ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Hot Item Mining and Summarization from Multiple Auction Web Sites
Authors: Tak-Lam Wong, Wai Lam
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth IEEE International Conference on Data Mining (2005)

Online auction Web sites are fast changing, highly dynamic, and complex as they involve tremendous sellers and potential buyers, as well as a huge amount of items listed for bidding. We develop a two-phase framework which aims at mining and summarizing hot items from multiple auctionWeb sites to assist decision making. The objective of the first phase is to automatically extract the product features and product feature values of the items from the descriptions provided by the sellers. We design a HMM-based learning method to train an extended HMM model which can adapt to the unseen Web page from which the information is extracted. The goal of the second phase is to discover and summarize the hot items based on the extracted information. We formulate the hot item mining task as a semi-supervised learning problem and employ the graph mincuts algorithm to accomplish this task. The summary of the hot items is then generated by considering the frequency and the position of the product features being mentioned in the descriptions. We have conducted extensive experiments from several real-world auction Web sites to demonstrate the effectiveness of our framework.
Audio Fingerprinting: Nearest Neighbor Search in High Dimensional Binary Spaces
Authors: Matthew L. Miller, Manuel Acevedo Rodriguez, Ingemar J. Cox
Venue: Journal of VLSI Signal Processing Systems (2005)

Audio fingerprinting is an emerging research field in which a song must be recognized by matching an extracted "fingerprint" to a database of known fingerprints. Audio fingerprinting must solve the two key problems of representation and search. In this paper, we are given an 8192-bit binary representation of each five second interval of a song and therefore focus our attention on the problem of high-dimensional nearest neighbor search. High dimensional nearest neighbor search is known to suffer from the curse of dimensionality, i.e. as the dimension increases, the computational or memory costs increase exponentially. However, recently, there has been significant work on efficient, approximate, search algorithms. We build on this work and describe preliminary results of a probabilistic search algorithm. We describe the data structures and search algorithm used and then present experimental results for a database of 1,000 songs containing 12,217,111 fingerprints.
GP-Gammon: Genetically Programming Backgammon Players
Authors: Yaniv Azaria, Moshe Sipper
Venue: Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines (2005)

We apply genetic programming to the evolution of strategies for playing the game of backgammon. We explore two different strategies of learning: using a fixed external opponent as teacher, and letting the individuals play against each other. We conclude that the second approach is better and leads to excellent results: Pitted in a 1000-game tournament against a standard benchmark player--Pubeval--our best evolved program wins 62.4% of the games, the highest result to date. Moreover, several other evolved programs attain win percentages not far behind the champion, evidencing the repeatability of our approach.
Applied optical illusions: a simulation model of eye response helps improve visual scene simulation
Authors: W. Marvin Bunker
Venue: ACM SIGSIM Simulation Digest (1978)

Modifications made to improve results in computer generated images (CGI) for visual scene simulation provided results better than anticipated. Understanding is essential to effective use of any technique. In this investigation, the response characteristics of the eye were simulated with a computer model. The tonal patterns resulting from CGI processing were applied as the stimulus, and the subjective eye response was obtained. This explained the experimental results and provided guidance for application of the technique.
Performance and new effects in advanced SOI devices and materials
Authors: Francis Balestra, Jalal Jomaah
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2005)

In this paper, an overview of recently explored or discovered new effects in advanced SOI devices and materials is given. The impact of key device parameters on electrical and thermal floating body effects is addressed for various device architectures (PD and FD SOI, FinFETs, different buried insulators, etc.). Recent advances in the understanding of the sensitivity of electron and hole transport to the tensile or compressive uniaxial and biaxial strains in thin film SOI are shown. The performance and physical mechanisms are also reviewed in multi-gate Si, SiGe and Ge MOSFETs. New hot carrier phenomena are discussed. Finally, the impact of gate misalignment or underlap, as well as the use of the back gate for charge storage in double-gate nanodevices and of capacitorless DRAM are outlined.
Design of DLC Layer for wireless QoS
Authors: Junsik Kim, Namhoon Park
Venue: Proceedings of the Joint International Conference on Autonomic and Autonomous Systems and International Conference on Networking and Services (2005)

In this paper, we propose a structure of the DLC (Data Link Control) protocol layer, which consists of the functional component, with radio resource channel allocation method. It is operated by the state of current traffic volume for the efficiency of radio resource utilization. Different adequate components will be taken by the current traffic state, especially fraction based data transmission buffer control method for the QoS(Quality of Service) assurance.
A Framework for Service-Oriented Business Integration under Uncertainty
Authors: Ying Huang, Yinsheng Li, Kuo-Ming Chao
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on e-Business Engineering (2005)

