ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
A Low-Power Implementation of 3D Graphics System for Embedded Mobile Systems
Authors: Chanmin Park, Hyunhee Kim, Jihong Kim
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE/ACM/IFIP Workshop on Embedded Systems for Real Time Multimedia (2006)

For mobile 3D graphics systems, even though performance requirements are met, an efficient power management is even more important for battery-powered mobile devices since they require a large number of arithmetic operations as well as a high frequency of memory accesses. According to the analysis of the power consumption of mobile 3D graphics pipelines and the slacks across the pipeline stages, we describe intra-frame and inter-frame DVS low-power techniques reducing the power consumption of mobile devices based on a variable voltage processor. Our implementation on a PDA development board shows that the proposed DVS techniques achieve an energy saving of up to 46% over a non-DVS implementation
Processor Interconnection Strategies
Authors: R. A. Finkel
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (1980)

In this paper, we describe four families of topologies for interconnecting many identical processors into a computer network. Each family extends to arbitrarily many processors while keeping the number of neighbors of any one processor fixed. These families are investigated with respect to bus load, routing algorithms, and the relation between the average interprocessor distance and the size of the network.
Damia: a data mashup fabric for intranet applications
Authors: Mehmet Altinel, Paul Brown, Susan Cline, Rajesh Kartha, Eric Louie, Volker Markl, Louis Mau, Yip-Hing Ng, David Simmen, Ashutosh Singh
Venue: Proceedings of the 33rd international conference on Very large data bases (2007)

Damia is a lightweight enterprise data integration service where line of business users can create and catalog high value data feeds for consumption by situational applications. Damia is inspired by the Web 2.0 mashup phenomenon. It consists of (1) a browser-based user-interface that allows for the specification of data mashups as data flowfgraphs using a set of operators, (2) a server with an execution engine, as well as (3) APIs for searching, debugging, executing and managing mashups. Damia offers a framework and functionality for dynamic entity resolution, streaming and other higher value features particularly important in the enterprise domain. Damia is currently in perpetual beta in the IBM Intranet. In this demonstration, we showcase the creation and execution of several enterprise data mashups, thereby illustrating the architecture and features of the overall Damia system.
A Combinatorial Approach to Quantify Stochastic Failure of Complex Component-Based Systems_The Case of an Advanced Railway Level Crossing Surveillance System
Authors: Chi-Chung Tao
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery - Volume 04 (2007)

There are different approaches to quantify stochastic failures of complex component-based systems. Methods successfully applied such as Fault Tree Analysis, Event Tree Analysis, Markov Analysis and Failure Mode and Effect Analysis are recommended to certain extend according to their applicability to component-based systems. A combinatorial model of Fault Tree Analysis and Markov analysis is developed in this paper to estimate the safety state of an advanced railway level crossing surveillance system which will be implemented by Taiwan Railways Administration in the future. Based on observations of an existing level crossing system, the combinatorial model is used to determine an instantaneous risk probability function, which is dependent on the system state. The results demonstrate that the advanced railway level crossing surveillance system has a higher safety state probability than the existing one.
False Negative and Positive Models of Dither Modulation Watermarking
Authors: Jun Xiao, Ying Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Image and Graphics (2007)

False negative and positive probabilities are two important performances of watermarking systems. In the existing literature, results are known for studying the false negative and positive probabilities of the systems based on correlation detectors. Instead, in this paper, we study the false negative and positive probability models of dither modulation system which doesn't use correlation detector. We derive the false negative and positive probability models for dither modulation from the detection principle of the detectors. Expressions are derived both for the case of Gaussian noise and of no noise. The theoretical results are compared with the experimental results obtained in the case of random work and watermark, and the comparison validates the accuracy of the established models, and it also shows that random work and watermark have little influence on the false negative and positive probabilities, and this is different from the systems based on correlation detection.
Evaluation of general-purpose lifters for the date harvest industry based on a fuzzy inference system
Authors: S. M. Mazloumzadeh, M. Shamsi, H. Nezamabadi-pour
Venue: Computers and Electronics in Agriculture (2008)

