ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Querying business processes
Authors: Catriel Beeri, Anat Eyal, Simon Kamenkovich, Tova Milo
Venue: Proceedings of the 32nd international conference on Very large data bases (2006)

We present in this paper BP-QL, a novel query language for querying business processes. The BP-QL language is based on an intuitive model of business processes, an abstraction of the emerging BPEL (Business Process Execution Language) standard. It allows users to query business processes visually, in a manner very analogous to how such processes are typically specified, and can be employed in a distributed setting, where process components may be provided by distinct providers(peers).We describe here the query language as well as its underlying formal model. We consider the properties of the various language components and explain how they influenced the language design. In particular we distinguish features that can be efficiently supported, and those that incur a prohibitively high cost, or cannot be computed at all. We also present our implementation which complies with real life standards for business process specifications, XML, and Web services, and is used in the BP-QL system.
Reduced decompositions and permutation patterns
Authors: Bridget Eileen Tenner
Venue: Journal of Algebraic Combinatorics: An International Journal (2006)

Billey, Jockusch, and Stanley characterized 321-avoiding permutations by a property of their reduced decompositions. This paper generalizes that result with a detailed study of permutations via their reduced decompositions and the notion of pattern containment. These techniques are used to prove a new characterization of vexillary permutations in terms of their principal dual order ideals in a particular poset. Additionally, the combined frameworks yield several new results about the commutation classes of a permutation. In particular, these describe structural aspects of the corresponding graph of the classes and the zonotopal tilings of a polygon defined by Elnitsky that is associated with the permutation.
Formal Definition of an Agent-Object Programming Language
Authors: Francesco Pagliarecci, Luca Spalazzi, Gianluca Capuzzi
Venue: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Collaborative Technologies and Systems (2006)

This paper presents a formal definition of Alan. Alan is a programming language that aims to integrate both the agent-oriented and the object-oriented programming. The end is to take advantages from both the paradigms. We want to explore how we can reason in terms of encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and so on while we program in terms of the the beliefs, the desires, and the plans of an agent. We define the formal specification of Alan in the rewriting logic language Maude. In this respect, this paper represents the first step towards a complete formal definition of the operational semantics of Alan. This opens us the possibilty of using the wide-spectrum of formal modeling and reasoning supported by Maude: analyzing Alan programs by means of model checking, proving properties of particular Alan programs, and proving general properties of the Alan language.
TCgen 2.0: a tool to automatically generate lossless trace compressors
Authors: Martin Burtscher
Venue: ACM SIGARCH Computer Architecture News (2006)

This tutorial explains the usage of TCgen, a tool for generating portable lossless trace compressors based on user-provided trace format descriptions. TCgen automatically translates these descriptions into optimized C source code. In many cases, the synthesized code is faster and compresses better than BZIP2, GZIP, MACHE, PDATS II, SBC, SEQUITUR, and VPC3, making it ideal for trace-based research and teaching environments as well as for trace archives. Version 2 includes several improvements and simplifies the integration of the generated code with other code through a streamlined API.
Agent-based model of Auftragstaktik: self organization in command and control of future combat forces
Authors: Robert H. Kewley,  Jr.
Venue: Proceedings of the 36th conference on Winter simulation (2004)

Agent-based modeling is a framework that allows the analysis of distributed command-by-influence using mission-type orders known for over a century as Auftragstaktik in German Army manuals. A combat simulation with embedded decision agents analyzed this type of decentralized command and control. Local commanders relied on their improved situation awareness, mission goals, and constraints from higher commander to drive a small set of robust decision methods. In this sense, they self-organized, and an effective set of actions for mission accomplishment emerged. The improvement was most dramatic for more capable future combat forces. Agent-based modeling provides a laboratory for experiments in command and control of future combat forces.
III-Phase Verification and Validation of IEC Standard Programmable Logic Controller
Authors: Devinder Thapa, Chang Mok Park, Suraj Dangol, Gi-Nam Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Inteligence for Modelling Control and Automation and International Conference on Intelligent Agents Web Technologies and International Commerce (2006)

The objective of this paper is to define an integrated approach for offline verification and validation of the control logics to provide absolute solution by implementing the III-Phase V&V method in a manufacturing industry. The control logic plays vital role in an agile manufacturing system for proper functioning of the FMS. The effort to integrate the formal verification techniques with virtual commissioning is emerging, which is still not in a full fledged industrial usage, due to the isolated thinking of the user about formal verification techniques. Existing techniques like simulation has not been able to detect the hidden errors, which may propagate from one workcell to another workcell in a long run and create a complete breakdown in the manufacturing unit. These errors required to be carefully tested before the real time implementation. Control logics play a vital role to reduce the down-time and ramp-up time in a manufacturing industry. We need an integrated approach and techniques to support the consistent running of the production cycle. This paper explained about the positive aspects of manual and software based automated and virtual commissioning techniques to provide an applicable solution to the fast paced manufacturing industries.
On the conception of an autonomous and modular robot based on an Event Driven OSEK System with deterministic real-time behavior
Authors: Franck Bimbard, Laurent George
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Autonomic and Autonomous Systems (2006)

