ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Cell Coverage Control for Power Saving in IEEE802.16 Mobile MultihopRelay Systems
Authors: Changhoi Koo, Yong Woo Chung
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Systems and Networks Communication (2006)

There have been worked IEEE802.16 TGj(Task Group j) to build-up the Mobile Multihop Relay(MMR) network based on the existing IEEE802.16d/e system which can support the fixed and mobile network both. In this paper, we introduce the standard work of IEEE802.16TGj MMR group and propose two dynamic coverage control schemes of Relay Systems(RS) for effective power saving scheme, which can provide flexible cell coverage variation with minimal usage of power consumption based on the IEEE802.16TGj standardization.
Probing and Monitoring of WSBPEL Processes with Web Services
Authors: Heinz Roth, Josef Schiefer, Alexander Schatten
Venue: Proceedings of the The 8th IEEE International Conference on E-Commerce Technology and The 3rd IEEE International Conference on Enterprise Computing, E-Commerce, and E-Services (2006)

Today's business climate requires organizations to constantly evolve IT strategies to respond to new opportunities or threats. Tracking the achievement of business goals, objectives and strategies is increasingly used to measure and adjust the outcome of business processes. In this paper, we introduce a web service based approach for probing WSBPEL processes. With our approach organizations are able to automatically extend existing WSBPEL processes with auditing extensions which capture audit information during process execution time. We show how to transform a WSBPEL model into an auditable model which can be used for process monitoring purposes. Based on our experience on building an auditable WSBPEL model we propose some extensions to the WSBPEL specification.
Neural Correlates for the Suppression of Habitual Behavior: A Functional MRI Study
Authors: Miwa Matsubara
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2004)

It has been suggested that inhibitory executive control of behavior is directed by the frontal lobes. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to explore the brain regions that are involved in the inhibition of habitual manual responses. Fifteen right-handed subjects performed the rock&ndash;scissors&ndash;paper game against computer-simulated pictures of hands during the scanning procedure. The subjects were required to win, lose, or draw against the presented picture in a separate block. We considered that the situation in which subjects intentionally lost the game required the suppression of habitual behavior, because it is natural behavior for people to attempt to win the game. Compared with the WIN and DRAW conditions, the left premotor and sensorimotor areas were activated for both hand sessions with a positive correlation with error rates. Importantly, the LOSE condition in the case of the right hand yielded brain activation exclusively in the anterior part of the left inferior frontal gyrus, the activity which showed a negative correlation with error rates. Overall brain activations were predominant in the left hemisphere, irrespective of the hand used for the response. The results suggest that the anterior part of the left inferior frontal gyrus plays a critical role in the inhibition of habitual manual behavior, and that the left hemisphere is dominant for the selection of well-learned manual behavior.
Coping with Variable Latency and Disorder in Distributed Event Streams
Authors: Roger S. Barga, Gueorgui Chkodrov
Venue: Proceedings of the 26th IEEE International ConferenceWorkshops on Distributed Computing Systems (2006)

Distributed event processing systems often require input streams that are ordered in some predetermined way or that events arrive within a fixed time interval. This order may simply be arrival order or given explicitly on a specific event attribute, such as a timestamp or sequence number. Standing event queries, such as a temporal correlation of events across multiple streams, can block if an input stream incurs latency or may produce an incorrect answer if events fail to arrive within the fixed time interval. In this paper, we describe a stream conditioning mechanism developed for Event Correlation Services (ECS), which is a high performance event processing service for monitoring distributed applications. We show how punctuation messages that carry timestamps can be generated by event sources and then forwarded through the network, to align events from multiple distributed streams and unblock event pattern queries.
Multi-view Intelligent Vehicle Surveillance System
Authors: S. Denman, C. Fookes, J. Cook, C. Davoren, A. Mamic, G. Farquharson, D. Chen, B. Chen, S. Sridharan
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Video and Signal Based Surveillance (2006)

This paper presents a multi-view intelligent surveillance system used for the automatic tracking and monitoring of vehicles in a short-term parking lane. The system has the ability to track multiple vehicles in real-time across four cameras monitoring the area using a combination of both motion detection and optical flow modules. Automated alerts of events such as parking time violations, breaching of restricted areas or improper directional flow of traffic can be generated and communicated to attending security personnel. Results are shown using surveillance data captured from a real multi-camera network to illustrate the robust and real-time performance of the system.
A Portable System for Measuring Human Body Movement
Authors: G. M. Bertolotti, A. Cristiani, R. Gandolfi, R. Lombardi
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th EUROMICRO Conference on Digital System Design (2006)

