ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Alignment of the UMLS semantic network with BioTop
Authors: Stefan Schulz, Elena Beisswanger, László van den Hoek, Olivier Bodenreider, Erik M. van Mulligen
Venue: Bioinformatics (2009)

Motivation: For many years, the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) semantic network (SN) has been used as an upper-level semantic framework for the categorization of terms from terminological resources in biomedicine. BioTop has recently been developed as an upper-level ontology for the biomedical domain. In contrast to the SN, it is founded upon strict ontological principles, using OWL DL as a formal representation language, which has become standard in the semantic Web. In order to make logic-based reasoning available for the resources annotated or categorized with the SN, a mapping ontology was developed aligning the SN with BioTop. Methods: The theoretical foundations and the practical realization of the alignment are being described, with a focus on the design decisions taken, the problems encountered and the adaptations of BioTop that became necessary. For evaluation purposes, UMLS concept pairs obtained from MEDLINE abstracts by a named entity recognition system were tested for possible semantic relationships. Furthermore, all semantic-type combinations that occur in the UMLS Metathesaurus were checked for satisfiability. Results: The effort-intensive alignment process required major design changes and enhancements of BioTop and brought up several design errors that could be fixed. A comparison between a human curator and the ontology yielded only a low agreement. Ontology reasoning was also used to successfully identify 133 inconsistent semantic-type combinations. Availability: BioTop, the OWL DL representation of the UMLS SN, and the mapping ontology are available at http://www.purl.org/biotop/. Contact: stschulz@uni-freiburg.de
Increasing the expressiveness of virtual agents: autonomous generation of speech and gesture for spatial description tasks
Authors: Kirsten Bergmann, Stefan Kopp
Venue: Proceedings of The 8th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems - Volume 1 (2009)

Embodied conversational agents are required to be able to express themselves convincingly and autonomously. Based on an empirial study on spatial descriptions of landmarks in direction-giving, we present a model that allows virtual agents to automatically generate, i.e., select the content and derive the form of coordinated language and iconic gestures. Our model simulates the interplay between these two modes of expressiveness on two levels. First, two kinds of knowledge representation (propositional and imagistic) are utilized to capture the modality-specific contents and processes of content planning. Second, specific planners are integrated to carry out the formulation of concrete verbal and gestural behavior. A probabilistic approach to gesture formulation is presented that incorporates multiple contextual factors as well as idiosyncratic patterns in the mapping of visuo-spatial referent properties onto gesture morphology. Results from a prototype implementation are described.
Proceedings of the 11th International Workshop on Formal Techniques for Java-like Programs
Venue: European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (2009)

The 11th International Workshop on Formal Techniques for Java-like Programs (FTfJP), a satellite workshop of ECOOP 2009, took place in Genova, Italy, on July 6, 2009. In response to the call for papers, 15 papers were submitted. Each paper received at least 3 reviews. After a week-long electronic PC meeting, 10 papers were accepted for presentation at the workshop. I am very grateful to the PC members for the thorough evaluation of the submitted manuscripts, for the pleasant PC meeting and for submitting all reviews on time. The keynote talk at the workshop was delivered by Todd Millstein of the University of California, Los Angeles, USA. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Base Belief Change and Optimized Recovery
Authors: Frances Johnson, Stuart C. Shapiro
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on STAIRS 2006: Proceedings of the Third Starting AI Researchers' Symposium (2006)

Optimized Recovery (OR) adds belief base optimization to the traditional Recovery postulate---improving Recovery adherence without sacrificing adherence to the more accepted postulates or to the foundations approach. Reconsideration and belief liberation systems both optimize a knowledge base through consolidation of a chain of base beliefs; and recovered base beliefs are returned to the base. The effects match an iterated revision axiom and show benefits for pre-orders, as well. Any system that can resolve an inconsistent belief base can produce these results.
LEGS system in a zoo: use of mobile phones to enhance observation of animals
Authors: Mariko Suzuki, Itsuo Hatono, Tetsuo Ogino, Fusako Kusunoki, Hidefusa Sakamoto, Kazuhiko Sawada, Yasuhiro Hoki, Katsuya Ifuku
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Interaction Design and Children (2009)

In the LEGS system, GPS-equipped mobile phones are used to learn about animals and their bodies from the viewpoint of evolution in a zoo. This system identifies nearby animals, asks questions about the animals' bodies to enhance observation, provides navigations for the next observations, and summarizes several observed animals' parts from the viewpoint of evolution. 24 students (age: 14--15 years old) learnt about animals using the mobile phones in a zoo. We evaluated the system and found that it helped students explore, observe, and learn about animals' bodies independently in the zoo.
Associate A User's Goal: Exhaustivity and Specificity Information Retrieval Using Ontology
Authors: Xiaohui Tao
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on Advances in Intelligent IT: Active Media Technology 2006 (2006)

