ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
The MAGIC Touch: Combining MAGIC-Pointing with a Touch-Sensitive Mouse
Authors: Heiko Drewes, Albrecht Schmidt
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th IFIP TC 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Part II (2009)

In this paper, we show how to use the combination of eye-gaze and a touch-sensitive mouse to ease pointing tasks in graphical user interfaces. A touch of the mouse positions the mouse pointer at the current gaze position of the user. Thus, the pointer is always at the position where the user expects it on the screen. This approach changes the user experience in tasks that include frequent switching between keyboard and mouse input (e.g. working with spreadsheets). In a user study, we compared the touch-sensitive mouse with a traditional mouse and observed speed improvements for pointing tasks on complex backgrounds. For pointing task on plain backgrounds, performances with both devices were similar, but users perceived the gaze-sensitive interaction of the touch-sensitive mouse as being faster and more convenient. Our results show that using a touch-sensitive mouse that positions the pointer on the user's gaze position reduces the need for mouse movements in pointing tasks enormously.
Development of Non-contact Surface Roughness Measurement in Last Decades
Authors: XiaoMei Xu, Hong Hu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation - Volume 01 (2009)

Surface roughness measurement is widely required in the quality assurance of manufacturing processes. And a number of surface roughness measurement methods have been developed since long ago. This paper introduces four kind typical non-contact measurement methods, which have been widely investigated in the last decades for precise measurement. They are microscopes methods, interferometry methods, diffraction methods, and methods based on scattering modeling. Methods of each kind are reviewed, furthermore the advantages and disadvantages of each kind are analyzed.
A Closed-Form Solution for Image Sequence Segmentation with Dynamical Shape Priors
Authors: Frank R. Schmidt, Daniel Cremers
Venue: Proceedings of the 31st DAGM Symposium on Pattern Recognition (2009)

In this paper, we address the problem of image sequence segmentation with dynamical shape priors. While existing formulations are typically based on hard decisions, we propose a formalism which allows to reconsider all segmentations of past images. Firstly, we prove that the marginalization over all (exponentially many) reinterpretations of past measurements can be carried out in closed form. Secondly, we prove that computing the optimal segmentation at time t given all images up to t and a dynamical shape prior amounts to the optimization of a convex energy and can therefore optimized globally. Experimental results confirm that for large amounts of noise, the proposed reconsideration of past measurements improves the performance of the tracking method.
An Improved Tabu Search (ITS) Algorithm Based on Open Cover Theory for Global Extremums
Authors: Kemal Yüksek, Serhat Cakaloglu
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Machine Learning and Data Mining in Pattern Recognition (2009)

In this study, a new improved Tabu Search (ITS) algorithm with an open-cover approach is presented for solving global optimization of multimodal functions which have continuous or discrete variables. The method uses open sets covering the wide domain of possible solutions which are constructed by a specific metric. Instead of dealing with individual elements, these special open sets are considered. To demonstrate the speed and memory effectiveness of ITS applied to continuous global optimization are tested in detail by using classical multimodal functions for which minima are known. It has been point out that, ITS collects both the advantages of Tabu Search and Genetic algorithms together. So, the speed, flexibility, applicability have been improved.
A Note on the Complexity of the Satisfiability Problem for Graded Modal Logics
Authors: Yevgeny Kazakov, Ian Pratt-Hartmann
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 24th Annual IEEE Symposium on Logic In Computer Science (2009)

Graded modal logic is the formal language obtained from ordinary modal logic by endowing its modal operators with cardinality constraints. Under the familiar possible-worlds semantics, these augmented modal operators receive interpretations such as "It is true at no fewer than 15 accessible worlds that...", or "It is true at no more than 2 accessible worlds that...". We investigate the complexity of satisfiability for this language over some familiar classes of frames. This problem is more challenging than its ordinary modal logic counterpart---especially in the case of transitive frames, where graded modal logic lacks the tree-model property. We obtain tight complexity bounds for the problem of determining the satisfiability of a given graded modal logic formula over the classes of frames characterized by any combination of reflexivity, seriality, symmetry, transitivity and the Euclidean property.
Promoting Metacognition in Immersive Cultural Learning Environments
Authors: H. Chad Lane
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Part IV: Interacting in Various Application Domains (2009)

