ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling (SBIM): Investigating three-dimensional sketching for early conceptual design-Results from expert discussions and user studies
Authors: J. H. Israel, E. Wiese, M. Mateescu, C. Zöllner, R. Stark
Venue: Computers and Graphics (2009)

As immersive 3D user interfaces reach broader acceptance, their use as sketching media is attracting both commercial and academic interests. So far, little is known about user requirements and cognitive aspects of immersive 3D sketching. Also the latter's integration into the workflow of virtual product development is far from being solved. We present results from two focus group expert discussions, a comparative user study on immersive 3D sketching conducted among professional furniture designers and a qualitative content analysis of user statements. The results of the focus group discussions show a strong interest in using the three-dimensional (3D) space as a medium for conceptual design. Users expect it to provide new means for the sketching process, namely spatiality, one-to-one proportions, associations, and formability. Eight groups of functions required for 3D sketching were outlined during the discussions. The comparative study was intended to find and investigate advantages of immersive three-dimensional space and its additional degrees-of-freedom for creative/reflective externalization processes. We compared a 3D and a 2D baseline condition in the same technical environment, a VR-Cave system. In both conditions, no haptic feedback was provided and the 2D condition was not intended to simulate traditional 2D sketching (on paper). The results from our user study show that both the sketching process and the resulting sketches differ in the 2D and 3D condition, namely in terms of the perceived fluency of sketch creation, in terms of the perceived appropriateness for the task, and in terms of the perceived stimulation by the medium, the movement speed, the sketch sizes, the degree of detail, the functional aspects, and the usage time. In order to validate the results of the focus group discussions, we produced a questionnaire to check for the subjectively perceived advantages and disadvantages in both the 2D and 3D conditions. A qualitative content analysis of the user statements revealed that the biggest advantage of 3D sketching lies in the sketching process itself. In particular, the participants emphasized the system's ability to foster inspiration and to improve the recognition of spatiality and spatial thinking. We argue that both 2D and 3D sketching are relevant for early conceptual design. As we progress towards 3D sketching, new tangible interactive tools are needed, which account for the user's perceptual and cognitive abilities.
A Fuzzy Approach to Social Network Analysis
Authors: Matteo Brunelli, Michele Fedrizzi
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Advances in Social Network Analysis and Mining (2009)

Adjacency relations for social network analysis have usually been tackled in their bidimensional form, in the sense that relations are computed over pairs of objects. Nevertheless, this paper considers the bidimensional case as restrictive and it proposes an approach where the dimension of the analysis is not limited to binary relations. With the aid of fuzzy logic and OWA operators, it is showed that the interpretation of m-ary adjacency relations is the same of binary relations and therefore they can consistently be employed in social network analysis and some novel results be derived. Besides justifying the use of m-ary relations, the paper proposes a way to characterize them and, eventually, it will provide the reader with an example section.
Vehicle Stability Control Strategy Based on Active Torque Distribution and Differential Braking
Authors: Siqi Zhang, Tianxia Zhang, Shuwen Zhou
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation - Volume 01 (2009)

The paper presents a vehicle yaw stability control strategy devoted to prevent vehicles from spinning and drifting out. The yaw stability control system is integrated with active torque distribution and differential braking system. Active torque distribution systems utilize active differentials to independently control the drive torque distributed to each drive wheel and thus provide active control of both traction and yaw moment. However, if the coefficient of road friction were small or if the vehicle speed were too high, active torque distribution system may not afford adequate yaw moment to response the driver needs. With this improved integrated control system, the vehicle can afford nice manoeuvrability and stability.
The &#x03bb;-Calculus and the Unity of Structural Proof Theory
Authors: Jos&#x00e9; Esp&#x00ed;rito Santo
Venue: Theory of Computing Systems (2009)

In the context of intuitionistic implicational logic, we achieve a perfect correspondence (technically an isomorphism) between sequent calculus and natural deduction, based on perfect correspondences between left-introduction and elimination, cut and substitution, and cut-elimination and normalisation. This requires an enlarged system of natural deduction that refines von Plato&#x2019;s calculus. It is a calculus with modus ponens and primitive substitution; it is also a &#x201c;coercion calculus&#x201d;, in the sense of Cervesato and Pfenning. Both sequent calculus and natural deduction are presented as typing systems for appropriate extensions of the &#x03bb;-calculus. The whole difference between the two calculi is reduced to the associativity of applicative terms (sequent calculus = right associative, natural deduction = left associative), and in fact the achieved isomorphism may be described as the mere inversion of that associativity. The novel natural deduction system is a &#x201c;multiary&#x201d; calculus, because &#x201c;applicative terms&#x201d; may exhibit a list of several arguments. But the combination of &#x201c;multiarity&#x201d; and left-associativity seems simply wrong, leading necessarily to non-local reduction rules (reason: normalisation, like cut-elimination, acts at the head of applicative terms, but natural deduction focuses at the tail of such terms). A solution is to extend natural deduction even further to a calculus that unifies sequent calculus and natural deduction, based on the unification of cut and substitution. In the unified calculus, a sequent term behaves like in the sequent calculus, whereas the reduction steps of a natural deduction term are interleaved with explicit steps for bringing heads to focus. A variant of the calculus has the symmetric role of improving sequent calculus in dealing with tail-active permutative conversions.
The Consistent Vehicle Routing Problem
Authors: Chris Groër, Bruce Golden, Edward Wasil
Venue: Manufacturing Service Operations Management (2009)

