ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Resource-oriented business process modeling for ultra-large-scale systems
Authors: Xiwei Xu, Liming Zhu, Yan Liu, Mark Staples
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd international workshop on Ultra-large-scale software-intensive systems (2008)

REpresentational State Transfer (REST) and the resource-oriented viewpoint are considered to be the guiding principles behind the WWW ULS ecosystem. RESTful principles are responsible for many of the desirable ULS quality attributes achieved, such as loose-coupling, reliability, data visibility and interoperability. However, many exiting Web-based or service-oriented applications (WSDL/SOAP-based) only use WWW/HTTP as a tunneling protocol or abuse URL and POX (Plain Old XML) by encoding method semantics in them. These applications are designed as fine-grained distributed Remote Procedure Calls (RPC), breaking many of the REST principles, and are subsequently harmful to the overall ULS system health. The debate on REST versus SOAP-based "Big" Web services has been raging in the industry. We observe that the main problems lie in two areas: 1) conceptually modeling process-centric business applications using a "resource-oriented" viewpoint promoted by the REST principles; and 2) decentralizing a workflow-based business process (e.g. BPEL) into distributed and dynamic process fragments. In this paper, we propose a solution to these two problems. Our approach aligns process-intensive applications with the basic Web principles and promotes dynamic and distributed process coordination.
WebRB: A Different Way to Write Web Applications
Authors: Avraham Leff, James T. Rayfield
Venue: IEEE Internet Computing (2008)

Relational Blocks (RBLOCKS) is a visual dataflow language for writing multipage interactive applications that access relational data, transform relational data, and display relational data in a GUI. WebRB is an implementation of RBLOCKS for a Web-application environment. WebRB is deployed as a software service: developers run the WebRB visual editor in a standard Firefox Web browser and store their page designs and data on the WebRB server. Applications are deployed on a server that interprets visual page designs as Web pages and manages the application's inter-page navigation and associated data-flows. WebRB is a different way to write Web applications because of the use of visual page designs, the lack of imperative code, and use of relational semantics.
Deadlock-Free Multi-Path Routing for Torus-Based NoCs
Authors: Yaoting Jiao, Mei Yang, Yingtao Jiang, Yulu Yang, Xiaochun Yun
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Information Technology: New Generations (2008)

In our previous work, a Multi-Path Routing (MPR) scheme was proposed to maximize the data throughput for torus-based NoCs by utilizing multiple paths for concurrent data transmission. In this paper, a deadlock-free virtual channel model is proposed for the MPR scheme. In this virtual channel model, every physical channel on the network is split into about 3.5 virtual channels on average. It is proved that any minimal routing algorithm (including the MPR scheme) using this model is deadlock-free. The MPR scheme employing this new virtual channel model is still a fully adaptive one. The performance of the MPR scheme using the proposed virtual channel model is evaluated through simulations and compared with the fully adaptive Single-Path minimal Routing (SPR) scheme with the same virtual channel model. Simulation results show that MPR achieves better average message latency and normalized accepted traffic than SPR under both uniform and nonuniform traffic in general.
Electrical detection of ovum membrane charges using biotransistor
Authors: Toshiya Sakata, Izumi Makino, Sayaka Kita, Yuji Miyahara
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2008)

We report on the real-time electrical detection of molecular charges at the ovum surface of sea urchin using the biotransistor. The surface potential at the gate surface of biotransistor decreased after the introduction of sea urchin ova. The negative shift of surface potential indicates the increase of negative charges based on sialic acids, sulphated saccharides and so on at the sea urchin ovum surface contacted with the gate surface of biotransistor. Since sulfated oligosialic acid units with negative charges at the ovum surface of sea urchin behave as receptor for sperm, it might be simple and easy to estimate the fertilization ability of ova for not only sea urchin but also mammals based on the electrical signal of intrinsic molecular charges at the ovum surface by use of the biotransistor. The platform based on the biotransistor is expected to be a direct, simple, label-free and non-invasive detection system in clinical diagnosis for in vitro fertilization (IVF).
Existence of epidemic waves in a disease transmission model with two-habitat population
Authors: B. Mukhopadhyay, R. Bhattacharyya
Venue: International Journal of Systems Science (2007)

A three variable mathematical model describing the propagation of an infectious disease in a human population is proposed and analyzed. The human population is assumed to live in two distinct habitats with no inter-habitat migration. The infectious agent disperse randomly among the said habitats. Methods of upper and lower solutions are used to establish the existence of traveling wave solutions connecting the trivial with the nontrivial equilibrium. The critical wave speed required for the existence of such wave solutions has been found out and shown to depend on different system parameters together with the dispersal rate.
Hybrid Admission Control Algorithm for IEEE 802.11e EDCA: Analysis
Authors: Mohamad El Masri, Guy Juanole, Slim Abdellatif
Venue: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Networking (2008)

