ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
FuzzySTAR: Fuzzy set theory of axiomatic design review
Authors: George Q. Huang, Zuhua Jiang
Venue: Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing (2002)

Product development involves multiple phases. Design review (DR) is an essential activity formally conducted to ensure a smooth transition from one phase to another. Such a formal DR is usually a multicriteria decision problem, involving multiple disciplines. This paper proposes a systematic framework for DR using fuzzy set theory. This fuzzy approach to DR is considered particularly relevant for several reasons. First, information available at early design phases is often incomplete and imprecise. Second, the relationships between the product design parameters and the review criteria cannot usually be exactly expressed by mathematical functions due to the enormous complexity. Third, DR is frequently carried out using subjective expert judgments with some degree of uncertainty. The DR is defined as the reverse mapping between the design parameter domain and design requirement (review criterion) domain, as compared with Suh's theory of axiomatic design. Fuzzy sets are extensively introduced in the definitions of the domains and the mapping process to deal with imprecision, uncertainty, and incompleteness. A simple case study is used to demonstrate the resulting fuzzy set theory of axiomatic DR.
Maximising student exposure to networking using FreeBSD virtual hosts
Authors: Grenville Armitage
Venue: ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review (2003)

A Remote Unix Lab Environment (RULE) is being developed that allows student access to networked hosts for their coursework and research projects. This paper describes our first generation solution using FreeBSD's "jail" functionality to emulate many FreeBSD hosts on a small handful of physical machines. Our primary constraint is to minimise the incremental infastructure cost to the Univeristy. Students access the RULE hosts through pre-existing PC labs scattered around campus and 802.11-equipped laptops. The FreeBSD hosts themselves are rackmounted in a small back room, minimising their impact on scarce University lab space. This paper describes our requirements, trade-offs, available tools, and how specific FreeBSD features are being utilized to create multiple virtual hosts for teaching purposes.
Performance Evaluation Model for Buyer-Carts in B2B EC
Authors: Gyoo Gun Lim, Jae Kyu Lee
Venue: Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 37th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'04) - Track 7 - Volume 7 (2004)

Even though B2B EC is becoming popular, there have been not so much studies about performance evaluation methodology for B2B systems. In this paper, after analyzing buyer-carts systematically focusing on the buyer's interactional efforts on the typical buyingprocesses of each buyer-cart, we propose a quantitative performance evaluation model. For this, we categorize buyer-carts in B2B EC as s-cart, i-cart, and b-cart depending upon its residing sites: seller, intermediary, and buyer sites. And after proposing the desired features of buyer-carts in B2B EC as identification, collection, trashing, ordering, payment, tracking, recording, purchasing decision support, and transmission of records to e-procurement systems, we derive a performance evaluation model by calculating detail sub-processes from the desired features' viewpoints. By setting variables from interviews of business buyers in 30 listed companies in Korea, we try to evaluate the performance of buyer-carts in B2B EC. In this paper, we suggest a new methodology of performance evaluation for B2B systems, and showthat the b-cart platform is more efficient than other buyer-carts especially in B2B EC.
Patterns for encapsulating speech interface design solutions for older adults
Authors: Mary Zajicek
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 conference on Universal usability (2003)

An increasing number of older adults will need to use computers and computer related systems in the future to avoid social exclusion and enable them to live more independently in the future. There are therefore currently many interface designers searching for pointers to good design for older adults, a user group which is significantly different from the mainstream younger user groups mainly as a result of age associated impairments. There is currently no detailed body of knowledge from which interface designers can learn how to cater for this user group. This paper suggests a framework for encapsulating good interface design for older adults which is based on rigorous experimental work and sets out the findings in the form of patterns, a representation which has already been used successfully in the domain of software engineering and architecture.A robust framework for interface design is particularly important as those designing systems for older adults tend to be younger people who have no concept of what it is like interact with computerized systems as an older person with the age associated impairments.
Perturbation of Eigenvalues for Matrix Polynomials via The Bauer--Fike Theorems
Authors: Eric King-wah Chu
Venue: SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis and Applications (2003)

In earlier papers, the Bauer--Fike technique [F. L. Bauer and C. T. Fike, Numer. Math., 2 (1960), pp. 137--144] was applied to the eigenvalue problem $A{\bf x} = \lambda {\bf x}$ [E. K.-W. Chu, Numer. Math., 49 (1986), pp. 685--691] and the generalized eigenvalue problem $A{\bf x} = \lambda B{\bf x}$ [E. K.-W. Chu, SIAM J. Numer. Anal., 24 (1987), pp. 1114--1125]. General multiple eigenvalues were dealt with and perturbation results were obtained for individual as well as clusters of eigenvalues. In this paper, we shall generalize the technique to the eigenvalue problem for matrix polynomials. Multiple eigenvalues for monic as well as regular matrix polynomials will be considered.
Graphical user interface energy characterization for handheld computers
Authors: Lin Zhong, Niraj K. Jha
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 international conference on Compilers, architecture and synthesis for embedded systems (2003)

