ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Special Feature: Computing in China, 1978
Authors: H. L. Garner
Venue: Computer (1979)

Last September a Computer Society delegation visited the People's Republic of China. This report summarizes the trip and offers one member's assessment of Chinese computer technology.
An Algorithm for NAND Decomposition Under Network Constraints
Authors: E. S. Davidson
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (1969)

A branch-and-bound algorithm is presented for the synthesis of multioutput, multilevel, cycle-free NAND networks to realize an arbitrary given set of partially or completely specified combinational switching functions. In a programmed version of the algorithm, fan-in, fan-out, and level constraints may be specified. Cost may be specified as a nonnegative integer linear combination of gates and gate inputs. Further constraints and cost criteria are compatible with the algorithm. A first solution is constructed by a sequence of local decisions, and backtracking is executed to find improved solutions and to prove the optimality of the final solution.
SECUAREA: Security in physical and logical areas
Authors: Lourdes Lopez, Luis Redondo, Jose-Fernan Martinez, Manuel Ramiro, Vicente Hernandez, Francisco Bonilla, Fermin Breton
Venue: Proceedings of the The International Conference on Emerging Security Information, Systems, and Technologies (2007)

Security is one of the major world wide concerns because of the terrorist attacks suffered in the last years. In fact, The European Commission has dedicated a Security specific programme within the 7th Framework Programme. New technologies bring about new capabilities and their use in conjunction with other technologies will provide us with brand new approaches to solve our actual security needs. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are part of a new technology which is currently being researched and the first commercial solutions have started to appear. The capabilities of WSN can be easily foreseen as well as the wide range of possibilities of integrating sensor devices and actuators. On the other hand, RFID technology is becoming more and more extended in different applications. This paper shows the integration of WSN and RFID technologies to provide an integrated physical and logical security solution. The best of both technologies are put together into a unique solution directly applicable in those organizations which require high level of security.
Self-service -- but is it good to talk?
Authors: T. Alcock, N. Millard
Venue: BT Technology Journal (2007)

Drives to increase the volume of customers who use self-service channels are a common strategic goal. The promise of significant cost reduction is a tempting carrot. Couple this with the vision of customers benefiting from quick, effective and usable contact channels, avoiding human error (except perhaps their own!) or potential frustration at being passed around to an `appropriate' contact centre advisor is a very worthy vision ¿ but is it as simple as this?In this discussion paper the authors speculate that self-service, while potentially being a revenue-saving opportunity, could also erode customer satisfaction and loyalty. Self-service doubtless appeals to some customers, but is it what all customers want? Do organisations understand enough about customer experience to enable them to build successful self-service channels, i.e. those that are useful, usable and used by customers? Do businesses really want to lose the opportunity to actually talk to customers and gain insight and knowledge about them? What impact will increased levels of self-service have on more traditional channels, such as customer contact centres?This paper also discusses evidence that self-service can actually serve to increase communication between organisations and customers across multiple channels. For many organisations, the Internet has actually resulted in more calls to the contact centre, not less. The seductive promise of self-service to cut costs through reducing call volumes may be an empty one.
Supporting Adaptive Virtual Environments with Intelligent Agents
Authors: Marcus S. Aquino, Fernando F. de Souza, Alejandro C. Frery, Rodrigo C. Fujioka
Venue: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Applications (2007)

Adaptive Virtual Environments have been developed aiming at generating 3D environments adapted to user's necessities and interests. Navigation aid techniques and content adaptation improve user interaction in such environments. This article presents a system for supporting real time adaptive virtual environments. A multiagents architecture is used to manage contents updating in the virtual world according to user profile evolution. Its agents utilize the User Model, the Environment Model and a 3D objects database for decision-making on the necessary updating. A manager agent is responsible to accompany the user's actions through the user interface to collect information that may be used to update his/her profile. This agent also controls the communication between agents.
On the Acceleration of Shortest Path Calculations in Transportation Networks
Authors: Zachary K. Baker, Maya Gokhale
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th Annual IEEE Symposium on Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines (2007)

