ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Interprocess communication systems
Venue: ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review (1975)

This session dealt with distributed systems with proven &ldquo;existence theorems&rdquo;; their communications mechanisms must be a compromise between idealism and workability. During the session Vic Lesser raised the question whether complex systems are necessarily hierarchical. This is the contention of the General System Theory school, out of which many books have appeared, the most accessible being Beyond Reductionism edited by A. Koestler and J.R. Smythies (Beacon Press, Boston, 1975). Another discussion concerns the question of simultaneity in large systems.
Symmetry Detection by Random Sampling and Voting Process
Authors: Atsushi Imiya, Tomoki Ueno, Iris Fermin
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing (1999)

We propose a randomized method for the detection of symmetry in polyhedra without assuming the predetermination of the centroids of the objects. Using a voting process, which is the main concept of the Hough transform in image processing, we transform the geometric computation for symmetry detection based on graph theory, to the peak detection problem in a voting space in the context of the Hough transform.
Propositional representation of arithmetic proofs (Preliminary Version)
Authors: Martin Dowd
Venue: Proceedings of the tenth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing (1978)

Equations f@@@@ &equil; g@@@@ between polynomial time computable functions can be represented by sets of propositional formulas. If f@@@@ &equil; g@@@@ is provable in certain arithmetic systems, then polynomial length proofs of the representing formulas exist in certain propositional systems. Two cases of this phenomenon and a general theory are given.
The Wiener Filter and Regularization Methods for Image Restoration Problems
Authors: Almerico Murli, Luisa D'Amore, Valentina de Simone
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing (1999)

Discretization of image restoration problems often leads to a discrete inverse ill posed problem: the discretized operator is so badly conditioned that it can be actually considered as undetermined. In this case one should single out the solution which is the nearest to the desired solution.The usual way to do it is to regularize the problem. In this paper we focus on the computational aspects of the Wiener filter, introduced at the beginning of the 40th, i.e. about 20 years before the Tikhonov regularization, in the framework of the regularization methods. The emhpasis will be given on its reliability and its efficiency, both of which become more and more important as the size and the complexity of the real problem grow and the demand for advanced real-time processing increases.
Sift - searching in free text: A text retrieval system (abstract only)
Authors: Oystein Reigem
Venue: Proceedings of the joint conference on Easier and more productive use of computer systems. (Part - I): Information processing in the social sciences and humanities - Volume 1981 (1981)

The SIFT project is aimed at developing an advanced text retrieval system possessing the features of high modularity, high portability, possibilities for integration with word processing systems and a flexible user interface. Possible applications for such a system would be found wherever any sizable collection of information requires efficient retrieval. The SIFT system is mainly designed to solve the problems of searching in free, i.e. unstructured, text but extensive functions for dealing with structured information are also offered.The SIFT project is based on former experience in the use of other retrieval systems, particularly the Norwegian version of the British STATUS system, NOVA*STATUS, a system which has found application in various public agencies and at all Norwegian universities.The SIFT project was initiated on January 1, 1980, and a prototype version of the system will be implemented on a NORD computer towards the end of 1981. The final product will be made available free of charge.This presentation will treat the structure, characteristics and applications of the SIFT system.
The interaction between the preliminary designs and the technical requirements for the DoD common high order language
Authors: David A. Fisher
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Software engineering (1978)

The Common High Order Language effort began in January 1975 as part of a DoD wide program to reduce the cost and to improve the quality of its software. The effort is an attempt to create a situation in which software for new embedded computer systems are developed and maintained using a minimal number of general-purpose programming languages, and that those languages be suited to the applications, be widely used in DoD, and be well supported.
On the computability of certain monsters in Noah's Ark: Using computers to study Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary and The New Merriam-Webster Pocket Dictionary
Authors: Carter Revard
Venue: Proceedings of the 1968 23rd ACM national conference (1968)

