ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
A decision theoretic model for stress recognition and user assistance
Authors: Wenhui Liao, Weihong Zhang, Zhiwei Zhu, Qiang Ji
Venue: Proceedings of the 20th national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 2 (2005)

We present a general unified probabilistic decision-theoretic model based on Influence Diagrams for simultaneously modeling both user stress recognition and user assistance. Stress recognition is achieved through dynamic probabilistic inference from the available sensory data from multiple-modality sources. User assistance is automatically achieved by balancing the benefits of improving user performance and the costs of performing user assistance. In addition, a non-invasive real-time system is built to validate the proposed framework. Utilizing the evidences from four modalities (physical appearance features, physiological measures, user performance and behavioral data), the system can successfully recognize human stress and provide timely and appropriate assistance in a task-specific environment.
Identification of the User by Analyzing Human Computer Interaction
Authors: Rüdiger Heimgärtner
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Part III: Ubiquitous and Intelligent Interaction (2009)

This paper describes a study analyzing the interaction of users with a computer system to show that user identification is possible only by analyzing the user interaction behavior. The identification of the user can be done with a precision of up to 99.1% within one working session. This classification rate can be improved using additional interaction indicators. Moreover, this kind of protection method using the analysis of the interaction of the user with the system cannot be betrayed because of the uniqueness of the user interaction patterns. The method and the results of the study will be presented and discussed.
ICT and an NGO: Difficulties in attempting to be extremely transparent
Authors: A. Vaccaro, P. Madsen
Venue: Ethics and Information Technology (2009)

This paper analyzes the opportunities offered by information and communication technologies (ICTs) and the related ethical issues, within the transparency practices of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). Based upon a one-year study of a European NGO, the Italian Association of Blind People, it presents compelling empirical evidence concerning the main ethical, social and economic challenges that NGOs face in the development of more transparent relationships with the public and the related role of ICTs, in particular, the organization's website. This study shows that, although the attempt to be completely transparent has great ethical value, ICT-enabled information disclosure is limited by privacy and security concerns and by pressure from financial supporters and benefactors and potential NGO competitors who vie for grants and donations. The paper provides some implications and suggestions for managers of NGOs and policy makers.
Museli: a multi-source evidence integration approach to topic segmentation of spontaneous dialogue
Authors: Jaime Arguello, Carolyn Rosé
Venue: Proceedings of the Human Language Technology Conference of the NAACL, Companion Volume: Short Papers on XX (2006)

We introduce a novel topic segmentation approach that combines evidence of topic shifts from lexical cohesion with linguistic evidence such as syntactically distinct features of segment initial contributions. Our evaluation demonstrates that this hybrid approach outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms even when applied to loosely structured, spontaneous dialogue.
GeoSOM Suite: A Tool for Spatial Clustering
Authors: Roberto Henriques, Fernando Bação, Victor Lobo
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Science and Its Applications: Part I (2009)

The large amount of spatial data available today demands the use of data mining tools for its analysis. One of the most used data mining techniques is clustering. Several methods for spatial clustering exist, but many consider space as just another variable. We present in this paper a tool particularly suited for spatial clustering: the GeoSOM suite. This tool implements the GeoSOM algorithm, which is based on Self-Organizing Maps. This paper describes this tool, and shows that it is adequate for exploring spatial data.
FaTLease: scalable fault-tolerant lease negotiation with Paxos
Authors: Felix Hupfeld, Björn Kolbeck, Jan Stender, Mikael Högqvist, Toni Cortes, Jonathan Martí, Jesús Malo
Venue: Cluster Computing (2009)

A lease is a token which grants its owner exclusive access to a resource for a defined span of time. In order to be able to tolerate failures, leases need to be coordinated by distributed processes. We present FaTLease, an algorithm for fault-tolerant lease negotiation in distributed systems. It is built on the Paxos algorithm for distributed consensus, but avoids Paxos' main performance bottleneck of requiring persistent state. This property makes our algorithm particularly useful for applications that can not dispense any disk bandwidth. Our experiments show that FaTLease scales up to tens of thousands of concurrent leases and can negotiate thousands of leases per second in both LAN and WAN environments.
Approach of Non-optimum Analysis on Information Systems Security
Authors: Libo Hou, Ping He
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 IITA International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems Engineering (case 2009) (2009)

