ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
An experimental program in computer usage for secondary students
Authors: Joan Platt, Jeanne Curran
Venue: Proceedings of the ACM SIGCSE-SIGCUE technical symposium on Computer science and education (1976)

This paper presents an experimental program designed to introduce high school students to the use and interpretation of computer data. The program has evolved from a model research center in the Department of Sociology at California State College, Dominguez Hills. The Center is operated and administered by undergraduates and graduates as a part of their curricular experience in research methods.
Large system operators as professionals and other operator considerations
Authors: Richard H. Branton
Venue: Proceedings of the eleventh annual SIGCPS computer personnel research conference (1973)

This is a prescriptive paper detailing the considerations behind the author's approach in attempting to influence the management of Southern Services, Inc, to establish certain computer operator personnel practices. &ldquo;The Operator&rdquo; as referred to in the paper is more likely to be a team of Operators. The meaning of &ldquo;Large System Shop&rdquo; is left to the reader's intuition.
A heuristic procedure for distributed computer system design
Authors: Shi-Kuo Chang
Venue: Proceedings of the 1975 annual conference (1975)

A model of a distributed computer system for transaction processing is described. The system configuration problem is formulated as a problem of determining transaction allocation, routing, processor allocation and line allocation to satisfy certain performance requirements and design constraints. A heuristic design procedure is described. Topics for further investigation are discussed.
Interfacing to the 10Mbps ethernetTM: Observations and conclusions
Authors: Jose Nabielsky
Venue: ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review (1984)

This paper documents our efforts to connect our network front-ends to the 10 Mbps Ethernet,TM and presents some quantitative and qualitative results that may prove useful to those who, like us, are implementing a distributed-function architecture built upon a high-speed local area network.
A generalized simulation model of an automated cart transportation system
Authors: Ashok Rao
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th conference on Winter simulation - Volume 2 (1974)

The modern-day hospital is faced with the problem of transporting to their wards, operating rooms etc. supplies from a central supply department. The trend among large hospitals, currently under construction, is to automate this material handling system. Unfortunately, many of these systems are, through faulty design, incapable of delivering the supplies on schedule. This paper presents a general-purpose simulation to analyze critical portions of the automated system. Results of its application for a large 2000-bed medical complex are also presented.
Information retrieval: the Chemical Abstracts Service computer based chemical information processing system
Authors: W. C. Davenport
Venue: Proceedings of the 1965 20th national conference (1965)

THE CHEMICAL S SERVICE is a non-profit organization started in 1906 under the guidance of the American Chemical Society. The main activity of CAS, from its inception, has been to make the results of chemical information universally available. Until 1957 these objectives were met solely through the publication of printed abstracts, indexes, and other supporting material. In 1957 the CAS Research and Development Division was formed. Since that time the means of providing chemical information have been broadened to include computer-based express publications, customized alerting services, and a store of current and past chemical information in a computer processable form. Through use of the computer, information can be adapted to the needs of individuals and organization, and in-depth retrospective searching is made possible. In 1964 CAS announced a long-range plan aimed at the installation of a national chemical information system. This paper describes the computer elements of that overall plan and speculates as to future improvements and extensions. Due to the massive amounts of information that must be processed, the plan has been oriented to the use of computers wherever possible and practical. The network of computer systems, when completed, will provide for the composition of current publications as well as for the integration of currently published material with computer-based information retrieval services. The first 3 illustrations show some of the basic publications.
Correctness and equivalence of straight line microprograms
Authors: C. V. Ramamoorthy, K. S. Shankar
Venue: Conference record of the 6th annual workshop on Microprogramming (1973)

This paper is concerned with developing automatic methods for the testing of correctness and equivalence of straight line segments of microcode. A model, which accounts for a composite of features common to a large variety of contemporary machines is first presented. Correctness and equivalence of straight line microprograms are then defined. The testing techniques are then developed.
Software for computers with parallel or pipeline architecture
Authors: H. Lomax, K. Stevens
Venue: Proceedings of the SIGNUM meeting on Software for partial differential equations (1975)

