ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Generic characteristic analysis on traction substation operation
Authors: Hongsheng Su
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd WSEAS international conference on Circuits, systems, signal and telecommunications (2009)

In electrified railway traction supply systems, operation qualities and reliabilities of the transformer loop is higher, but ones of bus output units is comparatively low. The main loop still works when output loops are in failure, and the connection formation between them is in series. Traditional reliability analysis methods let their lifetime follow exponential distribution, and reliability is investigated based on the minimal path sets, which lead to a comparatively rough result, consequently. According to Markov theory, in this paper the main loop life is considered as mixed Erlang distribution with order n, and the output unit life follows generic distribution. As compared with conventional series systems, the acquired results are reliable and ubiquitous.
On some new approximate factorization methods for block tridiagonal matrices suitable for vector and parallel processors
Authors: Hou-Biao Li, Ting-Zhu Huang, Yong Zhang, Xing-Ping Liu, Hong Li
Venue: Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (2009)

In this paper, to obtain an efficient parallel algorithm to solve sparse block-tridiagonal linear systems, stair matrices are used to construct some parallel polynomial approximate inverse preconditioners. These preconditioners are suitable when the desired goal is to maximize parallelism. Moreover, some theoretical results concerning these preconditioners are presented and how to construct preconditioners effectively for any nonsingular block tridiagonal H-matrices is also described. In addition, the validity of these preconditioners is illustrated with some numerical experiments arising from the second order elliptic partial differential equations and oil reservoir simulations.
Towards an interface for untethered ubiquitous gaming
Authors: Tiago Martins, Teresa Romão, Christa Sommerer, Laurent Mignonneau, Nuno Correia
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Advances in Computer Entertainment Technology (2008)

This paper describes the design, implementation and evaluation of a wearable interface for ubiquitous gaming, dubbed Gauntlet. Our objective has been to achieve a user interface for intuitive and immersive interaction in mobile gaming environments, but generic enough to be used in diverse game styles and untethered from location-specific hardware and software frameworks. A fully-functional prototype has been built from the first design approach and its use illustrated by a gaming application based on manipulation of real objects. Usability evaluation, focusing on players' experiences with the Gauntlet, has helped us to validate our approach and uproot both usability and wearability issues.
Converting H.264-Derived Motion Information into Depth Map
Authors: Mahsa T. Pourazad, Panos Nasiopoulos, Rabab K. Ward
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th International Multimedia Modeling Conference on Advances in Multimedia Modeling (2009)

An efficient method that estimates the depth map of a 3D scene using the motion information of its H.264-encoded 2D video is presented. Our proposed method employs a revised version of the motion information. This is obtained based on the characteristics of the 3D human visual perception. The low complexity of our approach and its compatibility with future broadcasting networks allow its real-time implementation at the receiver, i.e. the 3D signal is delivered at no additional burden to the network. Performance evaluations show that our approach outperforms the other existing H.264-based technique by up to 1.5 dB PSNR i.e. it provides more realistic depth information of the scene. Moreover the subjective comparison of results (obtained by viewers watching the generated stereo video sequences on 3D display system) confirms the higher efficiency of our method.
Apple Training Series: A Teacher's Guide to Digital Media in the Classroom, 1 edition
Authors: Richard Harrington
Venue:  (2008)

In this Apple-certified guide, Richard Harrington shows teachers how to integrate digital media arts into their existing curriculum using iLife 08, iWork 08, and practical, step-by-step projects. Developed in collaboration with the Pearson Education Foundation in accordance with theNational Educational Technology Standards council, the book includes class-room tested guidelines from the Foundation's Digital Media Arts program, as well as inspirational profiles of successful digital media classroom projects around the world. Designed to be used with Apple Training Series: iLife 08 and Apple Training Series: iWork 08, this guide covers everything from designing a photo essay to creating polished video projects, and will have teachers and students producing websites, podcasts, video blogs, and DVDs in no time. Students learn to: Express a Feeling: Create a photo-essay slideshow, add sound, and publish it on the web Make a Factual Case: Track data in a spreadsheet, organize it into charts, then deliver it as a Keynote presentation Make a Persuasive Case: Research an issue, develop an argument, and create a PSA in iMovie and burn it to DVD Solve a Problem: Reconcile income and expenses in a household budget and chart financial scenarios Tell a Story: Document the personal history of a community leader in a short, sophisticated movie
A framework using service oriented architecture in a community information and referral system
Authors: Jennifer L. Davidson, Aaron E. Smith, Guy-Alain Amoussou, Steven J. Steinberg
Venue: Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges (2009)

