ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
A Reflection-Based Framework for Content Validation
Authors: Lars-Helge Netland, Yngve Espelid, Khalid A. Mughal
Venue: Proceedings of the The Second International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security (2007)

Attacks embedded in application-level data have become one of the most successful ways to circumvent software security. Skilled hackers capitalize on misplaced trust by concealing their malicious code within a seemingly innocuous stream of application data. In systems that do not perform the most elementary data checks, even unintentional user mistakes may cause a program to behave unexpectedly or crash. Any distributed software system with potentially untrustworthy sources of input should design and implement a mechanism to inspect application-level data. Such a solution should defend against mischievous attacks, as well as be robust enough to handle user slip-ups. Important steps in creating a successful validation regime include specifying what input to accept, and translating that policy into working code. Once in production, the validation routine must be adaptable in order to accommodate continuously changing requirements. This paper describes a reflection-based framework for content validation. It separates the inspection of data from the application logic, making it more feasible to construct and maintain a meaningful set of validation rules. The framework is flexible and can be integrated into almost any distributed object-oriented software system. Deployment only requires a basic understanding of XML and expects developers to create a trust model of their own software architecture.
Recovering the Basic Structure of Human Activities from a Video-Based Symbol String
Authors: Kris M. Kitani, Yoichi Sato, Akihiro Sugimoto
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE Workshop on Motion and Video Computing (2007)

In recent years stochastic context-free grammars have been shown to be effective in modeling human activities because of the hierarchical structures they represent. However, most of the research in this area has yet to address the issue of learning the activity grammars from a noisy input source, namely, video. In this paper, we present a framework for identifying noise and recovering the basic activity grammar from a noisy symbol string produced by video. We identify the noise symbols by finding the set of non-noise symbols that optimally compresses the training data, where the optimality of compression is measured using an MDL criterion. We show the robustness of our system to noise and its effectiveness in learning the basic structure of human activity, through an experiment with real video from a local convenience store.
Feedback Control Theoretic Technique for Data Centers
Authors: Wael Hosny Fouad Aly, Hanan Lutfiyya
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Autonomic and Autonomous Systems (2007)

One challenge associated with developing autonomic systems is that the system has multiple elements that should be autonomic but must also interoperate with each other. This paper addresses this problem within the context of dynamic resource allocation within a data center based on control-theoretic techniques.
The relationship between interest in evaluating an application of information technology and organizational culture
Authors: Tom Browdy
Venue:  (2006)

The role of culture in the early phases of the information technology assessment and adoption process has largely been ignored in the body of literature surrounding IT adoption. This research proposes that interest in evaluating an application of IT is related to a person's interpretation of his/her organization's culture. It is based on the premise that both organizations and applications of IT are embedded with a set of cultural beliefs and assumptions about the kind of problems that need to be solved and the best way to go about solving those problems. We hypothesized that the similarities and differences between those embedded sets of beliefs and assumptions have a direct influence on a person's interest in evaluating the application of IT. We found strong direct relationships between interest in evaluating externally focused IT and both current and preferred externally focused cultures. Particularly between a person's preferences for management and leadership aspects of culture that are externally focused. We also found that externally focused IT generally garner more interest than internally focused IT. Finally, regardless of their culture assessment, we also found that people who consider themselves to be innovative, and those that have been with a company longer, generally report more interest in IT in general. Additional future research is strongly suggested along these lines.
Reliability computer-aided design tool for full-chip electromigration analysis and comparison with different interconnect metallizations
Authors: Syed M. Alam, Chee Lip Gan, Carl V. Thompson, Donald E. Troxel
Venue: Microelectronics Journal (2007)

We have developed a set of methodologies for thermal aware circuit-level reliability analysis with either Al or Cu metallization in a circuit layout and implemented it in a public domain reliability CAD tool, SysRel. SysRel utilizes a hierarchical reliability analysis flow, with interconnect trees treated as the fundamental reliability unit, that sufficiently captures the differences in electromigration failure between Al and Cu metallizations. Under similar test conditions, the electromigration reliability of Al and Cu interconnect trees demonstrates significant differences because of the differences in interconnect architectural schemes. Using the best estimates of material parameters and an analytical model, we present a detail comparison of electromigration reliability of a sample test-structure as well as of actual circuit layouts with Al and Cu dual-damascene interconnect systems. We also demonstrate fast thermal-analysis in SysRel for circuit performance driven chip-level reliability assessment.
International, multidisciplinary design education
Authors: T. R. Phillips
Venue: Proceedings of the 28th Annual Frontiers in Education - Volume 01 (1998)

