ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Super-connected arc-transitive digraphs
Authors: Jixiang Meng, Zhao Zhang
Venue: Discrete Applied Mathematics (2009)

A digraph is said to be super-connected if every minimum vertex cut is the out-neighbor set or in-neighbor set of a vertex. A digraph is said to be reducible, if there are two vertices with the same out-neighbor set or the same in-neighbor set. In this paper, we prove that a strongly connected arc-transitive oriented graph is either reducible or super-connected. Furthermore, if this digraph is also an Abelian Cayley digraph, then it is super-connected.
An expert system to predict protein thermostability using decision tree
Authors: Li-Cheng Wu, Jian-Xin Lee, Hsien-Da Huang, Baw-Juine Liu, Jorng-Tzong Horng
Venue: Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal (2009)

Protein thermostability information is closely linked to commercial production of many biomaterials. Recent developments have shown that amino acid composition, special sequence patterns and hydrogen bonds, disulfide bonds, salt bridges and so on are of considerable importance to thermostability. In this study, we present a system to integrate these various factors that predict protein thermostability. In this study, the features of proteins in the PGTdb are analyzed. We consider both structure and sequence features and correlation coefficients are incorporated into the feature selection algorithm. Machine learning algorithms are then used to develop identification systems and performances between the different algorithms are compared. In this research, two features, (E+F+M+R)/residue and charged/non-charged, are found to be critical to the thermostability of proteins. Although the sequence and structural models achieve a higher accuracy, sequence-only models provides sufficient accuracy for sequence-only thermostability prediction.
Letters: Palmprint recognition using Gabor-based local invariant features
Authors: Xin Pan, Qiu-Qi Ruan
Venue: Neurocomputing (2009)

Variations occurred on palmprint images degrade the performance of recognition. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to extract local invariant features using Gabor function, to handle the variations of rotation, translation and illumination, raised by the capturing device and the palm structure. The local invariant features can be obtained by dividing a Gabor filtered image into two-layered partitions and then calculating the differences of variance between each lower-layer sub-block and its resided upper-layer block (called local relative variance). The extracted features only reflect relations between local sub-blocks and its resided upper-layer block, so that the global disturbance occurred on palmprint images is counteracted. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by the experimental results.
Questions in, knowledge in?: a study of naver's question answering community
Authors: Kevin Kyung Nam, Mark S. Ackerman, Lada A. Adamic
Venue: Proceedings of the 27th international conference on Human factors in computing systems (2009)

Large general-purposed community question-answering sites are becoming popular as a new venue for generating knowledge and helping users in their information needs. In this paper we analyze the characteristics of knowledge generation and user participation behavior in the largest question-answering online community in South Korea, Naver Knowledge-iN. We collected and analyzed over 2.6 million question/answer pairs from fifteen categories between 2002 and 2007, and have interviewed twenty six users to gain insights into their motivations,roles, usage and expertise. We find altruism, learning, and competency are frequent motivations for top answerers to participate, but that participation is often highly intermittent. Using a simple measure of user performance, we find that higher levels of participation correlate with better performance. We also observe that users are motivated in part through a point system to build a comprehensive knowledge database. These and other insights have significant implications for future knowledge generating online communities.
Barking Up The Wrong Treelength: The Impact of Gap Penalty on Alignment and Tree Accuracy
Authors: Kevin Liu, Serita Nelesen, Sindhu Raghavan, C. Randal Linder, Tandy Warnow
Venue: IEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics (TCBB) (2009)

