ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Image transmission through incoherent optical fiber bundle: methods for optimization and image quality improvement
Authors: O. Demuynck, J. M. Menéndez
Venue: WSEAS Transactions on Signal Processing (2008)

Artificial vision, in spite of all theoretical and practical progress accomplished during last thirty years, still cannot be employed technically in some hazardous and strong industrial areas, where conditions are such that cameras would not operate properly. Possible alternatives on such problem are the quite recent IP65 and IP67 industrial cameras, and associated connectors, protected by an anticorrosive, waterproof, and high temperatures resistive carcass employing a dedicated electronic, in addition robust to almost 3G accelerations. Nevertheless, such cameras are still very expensive compared to conventional industrial cameras and would still not be enough in hardest conditions (explosive gas or dust environment) or in electromagnetic interferences environments. A good alternative in extreme conditions is the use of optical fiber bundle. Since such cable only transmits light, they intrinsically have electromagnetic interferences immunity and, depending on the fiber material, could be exposed to very high temperature (over 1000°C for sapphire fibers for example), could be employed in almost all corrosive, environment, and totally submersible. Nevertheless, the coherent optical fiber bundles are very expensive, and for large distances could be non-competitive facing the other hardware solutions (armor plating, electromagnetic interferences isolation). Thus, the best suitable option to develop a competitive system in those particular cases is the use of incoherent optical fiber bundle (IOFB), nowadays just we discuss in this paper. Improvement of the noisy resulting quality image is also exposed here, achieved by experimental post calibration methods. We propose in this work a new calibration method of incoherent optical fiber bundle (IOFB) for image transmission purpose. Firstly, we present the calibration method (an enhancement of previously published calibration methods), some resulting reconstructed image and a discussion on its quality improvement employing simple denoising methods assisted by low pass filters (smooth filter, resizing method,...). We finally depict the two post calibration method are: correction of the input plane optical aberrations and extraction of a unique pixel (almost centered) for each fibers. We finally present some resulting images that demonstrate how it efficiently refine the reconstruction Look Up Table (LUT) used for the output image reconstruction improving image quality, image contrast but also reconstruction processing time.
Personalized, interactive tag recommendation for flickr
Authors: Nikhil Garg, Ingmar Weber
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 ACM conference on Recommender systems (2008)

We study the problem of personalized, interactive tag recommendation for Flickr: While a user enters/selects new tags for a particular picture, the system suggests related tags to her, based on the tags that she or other people have used in the past along with (some of) the tags already entered. The suggested tags are dynamically updated with every additional tag entered/selected. We describe a new algorithm, called Hybrid, which can be applied to this problem, and show that it outperforms previous algorithms. It has only a single tunable parameter, which we found to be very robust. Apart from this new algorithm and its detailed analysis, our main contributions are (i) a clean methodology which leads to conservative performance estimates, (ii) showing how classical classification algorithms can be applied to this problem, (iii) introducing a new cost measure, which captures the effort of the whole tagging process, (iv) clearly identifying, when purely local schemes (using only a user's tagging history) can or cannot be improved by global schemes (using everybody's tagging history).
Modeling and derivation of back EMF and torque constants of gearless flat-type brushless DC motor
Authors: Jian-Long Kuo, Tsung-Yu Wang
Venue: WSEAS Transactions on Systems and Control (2007)

This paper develops the mathematical modeling for the gearless flat-type brushless DC motor. The major two machine constant coefficients will be investigated to derive the compact form related to the machine size and material property. Static and dynamic testing will be employed to illustrate the validity of the discussed machine. The compact formulation will be demonstrated through experimental results. A mathematical approach, based on the electromagnetic field theory, will be used to formulate the two machine constants. The aim of this paper is to provide good guidance for designing the associated gearless-flat type brushless motor. It can be found that some of the geometry parameters will affect the performances of the proposed machine. The theoretical modeling will be developed to show characteristics such as Back-EMF and torque constants.
SPOCS: Application Specific Signal Processor for OFDM Communication Systems
Authors: Jae Hyun Baek, Sung Dae Kim, Myung H. Sunwoo
Venue: Journal of Signal Processing Systems (2008)

This paper presents an Application-Specific Signal Processor (ASSP) for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) Communication Systems, called SPOCS. The instruction set and its architecture are specially designed for OFDM systems, such as Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), scrambling/descrambling, puncturing, convolutional encoding, interleaving/deinterleaving, etc. SPOCS employs the optimized Data Processing Unit (DPU) to support the proposed instructions and the FFT Address Generation Unit (FAGU) to automatically calculate input/output data addresses. In addition, the proposed Bit Manipulation Unit (BMU) supports efficient bit manipulation operations. SPOCS has been synthesized using the SEC 0.18 μm standard cell library and has a much smaller area than commercial DSP chips. SPOCS can reduce the number of clock cycles over 8%~53% for FFT and about 48%~84% for scrambling, convolutional encoding and interleaving compared with existing DSP chips. SPOCS can support various OFDM communication standards, such as Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB), Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T), etc.
Open Collaborative Systems as Institutions of Agents
Authors: Marcos de Oliveira, Vasco Furtado, Stephen Cranefield, Martin Purvis
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology - Volume 02 (2008)