Metacognition, defined as active control over cognitive processes during learning, is a critical component in the development of intercultural competence. Progression through stages of intercultural development requires self-assessment, self-monitoring, predictive, planning, and reflection skills. Modern virtual learning environments now provide a level of immersion that enable meaningful practice of cultural skills, both in terms of visual and experiential fidelity. This paper discusses their potential role in intercultural training, and the use of intelligent tutoring and experience manipulation techniques to support metacognitive and intercultural development. Techniques for adapting the behaviors of virtual humans to promote cultural learning are discussed along with the role of explicit feedback. The paper concludes with several suggestions for future research, including the use of existing intercultural development metrics for evaluating learning in immersive environments and on the balance between implicit and explicit feedback to establish optimal conditions for acquiring intercultural competence.
Group-membership recognition methods based on confidence boundaries and their testing in clinical oncology
Authors: Yu. I. Petunin, D. A. Klyushin, E. N. Golubeva, L. A. Naleskina, L. N. Kunskaya, V. F. Chekhun
Venue: Cybernetics and Systems Analysis (2009)

Confidence intervals are constructed for an unknown correlation coefficient and mathematical expectation using 3s 1 and 2s 1 rules. The intervals make it possible to solve the problem of statistical analysis of the dependence between different random variables. The results obtained are used to analyze the correlation between the content of homocysteine and various clinical indices.
Proceedings of the ACM SIGKDD Workshop on Human Computation
Authors: Paul Bennett, Raman Chandrasekar, Max Chickering, Panos Ipeirotis, Edith Law, Anton Mityagin, Foster Provost, Luis von Ahn
Venue: International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (2009)

Most research in data mining and knowledge discovery relies heavily on the availability of datasets. With the rapid growth of user generated content on the internet, there is now an abundance of sources from which data can be drawn. Compared to the amount of work in the field on techniques for pattern discovery and knowledge extraction, there has been relatively little effort directed at the study of effective methods for collecting and evaluating the quality of data. Human computation is a new research area that studies the process of channeling the vast internet population to perform tasks or provide data towards solving difficult problems that no known efficient computer algorithms can yet solve. There are various genres of human computation applications available today. Games with a purpose (e.g., the ESP Game) specifically target online gamers who, in the process of playing an enjoyable game, generate useful data (e.g., image tags). Crowdsourcing marketplaces (e.g. Amazon Mechanical Turk) are human computation applications that coordinate workers to perform tasks in exchange for monetary rewards. In identity verification tasks, users need to perform some computation in order to access some online content; a recent example of such a human computation application is reCAPTCHA, which leverages millions of users who solve CAPTCHAs every day to correct words in books that optical character recognition (OCR) programs fail to recognize with certainty. While there has been active work in this area, there is no dedicated forum to discuss these research ideas. The Human Computation Workshop (HCOMP 2009), held in conjunction with the 15th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (KDD), is the first workshop bringing together academic and industry researchers to discuss existing human computation applications and future directions of this new subject area. An integral part of this workshop is a demo session where participants can showcase their human computation applications. Our call for papers resulted in 33 high-quality submissions from a wide variety of perspectives. All papers were thoroughly reviewed by the program committee and external reviewers. Given the short, half-day duration of the workshop, only one-third of the submissions could be accommodated and appear in the proceedings. The accepted papers have been divided into four sessions: "Games", "Human Computation In Practice", "Game Theory" and "Labeling Cost and Efficiency".
Introduction to Programming with C++, 2nd edition
Authors: Y. Daniel Liang
Venue:  (2009)

This solid foundation in the basics of C++ programming will allow readers to create efficient, elegant code ready for any production environment. KEY TOPICS: Introduction to Computers, Programs, and C++; Elementary Programming; Selections; Loops; Function Basics; Advanced Function Features; Single-Dimensional Arrays; Multidimensional Arrays; Objects and Classes; Class Design; Pointers and Dynamic Memory Management; Templates and Vectors; File I/O; Operator Overloading; Inheritance and Polymorphism; Exception Handling; Recursion; Algorithm Efficiency; Sorting; Linked Lists, Stacks, and Queues. The following bonus chapters are on the books Web site: Binary Search Trees; STL Containers; STL Algorithms; Graphs and Applications; Weighted Graphs and Applications; AVL Trees and Splay Trees. MARKET: Ideal for beginning programmers. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
A methodology for evaluating test coverage criteria of high levelPetri nets
Authors: Junhua Ding, Peter J. Clarke, Gonzalo Argote-Garcia, Xudong He
Venue: Information and Software Technology (2009)

