ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Advantages and disadvantages of decentralized computing services
Authors: Deborah A. Truesdale
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th annual ACM SIGUCCS conference on User services (1982)

As computers expand further and further into all academic communities, so must the user services group. However, this expansion places a burden on a centralized computer center, and therefore, it is not surprising to see a trend developing in many large universities where the primary user services function is transferred from the main computer center to colleges and departments within the university. This results in the main computer center providing secondary user services and the college or department providing primary user services. Such is the situation at the University of South Carolina. The University is the largest in the State of South Carolina with approximately 35,000 students enrolled. For many years certain computing services functions have been the responsibility of the various colleges within the university, although the main computing center provides some short courses on programming languages, programming packages, and utilities plus, a newsletter, limited consulting, and technical support. The bulk of the teaching, consulting, and dissemination of information is the responsibility of the individual colleges within the university. This paper will discuss the problems encountered in establishing an individual college computing center as well as its advantages and disadvantages based on our experiences at the college or department level.
Simulation of sequential production systems with in-process inventory
Authors: David R. Anderson, Brian D. Sellers, Mohammed M. Shamma
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th conference on Winter simulation (1973)

This paper presents simulation results from a general sequential production system. The results are used to establish the effect of service time variability and to estimate minimum cost-in process inventory capacities.
The may company california network a case study
Authors: Zsolt S. de Torok
Venue: Proceedings of the ACM '81 conference (1981)

The concept of &ldquo;NETWORKING&rdquo; has traditionally been equated to the technical task of connecting equipment via some communications facility to provide the User with access to Data Processing files and equipment. Although this task has always required advanced technical skills, many companies do not realize that the designer of Telecommunications networks needs to also have strong managerial and systems design skills. For the past fifteen years, Data Communications Networks have been considered by most data processing technicians as nothing more than additional equipment (controllers, modems, terminals, communications lines, etc.) to be installed to allow the Users some means to remotely access data files located at the main computer site. These same technicians have failed to realize the needs of the User community, and failed even worse to take into account the large economic investments and possible returns associated with the installation of communications hardware.
An integrated approach for improving the systems development process
Authors: Edward W. Winters
Venue: Proceedings of the fourteenth annual computer personnel research conference (1976)

The development of an effective systems analyst is a long and costly process to an organization. An integrated approach to the development of systems analysts will result in improving technical quality and user acceptance of systems developed. This paper presents such an approach by outlining the relationships of standards, training and tools in an organization. The role of these components can be viewed as a triangle where each component supports and reinforces the other two components. If one of the components is missing or under-emphasized the structure is weakened, and this leads to lower quality systems. Below the three aspects are presented as Systems Development Standards, Systems Development Curriculum and a specific tool - Problem Statement Language.
Digital calculus: ss
Authors: Samuel C. Lee, Yousef M. Ajabnoor
Venue: Proceedings of the eighth international symposium on Multiple-valued logic (1978)

This paper attempts to establish a mathematical foundation for the variational analysis of multivalued switching systems. The mathematics in question is termed digital calculus, which includes Boolean calculus and binary vector Boolean calculus as special cases. In this paper the concept of Boolean difference (Boolean derivative) has been extended to multivalued (m-valued) switching algebra, where m need not be an integer power of 2. The derivatives of multivalued switching functions of potentially implementable multivalued algebras and their properties are presented. It is shown that every multivalued switching function of these algebras has a MacLaurin series expansion and a Taylor series expansion. As an example of the applications of digital calculus to multivalued switching systems design, the derivation of tests for fault detection of stuck-type faults in multivalued combinational circuits is presented and illustrated by an example.
On-line algorithms for the design of pipeline architectures
Authors: Robert Michael Owens, Mary Jane Irwin
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th annual symposium on Computer architecture (1979)

This paper presents a class of algorithms, On-Line Continued Sums/Products, which are amenable for the efficient implementation by a pipeline architecture. The implementation of these algorithms provides a simple and fast method for the evaluation of several of the elementary functions; i.e., addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, logarithm, exponentiation, sine, cosine, and tangent. In addition to possessing the expected properties necessary for the efficient implementation in a pipeline architecture, the On-Line Continued Sums/Products algorithms allow for the possibility of implementing a pipeline architecture which is dynamically reconfigurable and which can process variable precision operands.
BRUWIN: An adaptable design strategy for window manager/virtual terminal systems
Authors: Norman Meyrowitz, Margaret Moser
Venue: Proceedings of the eighth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles (1981)

