ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
On figures of merit in reversible and quantum logic designs
Authors: Majid Mohammadi, Mohammad Eshghi
Venue: Quantum Information Processing (2009)

Five figures of merit including number of gates, quantum cost, number of constant inputs, number of garbage outputs, and delay are used casually in the literature to compare the performance of different reversible or quantum logic circuits. In this paper we propose new definitions and enhancements, and identify similarities between these figures of merit. We evaluate these measures to show their strength and weakness. Instead of the number of gates, we introduce the weighted number of gates, where a weighting factor is assigned to each quantum or reversible gate, based on its type, size and technology. We compare the quantum cost with weighted number of gates of a circuit and show three major differences between these measures. It is proved that it is not possible to define a universal reversible logic gate without adding constant inputs. We prove that there is an optimum value for number of constant inputs to obtain a circuit with minimum quantum cost. Some reversible logic benchmarks have been synthesized using Toffoli and Fredkin gates to obtain their optimum values of number of constant inputs. We show that the garbage outputs can also be used to decrease the quantum cost of the circuit. A new definition of delay in quantum and reversible logic circuits is proposed for music line style representation. We also propose a procedure to calculate the delay of a circuit, based on the quantum cost and the depth of the circuit. The results of this research show that to achieve a fair comparison among designs, figures of merit should be considered more thoroughly.
Tuning the dipole at the High-κ/SiO2 interface in advanced metal gate stacks
Authors: M. Charbonnier, C. Leroux, V. Cosnier, P. Besson, F. Martin, G. Ghibaudo, G. Reimbold
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2009)

Combining two different electrical characterisation methods on the same MOS capacitors, we demonstrate that the flat band voltage of High-@k metal gate stack is determined by a dipole at the High-@k/SiO"2 interface. Meanwhile, roll-off of flat band voltage, occurring for thin SiO"2 inter layer, is also associated to a dipole variation at this same interface. We have measured its value and we show that this dipole is highly influenced by the High-@k material in contact with the SiO"2. Moreover, we also demonstrate its strong dependence on the process conditions. Finally, for a same metal gate and depending on the High-@k in contact with SiO"2, we show that this dipole can induce up to 1.7eV variation in the gate effective work function. However, controlling the dipole magnitude remains a strong issue especially for the thinnest EOT.
Genetic Regulatory Networks and Neural Networks
Authors: Roberto Serra, Alex Graudenzi, Marco Villani
Venue: Proceeding of the 2009 conference on New Directions in Neural Networks: 18th Italian Workshop on Neural Networks: WIRN 2008 (2009)

The discussion on the neural networks paradigm casted a bright light on the notion of network and on what we may define as the “dynamical systems approach”. The rebounds of this emphasis involved, during the years, the most disparate scientific areas, such as biology, social sciences and artificial life, contributing to reinforce the foundations of the complex systems science. In this work we will discuss about a particular network model, i.e. random Boolean networks, which have been introduced to represent the gene regulatory mechanism, and we will comment on the similarities and the differences with the model of neural networks. Moreover, we will present the results of the analysis of the dynamical behaviour that random Boolean networks show in presence of different sets of updating function and discuss on the concepts of criticality and biological suitability of such a model.
The positive effects of explanation after CE in AVBL
Authors: Antonios Saravanos, Charles Kinzer
Venue: ACM SIGCSE Bulletin (2009)

In this study we examine the implications that corrected-errors in asynchronous video based lessons can have on learners' perception of the instruction. We find that explicit explanation following corrected-errors negates most of the negative effects towards learners' perception of the instruction.
Collaborative inquiry in co-constructing ICT-mediated curricula for Chinese literacy in Singapore context
Authors: Lung-Hsiang Wong, Ping Gao, Ching-Sing Chai, Chee-Kuen Chin, Tze-Min Chung
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th international conference on International conference for the learning sciences - Volume 3 (2008)