In recent years, enterprises of different sizes are faced with the challenges of efficiently integrating their business functions and associated systems. With the advent of service-oriented architecture (SOA), these enterprises are exploring the development of business integration solutions based on SOA. A service is defined as a particular business or IT function that is accessible by independent users and systems through a standardized interface. With their very nature, the results of using a business or IT service can be non-deterministic, i.e., one can't predict ahead of time the outcomes of invoking a business or IT service. For instance, a business service might provide a result short of the original expectation, which would require the use of another business service to compensate for the shortfalls. In this paper, we are going to propose a framework for service-oriented business integration under uncertainties. In this framework, we are going to describe how to achieve better business and IT integration results by composing a set of appropriate business and IT services through a service composition model with uncertainties. The framework will furthermore provide a structure of how the service composition model with uncertainties can be established and maintained.
Uniform Cooling of Alloys
Authors: Paulo Rebelo, Georgi V. Smirnov
Venue: Journal of Dynamical and Control Systems (2005)

A phase separation process model formed by the Cahn--- Hilliard equation and the heat equation is considered. The mobility coefficient in the Cahn---Hilliard equation is assumed to be an increasing function of the temperature. This property is of importance at the latest stage of the cooling process. The existence and uniqueness of a weak solution is proved, and a uniform cooling problem is studied. Obtained results can be used to control the cooling process and to create alloys with a uniform structure.
Hybrid type checking
Authors: Cormac Flanagan
Venue: Conference record of the 33rd ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT symposium on Principles of programming languages (2006)

Traditional static type systems are very effective for verifying basic interface specifications, but are somewhat limited in the kinds specifications they support. Dynamically-checked contracts can enforce more precise specifications, but these are not checked until run time, resulting in incomplete detection of defects.Hybrid type checking is a synthesis of these two approaches that enforces precise interface specifications, via static analysis where possible, but also via dynamic checks where necessary. This paper explores the key ideas and implications of hybrid type checking, in the context of the simply-typed λ-calculus with arbitrary refinements of base types.
A posteriori error estimations of residual type for Signorini's problem
Authors: Patrick Hild, Serge Nicaise
Venue: Numerische Mathematik (2005)

This paper presents an a posteriori error analysis for the linear finite element approximation of the Signorini problem in two space dimensions. A posteriori estimations of residual type are defined and upper and lower bounds of the discretization error are obtained. We perform several numerical experiments in order to compare the convergence of the terms in the error estimator with the discretization error.
A Low Area and Low Power Programmable Baseband Processor Architecture
Authors: Eric Tell, Anders Nilsson, Dake Liu
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth International Workshop on System-on-Chip for Real-Time Applications (2005)

A fully programmable radio baseband processor architecture is presented. The architecture is based on a DSP processor core and a number flexible accelerators, connected via a configurable network. Design choices are motivated by the inherent properties of the baseband algorithms used in different types of radio systems. A large degree of hardware reuse between algorithms and standards, careful selection of accelerators, and low memory cost allows very area and power efficient implementation of multi-standard radio baseband processors. A demonstrator chip for 802.11a/b/g physical layer baseband processing was manufactured in 0.18 µm CMOS. The silicon area is 2.9 mm², including all memories.
A variability management process for software product lines
Authors: Edson Alves de Oliveira,  Junior, Itana M. S. Gimenes, Elisa Hatsue Moriya Huzita, José Carlos Maldonado
Venue: Proceedings of the 2005 conference of the Centre for Advanced Studies on Collaborative research (2005)

The software product line approach (PL) promotes the generation of specific products from a set of core assets for a given domain. This approach is applicable to domains in which products have well-defined commonalities and variation points. Variability management is concerned with the management of the differences between products throughout the PL lifecycle. This paper presents a UML-based process for variability management that allows identification, representation and delimitation of variabilities as well as identification of mechanisms for variability implementation. The process is illustrated with excerpts of a case study carried out within the context of an existing PL for the Workflow Management System (WfMS) domain. The case study was carried out based on the experimental software engineering concepts. The results have shown that the proposed process has made explicit a higher number of variabilities than does the existing PL process, and it offers better support for variability tracing.
A processor for testing mixed-signal cores in System-on-Chip
Authors: Francisco Duarte, J. Machado da Silva, José C. Alves, G. A. Pinho, Jose S. Matos
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th Euromicro Conference on Digital System Design (2005)

