ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Game-Based Learning Scenes Design for Individual User in the Ubiquitous Learning Environment
Authors: Stis Wu, Maiga Chang, Jia-Sheng Heh
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Technologies for E-Learning and Digital Entertainment (2008)

A ubiquitous learning environment provides learners opportunities of observing and touching the learning objects around the learners according to their preferences and/or interests. Learners can still solve problems, answer questions, and propose their own questions, in the ubiquitous learning environment. When we plan to make learners study in the ubiquitous learning environment, there are some issues needed to be taken into considerations, for examples, learners' interests and preferences. How to encourage learners' interests is an important issue, this paper designs and builds learning scenes to offer learners the personalized learning services based on game concepts. Each learning scene may cover one or many learning spots, and each learning spot has different learning objects. We can construct a series of learning scenes dynamically for individual learner based on the learner's choices, preferences and interests. Furthermore, a learning path involves learning scene switch is also generated automatically for the learner. Several exhibition rooms and artifacts in a museum are used to demonstrate the idea and mechanism proposed by this research.
Mixture representation for order statistics from INID progressive censoring and its applications
Authors: T. Fischer, N. Balakrishnan, E. Cramer
Venue: Journal of Multivariate Analysis (2008)

In this paper, a mixture representation for the joint distribution function of progressively Type-II censored order statistics from heterogeneous distributions is established. Applications of this representation to stochastic orderings and inequalities are then illustrated.
Session Key Reuse Scheme to Improve Routing Efficiency in AnonDSR
Authors: Chunum Kong, Min Young Chung, Hyunseung Choo
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Computational Science, Part IV: ICCS 2007 (2007)

The importance of security in ad hoc network is increasing gradually to deliver information safely among nodes in hostile environment. The data is encrypted using various encryption techniques for the security reinforcement or for hiding the communication path. AnonDSR which offers anonymity to encrypt communication path, guarantees anonymity efficiently. The anonymity of source and destination nodes is guaranteed through 3 protocols. However, secret keys and route pseudonyms must be newly created for security, whenever an anonymous communication session occurs. It generates large overhead.Therefore, the proposed scheme reduces overhead of AnonDSR to reuse symmetric keys and route pseudonyms during a certain period which is defined by user. It is possible so that the data is encrypted by symmetric key which is shared between source and destination nodes, because intermediate nodes cannot decrypt the data. This scheme maintains security features of AnonDSR to perform anonymous communication, and only performs anonymous data transfer protocol when duplicate session is occurred. Then, the route setup time is improved a minimum of 47.1% due to the decrease of route setup procedure.
A typology of ambiguity as it relates to natural language processing
Authors: Manton M. Matthews
Venue:  (2007)

Ambiguity and vagueness have always been major problems for natural language understanding systems because they are so pervasive in every natural language. People are often unaware of multiple senses, using such devices as world knowledge, lexical relationships and preferred readings to automatically select one reading. In a natural language processing system, these devices can be very difficult to build into the system. It is therefore important to have a clear understanding of the varieties of ambiguity and vagueness in order to decide how and whether to deal with each one of them computationally. This dissertation provides a typology of all of the possible forms of ambiguity and vagueness that impact natural language processing systems. The typology was created by decomposing the possible types of ambiguity into a set of 26 binary features of ambiguity together with one level feature with possible values of morpheme, word, phrase, sentence or discourse. Then, the possible interactions of the features were examined to determine whether pairs of the features could both apply to the same ambiguity or not. Based on this examination, the full set of possible settings of the feature values was projected to create a typology of ambiguity and vagueness.In order to establish the applicability of this typology to natural language processing, five representative semantic frameworks that have been used in such systems were selected. These are Dynamic Syntax, Discourse Representation Theory, Monotonic Syntax, Situation Semantics and Statistical methods. After an introduction to the problems of ambiguity and vagueness in natural language understanding, each of these semantic theories is briefly outlined, the features of ambiguity are presented, the feature interactions are determined, and each feature is examined as to how such an ambiguity would be handled within each semantic framework. Finally, a set of semantic tests is proposed to distinguish for each feature of ambiguity whether a given ambiguous or vague utterance is positive or negative for that feature. Examples of types of ambiguity are given throughout, and an appendix lists some naturally occurring instances of ambiguity and vagueness taken from newspapers, specified for the features of ambiguity.
Use of Kohonen Maps as Feature Selector for Selective Attention Brain-Computer Interfaces
Authors: Miguel Angel Lopez, Hector Pomares, Miguel Damas, Alberto Prieto, Eva Maria Plaza Hernandez
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd international work-conference on The Interplay Between Natural and Artificial Computation, Part I: Bio-inspired Modeling of Cognitive Tasks (2007)