People in crisis often do not know where to find help in their community. The 2-1-1 system is a new service where anyone can get current information about local community services, via internet or telephone. We propose a framework for information and referral systems that provides stability, integrates with other systems, and is sustainable over time. We use a service oriented architecture, and include an ontology that utilizes XML and RDF to deliver requested data to the user. A taxonomy system that is consistent with other referral services can be implemented. Our framework is adaptable and it provides a possible way to standardize 2-1-1 systems.
Simulation highway for applied systems management
Authors: Egils Ginters, Rosa Maria Aguilar Chinea
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th conference on Circuits, systems, electronics, control and signal processing (2008)

Nowadays the decision making in the obstacles of complex technological environment becomes very difficult and risky process. The reason is that control of technological processes and management of sociotechnical processes are information capacious and expensive. Due to the reasons mentioned above topical are the requirements for situations forecasting to ensure estimation and evaluation of the different factors and scenarios before the decision making. In 21 century for solving the questions mentioned the varied modelling tools int. al. simulation can be used. Moreover, today is possible to design open and highly functional modelling systems having human-machine interface (HMI), which doest not asks for the specific skills on information and communication technologies (ICT). Unfortunately some problems still exist related with standards compatibility, formats harmonization and concepts consistency. Simulation Highway is the project, which aim is the elaboration of the conceptual model and the demonstrator of the open and distributed simulation system aimed to modelling of events and processes at the different structural levels of applied system using the information base, and understandings about the actors and objects of applied area as well as other factors. Using the system mentioned above will be possible to ensure transparent access to simulation environment and decision making for the specialists from applied area having minimal knowledge in information technologies and simulation.
RFID-based supply chain partner authentication and key agreement
Authors: Florian Kerschbaum, Alessandro Sorniotti
Venue: Proceedings of the second ACM conference on Wireless network security (2009)

The growing use of RFID in supply chains brings along an indisputable added value from the business perspective, but raises a number of new interesting security challenges. One of them is the authentication of two participants of the supply chain that have possessed the same tagged item, but that have otherwise never communicated before. The situation is even more complex if we imagine that participants to the supply chain may be business competitors. We present a novel cryptographic scheme that solves this problem. In our solution, users exchange tags over the cycle of a supply chain and, if two entities have possessed the same tag, they agree on a secret common key they can use to protect their exchange of business sensitive information. No rogue user can be successful in a malicious authentication, because it would either be traceable or it would imply the loss of a secret key, which provides a strong incentive to keep the tag authentication information secret and protects the integrity of the supply chain. We provide game-based security proofs of our claims, without relying on the random oracle model.
Two-phase fine-grain sleep transistor insertion technique in leakage critical circuits
Authors: Yu Wang, Ku He, Rong Luo, Hui Wang, Huazhong Yang
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems (2008)

Sleep transistor (ST) insertion is a valuable leakage reduction technique in circuit standby mode. Fine-grain sleep transistor insertion (FGSTI) makes it easier to guarantee circuit functionality and improve circuit noise margins. In this paper, we introduce a novel two-phase FGSTI technique which consists of ST placement and ST sizing. These two phases are formally modeled using mixed integer linear programming (MILP) models. When the circuit timing relaxation is not large enough to assign ST everywhere, leakage feedback (LF) gates, which are used to avoid floating states, induce large area and dynamic power overhead. An extended multi-object ST placement model is further proposed to reduce the leakage current and the LF gate number simultaneously. Finally, heuristic algorithms are developed to speed up the ST placement phase. Our experimental results on the ISCAS'85 benchmarks reveal that: 1) the two-phase FGSTI technique achieves better results than the simultaneous ST placement and sizing method; 2) when the circuit timing relaxation varies from 0% to 5%, the multi-object ST placement model can achieve on average 4 ×-9 × LF gate number reduction, while the leakage difference is only about 8% of original circuit leakage; 3) our heuristic algorithm is 1000× faster than the MILP method within an acceptable loss of accuracy.
A fast longer path algorithm for routing grid with obstacles using biconnectivity based length upper bound
Authors: Yukihide Kohira, Suguru Suehiro, Atsushi Takahashi
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference (2009)

In recent VLSI systems, signal propagation delays are requested to achieve the specifications with very high accuracy. In order to meet the specifications, the routing of a net often needs to be detoured in order to increase the routing delay. A routing method should utilize a routing area with obstacles as much as possible in order to realize the specifications of nets simultaneously. In this paper, a fast longer path algorithm that generates a path of a net in routing grid so that the length is increased as much as possible is proposed. In the proposed algorithm, an upper bound for the length in which the structure of a routing area is taken into account is used. Experiments show that our algorithm utilizes a routing area with obstacles efficiently.
On Channel Capacity and Error Compensation in Molecular Communication
Authors: Baris Atakan, Ozgur B. Akan
Venue: Transactions on Computational Systems Biology X (2008)

