ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
A Study on Effective Comprehension Support by Assortment of Multiple Comprehension Support Methods
Authors: Manabu Nakamura, Yoshiki Kawaguchi, Noriyuki Iwane, Setsuko Otsuki, Yukihiro Matsubara
Venue: Proceeding of the 2005 conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education: Supporting Learning through Intelligent and Socially Informed Technology (2005)

This paper proposes an effective comprehension support by an assortment of multiple comprehension support methods. Each comprehension support method has strong and weak points. However, comprehension support methods can play complementary roles. These methods can be combined so that these methods may play complementary roles and more effective comprehension support can be achieved by this combination. We constructed a compound comprehension support system by assorting multiple comprehension support methods. The evaluation of this system is given in this paper.
Why is this Wrong? --Diagnosing Erroneous Speech Recognizer Output with a Two Phase Parser
Authors: Bernd Ludwig, Martin Hacker
Venue: Proceeding of the 2008 conference on ECAI 2008: 18th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence (2008)

A major problem of understanding language in spoken dialog systems is to detect recognition errors in the output of a speech recognizer. Such a capability is the basis of implementing repair strategies that allow a dialog system to handle communication about misunderstandings similarly to other clarifications. In this paper we present a two-phase approach that combines chunk and dependency parsing and takes the global syntactic structure of recognizer output into account. This enables us to identify dependencies between chunks and detect syntactical errors caused by word confusions in case dependency constraints are violated. Finally, we apply these diagnostics to dialog modeling and discuss how the resulting error information can be used by clarification strategies.
Adapting Process-Oriented Learning Design to Group Characteristics
Authors: Yongwu Miao, Ulrich Hoppe
Venue: Proceeding of the 2005 conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education: Supporting Learning through Intelligent and Socially Informed Technology (2005)

IMS LD supports the design of personalized learning by adapting activities and other process elements to personal characteristics. This paper presents a new idea to adjust activities and elements to group characteristics for supporting 'groupalized' or group-adapted learning. This may help to improve effectiveness and efficiency of group-based collaborative learning. Our approach to formalize adaptive learning designs for groupalization is based on an extension of IMS LD. As a first “proof of concept”, a fully implemented prototype system is presented.
Is the Enhancement of School Science by New Technologies Best Supported by Financial Backing or a Continual Web-Based Regional Development Network?
Authors: R. Tweats
Venue: Proceeding of the 2007 conference on Supporting Learning Flow through Integrative Technologies (2007)

The United Kingdom has tried and tested many different approaches to enhancing the science curriculum for 14--16 year olds utilising the advances of new technologies. However, there seems to be a chasm developing between knowing that ICT can be very beneficial to the teaching and actually training science teachers to use the technology effectively in their own practice. The author of this paper has had experience of both teaching science in the classroom and evaluating several UK initiatives in the area of ICT in science education. This paper shares some of the findings from two of the most recent projects related to this area and raises questions to the validity of the successes claimed by electronic based support networks.
A Novel Web-based Collaborative Learning Supporting System with Navigation Function
Authors: Tian Chenyuan, Zuoliang Chen, Shigayeshi Watanabe
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on Learning by Effective Utilization of Technologies: Facilitating Intercultural Understanding (2006)

This paper describes a novel collaborative learning supporting system operating on the web and its experiment data analysis. We insist that in the Web-based Collaborative Learning Supporting (WCLS) system, the individual-paced learning process rather than the group-paced learning process should play the main role. The relationship of individual-paced learning and group-paced learning in WCLS system should be that the group-paced serves the individual-paced. To verify this idea we designed a WCLS, which has two navigation windows; one is Page Navigation (PN), and the other is Discussion Navigation (DN). Finally, we carried out a contrast experiment; two groups of students learned the same web-based textbook and took the same test, the result shows that the group using the navigation function outperforms the group who didn't use the navigation function by about 6 percentage points.
Swing: realistic and responsive network traffic generation
Authors: Kashi Venkatesh Vishwanath, Amin Vahdat
Venue: IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON) (2009)

This paper presents Swing, a closed-loop, network-responsive traffic generator that accurately captures the packet interactions of a range of applications using a simple structural model. Starting from observed traffic at a single point in the network, Swing automatically extracts distributions for user, application, and network behavior. It then generates live traffic corresponding to the underlying models in a network emulation environment running commodity network protocol stacks. We find that the generated traffic is statistically similar to the original traffic. Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, we are the first to reproduce burstiness in traffic across a range of time-scales using a model applicable to a variety of network settings. An initial sensitivity analysis reveals the importance of our individual model parameters to accurately reproduce such burstiness. Finally, we explore Swing's ability to vary user characteristics, application properties, and wide-area network conditions to project traffic characteristics into alternate scenarios.
Fuzzy Group Decision Making Method and Its Application
Authors: Cheng Wang, Zhongcheng Zhang, Congjun Rao
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Neural Networks on Advances in Neural Networks (2009)

