ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
An appropriateness framework for the Dutch Meuse decision support system
Authors: Yue-Ping Xu, Martijn J. Booij, Arthur E. Mynett
Venue: Environmental Modelling Software (2007)

Models are essential in a decision support system for river basin management. In a decision support system for integrated planning and management, the use of appropriate models is important to avoid models being either too simple or too complex. In this paper, appropriate models refer to models that are good-enough-but-not-more-than-that to obtain an acceptable ranking of river engineering measures under uncertainty. A systematic approach called 'appropriateness framework' is proposed to determine appropriate models that can be used in a decision support system. The approach is applied to a decision support system for the Dutch Meuse River. One important component of this decision support system, flood safety, is used in this paper to demonstrate how this approach works. The results show that the approach is very useful in helping to determine appropriate models. Potential applications of the approach in other decision support systems are discussed. The approach presented in this paper is designed as a tool to stimulate the communication between decision makers and modelers and to promote the use of models in decision-making for river basin management.
Design space exploration of partially re-configurable embedded processors
Authors: A. Chattopadhyay, W. Ahmed, K. Karuri, D. Kammler, R. Leupers, G. Ascheid, H. Meyr
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe (2007)

In today's embedded processors, performance and flexibility have become the two key attributes. These attributes are often conflicting. The best performance is obtained from custom designed integrated circuits. In contrast, the maximum flexibility is delivered by a general purpose processor. Among the architecture types emerged over the past years to strike an optimum balance between these two attributes, two are prominent. The first ones are Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)-based architectures and the second ones are Application-specific Instruction-set Processors (ASIPs). Depending on the type of application (i.e. stream-like or control-dominated) either one of the abovementioned architecture types is able to deliver high performance or flexibility or both. Consequently, a new design approach with partial re-configurability on the application-specific processor is attracting strong research interest. We call this architecture re-configurable ASIP (rASIP). Currently, the lack of a high-level abstraction of the rASIP limits the designer from trying out various design alternatives because of long and tedious exploration cycles. To address this issue, in this paper, a high-level specification for re-configurable processors is proposed. Furthermore, a seamless design space exploration methodology using this specification is proposed.
Programming parameterised geometric objects in a visual design language
Authors: Omid Banyasad
Venue:  (2006)

A homogeneous view of the components of a parameterised structured design and the programming constructs used for its creation in a design environment has been the major motivation for creating Language for Structured Design (LSD), a visual design language for programming parameterised geometric objects. LSD is based on Lograph, a visual logic programming language, and therefore deals with the syntactical aspects of integrating solids in the programming world, but has no notion of solids in the design world. Hence, LSD needs to utilise a capable solid modeling package in order to achieve its objectives. In another thread, as a visual programming language LSD could substantially benefit from a carefully designed visual programming environment. Accordingly, the research reported here proceeds on two fronts to build the backbone of a debugging environment for LSD. First, we study the foundations of a solid modeling system to serve as the back-end of LSD. Second, we build the mechanics of a debugging environment to utilise the intended solid modeler in conjunction with the logic aspects of LSD programs. To achieve our first objective, we build on the previous formal model of solids for LSD to support the computation of sample looks of objects, required for their depiction in LSD programs and during the execution of LSD, formally define single and multiple behaviours for solids, and the motion of solids. We also show how our formal model can be put into practice by developing a translator which translates solids created in LSD to their representations in the PLaSM language. In order to achieve our second goal, we study certain practical aspects of Lograph which will serve as the underlying language for LSD. This includes extending Lograph to obtain Lograph+C which supports constraint processing, devising an execution mechanism for Lograph and designing an interpreter engine to provide desirable debugging features such as single step execution of LSD programs in both forward and reverse directions, just-in-time programming, lazy design component selection and undo of execution steps. We also present an automatic layout algorithm for dynamically adjusting the layout of queries during animated execution.
On Hit Inflation Techniques and Detection in Streams of Web Advertising Networks
Authors: Ahmed Metwally, Divyakant Agrawal, Amr El Abbad, Qi Zheng
Venue: Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (2007)

