ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Logic programming applied to hardware design specification and verification
Authors: Deepinder P. Sidhu
Venue: ACM SIGMICRO Newsletter (1984)

This paper proposes the use of logic programming techniques in the specification and verification of hardware designs. Logic programming specifications are formal and directly executable. The advantages of executable specifications are: (1) the specification is itself a prototype of the specified system, (2) incremental development of specifications is possible, (3) behavior exhibited by the specification when executed can be used to check conformity of the specification with requirements. We discuss how Horn clause logic, which has a procedural interpretation, and predicate logic programming language, Prolog, can be used as a hardware description language to specify and verify the correctness of hardware systems. The Prolog system possesses a backtracking mechanism and a powerful pattern-matching feature which is based on unification. A novel feature of the proposed approach is that it can be used to answer interesting questions about a hardware design without resorting to simulation.
Message files
Authors: D. Tsichritzis, S. Christodoulakis
Venue: ACM SIGOA Newsletter (1982)

Consider an office information system and the messages which circulate within it. We will assume for the purpose of this paper that the messages are text messages in machine readable form. We are interested in designing a message filing capability which has the following characteristics: 1) It can deal with a wide variety of messages 2) It can retrieve the messages in a flexible manner 3) It provides a simple and uniform interface to the user 4) It can be implemented efficiently for a large volume of messages We define messages as consisting of a header and a body [Kirstein]. The header contains formatted data representing the most important characteristics of the messages, e.g., sender, date, destination, etc. The body is text consisting of a series of words. We will denote by A0, A1,. . . An the attributes of the header. A0 is a special attribute which contains a unique system-wide identifier for the message. The body will be denoted as an attribute B of type text. A particular message will be represented as (a0 ,a1. . . a0, b). All messages do not have to be of the same type. Each type of message, however, is represented by a set of attributes and a body. In the two extreme cases we have the message type (A0,B), i.e., documents and (A0,A1,. . . ,An), i.e., records. Forms as messages can be represented as (A0. . . ,An,B) with the additional stipulation that the values of A's are dispersed within B.
TMEAS, a testability measurement program
Authors: John Grason
Venue: Proceedings of the 16th Design Automation Conference (1979)

TMEAS is a program that implements a testability measure for digital circuits. In this paper important features of TMEAS are described, including the circuit models it assumes, the testability measure it applies, and the various commands for analyzing the information generated by the testability measure. In addition, a discussion is provided of possible use modes for TMEAS and some examples of its use so far.
Do you talk with your computer?
Authors: Arlene S. Larsen
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th annual ACM SIGUCCS conference on User services (1977)

The User Services group at any computer installation performs many functions. Most, if not all, of these functions require communicating information to the computer user. Consider: consulting with users, teaching classes, writing manuals, publishing newsletters. The unfortunate part is that the means we most frequently use for delivering these services are centuries old. My message is that of Marshall McLuhan - the medium is the message. Our field is the electronic computer; why not make that medium for carrying out our function?
Summary of paper
Authors: R. M. Hayes
Venue: Proceedings of the 1961 16th ACM national meeting (1961)

This paper presents a summary of the results of an applied research study supported by the Rome Air Development Center under Air Force Contract AF 30(602)-2111. This study was concerned with the combined physical and logical structure of information systems. It had the purpose of defining a set of symbols representing the various components of an information system which should be operationally useful, with the ultimate aim of defining a calculus of operations on them. The work can best be described in terms of the progress of the study. The genesis of the project lay in some independent studies, undertaken approximately 4 years ago, into the structure of information systems. Some of the preliminary results of this work were concerned with evaluating component efficiency and were presented in the First International Conference on Information Processing in June, 1959 at Paris, as part of the &ldquo;Symposium on the Influence of Very Large Memory Designs and Capabilities on Information Retrieval&rdquo;. The success of this work led to submission of a proposal to the Rome Air Development Center to develop these results further with the aim of obtaining a calculus of operations with specific application to information retrieval systems.
The automatic derivation of periodic solutions to a class of weakly nonlinear differential equations
Authors: John Fitch
Venue: Proceedings of the fourth ACM symposium on Symbolic and algebraic computation (1981)

