ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Reconfigurability of the interconnect architecture for chip multiprocessors
Authors: Vaclav Dvorak
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th international symposium on Information and communication technologies (2005)

As multiprocessors on a single chip are penetrating quickly new application areas in network and media processing, their optimum interconnect architecture is of interest. A fixed application-specific interconnect may provide sufficient performance in some cases, but nowadays one can also consider the use of run-time reconfigurable interconnect to speed-up specific communication patterns during execution of the algorithm. The paper promotes the idea that the performance improvement can result mainly from changing interconnect topology for local and global communication patterns. Some examples of reconfigurable interconnect, clarifying this concept, are presented and a required area overhead is discussed.
Multi-View Face Alignment Guided by Several Facial Feature Points
Authors: Yanghua Liu, Yang Li, Linmi Tao, Guangyou Xu
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Image and Graphics (2004)

This paper proposes an improved algorithm for ASM addressing at face alignment with pose variation conquering local obstruction. To providing good initialization of ASM for reliable searching starting-point and faster convergence, an Affine Transform Insensitive Initialization Algorithm (ATIIA) is employed after several facial feature points are extracted by SDAM searching. Landmarks of ASM are sampled with special strategy to sufficiently describe gray-level information surrounding them. Special searching strategy is also provided for ASM so that problem of local obstruction can be solved. For multi-view face alignment, view-based ASMs are trained respectively for 5 face pose based on CMU-PIE database. The exciting experiment results are shown proving that this method is robust and not susceptible to various factors such as the scale of image, the rotation of head, the local obstruction and so on.
A painting interface for interactive surface deformations
Authors: Jason Lawrence, Thomas Funkhouser
Venue: Graphical Models (2004)

A long-standing challenge in geometric modeling is providing a natural, intuitive interface for making local deformations to 3D surfaces. Previous approaches have provided either interactive manipulation or physical simulation to control surface deformations. In this paper, we investigate combining these two approaches with a painting interface that gives the user direct, local control over a physical simulation. The "paint" a user applies to the model defines its instantaneous surface velocity. By interactively simulating this velocity, the user can effect surface deformations. We have found that this painting metaphor gives the user direct, local control over surface deformations for several applications: creating new models, removing noise from existing models, and adding geometric texture to an existing surface at multiple scales.
An Integrated Framework for Semantic Annotation and Adaptation
Authors: M. Bertini, R. Cucchiara, A. Del Bimbo, A. Prati
Venue: Multimedia Tools and Applications (2005)

Tools for the interpretation of significant events from video and video clip adaptation can effectively support automatic extraction and distribution of relevant content from video streams. In fact, adaptation can adjust meaningful content, previously detected and extracted, to the user/client capabilities and requirements. The integration of these two functions is increasingly important, due to the growing demand of multimedia data from remote clients with limited resources (PDAs, HCCs, Smart phones). In this paper we propose an unified framework for event-based and object-based semantic extraction from video and semantic on-line adaptation. Two cases of application, highlight detection and recognition from soccer videos and people behavior detection in domotic* applications, are analyzed and discussed.
The MyProxy online credential repository: Research Articles
Authors: Jim Basney, Marty Humphrey, Von Welch
Venue: Software&mdash;Practice Experience (2005)

The MyProxy online credential repository has been used by the Grid computing community for over four years for managing security credentials in the Grid public key infrastructure. MyProxy improves usability by giving users access to their credentials over the network using password authentication, allowing users to delegate their credentials via Web browser interfaces to the Grid, and supporting credential renewal for long-running jobs. MyProxy helps administrators secure users' private keys by providing an online service from which users retrieve short-lived credentials without distributing long-lived keys to potentially vulnerable end-systems. This paper describes the MyProxy system and its use. Copyright &copy; 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Toward a definition of the term numerical mathematician
Authors: F. N. Fritsch
Venue: ACM SIGNUM Newsletter (1972)

In attempting to evaluate the responses to the SIGNUM 1971 Nonacademic Numerical Mathematics Survey (see summary report published elsewhere in this Newsletter), it became clear that there is a need for a definition of the term "numerical mathematician". Without such a definition, the results of any such survey are necessarily ambigous. For example, our Laboratory employs over one hundred computer programmers, who frequently use mathematical subroutines in their codes. Are they numerical mathematicians? Furthermore, another hundred or more physicists and engineers are regular users of numerical methods. Should they be called numerical mathematicians?
Designing interactive life story multimedia for a family affected by alzheimer's disease: a case study
Authors: Tira Cohene, Ron Baecker, Elsa Marziali
Venue: CHI '05 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing systems (2005)