This paper describes the design of a processor specific for testing cores embedded in system-on-chip. This processor, which can be implemented within a system¿s reconfigurable area, shall be responsible for scheduling and control test operations and perform preliminary data processing, as well as to provide the interface with an external tester. Building these test operations on-chip allows for simplifying external tester interface and to reduce testing time. The testing procedure and the infrastructure required to test an A/D converter is described as an example.
Power-Aware Test Planning in the Early System-on-Chip Design Exploration Process
Authors: Erik Larsson, Zebo Peng
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (2006)

Test application and test design, performed to ensure the production of fault-free chips, are becoming complicated and very expensive, especially in the case of SoCs (System-on-Chip), as the number of possible faults in a chip is increasing dramatically due to the technology development. It is therefore important to take test design into consideration as early as possible in the SoC design-flow in order to develop an efficient test solution. We propose a technique for modular core-based SoCs where test design is integrated in the early design exploration process. The technique can, in contrast to previous approaches, already be used in the core selection process to evaluate the impact on the system's final test solution imposed by different design decisions. The proposed technique considers the interdependent problems of core selection, test scheduling, TAM (test access mechanism) design, test set selection, and test resource floorplanning, and minimizes a weighted cost-function based on test time and TAM routing cost, while considering test conflicts and test power limitations. Concurrent scheduling of tests is used to minimize the test application time; however, concurrent test application leads to higher activity during the testing and, hence, higher power consumption. The power consumed during testing is, in general, higher than that during normal operation since it is desirable with hyperactivity in order to maximize the number of tested faults in a minimal time. A system under test can actually be damaged during testing and, therefore, power constraints must be considered. However, power consumption is complicated to model and, often, simplistic models that focus on the global system power limit only have been proposed and used. We therefore include a novel three-level power model: system, power-grid, and core. The advantage is that the system-level power budget is met and hot-spots can be avoided both at a specific core and at certain hot-spot areas in the chip. We have implemented and compared the proposed technique with a technique that assumes already fixed cores and tests, an estimation-based approach, and a computationally expensive pseudoexhaustive method. The results from the experiments show that, by exploring different design and test alternatives, the total test cost can be reduced, the pseudoexhaustive technique cannot produce results within reasonable computational time, and the estimation-based technique cannot produce solutions with high quality. The proposed technique produces results that are near the ones produced by the pseudoexhaustive technique at computational costs that are near the costs of the estimation-based technique, i.e., it produces high-quality solutions at low computational cost.
Cellular Automata Model of Pedestrian Dynamics for Normal and Evacuation Conditions
Authors: Jaroslaw Was
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Applications (2005)

The knowledge of the issues connected with pedestrian can be very helpful in the proper desing of buildings or other facilities. A simulation should take into consideration both, normal as well as evacuation conditions. Over the recent years several models of pedestrian movement have been created. The first part of the article contains a brief review of some available models. Then, the author proposes a model of pedestrians group dynamics in normal and evacuation situations. A 2D Cellular Automata, multi-agent model is created. The model proposed takes into account some strategic abilities of each agent/pedestrian. In the model, all decisions are made by an agent in correlation with other agents.
Algorithmic generality in memory management design
Authors: Dinesh Kumar
Venue: ACM SIGSIM Simulation Digest (1974)

As computer systems grew in complexity, the area of memory management has become increasingly important. In future operating systems what is needed is a generalized, flexible, modular, and open ended-design of the functional modules (e.g. memory management modules). To achieve these properties, sufficient ingenuity and effort are required during both design and implementation. This paper outlines an approach which should lead to a design having these properties. A memory management system was designed using this generalized approach. The system was subsequently modeled and implemented in SIMSCRIPT I.5 as a test case. The model and the successful results prove the feasibility of the approach and can be used to evaluate different memory management schemes. The functional modules within the model are general so that their mode of operation can be set from outside (this may be called parametric generality). However, the actual algorithm employed for memory management can be tailored at the site generation (or system generation) time using a convenient specification language. This design strategy is best characterized by the term "Algorithmic Generality."
Wireless Sensor Systems - Constraints and Opportunities
Authors: Dirk Timmermann
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th Euromicro Conference on Digital System Design (2005)

The collaboration of countless tiny sensor nodes in a network promises an enormous potential of novel applications. Advances in miniaturization and integration of electronic and mechanical components will enable sensor nodes with a size of a few cubic millimeters in the near future. At the same time, an ongoing price decline will allow the deployment of sensor networks covering thousands of nodes and, as a consequence, replace conventional wired sensors in many areas.
University simulation models: an appraisal from users
Authors: Jerome F. Wartgow
Venue: ACM SIGSIM Simulation Digest (1973)

