ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Simulation bounds for equivalence verification of polynomial datapaths using finite ring algebra
Authors: Namrata Shekhar, Priyank Kalla, M. Brandon Meredith, Florian Enescu
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems (2008)

This paper addresses simulation-based verification of high-level [algorithmic, behavioral, or register-transfer level (RTL)] descriptions of arithmetic datapaths that perform polynomial computations over finite word-length operands. Such designs are typically found in digital signal processing (DSP) for audio/video and multimedia applications; where the wordlengths of input and output signals (bit-vectors) are predetermined and fixed according to the desired precision. Initial descriptions of such systems are usually specified as MATLAB/C code. These are then automatically translated into behavioral/RTL descriptions for subsequent hardware synthesis. In order to verify that the initial MATLAB/C model is bit-true equivalent to the translated RTL, how many simulation vectors need to be applied? This paper derives some important results that show that exhaustive simulation is not necessary to prove/disprove their equivalence. To derive these results, we model the datapath computations as polynomial functions over finite integer rings of the form Z2m, where m corresponds to the bit-vector word-length. Subsequently, by exploring some number theoretic and algebraic properties of these rings, we derive an upper bound on the number of simulation vectors required to prove equivalence or to identify bugs. Moreover, these vectors cannot be arbitrarily generated. We identify exactly those vectors that need to be simulated. Experiments are performed within practical computer-aided design (CAD) settings to demonstrate the validity and applicability of these results.
3D modeling of complex and detailed cultural heritage using multi-resolution data
Authors: Fabio Remondino, Stefano Girardi, Alessandro Rizzi, Lorenzo Gonzo
Venue: Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage (JOCCH) (2009)

The article reports the interdisciplinary project of the virtualization of the Great Inscription of Gortyna, Crete, for 3D documentation, structural studies, and physical replica purposes. The digitization of the longest epigraphic text of the Greek civilization (6 m long and 1.75 m high, with approximately 2--3 mm-depth engraved letters) and its surrounding heritage area (around 30 &times; 30 m), required long planning and the construction of a dedicated acquisition system to speed up the surveying time, limited to few hours per day. Primarily, range sensors were employed in a multi-resolution way, digitizing detailed parts in high resolution and less smoothed areas with lower geometric resolution. Some selected areas were also modeled with our multiphoto geometrically constrained image matching approach to demonstrate that the same accuracy and details can be achieved using either scanners or photogrammetry. The derived 3D model of the heritage is now the basis for further archaeological studies on the incision techniques and a deeper structural analysis on the monument. The challenges of the work stay in the acquisition, processing, and integration of the multi-resolution data as well as their interactive visualization.
Adapting to dynamic heterogeneity: virtualization for the multicore era
Authors: Gurindar S. Sohi
Venue:  (2008)

As the computing industry enters the multicore era, exponential growth in the number of transistors on a chip continues to present challenges and opportunities to computer architects. This dissertation identifies and addresses one emerging issue in particular: that of dynamic heterogeneity, which can arise, even among physically homogeneous cores, from changing reliability, power, or thermal conditions, or different cache and TLB contents. This heterogeneity greatly complicates software's traditional task of assigning computation to cores because the conditions can change more rapidly than software can adapt. This dissertation begins a push toward hardware taking a more active role in the management of its computation resources. This dissertation proposes hardware techniques to virtualize the cores of a multicore processor, allowing hardware to transparently remap any number of the virtual processors exposed even to a single operating system to any subset of physical cores. Multicore virtualization operates with minimal overhead, and is shown to enable three novel resource management applications. In the first, intermittent faults are exposed as an emerging reliability challenge for computer systems. These faults, arising from a combination of physical variation and fluctuations in operating conditions, can cause certain cores to become unable to reliably execute for a short period of time. Multicore virtualization can quickly adapt to cores' changing capabilities, resulting in numerous performance and other benefits compared to existing techniques. Multicore virtualization is then used to improve the scheduling of consolidated servers, allowing the cores of a chip to be dynamically partitioned among guest virtual machines. Compared to gang scheduling, dynamic partitioning provides higher throughput, lower transaction latency, and more isolation, yet can quickly adapt to bursts in demand and changing capabilities of the underlying hardware. Finally, a Mixed-Mode Multicore (MMM) is proposed, which allows the simultaneous execution of applications that require high reliability, and those that require high performance. Though conceptually simple, several challenges arise, requiring the use of multicore virtualization and other techniques. The proposed MMM design is shown to improve overall system performance, compared to a traditional DMR system, by approximately 2 times when one extra-reliable and one extra-performance application are concurrently executing.
Note: MacMahon's partition identity and the coin exchange problem
Authors: Ae Ja Yee
Venue: Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series A (2009)

