ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Towards automatic image region annotation: image region textual coreference resolution
Authors: Emilia Apostolova, Dina Demner-Fushman
Venue: Proceedings of Human Language Technologies: The 2009 Annual Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Companion Volume: Short Papers (2009)

Detailed image annotation necessary for reliable image retrieval involves not only annotating the image as a single artifact, but also annotating specific objects or regions within the image. Such detailed annotation is a costly endeavor and the available annotated image data are quite limited. This paper explores the feasibility of using image captions from scientific journals for the purpose of automatically annotating image regions. Salient image clues, such as an object location within the image or an object color, together with the associated explicit object mention, are extracted and classified using rule-based and SVM learners.
Working in Multi-locational Office --- How Do Collaborative Working Environments Support?
Authors: Matti Vartiainen
Venue: Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Human Centered Design: Held as Part of HCI International 2009 (2009)

Multi-locational, distributed and mobile work has increased much during last years enabled by wireless connections, mobile devices and internet. This development provides possibilities to arrange work in new ways by using physical, virtual and social spaces in creative manners. There are, however, some hindrances in these very same environments that prevent achieving all of potential benefits as shown in this study. The analysis of the first phase of a developmental process shows that political decisions, organizational culture issues, costs and availability of technologies, and missing competences may slow down the implementation of the `Multi-ocational Office Model'.
Reduction of ground-based sensor sites for spatio-temporal analysis of aerosols
Authors: Vladan Radosavljevic, Slobodan Vucetic, Zoran Obradovic
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Knowledge Discovery from Sensor Data (2009)

In many remote sensing applications it is important to use multiple sensors to be able to understand the major spatio-temporal distribution patterns of an observed phenomenon. A particular remote sensing application addressed in this study is estimation of an important property of atmosphere, called Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD). Remote sensing data for AOD estimation are collected from ground and satellite-based sensors. Satellite-based measurements can be used as attributes for estimation of AOD and in this way could lead to better understanding of spatio-temporal aerosol patterns on a global scale. Ground-based AOD estimation is more accurate and is traditionally used as ground-truth information in validation of satellite-based AOD estimations. In contrast to this traditional role of ground-based sensors, a data mining approach allows more active use of ground-based measurements as labels in supervised learning of a regression model for AOD estimation from satellite measurements. Considering the high operational costs of ground-based sensors, we are studying a budget-cut scenario that requires a reduction in a number of ground-based sensors. To minimize loss of information, the objective is to retain sensors that are the most useful as a source of labeled data. The proposed goodness criterion for the selection is how close the accuracy of a regression model built on data from a reduced sensor set is to the accuracy of a model built of the entire set of sensors. We developed an iterative method that removes sensors one by one from locations where AOD can be predicted most accurately using training data from the remaining sites. Extensive experiments on two years of globally distributed AERONET ground-based sensor data provide strong evidence that sensors selected using the proposed algorithm are more informative than the competing approaches that select sensors at random or that select sensors based on spatial diversity.
Grammatical framework web service
Authors: Björn Bringert, Krasimir Angelov, Aarne Ranta
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Demonstrations Session (2009)

We present a web service for natural language parsing, prediction, generation, and translation using grammars in Portable Grammar Format (PGF), the target format of the Grammatical Framework (GF) grammar compiler. The web service implementation is open source, works with any PGF grammar, and with any web server that supports FastCGI. The service exposes a simple interface which makes it possible to use it for interactive natural language web applications. We describe the functionality and interface of the web service, and demonstrate several applications built on top of it.
Efficient algorithms for 2D area management and online task placement on runtime reconfigurable FPGAs
Authors: Zonghua Gu, Weichen Liu, Jiang Xu, Jin Cui, Xiuqiang He, Qingxu Deng
Venue: Microprocessors Microsystems (2009)

Partial Runtime Reconfigurable (PRTR) FPGAs allow HW tasks to be placed and removed dynamically at runtime. We make two contributions in this paper. First, we present an efficient algorithm for finding the complete set of Maximal Empty Rectangles on a 2D PRTR FPGA. We also present a HW implementation of the algorithm with negligible runtime overhead. Second, we present an efficient online deadline-constrained task placement algorithm for minimizing area fragmentation on the FPGA by using an area fragmentation metric that takes into account probability distribution of sizes of future task arrivals as well as the time axis. The techniques presented in this paper are useful in an operating system for runtime reconfigurable FPGAs to manage the HW resources on the FPGA when HW tasks that arrive and finish dynamically at runtime.
Research and Design of a Service Management System for Deadline Render Farm
Authors: Chaojian Fang, Yujiao Zhao, Zhengjun Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Environmental Science and Information Application Technology - Volume 02 (2009)