Evolving out of a SUCCEED NSF Engineering Education Coalition project in "Vertically Integrated Design", a comprehensive program involving students from several different engineering majors working in collaboration with students in another part of the world has been built upon the foundation of a traditional aerospace engineering capstone design sequence. The design program described mixes seniors in five different engineering majors with an equal number of underclassmen of all levels in a design team which is both "vertically" and "horizontally" integrated. Working in parallel with a team of engineering design students in another country, these students design a general aviation aircraft over a two semester period. The international collaboration includes an exchange of visits between students and faculty at the participating universities. Strategies for program implementation and for dealing with its problems are discussed. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
1-D and 2-D minimum and non-minimum phase retrieval by solving linear systems of equations
Authors: A. E. Yagle
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 03 (1996)

The discrete phase retrieval problem is to reconstruct a discrete-time signal whose support is known and compact from the magnitude of its discrete Fourier transform. We assume knowledge of some values of the signal, e.g. bands of zeros or known values, and solve the problem by solving linear systems of equations. No rooting of polynomials or tracking zero curves of algebraic functions (both very expensive computationally and unstable numerically) is required. Not only is our method much simpler computationally than previous methods, but it also allows the use of total least squares type techniques to be applied to the linear systems of equations, so that noisy data can be handled.
A floating-point to integer C converter with shift reduction for fixed-point digital signal processors
Authors: Ki-Il Kum
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1999. on 1999 IEEE International Conference - Volume 04 (1999)

A floating-point to integer C program translator is developed for convenient programming and efficient use of fixed-point programmable digital signal processors (DSPs). It not only converts data types and supports automatic scaling, but also conducts shift optimization to enhance execution speed. Since the input and output of this translator are ANSI C compliant programs, it can be used for any fixed-point DSP that supports ANSI C compiler. A shift reduction method is developed for minimizing the scaling overhead of translated integer C programs. It considers the data-path of a target processor and profiling results. Using the shift reduction method, 4% to 37% speedup is obtained. The translated integer C codes are 20 to 400 times faster than the floating-point versions when applied to TMS320C50, TMS320C60 and Motorola 56000 DSPs.
Usability Evaluation of a Mobile Medical Information System for Military Physicians
Authors: Shengnan Han, Franck Tetard, Ville Harkke, Mikael Collan
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (2007)

A mobile medical information system, developed primarily for the purposes of civilian medicine, is expanded to be used in military medicine. A usability study with 7 military physicians at the Finnish Defense Forces was conducted in field conditions in December 2005. Their evaluation of the characteristics and the features of the system, and properties and the features of the mobile device-Nokia 9210 Communicator were investigated. The results show that both the mobile system and the device have some degree of readiness for military medicine. Further usability improvements of the system and the device are discussed.
VR-Orientated 3D Modeling and Visualization of Pseudo-Classic Building Complex
Authors: Zhiqiang Du, Dongbo Zhou, Lihua Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Artificial Reality and Telexistence--Workshops (2006)

The architectural technology and art of the timber-frame buildings are precious wealth in the Chinese cultural heritage; however there are a few relics in China and even a few literal records about that. Using the VR-orientated 3D modeling technology to reconstruct the ancient buildings is a critical approach for researching and protecting the historic relics. The LOD-CAD modeling measures those 4 discrete LOD models are established for every building is discussed particularly, and models are decomposed into several appropriate parts according to the structural feature of the buildings and limitation of data quantity. The discrete models are organized in LOD-R-tree spatial index, and a strategy of minimizing the change of rendering state is addressed for obtaining interactive frame rate. For improving the image quality of rendering GPU-based shaders are developed, and occlusion culling, DDS texture format, and Vertex Buffer Object are employed to raise rendering efficiency.
The Impact of Certification Criteria on Integrated COTS-Based Systems
Authors: M. Kelkar, R. Perry, R. Gamble, A. Walvekar
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth International IEEE Conference on Commercial-off-the-Shelf (COTS)-Based Software Systems (2007)