Complete magnetic tape transcriptions of Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (hereafter W7) and The New Merriam-Webster Pocket Dictionary (hereafter MPD) are now being examined by Olney, Reichert, Revard, and others as part of the Lexicographic Project (directed by Olney) at System Development Corporation.1,2 Programs are being used or written to process these transcriptions in various ways, both automatically and interactively. The present paper discusses aspects of the structure of this large data base and describes some research procedures by which we are taking (or hope to take) advantage of that structure. The particular procedures described are meant to throw light on semantic relations and connections within the English lexicon; specifically, to trace so far as possible synonymous, derivational, and hierarchical relations between word senses in W7 and MPD. As will become apparent, procedures for tracing synonymous relations are more advanced and computable at present than those, somewhat dimly envisioned, for tracing derivational and hierarchical relations.It is hoped, however, that the attempt to describe the procedures will be of interest to others studying the English lexicon or those of other languages; at least it should provoke critical questioning, likely to be of use to us and perhaps to others.
Cost value of design automation
Authors: F. Glenn Fielding
Venue: Proceedings of the SHARE design automation project (1965)

Presumption is not a characteristic calculated to &ldquo;win friends and influence people.&rdquo; And it would be presumptuous - and slightly ridiculous - of anyone to present a &ldquo;cost evaluation of design automation&rdquo; as if the comparative costs versus achievable benefits of this broad subject could be classified in some static relationship. The costs may be real as a check on a solvent bank account, and the benefits may be just as realistic - but their relationship is far from static. A close analogy might be the cost/value assessment of a piece of business property. At any given moment the cost is fixed (by negotiation, to be sure), but the related value is entirely dependent upon what the buyer plans to do with it. A parking lot for automobiles places one value on it; a multi-story office building, a department store, a one-man neighborhood drug store relate different values to the same cost.
Organic program design: A programming method which mixes design and coding is espoused
Authors: Ted Herman
Venue: Proceedings of the 1975 annual conference (1975)

The subject of programming methodology has recently become quite popular. Much has already been written about the topic [1], and various new systematic methods have been proposed. In the analysis of programming, many components are separated and their properties investigated. Certain workers have translated these conceptual resolutions into suggestions; often, it is recommended that one type &ldquo;programming activity&rdquo; be isolated, as far as possible, from another type of programming activity. One common proposal holds that the design of a program and the act of programming should not be miscegenated. This paper, another polemic foray into the area of programming methodology, questions the separation of program design from other programming activities.
FINNET&mdash;a homogeneous multiprocessor network
Authors: Doug Dyment
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd ACM SIGSMALL symposium and the first SIGPC symposium on Small systems (1980)

FINNET is an approach to computer systems design that utilizes the economy, reliability, and flexibility of small computers functioning in a cohesive fashion to provide large scale computer power at a fraction of the usual cost. This approach is valid over a wide range of equipment configurations and will support system growth ranging from a single computer to a large geographically distributed network of processors, each capable of performing in stand-alone fashion under a variety of operating systems or participating with other processors in the solution of problems too large or complex for a single machine. The basic component of this design approach is NETCOM, a straightforward inter-process communication system that supports local high speed data channels as well as full duplex, multi-line, multi-drop, remote synchronous lines. By providing location independent support for the concept of functional processes, NETCOM allows their distribution among multiple processors, thereby providing not only increased throughput, but also yielding improved reliability and the capability for system expansion or reconfiguration (both hardware and software) without programming modifications.
Ultimate: A hardware logic simulation engine
Authors: M. E. Glazier, A. P. Ambler
Venue: Proceedings of the 21st Design Automation Conference (1984)

The growing need for high-speed digital logic simulation is well-known and several special-purpose hardware architectures to provide this have, to date, been presented. This paper attempts to address the problems of high-speed simulation in a more systematic and detailed manner to achieve an enhanced performance from a simpler architecture. The proposed architecture is capable of providing all the facilities currently available in software logic simulators.
FOIL&mdash;a file-oriented interpretive language
Authors: John C. Hesselbart
Venue: Proceedings of the 1968 23rd ACM national conference (1968)

In the summer of 1967 a project was begun at The University of Michigan to provide users of a general- purpose, time-sharing system with the capability for exploring conversational uses of computers for instruction. The idea for the project developed from the interest of faculty members in a number of subject areas who wished to develop conversational programs and investigate the benefits of computer-assisted instruction in the classroom and laboratory using existing time-sharing facilities. Support was provided by UNIVAC Division of Sperry Rand Corporation. A general-purpose system is appropriate for application of computers to college-level instruction. The computer is available for small projects requiring one or a few terminals for which the acquisition of a dedicated system with many terminals is not justified. Some instructional applications take advantage of existing system routines by incorporating them as subroutines. Other lessons are variations of computer programs written for scientific research purposes. Students obtain additional benefits by learning computer skills and developing interests in other computer applications which can be pursued on the general-purpose system.
Logging, security experts data base, and crypto key management
Authors: Charles C. Wood
Venue: Proceedings of the 1984 annual conference of the ACM on The fifth generation challenge (1984)