In this paper, we are interested in the design of an autonomous and modular self-reconfigurable robot having self-assembly capability and deterministic behavior. The ability of a modular robot to meet its mission strongly depends on the artificial intelligence software and on the underlying hardware and software architecture. The artificial intelligence software of a robot is mapped into several elementary tasks with different real-time constraints. We propose in this paper a real-time analysis taking into account kernel overheads for the validation of the real-time behavior of an artificial intelligence software. We study the OSEK operating system that requires few hardware resources and is cost effective. The overheads are due to the context switching mechanism which activates, terminates, and reschedules tasks, and to the periodic timer used to create the time base which is necessary for the periodic tasks model. We show how to take into account those overheads in the feasibility conditions. We compare the theoretical worst case response time obtained with kernel overheads to the response time obtained on a a task set, on a real robot, based on the event driven OSEK implementation. We show that the kernel overheads cannot be neglected and that the theoretical results are valid and can be used to ensure a deterministic behavior of the robot.
Increased Brain Activity in Frontal and Parietal Cortex Underlies the Development of Visuospatial Working Memory Capacity during Childhood
Authors: Torkel Klingberg, Hans Forssberg, Helena Westerberg
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2002)

The aim of this study was to identify changes in brain activity associated with the increase in working memory (WM) capacity that occurs during childhood and early adulthood. Functional MRI (fMRI) was used to measure brain activity in subjects between 9 and 18 years of age while they performed a visuospatial WM task and a baseline task. During performance of the WM task, the older children showed higher activation of cortex in the superior frontal and intraparietal cortex than the younger children did. A second analysis found that WM capacity was significantly correlated with brain activity in the same regions. These frontal and parietal areas are known to be involved in the control of attention and spatial WM. The development of the functionality in these areas may play an important role in cognitive development during childhood.
On solving boundary value problems of modified Helmholtz equations by plane wave functions
Authors: Xin Li
Venue: Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics (2006)

Plane wave functions eλ〈x, wθ〉 in R2, where λ > 0, x = (x, y), wθ = (cos θ, sin θ), and 〈x, wθ〉 := x cos θ + y sin θ, are used as basis functions to solve boundary value problems of modified Helmholtz equations Δu(x) - λ2u(x) = 0, x ∈ Ω, u(x)= h(x) x ∈ ∂Ω, where Δ is the Laplace operator and Ω a bounded and simply connected domain in R2. Approximations of the exact solution of the above problem by plane wave functions are explicitly constructed for the case that Ω is a disc, and the order of approximations is derived. A computational algorithm by collocation methods based on a simple singular decomposition of circular matrices is proposed, and numerical examples are shown to demonstrate the efficiency of the methods.
H.M. Revisited: Relations between Language Comprehension, Memory, and the Hippocampal System
Authors: Donald G. Mackay, Rachel Stewart, Deborah M. Burke
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (1998)

Three studies tested the claim that H.M. exhibits a "pure memory deficit" that has left his ability to comprehend language unimpaired relative to memory-normal controls. In Study 1, H.M. and memory-normal controls of comparable intelligence, education, and age indicated whether sentences were ambiguous or unambiguous, and H.M. detected ambiguities significantly less often than controls. In Study 2, participants identified the two meanings of visually presented sentences that they knew were ambiguous, and relative to controls, H.M. rarely discovered the ambiguities without help and had difficulty understanding the first meanings, experimenter requests, and his own output. Study 3 replicated these results and showed that they were not due to brain damage per se or to cohort effects: Unlike H.M., a patient with bilateral frontal lobe damage detected the ambiguities as readily as young and samecohort older controls. These results bear on two general classes of theories in use within a wide range of neurosciences and cognitive sciences: The data favor "distributed-memory theories" that ascribe H.M.'s deficit to semantic-level binding processes that are inherent to both language comprehension and memory, over "stages-of-processing theories," where H.M.'s defective storage processes have no effect on language comprehension.
Point/Counterpoint
Authors: Sharad Sharma, Girish Seshagiri
Venue: IEEE Software (2006)

Has global software development become a competitive necessity or do the management burdens outweigh the benefits? Two industry experts argue each side of the question. This department is part of a special issue on Global Software Development.
User experience design guidelines for telecare services
Authors: Bruno von Niman, Alejandro Rodriguez-Ascaso, Torbjørn Sund, Steve J. Brown
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th conference on Human-computer interaction with mobile devices and services (2006)

