ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Autonomic Systems, Coping Strategies adn Dream Functions
Authors: Carl Adams
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Autonomic and Autonomous Systems (2007)

The main challenge for autonomic systems operating in remote environments is how to deal with uncertainties. This paper develops a framework of coping strategies for autonomic systems to deal with uncertain situations, new environments, conflicting sensory inputs and diverse mission objectives. Important aspects of the coping strategies include learning mechanisms, for which the concept of dream functions is presented. More sophisticated autonomic systems are likely to involve collaboration and interaction with other units (autonomic and human). For successful mission goals it is suggested that a fairness and collaboration approach to resource allocation will provide better results than self-interest strategies. Meta-games and Hyper-games provide a mechanism for encapsulating fairness parameters. The paper argues ethics has to be considered explicitly when developing more sophisticated autonomic systems.
Object tracking with dynamic feature graph
Authors: Feng Tang, Hai Tao
Venue: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks (2005)

Two major problems for model-based object tracking are: 1) how to represent an object so that it can effectively be discriminated with background and other objects; 2) how to dynamically update the model to accommodate the object appearance and structure changes. Traditional appearance based representations (like color histogram) fails when the object has rich texture. In this paper, we present a novel feature based object representation attributed relational graph (ARG) for reliable object tracking. The object is modeled with invariant features (SIFT) and their relationship is encoded in the form of an ARG that can effectively distinguish itself from background and other objects. We adopt a competitive and efficient dynamic model to adoptively update the object model by adding new stable features as well as deleting inactive features. A relaxation labeling method is used to match the model graph with the observation to gel the best object position. Experiments show that our method can get reliable track even under dramatic appearance changes, occlusions, etc.
A Simulation Model of the DOCSIS Protocol
Authors: Jim Martin, James Westall
Venue: Simulation (2007)

The number of households and businesses using hybrid fiber coaxial cable networks for Internet access is rapidly approaching 40 million in the United States. The cable industry has standardized on a single medium access control (MAC) and physical layer standard, the Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification (DOCSIS). The MAC layer of the emerging IEEE 802.16 broadband wireless access standard is also based upon DOCSIS. Thus, the performance of DOCSIS is now and will remain a critical element in the overall performance of shared medium broadband access networks. Despite this fact, public domain tools that may be used to assess and improve the performance of DOCSIS have been slow to emerge. To address this problem, we have implemented a simulation model of the DOCSIS MAC layer for the `ns' network simulation tool. Due to the complexity of DOCSIS and because the specifications are purposely incomplete, developing an accurate simulation is quite challenging. In this paper we present analytic and live network evidence that the simulation accurately reflects the behavior of a DOCSIS network under a limited set of workloads.
Successes of an engineering and technology institute for secondary school teachers
Authors: J. M. Conrad, V. R. Chitturi
Venue: Proceedings of the Frontiers in Education Conference, on 1995. Proceedings., 1995 - Volume 02 (1995)

The future of any country lies in the ability to use its resources to build a strong and competitive economy. The most important resources any country can count on are the young men and women still in secondary schools. By introducing students to the type of work engineers do and by showing them how the principles of science are applied in the real world, students will have a greater appreciation of science and technology. A pilot teacher training workshop was held during July 1995 at the University of Arkansas, Fayetteville. During the workshop, the teachers learned about engineering concepts and the role of engineers in society. A workbook of suggested engineering discussions and activities was developed and presented to each workshop participant. The results of an evaluation are highly encouraging.
Spectral magnitude quantization based on linear transforms for 4 kb/s speech coding
Authors: C. O. Etemoglu
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 200. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 02 (2001)

This paper presents a matching pursuits sinusoidal speech coder which incorporates new techniques including a novel vector quantization (VQ) technique used for the weighted quantization of spectral magnitude vector, and an interframe quantization of spectral magnitudes using an interpolation matrix that minimize the weighted interpolation error. The paper describes a novel vector quantization technique, wherein the quantized vector is obtained by applying a linear transformation selected from a first codebook to a codevector selected from a second codebook. The transformation is selected from a family of linear transformations, represented by a matrix codebook. Vectors in the second codebook are called residual codevectors. In order to avoid high complexity during the search for the best linear transformation, each linear transformation is assigned a representative vector, such that the search can be done employing the representative vectors. The VQ design algorithm is based on joint optimization of the linear transformation and the residual codebooks. The introduced techniques are general enough to be used in any sinusoidal speech coding scheme. In this work we incorporated the techniques into the matching pursuits sinusoidal model to achieve high quality speech using sinusoidal speech coder at 4 kbps. Subjective tests indicate that the proposed coding model at 4 kbps has quality comparable to that of G.729 at 8 kbps.
Exploring Multiple Execution Paths for Malware Analysis
Authors: Andreas Moser, Christopher Kruegel, Engin Kirda
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (2007)

