ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Deep Sub-100 nm Design Challenges
Authors: Tohru Furuyama
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th EUROMICRO Conference on Digital System Design (2006)

This paper will describe the problems in the design and development of deep sub-100 nm system LSI's and/or SoC's from different aspects. One of the most difficult problems is the large power consumption, in both active and stand-by modes. Another problem is how to improve the efficiency in the development of large scale chips and related softwares. Lithography, that has been getting harder and harder, is also an issue. It directly impacts the chip fabrication yield. Several approaches to counteract these problems mentioned above will be discussed; various low power technologies from device, circuit to architecture view points, high-level language based design flow and platform based IP reuse, and DFM (Design for Manufacturing) related technologies.
Representative melodies retrieval using digital signal processing of audio
Authors: Myoung-Bum Chung, Il-Ju Ko
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 International Conference on Hybrid Information Technology - Volume 02 (2006)

Extracting a melody to have representativeness of music so that contents-based music information retrieval system lets recently reduce response time about a search of a user, and be indexes do, and used this to a search. A way the existing study used MIDI data, and was proposed to extract a representative melody. However, there is a disadvantage limited to MIDI data. Therefore these papers propose the representative melody search way how application is possible to all audios file format as using a digital signal process technique of audio data. A representative melody is a section each audio data showing characteristics most conspicuous. This is the section where appeal is largest to persons listening to audio data and we was able to find from pieces having the maximum during wave forms of total data. Have got a node of audio data and tempos, and measure the frequency that high value (value more than 90% of a wave form highest of data) appears of a wave form from each nodes from node information got for representative melody searches. At this time a 8 node interval is representative melody scope of audio data from the scopes where high values was gathering most around of wave forms. Selected 1000 pieces of guns, and by 250 pieces by genres represented audio data of four kinds of Ballad, Dance, Hip-hop, Rock by experiment to verify effectiveness of a proposal way, and extracted a melody, and therefore showed Ballad 79.6%, Dance 83%, Hip-hop 89%, precision of Rock 62.8%.
Computer Aided Indexing of Historical Manuscripts
Authors: S. A. Shahab, Wasfi G. Al-Khatib, Sabri A. Mahmoud
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualisation (2006)

Arabic manuscripts represent a rich source of knowledge that has been highly underutilized. Huge repositories of historical artifacts are yet to be typeset and published in book-form. Given vast content of these manuscripts, it is important to develop indexing systems that support contentbased retrieval from historical manuscripts. In this paper, we propose a computer aided retrieval and indexing system for Arabic historical manuscripts. The proposed system extracts meaningful information (features) that is used in indexing. Some preprocessing steps are also implemented in order to enhance the quality of document images. More than one form of a similarity measure has been tested. The developed prototype system has shown encouraging results with respect to the word matching rates achieved.
A Graph-Based Framework for Composition of Stateless Web Services
Authors: Seyyed Vahid Hashemian, Farhad Mavaddat
Venue: Proceedings of the European Conference on Web Services (2006)

During the past few years, web services composition has been one of the ongoing research activities in the software engineering area. It is simply defined as finding a composition of available web services that provides a requested behavior. In this paper, we study this problem for stateless web services; i.e. web services with a two-step workflow: receiving some inputs and returning some outputs as the result. Using a graph model we represent the behavior of available web services in terms of their input-output information, as well as semantic information about the web data. We also introduce a process algebra to specify the behavior of composite web services based on the behavior of simpler ones. Using the graph and the process algebra, we explain how to find useful web services for a request and how to compose them to obtain the expected behavior. We discuss the complexity of this approach and show that although it is a naturally complex process, by applying some simplifications, a reasonable overall complexity can be achieved.
Models of the Posterior Parietal Cortex Which Perform Multimodal Integration and Represent Space in Several Coordinate Frames
Authors: Jing Xing, Richard A. Andersen
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2000)

