ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Design a Tool for Construction of Unique Knowledge Base for Expert Systems
Authors: Chitra Dadkhah, Ahmad Abdollahzadeh-Barforoush, Mahsa Arab Yar Mohammady
Venue: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Systems Engineering (2005)

So far, a lot of knowledge representation methods have been discussed. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages, so it is not possible to introduce a specific method as the best knowledge representation technique. We introduced a unique knowledge base, Ex-OAV KB. As the verification and validation (V&V) of knowledge in any AI systems is important, we propose a new user freindly tool, TKT-OAV, to transform the knowledge representation method of any expert system such as semantic network or frame to the Ex-OAV KB. By using this tool, we could also draw and edit the semantic network or frame and construct the Knowledge Base. This tool uses the standard algorithms that have been designed in [1] for transforming the knowledges. The transformed knowledges are shown in three forms: OAV triple, OAV hierarchy and OAV table. Finally the knowledge base which its knowledges are represented in OAV triple is created. Any expert system shell can use this KB for reasoning and the verification and validation tools like OAV_VVT Expert, could also verify and validate this knowledge base.
New findings of functional anova with applications to computational finance and statistics
Authors: Art Owen, Darrell Duffie
Venue:  (2005)

The analysis of variance (ANOVA) for square integrable functions on [0, 1]d is becoming a widely used tool for the exploratory analysis of functions in areas from bioinformatics, finance, statistics, and so on. It enables us to quantify the notion that some variables and interactions are much more important than others as well as identifying them. This ANOVA result forms a global sensitivity analysis distinct from local methods based on partial derivatives, and therefore, sheds light on how variables interact with each other on the whole space of [0,1]d. Saltelli, Chan, and Scott (2000) provide a survey of global sensitivity analysis with numerous applications in the physical sciences. Within the ANOVA formulation, we can measure variable importance for both individuals and groups, via numerical integration. Sobol' and his co-authors (Sobol' 1990; Sobol' 1993; Archer, Saltelli, and Sobol' 1997; Sobol' 2001) have developed unbiased Monte Carlo methods for estimating global sensitivity indices expressed through variances of ANOVA component functions. The ANOVA of [0,1]d involves 2 d &minus; 1 effects and corresponding mean squares. For moderately large d, it becomes difficult to estimate them all. It is much less difficult to estimate certain interpretable weighted sums of these mean squares, which can address such issues as bounds on effective dimensions, and the effectiveness of Quasi-Monte Carlo method. This dissertation develops some new theory and algorithms for the ANOVA of [0,1]d. It defines a superset importance measure, which can be useful in studying the full interaction of all variables. One of the larger contributions of this dissertation is that, through some identities, it connects global sensitivity indices and the afore-defined superset importance measure to some weighted sums of mean squares, which significantly reduces computational complexity. Then, grouped ANOVA brings the theoretical study one step further. The dissertation also uses these techniques to investigate various functions, from financial valuation, and extreme value theory to bootstrap.
Lithofacies recognition Hybrid Bench
Authors: Inhauma Neves Ferraz, Ana Cristina Bicharra Garcia
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Hybrid Intelligent Systems (2005)

Well Offshore petroleum exploration is a risky, but very profitable task. Determining the rock formation of each layer of a given reservoir diminishes the risks of expending a great deal of money drilling dry wells. Since collecting offshore rock samples is difficult and expensive, geologists must decide upon drilling based on indirect measures called well log. Traditional statistical methods have been used to assist this task. Neural networks have also been successfully used. As an alternative fuzzy logic based systems have an extra appeal of intuitive comprehension of some uncertainties. This paper presents an hybrid tool that combines neural networks, fuzzy logic and neuro-fuzzy logic to improve human intuition when analyzing the potential of oil fields.
Reducing power consumption during online and offline testing
Authors: Shalini Ghosh
Venue:  (2005)

This dissertation proposes techniques for power reduction in online and offline circuit testing. Power management is critical in both these domains, since high power dissipation can drive up production cost and even cause errors. The first part of the dissertation focuses on power reduction for online testing with concurrent error detection capabilities, where errors in the operation of the circuit are detected (and possibly corrected) at normal operational run-time. In online testing, power dissipation has lately become a first-order design criterion due to the significant hardware overhead for detecting/correcting errors and ensuring system reliability. Two problems are addressed, namely reducing power in concurrent error detection for (1) error correcting codes for memory checker, and (2) synthesis of parity prediction circuits. The next part of the dissertation discusses power reduction for offline testing. With the advent of high-performance and low-power devices, the power consumed during circuit testing has become a critical issue since the power dissipated in a circuit during the testing phase can be much larger than the power consumed during normal operation. Techniques are presented for reducing power in two popular methods of offline circuit testing: (1) scan testing, and (2) built-in self-test.
Dependency Parsing with an Extended Finite-State Approach
Authors: Kemal Oflazer
Venue: Computational Linguistics (2003)