One of MacMahon's partition theorems says that the number of partitions of n into parts divisible by 2 or 3 equals the number of partitions of n into parts with multiplicity larger than 1. Recently, Holroyd has obtained a generalization. In this short note, we provide a bijective proof of his theorem.
On an iterative algorithm with superquadratic convergence for solving nonlinear operator equations
Authors: S. M. Shakhno
Venue: Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics (2009)

We study an iterative method with order (1+2) for solving nonlinear operator equations in Banach spaces. Algorithms for specific operator equations are built up. We present the received new results of the local and semilocal convergence, in case when the first-order divided differences of a nonlinear operator are Holder continuous. Moreover a quadratic nonlinear majorant for a nonlinear operator, according to the conditions laid upon it, is built. A priori and a posteriori estimations of the method's error are received. The method needs almost the same number of computations as the classical Secant method, but has a higher order of convergence. We apply our results to the numerical solving of a nonlinear boundary value problem of second-order and to the systems of nonlinear equations of large dimension.
Structural Changes in an Email-Based Social Network
Authors: Krzysztof Juszczyszyn, Katarzyna Musiał
Venue: Proceedings of the Third KES International Symposium on Agent and Multi-Agent Systems: Technologies and Applications (2009)

Different ways of detecting structural changes in email-based social networks are presented in the paper. A social network chosen for experiments was created on the basis of the Wroclaw University of Technology email server logs covering the period of 20 months. Structural parameters like degree centrality and prestige, clustering coefficients as well as betweenness and closeness centrality were computed for each of the consecutive months and their changes were analyzed. Our aim was to make an insight into dynamics of Internet-based social networks based on email service. It was found that the major changes in the structure of the network concern its local topology. Global indices like betweenness and closeness centrality remain relatively stable which also concerns the distribution of the local parameters such as degree centrality and prestige. However, the network size and local topology changes significantly which may be detected with motif analysis and visible changes in node clustering coefficients.
Dimensions of subjectivity in natural language
Authors: Wei Chen
Venue: Proceedings of the 46th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics on Human Language Technologies: Short Papers (2008)

Current research in automatic subjectivity analysis deals with various kinds of subjective statements involving human attitudes and emotions. While all of them are related to subjectivity, these statements usually touch on multiple dimensions such as non-objectivity, uncertainty, vagueness, non-objective measurability, imprecision, and ambiguity, which are inherently different. This paper discusses the differences and relations of six dimensions of subjectivity. Conceptual and linguistic characteristics of each dimension will be demonstrated under different contexts.
Maple and Mathematica: A Problem Solving Approach for Mathematics, 1st edition
Authors: Inna K. Shingareva, Carlos Lizrraga-Celaya
Venue:  (2007)

This book compares the two computer algebra programs, Maple and Mathematica used by students, mathematicians, scientists, and engineers. Structured by presenting both systems in parallel, Mathematicas users can learn Maple quickly by finding the Maple equivalent to Mathematica functions, and vice versa. This student reference handbook consists of core material for incorporating Maple and Mathematica as a working tool into different undergraduate mathematical courses (algebra, geometry, calculus, complex functions, special functions, integral transforms, mathematical equations). Part I describes the foundations of Maple and Mathematica (with equivalent problems and solutions). Part II describes Mathematics with Maple and Mathematica by using equivalent problems.
Web Standards Solutions: The Markup and Style Handbook, Special Edition
Authors: Dan Cederholm
Venue:  (2009)

