ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
The thinnest of clients: controlling it all via cellphone
Authors: Frank Stajano, Alan Jones
Venue: ACM SIGMOBILE Mobile Computing and Communications Review (1998)

The thin client paradigm aims to give users access to central resources through inexpensive and easily deployed computing systems. But, however "thin" the client hardware, mobile users in the field still have the burden of carrying it. To alleviate this problem, we decided to adopt as our client a piece of hardware that many mobile users already carry with them anyway: the cellphone. This paper presents our experience in researching, implementing, deploying and using a system whereby users, wherever they are, can query and control their personalised computing resources and services by typing short messages on the keypad of their cellphone. Our system has been deployed and in use for over a year and has given us valuable insights on how to design and build a personal information service.
Interactive Graphics Devices
Authors: A. P. Lucido
Venue: Computer (1978)

The new user of interactive graphics systems probably doesn't know much about the tradeoffs and options involved with using interactive input/output equipment. And there are few sources of introductory material on the subject. This issue attempts to provide such a source.
A Model on the Processing of Noun-Noun Conceptual Combination and Its Verification
Authors: Min-Gyeong Choi, Ji-Hyang Oh, Hyeon-Woo Yi, Hyun-Jung Shin
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Natural Computation - Volume 05 (2007)

In this study, a model on the processing of noun-noun conceptual combination was proposed and an experiment was conducted to verify it. The model suggests that thematic-relation interpretation can be facilitated when there are any salient external properties in the head and the modifier is relevant to one of them. On the other hand, property-mapping interpretation can be facilitated when there are any salient internal properties in the modifier and the head has any relevant slot (dimension) to one of them. The experiment examined whether external/internal properties in the heads/modifiers and relevance between modifier and head can facilitate property or relation interpretation by measuring interpretation times and degrees of interpretation convergency. The results showed that the interpretation time is faster and the interpretation convergency is higher when there are external or internal properties and their relevant slots as well.
A programmable message classification engine for session initiation protocol (SIP)
Authors: Arup Acharya, Xiping Wang, Charles Wright
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd ACM/IEEE Symposium on Architecture for networking and communications systems (2007)

Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) has begun to be widely deployed for multiple services such as VoIP, Instant Messaging and Presence. Each of these services uses different SIP messages, and depending on the value of a service, e.g. revenue, the associated messages may need to be prioritized accordingly. Even within the same service, different messages may be assigned different priorities. In this paper, we present the design and implementation of a programmable classification engine for SIP messages in the Linux kernel. This design uses a novel algorithm that in addition to classifying messages can extract and maintain state information across multiple messages. We apply the classifier for overload control using operator-specified rules for categorizing messages and associated actions, augmented with a protocol-level understanding of SIP message structure. When faced with loads beyond their capacity (e.g., during catastrophic situations and major network outages), SIP servers must drop messages. It is therefore desirable that the server process high-value messages in preference to lower-value messages. We evaluated our in-kernel classifier implementation with an open source SIP server (SER) for such an overload scenario. The workload consists of a mix of call setup and call handoff messages, and the classifier is programmed with rules that prioritize handoffs over call setups. We show that, while SER can process about 40K messages/sec (in a FIFO manner), our classifier can examine and prioritize 105K messages/sec during overload. With the classifier operating at peak throughput, SER's processing rate drops to 31.6K messages/sec, but all of the available high-value messages are processed.
A Study on Ultra Low-Latency Mobile Networks
Authors: Satoshi Konishi, Xiaoqiu Wang, Takeshi Kitahara, Hajime Nakamura, Toshinori Suzuki
Venue: Wireless Personal Communications: An International Journal (2008)

Traffic demand for real-time services as well as non real-time services has recently been increasing, due to the rapid improvement in transmission bit-rate within communication networks. In the future ubiquitous network society, in addition to traffic demand for user-to-user real-time communications services, traffic of real-time applications is set to explode due to new communications traffic for machine-to-machine communications. This paper proposes "ultra low-latency mobile networks," where the target value for unidirectional end-to-end latency per IP packet is 10 ms, in order to establish a new communications infrastructure capable of providing next-generation real-time services. This paper introduces a model of such ultra low-latency mobile networks and the results of a feasibility study are also presented. The simulation study shows the potential to realize a mobile network with ultra low-latency of less than 10 ms for IP packets and a low IP packet error rate of < 0.1% through simulations. A test-bed developed to measure actual latency is also introduced in this paper as well as measurement results using this test-bed. The measurement results also confirm the possibility indicated by the simulation studies.
Local network distribution practices -- a walk from MDF to customer
Authors: D. I. Monro, D. S. Butler, S. Worger
Venue: BT Technology Journal (2007)