Several methods have been developed for simultaneous estimation of alignment and tree, of which POY is the most popular. In a 2007 paper published in Systematic Biology, Ogden and Rosenberg reported on a simulation study in which they compared POY to estimating the alignment using ClustalW and then analyzing the resultant alignment using maximum parsimony. They found that ClustalW+MP outperformed POY with respect to alignment and phylogenetic tree accuracy, and they concluded that simultaneous estimation techniques are not competitive with two-phase techniques. Our paper presents a simulation study in which we focus on the NP-hard optimization problem that POY addresses: minimizing treelength. Our study considers the impact of the gap penalty and suggests that the poor performance observed for POY by Ogden and Rosenberg is due to the simple gap penalties they used to score alignment/tree pairs. Our study suggests that optimizing under an affine gap penalty might produce alignments that are better than ClustalW alignments, and competitive with those produced by the best current alignment methods. We also show that optimizing under this affine gap penalty produces trees whose topological accuracy is better than ClustalW+MP, and competitive with the current best two-phase methods.
Comparison of three one-question, post-task usability questionnaires
Authors: Jeff Sauro, Joseph S. Dumas
Venue: Proceedings of the 27th international conference on Human factors in computing systems (2009)

Post-task ratings of difficulty in a usability test have the potential to provide diagnostic information and be an additional measure of user satisfaction. But the ratings need to be reliable as well as easy to use for both respondents and researchers. Three one-question rating types were compared in a study with 26 participants who attempted the same five tasks with two software applications. The types were a Likert scale, a Usability Magnitude Estimation (UME) judgment, and a Subjective Mental Effort Question (SMEQ). All three types could distinguish between the applications with 26 participants, but the Likert and SMEQ types were more sensitive with small sample sizes. Both the Likert and SMEQ types were easy to learn and quick to execute. The online version of the SMEQ question was highly correlated with other measures and had equal sensitivity to the Likert question type.
Experience in the broadening of a single-purpose simulation model
Authors: Reid Kress, Pete Bereolos, Karen Bills, James Clinton, Jack Dixon, Phil Dunn, Julie Moore, Rob Wilson
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Winter Simulation (2008)

Simulation models are often developed for a single purpose. However, once a model is accepted by management and other stake-holders, it is quite common and desirable to wish to broaden the application of the model to several areas. This is not always a straight-forward evolution because a model designed to evaluate one performance measure may not be well-suited for others. This paper summarizes the experience of the Y-12 National Security Complex's simulation modeling group in broadening its equipment-scoping simulation model into a model that could examine plant mass balance, model internal products including complex feedback loops, include chemical sampling and analysis, evaluate in-process storage, and perform basic scheduling analyses. Results of the effort were successful and the paper concludes that single-purpose-model broadening can be achieved with the correct mix of planning and execution.
Coloring Artemis graphs
Authors: Benjamin Lévêque, Frédéric Maffray, Bruce Reed, Nicolas Trotignon
Venue: Theoretical Computer Science (2009)

We consider the class of graphs that contain no odd hole, no antihole, and no ''prism'' (a graph consisting of two disjoint triangles with three disjoint paths between them). We give an algorithm that can optimally color the vertices of these graphs in time O(n^2m).
Specification and Verification of Invariants by Exploiting Layers in OO Designs
Authors: Ronald Middelkoop, Cornelis Huizing, Ruurd Kuiper, Erik J. Luit
Venue: Fundamenta Informaticae (2008)

The layering that is present in many OO designs is not accounted for in current interpretations of invariants. We propose to make layers explicit in specifications and introduce a new interpretation of invariants that exploits these layers. Furthermore, we present a sound, modular technique to statically verify that programs satisfy the new interpretation.
Scheduling of Adaptive Multimedia Documents
Authors: Stefan Wirag
Venue: Proceedings of the 1999 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems - Volume 02 (1999)

Since multimedia documents may comprise continuous media, such as audio and video, the presentation of those documents may require a significant amount of processing and network resources. Depending on the system configuration and the current system load, it can happen that there are not enough resources to render a multimedia document according to the specification, resulting in a reduced presentation quality. To cope with those situations, documents can be specified flexible so that they can be adapted to different system configurations and load conditions. In this paper, we present an adaptive scheduling algorithm which allows to adapt documents conform to our document model Tiempo in environments with best-effort assignment of resources.
Variable Block Size Motion Vector Retrieval Schemes for H.264 Inter Frame Error Concealment
Authors: Lei Wang, Jun Wang, Satoshi Goto, Takeshi Ikenaga
Venue: IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences (2008)

