ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Computing small-fleet aircraft availabilities including redundancy and spares
Authors: Jeffery K. Cochran, Theodore P. Lewis
Venue: Computers and Operations Research (2002)

Logistics support is a key element of aircraft transportation systems. This paper is concerned with the impact of aircraft spares provisioning decisions on the availability of aircraft. Spares provisioning in this context is complicated by the fact that spares may be shared across aircraft and that aircraft may have redundant systems. In addition, decisions concerning aircraft spares support require a rapid response for safety reasons. Analytical models have proven to provide a quicker response time than corresponding simulation models. There is an existing analytical model that includes the effect of redundancy and spares, but the underlying assumption is that a large number of aircraft are being modeled. In many applications, predictions of the number of times an aircraft can fly each day and the number of aircraft that are ready at any time are applied to a small fleet of aircraft. This paper demonstrates the improvement in computational accuracy that is achieved by reflecting the impact of small numbers of aircraft on availability projections. The approach used is to extend existing finite queuing spares models to including redundancy. Further, the method is used to optimize spares provision with respect to a user specified availability goal. Although the case study for this work is a military combat aircraft application from the Gulf War, the method is applicable to any small system of vehicles or machines where components may be redundant, demand and repairs may be approximated as following an exponential distribution, and limited access to spare parts is the rule.
Shock-capturing and front-tracking methods for granular avalanches
Authors: Y. C. Tai, S. Noelle, J. M. N. T. Gray, K. Hutter
Venue: Journal of Computational Physics (2002)

Shock formations are observed in granular avalanches when supercritical flow merges into a region of subcritical flow. In this paper we employ a shock-capturing numerical scheme for the one-dimensional Savage-Hutter theory of granular flow to describe this phenomenon. A Lagrangian moving mesh scheme applied to the nonconservative form of the equations reproduces smooth solutions of these free boundary problems very well, but fails when shocks are formed. A nonoscillatory central (NOC) difference scheme with TVD limiter or WENO cell reconstruction for the conservative equations is therefore introduced. For the avalanche free boundary problems it must be combined with a front-tracking method, developed here, to properly describe the margin evolution. It is found that this NOC scheme combined with the front-tracking module reproduces both the shock wave and the smooth solution accurately. A piecewise quadratic WENO reconstruction improves the smoothness of the solution near local extrema. The schemes are checked against exact solutions for (1) an upward moving shock wave, (2) the motion of a parabolic cap down an inclined plane, and (3) the motion of a parabolic cap down a curved slope ending in a flat run-out region, where a shock is formed as the avalanche comes to a halt.
The Wired Society
Authors: Carol Lea Clark, Powell
Venue:  (1998)

:The Wired Society is a reader rhetoric intended for first-year composition, advanced composition, or classes focusing on technology and society. As the title indicates, The Wired Society considers through the perspective of information technology. Readings from a variety of genres and levels focus on both controversial and background issues related to computers and Internet; they are "real-world," the types of writing students might encounter by surfing the World Wide Web or browsing books and periodicals in the library. The Wired Society will help students become critically aware as readers and writers of the issues involved in information technology.
Using C++: An Introduction to Programming, 1st edition
Authors: Julien O. Hennefeld, Charles Burchard
Venue:  (1998)

:Modeled on the style of Hennefeld's successful USING TURBO PASCAL 6.0-7.0, THIRD EDITION, this new book provides a concise, non-theoretical approach to programming using C++. Its clarity, readability, and wealth of illustrative examples make it especially suitable for use in any course for beginning programmers, but it is comprehensive enough to be used in a one- or two-term course taken by students with prior programming experience. The text encourages active reading by providing plenty of short, relevant code and program samples. As they read, students answer short questions about sample code fragments, and receive immediate feedback for self-checking. Hennefeld and Burchard introduce students to objects by showing them how to use some powerful, pre-defined classes (such as strings, streams, vectors, and matrices) as the need arises. To avoid overwhelming students with syntactic and conceptual material at once, the authors split more detailed coverage of classes into two chapters. Chapter 18 covers the writing of client programs based on reading the interfaces of several well-chosen classes; then Chapter 19 discusses implementation and modification of these classes.
Performance Analysis of a Distributed Question/Answering System
Authors: Mihai Surdeanu, Dan I. Moldovan, Sanda M. Harabagiu
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems (2002)