A significant fraction of the software and resource usage of a modern handheld computer is devoted to its graphical user interface (GUI). Moreover, GUIs are direct users of the display and also determine how users interact with software. Given that displays consume a significant fraction of system energy, it is very important to optimize GUIs for energy consumption. This work presents the first GUI energy characterization methodology. Energy consumption is characterized for three popular GUI platforms (Windows, X Window system, and Qt) from the hardware, software, and application perspectives. Based on this characterization, insights are offered for improving GUI platforms, and designing GUIs in an energy-efficient and aware fashion. Such a characterization also provides a firm basis for further research on GUI energy optimization.
Optimizing result prefetching in web search engines with segmented indices
Authors: Ronny Lempel, Shlomo Moran
Venue: ACM Transactions on Internet Technology (TOIT) (2004)

We study the process in which search engines with segmented indices serve queries. In particular, we investigate the number of result pages that search engines should prepare during the query processing phase.Search engine users have been observed to browse through very few pages of results for queries that they submit. This behavior of users suggests that prefetching many results upon processing an initial query is not efficient, since most of the prefetched results will not be requested by the user who initiated the search. However, a policy that abandons result prefetching in favor of retrieving just the first page of search results might not make optimal use of system resources either.We argue that for a certain behavior of users, engines should prefetch a constant number of result pages per query. We define a concrete query processing model for search engines with segmented indices, and analyze the cost of such prefetching policies. Based on these costs, we show how to determine the constant that optimizes the prefetching policy. Our results are mostly applicable to local index partitions of the inverted files, but are also applicable to processing short queries in global index architectures.
Fortran: a comparison of the new proposed language (1976) to the old standard (1966)
Authors: John D. Woolley
Venue: ACM SIGPLAN Notices (1977)

This document is intended to rapidly acquaint the reader with the changes that have occurred in the Fortran language in the past decade. It assumes some familiarity with the Fortran currently in use.
An Algebraic Multigrid Method for Linear Elasticity
Authors: Michael Griebel, Daniel Oeltz, Marc Alexander Schweitzer
Venue: SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing (2003)

We present an algebraic multigrid (AMG) method for the efficient solution of linear block-systems stemming from a discretization of a system of partial differential equations (PDEs). It generalizes the classical AMG approach for scalar problems to systems of PDEs in a natural blockwise fashion. We apply this approach to linear elasticity and show that the block interpolation, described in this paper, reproduces the rigid body modes, i.e., the kernel elements of the discrete linear elasticity operator. It is well known from geometric multigrid methods that this reproduction of the kernel elements is an essential property to obtain convergence rates which are independent of the problem size. We furthermore present results of various numerical experiments in two and three dimensions. They confirm that the method is robust with respect to variations of the Poisson ratio $\nu$. We obtain rates $\rho<0.4$ for $\nu<0.4$. These measured rates clearly show that the method provides fast convergence for a large variety of discretized elasticity problems.
Reduction of coupling effects by optimizing the 3-D configuration of the routing grid
Authors: Atsushi Sakai, Takashi Yamada, Yoshifumi Matsushita, Hiroto Yasuura
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems (2003)

In this brief, we propose a new physical design technique for a subquarter micrometer system-on-a-chip (SoC). By optimizing the individual layer's routing grid space, coupling effects such as crosstalk noise, crosstalk-induced delay variations, and coupling power consumption are almost eliminated with little runtime penalty. Experiments are performed on the design of an image processing circuit using a subquarter micron CMOS process with multilayer interconnects. Simply by employing our proposed technique, the maximum delay and the power consumption can be decreased simultaneously by up to 15% and 10%, respectively, without any other process improvements.
Multi-heuristic list scheduling genetic algorithm for task scheduling
Authors: Andy Auyeung, Iker Gondra, H. K. Dai
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 ACM symposium on Applied computing (2003)