With only one process viewable and operational at any moment, the standard terminal forces the user to continually switch between contexts. Yet this is unnatural and counter-intuitive to the normal working environment of a desk where the worker is able to view and base subsequent actions on multiple pieces of information. The window manager is an emerging computing paradigm which allows the user to create multiple terminals on the same viewing surface and to display and act upon these simultaneous processes without loss of context. Though several research efforts in the past decade have introduced window managers, they have been based on the design or major overhaul of a language or operating system; the window manager becomes a focus of&mdash;rather than a tool of&mdash;the system. While many of the existing implementations provide wide functionality, most implementations and their associated designs are not readily available for common use; extensibility is minimal. This paper describes the design and implementation of BRUWIN, the BRown University WINdow manager, stressing how such a design can be adapted to a variety of computer systems and output devices, ranging from alphanumeric terminals to high-resolution raster graphics displays. The paper first gives a brief overview of the general window manager paradigm and existing examples. Next we present an explanation of the user-level functions we have chosen to include in our general design. We then describe the structure and design of a window manager, outlining the five important parts in detail. Finally, we describe our current implementation and provide a sample session to highlight important features.
Software Configuration Management
Authors: Edward H. Bersoff, Vilas D. Henderson, Stan G. Siegel
Venue: ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes (1978)

This paper is about discipline. It is about discipline that managers should apply to software development. Why is such discipline needed? Quite simply because the software industry has traditionally behaved in an undisciplined manner&mdash;doing its own thing. The products that the industry has turned out have typically Contained other than what was expected (usually less, rather than more); Been delivered much later than scheduled; Cost more than anticipated; Been poorly documented; and If you have been involved in any of the situations quoted above, then this paper may be of some help. In short, if you are now, or intend to be, a software seller or buyer, then you should benefit from an understanding of Software Configuration Management. Lest you think that you are not now, or ever will be, a software seller or buyer&mdash;keep in mind that the recent technology explosion in electronic component miniaturization has placed the era of personalized computing at hand. In that context, nearly everyone may be considered a potential seller or buyer of software. This paper is about the discipline called Software Configuration Management (SCM). The objective of SCM is to assist the software seller in achieving product integrity and to assist the software buyer in obtaining a product that has integrity.
Towards a microprogramming language schema
Authors: Subrata Dasgupta
Venue: ACM SIGMICRO Newsletter (1978)

A microprogramming language schema S denotes a language whose semantics is partially defined. A particular language S(M1), corresponding to some specific microprogrammable host machine M1, is obtained when S's semantics is completed using the properties of M1. In this paper, the design of a PASCAL-influenced language schema S* is developed. The principal characteristics of S* are facilities for constructing well-structured, verifiable microprograms that can either be optimized at the source program level or can be subject to mechanical (compiler) optimization.
Automatic indexing
Authors: Harold Borko
Venue: Proceedings of the ACM '81 conference (1981)

One of the first projects in computer analysis of natural language was to devise procedures for representing the subject content of a document by a few text-derived terms, a process called automatic indexing. Although many developments have taken place over the years, the essential techniques of automatic indexing continue to focus on answering three basic questions: 1. How can automatic indexing be made to more adequately represent the subject content of a document? 2. How can automatic indexing improve recall by increasing the number of relevant documents retrieved? 3. How can automatic indexing improve precision by decreasing the number of non-relevant documents retrieved? During this tutorial session, we will review the advances that have been made, and the procedures that have been devised, to improve the effectiveness of automatic indexing. We will then consider the question of whether online retrieval systems can rely entirely on automatic indexing to achieve adequate retrieval effectiveness or whether some manual pre-indexing is still necessary.
Basic for realtime control applications
Authors: John E. Buxton,  Jr.
Venue: ACM SIGMINI Newsletter (1978)

Basic is a general purpose programming language commonly used in business applications. There are many versions of Basic with varying capabilities, ranging from simple games to large multi-terminal business applications. However, Basic is seldom used to implement a large realtime control system. The purpose of this paper is to describe a realtime control system and discuss the advantages and the disadvantages of implementing the system using Basic.
Micro computers - the procurement process (Panel Discussion)
Authors: Gerald N. Pitts, James S. Harvison, J. Richard Newman
Venue: Proceedings of the thirteenth SIGCSE technical symposium on Computer science education (1982)