Shortest path algorithms are key elements of many graph problems. They are used in such applications as online direction finding and navigation, and modeling of traffic for large scale simulations of major metropolitan areas. As shortest path algorithm are execution bottlenecks, it is beneficial to move their execution to parallel hardware such as Field- Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). One of the innovations of this approach is the use of a small bubble sort core to produce the extract-min function. While bubble sort is not usually considered an appropriate algorithm for any non-trivial usage, it is appropriate in this case as it can produce a single minimum out of the list in O(n) cycles, where n is the number of elements in the vertex list. The cost of this min operation does not impact the running time of the architecture, because the queue depth for fetching the next set of edges from memory is roughly equivalent to the number of cores in the system. Additionally, this work provides a collection of simulation results that model the behavior of the node queue in hardware. The results show that a hardware queue, implementing a small bubble-type minimum function, need only be on the order of 16 elements to provide both correct and optimal paths. With support for a large DRAM graph store with SRAM-based caching on a Cray XD-1 FPGA-accelerated system, the system provides a speedup of roughly 50x over the CPU-based implementation.
Unregister Attacks in SIP
Authors: Anat Bremler-Barr, Ronit Halachmi-Bekel, Jussi Kangasharju
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 2nd IEEE Workshop on Secure Network Protocols (2006)

In this paper we present the unregister attack, a new kind of a denial of service attack on SIP servers. In this attack, the attacker sends a spoofed "unregister" message to a SIP server and cancels the registration of the victim at that server. This prevents the victim user from receiving any calls. We have tested common implementations of SIP servers and show that the unregister attack is easily performed on SIP servers which do not use authentication. Even on SIP servers with authentication, an attacker able to snif f the traffc between the client and server can still successfully attack common servers. We show that the root causes behind this vulnerability are either buggy implementations, or the SIP specification RFC which does not require suffcient security from the implementations. We present a solution, the SIP One-Way Hash Function Algorithm (SOHA), motivated by the one-time password mechanism [6]. SOHA prevents the unregister attack in all situations. The algorithm is easy to deploy since it requires only a minor modification, namely adding one header field into the SIP messages. Furthermore, the algorithm is fully backwards compatible and requires no additional configuration from the user or the server.
Fully Digit On-Line Networks
Authors: M. J. Irwin
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (1983)

Research in computer architecture in the last decade has been driven largely by the motivation to overcome the "von Neumann" bottleneck. This paper describes the design and use of one such architecture fully digit on-line networks. First, digit on-line algorithms and processing are defined. The key advantage to digit on-line processing is that it allows a digit serial, most significant digit first, type of data flow. Processing of the most significant operand digits starts immediately and generation of the most significant result digits soon follows. The minimum set of primitive logic operations required to implement a digit on-line processing component in VLSI are outlined. Then, digit on-line networks consisting of many of these digit on-line components are examined. Finally, two different network configurations are discussed and compared.
AmTRUE: Authentication Management and Trusted Role-based Authorization in Multi-Application and Multi-User Environment
Authors: Somchart Fugkeaw, Piyawit Manpanpanich, Sekpon Juntapremjitt
Venue: Proceedings of the The International Conference on Emerging Security Information, Systems, and Technologies (2007)

This paper proposes a hybrid model of an authentication technique and a role based access control (RBAC) based on X.509 public key certificate and attribute certificate. With attribute certificate the user role is bound to an identity of the public key certificate in which the permissions are assigned to the holder. A mapping model of RBAC authorization and authentication is presented. In addition, we also deal with the issue of system service disruption and recovery as well as an activity-based policy. With our proposed model, the full authentication, authorization, and accountability (AAA) are supported. We apply the multi agent system concept to facilitate the authentication and the authorization based on the PKI infrastructure. Finally, the project called AmTRUE (Authentication Management and Trusted Role-based Authorization in Multi-Application and Multi-User Environment) has been developed to implement our research idea.
A novel approach to clustering merchandise records
Authors: Tao-Yuan Cheng, Shan Wang
Venue: Journal of Computer Science and Technology (2007)

Object identification is one of the major challenges in integrating data from multiple information sources, since being short of global identifiers, it is hard to find all records referring to the same object in an integrated database. Traditional object identification techniques tend to use character-based or vector space model-based similarity computing in judging, but they cannot work well in merchandise databases. This paper brings forward a new approach to object identification. First, we use merchandise images to judge whether two records belong to the same object; then, we use Naïve Bayesian Model to judge whether two merchandise names have similar meaning. We do experiments on data downloaded from shopping websites, and the results show good performance.
User acceptance of virtual worlds: the Hedonic framework
Authors: Clyde W. Holsapple, Jiming Wu
Venue: ACM SIGMIS Database (2007)