Click fraud is jeopardizing the industry of Internet advertising. Internet advertising is crucial for the thriving of the entire Internet, since it allows producers to advertise their products, and hence contributes to the well being of ecommerce. Moreover, advertising supports the intellectual value of the Internet by covering the running expenses of the content publishers' sites. Some publishers are dishonest, and use automation to generate traffic to defraud the advertisers. Similarly, some advertisers automate clicks on the advertisements of their competitors to deplete their competitors' advertising budgets. In this paper, we describe the advertising network model, and discuss the issue of fraud that is an integral problem in such setting. We propose using online algorithms on aggregate data to accurately and proactively detect automated traffic, preserve surfers' privacy, while not altering the industry model. We provide a complete classification of the hit inflation techniques; and devise stream analysis techniques that detect a variety of fraud attacks. We abstract detecting the fraud attacks of some classes as theoretical stream analysis problems that we bring to the data management research community as open problems. A framework is outlined for deploying the proposed detection algorithms on a generic architecture. We conclude by some successful preliminary findings of our attempt to detect fraud on a real network.
Adaptive rate-distortion-based thresholding: application in JPEG compression of mixed images for printing
Authors: M. Ramos
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1999. on 1999 IEEE International Conference - Volume 05 (1999)

We propose a new technique for transform coding based on rate-distortion (RD) optimized thresholding (i.e. discarding) of wasteful coefficients. The novelty in this proposed algorithm is that the distortion measure is made adaptive. We apply the method to the compression of mixed documents (containing text, natural images, and graphics) using JPEG for printing. Although the human visual system's response to compression artifacts varies depending on the region, JPEG applies the same coding algorithm throughout the mixed document. This paper takes advantage of perceptual classification to improve the performance of the standard JPEG implementation via adaptive thresholding, while being compatible with the baseline standard. A computationally efficient classification algorithm is presented, and the improved performance of the classified JPEG coder is verified. Tests demonstrate the method's efficiency compared to regular JPEG and to JPEG using non-adaptive thresholding. The non-stationary nature of distortion perception is true for most signal classes and the same concept can be used elsewhere.
A roadmap for comprehensive online privacy policy management
Authors: Annie I. Antón, Elisa Bertino, Ninghui Li, Ting Yu
Venue: Communications of the ACM (2007)

A framework supporting the privacy policy life cycle helps guide the kind of research to consider before sound privacy answers may be realized.
Continuous-variable quantum information with three-mode Gaussian states: allotment,trade-off, teleportation, and telecloning
Authors: Gerardo Adesso, Alessio Serafini, Fabrizio Illuminati
Venue: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Quantum, Nano, and Micro Technologies (2007)

In this paper we review of the basic properties of threemode Gaussian states and of the known mathematical properties of their entanglement, to proceed with the definition of the residual Gaussian contangle to quantify their multipartite entanglement. We then provide a general recipe to realize pure three-mode Gaussian states with any arbitrary entanglement structure, and present an extensive classification of pure and noisy three-mode Gaussian states into distinct families, characterized by different symmetry and entanglement properties. Equipped with this general theoretical framework, we proceed to study relevant applications to quantum information technologies. We first determine the conditions for obtaining optimal fidelities of three-party teleportation networks, and then address the problem of symmetric and asymmetric telecloning, determining various instances of three-mode states acting as optimal resources for such protocols.
Carrier-Frequency Offset Estimation via the EM Algorithm for MIMO-OFDM Iterative Receivers
Authors: S. Salari, M. Ahmadian, M. Ardebilipour, V. Meghdadi, J. P. Cances
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth Annual Conference on Communication Networks and Services Research (2007)

In this paper, we consider carrier-frequency offset (CFO) estimation issue in a multiple-input multipleoutput (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system using low-density paritycheck (LDPC) codes at transmitter and iterative detection based on the maximum a posteriori expectation-maximization (MAP-EM) demodulator and a soft LDPC decoder at receiver. Based on the EM algorithm, we first present a novel pilot-aided CFO estimator that allows fast Fourier-transform (FFT)- based fast implementation. Then this CFO estimator is incorporated into the initialization step of the iterative receiver. Experimental results show the effectiveness of our receiver design in combating CFO.
The any framework: a pragmatic approach to flexibility
Authors: Kai-Uwe Maetzel, Walter Bischofberger
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd conference on USENIX Conference on Object-Oriented Technologies (COOTS) - Volume 2 (1996)

