ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
MediaFinder: an interface for dynamic personal media management with semantic regions
Authors: Hyunmo Kang, Ben Shneiderman
Venue: CHI '03 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing systems (2003)

Computer users deal with large amounts of personal media often face problems in managing and exploring it. This paper presents Semantic Regions, rectangular regions that enable users to specify their semantics or mental models, and the MediaFinder application, which uses Semantic Regions as the basis of a personal media management tool.
The Semismooth Algorithm for Large Scale Complementarity Problems
Authors: Todd S. Munson, Francisco Facchinei, Michael C. Ferris, Andreas Fischer, Christian Kanzow
Venue: INFORMS Journal on Computing (2001)

Complementarity solvers are continually being challenged by modelers demanding improved reliability and scalability. Building upon a strong theoretical background, the semismooth algorithm has the potential to meet both of these requirements. We discuss relevant theory associated with the algorithm and then describe a sophisticated implementation in detail. Particular emphasis is given to the use of preconditioned iterative methods to solve the (nonsymmetric) systems of linear equations generated at each iteration and robust methods for dealing with singularity. Results on the MCPLIB test suite indicate that the code is reliable and efficient and scales well to very large problems.
Intuitionistic fuzzy relations and measures of consensus
Authors: Janusz Kacprzyk, Eulalia Szmidt
Venue: Technologies for constructing intelligent systems: tools (2002)

Zadeh's (1983) calculus of linguistically quantified statements is employed to represent and handle a fuzzy majority in the derivation of a measure (degree) of consensus under intuitionistic fuzzy preferences. We follow the concept of a fuzzy majority introduced by Kacprzyk (1984, 1985a, b, 1986, 1987), Fedrizzi (1988), Kacprzyk and Fedrizzi (1986, 1988, 1989). The proposed consensus measure expresses a degree to which, say, "most of the important individuals agree as to almost all of the relevant options". Individual testimonies are assumed to be individual intuitionistic fuzzy preference relations that, as opposed to ordinary fuzzy preference relations, can better reflect the fact that during the consensus reaching proccess individuals can be, first, unsure as to their preferences, and second, can change them. We obtain new interval valued measures of consensus meant as, on the one hand, reflecting a possible hesitation of individuals, and on the other hand, providing a best and worst possible result.
How scalable is J2EE technology?
Authors: Paul Brebner, Jeffrey Gosper
Venue: ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes (2003)

ECperf, the widely recognized industry standard J2EE benchmark, has attracted a large number of results submissions and their subsequent publication. However, ECperf places little restriction on the hardware platform, operating systems and databases utilized in the benchmarking process. This, combined with the existence of only two primary metrics, makes it difficult to answer critical questions such as "Is there a limit to J2EE scalability?" and "Is scale-up or scale-out more effective?". By mining the full-disclosure archives for trends and correlations we have discovered that J2EE technology is very scalable, both in a scale-up and scale-out manner. Other observed trends include, a linear correlation between middle-tier total processing power and throughput, as well as between J2EE Application Server license costs and throughput. However, the results clearly indicate that there is an increasing cost per user with increasing capacity systems, and scale-up is proportionately more expensive than scale-out.
Acquiring New Technologies and Capabilities: A Grounded Model of Acquisition Implementation
Authors: Annette L. Ranft, Michael D. Lord
Venue: Organization Science (2002)

In this study, we explore seven in-depth cases of high-technology acquisitions and develop an empirically grounded model of technology and capability transfer during acquisition implementation. We assess how the nature of the acquired firms' knowledge-based resources, as well as multiple dimensions of acquisition implementation, have both independent and interactive effects on the successful appropriation of technologies and capabilities by the acquirer. Our inquiry contributes to the growing body of research examining the transfer of knowledge both between and within organizations. Propositions are developed to help guide further inquiry into the dynamics of acquisition implementation processes in general and, more specifically, the process of acquiring new technologies and capabilities from other firms.
Safe At Home? An Experiment in Domestic Airline Security
Authors: Arnold Barnett, Robert Shumsky, Mark Hansen, Amedeo Odoni, Geoffrey Gosling
Venue: Operations Research (2001)