This collaborative inquiry project brings together Chinese Language teachers, curriculum specialists and researchers to co-construct Information and Communications Tools (ICT) mediated Chinese curriculum for primary school students in Singapore. The findings indicate that as the teachers were not used to voicing their concerns in free-flowing meetings, they experienced tension. However, all the participants agreed that collaborative inquiry is effective for teachers' professional development. There were also positive changes of teachers' views about the incorporation of ICT in Chinese learning.
Adaptive mutual exclusion with local spinning
Authors: Yong-Jik Kim, James H. Anderson
Venue: Distributed Computing (2007)

We present an adaptive algorithm for N-process mutual exclusion under read/write atomicity in which all busy waiting is by local spinning. In our algorithm, each process p performs O(k) remote memory references to enter and exit its critical section, where k is the maximum "point contention" experienced by p. The space complexity of our algorithm is Θ (N), which is clearly optimal. Our algorithm is the first mutual exclusion algorithm under read/write atomicity that is adaptive when time complexity is measured by counting remote memory references.
Improving the performance of anti-GPS signal
Authors: Hesham N. Elmahdy, Mohamed L. Ramadan
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd WSEAS international symposium on Wavelets theory and applications in applied mathematics, signal processing & modern science (2009)

This paper improves the performance of GPS jamming signal using new technology of jamming. We use new technology called multi-band limit white noise. We identify jamming design issues. How those issues may affect jamming system performance. It addresses fabrication issues, data requirements, error handling, local and remote operations, how to attain high accuracy, and repeatability during the generation and measurement of jamming. We simulate this GPS jamming signal using matlab, and jamming controlling system using fuzzy logic. Finally make comparisons between all jamming technologies that use in simulation.
Development of Safety-Critical Systems with RTCP-Nets Support
Authors: Marcin Szpyrka
Venue: Proceeding of the 2005 conference on Software Engineering: Evolution and Emerging Technologies (2005)

Safety-critical systems require the utmost care in their specification and design to avoid errors in their implementation. Development of such systems may be supported by formal methods. The paper presents a subclass of timed coloured Petri nets called RTCP-nets that may be used for the modelling and analysis of safety-critical systems. Subclass of RTCP-nets is described shortly and some aspects of the modelling of safety-critical systems with RTCP-nets and implementation in Ada are also presented. (The work is carried out within KBN Research Project, Grant No. 4 T11C 035 24.)
Expert Access 2007 Programming
Authors: Rob Cooper, Michael Tucker
Venue: Programmer To Programmer (2007)

Expert Access 2007 Programming shows experienced developers how to create professional-level Access database applications. The authorssoftware engineers on the Access development team at Microsoftshow how to apply software engineering methodologies to Access application development. The book is organized to cover all phases of Access development. The authors demonstrate techniques for creating Access controls, forms, and reports that help streamline development and produce more user-friendly applications. They also cover such overlooked areas as custom deployment and documentation. The book contains many useful code examples designed so they can be used with minimal modification.
Parallel Inverse Halftoning via Look-Up Table (LUT) Partitioning: Methods to Parallelize the LUT Inverse Halftoning with Minimum Additional Memory Requirements and Comparable Image Quality
Authors: Sadiq M. Sait
Venue:  (2009)

The Look-Up Table (LUT) method for inverse halftoning is fast and computation-free technique employed to obtain good quality images. In this book we propose six algorithms to parallelize the LUT method so that more pixels can be concurrently inverse halftone using minimum additional hardware. The proposed algorithms partition the single LUT of serial LUT method into N smaller Look-Up Tables (s- LUTs) such that the total number of contents in all s-LUTs remain equal to the number of contents in the single LUT of serial LUT method. The proposed parallel algorithms have image quality equal to the serial LUT method when gain in clock cycles over the serial method is less and have lesser image quality comparetively to serial LUT method when gain in clock cycles over the serial method is very high. The parallel algorithms can be implemented on FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Arrays) devices with external CAM (Content Addressable Memories) and ROM (Read Only Memories)
Multi-tier and multi-site collaborative production: Illustrated by a case example of TFT-LCD manufacturing
Authors: Wu-Lin Chen, Chin-Yin Huang, Yin-Chieh Lai
Venue: Computers and Industrial Engineering (2009)

