ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Alternative annotations of word usage
Authors: Diana McCarthy
Venue: Proceedings of the Workshop on Semantic Evaluations: Recent Achievements and Future Directions (2009)

Right from Senseval's inception there have been questions over the choice of sense inventory for word sense disambiguation (Kilgarriff, 1998). While researchers usually acknowledge the issues with predefined listings produced by lexicographers, such lexical resources have been a major catalyst to work on annotating words with meaning. As well as the heavy reliance on manually produced sense inventories, the work on word sense disambiguation has focused on the task of selecting the single best sense from the predefined inventory for each given token instance. There is little evidence that the state-of-the-art level of success is sufficient to benefit applications. We also have no evidence that the systems we build are interpreting words in context in the way that humans do. One direction that has been explored for practical reasons is that of finding a level of granularity where annotators and systems can do the task with a high level of agreement (Navigli et al., 2007; Hovy et al., 2006). In this talk I will discuss some alternative annotations using synonyms (McCarthy and Navigli, 2007), translations (Sinha et al., 2009) and WordNet senses with graded judgments (Erk et al., to appear) which are not proposed as a panacea to the issue of semantic representation but will allow us to look at word usages in a more graded fashion and which are arguably better placed to reflect the phenomena we wish to capture than the 'winner takes all' strategy.
A Unified Network Security and Fine-Grained Database Access Control Model
Authors: Leon Pan
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Second International Symposium on Electronic Commerce and Security - Volume 01 (2009)

With the development of Internet and Intranet, Web and distributed databases have been used more and more widely. It is important to properly handle network and Web database security issues including authentication, denial of service, and fine-grained access control. When database access control and the network security are addressed separately, the security systems are not optimized sufficiently as a whole. This paper propose a method of integrating network security with criterion based access control to handle network security and the fine-grained Web database access control simultaneously. To improve efficiency, the model adopts two step access controls. The first preliminary access control is combined with the firewall function, and the second fine-grained access decisions are determined by the user's digital credentials as well as other factors such as his/her IP address.
FAHP-Basic Comprehensive Economic Assessment of Wind Power Project
Authors: Jing Yang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Asia-Pacific Conference on Information Processing - Volume 02 (2009)

The paper discusses the necessity of comprehensive economic assessment of wind power project and its assessment method, and introduces significance of FAHP assessment method and assessment model. On this basic, the paper builds up index system of comprehensive economic assessment of wind power project and comprehensive economic assessment model of wind power project with AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) and theories of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation; FAHP method is verified by actual wind power project to be feasible and reasonable in the comprehensive economic assessment of wind power project.
Query Suggestion for On-Device Troubleshooting
Authors: Frédéric Roulland, Stefania Castellani, Ye Deng, Antonietta Grasso, Jacki O'Neill
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th IFIP TC 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Part II (2009)

This paper describes a novel query suggestion tool we have designed and implemented to help users of office printing devices better formulate their queries, while searching a troubleshooting knowledge base provided as a service on the device itself. The paper traces the main motivations of the design of the query suggestion tool and outlines its technical details with an emphasis on its combination of features in relation to prior work.
Research on Production Lot Size Based on System Complexity Theory
Authors: Fei He, Yungqing Rao, Xinyu Shao
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 WRI Global Congress on Intelligent Systems - Volume 03 (2009)

This research aims at understanding the variation of system complexity when the size of production lot has changed. It first presents a model used to measure the information entropy caused by the lot size when the system is under a static environment. The result shows that the entropy tends to zero when the number of lots decreases. In order to increase the credibility of our result, another important factor influencing the manufacturing system complexity when the lot size has changed are also calculated. Then the system complexity is also measured in a dynamic environment which considers the equipments' capability, and the result shows that the system complexity is not a monotonic function when the lot size has been changed monotonically.
Bimorph nano actuators synthesized by focused ion beam chemical vapor deposition
Authors: Jiyoung Chang, Byung-Kwon Min, Jongbaeg Kim, Liwei Lin
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2009)

Bimorph nano actuators synthesized by a two-layer focused ion beam (FIB) chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process have been demonstrated. The core bimorph segment of the actuator is a column structure made of two 200-nm thick tungsten-based-conductor (TBC) and diamond-like-carbon (DLC) layers. Several segments can be connected together of different angles to construct actuators with various moving capabilities when joule heating is applied via silicon MEMS (Microelectromechanical System) heater as the actuation source. Experimentally, a prototype five-segment actuator has shown projection displacement of 600+/-60nm under an input power of 1.02W (160mA and 6.41V). The actuator has been repeatedly operated for over 100 times without any indication of degradation. As such, this work represents a new class of nano actuators based on versatile and flexible FIB-CVD bimorph nanostructures.
Updating probabilities
Authors: Peter D. Grünwald, Joseph Y. Halpern
Venue: Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research (2003)