The paper describes a scientific experiment about a contentious policy issue: What costs and disruptions might arise if U.S. domestic airlines adopted positive passenger bag-match (PPBM), an antiterrorist measure aimed at preventing baggage unaccompanied by passengers from traveling in aircraft luggage compartments? The heart of the effort was a two-week live test of domestic bag-match that involved 11 airlines, 8,000 flights, and nearly 750,000 passengers. Working with the Federal Aviation Administration, the authors played a major role in designing, monitoring, and analyzing the live test. However, the live test provided "raw materials" for an assessment of PPBM rather than the assessment itself. As we discuss, there are difficulties in extrapolating from a short experiment involving 4% of domestic flights to the steady-state consequences of systemwide bag-match.Our findings challenge the widely held industry view that PPBM would have grave impacts on domestic operations. We ultimately estimated that, under usual operating conditions, PPBM would delay domestic departures by an average of approximately 1 minute per flight. (Approximately one-seventh of flights would suffer bag-match departure delays, which would average about 7 minutes apiece.) Implementing bag-match would cost the airlines roughly 40 cents per passenger enplanement, and would require virtually no reduction in the number of flights performed. Restricting bag-match to 5% of passengers chosen under a security profile would cut these delays by about 75% and these dollar costs by about 50%.
Management Science at Merrill Lynch Private Client Group
Authors: Russ Labe, Raj Nigam, Steve Spence
Venue: Interfaces (1999)

Merrill Lynch Private Client Group won the 1997 INFORMS Prize for effective use and impact of management science on the organizational success of the firm. Merrill Lynch established its management science group in 1986. The group's mission is to provide high-end quantitative analysis to support strategic management decisions and to enhance the financial consultant-client relationship. Hallmarks of our approach include objectivity, communication skills, teamwork, and consulting skills in addition to the required technical knowledge. We have developed special expertise in selected areas that are vital to Merrill Lynch's businesses. These include asset-allocation analysis and modeling, financial-planning support and analysis, investment strategies, expert systems, marketing-information technology, prospecting and cross-selling models, and portfolio-performance measurement. The impact and success of the group can be measured in hard dollars, repeat business, the development and analysis of strategic initiatives, and the tools we developed to assist the salesforce.
Universal parametrization and interpolation on cubic surfaces
Authors: Rainer Müller
Venue: Computer Aided Geometric Design (2002)

Universal parametrizations make it possible to find all rational parametrizations and all rational curves on an implicit surface. The rational curves and patches can be described with optimal degree as images under such a universal parametrization. Hence, the rational curves on the surface can be classified in a systematic way.Interpolation problems on the surface are reduced to ordinary interpolation problems. Other than a usual parametrization, a universal parametrizations allows to control the degree of the interpolating curve or patch on the surface. To avoid nonlinear equation systems, simpler parametrizations can be derived from a universal parametrization.We present universal parametrizations for three different classes of cubic surfaces. According to a conjecture by Krasauskas, this covers all cubic surfaces, which possess a universal parametrization.
An asymptotic numerical fitted mesh method for singularly perturbed third order ordinary differential equations of reaction-diffusion type
Authors: S. Valarmathi, N. Ramanujam
Venue: Applied Mathematics and Computation (2002)