Many neurons in the posterior-parietal cortex (PPC) have saccadic responses to visual and auditory targets. The responses are modulated by eye position and head position. These findings suggest that PPC integrates multisensory inputs and may provide information about saccadic targets represented in different coordinate frames. In addition to an eyecentered output representation, PPC may also project to brain areas which contain head-centered and body-centered representations of the space. In this report, possible coordinate transformations in PPC were examined by comparing several sets of models of PPC, each having different representations in the output layer: (i) an eye-centered map only; (ii) a head-centered map only; (iii) an eye-centered map and a head-centered map; and (iv) an eye-centered map, a head-centered map, and a body-centered map. These output maps correctly encoded saccades to visual and auditory targets through training. The units in the hidden layers of the models exhibited the following properties: (1) The units had gain fields (GFs) for eye position, and also for head position if the model had a body-centered output representation; (2) As the result of the GF and the nonlinear activation function of the units, the hidden layers often employed "intermediate" coding, e.g., the hidden units coded targets partially in eye-centered coordinates and, partially, in head-centered coordinates; (3) Different types of coordinate transformations in these models were carried out by different relationships between the receptive fields (RFs) and the GFs of the hidden units; and (4) The properties of PPC neurons are in better accordance with the hidden units of the models that had multiple-output representations than the models that had only one single-output representation. In conclusion, the results show that the GF is an effective mechanism for performing coordinate transformations. The models also suggest that neurons with intermediate coding are to be expected in the process of coordinate transformations.
Image Processing by Using a Novel Neural Network Simulator
Authors: Daniela Durackova, Peter Grega
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Hybrid Intelligent Systems (2006)

There are many cases, where the image processing is performed using cellular neural networks. First, for good pattern recognition, the design of the suitable network model is very important. Thus, our goal in this work was to develop the simulator for the universal cellular neural network design and on the base of this design to create the suitable neural network for the image processing. On the base of this network we have also designed some base circuits, which will be used for the future implementation of the neuron/network on the chip. The idea is to use it for a more complex chip, used as the silicon retina in the future.
A Client Peer Adjustment Policy for Peer-to-Peer Media Streaming
Authors: Gang Chen, Guo-xin Wu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 International Conference on Hybrid Information Technology - Volume 01 (2006)

Previous work indicates that more cooperation is needed between peers for peer-to-peer (P2P) media streaming application than files sharing. That implies it is important to select cooperators in P2P networks. However, most of peer selection algorithms are performed at requesting ones and focus on how to choose servers from which clients can benefit more while ignoring whether the scalability and service capacity of systems will be influenced by these results. In this paper, we pay more attention to heterogeneous network capacity of peers and propose a policy fulfilled by server peers to select and adjust clients according to their service capacity and contribution. Peers with higher service capacity may replace existing children. And experiments proved that our policy could improve system's overall utilization and contribution, as well as the depth of multicast tree when compared with delay-based algorithm.
Not all Delay Tests Are the Same - SDQL Model Shows True-Time
Authors: Anis Uzzaman, Mick Tegethoff, Bibo Li, Kevin Mc Cauley, Shuji Hamada, Yasuo Sato
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th Asian Test Symposium (2006)

Assessing the effectiveness of transition fault testing by the test coverage is misleading and can result on lower product quality. In reality, the actual timing of the test for each fault determines if a delay defect of a given size is detected or not. Transition tests that use actual circuit timings to create tests with the tightest possible timing detect more defects and have higher test effectiveness for a given test coverage. This paper validates this assertion using a Statistical Delay Quality Model (SDQM) model to estimate the Statistical Delay Quality Level (SDQL) of several chips. The comparison includes transition tests generated with and without actual circuit timing as a function of the actual timing of the tests for each fault.
Exploring the Cognitive Apprenticeship Approach for Teaching Introductory Software Engineering
Authors: Shen-Tzay Huang, Yi-Pei Cho, Yu-Jen Lin
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th Conference on Software Engineering Education and Training Workshops (2006)

Cognitive apprenticeship is meshed with teaching the introductory software engineering. We sketch the idea and an exploratory experiment in a team-based process-oriented software project track in the fall of 2005. Several preliminary results are exciting while detailed examination should also be further pursued.
Scaling and Better Approximating Quantum Fourier Transform by Higher Radices
Authors: Zeljko Zilic, Katarzyna Radecka
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (2007)

Quantum Fourier Transform (QFT) plays a principal role in the development of efficient quantum algorithms. Since the number of quantum bits that can currently be built is limited, while many quantum technologies are inherently three (or more) valued, we consider extending the reach of the realistic quantum systems by building a QFT over ternary quantum digits. Compared to traditional binary QFT, the q{\hbox{-}}\rm valued transform improves approximation properties and increases the state space by a factor of (q/2)^{n}. Further, we use nonbinary QFT derivation to generalize and improve the approximation bounds for QFT.
A Hybrid Approach for Fault Diagnosis based on Multilevel Flow Models and Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Yang Ming, Li Jianfei, Peng Minjun, Yan Shengyuan, Zhang Zhijian
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Inteligence for Modelling Control and Automation and International Conference on Intelligent Agents Web Technologies and International Commerce (2006)