Scheduling tasks on a multi-processor system involves making a choice as to the order in which several tasks can be executed and assigned to processors. The problem is to find a schedule that will minimize the execution time of a program. Because task scheduling on a multi-processor system is known to be an NP-complete problem, many heuristics have been developed, each of which may find optimal or near optimal schedulings under different circumstances. List Scheduling, in particular, employs heuristics to choose among all tasks that are ready to be executed, the combination of tasks that should be scheduled in the next cycle. It does this by keeping a list of "ready" tasks which is prioritized based on a particular heuristic. In this paper, we present four common heuristics used by List Scheduling and compare their performance with that of our multi-heuristic based solution.The proposed solution is to use a genetic algorithm to find a combination of the four heuristics that, for a particular instance of the task scheduling problem, outperforms a scheduling based on only one of the four heuristics. We believe that, by using a mixture of the four heuristics, the size of the subset of all possible schedulings that we search increases and thus we have a higher chance of finding a better scheduling. The results of our experiments show that schedulings found with the proposed multi-heuristic list scheduling genetic algorithm outperforms those found with each one of the four list scheduling heuristics alone.
Analysis of Systems of Anisotropic Media Dynamic Consolidation
Authors: V. V. Skopetskii, O. A. Marchenko
Venue: Cybernetics and Systems Analysis (2003)

A mixed initial boundary-value problem for the system of equations of dynamic consolidation of water-saturated soils is considered. Error estimates are obtained for time-continuous and fully discrete approximate generalized solutions based on the finite element method.
The BTRC Bluetooth remote control system
Authors: Fridtjof Feldbusch, Alexander Paar, Manuel Odendahl, Ivan Ivanov
Venue: Personal and Ubiquitous Computing (2003)

AbstractEmerging radio technologies like WLAN and Bluetooth enable electronic devices of any kind to communicate with one another. A simple and easy to implement application layer protocol called BTRC protocol was developed allowing devices to exchange data of any kind and format over different protocols like TCP/IP or Bluetooth. Based upon this protocol a universal remote control system was implemented. Software applications simulating cellular phones and personal digital assistants (PDA) were developed as remote control devices. BTRC server devices send their graphical XML based user interface to the remote control. In this way, the use of household devices is simplified significantly.
Designing accessible auditory drag and drop
Authors: Fredrik Winberg, Sten Olof Hellstrom
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 conference on Universal usability (2003)

This paper presents an audio-only version of drag and drop. By continuously presenting the information, using auditory zooming at two different levels and absolute positioning of the cursor, a blind user is able to get an overview, locate and interact with a specific object. Two user studies on two different versions have been made in order to get input to the design process and to evaluate the ideas. The results points at the importance of being able to customize the interface and to provide an overview of all interface objects.
Issues and strategies for integrating HCI in masters level MIS and e-commerce programs
Authors: Susy S. Chan, Rosalee J. Wolfe, Xiaowen Fang
Venue: International Journal of Human-Computer Studies (2003)

Human-computer interaction (HCI) is an important knowledge component for graduate management information systems (MIS) and E-commerce (EC) programs. HCI topics, such as user-centered design and usability testing, have begun to receive increasing attention in MIS/ EC curricula because of their importance in the development of Web-based solutions. This paper discusses issues and approaches for integrating HCI topics into masters level MIS/EC programs. Research on HCI topics related to MIS provides a theoretical foundation for student learning. By bridging research with these curricula, researchers are challenged to examine how HCI approaches can improve user acceptance of new systems. A case study illustrates how HCI topics can be taught as a stand-alone course or incorporated in existing MIS/EC courses. Drawing from the case study, the paper also addresses pedagogical challenges regarding student skill sets, learning outcomes, innovative pedagogies, tools and technology, and HCI issues for advanced IS/EC topics.
A multi-agent approach to modeling and simulation of transport on demand problem
Authors: Pablo Gruer, Vincent Hilaire, Jaroslaw Kozlak, Abder Koukam
Venue: Artificial intelligence and security in computing systems (2003)

This document focuses on a model of multi-agent system for simulation of transport on demand. The system performs efficient allocation of vehicles to dynamically incoming transport orders. The advantages of a multi-agent approach in comparison to the traditional operational research approaches and a short overview of the works in the multi-agent domain on the problem of transport planning and scheduling are given.
Alien intimacies: hearing science fiction narratives in Hildegard Westerkamp's Cricket Voice (or &lsquo;I don't like the country, the crickets make me nervous&rsquo;)
Authors: Andra McCartney
Venue: Organised Sound (2002)

This paper discusses listener responses to a contemporary soundscape composition based on the sound of a cricket. Soundscape composers make works based on everyday sounds and sound environments, usually recorded by themselves (Truax 1984, 1996). While the composer of this piece aims to bring listeners closer to the sounds around them by creating audio pieces based on these sounds (Westerkamp 1988), some listeners feel fear and anxiety rather than the heightened closeness and understanding that she wishes listeners to experience. I compare the sound structure of Cricket Voice with close listening to excerpts of the film soundtrack of Ridley Scott's Alien as well as a short excerpt from the soundtrack of the X Files, discussing how science fiction film and television soundtracks index sonic intimacy with different intent from that of Westerkamp, and raising questions about how such approaches to intimacy might simultaneously reflect and intensify urban anxieties about the sounds of &lsquo;alien&rsquo; species that are associated with wilderness environments.
Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
Venue: Conference On Embedded Networked Sensor Systems (2003)