Singularly perturbed boundary value problems (SPBVPs) for third order ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with a small parameter multiplying the highest derivative of the form: - εy'''(x) + b(x)y'(x) + c(x)y(x) = f(x), y(0) =p, y'(0) = q, y'(1)= r, where b(x), c(x) and f(x) are sufficiently smooth functions satisfying certain conditions, are considered. Firstly, this third order singularly perturbed boundary value problem (SPBVP) is transformed into equivalent problem of weakly coupled system of one first order and one second order ODE, with a small parameter multiplying the highest derivative of the second order ODE, subject to initial and boundary conditions, respectively. A computational method is suggested in this paper to solve this system. In this method, we first find the zero order asymptotic expansion approximation of the solution of the weakly coupled system. Then this system is decoupled by approximating the first component of the solution by its zero order asymptotic expansion approximation in the second equation. Finally the second equation is solved by the fitted mesh method (J.J.H. Miller, E. O'Riordan, G.I. Shishkin, in: Error Estimates in the Maximum Norm for Linear Problems in One and Two Dimensions, World Scientific, Singapore, 1996). Numerical experiments are conducted.
Early experiences with the GridFTP protocol using the GRB-GSIFTP library
Authors: Giovanni Aloisio, Massimo Cafaro, Italo Epicoco
Venue: Future Generation Computer Systems (2002)

The ISUFI/High Performance Computing Centre is actively experimenting with a grid infrastructure connecting sites located both in Europe and in the USA. This paper reports on our feasibility study related to the use of the GridFTP protocol for high performance data transfers. We also describe a client library we are developing to provide additional services beyond those provided by the Globus ftp client library and to ease code development.
Testing subgraphs in large graphs
Authors: Noga Alon
Venue: Random Structures Algorithms (2002)

Let H be a fixed graph with h vertices, let G be a graph on n vertices, and suppose that at least εn2 edges have to be deleted from it to make it H-free. It is known that in this case G contains at least f(ε, H)nh copies of H. We show that the largest possible function f(ε, H) is polynomial in ε if and only if H is bipartite. This implies that there is a one-sided error property tester for checking H-freeness, whose query complexity is polynomial in 1/ε, if and only if H is bipartite.
Speeding up the scientific process
Authors: Sam Clanton
Venue: Linux Journal (2003)

Get rapid development and fast number crunching when you integrate critical functions in C into a Matlab project.
A perspective on M-commerce
Authors: Mark S. Lee
Venue: Mobile commerce: technology, theory, and applications (2003)

Several statistics from several industry sources have forecast staggering growth for m-commerce over the next five years. But assuming we believe the statistics, marketers need to understand the dynamics of mobile usage and position themselves to take advantage of this substantial opportunity. While most marketers understand that wireless consumers have different application needs and usage patterns than standard online users, many may be perplexed in finding a logical starting point for developing a marketing approach to m-commerce.This chapter outlines some of the key differences in online consumer behavior and provides a perspective on how marketers might use mobile commerce to stimulate consideration and purchase of their products and services. The chapter shares an approach and an existing application used by The Coca-Cola Company to provide a reference point and to help other marketers understand and leverage mobile commerce as another viable tool in their marketing arsenal.
Internet access for African countries
Authors: Fred Kofi de Heer-Menlah
Venue: Ubiquity (2002)

Exploring the factors that hinder and help the development of Internet access in Africa
Generating physical addresses directly for saving instruction TLB energy
Authors: I. Kadayif, A. Sivasubramaniam, M. Kandemir, G. Kandiraju, G. Chen
Venue: Proceedings of the 35th annual ACM/IEEE international symposium on Microarchitecture (2002)

Power consumption and power density for the Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) are important considerations not only in its design, but can have a consequence on cache design as well. This paper embarks on a new philosophy for reducing the number of accesses to the instruction TLB (iTLB) for power and performance optimizations. The overall idea is to keep a translation currently being used in a register and avoid going to the iTLB as far as possible --- until there is a page change. We propose four different approaches for achieving this, and experimentally demonstrate that one of these schemes that uses a combination of compiler and hardware enhancements can reduce iTLB dynamic power by over 85% in most cases.These mechanisms can work with different instructioncache (iL1) lookup mechanisms and achieve significant iTLB power savings without compromising on performance. Their importance grows with higher iL1 miss rates and larger page sizes. They can work very well with large iTLB structures, that can possibly consume more power and take longer to lookup, without the iTLB getting into the common case. Further, we also experimentally demonstrate that they can provide performance savings for virtually-indexed, virtually-tagged iL1 caches, and can even make physically indexed, physically-tagged iL1 caches a possible choice for implementation.
The environmental information system for the state of Kuwait
Authors: D. Al-Ajmi
Venue: Development and application of computer techniques to environmental studies (2002)

The Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research (KISR) in collaboration with Regional Information Technology and Software Engineering Center (RITSEC) in Egypt has embarked on an accelerated program to improve the information capacity of KISR by creating a national Environmental Information System (EIS). The project's first main task " Global requirement specifications" was jointly executed by the RITSEC and KISR teams. One of the main achievements of this task is the clear laying out of the project scope, and the selection of the marine environment as the main area of concern. The needed information have been identified by two approaches, first is the definition of the information required for subjects deal with various environmental aspects, and the second by the definition of information which are important to the potential beneficiaries. The outputs of these two approaches resulted in the production of comprehensive list of the needed information, and the definition of the main functions needed to support the different environmental aspects. Data availability was investigated on the basis of the information provided by KISR from different sources, in addition to the assessment of workload required for data conversion to digital format. The user orient EIS applications were identified. These included the Geographical Information System (GIS) applications, a data dictionary dealing with storing and retrieval of valuable information from KISR's final projects report, and the development of a selected environmental parameters system.
High-performance thread migration on clusters of SMPs
Authors: Boris Weissman, Benedict Gomes
Venue: Cluster Computing (2001)

Thread migration is established as a mechanism for achieving dynamic load sharing and data locality. However, migration has not been used with fine-grained parallelism on workstation clusters due to the relatively high overheads associated with thread and messaging packages. This paper describes a portable, high performance thread migration system, implemented with user level threads and active messages. The thread system supports an extensible event mechanism which permits an efficient interface between the thread and active message system. Migration is supported by user level primitives; applications may implement different migration policies on top of the migration interface provided. The system runs on a cluster of SMPs and the performance obtained is orders of magnitude better than other reported measurements.
Mobile Agent-Based Performance Management for the Virtual Home Environment
Authors: C. Bohoris, G. Pavlou, A. Liotta
Venue: Journal of Network and Systems Management (2003)

Virtual Home Environment (VHE) encompasses the deployment and management of adaptable services that retain any personalized service aspects, irrespective of terminal, network' and geographic location. We assert that the dynamic nature of the VHE requires management capabilities that can be suitably provided through the use of mobile agent technology. We examine four different engineering solutions for the realization of a VHE performance management component that allows service adaptation in relation to the available network Quality-of-Service (QoS). The mobile agent approach is compared with competing technologies in order to identify the benefits of this novel application of mobile agents, discuss its drawbacks' and finally focus on the lessons learned from our prototype system. Although mobile agents are typically associated with increased performance costs, it is through agent migration that we were able to address the VHE requirements of universality, dynamic programmability, and network technology independence.
Chance discovery and scenario analysis
Authors: Peter McBurney, Simon Parsons
Venue: New Generation Computing (2003)

Scenario analysis is often used to identify possible chance events. However, no formal computational theory yet exists for scenario analysis. In this paper, we commence development of such a theory by defining a scenario in an argumentation context, and by considering the question of when two scenarios are the same.
XML Strategies for Legacy Database Search
Authors: Philip J. Bernhard, Gary Faulkner, Ophir Frieder
Venue: IT Professional (2003)

Applying XML and Web services technologies to your legacy databases can make searches more accurate, efficient, and widely available.
Length-bounded disjoint paths in planar graphs
Authors: H. van der Holst, J. C. de Pina
Venue: Discrete Applied Mathematics (2002)

