ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Visual measurement and tracking in laser hybrid welding
Authors: Henri Fennander, Ville Kyrki, Anna Fellman, Antti Salminen, Heikki K&#x00e4;lvi&#x00e4;inen
Venue: Machine Vision and Applications (2009)

This paper presents a novel system for the automatic analysis of a hybrid welding process. High-speed imaging and laser illumination are used to measure the regularity of electric arc frequency and flight directions of filler metal droplets. A fuzzy c-means clustering method is used to detect arcs and segment the video sequences. The droplets are localized by combining principal component analysis and a support vector machine classifier. The flight of a droplet is tracked using Kalman filtering. Experiments indicate that the system is able to track the flights of droplets and to determine the regularity of the arc frequency with a high accuracy if the imaging conditions are stable.
Robust Facial Feature Location on Gray Intensity Face
Authors: Qiong Wang, Chunxia Zhao, Jingyu Yang
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd Pacific Rim Symposium on Advances in Image and Video Technology (2009)

In this paper, we propose an efficient algorithm for facial feature location on gray intensity face. Complex regions in a face image, such as the eye, exhibit unpredictable local intensity and hence high entropy. We use this characteristic to obtain eye candidates, and then these candidates are sent to a classifier to get real eyes. According to the geometry relationship of human face, mouth search region is specified by the coordinates of the left eye and the right eye. And then precise mouth detection is done. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Complete information flow tracking from the gates up
Authors: Mohit Tiwari, Hassan M.G. Wassel, Bita Mazloom, Shashidhar Mysore, Frederic T. Chong, Timothy Sherwood
Venue: ACM SIGPLAN Notices (2009)

For many mission-critical tasks, tight guarantees on the flow of information are desirable, for example, when handling important cryptographic keys or sensitive financial data. We present a novel architecture capable of tracking all information flow within the machine, including all explicit data transfers and all implicit flows (those subtly devious flows caused by not performing conditional operations). While the problem is impossible to solve in the general case, we have created a machine that avoids the general-purpose programmability that leads to this impossibility result, yet is still programmable enough to handle a variety of critical operations such as public-key encryption and authentication. Through the application of our novel gate-level information flow tracking method, we show how all flows of information can be precisely tracked. From this foundation, we then describe how a class of architectures can be constructed, from the gates up, to completely capture all information flows and we measure the impact of doing so on the hardware implementation, the ISA, and the programmer.
An over-1-Gb/s transceiver core for integration into large system-on-chips for consumer electronics
Authors: Takefumi Yoshikawa, Takashi Hirata, Tsuyoshi Ebuchi, Toru Iwata, Yukio Arima, Hiroyuki Yamauchi
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems (2008)

This paper describes an area-effective 1.5-Gb/s transceiver core with spread spectrum clocking (SSC) capability that is suitable for integration into large system-on-chips (SoCs) for consumer electronics applications such as audio and video stream data transmission. To achieve a good balance between SSC performance and the core area, a novel SSC scheme using a multi-level (hierarchical) phase-interpolator technique has been developed. This technique achieves a very fine clock phase shift of about 0.1 ps for precise and smooth frequency modulation. The SSC scheme is based on a digital feed-forward operation and leads to a small area and good noise robustness for SoC integration. This core also has digital clock data recovery (CDR) with jitter tolerance enhancement and a simple adaptive data equalizer (AEQ). These functions are also on a digital operation and controlled by digital codes, and the core presupposes a multiphase clock for the digital SSC, CDR, and AEQ with shared phase-locked loop (PLL) topology. A test chip including two of these cores was fabricated using shared PLL. The core showed significant peak power reduction (- 19 dB to the non-SSC situation) and a small core area of 0.25 mm2 in 0.13-µ m CMOS process. This core achieved a remarkable ratio of peak power reduction to area of 76 dB/mm2. Moreover, it achieved good jitter tolerance (flat 0.8 UI at > 1 MHz) and stable data communication over an STP (shielded twist pair) cable ranging in length from 1 m to over 22 m.
Modularity in Agent Programming Languages
Authors: Mehdi Dastani, Christian P. Mol, Bas R. Steunebrink
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th Pacific Rim International Conference on Multi-Agents: Intelligent Agents and Multi-Agent Systems (2008)