As examples such as the Monty Hall puzzle show, applying conditioning to update a probability distribution on a "naive space", which does not take into account the protocol used, can often lead to counterintuitive results. Here we examine why. A criterion known as CAR ("coarsening at random") in the statistical literature characterizes when "naive" conditioning in a naive space works. We show that the CAR condition holds rather infrequently, and we provide a procedural characterization of it, by giving a randomized algorithm that generates all and only distributions for which CAR holds. This substantially extends previous characterizations of CAR. We also consider more generalized notions of update such as Jeffrey conditioning and minimizing relative entropy (MRE). We give a generalization of the CAR condition that characterizes when Jeffrey conditioning leads to appropriate answers, and show that there exist some very simple settings in which MRE essentially never gives the right results. This generalizes and interconnects previous results obtained in the literature on CAR and MRE.
Application of Neural Network in Groundwater Denitrification Process
Authors: Zuo Jinlong, Yu JinTao
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Asia-Pacific Conference on Information Processing - Volume 01 (2009)

Biological denitrification is a simple and cost effective method to treat groundwater contaminated by nitrate. However, this process is non-linear, complex and multivariable. In order to tackle the problem to remove nitrate from polluted groundwater, based on artificial neural network (ANN) technique and GUI(Graphical User Interfaces) function of MATLAB, a groundwater denitrification process forecasting model was built. Experimental results showed that the ANN was able to predict the output water quality parameters—including nitrate as well as nitrite and COD. Most of relative error of NO3--N and COD were in the range of ±10% and ±5% respectively. The ANN model of nitrate removal in groundwater prediction results produced good agreement with experimental data. Simulation testing proved that the model could forecast well and which could be used in groundwater quality forecast.
Hardware Implementation of P Systems Using Microcontrollers. An Operating Environment for Implementing a Partially Parallel Distributed Architecture
Authors: Sandra Maria Gomez Canaval, Abraham Gutierrez Rodriguez, Santiago Alonso Villaverde
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 10th International Symposium on Symbolic and Numeric Algorithms for Scientific Computing (2008)

Nowadays, important efforts in the research of theTransition P Systems have been focused on the simulation/implementation of the massively parallel character ofthe model. The distributed implementation of P Systems hasmet with the communications bottleneck problem. In thissense, there are several research works on analysis for distributed architectures that are technology independent and avoiding communication collisions. Recent works presentanalysis on the suitability for implementing theses architectures using an universal membrane hardware/software component based on microcontrollers. These implementations are directly programming on hardware components and the resulting data is analyzed by means of a specific program which translates the execution bit code into intelligible data for researchers. The aim of this work is to present an operating environment to automate manual tasks performed during the loading, execution and interpretation of P System into distributed architectures based on microcontrollers as well as the interpretation from inner binary data representation inside of microcontrollers.
Application of BP Neural Network Approach for Cost Estimation of Wastewater Treatment Plants: A Case Study of Taiwan Region
Authors: Ru Jiang, Huayue Zhu, Yuhua Chang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Natural Computing - Volume 01 (2009)

Reliable cost estimation is crucial to the planning process of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Among the developed methods in literatures, not only the assumption of linearity but the existence of a great deal of uncertainty limits the actual application. In this paper, cost estimation of WWTPs in Taiwan region using BP neural network (NN) was investigated. The correlations between cost related variables and total construction cost and plant construction cost were obtained based on 26 collected data sets of design flow rate, influent BOD5 concentration and cost data etc. The study revealed that the proposed NN outperformed linear regression in respect to performance measures such as mean absolute error rate and coefficient of determination. Results from weight interpretation reflected the relative importance of input variables to costs. The NN-based approach can provide an economical and rapid means of cost estimation of WWTP.
Haptic Effects of Surgical Teleoperator Flexibility
Authors: M. Tavakoli, Robert D. Howe
Venue: International Journal of Robotics Research (2009)

Minimally invasive surgery systems typically involve thin and cable-driven surgical instruments. This introduces link and joint flexibility in the slave robot of a masterâslave teleoperation system, reducing the effective stiffness of the slave and the transparency of teleoperation. In this paper, we analyze transparency under slave link and joint flexibility (tool flexibility). We also evaluate the added benefits of using extra sensors at the tip of the flexible robot. It is shown that tip velocity (or position) feedback improves free-space position tracking performance in the presence of robot flexibility. Also, when the interaction forces with an environment are measured by a force sensor and fed back to the userâs hand, tip velocity feedback improves hard-contact force tracking performance. During a hard contact task, tip velocity feedback can also eliminate the transmission of robot flexibility to the userâs hand.
Numismatic Photography, 2nd edition, 2nd edition
Authors: Mark Goodman
Venue:  (2009)