Selective attention to visual-spatial stimuli causes decrements of power in alpha band and increments in beta. For steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEP) selective attention affects electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings, modulating the power in the range 8-27 Hz. The same behaviour can be seen for auditory stimuli as well, although for auditory steady-state response (ASSR), it is not fully confirmed yet. The design of selective attention based braincomputer interfaces (BCIs) has two major advantages: First, no much training is needed. Second, if properly designed, a steady-state response corresponding to spectral peaks can be elicited, easy to filter and classify. In this paper we study the behaviour of Kohonen Maps as feature selector for a selective attention to auditory stimuli based BCI system.
Developing a new Kalman filter based control strategy for isolating flexible structures
Authors: M. Farrokhsiar, A. R. Ohadi
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th WSEAS International Conference on Signal Processing, Robotics and Automation (2008)

A new control strategy, based on the Kalman filter theory, for isolating a flexible structure mounted on a vibrating flexible base is presented. This control strategy is focused on attenuating transmitted force from base to the structure using Kalman filter. To reach this aim, transmitted force is formulated as a determined combination of the state variables of structure-base system where the state space model of the structure is constructed from the natural frequency and mode shapes. Simulation results show some advantageous aspect of this control system. The first advantage is control system agility and quickness in compensating for any phase or magnitude mismatch between transmitted force and control force. Another distinctive aspect of this control strategy is suitability for implementation by digital computers. The control system shows high robustness against the spillover effect and presence of the measurement and process noise.
Development of a Low Cost Base Station for Multimodal Home Monitoring
Authors: Klaus-Hendrik Wolf, Arne Lohse, Michael Marschollek, Reinhold Haux
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Computers Helping People with Special Needs (2008)

Objectives: Enable the sustainable monitoring of health-related parameters by developing an easy-to-deploy and low-cost base station for home monitoring seamlessly integrated into trans-institutional health information systems utilizing established standards. Methods: A network attached storage device based on Linux is modified to perform as an easily expandable data logger for different modalities. Local data storage as well as the communication of gathered or analysed data to authorized systems uses established standards. First usability tests are performed in laboratory settings and in an elderly person's home. Results: The modalities implemented by now include different wireless and wired sensor systems. Data can be communicated to institutional health information systems. Conclusions: It is possible to deploy a very low cost and easy to use base station for home monitoring. The chosen device was able to perform the logging of data as well as simple analysis and forwarding of relevant information.
Emergent Common Functional Principles in Control Theory and the Vertebrate Brain: A Case Study with Autonomous Vehicle Control
Authors: Amir Hussain, Kevin Gurney, Rudwan Abdullah, Jon Chambers
Venue: Proceedings of the 18th international conference on Artificial Neural Networks, Part II (2008)

This paper describes emergent neurobiological characteristics of an intelligent multiple-controller that has been developed for controlling the throttle, brake and steering subsystems of a validated vehicle model. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Importantly, the controller exhibits discrete behaviours, governed by its two component controllers. These controllers are selected according to task demands by a fuzzy-logic based supervisor. The system therefore displays `action selection' under central switched control, as has been proposed to take place in the vertebrate brain. In addition, the supervisor and modular controllers have analogues with the higher and lower levels of functionality associated with the strata in layered brain architectures. Several further similarities are identified between the biology and the vehicle controller. We conclude that advances in neuroscience and control theory have reached a critical mass which make it timely for a new rapprochement of these disciplines.
Network Formation Using Ant Colony Optimization
Authors: Steven C. Oimoen, Gilbert L. Peterson, Kenneth M. Hopkinson
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Ant Colony Optimization and Swarm Intelligence (2008)

A significant area of research in the field of hybrid communications is the Network Design Problem (NDP) [1]. The NDP is an NP complete problem [1] that focuses on identifying the optimal network topology for transmitting commodities between nodes, under constraints such as bandwidth, limited compatible directed channels, and link and commodity costs. The NDP focuses on designing a flexible network while trying to achieve optimal flow or routing. If a link (or arc) is used, then an associated fixed cost of the edge is incurred. In addition, there is a cost for using the arc depending on the flow. The solution is a network topology connecting all of the nodes that minimizes the total system cost.
Evaluating Data-Driven Style Transformation for Gesturing Embodied Agents
Authors: Alexis Heloir, Michael Kipp, Sylvie Gibet, Nicolas Courty
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents (2008)

This paper presents an empirical evaluation of a method called "Style transformation" which consists of modifying an existing gesture sequence in order to obtain a new style where the transformation parameters have been extracted from an existing captured sequence. This data-driven method can be used either to enhance key-framed gesture animations or to taint captured motion sequences according to a desired style.
A Multi-site Subcellular Localizer for Fungal Proteins
Authors: Michel Nathan
Venue: Proceedings of the 20th conference of the Canadian Society for Computational Studies of Intelligence on Advances in Artificial Intelligence (2007)