The problem of question/answering (Q/A) is to find answers to open-domain questions by searching large collections of documents. Unlike information retrieval systems very common today in the form of Internet search engines, Q/A systems do not retrieve documents, but instead provide short, relevant answers located in small fragments of text. This enhanced functionality comes with a price: Q/A systems are significantly slower and require more hardware resources than information retrieval systems. This paper proposes a distributed Q/A architecture that enhances the system throughput through the exploitation of interquestion parallelism and dynamic load balancing and reduces the individual question response time through the exploitation of intraquestion parallelism. Inter and intraquestion parallelism are both exploited using several scheduling points: one before the Q/A task is started and two embedded in the Q/A task. An analytical performance model is introduced. The model analyzes both the interquestion parallelism overhead generated by the migration of questions and the intraquestion parallelism overhead generated by the partitioning of the Q/A task. The analytical model indicates that both question migration and partitioning are required for a high-performance system: Intraquestion parallelism leads to significant speedup of individual questions, but it is practical up to about 90 processors, depending on the system parameters. The exploitation of intertask parallelism provides a scalable way to improve the system throughput. The distributed Q/A system has been implemented on a network of 16 Pentium III computers. The experimental results indicate that, at high system load, the dynamic load balancing strategy proposed in this paper outperforms two other traditional approaches. At low system load, the distributed Q/A system reduces question response times through task partitioning, with factors close to the ones indicated by the analytical model.
The relationship between program dependence and mutation analysis
Authors: Mark Harman, Rob Hierons, Sebastian Danicic
Venue: Mutation testing for the new century (2001)

This paper presents some connections between dependence analysis and mutation testing. Specifically, dependence analysis can be applied to two problems in mutation testing, captured by the questions: 1. How do we avoid the creation of equivalent mutants? 2. How do we generate test data that kills non-equivalent mutants? The theoretical connections described here suggest ways in which a dependence analysis tool might be used, in combination with existing tools for mutation testing, for test-data generation and equivalent-mutant decision. In this paper the variable orientated, fine grained dependence framework of Jackson and Rollins is used to achieve these two goals. This framework of dependence analysis appears to be better suited to mutation testing than the more traditional, Program Dependence Graph (PDG) approach, used in slicing and other forms of program analysis. The relationship between dependence analysis and mutation testing is used to define an augmented mutation testing process, with starts and ends with dependence analysis phases. The pre-analysis removes a class of equivalent mutants from further analysis, while the post-analysis phase is used to simplify the human effort required to study the few mutants that evade the automated phases of the process.
Geometry of Digital Spaces, 1st edition
Authors: Gabor T. Herman
Venue:  (1998)

:There are many areas of science and engineering where multi-dimensional discrete data are collected and analyzed, e.g., neuroscience, medical imaging, industrial inspection, geoscience, and fluid dynamics to name a few. In attempting to design and to prove the validity of computational procedures for visualization and analysis of the information in such data, the need for a mathematical theory of surfaces, objects, and their boundaries in discrete spaces is essential. Such a theory - the geometry of digital spaces - is the subject matter of this new book. Self-contained, accessible, and mathematically precise, this book serves as an introduction to this field, providing information that can be used immediately in the discussion of properties of practical algorithms in spaces. The approach used in "Geometry of Digital Spaces" is strongly application oriented. It presents problems of visualization and analysis of multi-dimensional data sets. The primary areas of mathematics used are graph theory and topology. Scientists and professionals from diverse backgrounds will find the discussions clear and accessible because all concepts and methods are carefully introduced, defined, and illustrated with examples.
The Official America Online Yellow Pages, 1st edition
Authors: John Kaufeld, Jennifer Kaufeld
Venue:  (1998)

:America Online members wander through a huge service that contains thousands of areas to explore. How do they find the nooks,the crannies,the little-known treasure pockets of the system? The Official America Online Yellow Pages uses Osborne's proven directory format to showcase the content of AOL's 20 different America Online content channels. Designed for both new and experienced AOL members,the book holds over 2,500 AOL keyword listings,reflecting the huge variety of content in AOL. Want to know how to build a box kite? Need to check on your stock prices? Want to see what the weather is like in Florida today,and the forecast for your hometown for the next week too? Thinking about buying a new home,or a car,or a stereo,or dinner out tonight? The Official America Online Yellow Pages shows users where that information is located,and which AOL keywords to use to get it.
Novell's Guide to Performance Tuning Intranet, 1st edition
Authors: Jeffrey F. Hughes, Blair W. Thomas
Venue:  (1998)

:A comprehensive guide to optimizing, tuning, and troubleshooting IntranetWare. Written by bestselling authors, the guide gives step-by-step instructions for performing routine "health checks" of the network. Readers will also find proven strategies for troubleshooting IntranetWare and Novell Directory Services. The CD-ROM features the IntranetWare SDK.
Rank-Two Relaxation Heuristics for MAX-CUT and Other Binary Quadratic Programs
Authors: Samuel Burer, Renato D. C. Monteiro, Yin Zhang
Venue: SIAM Journal on Optimization (2002)