A kind of theory surrounding with sub-optimum information system, the systematical non-optimum analysis method, has been presented, and thereby the practice courses and results of mankind are classified by their natures into three categories: optimum, sub-optimum and non-optimum, and also, the way of seeking out the maximum sub-optimum has been found out. It is considered that the non-optimum system information does not exclude the targets and the results of non-optimization in practice. The formation of non-optimum information system serves as the basis for existence of optimum system. Besides, the various characteristics and functions of the optimum system can be measured from the non-optimum information system. By summing the practice, this paper has also come at sub-optimum principle of the information system, established the conception of sub-optimum thresholds and put forward three theorems about sub-optimum parameters. Finally, according to the previous practice of optimization, kind of method has been developed to approach the maximum sub-optimum from minimum non-optimum.
Color Image Restoration Using Nonlocal Mumford-Shah Regularizers
Authors: Miyoun Jung, Xavier Bresson, Tony F. Chan, Luminita A. Vese
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Energy Minimization Methods in Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (2009)

We introduce several color image restoration algorithms based on the Mumford-Shah model and nonlocal image information. The standard Ambrosio-Tortorelli and Shah models are defined to work in a small local neighborhood, which are sufficient to denoise smooth regions with sharp boundaries. However, textures are not local in nature and require semi-local/non-local information to be denoised efficiently. Inspired from recent work (NL-means of Buades, Coll, Morel and NL-TV of Gilboa, Osher), we extend the standard models of Ambrosio-Tortorelli and Shah approximations to Mumford-Shah functionals to work with nonlocal information, for better restoration of fine structures and textures. We present several applications of the proposed nonlocal MS regularizers in image processing such as color image denoising, color image deblurring in the presence of Gaussian or impulse noise, color image inpainting, and color image super-resolution. In the formulation of nonlocal variational models for the image deblurring with impulse noise, we propose an efficient preprocessing step for the computation of the weight function w. In all the applications, the proposed nonlocal regularizers produce superior results over the local ones, especially in image inpainting with large missing regions. Experimental results and comparisons between the proposed nonlocal methods and the local ones are shown.
A Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithm for Numerical Parameter Space Characterization of Reaction Diffusion Systems
Authors: Tim Hohm, Eckart Zitzler
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th IAPR International Conference on Pattern Recognition in Bioinformatics (2009)

Mathematical modeling is used to assist in studying complex biological systems. Still, setting up and characterizing models pose challenges of its own: identifying suitable model parameters, even when high-resolution time course data concerning the system behavior is available, is a difficult task. This task is further complicated when this high-resolution data remains unavailable like for the tissue level systems considered in developmental biology--a type of systems we focus on in the present study. In addition, costly simulations for tissue level systems prohibit excessive simulations during the parameter estimation phase.Here, we propose an approach that is dedicated to assist in the task of parameter space characterization for reaction diffusion models--a common type of models in developmental biology. We investigate a method to numerically identify boundaries that partition the parameter space of a given model in regions that result in qualitatively different system behavior. Using an Evolutionary Algorithm (EA) combined with an Artificial Neural Network (ANN), we try to identify a representative set of parameter settings minimizing the distance to such boundaries. In detail we train the ANN on numerical data annotated using analytical results to learn the mapping between parameter space and distances to boundaries, thereby guiding the optimization process of the EA to identify such a set of parameter settings. The approach is tested with respect to its boundary identification and generalization capabilities on three different reaction diffusion systems--for all three we are capable of reliably identifying boundaries using the proposed approach.
Brief paper: Hopf bifurcation and oscillations in a communication network with heterogeneous delays
Authors: Huibing Yin, Paul Wang, Tansu Alpcan, Prashant G. Mehta
Venue: Automatica (Journal of IFAC) (2009)

In this paper, we investigate stability, bifurcation and oscillations arising in a single-link communication network model with a large number of heterogeneous users adopting a Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)-like rate control scheme with an Active Queue Management (AQM) router. In the system considered, different user delays are known and fixed but taken from a given distribution. It is shown that for any given distribution of delays, there exists a critical amount of feedback (due to AQM) at which the equilibrium loses stability and a limit cycling solution develops via a Hopf bifurcation. The nature (criticality) of the bifurcation is investigated with the aid of Lyapunov-Schmidt perturbation method. The results of the analysis are numerically verified and provide valuable insights into dynamics of the AQM control system.
Organized Reframing Process with Video Ethnography: A Case Study of Students' Design Project for New Interface Concept from Research to Visualization
Authors: Katsuhiko Kushi
Venue: Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Human Centered Design: Held as Part of HCI International 2009 (2009)

