which has developed revolutionary new ways of thinking, interacting, working, and socializing.. . Grown Up Digital reveals:. . How the brain of the Net Generation processes information . Seven ways to attract and engage young talent in the workforce. Seven guidelines for educators to tap the Net Gen potential. Parenting 2.0: There's no place like the new home . Citizen Net: How young people and the Internet are transforming democracy. . Today's young people are using technology in ways you could never imagine. Instead of passively watching television, the Net Geners are actively participating in the distribution of entertainment and information. For the first time in history, youth are the authorities on something really important. And they're changing every aspect of our society-from the workplace to the marketplace, from the classroom to the living room, from the voting booth to the Oval Office.. . The Digital Age is here. The Net Generation has arrived. Meet the future..
Density functional theory study of first-layer adsorption of ZrO2 and HfO2 on Ge(100)
Authors: T. J. Grassman, S. R. Bishop, A. C. Kummel
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2009)

Density functional theory was used to performed a survey of transition metal oxide (MO"2=ZrO"2, HfO"2) ordered molecular adsorbate bonding configurations on the Ge(100)-4x2 surface. Surface binding geometries of metal-down (O-M-Ge) and oxygen-down (M-O-Ge) were considered, including both adsorbate and displacement geometries of M-O-Ge. Calculated enthalpies of adsorption show that bonding geometries with metal-Ge bonds (O-M-Ge) are essentially degenerate with oxygen-Ge bonding (M-O-Ge). Calculated electronic structures indicate that adsorbate surface bonding geometries of the form O-M-Ge tend to create a metallic interfaces, while M-O-Ge geometries produce, in general, much more favorable electronic structures. Hydrogen passivation of both oxygen and metal dangling bonds was found to improve the electronic structure of both types of MO"2 adsorbate systems, and induced the opening of true semiconducting band gaps for the adsorbate-type M-O-Ge geometries. Shifts observed in the DOS minima for both O-M-Ge and M-O-Ge adsorbate geometries are consistent with surface band bending induced by the adsorbate films, where such band bending extends much further into the Ge substrate than can be modeled by the Ge slabs used in this work.
Packet Error Rate of Zigbee under the Interference of RFID
Authors: Junjie Chen, Jianqiu Zeng, Yuchen Zhou
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Advanced Computer Control (2009)

In this paper, packet error rate (PER) of Zigbee (IEEE 802.15.4) under the interference of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is analyzed by establishing a mathematical model of the mutual interference. This proposed model takes PHY (such as the channel model, the transmitted power, the spreading and the modulation) and MAC (such as CSMA/CA, the traffic load and the packet format) into account. PER is derived from the bit error rate (BER) and the collision time. Finally, the theoretical analysis is justified by the simulation.
Entity Framework Tutorial
Authors: Joydip Kanjilal
Venue:  (2008)

Take your ADO.NET knowledge to the next level and build a better data layer with this clear tutorial to the Entity Framework. This book is for C# developers who want an easier way to create their data access layer. You will need to be comfortable with ADO.NET, but you don't need to know anything about the Entity Framework. Along the way we will create some ASP.NET applications, so being familiar with this will also help.
Mutual adaptation among man and machine by using f-MRI analysis
Authors: Ryu Kato, Hiroshi Yokoi, Alejandro Hernandez Arieta, Wenwei Yu, Tamio Arai
Venue: Robotics and Autonomous Systems (2009)

A prosthetic device for disabled people requires new and reliable robotics technology. This paper describes the interesting reaction of our brain to an adaptable prosthetic system. The adaptable prosthetic system is composed of an EMG signal controlled robot hand with an EMG pattern recognition learning function for Transradial (below elbow) prostheses. The mutual adaptation between the system and the human body is analyzed using functional magnetic resonance imaging (f-MRI) in order to clarify the plasticity of the motor and sensory cortex area according to the changes in the prosthetic system. The developed prosthetic hand has 13 DOF: three motors on the thumb, two motors for each finger, and two motors for the wrist. The tactile feedback is applied by using surface electrical stimulus. The f-MRI data shows the process of replacement from a phantom limb image to the prosthetic hand image.
Unsupervised Satellite Image Segmentation by Combining SA Based Fuzzy Clustering with Support Vector Machine
Authors: Anirban Mukhopadhyay, Ujjwal Maulik
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Seventh International Conference on Advances in Pattern Recognition (2009)