With the ubiquitous application of Internet and wireless networks, H.264 video communication becomes more and more common. However, due to the high-efficiently predictive coding and the variable length entropy coding, it is more sensitive to transmission errors. The current error concealment (EC) scheme, which utilizes the spatial and temporal correlations to conceal the corrupted region, produces unsatisfied boundary artifacts. In this paper, first we propose variable block size error concealment (VBSEC) scheme inspired by variable block size motion estimation (VBSME) in H.264. This scheme provides four EC modes and four sub-block partitions. The whole corrupted macro-block (MB) will be divided into variable block size adaptively according to the actual motion. More precise motion vectors (MV) will be predicted for each sub-block. Then MV refinement (MVR) scheme is proposed to refine the MV of the heterogeneous sub-block by utilizing three step search (TSS) algorithm adaptively. Both VBSEC and MVR are based on our directional spatio-temporal boundary matching algorithm (DSTBMA). By utilizing these schemes, we can reconstruct the corrupted MB in the inter frame more accurately. The experimental results show that our proposed scheme can obtain better objective and subjective EC quality, respectively compared with the boundary matching algorithm (BMA) adopted in the JM11.0 reference software, spatio-temporal boundary matching algorithm (STBMA) and other comparable EC methods.
The Performance Of The 3G Long-Term Evolution Adoption Peer-to-Peer Network Mode
Authors: Ran Wan, Xian Zhong Xie
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Advanced Computer Control (2009)

For the demand of people to networks performance increaseing, LTE is be chose for the way to execute the problem about the Broad Band evolution due to the advantage about itself. We find that adoption the Peer-to-Peer networks model can augment the data transfer, reduce the transmission power, expand the capability of the networks and account for the problem of the load balance. In this paper, we discuss that adoption the Peer-to-Peer networks model improve the performance of the LTE, emphasis is the influence about throughput, delay, power, spatial reuse and so on. We present simulation results showing that the performance benefits of using the Peer-to-Peer networks model in the LTE.
Equivalences in Answer-Set Programming by Countermodels in the Logic of Here-and-There
Authors: Michael Fink
Venue: Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Logic Programming (2008)

In Answer-Set Programming different notions of equivalence, such as the prominent notions of strong and uniform equivalence, have been studied and characterized by various selections of models in the logic of Here-and-There (HT). For uniform equivalence however, correct characterizations in terms of HT-models can only be obtained for finite theories, respectively programs. In this paper, we show that a selection of countermodels in HT captures uniform equivalence also for infinite theories. This result is turned into coherent characterizations of the different notions of equivalence by countermodels, as well as by a mixture of HT-models and countermodels (so-called equivalence interpretations), which are lifted to first-order theories under a very general semantics given in terms of a quantified version of HT. We show that countermodels exhibit expedient properties like a simplified treatment of extended signatures, and provide further results for non-ground logic programs. In particular, uniform equivalence coincides under open and ordinary answer-set semantics, and for finite non-ground programs under these semantics, also the usual characterization of uniform equivalence in terms of maximal and total HT-models of the grounding is correct, even for infinite domains, when corresponding ground programs are infinite.
Elastic beam finite element with an arbitrary number of transverse cracks
Authors: Matja Skrinar
Venue: Finite Elements in Analysis and Design (2009)

