ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Implementation of an Aquatic Plant Information Bank
Authors: JinKyu Park, Eenjun Hwang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 Frontiers in the Convergence of Bioscience and Information Technologies (2007)

Aquatic plants are very important and essential inhabitants in a small or large scale ecosystem. With the increasing interest in the natural environment and the progress of IT-related technology, there has been a great demand for an aquatic plant information system supporting intuitive user interface and location-free accessibility. In this paper, we present a portable information bank system that can manage various types of requests from civilian and expert users for aquatic plants including online/offline maintenance of biological and geographic database, content-based image retrieval and Internet-based wired/wireless accessibility, to name a few. Throughout various experiments on a prototype system, we show that our proposed system can satisfy user requirements with good performance.
Fuzzy neural network models for multispectral image analysis
Authors: Arun Kulkarni, Sara Mccaslin
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th WSEAS International Conference on Circuits, Systems, Electronics, Control & Signal Processing (2006)

Fuzzy neural networks (FNNs) provide a new approach for classification of multispectral data and to extract and optimize classification rules. Neural networks deal with issues on a numeric level, whereas fuzzy logic deals with them on a semantic or linguistic level. FNNs synthesize fuzzy logic and neural networks. Recently, there has been growing interest in the research community not only to understand how FNNs arrive at particular decisions but how to decode information stored in the form of connection strengths in the network. In this paper, we propose fuzzy neural network models for classification of pixels in multispectral images and to extract fuzzy classification rules. During the training phase, the connection strengths are updated. After training, classification rules are extracted by backtracking along the weighted paths through the FNN. The extracted rules are then optimized using a fuzzy associative memory (FAM) bank. The data mining system described above is useful in many practical applications such as mapping, monitoring and managing our planet's resources and health, climate change impacts and assessments, environmental change detection and military reconnaissance.
Chinese pinyin phrasal input on mobile phone: usability and developing trends
Authors: Ying Liu, Qiqun Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th international conference on mobile technology, applications, and systems and the 1st international symposium on Computer human interaction in mobile technology (2007)

Phrasal input is a Chinese text entry feature and just available on mobile phone lately. In the study, we compared usability of five Chinese pinyin phrasal input methods (Cstar, Guobi, Nokia, T9 and Zi) on mobile phones that represent two types: methods derived from PC pinyin phrasal input and methods derived from pinyin character input on mobile phones. The result showed that Cstar and Nokia performed the best followed by Guobi, T9, and Zi in order. We discussed the reasons behind and provided four design guidelines: 1) Find a balance between radical designs and well-accepted designs; 2) Optimize the corpus constantly; 3) Provide easy-to-use on-line phrase creation; and 4) Design a phrasal input method excluding pinyin selection process as PC pinyin phrasal input methods do.
Relative rate reduction based control with adjustable congestion level
Authors: Péter Hága, István Csabai, Ferenc Tóth, Gábor Vattay
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Testbeds and research infrastructures for the development of networks & communities (2008)

In Future Internet it is possible to change elements of congestion control in order to eliminate jitter and batch loss caused by the current control mechanisms based on packet loss events. We investigate the fundamental problem of adjusting sending rates to achieve optimal utilization of highly variable bandwidth of a network path using accurate packet rate information. This is done by continuously controlling the sending rate with a function of the measured packet rate at the receiver. We propose the relative loss of packet rate between the sender and the receiver (Relative Rate Reduction, RRR) as a new accurate and continuous measure of congestion of a network path, replacing the erratically fluctuating packet loss. We demonstrate that with choosing various RRR based feedback functions the optimum is reached with adjustable congestion level. The proposed method guarantees fair bandwidth sharing of competitive flows. Finally we present testbed experiments to demonstrate the performance of the algorithm.
Towards a model human cochlea: sensory substitution for crossmodal audio-tactile displays
Authors: Maria Karam, Frank Russo, Carmen Branje, Emily Price, Deborah I. Fels
Venue: Proceedings of graphics interface 2008 (2008)

We present a Model Human Cochlea (MHC): a sensory substitution technique for creating a crossmodal audio-touch display. This research is aimed at designing a chair-based interface to support deaf and hard of hearing users in experiencing musical content associated with film, and seeks to develop this multisensory crossmodal display as a framework for supporting research in enhancing sensory entertainment experiences for universal design. The MHC uses audio speakers as vibrotactile devices placed along the body to facilitate the expression of emotional elements that are associated with music. We present the results of our formative study, which compared the MHC to conventional audio speaker displays for communicating basic emotional information through touch. Results suggest that the separation of audio signals onto multiple vibrotactile channels is more effective at expressing emotional content than is possible using a complete audio signal as vibrotactile stimuli.
A Retrospective Comparative Study of Three Data Modelling Techniques in Anticoagulation Therapy
Authors: Simon McDonald, Costas Xydeas, Plamen Angelov
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on BioMedical Engineering and Informatics - Volume 01 (2008)