Deadline is a highly scalable and stable render management solution for 3D animators and IT administrators, and widely used in 3D digital content creation corporations. In this paper, we design a Service Management System that support managing user accounts and render fee, which is based on analyzing the functions and characters of Deadline render farm. Finally, we describe the principles of implementing main components of this system, including Cluster Manager, Data Collector and Data Processor.
The Frequency Offset Estimator Based on All-Phase FFT for OFDM Systems
Authors: Zhang Wen, Sun Shanlin
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Environmental Science and Information Application Technology - Volume 03 (2009)

Inter-Carriers Interference (IC1) caused by frequency offset can result in the performance loss of the OFDM system. Aiming at this problem, the method of All Phase FFT is proposed for reducing the IC1 and estimating frequency offset (CFO). Since the ICI energy and signal energy both contribute coherently to the estimator, the algorithm generates extremely accurate estimates even when the offset is far too great to demodulate the data values.
Accessibility of Registration Mechanisms in Social Networking Sites
Authors: Gabriele Meiselwitz, Jonathan Lazar
Venue: Proceedings of the 3d International Conference on Online Communities and Social Computing: Held as Part of HCI International 2009 (2009)

This paper discusses the use of social networking sites in higher education and the accessibility issues which arise for students using assistive technologies when they register for these systems. Many instructors incorporate social networking into their daily teaching by creating learning groups, enabling collaborative work, or just by simply synchronizing course items with students' personal sites within these networks. This study examines the registration process for several social networking sites. Sites were evaluated according to their compliance with Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act; evaluation also included the use of CAPTCHAs and the use of email for user identification. The paper concludes with a summary of the current status of registration processes for social networking sites and recommendations on how to improve the situation considering their application in higher education.
Application of Can-Bus in Embedded Vehicle Body Control System
Authors: Yanxia Liu, Shufen Li, Yuqiu Song
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 WASE International Conference on Information Engineering - Volume 02 (2009)

A new system design aggress with the CAN2.0B is put forward in the paper. It focus on the hardware and software design of intelligent node at the core of microprocessor S3C44B0, which is a SAMSUNG's 32-bit RISC high performance micro-controller. MCP2510 take as the CAN controller, which is a Full CAN protocol controller implementing CAN specification V2.0 A/B and receive standard and extended messages. In addition, the TJA1050 is the interface between the Controller Area Network (CAN) protocol controller and the physical bus. In addition, a fixed priority DM algorithm is used to assign the priority for each message and get a better result. In software, UC/OS-II multitask operation system is used. It is a indeed real time operation system suited for industrial control and better than anyone else.
Language-independent bilingual terminology extraction from a multilingual parallel corpus
Authors: Els Lefever, Lieve Macken, Veronique Hoste
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (2009)

We present a language-pair independent terminology extraction module that is based on a sub-sentential alignment system that links linguistically motivated phrases in parallel texts. Statistical filters are applied on the bilingual list of candidate terms that is extracted from the alignment output. We compare the performance of both the alignment and terminology extraction module for three different language pairs (French-English, French-Italian and French-Dutch) and highlight language-pair specific problems (e.g. different compounding strategy in French and Dutch). Comparisons with standard terminology extraction programs show an improvement of up to 20% for bilingual terminology extraction and competitive results (85% to 90% accuracy) for monolingual terminology extraction, and reveal that the linguistically based alignment module is particularly well suited for the extraction of complex multiword terms.
Building a graphetic dictionary for Japanese kanji: character look up based on brush strokes or stroke groups, and the display of kanji as path data
Authors: Ulrich Apel, Julien Quint
Venue: Proceedings of the Workshop on Enhancing and Using Electronic Dictionaries (2004)

Reading and writing Japanese isn't easy for Japanese and foreigners alike. While Japanese learn these skills at school, foreigners should be helped by good teaching material and dictionaries. Kanji lexica have to be very different from other dictionaries. Unfortunately existing lexica normally expect that the users already have a lot of information on a character to look it up---the character's stroke count, its radical or its pronunciation. Beginners normally don't have such information. This project creates data to allow for easier and more flexible look up of Japanese characters and to build better teaching material. It develops different approaches to make use of this data.
Touch & connect and touch & select: interacting with a computer by touching it with a mobile phone
Authors: Khoovirajsingh Seewoonauth, Enrico Rukzio, Robert Hardy, Paul Holleis
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services (2009)

