ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
A Fuzzy Neural Network Model with Application to Telecommunications Business
Authors: Yongping Li, Rongjun Li
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Services Computing (2006)

There are many factors involved in a revenue-forecasting problem of telecommunications business (TB), which are not independent and conflicted with each other. The traditional methods of forecasting TB revenues are based on regression analysis, but the precisions of the results are usually not satisfied in practice. In this study, statistical analysis is first used to evaluate factors and then the main factors are selected as inputs to construct a neural network model combined with fuzzy rules. Furthermore, the fuzzy neural network (FNN) model is applied to predict the revenue of a specific telecommunications business. The results indicate that the developed FNN model satisfies practical requirements and is possible to expand to other business applications, such as customers' evaluation and financial risk pre-warning. To make this clearer, an illustrative example is given for demonstration.
Nearly shiftable scaling functions
Authors: S. A. Benno, J. M. F. Moura
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1995. on International Conference - Volume 02 (1995)

The goal of the paper is to derive an approach for designing nearly shiftable scaling functions for multiresolution analyses (MRAs). Because this method does not increase the sampling density, the sparseness and efficiency of a dyadic grid is preserved. It contrasts with other attempts for the same problem which suffer either from oversampling or from being computationally expensive and data dependent. The algorithm reshapes a starting scaling function by modifying the Zak transform of its energy spectral density (ESD). The paper shows that although the modified signal does not strictly satisfy the 2-scale equation, the approximation error is sufficiently small. The result is a wavelet representation whose subband energy is "nearly" invariant to translations of its input. The paper illustrates this property with specific examples.
News: New Perils in Hosted Data?
Authors: Greg Goth
Venue: IEEE Distributed Systems Online (2006)

Google's Search Across Computers feature lets registered users search the documents on any of their computers via indexed copies stored temporarily on Google servers. The new feature represents only one of many online service innovations that current network capabilities encourage--and current laws allow. Legal scholars have joined technologists to resolve the potential data-exposure risks without stifling the development of new and useful online services.
Pre-processing methodology for optimizing stereolithography apparatus build performance
Authors: V. Canellidis, V. Dedoussis, N. Mantzouratos, S. Sofianopoulou
Venue: Computers in Industry (2006)

The performance of a rapid prototyping technology depends, to a great extent, on the way parts are oriented and packed on the machine's build platform. The present work focuses on stereolithography systems. It describes a pre-processing methodology that 'automates' the procedure of finding 'good' fabrication orientations and packing arrangements. The method proposed consists of two separate, but interrelated, stages: the orientation and the packing stage. At first, each part is appropriately oriented to achieve better surface quality and either minimal support structure or lower build time or minimal projection area. The second stage considers the projections of the parts on the fabrication platform. The associated 2D bin-packing problem is addressed by a genetic algorithm in conjunction with a new improved placement rule. The performance of the present approach is demonstrated via two sets of case studies, which concern simple nearly orthogonal-shaped parts and representative 'real-world' objects/parts.
The Influence of Semantic and Syntactic Context Constraints on Lexical Selection and Integration in Spoken-Word Comprehension as Revealed by ERPs
Authors: Daniëlle Van Den Brink
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2004)

An event-related brain potential experiment was carried out to investigate the influence of semantic and syntactic context constraints on lexical selection and integration in spoken-word comprehension. Subjects were presented with constraining spoken sentences that contained a critical word that was either (a) congruent, (b) semantically and syntactically incongruent, but beginning with the same initial phonemes as the congruent critical word, or (c) semantically and syntactically incongruent, beginning with phonemes that differed from the congruent critical word. Relative to the congruent condition, an N200 effect reflecting difficulty in the lexical selection process was obtained in the semantically and syntactically incongruent condition where word onset differed from that of the congruent critical word. Both incongruent conditions elicited a large N400 followed by a left anterior negativity (LAN) time-locked to the moment of word category violation and a P600 effect. These results would best fit within a cascaded model of spoken-word processing, proclaiming an optimal use of contextual information during spoken-word identification by allowing for semantic and syntactic processing to take place in parallel after bottom-up activation of a set of candidates, and lexical integration to proceed with a limited number of candidates that still match the acoustic input.
A Study of Objective Quality Assessment Metrics for Video Codec Design and Evaluation
Authors: M. Martinez-Rach, O. Lopez, P. Pinol, M. P. Malumbres, J. Oliver
Venue: Proceedings of the Eighth IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia (2006)

