ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Modeling and Verification of Reactive Software Using LOTOS
Authors: Grzegorz Rogus, Tomasz Szmuc
Venue: Proceeding of the 2005 conference on Software Engineering: Evolution and Emerging Technologies (2005)

The paper describes a possibility of LOTOS language application for modelling and verification of reactive systems in specification and design stages of development process. The main idea lies in an examination of behavioural equivalences between two specifications related to different abstraction layers, or between an ideal fault-free model and system (or its part) specification in current development stage. A framework for using LOTOS and observational equivalence for verification of artifacts in the above mentioned development stages is proposed in the paper. The concept is examined on example presented in the final part.
Behavior of base isolation systems under complex dynamic actions
Authors: Polidor Bratu, Aurelia Mihalcea
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th WSEAS international conference on Automation & information (2009)

Construction of passive insulation elements in neoprene single microstructure mixture has demonstrated that the isolators can have the necessary elastic characteristics but low internal damping. The reduced scale models have in the structure viscoelastic materials basing on natural rubber symmetrically distributed in respect to the geometrical reference system conveniently chosen for the isolator. For the first part of the present paper there were used two material types modeled as Voigt-Kelvin and Hooke-Maxwell elements. The second part deals with a new vibration isolation systems intended for vibrations characterized by low tuning of the eigen frequency. The damping as well as the elastic characteristics are presented both for the whole system and its component elements, in three passive isolation versions. The final part treats the complex matter of base isolation against dynamic actions occurred as vibration or seismic wave. The base isolation principle is described using passive viscoelastic elements in neoprene.
Optimal Policies for Inventory Systems with Separate Delivery-Request and Order-Quantity Decisions
Authors: Qing Li, Xiaoli Wu, Ki Ling Cheung
Venue: Operations Research (2009)

Motivated by logistics practices, we consider a retailer that replenishes its inventory by making a delivery request without specifying a quantity, then deciding the quantity when the delivery vehicle arrives after one period. A fixed cost is incurred whenever a delivery request is made, regardless of the quantity ordered later. The new feature of this research relative to previous work is the separation of the delivery request and the quantity decision, or the postponement of ordering until one-period demand information is observed. Due to such separation, both the state space and the action space must be augmented in the model. We show that the optimal policy for delivery requests is of a threshold type: A delivery request is made if and only if the inventory on hand is below a threshold. The optimal decision on ordering is more complex, and there might be multiple order-up-to levels. Our numerical studies show, nonetheless, that the cost of an ordering policy that considers (at most) two order-up-to levels is close to the minimal when the planning horizon is not too short. We also identify conditions under which a base-stock policy is optimal for ordering. To understand the effects of ordering postponement, we compare our model with the traditional model in which the two decisions must be made at the same time. We show that postponement leads not only to a lower cost, but also a higher threshold for making delivery requests.
What intellectual property law should learn from software
Authors: James Boyle
Venue: Communications of the ACM (2009)

Software's close encounters with the law provide some lessons for our future.
Hybrid Dynamical Models of Human Motion for the Recognition of Human Gaits
Authors: Alessandro Bissacco, Stefano Soatto
Venue: International Journal of Computer Vision (2009)

We propose a hybrid dynamical model of human motion and develop a classification algorithm for the purpose of analysis and recognition. We assume that some temporal statistics are extracted from the images, and use them to infer a dynamical model that explicitly represents ground contact events. Such events correspond to "switches" between symmetric sets of hidden parameters in an auto-regressive model. We propose novel algorithms to estimate switches and model parameters, and develop a distance between such models that explicitly factors out exogenous inputs that are not unique to an individual or his/her gait. We show that such a distance is more discriminative than the distance between simple linear systems for the task of gait recognition.
Asymptotic stabilization via control by interconnection of port-Hamiltonian systems
Authors: Fernando Castaños, Romeo Ortega, Arjan van der Schaft, Alessandro Astolfi
Venue: Automatica (Journal of IFAC) (2009)

We study the asymptotic properties of control by interconnection, a passivity-based controller design methodology for stabilization of port-Hamiltonian systems. It is well-known that the method, in its basic form, imposes some unnatural controller initialization to yield asymptotic stability of the desired equilibrium. We propose two different ways to overcome this restriction, one based on adaptation ideas, and the other one adding an extra damping injection to the controller. The analysis and design principles are illustrated through an academic example.
Computational phenotype derived from physiological time series: application to sleep data analysis
Authors: Kenneth A. Loparo
Venue:  (2008)