In this second edition of Numismatic Photography, author Mark Goodman has fine-tuned the secrets to quality digital coin photography through a structured, systematic approach that is easy to apply, simple to learn and guaranteed to produce spectacular results. The chapters are divided into two parts: Essentials and Advanced, allowing beginning photographers to learn without being overwhelmed while still providing more advanced photographers with the information needed to enhance and improve their skill sets. Whether the coin you are photographing is encapsulated or raw, deep mirror Proof or dark copper, Mint State or circulated, the skills and techniques outlined in this book allow even the beginning photographer to capture the true essence of each coin, with life-like brilliance, contrasting devices, sharp detail and perfect bands of luster. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Building the Croatian morphological lexicon
Authors: Marko Tadić, Sanja Fulgosi
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 EACL Workshop on Morphological Processing of Slavic Languages (2003)

The paper presents the work being done so far on the building of the Croatian Morphological Lexicon (CML). It has been collected since 2002 in the Institute of Linguistics, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Zagreb. The CML is planned to have two sub-lexicons: derivative/compositional and inflectional, both produced by a generator. The result of generation is lexicon as two distinct lists of generated combinations of morphemes and complete word-forms both with additional data that can be used in further processing. The inflectional component is presented more in detail in the second part of the paper. At the end, the several possible applications of CML are discussed.
An SVM Based Approach to Cross-Language Adaptation for Indian Languages
Authors: A. Vijaya Rama Raju, C. Chandra Sekhar
Venue: Advances in Neuro-Information Processing: 15th International Conference, ICONIP 2008, Auckland, New Zealand, November 25-28, 2008, Revised Selected Papers, Part II (2009)

In this paper we present an evaluation of different approaches to cross-language adaptation for Indian languages. We also propose a method for cross-language adaptation of the SVM (support vector machine) based system. The proposed method gives approximately the same performance as pooling, with a reduction in the training time. The adaptation methods such as Bootstrap, MAP (Maximum A Posterior) and MLLR (Maximum Likelihood Linear Regression) have been used for cross-language adaptation in the HMM (hidden Markov model) based systems. We present a comparison of these adaptation techniques for three Indian languages, Tamil, Telugu and Hindi. The results show that the SVM based methods perform better than the HMM based methods when the 2-best and 5-best performance is considered.
An Array Computer for Low-and Intermediate-Level Image Processing
Authors: Kaikun Dong, Yang Liu, Li Guo, Mingzeng Hu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE International Conference on Networking, Architecture, and Storage (2009)

Image processing tasks in remote sensing and computer vision require an enormous amount of computation, especially in practical real-time applications. An array computer for low-and intermediate-level image processing is designed and implemented based on FPGA. To improve the system usability and the portability of application programs, a parallel image processing software environment is proposed based on the image algebra theory presented by G. X. Ritter. To program the parallel architecture, users need only describe their algorithms with image algebra operations provided in the environment. The environment can automatically select the optimal or approximately optimal parallel codes from the parallel implementation codes library according to the algorithm description and a cost model, and execute the application program. The parallel execution of application programs and the hardware details of the parallel architecture are transparent to users.
A Novel Approach to CT Scans' Interpretation via Incorporation into a VR Human Model
Authors: Sophia Sakellariou, Vassilis Charissis, Ben M. Ward, David Chanock, Paul Anderson
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Digital Human Modeling: Held as Part of HCI International 2009 (2009)

This paper presents a novel approach for interpretation of Computerised-Tomography (CT) scans. The proposed system entails an automated transfer of selected CT scans onto a default Virtual Reality human model. Contemporary training requirements often are proven to be time-consuming for the clinical facilities which have to split unevenly their operational time between radiological examinations and the Radiologists' training. Adhering to the contemporary training requirements we employed a plethora of VR and Human-Computer Interaction techniques in order to enable the trainees to familiarise themselves with the interpretation of such data and their actual, spatial correlation inside the human body. Overall the paper presents the challenges involved in the development of this method and examines the potential as well the drawbacks for deployment of such system in large scale teaching audience. Finally the paper discusses the results of an initial user-trial, which involved twelve trainee doctors, and offers a tentative plan of future work which aspires to customise the software for different learning levels.
Using NLG to help language-impaired users tell stories and participate in social dialogues
Authors: Ehud Reiter, Ross Turner, Norman Alm, Rolf Black, Martin Dempster, Annalu Waller
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th European Workshop on Natural Language Generation (2009)

Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) systems are communication aids for people who cannot speak because of motor or cognitive impairments. We are developing AAC systems where users select information they wish to communicate, and this is expressed using an NLG system. We believe this model will work well in contexts where AAC users wish to go beyond simply making requests or answering questions, and have more complex communicative goals such as story-telling and social interaction.
Building Mathematics-Based Software Systems to Advance Science and Create Knowledge
Authors: Robert L. Constable
Venue: Efficient Algorithms: Essays Dedicated to Kurt Mehlhorn on the Occasion of His 60th Birthday (2009)

Kurt Mehlhorn's foundational results in computational geometry provide not only a basis for practical geometry systems such as Leda and CGAL, they also, in the spirit of Euclid, provide a sound basis for geometric truth. This article shows how Mehlhorn's ideas from computational geometry have influenced work on the logical basis for constructive geometry. In particular there is a sketch of new decidability results for constructive Euclidean geometry as formulated in computational type theory, CTT. Theorem proving systems for type theory are important in establishing knowledge to the highest standards of certainty, and in due course they will play a significant role in geometry systems.
On the computation of C* certificates
Authors: Florian Jarre, Katrin Schmallowsky
Venue: Journal of Global Optimization (2009)

The cone of completely positive matrices C* is the convex hull of all symmetric rank-1-matrices xx T with nonnegative entries. While there exist simple certificates proving that a given matrix $${B\in C^*}$$ is completely positive it is a rather difficult problem to find such a certificate. We examine a simple algorithm which--for a given input B--either determines a certificate proving that $${B\in C^*}$$ or converges to a matrix $${\bar S}$$ in C* which in some sense is "close" to B. Numerical experiments on matrices B of dimension up to 200 conclude the presentation.
Dimensional Synthesis of a Slider-Crank Mechanism Based Heavy-Load Positioner
Authors: Yunfeng Zhao, Rongxian Qi, Yongsheng Zhao
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation - Volume 03 (2009)

In order to meet the requirement of manufacturing large-scale ball-crown like parts, a new type Slider-crank Mechanism Based 2-dof Heavy-load Positioner is introduced in this paper. The mathematical model of the positioner is established. The kinematics problems are solved. The statics problem is solved and the analytic expression of the driving force is obtained. An optimal dimensional synthesis method is presented to optimize all the parameters of this positioner for a prescribed workspace with excellent mechanical performance. The algorithm is proposed to solve the optimization problem, which not only takes into account the structure constrains and driving force, but also the variable structural weight. The computational results demonstrated that the resulting method is very efficient and effective.
Designing, Specifying and Querying Metadata for Virtual Data Integration Systems
Authors: Leopoldo Bertossi, Gayathri Jayaraman
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Data Management in Grid and Peer-to-Peer Systems (2009)

We show how to specify and use the metadata for a virtual and relational data integration system under the local-as-view (LAV) approach. We use XML and RuleML for representing metadata, like the global and local schemas, the mappings between the former and the latter, and global integrity constraints. XQuery is used to retrieve relevant information for query planning. The system uses an extended inverse rules algorithm for computing certain answers that is provably correct for monotone relational global queries. For query answering, evaluation engines for answer set programs on relational databases are used. The programs declaratively specify the legal instances of the integration system.
Virtual Human Hand: Grasping and Simulation
Authors: Esteban Peña-Pitarch, Jingzhou (James) Yang, Karim Abdel-Malek
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Digital Human Modeling: Held as Part of HCI International 2009 (2009)

The human hand is the most complete tool, able to adapt to different surfaces and shapes and touch and grasp. It is a direct connection between the exterior world and the brain. I. Kant (German philosopher) defined how the hand is an extension of the brain. In this paper we present and develop a new algorithm for grasp any object in a virtual environment (VE). The objective is to present a novel theory for grasping in the VE any object with the virtual human (VH). The novel concepts for this application are the autonomous grasp, implementation of several types of grasp, and a new algorithm for grasp.
The Stable Revivals Model in CSP-Prover
Authors: D. Gift Samuel, Markus Roggenbach, Yoshinao Isobe
Venue: Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science (ENTCS) (2009)

The stable revivals model R provides a new semantic framework for the process algebra Csp. The model R has recently been added to the realm of established Csp models. Within the Csp context, it enhances the analysis of systems with regards to properties such as responsiveness and stuckness. These properties are essential in component based system design. In this paper we report on the implementation of different variants of the model R within Csp-Prover. Based on Isabelle/HOL, Csp-Prover is an interactive proof tool for Csp refinement, which is generic in the underlying Csp model. On the practical side, our encoding of the model R provides semi-automatic proof support for reasoning on responsiveness and stuckness. On the theoretical side, our implementation also yields a machine verification of the model R's soundness as well as of its expected properties.