This paper is addressed to those computer users who have the following interests in common. First, they are engaged in the numerical study of a discipline at a level where they wish to write or to understand critical portions of a computer code written in some high-level or scientific language. Second, the amount of numerical manipulations required in their study is large enough to require highly efficient use of the hardware of a major computer facility in order to prevent a calculation from becoming prohibitively costly. Finally, they are willing to accept the responsibility for making the code efficient, but they wish to minimize the amount of their time spent in doing so. At present it is usually difficult to realize the third of these interests in light of the first two. Big problems point to computers with special architectures, and these are usually difficult to program efficiently without devoting a sizable effort to data storage and data management. This paper explores some strategies that can be useful in reducing this difficulty. All of our examples will involve the solution of partial differential equations in three-dimensions by means of numerical algorithms requiring meshes with rectangular topologies. In all cases these &ldquo;big problems&rdquo; are defined to have data bases that are too large to fit in core.
Third party consulting in the network environment (abstract only)
Authors: Richard C. Roistacher
Venue: ACM SIGSOC Bulletin (1982)

CONFER, first used at Wayne State University in 1979, has proven itself to be an extremely useful and adaptable communications medium. Some examples of present CONFER applicatons at WSU are:Computing Center Staff CONFERencePresently used to coordinate communication between the 180 staff members of the CSC. Communications between various departments isolated by distance and responsibility has been improved.Specialty CONFERencesCONFERences exist on such varied topics as school transportation, text processing, nursing education, microcomputers and instructional technology.Project ManagementUsed by the University's PLATO development staff for cross-campus management decision-making and communication. CONFER has reduced the need for staff meetings, has served as a "tracking device" for personnel appointments, and has kept a detailed log of project decisions. CONFER has also been used for CSC project development, notably for the design of an MTS Help Facility.Academic CommunicationsCONFER has been used to facilitate communication between students in an undergraduate Computer Science course, for graduate students in Instructional Technology, and for individual student projects. This summer, a CONFERence will be implemented which will manage course communications for 300 students in a freshman Computer Science course.
Using conditional expectation to reduce variance in discrete event simulation
Authors: S. S. Lavenberg, P. D. Welch
Venue: Proceedings of the 11th conference on Winter simulation - Volume 1 (1979)

We review the method of using conditional expectation to reduce variance in discrete event simulation and present a new application to the simulation of queueing networks. This method can be particularly useful in reducing variance when estimating quantities associated with rare events.
An SGML Based Viewer for Form Documents
Authors: Volkan Atalay, Erkan Arslan
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (1999)

This study proposes a viewer for visual reconstruction and retrieval of form documents. The structure of the form document and the filled-in data are stored in a Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) instance. Document Style Semantics and Specification Language (DSSSL) instance holds style properties of the data. Filled-in data is kept in a relational database. The viewer uses SGML and DSSSL instances as input and visually reconstructs a form document image by retrieving the corresponding filled-in data from database.
The need for quantitative measurement of on-line user behavior
Authors: W. David Penniman
Venue: Proceedings of the joint conference on Easier and more productive use of computer systems. (Part - II): Human interface and the user interface - Volume 1981 (1981)

An argument is made for the systematic collection and analysis of data regarding user-computer interaction in an on-line setting. A suggested approach involving preliminary data collection/analysis, development of a conceptual framework or model, and validation of the model is described. The case for this approach is supported by presentation of some preliminary results from a study of monitor data collected from the National Library of Medicine's ELHILL transaction file. Follow-on steps are proposed including comparison of research results to other studies of the same system or studies using similar techniques.
SAGA: An Experimental Silicon Assembler
Authors: Antoni A. Szepieniec
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th Design Automation Conference (1982)

The paper presents an IC-layout assembler which is capable of transforming the structural description of a system into general chip layout expressed in CIF. The chip assembly is based on the efferent decision flow. The process is one of gradual refinement of the starting domain yielding successively lower level chip components down to the primitives.
Towards knowledge-based robotics systems
Authors: David R. Dodds
Venue: Proceedings of the 1984 annual conference of the ACM on The fifth generation challenge (1984)

A spatial planning technique is examined whereby the robot system plans in a general space which greatly enhances the flexibility of manipulator operation by leaving resolution of trajectory and placement minutae to &ldquo;motion execution time&rdquo;. This permits the robot planning system to deal with elements in the working environment which are in continuous or semi-continuous motion, as well as those normally considered to be at rest. A multi-modal representation and Knowledge-Base (KB) are used.
Design verification and performance analysis
Authors: Marvin A. Wold
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th Design Automation Conference (1978)