Most dates are still harvested manually around the world because a mechanized method that covers all the needs is not available. General-purpose lifters of various models are used for date harvesting in some orchards in Iran which is the second largest world producer. In this research the Mamdani Fuzzy Inference System (MFIS) was used to evaluate and classify 10 different lifters on the market to find the most suitable one for date plantations in Iran. Five principal lifter features including working height, length, width, payload and price were selected for comparison. To assign membership functions to each lifter feature, the values of tree spacing, tree yields and tree trunk heights were used. The required data were measured in a survey from 9 orchards in Bam and Shahdad cities (two big producers of dates in Iran). Initial analysis of data showed that two features of all studied lifters including width and payload were in required range for working in date groves, therefore, these features were not included in the fuzzy evaluation system. The lifters were graded by both a human date grower expert and the MFIS. Classified results obtained from the MFIS showed 85% general agreement with the results from the date grower expert. Based on the results, a lifter with 12m of working height, length of 4.1m and price of 27million Iranian Rials (@?2000) was found as the most suitable harvester for the studied region. The results showed that any new designs of date harvester for studied region must be able to reach to a working height of maximum 13.5m. Lifters need to have a length of less than 3m and must be cheaper than 40million Iranian Rials (@?3000). This technique could be used to evaluate and classify any new date harvesting alternative.
TinyPC: enabling low-cost internet access in developing regions
Authors: Muneeb Ali, Koen Langendoen
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 workshop on Networked systems for developing regions (2007)

Benefits of the Internet and communication technologies are limited to the world's "first-world" population. Cost factors, low literacy, and limited access to power and bandwidth in developing regions prohibit Internet access for potential developing-world users. Apart from limited communication infrastructure (telephone lines, ISPs, 802.11 long-distance links, etc.) a fundamental road-block in providing Internet access to developing-world users is the lack of affordable end-user computing devices. Most previous attempts to develop inexpensive computing devices were commercial failures as they were unable to keep the retail costs low. In this paper we present the design of TinyPC - a low-cost computing device specifically aimed at providing basic Internet access (web browsing, email) to developing-world users. TinyPC is inspired by recent advances in embedded networked systems (like sensor networks) and we show that, even today, with TinyPC it is possible to connect a developing-world user to the Internet in price ranges well below $100.
Quantitative and visual analysis of the impact of music on perceived emotion of film
Authors: Rob Parke, Elaine Chew, Chris Kyriakakis
Venue: Computers in Entertainment (CIE) (2007)

This article presents quantitative and visual methods for the analysis of the effect of music on emotion perceived in film. We discover strong, visible, and quantifiable trends in the effect of music on perceived emotion of film. We perform studies using both selected classical and composed music segments annotated with diverse emotions, paired with ambiguous film clips. We collect and analyze viewers' ratings of stress, activity, and dominance in the silent film, and film with various music soundtracks. The results are mapped onto a three-dimensional emotion space for visual and quantitative analysis. Aggregate scatter plots and center of mass results are presented using this emotion space. We find that the center of mass of the perceived emotion of film and music combined is consistently situated on a path between the center of mass of the musicalone response and that of the film-alone response. Regression analysis based on this trajectory observation results in coefficients with high R2 values (R2 = 0.675 for stress, R2 = 0.817 for activity, and R2 = 0.813 for dominance) for the first study with classical music selections, and lower R2 values (R2 = 0.199 for stress, R2 = 0.405 for activity, and R2 = 0.660 for dominance) for the second study with composed music. We conclude that continuous treatment of the two-dimensional emotion space provides a metric for comparing and assessing emotion ratings, and that spatial interpolation in this space provides a viable method for predicting the effect of music on perceived emotion of film.
Mobile robot learning by evolution of fuzzy controller
Authors: Sung-Bae Cho, Seung-Ik Lee
Venue: Journal of Intelligent Fuzzy Systems: Applications in Engineering and Technology (1998)

In this paper we describe an evolutionary fuzzy system to control a mobile robot effectively, and apply it to the simulated mobile robot called Khepera. The system gets input from eight infrared sensors and operates two motors according to fuzzy inference based on the sensory input. In order to robustly determine the shape and number of membership functions in fuzzy rules, genetic algorithm has been utilized. This approach reduces the burden of human operators to decide the structure of fuzzy rules. With the simulation of Khepera robot, we confirm that the evolutionary approach might find out a set of optimal fuzzy rules which make the robot to reach the goal point, as well as to solve autonomously several subproblems such as obstacle avoidance and passing-by narrow corridors.
Reactive Learning Strategy for AsymBoost Based Face Detectors
Authors: I. Visentini, C. Micheloni, G. L. Foresti
Venue: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing (2007)