One of the main Quality of Service mechanisms, allowing mainly the protection of already active flows, is admission control. This is even truer on the MAC level of 802.11 based networks due to scarce resources. We present in this paper a hybrid admission control algorithm for IEEE 802.11e EDCA. The algorithm uses the synthetic Markov chain model of EDCA that we developed in previous work injecting into it network state measurements. Simulations and results presented in this paper show a good protection of admitted flows and a good utilization of the network resources.
Interview with Gabrielle Weinman at Team One
Authors: Newton Lee
Venue: Computers in Entertainment (CIE) (2008)

Gabrielle Weinman is the Creative Director of Interactive & Relationship Marketing for Team One in Los Angeles. She oversees all aspects of the creative work in both departments, integrating it with traditional advertising. Her biggest client is Lexus automobiles, and other clients have included Ritz Carlton Hotels, Flexjet, MTV, Air New Zealand, Infonet and Heal the Bay. Since technology constantly evolves and changes, her background in design, branding and traditional advertising gives her a distinct advantage. After working at Keith Bright & Associates and Hill Holiday, Gabrielle started as a Senior Art Director at Team One in 1992. In 1995, she agreed to spearhead the development of an interactive group at the strong protest of her headhunter who said she would never work in advertising again. Twelve years later, Gabrielle currently manages a staff of over 25 employees and a department that has won numerous awards including Cannes Cyber Lions, Clios and One Show pencils. In the video interview, you will hear Gabrielle's answers to the following questions: 1. What is the project that you are working on at the AFI Digital Content Lab? 2. What is the greatest innovation that you have brought to the project? 3. What is your experience working with the AFI Digital Content Lab? 4. What suggestions do you have that would make the Digital Content Lab more innovative, useful, and rewarding? 5. What do you think about the future of new media? 6. What are the major challenges in Interactive TV? 7. What are some of the Interactive TV projects that you are working on? 8. Do you find it difficult to design good user interface for Interactive TV? 9. How do you see the future of Interactive TV? 10. If you can do whatever you want, what would you do?
Orca-take the killer whale for a ride
Authors: Willie Walker
Venue: Linux Journal (2008)

The Orca screen reader helps people with visual impairments access the desktop. It also can serve as a useful tool for developers to check their applications for accessibility.
Scalable and Efficient End-to-End Network Topology Inference
Authors: Xing Jin, Wanqing Tu, S. -H. Gary Chan
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems (2008)

We consider using tools like traceroute to infer the underlay topology among a group of hosts. Traditional Max-Delta inference relies on a central server and is not scalable. In this paper, we investigate a distributed inference scheme to support scalable inference. In our scheme, each host joins an overlay tree before conducting traceroute. A host then independently selects paths to traceroute and exchanges traceroute results with others through the overlay tree. As a result, each host can maintain a partially discovered topology. Furthermore, we propose several techniques to reduce the measurement cost, including (a) integrating the Doubletree algorithm to reduce measurement redundancy; (b) setting up a lookup table for routers to reduce traceroute size, and (c) conducting topology abstraction and reducing the computing frequency to reduce computational overhead. In our scheme, the computation loads for target selection are distributed to all the hosts instead of a single server, and the consumption of edge bandwidth at a host is hence limited. We have done simulations on Internet-like topologies and conducted measurements on PlanetLab. The results show that the constructed tree has a low diameter. Furthermore, the proposed improvements can efficiently reduce measurement redundancy, computational overhead and bandwidth consumption.
Analysis of mobile agents in network fault management
Authors: Mouhammd Al-Kasassbeh, Mo Adda
Venue: Journal of Network and Computer Applications (2008)

Network domains have become more and more advanced in terms of their size, complexity and the level of heterogeneity. Comprehensive fault management is the most significant challenge in network management. Fault management can help increase the availability of the network by quickly identifying the faults and then, proactively, start the recovery process. Current centralized configured network management systems suffer from problems such as insufficient scalability, availability and flexibility as networks become more distributed. Mobile agents (MAs), with integral intelligence, can present a reasonable new technology that will help to achieve distributed management, several researchers have embraced these approaches. In this paper, we introduce a general analytical model for network management client/server (CS) and MA paradigms. We express how to build up an analytical framework, which can be used to quantitatively assess the performances of the MA and CS paradigms under different scenarios. We present some numerical and experimental results that demonstrate the applicability of our proposed framework, which will be based on a combination of MA and CS schemes called Adaptive Intelligent Mobile Agent.
Efficient architectures for sparsely-connected high capacity associative memory models
Authors: Lee Calcraft, Rod Adams, Neil Davey
Venue: Connection Science (2007)