A wiki is a typical Web 2.0 system where people from various backgrounds interoperate and/or cooperate, sharing information and, at the same time, building a knowledge base on different areas of interest. Its characteristics are very similar to the ones owned by the open multi-agent systems modeled as electronic institutional environments. This paper proposes an approach to develop open collaborative systems as institutions of agents and demonstrates that suitability through the adaptation of a typical wiki application, known as WikiCrimes, to an institutional environment.
Collective operations for wide-area message-passing systems using adaptive spanning trees
Authors: Hideo Saito, Kenjiro Taura, Takashi Chikayama
Venue: International Journal of High Performance Computing and Networking (2008)

We propose a method for wide-area message-passing systems to perform broadcasts and reductions efficiently using latency and bandwidth-aware spanning trees constructed at run-time. These trees are updated when processes join or leave a computation, allowing effective execution to continue. We have implemented our proposal on the Phoenix Message-Passing Library and performed experiments using 160 processors distributed across four clusters. Compared to a static Grid-aware implementation, the latency of our broadcast was within a factor of two, and the bandwidth was 82%. When some processes joined or left a computation, our broadcast temporarily performed poorly, but completed successfully even during that time.
What are our standards for validation of measurement-based networking research?
Authors: Balachander Krishnamurthy, Walter Willinger
Venue: ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review (2008)

Standards? What standards?
Mixture models for protein structure ensembles
Authors: Michael Hirsch, Michael Habeck
Venue: Bioinformatics (2008)

Motivation: Protein structure ensembles provide important insight into the dynamics and function of a protein and contain information that is not captured with a single static structure. However, it is not clear a priori to what extent the variability within an ensemble is caused by internal structural changes. Additional variability results from overall translations and rotations of the molecule. And most experimental data do not provide information to relate the structures to a common reference frame. To report meaningful values of intrinsic dynamics, structural precision, conformational entropy, etc., it is therefore important to disentangle local from global conformational heterogeneity. Results: We consider the task of disentangling local from global heterogeneity as an inference problem. We use probabilistic methods to infer from the protein ensemble missing information on reference frames and stable conformational sub-states. To this end, we model a protein ensemble as a mixture of Gaussian probability distributions of either entire conformations or structural segments. We learn these models from a protein ensemble using the expectation–maximization algorithm. Our first model can be used to find multiple conformers in a structure ensemble. The second model partitions the protein chain into locally stable structural segments or core elements and less structured regions typically found in loops. Both models are simple to implement and contain only a single free parameter: the number of conformers or structural segments. Our models can be used to analyse experimental ensembles, molecular dynamics trajectories and conformational change in proteins. Availability: The Python source code for protein ensemble analysis is available from the authors upon request. Contact: michael.habeck@tuebingen.mpg.de
Large-scale network parameter configuration using an on-line simulation framework
Authors: Tao Ye, Hema T. Kaur, Shivkumar Kalyanaraman, Murat Yuksel
Venue: IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON) (2008)

As the Internet infrastructure grows to support a variety of services, its legacy protocols are being overloaded with new functions such as traffic engineering. Today, operators engineer such capabilities through clever, but manual parameter tuning. In this paper, we propose a back-end support tool for large-scale parameter configuration that is based on efficient parameter state space search techniques and on-line simulation. The framework is useful when the network protocol performance is sensitive to its parameter settings, and its performance can be reasonably modeled in simulation. In particular, our system imports the network topology, relevant protocol models and latest monitored traffic patterns into a simulation that runs on-line in a network operations center (NOC). Each simulation evaluates the network performance for a particular setting of protocol parameters. We propose an efficient large-dimensional parameter state space search technique called "recursive random search (RRS)." Each sample point chosen by RRS results in a single simulation. An important feature of this framework is its flexibility: it allows arbitrary choices in terms of the simulation engines used (e.g., ns-2, SSFnet), network protocols to be simulated (e.g., OSPF, BGP), and in the specification of the optimization objectives. We demonstrate the flexibility and relevance of this framework in three scenarios: joint tuning of the RED buffer management parameters at multiple bottlenecks, traffic engineering using OSPF link weight tuning, and outbound load-balancing of traffic at peering/transit points using BGP LOCAL_PREF parameter.
Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
Venue: International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces (2008)