The face detection problem is certainly one of the most studied problems in the field of computer vision. It finds indeed application in the human-computer interaction field, automotive, etc. but especially in video surveillance and security systems. In the last years, AdaBoost-based systems showed good performance in both detection rate and computation time allowing its exploitation in realtime face detectors. Although effective, the natural asymmetry, brought by the problem of separating objects from the rest of the world, highlighted the limits of such an algorithm. To overcome this limit the AsymBoost version has been introduced to better distinguish the patterns of the two classes. In this paper, we further optimize the learning strategy by extending the AsymBoost cascade algorithm by introducing a reactive control of the asymmetry at both cascade and classifiers learning stages. The results will point out how the proposed strategy cuts the false negatives by keeping low the false positives.
Representing and Characterizing Handwritten Mathematical Symbols through Succinct Functional Approximation
Authors: Bruce W. Char, Stephen M. Watt
Venue: Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition - Volume 02 (2007)

We model on-line ink traces for a set of 219 symbols to "best fit" low-degree polynomial series. Using a collection of mathematical writing samples, we find that in many cases this provides a succinct way to model the stylus movements of actual test users. Furthermore, even without further similarity-processing, the polynomial coefficients from the writing samples form clusters which often contain the same character as written by different users. We find this style of characterization to be an attractive tool due to the suitability of the representation to computation and mathematical analysis.
Physical Aspects of Logical Devices
Authors: S. F. Lundstrom
Venue: Computer (1972)

Logic devices affect system design in many ways in addition to implementing the desired logic functions. With the high-speed circuits available today, the system designer must pay careful attention to the implications of the logic devices on signal interconnections, packaging and cooling as well as power generation and distribution. Wire is no longer a resistive element in the circuit; it may have significant capacitive and inductive properties at the frequencies of use. This paper considers how many of these factors are related and presents some of the approaches being made to solve these problems.
An investigation of the use of a wiki to support knowledge exchange in public health
Authors: Richard Giordano
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 international ACM conference on Supporting group work (2007)

This paper describes the use of a wiki to foster joint learning among a group of non-profit, community-based organizations involved with improving public health in London. The goal of the wiki was to encourage the growth of a community of practice-clear patterns of mutual engagement, joint enterprise and an emergent and shared repertoire of action-among these organizations. Participants reported that they failed to contribute to the wiki largely for economic reasons, issues of identity, and a lack of group norms. A critical factor in its failure, however, was the lack of its integration into existing work practices and project governance.
Spectral finite element analysis of elastically connected double-beam systems
Authors: Jun Li, Hongxing Hua
Venue: Finite Elements in Analysis and Design (2007)

A spectral finite element method for two parallel beams connected to each other by the vertical springs uniformly distributed along the beam length is introduced in this paper. The effects of the shear deformation and rotary inertia of the beams are accounted for. The coupled equations of motion are derived by using Hamilton's principle and the spectral element matrix is established based on the exact solutions of the governing equations. The use of the proposed spectral element formulation to investigate the free vibration characteristics of the particular double-beam systems is demonstrated by applying the Muller root search algorithm. Once the natural frequencies and mode shapes are obtained, a spectral element based normal mode method is introduced to compute the dynamic response of the double-beam systems subjected to various kinds of concentrated and distributed loads. Numerical results of the present method are verified by comparing with those available in the literature.
The Multiple-Write Bus Technique
Authors: R. Gemballa
Venue: IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications (1982)

A New Access Technique, Developed in Germany, Solves Some Raster Scan Problems and Also Appears to Speed up Basic Sorting Algorithms.
Data mining for agent reasoning: A synergy for training intelligent agents
Authors: Andreas L. Symeonidis, Kyriakos C. Chatzidimitriou, Ioannis N. Athanasiadis, Pericles A. Mitkas
Venue: Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence (2007)

The task-oriented nature of data mining (DM) has already been dealt successfully with the employment of intelligent agent systems that distribute tasks, collaborate and synchronize in order to reach their ultimate goal, the extraction of knowledge. A number of sophisticated multi-agent systems (MAS) that perform DM have been developed, proving that agent technology can indeed be used in order to solve DM problems. Looking into the opposite direction though, knowledge extracted through DM has not yet been exploited on MASs. The inductive nature of DM imposes logic limitations and hinders the application of the extracted knowledge on such kind of deductive systems. This problem can be overcome, however, when certain conditions are satisfied a priori. In this paper, we present an approach that takes the relevant limitations and considerations into account and provides a gateway on the way DM techniques can be employed in order to augment agent intelligence. This work demonstrates how the extracted knowledge can be used for the formulation initially, and the improvement, in the long run, of agent reasoning.
Evolutionary Approaches to Solve an Integrated Lot Scheduling Problem in the Soft Drink Industry
Authors: Claudio Fabiano Motta Toledo, Paulo Morelato Franca, Reinaldo Morabito, Alf Kimms
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Hybrid Intelligent Systems (2007)