It is our great pleasure to welcome you to the first ever ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems; in short form, ACM SenSys'03, which takes place in Los Angeles on November 5-7, 2003.This conference, the first of a planned series of annual meetings with a highly selective, single-track technical program and a hands-on research exhibition, has been established to serve as the premier forum covering research on systems issues in the emerging area of embedded, networked sensors. These systems, consisting of intelligent, communicating sensors and actuators, have the potential to revolutionize a wide array of application areas by exploiting fundamental innovations in computing, networking and communication.This conference is intended to involve multiple fields, including wireless communication, networking, operating systems, architecture, low-power circuits, distributed algorithms, data processing, scheduling, sensors, energy harvesting, and signal processing. SenSys provides a cross-disciplinary venue for researchers in which to address the rich space of networked sensor system design issues, and to interact and exchange recent results.An exciting and high quality technical program was put together by David Culler and Mani Srivastava, with the help of an exceptional panel of experts in the form of the technical program committee members. We were most fortunate to have David and Mani as Program Chairs to launch SenSys on a path of academic excellence and practical relevance; we express our sincere thanks to both of them.We also have an exceptional student poster session on very timely topics put together by Bhaskar Krishnamachari and Sylvia Ratnasamy, and a very rich set of demonstrations planned for the demo session arranged by John Heidemann and Fabio Silva. We thank them all for an excellent job and these two very important contributions to the program.A number of panels and social events will provide opportunities for discussions, debates and exchange of information among conference participants.
Number of mutual connections in neighborhoods and its application to self-diagnosable systems
Authors: Kiyoaki Yoshida, Yasumasa Sujaku, Tohru Kohda
Venue: Information Processing Letters (2003)

This paper gives a set of discriminators (sufficient conditions) to identify the possibility of embedding optimal, highly structured systems on regular graphs for the purpose of self-diagnosis. The discrimination process is only a set of straightforward matrix computations; however, the discriminator is powerful and leads to the result that most of the typical graphs representing interconnection networks such as Cayley graphs can be embedded by the highly structured systems. The highly structured system has an O(|E|) fault-identification algorithm that can diagnose each of the units independently, locally and in any order, where |E| means the cardinality of the set of edges.
Theoretical structural and relative stability studies of isomeric and conformeric forms of XOOY peroxides (X=H, CH3, Cl,Br,I,Y=Cl,Br)
Authors: Agnie M. Kosmas
Venue: Proceedings of the international conference on Computational methods in sciences and engineering (2003)

Ab initio quantum mechanical studies are carried out for the conformeric and isomeric forms of several chlorine and bromine peroxides, XOOCI and XOOBr, (X=H, CH3, Cl, Br, I) of interest in stratospheric halogen chemistry. The calculations indicate interesting trends in the nature of halogen-oxygen bonding. In particular both the halogen-oxygen bond distances and the relative stability ordering results show a notable dependence on the ionic character of the bond and the electronegativity of X fragment.
Adaptive medical information delivery: combining user, situation, and task models
Authors: Luis Francisco-Revilla, Frank M. Shipman,  III
Venue: ACM SIGWEB Newsletter (1999)

Medical information delivery for users with different levels of expertise will be required for the manned mission to Mars due to limited potential for communication with Earth. The Mars Medical Assistant uses a combination of user, situation, and task models to create virtual hypertext structures by piecing together medical "information components." Determination of which information components will be shown to the user and in what order is based on both the semantic content of the component and the cognitive characteristics of the component's media type. The medical assistant currently supports three tasks: 1) describing medical procedures, 2) aiding diagnosis, and 3) providing information on health concerns.
Remarks on Observable Linear Equations in Total Differentials
Authors: I. V. Gaishun
Venue: Automation and Remote Control (2004)

For completely integrable nonstationary systems in total differentials, conditions for observability, direction observability, and point observability were obtained. Relation between these notions was established, and their robustness (insensitivity to small perturbations of coefficients) was proved.
Ontology-focused crawling of Web documents
Authors: Marc Ehrig, Alexander Maedche
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 ACM symposium on Applied computing (2003)

The Web, the largest unstructured database of the world, has greatly improved access to documents. However, documents on the Web are largely disorganized. Due to the distributed nature of the World Wide Web it is difficult to use it as a tool for information and knowledge management. Therefore, users doing the difficult task of exploring the Web have to be supported by intelligent means.This paper proposes an approach for document discovery building on a comprehensive framework for ontology-focused crawling of Web documents. Our framework includes means for using a complex ontology and associated instance elements. It defines several relevance computation strategies and provides an empirical evaluation which has shown promising results.