When comparing the performance of different video coding approaches, improvements or new codec designs, one of the most important performance metrics is the Rate/Distortion (R/D), where distortion use to be measured in terms of PSNR (Peak Signal-to- Noise Ratio) values. However, it is well known that this metric not always capture the distortion perceived by the human being. So, a lot efforts were performed to define an objective video quality metric that is able to measure video quality distortion close to the one perceived for the destination user. In this work, we perform a study of different available objective quality metrics in order to evaluate their behaviour, taking as reference the classical PSNR metric. Our purpose is to find, if any, a video quality metric that is able to substitute PSNR for video quality assessment and determine a more accurate R/D performance metric when designing and evaluating video codec proposals.
Designing Translation Invariant Operators for Financial Time Series Forecasting
Authors: Ricardo de A. Araujo, Robson P. de Sousa, Tiago A. E. Ferreira
Venue: Proceedings of the Ninth Brazilian Symposium on Neural Networks (2006)

This work presents an adaptive evolutionary method for designing translation invariant operators, via Matheron decomposition by dilations or erosions and via Banon and Barrera decomposition by sup-generators or infgenerators, for financial time series forecasting. It consists of an intelligent adaptive evolutionary model composed of a modular morphological neural network (MMNN) and an adaptive genetic algorithm (AGA), which searches for the minimum number of time lags (and their corresponding specific positions) to represent the time series and the weights, architecture and number of modules of the MMNN. An experimental analysis is conducted with the proposed method by using two real world financial time series, and the experimental results are discussed according to five performance measures.
Energy-efficient broadcasting in all-wireless networks
Authors: Mario Čagalj, Jean-Pierre Hubaux, Christian C. Enz
Venue: Wireless Networks (2005)

In all-wireless networks, minimizing energy consumption is crucial as in most cases the nodes are battery-operated. We focus on the problem of power-optimal broadcast, for which it is well known that the broadcast nature of radio transmissions can be exploited to optimize energy consumption. This problem appears to be difficult to solve [30]. We provide a formal proof of NP-completeness for the general case and give an NP-completeness result for the geometric case; in the former, the network topology is represented by a generic graph with arbitrary weights, whereas in the latter a Euclidean distance is considered. For the general case, we show that it cannot be approximated better than O(log N), where N is the total number of nodes. We then describe an approximation algorithm that achieves the O(log N) approximation ratio. We also describe a new heuristic, Embedded Wireless Multicast Advantage. We show that it compares well with other proposals and we explain how it can be distributed.
To Overtest Or Not To Overtest - More Questions Than Answers
Authors: Irith Pomeranz
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th Asian Test Symposium (2006)

Overtesting occurs when a defect that would not be detected under functional operation conditions of a chip is detected due to non-functional conditions created during test application. More generally, overtesting refers to a failure of a chip that occurs during test application when the chip would operate correctly in functional mode. Thus, overtesting results in yield loss that is arguably unnecessary. Overtesting was reported under two-pattern scan-based tests applied for detecting transition faults. However, a wider range of test and defect types may be involved in overtesting. This talk reviews the existing methodologies for addressing overtesting. These methodologies can be broadly classified as based on redundant faults, or based on operation conditions. Methodologies based on redundant faults attempt to prevent faults, which do not affect the functional operation of the circuit, from being detected. Methodologies based on operation conditions attempt to ensure that non-functional operation, which is made possible by scan (or other designfor- testability logic), is avoided. Functional operation conditions in these methodologies are defined to occur when the circuit is in its reachable state space. For a synchronizable circuit, this includes every state that the circuit can visit after synchronization. This talk discusses the fundamental differences between these methodologies, their advantages and limitations. The differences between the methodologies can be seen from the following.
A new algorithm for online uniform-machine scheduling to minimize the makespan
Authors: T. C. E. Cheng, C. T. Ng, Vladimir Kotov
Venue: Information Processing Letters (2006)

We consider the online scheduling problem with m - 1, m ≥ 2, uniform machines each with a processing speed of 1, and one machine with a speed of s, 1 ≤ s ≤ 2, to minimize the makespan. The well-known list scheduling (LS) algorithm has a worst-case bound of (3m - 1)/(m + 1) [Y. Cho, S. Sahni, Bounds for list schedules on uniform processors, SIAM J. Comput. 9 (1980) 91-103]. An algorithm with a better competitive ratio was proposed in [R. Li, L. Shi, An on-line algorithm for some uniform processor scheduling, SIAM J. Comput. 27 (1998) 414-422]. It has a worst-case bound of 2.8795 for a big m and s = 2. In this note we present a 2.45-competitive algorithm for m ≥ 4 and any s, 1 ≤ s ≤ 2.
The elastic field of a surface step: the Marchenko-Parshin formula in the linear case
Authors: Cameron R. Connell, Russel E. Caflisch, Erding Luo, Geoff Simms
Venue: Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics (2006)