The focus of this dissertation is about contributing to medical research primarily in the areas of collection, processing, analysis, modeling and interpretation of physiological and biological data. The inspiration has been to understand and interrelate different biological and physiological phenomena through a study of observed data by the means of different nonlinear and stochastic signal processing techniques.I particularly study the process of Sleep as a very important physiological phenomenon with the objective of uncovering its relationship with other aspects of biology and physiology. I develop number of novel time series measures that can be used to quantify temporal patterns of this process. I also proposed that these measures can be used as biomarkers for both SDB (Sleep Disorder Breathing) as well as related metabolic disorders. Traditional indices derived from Polysomnography (PSG) data that are available to characterize disease phenotypes have been used to establish associations between Sleep Disorder Breathing (SDB) and other diseases. Although these indices can quantify the severity of SDB to some extent, they do not capture or quantify the dynamic patterns of the sleep process. Consequently, less attention has been given to the temporal patterns of sleep and their relationship to health, the natural aging process, and disease. In this study, we propose novel time series measures that can quantify the temporal patterns of sleep as computational phenotypes and propose that these measures can be used as biomarkers for both SDB as well as related metabolic disorders.
Image guided respiratory motion analysis: time series and image registration
Authors: Jeffrey A. Fessler
Venue:  (2008)

The efficacy of Image guided radiation therapy (IGRT) systems relies on accurately extracting, modeling and predicting tumor movement with imaging techniques. This thesis investigates two key problems associated with such systems: motion modeling and image processing. For thoracic and upper abdominal tumors, respiratory motion is the dominant factor for tumor movement. We have studied several special structured time series analysis techniques to incorporate the semi-periodicity characteristics of respiratory motion. The proposed methods are robust towards large variations among fractions and populations; the algorithms perform stably in the presence of sparse radiographic observations with noise. We have proposed a subspace projection method to quantitatively evaluate the semi-periodicity of a given observation trace; a nonparametric local regression approach for real-time prediction of respiratory motion; a state augmentation scheme to model hysteresis; and an ellipse tracking algorithm to estimate the trend of respiratory motion in real time. For image processing, we have focused on designing regularizations to account for prior information in image registration problems. We investigated a penalty function design that accommodates tissue-type-dependent elasticity information. We studied a class of discontinuity preserving regularizers that yield smooth deformation estimates in most regions, yet allow discontinuities supported by data. We have further proposed a discriminate regularizer that preserves shear discontinuity, but discourages folding or vacuum generating flows. In addition, we have initiated a preliminary principled study on the fundamental performance limit of image registration problems. We proposed a statistical generative model to account for noise effect in both source and target images, and investigated the approximate performance of the maximum-likelihood estimator corresponding to the generative model and the commonly adopted M-estimator. A simple example suggests that the approximation is reasonably accurate. Our studies in both time series analysis and image registration constitute essential building-blocks for clinical applications such as adaptive treatment. Besides their theoretical interests, it is our sincere hope that with further justifications, the proposed techniques would realize its clinical value, and improve the quality of life for patients.
New abundant solutions for the Burgers equation
Authors: Alvaro H. Salas S., Cesar A. Gomez S, Jairo Ernesto Castillo Hernańdez
Venue: Computers Mathematics with Applications (2009)

This paper applies a new modified Exp-function method to search for exact solitary solutions of the Burgers equation. Using the imaginary transformation suggested by He and Wu, solitary solutions can be easily converted into periodic or compacton-like solutions. Many new solutions are appearing for the first time in the open literature.
Experience it, draw it, rate it: capture children's experiences with their drawings
Authors: Diana Xu, Janet C. Read, Gavin Sim, Barbara McManus
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Interaction Design and Children (2009)

This paper investigates the use of drawings as a tool for the evaluation of children's interfaces. In the study, children's experiences on a variety of computer interfaces were captured in drawings. A group of four researchers participated in the coding of the drawings, before the results were aggregated and statistically analysed. The evaluation of the approach is positive: the chosen drawing method could be used easily and was effective in conveying the user experience from the drawings; a number of the drawings conveyed information pertaining to user experiences: fun (F), goal fit (GF) and tangible magic (TM); the method was found generally reliable at capturing all three elements and particularly reliable at capturing fun.
A Tripartite Scorecard for the Pay/No pay Decision-Making in the Retail Banking Industry
Authors: Maria Rocha Sousa, Joaquim Pinto da Costa
Venue: Proceeding of the 2008 conference on Applications of Data Mining in E-Business and Finance (2008)

Traditionally retail banks have supported the credit decision-making on scorecards developed for predicting default in a six-month period or more. However, the underlying pay/no pay cycles justify a decision in a 30-day period. In this work several classification models are built on this assumption. We start by assessing binary scorecards, assigning credit applicants to good or bad risk classes according to their record of defaulting. The detection of a critical region between good and bad risk classes, together with the opportunity of manually classifying some of the credit applicants, led us to develop a tripartite scorecard, with a third output class, the review class, in-between the good and bad classes. With this model 87% decisions are automated, which compares favourably with the 79% automation rate of the actual scorecards.
Improving the Scalability of SimGrid Using Dynamic Routing
Authors: Silas Munck, Kurt Vanmechelen, Jan Broeckhove
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computational Science: Part I (2009)