The successful development of high speed digital computer systems usually requires that maximum performance be obtained from the selected technology. An optimum system design can be pursued only with confidence that the necessary performance levels can be achieved by the system components.7,8 Without that confidence the alternative is a more pessimistic &ldquo;worst case&rdquo; system design. The necessary confidence can only be achieved by a continuing evaluation of the timing characteristics of the system components.
Design practice and interface usability: Evidence from interviews with designers
Authors: N. Hammond, A. Jørgensen, A. MacLean, P. Barnard, J. Long
Venue: Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems (1983)

Research into human-computer interaction (HCI) is mainly conducted by engineering psychologists, cognitive psychologists and computer scientists. The principal consumers of applied HCI research, on the other hand, are human factors practitioners and system designers and developers. The HCI researcher who believes his or her findings to be of practical relevance has therefore to consider the interface between researcher and practitioner as well as that between system and user: the products of HCI research must not only be relevant but also &ldquo;user-friendly&rdquo; to the practitioner. This problem is not merely one of communication between different professional communities, as the optimal route for the translation of research findings into terms that will be of practical use in the design process is itself a matter of considerable uncertainty and debate. Thus there are many instances in the research literature where apparently contradictory recommendations can all too easily be drawn from findings based on sound but, by its very nature, limited experimentation (e.g., compare the findings of Landauer et al., in press, Ledgard et al., 1980, and Scapin, 1981, on naming text-editing operations). One of the prerequisites for tackling both the communication problem and the translation problem is an understanding of relevant aspects of decision-making in design which influence the usability of the end-user interface. This is so for three reasons. First, an appreciation of the nature of design practice will at least help identify those areas where research input might have the greatest impact and allow researchers to direct their efforts towards them. Second, it may identify possible modifications to existing design practice which would allow research input to be used more effectively. Finally, it would be somewhat surprising if current design practice were not to furnish researchers with any insights into the underlying processes of users. The experience and skills of the practitioner should be a valuable source of information for the HCI researcher. For these reasons, we have been documenting some of the relationships between design practice and the usability of systems for use by non-experts. While there is considerable literature on programming behaviour (e.g. Mayer, 1981), reports of design behaviour are rare, other than occasional descriptions by practitioners of the interface design of their own products (e.g., Botterill, 1982; Smith et al., 1982). This paper focusses on the influence of the individual designer's decision-making. Evidence is taken from interviews with experienced system designers concerning design issues influencing the nature of the user interface which had arisen with systems they had recently worked on. For two of the systems usability investigations had been performed (see Lewis Mack, 1982 and Hammond et al., 1983).
Representing and Recognizing Visual Dynamic Events with Support Vector Machines
Authors: Massimiliano Pittore, Curzio Basso, Alessandro Verri
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing (1999)

Support Vector Machines (SVMs) have been recently introduced as techniques for solving pattern recognition and regression estimation problems. SVMs are derived in the framework of statistical learning theory and combine a solid theoretical foundation with very good performances in several applications. In this paper we describe a system able to detect, represent, and recognize visual dynamic events from an image sequence. While the events are initially detected by means of low level visual processing, both the representation and recognition stages are performed with SVMs. Therefore, the system is trained, instead of programmed, to perform the required tasks. The very good results obtained on real image sequences indicate that SVMs can be profitably used for the construction of flexible and effective systems based on computer vision.
A partition analysis method to increase program reliability
Authors: Debra J. Richardson, Lori A. Clarke
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Software engineering (1981)

A major drawback of most program testing methods is that they ignore program specifications, and instead base their analysis solely on the information provided in the implementation. This paper describes the partition analysis method, which assists in program testing and verification by evaluating information from both a specification and an implementation. This method employs symbolic evaluation techniques to partition the set of input data into procedure subdomains so that the elements of each subdomain are treated uniformly by the specification and processed uniformly by the implementation. The partition divides the procedure domain into more manageable units. Information related to each subdomain is used to guide in the selection of test data and to verify consistency between the specification and the implementation. Moreover, the test data selection process, called partition analysis testing, and the verification process, called partition analysis verification, are used to enhance each other, and thus increase program reliability.
An approach to the testing of microprocessors
Authors: M. G. Karpovsky, R. G. Van Meter
Venue: Proceedings of the 21st Design Automation Conference (1984)