This paper explores the various components that make up the local network from the MDF in the local exchange to the customer. The dominant distribution media in the local network is copper and this will continue to hold its position as a simple and reliable technology, for many years to come. However, there is a move towards a new mixed technology in the local loop offering a wide range of services to the customer and this is briefly looked at in terms of reliability assessment.
Decentralized observer-based tracker for analog systems with saturating actuator and state constraints
Authors: J. S. H. Tsai, J. H. Lin, L. S. Shieh, C. R. Liu, S. M. Guo
Venue: Computers Mathematics with Applications (2008)

A weighted switching strategy and an inner-loop compensator are presented in this paper to design an observer-based tracker for a decentralized closed-loop cascaded system with a saturating actuator and state constraints. The LQR design methodology for the observer-based tracker is proposed to simplify the complexity of the decentralized control. The realizable sample-data controller with a low-gain property and a high design performance is realized through the digital redesign method. For obtaining a better design performance, evolutionary programming is then presented to tune the parameters of the tracker. Some examples are also presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.
Two-dimensional analysis of the surface state effects in 4H-SiC MESFETs
Authors: Xiaochuan Deng, Bo Zhang, Zhaoji Li, ZhuangLiang Chen
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2008)

Two-dimensional small-signal ac and transient analysis of surface trap effects in 4H-SiC MESFETs have been performed in this paper. The mechanism by which acceptor-type traps effect the transconductance and drain current changes has been discussed. The simulation results show that transconductance exhibits negative frequency dispersion behavior, which is caused by the charge exchange via the surface states existing between the gate-source and gate-drain terminals. The current degradation behavior is also observed due to acceptor-type traps, acting as electron traps, in MESFET devices. A detailed study involving the density, ionization and energy level of traps reveals conclusive results in the devices analyzed.
Hierarchical Analysis of IC Artwork with User-Defined Rules
Authors: Louis Scheffer, Ronny Soetarman
Venue: IEEE Design Test (1986)

Hierarchical design rule check and component extract offer many advantages, but no single form of hierarchical analysus fitsal situations. However, we will deal with hierarchical analyses which allow the user to specify how abstract representationsof cells are formed, how they are checked, and how to respond if a violation is detected. This allows one analysis fits allsituations. However, we will deal with hierarchical analyses which allow the user to specify how abstract representationsof cells are formed, how they are checked, and how to respond if a violation is detected. This allows one analysis program(with different rules) to use the designer's hierarchy for a wide variety of analyses. Analyses that were difficult in previousschemes (cross-coupling capacitances, terminals in the center of cells, and multilayer interconnects) can now be handled hierarchically.An analysis of existing custom VLSI chips reveals how designers use hierarchy. While they commonly add geometry across hierarchicalboundaries, designers rarely change the circuits of subcells?implying that hierarchical analysis is practical for a wide varieryof analysis is practical for a wide variety of analyses. Cases where hiearchical analysis is not practical, limited in variety,can be handled automatically by using differemt rules depending on the cell type.
A Nonimpact Page Printing System
Authors: R. F. Borelli
Venue: Computer (1975)

For a number of years computer peripherals have been recognized as bottlenecks in the computer performance race, and computer output hardcopy devices have been leading offenders.
Evaluation of electrical and optical properties of indium tin oxide thin film using chemical mechanical polishing technique
Authors: Yong-Jin Seo, Gwon-Woo Choi, Woo-Sun Lee
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2007)

In this study, the optimum process parameters and the influences of their process parameters were investigated for indium tin oxide-chemical mechanical polishing (ITO-CMP) with the sufficient removal rate and the good planarity. And then, the optical property such as transmittance and absorption efficiency, and the electrical characteristics such as sheet resistance, carrier density and Hall mobility were discussed in order to evaluate the possibility of CMP application for the organic light emitting display (OLED) device using an ITO film. Light transmission efficiency and current-voltage characteristics of ITO thin film were improved after CMP process using optimized process parameters compared to that of as-deposited thin film before CMP process.
Exponential dissipativeness of the random-structure diffusion processes and problems of robust stabilization
Authors: P. V. Pakshin
Venue: Automation and Remote Control (2007)

