ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Simultaneously inpainting in image and transformed domains
Authors: Jian-Feng Cai, Raymond H. Chan, Lixin Shen, Zuowei Shen
Venue: Numerische Mathematik (2009)

In this paper, we focus on the restoration of images that have incomplete data in either the image domain or the transformed domain or in both. The transform used can be any orthonormal or tight frame transforms such as orthonormal wavelets, tight framelets, the discrete Fourier transform, the Gabor transform, the discrete cosine transform, and the discrete local cosine transform. We propose an iterative algorithm that can restore the incomplete data in both domains simultaneously. We prove the convergence of the algorithm and derive the optimal properties of its limit. The algorithm generalizes, unifies, and simplifies the inpainting algorithm in image domains given in Cai et&#x00a0;al. (Appl Comput Harmon Anal 24:131&#x2013;149, 2008) and the inpainting algorithms in the transformed domains given in Cai et&#x00a0;al. (SIAM J Sci Comput 30(3):1205&#x2013;1227, 2008), Chan et&#x00a0;al. (SIAM J Sci Comput 24:1408&#x2013;1432, 2003; Appl Comput Harmon Anal 17:91&#x2013;115, 2004). Finally, applications of the new algorithm to super-resolution image reconstruction with different zooms are presented.
A Memory-efficient ε-Removal Algorithm for Weighted Acyclic Finite-State Automata
Authors: Thomas Hanneforth
Venue: Proceeding of the 2009 conference on Finite-State Methods and Natural Language Processing: Post-proceedings of the 7th International Workshop FSMNLP 2008 (2009)

Many NLP tasks based on finite-state automata create acyclic result automata which contain a lot of ε-transitions. We propose an refinement of an existing algorithm for ε-removal with a better memory consumption behavior in many practical cases.
Mining of Protein Subcellular Localizations based on a Syntactic Dependency Tree and WordNet
Authors: Mi-Young Kim
Venue: Proceeding of the 2008 conference on Knowledge-Based Software Engineering: Proceedings of the Eighth Joint Conference on Knowledge-Based Software Engineering (2008)

Detection of protein subcellular localization is essential in information extraction from biomolecular texts. There has been a great deal of research on text mining to detect protein subcellular localization information in documents. Previous researches have insisted that linguistic information is useful for identifying the subcellular localizations of proteins. However, previous systems for detecting protein subcellular localizations have used only shallow syntactic parsers, and showed poor recall. Thus, there remains a need to use a deep level of linguistic knowledge to the analysis of text. To improve performance in detecting protein subcellular localization information, this paper proposes a method based on a syntactic dependency tree and WordNet. From the syntactic dependency tree, we construct syntactic paths from a protein to its location candidate. Then, we retrieve syntactic and semantic information from the root, protein subtree and location subtree of each syntactic path. We extract syntactic category and syntactic direction as syntactic information, and synset offset of the WordNet thesaurus as semantic information. According to the information, we extract (protein, localization) pairs. Even with no biomolecular knowledge, our method shows reasonable performance in experiments using Medline abstract data. The experimental results show that our method outperforms previous methods, and the obtained syntactic and semantic information contributes to the improvement of the performance.
Modeling swarm phenomena using logistic agents: application to a predators-prey pursuit
Authors: Rodolphe Charrier, Christine Bourjot, François Charpillet
Venue: Proceedings of The 8th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems - Volume 2 (2009)

In this paper, we study swarm intelligence phenomena using the logistic multi-agent system model (LMAS). This model derives from the "coupled map lattice" family of models, which is usually considered in the field of complex systems. After recalling the fact that the LMAS enables simulating flocking phenomena in a self-organized way, we study its adaptive capabilities by applying it to a predators-prey pursuit simulation, in order to visualize the effect of the environment on the control variable of the agents.
Quantitative performance assessment of surgical robot systems: telerobotic fls
Authors: Blake Hannaford, Jacob Rosen
Venue:  (2008)

Robot assisted surgery is revolutionizing the way in which many surgical interventions are performed. Increased dexterity allows surgeons to perform procedures that were otherwise impossible. TeleSurgery will allow expert care to be distributed anywhere in the world that medical intervention is required. The development of the University of Washington, RAVEN Surgical Robot, was a collaborative effort between surgeons and engineers from multiple disciplines. Initial validation testing included, (1) operating through a digital-data-link on an unmanned aerial vehicle, (2) long-distance teleoperation collaborations with researchers in other countries, and (3) participation in a NASA training mission during which the RAVEN was placed in an undersea habitat off the Florida Keys and teleoperated from Seattle, WA. Based on the current standard in surgical skills evaluation, a method for objective assessment of surgical robotic systems was developed. The effect of time delay in telesurgery using the RAVEN and the effect of 3D vision using the ISI da Vinci&reg; robot were evaluated. The results of these studies will guide further development of the RAVEN and stimulate new ideas for telesurgery.
MR Tent: a place for co-constructing mixed realities in urban planning
Authors: Maquil Valérie, Sareika Markus, Schmalstieg Dieter, Wagner Ina
Venue: Proceedings of Graphics Interface 2009 (2009)