To seek collaboration with other partner enterprises becomes an inevitable strategy in today's highly dynamic and complex business. Production planning over a collaborative network relies on resolving three challenges: (1) different objectives and autonomy of partner enterprises, (2) communication and coordination among the enterprises, and (3) planning over multiple tier enterprises and multiple local plants (sites) inside an enterprise. To resolve the challenges, this paper proposes a distributed production planning system for a multi-tier and multi-site production system by combining agent technology with advanced planning and scheduling (APS) system. Two types of agents are designed: one for each tier enterprise (tier agent) and the other for each local plant (site agent) inside a tier enterprise. While a tier agent is responsible for finding a suitable plan for the demand orders by transmitting messages through designated protocols with its downstream and upstream tier agents, a site agent is designed for detailed production schedules for its local plant by interacting with its tier agent and its APS system. This paper has developed various protocols to integrate the partner tier and site agents to construct a distributed collaborative production system. This paper takes TFT-LCD manufacturing as an illuminative example to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed multi-tier and multi-site collaborative production. The results show the feasibility of synthesizing multiple production plans over multiple enterprises and multiple production sites. Within the planning system, each company maintains their autonomy of production decision. Besides, the supply network is reconfigurable because the participated companies only need to comply with the protocols without changing their local legacy production planning systems.
Globally solving box-constrained nonconvex quadratic programs with semidefinite-based finite branch-and-bound
Authors: Samuel Burer, Dieter Vandenbussche
Venue: Computational Optimization and Applications (2009)

We consider a recent branch-and-bound algorithm of the authors for nonconvex quadratic programming. The algorithm is characterized by its use of semidefinite relaxations within a finite branching scheme. In this paper, we specialize the algorithm to the box-constrained case and study its implementation, which is shown to be a state-of-the-art method for globally solving box-constrained nonconvex quadratic programs.
Analysis of Eigenvalue Correction Applied to Biometrics
Authors: Anne Hendrikse, Raymond Veldhuis, Luuk Spreeuwers, Asker Bazen
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Advances in Biometrics (2009)

Eigenvalue estimation plays an important role in biometrics. However, if the number of samples is limited, estimates are significantly biased. In this article we analyse the influence of this bias on the error rates of PCA/LDA based verification systems, using both synthetic data with realistic parameters and real biometric data. Results of bias correction in the verification systems differ considerable between synthetic data and real data: while the bias is responsible for a large part of classification errors in the synthetic facial data, compensation of the bias in real facial data leads only to marginal improvements.
DDoSniffer: Detecting DDoS attack at the source agents
Authors: Vicky Laurens, Alexandre Miege, Abdulmotaleb El Saddik, Pulak Dhar
Venue: International Journal of Advanced Media and Communication (2009)

Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks are an important and challenging security threat. Despite the existing defence mechanisms, attackers manage to build large sets of impersonated hosts. Our approach consists in detecting DDoS directly on these hosts. We classify ongoing attacks as connection attacks or bandwidth attacks. The former are defined as attacks that generate connections with four packets or fewer; the latter as attacks that create connections with traffic ratios larger than usual. We developed a software tool, DDoSniffer, which enforces those principles. We show that it is capable of detecting a broad range of attacks within seconds.
Reliability and Failure of Electronic Materials and Devices, Second Edition, 2nd edition
Authors: Milton Ohring, James R. Lloyd
Venue:  (2009)