In this work, we build a decision tree to predict fungal protein localization based on physiochemical properties of proteins calculable from their primary sequences. Although there is clear evidence of presence of the same protein in more than one sub-cellular compartment, almost all existing automated systems restrict their predictions to single-site localization. We address this issue by predicting as many localization sites as possible. When localizing among 17 sub-cellular compartments, in 64% of the cases our system successfully predicts at least one of the experimentally reported localizations. Moreover, all reported localizations are correctly predicted in 49% of the cases. We also report 76 fungal protein features expected to be implicated in localization, based on the constructed decision tree.
On Alternating Phrase-Structure Grammars
Authors: Etsuro Moriya, Friedrich Otto
Venue: Language and Automata Theory and Applications: Second International Conference, LATA 2008, Tarragona, Spain, March 13-19, 2008. Revised Papers (2008)

We study several extensions of the notion of alternation from context-free grammars to context-sensitive and arbitrary phrase-structure grammars. Thereby new grammatical characterizations are obtained for the class of languages that are accepted by alternating pushdown automata.
Simultaneous Vehicle and Crew Scheduling for Extra Urban Transports
Authors: Benoît Laurent, Jin-Kao Hao
Venue: Proceedings of the 21st international conference on Industrial, Engineering and Other Applications of Applied Intelligent Systems: New Frontiers in Applied Artificial Intelligence (2008)

We present a simultaneous approach to solve the integrated vehicle and crew scheduling problem in an extra urban context. We consider the single depot case with a heterogeneous fleet of vehicles. We propose a constraint based model which is subsequently solved by a Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure. The construction phase of each initial solution relies on constraint programming techniques, while the local search phase exploits a powerful neighborhood exploration mechanism. The computational experiments conducted on real-world instances show the effectiveness and the flexibility of the approach compared with the classical sequential vehicle and crew scheduling.
3-D Deformation Guided On-Line Modification of Multi-leaf Collimators for Adaptive Radiation Therapy
Authors: Bin Zhou, Jianhua Xuan, Qingrong Wu, Yue Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Image Analysis and Recognition (2008)

Adaptive radiation therapy (ART) requires an on-line modification of the treatment plan to compensate for the motion of organs. In this paper, an improved multi-leaf collimator (MLC) deformation approach is proposed to accurately compensate for the organ motion between the planning and treatment scans for ART. Instead of using slice-by-slice 2-D deformation field as in the original MLC deformation method, 3-D deformation field is first recovered by a volumetric deformable registration method to guide the MLC modification. In order to minimize the toxicity on organ-at-risk (OAR), the deformation fields of the OAR and planning target volume (PTV) are jointly used to adjust the MLC sequence of the original plan. The proposed approach has been applied to the radiotherapy for prostate cancer. Preliminary experimental results have demonstrated that the proposed method outperformed the original MLC approach with much reduced toxicity on OAR while maintaining great radiation efficacy on PTV.
Modelling Web-Based Systems Requirements Using WRM
Authors: Fernando Molina, Jesús Pardillo, Ambrosio Toval
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 international workshops on Web Information Systems Engineering (2008)

In recent years, Web Information Systems (WIS) development projects have grown increasingly complex and critical for the smooth running of the organizations. However, recent studies reveal that a high percentage of web-based development projects miss the quality parameters required by stakeholders, most of the time due to an incorrect requirements management. In this paper, we try to increase the weight of requirements engineering activities in Web Engineering, and propose a web engineering requirements metamodel extension that can be smoothly integrated with existing web engineering proposals in order to reinforce the first phases of systematic web development. Our proposal is accompanied by a tool that, being developed as an Eclipse plug-in, can also be integrated with any existing web engineering methodology developed under this general framework.
Dynamic Ridge Polynomial Neural Networks in Exchange Rates Time Series Forecasting
Authors: Rozaida Ghazali, Abir Jaafar Hussain, Dhiya Al-Jumeily, Madjid Merabti
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Adaptive and Natural Computing Algorithms, Part II (2007)

This paper proposed a novel dynamic system which utilizes Ridge Polynomial Neural Networks for the prediction of the exchange rate time series. We performed a set of simulations covering three uni-variate exchange rate signals which are; the JP/EU, JP/UK, and JP/US time series. The forecasting performance of the novel Dynamic Ridge Polynomial Neural Network is compared with the performance of the Multilayer Perceptron and the feedforward Ridge Polynomial Neural Network. The simulation results indicated that the proposed network demonstrated advantages in capturing noisy movement in the exchange rate signals with a higher profit return.
Scalable Ubiquitous Data Access in Clustered Sensor Networks
Authors: Yueh-Hua Lee, Alex Thomo, Kui Wu, Valerie King
Venue: Proceedings of the 20th international conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management (2008)