This paper proposes two evolutionary approaches as procedures to solve the Synchronized and Integrated Two-Level Lot-Sizing and Scheduling Problem (SITLSP). This problem can be found in some industrial settings, mainly soft drink companies, where the production process involves two interdependent levels with decisions concerning raw material storage and soft drink bottling. The first approach to solve the SITLSP is a Multi-Population Genetic Algorithm (GA) with a hierarchical ternary tree structure for populations. The second approach is a Memetic Algorithm (MA) that extends the GA approach through the inclusion of a local search procedure. The computational study reported reveals that those methods are an effective alternative to solve real-world instances of the SITLSP.
Parallel Scripting with Python
Authors: Konrad Hinsen
Venue: Computing in Science and Engineering (2007)

The combination of the Python language and the BSP parallel computing model make developing and testing parallel programs a much more pleasurable experience.
Evaluation of haptically augmented touchscreen gui elements under cognitive load
Authors: Rock Leung, Karon MacLean, Martin Bue Bertelsen, Mayukh Saubhasik
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Multimodal interfaces (2007)

Adding expressive haptic feedback to mobile devices has great potential to improve their usability, particularly in multitasking situations where one's visual attention is required. Piezoelectric actuators are emerging as one suitable technology for rendering expressive haptic feedback on mobile devices. We describe the design of redundant piezoelectric haptic augmentations of touchscreen GUI buttons, progress bars, and scroll bars, and their evaluation under varying cognitive load. Our haptically augmented progress bars and scroll bars led to significantly faster task completion, and favourable subjective reactions. We further discuss resulting insights into designing useful haptic feedback for touchscreens and highlight challenges, including means of enhancing usability, types of interactions where value is maximized, difficulty in disambiguating background from foreground signals, tradeoffs in haptic strength vs. resolution, and subtleties in evaluating these types of interactions.
Workforce optimization: identification and assignment of professional workers using constraint programming
Authors: Y. Naveh, Y. Richter, Y. Altshuler, D. L. Gresh, D. P. Connors
Venue: IBM Journal of Research and Development (2007)

Matching highly skilled people to available positions is a high-stakes task that requires careful consideration by experienced resource managers. A wrong decision may result in significant loss of value due to understaffing, underqualification or overqualification of assigned personnel, and high turnover of poorly matched workers. While the importance of quality matching is clear, dealing with pools of hundreds of jobs and resources in a dynamic market generates a significant amount of pressure to make decisions rapidly. We present a novel solution designed to bridge the gap between the need for high-quality matches and the need for timeliness. By applying constraint programming, a subfield of artificial intelligence, we are able to deal successfully with the complex constraints encountered in the field and reach near-optimal assignments that take into account all resources and positions in the pool. The considerations include constraints on job role, skill level, geographical location, language, potential retraining, and many more. Constraints are applied at both the individual and team levels. This paper introduces the technology and then describes its use by IBM Global Services, where large numbers of service and consulting employees are considered when forming teams assigned to customer projects.
Design of Gesture Vocabularies through Analysis of Recognizer Performance in Gesture Space
Authors: Carlos Henrique Quartucci Forster
Venue: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Applications (2007)

This paper proposes a different paradigm for the design of gesture vocabularies that could be used, for instance, in a pen-gesture interface. In contrast to the usual approach in which a classifier is trained with multiple sketches drawn by an end-user who has a tentative set of sketch templates provided by the system designer, we intend to explore the gesture space to automate the design of the gesture vocabulary. Instead of training, a model of the gesture space of the recognizer is analyzed and a self- organized set of gestures with improved recognition rate is suggested for the designer or the end-user which then is able to filter and brush up the resulting vocabulary. As a result, simpler recognizers can be derived, vocabularies can be personalized by users without specialist knowledge of the behavior of the recognizer and a quasi-optimal vocabulary can be obtained regarding recognizer performance.
Guest Editors' Introduction: Realizing Service-Centric Software Systems
Authors: Olivier Nano, Andrea Zisman
Venue: IEEE Software (2007)

Service-centric software system is a multidisciplinary paradigm concerned with software systems that are constructed as compositions of autonomous services. These systems extend the service-oriented architecture paradigm by focusing on the design, development, and maintenance of software built under SOAs. In this special issue, we present five articles that tackle service-centric software systems.