High level Petri nets have been extensively used for modeling concurrent systems; however, their strong expressive power reduces their ability to be easily analyzed. Currently there are few effective formal analysis techniques to support the validation of high level Petri nets. The executable nature of high level Petri nets means that during validation they can be analyzed using test criteria defined on the net model. Recently, theoretical test adequacy coverage criteria for concurrent systems using high level Petri nets have been proposed. However, determining the applicability of these test adequacy criteria has not yet been undertaken. In this paper, we present an approach for evaluating the proposed test adequacy criteria for high level Petri nets through experimentation. In our experiments we use the simulation functionality of the model checker SPIN to analyze various test coverage criteria on high level Petri nets.
Redundant, Autonomous Decentralized Control System for Super High Power Motor Drive
Authors: Jinghe Shi, Shuanghui Hao, Zili Tang, Minghui Hao
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation - Volume 02 (2009)

Super high power motor control is confined by the control method and structure, which currently is centralized control method. This method requires corresponding super high power supply, which is the obstacle of this issue. In this paper, an autonomous decentralized system for super high power motor is, for the first time, proposed. As a first step, the architecture of the autonomous control model was analyzed, and then the fault-tolerance configuration was designed. An experimental system was built and the designed algorithm was implemented and evaluated on the test bench. The system we proposed is supposed to be highly fault-tolerant and allowing the distributed power transmission which can reduce the burden of the power supply. The test results confirmed the validity of the proposed system.
A comparison model for agile web frameworks
Authors: José Ignacio Fernández-Villamor, Laura Díaz-Casillas, Carlos Á. Iglesias
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 Euro American Conference on Telematics and Information Systems (2008)

Nowadays, web development is one of the main activities in software development, with a wide array of tools that make it difficult for developers to deal with its heterogeneity. The appearance of Ruby on Rails has brought a new paradigm to current web development frameworks, and has shown how an agile web development framework can simplify the development process, with a considerable productivity increment. There are several Java-based alternatives to Ruby on Rails, such as Grails, Roma, Trails, JBoss Seam or Sails, with different approaches to the reuse of previous Java frameworks and technologies. This paper proposes a comparison model for agile web frameworks to facilitate developers the selection of the most suitable for each case. This paper reviews the state of the art of agile web frameworks. Afterwards, a comparison model based on a set of evaluation criteria is defined for web framework evaluation. Finally, the model is applied to the most popular web frameworks.
A qualitative approach to multiple fault isolation in continuous systems
Authors: Matthew Daigle, Xenofon Koutsoukos, Gautam Biswas
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1 (2007)

The multiple fault diagnosis problem is important, since the single fault assumption can lead to incorrect or failed diagnoses when multiple faults occur. It is challenging for continuous systems, because faults can mask or compensate each other's effects, and the solution space grows exponentially with the number of possible faults. We present a qualitative approach to multiple fault isolation in dynamic systems based on analysis of fault transient behavior. Our approach uses the observed measurement deviations and their temporal orderings to generate multiple fault hypotheses. The approach has polynomial space requirements and prunes diagnoses, resulting in an efficient online fault isolation scheme.
A Real-Time Extension of Creol for Modelling Biomedical Sensors
Authors: Marcel Kyas, Einar Broch Johnsen
Venue: Formal Methods for Components and Objects: 7th International Symposium, FMCO 2008, Sophia Antipolis, France, October 21-23, 2008, Revised Lectures (2009)

This paper presents work on object-oriented modelling of wireless biomedical sensors in order to analyse their behaviour. These sensors combine synchronous and asynchronous communication, hard and soft real-time requirements, and have limited resources in terms of memory and energy. Moreover, design decisions tend to influence the validity of other requirements; e.g., higher communication throughput increases energy requirements. A single language is proposed in which design concerns can be expressed and analysed. This language is an extension for real-time systems of Creol, a modelling language specifically designed for distributed, asynchronously communicating, active objects. The extension proposes language primitives to capture requirements on the progress of time and the progress of the system. We integrate the timing requirements and the underlying object-oriented modelling language in a timed denotational semantics. The controller of a biomedical sensor node is used to illustrate the approach, for which there are both hard real-time requirements imposed by taking sensor measurements and soft requirements imposed by the communication network.
What Can Be Taught: Part I
Authors: Roger C. Schank
Venue: eLearn (2009)