Strain has significance for both the growth characteristics and material properties of thin epitaxial films. In this work, the method of lattice statics is applied to an epitaxial system with cubic symmetry, using harmonic potentials. The energy density and force balance equations are written using a finite difference formalism that clearly shows their consistency with continuum elasticity. For simplicity, the atomic interactions are assumed to be maximally localized. For a layered material system with a material/vacuum interface and with surface steps, force balance equations are derived, and intrinsic surface stress at the material/vacuum interface is included by treating the atoms at the surface as having different elastic properties. By defining the strain relative to an appropriately chosen nonequilibrium lattice, as in the method of eigenstrains, analytic formulas in terms of microscopic parameters are found for the local force field near a step and for the macroscopic monopole and dipole moment forces due to a step. These results provide an atomistic validation of the Marchenko-Parshin formula for the dipole moment in terms of the elastic surface stress.
Combining simulation with RTN optimization for multi-product chemical processes
Authors: Scott J. Bury, Naoko Akiya, Jeff Ferrio
Venue: Proceedings of the 36th conference on Winter simulation (2004)

Planners of batch chemical processes face a wide range of challenges when scheduling production to ensure adequate product to fill promised orders. Today, solving these scheduling problems using rigorous optimization methods is feasible in the standard business time frame, ie, fast enough that the user perceives that it makes their job easier. This case-study will present multi-product batch optimal scheduling using Resource-Task Networks (RTN). Although this deterministic approach is successful, the stochastic nature of the process inevitably leads to rescheduling. The structure of the RTN allows for nearly one-to-one mapping into a discrete-event simulation (DES). The DES allows us to refine the grid size and input parameters for the optimization. The DES also allows for quantitative comparisons between "by-hand" schedules and the proposed optimal schedules from the RTN. This combined approach of discrete-event simulation and deterministic optimization has provided rapid improvements in the scheduling technology.
Common Vulnerability Scoring System
Authors: Peter Mell, Karen Scarfone, Sasha Romanosky
Venue: IEEE Security and Privacy (2006)

Vendors have historically used proprietary methods for scoring software vulnerabilities, usually without detailing their criteria or processes. The Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) is a public initiative designed to address this issue by presenting a framework for consistently and accurately assessing and quantifying software vulnerabilities' impact on organizations.
Quality Composition in Web-Service Design
Authors: Marco Comerio, Flavio De Paoli, Simone Grega
Venue: Proceedings of the 26th IEEE International ConferenceWorkshops on Distributed Computing Systems (2006)

Modern software components are asked to deliver their services over different communication channels and devices to support mobile and ubiquitous applications. Therefore, development processes that traditionally address only functional requirements must be revised by considering new aspects: quality of service (QoS), user profiles and technical characteristics of channels. Moreover, services obtained by the composition of simple services offered by different providers are getting growing importance. In this paper, we propose a hybrid technique to deal with quality evaluation in composite Web Service design. This work extends and integrates the single-service design process presented in previous papers.
Histogram Based Testing Strategy for ADC
Authors: Hsin-Wen Ting, Bin-Da Liu, Soon-Jyh Chang
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th Asian Test Symposium (2006)

An improved histogram testing method for analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) is proposed. The proposed method reveals not only the static performance but also the dynamic ones, such as the effective number of bits (ENOB) with a sinusoidal input signal. Therefore, single histogram testing is performed rather than using both the histogram and spectral methods to reduce the total test cost. The proposed testing method was experimentally validated on a commercial 8-bit ADC to demonstrate it effectiveness. The experimental result indicated that the proposed histogram-based test method exhibits a good agreement to the measured results of the classical FFT-based method.
A simple calculation of the joint moments of hidden Markov models
Authors: M. Karan, B. D. O. Anderson, R. C. Williamson
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing,1994. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 04 (1994)

In this paper, an algorithm presented by Streit (1990) to calculate the integer moments of the output sequence probabilities using the probability measures of the hidden Markov models (HMMs) is reformulated in a matrix algebra framework which allows a better understanding of the algorithm. This algorithm arises in the context of the classification of an unknown stochastic process by a set of HMMs using a test statistic which can be approximated by these integer moments. Using this new formulation, a simple way of calculating the joint moments directly from the parameters of the HMMs in a non-iterative way is presented, and an asymptotic analysis of the algorithm is performed.
Neural Correlates of First-Person Perspective as One Constituent of Human Self-Consciousness
Authors: K. Vogeley, M. May, A. Ritzl, P. Falkai, K. Zilles, G. R. Fink
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2004)