The Goemans--Williamson randomized algorithm guarantees a high-quality approximation to the MAX-CUT problem, but the cost associated with such an approximation can be excessively high for large-scale problems due to the need for solving an expensive semidefinite relaxation. In order to achieve better practical performance, we propose an alternative, rank-two relaxation and develop a specialized version of the Goemans--Williamson technique. The proposed approach leads to continuous optimization heuristics applicable to MAX-CUT as well as other binary quadratic programs, for example the MAX-BISECTION problem.A computer code based on the rank-two relaxation heuristics is compared with two state-of-the-art semidefinite programming codes that implement the Goemans--Williamson randomized algorithm, as well as with a purely heuristic code for effectively solving a particular MAX-CUT problem arising in physics. Computational results show that the proposed approach is fast and scalable and, more importantly, attains a higher approximation quality in practice than that of the Goemans--Williamson randomized algorithm. An extension to MAX-BISECTION is also discussed, as is an important difference between the proposed approach and the Goemans--Williamson algorithm; namely, that the new approach does not guarantee an upper bound on the MAX-CUT optimal value.
A Note on Iterating an $\alpha$-ary Gray Code
Authors: Chi-Jen Lu, Shi-Chun Tsai
Venue: SIAM Journal on Discrete Mathematics (2001)

In this note we consider the number of distinct $\alpha$-ary codes produced by repeatedly applying the Gray code mapping of Sharma and Khanna [ Inform. Sci., 15 (1978), pp. 31--43]. This number was derived before by Lichtner [SIAM J. Discrete Math., 11 (1998), pp. 381--386], and we give an alternative proof here. Our key observation is a simple connection between this number and the period of binomial coefficients modulo $\alpha$. Then the result follows immediately from a known periodic property of binomial coefficients modulo $\alpha$ [ Fibonacci Quart., 27 (1989), pp. 64--79; SIAM J. Discrete Math., 9 (1996), pp. 55--62; Ann. Univ. Mariae Curie-Sklodowska Sect. A, 10 (1956), pp. 37--47].
Design and impementation of a robot control system using a unified hardware-software rapid-prototyping framework
Authors: Mani B. Srivastava, Trevor I. Blumenau, Robert W. Brodersen
Venue: Readings in hardware/software co-design (2001)

The increasing complexity of applications and the relative maturity of CAD tools for ASIC design have made design aids for the higher-level aspects of system design essential. We have developed a unified framework for the rapid-prototyping of hardware and software for application-specific systems. This framework is fully described in [1]. The application of the framework to the development of a real-time multi-sensory robot control system is described in this paper.
Principles of survey research: part 5: populations and samples
Authors: Barbara Kitchenham, Shari Lawrence Pfleeger
Venue: ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes (2002)

This article is the fifth installment of our series of articles on survey research. In it, we discuss what we mean by a population and a sample and the implications of each for survey research. We provide examples of correct and incorrect sampling techniques used in software engineering surveys.
Applying design patterns to flexibly configure network service in distributed systems
Authors: Douglas C. Schmidt
Venue: Design patterns in communications software (2001)

THIS CHAPTER DESCRIBES how design patterns help to enhance the flexibility and extensibility of communication software by permitting network services to evolve independently to the strategies used to passively initialize the services. The chapter makes three contributions to the study and development of configurable distributed applications. First, it identifies five orthogonal dimensions of passive service initialization: service adveritisement, endpoint listening, service handler creation, passive connection establishment, and service handler activation. Second, the chapter illustrates how design patterns have been used to build a communication software framework that supports flexible configuraton of different strategies for each of these five dimensions. Third, the chapter demonstrates how design patterns and frameworks are being used successfully to develop highly configurable production distributed systems.
PowerPoint 2000 for Windows for Dummies Quick Reference, 1st edition
Authors: Camille McCue, Greeley
Venue:  (1998)

:Fun, Fast & Easy! Create Entertaining, Effective PowerPoint Presentations  In a Snap! A Quick Reference for the Rest of Us!® Looking for a fast answer? An instant solution? This For Dummies® Quick Reference lets you zero in on the information you need  and build the multimedia presentation you want. Inside, you'll find quick, step-by-step instructions on how to:*Develop a complete PowerPoint presentation using templates and wizards*Use the various views in PowerPoint to their fullest*Integrate text, graphics, sound, and video effectively in your side shows*Create your own graphics using the Drawing toolbar*Publish and deliver an online presentation using PowerPoint 2000's exciting new Web featuresLook for Hungry Minds' PowerPoint® 2000 For Windows® For Dummies® for more information on PowerPoint. For Dummies® Quick References and For Dummies® books are available on all your favorite or not-so-favorite hardware and software products. Look for them wherever computer books are sold.
Pascal: Understanding Programming and Problem Solving, 4th edition
Authors: Douglas W. Nance
Venue:  (1994)