Exchanging data between a mobile phone and a computer such as a laptop is still a very cumbersome process. This paper presents two different techniques, touch & connect and touch & select, designed help to overcome this problem and facilitate and speed up spontaneous interactions between such devices. Using touch & connect, the user can physically touch a computer in order to pair a Bluetooth connection and initiate a file transfer between these two devices. Touch & select extends this concept in that users can select a specific object or location on the computer screen by simply touching it with the mobile phone. We report the implementation of these interaction techniques based on Near Field Communication (NFC) tags and present a formal, comparative study focusing on transferring images. The results provide clear evidence of the advantages of touch & connect and touch & select when compared with current Bluetooth-based implementations. Considering task completion time for uploading and downloading pictures, touch & select was 43% and touch & connect 31% faster than the conventional Bluetooth-based approach.
Online acquisition of Japanese unknown morphemes using morphological constraints
Authors: Yugo Murawaki, Sadao Kurohashi
Venue: Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (2008)

We propose a novel lexicon acquirer that works in concert with the morphological analyzer and has the ability to run in online mode. Every time a sentence is analyzed, it detects unknown morphemes, enumerates candidates and selects the best candidates by comparing multiple examples kept in the storage. When a morpheme is unambiguously selected, the lexicon acquirer updates the dictionary of the analyzer, and it will be used in subsequent analysis. We use the constraints of Japanese morphology and effectively reduce the number of examples required to acquire a morpheme. Experiments show that unknown morphemes were acquired with high accuracy and improved the quality of morphological analysis.
Interaction Techniques for Binding Smartphones: A Desirability Evaluation
Authors: Umar Rashid, Aaron Quigley
Venue: Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Human Centered Design: Held as Part of HCI International 2009 (2009)

This paper reports on the use of guided interviews to evaluate the desirability of different interaction techniques for binding smartphones. We demonstrate five interaction techniques using storyboard sketches and cardboard prototypes of iPhones. The participants highlight five words from a list of adjectives that best describe their experience with each technique. For comparative evaluation, we group the highlighted adjectives for all techniques into a list of nouns and let the participants rank each technique on a 5-point Lickert scale with respect to these nouns. We discuss the implications of these results for the design of interaction techniques for smartphones.
High Density Data Storage: Principle, Technology, and Materials
Authors: Yanlin Song, Daoben Zhu
Venue:  (2009)

The explosive increase in information and the miniaturization of electronic devices demand new recording technologies and materials that combine high density, fast response, long retention time and rewriting capability. As predicted, the current silicon-based computer circuits are reaching their physical limits. Further miniaturization of the electronic components and increase in data storage density are vital for the next generation of IT equipment such as ultra high-speed mobile computing, communication devices and sophisticated sensors. This original book presents a comprehensive introduction to the significant research achievements on high-density data storage from the aspects of recording mechanisms, materials and fabrication technologies, which are promising for overcoming the physical limits of current data storage systems. The book serves as an useful guide for the development of optimized materials, technologies and device structures for future information storage, and will lead readers to the fascinating world of information technology in the future.
Sentence realisation from bag of words with dependency constraints
Authors: Karthik Gali, Sriram Venkatapathy
Venue: Proceedings of Human Language Technologies: The 2009 Annual Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Companion Volume: Student Research Workshop and Doctoral Consortium (2009)

In this paper, we present five models for sentence realisation from a bag-of-words containing minimal syntactic information. It has a large variety of applications ranging from Machine Translation to Dialogue systems. Our models employ simple and efficient techniques based on n-gram Language modeling. We evaluated the models by comparing the synthesized sentences with reference sentences using the standard BLEU metric (Papineni et al., 2001). We obtained higher results (BLEU score of 0.8156) when compared to the state-of-art results. In future, we plan to incorporate our sentence realiser in Machine Translation and observe its effect on the translation accuracies.
A supervised learning approach to automate the acquisition of knowledge in surveillance systems
Authors: J. Albusac, J. J. Castro-Schez, L. M. Lopez-Lopez, D. Vallejo, L. Jimenez-Linares
Venue: Signal Processing (2009)

This paper presents a machine learning-based method to build knowledge bases used to carry out surveillance tasks in environments monitored with video cameras. The method generates three sets of rules for each camera that allow to detect objects' anomalous behaviours depending on three parameters: object class, object position, and object speed. To deal with uncertainty and vagueness inherent in video surveillance we make use of fuzzy logic. Thanks to this approach we are able to generate a set of rules highly interpretable by security experts. Besides, the simplicity of the surveillance system offers high efficiency and short response time. The process of building the knowledge base and how to apply the generated sets of fuzzy rules is described in depth for a real environment.
Optimal value range in interval linear programming
Authors: Milan Hladík
Venue: Fuzzy Optimization and Decision Making (2009)