Ethnographical research is a recent trend in design profession field, but its open-ended approach does not always bring effective solutions, especially when a novice design student executes it. Inspired by Jacob Buur's video ethnography, the author revised the approach and applied it to a design project sponsored by a corporation. The project goal set by the company was vague enough for students to lose a consistent direction, however, with this method they could find underlying needs and created a set of attractive solution ideas to the client company.This report will describe how the project went and generate results, and finally, discuss the possibility of design with video ethnography.
Session-Based Compilation Framework for Multicore Programming
Authors: Nobuko Yoshida, Vasco Vasconcelos, Hervé Paulino, Kohei Honda
Venue: Formal Methods for Components and Objects: 7th International Symposium, FMCO 2008, Sophia Antipolis, France, October 21-23, 2008, Revised Lectures (2009)

This paper outlines a general picture of our ongoing work under EU Mobius and Sensoria projects on a type-based compilation and execution framework for a class of multicore CPUs. Our focus is to harness the power of concurrency and asynchrony in one of the major forms of multicore CPUs based on distributed, non-coherent memory, through the use of type-directed compilation. The key idea is to regard explicit asynchronous data transfer among local caches as typed communication among processes. By typing imperative processes with a variant of session types, we obtain both type-safe and efficient compilation into processes distributed over multiple cores with local memories.
A Weighting Threshold Optimization Method in Speech Recognition
Authors: Xuefei Liu, Linlin Lu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Asia-Pacific Conference on Information Processing - Volume 02 (2009)

Speech recognition accuracy tends to drop down in strong noisy conditions. Accordingly, useful signals may be eliminated if the coefficients are processed with the same wavelet threshold. To solve this problem, a weighting threshold optimization method is proposed. The weighting is optimized according to the relativity of wavelet coefficients in each decomposed layer so that the denoising threshold can be more accurate. The useful speech signals can be reserved completely. The signals anti-interference ability can also be enhanced. an get a better performance especially at adverse conditions.
Flashlight interaction: a study on mobile phone interaction techniques with large displays
Authors: Alireza Sahami Shirazi, Christian Winkler, Albrecht Schmidt
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services (2009)

In this paper, we introduce Flashlight interaction, a new approach to light-based interaction between mobile phones and large screens by using the phone camera flashlight. Using a mobile phone as an interaction device with large screens has been explored in various projects. Mobile phones are enhanced with different sensors and provide opportunities to be used as an interaction device with other devices such as a large display. Our approach supports to set up a private-public display setting and provide simple means for interaction without a wireless connectivity. Our user study results indicate that the interaction is easy to perform and understand due to the direct mapping between the phone movement and the response on the screen.
Multiprocessor, Multithreading and Memory Optimization for On-Chip Multimedia Applications
Authors: B. Girodias, Y. Bouchebaba, G. Nicolescu, E. M. Aboulhamid, P. Paulin, B. Lavigueur
Venue: Journal of Signal Processing Systems (2009)

Multiprocessor System-on-Chip is one of the main drivers of the semiconductor industry revolution by enabling the integration of complex functionality on a single chip. The techniques for processor design and application optimizations can be combined together for more efficient design of these systems. Thus, the memory optimization techniques improving the data locality can be combined with multithreading technology, improving the overall processor efficiency. The combination of these techniques is mainly challenged by the adaptation of memory optimization techniques to the high parallelism offered by the multithreading environments. This paper presents an in-depth analysis of the impact of multiprocessor and multithreading environments on memory optimization techniques. A discussion is provided on the different types of parallelization (fine and coarse grain) and their influence on memory optimization technique. Some improvements on existing memory optimization techniques are presented as well some adaptation necessary to use them in this type of environment.
SADP: Site Architecture Driven by Personalization
Authors: Juliano Z. Blanco, Antonio Francisco do Prado
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE Conference on Commerce and Enterprise Computing (2009)

- This paper presents a process to build websites based on personalization issues, aiming the improvement of services for the users. In this process not only the history of navigation and preferences detected or expressed by the user are considered for personalization but also the types of devices and networks used for communication, and even the content presented. The information related to the user interactions is stored and used for construction of user profiles. Such information is obtained through implicit monitoring of the site and is treated using Fuzzy Ontology. The process stands out for directing the architecture of the site to provide personalized services.
Ranking Learning on the Web by Integrating Network-Based Features
Authors: Yingzi Jin, Yutaka Matsuo, Mitsuru Ishizuka
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Advances in Social Network Analysis and Mining (2009)