On behalf of everyone involved in the organization of ICMI 2008 and the ACM Society, we would like to welcome all participants to the 10th International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces. ICMI is a truly interdisciplinary conference attracting contributions from both the computer science and engineering community. Following the example of recent successful ICMI conferences, we have tried to put together an exciting technical program with special sessions, keynotes and demos in both emerging and established research areas of multimodal processing and interaction. This year the ICMI program includes 44 regular papers, 4 special session papers, 2 keynote presentations, 1 tutorial presentation and 7 demo presentations. The acceptance rate for regular papers was 48%; all papers received at least three reviews. The technical program is organized in five oral sessions, two poster sessions, one demo session and one panel discussion over three days. In addition, the program contains one special session in the exciting emerging area of social signal processing. The program includes keynote addresses in the area of multimodal interaction and multimedia processing by two distinguished researchers, Phil Cohen and George Drettakis. For more information, see the detailed technical program that follows. ICMI takes place this year in an especially beautiful setting in a region rich in natural beauty, history, memories and culture. We hope that the setting will inspire creativity and brainstorming among participants. While at the conference, don't forget to visit the old city of Chania with its famed Venetian harbour and narrow colourful streets. If you are able to spend extra time in Chania, consider exploring the natural beauty of the region by taking excursions to the Samaria Gorge, Falasarna, Elafonisi or Gramvousa.
Optimal features subset selection and classification for iris recognition
Authors: Kaushik Roy, Prabir Bhattacharya
Venue: Journal on Image and Video Processing (2008)

The selection of the optimal features subset and the classification have become an important issue in the field of iris recognition. We propose a feature selection scheme based on the multiobjectives genetic algorithm (MOGA) to improve the recognition accuracy and asymmetrical support vector machine for the classification of iris patterns. We also suggest a segmentation scheme based on the collarette area localization. The deterministic feature sequence is extracted from the iris images using the 1D log-Gabor wavelet technique, and the extracted feature sequence is used to train the support vector machine (SVM). The MOGA is applied to optimize the features sequence and to increase the overall performance based on the matching accuracy of the SVM. The parameters of SVM are optimized to improve the overall generalization performance, and the traditional SVM is modified to an asymmetrical SVM to treat the false accept and false reject cases differently and to handle the unbalanced data of a specific class with respect to the other classes. Our experimental results indicate that the performance of SVM as a classifier is better than the performance of the classifiers based on the feedforward neural network, the k-nearest neighbor, and the Hamming and the Mahalanobis distances. The proposed technique is computationally effective with recognition rates of 99.81% and 96.43% on CASIA and ICE datasets, respectively.
FPGA realization of fuzzy temperature controller for industrial application
Authors: Shabiul Islam, Nowshad Amin, M. S. Bhuyan, Mukter Zaman, Bakri Madon, Masuri Othman
Venue: WSEAS Transactions on Systems and Control (2007)

This paper describes FPGA realization of a Fuzzy Temperature Controller (FTC) using VHDL intended for industrial application. The system is built up with four major modules namely fuzzification, inference, implication and defuzzification. The composition method selected for the fuzzy model is the Max-Min composition while the Mamdani Min operator is chosen as the implication method. Each module is modeled individually using behavioral VHDL, and the combined using structural VHDL. Successful timing and functional simulations are carried out to verify the correct functionality of the algorithm. The verified VHDL model is synthesized using synthesis tool to get gate-level architecture of the FTC chip. The designed synthesized netlist is downloaded into FPGA board from Altera for verifying the functionality of the FTC chip. The operating frequency of the FTC chip is 5MHz with a critical path of 199.3ns.
Comet and Reverse Ajax: The Next-Generation Ajax 2.0
Authors: Dave Crane, Phil McCarthy
Venue: Firstpress (2008)

One of the most basic laws of a web application is that the client, not the server, must initiate any communication between the two. There are a number of commonuse cases where, ideally, the server would like to talk to the clientdashboards and monitoring apps, chat rooms and other collaborations, and progress reports on longrunning processes. Comet (a.k.a. Reverse Ajax) provides a mechanism for enabling this. Comet is moderately complex to implement. But this practical, handson book gets you going. In Part 1 of this book, we start by examining the use cases, and look at the simple alternatives to Comet and how far they can satisfy your needs. In some situations, though, only Comet will do. In Part 2, we demonstrate how to set up and run a Cometbased application. With this book, be a part of the next generation, Ajax 2.0. What youll learn Find out what Comet is and the trouble with HTTP. See how to achieve push, polling, piggybacking, raw sockets, and more. Explore some common use cases and a worked example on magnetic poetry. Understand what some issues and techniques are including the tworequest limit, pubsub and server architectures, and continuations vs. native Comet. Use implementations of Comet, including Cometd/Bayeaux, Reverse Ajax in DWR, and more. Work through the final example using DWR Framework. Who is this book for? This firstPress title is for Ajax developers who are intrigued by Comet/Reverse Ajax, key to the next generation Ajax 2.0.
An Algorithm of Data Fusion Based on Improved BP Natural Network
Authors: Qiu Jun-na, Xu Xiao-liang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Computer Science and Software Engineering - Volume 01 (2008)