Molecular communication is a novel paradigm that uses molecules as an information carrier to enable nanomachines to communicate with each other. Controlled molecule delivery between two nanomachines is one of the most important challenges which must be addressed to enable the molecular communication. Therefore, it is essential to develop an information theoretical approach to find out communication capacity of the molecular channel. In this paper, we develop an information theoretical approach for capacity of a molecular channel between two nanomachines. Using the principles of mass action kinetics, we first introduce a molecule delivery model for the molecular communication between two nanomachines called as Transmitter Nanomachine (TN) and Receiver Nanomachine (RN). Then, we derive a closed form expression for capacity of the channel between TN and RN. Furthermore, we propose an adaptive Molecular Error Compensation (MEC) scheme for the molecular communication between TN and RN. MEC allows TN to select an appropriate molecular bit transmission probability to maximize molecular communication capacity with respect to environmental factors such as temperature and distance between nanomachines. Numerical analysis show that selecting appropriate molecular communication parameters such as concentration of emitted molecules, duration of molecule emission, and molecular bit transmission probability it can be possible to achieve high molecular communication capacity for the molecular communication channel between two nanomachines. Moreover, the numerical analysis reveals that MEC provides more than % 100 capacity improvement in the molecular communication selecting the most appropriate molecular transmission probability.
Kinetic maintenance of mobile k-centres on trees
Authors: Stephane Durocher, Christophe Paul
Venue: Discrete Applied Mathematics (2009)

Given a set P of points (clients) on a weighted tree T, a k-centre of P corresponds to a set of k points (facilities) on T such that the maximum graph distance between any client and its nearest facility is minimised. We consider the mobilek-centre problem on trees. Let C denote a set of n mobile clients, each of which follows a continuous trajectory on a weighted tree T. We establish tight bounds on the maximum relative velocity of the 1-centre and 2-centre of C. When each client in C moves with linear motion along a path on T, the motions of the corresponding 1-centre and 2-centre are piecewise linear; we derive a tight combinatorial bound of @Q(n) on the complexity of the motion of the 1-centre and corresponding bounds of O(n^2@a(n)) and @W(n^2) for a 2-centre, where @a(n) denotes the inverse Ackermann function. We describe efficient algorithms for calculating the trajectories of the 1-centre and 2-centre of C: the 1-centre can be found in optimal time O(nlogn) and a 2-centre can be found in time O(n^2logn). These algorithms lend themselves to implementation within the framework of kinetic data structures. Finally, we examine properties of the mobile 1-centre on graphs and describe an optimal unit-velocity 2-approximation.
Three-layer control policy for grid resource management
Authors: Chunlin Li, Layuan Li
Venue: Journal of Network and Computer Applications (2009)

The paper proposes a three-layer control policy for grid resource management, which applies a bottom-up approach to dynamic resource management. In order to hierarchically allocate resources in the system to maximize system utility, different controllers are deployed at three levels: local controller, group controller, and global controller. Global control considers all applications and coordinates three layers of grid architecture in response to large system changes at coarse time granularity. While local control adapts a single application to small changes at fine granularity. Global control exploits the interlayer coupling of fabric layer, collective layer and application layer to perform less frequent and effective control actions for a system-wide optimization. The interaction between grid layers is controlled through the use of the pricing variable, which coordinates the user demand at the application layer and supply of resources at the fabric layer. The paper proposes pricing-based three-layer control algorithms. This paper demonstrates the benefits of the control algorithm through simulations.
Pathway knowledge base: An integrated pathway resource using BioPAX
Authors: Nikesh Kotecha Kyle Bruck William Lu Nigam Shah
Venue: Applied Ontology (2008)

The role of proteins and their function in pathways is crucial to understanding complex biological processes and their failures that lead to disease. With over 200 pathway databases in existence, it is not possible for biologists to examine a pathway in all of them. The emergence and adoption of Biological Pathways Exchange (BioPAX), a standardized format for exchanging pathway information, provides a unique opportunity to integrate knowledge from multiple pathway databases. We conducted a case study integrating multiple pathway databases using BioPAX and Oracle's resource description framework (RDF) data repository. This integration enables querying across different species and across multiple pathway resources simultaneously. It also enables comparison of the degree of complementarity across different pathway sources. We find that BioPAX and RDF are powerful mechanisms for data exchange and integration and are instrumental in enabling an integrated resource. The integrated dataset/s and code for our implementation in this case study is available as a resource we named the pathway knowledge base (PKB, http://pkb.stanford.edu).
Key Independent Watermark Detection
Authors: R. G. Van Schyndel, I. D. Svalbe, A. Z. Tirkel
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems - Volume 2 (1999)