This paper studies the problems of fuzzy multi-attribute group decision making in which the attribute values are given in the form of linguistic fuzzy numbers, and presents a new fuzzy group decision making method. Firstly, some definitions and conclusions about trapezoidal fuzzy numbers are given. Secondly, an operator named TOWA is presented to aggregate the trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. Thirdly, a new method is presented for the problems of fuzzy multi-attribute group decision making via the TOWA operator and grey relative degree. Finally, this new method is applied in the problem of official evaluation and selection. Therefore, a feasible and effective way is obtained to solve the problems of fuzzy multi-attribute group decision making under the uncertain environments.
Estimating programming knowledge with Bayesian knowledge tracing
Authors: Jussi Kasurinen, Uolevi Nikula
Venue: Proceedings of the 14th annual ACM SIGCSE conference on Innovation and technology in computer science education (2009)

In this paper we present a concept for three-phase measuring method, which can be used to obtain data on student learning. The focus of this method lies on the technical aspects of learning programming, answering questions like which programming constructs students applied and how large portion of the students understood the concepts of programming language. The model is based on three consecutive measurements, which are used to observe the student errors, applied programming structures and an application of a Bayesian learning model to determine the programming knowledge. So far the model has produced results which confirm prior knowledge on student learning, indicating that the concept is feasible for further development. Despite of the early development phase of the method, it offers a straightforward way for teacher to assess the course contents and student performance.
Focused Ensemble Selection: A Diversity-Based Method for Greedy Ensemble Selection
Authors: Ioannis Partalas, Grigorios Tsoumakas, Ioannis Vlahavas
Venue: Proceeding of the 2008 conference on ECAI 2008: 18th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence (2008)

Ensemble selection deals with the reduction of an ensemble of predictive models in order to improve its efficiency and predictive performance. A number of ensemble selection methods that are based on greedy search of the space of all possible ensemble subsets have recently been proposed. This paper contributes a novel method, based on a new diversity measure that takes into account the strength of the decision of the current ensemble. Experimental comparison of the proposed method, dubbed Focused Ensemble Selection (FES), against state-of-the-art greedy ensemble selection methods shows that it leads to small ensembles with high predictive performance.
OMBO: An opponent modeling approach
Authors: Agapito Ledezma, Ricardo Aler Araceli Sanchis Daniel Borrajo
Venue: AI Communications (2009)

In competitive domains, some knowledge about the opponent can give players a clear advantage. This idea led many people to propose approaches that automatically acquire models of opponents, based only on the observation of their input-output behavior. If opponent outputs could be accessed directly, a model can be constructed by feeding a machine learning method with traces of the behavior of the opponent. However, that is not the case in the RoboCup domain where an agent does not have direct access to the opponent inputs and outputs. Rather, the agent sees the opponent behavior from its own point of view and inputs and outputs (actions) have to be inferred from observation. In this paper, we present an approach to model low-level behavior of individual opponent agents. First, we build a classifier to infer and label opponent actions based on observation. Second, our agent observes an opponent and labels its actions using the previous classifier. From these observations, machine learning techniques generate a model that predicts the opponent actions. Finally, the agent uses the model to anticipate opponent actions. In order to test our ideas, we have created an architecture called OMBO (Opponent Modeling Based on Observation). Using OMBO, a striker agent can anticipate goalie actions. Results show that in this striker-goalie scenario, scores are significantly higher using the acquired opponent's model of actions.
Argument Theory Change: Revision Upon Warrant
Authors: Nicolás D. Rotstein, Martín O. Moguillansky, Marcelo A. Falappa, Alejandro J. García, Guillermo R. Simari
Venue: Proceeding of the 2008 conference on Computational Models of Argument: Proceedings of COMMA 2008 (2008)

We propose an abstract argumentation theory whose dynamics is captured by the application of belief revision concepts. The theory is deemed as abstract because both the underlying logic for arguments and argumentative semantics remain unspecified. Regarding our approach to argument theory change, we define some basic change operations along with their necessary theoretical elements towards the definition of a warrant-prioritized revision operation. This kind of revision expands the theory by an argument and then applies a contraction ensuring that the added argument can be believed afterwards.
Multiple Trend Breaks and Unit Root Hypothesis: Empirical Evidence from China's GDP(1952-2006)
Authors: Shusheng Li, Zhao-Hui Liang
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Neural Networks: Advances in Neural Networks - Part III (2009)

