ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
The Efficacy of Behavior Modeling: A Comparison of Face-to-Face and Online Asynchronous Software-Training Methods
Authors: Charlie C. Chen, Terry Ryan, Lorne Olfman
Venue: Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 37th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'04) - Track 1 - Volume 1 (2004)

In face-to-face software-training settings, the behavior-modeling method has been shown to be more effective than either instruction-based or exploration-based methods. Yet, in online asynchronous software-training settings the behavior-modeling method may not be superior. This study provides evidence as to the relative effectiveness of these three software-training methods for the online asynchronous environment. A field experiment was conducted adapting the three methods to an online asynchronous environment, and including a face-to-face behavior-modeling control condition. Results indicate that when conducting software training, it may be almost as effective to use an online asynchronous behavior-modeling method as it is to use a more costly face-to-face behavior-modeling method. Although somewhat better results sometimes are evident for face-to-face behavior-modeling, observed differences are not significant, nor are their patterns consistent. Within the limits of instrument translation concerns, there seems to be no significant interaction of learning style and training method on training performance or trainee reactions to their training. The study provides evidence as to the relative effectiveness of various methods, particularly those of online asynchronous nature, for software training. Within its limits, this research takes a first step in developing a strategy for online asynchronous software training.
Difficulties learning computer architecture
Authors: Omid Mirmotahari, Christian Holmboe, Jens Kaasbøll
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th annual conference on Innovation and technology in computer science education (2003)

During a course on computer architecture, assembler, C programming, network and communication, 57 out of 300 students were followed closely by questionnaires and tests in order to evaluate their learning of computer architecture. The results indicate both that the students' understanding of logic gates and Boolean algebra is poorer than preferred, and that the students also have difficulties grasping the implementation of higher level constructs in low level architecture features. Better results might have been achieved if the teaching of architecture was closely linked to the students' previous training in programming.
A Neuro-Fuzzy Model for Software Cost Estimation
Authors: Xishi Huang, Luiz F. Capretz, Jing Ren, Danny Ho
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Quality Software (2003)

A novel neuro-fuzzy Constructive Cost Model(COCOMO) for software estimation is proposed. Themodel carries some of the desirable features of the neuro-fuzzy approach, such as learning ability and goodinterpretability, while maintaining the merits of theCOCOMO model. Unlike the standard neural networkapproach, this model is easily validated by experts andcapable of generalization. In addition, it allows inputs tobe continuous-rating values and linguistic values,therefore avoiding the problem of similar projects havingdifferent estimated costs. Also presented in this paper is adetailed learning algorithm. The validation, usingindustry project data, shows that the model greatlyimproves the estimation accuracy in comparison with thewell-known COCOMO model.
The ring of k-regular sequences, II
Authors: Jean-Paul Allouche, Jeffrey Shallit
Venue: Theoretical Computer Science (2003)

In this paper, we continue our study of k-regular sequences begun in 1992. We prove some new results, give many new examples from the literature, and state some open problems.
CBW: An Efficient Algorithm for Frequent Itemset Mining
Authors: Ja-Hwung Su, Wen-Yang Lin
Venue: Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 37th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'04) - Track 3 - Volume 3 (2004)

Frequent itemset generation is the prerequisite and most time-consuming process for association rule mining. Nowadays, most efficient Apriori-like algorithms rely heavily on the minimum support constraint to prune a vast amount of non-candidate itemsets. This pruning technique, however, becomes less useful for some real applications where the supports of interesting itemsets are extremely small, such as medical diagnosis, fraud detection, among theothers. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm that maintains its performance even at relative low supports. Empirical evaluations show that our algorithm is, on the average, more than an order of magnitude faster than Apriori-like algorithms.
Real-time specification and modeling with joint actions
Authors: Reino Kurki-Suonio, Kari Systä, Jüri Vain
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th international workshop on Software specification and design (1991)

The notion of joint actions provides a natural execution model for a specification language, when temporal logic of actions is used for formal reasoning. We extend this basis with scheduling, the role of which is to enforce liveness properties and to introduce real-time properties. This is done in a way that agrees with the partial-order view of computations and can be applied already in early stages of specification and design. In scheduling principles this leads to distinction of total correctness, partial correctness, and incorrectness with respect to liveness properties. A general scheduling policy is formulated that covers any reasonable scheduling as a special case. When this policy is totally correct and gives the required real-time properties, no special limitations are imposed on implementation. A refinement method is described by which a system can be transformed into a form for which this is true.
Production planning to support mixed-model assembly
Authors: Fong-Yuen Ding, Ravi Tolani
Venue: Computers and Industrial Engineering (2003)