In physical implementations of associative memory, wiring costs play a significant role in shaping patterns of connectivity. In this study of sparsely-connected associative memory, a range of architectures is explored in search of optimal connection strategies that maximize pattern-completion performance, while at the same time minimizing wiring costs. It is found that architectures in which the probability of connection between any two nodes is based on relatively tight Gaussian and exponential distributions perform well and that for optimum performance, the width of the Gaussian distribution should be made proportional to the number of connections per node. It is also established from a study of other connection strategies that distal connections are not necessary for good pattern-completion performance. Convergence times and network scalability are also addressed in this study.
Service system fundamentals: work system, value chain, and life cycle
Authors: S. Alter
Venue: IBM Systems Journal (2008)

Service systems produce all services of significance and scope, yet the concept of a service system is not well articulated in the service literature. This paper presents three interrelated frameworks as a first attempt to define the fundamentals of service systems. These frameworks identify basic building blocks and organize important attributes and change processes that apply across all service systems. Although relevant regardless of whether a service system uses information technology, the frameworks are also potentially useful in visualizing the realities of moving toward automated service architectures. This paper uses two examples, one largely manual and one highly automated, to illustrate the potential usefulness of the three frameworks, which can be applied together to describe, analyze, and study how service systems are created, how they operate, and how they evolve through a combination of planned and unplanned change.
Statistical Models and Frequency-Dependent Corner Models for Passive Devices
Authors: Ning Lu
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th international symposium on Quality Electronic Design (2008)

We present the statistical SPICE models and associated corner models of passive devices (such as capacitors and resistors) in VLSI semiconductor technologies. The capacitor devices include decoupling capacitors, metal-insulator-metal capacitors (MIMCAPs), junction capacitors, MOS varactors, BEOL metal capacitors, etc. The resistor devices include diffused resistors, silicide blocked polysilicon resistors, BEOL resistors, etc. We present correct statistical models and optimal corner models, and discuss the correctness and goodness of various statistical models and corner models. We explicitly show the dependency of the corner model parameters on the device length/width. For a fixed device length and width, for the first time, we show the dependency of the corner model parameters on the frequency, and show that the skewing direction of some corner model parameters will change their signs when going from the low frequency region to the high frequency/RF region.
Maple in Mathematics
Authors: Suthathip Suanmali
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Information Technology: New Generations (2008)

The paper presents the use of Maple as a multimedia tool in classrooms, in particular, in mathematics and related science classes for undergraduate students. Mathematical computations and manipulations can be extensive and tedious for students in solving large and complex problems. We employ interactive Maple sessions in many classrooms such as in calculus, applications of abstract algebra, combinatorial, and linear algebra to solve for solutions in either numeric form or symbolic form. With explanation of the computational process and time saving involved, students find the integration of this technology into regular lectures make a significant improvement in their learning process.
A system of types and operators for handling vague spatial objects
Authors: Arta Dilo, Rolf A. de By, Alfred Stein
Venue: International Journal of Geographical Information Science (2007)

Vagueness is often present in spatial phenomena. Representing and analysing vague spatial phenomena requires vague objects and operators, whereas current GIS and spatial databases can only handle crisp objects. This paper provides mathematical definitions for vague object types and operators. The object types that we propose are a set of simple types, a set of general types, and vague partitions. The simple types represent identifiable objects of a simple structure, i.e. not divisible into components. They are vague points, vague lines, and vague regions. The general types represent classes of simple type objects. They are vague multipoint, vague multiline, and vague multiregion. General types assure closure under set operators. Simple and general types are defined as fuzzy sets in 2 satisfying specific properties that are expressed in terms of topological notions. These properties assure that set membership values change mostly gradually, allowing stepwise jumps. The type vague partition is a collection of vague multiregions that might intersect each other only at their transition boundaries. It allows for a soft classification of space. All types allow for both a finite and an infinite number of transition levels. They include crisp objects as special cases. We consider a standard set of operators on crisp objects and define them for vague objects. We provide definitions for operators returning spatial types. They are regularized fuzzy set operators: union, intersection, and difference; two operators from topology: boundary and frontier; and two operators on vague partitions: overlay and fusion. Other spatial operators, topological predicates and metric operators, are introduced giving their intuition and example definitions. All these operators include crisp operators as special cases. Types and operators provided in this paper form a model for a spatial data system that can handle vague information. The paper is illustrated with an application of vague objects in coastal erosion.
An IMS Based Inter-working Solution for Multimedia Service in a Converged Network
Authors: Zhongwen Zhu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering (2008)