This paper discusses a module-based vision for designing BDI-based multi-agent programming languages. The introduced concept of modules is generic and facilitates the implementation of different agent concepts such as agent roles and agent profiles, and enables common programming techniques such as encapsulation and information hiding for BDI-based agents. This vision is applied to 2APL, which is an existing BDI-based agent programming language. Specific programming constructs are added to 2APL to allow the implementation of modules. The syntax and intuitive meaning of these programming constructs are provided as well as the operational semantics of one of the programming constructs. Some informal properties of the programming constructs are discussed and it is explained how these modules can be used to implement agent roles, agent profiles, or the encapsulation of BDI concepts.
An Adaptive Correspondence Algorithm for Modeling Scenes with Strong Interreflections
Authors: Yi Xu, Daniel G. Aliaga
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics (2009)

Modeling real-world scenes, beyond diffuse objects, plays an important role in computer graphics, virtual reality, and other commercial applications. One active approach is projecting binary patterns in order to obtain correspondence and reconstruct a densely sampled 3D model. In such structured-light systems, determining whether a pixel is directly illuminated by the projector is essential to decoding the patterns. When a scene has abundant indirect light, this process is especially difficult. In this paper, we present a robust pixel classification algorithm for this purpose. Our method correctly establishes the lower and upper bounds of the possible intensity values of an illuminated pixel and of a non-illuminated pixel. Based on the two intervals, our method classifies a pixel by determining whether its intensity is within one interval but not in the other. Our method performs better than standard method due to the fact that it avoids gross errors during decoding process caused by strong inter-reflections. For the remaining uncertain pixels, we apply an iterative algorithm to reduce the inter-reflection within the scene. Thus, more points can be decoded and reconstructed after each iteration. Moreover, the iterative algorithm is carried out in an adaptive fashion for fast convergence.
Control of a differentially driven mobile robot using radial basis function based neural networks
Authors: Gökhan Bayar, E. Ilhan Konukseven, A. Buǧra Koku
Venue: WSEAS Transactions on Systems and Control (2008)

This paper proposes the use of radial basis function neural networks approach to the solution of a mobile robot orientation adjustment using reinforcement learning. In order to control the orientation of the mobile robot, a neural network control system has been constructed and implemented. Neural controller has been charged to enhance the control system by adding some degrees of award. Making use of the potential of neural networks to learn the relationships, the desired reference orientation and the error position of the mobile robot are used in training. The radial basis function based neural networks have been trained via reinforcement learning. The performance of the proposed controller and learning system has been evaluated by using a mobile robot that consists of a two driving wheels mounted on the same axis, and a free wheel on the front for balance.
Modelling of palm oil production using fuzzy expert system
Authors: Lily Amelia, D. A. Wahab, A. Hassan
Venue: Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal (2009)

The production of crude palm oil and palm kernel is a complex problem due to the influence of processing variables and environmental factors. These processing variables influence the amount of crude palm oil and palm kernel losses during processing. Instead of mathematical model, fuzzy logic approach provides a simpler and easier mechanism to describe the relationships between the processing variables and the amount of crude palm oil and palm kernel losses. In this study, four fuzzy expert system models were developed for each palm oil processing station. An approximation of centre of gravity method for defuzzification is also proposed to enable the development of the model using Microsoft^(R)Excel. For comparison purpose, the models were also developed using MATLAB^(R). Results obtained from the Excel model are found to be very close to the results from MATLAB.
Program generators and their effect on programmer productivity
Authors: Richard L. Roth
Venue: Proceedings of the June 7-10, 1982, national computer conference (1982)

This paper investigates the concepts and utilization of source-code program-generating systems within the business programming sector; and, using a "standard" system development framework as a guide, discusses the advantages and disadvantages of program generators to software organization and their personnel.
A Linguistically Motivated Model for Speed and Pausing in Animations of American Sign Language
Authors: Matt Huenerfauth
Venue: ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing (TACCESS) (2009)

Many deaf adults in the United States have difficulty reading written English text; computer animations of American Sign Language (ASL) can improve these individuals&rsquo; access to information, communication, and services. Planning and scripting the movements of a virtual character&rsquo;s arms and body to perform a grammatically correct and understandable ASL sentence is a difficult task, and the timing subtleties of the animation can be particularly challenging. After examining the psycholinguistics literature on the speed and timing of ASL, we have designed software to calculate realistic timing of the movements in ASL animations. We have built algorithms to calculate the time-duration of signs and the location/length of pauses during an ASL animation. To determine whether our software can improve the quality of ASL animations, we conducted a study in which native ASL signers evaluated the ASL animations processed by our algorithms. We have found that: (1) adding linguistically motivated pauses and variations in sign-durations improved signers&rsquo; performance on a comprehension task and (2) these animations were rated as more understandable by ASL signers.
Management of clinical case studies in virtual medical communities
Authors: Cristina Ogescu, Claudiu Plaisanu, Daniel Bistriceanu
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th conference on Applied informatics and communications (2008)