A low cost portable acquisition system for monitoring and processing human body segment movements is presented. It is equipped with 32 multiplexed input channels, each one linked to an external 2 axis MEMS accelerometer. Input signals from sensors are converted into a digital form by a 10 bit analog to digital converter and transmitted via Bluetooth technology to a remote PC. The instrument is battery powered and then it can be used in applications like ergonomics, rehabilitation and sport medicine. Labview 7.1 has been used to visualize in real time the human body segment movements.
Vessels as 4D Curves: Global Minimal 4D Paths to Extract 3D Tubular Surfaces
Authors: Hua Li, Anthony Yezzi
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshop (2006)

In this paper, we propose an innovative approach to the segmentation of tubular or vessel-like structures which combines all the benefits of minimal path techniques (global minimizers, fast computation, powerful incorporation of user input) with some of the benefits of active surface techniques (representation of a full 3D tubular surface rather than a just curve). The key is to represent the trajectory of the vessel not as a 3D curve but to go up a dimension and represent the entire vessel as a 4D curve, where each 4D point represents a 3D sphere (three coordinates for the center point and one for the radius). The 3D vessel structure is then obtained as the envelope of the family of spheres traversed along this 4D curve. Because the 3D surface is simply a curve in 4D, we are able to fully exploit minimal path techniques to obtain global minimizing trajectories between two user supplied end-points in order to reconstruct vessels from noisy or low contrast 3D data without the sensitivity to local minima inherent in most active surface techniques. In contrast to standard purely spatial 3D minimal path techniques, however, we are able to represent the full vessel surface rather than just a curve which runs through its interior. Our representation also yields a natural notion of a vessel's "central curve", which is obtained by tracing the center points of the family of 3D spheres rather than its envelope. We demonstrate the utility of this approach on 2D images of roads as well as both 2D and 3D MR angiography and CT images.
Distributed shared arrays: A distributed virtual machine with mobility support for reconfiguration
Authors: Song Fu, Cheng-Zhong Xu, Brian Wims, Ramzi Basharahil
Venue: Cluster Computing (2006)

Distributed Shared Arrays (DSA) is a distributed virtual machine that supports Java-compliant multithreaded programming with mobility support for system reconfiguration in distributed environments. The DSA programming model allows programmers to explicitly control data distribution so as to take advantage of the deep memory hierarchy, while relieving them from error-prone orchestration of communication and synchronization at run-time. The DSA system is developed as an integral component of mobility support middleware for Grid computing so that DSA-based virtual machines can be reconfigured to adapt to the varying resource supplies or demand over the course of a computation. The DSA runtime system also features a directory-based cache coherence protocol in support of replication of user-defined sharing granularity and a communication proxy mechanism for reducing network contention. System reconfiguration is achieved by a DSA service migration mechanism, which moves the DSA service and residing computational agents between physical servers for load balancing and fault resilience. We demonstrate the programmability of the model in a number of parallel applications and evaluate its performance by application benchmark programs, in particular, the impact of the coherence granularity and service migration overhead.
UBM-based incremental speaker adaptation
Authors: Yi-Wen Liu, Lie Lu, Ke Chen, Hong-Jiang Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 International Conference on Multimedia and Expo - Volume 1 (2003)

This paper addresses a novel algorithm of incremental speaker adaptation (ISA) based on universal background model (UBM) for saving storage and real-time processing. This algorithm can be seen as an extension of traditional speaker adaptation. It consists of two steps, adaptation and combination. It not only considers the speaker's characteristics in limited training data, but also prohibits over-fitting of the updated model. The incremental adaptation algorithm needs little storage and meets the requirement of real-time processing. In order to evaluate the efficiency and effectivity of the proposed approach, a real-time speaker segmentation system for broadcasting news is built. Experiment results demonstrate that our approach yields real time operation and achieves satisfactory performance.
Building an AS-topology model that captures route diversity
Authors: Wolfgang Mühlbauer, Anja Feldmann, Olaf Maennel, Matthew Roughan, Steve Uhlig
Venue: ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review (2006)

An understanding of the topological structure of the Internet is needed for quite a number of networking tasks, e. g., making decisions about peering relationships, choice of upstream providers, inter-domain traffic engineering. One essential component of these tasks is the ability to predict routes in the Internet. However, the Internet is composed of a large number of independent autonomous systems (ASes) resulting in complex interactions, and until now no model of the Internet has succeeded in producing predictions of acceptable accuracy.We demonstrate that there are two limitations of prior models: (i) they have all assumed that an Autonomous System (AS) is an atomic structure - it is not, and (ii) models have tended to oversimplify the relationships between ASes. Our approach uses multiple quasi-routers to capture route diversity within the ASes, and is deliberately agnostic regarding the types of relationships between ASes. The resulting model ensures that its routing is consistent with the observed routes. Exploiting a large number of observation points, we show that our model provides accurate predictions for unobserved routes, a first step towards developing structural mod-els of the Internet that enable real applications.
Digital video cluster simulation
Authors: Martin N. Milkovits
Venue: Proceedings of the 37th conference on Winter simulation (2005)