During the development of Beyond-Sniff, a distributed multi-user development platform, we were confronted with various, apparently unrelated problems: data, control, and user interface integration of distributed components, system configuration, user specific preferences, etc. Undoubtedly, it is not trivial to find solutions for such issues, but C++ makes it even more challenging due to its static nature and insufficient meta-information. To overcome these shortcomings, we implemented a small and powerful framework called Any. The Any framework augments C++ with a flexible, dynamic, garbage-collected data representation mechanism. It serves as a language-independent data integration vehicle and provides data management and declarative retrieval facilities.
TkReplay: record and replay for Tk
Authors: Charles Crowley
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd Annual USENIX Workshop on Tcl/Tk - Volume 3 (1995)

Record and replay of user interactions with a GUI are useful for regression testing and demonstrations. Recording is implemented by intercepting each user action at some point in its processing and saving it in a script file. During replay, the script is read and the user actions (or their effects) are emulated. In X windows, one program can intercept user input events before they get to another program by putting a wrapper around the program. This level of recording is sensitive to changes in window position, fonts, etc. Recording events at the widget level is more robust and closer to the semantics of the program than recording at the X event level. The TkReplay program does this for the Tk toolkit. A number of factors have to be considered when implementing record and replay and these are discussed in the paper. Recording is implemented in Tk by modifying each binding to call a recording program. TkReplay operates as a separate program and uses send to communicate with the Tk program being recorded. Hooks have recently been added to the X toolkit to allow implementation of record and replay at the Xt widget level.
Business Firms' Engagement in Community Projects. Empirical Evidence and Further Developments of the Research
Authors: Andrea Bonaccorsi, Dario Lorenzi, Monica Merito, Cristina Rossi
Venue: Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Emerging Trends in FLOSS Research and Development (2007)

At present, more and more commercial firms are getting involved, to various extents, in the Open Source (OS) movement. While several studies have examined incentives and business models of these OS-based software companies, very few works have investigated whether and how firms actively participate to open projects. This paper contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence on the role and the activities of software houses in community developed projects. The research proposes an original methodology of large-scale primary data collection from OS project repositories and linked web sites. The findings show how different today's OS movement is from its origins and how important firm involvement has become.
Evolving modular genetic regulatory networks
Authors: J. Bongard
Venue: Proceedings of the Evolutionary Computation on 2002. CEC '02. Proceedings of the 2002 Congress - Volume 02 (2002)

We introduce a system that combines ontogenetic development and artificial evolution to automatically design robots in a physics-based, virtual environment. Through lesion experiments on the evolved agents, we demonstrate that the evolved genetic regulatory networks from successful evolutionary runs are more modular than those obtained from unsuccessful runs.
Concurrent Inference on High Level Context Using Alternative Context Construction Trees
Authors: Michael Krause, Claudia Linnhoff-Popien, Markus Strassberger
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Autonomic and Autonomous Systems (2007)

Context aware services rely on context information. However, in many cases this information is not available. In this case, the missing context information can often either be inferred from existing knowledge using different inference approaches, or accessed from external context providers. Thereby, dealing with uncertainty is another major concern. In this paper we present a generic approach called Alternative Context Construction Trees (ACCTs) that enables the concurrent evaluation and consolidation of different alternative inference approaches, like logic rules, Bayesian Networks and CoCoGraphs. In particular, we introduce a common signature structure to make those alternatives comparable in a generic way. Thereby, the approach is able to adapt dynamically to specific service requirements with respect to the accuracy of available context information. In addition, we present so called Bayesian Network Templates that enable a light-weight inference of high-level context information if only probabilistic knowledge about the causal interdependencies of context artifacts is available.
Rediscovering workflow models from event-based data using little thumb
Authors: A. J. M. M. Weijters, W. M. P. van der Aalst
Venue: Integrated Computer-Aided Engineering (2003)

Contemporary workflow management systems are driven by explicit process models, i.e., a completely specified workflow design is required in order to enact a given workflow process. Creating a workflow design is a complicated time-consuming process and typically, there are discrepancies between the actual workflow processes and the processes as perceived by the management. Therefore, we propose a technique for rediscovering workflow models. This technique uses workflow logs to discover the workflow process as it is actually being executed. The workflow log contains information about events taking place. We assume that these events are totally ordered and each event refers to one task being executed for a single case. This information can easily be extracted from transactional information systems (e.g., Enterprise Resource Planning systems such as SAP and Baan). The rediscovering technique proposed in this paper can deal with noise and can also be used to validate workflow processes by uncovering and measuring the discrepancies between prescriptive models and actual process executions.
Automatic image-to-site model registration
Authors: X. Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 04 (1996)