Whether shocks to macroeconomic time series should be regarded as permanent or temporary has been an ongoing debate. Under the unit root hypothesis random shocks have a permanent effect on the system, and the alternative is that fluctuations are transitory. We apply the ADF test on the real GDP series of China from 1952 to 2006 by allowing for the possibility of two exogenous break points happened in 1961 and 1989 respectively. We find more evidence against the unit root hypothesis, meaning that the shocks on China's economy system are transitory except some significant events like the Great Natural Disaster in 1961 and the economy of China always grows around a stable trend path.
A Procedural Planning System for Goal Oriented Agents in Games
Authors: Yingying She, Peter Grogono
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd Canadian Conference on Artificial Intelligence: Advances in Artificial Intelligence (2009)

This paper explores a procedural planning system for the control of game agents in real time. The planning methodology we present is based on offline goal-oriented behavioral design, and is implemented as a procedural planning system in real-time. Our design intends to achieve efficiency of planning in order to have smooth run-time animation generation. Our experimental results show that the approach is capable of improving agent control for real-time goal processing in games.
A real-time configurable synchronization protocol for self-suspending process sets
Authors: Ya-Shu Chen, Li-Pin Chang
Venue: Real-Time Systems (2009)

While several of researchers have proposed excellent protocols on resource synchronization, little work has been done for processes that might suspend themselves for I/O access, especially when they tend to be more tolerant to multiple priority inversions. This paper presents research results extended from the concept of priority ceilings with the objective of satisfying different priority-inversion requirements for different processes. We aim at practical considerations in which processes might voluntarily give up CPU and be willing to receive more blocking time than those in more traditional approaches. Extensions on the proposed scheduling protocols for deadlock prevention are also considered.
Go/No-Go testing of VCO modulation RF transceivers through the delayed-RF setup
Authors: Erkan Acar, Sule Ozev
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems (2007)

The increasing share of test and packaging as a percentage of the overall cost for RF transceivers necessitate, radically test new approaches to both wafer-level and final production testing. We present a new system-level test setup for voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) modulating transceiver architectures that we call the delayed-RF setup, along with a novel, all-digital design-for-testability (DFT) modification that enables coverage of the most important system-level specifications. The delayed-RF setup can be used during wafer sort, thus preventing the packaging of nonfunctional dies. Based on this setup and the DFT technique, we present an automatic test development methodology for FM transceivers using frequency-domain signature analysis. We develop two distinct pass/fail criteria based on eigensignatures and envelope signatures and a test generation algorithm that aims at minimizing the required delay while attaining full coverage of target faults. We develop a fault injection and simulation platform for a VCO-modulation, low-IF transceiver architecture using MATLAB and behavioral models including nonideal response. The proposed methodology enables the automation of the test generation process, thus reduces the test development time. Experimental results have shown a 90% reduction in the required delay thereby reducing the cost of this test hardware item.
Using Agents for Enhancing Learning Effects in an Advanced Discussion Forum
Authors: Yuejun Zhang, Kinshuk, Øyvind Smestad, Jingyu Yang, Lynn Jeffery
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on Learning by Effective Utilization of Technologies: Facilitating Intercultural Understanding (2006)

Software agents have long been used in educational environments to provide learning support. This paper describes an agent-based approach in a value-added online discussion forum system to facilitate enhanced interactions. The system deploys a multi-agent architecture in which four types of agents collaborate with one another to undertake tasks delegated by teachers and students. This multi-agent architecture has enabled several tertiary educational institutions in New Zealand to build a shared discussion platform that integrates their current learning management systems. Based on the monitoring of student activities, the system presents many advanced functionalities such as formation of formal answers to repeatedly raised questions (FAQs), delivery of useful messages to appropriate individuals, and organization of study groups with compatible students.
Applying Weighted Learning Object to Build Adaptive Course in E-learning
Authors: Anh Nguyen Viet, Dam Ho Si
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on Learning by Effective Utilization of Technologies: Facilitating Intercultural Understanding (2006)

This research focuses on learning path selection --a part of work in my doctoral research whose goal is to build an adaptive hypermedia. To generate adaptive learning path for each learner, we base on learner's profile in which learner's model is evaluated as well as stored. We have supplemented a set of weight for each learning object (LO) which is basic for selecting learning path process. In this paper, we promote a method to select LO in order to create learning path for each learner and summary our experiment results.
How to capture and use legal patterns in IT
Authors: Alzbeta Krausova, Fabio Massacci, Ayda Saidane
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law (2009)