The present paper introduces the telecare user experience guidelines under development in the European Telecommunication Standards Institute (ETSI), www.etsi.org, co-funded by the European Commission and EFTA.This work is performed under the policy framework defined by the European Commission's e-Europe 2005 action plan, by and in close collaboration between major industry players and ETSI.
A Model of Prefrontal Cortical Mechanisms for Goal-directed Behavior
Authors: Michael E. Hasselmo
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2005)

Many behavioral tasks require goal-directed actions to obtain delayed reward. The prefrontal cortex appears to mediate many aspects of goal-directed decision making. This article presents a model of prefrontal cortex function emphasizing the influence of goal-related activity on the choice of the next motor output. The model can be interpreted in terms of key elements of Reinforcement Learning Theory. Different neocortical minicolumns represent distinct sensory input states and distinct motor output actions. The dynamics of each minicolumn include separate phases of encoding and retrieval. During encoding, strengthening of excitatory connections forms forward and reverse associations between each state, the following action, and a subsequent state, which may include reward. During retrieval, activity spreads from reward states throughout the network. The interaction of this spreading activity with a specific input state directs selection of the next appropriate action. Simulations demonstrate how these mechanisms can guide performance in a range of goal-directed tasks, and provide a functional framework for some of the neuronal responses previously observed in the medial prefrontal cortex during performance of spatial memory tasks in rats.
Developing an Open Source Integrated Development Environment for a Mobile Device
Authors: Juha Jarvensivu, Matti Kosola, Mikko Kuusipalo, Pekka Reijula, Tommi Mikkonen
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Software Engineering Advances (2006)

Software development can be eased with an integrated development environment (IDE), which allows the use of different individual tools from one single development platform. Unfortunately, when developing software for a particular embedded system, the development of an IDE for a certain device can be expensive, as the development of an IDE requires a lot of resources. In this paper, we introduce our experiences regarding the development of an integrated development for a mobile device, Nokia 770 Internet Tablet. Our goal was to aim at a fullyfledged IDE with the lowest possible costs. In order to accomplish this, we turned to open source development communities, and targeted our effort to the integration of already existing components into a simple yet practical IDE. Towards the end of the paper, we also discuss the effort it took to develop such a system.
Missing data and the design of phylogenetic analyses
Authors: John J. Wiens
Venue: Journal of Biomedical Informatics (2006)

Concerns about the deleterious effects of missing data may often determine which characters and taxa are included in phylogenetic analyses. For example, researchers may exclude taxa lacking data for some genes or exclude a gene lacking data in some taxa. Yet, there may be very little evidence to support these decisions. In this paper, I review the effects of missing data on phylogenetic analyses. Recent simulations suggest that highly incomplete taxa can be accurately placed in phylogenies, as long as many characters have been sampled overall. Furthermore, adding incomplete taxa can dramatically improve results in some cases by subdividing misleading long branches. Adding characters with missing data can also improve accuracy, although there is a risk of long-branch attraction in some cases. Consideration of how missing data does (or does not) affect phylogenetic analyses may allow researchers to design studies that can reconstruct large phylogenies quickly, economically, and accurately.
A tool supported engineering process for developing control applications
Authors: Christos Tranoris, Kleanthis Thramboulidis
Venue: Computers in Industry (2006)

Engineers in industrial and control sector continuously face problems on developing modem distributed industrial control applications. The latest standard in this domain, the IEC61499, defines a methodology to be used by system designers to construct distributed industrial control applications. New generation Engineering Support Systems (ESSs) are required to support the whole development process. In this paper, a process that introduces new and enhances already defined phases of the IEC61499 development process is presented. Model Driven Development has been adopted and two meta-models have been defined: a Unified Modelling Language (UML) based one that is used in the analysis phase and an IEC61499 based for the design phase. A set of transformation rules, formally defined by means of UML's Object Constraint Language, is defined to ameliorate the transformation process between the two metamodels. The proposed development process is supported by a prototype ESS, namely CORFU ESS, which is used to present a case study.
Bootstrapping rule induction to achieve rule stability and reduction
Authors: Lemuel R. Waitman, Douglas H. Fisher, Paul H. King
Venue: Journal of Intelligent Information Systems (2006)