In the small package shipping industry (as in other industries), companies try to differentiate themselves by providing high levels of customer service. This can be accomplished in several ways, including online tracking of packages, ensuring on-time delivery, and offering residential pickups. Some companies want their drivers to develop relationships with customers on a route and have the same drivers visit the same customers at roughly the same time on each day that the customers need service. These service requirements, together with traditional constraints on vehicle capacity and route length, define a variant of the classical capacitated vehicle routing problem, which we call the consistent VRP (ConVRP). In this paper, we formulate the problem as a mixed-integer program and develop an algorithm to solve the ConVRP that is based on the record-to-record travel algorithm. We compare the performance of our algorithm to the optimal mixed-integer program solutions for a set of small problems and then apply our algorithm to five simulated data sets with 1,000 customers and a real-world data set with more than 3,700 customers. We provide a technique for generating ConVRP benchmark problems from vehicle routing problem instances given in the literature and provide our solutions to these instances. The solutions produced by our algorithm on all problems do a very good job of meeting customer service objectives with routes that have a low total travel time. In the paper “The Consistent Vehicle Routing Problem,” published in Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, ePub ahead of print December 4, 2008, http://msom.journal.informs.org/cgi/content/abstract/msom.1080.0243v1, the authors have amended the original text published online to correct an oversight in conveying the real-world problem studied in this article.
Solving scheduling and location problems in the plane simultaneously
Authors: Marcel T. Kalsch, Zvi Drezner
Venue: Computers and Operations Research (2010)

In this paper we concentrate on the simultaneous single machine scheduling-location (ScheLoc) model in the plane. The model combines both the location of the machine and the scheduling of the jobs executed by the machine. Two objectives are analyzed: the makespan and the total completion time. Basic properties of the models are shown and lower bounds on the value of the objective functions are developed. Single machine ScheLoc problems with Euclidean, rectilinear and general @?"q norms are solved very efficiently by the ''big triangle small triangle'' branch-and-bound approach. Randomly generated problems with 10,000 jobs are solved in about 5-10min within a relative accuracy of @e=10^-^5 from the global optimum.
A Four-Factor User Interaction Model for Content-Based Image Retrieval
Authors: Haiming Liu, Victoria Uren, Dawei Song, Stefan Rüger
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Theory of Information Retrieval: Advances in Information Retrieval Theory (2009)

In order to bridge the "Semantic gap", a number of relevance feedback (RF) mechanisms have been applied to content-based image retrieval (CBIR). However current RF techniques in most existing CBIR systems still lack satisfactory user interaction although some work has been done to improve the interaction as well as the search accuracy. In this paper, we propose a four-factor user interaction model and investigate its effects on CBIR by an empirical evaluation. Whilst the model was developed for our research purposes, we believe the model could be adapted to any content-based search system.
The Study on the Leaf Anatomy of Some Mangrove Species of China
Authors: Li Yuanyue, Li Zhongbao, Lin Peng
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Environmental Science and Information Application Technology - Volume 03 (2009)

A anatomical study was made of the leaves of seven mangrove species collected from Fugong Longhai of Fujian (24°54′ N, 117°23′ E). The tissue structure in each case was determined in terms of cell layers present and their relative thickness. Two species showed isobilateral leaf structure and the remaining five species dorsiventral. Leaf thickness was found to vary from 327.83 μm (Avicennia marina) to 666.60 μm (Kandelia candel) and an average of 514.50 μm.Sonneratia. apetala was found to have stomata on both surfaces of the lamina. The average of the stomatal complex dimension was found to be 31.1 μm by 17.9 μm. The average number of stomata per given area, and the average leaf area for each species were also determined. The ecophysiological significance of the present data like leaf area, the relative leaf thickness, and other anatomical characters is discussed with reference to the published literature.
The Application of Fuzzy C-Means Clustering in Macro-Economic Forecast
Authors: Li Xiang Jun, Wu You Xin, Qiu Ji Guang, Wan Li Hui
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Second International Symposium on Electronic Commerce and Security - Volume 01 (2009)