Many types of pseudo-random signals have been used to embed signatures as watermarks, with spread spectrum signal techniques used to recover the signature from the encrypted data. Legendre sequences are a suitable candidate for signature encryption as they exhibit 'perfect' two level auto-correlation.Additionally, Legendre sequences have the unusual and interesting property of invariance under Fourier transformation; the spatial and frequency representation of each sequence is identical up to a phase factor.The presence of a Legendre-based watermark, embedded in the pixel or transform domain, can be detected by cross-correlating a sequence-encrypted image with its Fourier transform. This property enables verification of the presence of a watermark (of specified length), without requiring prior knowledge of the sequence type or key used for the encryption.
Safe clocking for the setup and hold timing constraints in datapath synthesis
Authors: Keisuke Inoue, Mineo Kaneko, Tsuyoshi Iwagaki
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th ACM Great Lakes symposium on VLSI (2009)

The setup and hold timing constraints are two types of timing constraints, which should be kept by each operation, and they may be violated by the timing variation of control signals. In this paper, we show that we can solve such potential timing violations in high-level synthesis without degrading speed performance, but by devising register assignment and clocking scheme. That is, we will combine Backward-Data-Direction (BDD) clocking, Forward-Data-Direction (FDD) clocking, and Structural Robustness against delay Variation (SRV)-based register assignment to solve potential timing violations. First, we formulate the problem as a minimum register assignment problem for datapaths which has a proper ordered clocking. After that, we propose an integer linear programming (ILP) formulation and show the experimental results for some benchmark circuits.
Compact MOSEFT Models for VLSI Design
Authors: A. B. Bhattacharyya
Venue:  (2008)

This book presents a unified view of MOSFET modeling, allowing the practitioner to view and interpret device phenomena concurrently using different modeling strategies, as opposed to gaining familiarity with the models in isolation. Secondly, while MOS devices are well covered in a number of text books, device physics do not get necessarily linked to model parameters which serve as an input in design phase, leaving a wide gap between device understanding and its use for optimal circuit performance. Further, being technology driven, models undergo evolution continuously. Yet from the projection of International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) it is possible to identify the core physical concepts that will drive the evolution and trend that is likely to dominate the future. Therefore, the impact of quantum mechanical related phenomena has been given more prominent presence in the pedagogic approach of this book than is available in currently available texts.Uses a unified approach to coach students through the confusing array of MOSFET models One of the first books to relate MOS physics with device models to better prepare practitioners for real-world design activities Helps fables designers bridge the gap with off-site foundries Presents topics that will prepare readers for long term developments in the field Includes solutions in every chapter Can be tailored for use among students and professionals of many levels Comes with MATLAB code downloads for independent practice and advanced study Includes presentation slides with book figures for lecturer use
Measurements and modelling of thermal step current in GaN/SiO2/Si structure
Authors: A. Matoussi, A. Dhouib, Z. Fakhfakh
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2009)

In this work, we report results of measurement of space charge in GaN/SiO"2/Si structure by means of thermal step method (TSM) and capacitance-voltage (C-V). TSM is a non destructive method for quantifying and localizing the electric charges in insulating materials. Its principle consists to apply a low thermal step to a short-circuited or dc-biased sample and to record a current response, which depends on the charge present in the device. The C-V characteristics show an almost metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) behaviour and retention of charges after forward bias sweeping. The space charge dynamics in the structure are followed under low applied dc voltages. Results show a significant inversion of the TSM currents above applied voltage of 200mV. A theoretical model is then presented in order to estimate the amount of the trapped charges and to interpret the variation of the TS currents as a function of the applied gate voltages.
Algorithms to construct suboptimal organization hierarchies
Authors: M. V. Gubko
Venue: Automation and Remote Control (2009)

The problem of controlling an organization structure (hierarchy of organization control) was considered as that of discrete optimization, that is, minimization by selecting the permissible hierarchy of total costs of maintaining its managers. For the case of the so-called uniform functions of manager costs, the lower estimate of the costs of the optimal hierarchy was obtained allowing one, besides all other things, to determine approximately the main characteristics of the optimal hierarchy such as the number of managers, their norm of controllability, and so on. Quality of this lower estimate was studied, and effective algorithms to construct suboptimal hierarchies with costs slightly exceeding the optimal ones were proposed for some important cases.
Drupal 6 Themes: Create new themes for your Drupal 6 site with clean layout and powerful CSS styling
Authors: Ric Shreves
Venue:  (2008)

The ideal introduction to theming in Drupal 6. The main requirements to make use of this book are knowledge of HTML, CSS, and a touch of creativity - you don't need to know anything about theming in Drupal, although you should be familiar with the basic operation of the Drupal system. Although this book aims to make Drupal theming accessible to designers, theming in Drupal 6 involves writing some PHP code, and a basic knowledge of PHP will be helpful. Regardless of your technical skills, this book will teach you to design themes for your Drupal websites in the easiest way.