We deal with the linear programming problem in which input data can vary in some given real compact intervals. The aim is to compute the exact range of the optimal value function. We present a general approach to the situation the feasible set is described by an arbitrary linear interval system. Moreover, certain dependencies between the constraint matrix coefficients can be involved. As long as we are able to characterize the primal and dual solution set (the set of all possible primal and dual feasible solutions, respectively), the bounds of the objective function result from two nonlinear programming problems. We demonstrate our approach on various cases of the interval linear programming problem (with and without dependencies).
Evidences of cognitive effects over auditory steady-state responses by means of artificial neural networks and its use in brain-computer interfaces
Authors: M. -A. Lopez, Hector Pomares, Francisco Pelayo, Jose Urquiza, Javier Perez
Venue: Neurocomputing (2009)

The auditory steady-state response is an EEG potential elicited by the repetitive presentation of auditory stimuli. Researchers have found contradictory results about the influence of cognitive tasks, such as the selective attention, over this potential. It has been proved that selective attention is able to modulate cortex originated steady-state responses, such as the visual. This fact has been widely used to develop brain-computer interfaces. However for complete locked-in patients, such as those in an advanced state of Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, visual stimuli are not longer suitable, hence the need of another type of stimulus, generally auditory, for both stimulation and feedback. In this paper we present a study based on artificial neural networks that evidences the effects of selective attention over auditory steady-state responses and the use in brain-computer interfaces is discussed.
Dwelling time probability density distribution of instances in a workflow model
Authors: Liu Sheng, Fan Yushun, Lin Huiping
Venue: Computers and Industrial Engineering (2009)

This paper presents a method to judge whether a business process is successful or not. A business process is deemed successful if a large enough proportion of instances dwell in a workflow (wait and be executed) for less than given period. By analyzing instances' dwelling time distribution in a workflow, the proportion of instances which dwell in the workflow for less than any given period will be achieved. The performance analysis of workflow model plays an important role in the research of workflow techniques and efficient implementation of workflow management. It includes the analysis of instances' dwelling time distribution in a workflow process. Multidimensional workflow net (MWF-net) includes multiple timing workflow nets (TWF-nets) and the organization and resource information. The processes of transaction instances form a queuing model in which the transaction instances act as customers and the resources act as servers. The key contribution of this paper is twofold. First, this paper presents a theoretical method to calculate the instances' dwelling time probability density in a workflow where the activities are structured and predictable. Second, by this method the analysis of instances' dwelling time distribution and satisfactory degree based on dwelling time can be achieved. The service time of an instance is specified by the firing delay of the corresponding transition (executing time of the corresponding activity). It is assumed that the service request (processing of a transaction instance) arrives with exponentially distributed inter-arrival times and the firing delay of a transition (executing time of the corresponding activity) follows exponential distribution. Then, the instances' dwelling time probability density analysis in each activity and each control structure of a workflow model is performed. According to the above results a method is proposed for computing the instances' dwelling time probability density in a workflow model. Finally an example is used to show that the proposed method can be effectively utilized in practice.
A Tentative Approach to the Evaluation Model of Web-Based Distance Education for the Deaf
Authors: Li Qiang, Ma Ming, Bao Guodong
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Forum on Information Technology and Applications - Volume 03 (2009)

Constructing an effective evaluation model is an important mission for distance education workers. Based on the features and requirements of web-education, this paper designs a teaching evaluation model for the deaf on web-based distance education. This paper is aimed to introduce the model, and introduces it on the aspects of web-teaching' features and evaluation process.
8th International Special Session on Current Trends in Numerical Simulation for Parallel Engineering Environments
Authors: Carsten Trinitis, Michael Bader, Martin Schulz
Venue: Proceedings of the 16th European PVM/MPI Users' Group Meeting on Recent Advances in Parallel Virtual Machine and Message Passing Interface (2009)

In today's world, the use of parallel programming and architectures is essential for simulating practical problems in engineering and related disciplines. Significant progress in CPU architecture (multi- and many-core CPUs, SMT, transactional memory, virtualization support, shared caches etc.) system scalability, and interconnect technology, continues to provide new opportunities, as well as new challenges for both system architects and software developers.