The rapid proliferation of microcomputers in higher education for uses which vary from process and instrumentation control to computer aided instruction has caused many universities and state coordinating agencies to reevaluate their master plans for computing. This panel will discuss these issues and offer insight into possible solutions to some of the most common problems facing present and potential users of this technology. The use of microcomputers in the classroom and methods of acquisition utilized by a private university will be the concern of Dr. Pitts. Comparisons of the acquisition process between a large state institution with which he was recently affiliated and the private university will be emphasized. A different approach to the acquisition process and microcomputer utilization will be presented by Dr. Newman.
APL and the Grzegorczyk hierarchy
Authors: Seth Breidbart
Venue: Proceedings of the international conference on APL: part 1 (1979)

We show in this paper that the set of &ldquo;traditional&rdquo; APL l-liners (using arithmetic functions only) compute precisely the set of functions in the class E4 of the Grzegorczyk hierarchy (the class immediately above the elementary functions). We also show that if we extend the set of 1-liners to include either the &ldquo;execute&rdquo; operator, or 1 line programs with gotos, then any partial recursive function can be computed.
Management information systems: Survey of principle types of simulation models of the firm
Authors: S. Saltzman
Venue: Proceedings of the 1965 20th national conference (1965)

DIFFERENT TYPES of abstract models have been used for years in industry to describe activities and aid in the solution of management problems. It has been only in the last fifteen years, however, that this formal approach to the solution of some of these problems has developed to its present relatively sophisticated state. Much of the credit for the initiation of this development can be attributed to individuals from various disciplines who were active in the first industrial applications of operations research following the Second World War12. Since then, representatives of many different disciplines such as computer science, mathematics, statistics, engineering, economics, and the physical and behavioral sciences have contributed to the rapid growth of the applications of quantitative methods to the solution of management problems.
The CAMS preliminary missile design automation program
Authors: Richard J. Taylor, Edgar R. Cobb
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th Design Automation Workshop (1973)

This paper presents a description of the CAMS program and its current capabilities, some insights gained into the development of a large multi-discipline design automation system and future plans and possibilities for CAMS development. Figures and additional material are included at the end of the paper to allow the interested reader to study the structure and operation of the program in more detail.
Reconsideration of a theorem on admissible ordered search algorithms
Authors: M. M. Newborn
Venue: Proceedings of the 1976 annual conference (1976)

An improved proof is presented for a theorem on search algorithms which find minimal cost paths in a graph. The theorem essentially states that when searching for a minimal cost path in a graph, a more informed search algorithm expands fewer nodes than a less-informed algorithm. The proof does not require that the consistency assumption hold&mdash;an assumption that is necessary in the proof presented previously.
Towards an integrated environment for accessing external databases
Authors: Dennis Heimbigner
Venue: ACM SIGOA Newsletter (1984)

Diverse is a system that is designed to provide sophisticated access to external database systems. The requirements for such a system are outlined and the Diverse architecture is proposed for meeting those requirements. The Diverse system is built upon a relational database system for storing data and a knowledge base for interpreting procedural information. Diverse is intended to be an integrated environment consisting of a directory of information about the operation and semantics of external databases and media, a syntax-directed database translator, and a dialogue system for mechanizing routine operations.
Software engineering in 1968
Authors: B. Randell
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Software engineering (1979)

The paper attempts to portray the 1968 software scene, by recalling the principle technical issues and concerns of the time. These are discussed under the headings Software as a Commodity, Programming Languages, Multiprogramming and Time-Sharing, Modularity and Structuring, and The Problems of Large Systems. The paper ends with an account of the major debates at the first conference ever held on the subject of &ldquo;software engineering&rdquo;, the NATO Conference that took place in Garmisch in October 1968.
Documentation: A growing need...a new tool
Authors: Marcia A. Metcalfe
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th conference on Winter simulation - Volume 1 (1978)

The Software Design and Documentation Language (SDDL) has proven to be an effective, automated documentation tool. This paper presents the purpose, timing, and components of documentation. SDDL is introduced and related to the different timing scenarios; its capability to provide reasonable documentation is discussed and demonstrated by the use of several examples.
The computerized electrocardiogram: A model for medical signal analysis
Authors: Anna Lea Weihrer, John R. Whiteman, Cesar A. Caceres
Venue: Proceedings of the 1967 22nd national conference (1967)