The advent of Video On Demand (VOD) services is made possible by specialized high performance, high reliability computer systems. These systems must maintain the constant bandwidth required by video and guarantee fault resiliency. SeaChange&reg;'s digital video system meets the VOD challenges with a scalable cluster solution using a patented data distribution algorithm for efficient data redundancy. The SeaChange digital video cluster incorporates several different bus and fabric technologies to deliver high performance and data reliability. But, the existence of many data paths and congestion scenarios make it difficult to determine the maximum performance of, or bottlenecks in, the system. Therefore, a simulation model to represent the internal fabric of a VOD cluster from SeaChange is designed, implemented and verified.
Qos issues and qos constrained design of wireless sensor networks
Authors: Dharma P. Agrawal
Venue:  (2006)

Most existing research in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) has been focused on proposing protocols to facilitate either energy efficient communication or sensing operation in WSNs. We believe that there exist fundamental limits in the operations and the parameters of WSNs. Characterizing these fundamental limits, establishing the relationships between the parameters and the WSN performance, and identifying the tradeoffs among different performance measures can provide us insights in designing sensor networks. In this dissertation, the QoS properties of WSNs, including the coverage, reachability, and delay, are analyzed in an analytical framework. How the network parameters, such as the node density, sensing range, transmission range, impact the aforementioned QoS properties are investigated by abstracting the randomly deployed WSNs as random geometric graphs. Both homogenous and heterogenous sensor networks are addressed. Based on the analytical model, optimal sensor network parameters can be chosen to improve the network performance while achieving pre-specified QoS constraints. Besides this abstraction, practical issues affecting the QoS performance of WSNs are also examined by doing extensive simulations in this dissertation. Specifically, results are obtained for the QoS properties in the flooding of WSN when a cross-layer approach is adopted, and other practical issues such as channel fading and MAC layer contention are taken into account. The results show that exchanging more information across the layers can help improve efficiency of the protocol. It is further shown that wireless fading helps to reduce the hop count, although it makes the transmission range less predictable and limits the improvement in the performance of such cross-layer design in WSNs.
An ML/MMSE estimation approach to blind equalization
Authors: Shao Min, C. L. Nikias
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing,1994. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 04 (1994)

Blind equalization of a communication channel is achieved by jointly estimating the deterministic channel coefficients and the random data sequence. The EM algorithm is used to determine the ML estimate of the channel. To implement the EM algorithm, one needs the MMSE estimate of the data sequence for the given estimate of the channel at each step. To reduce computational complexity, a suboptimum procedure is suggested for the MMSE estimation of the data. Preliminary simulations show that the proposed algorithm converges rapidly for a short length of data even when the channel has deep nulls.
Direct Current Stimulation over V5 Enhances Visuomotor Coordination by Improving Motion Perception in Humans
Authors: Andrea Antal, Michael A. Nitsche, Wolfgang Kruse, Tamás Z. Kincses, Klaus-Peter Hoffmann, Walter Paulus
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2004)

The primary aim of this study was to determine the extent to which human MT+/V5, an extrastriate visual area known to mediate motion processing, is involved in visuomotor coordination. To pursue this we increased or decreased the excitability of MT+/V5, primary motor, and primary visual cortex by the application of 7 min of anodal and cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in healthy human subjects while they were performing a visuomotor tracking task involving hand movements. The percentage of correct tracking movements increased specifically during and immediately after cathodal stimulation, which decreases cortical excitability, only when V5 was stimulated. None of the other stimulation conditions affected visuomotor performance. We propose that the improvement in performance caused by cathodal tDCS of V5 is due to a focusing effect on to the complex motion perception conditions involved in this task. This hypothesis was proven by additional experiments: Testing simple and complex motion perception in dot kinetograms, we found that a diminution in excitability induced by cathodal stimulation improved the subject's perception of the direction of the coherent motion only if this was presented among random dots (complex motion perception), and worsened it if only one motion direction was presented (simple movement perception). Our data suggest that area V5 is critically involved in complex motion perception and identification processes important for visuomotor coordination. The results also raise the possibility of the usefulness of tDCS in rehabilitation strategies for neurological patients with visuomotor disorders.
The utilization of higher-order spectra to determine nonlinear radar cross sections
Authors: E. J. Powers, Sungbin Im
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing,1994. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 04 (1994)