This paper describes how mixed reality (MR) technology is applied in the urban renewal process to help mixed groups of stakeholders collaboratively construct, explore and discuss their vision of a particular urban project on site. It introduces the MR Tent, a physical enclosing for a collection of MR prototyping tools. We report findings from the most recent participatory workshop with users on an urban planning site concerning the interaction space, views, tangibility and representational formats.
Domain-Specific and Domain-Independent Interactive Behaviors in Andes
Authors: Min Chi, Kurt Vanlehn
Venue: Proceeding of the 2007 conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education: Building Technology Rich Learning Contexts That Work (2007)

In this study, students studied two different domains in the same Intelligent Tutoring System, Andes. Analysis of 435 log files from 22 subjects indicated that there are two types of interactive behaviours in Andes: domain-independent and domain-specific. We believe the existence of the domain-specific behaviours is one possible reason that similar meta-cognitive behaviors has not been found across domains in a single ITS curriculum [1][2]. This paper describes the study and the potential applications of these findings.
Hyperincident connected components of tagging networks
Authors: Nicolas Neubauer, Klaus Obermayer
Venue: Proceedings of the 20th ACM conference on Hypertext and hypermedia (2009)

Data created by social bookmarking systems can be described as 3-partite 3-uniform hypergraphs connecting documents, users, and tags (tagging networks), such that the toolbox of complex network analysis can be applied to examine their properties. One of the most basic tools, the analysis of connected components, however cannot be applied meaningfully: Tagging networks tend to be almost entirely connected. We therefore propose a generalization of connected components, m-hyperincident connected components. We show that decomposing tagging networks into 2-hyperincident connected components yields a characteristic component distribution with a salient giant component that can be found across various datasets. This pattern changes if the underlying formation process changes, for example, if the hypergraph is constructed from search logs, or if the tagging data is contaminated by spam: It turns out that the second- to 129th largest components of the spam-labeled Bibsonomy dataset are inhabited exclusively by spam users. Based on these findings, we propose and unsupervised method for spam detection.
A unified framework for document restoration using inpainting and shape-from-shading
Authors: Li Zhang, A. M. Yip, M. S. Brown, Chew Lim Tan
Venue: Pattern Recognition (2009)

We present a restoration framework to reduce undesirable distortions in imaged documents. Our framework is based on two components: (1) an image inpainting procedure that can separate non-uniform illumination (and other) artifacts from the printed content and (2) a shape-from-shading (SfS) formulation that can reconstruct the 3D shape of the document's surface. Used either piecewise or in its entirety, this framework can correct a variety of distortions including shading, shadow, ink-bleed, show-through, perspective and geometric distortions, for both camera-imaged and flatbed-imaged documents. Our overall framework is described in detail. In addition, our SfS formulation can be easily modified to target various illumination conditions to suit different real-world applications. Results on images of synthetic and real documents demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach. OCR results are also used to gauge the performance of our approach.
Reverse search for monomial ideals
Authors: Dave Bayer, Amelia Taylor
Venue: Journal of Symbolic Computation (2009)

We give a set of multidegrees that support all the numerical information for a monomial ideal that can be reverse searched and hence is parallelizable and has space complexity that is polynomial in the size of the input. Our approach uses a new definition of closed sets for simplicial complexes that may be useful in other contexts.
Flexible superfinishing modules used in SME (small and medium enterprises)
Authors: Badea Lepadatescu, Adriana Fota, Anisor Nedelcu, Constantin Buzatu, Adela-Eliza Dumitrascu, Ioan Enescu
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th WSEAS international conference on Signal processing, robotics and automation (2009)

In the paper are presented some achievements regarding the uses of flexible superfinishing modules that can be used to obtain the surface finish requirements for the products in small and medium enterprises. These modules have a range of flexibility that make them to adapt to a large sort of products and to a great range shape and dimensions of workpieces.
A software tool to relate technical performance to user experience in a mobile context
Authors: Tom Deryckere, Wout Joseph, Luc Martens, Lieven De Marez, Katrien De Moor, Katrien Berte
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks (2008)

Users in today’s mobile ICT environment are confronted with more and more innovations and an ever increasing technical quality, which makes them more demanding and harder to please. It is often hard to measure and to predict the user experience during service consumption. This is nevertheless a very important dimension that should be taken into account while developing applications or frameworks. In this paper we demonstrate a software tool that is integrated in a wireless living lab environment in order to validate and quantify actual user experience. The methodology to assess the user experience combines both technological and social assets. User experience of a Wineguide application on a PDA is related to signal strength, monitored during usage of the applications. Higher signal strengths correspond with a better experience (e.g. speed). Finally, difference in the experience among users will be discussed.
Representation and learning for sign language recognition
Authors: Sudeep Sarkar
Venue:  (2008)