In information retrieval it is difficult to extract the accurate information to satisfy a user's information need. Based on the goals, we categorize the searches into two groups: information search and navigational search, and proposed a method using ontology to extract the the specific or general context for the given query and perform the search using it. An IR system using the method can be more efficient as it performs the search associating to the user's particular goal.
Using Interactive Whiteboards (IWB) to Enhance Learning and Teaching in Hong Kong Schools
Authors: Fong-lok Lee, Sai-wing Pun, Sandy Siu-cheung Li, Siu-cheung Kong, Wai-hung Ip
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on Learning by Effective Utilization of Technologies: Facilitating Intercultural Understanding (2006)

Interactive whiteboard (IWB) has been widely used as a learning tool in the western classrooms since 1991. Many researches reported that the technology benefits students by increasing their engagement in classroom activities, arousing learners' motivation and helping with their knowledge retention [1]. Hong Kong, as a Chinese society has its unique learning culture and environment [2], what benefits western students may not apply there. It is therefore worthwhile to explore the usefulness of IWB in Hong Kong schools. This paper reports on the research of what benefits can bring to Hong Kong students through the teaching with IWB. Result of this study shows that in general teachers and students in Hong Kong welcome the use of IWB in their classrooms.
Combining Ontology Engineering with HTN Planning
Authors: Jingge Song, Jianzhong Cha, Yiping Lu
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on Leading the Web in Concurrent Engineering: Next Generation Concurrent Engineering (2006)

HTN planning is an efficient AI planning approach for real-world application. An ontology-based architecture for HTN planning is proposed which combine knowledge engineering with problem solving strategy. A prototype system is implemented by exporting this ontology-based KB to SHOP2 planner.
Gabor Filter Based Efficient Thermal and Visual Face Recognition Using Fusion Architectures
Authors: Jahanzeb Ahmad, Usman Ali, Syed Naveed Hussain Shah
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on Advances in Intelligent IT: Active Media Technology 2006 (2006)

Fusion architecture for efficient visual and thermal face recognition biometric system is presented in this paper. Both Data fusion and decision fusion are employed in the architecture to improve the individual fusion performance. Gabor filter technique is used for recognition of features from input image and the database images. To our knowledge this is the first visual, thermal and fused-data (fusion of visual and thermal data) face recognition fusion recognition system, which utilizes Gabor filter for feature extraction. We have achieved the accuracy of above 98%. Paper also discusses the performance issues of memory and response time and defines new frontiers for fast and efficient recognition system.
A Public Index of Case Law References --the End of Multiple and Complex Citations
Authors: Marc van Opijnen
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on Legal Knowledge and Information Systems: JURIX 2006: The Nineteenth Annual Conference (2006)

Case law citations are often lenghty and complex, despite the development of neutral citation standards. Within the Dutch judiciary a public index with more than 350,000 case law references is developed which makes the citing of references superfluous. This paper describes the realization of the index, the logical model and the interfaces. Some possible improvements are discussed, both in the logical model and in the way indexnumbers are assigned.
Windows Vista for Seniors in Easy Steps: For the Over-50s
Authors: Michael Price
Venue:  (2007)

This practical guide explains the latest Windows operating system in a clear, concise manner, without resorting to esoteric computer jargon. It concentrates on the activities that seniors are most apt to use, including email, the Internet, digital photography, music, video, and networking, and is appropriate for those upgrading from earlier version of Windows as well asthose completely new to computers. Readers learn to customize Vista and to configure the desktop, sidebar, and hardware elements to suit their own particular way of working. Other topics covered include security and maintenance, Vistas applications and games, and additional sources of help and support.
Performance tradeoffs among low-complexity detection algorithms for MIMO-LTE receivers
Authors: D. Morales-Jiménez, J. F. Paris, J. T. Entrambasaguas
Venue: International Journal of Communication Systems (2009)

The upcoming Third-Generation Partnership Project&mdash;Long-Term Evolution (3GPP-LTE) cellular standard will employ spatial multiplexing to significantly increase the data rates. Detection of the spatially multiplexed signals is an essential issue in the design of an LTE receiver. In this paper, we evaluate the performance&ndash;complexity tradeoffs for a set of low-complexity multiple input multiple output (MIMO) detection algorithms in a realistic LTE downlink system. Specifically, antenna correlation and channel estimation errors have been considered for a practical MIMO-LTE receiver. An LTE downlink model has been implemented in order to evaluate three types of detectors: linear, unsorted successive interference cancellation (SIC), and ordered SIC. Our simulation results show that the unsorted SIC detectors present a very poor performance&ndash;complexity tradeoff. Besides, linear detectors are shown to be the best candidates as the performance improvement for the ordered SIC detectors is not significant in a realistic scenario. Copyright &copy; 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. In this paper, we investigate the performance-complexity tradeoffs for a set of low-complexity MIMO detection algorithms in a realistic LTE cellular system. An LTE downlink model with spatial correlation and channel estimation errors has been implemented to evaluate three types of detectors: linear, unsorted successive interference cancellation (SIC), and ordered SIC. Linear detectors are shown to be the best candidate as the performance improvement for the ordered SIC detectors is not significant in a realistic scenario. Copyright &copy; 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Distance constrained labelings of planar graphs with no short cycles
Authors: Zdenk Dvořák, Daniel Král', Pavel Nejedlý, Riste Škrekovski
Venue: Discrete Applied Mathematics (2009)