Most rule learning systems posit hard decision boundaries for continuous attributes and point estimates of rule accuracy, with no measures of variance, which may seem arbitrary to a domain expert. These hard boundaries/points change with small perturbations to the training data due to algorithm instability. Moreover, rule induction typically produces a large number of rules that must be filtered and interpreted by an analyst. This paper describes a method of combining rules over multiple bootstrap replications of rule induction so as to reduce the total number of rules presented to an analyst, to measure and increase the stability of the rule induction process, and to provide a measure of variance to continuous attribute decision boundaries and accuracy point estimates. A measure of similarity between rules is also introduced as a basis of multidimensional scaling to visualize rule similarity. The method was applied to perioperative data and to the UCI (University of California, Irvine) thyroid dataset.
Developing LHCb Grid software: experiences and advances: Research Articles
Authors: I. Stokes-Rees, A. Tsaregorodtsev, V. Garonne, R. Graciani, M. Sanchez, M. Frank, J. Closier
Venue: Concurrency and Computation: Practice Experience (2007)

The LHCb Grid software has been used for two Physics Data Challenges, with the latter producing over 98 TB of data and consuming over 650 processor-years of computing power. This paper discusses the experience of developing a Grid infrastructure, interfacing to an existing Grid (LCG) and traditional computing centres simultaneously, running LHCb experiment software and jobs on the Grid, and the integration of a number of new technologies into the Grid infrastructure. Our experience and utilization of the following core technologies will be discussed: OGSI, XML-RPC, Grid services, LCG middleware and instant messaging. Specific attention will be given to analysing the behaviour of over 100&thinsp;000 jobs executed through the LCG Grid environment, providing insight into the performance, failure modes and scheduling efficiency over a period of several months for a large computational Grid incorporating over 40 sites and thousands of nodes. &copy; Crown copyright 2006. Reproduced with the permission of Her Majesty's Stationery Office. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of traffic flow measurements by rate-interval curves
Authors: Giada Giorgi, Claudio Narduzzi
Venue: Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Performance evaluation methodolgies and tools (2006)

In this paper we propose a method for the analysis of aggregate traffic by means of empirical rate-interval curves obtained from experimental data. The approach is related to the theory of Network Calculus, and is based on an algorithm which is different from the commonly employed approach based on wavelets, although it retains some of its multiresolution features. We present results, obtained both by simulation and in the analysis of real traffic traces, which provide an assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of the proposed method. Rate-interval curve analysis provides very robust and acceptably accurate estimates of the Hurst parameter value and, even in the presence of flow irregularities, results can be proved to be correct as far as scaling properties are concerned. Further analyses concerning peaks, bursts and similar localized phenomena that may have a significant impact on the performances of a network are allowed by considering maximal rate envelopes.
Tackling variability and reliability challenges
Authors: Shekhar Borkar
Venue: IEEE Design Test (2006)

Variability and reliability will be the barriers to future technology scaling. Every discipline, from fabrication to software, needs to cooperate and make the VLSI system reliable in the presence of variability and the resulting inherent unreliability of components.
Spectrum reuse using transmitting antenna arrays with feedback
Authors: D. Gerlach, A. Paulraj
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing,1994. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 04 (1994)

Currently, a central base station communicates simultaneously with several mobile users by allocating a separate time or frequency channel for each mobile to prevent undesired crosstalk. However, each time or frequency channel may be reused among several mobiles by means of an antenna array at the base station which points a separate beam at each user. The downlink beamformer would normally operate in an "open loop" mode, in which the base steers a mainlobe in the direction of each mobile. Such a system may operate effectively in a free space environment with no multipath. In the presence of scattering, open loop methods will not perform adequately. A new "closed loop" technique is presented in which each mobile user feeds back to the base estimates of the received signal amplitudes. Using feedback, the base station can achieve precision beamforming resulting in lower crosstalk and improved signal separation even in the presence of strong scattering environments.
Temporal qualitative coalitional games
Authors: Thomas Ågotnes, Wiebe van der Hoek, Michael Wooldridge
Venue: Proceedings of the fifth international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems (2006)

Qualitative Coalitional Games (QCGs) are a version of coalitional games in which an agent's desires are represented as goals which are either satisfied or unsatisfied, and each choice available to a coalition is a set of goals, which would be jointly satisfied if the coalition made that choice. A coalition in a QCG will typically form in order to bring about a set of goals that will satisfy all members of the coalition. In this paper, we introduce and study Temporal QCGs (TQCGs), i.e., games in which a sequence of QCGs is played. In order to represent and reason about such games, we introduce a linear time temporal logic of QCGs, known as &pound; (TQCG). We give a complete axiomatization of &pound; (TQCG), use it to investigate the properties of TQCGs in a small example, identify its expressive power, establish its complexity, characterise classes of TQGCs with formulas from our logical language, and formulate several (temporal) solution concepts for TQCGs.
Manual labor
Authors: Lynn Greiner
Venue: netWorker (2006)

There's nothing like a new toy to make a techie happy, and the giant box that showed up in my office a few weeks ago was chock-full of wonderfulness. It held the long-awaited new LTO-3 tape changer for the server at my site.