In this paper we present a design project involving primary end users who have declining cognitive abilities such as memory, communication, and problem solving. We are designing interactive multimedia with personalized life stories for individuals with Alzheimer's disease. We conducted a case study to discover and address the design challenges for this project. A particular challenge is a limited ability to communicate with the primary end users. In this paper, we present design methods that take this challenge into consideration. Our goal is to contribute insight into designing for users with cognitive disabilities, and to present methodologies that are useful for designers who have a limited ability to interact or communicate with end users.
Realization of multimethods in single dispatch object oriented languages
Authors: Rajeev Kumar, Vikram Agrawal, Anil Mangolia
Venue: ACM SIGPLAN Notices (2005)

The need for multimethods is preeminent in the domain of object-oriented programming. However, multimethods are far from universally acknowledged. Commonly used languages - C++, Java & C# - are single dispatching languages. In this paper, we demonstrate the alternatives for multimethods in such languages. The techniques discussed, in this paper, include double dispatching (a well known technique), technique of message dispatching using RTTI (explored in detail by us in this paper), and reflection (a feature provided by some compilers). We implement these techniques for C++, Java and C# languages and discuss issues associated with encapsulating multimethods in single dispatch languages. We also compare techniques in terms of their efficiency, ease of (re)use and type safety.
WM: AN EXPLORATION IN SCREEN-BASED TELEPHONY
Authors: Marc Fusco, Nicholas Gattuso,  Jr., Robert Schumacher
Venue: ACM SIGCHI Bulletin (1991)

Communications technology has evolved so rapidly that many features provided to the average user are underutilized. One of our goals for the future is to provide the user with an easy-to-use interface to all network services and capabilities. Screen-based telephony may provide a practical and functional interface by which a user can access and control their voice communication services. VVM is a screen-based interface to a voice processing system currently implemented on a personal computer. Laboratory usability testing has enabled us to refine the present design and impending field trials will provide us with qualitative and quantitative data in order to assess if users utilize more system-provided capabilities for voice processing than is currently used. This endeavor will enable greater understanding of what underlies the success or failure of screen-based telephony and allow us to validate assumptions that screen-based telephony has the potential to improve a wide range of voice services.
Research at USC/ISI
Authors: William C. Mann
Venue: Issue 79 (January 1982) (1982)

This project is developing a model of human communication as a kind of goal-pursuit activity, using naturally-occurring dialogues in English as the subject matter to be modeled. The model represents four principal levels of knowledge in communication: goals being pursued, speech acts used to pursue goals, propositions exchanged while performing speech acts, and linguistic symbols used to convey all of these.
Parameterization of the environment for transportable numerical software
Authors: Brian Ford
Venue: ACM SIGNUM Newsletter (1978)

An early draft of this note was used as a discussion document during the first meeting of the IFIP Working Group on Numerical Software (WG 2.5) in Oxford in January 1975. The meeting requested a precise specification of the purpose of the note and suggested a number of other improvements which led to a second draft. Written comment led to further changes. A third draft was discussed during a workshop on transportable numerical software in the Applied Mathematics Division of the Argonne National Laboratory in August 1975. A fourth draft was written in January 1976 and distributed widely for comment and criticism. Discussion at the NSF/ERDA workshop on portability of numerical software and at the second meeting of the IFIP WG 2.5 (both in June 1976), together with correspondence from other parties led to the preparation of the present document. Although some of the comment was contradictory, it is our belief that this final document represents a consensus view.
Low-connectivity network design on series-parallel graphs
Venue: Networks (2004)

Network survivability is a critical issue for modern fiber-optic telecommunication networks. Networks with alternate routes between pairs of nodes permit users to communicate in the face of equipment failure. In this paper, we consider the following low-connectivity network design &lpar;LCND&rpar; problem: Given a graph G &equals; &lpar;N, E&rpar; and a connectivity requirement di &isin; &lcub;0, 1, 2&rcub; for each node and edge costs ce for each edge e &isin; E, design a minimum-cost network that contains at least dst &equals; min&lcub;ds, dt&rcub; disjoint paths between nodes s and t. We present linear-time algorithms for both node- and edge-connectivity versions of the problem on series-parallel graphs. Due to the sparsity of telecommunications networks, this algorithm can be applied to obtain partial solutions and decompositions that may be embedded in a heuristic solution procedure as well as exact solution algorithms for the problem on general graphs. &copy; 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Looking for candidate translational equivalents in specialized, comparable corpora
Authors: Yun-Chuang Chiao, Pierre Zweigenbaum
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th international conference on Computational linguistics - Volume 2 (2002)