Research into large-scale distributed systems often relies on the use of simulation frameworks in order to bypass the disadvantages of performing experiments on real testbeds. SimGrid is such a framework, that is widely used and mature. However, we have identified a scalability problem in SimGrid's network simulation layer that limits the number of hosts one can incorporate in a simulation. For modeling large-scale systems such as grids this is unfortunate, as the simulation of systems with tens of thousands of hosts is required. This paper describes how we have overcome this limitation through more efficient storage methods for network topology and routing information. It also describes our use of dynamic routing calculations as an alternative to the current SimGrid method which relies on a static routing table. This reduces the memory footprint of the network simulation layer significantly, at the cost of a modest increase in the runtime of the simulation. We evaluate the effect of our approach quantitatively in a number of experiments.
Almost sure exponential stability of stochastic cellular neural networks with unbounded distributed delays
Authors: Chuangxia Huang, Jinde Cao
Venue: Neurocomputing (2009)

In this paper, a cellular neural network whose state variables are governed by stochastic non-linear integro-differential equations is investigated. The considered delays are distributed continuously over unbounded intervals. By applying the Lyapunov functional method, the semimartingale convergence theorem, and some inequality technique, we obtain some sufficient criteria to check the almost sure exponential stability of the system, which generalizes and improves some earlier publications. Two examples are also given to demonstrate our results.
Towards a formal model of autonomic services based on SelfLets
Authors: Stefania Pacifici, Matteo Rossi
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 ICSE Workshop on Principles of Engineering Service Oriented Systems (2009)

Autonomic services are suitable building blocks for highly dynamic applications that must adapt to changing environments, contexts, requirements. When these applications combine a high level of dynamism with dependability requirements (e.g., healthcare systems), the components on which they are built must be precisely designed and their properties must be well understood. Modeling these components in a formal way can help in this regard. In this paper we present the nucleus of a formal model of the concept of SelfLet, which is the building block of an autonomic infrastructure that is being developed in our research group. The formal model includes the core elements that are related to service invocation and execution; it constitutes a solid foundation facilitating and predisposed for the addition of the concepts that have yet to be formalized.
Hardware design, prototyping and studies of the explicit multi-threading (xmt) paradigm
Authors: Uzi Vishkin
Venue:  (2008)

With the end of exponential performance improvements in sequential computers, parallel computers, dubbed "chip multiprocessor", "multicore", or "manycore", has been introduced. Unfortunately, programming current parallel computers tends to be far more difficult than programming sequential computers. The Parallel Random Access Model (PRAM) is known to be an easy-to-program parallel computer model and has been widely used by theorists to develop parallel algorithms because it abstracts away architecture details and allows algorithm designers to focus on critical issues. The eXplicit Multi-Threading (XMT) PRAM-On-Chip project seeks to build an easy-to-program on-chip parallel processor by supporting a PRAM-like programming (performance) model. This dissertation focuses on the design, study of the micro-architecture of the XMT processor as well as performance optimization.The main contributions are:(1) Presented a scalable micro-architecture of the XMT based on high level description of the architecture. (2) Designed a synthesizable Verilog HDL (hardware design language) description of XMT, which lead to the first commitment to the silicon of the XMT processor, a 75 MHz XMT FPGA computer. With the same design, we expect to see the first XMT ASIC processor using IBM 90nm technology. (3) Proposed and implemented some architecture upgrades to the XMT: (i) value broadcasting, (ii) hardware/software comanaged prefetch buffers and (iii) hardware/software co-managed read-only buffers. (4) Quantitatively studied the performance of XMT using non-trivial application kernels with the 75 MHz XMT FPGA computer, in addition, the performance of a 800MHz XMT processor is projected. (5) The choice of not having local private caches in the XMT architecture is studied by comparing current architecture with an alternative one that includes conventional coherent private caches.
Alternating group method for fifth order dispersive equations
Authors: Bin Zheng, Qinghua Feng
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th american conference on Applied mathematics (2009)

In this paper, we present a group of saul'yev asymmetry schemes, and then construct a class of alternating group method for fifth order dispersive equations. The method has the intrinsic property of parallelism. Results of numerical experiments show the method is of nearly the same accuracy as the full implicit scheme.
Synchronization between Two Different Chaotic Neural Networks with Fully Unknown Parameters
Authors: Yinghui Xie, Zengqi Sun, Fushan Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Neural Networks: Advances in Neural Networks - Part II (2009)