Malicious code (or malware) is defined as software that fulfills the deliberately harmful intent of an attacker. Malware analysis is the process of determining the behavior and purpose of a given malware sample (such as a virus, worm, or Trojan horse). This process is a necessary step to be able to develop effective detection techniques and removal tools. Currently, malware analysis is mostly a manual process that is tedious and time-intensive. To mitigate this problem, a number of analysis tools have been proposed that automatically extract the behavior of an unknown program by executing it in a restricted environment and recording the operating system calls that are invoked. The problem of dynamic analysis tools is that only a single program execution is observed. Unfortunately, however, it is possible that certain malicious actions are only triggered under specific circumstances (e.g., on a particular day, when a certain file is present, or when a certain command is received). In this paper, we propose a system that allows us to explore multiple execution paths and identify malicious actions that are executed only when certain conditions are met. This enables us to automatically extract a more complete view of the program under analysis and identify under which circumstances suspicious actions are carried out. Our experimental results demonstrate that many malware samples show different behavior depending on input read from the environment. Thus, by exploring multiple execution paths, we can obtain a more complete picture of their actions.
Reflex Autonomicity in an Agent-Based Security System: : The Autonomic Access Control System
Authors: Sarah Eowyn Johnston, Roy Sterritt, Edward Hanna, Patricia O'Hagan
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE International Workshop on Engineering of Autonomic and Autonomous Systems (2007)

The application of the biological metaphor of the autonomic nervous system to computing has created the paradigm of Autonomic Computing, in which computer systems self-regulate by using automatic reactions to defend, optimize and heal. Agent technologies have been highlighted in the literature as particularly appropriate for the development of autonomic systems. This paper reports on an investigation of the use of the autonomic concepts of reflex autonomicity and apoptosis in the development of a multi-agent system. Findings are discussed with reference to the use of the JADE agent platform for development.
IEEE802.16/WiMAX-Based Broadband Wireless Networks: Protocol Engineering, Applications, and Services
Authors: Ekram Hossain
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth Annual Conference on Communication Networks and Services Research (2007)

IEEE 802.16/WiMAX-based broadband and mobile wireless access is expected to be a significant component in the next generation (e.g., beyond 3G, 4G) wireless systems. IEEE 802.16/WiMAX standard, which incorporates several advanced radio transmission technologies such as orthogonalfrequency division multiplexing (OFDM), adaptive modulation and coding, and adaptive forward error correction (FEC), is designed to provide broadband wireless capability using a welldefined quality-of-service (QoS) framework. Therefore, this is a promising technology for wireless services requiring highrate transmission (in the range of tens of Mbps) and strict QoS requirements in both indoor and outdoor environments. This technology is currently of big interest to researchers and practitioners involved in the design, analysis, installation, and management of mobile broadband wireless access systems and networks. The objective of this tutorial is to provide a complete overview on the IEEE 802.16/WiMAX standard and the current state-of-the-art research on the design, analysis, and optimization of IEEE802.16/WiMAX-based networks. The key technical challenges related to protocol engineering in these networks are described. The aim is to provide a survey on the emerging IEEE 802.16/WiMAX technology rather than an in-depth study on a specific protocol engineering problem. An overview of the different evolutions of the IEEE 802.16/WiMAX standard broadband wireless access (BWA) is presented and the open research issues in protocol engineering (e.g., for radio resource management, mobility support, security) are identified. A comprehensive survey on radio resource management, traffic scheduling, admission control, mobility management, and security mechanisms for IEEE 802.16/WiMAX are provided. A comparative performance study among the third-generation (3G) and the IEEE 802.16- based systems is provided. Several applications (e.g., wireless telemedicine and e-health services), services and deployment scenarios are described and the necessary protocol design and engineering issues are outlined.
Automatically Mapping Sequential Objects to Concurrent Objects: The Mutual Exclusion Problem
Authors: David L. Sims, Debra A. Hensgen
Venue: Proceedings of the 1993 International Conference on Parallel Processing - Volume 02 (1993)