Note: The remarks and opinions expressed herein are strictly those of the author, and in no way reflect the official position of the Bank of America. This paper presents three important&mdash;and likely to soon to be available&mdash;facilities that will help increase the security associated with computer systems of the 1990s. They are, in the order of their presentation, (1) enhanced logging and monitoring facilities, (2) an on-line database of information security experts, and (3) generalized encryption key management packages. These facilities are described from a functional rather than an implementation standpoint. The basis for stating that these facilities will soon be available is simply the author's last six years of research and consulting experience in the computer security field at SRI International and the Bank of America.
Utilization of a small computer for real-time continuous patient monitoring
Authors: Steven R. Deller, F. John Lewis, Michael L Quinn
Venue: Proceedings of the 1971 26th annual conference (1971)

The general goals of a patient monitoring system are described and discussed, particular emphasis being placed on the necessity for extensive user-system interactions. The design of an executive program based on these goals is presented. The executive controls the execution of multiple, independent tasks and provides certain functions which are most frequently used in real-time monitoring. The executive structure and control algorithms are described. Several applications which use the executive are described including a four patient, multiple-signal, continuous monitoring system and a paging control program.
Simulation category languages-a DDP example
Authors: P. Nick Lawrence
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th conference on Winter simulation - Volume 2 (1977)

General simulation languages can be used to express any simulation situation. Often, however, the expressions are bulky and cumbersome because of the host language's need for generality. High-level languages for specific situations or problem areas, called &ldquo;Category Languages&rdquo;, can greatly improve users' access to simulation computing power and can quite easily and justifiably be implemented as &ldquo;front-end&rdquo; pre-processors to ordinary general simulation languages. In this paper, definitions and motivations for Category Language Methodology are presented, with a discussion of applications areas, implementation methods, and an example of the Category Language Methodology drawn from Distributed Data Processing.
Overstructured management of software engineering
Authors: Gerald M. Weinberg
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Software engineering (1982)

Poor management can increase software costs more rapidly than any other factor, yet few studies have been made of poor management. One model suggests that poor management may arise from overly structured thinking on the part of software engineers who become managers after achieving technical success.
A user-oriented approach to systems design
Authors: Henry C. Lucas,  Jr.
Venue: Proceedings of the 1971 26th annual conference (1971)

The most serious problems in advancing the use of computer-based systems are described as organizational instead of technical. The operations of a computer department are examined to show how the relationship between computer users and professionals often fits the conditions of' a general model of conflict. It is argued that a user-oriented approach to systems design is needed which helps to reduce conflict and promote cooperation. The results of a study of conflict between users and data processing departments are briefly described. It is suggested that the questionnaire and interview techniques used in this study be applied to the process of system design. The recommended procedure includes obtaining data on attitudes and information for use in the design of a new computer system directly from users. Both the data collected and the involvement of users as a result of adopting the approach should help to improve the acceptance and quality of computer-based systems.
Software management and the impact of improved programming technology
Authors: George P. DiNardo
Venue: Proceedings of the 1975 annual conference (1975)

This paper presents the impact of &ldquo;Improved Programming Technology&rdquo; as viewed by a major financial institution. Limitations and/or advantages are discussed in terms of an overview as well as the institution's practical experience. Recommendations as to the most productive elements for initial implementation are also included.
Parameter interdependencies of file placement models in a Unix system
Authors: Alfredo de J. Perez-Davila, Lawrence W. Dowdy
Venue: ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review (1984)

A file assignment case study of a computer system running Unix is presented. A queueing network model of the system is constructed and validated. A modeling technique for the movement of files between and within disks is proposed. A detailed queueing network model is constructed for several file distributions in secondary storage. The interdependencies between the speed of the CPU, the swapping activity, the visit ratios and the multiprogramming level are examined and included in the modeling technique. The models predict the performance of several possible file assignments. The various file assignments are implemented and comparisons between the predicted and actual performance are made. The models are shown to accurately predict user response time.
The Cell Design System
Authors: D. Franco, L. Reed
Venue: Proceedings of the 18th Design Automation Conference (1981)