Data fusion based on Feed-forward Natural Network can get the goal of minimum error, as well as reduce redundant data to transmit and save energy consumption. BP Neutral Network is considered as one of the most mature algorithm, but the traditional BP algorithm converges slowly and easy traps in a local minimum value, so new improved BP algorithm named algebraic algorithm is put forward. The algebraic algorithm can make a complex nonlinear optimization problems turn to a simple algebraic equation, and the error function will equal to zero. Results show that the algebraic algorithm is higher precision and efficiency than BP algorithm.
A Reference Model for Grid Architectures and Its Analysis
Authors: Carmen Bratosin, Wil Aalst, Natalia Sidorova, Nikola Trčka
Venue: Proceedings of the OTM 2008 Confederated International Conferences, CoopIS, DOA, GADA, IS, and ODBASE 2008. Part I on On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems: (2008)

Computing and data intensive applications in physics, medicine, biology, graphics, and business intelligence require large and distributed infrastructures to address today's and tomorrow's challenges. For example, process mining applications are faced with terrabytes of event data and computationally expensive algorithms. Increasingly, computer grids are used to deal with such challenges. However, despite the availability of many software packages for grid applications, a good conceptual model of the grid is missing. Grid computing is often approached in an ad-hoc and engineering-like manner. This paper provides formal description of the grid in terms of a colored Petri net (CPN). The CPN can be seen as a reference model for grids and clarifies the basic concepts at a conceptual level. Moreover, the CPN allows for various kinds of analysis ranging from verification to performance analysis. In this paper, we show that our reference model allows for the analysis of various distribution strategies using simulation.
Suspended channel MEMS fabrication process for advanced device design and bio-analytical functionalization
Authors: Alexander Vladimirov Grigorov
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2008)

This paper reports a simple and novel process that allows the fabrication of suspended channel MEMS devices. Two basic types of suspended structures were fabricated using the new process, and a possible functionalization mechanism for bio-analytical detection and sensing using spotting and capillary action was successfully tested. Possible uses of the fabricated structures are described, as specific existing types of biochemical MEMS sensors.
A general technique for proving lock-freedom
Authors: Robert Colvin, Brijesh Dongol
Venue: Science of Computer Programming (2009)

Lock-freedom is a property of concurrent programs which states that, from any state of the program, eventually some process will complete its operation. Lock-freedom is a weaker property than the usual expectation that eventually all processes will complete their operations. By weakening their completion guarantees, lock-free programs increase the potential for parallelism, and hence make more efficient use of multiprocessor architectures than lock-based algorithms. However, lock-free algorithms, and reasoning about them, are considerably more complex. In this paper we present a technique for proving that a program is lock-free. The technique is designed to be as general as possible and is guided by heuristics that simplify the proofs. We demonstrate our theory by proving lock-freedom of two non-trivial examples from the literature. The proofs have been machine-checked by the PVS theorem prover, and we have developed proof strategies to minimise user interaction.
Neuroimaging Data Provenance Using the LONI Pipeline Workflow Environment
Authors: Allan J. Mackenzie-Graham, Arash Payan, Ivo D. Dinov, John D. Horn, Arthur W. Toga
Venue: Provenance and Annotation of Data and Processes: Second International Provenance and Annotation Workshop, IPAW 2008, Salt Lake City, UT, USA, June 17-18, 2008. Revised Selected Papers (2008)

Provenance, the description of the history of a set of data, has become important in the neurosciences with the proliferation of research consortia-related neuroimaging efforts. Knowledge about the origin, preprocessing, analysis and post hoc processing of neuroimaging volumes is essential for establishing data and results quality, the reproducibility of findings, and their scientific interpretation. Neuroimaging provenance also includes the specifics of the software routines, algorithmic parameters, and operating system settings that were employed in the analysis protocol. The LONI Pipeline (http://pipeline.loni.ucla.edu) is a Java-based workflow environment for the construction and execution of data processing streams. We have developed a provenance framework for describing the current and retrospective data state integrated with the LONI Pipeline workflow environment. Collection of provenance information under this framework alleviates much of the burden of documentation from the user while still providing a rich description of an image's characteristics, as well as the description of the programs that interacted with that data. This combination of ease of use and highly descriptive meta-data will greatly facilitate the collection of provenance information from brain imaging workflows, encourage subsequent data and meta-data sharing, enhance peer-reviewed publication, and support multi-center collaboration.