Based on the actual needs of project, this paper introduces a solution of cluster centers and attached matrix into application of Fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm in macro-economic forecast. We present the specific implementation of this algorithm, as well as the major steps of data mining. And in the end, an example is given to prove the solution’s effectiveness in macro-economic forecast.
ADAN
Authors: J. A. Encinar, G. Fernandez-Ballester, I. E. Sánchez, E. Hurtado-Gomez, F. Stricher, P. Beltrao, L. Serrano
Venue: Bioinformatics (2009)

Motivation: Most of the structures and functions of proteome globular domains are yet unknown. We can use high-resolution structures from different modular domains in combination with automatic protein design algorithms to predict genome-wide potential interactions of a protein. ADAN database and related web tools are online resources for the predictive analysis of ligand–domain complexes. ADAN database is a collection of different modular protein domains (SH2, SH3, PDZ, WW, etc.). It contains 3505 entries with extensive structural and functional information available, manually integrated, curated and annotated with cross-references to other databases, biochemical and thermodynamical data, simplified coordinate files, sequence files and alignments. Prediadan, a subset of ADAN database, offers position-specific scoring matrices for protein–protein interactions, calculated by FoldX, and predictions of optimum ligands and putative binding partners. Users can also scan a query sequence against selected matrices, or improve a ligand–domain interaction. Availability: ADAN is accessible at http://adan-embl.ibmc.umh.es/ or http://adan.crg.es/. Contact: gregorio@umh.es
Graphics and Semantics: The Relationship between What Is Seen and What Is Meant in Icon Design
Authors: Sarah Isherwood
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics: Held as Part of HCI International 2009 (2009)

Visual icons can be considered as a means for designers to convey messages to end-users via the interface of a computer system. This paper explores the relationship between the users' interpretation of icons and the meaning that designers intend icons to convey. Focussing on interface users' understanding of icons, recent research has shown that it is the closeness of the relationship between icon and function, known as the semantic distance, that is of prime importance in determining the success of icon usability. This contrasts with previous research which has suggested that the concreteness, or pictorialness, of icons is the key to good design. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
MapReduce-Based Pattern Finding Algorithm Applied in Motif Detection for Prescription Compatibility Network
Authors: Yang Liu, Xiaohong Jiang, Huajun Chen, Jun Ma, Xiangyu Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Advanced Parallel Processing Technologies (2009)

Network motifs are basic building blocks in complex networks. Motif detection has recently attracted much attention as a topic to uncover structural design principles of complex networks. Pattern finding is the most computationally expensive step in the process of motif detection. In this paper, we design a pattern finding algorithm based on Google MapReduce to improve the efficiency. Performance evaluation shows our algorithm can facilitates the detection of larger motifs in large size networks and has good scalability. We apply it in the prescription network and find some commonly used prescription network motifs that provide the possibility to further discover the law of prescription compatibility.
Teaching networking and distributed systems with Seattle
Authors: Justin Cappos, Ivan Beschastnikh
Venue: Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges (2009)

In this tutorial we describe an educational testbed called Seattle [1] that an instructor can use to enhance a course on networks or distributed systems. We give an overview of the Seattle educational testbed and describe assignments and resources available to educators planning to use Seattle in the classroom. Finally, we discuss the applicability of Seattle to other types of distributed systems paradigms such as cloud computing, peer-to-peer networking, and ubiquitous computing. The purpose of the Seattle testbed is to provide instructors with resources on computers all around the world. This allows students to learn about real world network behavior as well as topics like cloud computing and peer-to-peer computing. Seattle is free and is comprised of resources donated from universities. Today, Seattle consists of resources on about 1000 computers at over 100 universities on 6 continents.
Generating monologue and dialogue to present personalised medical information to patients
Authors: Sandra Williams, Paul Piwek, Richard Power
Venue: Proceedings of the Eleventh European Workshop on Natural Language Generation (2007)

Medical information is notoriously difficult to convey to patients because the content is complex, emotionally sensitive, and hard to explain without recourse to technical terms. We describe a pilot system for communicating the contents of electronic health records (EHRs) to patients. It generates two alternative presentations, which we have compared in a preliminary evaluation study: the first takes the form of a monologue, which elaborates the information taken from the patient's EHR by adding explanations of some concepts and procedures; the second takes the form of a scripted dialogue, in which the content is recast as a series of questions, answers and statements assigned to two characters in the dialogue, a senior and a junior nurse. Our discourse planning method designs these presentations in tandem, first producing a monologue plan which is then elaborated into a dialogue plan.
AFMAP: Anonymous Forward-Secure Mutual Authentication Protocols for RFID Systems
Authors: Alireza Sadighian, Rasool Jalili
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Third International Conference on Emerging Security Information, Systems and Technologies (2009)