Consideration was given to the class of systems described by a finite set of the controllable control-affine diffusion Ito processes with stepwise transitions defined by the evolution of the uniform Markov chain (Markov switchings). For these systems, the notion of exponential dissipativity was introduced, and its theory was developed and used to estimate the possible variations of the output feedback law under which the system retains its robust stability. For the set of linear systems with uncertain parameters, proposed was a two-step procedure for determination of the output feedback control based on comparison with the stochastic model and providing their simultaneous robust stabilization. At the first step, the robust stabilizing control is established by means of an iterative algorithm. Then, the possible variations of the feedback law for which the robust stability is retained are estimated by solving a system of matrix linear inequalities. An example was presented.
A Two Stage Recognition Scheme for Handwritten Tamil Characters
Authors: U. Bhattacharya, S. K. Ghosh, S. Parui
Venue: Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition - Volume 01 (2007)

India is a multilingual multiscript country with more than 18 languages and 10 different major scripts. Not enough research work towards recognition of handwritten characters of these Indian scripts has been done. Tamil, an official as well as popular script of the southern part of India, Singapore, Malaysia, and Sri Lanka has a large character set which includes many compound characters. Only a few works towards handwriting recognition of this large character set has been reported in the literature. Re- cently, HP Labs India developed a database of handwrit- ten Tamil characters. In the present paper, we describe an off-line recognition approach based on this database. The proposed method consists of two stages. In the first stage, we apply an unsupervised clustering method to create a smaller number of groups of handwritten Tamil character classes. In the second stage, we consider a supervised clas- sification technique in each of these smaller groups for fi- nal recognition. The features considered in the two stages are different. The proposed two-stage recognition scheme provided acceptable classification accuracies on both the training and test sets of the present database.
Framework for Ontology-centered Modeling and Integration of Services in Web-based Processes
Authors: Alexandra Galatescu, Cristian Neicu, Taisia Greceanu
Venue: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Database and Expert Systems Applications (2007)

In the context of a Web-based organization, the paper proposes and motivates a conceptual and functional framework for the modeling, integration and execution of web service-oriented processes driven by ontologies (as common vocabularies between service providers and with the service requestors) and by ontology-based templates for activities, services and requests. The framework relies on the explicit semantic correlation between the mandatory conceptual signature of the activities that compose the processes and the semantics of the services discovered to execute them or of the requests submitted for their execution.
Fault Detection Capabilities of Alternating Logic
Authors: D. A. Reynolds
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (1978)

This paper details the fault detection capability of a design technique named "alternating logic design." The technique achieves its fault detection capability by utilizing a redundancy in time instead of the conventional redundancy in space and is based on the successive execution of a required function and its dual. In combinational networks the method involves the utilization of a self-dual fumction to represent the required function and the realization of the self dual function in a network with structral properties which are sufficient to guarantee the detection of all single faults. One network structure with sufficient structral properties to detect all single stuck-line faults is the standard AND/OR or OR/AND two-level network [1]. However, other more general combinational logic structures also possess sufficient structural properties. Necessary and sufficient structural properties for any alternating network to be capable of detecting all single faults are derived.
Caustics Effects with Photo-Realistic Rendering on Movie("Cars')
Authors: Jong Seo Kim, Kang Soo You, Hoon Sung Kwak
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering Research, Management & Applications (2007)

Caustics effects caused by light refraction play an important role in photorealistic rendering to realize rendering like photos. This paper examines caustics effects for light and materials in photorealistic rendering techniques. This paper analyzes caustics used in 'Cars(2006)' of Pixar and realizes caustics effects by using 'Vray' used frequently for photorealistic effects recently. And this paper examines the use environment of each variable and better expression to realize effects. The results can be used as data on characteristic and capability for realization of caustics effects.
Computer Aided Design for Large-Scale Integrated Circuits
Authors: D. K. Lynn
Venue: Computer (1972)

The complexity of integrated circuits has increased steadily over the past several years from circuits consisting of simple gates through Medium Scale Integration (MSI) and Large Scale Integration (LSI). Fabrication techniques for LSI have evolved from well-established integrated circuit technology. Because of the large physical size and the large number of components on the individual silicon die, production techniques have been substantially improved in order to maintain reasonable yields. However, the most significant effects of LSI on the semiconductor manufacturer are in the areas of design and testing; techniques used in the past for simpler integrated circuits are inadequate for LSI. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Some Comments on Postcorrections for Nonrestoring Division
Authors: J. P. Chinal
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (1972)

Assumptions for the problem of postcorrection in nonrestoring division, as treated in a previous note by Rhyne, are reviewed. A specific type of quotient and remainder with the so-called concatenation property is then defined for. signed operands. A criterion is also given, extending the one given by Rhyne, to determine postcorrections applicable to quotient and remainder resulting from nonrestoring division, so as to obtain the concatenation property, and is applied to a specific example.
Memory Optimization for Embedded Systems Running H.264/AVC Video Encoder
Authors: Tao Sheng, Mudar Sarem, Jingli Zhou, Shuai Hu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 International Conference on Parallel Processing Workshops (2007)