Image-to-site model registration is critical to model supported exploitation of aerial and satellite imagery. This paper presents a fully-automatic registration method. This method uses a multi-resolution image-to-image registration process assuming both affine and projective transformations to determine and refine the locations of 3D control points in the new image. Camera resection is subsequently accomplished. Registration results obtained on real imagery show good performance.
Improving Performance and Quality in Content-Based Medical Image Retrieval
Authors: Antonio da Luz Jr., Daniel D. Abdala, Aldo v. Wangenheim, Eros Comunello
Venue: Proceedings of the Twentieth IEEE International Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems (2007)

The lack of content-based retrieval models capable to provide fast and relevant results is one of the reasons why CBMIR tools have not yet became present in radiological routines. This work presents a methodology for CBMIR in order to help solve this deficiency. Tests performed have shown a reduction of 95.5% of the execution time for retrieval processes. The relevance of the results is assured by the categorization of the cases in the Case Base. The class of cases is defined through pseudo-semantics and visual attributes.
Reliable Hierarchical Data Storage in Sensor Networks
Authors: Song Lin, Benjamin Arai, Dimitrios Gunopulos
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management (2007)

The ability to provide reliable in-network storage while balancing the energy consumption of individual sensors is a primary concern when deploying a sensor network. The main concern with data-centric storage in sensor networks is the ability to provide reliable and load balanced stor- age. Energy and wireless range constraints make central- ized approaches for storage impractical, and in-network data-centric solutions can be used to reduce the number of messages sent over the network. However, these solu- tions quickly become expensive when combined with fault- tolerance, load balancing and routing. In this paper, we present a novel data-centric storage and query routing mechanism for sensor networks. The routing mechanism is constructed upon the neighborhood information of indi- vidual sensors and is completely independent of geograph- ical information. Our data resilient algorithm is capable of recovering from multiple simultaneous failures in the net- work while adaptively adjusting the load distribution of the newly generated sensor data. Comprehensive experiments on both real-world and synthetic data sets indicate that our approach is more effective and efficient than the previously proposed solutions.
On the finite sample behavior of the constant modulus cost
Authors: A. Leshem
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 05 (2000)

We study the location of local minima of the finite sample approximation to the constant modulus cost function. This paper concentrates on source separation. The main result is a connection between the number of samples and the probability of obtaining a local minimum of the finite approximation within a given sphere around the local minimum of the CM cost function. The motivations for our study are two problems: equalization of communication signals, and blind separation of a desired signal in multiuser environment. In order to maintain simplicity we focus on the case of blind beamforming which is somewhat simpler to analyze.
Architecture and Key Technologies of Streaming Media of Cultural Grid
Authors: Jinzhi Zhou, JianGuo Ma, Jing Wu, Lusha Zheng, Jing Shen
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Networking and Services (2007)

There are some inherent defectiveness in the present framework which is used to acquire and exploit streaming media cultural resource, such as: the users of broadcasting television network have to teleview at the specific time, the users of Internet have to search the content initiatively with some connotative sharing collisions and so on. The architecture of streaming media technology based on the cultural grid without collision is described in this paper. The key technologies of streaming media in cultural grid, including collateral broadcasting and storing of streaming media information, the multiplexing of the streaming media information, the indexing of the streaming media content are introduced in detail. Finally the scaling-down experiment scheme is presented.
The performance of engineering students on the Group Embedded Figures Test
Authors: S. Clark
Venue: Proceedings of the 30th Annual Frontiers in Education - Volume 01 (2000)

The Group Embedded Figures Test (GEFT) measures the ability of a person to disembed or pull out specified objects from a given background. The ability to disembed has been shown to be a necessary skill in problem solving and is consequently thought of as a necessary trait for individuals interested in engineering. Therefore, the GEFT has the potential to be used as a predictor of student success in an engineering program. In order to test this hypothesis, the GEFT was given to undergraduate engineering students (with both high and low academic success) and to a control group of liberal arts students at The University of Tennessee in Knoxville. The paper presents the results of the comparisons and the implications for improving engineering student performance.