This article presents a dependency parsing scheme using an extended finite-state approach. The parser augments input representation with "channels" so that links representing syntactic dependency relations among words can be accommodated and iterates on the input a number of times to arrive at a fixed point. Intermediate configurations violating various constraints of projective dependency representations such as no crossing links and no independent items except sentential head are filtered via finite-state filters. We have applied the parser to dependency parsing of Turkish.
Linear Time Algorithm for Approximating a Curve by a Single-Peaked Curve
Authors: Jinhee Chun, Kunihiko Sadakane, Takeshi Tokuyama
Venue: Algorithmica (2006)

Given a function y = f(x) in one variable, we consider the problem of computing the single-peaked (unimodal) curve y =&#x03c6;(x) minimizing the L2-distance between them. If the input function f is a histogram with O(n) steps or a piecewise linear function with O(n) linear pieces, we design algorithms for computing &#x03c6; in linear time. We also give an algorithm to approximate f with a function consisting of the minimum number of unimodal pieces under the condition that each unimodal piece is within a fixed L2-distance from the corresponding portion of f.
Emotions as a metaphor for altering operational behavior in autonomic computing
Authors: R. Chandarana, D. B. Skillicorn
Venue: Proceedings of the 2005 conference of the Centre for Advanced Studies on Collaborative research (2005)

The ability to change operational behavior in response to changes in both external and internal environment is an important aspect of autonomic computing. Managing such behavioral changes is challenging. We propose emotions as a useful mechanism for understanding the structure and use of behavioral changes, and present the design and implementation of the Emotion System, a stand-beside environment for ordinary programs. Both the metaphor and the implementation are designed to make it easy for software developers to integrate autonomic computing into their systems.
A Case Study of the Recursive Least Squares Estimation Approach to Adaptive Testing for Software Components
Authors: Hai Hu, W. Eric Wong, Chang-Hai Jiang, Kai-Yuan Cai
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Quality Software (2005)

The strategy used for testing a software system should not be fixed, because as time goes on we may have a better understanding of the software under test. A solution to this problem is to introduce control theory into software testing. We can use adaptive testing where the testing strategy is adjusted on-line by using the data collected during testing. Since the use of software components in software development is increasing, it is now more important than ever to adopt a good strategy for testing software components. In this paper, we use an adaptive testing strategy for testing software components. This strategy (AT_RLSEc with c indicating components) applies a recursive least squares estimation (RLSE) method to estimate parameters such as failure detection rate. It is different from the genetic algorithm-based adaptive testing (AT_GA) where a genetic algorithm is used for parameter estimation. Experimental data from our case study suggest that the fault detection effectiveness of AT_RLSEc is better than that of AT_GA and random testing.
Identity-based encryption from algorithm to enterprise deployment
Authors: Guido Appenzeller
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th ACM conference on Computer and communications security (2005)

Identity-Based encryption is an asymmetric encryption system where identifiers such as email addresses, server names or phone numbers, can be used as public keys. Originally proposed by Adi Shamir in 1984, the first practical algorithm became available in 2001. Since then IBE has not only generated huge interest in academia, it has seen wide-scale adoption in industry, is used by hundreds of thousands of users and is in the process of being standardized by the IEEE.In this talk we will give an overview of the state of IBE, and reflect on what led to its rapid success. Unlike many encryption protocols, IBE is a new cryptographic paradigm that can not be built from existing encryption algorithms. As a new primitive, IBE directly solves some of the existing problems with classic public key systems. Specifically it enables the use of short-lived public keys, removes the overhead of certificate management and enables keys to be centrally managed. As a result IBE systems require less state and are much more lightweight and scalable than traditional PKI systems.In this talk we will give an overview over the IBE algorithms and standardization activities. We will describe a secure email systems based on IBE, and by examining the example of a live enterprise deployment of IBE discuss advantages and differences to traditional PKI.
Automatic verb agreement in computer synthesized depictions of american sign language
Authors: Rosalee Wolfe
Venue:  (2005)

A challenge in the translation of English to American Sign Language (ASL) is the incorporation of proper conjugations for agreement verbs. Previous English-to-gesture systems use Signed English and fail to conjugate the verbs. However, previous research in linguistics had characterized verb conjugations. So far, work has been done in linguistics to properly define a verb conjugation. However, no previous work has addressed the problem of automatically inflecting for locus and number in agreement verbs using computer animation. The author presents a system that automatically generates verb conjugations of agreement verbs by using the citation form of the verb, linguistic characterization and geometric information.
Word sense disambiguation by selecting the best semantic type based on Journal Descriptor Indexing: Preliminary experiment
Authors: Susanne M. Humphrey, Willie J. Rogers, Halil Kilicoglu, Dina Demner-Fushman, Thomas C. Rindflesch
Venue: Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology (2006)