A mixed-model assembly line is widely used nowadays in industry. Effectively applying mixed-model assembly can result in smooth part usage and balanced workloads on the assembly line. The problem of production planning in terms of scheduling various models on an assembly line over a time horizon is studied here. The problem assumes that each model has a given range of production days within the planning horizon. An industrial production system is presented to demonstrate the application of this problem. A two-phase procedure that generates an initial solution and makes further improvement is developed. The procedure is evaluated using randomly generated problems and an industrial example.
Arbitrator-Based Algorithm for Measurement Collaboration Problem
Authors: Qi Wu, Jing Huang, Jingping Bi
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 International Conference on Computer Networks and Mobile Computing (2003)

Accuracy is one of the primary goals of network measurement. Concurrent execution of measurement tasks usually impacts the accuracy of measurement results, while exclusive, sequential execution of measurement tasks may avoid this kind of influence. On the other hand, one-way measurement always requires collaboration of two nodes; thus the randomly initiated measurement tasks may produce conflicts and then lead to problems such as deadlock and low efficiency. We call this kind of problem the Measurement Collaboration Problem (MCP), which belongs to the general distributed collaboration problem with conflicting tasks, while earlier studies mostly focus on a conflict-free solution. The MCP solution is an algorithm for deciding which measurement tasks can be performed by negotiation among nodes. According to the number of nodes with decision-making power, the solution can be divided into arbitrator-based and completely distributed. This paper gives the arbitrator-based MCP algorithm and proves the algorithm's aliveness, correctness and optimality. The algorithm can also be utilized in many aspects, such as disaster recovery, distributed-agent collaboration, object positioning and so on.
Assessment of a course redesign: introductory computer programming using online modules
Authors: Nira Herrmann, Jeffrey L. Popyack, Bruce Char, Paul Zoski
Venue: Proceedings of the 35th SIGCSE technical symposium on Computer science education (2004)

We assess the effectiveness of an extensive redesign of the first Computer Programming course offered to computer science and computer engineering majors. Our goals were to improve student learning while reducing costs by making use of substantial Web-based course material and course management tools, including multi-level online modules that individualize instruction and enable students to self-schedule learning each week. DFW rates and costs were significantly reduced by the redesign.
Core empirical concepts and skills for computer science
Authors: Grant Braught, Craig S. Miller, David Reed
Venue: ACM SIGCSE Bulletin (2004)

Educators are increasingly acknowledging that practical problems in computer science demand basic competencies in experimentation and data analysis. However, little effort has been made towards explicitly identifying those empirical concepts and skills needed by computer scientists, nor in developing methods of integrating those concepts and skills into CS curricula. In this paper, we identify a core list of empirical competencies and motivate them based on established courses outside of computer science, their potential use in standard CS courses, and their application to real-world problems. Sample assignments that facilitate the integration of these competencies into the CS curriculum are also discussed.
A hierarchical approach for energy efficient application design using heterogeneous embedded systems
Authors: Sumit Mohanty, Viktor K. Prasanna
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 international conference on Compilers, architecture and synthesis for embedded systems (2003)

Several features such as reconfiguration, voltage and frequency scaling, low-power operating states, duty-cycling, etc. are exploited for latency and energy efficient application design using heterogeneous embedded systems. However, more choices during application design results in a large design space that must be traversed efficiently. In this paper, we propose a hierarchical methodology that integrates optimization heuristics, high-level performance estimators, and low-level simulators to enable efficient exploration of large design spaces. Our methodology is fast, robust against approximation errors due to high-level modeling, and can evaluate a much larger design space than an optimization heuristic only design space exploration technique. We have augmented MILAN, a model-based integrated simulation framework for embedded systems, to develop an environment to perform hierarchical design space exploration. Using our methodology for a beamforming application, we identify an energy-efficient mapping onto a heterogeneous embedded system while meeting a given latency constraint. We also demonstrate the use of our methodology in identifying an energy and latency efficient heterogeneous embedded system based on user-specified performance requirements for a personnel detection algorithm from a set of devices that includes FPGAs, DSPs, and traditional processors.
Wigner distribution transformations in high-order systems
Authors: José B. Almeida, Vasudevan Lakshminarayanan
Venue: Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics (2003)