In this paper, we describe functional testing techniques for detecting single stuck-at faults in a microprocessor. These techniques appear to be practical in that a relatively small number of machine language instructions is needed in the programs which implement them, the number of reference outputs which must be stored is small, and hardware redundancy for testing purposes is not needed. The efficacy of use of these functional testing techniques has been demonstrated by applying them to the testing of a simulated 4-bit microprocessor with simulated single stuck-at faults.
Unique normal forms in term rewriting systems with repeated variables
Authors: Paul Chew
Venue: Proceedings of the thirteenth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing (1981)

A term rewriting system is a finite set of axiom schemata of the form A@@@@B where A and B are terms that contain variables. An important question for such systems is whether normal forms are unique (i.e. each term has at most one normal form). For schemata without repeated variables (i.e. no variable is repeated on the left side of an axiom schema), O'Donnell [O'D] has given sufficient conditions for the confluence property (Church-Rosser property), a stronger property than unique normal forms. Klop [Klo] has shown that the confluence property does not necessarily hold in these systems when repeated variables are allowed. This paper shows that normal forms are unique in such systems despite the lack of the confluence property.
Technological analysis and democratic policy-making
Authors: Marshall H. Whithed
Venue: Proceedings of the second SIGCSE technical symposium on Education in computer science (1972)

The paper centers upon the implications of technical analytical methodologies, especially those which are computer-based, for public policy-making. A generalized analysis of the lack of suitable educational and experiental background of most public policy-makers is presented, and it is suggested that this lack makes it difficult for such officials to adequately evaluate technical analyses. Means to ameliorate this problem are discussed, and a model of policy-maker/computer methodology interface is presented. The example used is based on a computer simulation model and related methodologies which are presently developed for HUD to study New Town fiscal and economic viability.
Monte Carlo Simulation of full case conveying systems
Authors: Roger C. Stuebing
Venue: Proceedings of the second conference on Applications of simulations (1968)

This abstract illustrates the techniques and discusses the results of simulation studies of powered belt conveyor networks. The performance of such networks depends on many factors. Although the directional effects of these factors seem intuitively apparent, quantitative estimation of their magnitude is very difficult. (One would need to derive expressions for the expected and maximum lengths of series queues with arbitrary arrival distributions.) Monte Carlo Simulation, using GPSS, has proved to be a useful tool for estimating these effects. This GPSS simulation model has been validated by comparing its output with the performance of an existing system.
PDAS: An assistant for detailed design and implementation of programs
Authors: Tomoharu Mohri, Etsuo Ono, Sanya Uehara, Tetsuyasu Takao, Hideki Sato
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Software engineering (1984)

The development of reliable documents is an important challenge facing the software industry today. This paper presents the Programming and Design Assist System (PDAS), which supports detailed design and implementation of system programs. PDAS uses a design language as the kernel of the system. Japanese/English documents and programs are generated from specifications written in the design language. The design language is a forms-oriented language based on PDL. To standardize the level of abstraction of document description, the language introduces a data model called a &ldquo;set&rdquo;. The model is an abstraction of linked lists, arrays, queues, and stacks. In operating systems, there are many such data structures, and the ability to simplify their manipulation is very helpful.
Fast execution of loops with if statements
Authors: Utpal Banerjee, Daniel D. Gajski
Venue: ACM SIGARCH Computer Architecture News (1984)

In this paper we show how to execute in parallel loops containing IF statements. We give an architectural model of parallel computation and describe the design of a hardware Boolean Recurrence Solver. Our method of handling such loops is then compared with those used by some of the existing supercomputers.
An approach to proving the correctness of data base operations
Authors: I. T. Hawryszkiewycz, J. B. Dennis
Venue: Proceedings of 1972 ACM-SIGFIDET workshop on Data description, access and control (1972)

Work on the development of a precise semantic model for data base systems is presented. Our model is intended to provide a formal basis for investigating suitable semantic principles for data base systems where many users may be performing tasks concurrently, and where data bases are shared among users. The application programs of system users are assumed to be expressed in terms of a modified relational data base model. The semantics of primitive data base operations are expressed in terms of semantic routines that specify transformations of abstract data structures which represent states of the data base system. Our approach to establishing correctness of semantic routines in the presence of concurrent system activities is described.