In the modern medicine context, the main factors affecting medical decision could be related to lack of communication, inadequate transfer of knowledge, inappropriate information flow, inexperience The paper presents a web based platform for management of medical cases, support for healthcare specialists in taking the best clinical decision. Research has been oriented mostly on multimedia data management, classification algorithms for querying, retrieving and processing different medical data types (text and images). The medical case studies can be accessed by healthcare specialist and by students as anonymous case studies providing trust and confidentiality in Internet virtual environment. The MIDAS platform develops an intelligent framework to manage sets of medical data (text, static or dynamic images), in order to optimize the diagnosis and decision process, which will reduce medical errors and will increase the quality of medical act. MIDAS is an integrated project working on medical information retrieval from heterogeneous, distributed medical multimedia database.
On the convergence theorems of implicit iteration process for a finite family of I-asymptotically nonexpansive mappings
Authors: Seyit Temir
Venue: Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics (2009)

In this paper, we consider the weak and strong convergence of implicit iteration process to a common fixed point of I-asymptotically nonexpansive mappings. The main results extend to a finite family of I-asymptotically nonexpansive mappings in a Banach space.
A practitioner, a vender, and a researcher walk into a bar: trying to explain what researchers do
Authors: Bruce W. Schmeiser
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Winter Simulation (2008)

Practitioners, venders, and researchers form three influential groups within the WSC community. The groups depend upon each other, yet not-enough interaction exists. Researchers, in particular, have difficulty explaining their culture and contributions. This paper is an attempt at such an explanation.
Satisfiability models for maximum transition power
Authors: Suchismita Roy, P. P. Chakrabarti, Pallab Dasgupta
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems (2008)

A satisfiability-based technique for symbolic modeling of event propagation in a circuit is presented in this paper which captures the events in the internal nodes of the circuit with a high level of detail. The model is used to accurately measure the peak single cycle transition power consumption in combinational and sequential circuits, which is closely affected by the switching activity in the circuit. Our technique is scalable, and adapts easily to ever increasing sizes of the custom cells (building blocks) in today's industry, without compromising on accuracy and correctness.
Subdividing Hexagon-Clustered Wireless Sensor Networks for Power-Efficiency
Authors: Dajin Wang, Li Xu, Jing Peng, Stefan Robila
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 WRI International Conference on Communications and Mobile Computing - Volume 02 (2009)

Hexagons are an ideal shape for clustering sensor networks, because clustered areas can be seamlessly divided by the hexagons. In addition, hexagons are the largest regular polygon (in terms of the number of sides) that has this property. In this paper, we propose a novel scheme for subdividing a hexagonal cluster where sensors are densely populated and distributed uniformly throughout the cluster. We provide an analytical estimate of power saving resulting from the subdivision, and show that our proposal gives rise to a substantial reduction in power consumption. We also perform subdivisions at various scales, and analyze the corresponding power saving patterns. Our results show that the proposed scheme will yield significant saving in overall power consumption of a cluster, and the deeper the subdivision, the less the power consumption.
Address block segmentation using ensemble-clustering techniques
Authors: Mustafa Idrissi Leon J. M. Rothkrantz
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Systems and Technologies and Workshop for PhD Students in Computing (2008)

One of the challenges to make the postal automation technology more accurate is to improve the accuracy of the address-block locating task. This task can be decomposed into: address-block segmentation, which involves segmenting the mail piece into different regions and address-block selection, which involves selecting the segmented region that satisfies the optimally destination address-block among all the segmented regions. In this paper we focused on the segmentation part of the address-block locating task. We investigated whether some clustering techniques and ensemble clustering techniques will help to improve the accuracy of address-block locating. For this a research-tool with several clustering methods as well as ensemble methods was developed. Very little a priori knowledge of the images is required. The implemented system has been evaluated on mail piece images captured live from real postal pieces at the postal sorting centers. The results of this approach will be described and illustrated with tests carried out on different images (parcels, magazines, postcard, etc...) where there are no fixed position for the address-block, postmarks and stamps. A ground-truth strategy is employed to evaluate the accuracy of segmentation. The agglomerative based clustering and their ensemble version achieved the best clustering results. However they suffer from high run-time. Therefore further development will be needed to achieve better computation time.
Single Sinusoidal Frequency Estimation Using Second and Fourth Order Linear Prediction Errors
Authors: Kenneth Wing-Kin Lui, Hing-Cheung So
Venue: IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences (2008)