The most widespread use of computers by hospitals to date is for administrative purposes. In contrast to these essentially nonmedical uses, the Instrumentation Field Station of the United States Public Health Service and other medical groups have developed programs for automatic analysis of medical signals. In these systems the electrocardiogram served as the model. Typically there are two program parts, pattern recognition and diagnosis. The IFS systems are primarily for clinical use now rather than research. The analysis is performed without intervention or supervision by a physician but provides in English language form a validated diagnostic aid, frees him from routine tasks, provides more time for patient care and expedites return of medical information. These advantages make it likely that electrocardiograms, and eventually most other medical signal waveforms, will be analyzed by computers.
MBALM/1700: A microprogrammed LISP machine for the Burroughs B1726
Authors: M. L. Griss, M. R. Swanson
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th annual workshop on Microprogramming (1977)

This paper describes the implementation of BALM and LISP processors for the Burroughs B1726 computer. The processors consist of an interpreter of MBALM pseudo-code (written in MIL), and a compiler from BALM or LISP to MBALM code (written in BALM or LISP). Of particular interest is the modular design of the interpreter, and the techniques used to evaluate and improve the size and speed of the machine. The current system is interactive, with incremental function compilation, compacting garbage collector, and virtual storage organization.
The conceptual schema as didactic tool
Authors: Fiorenza Scotti
Venue: ACM SIGCSE Bulletin (1982)

The topic of this paper can be considered as a derivation of the interaction between university and high school with business and industry. A new application of a conceptual tool is presented for learning and teaching purposes. This semantic instrument originates from the methodologies of data base projects but is particularly advantageous in mental learning processes and can also be the starting point for a successive mechanization.
A Modified Locality Matrix Model (MLMM) - dynamic clustering in a demand paging environment
Authors: Udo W. Pooch, David M. Burris
Venue: Proceedings of the 1976 annual conference (1976)

An algorithm is presented which dynamically clusters pages of a problem program based on its post program behavior (i.e. reference string patterns) in a demand paged virtual memory environment. The objective of this algorithm is to minimize the number of page faults during execution, while at the same time use memory page frames efficiently. Dynamic clusters of &ldquo;time and reference&rdquo; related pages are built during a program's execution time. The Modified Locality Matrix Model is used to determine inherent program locality and to predict independent dynamic program behavior, separating instruction from data references. Furthermore, strength coefficients between weakly or loosely coupled clusters are used to refine the cluster population, identify cluster transitions, as well as indicate the behavior of the cluster formations.
User services in a semi-autonomous, decentralized computing environment
Authors: Bill Brown
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th annual ACM SIGUCCS conference on User services (1980)

This paper presents some observations and impressions gained through attempting to define the needs of, and provide assistance to, microcomputer users at MSU over the past two years. Consideration is given to technical and non-technical factors that result in similarities, but that also raise unique problems and opportunities, when compared to traditional, centralized computing. The author concludes that the need for User Services will continue, if not become more acute, in the foreseeable future, in an increasingly autonomous and decentralized computing environment; the most effective way to meet these needs is with an educational program aimed at fostering self-sufficiency and cooperation among the users themselves, and with temporary, on-site assistance that involves users in developing perspective on both their computing needs and the responsibility they must assume if they are to supply their own computing power.
Optimal design of central processor data paths
Authors: Keki B. Irani, George A. McClain
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th Design Automation Workshop (1972)

The research described in this paper deals with the design automation of the central processor of a digital computing system. The principal aim has been to lay the groundwork for a new and unexplored area in the field of computer design. While conventional design automation systems provide the user with a convenient method of describing his design, we explore the possibility of giving the user the ability of describing the desired computer architecture along with the available building blocks with which it is to be implemented. In this paper we will describe the facilities of the model and then discuss a solution technique we have developed. In the statement of the model we will not attempt to include any of the mathematical formalism that underlies it.
Yet another conversational programming language - BPL
Authors: M. H. Williams
Venue: Proceedings of the 1978 annual conference - Volume 2 (1978)

BPL is an interactive language which is derived from the languages BASIC and Pascal. It was designed as a two-tier language to cater for beginners as well as advanced programmers. The lower level is very similar to BASIC with a few slight modifications particularly to the procedure/function declarations and control statements. The higher level incorporates most of the flexible data structures available in Pascal. The resulting language provides the advantages of both BASIC and Pascal.