The following problem is considered: given: an undirected planar graph G = (V,E) embedded in R2, distinct pairs of vertices {r1,s1} ..... {rk,sk} of G adjacent to the unbounded face, positive integers b1,... ,bk and a function l : E → Z+; find: pairwise vertex-disjoint paths P1,...,Pk such that for each i = 1,...,k, Pi is a ri-si-path and the sum of the l-length of all edges in Pi is at most bi. It is shown that the problem is NP-hard in the strong sense. A pseudo-polynomial-time algorithm is given for the case of k = 2.
The Design of an Application Programming Interface for QoS-based Multimedia Middleware
Authors: Christian Conrad, Burkhard Stiller
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd Annual IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks (1997)

With the advent of networked and distributed multimedia applications, requirements of middleware for providing advanced communication services changed. The needs in well suited architectures for delivering unchanged high network performance to multimedia applications and flexible communication services increased. In any case, applications have to access services of multimedia middleware and they are required to be programmed on top of these systems. Therefore, the developed application programming interface takes into account service specifications in terms of Quality-of-Service and an easy-to-use and intuitively programmable communication service for multimedia applications. This interface for advanced multimedia middleware hides away communication-relevant information from applications and provides a minimal set of interface functions and operations.
Fuzzy modeling in terms of surprise
Authors: Arnold Neumaier
Venue: Fuzzy Sets and Systems (2003)

This paper presents a new approach to fuzzy modeling based on the concept of surprise. The new concept is related to the traditional membership function by an antitone transformation. Advantages of the surprise approach include: 1. It has a consistent semantic interpretation. 2. It allows the joint use of quantitative and qualitative knowledge, using simple rules of logic. 3. It is a direct extension of (and allows combination with) the least-squares approach to reconciling conflicting approximate numerical data. 4. It is ideally suited to optimization under imprecise or conflicting goals, specified by a combination of soft and hard interval constraints. 5. It gives a straightforward approach to constructing families of functions consistent with fuzzy associative memories as used in fuzzy control, with tuning parameters (reflecting linguistic ambiguity) that can be adapted to available performance data.
Using Supply Functions for Offering Generation into an Electricity Market
Authors: E. J. Anderson, A. B. Philpott
Venue: Operations Research (2002)

In this paper, we study strategies for generators making offers into electricity markets in circumstances where demand is unknown in advance. We concentrate on a model with smooth supply functions and derive conditions under which a single supply function can represent an optimal response to the offers of the other market participants over a range of demands. In order to apply this approach in practice, it may be necessary to approximate the supply functions of other players. We derive bounds on the loss in revenue that occurs in comparison with the exact supply function response, when a generator uses an approximation both for its own supply function and for the supply functions of other players. We also demonstrate the existence of symmetric supply-function equilibria.
Firm Characteristics and Investments in Information Technology: Scale Andscope Effects
Authors: Sanjeev Dewan, Steven C. Michael, Chung-Ki Min
Venue: Information Systems Research (1998)

This paper conducts an empirical analysis of the link between the scale and scope of the firm and information technology (IT) investments, emphasizing the role of IT in coordination and control. We extend the economic production function framework to include variables related to the boundaries of the firm, including related and unrelated diversification, vertical integration and growth options, and we estimate the resulting model on a data set based on annual surveys of IT spending by large U.S. firms, conducted by Computerworld during the period 1988-1992. Our results suggest that the level of IT investment is positively related to the degree of firm diversification, perhaps reflecting the greater need for coordination of assets within diversified firms. We further find that related diversification demands greater IT investment than unrelated diversification. Firms that are less vertically integrated have a higher level of IT investment. Finally, firms with fewer growth options in their investment opportunity set tend to have a higher IT investment, consistent with an agency perspective which predicts excessive IT investment by managers with "free" cash flow. Put together, these empirical relations between IT investments and firm characteristics help us better understand the role of IT in coordination and control and the choices firms make in information systems and strategy.