While recognizing some kinds of human motion patterns requires detailed feature representation and tracking, many of them can be recognized using global features. The global configuration or structure of an object in a frame can be expressed as a probability density function constructed using relational attributes between low-level features, e.g. edge pixels that are extracted from the regions of interest. The probability density changes with motion, tracing a trajectory in the latent space of distributions, which we call the configuration space. These trajectories can then be used for recognition using standard techniques such as dynamic time warping. Can these frame-wise probability functions, which usually have high dimensionality, be embedded into a low-dimensional space so that we can still estimate various meaningful probabilistic distances in the new space? Given these trajectory-based representations, can one learn models of signs in an unsupervised manner? We address these two fundamental questions in this dissertation. Existing embedding approaches do not extend easily to preserve meaningful probabilistic distances between the samples. We present an embedding framework to preserve the probabilistic distances like Chernoff, Bhattacharya, Matusita, KL or symmetric-KL based on dot-products between points in this space. It results in computational savings. We experiment with the five different probabilistic distance measures and show the usefulness of the representation in three different contexts - sign recognition of 147 different signs (with large number of possible classes), gesture recognition with 7 different gestures performed by 7 different persons (with person variations) and classification of 8 different kinds of human-human interaction sequences (with segmentation problems). Currently, researchers in continuous sign language recognition assume that the training signs are already available and often those are manually selected from continuous sentences. It consumes a lot of human time and is tedious. We present an approach for automatically learning signs from multiple sentences by using a probabilistic framework to extract the parts of signs that are present in most of its occurrences, and are robust to variations produced by adjacent signs. We show results by learning 10 signs and 10 spoken words from 136 sign language sentences and 136 spoken sequences respectively.
Histogram of oriented rectangles: A new pose descriptor for human action recognition
Authors: Nazlı Ikizler, Pınar Duygulu
Venue: Image and Vision Computing (2009)

Most of the approaches to human action recognition tend to form complex models which require lots of parameter estimation and computation time. In this study, we show that, human actions can be simply represented by pose without dealing with the complex representation of dynamics. Based on this idea, we propose a novel pose descriptor which we name as Histogram-of-Oriented-Rectangles (HOR) for representing and recognizing human actions in videos. We represent each human pose in an action sequence by oriented rectangular patches extracted over the human silhouette. We then form spatial oriented histograms to represent the distribution of these rectangular patches. We make use of several matching strategies to carry the information from the spatial domain described by the HOR descriptor to temporal domain. These are (i) nearest neighbor classification, which recognizes the actions by matching the descriptors of each frame, (ii) global histogramming, which extends the idea of Motion Energy Image proposed by Bobick and Davis to rectangular patches, (iii) a classifier-based approach using Support Vector Machines, and (iv) adaptation of Dynamic Time Warping on the temporal representation of the HOR descriptor. For the cases when pose descriptor is not sufficiently strong alone, such as to differentiate actions ''jogging'' and ''running'', we also incorporate a simple velocity descriptor as a prior to the pose based classification step. We test our system with different configurations and experiment on two commonly used action datasets: the Weizmann dataset and the KTH dataset. Results show that our method is superior to other methods on Weizmann dataset with a perfect accuracy rate of 100%, and is comparable to the other methods on KTH dataset with a very high success rate close to 90%. These results prove that with a simple and compact representation, we can achieve robust recognition of human actions, compared to complex representations.
An EPIC Processor with Pending Functional Units
Authors: Lori Carter, Weihaw Chuang, Brad Calder
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on High Performance Computing (2009)

The Itanium processor, an implementation of an Explicitly Parallel Instruction Computing (EPIC) architecture, is an in-order processor that fetches, executes, and forwards results to functional units in-order. The architecture relies heavily on the compiler to expose Instruction Level Parallelism (ILP) to avoid stalls created by in-order processing.The goal of this paper is to examine, in small steps, changing the in-order Itanium processor model to allow execution to be performed out-of-order. The purpose is to overcome memory and functional unit latencies. To accomplish this, we consider an architecture with Pending Functional Units (PFU). The PFU architecture assigns/schedules instructions to functional units in-order. Instructions sit at the pending functional units until their operands become ready and then execute out-of-order. While an instruction is pending at a functional unit, no other instruction can be scheduled to that functional unit. We examine several PFU architecture designs. The minimal design does not perform renaming, and only supports bypassing of non-speculative result values. We then examine making PFU more aggressive by supporting speculative register state, and then finally by adding in register renaming. We show that the minimal PFU architecture provides on average an 18% speedup over an in-order EPIC processor and produces up to half of the speedup that would be gained using a full out-of-order architecture.
Is noise sensitivity influenced by musical factors?
Authors: Marek Franek
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th WSEAS international conference on Acoustics & music: theory & applications (2009)