Research on information technology (IT) adoption focuses almost entirely on productivity-oriented IT such as word processing. Little attention has been directed at investigating adoption of entertainment-oriented IT such as virtual worlds. Contending that it is important to better understand adoption of this technology, we develop a theoretical framework that recognizes the potential of imaginal and emotional responses in explaining user acceptance of virtual worlds. With its basis in the hedonic theory, the research framework may benefit the developers and sponsors of virtual worlds as they strive to build and sustain a customer base. The paper also outlines an example to illustrate one way to approach a consideration of the imaginal and emotional variables.
Constructing Incentive Oriented Overlay on Mobile Peer-to-Peer Networks
Authors: Feng Hong, Yuan Feng, Minglu Li, Zhongwen Guo
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 International Conference on Parallel Processing Workshops (2007)

mobile peer-to-peer networks, the incentive mechanism has to be provided for peers' participation as both resource suppliers and intermediaries(routers). In this paper we propose our solution to the incentive problem for intermediaries of message routing. We provide the dominationset- based peer-to-peer searching algorithm with economic models, which achieves motivating peers' corporation in the whole overlay. Simulation results prove the functionality of our solution.
A Hybrid Case Based Reasoning Approach for Wine Classification
Authors: Claudio A. Policastro, Alexandre C. B. Delbem, L. H. C. Mattoso, E. Minatti, E. J. Ferreira, Carlos E. Borato, M. C. Zanus
Venue: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Applications (2007)

There is an increasing concern with the quality of beverage products, like water, milk, wine and coffee. For wine, in particular, the evaluation is usually performed by human tasters, which may require a long time for their training. Moreover, the use of human tasters usu- ally presents high financial and health costs and has a strong subjective component. The quality control of beverages may strongly bene- fit from the automatic monitoring of their properties by using taste sensors and intelligent systems. This work investigates how the application of a Artificial Intelli- gence, more specifically a Hybrid Case-Based System, can lead to an efficient tool for wine quality monitoring. For such, a set of measures extracted by a set of taste sensors is analysed by an Intelligent Hybrid system. Ex- perimental results show the ability of the proposed sys- tem to evaluate wine quality.
Plasmonic nanolayer composites: coupled plasmon polaritons, effective-medium response, and subdiffraction light manipulation
Authors: Justin Elser, Alexander A. Govyadinov, Ivan Avrutsky, Ildar Salakhutdinov, Viktor A. Podolskiy
Venue: Journal of Nanomaterials (2007)

We analyze the evolution of the modes in nanoplasmonic multilayered structures and study the transition of the optical properties of these systems to the effective-medium regime. We derive the effective-medium parameters and study the validity of our analytical results with exact numerical solutions of Maxwell equations. Finally, we explore the applications of multilayered systems for subwavelength light confinement in planar and circular waveguides.
On a Class of Linear Maps for Data Compression
Authors: S. Kundu
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering (1982)

A method for data compression with linear maps has been developed which is found to produce further reduction in overhead storage requirement, compression/decompression time, and clustering overhead as compared to the affine map method in certain cases. Algorithms have been developed for cluster minimization, cluster identification, and compression matrix calculation that may be applied with advantage in both the methods.
Uncertainty Visualization in Medical Volume Rendering Using Probabilistic Animation
Authors: Claes Lundström, Patric Ljung Anders Persson Anders Ynnerman
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics (2007)

Direct Volume Rendering has proved to be an effective visualization method for medical data sets and has reached wide-spread clinical use. The diagnostic exploration, in essence, corresponds to a tissue classification task, which is often complex and time-consuming. Moreover, a major problem is the lack of information on the uncertainty of the classification, which can have dramatic consequences for the diagnosis. In this paper this problem is addressed by proposing animation methods to convey uncertainty in the rendering.The foundation is a probabilistic Transfer Function model which allows for direct user interaction with the classification. The rendering is animated by sampling the probability domain over time, which results in varying appearance for uncertain regions. A particularly promising application of this technique is a &#x201C;sensitivity lens&#x201D; applied to focus regions in the data set. The methods have been evaluated by radiologists in a study simulating the clinical task of stenosis assessment, in which the animation technique is shown to outperform traditional rendering in terms of assessment accuracy.
Evaluating a remote access networking laboratory as a learning environment
Authors: Sari Kinnari, Aleksi Suhonen, Jarmo Harju, Kari-Jouko Räihä
Venue: Proceedings of the sixth conference on IASTED International Conference Web-Based Education - Volume 2 (2007)