This paper presents the adaptive synchronization between two different chaotic neural networks with fully unknown parameters and with time-delay. Based on the Lyapunov stability theory, the delay-dependent adaptive synchronization controller is designed to asymptotically synchronizing two different chaotic neural networks. A parameter update law is also given. The designed controller can easily be implemented in practice. An illustrative example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the present method.
MINTS: A general framework and tool for supporting test-suite minimization
Authors: Hwa-You Hsu, Alessandro Orso
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE 31st International Conference on Software Engineering (2009)

Test-suite minimization techniques aim to eliminate redundant test cases from a test-suite based on some criteria, such as coverage or fault-detection capability. Most existing test-suite minimization techniques have two main limitations: they perform minimization based on a single criterion and produce suboptimal solutions. In this paper, we propose a test-suite minimization framework that overcomes these limitations by allowing testers to (1) easily encode a wide spectrum of test-suite minimization problems, (2) handle problems that involve any number of criteria, and (3) compute optimal solutions by leveraging modern integer linear programming solvers. We implemented our framework in a tool, called MINTS, that is freely-available and can be interfaced with a number of different state-of-the-art solvers. Our empirical evaluation shows that MINTS can be used to instantiate a number of different test-suite minimization problems and efficiently find an optimal solution for such problems using different solvers.
On Level-Set Type Methods for Recovering Piecewise Constant Solutions of Ill-Posed Problems
Authors: Adriano Decezaro, Antonio Leitão, Xue-Cheng Tai
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Scale Space and Variational Methods in Computer Vision (2009)

We propose a regularization method for solving ill-posed problems, under the assumption that the solutions are piecewise constant functions with unknown level sets and unknown level values. A level set framework is established for the inverse problem and a Tikhonov regularization approach is proposed. Existence of generalized minimizers for the Tikhonov functional is proven. Moreover, we establish convergence and stability results, characterizing our Tikhonov approach as a regularization method. Based on the necessary conditions of optimality for the Tikhonov functional, a level-set type method is derived and implemented numerically for solving an inverse source problem. This allow us to test the quality of the proposed algorithm.
Scala and Lift—Functional Recipes for the Web
Authors: Debasish Ghosh, Steve Vinoski
Venue: IEEE Internet Computing (2009)

Today, there's significant interest in functional languages and frameworks that fit the Web better than imperative languages. We explore Scala, an OO-functional language on the Java virtual machine, and Lift, a framework implemented on Scala's functional features. The Scala language offers functional programming features and asynchronous message-passing concurrency alongside a statically typed model. Lift exploits this model to offer secure, higher-level abstractions to Web developers.
Effect of micro tensile sample&#x2019;s cross section shape on the strength of weld line in micro injection molding process
Authors: Lei Xie, Gerhard Ziegmann, Marcus Hlavac, Ronald Wittmer
Venue: Microsystem Technologies (2009)

As a suitable mass and cost efficiency fabrication method, micro injection molding is doing a very good performance in micro plastic parts production. The mold design is an important part affecting micro parts properties. In this study, a micro injection mold with multi cavities of micro tensile bar is used. These micro cavities are fabricated by a micro milling process in different cross section shapes (semicircle R&#x00a0;=&#x00a0;0.5&#x00a0;mm, equilateral triangle D&#x00a0;=&#x00a0;0.3&#x00a0;mm, and trapezoid D&#x00a0;=&#x00a0;0.336&#x00a0;mm t&#x00a0;=&#x00a0;0.2&#x00a0;mm bottom angle&#x00a0;=&#x00a0;95&#x00b0;). With an Arburg&#x00ae; 320C injection molding machine, micro tensile test sample are prepared in different processing parameters so that a correlation between the cross section shapes with micro weld line strength in different conditions could be investigated by tensile test. Final results show that when the cross section shape is different, their corresponding weld line strength is also different. Equilateral triangle cross section is leading to strongest weld line, and then followed by trapezoid, semi-circle is the last. By analysis of these tensile test results, the quantitative factor a is defined as the ratio of perimeter to area of cross section shape, and higher a value is corresponding stronger weld line. After weld line strength comparison in different processing conditions, the results show that higher injection pressure induced to lower weld line strength whatever the cross section shape is. By higher mold and melt temperature, equilateral triangle cross section gives improved weld line strength. But mold and melt temperature affect weld line strength negative for other cross section shapes.
Coarse Qualitative Model of 3-D Orientation
Authors: Julio Pacheco, Ma. Teresa Escrig
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on Artificial Intelligence Research and Development (2006)

The 2-D orientation model of Freksa and Zimmerman has been extended into a 3-D orientation model by Pacheco, Escrig and Toledo for fine information. W hen the information provided to the system is coarse or it is advisable to reduce the processing time of the reasoning process, it is necessary to define a coarse 3-D orientation model. The 3-D Pacheco et al.'s orientation model has been coarsen into three models, (a length coarse model, a height coarse model and a general coarse model). In this paper the algorithm which integrates the coarse and the fine 3-D orientation models has also been explained.