An experiment was performed at the National Library of Medicine&reg; (NLM&reg;) in word sense disambiguation (WSD) using the Journal Descriptor Indexing (JDI) methodology. The motivation is the need to solve the ambiguity problem confronting NLM's MetaMap system, which maps free text to terms corresponding to concepts in NLM's Unified Medical Language System&reg; (UMLS&reg;) Metathesaurus&reg;. If the text maps to more than one Metathesaurus concept at the same high confidence score, MetaMap has no way of knowing which concept is the correct mapping. We describe the JDI methodology, which is ultimately based on statistical associations between words in a training set of MEDLINE&reg; citations and a small set of journal descriptors (assigned by humans to journals per se) assumed to be inherited by the citations. JDI is the basis for selecting the best meaning that is correlated to UMLS semantic types (STs) assigned to ambiguous concepts in the Metathesaurus. For example, the ambiguity transport has two meanings: &ldquo;Biological Transport&rdquo; assigned the ST Cell Function and &ldquo;Patient transport&rdquo; assigned the ST Health Care Activity. A JDI-based methodology can analyze text containing transport and determine which ST receives a higher score for that text, which then returns the associated meaning, presumed to apply to the ambiguity itself. We then present an experiment in which a baseline disambiguation method was compared to four versions of JDI in disambiguating 45 ambiguous strings from NLM's WSD Test Collection. Overall average precision for the highest-scoring JDI version was 0.7873 compared to 0.2492 for the baseline method, and average precision for individual ambiguities was greater than 0.90 for 23 of them (51&percnt;), greater than 0.85 for 24 (53&percnt;), and greater than 0.65 for 35 (79&percnt;). On the basis of these results, we hope to improve performance of JDI and test its use in applications. &copy; 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Wrapper Induction Application with Knowledge Base Support: A Use Case for Initiation and Maintenance of Wrappers
Authors: Zina Ben Miled, Malika Mahoui, Mindi Dippold, Ali Farooq, Nianhua Li, Omran Bukhres
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth IEEE Symposium on Bioinformatics and Bioengineering (2005)

Integrating life science web databases, while important and necessary, is a challenge for current integration systems mainly due to the large number of these databases, their heterogeneity and the fact that their interfaces may change often. BACIIS, a biological and chemical information integration system, is a tightly coupled federated database system that uses the mediator wrapper method in order to retrieve information from several remote web databases. BACIIS relies on a semi-automated approach for generating and maintaining wrappers in order to provide a scalable system with a limited maintenance overhead. The semi-automatic wrapper induction in BACIIS is efficient because it is based on, but not limited to a domain knowledge. Tests show that the use of ontology increases the accuracy of the wrapper induction. We also present how the wrapper induction system facilitates wrapper update, and assists in the information extraction. By using a wrapper induction system for creation and maintenance of wrappers, scalability, flexibility, and stability of the integrated information system is easily maintained.
Enhancing three-dimensional vision with three-dimensional sound
Authors: Daniel Dobler, Philipp Stampfl
Venue: ACM SIGGRAPH 2004 Course Notes (2004)

This course offers a thorough introduction to three-dimensional, multi-channel sound. Three-dimensional sound has been neglected in most VR and AR applications, even though it can significantly enhance their realism and immersion. This course explains the main concepts and the most important terms, and provides a detailed overview of the currently available hardware and software. It combines theoretical and practical knowledge on how to apply these technologies in VR and AR systems.
Programmable Low Dropout Voltage Regulator
Authors: Paul Hasler, AiChen Low
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth International Workshop on System-on-Chip for Real-Time Applications (2005)

We presents a novel design for a low dropout (LDO) voltage regulator is presented using floating-gate techniques to set the regulator output voltage and the ac and dc operating points of the circuit. In comparison with conventional topologies, this approach does not require a feedback resistive divider or a bandgap reference to generate a temperature independent voltage. The use of floating-gates allows the regulator output to be programmed to a desired mode of operation and then stored in a non-volatile manner. Experimental results are presented from a prototype circuit fabricated in MOSIS; this circuit has been functional in 2.0µm, 1.2µm, and 0.5µm processes available through MOSIS.
Panel Statement
Authors: Christian Bouville, Athanasios Demiris, Frederic Kleinermann, Haruo Takemura
Venue: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Applications on Internet (2006)

The goal of this panel is to discuss the status and the future of 3D Internet applications. The need for such applications, their applicability and benefits to different sectors, as well as advantages and disadvantages over standard 2D multimedia will be discussed by panelists from both academia and industry.
Energy-Efficient Adaptive Resource Management Strategy for Large-scale Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Authors: Shengfei Shi, Jianzhong Li, Chaokun Wang, Yuhui Wu, Baoliang Liu
Venue: Proceedings of the The Fifth International Conference on Computer and Information Technology (2005)