In the evolution of traditional telecom network towards a converged next generation network, inter-working is always challenging due to different name spaces and routing mechanism across communities. Most existing Inter-working solutions are made at the terminal side. It requires mobile phone or PC users to install multiple client-side applications, such as, Google talk client, Skype client, and MSN client, etc. In order to avoid too many client applications running on mobile terminals, a network solution is desired. An IMS based Inter-working solution for multi-media services is proposed. It enables an IMS subscriber make use of a single SIP user agent to communicate with the other users who might have communication means other than IMS based devices. The solution consists of two parts: one is the conference like service; the other is the Inter-working gateway service.The detailed technical description of the proposed solution is described hereafter. The corresponding use cases are present. The solution can also be applied to “Group Communication”, e.g. ad-hoc group or pre-defined group multimedia service (Chat, Instant Messaging, Voice/video conference, etc.). The benefits of the proposed solution for end users and operators are discussed.
Enhanced sensing characteristics in MEMS-based formaldehyde gas sensors
Authors: Yu-Hsiang Wang, Chia-Yen Lee, Che-Hsin Lin, Lung-Ming Fu
Venue: Microsystem Technologies (2008)

This paper presents a novel micro fabrication for formaldehyde gas sensors to enhance sensitivity and detection resolution capabilities. Therefore, two different types of fabrication sequences of gas sensors were considered, different positions of micro heaters and sensing layers to compare the effects of different areas of the sensing layers contact with the surrounding gas. The MEMS-based formaldehyde gas sensor consists of a quartz substrate, a thin-film NiO/Al2O3 sensing layer, an integrated Pt micro-hotplate, and Pt inter-digitized electrodes (IDEs) to measure the resistance variation of sensing layers caused by formaldehyde oxidation at the oxide surface. This abstract offers comparisons of the characteristics of sensors in different areas of the sensing layers contacting the surrounding gas as well as those to decrease the thickness of the sensing layer and deposits of the sensing layer using co-sputtering technology with NiO/Al2O3 to improve the sensitivity limits of the sensors. The experimental data indicated that increasing the area of the sensing layer that contacts with the surrounding gas and decreasing the thickness of the sensing layer in the sputtering process and then co-sputtered NiO/Al2O3 sensing layers, significantly enhanced the sensing characteristics of the developed formaldehyde sensor.
A physical level study and optimization of CAM-based checkpointed register alias table
Authors: Elham Safi, Andreas Moshovos, Andreas Veneris
Venue: Proceeding of the 13th international symposium on Low power electronics and design (2008)

Using full-custom layouts in 130 nm technology, this work studies how the latency and energy of a checkpointed, CAM-based Register Alias Table (cRAT) vary as a function of the window size, the issue width, and the number of embedded global checkpoints (GCs). These results are compared to those of the SRAM-based RAT (sRAT). Understanding these variations is useful during the early stages of architectural exploration where physical level information is not yet available. It is found that compared to sRAT, cRAT is more sensitive to the number of physical registers and issue width, however, it is less sensitive to the number of GCs. In addition, beyond a certain number of GCs, cRAT becomes faster than its equivalent sRAT. For instance, this is true when a RAT for 64 architectural and 128 physical registers has at least 20 GCs. This work also proposes an energy optimization for the cRAT; this optimization selectively disables cRAT entries that do not result in a match during lookup. The energy savings are, for the most part, a function of the number of physical registers. For instance, for a cRAT with 128 entries energy is reduced by 40%.
NET-DBSCAN: clustering the nodes of a dynamic linear network
Authors: E. Stefanakis
Venue: International Journal of Geographical Information Science (2007)

NET-DBSCAN, a method for clustering the nodes of a linear network, whose edges may be temporarily inaccessible, is introduced. The new method extends the idea of a well-known spatial clustering method, named density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN). The new algorithm is described in detail and through a series of examples. A prototype system, which implements the algorithm, developed in Java and tested through a series of synthetic networks, is also presented. Finally, the application of NET-DBSCAN method to support real-world situations is briefly discussed.
A review on the piecewise polynomial harmonic interpolation
Authors: Sergio Amat Plata
Venue: Applied Numerical Mathematics (2008)

This paper surveys several topics related to a nonlinear centered piecewise polynomial interpolation technique. This interpolation leads to a nonlinear reconstruction operator with several desirable features: the reconstruction is fourth-order accurate in smooth regions, the data used is always centered with optimal support, the Gibbs phenomenon of linear reconstructions, in the presence of discontinuities, does not appear. Special attention is paid to the stability of the associated multiresolution transform. Finally, some applications are analyzed.