Welcome to the expanded second edition of Dan Cederholm's best-selling Web Standards Solutions. Web Standards are the standard technology specifications enforced by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) to make sure that web designers and browser manufacturers are using the same technology syntax. It is important that these implementations are the same throughout the Web, otherwise it becomes a messy proprietary place, and lacks consistency. These standards also allow content to be more compatible with multiple different viewing devices, such as screen readers for people with vision impairments, cell phones, PDFs, etc. HTML, XML, and CSS are all such technologies. This book is your essential guide to understanding the advantages you can bring to your web pages by implementing web standards and precisely how to apply them. Web standards such as XHTML and CSS are now fairly well-known technologies, and they will likely be familiar to you, the web designer. Indeed, they are all around you on the Web. However, within web standards still lies a challenge: while the browser's support for web standards is steadily increasing, many web developers and designers have yet to discover the real benefits of web standards and respect the need to adhere to them. The real art is in truly understanding the benefits and implementing the standards efficiently. As a simple example of its power, you can use CSS to lay out your pages instead of nesting tables. This can make file sizes smaller, allowing pages to load faster, ultimately increasing accessibility for all browsers, devices, and web users. Expanded edition containing bonus material. Teaches how to use Web Standards effectively to build better web sites. Solutions style promotes learning by work-through examples and assessments. What you'll learn Web Standards Solutions is broken down into 16 short chapters, each covering the theory and practice of different web standards concepts and showing multiple solutions to given problems for easy learning. You'll learn about multi-column layouts, using image replacement techniques to your best advantage, making the best use of tables and lists, and many more. This highly modular approach allows you to rapidly digest, understand, and utilize the essentials of web standards. Use XHTML elements correctly so that your markup is compact and more easily understood. Use CSS to style different elements of a web page. Lay out pages easily and effectively. Compare multiple methods of achieving the same results to make better design choices. Learn about advanced web design techniques and their important caveats. Make your sites more efficient and more accessible. Who is this book for? Web developers and designers wanting to learn standards-based techniques to improve their sites making them more efficient, more accessible, and transferrable across multiple browsers and devices.
Understanding & enabling networks in digital government
Authors: Noshir Contractor
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research: Social Networks: Making Connections between Citizens, Data and Government (2009)

This tutorial will provide an overview of how network theoriesand visual-analytic methods are used to understand and enabledigital government
Usability challenges for enterprise service-oriented architecture APIs
Authors: Jack Beaton, Sae Young Jeong, Yingyu Xie, Jeffrey Stylos, Brad A. Myers
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (2008)

An important part of many programming tasks is the use of libraries and other forms of Application Programming Interfaces (APIs). Programming via web services using a Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) is an emerging form of API usage. Web services in a business context (called enterprise SOA or E-SOA) add additional complexity in terms of the number of the services, the variety of internal data structures, and service interdependencies. After altering existing Human-Computer Interaction (HC[) methodologies to address the unique context of software development for SOA, we evaluated a large E-SOA API and identified many usability challenges. Prominent results include difficulties developers encountered while assembling data structures in web service parameters, cycles of errors due to unclear control parameters within data structures, and difficulties with understanding long identifier names. We recommend a tolerance for unspecified objects in automatically-generated web service proxy code, consistent data structures in parame ters across services, and encoding optional namespace schemes into WSDL files.
Public Computing, Computer Literacy and Educational Outcome: Children and Computers in Rural India
Authors: Ritu Dangwal
Venue: Proceeding of the 2005 conference on Towards Sustainable and Scalable Educational Innovations Informed by the Learning Sciences: Sharing Good Practices of Research, Experimentation and Innovation (2005)

This paper reports the research findings from a national research program conducted in rural India. In this research, children were provided unconditional access to public, outdoor computer. Evaluation was conducted on the children's ability to learn to operate the computer and the effect of such playground computing on educational outcome. The results suggest that playground computers might have an important role to play in improving the outcomes of elementary education and in imparting critical life skills.
Scientific Modeling of Technology-Mediated Collaborative Learning Processes
Authors: Yau-yuen Yeung
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on Learning by Effective Utilization of Technologies: Facilitating Intercultural Understanding (2006)

Based on the well-established Monte Carlo approach called Ising model in magnetism, a concrete scientific model has been reformulated to simulate the students' processes of collaborative learning as induced by different kinds of group interactions between students who learn under the same intelligent tutoring system and technology-mediated learning platform/environment. Furthermore, a package of computer programs for this model has been specifically developed to provide numerical solutions or predictions for some hypothetical or real educational contexts which are of significant interest to the certain educators.
Knowledge Acquisition for the Creation of Assistance Tools to the Management of Air Traffic Control
Authors: David Annebicque, Igor Crevits, Thierry Poulain, Serge Debernard
Venue: Proceeding of the 2008 conference on Collaborative Decision Making: Perspectives and Challenges (2008)