Previous attempts at identifying translational equivalents in comparable corpora have dealt with very large 'general language' corpora and words. We address this task in a specialized domain, medicine, starting from smaller non-parallel, comparable corpora and an initial bilingual medical lexicon. We compare the distributional contexts of source and target words, testing several weighting factors and similarity measures. On a test set of frequently occurring words, for the best combination (the Jaccard similarity measure with or without tf.idf weighting), the correct translation is ranked first for 20% of our test words, and is found in the top 10 candidates for 50% of them. An additional reverse-translation filtering step improves the precision of the top candidate translation up to 74%, with a 33% recall.
Analysis and design of soft-error hardened latches
Authors: Srivathsan Krishnamohan, Nihar R. Mahapatra
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th ACM Great Lakes symposium on VLSI (2005)

Soft errors are functional failures resulting from the latching of single-event transients (transient voltage fluctuations at a logic node or SETs) caused by high-energy particle strikes or electrical noise. Due to technology scaling and reduced supply voltages, they are expected to increase by several orders of magnitude in logic circuits. Both combinational and sequential logic circuits are expected to be affected. Many different latch designs to prevent soft errors due to particle strikes on the latch nodes have been proposed. We review these designs and compare them based on their robustness and their power and performance overheads. We also propose new latch designs, the best of which is vulnerable only to a single-event, multiple-upset without any delay overhead and consumes only 40% power of a standard latch. We expect this work will help designers to select latches for applications where soft error is an important design metric.
COMPUTERIZED TASK ANALYSIS
Authors: Maxine S. Cohen, David G. Payne, Richard E. Pastore
Venue: ACM SIGCHI Bulletin (1991)

We developed an integrated computer-based procedure for conducting task analyses of the human-machine interface. The data base established with this task analysis methodology can be used by various system designers to answer questions at different levels (e.g., assessing individual keystrokes vs. overall mental workload levels) and as the system moves through the design stage. Our methodology is based upon the use of conventional task analysis procedures for data collection purposes but employs computer spreadsheet capabilities for analyzing and presenting these data.
A Dense Stereo Matching Using Two-Pass Dynamic Programming with Generalized Ground Control Points
Authors: Jae Chul Kim, Kyoung Mu Lee, Byoung Tae Choi, Sang Uk Lee
Venue: Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05) - Volume 2 - Volume 02 (2005)

A method for solving dense stereo matching problem is presented in this paper. First, a new generalized ground control points (GGCPs) scheme is introduced, where one or more disparity candidates for the true disparity of each pixel are assigned by local matching using the oriented spatial filters. By allowing "all" pixels to have multiple candidates for their true disparities, GGCPs not only guarantee to provide a sufficient number of starting pixels needed for guiding the subsequent matching process, but also remarkably reduce the risk of false match, improving the previous GCP-based approaches where the number of the selected control points tends to be inversely proportional to the reliability. Second, by employing a two-pass dynamic programming technique that performs optimization both along and across the scanlines, we solve the typical inter-scanline inconsistency problem. Moreover, combined with the GGCPs, the stability and efficiency of the optimization are improved significantly. Experimental results for the standard data sets show that the proposed algorithm achieves comparable results to the state-of-the-arts with much less computational cost.
Guidelines for developing trust in health websites
Authors: E. Sillence, P. Briggs, L. Fishwick, P. Harris
Venue: Special interest tracks and posters of the 14th international conference on World Wide Web (2005)

How do people decide which health websites to trust and which to reject? Thirteen participants all diagnosed with hypertension were invited to search for information and advice relating to hypertension. Participants took part in a four-week study engaging in both free and directed web searches. A content analysis of the group discussions revealed support for a staged model of trust in which mistrust or rejection of websites is based on design factors and trust or selection of websites is based on content factors such as source credibility and personalization. A number of guidelines for developing trust in health websites are proposed.
Making green goop from polygon soup
Authors: James F. O'Brien
Venue: Proceedings of the 2005 ACM symposium on Solid and physical modeling (2005)

Applications ranging from commercial entertainment to surgical training demand efficient methods for realistically modeling the appearance of physical phenomena in synthetic environments. In this talk, I will describe methods we have developed for simulating the behavior of a wide class of materials known as viscoelastic fluids and elastoplastic solids. These materials span a huge range of material properties including examples such as mucus, liquid soap, pudding, toothpaste, clay, wax, plastic, and steel. They exhibit a combination of both fluid and solid characteristics. Like a solid they can resist strain elastically, but under large or sustained strains they flow like a fluid. I'll talk about methods for modeling materials both at the predominantly fluid-like and predominantly solid-like ends of the spectrum.I will also briefly describe other simulation techniques for modeling phenomena such as explosions, fracture, real-time deformation, and even sound. One issue that arises recurrently is that all of these simulation techniques require clean geometric descriptions of the objects and environments they model. Unfortunately, most modeling techniques do not produce such clean descriptions. Even when clean models are available they often contain inappropriate amounts of detail. To address these issues I will show how highly detailed implicit surfaces can be built from defective input models using moving-least-squares interpolation techniques.
A method for rating English texts by reading level for Japanese learners of English
Authors: Ryo Nagata, Tatsuya Iguchi, Fumito Masui, Atsuo Kawai
Venue: Systems and Computers in Japan (2005)