We show how to automatically map an object, given its sequential implemenfation, to a concurrent object with no points of interference. Automation is needed because without if programmers must determine where mutual exclusion is needed, where synchronization is needed, and how to ensure liveness, fairness, and absence of deadlock.
A new bridge between faculty and students: students teaching faculty to integrate the student knowledge of information technology into their instruction
Authors: Y. Horvath
Venue: Proceedings of the 30th Annual Frontiers in Education - Volume 02 (2000)

Students are increasingly aware that the faculty are keeping up with the rapid change of information technology at a much slower pace than the student body. The Science and Technology Wing (STWing), a student-run living-learning program at the University of Pennsylvania, has taken on the initiative to create and develop an information technology course for faculty to close this gap. Many benefits for both students and faculty are expected from this experimental program. As a result of their participation in this course, it is expected that faculty will more efficiently make use of the resources that are already available to them. In addition, they will be able to critically and adequately integrate the students' information technology knowledge as tools in their instruction. Undertaking this challenge is expected to enhance the growth and maturation of participating students. Having stepped into the role of "teacher", the students gain insight into the pedagogy and henceforth become better "learners". Surveys will assess the faculty needs and the STWing student members teaching potential. The program will start in March 2000. The paper presents the initial evaluation of the program.
Scenary Reconstruction with Monocular Vision and Genetic Algorithms
Authors: Monica Perez-Meza, Rodrigo Montufar-Chaveznava, Ivo H. Pineda-Torres
Venue: Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Electronics, Communications and Computers (2007)

When reconstructing a scenario, it is necessary to know the structure of the elements present on the scene to have an interpretation of the world. In this work we employ vision stereo principles to carry out 3D scenes reconstruction through evolutionary algorithms. Vision stereo usually requires of two cameras, making an analogy to the mammalian vision system, and then it allows the reconstruction of a scene from the couple of images of the scene and performing some computational operations. In this work we employ only a camera, which is translated along a path, capturing images every certain distance. As we can not perform all computations required for an exhaustive reconstruction, we employ an evolutionary algorithm to partially reconstruct the scene. The algorithm employed is the fly algorithm, which employ "flies to reconstruct the principal characteristics of the world following certain evolutionary rules.
Map element extraction model for pedestrian route guidance map
Authors: T. Osaragi, S. Onozuka
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE International Conference on Cognitive Informatics (2005)

A model that can generate compact and intelligible route guidance maps is essential for distributing efficient information on pedestrian route guidance through mobile terminals. In this research, we focus on the fact that the existing route guidance maps have been prepared by considering the characteristics of people's spatial cognition. By analyzing which roads and buildings are represented in existing maps, i.e., which map elements are important and necessary for pedestrian route guidance, we construct a model that can extract key map elements from the geographical database. The route guidance maps generated by the proposed model are shown and evaluated in comparison with the existing maps.
Estimation in cellular radio systems
Authors: J. Blom
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1999. on 1999 IEEE International Conference - Volume 05 (1999)

The problem to track time-varying parameters in cellular radio systems is studied, and the focus is on estimation based only on the signals that are readily available. Previous work have demonstrated very good performance, but were relying on analog measurement that are not available. Most of the information is lost due to quantization and sampling at a rate that might be as low as 2 Hz (GSM case). For that matter a maximum likelihood estimator have been designed and exemplified in the case of GSM. Simulations indicate good performance both when most parameters are varying slowly, and when subject to fast variations as in realistic cases. Since most computations take place in the base stations, the estimator is ready for implementation in a second generation wireless system. No update of the software in the mobile stations is needed.
Roaming: Technologies for a Connected Society
Authors: Vinny Cahill, Siobhan Clarke
Venue: IEEE Internet Computing (2007)

We live in a truly connected society, at least in the Western world. The challenge now,therefore, isn't to provide connectivity but to retain it as users roam, potentially betweenunfamiliar and heterogeneous environments.
Internet clean-slate design: what and why?
Authors: Anja Feldmann
Venue: ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review (2007)

Many believe that it is impossible to resolve the challenges facing today's Internet without rethinking the fundamental assumptions and design decisions underlying its current architecture. Therefore, a major research effort has been initiated on the topic of Clean Slate Design of the Internet's architecture. In this paper we first give an overview of the challenges that a future Internet has to address and then discuss approaches for finding possible solutions, including Clean Slate Design. Next, we discuss how such solutions can be evaluated and how they can be retrofitted into the current Internet. Then, we briefly outline the upcoming research activities both in Europe and the U. S. Finally, we end with a perspective on how network and service operators may benefit from such an initiative.
Balloon Views of Source Code and Their Multiscalable Font Modes
Authors: Chun-Cheng Lin, Hsu-Chun Yen
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference Information Visualization (2007)