Wireless sensor networks have drawn much attention due to their ability to monitor ecosystems and wildlife habitats. In such systems, the data should be intelligently collected to avoid human intervention. For this, we propose a network infrastructure in which the sensor nodes are designated as "data-generating" or "data-storage" nodes. Data-generating nodes take measurements, whereas data-storage nodes make themselves available to compute and store checksums of data received from nearby data-generating nodes.We propose a spatially-clustered architecture for our storage nodes and a coding scheme that allows a data collector to recover all original data by querying only a small random subset of storage nodes from each cluster. The size of such a subset is equal to the number of data-generating nodes that the cluster serves.When the clustering structure of the storage nodes is unknown, we show that recovering of the original data is still possible if a random subset of the right size of storage nodes is selected for querying. We determine this right size so as to have a successful decoding with a probability exceeding a given threshold.
Integrating a Virtual Agent into the Real World: The Virtual Anatomy Assistant Ritchie
Authors: Volker Wiendl, Klaus Dorfmüller-Ulhaas, Nicolas Schulz, Elisabeth André
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents (2007)

Augmented realities, which are partially real and partially virtual, open up new ways for humans to interact with Embodied Conversational Agents (ECAs) since they allow users to meet ECAs in the physical space. Nevertheless, attempts to integrate ECAs as digital overlays in a physical space have been rare. Obvious reasons are the high demands such an integration puts to the animation of ECAs as virtual augmentations of the physical space, their capabilities to perceive not only the virtual, but also the physical world as well as reactive behavior control. In this paper, we describe our technical contributions towards solving these challenges. To illustrate our ideas, we present the virtual anatomy assistant Ritchie that monitors the user's actions in a physical space and dynamically responds to them.
Reinstating Floyd-Steinberg: Improved Metrics for Quality Assessment of Error Diffusion Algorithms
Authors: Sam Hocevar, Gary Niger
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Image and Signal Processing (2008)

In this contribution we introduce a little-known property of error diffusion halftoning algorithms which we call error diffusion displacement. By accounting for the inherent sub-pixel displacement caused by the error propagation, we correct an important flaw in most metrics used to assess the quality of resulting halftones. We find these metrics to usually highly underestimate the quality of error diffusion in comparison to more modern algorithms such as direct binary search. Using empirical observation, we give a method for creating computationally efficient, image-independent, model-based metrics for this quality assessment. Finally, we use the properties of error diffusion displacement to justify Floyd and Steinberg's well-known choice of algorithm coefficients.
Diagnostic feedback by snap-drift question response grouping
Authors: Sin Wee Lee, Dominic Palmer-Brown, Chrisina Draganova
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th WSEAS International Conference on Neural Networks (2008)

This work develops a method for incorporation into an on-line system to provide carefully targeted guidance and feedback to students. The student answers on-line multiple choice questions on a selected topic, and their responses are sent to a Snap-Drift neural network trained with responses from a past students. Snapdrift is able to categorise the learner's responses as having a significant level of similarity with a subset of the students it has previously categorised. Each category is associated with feedback composed by the lecturer on the basis of the level of understanding and prevalent misconceptions of that category-group of students. In this way the feedback addresses the level of knowledge of the individual and guides them towards a greater understanding of particular concepts. The feedback is concept-based rather than tied to any particular question, and so the learner is encouraged to retake the same test and receives different feedback depending on their evolving state of knowledge.
Modular Reasoning in Object-Oriented Programming
Authors: David A. Naumann
Venue: Verified Software: Theories, Tools, Experiments: First IFIP TC 2/WG 2.3 Conference, VSTTE 2005, Zurich, Switzerland, October 10-13, 2005, Revised Selected Papers and Discussions (2005)

Difficulties in reasoning about functional correctness and relational properties of object-oriented programs are reviewed. An approach using auxiliary state is briefly described, with emphasis on the author's work. Some near term challenges are sketched.
In Search for an Integrated Design Basis for Audio and Haptics
Authors: Antti Pirhonen, Kai Tuuri
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd international workshop on Haptic and Audio Interaction Design (2008)

Audio and haptics as interaction modalities share properties, which make them highly appropriate to be handled within a single conceptual framework. This paper outlines such framework, gaining ingredients from the literature concerning cross-modal integration and embodied cognition. The resulting framework is bound up with a concept of physical embodiment, which has been introduced within several scientific disciplines to reveal the role of bodily experience and the corresponding mental imagery as the core of meaning-creation. In addition to theoretical discussion, the contribution of the proposed approach in design is outlined.