Proper and rapid identification of malfunctions is of premier importance for the safe operation of Nuclear Power Plants (NPP). Many monitoring or/and diagnosis methodologies based on artificial and computational intelligence have been proposed to aid operator to understand system problems, perform trouble-shooting action and reduce human error under serious pressure. However, because no single method is adequate to handle all requirements for diagnosis system, hybrid approaches where different methods work in conjunction to solve parts of the problem interest researchers greatly. In this study, Multilevel Flow Models (MFM) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) are proposed and employed to develop a fault diagnosis system, with the intention of improving the successful rate of identification on the one hand, and improving the understandability of diagnostic process and results on the other hand. Several simulation cases were conducted from a newly developed full-scale NPP simulator for evaluating the performance of the proposed hybrid approach. This paper will introduce the proposed hybrid approach, simulation experiment and its results.
The Next Step in Volume Scan Diagnosis: Standard Fail Data Format
Authors: Andreas Leininger, Ajay Khoche, Martin Fischer, Nagesh Tamarapalli, Wu-Tung Cheng, Randy Klingenberg, Wu Yang
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th Asian Test Symposium (2006)

The need for faster and more reliable yield ramp-up when introducing new CMOS technologies is driving the effort to acquire and analyze valuable information from production test, for the process of identification of yield detractors. This paper addresses a key step in the phase of "industrialization" of these processes: standardization. The objective of standardization is to enable a seamless flow for production integrated scan diagnosis in a multi-tool, multi-vendor environment. To make analysis of chips failing the production test more efficient, a process flow and a file format to store the failing response of the chips is proposed. This will enable a smooth exchange of production test data from ATE to diagnosis, failure analysis, design and process.
Location tracking for media appliances in wireless home networks
Authors: I. Ramani, R. Bharadwaja, P. V. Rangan
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 International Conference on Multimedia and Expo - Volume 1 (2003)

We present a location detection system for tracking multimedia appliances and users within a wireless local area network (WLAN) enabled home environment. Multimedia appliances communicate with a central gateway via low cost network interface devices called buddies. The gateway can locate the users and appliances within the accuracy of a room and use the location information to automatically redirect media streams to user's presence. We call this paradigm as a media cloud. This paper presents the scheme for collecting proximity information from the buddies and effective techniques to determine their location. We have implemented the location detection system and present an experimental performance evaluation.
Improvement to Montgomery Modular Inverse Algorithm
Authors: Rui Deng, Yujie Zhou
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (2006)

After a comprehensive study on the Montgomery modular inverse algorithm and its revised versions, two modified high radix algorithms are proposed which utilize higher radix to reduce iterations needed without increasing complexity much, thereby accelerating the process. The radix-4 algorithm can reduce the average number of iterations from 1.4n to 0.82n and a software experiment shows the speedup is about 11 percent and iterations are 41.5 percent less on average. The radix-8 algorithm can reduce the average number of iterations to 0.73n, but it is more complicated, which makes it suitable only for very large numbers (2,048 bits) in the experiment, where the speedup can be 13--18 percent. The proposed algorithms are suitable for software implementations on general-purpose microprocessors.
ASIDE: An Architecture for Supporting Interoperability between Digital Libraries and ELearning Applications
Authors: Polyxeni Arapi, Nektarios Moumoutzis, Stavros Christodoulakis
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (2006)

eLearning applications are immensely more valuable when they can use the wealth of information that exists in multimedia digital libraries. However, digital libraries and their standards developed independently on eLearning applications and their standards. It is crucial to bridge the interoperability gap between digital libraries and eLearning applications in order to enable the construction of eLearning applications that easily exploit digital library contents. We present ASIDE, an integrated architecture that supports interoperability between digital libraries and eLearning applications. The architecture is service oriented and supports multiple contexts and views of the digital objects of a library. These views can be utilized by eLearning applications of the digital library for the automatic construction of personalized learning experiences selecting learning objects from the reusable objects of the digital library.
Agent-Based Autonomous Scheduling Mechanism Using Availability in Desktop Grid Systems
Authors: HongSoo Kim, SeockIn Kim, EunJoung Byun, ChongSun Hwang, JangWon Choi
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Computing (2006)

This paper addresses scheduling strategies to achieve high performance in desktop grid systems. The recent desktop grid systems can be characterized by decentralized control, large scale and extreme dynamism of their computation environment. In the environment of high throughput desktop grid systems, the volatility of volunteers, and the decentralized nature of desktop grid systems pose significant challenges. Our approach makes use of autonomous scheduling mechanisms on a computational overlay network to meet these challenges. However, current approaches to utilizing desktop resources require either centralized servers, or extensive knowledge of the underlying system, limiting scalability and performance. In this paper an Agent-Based Autonomous Scheduling (ABAS) mechanism on a computational overlay network is proposed to further improve performance through adaptive behavior of agents which have replication, migration, and checkpointing scheme. Performance evaluation demonstrates that the proposed scheduling mechanism improves throughput using Korea@Home.
Advances in memory technology
Authors: Changhyun Kim
Venue: Proceedings of the 32nd international conference on Very large data bases (2006)