Taking the first-person perspective (1PP) centered upon one's own body as opposed to the third-person perspective (3PP), which enables us to take the viewpoint of someone else, is constitutive for human self-consciousness. At the underlying representational or cognitive level, these operations are processed in an egocentric reference frame, where locations are represented centered around another person's (3PP) or one's own perspective (1PP). To study 3PP and 1PP, both operating in egocentric frames, a virtual scene with an avatar and red balls in a room was presented from different camera viewpoints to normal volunteers (n = 11) in a functional magnetic resonance imaging experiment. The task for the subjects was to count the objects as seen either from the avatar's perspective (3PP) or one's own perspective (1PP). The scene was presented either from a ground view (GV ) or an aerial view (AV ) to investigate the effect of view on perspective taking. The factors perspective (3PP vs. 1PP) and view (GV vs. AV ) were arranged in a two-factorial way. Reaction times were increased and percent correctness scores were decreased in 3PP as opposed to 1PP. To detect the neural mechanisms associated with perspective taking, functional magnetic resonance imaging was employed. Data were analyzed using SPM'99 in each subject and non-parametric statistics on the group level. Activations common to 3PP and 1PP (relative to baseline) were observed in a network of occipital, parietal, and prefrontal areas. Deactivations common to 3PP and 1PP (relative to baseline) were observed predominantly in mesial (i.e., parasagittal) cortical and lateral superior temporal areas bilaterally. Differential increases of neural activity were found in mesial superior parietal and right premotor cortex during 3PP (relative to 1PP), whereas differential increases during 1PP (relative to 3PP) were found in mesial prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, and superior temporal cortex bilaterally. The data suggest that in addition to joint neural mechanisms, for example, due to visuospatial processing and decision making, 3PP and 1PP rely on differential neural processes. Mesial cortical areas are involved in decisional processes when the spatial task is solved from one's own viewpoint, whereas egocentric operations from another person's perspective differentially draw upon cortical areas known to be involved in spatial cognition.
An extensible text extraction tool for learning objects
Authors: Martin Dames, Yevgen Biletskiy
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Electronic commerce: The new e-commerce: innovations for conquering current barriers, obstacles and limitations to conducting successful business on the internet (2006)

This work presents an extensible Eclipse platform based implementation of a Semantic Web based approach of information extraction from learning objects and transforming the learning objects to meaningful XML documents. The target XML documents contain the contents of learning objects meaningfully explained by XML tags, which represents the context of particular contents. Such meaningful XML documents allow transforming the content to another context, like language, that provides interoperability between diverse learning objects and learners. The present work is particularly focused on presenting X(HTML) documents of university curricula and course outlines in a form convenient for further effective integration and application of information extraction algorithms.
Fast variable-size block motion estimation using merging procedure with an adaptive threshold
Authors: Yu-Kuang Tu, Jar-Ferr Yang, Yi-Nung Shen, Ming-Ting Sun
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 International Conference on Multimedia and Expo - Volume 1 (2003)

A merging procedure for variable-size block motion estimation is proposed to reduce the computation for block-size decision. A smaller block-size is initially used for motion estimation. An adaptive threshold, which depends on the information obtained from the motion estimation, quantization parameter, and rate distortion cost function is used to determine if the motion vectors of the neighboring blocks should be merged or not. We simulate the proposed merging procedure using an H.264 video encoder to determine if 16x16, 16x8, 8x16, or 8x8 blocksize should be used for each macroblock. Based on the simulations, performance of the proposed method is close to that of H.264 JM2.1 when 16x16, 16x8, 8x16 and 8x8 block modes are enabled and the exhaustive search method is used to determine the block-sizes. Computational complexity can be significantly reduced by the proposed algorithm since it only performs the motion search for one block-size.
Profile Enhanced Classroom Learning
Authors: Tak-Wai Chan, Fei-Ching Chen, Chih-Yueh Chou
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE International Workshop on Wireless, Mobile and Ubiquitous Technology in Education (2006)

The purpose of this talk is twofold. First, we argue, with extension of some of our previous work, that there are three research avenues of wireless, mobile, and ubiquitous technology enhanced learning, namely, dream-based research, adoption-based research, and humanity-based research. They are one after the other in time and overlapping in content. Humanity-based research strives for a long term research goal for supporting human learning with the primary concern on individuality, personal developmental potential, and the like, whether the student learns individually or socially. Second, we argue that in order to proceed to humanity-based research, we need to harness and revisit research on student modeling which is the central theme of the current artificial intelligence in education research. In particular, profile enhanced classroom learning (PECL) in a one-to-one classroom, a classroom where every student learns with at least a wireless enabled handy computing device, is an important step towards the humanity-based research avenue. Furthermore, PECL broadens the scopes of both artificial intelligence in education and computer supported collaborative learning and serves as a platform for the design and investigation of game-based learning in classroom settings. We shall illustrate some sample prototypes of PECL in this talk.