This well-established and well-regarded reference work offers unique, single-source coverage of most major topics related to the performance and failure of materials used in electronic devices and electronics packaging. With a focus on statistically predicting failure and product yields, this book can help the design engineer, manufacturing engineer and quality control engineer all better understand the common mechanisms that lead to electronics materials failures, including dielectric breakdown, hot-electron effects and radiation damage. This new edition will add cutting edge knowledge gained in both research labs and on the manufacturing floor, with new sections on plastics and other new packaging materials, new testing procedures, and new coverage of MEMS devices. Covers all major types of electronics materials degradation and their causes, including dielectric breakdown, hot-electron effects, electrostatic discharge, corrosion, and failure of contacts and solder jointsNew updated sections on "failure physics," on mass transport-induced failure in Cu and low-k dielectrics, and on reliability of lead-free/reduced-lead solder connections.New chapter on testing procedures, sample handling and sample selection, and experimental design.Coverage of new packaging materials, including plastics and composites
Four Paths to AI
Authors: Jonathan Connell, Kenneth Livingston
Venue: Proceeding of the 2008 conference on Artificial General Intelligence 2008: Proceedings of the First AGI Conference (2008)

There are a wide variety of approaches to Artificial Intelligence. Yet interestingly we find that these can all be grouped into four broad categories: Silver Bullets, Core Values, Emergence, and Emulation. We will explain the methodological underpinnings of these categories and give examples of the type of work being pursued in each. Understanding this spectrum of approaches can help defuse arguments between practitioners as well as elucidate common themes.
Impact of interface variations on J-V and C-V polarity asymmetry of MIM capacitors with amorphous and crystalline Zr(1-x)AlxO2 films
Authors: W. Weinreich, R. Reiche, M. Lemberger, G. Jegert, J. Müller, L. Wilde, S. Teichert, J. Heitmann, E. Erben, L. Oberbeck, U. Schröder, A. J. Bauer, H. Ryssel
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2009)

Polarity asymmetries in J-V and C-V characteristics of symmetrical MIM capacitors with amorphous and crystalline Zr"("1"-"x")Al"xO"2 films and TiN electrodes are evaluated. Physical analysis of the interface between the TiN bottom electrode and the ZrO"2 layer reveals that the TiN bottom electrode undergoes enhanced oxidation during crystallization of ZrO"2. Simultaneously, nitrogen is incorporated into ZrO"2 near the TiN interface, and an intermixing of ZrO"2 and TiO"2 was identified by AR-XPS and SIMS. This asymmetry results in significant band offset differences for top and bottom electrodes of the crystalline MIM capacitor. Conduction mechanisms are correlated to amorphous vs. crystalline film properties. In addition, asymmetrical charge trapping and a higher trap density is found for crystalline Zr"("1"-"x")Al"xO"2 compared to amorphous films, leading to a polarity dependence in the leakage currents.
Knowledge Engineering for Bayesian Networks: How Common Are Noisy-MAX Distributions in Practice?
Authors: Adam Zagorecki, Marek Druzdzel
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on ECAI 2006: 17th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence August 29 -- September 1, 2006, Riva del Garda, Italy (2006)

One problem faced in knowledge engineering for Bayesian networks is the exponential growth of the number of parameters in their conditional probability tables (CPTs). The most common practical solution is application of the noisy-OR (or their generalization, the noisy-MAX) gates, which take advantage of independence of causal interactions and provide a logarithmic reduction of the number of parameters required to specify a CPT. In this paper, we propose an algorithm that fits a noisy-MAX distribution to an existing CPT and we apply it to search for noisy-MAX gates in three existing practical Bayesian networks. We show that noisy-MAX gate provides a surprisingly good fit for as many as 50% of CPTs in these networks. The importance of this finding is that it provides an empirical justification for the use of the noisy-MAX gate as a powerful knowledge engineering tool.
Transformation of a production/assembly washing machine lines into a lean manufacturing system
Authors: E. Romano, L. C. Santillo, P. Zoppoli
Venue: WSEAS Transactions on Systems and Control (2009)