The continuous growth of the memory market, whose early beginnings in the 70's and 80's were marked by PC and server DRAMs, has experienced a new boost since the beginning of the 21st century due to the emergence of digital consumer & mobile markets such as cellular phone, DSC, and MP3. The join of the nonvolatile and low-power Flash memory has led to a further explosive growth. Ever increasing density and decreasing costs have evoked a tremendous rise in consumer demand.Innovations in memory technology are reflected in the continuous advance in high density, high speed and low power technologies, in the course of which the design rule has shown a transition from micrometer to nanometer scale. Additionally, the development of new materials has given birth to new high-performance nonvolatile memory types (PRAM, RRAM, MRAM, FRAM, etc.), which open even more opportunities for growth of the semiconductor market.The steep increase in technology of today's memories shows itself in the capacity and speed of storing information of everybody's use: a 1cm2 memory chip can store 10Gbit information now, which corresponds to either 80K pages of newspaper, 20 hours of music or 2.5 movie hours. Today's DRAM shows a random access time of 25-50ns and I/O bandwidth of 3-4GHz. Technical innovations will continue to drive the increase of memory density and speed in the future. Higher storage density is expected to be achieved by breakthroughs such as 3D memory stacking technology (cell/chip/package), the use of 3-dimensional transistors or the shrinkage of memory storage nodes to the atomic scale. Memory system performance will possibly be enhanced by the fusion of conventional commodity memories and new memories: several memories like Flash, SRAM, DRAM, new memories will be merged together with logic and software. Thus we expect that semiconductor products will show a larger variety of high performance systems with much higher robustness and persistence.In the 21st century, which has just begun, memory technology will combine with various other fields (IT, BT, NT) and thus open new markets such as massive data & information processing, bio & health care, and humanoid & aerospace. It will contribute to a world with more comfort and stability, where everywhere and anytime people can exchange and share their thoughts, sensations and emotions.
Memoryless polynomial adaptive predistortion [TV transmitters]
Authors: J. T. Stonick, V. L. Stonick, J. M. F. Moura, R. S. Zborowski
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1995. on International Conference - Volume 02 (1995)

In this paper we investigate algorithms to adaptively adjust the coefficients of memoryless polynomial structures used to precompensate for the nonlinear amplitude and phase distortion of the high-power amplifier in a terrestrial digital television transmitter. The results of the investigation are twofold. First the phase error is a non-Euclidean measure of the absolute symbol error. For small inputs, noise causing a small Euclidean change can create a large phase error. We compensate for this heuristically by not updating the predistorter coefficients for small inputs. This thresholding is shown to decrease the residual error of the phase predistorter. Second, the pre-compensation nature of the amplitude correction requires a modification to the traditional LMS algorithm. This modification will be seen to produce a smaller residual error than traditional LMS. We demonstrate the superior performance of our algorithms via simulations based on the measured characteristics of production high-power amplifiers.
Exploring differences between gifted and grade-level students' use of self-regulatory learning processes with hypermedia
Authors: Jeffrey A. Greene, Daniel C. Moos, Roger Azevedo, Fielding I. Winters
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Learning sciences (2006)

Research comparing gifted and grade-level students has shown they display differences in their knowledge of self-regulatory strategies. However, little research exists regarding whether these students differ in their use of these strategies. This study aimed to address this question by examining think-aloud data collected from gifted and grade-level students engaging in a complex learning task while utilizing a hypermedia environment to learn about the circulatory system. We also examined both declarative knowledge and mental model measures of learning to determine whether these groups differed in their actual performance. Our results show that gifted students did outperform grade-level students in all outcome measures. In addition, gifted students more often utilized more sophisticated self-regulatory strategies than grade-level students. Grade-level students were more likely to use less effective strategies that do not promote the encoding of knowledge. Recommendations for future intervention studies are based upon these findings.
Aspect-oriented design in systemC: implementation and applications
Authors: David Déharbe, Sergio Medeiros
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th annual symposium on Integrated circuits and systems design (2006)

New programming languages paradigms have commonly been evaluated and eventually incorporated into hardware description languages. Aspect-oriented programming (AOP) is a new paradigm that provides new modularity constructs on top of object-oriented and structured languages such as Java, C++ and C.This paper presents and assesses possible applications of AOP in the context of integrated system design. More specifically, we apply AOP in applications developed using SystemC to model important system aspects such as metrics measure, communication and cache policy to demonstrate the benefits of this approach. The impact of this new approach in the simulation time of the applications is also discussed in the paper.