The Cell Design System (CDS) is part of a set of tools developed in the 1970s by the Electronics Division of Xerox to support CAD design. This paper describes the CDS, which is a highly interactive graphics system used for layout of custom chips. Described are the hardware environment and language, the kinds of manipulation allowed, types of objects, and viewing options. The CDS benefitted from experience with Icarus1 which is an early research effort for cell design layout. As with Icarus, a strong benefit of the CDS is its availability on a personal computer, thus providing a layout capability within the office confines of the designer. Also, we feel that the CDS has provided a unique and powerful method of viewing cells and has a highly effective human interface.
Pre-scheduling&mdash;a management tool?
Authors: John M. Hoffman, John M. Gwynn,  Jr.
Venue: Proceedings of the 1971 26th annual conference (1971)

The purpose of this paper was to introduce some of the preliminary findings resulting from the studies into the management of a class of computer based information systems which were conducted in the School of Information and Computer Science of the Georgia Institute of Technology. One of the main accomplishments was the specification of a pre-scheduling system which could monitor existing and future workloads and could identify effective processing sequences. The pre-scheduling procedure and its basic components were outlined through the identification of the fundamental defining expressions. The possible effects of the implementation of such a procedure were investigated through several experiments and a summary of these have been presented as to the effects of the pre-scheduling upon management decisions.
Paging on an object-oriented personal computer
Authors: Ricki Blau
Venue: Proceedings of the 1983 ACM SIGMETRICS conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems (1983)

A high-performance personal computing environment must avoid perceptible pauses resulting from many page faults within a short period of time. Our performance goals for a paged virtual memory system for the Smalltalk-80TM@@@@; programming environment are both to decrease the average page fault rate and to minimize the pauses caused by clusters of page faults. We have applied program restructuring techniques to the Smalltalk-80 object memory in order to improve the locality of reference. The analysis in this paper considers the clustering of page faults over time and distinguishes between steady-state behavior and phase transitions. We compare the effectiveness of different restructuring strategies in reducing the amount of main memory needed to obtain desired levels of performance.
The principle of sufficient reason: A guide to language design for parallel processing.
Authors: Dennis P. Geller, Gerald M. Weinberg
Venue: Proceedings of the conference on Programming languages and compilers for parallel and vector machines (1975)

To a large extent, the design of languages for parallel processing machines seems to be a problem merely because of the historical precedence of von Neumann machines. We have grown up professionally in a serial computing environment, so that many of the habits we have acquired are related to that seriality and yet are so deeply ingrained thay we do not recognize seriality as the reason for doing them. Instead they seem like 'natural' laws, sometimes so 'natural' that we don't even notice their existence. In many cases then, we can arrive at the proper design of languages for parallel processing simply by forgetting what we 'know' about programming languages &mdash; but forgetting is not an easy thing to do without specific guidelines. One such guideline is the Principle of Sufficient Reason, which states: &ldquo;parallel is more natural than serial, unless proved otherwise.&rdquo;
Design automation in ship detailing
Authors: John B. Cohen, George O. Gardner, Bernhard W. Romberg
Venue: Proceedings of the 1967 22nd national conference (1967)

As part of the Navy's intensive program to introduce new techniques in its ship design and manufacturing process, Arthur D. Little, Inc., is developing under the sponsorship of the Naval Ship Engineering Center, Naval Ship Systems Command, a computerized system for the design detailing of hull structures for naval ships. The system takes its input data from the ship's contract plans, standard design specifications, and parameters; it produces as output working drawings for use in the shipyard, APT part programs for numerically controlled flame cutting machines, and auxiliary information such as center of gravity statements and bills of material and weight. This paper will describe the principal functional capabilities of the system, emphasizing those dealing with program organization and data management.
Computer currency
Authors: Neal S. Coulter, Fred G. Harold
Venue: ACM SIGCSE Bulletin (1978)

The notion of continuing education is nowhere more relevant than in the computer context. The fact that many top managers completed their formal education before computer topics were a part of most university curricula, coupled with the elemental changes that have transformed our industry for even those computer specialists who completed their education a few years ago, make continuing education for &ldquo;computer currency&rdquo; a very real need. A continual passing from hand to hand of computer knowledge is essential if we are to deal with technology in a timely way. Understanding of computer concepts can be a medium of exchange with real financial value in our technologically oriented society; in other words, a money type of currency.