This paper presents an approach which has for objective to model new tools allowing to help the controllers to assume the incessant increase of the air traffic (actual version of the platform AMANDA V2), as well as help them in the negotiation phase and cooperation with their counterparts of adjacent sector (objectives of the new version of AMANDA). Help them in furnishing some tools able to quickly share information, and to maintain good common situation awareness. An approach is proposed, it is divided in three main phases. A first phase which consists of understand and to model the decision-making process of controllers. The second phase introduces a multiple criteria decision-making methodology. This Methodology has for objective to understand in more details the activities of controllers and the cases of cooperation with adjacent sectors. Finally, the last phase is the operational level of the approach, and consists of an application of repertory grid methodology in order to guide the interviews with the different participants of the study. This will allow realizing the knowledge acquisition, keeping in mind objective to develop new tools. To conclude this paper, the last part presents an example of application of this approach and the first results.
A client-proxy-server service model on mobile ad hoc networks
Authors: G. E. Rizos, D. C. Vasiliadis
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd conference on European computing conference (2008)

The main challenges in the design and operation of the MANETs, compared to more traditional wireless networks, stem from the lack of a centralized entity, the potential for rapid node movement, and the fact that all communication is carried over the wireless medium. The research community has also recently addressed some extended features of this technology, such as multicasting. Also numerous new solutions to the "old" problems of routing and medium access control have been proposed. In this paper, we present a propose of a client-Proxy-Server service model on Mobile Ad hoc networks (MANET). We use the file transfer protocol to measure the performance of our model. The protocol provides file downloading from a dynamically discovered service component available in a MANET locality, even if the server moves during file transfer. The communications go from the clients to their local proxy and from the proxy to the retrieved server.
Multimedia Networking - Coordination of Multimedia Services in Next Generation Mobile Networks
Authors: Teodora Guenkova-Luy
Venue:  (2007)

The realization of ubiquitous access to Internet services in the next generation of mobile networks (NGN) needs to address the increasingly important challenges of networks cross-bridging, mobility and Quality of Service (QoS) for different kinds of multimedia services. Current mechanisms for providing QoS cover predominantly single facets of the global QoS management. However, QoS is a system aspect that crosses all components and layers of a distributed multimedia system. Consequently, the control mechanisms for service management turn to be increasingly complex with the growing system heterogeneity. Significant parts of this work are devoted to the optimisation of the control signalling for distributed multimedia services. The major topic of this work is the specification and the implementation of the End-to-End Negotiation Protocol (E2ENP). The protocol represents a novel approach to manage multimedia services in mobile and heterogeneous networks, different from the currently existing static service-coordination methods. This book is the publication of the doctor thesis of T. Guenkova-Luy and it addresses the topics of optimization of the multimedia-management systems in NGN. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Efficient decision making algorithms for adaptive applications
Authors: Tim Smits, Yves Vanrompay, Yolande Berbers
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd international workshop on Adaptive and dependable mobile ubiquitous systems (2009)

The trend within computer science towards ubiquitous computing results in the necessity of developing adaptive applications. The environment of applications becomes more heterogeneous and user needs vary heavily. In order to maintain the usability and dependability of these applications, adaptive behavior is needed. The focus of our research is the decision making phase in realizing adaptive behavior of an application. Algorithms reason about the adaptive application with the goal to select a new application variant that better fits the new environment. This reasoning has to be done on a search space which tends to be very complex, and consequently poses a problem towards scalability, even when applications are relatively small. Therefore, we present two novel algorithms which handle the complex search space in an intelligent way. In this paper, both algorithms are introduced along with a thorough evaluation of their behavior and scalability.
Thermal conditions in buildings-advances of acausal OO modelling in comparison with traditional approach
Authors: Borut Zupančič, Anton Sodja
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th WSEAS international conference on System science and simulation in engineering (2008)

The paper deals with some important aspects of continuous systems modelling approaches. Namely the traditional approach is based on block oriented schemes in which causal relations play an important role. However this causality is artificially generated in order to fulfil appropriate conditions for simulation on conventional sequential computers. Fortunately new concepts which are based on object oriented approaches, physically oriented connections and algebraic manipulation enable so called acausal modelling. Both approaches are used in the modelling of thermal flows in intelligent building. Advantages and disadvantages of two concepts and environments are discussed.
Evaluation and comparison criteria for extension-based argumentation semantics
Authors: Pietro Baroni, Massimiliano Giacomin
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on Computational Models of Argument: Proceedings of COMMA 2006 (2006)

In the context of Dung's theory of abstract argumentation frameworks, the comparison between different semantics is often carried out by resorting to some specific examples considered particularly meaningful. This kind of comparison needs to be complemented by more general evaluation criteria based on “example-independent” basic principles. We review several principles for argumentation semantics, identify their formal counterpart in terms of extensions, and analyze their relationships with the notion of argument justification state. Then, we evaluate and compare several semantics on the basis of the introduced principles.