The study examined the association between noise sensitivity and various musical factors - musical activity, musical preference, frequency of listening to background music, and acoustical environment in childhood. In the questionnaire survey (N = 1133) participants were asked to rate their sensitivity to various kinds of noises, to describe their music preferences, musical activity, and everyday music listening habits. It was found that active musicians were characterized by higher noise sensitivity compare to nonmusicians. Also people, who do not listen to background music very frequently, have the slightly higher level of noise sensitivity, as well as those, who prefer complex and reflective musical genres. Individuals, who lived in a noisy environment, were less sensitive to noise than those, who stayed in a silent environment. The findings are discussed in terms of theories of selective attention and habituation mechanisms to information overload.
Optimizing material flows into the architecture of a flexible system of integrated manufacturing CIM
Authors: Fota Adriana, Buzatu Constantin, Lepadatescu Badea
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th WSEAS international conference on Artificial intelligence, knowledge engineering and data bases (2009)

Most of the complex problems which appear in the manufacturing domain and the management of flexible manufacturing systems are optimizing problems. In design and maintenance activities, engineers have to make series of technological and managing decisions at different levels, the purpose of these decisions is to minimize necessary actions or to maximize the benefit. In this paper is presented the principles and methods for optimizing flexible manufacturing systems. The optimization model involves a configuration of flexible structure for mechanical processing integrated into a Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM).
How designers design and program interactive behaviors
Authors: Brad Myers, Sun Young Park, Yoko Nakano, Greg Mueller, Andrew Ko
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (2008)

Designers are skilled at sketching and prototyping the look of interfaces, but to explore various behaviors (what the interface does in response to input) typically requires programming using Javascript, ActionScript for Flash, or other languages. In our survey of 259 designers, 86% reported that the behavior is more difficult to prototype than the appearance. Often (78% of the time), designing the behavior requires collaborating with developers, but 76% of designers reported that communicatin1g the behavior to developers was more difficult than the appearance. Other results include that annotations such as arrows and paragraphs of text are used on top of sketches and storyboards to explain behaviors, and designers want to explore multiple versions of behaviors, but today’s tools make this difficult. The results provide new ideas for future tools.
Dynamic Cooperation Mechanism in Supply Chain for Perishable Agricultural Products under One -to- Multi
Authors: Lijuan Wang, Xichao Sun, Feng Dang
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Neural Networks: Advances in Neural Networks - Part III (2009)

This paper is to study dynamic cooperation mechanism in a two-stage perishable Agricultural products supply chain by applying grey system theory. The two-stage perishable agricultural products supply chain system is consist of a farmer and many companies. the grey game model is first set up by analyzing the characteristics of dynamic price. Then, the various factors of impacting a farmer and companies cooperation are analyzed. In doing so, the optimization equilibrium strategy and measure to maximize both sides profit under grey market price are discussed. The dynamic cooperation mechanism is designed to optimize the system. Finally, the reasonable and effective of dynamic cooperation mechanism are shown by an example.
AskDragon: a redundancy-based factoid question answering system with lightweight local context analysis
Authors: Xiaohua Zhou, Palakorn Achananuparp, E. K. Park, Xiaohua Hu, Xiaodan Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th ACM/IEEE-CS joint conference on Digital libraries (2009)

We introduce our QA system AskDragon which employs a novel lightweight local context analysis technique to handling two broad classes of factoid questions, entity and numeric questions. The local context analysis module dramatically improves the efficiency of QA systems without sacrificing high accuracy performance.
An O(N²) Square Root Unscented Kalman Filter for Visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping
Authors: Steven A. Holmes, Georg Klein, David W. Murray
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (2009)

This paper develops a Square Root Unscented Kalman Filter (SRUKF) for performing video-rate visual simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) using a single camera. The conventional UKF has been proposed previously for SLAM, improving the handling of nonlinearities compared with the more widely used Extended Kalman Filter (EKF). However, no account was taken of the comparative complexity of the algorithms: In SLAM, the UKF scales as O(N^{3}) in the state length, compared to the EKF's O(N^{2}), making it unsuitable for video-rate applications with other than unrealistically few scene points. Here, it is shown that the SRUKF provides the same results as the UKF to within machine accuracy and that it can be reposed with complexity O(N^{2}) for state estimation in visual SLAM. This paper presents results from video-rate experiments on live imagery. Trials using synthesized data show that the consistency of the SRUKF is routinely better than that of the EKF, but that its overall cost settles at an order of magnitude greater than the EKF for large scenes.