The computing power of microprocessors has exponentially increased in the past few decades, so the support to computation intensive multimedia applications has increased too. With such improved computing power, memory subsystem deficiency becomes the major barrier to support video encoder on Digital Signal Processor (DSP). H.264/AVC becomes the next generation video codec for embedded systems. In this paper, our focus is to enhance the encoding performance of H.264/AVC through memory optimization for DSP. The experimental results show that the proposed solutions can improve the H.264/AVC encoding speed by almost 30%. Also, the memory optimization method presented in this paper has been integrated into the developed embedded H.264/AVC video encoder. The encoder can perform real time encoding under four channels Common Intermediate Format (CIF) frame size, which is the typical requirement of networked video surveillance applications nowadays.
Book Reviews: Test Tutorials in Book Form
Authors: Scott Davidson
Venue: IEEE Design Test (2007)

This is a review of Advances in Electronic Testing: Challenges and Methodologies (edited by Dimitris Gizopoulos), which is part of a series called Frontiers in Electronic Testing. This book can be thought of as a set of advanced tutorials in book form. One of the best things about this book is that several chapters go beyond the what of the subject and into the why. The book is also well integrated, with pointers to other chapters when necessary and with a minimum overlap between chapters.
Preprocessing Techniques for Online Handwriting Recognition
Authors: B. Q. Huang, Y. B. Zhang, M. T. Kechadi
Venue: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Applications (2007)

This paper proposes a new preprocessing technique for online handwriting. The approach is to first remove the hooks of the strokes by using changed-angle threshold with length threshold, then filter the noise by using a smoothing technique, which is the combination of the Cubic Spline and the equal-interpolation methods. Finally, the handwriting is normalised. Experiments are carried out using the bench- mark UNIPEN database. The experimental results show that our preprocessing technique can improve the recogni- tion rates by at least 10%.
Tracing lineage beyond relational operators
Authors: Mingwu Zhang, Xiangyu Zhang, Xiang Zhang, Sunil Prabhakar
Venue: Proceedings of the 33rd international conference on Very large data bases (2007)

Tracing the lineage of data is an important requirement for establishing the quality and validity of data. Recently, the problem of data provenance has been increasingly addressed in database research. Earlier work has been limited to the lineage of data as it is manipulated using relational operations within an RDBMS. While this captures a very important aspect of scientific data processing, the existing work is incapable of handling the equally important, and prevalent, cases where the data is processed by non-relational operations. This is particularly common in scientific data where sophisticated processing is achieved by programs that are not part of a DBMS. The problem of tracking lineage when non-relational operators are used to process the data is particularly challenging since there is potentially no constraint on the nature of the processing. In this paper we propose a novel technique that overcomes this significant barrier and enables the tracing of lineage of data generated by an arbitrary function. Our technique works directly with the executable code of the function and does not require any high-level description of the function or even the source code. We establish the feasibility of our approach on a typical application and demonstrate that the technique is able to discern the correct lineage. Furthermore, it is shown that the method can help identify limitations in the function itself.
Finite 2-arc-transitive abelian Cayley graphs
Authors: Cai Heng Li, Jiangmin Pan
Venue: European Journal of Combinatorics (2008)

Let @C be a finite 2-arc-transitive Cayley graph of an abelian group. It is shown that either @C is explicitly known, or @C may be represented as a normal or bi-normal Cayley graph of an abelian or a meta-abelian 2-group. In particular, one of three cases occurs: @C=K"n","n-nK"2 where n is even but is not a 2-power, @C has 2-power number of vertices, or @C is a circulant.
Weak convergence of finite graphs, integrated density of states and a Cheeger type inequality
Authors: Gábor Elek
Venue: Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series B (2008)

In [G. Elek, On limits of finite graphs, Combinatorica, in press, URL: http://www.arxiv.org/pdf/math.CO/0505335] we proved that the limit of a weakly convergent sequence of finite graphs can be viewed as a graphing or a continuous field of infinite graphs. Thus one can associate a type II"1-von Neumann algebra to such graph sequences. We show that in this case the integrated density of states exists, that is, the weak limit of the spectra of the graph Laplacians of the finite graphs is the KNS-spectral measure of the graph Laplacian of the limit graphing. Using this limit technique we prove a Cheeger type inequality for finite graphs.