Recent years have seen much activity in simulation modeling for research and planning, and several organizations have developed simulation models designed especially for use by administrators of higher education. Although the power and sophistication of this tool have been proven in areas of business and government, many questions remain to be answered about the effectiveness of these models as an aid to administrators of higher education. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Research on the Discrimination of Pornographic and Bikini Images
Authors: Yushi Wang, Weiqiang Wang, Wen Gao
Venue: Proceedings of the Seventh IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia (2005)

Our research extends the general technologies detecting pornographic images to prevent the benign images whose content is approximate with the pornographic ones from being screened. This paper presents a multiple-step method to distinguish the benign bikini photos from pornographic photos. The proposed approach utilizes the information about the body shape and face to determine the feature region where the specific patterns of the skin distribution of bikini model's body are represented, and uses a neural network to learn these patterns to recognize the bikini photos. The experimental results show that more than 80% normal bikini photos will be recognized from the pornographic images by the method, and at the same time few pornographic images are mistaken as bikini photos. The results indicate it is possible to distinguish the bikini photos from pornographic ones.
A black hole novelty detector for video analysis
Authors: Sameer Singh, Markos Markou
Venue: Pattern Analysis Applications (2005)

A black hole is a region of space that has so much mass concentrated in it that there is no way training data for a nearby object to escape its gravitational pull. In this paper we are inspired by this phenomenon to create a new form of novelty detector. We consider the of a given class as a black hole. For multi-class data we are dealing with multiple black holes. A test point is pulled by the centroids of different black holes as well as its K nearest neighbours. The gravitational pull is modelled as an iterative process, where the forces acting on a point are constantly changing with time as the test point moves in multi-dimensional space corresponding to these forces. Once the algorithm has converged, a thresholding scheme is applied to determine whether the test point has been pulled within the boundary of the black hole or not. Any points that lie outside all known black holes are deemed to be novel. We compare this novelty detector with other well-known models of novelty detection on a video analysis application and show very promising results.
An Integrated Rule-based and Case-based Reasoning System for Customer Service Management
Authors: Liping AN, Jianyuan YAN, Lingyun TONG
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on e-Business Engineering (2005)

This paper presents a hybrid system that integrates case-based reasoning (CBR) and rule-based reasoning (RBR) supported by data warehouse for customer service management (CSM). Cases represented by XML are extracted into data warehouse after data cleaning, integration, selection, and transformation. By integrating OLAP with data mining based on rough set theory in multidimensional databases, on-line analytical mining in different granularity provides CBR with the flexibility to select the desired solutions for customers. Examples illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed system.
A System to Mark Programs Automatically
Authors: Ken Ngo-Pham, John Bigham, Julian Rodaway, Laurissa Tokarchuk
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Quality Software (2005)

This paper describes a system to automatically mark student programs. It is a real time examination system that provides an environment for the compilation and execution of software and then marks it according to criteria and solutions provided by the examiner. It has been designed as a client server system supporting many simultaneous clients, with a modular structure that provides flexibility, allowing components to be added for new courses and kinds of questions without having to change the existing core structure. It is hoped that by sharing this software with others, a set of modules can be constructed to examine a range of programming questions. This report outlines the structure of the system. It is currently being evaluated in class assessments for software courses in network programming.
View Invariance for Human Action Recognition
Authors: Vasu Parameswaran, Rama Chellappa
Venue: International Journal of Computer Vision (2006)

This paper presents an approach for viewpoint invariant human action recognition, an area that has received scant attention so far, relative to the overall body of work in human action recognition. It has been established previously that there exist no invariants for 3D to 2D projection. However, there exist a wealth of techniques in 2D invariance that can be used to advantage in 3D to 2D projection. We exploit these techniques and model actions in terms of view-invariant canonical body poses and trajectories in 2D invariance space, leading to a simple and effective way to represent and recognize human actions from a general viewpoint. We first evaluate the approach theoretically and show why a straightforward application of the 2D invariance idea will not work. We describe strategies designed to overcome inherent problems in the straightforward approach and outline the recognition algorithm. We then present results on 2D projections of publicly available human motion capture data as well on manually segmented real image sequences. In addition to robustness to viewpoint change, the approach is robust enough to handle different people, minor variabilities in a given action, and the speed of aciton (and hence, frame-rate) while encoding sufficient distinction among actions.