Three types of data modelling technique are applied retrospectively to individual patients’ anticoagulation therapy data to predict their future levels of anticoagulation. The results of the different models are compared and discussed relative to each other and previous similar studies. The conclusions of earlier papers, that machine learning could help anticoagulation clinicians achieve better results, are reinforced here using an extensive data set. Continuously-updating neural network models are shown to predict future INR measurements best of the three types of models presented here.
Knowledge Management in the Ubiquitous Software Development
Authors: Jose Miguel Rubio Leon
Venue: Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (2008)

The continuous technical advances have lead to the proliferation of very small and very cheap microprocessors, equipped with sensors and capacity of wireless communication. The information processing is becoming ubiquitous and it is being impregnated in all type of objects. In this article the general delineations set out towards a methodology of securing of the quality of software ubiquitous based their main characteristics: centered in the user and highly interactive. Moreover, it considered to the usability as the quality characteristic of more relevant in the development of this type of highly interactive software systems.
Hardness of optimal spaced seed design
Authors: François Nicolas, Eric Rivals
Venue: Journal of Computer and System Sciences (2008)

Speeding up approximate pattern matching is a line of research in stringology since the 80s. Practically fast approaches belong to the class of filtration algorithms, in which text regions dissimilar to the pattern are first excluded, and the remaining regions are then compared to the pattern by dynamic programming. Among the conditions used to test similarity between the regions and the pattern, many require a minimum number of common substrings between them. When only substitutions are taken into account for measuring dissimilarity, counting spaced subwords instead of substrings improves the filtration efficiency. However, a preprocessing step is required to design one or more patterns, called spaced seeds (or gapped seeds), for the subwords, depending on the search parameters. Two distinct lines of research appear the literature: one with probabilistic formulations of seed design problems, in which one wishes for instance to compute a seed with the highest probability to detect the desired similarities (lossy filtration), a second line with combinatorial formulations, where the goal is to find a seed that detects all or a maximum number of similarities (both lossless and lossy filtration). We concentrate on combinatorial seed design problems and consider formulations in which the set of sought similarities is either listed explicitly (RSOS), or characterised by their length and maximal number of mismatches (Non-Detection). Several articles exhibit exponential algorithms for these problems. In this work, we provide hardness and inapproximability results for several seed design problems, thereby justifying the complexity of known algorithms. Moreover, we introduce a new formulation of seed design (MWLS), in which the weight of the seed has to be maximised, and show it is as difficult to approximate as Maximum Independent Set.
Modeling and querying fuzzy spatiotemporal databases
Authors: Aziz Sözer, Adnan Yazıcı, Halit Oğuztüzün, Osman Taş
Venue: Information Sciences: an International Journal (2008)

Modeling spatiotemporal data, in particular fuzzy and complex spatial objects representing geographic entities and relations, is a topic of great importance in geographic information systems, computer vision, environmental data management systems, etc. Because of complex requirements, it is challenging to represent spatiotemporal data and its features in databases and to effectively query them. This article presents a new approach to model and query the spatiotemporal data of fuzzy spatial and complex objects and/or spatial relations. In our case study, we use a meteorological database application in an intelligent database architecture, which combines an object-oriented database with a knowledgebase for modeling and querying spatiotemporal objects.
Turn your computer into a phone with skype
Authors: Federico Kereki
Venue: Linux Journal (2008)

A beginner's guide to installing and using Skype on Linux.
High-Resolution Presentation Environment Using Multi Displays
Authors: Go Chiba, Tomoyuki Ishida, Yoshitaka Shibata
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications - Workshops (2008)

In this paper, a high-resolution presentation system using PC clusters and multiple displays for various applications including 3D virtual reality system, large scale geographic presentation and high definition video conference system is introduced. Conventional virtual reality systems use a highend graphics engine and a polyhedral display equipment to realize high immersive VR environment. However, those hardware devices are so expensive and also hard to interoperate with multiple users over network. Furthermore, the maximum resolution of display is fixed.In our suggested system, by combining multiple personal computers and connecting by highspeed network into a tiled display system, cost effective and high resolution environment can be realized.
Lotus Notes 6 Mail Quick Reference Guide
Authors: Beezix Inc
Venue:  (2007)