In this paper we propose two mutual authentication protocols for RFID systems. Generally, in RFID systems, a reader can authenticate tags in the real-time and batch modes. This paper proposes the first authentication protocol for the real-time mode. It also proposes an efficient robust mutual authentication protocol for the batch mode. Some significant characteristics of the protocols are forward security, tag anonymity, location privacy, low complexity on the back-end server, and scalability. To the best of our knowledge, our protocols offer the most enhanced security features in RFID mutual authentication protocols with respect to user privacy. In analyzing the protocols, we show how remarkable properties such as forward security and tag anonymity are guaranteed. It is also illustrated that our protocol is secure against several common attacks that RFID systems confront with.
3D fiducials for scalable AR visual tracking
Authors: John Steinbis, William Hoff, Tyrone L. Vincent
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (2008)

A new vision and inertial pose estimation system was implemented for real-time handheld augmented reality (AR). A sparse set of 3D cone fiducials are utilized for scalable indoor/outdoor tracking, as opposed to traditional planar patterns. The cones are easy to segment and have a large working volume which makes them more suitable for many applications. The pose estimation system receives measurements from the camera and IMU at 30 Hz and 100 Hz respectively. With a dual-core workstation, all measurements can be processed in real-time to update the pose of virtual graphics within the AR display.
Research on the Dynamic Characteristics of an Electrodynamic Oscillator
Authors: Linzhen Zhou, Defang Liu, Bin Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation - Volume 02 (2009)

The research of this paper was based on V-model dual-moving-coil electrodynamic oscillator. The finite element model of the oscillator mobile system was established in the paper. The subsequent model analysis revealed that the steep troughs and peaks existing in the frequency curve result from the axial symmetric structure of the mobile system. The findings can provide basis for further structural optimized design.
Interacting with the Environment through Non-invasive Brain-Computer Interfaces
Authors: Febo Cincotti, Lucia Rita Quitadamo, Fabio Aloise, Luigi Bianchi, Fabio Babiloni, Donatella Mattia
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th International on ConferenceUniversal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Part II: Intelligent and Ubiquitous Interaction Environments (2009)

The brain computer interface (BCI) technology allows a direct connection between brain and computer without any muscular activity required, and thus it offers a unique opportunity to enhance and/or to restore communication and actions into external word in people with severe motor disability. Here, we present the framework of the current research progresses regarding non-invasive EEG-based BCI applications specifically devoted to interact with the environment. Despite of the technological advancement, the operability of a BCI device in an out-laboratory setting (i.e. real-life condition) still remains far from being settled. The BCI control is indeed, characterized by unusual properties, when compared to more traditional inputs (long delays, noise with varying structure, long-term drifts, event-related noise, and stress effects). Current approaches to this are constituted by post hoc processing the BCI signal in order to better conform to traditional control. A long-term approach is to devise novel interaction modalities. In this regard, BCI can offer an unusual and compelling testing ground for new interaction ideas in the Human Computer Interaction field.
Musical Instruments in Random Forest
Authors: Miron Kursa, Witold Rudnicki, Alicja Wieczorkowska, Elżbieta Kubera, Agnieszka Kubik-Komar
Venue: Proceedings of the 18th International Symposium on Foundations of Intelligent Systems (2009)

This paper describes automatic classification of predominant musical instrument in sound mixes, using random forests as classifiers. The description of sound parameterization applied and methodology of random forest classification are given in the paper. Additionally, the significance of sound parameters used as conditional attributes is investigated. The results show that almost all sound attributes are informative, and random forest technique yields much higher classification results than support vector machines, used in previous research on these data.
Notice Board as Metaphor for Social Media Service in Chemical Factory
Authors: Sampo Teräs, Petri Mannonen
Venue: Proceedings of the 3d International Conference on Online Communities and Social Computing: Held as Part of HCI International 2009 (2009)

Work in paper and chemical factories include controlling several processes and cooperating with several workers. This needs lots of awareness and information sharing. Breakdowns in information sharing can lead to low quality production and unsafe work situations. During last couple of years different social media and web 2.0 applications and services have become popular ways of sharing information in leisure environment. We created a prototype from social media perspective to respond the needs in information sharing in factories. Our electronic notice board prototype (El Nobo) uses a metaphor from process operators' current work environment and is designed to face the specific needs that occur in the chemical factory process operators' work. The prototype aims to introduce social media type of working practices to process control work and to test the possibilities of informal cross-organizational information sharing in industrial settings.