By combining the definition of the Wigner distribution function (WDF) and the matrix method of optical system modeling, we can evaluate the transformation of the former in centered systems with great complexity. The effect of stops and lens diameter are also considered and are shown to be responsible for nonlinear clipping of the resulting WDF in the case of coherent illumination and nonlinear modulation of the WDF when the illumination is incoherent. As an example, the study of a single lens imaging system illustrates the applicability of the method.
Consistent Enterprise Software System Architecture for the CIO -- A Utility-Cost Based Approach
Authors: Mathias Ekstedt, Pontus Johnson, Åsa Lindström, Magnus Gammelgård, Erik Johansson, Leonel Plazaola, Enrique Silva, Joakim Liliesköld
Venue: Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 37th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'04) - Track 8 - Volume 8 (2004)

Previously, business operations of most large companies were supported by a number of isolated software systems performing diverse specific tasks, from real-time process control to administrative functions. In order to better achieve business goals, these systems have in recent years been extended, and more importantly, integrated into a company-wide system in its own right, the enterprise software system. Due to its history, this system is composed of a considerable number of heterogeneous and poorly understood components interacting by means of equally diverse and confusing connectors. To enable informed decision-making, the Chief Information Officer (CIO), responsible for the overall evolution of the company's enterprise software system, requires management tools.This paper proposes Enterprise Software System Architecture (ESSA) as a foundation for an approach for managing the company's software system portfolio. In order to manage the overwhelming information amounts associated with the enterprise software system, this approach is based on two concepts. Firstly, the approach explicitly relates the utility of knowledge to the cost of its acquisition. The utility of knowledge is derived from the increased value of better-informed decision-making. The cost of knowledge acquisition is primarily related to the resources spent on information searching. Secondly, the approach focuses on ensuring the consistency of the architectural model.
The Effect of Time Separation on Coordination Costs in Global Software Teams: A Dyad Model
Authors: J. Alberto Espinosa, Erran Carmel
Venue: Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 37th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'04) - Track 1 - Volume 1 (2004)

Research to date has not addressed the difficulties of coordinating across time zones in global software development. We present a preliminary collaboration model to help us understand the consequences of time separation on coordination costs. The model is for a team composed of dyads and each dyad consists of a task requestor and a task producer who have a sequential workflow dependency. The model is constructed with formulas for: production, coordination, and vulnerability costs for a number of: (1) collaboration modes; (2) time overlap conditions; (3) asynchronous and synchronous communications mechanisms, each of different quality and cost; and (4) production and delay cost rates. We describe themodel and evaluate it with regression analysis using randomly generated observations. Our evaluation shows that the model adequately represents time-separated work and that time-separation effects are: (1) different and more complex than distance-separation effects; (2) asymmetric, depending on whether work time overlap between the two actors occurs at the beginning or end of an actor's day; and (3) dependent on the amount of this overlap.
Optimization of monomer content and degree of linearity in lithographically interesting novolac copolymers using NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Debmalya Roy, A. Gandhi, P. K. Basu, P. Raghunathan, S. V. Eswaran
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2003)

In view of the current realization that nanoscale fabrication of VLSI's can only be met through careful design and engineering of the matrix polymers of DNQ-novolac photoresists, three m-/p-cresol based novolac copolymers have been synthesized and characterized using 1-D and 2-D 1H and 13C NMR techniques. The 'high ortho' 'tandem type' novolac resins with optimum m-/p-cresol content and optimum base solubility are demonstrated to be important for obtaining well-resolved pattern formation using positive photoresists. Lithographic performance of negative photoresist is shown to be critically determined by the strong base resistance of the novolac resins and offer an important guideline for the preparation of better performing photoresists. The applied NMR methodologies are used to formulate quantitation of polymer microstructure. These methodologies could also be successfully applied to refine the calculation of different precursor amount in the polymer skeleton.
Bijections and the Riordan group
Authors: Louis W. Shapiro
Venue: Theoretical Computer Science (2003)

One of the cornerstone ideas in mathematics is to take a problem and to look at it in a bigger space. In this paper we examine combinatorial sequences in the context of the Riordan group. Various subgroups of the Riordan group each give us a different view of the original sequence. In many cases this leads to both a combinatorial interpretation and to ECO rewriting rules. In this paper we will concentrate on just four of the subgroups of the Riordan group to demonstrate some of the possibilities of this approach.
Lie group foliations: dynamical systems and integrators
Authors: R. I. McLachlan, M. Perlmutter, G. R. W. Quispel
Venue: Future Generation Computer Systems (2003)

Foliate systems are those which preserve some (possibly singular) foliation of phase space, such as systems with integrals, systems with continuous symmetries, and skew product systems. We study numerical integrators which also preserve the foliation. The case in which the foliation is given by the orbits of an action of a Lie group has a particularly nice structure, which we study in detail, giving conditions under which all foliate vector fields can be written as the sum of a vector field tangent to the orbits and a vector field invariant under the group action. This allows the application of many techniques of geometric integration, including splitting methods and Lie group integrators.
The effects of culture on performance achieved through the use of human computer interaction
Authors: Gabrielle Ford, Helene Gelderblom
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 annual research conference of the South African institute of computer scientists and information technologists on Enablement through technology (2003)