A remote access networking laboratory is a learning environment for studying communications engineering. The obvious benefits of such environments include the possibility for higher utilization of this expensive resource by sharing the laboratory equipment among several local and remote units, and the flexibility that it may provide for the students who can access the laboratory e.g. from their residence. However, the pedagogical point of view is sometimes forgotten. In this study, we compared the students' learning experience both in a traditional networking laboratory (two different cases) and in a unique remote learning environment, the Finnish SpiderNet. The students' strategies for co-operation and for solving complex tasks were observed. Students developed different strategies in understanding the functioning of the network. The ways that students reflect their own working methods, their motivation and their capability to transfer the knowledge gained during the assignments were asked using open questions. The goal was to analyze how these students would manage in a remote learning environment without the on-line help of the course assistant. Results of both the observations and the survey are presented. Based on the observations, guidelines for developing the teaching in remote networking laboratories and for supporting the learning process are provided.
Feature selection with equalized salience measures and its application to segmentation
Authors: Davi P. Santos, Joao Batista Neto
Venue: Proceedings of the XX Brazilian Symposium on Computer Graphics and Image Processing (2007)

Segmentation is a crucial step in Computer Vision in which texture plays an important role. The existence of a large amount of methods from which texture can be computed is, sometimes, a hurdle to overcome when it comes to modeling solutions for texture-based segmentation. Following the excellence of the natural vision system and its generality, this work has adopted a feature selection method based on salience of synaptic connections of a Multilayer Perceptron neural network. Unlike traditional approaches [9, 21], this paper introduces an equalization scheme to salience measures which contributed to significantly improve the selection of the most suitable features and, hence, yield better segmentation. The proposed method is compared with exhaustive search according to the Jeffrey-Matusita distance criterion. Segmentation for images of natural scenes has also been provided as a probable application of the method.
Event Correlation in Integrated Management: Lessons Learned and Outlook
Authors: Jean Philippe Martin-Flatin, Gabriel Jakobson, Lundy Lewis
Venue: Journal of Network and Systems Management (2007)

When event correlation was first used in integrated management, in the early 1980s, several techniques devised by the artificial intelligence and database communities were applied to network element management for analyzing alarms sent by expensive, self-monitoring telephone switches. Today, it is used for detecting faults in wireless networks, for monitoring the performance of commodity, often non-self-aware devices in enterprise networks, for detecting intrusions in firewalls, for ascribing breaches in service level agreements to specific problems in the underlying IT infrastructure, etc. In other words, the problem to be solved has changed completely. Can today's event correlators still meet customers' expectations? If not, how should they evolve to meet them? In this paper, we try to capture the main lessons learned by the integrated management community in event correlation in the past 25 years, and to identify important challenges that we are faced with. By doing this, we hope to streamline and encourage research in this field, which needs better models, algorithms and systems to deal with ever more complex and integrated networks, systems and services.
New Applications
Venue: Computer (1977)

An integrated package containing all the electro-optical elements of a fiber-optic transmitter has been developed by researchers at IBM. The package contains a semiconductor laser array, a cylindrical lens, and an array of optical fiber light guides. The components are mounted on a silicon wafer, which also contains thin-film drive electrodes for the lasers. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Experience Applying Policy-Based Techniques to Traffic Management in Low-Bandwidth Heterogeneous Networks
Authors: Isabelle Labbe, Francis St-Onge, David Kidston, Jean-Francois Roy
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Systems and Networks Communications (2007)

Maritime at sea networks are particularly difficult to manage due to their dynamic and heterogeneous low-bandwidth links. The policy-based network management (PBNM) approach offers techniques to automate network management. It allows operators to dynamically change the behaviour of managed systems in response to evolving operational needs without requiring per device intervention. A research effort was initiated to investigate the effective management of communication resources in a tactical maritime environment using a combination of Web Services (WS) and policy-based techniques. A management architecture was developed and an experimental prototype was implemented. This paper presents the implementation of the Policy-Based Traffic Management (PBTM) prototype and its demonstration in a laboratory using a simulated naval task deployment testbed. Observations on the performance of the policy system are provided.
On the best interval quadrature formulae for classes of differentiable periodic functions
Authors: V. F. Babenko, D. S. Skorokhodov
Venue: Journal of Complexity (2007)

In this paper we solve the problem about optimal interval quadrature formula for the class W^rF of differentiable periodic functions with rearrangement invariant set F of their derivatives of order r. We prove that the formula with equal coefficients and n node intervals having equidistant midpoints is optimal for considering classes. To this end a sharp inequality for antiderivatives of rearrangements of averaged monosplines is proved.