This paper formulates the finite element of a beam with an arbitrary number of transverse cracks. The derivations are based on a simplified computational model, where each crack is replaced by a corresponding linear rotational spring, connecting two adjacent elastic parts. The stiffness and geometrical stiffness matrices thus take into account the effect of flexural bending deformation caused by the presence of the cracks. The expressions for calculating the coefficients of stiffness and geometrical stiffness matrices, as well as the load vector of the element, are presented in closed forms. Since the corresponding interpolation functions were implemented in the derivations, transverse displacements within the finite element can also be obtained. Due to the fact that the number of parameters describing the cracked beam's structure is thus reduced to its minimum, it can be expected that this element could be efficiently implemented, not only in static and stability analysis, but also in inverse identification of cracks in beam-like structures.
Application study of virtual reality in real estate industry
Authors: Wang Kun, Hu Zong
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd WSEAS international conference on Computer engineering and applications (2009)

Virtual reality includes all natural simulation and realistic experience technology and methods. Its main target is to realize the real-life experience and human-computer interaction based on nature, and system which can achieve such a goal totally or partly is known as virtual reality system. This paper discusses the application of virtual reality technology in real estate industry, and researches the way to achieve this technology both from hardware system and software system.
Quantum well model of a conjugated polymer heterostructure solar cell
Authors: J. Valenzuela, S. Mil'shtein
Venue: Microelectronics Journal (2009)

In current study we analyzed the performance of a conjugated polymer heterostructured solar cell using quantum well representation for 100A thin polymer layers. The electrical field across the polymer layer is extremely strong to dissociate all excitons generated by sunlight. The behavior of free electrons appearing as a result of exciton dissociation was analyzed using wavefunctions and set of available energy levels. We came to the conclusion that small but finite probability exists to collect free electrons by the anode of the solar cell. The analyzed device was comprised of layers of bulk heterojunctions, namely, 100nm layers of poly[2-methoxy-5-(3',7'-dimethyloctyloxy)-1-4-phenylene vinylene]:phenyl C61-butyric acid methylester MDMO-PPV:PCBM (1:4), (poly-3-hexylthiophene): phenyl C61-butyric acid methylester P3HT:PCBM (1:1) and poly[2,6-(4,4-bis-(2-ethylhexyl)-4H-cyclopen[2,1-b;3,4-b']dithiophene)- alt-4,7-(2,1,3-benzothiadiazole)] PCPDTBT:PCBM (1:3). Set of these layers are designed to be connected using transparent cathodes of lithium fluoride/aluminium/gold LiF/Al/Au, which are compatible with PCBM LUMO.
Automatic metadata generation by utilising pre-existing metadata of related resources
Authors: Merkourios Margaritopoulos, Thomas Margaritopoulos, Isabella Kotini, Athanasios Manitsaris
Venue: International Journal of Metadata, Semantics and Ontologies (2008)

Manual indexing of digital resources according to metadata standards is a laborious task. Methods and methodologies for automatically producing several parts of a resource's metadata provide valuable assistance to indexers and cataloguers by reducing the burden of their manual work. A methodology, which aims at identifying inference rules for the automatic generation of a resource's metadata, based on pre-existing metadata of its related resources, is introduced in this paper. Furthermore, the application of the methodology to the IEEE LOM standard and an experimental example on a working database of metadata, with a tool developed for this purpose, are demonstrated.
Implementation of Multi-Agent Object Attention System Based on Biologically Inspired Attractor Selection
Authors: Ryoji Hashimoto, Tomoya Matsumura, Yoshihiro Nozato, Kenji Watanabe, Takao Onoye
Venue: IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences (2008)

A multi-agent object attention system is proposed, which is based on biologically inspired attractor selection model. Object attention is facilitated by using a video sequence and a depth map obtained through a compound-eye image sensor TOMBO. Robustness of the multi-agent system over environmental changes is enhanced by utilizing the biological model of adaptive response by attractor selection. To implement the proposed system, an efficient VLSI architecture is employed with reducing enormous computational costs and memory accesses required for depth map processing and multi-agent attractor selection process. According to the FPGA implementation result of the proposed object attention system, which is accomplished by using 7,063 slices, 640×512 pixel input images can be processed in real-time with three agents at a rate of 9 fps in 48 MHz operation.
Enhancing bug hunting using high-level symbolic simulation
Authors: Hong-Zu Chou, I-Hui Lin, Ching-Sung Yang, Kai-Hui Chang, Sy-Yen Kuo
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th ACM Great Lakes symposium on VLSI (2009)