Fuzzy clustering is an important tool for unsupervised pixel classification in remotely sensed satellite images. In this article, a Simulated Annealing (SA) based fuzzy clustering method is developed and combined with popular Support vector Machine (SVM) classifier to fine tune the clustering produced by SA for obtaining an improved clustering performance. The performance of the proposed technique has been compared with that of some other well-known algorithms for an IRS satellite image of the city of Kolkata and its superiority has been demonstrated quantitatively and visually.
Impact of school district demographics and financial status on E-Rate funding: Analysis of Pennsylvania data for 1999 and 2004
Authors: Krishna Jayakar, Eun-A Park
Venue: Telecommunications Policy (2009)

The E-Rate program was mandated by the 1996 Telecommunications Act to bridge the gap in telecommunications and internet access between rich and poor communities in the United States. Though the funding process embraces specific formulas to direct support at the most needy schools and school districts, a concern has been raised that the complex, multi-stage application process may prevent some school districts from availing themselves of E-Rate funds due to lack of technical expertise and administrative support. The objective of the paper is to assess the cumulative impact of these two contradictory effects. Changes in funding patterns over time are also examined. Data on all E-Rate projects where the recipient is a school district were collected for two years, 1999 and 2004, for the state of Pennsylvania. Results show that E-Rate funding was significantly positively correlated with the poverty rate and percentage of minority students fulfilling the policy intent, but school districts receiving more revenue per student also obtained higher E-Rate support. Location too was found to be a significant predictor of E-Rate funding. The policy implications of these findings are discussed in the conclusion.
Simulating inventory systems with forecast based policy updating
Authors: Manuel Rossetti, Vijith Varghese, Mehmet Miman, Edward Pohl
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Winter Simulation (2008)

This paper presents an object oriented framework that facilitates modeling inventory systems whose policy updating is driven by forecast estimates. In an inventory system, the forecast estimates and the forecast error measures are used to set the inventory policy. A simulation approach can address questions regarding the choice of the forecasting technique and the frequency of updating the policy, especially in non-stationary demand scenarios. This paper discusses how the framework can be used to develop simulation models through which these questions can be addressed. In addition, two examples illustrate how to use the framework and how to analyze supply chains with forecast based policy updating.
How computer science serves the developing world
Authors: M. Bernardine Dias, Eric Brewer
Venue: Communications of the ACM (2009)

Information and communication technology for development can greatly improve quality of life for the world's neediest people.
Handling of true and pseudo wideband speech signals in automatic speech recognition
Authors: Mohamed-Ali Ben Salah, Jean Monné, Denis Jouvet, Régine André-Obrecht
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th conference on Signal, Speech and image processing (2008)

It is well known that automatic speech recognition systems that process wideband speech perform better than those processing narrowband one. Nevertheless, in order to take advantage from the wideband benefit, the problem of coexistence of true and pseudo wideband speech signals must be taken into account, where pseudo wideband signals are referred as data sampled at 16 kHz for a bandwidth of 0-4000 Hz only. In this paper, a series of speaker-independent, continuous speech phoneme recognition experiments have been carried out using the BREF80 and ESTER French corpus to quantify the problem of coexistence. An approach for solving it is proposed and it is based on the identification of the type of the signal. Then, once the signal type is identified, the system responds with the appropriate speech recognition model. The signal type identification uses a new acoustic description of the 16 kHz sampled signals and reaches a high identification rate.
Ontological approach to development of computing with words based systems
Authors: Marek Reformat, Cuong Ly
Venue: International Journal of Approximate Reasoning (2009)

Computing with words introduced by Zadeh becomes a very important concept in processing of knowledge represented in the form of propositions. Two aspects of this concept - approximation and personalization - are essential to the process of building intelligent systems for human-centric computing. For the last several years, Artificial Intelligence community has used ontology as a means for representing knowledge. Recently, the development of a new Internet paradigm - the Semantic Web - has led to introduction of another form of ontology. It allows for defining concepts, identifying relationships among these concepts, and representing concrete information. In other words, an ontology has become a very powerful way of representing not only information but also its semantics. The paper proposes an application of ontology, in the sense of the Semantic Web, for development of computing with words based systems capable of performing operations on propositions including their semantics. The ontology-based approach is very flexible and provides a rich environment for expressing different types of information including perceptions. It also provides a simple way of personalization of propositions. An architecture of computing with words based system is proposed. A prototype of such a system is described.
Particle swarm optimization and two solution representations for solving the capacitated vehicle routing problem
Authors: The Jin Ai, Voratas Kachitvichyanukul
Venue: Computers and Industrial Engineering (2009)