Many efforts are undertaken by people and companies to improve their popularity, growth, and power, the outcomes of which are all expressed as rankings (designated as target rankings). Are these rankings merely the results of its elements' own attributes? In the theory of social network analysis (SNA), the performance and power of actors are usually interpreted as relations and the relational structures they embedded. In this study, we propose an algorithm to generate and integrate network-based features systematically from a given social network that mined from the Web to learn a model for explaining target rankings. Experimental results for learning to rank researchers' productivity based on social networks confirm the effectiveness of our models. This paper specifically examines the application of a social network that provides an example of advanced utilization of social networks mined from the Web.
The Impact of Automation Assisted Aircraft Separation on Situation Awareness
Authors: Arik-Quang V. Dao, Summer L. Brandt, Vernol Battiste, Kim-Phuong L. Vu, Thomas Strybel, Walter W. Johnson
Venue: Proceedings of the Symposium on Human Interface 2009 on Human Interface and the Management of Information. Information and Interaction. Part II: Held as part of HCI International 2009 (2009)

This study compared situation awareness across three flight deck decision aiding modes. Pilots resolved air traffic conflicts using a click and drag software tool. In the automated aiding condition, pilots executed all resolutions generated by the automation. In the interactive condition, automation suggested a maneuver, but pilots had the choice of accepting or modifying the provided resolution. In the manual condition pilots generated resolutions independently. A technique that combines both Situation Global Assessment Technique and Situation Present Awareness Method was used to assess situation awareness. Results showed that situation awareness was better in the Manual and Interactive conditions when compared to the Automated condition. The finding suggests that pilots are able to maintain greater situation awareness when they are actively engaged in the conflict resolution process.
Topic-driven multi-document summarization with encyclopedic knowledge and spreading activation
Authors: Vivi Nastase
Venue: Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (2008)

Information of interest to users is often distributed over a set of documents. Users can specify their request for information as a query/topic -- a set of one or more sentences or questions. Producing a good summary of the relevant information relies on understanding the query and linking it with the associated set of documents. To "understand" the query we expand it using encyclopedic knowledge in Wikipedia. The expanded query is linked with its associated documents through spreading activation in a graph that represents words and their grammatical connections in these documents. The topic expanded words and activated nodes in the graph are used to produce an extractive summary. The method proposed is tested on the DUC summarization data. The system implemented ranks high compared to the participating systems in the DUC competitions, confirming our hypothesis that encyclopedic knowledge is a useful addition to a summarization system.
An Intelligent Algorithm Based on Grid Searching and Cross Validation and its Application in Population Analysis
Authors: Yangu Zhang, Saiping Chen, Yi Wan
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Natural Computing - Volume 02 (2009)

Population statistic and forecast is important basis that government establishes correlative policy, population’s all characteristic has strong non-linear speciality because of all kinds of effects. A cross validation optimized parameter least support vector machine method of population statistic and forecast is presented aiming at bad precision and lack of rationality of all approximate model at present. Complicated and strong nonlinear population characteristic relation is simulated by network design and conformation of the least square support vector machine learning algorithm and selecting the optimized support vector machine parameters by the method of grid searching and cross validation. The model is HverifiedH by taking population growth rate HforH example, cross validation optimized parameter least support vector machine algorithm has strong ability of nonlinear mapping and self-learning, it avoids availably phenomenon of partial minimum and overfitting, the future population problem can be accurately calculated and judged , it gains high precision by comparing numerical value of network output with fitting value and numerical real value. It provides a new artificial intelligent approach for population analysis.
Less Is More: Maximal Marginal Relevance as a Summarisation Feature
Authors: Jan Frederik Forst, Anastasios Tombros, Thomas Roelleke
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Theory of Information Retrieval: Advances in Information Retrieval Theory (2009)

Summarisation approaches aim to provide the most salient concepts of a text in a condensed representation. Repetition of extracted material in the generated summary should be avoided. Carbonell and Goldstein proposed Maximal Marginal Relevance as a measure to increase the diversity of documents retrieved by an IR system, and developed a summariser based on MMR. In this paper, we look at the viability of MMR as a feature in the traditional feature-based summarisation approach proposed by Edmundson. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player