In the mobile ad hoc networks (MANET), all hosts are roaming. The network that interconnects these mobile hosts is a wireless one with a frequently changing topology, and there are no fixed infrastructures. It is more challenging to develop resource management methods for mobile ad hoc networks compared with infrastructured networks. Many previously proposed mechanisms are not well suited for MANETs, since they either rely on special frameworks or they produce a huge message overhead in resource-constrained networks. In this paper, we propose a novel resource management strategy, which need no special frameworks and directory servers. The approach can be used to many current routing protocols and the QoS issue is also considered. The results of simulation confirm the good performance of our algorithms in different situations in terms of query latency and power consumption.
The effects of enjoyment and habit on the use of web-based information systems
Authors: Joko W. Saputro
Venue:  (2005)

A conceptual model named Use of Web-based Information System (UWIS) was developed to understand the effects of enjoyment and habit on intention to use a particular website at post-adoption stages. The proposed model was tested based on the data collected from 563 users of online retailing services (e.g., amazon.com, ebay.com, and barnesandnoble.com) and 574 users of online information services (e.g., news, sports, and weather portals). The results of structural equation modeling show that in Web-based retailing services, enjoyment does not have a significant main effect while habit does. On the other hand, in Web-based information services, both determinants have significant main effects on intention to use where habit is a stronger predictor than enjoyment. Interestingly, the relationship between enjoyment and behavioral intention was found to decrease as habit increased. Taken as a whole, this research suggests that although enjoyment plays an important role in some selected cases, habit has a more powerful and robust effect on individuals' post-adoptive use of online services.
COPS - Collaborative Peer-to-Peer Information Systems Workshop Report
Authors: Michele Angelaccio, Berta Buttarazzi
Venue: Proceedings of the 14th IEEE International Workshops on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprise (2005)

The first International Workshop on Collaborative Peer-to-Peer Information Systems, COPS05 was held in Linköping University as part of WETICE-2005. It was the first meeting devoted to the study of the emerging field of Cooperative Information Systems and P2P networks or Cooperative P2Pbased Information Systems (COPS). P2P Systems are popular because of the many benefits they offer: adaptation, self-organization, fault tolerance, and massive distribution and replication of large number of resources. The P2P environment is particularly challenging to work in Collaborative Information Systems because of the scale of the network and fault-tolerant nature of peers that characterize most P2P systems today. However, the P2P systems research community has focused on search and security aspects. Collaboration has been mainly viewed as an architectural paradigm instead of as an application framework for P2P systems. There is a need for a next generation tools for the development of applications that must integrate, for example, web servers network and p2p clients. Research communities working in database and distributed systems have included these topics in their agenda. However, a more specialized workshop could be an interesting place to exchange new ideas in the field of COPS.
Character Representation and Recognition Using Quadtree-based Fractal Encoding Scheme
Authors: Saeed Mozaffari, Karim Faez, Majid Ziaratban
Venue: Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (2005)

In this paper we proposed a new method for isolated handwritten Farsi/Arabic numerals recognition using quadtree-based fractal representation and iterated function system. Fractal codes represent affine transformations which when iteratively applied to the rangedomain pairs in an arbitrary initial image, the result is close to the given image. Each fractal code consists of six parameters such as the corresponding domain coordinates for each range block, brightness offset and an affine transformation. Based on fixed point theorem in iterated function system, we introduced fractal transformation classifier for optical character recognition. We also used Euclidean distance between fractal codes of a query image and fractal codes of all images in the database as a measure of distance for classification. Since fractal codes have different lengths, we applied PCA algorithm to normalize their lengths. There are ten digits in Farsi/Arabic language and since two of them are not used in Iran postal codes, therefore 8 classes are needed for digits. By using fractal codes with nearest neighbor classifier and fractal transformation, the recognition rate of 92.6% is obtained on our numeral database which contains 480 samples per digit and was gathered from more than 200 people with different ages and different educational background.
Critical Telecommunications Infrastructure Protection in Brazil
Authors: Edson Kowask Bezerra, Emilio Tissato Nakamura, Segio Luis Riberio
Venue: Proceedings of the First IEEE International Workshop on Critical Infrastructure Protection (2005)

Critical infrastructure protection is a concern that directly affects not only companies or governments, but also whole countries. This project focuses specifically on the telecommunications infrastvtrcture, upon which many other critical infrastructures are dependent. This paper presents a model for critical infrastructure protection and a set of four methodologies that support the model, the first of which is MCI' (Methodology for Critical Infrastructure IdentlJication). MCI~ considers social, political and economic aspect to define the actual context of a country and, based on this content, it is possible to identlh exactly which portions of the infrastructure can be considered critical. Application of MC1^2 to the Brazilian telecommunications sector is demonstrate.