While COTS products can be made secure and reliable within a individual domains, they may introduce security vulnerabilities when integrated with other components due to different security expectations. These problematic interactions within an integrated system can be hidden among the multiple, contributing policy types. Furthermore, security certification criteria governing the integrated system can introduce conflicts with local component policies. Security policies and certification criteria lack a common representation. Security policies use various formats and levels of granularity without comparable attributes. Certification criteria are often text-based checklists. We outline a policy configuration model to represent security policies in a format which can manifest conflicting properties across policy specifications. The model defines security policies according to fundamental attributes of property assertions, observable behaviors, mechanisms, constraints, communication and interaction expectations, dependencies on other policies, system configuration, and component state. We extend model expression concepts to incorporate requirements based on common certification criteria.
A more efficient and optimal LLR for decoding and verification
Authors: S. Doshita
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1999. on 1999 IEEE International Conference - Volume 02 (1999)

We propose a new confidence score for decoding and verification. Since the traditional log likelihood ratio (LLR) is borrowed from speaker verification technique, it may not be appropriate for decoding because we do not have a good modelling and definition of LLR for decoding/utterance verification. We have proposed a new formulation of LLR that can be used for decoding and verification task. Experimental results show that our proposed LLR can perform equally well compared with the result based on maximum likelihood in a decoding task. Also, we get an 5% improvement in decoding compared with traditional LLR.
Resource management for distributed real-time systems
Authors: Prashant Shenoy, Krithi Ramamritham
Venue:  (2006)

Recent advances in embedded sensor systems and wireless technologies have made it possible to conceive a new type of real-time application---distributed real-time sensor systems. Examples of such systems include surveillance applications, distributed industrial control systems, disaster response systems and robotic applications, just to name a few. In addition to the requirements of providing temporal guarantees, these distributed embedded systems are normally associated with extreme resource constraints, both in computation and communication. In this dissertation, we investigate some of the fundamental resource management problems that arise in the design and development of distributed real-time sensor systems. We consider a scenario in which a team of robots collaborating with each other to rescue people from a building on fire. The coordinated behavior is achieved by assigning a set of control tasks, or strategies, to robots in a team. At each step, the application may have many functionally equivalent strategies, though some of them may not be feasible, given limited resource and time availability. In order to accomplish dynamic feasibility checking and improve system performance, we propose efficient resource allocation mechanisms. Our approaches not only minimize the communication cost, but also minimize and balance the workload of each processor, resulting in good performance with regards to system schedulability and feasibility. With respect to real-time communication in sensor applications, each message will traverse multiple hops from the source to the destination with an end-to-end deadline. In order to provide timeliness guarantees, a key challenge is to bound the delay and prioritize per-hop transmission. However, existing wireless protocols such as 802.11 families may suffer from unpredictable delays, due to collision, back-off and false blocking problems. In this study, after showing that the problem of scheduling all wireless transmissions to meet deadlines is NP-hard, we derive effective deadline for each per-hop transmission and schedule the most urgent message. We develop novel algorithms to parallelize message transmissions. By carefully exploiting spatial reuse property and avoiding collisions, the deadline misses are minimized. Extensive simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of our approaches, especially under high channel contention environments.
Modeling and Application of Virtual Machine Tool
Authors: Weiqing Lin, Jianzhong Fu
Venue: Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Artificial Reality and Telexistence--Workshops (2006)

The recent years of the 21th Century are associated with the advent of virtual reality technologies for modern industry and manufacturing engineering. Virtual Machine Tool Technology is given to design, test, control and machine parts in a virtual reality environment. This paper presents the methods to model and simulate the virtual machine tools in response to change in the machining requirements. Specifically, a set of module combination rules and a modeling method of the structure of machine tools using connectivity graph are developed. By this way virtual machine tool is implemented. The developed virtual machine tool can be efficiently used for industry training and machine leaning and operating.
Continuous-Time Multifunctional Filters with Wide Bandwidth Using Universal Voltage Conveyors
Authors: Martin Minarcik, Kamil Vrba
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Networking (2007)