The objective of this paper is to indicate how digital higher-order spectral analysis may be used to determine linear and cubic radar cross sections given time series data representing the transmitted and received signals. The approach utilizes an orthogonal Volterra-like model. In this case, the absolute value squared of the linear and cubic frequency-domain "orthogonal" kernels can be directly related to the linear and cubic radar cross sections, respectively. Of note is the fact that the approach makes no assumptions concerning the statistics of the transmitted signal.
Advanced Multimedia Systems Using MPEG-21 Digital Item Processing
Authors: Chris Poppe, Frederik De Keukelaere, Saar De Zutter, Rik Van de Walle
Venue: Proceedings of the Eighth IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia (2006)

The key concepts in an MPEG-21 architecture are the Digital Item, representing multimedia data, and Users which interact with it. MPEG-21 introduced Digital Item Processing, which defines ways to add functionality to the item, creating a dynamic and interactive multimedia format. Moreover, an execution environment has been defined, offering basic functionality on any terminal that supports Digital Item Processing. Although the semantics of this functionality has been standardized, there is much room for interpretation, so a Digital Item author may not be aware of the actual processing. We propose a solution, compliant with the Digital Item Processing specification, to give the content creators full control on the processing of their items, allowing the creation of advanced predictable multimedia systems in an MPEG-21 environment.
Bottom-Up Construction of Bluetooth Topology under a Traffic-Aware Scheduling Scheme
Authors: Rajarshi Roy Mukesh Kumar Navin K. Sharma Shamik Sural
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing (2007)

We propose a Bluetooth topology construction protocol that works in conjunction with a priority-based polling scheme. A master assigns a priority to its slaves including bridges for each polling cycle and then polls them as many times as the assigned priority. The slaves can spend their idle time either in a power-saving mode or perform new node discovery. The topology construction algorithm works in a bottom-up manner in which isolated nodes join to form small piconets. These small piconets can combine to form larger piconets. Larger piconets can start sharing bridge nodes to form a scatternet. Individual piconets can also discover new nodes while participating in the master-driven polling process. The shutting down of master and slave nodes is detected for dynamic restructuring of the scatternet. The protocol can handle situations when all the Bluetooth nodes are not within radio range of each other.
Evaluation of an Online Analogical Patient Simulation Program
Authors: Gregory A. Thompson, Robert G. Morrison, Keith J. Holyoak, Terry K. Clark
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th IEEE Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems (2006)

Medulator^TM, a commercial Web-based, variable response, patient simulation application, was modified to test the effect of case sequencing, explicit case comparison, and user-generated case summaries on overall user performance. METHODS: Senior medical students completed analogous sets of virtual patient cases in different sequences, and their case performance was tracked. A follow-up user satisfaction survey was conducted. RESULTS: A significant effect of case sequencing on analogy transfer was seen only with respect to correct treatment scores (p = .009). Explicit case comparison had no reliable effect on performance. However, diagnostic accuracy increased (p \leqslant 002) while treatment attempts decreased (p = .05) when subjects were prompted to write case summaries. Satisfaction with the patient simulation program was high. CONCLUSION: Manipulating case sequences and supporting explicit case comparison yielded mixed results. However, using case summaries as a tool for reflection and proxy for self-explanation led to significant improvement in students' performance.
Evaluation of Team Activities in an Engineering Design Course with an E-Learning System
Authors: Kazuya Takemata, Masakatsu Matsuishi, Shigeo Matsumoto, Tetsurou Furukawa, Taketo Yamakawa, Akiyuki Minamide
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (2006)

The purpose of this study is to consider how to use an electronic learning (e-learning) system in engineering design. An e-learning trial in an engineering design course was introduced as an online self-study module in order to support learning outside of the classroom at the Kanazawa Institute of Technology. This paper contains a description of the e-learning system and the related student activities and teamwork.
Structural Encoding of Body and Face in Human Infants and Adults
Authors: Teodora Gliga, Ghislaine Dehaene-lambertz
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2005)

Most studies on visual perception of human beings have focused on perception of faces. However, bodies are another important visual element, which help us to identify a member of our species in the visual scene. In order to study whether similar configural information processing is used in body and face perception, we recorded high-density even-related potentials (ERPs) to normal and distorted faces and bodies in adults and 3-month-old infants. In adults, the N1 responses evoked by bodies and faces were similar in amplitude but differed slightly in latency. The voltage topography of N1 also differed in concordance with fMRI data showing that two distinct areas are involved in face and body perception. Distortion affected ERPs to faces and bodies similarly from N1 on, although the effect was significant earlier for bodies than for faces. These results suggest that fast processing of configural information is not specific to faces but it also occurs for bodies. In 3-month-old infants, distortion decreased the amplitude of P400 around 450 msec, showing no interaction with image category. This result demonstrates that infants are not only able to recognize the normal configuration of faces, but also that of bodies. This could either be related to an innate knowledge of this particular type of biological object, or to fast learning through intense exposure during the first months of life.