The scope of this work is the complete re-organization of production flow according to the Lean Thinking philosophy for the industrial applications. The complete re-organization implementation of material flow management has been performed through the supermarket sizing which replenishment kanban logic has been adopted. To implement this strategy the goal is to achieve "Interdependent connected Processes" adopting the Pull System methodology in the Just in Time production environment. From the narrow sense the JIT manufacturing philosophy is to produce the right quantity at the right time with the right quantity level. In JIT the production is triggered by a kanban signal, which comes from the costumer order or the master production schedule, the signal then flowing backwards. By implementing JIT concepts in manufacturing, many of the practitioners experience advantages such as shorter lead times, fewer inventories, and higher quality. In the case study, developed in the Whirlpool Europe Naples factory, we have a first stage that consists of sizing the amount of "Kanban reintegration" codes, and the second stage in which we have simulated with ARENA and verified the progress of production flow in the hypothesized system, that has underlined the improvement of the business performances and great flexibility.
Integrating Object and Meta-Level Value Based Argumentation
Authors: Sanjay Mogdil, Trevor Bench-Capon
Venue: Proceeding of the 2008 conference on Computational Models of Argument: Proceedings of COMMA 2008 (2008)

A recent extension to Dung's argumentation framework allows for arguments to express preferences between other arguments. Value based argumentation can be formalised in this extended framework, enabling meta-level argumentation about the values that arguments promote, and the orderings on these values. In this paper, we show how extended frameworks integrating meta-level reasoning about values can be rewritten as Dung frameworks, and show a soundness and completeness result with respect to the rewrites. We then describe how value orderings can emerge, or be 'formed', as a result of dialogue games based on the rewritten frameworks, and illustrate the advantages of this approach over existing dialogue games for value based argumentation frameworks.
Influence of thermal dispersion on spontaneous imbibition process in a homogeneous porous medium
Authors: O. Bautista, F. Mendez, E. Bautista
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th WSEAS international conference on System science and simulation in engineering (2008)

In this work we analyze the effect of thermal dispersion on spontaneous imbibition process of a fluid in a homogeneous porous medium, considering that it is subject to the presence of a temperature gradient. We assume that the porous medium is found initially at temperature T0 and pressure P0; suddenly the lower part touches a liquid reservoir with temperature T1 and pressure P0 and begins the spontaneous imbibition process into de porous medium. The physical influence of three nondimensional parameters such as the ratio of the characteristic thermal time to the characteristic imbibition time, β, the ratio of the hydrostatic head of the imbibided fluid to the characteristic pressure difference between the imbibition front and the dry zone of the porous medium, α, and Ω defined as the ratio of thermal dispersion effect to thermal diffusivity of the medium, serve us to evaluate the position and velocity of the imbibition front as well as the temperature profiles and the corresponding Nusselt number in the wetting zone. In particular for small values of time, we recover the well known Washburn law. The numerical predictions show that the imbibition and temperature profiles depend strongly on the above nondimensional parameters, revealing a clear deviation from the simple Washburn law.
Obtaining Membership Functions from a Neuron Fuzzy System Extended by Kohonen Network
Authors: Angelo Pagliosa, Claudio Cesar de Sá, F. D. Sasse
Venue: Proceeding of the 2005 conference on Advances in Logic Based Intelligent Systems: Selected Papers of LAPTEC 2005 (2005)

This article presents an hybrid computational model, called Neo-Fuzzy-Neuron Modified by Kohonen Network (NFN-MK),that combines fuzzy system techniques and artificial neural networks. Its main task consists in the automatic generation of membership functions, in particular, triangle forms, aiming a dynamic modeling of a system. The model is tested by simulating real systems, here represented by a nonlinear mathematical function. Comparison with the results obtained by traditional neural networks, and correlated studies of neurofuzzy systems applied in system identification area, shows that the NFN-MK has a similar performance, despite its greater simplicity.