:This alternate version of Pascal, Fourth Edition features a faster pace and earlier development of procedures, parameters, and functions before loops and conditional statements (Ch. 3). (For a later development of procedures and parameters, see the fourth edition). This is the paperback version of the first half of Nance, Naps Introduction to Computer Science, 3rd Alternate Edition. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Computer Science: An Overview, 6th edition
Authors: J. Glenn Brookshear, Lynn D. Cote
Venue:  (1999)

:New Highlights Includes a larger emphasis on the object-oriented paradigm and networking, including coverage of the World Wide Web and the Java Programming Language. Offers end-of-chapter "Questions of Ethics" in addition to discussions of ethics throughout the book. Contains new sections on digital circuitry, the client/server model, data compression, and digital representation of graphics. Provides a complete teaching package, including a new C++ lab manual, C and Pascal lab manuals, and a World Wide Web site.
Continually evaluating similarity-based pattern queries on a streaming time series
Authors: Like Gao, X. Sean Wang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2002 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data (2002)

In many applications, local or remote sensors send in streams of data, and the system needs to monitor the streams to discover relevant events/patterns and deliver instant reaction correspondingly. An important scenario is that the incoming stream is a continually appended time series, and the patterns are time series in a database. At each time when a new value arrives (called a time position), the system needs to find, from the database, the nearest or near neighbors of the incoming time series up to the time position. This paper attacks the problem by using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to efficiently find the cross correlations of time series, which yields, in a batch mode, the nearest and near neighbors of the incoming time series at many time positions. To take advantage of this batch processing in achieving fast response time, this paper uses prediction methods to predict future values. FFT is used to compute the cross correlations of the predicted series (with the values that have already arrived) and the database patterns, and to obtain predicted distances between the incoming time series at many future time positions and the database patterns. When the actual data value arrives, the prediction error together with the predicted distances is used to filter out patterns that are not possible to be the nearest or near neighbors, which provides fast responses. Experiments show that with reasonable prediction errors, the performance gain is significant.
Sams Teach Yourself .Net Windows Forms in 21 Days
Authors: Chris Payne
Venue:  (2002)

:.NET Windows Forms are a new programming paradigm introduced with Microsoft's .NET initiative. Windows Forms are very similar to Web Forms, which allow programmers to build complex Web application interfaces easily, sharing the same underlying framework and programming concepts. Windows Forms, however, are used for the Win32 platform, instead of the Internet, and allow programmers to build traditional Windows desktop-based applications structured around .NET.This book will cover all the major aspects of Windows Forms necessary to build professional, functional applications. This book follows the tried-and-tested 21 Days tutorial model to guide readers through Windows Forms. It features code examples and tips for programmers migrating from pre-Windows Forms Microsoft technologies.The reader will be introduced to the many controls available for .NET Windows Forms and how to build them, learn how to create events and event handlers, explore ADO.NET and methods to retrieve data from dynamic data sources, and learn how to take advantage of the Internet and Internet Explorer from their .NET Windows Forms applications. As readers advance through the tutorials, they progress toward more advanced topics and projects by creating simple graphical applications and enhancing existing ones, learn how to integrate with other .NET applications, use Web services, build Windows services, build Windows forms controls, create multi-threaded applications, work with COM and COM+, configure and deploy .NET Windows Forms, and how to de-bug .NET Windows Forms.
The PhotoShop 4 Wow! Book: Windows Edition, 1st edition
Authors: Linnea Dayton, Jack Davis
Venue:  (1997)

:his hands-on guide provides "click and drag" presentations of painterly, photorealistic, and special effects techniques. Hundreds of time-and work-saving tips are covered as well. An all-new chapter on Web graphics and techniques explores the special considerations that this new medium entails. The book is heavily illustrated throughout showing real-life projects created by top Photoshop artists. The book's CD-ROM is cross-platform, and contains new filters, photos, work sessions, and other goodies. Pevious editions of the book have won top honors in two prestigious competitionss and has become the top-selling Photoshop book (238,000 currently in print) .
NT Server 4 in the Enterprise: Exam 70-068
Authors: Robert King, Gary Govanus
Venue:  (1998)

:Here's the book you need to review for Exam 70-068, Implementing and Supporting Microsoft NT Server 4.0 in the Enterprise, a core requirement for the MCSE and MCSE+Internet certifications. Focused objective-by-objective coverage provides a quick and thorough review of all the information you need to know for this tough exam, together with challenging questions for testing and reinforcing your knowledge.