Motivated by a conjecture of Wang and Lih, we show that every planar graph of girth at least seven and maximum degree @D>=190+2@?p/q@? has an L(p,q)-labeling of span at most 2p+q@D-2. Since the optimal span of an L(p,1)-labeling of an infinite @D-regular tree is 2p+@D-2, the obtained bound is the best possible for any p>=1 and q=1.
Brief paper: Unifying some higher-order statistic-based methods for errors-in-variables model identification
Authors: Stéphane Thil, Wei Xing Zheng, Marion Gilson, Hugues Garnier
Venue: Automatica (Journal of IFAC) (2009)

In this paper, the problem of identifying linear discrete-time systems from noisy input and output data is addressed. Several existing methods based on higher-order statistics are presented. It is shown that they stem from the same set of equations and can thus be united from the viewpoint of extended instrumental variable methods. A numerical example is presented which confirms the theoretical results. Some possible extensions of the methods are then given.
Random Trees: An Interplay between Combinatorics and Probability, 1st edition
Authors: Michael Drmota
Venue:  (2009)

Trees are a fundamental object in graph theory and combinatorics as well as a basic object for data structures and algorithms in computer science. During the last years research related to (random) trees has been constantly increasing and several asymptotic and probabilistic techniques have been developed in order to describe characteristics of interest of large trees in different settings. The aim of this book is to provide a thorough introduction into various aspects of trees in random settings and a systematic treatment of the involved mathematical techniques. It should serve as a reference book as well as a basis for future research. One major conceptual aspect is to bridge combinatorial and probabilistic methods that range from counting techniques (generating functions, bijections) over asymptotic methods (saddle point techniques, singularity analysis) to various sophisticated techniques in asymptotic probability (martingales, convergence of stochastic processes, concentration inequalities).
The use of support devices in electronic learning environments
Authors: Geraldine Clarebout, Holger Horz, Jan Elen
Venue: Computers in Human Behavior (2009)

This special issue addresses the use of support devices in electronic learning environments. Five articles each discus a study or several studies where the use of support devices is not evident. Factors influencing the use of support devices are addressed: elements of the learning environment, characteristics of the learner, etc. The discussion of this special issue reflects in general on support in computer-based learning environments.
Source level debugging of dynamically translated programs
Authors: Naveen Kumar
Venue:  (2008)

The capability to debug a program at the source level is useful and often indispensable. Debuggers use sophisticated techniques to provide a source view of a program, even though what is executing on the hardware is machine code. Debugging techniques evolve with significant changes in programming languages and execution environments. Recently, software dynamic translation (SDT) has emerged as a new execution mechanism. SDT inserts a run-time software layer between the program and the host machine, providing flexibility in execution and program monitoring. Increasingly popular technologies that use this mechanism include dynamic optimization, dynamic instrumentation, security checking, binary translation, and host machine virtualization. However, the run-time program modifications in a SDT environment pose significant challenges to a source level debugger. Currently debugging techniques do not exist for software dynamic translators. This thesis is the first to provide techniques for source level debugging of dynamically translated programs. The thesis proposes a novel debugging framework, called Tdb, that addresses the difficult challenge of maintaining and providing source level information for programs whose binary code changes as the program executes. The proposed framework has a number of important features. First, it does not require or induce changes in the program being debugged. In other words, programs are debugged is their deployment environment. Second, the framework is portable and can be applied to virtually any SDT system. The framework requires minimal changes to an SDT implementation, usually just a few lines of code. Third, the framework can be integrated with existing debuggers, such as Gdb, and does not require changes to these debuggers. This improves usability and adoption, eliminating the learning curve associated with a new debugging environment. Finally, the proposed techniques are efficient. The runtime overhead of the debugged programs is low and comparable to that of existing debuggers. Tdb's techniques have been implemented for three different dynamic translators, on two different hardware platforms. The experimental results demonstrate that source level debugging of dynamically translated programs is feasible, and our implemented systems are portable, usable, and efficient.
Artificial Life Models in Hardware, 1st edition
Authors: Andrew Adamatzky, Maciej Komosinski
Venue:  (2009)