It has been recognized that existing methods for rating English texts by reading level are mostly aimed at native speakers of English and therefore are not completely appropriate for Japanese learners of the language. Here we propose a method for rating English texts by reading level specifically targeted at Japanese learners of the language. To rate the reading level of a text for a Japanese learner of English, our method takes two types of information regarding a given text into account, namely, vocabulary and grammatical structure. Specifically, we rate the reading level of a text by using a vocabulary list and parser to extract particularly difficult vocabulary items or grammatical structures as features. To rate a text's reading level, two types of model are used: multiple regression and neural networks. Our experiments show that the proposed methods rate the reading level of a text with the following levels of accuracy: an average of 75&percnt; accuracy for multiple regression and 81.3&percnt; when using neural networks. These constitute improvements on existing methods. &copy; 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 36(6): 1&ndash;13, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (). DOI 10.1002&sol;scj.20326
McDonnell Douglas Electronic Systems company: description of the TEXUS system as used for MUC-4
Authors: Amnon Meyers, David de Hilster
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th conference on Message understanding (1992)

Unlike most natural language processing (NLP) systems, TEXUS (Text Understanding System) is being developed as a domain-independent shell, to facilitate the application of language analysis to a variety of tasks and domains of discourse. Our work not only develops robust and generic language analysis capabilities, but also elaborates knowledge representations, knowledge engineering methods, and convenient interfaces for knowledge acquisition.
Data compression with spherical wavelets and wavelets for the image-based relighting
Authors: Ze Wang, Chi-Sing Leung, Yi-Sheng Zhu, Tien-Tsin Wong
Venue: Computer Vision and Image Understanding (2004)

Image based relighting (IBL) solves the illumination control problem in the image-based modelling and rendering. However, it trades a drastic increase of storage requirement caused by the tremendous reference images pre-captured under various illumination conditions. In this paper, we propose a spherical wavelet transform and wavelet transform (SWT-WLT) based approach to compress the huge IBL dataset. Two major steps are involved. First, the spherical wavelet transform (SWT) is used to reduce the correlation between different reference images. Second, wavelet transform (WLT) is applied to compress those SW transformed images (SWT images). Due to the locality of SWT and WLT, the proposed method inherits an advantage of low memory requirement, hence, it is suitable for compressing arbitrarily large dataset. Using its integer format implementation this method can be further sped up with the help of bit shift operation. Simulations are given to evaluate its good features.
Imprints of place: creative expressions of the museum experience
Authors: Kirsten Boehner, Jennifer Thom-Santelli, Angela Zoss, Geri Gay, Justin S. Hall, Tucker Barrett
Venue: CHI '05 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing systems (2005)

Personalization and social awareness, important aspects in the definition of a place, are traditionally overlooked in the design of technology for museums. We describe Imprints, a system to enhance the role of visitor participation beyond information receiver to active creator of sense of place. Overall response to the Imprints system is explored through interviews and log analysis of use. Despite some usability issues, response to the system was positive, and it was appropriated for both personalization and awareness of others. The results suggest an opportunity to introduce technology that plays with the dynamic between private expression and public presence in the traditional environment of the art museum.
A Conversation with Pat Selinger
Authors: James Hamilton
Venue: Queue (2005)

Leading the way to manage the world's information Take Pat Selinger of IBM and James Hamilton of Microsoft and put them in a conversation together, and you may hear everything you wanted to know about database technology and weren't afraid to ask. Selinger, IBM Fellow and vice president of area strategy, information, and interaction for IBM Research, drives the strategy for IBM's research work spanning the range from classic database systems through text, speech, and multimodal interactions. Since graduating from Harvard with a Ph.D. in applied mathematics, she has spent almost 30 years at IBM, hopscotching between research and development of IBM's database products.
Self-stabilizing multi-token rings
Authors: Mitchell Flatebo, Ajoy Kumar Datta, Anneke A. Schoone
Venue: Distributed Computing (1995)

A distributed system consists of a set of loosely connected machines that do not share a global memory. The system is self-stabilizing if it can be started in any global state and achieves consistency all by itself. This also means that the system can deal with infrequent errors. This paper presents self-stabilizing multi-token rings. A multitoken ring is a generalization of a (one-)token ring. The algorithms presented are generalizations of a self-stabilizing mutual exclusion algorithm by Dijkstra [5] which can also be viewed as a token ring. We develop the algorithms in a stepwise manner, to show how and why we arrived at the final multi-token rings. The final parameterized algorithm represents a set of algorithms, one for each choice of the parameter. This enables one to select the algorithm with an optimal trade-off in desired flexibility versus memory requirements and stabilization time.