The user interface development process focuses on understanding users and their individual differences. These differences result from, inter alia, differences in culture. The primary goal of this research project was to determine whether Hofstede's [1991] cultural dimensions affect the performance achieved through the use of human-computer interaction. In order to achieve this goal, it was necessary to (1) identify the characteristics of the cultural dimensions; (2) identify test subjects and test interfaces displaying appropriate cultural dimensions and (3) assess the impact of these cultural dimensions on the speed, accuracy and satisfaction levels achieved by test subjects using the test interfaces to perform data collection tasks. Test subjects and website interfaces were identified in terms of the cultural dimension characteristics. The test subjects were selected based not only on their cultural dimensions, but also by controlling for user profile variables. The data resulting from the experiment was then analyzed to establish whether these dimensions had any impact on the performance achieved when using these websites. The results of the experiment did not provide sufficient evidence to conclude that any of the tested cultural dimensions affected human performance. However, the performance levels attained suggest that the usability of the interfaces was increased for all users, as a result of accommodating high uncertainty avoidance, masculinity, collectivism and high power distance characteristics into the design of the interfaces. In addition, two main categories of further research have arisen as a result of this research. The first category comprises new research questions. The second focuses on the changes that should be made to the research design used for this research effort.
A vocational experiment in computer programming for quadriplegics
Authors: A. K. Anderson, K. H. Miller
Venue: Issue 24 (October 1978) (1978)

This paper describes an experimental vocational course for Richard (Rick) Pilgrim, a homebound quadriplegic. The goal of this program was to develop training techniques which might prepare Rick for a profession as a computer programmer. This paper relates how the training was performed using a voice-operated terminal, the successes and problems encountered, and how the course led to Rick's status as an entry-level computer programmer.
A Novel Approach for Addressing Extensibility Issue in Collaborative Virtual Environment
Authors: Choo Tian Fook, Lin Qingping, Zhang Liang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 International Conference on Cyberworlds (2003)

In order to achieve entity evolvement, enrichsocialization of virtual community and optimize computerprocessing in the Collaborative Virtual Environment(CVE), efficient Collaborative Interaction Management(CIM) is a key to handle these issues. In this paper, wefocus on functional extensibility in CVE, and give thesolution by using the conceptual idea of our proposedCIM approach, called Task-Oriented InteractionManagement. This approach has four importantcomponents, which are Scene Interaction Manager,Virtual Entity Interaction Manager, Interaction TaskAgent, and Scene role & rules. They have certaincapabilities, like data distribution, load-balance, tasksmigration, ownership transfer, entities' states consistencymaintenance, database persistency management and etc.The motivation of this research is to develop an extensibleand evolving CVE with extensible functionalities forcreating large-scale collaborative interaction experienceto users in a large-scale interconnected 3D virtualenvironment. Details of the conceptual framework of theTask-Oriented Interaction Management will be presentedin this paper.
Special Issue: AI in equipment service
Authors: Alice Agogino, Piero Bonissone, Kai Goebel, George Vachtsevanos
Venue: Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing (2001)

This issue of AIEDAM focuses on AI in equipment service. Recently there has been a strong and renewed emphasis on AI technologies that can be used to monitor products and processes, detect incipient failures, identify possible faults (in various stages of development), determine preventive or corrective action, and generate a cost-efficient repair plan and monitor its execution. This renewed emphasis stems from a focus of manufacturing companies on the service market where they hope to grow their market share by offering their customers novel and aggressive service contracts. This service market includes power generation equipment, aircraft engines, medical imaging systems, and locomotives, just to name a few. In some of these new service offerings, the old parts-and-labor billing model is replaced by guaranteed uptime. This in turn places the motivation to maintain equipment in working order on the servicing company. Monitoring can be more efficiently accomplished, in part, by employing remotely monitored systems. Big strides have been taken for in-use monitoring of stationary equipment, such as manufacturing plants or high-end appliances, and also mobile systems such as transportation systems (vehicles, aircraft, locomotives, etc.). While advances in hardware development make it possible to perform these tasks efficiently, there are new avenues for progress in accompanying AI software techniques. Some of these approaches have their roots in efforts of years past while others arise from new challenges. Characteristics of typical challenges for AI in monitoring and diagnosis (M&D) service can be categorized into input, model, and output. In particular, input questions try