Hopping, climbing and swimming robots, nano-size neural networks, motorless walkers, slime mould and chemical brains - "Artificial Life Models in Hardware" offers unique designs and prototypes of life-like creatures in conventional hardware and hybrid bio-silicon systems. Ideas and implementations of living phenomena in non-living substrates cast a colourful picture of state-of-art advances in hardware models of artificial life.
The iPod Book: Doing Cool Stuff with the iPod and the iTunes Store, 4th edition
Authors: Scott Kelby
Venue:  (2007)

There is no denying it: With the introduction of the iPod and iTunes, Apple changed the face of music. While the iPod and iTunes are user-friendly, figuring them out for the first time can be tricky. Plus, they can do way more than meets the eye. In this fully updated best-seller, award-winning author, Scott Kelby, delivers what users need to know to get up to speed fast on Apple's popular iPod digital audio players and iTunes software. Through full-color illustrations and simple step-by-step instructions, readers will learn all about: the brand new iPod touch, equipped with a multitouch interface, 3.5-inch widescreen display, and WiFi Web browsing; the iPod shuffle, sporting a new belt clip and new colors; the iPod nano, featuring a new glamorous square shape, video, an enhanced interface, larger and brighter display, and new colors; the iPod classic which now incorporates iTunes cover flow, enhanced interface, and a sleeker design; and the new iTunes Wi-Fi Music Store, which now lets iPod users browse the iTunes Store and purchase music over a wireless connection straight onto their Apple mobile device. Scott also provides the basics of how to share music between Macs and PCs; sync iTunes-created playlists as well as iPod-created voice notes; burn large playlists to CDs; download and watch videos; and more. Best of all, Scott has peppered the guide with tons of time-saving tips and tricks that typically can only be gleaned through hard-won experience.
A two-stage intelligent optimization system for the raw slurry preparing process of alumina sintering production
Authors: Chunhua Yang, Weihua Gui, Lingshuang Kong, Yalin Wang
Venue: Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence (2009)

The raw slurry preparing is a key process to guarantee product for alumina sintering production. To obtain the qualified raw slurry in the presence of uncertainty, a two-stage intelligent optimization system, which weakens uncertainty effects through optimization of raw material proportioning and re-mixing operation, is developed. At the first stage, an integrated model combining the first principle with neural networks is built to predict the raw slurry quality, and a multi-objective hierarchical expert reasoning strategy is proposed to determine an optimal set point of raw slurry proportioning. At the second stage, an optimal scheduling model with uncertainty is built to provide an optimal combination of selected tanks for the mixing of raw slurry in full-filled tanks. The practical running results show that the eligibility rate of raw slurry is effectively improved, and the raw slurry preparing process is successfully simplified and the energy consumption is also obviously reduced.
Breaking the ITS Monolith: a Hybrid Simulation and Tutoring Architecture for ITS
Authors: William R. Murray
Venue: Proceeding of the 2005 conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education: Supporting Learning through Intelligent and Socially Informed Technology (2005)

The classic ITS conceptual diagram with boxes for domain, user, and pedagogical modeling encourages a monolithic architecture. Furthermore, it focuses on knowledge and simulation of tutoring capability while deemphasizing knowledge and simulation of the task environment. However, the actual task environment may require complex domain and graphical simulations whose software investment vastly exceeds the ITS, even though these simulations are commingled with other aspects of the ITS in the classic box-diagram view. A more useful architecture for combining intelligent tutoring capabilities with complex pre-existing simulations (e.g., tactical simulations) views the ITS system as a tutor-simulation hybrid. The ITS consists of two communicating components, a simulation agent and a tutor agent. The tutor agent models the pedagogical capabilities of an expert instructor. The simulation agent is the simulation wrapped to send an event stream to the tutor, and to send and receive requests. This hybrid architecture breaks up an ITS monolith into two reusable components. It allows the tutor agent to be reused in multiple teaching applications with different simulations and vice versa. The V-CTC system, which provides a reusable tutoring component to provide ITS capabilities for tactical simulations, illustrates this architecture.
Programming with ANSI C++
Authors: Bhushan Trivedi
Venue:  (2007)

Designed to serve as a textbook for undergraduate engineering, BCA, and MCA students, Programing with ANSI C++ provides an in-depth coverage of elementary as well as advanced topics of the language. The book starts with a philosophical background and an overview of C++ followed by a systematic discussion of concepts such as classes, objects, functions, constructors, destructors, overloading, standard template library, and templates. An in-depth discussion of topics such as exception handling, in heritance, polymorphism, RTTI, file handling, and namespaces has been presented with suitable examples. To reinforce the understanding of concepts, diagrams and program listings have been included wherever appropriate. The theory is well supported with plenty of application-oriented programs, complete with their source codes and test cases, and exercises in each chapter. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player