This paper presents two solution representations and the corresponding decoding methods for solving the capacitated vehicle routing problem (CVRP) using particle swarm optimization (PSO). The first solution representation (SR-1) is a (n+2m)-dimensional particle for CVRP with n customers and m vehicles. The decoding method for this representation starts with the transformation of particle into a priority list of customer to enter route and a priority matrix of vehicle to serve each customer. The vehicle routes are then constructed based on the customer priority list and vehicle priority matrix. The second representation (SR-2) is a 3m-dimensional particle. The decoding method for this representation starts with the transformation of particle into the vehicle orientation points and the vehicle coverage radius. The vehicle routes are constructed based on these points and radius. The proposed representations are applied using GLNPSO, a PSO algorithm with multiple social learning structures, and tested using some benchmark problems. The computational result shows that representation SR-2 is better than representation SR-1 and also competitive with other methods for solving CVRP.
Development of click modules: DSRED and SDRED algorithms
Authors: Dmitry Kulyabov, Anna Korolkova, Migran Gevorkyan
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th conference on Applied informatics and communications (2008)

The objective of this work is development of two modules. These modules implement two discipline of Active Queue Management - DSRED and SDRED.
Dynamic, context-aware, least-privilege grid delegation
Authors: Mehran Ahsant, Jim Basney, Lennart Johnsson
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Grid Computing (2007)

Performing delegation in large scale, dynamic and distributed environments with large numbers of shared resources is more challenging than inside local administrative domains. In dynamic environments like Grids, on one hand, delegating a restricted set of rights reduces exposure to attack but also limits the flexibility and dynamism of the application; on the other hand, delegating all rights provides maximum flexibility but increases exposure. This issue has not yet been adequately addressed by current Grid security mechanisms and is becoming a very challenging and crucial issue for future Grid development. Therefore, providing an effective delegation mechanism which meets the requirements of the least privilege principle is becoming an essential need. Furthermore, we are witnessing a phenomenal increase in the automation of organizational tasks and decision making, as well as the computerization of information related services, requiring automated delegation mechanisms. In order to meet these requirements we introduce an Active Delegation Framework which extends our previous work on on-demand delegation, making it context-aware. The framework provides a just-in-time, restricted and dynamic delegation mechanism for Grids. In this paper we describe the development of this framework and its implementation and integration with the Globus Toolkit.
Milne's volume function and vector symmetric polynomials
Authors: Emmanuel Briand, Mercedes Rosas
Venue: Journal of Symbolic Computation (2009)

The number of real roots of a system of polynomial equations fitting inside a given box can be counted using a vector symmetric polynomial introduced by P. Milne, the volume function. We provide the expansion of Milne's volume function in the basis of monomial vector symmetric functions, and observe that only monomial functions of a particular kind appear in the expansion, the squarefree monomial functions. By means of an appropriate specialization of the vector symmetric Newton identities, we derive an inductive formula that expresses the squarefree monomial functions in the power sums basis. As a corollary, we obtain an inductive formula that writes Milne's volume function in the power sums basis. The lattice of the sub-hypergraphs of a hypergraph appears in a natural way in this setting.
Addressing the Brittleness of Agent Interaction
Authors: Mohd Fadzil Hassan, Dave Robertson
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th Pacific Rim International Conference on Multi-Agents: Intelligent Agents and Multi-Agent Systems (2008)

The field of multi-agent systems shifts attention from one particular agent to a society of agents; hence the interactions between agents in the society become critical towards the achievement of their goals. We assume that the interactions are managed via a protocol which enables agents to coordinate their actions in order to handle the dependencies that exist between their activities. However, the agents' failures to comply with the constraints imposed by the protocol may cause the agents to have brittle interactions. To address this problem, a constraint relaxation approach derived from the Distributed Partial Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) is proposed. This paper describes the computational aspects of the approach (i.e. specification of a distance metric, searching for a solvable problem and specification of a global distance function).