In this paper, three second-order multifunctional filters using universal voltage conveyor -- UVC as an active element are presented. The first and second have a configuration with three inputs and one output that can realize highpass, bandpass lowpass and allpass filters. The third have a configuration with single input and six outputs using three UVCs that can realize highpass, bandpass and lowpass filter.
An implementation study of a detection-based adaptive block replacement scheme
Authors: Jongmoo Choi, Sam H. Noh, Sang Lyul Min, Yookun Cho
Venue: Proceedings of the annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference (1999)

In this paper, we propose a new adaptive buffer management scheme called DEAR (DEtection based Adaptive Replacement) that automatically detects the block reference patterns of applications and applies different replacement policies to different applications based on the detected reference pattern. The proposed DEAR scheme uses a periodic process. Detection is made by associating block attribute values such as backward distance and frequency gathered at the (i - 1)-th invocation with forward distances of blocks referenced between the (i - 1)-th and i-th invocations. We implemented the DEAR scheme in FreeBSD 2.2.5 and measured its performance using several real applications. The results show that compared with the LRU buffer management scheme, the proposed scheme reduces the number of disk I/Os by up to 51% (with an average of 23%) and the response time by up to 35% (with an average of 12%) in the case of single application executions. For multiple applications, the proposed scheme reduces the number of disk I/Os by up to 20% (with an average of 12%) and the over-all response time by up to 18% (with an average of 8%).
Hybrid image classification and parameter selection using a shared memory parallel algorithm
Authors: Rhonda D. Phillips, Layne T. Watson, Randolph H. Wynne
Venue: Computers Geosciences (2007)

This work presents a shared memory parallel version of the hybrid classification algorithm IGSCR (iterative guided spectral class rejection) to facilitate the transition from serial to parallel processing. This transition is motivated by a demonstrated need for more computing power driven by the increasing size of remote sensing data sets due to higher resolution sensors, larger study regions, and the like. Parallel IGSCR was developed to produce fast and portable code using Fortran 95, OpenMP, and the Hierarchical Data Format version 5 (HDF5) and accompanying data access library. The intention of this work is to provide an efficient implementation of the established IGSCR classification algorithm. The applicability of the faster parallel IGSCR algorithm is demonstrated by classifying Landsat data covering most of Virginia, USA into forest and non-forest classes with approximately 90% accuracy. Parallel results are given using the SGI Altix 3300 shared memory computer and the SGI Altix 3700 with as many as 64 processors reaching speedups of almost 77. Parallel IGSCR allows an analyst to perform and assess multiple classifications to refine parameters. As an example, parallel IGSCR was used for a factorial analysis consisting of 42 classifications of a 1.2GB image to select the number of initial classes (70) and class purity (70%) used for the remaining two images.
Design and evaluation of an augmented reality welding helmet: Research Articles
Authors: M. Park, L. Schmidt, C. Schlick, H. Luczak
Venue: Human Factors in Ergonomics Manufacturing (2007)

The article describes the development and ergonomic evaluation of an augmented reality (AR) welding helmet. The system provides an augmented user interface with supporting information relevant to the welding process. The experimental studies focused on hand&ndash;eye coordination of welders and nonwelders with two prototypes of the augmented reality welding helmet. The first prototype operated at 16 frames per second, whereas the second, improved version had 20 frames per second. In addition, the hand&ndash;eye coordination while wearing the welding helmet with video see-through head-mounted display was compared to a performance with natural vision, without any helmet. Experimental results showed significant influence of helmet and occupation on hand&ndash;eye coordination. Subjective assessment revealed better rating for stereo perception for the system with the higher frame rate, whereas no significant difference in performance was found between the two frame rates. &copy; 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Hum Factors Man 17: 317&ndash;330, 2007.
Research on Simulation of Soft Tissue Deformation in Virtual Orthodontics
Authors: Ji Feng
Venue: Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Artificial Reality and Telexistence--Workshops (2006)

Soft tissue deformation has become bottle-neckt in Visual Surgery technique. Based on the review of the current deformation methods and the analysis of soft tissue biology mechanics characteristic, the simple style mass-spring model is applied to soft tissue deformation in orthodontic simulation. In order to improve Algorithm complexity, a simplification mass-spring system dynamic equation is established and an effective equations solution method are presented. In the method, good data structure is presented based on the feature of STL teeth model. Computation quantity and accuracy are controlled by using pervasion depth. Experiments show that it can stimulate the deformation change in real time and the display result is vivid.