Laminated quick reference card showing step-by-step instructions and shortcuts for mail features of Lotus Notes 6.5. Topics include: Opening Your Mailbox, Creating a Message, Receipt, Mood Stamp, Importance, Addressing Messages, Locating Someone in the Address List, Drafts, Stationery, Attaching Files, Opening and Reading Messages, Previewing Documents, Replying and Forwarding, Creating a Mailing List, Adding Addresses to your Address Book, Searching for Messages, Deleting Messages, Using Folders, Archiving Mail, Using the Out of Office Agent, Filtering Messages Automatically, QuickRules, Combatting Junk Mail, Preferences, Passwords etc., and Locking ID. Also includes a list of shortcuts for Movement, Selection and working with Messages. This guide is suitable as a training handout, or simply an easy to use reference guide, for any type of user.
Theoretical Foundations of Spatially-Variant Mathematical Morphology Part II: Gray-Level Images
Authors: Nidhal Bouaynaya, Dan Schonfeld
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (2008)

In this paper, we develop a spatially-variant (SV) mathematical morphology theory for gray-level signals and images in the Euclidean space. The proposed theory preserves the geometrical concept of the structuring function, which provides the foundation of classical morphology and is essential in signal and image processing applications. We define the basic SV gray-level morphological operators (i.e., SV gray-level erosion, dilation, opening, and closing) and investigate their properties. We demonstrate the ubiquity of SV gray-level morphological systems by deriving a kernel representation for a large class of systems, called V-systems, in terms of the basic SV graylevel morphological operators. A V-system is defined to be a gray-level operator, which is invariant under gray-level (vertical) translations. Particular attention is focused on the class of SV flat gray-level operators. The kernel representation for increasing V-systems is a generalization of Maragos' kernel representation for increasing and translation-invariant function-processing systems. A representation of V-systems in terms of their kernel elements is established for increasing and upper-semi-continuous V-systems. This representation unifies a large class of spatially-variant linear and non-linear systems under the same mathematical framework. Finally, simulation results show the potential power of the general theory of gray-level spatially-variant mathematical morphology in several image analysis and computer vision applications.
Understanding human interactions with track and body synergies (TBS) captured from multiple views
Authors: Sangho Park, Mohan M. Trivedi
Venue: Computer Vision and Image Understanding (2008)

This paper presents a new two-stage multi-view framework for the analysis of human interactions and activities. The analysis is performed in a distributed multi-view vision system that synergistically integrates track- and body-level processing. The proposed framework is geared toward versatile and easily-deployable systems that do not require careful camera calibration. The main contributions of the paper are as follows; (1) context-dependent view switching for occlusion handling, (2) a method for switching the two-stage analysis between the track- and body-level processing, and (3) a hypothesis-verification paradigm for top-down feedback that exploits the spatio-temporal constraints inherent in human interaction. An experimental evaluation shows the efficacy of the proposed system for analyzing multi-person interactions.
Enhancing Face Recognition with Location Information
Authors: R. J. Hulsebosch, P. W. G. Ebben
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 Third International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security (2008)

Knowing the location of different sensed user tokens such as a Bluetooth-enabled mobile phone or RFID badge helps to verify the identity of the user. Co-location of the tokens increases the confidence that the user is at a certain location whereas conflicting locations decreases this confidence. Thus location information can be used to authenticate the user. Instead of sensing user tokens via wireless communication channels, face detection and recognition can be used as well. The location of the webcam detecting the user can be fused with location information obtained from other user identity tokens. Together with the face recognition output, the fused location information of the sensed identity tokens results in an enhancement of the user identification process. This approach proves very accurate in terms of a reduction of the FAR and FRR of the face recognition, allows for more relaxed posing of the user for reasonably correct face recognition, and provides user-friendliness as users don’t have to explicitly enter credentials anymore in order to authenticate themselves. The latter aspect makes the approach suitable for pervasive and ubiquitous computing environments.
Using correlation and accuracy for identifying good estimators
Authors: Gary D. Boetticher, Nazim Lokhandwala
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th international workshop on Predictor models in software engineering (2008)