Not everything we would like to teach can be taught. Similarly, not everything we would like to learn can be learned, especially if we are taking the wrong approach to learning. In a previous column, I discussed things that can't be taught. Here I discuss what can be taught. In this two-part article, I discuss the kinds of thing we can learn. I consider how we can best approach learning by listing 16 types of learning. There may be more, but those 16 will at least cover enough ground to describe how human learning looks. The types of learning are divided into four groups: 1) conscious processes, which I will cover here in Part I, 2) subconscious processes, 3) analytic processes, and 4) mixed processes (nos. 2, 3, and 4 are covered in the forthcoming Part II). The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Improving the Arabic pronunciation dictionary for phone and word recognition with linguistically-based pronunciation rules
Authors: Fadi Biadsy, Nizar Habash, Julia Hirschberg
Venue: Proceedings of Human Language Technologies: The 2009 Annual Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (2009)

In this paper, we show that linguistically motivated pronunciation rules can improve phone and word recognition results for Modern Standard Arabic (MSA). Using these rules and the MADA morphological analysis and disambiguation tool, multiple pronunciations per word are automatically generated to build two pronunciation dictionaries; one for training and another for decoding. We demonstrate that the use of these rules can significantly improve both MSA phone recognition and MSA word recognition accuracies over a baseline system using pronunciation rules typically employed in previous work on MSA Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR). We obtain a significant improvement in absolute accuracy in phone recognition of 3.77%--7.29% and a significant improvement of 4.1% in absolute accuracy in ASR.
The Usefulness of Architectural Knowledge Management Practices in GSD
Authors: Viktor Clerc, Patricia Lago, Hans van Vliet
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Fourth IEEE International Conference on Global Software Engineering (2009)

Practices for architectural knowledge management (AKM) may alleviate the challenges involved with GSD. We have conducted empirical research at a large Dutch IT service provider to validate a set of practices for architectural knowledge management in GSD and to specifically investigate the relation between the number of sites and the perceived usefulness of these practices. The results show that AKM practices supporting a personalization strategy towards knowledge management are perceived to be more useful than practices that support a codification strategy. Further, the usefulness of AKM practices in general is confirmed. Finally, we observe a peak in the perceived usefulness of AKM practices in projects that evolved to a multi-site situation. This high perceived usefulness denotes a more critical need to plan for AKM practices in advance.
Synthetic Characters with Personality and Emotion
Authors: Ary Fagundes Bressane Neto, Flávio Soares Corrêa Da Silva
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents (2009)

Researchers of systems for Digital Entertainment have resorted to Artificial Intelligence to create characters that are more adaptable to new situations, less predictable, with fast learning capabilities, memory of past situations and a variety of convincing and consistent behaviors.Recent studies in cognitive psychology and neuroscience analyze the fundamental role of personality and emotions in human cognition, based on the notions of perception, attention, planning, reasoning, learning, memory and decision making. These notions can be characterized as modules in a formal model to describe the personality and emotions of autonomous agents, whose manifestations can be directly dependent upon personality and emotional states. Future research in affective computing must explore how emotions interact with other modules in agent architectures (such as memory and decision making), as well as how emotions influence the interactions with other agents [1].
A Boundary-Based Access Control Model for Sensitive Information
Authors: Mu Xiaojun
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Forum on Information Technology and Applications - Volume 03 (2009)

Sensitive information is one of core competence concerning with the development of the enterprise business. Tremendous pressure on today's enterprises to achieve and sustain competitive advantage has led to heightened efforts to protect sensitive information. Many enterprises have recognized that the key to sensitive information management improvement lies in the better access control model. In this paper, we present a boundary-based access control model incorporating an advanced security mechanism, in order to support fine-grained authorizations in the right time for the provision of services, based on the analysis of system boundary. In this model, access permissions are controlled by the state transitions at different layers including workflow layers, control layers and data layers. The access control mechanism is based on an RBAC model, which incorporates dynamic context information. Context is classified based on the analysis of system boundary into six main categories, which is further categorized as simple condition and composite condition, thus forming a multi-level context. In a multi-level hierarchy of context conditions, the access control model is implemented dynamically, by checking the context constraint associated with each access task at the time of the specific request submission, whose functionality and the constituent parts have been described formally and in detail.
Modeling the Personality of Participants During Group Interactions
Authors: Bruno Lepri, Nadia Mana, Alessandro Cappelletti, Fabio Pianesi, Massimo Zancanaro
Venue: Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on User Modeling, Adaptation, and Personalization: formerly UM and AH (2009)

In this paper we target the automatic prediction of two personality traits, Extraversion and Locus of Control, in a meeting scenario using visual and acoustic features. We designed our task as a regression one where the goal is to predict the personality traits' scores obtained by the meeting participants. Support Vector Regression is applied to thin slices of behavior, in the form of 1-minute sequences.