In our own previous work [1], we looked at the problem of designing IT solutions (Security Patterns) accounting for legal and organizational issues. The proposed pattern design and validation process require legal experts to describe patterns in natural language. Such a description is parsed by a natural language processor on the basis of a semantic template [2]. The annotated description is then used to automatically generate graphical models of SI* patterns, which are revised by security engineers using a CASE Tool. The intriguing question that we address in this paper is the opposite of the mainstream one: Challenge 1. You have a technical solution (e.g. a security and dependability pattern). Can some of your system requirements be implemented by legal means? This challenge might seem at odd with intuition but only because we don't bring the usage of patterns to their logical end: if an answer to a legal, organizational or technical security requirement can be an organizational or technical solution, why cannot it also be a ... legal solution?
Bayesian estimation of sinusoidal signals via parallel tempering
Authors: M. Cevri, D. Üstündaǧ
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd WSEAS international symposium on Wavelets theory and applications in applied mathematics, signal processing & modern science (2009)

This paper deals with a parameter estimation problem within a Bayesian framework. Performing Bayesian inference about the parameters is a challenging computational problem and requires an evaluation of complicated high-dimensional integrals. In this context, we make an attempt to improve an efficient stochastic procedure, proposed by Gregory, which is based on a parallel tempering Markov Chain Monte Carlo method (MCMC). We code its algorithm in Mathematica and then test it for estimating parameters of sinusoids corrupted by a random noise. Computer simulations support its effectiveness.
FinFETs and Other Multi-Gate Transistors, 1st edition
Authors: J.-P. Colinge
Venue:  (2007)

FinFETs and Other Multi-Gate Transistors provides a comprehensive description of the physics, technology and circuit applications of multigate field-effect transistors (FETs). It explains the physics and properties of these devices, how they are fabricated and how circuit designers can use them to improve the performances of integrated circuits. The International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) recognizes the importance of these devices and places them in the "Advanced non-classical CMOS devices" category. Of all the existing multigate devices, the FinFET is the most widely known. FinFETs and Other Multi-Gate Transistors is dedicated to the different facets of multigate FET technology and is written by leading experts in the field.
Gravity-Based Local Clock Synchronization in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Markus Wälchli, Reto Zurbuchen, Thomas Staub, Torsten Braun
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th International IFIP-TC 6 Networking Conference (2009)

Contention-based MAC protocols follow periodic listen/sleep cycles. These protocols face the problem of virtual clustering if different unsynchronized listen/sleep schedules occur in the network, which has been shown to happen in wireless sensor networks. To interconnect these virtual clusters, border nodes maintaining all respective listen/sleep schedules are required. However, this is a waste of energy, if locally a common schedule can be determined. We propose to achieve local synchronization with a mechanism that is similar to gravitation. Clusters represent the mass, whereas synchronization messages sent by each cluster represent the gravitation force of the according cluster. Due to the mutual attraction caused by the clusters, all clusters merge finally. The exchange of synchronization messages itself is not altered by LACAS. Accordingly, LACAS introduces no overhead. Only a not yet used property of synchronization mechanisms is exploited.
Fuzzy Interval Net Present Value
Authors: Marco Corazza, Silvio Giove
Venue: Proceeding of the 2009 conference on New Directions in Neural Networks: 18th Italian Workshop on Neural Networks: WIRN 2008 (2009)

The evaluation of investment projects is an ever-present problem in everyday firm life and in several economic research fields. In this paper we propose a model in which we conjugate the operative usability of the net present value with the capability of the fuzzy and the interval approaches to manage uncertainty. In particular, our fuzzy interval net present value can be interpreted, besides the usual present value of an investment project, as the present value of a contract in which the buyer lets the counterpart the possibility to release goods/services for money amounts that can vary in prefixed intervals, at time instants that can also vary in prefixed intervals. In her/his turn, the buyer can reduce the widths of both these kinds of intervals by paying a proper cost. Given this interpretation, it is “natural” to represent the good/service money amounts and the time instants by means of triangular fuzzy numbers, and the cost of the buyer as a strictly-increasing function of the level α∈[0,1] associated to the generic cut of the fuzzy interval net present value. Of course, the buyer is characterized by an utility function that, in our case, depends on the features of the net present value of the contract and on the cost. So, the buyer has to determine the optimal value of α which maximizes her/his utility. As far the interest rates regard, noticing that usually the economic operators are ignorant of the future, we assume that they are only able to specify a variability range for each of the considered period interest rate. This is why we represent the interest rates by means of interval numbers. Besides proposing our model, we formulate and solve the nonlinear optimization programming problems which have to be coped with in order to determine the extremals of the generic cut of the fuzzy interval net present value, and we deal with some questions related to the utility function of the buyer.