The miniaturization of transistors in recent technology nodes requires tremendous back-end tuning and optimizations, making bug fixing at later design stages more expensive. Therefore, it is imperative to find design bugs as early as possible. The first defense against bugs is block-level testing performed by designers, and constrained-random simulation is the prevalent method. However, this method may miss corner-case scenarios. In this paper we propose an innovative methodology that reuses existing constrained-random testbenches for formal bug hunting. To support the methodology, we present several techniques to enhance RTL symbolic simulation, and integrate state-of-the-art word-level and Boolean-level verification techniques into a common framework called BugHunter. From case studies DLX, Alpha and FIR, BugHunter found more bugs than constrained-random simulation using fewer cycles, including four new bugs in the verified design previously unknown to the designer. The results demonstrate that the proposed techniques provide a flexible, scalable and robust solution for bug hunting.
Learning environment for self-directed learning, collaboration and social networking
Authors: Tomaž Klobučar
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th WSEAS international conference on Distance learning and web engineering (2008)

In the paper we describe a learning environment for self-directed learning, collaboration and social networking composed of loosely coupled web 2.0-based educational tools. The set of tools includes blogs, wikis, social bookmarking tools, tools for synchronous and asynchronous communication, tools for federated search, tools for management of learning contracts, etc. Findings of validation of such environment in teaching process in the context of higher education are also presented. The presented work has been performed within the iCamp project (www.icamp.eu) from the 6th Framework Programme of EU.
Education and ICT-based self-regulation in learning: Theory, design and implementation
Authors: Ton Mooij
Venue: Education and Information Technologies (2009)

Pupils attaining relatively low or high standards compared with most other pupils may come to experience motivation and achievement problems leading to final dropout from education. To overcome these problems, a systemic educational approach is presented. Cognitive, social, motivational and self-regulative aspects of learning tasks and learning processes are related to instructional and wider educational contexts. The result is a `contextual learning theory' which specifies three sets of educational conditions to improve learning: (1) differentiation of learning materials and procedures; (2) integration and support by Information and Communication Technology; and (3) strategies to improve development and learning. Information is provided about characteristics and development of pedagogical-didactic and software prototypes. The prototypes are tried out in practice in Dutch pre-school and primary and secondary education. First implementation results are discussed.
iPod & iTunes For Dummies, DVD + Book Bundle, 6th edition
Authors: Tony Bove
Venue:  (2008)

Learn about the different iPod models and get started with your iPod with for Dummies. In a straightforward and fun way, you'll find out how to set up iTunes and your iPod, shop at the iTunes store, bring content into and play content in iTunes, share content from your iTunes library, manage photos and videos, synchronize other devices with iTunes, burn CDs from iTunes, play iPod content, get wired for playback, fine-tune the sound, choose an encoding format, go mobile, use your iPod as a hard drive, synchronize personal information with your iPod, update and troubleshoot your iPod, maintain battery life, and more.The DVD rovides step-by-step instructions for: Setting Up Your iPod, Getting to Know the Controls, Locating Your Content on Your iPod, Playing Music on Your iPod, Adjusting and Limiting the Volume, Charging and Maintaining Your Battery, Getting to Know iTunes, Playing Your iPod through iTunes, Importing Music into iTunes, Ripping Music from a CD in iTunes, Burning Music to a CD in iTunes, Installing Software Upgrades, Setting Up an Account at the iTunes Store, Buying and Downloading Content from iTunes, Searching for and Sorting Content in iTunes, Retrieving Song Information Online, Editing Content Information in iTunes, Creating Playlists, Cross-Fading Playback on Your iPod, Synchronizing Your iPod with iTunes, and Backing Up Your Music.