The majority of program editors available on the market support the view of a directory-explorer style to display only those code lines of interest. Among them, the fisheye and the fractal views of source code (in which each line has a value reflecting the degree of interest and importance) have received a lot of attention in the literature. In information visualization, drawing trees based on fractal theory also plays an interesting role as the so-called balloon drawing of hierarchical data includes two models: the fractal and the SNS (subtrees with nonuniform sizes) models. It is therefore natural to consider a new source code visualization style based on the SNS model of balloon drawing. A main feature of the SNS view is that the value of each line reflects the number of its descendants when the source code is viewed as a tree structure. Unlike the view of a directoryexplorer style, the multiscalable font mode (which was originally utilized in the fractal view of source code) displays all the lines in such a way that each line has the font size proportional to its value. In this paper, we investigate various issues concerning the multiscalable font modes of the fisheye, the fractal, and the SNS views of source code, in hope of providing guidelines for the programmer to better comprehend the program code in practice.
An approach to integrating shape and biomedical attributes in vascular models
Authors: Jie Li, William C. Regli, Wei Sun
Venue: Computer-Aided Design (2007)

Computational models have been used widely in tissue engineering research and have proven to be powerful tools for bio-mechanical analysis (i.e., blood flow, growth models, drug delivery, etc). This paper focuses on developing higher-fidelity models for vascular structures and blood vessels that integrate computational shape representations with biomedical properties and features. Previous work in computer-aided vascular modeling comes from two communities. For those in biomedical imaging, the goal of past research has been to develop image understanding techniques for the interpretation of x-ray, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or other radiological data. These representations are predominantly discrete shape models that are not tied to physiological properties. The other corpus of existing work comes from those interested in developing physiological models for vascular growth and behavior based on bio-medical attributes. These models usually either have a highly simplified shape representation, or lack one entirely. Further, neither of these representations are suitable for the kind of interactive modeling required by tissue engineering applications. This paper aims to bridge these two approaches and develop a set of mathematical tools and algorithms for feature-based representation and computer-aided modeling of vascular trees for use in computer-aided tissue engineering applications. The paper offers a multi-scale representation based on swept volumes and a feature-based representation that can attribute the geometric representation with information about blood flow, pressure, and other biomedical properties. The paper shows how the resulting representation can be used as part of an overall approach for designing and visualizing vascular scaffolds. As a real-world example, we show how this computational model can be used to develop a tissue scaffold for liver tissue engineering. Such scaffolds may prove useful in a number of biomedical applications, including the growth of replacement tissue grafts and in vitro study of the pharmacological affects of new drugs on tissue cultures.
Parallel history matching and associated forecast at the center for interactive smart oilfield technologies
Authors: Ken-Ichi Nomura, Rajiv K. Kalia, Aiichiro Nakano, Priya Vashishta, Jorge L. Landa
Venue: The Journal of Supercomputing (2007)

We have developed a parallel and distributed computing framework to solve an inverse problem, which involves massive data sets and is of great importance to petroleum industry. A Monte Carlo method, combined with proxies to avoid excessive data processing, is employed to identify reservoir simulation models that best match the oilfield production history. Subsequently, the selected models are used to forecast future productions with uncertainty estimates. The parallelization framework combines: (1) message passing for tightly coupled intra-simulation decomposition; and (2) scheduler/Grid remote procedure calls for model parameter sweeps. A preliminary numerical test has included 3,159 simulations on a 256-processor Intel Xeon cluster at the USC-CACS. The results provide uncertainty estimates of unprecedented precision.
Hop selection in peer-to-peer WPAN networks
Authors: M. Khansari, J. Homer
Venue: Proceedings of the The 8th International Conference on Communication Systems - Volume 02 (2002)

Currently, wireless technology is revolutionizing the way we share information and communicate. The demands for mobility have made wireless technology the primary source for voice communication. Code-division multiple-access (CDMA) is a very popular spread spectrum application due to its claims of low transmission power, higher system capacity, ability to mitigate multipath fading and user interference. In that case, frequency-hopping code-division multiple access (FH-CDMA) has received considerable attention over the past few years. This technique will allow a better performance over a fading channel, message privacy, and immunity to narrowband interference. This paper addresses the characteristics of FH-CDMA in WPAN networks, with an emphasis on frequency-hopped Bluetooth systems. A performance evaluation of FH-CDMA is discussed and simulated. The analysis shows the interaction between the designed parameters and their effect on the network system. Most specifically, the FH-CDMA scheme provides frequency and temporal diversity to combat the effects of interference.