Human-based estimation remains the predominant methodology of choice [1]. Understanding the human estimator is critical for improving the effort estimation process. Every human estimator draws upon their background in terms of domain knowledge, technical knowledge, experience, and education in formulating an estimate. This research presented at the PROMISE 2007 workshop assessed the goodness of human estimation based only on project accuracy. This research extends the goodness of human estimation to also include component correlation. Thus, a good estimator is accurate and also does a good job of ranking component effort. Using this revised definition of goodness of estimation produces an average classification rate of 93.3 percent over 1000 trials. Furthermore, the resulting decision tree is extremely intuitive.
Symbolic Fenchel Conjugation
Authors: Jonathan M. Borwein, Chris H. Hamilton
Venue: Mathematical Programming: Series A and B (2008)

Of key importance in convex analysis and optimization is the notion of duality, and in particular that of Fenchel duality. This work explores improvements to existing algorithms for the symbolic calculation of subdifferentials and Fenchel conjugates of convex functions defined on the real line. More importantly, these algorithms are extended to enable the symbolic calculation of Fenchel conjugates on a class of real-valued functions defined on $$\mathbb{R}^n$$. These algorithms are realized in the form of the Maple package SCAT.
An intercomparison of in vitro chlorophyll a determinations for MERIS level 2 data validation
Authors: K. Sørensen, M. Grung, R. Röttgers
Venue: International Journal of Remote Sensing (2007)

An investigation of the capability of the MERIS (Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer) validation teams to determine chlorophyll a, using the latest measuring protocols and advanced high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), spectrophotometric and fluorometric method has been performed. Two inter-comparisons, the NIVACal 1 and 2, were made in 2002 as part of the activities of the validation of the MERIS sensor onboard ENVISAT. Eleven validation teams, represented by 20 laboratories, participated in these inter-comparisons. The algal pigment, chlorophyll a, was determined by either HPLC, spectrophotometric or fluorometric methods for samples of algal cultures, for natural samples collected off the coast of Norway, and for prepared pigment extracts. For both the HPLC and spectrophotometric results systematic errors were dominating. A few laboratories showed random errors. The coefficients of variation (CV) were determined after elimination of "outliers". The occurrence of "outliers" were frequent for both intercomparisons. The CV for the determined values of chlorophyll a for algal cultures during NIVACal 1, varied from 10 to 25% for the HPLC and from 5 to 25% for the spectrophotometric determination. The CV for the determined values of chlorophyll a in Case II water for natural samples in NIVACal 2 varied from 10 to 16% for HPLC and from 5 to 20% for the spectrophotometric results. The spectrophotometric results were more consistent between the laboratories. The range for CV was larger for the HPLC-based on chlorophyll a index for Case I water and ranged from 7% to 40%. An intercomparison based on prepared chlorophyll a extracts showed a CV of 8% to 15% for the HPLC and 5% for the spectrophotometric method. Since the CV for analysing the extracts was lower than for extraction and analysis of regular samples, the extraction procedures contribute significantly to the total variation. The recommendation for MERIS validation from this inter-comparison clearly show the importance of proper extraction procedures of the pigments and the use of common and agreed protocols.
Phase Locking Analysis of Motor Imagery in Brain-Computer Interface
Authors: Jianfeng Hu, Zhendong Mu, Jinli Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on BioMedical Engineering and Informatics - Volume 02 (2008)

Currently existing brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) extract feature vectors derived from amplitude information. However, they were not use the rich phase dynamics in the EEG. Phase synchronization was opposed to use for classification of motor imagery. In suitable time window, the electrodes of C3、C4 and central regions to match were selected and then Hilbert transform signal processing method was used for extracting the degree of phase synchronization between two electroencephalogram (EEG) signals by calculating the so-called phase locking value (PLV). The support vector machine (SVM) was used for classification of the motor imagery by a feature selection algorithm. It shows that the satisfactory results are obtained with single-trial accuracies of 92.5% and that synchronization differences between motor imagery depends upon frequency selection ,length of data and electrode selection.
Proceedings of the 2008 international workshop on Cooperative and human aspects of software engineering
Venue: International Conference on Software Engineering (2008)

Welcome to CHASE 2008. We are delighted to present a selection of excellent papers all focusing on the cooperative and human side of software engineering. We received 34 submissions to the workshop, and accepted 28 for presentation. Reflecting the diversity of software engineering research, the 28 accepted papers ranged in topic from data to theory, requirements to testing, ethnography to experiments, and individuals to organizations. The diversity of the papers is interesting in that it shows how broadly the notion of the cooperative and human aspects of software engineering can be applied. As we experience this renaissance in the study of the human and cooperative aspects, we hope that more such research will be produced and integrated successfully into the software engineering discipline. An understanding and accounting for of both the technical and human aspects will be necessary to enhance and progress software engineering research. We look forward to beginning to meet this challenge at CHASE 2008.