By utilizing the second and fourth order linear prediction errors, a novel estimator for a single noisy sinusoid is devised. The frequency estimate is obtained from a solving a cubic equation and a simple root selection procedure is provided. Asymptotical variance of the estimated frequency is derived and confirmed by computer simulations. It is demonstrated that the proposed estimator is superior to the reformed Pisarenko harmonic decomposer, which is the improved version of Pisarenko harmonic decomposer.
PROC SQL by Example: Using SQL within SAS
Authors: Howard Schreier
Venue:  (2008)

In PROC SQL by Example: Using SQL within SAS, author Howard Schreier illustrates the use of PROC SQL in the context of the SAS DATA step and other SAS procedures (such as SORT, FREQ, MEANS, SUMMARY, APPEND, DATASETS, and TRANSPOSE) whose functionality overlaps and complements that of SQL. Using a side-by-side approach, this concise reference guide includes many extensively explained examples showing equivalent DATA step and SQL code, enabling SAS users to take advantage of existing SAS skills and knowledge while learning about SQL. Discussions cover the differences between SQL and the DATA step as well as situations where SQL and the DATA step are used together to benefit from the strengths of each. Topics addressed include working with joins and merges; using subqueries; understanding set operators; using the Macro Facility with PROC SQL; maintaining tables; working with views; using PROC SQL as a report generator; and more. This text is ideal for SAS programmers seeking to add PROC SQL to their SAS toolkits as well as SQL programmers striving to better integrate the SAS DATA step and SQL.
A Grid Information Services Architecture Based on Structured P2P Systems
Authors: Xia Zhu, Junzhou Luo, Aibo Song
Venue: Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design IV: 11th International Conference, CSCWD 2007, Melbourne, Australia, April 26-28, 2007. Revised Selected Papers (2008)

Structured P2P systems prove efficient in query operation and adaptive dynamic updates. This paper presents a Grid information services architecture based on structured P2P topology, namely distributed hash table (DHT). It resolves problems which centralized topology owns, such as single points of failure and low query efficiency. In the proposed architecture, each resource node and Index server is given an m-bit identifier by hashing resource attribute values. Every node makes connection with successor Index server according to their identifiers. To avoid structured P2P breaking formal relationship of a virtual organization (VO), all resource information will be managed by a local Information server instead of the Index server. The Index server just keeps index to provide resource query service. Range query is a vital part in Grid resource query but structured P2P systems cannot resolve it well. To support range query service, we propose a tree data structure and Path Caching Schemes to improve the proposed architecture. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the proposed Grid information services architecture is efficient, robust, load balanced, and scalable.
Cooperative Spectrum Sensing Based on SNR Comparison in Fusion Center for Cognitive Radio
Authors: Yi Zheng, Xianzhong Xie, Lili Yang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Advanced Computer Control (2009)

Spectrum sensing is a key technology in cognitive radio. Result of cooperative spectrum sensing depends on credibility of local spectrum sensing. But there is a lack of considering it in current schemes. In this paper, we think that different cognitive nodes’ SNRs lead to different reliability of each node’s local sensing results. Firstly, we analyze the effects of cognitive nodes’ SNRs on cooperative sensing. And we propose a cooperative spectrum sensing algorithm based on SNR comparison in fusion center for cognitive radio. Numerical analysis and computer simulation suggest that the scheme greatly increase the probability of detection and reduce the node number to participate in decision fusion.
Key trends in the field of global satellite communications
Authors: Joseph N. Pelton, Alfred U. Mac Rae
Venue: Space Communications (2000)

The last decade of the 20th century has been a period of considerable growth for the satellite communications business. This growth has been dominated by the distribution of TV to cable head ends, network affiliates and directly to the home. We expect that the next decade will continue to be a period of impressive growth for satellites. Increased demand for TV and for the transport and delivery of data and Intelsat services should drive this growth. Global demand for communications and deregulation should be a major factor as well. While new technology is important, the driving forces for this growth will be the marketplace for these services. The delivery of services directly to the home and to small businesses is expected to be a major driving force. While satellite-based mobile telephony has experienced a disappointing start, this market and the delivery of Internet material directly to the home is expected to be a major satellite business. The 20th century relied on satellites located in GEO for these services. This will change, as constellations of LEO and MEO satellites provide global delivery of mobile and Internet services. This increased satellite business has not gone unnoticed. Our study indicated an impressive interest in the future of satellites and their increased markets by both foreign governments and businesses. These entities have instituted significant R D programs to ensure their future presence in this growing market. The US needs to take heed to this foreign interest and to make similar R D investments in this technology. In addition to technology, the ability of satellites to continue their business growth is dependent on the timely addressing of such issues as; continuing deregulation, the resolution of spectrum, standards, trade agreements, globalization of business entities and business and government leadership.