There is a variety of standard mathematical techniques for finding Poisson series expansions of periodic solutions to perturbed variants of the differential equation y" + y&equil; 0. The calculations involved in applying these techniques are often substantial, and several algebra systems were initially designed specifically for use on such problems. The mathematical theory of oscillations is, however, sufficiently rich that to date, even when special purpose algebra systems are used, each new problem requires fresh analysis and the design of a new (user level) program. In this paper we describe a hierarchy of packages we are developing that analyse members of a class of perturbation problems, apply transformations to avoid difficulties detected and deal with the technical problems of communicating the knowledge so gained to an algebra system.
Computer-aided requirements engineering
Authors: D. Teichroew, H. Sayani
Venue: Proceedings of the ACM 1980 annual conference (1980)

Sometime in the future, Requirements Engineers (also known as Systems Analysts) will replace their present manual methods by a computer aided method (a Requirements Engineering System) just as programmers have replaced manual by on-line programming. The Requirements Engineering System will be part of the (logically) integrated Decision Support System of the Systems Department. This paper briefly describes the need for formal recorded requirements and analyzes the reasons why organizations do not record and maintain requirements. The future Requirement Engineering System is described and two issues concerned with its usability are discussed. The first is concerned with the language or representation method and the second with the facilities that will aid the analyst. The final section summarizes the current situation and outlines some reasons for believing that such a Requirements Engineering System is technically feasible and can be cost effective.
Undergraduate research in computer sciences: Real time computerized expressway traffic control in the Chicago area
Authors: R. J. Lewis
Venue: Proceedings of the 1965 20th national conference (1965)

MANY URBAN and metropolitan areas have surface street networks, expressway, and high-speed road systems that are adequate for normal operation, but which become congested during the peak demands imposed by commuter travel. Since peak demand occurs only for short periods of about four hours a day, it is not economical to increase road capacity by more road construction even if this is possible. A more economical approach is to design an automated information and control system that will improve the operation of present facilities. Several organizations have been established for the purpose of studying traffic operations and feasibility of the implementation of electronic control systems. The John C. Lodge Expressway Project in Detroit has used closed circuit television for visual surveillance, but recently went to an electronic detector and computer system using a CDC 8090 as the central processor. The metropolitan Toronto1 project uses a detector system and a UNIVAC 1107 computer to control traffic intersection signal lights. In this paper we will review the work done by a Chicago traffic study group, the Chicago Area Expressway Surveillance Project.
Computer simulation of concept learning by individuals in a minimum social situation
Authors: Robert C. Joyner
Venue: Proceedings of the second conference on Applications of simulations (1968)

Following five laboratory studies a computer model was constructed that simulated the behavior of the individual player in the three-person common target game. The model, COMTARG, contained three model-relevant individual difference parameters as well as general deterministic mechanisms. Computer subjects were constructed according to a specified method of sampling the values of the three parameters. Program runs for the computer subjects were then made previous to making experimental observations on humans playing the game under two previously unobserved treatment conditions. ANOVAs failed to distinguish human from computer subjects.
Unified Shapes Checker - a checking tool for LSI
Authors: C. R. McCaw
Venue: Proceedings of the 16th Design Automation Conference (1979)

The designing and manufacturing techniques for integrated circuits have spawned a new free-form checking tool in IBM. This software tool has met the requirements of low cost for large volumes of data, breadth of function to support numerous methodologies, and depth of function for any specific technology.
A user interface for architectural design, a case study
Authors: Gregory John Glass
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th Design Automation Conference (1982)

The user interface constructs of a building design system are presented. The definition and implementation of this program is part of an integrated building design system that was developed, in demonstration form, for the U.S. Army Corp. of Engineers. This paper also explores some problems with the approach that was taken that became apparent through this implementation.
A data structure for a computer aided design system
Authors: C. E. Robinson
Venue: Proceedings of the SHARE design automation project (1966)

United Aircraft Research Laboratories recently completed a two-year joint study with International Business Machines Corporation for investigating the application of Graphic Data Processing to 3-dimensional geometric manipulation. The joint study developed a prototype experimental system making it possible to investigate several problem areas. For example, techniques were investigated for storing within the computer 3-dimensional descriptions of objects. Crucial to such techniques is a data structure, in which is embedded information which can be quickly retrieved, thus avoiding time-consuming serial searches.
Protection
Venue: Proceedings of the 1975 ACM SIGCOMM/SIGOPS workshop on Interprocess communications (1975)

The discussion during this session primarily centered around the paper &ldquo;On Data Secure Computer Networks&rdquo; by G.J. Popek. Popek suggested that the main security problems in computer networks involved the security of the host computers in the network and that techniques for securing general communications networks are satisfactory for dealing with the communication aspects of computer networks. The main problems which need to be addressed are the problems of authenticating processes in different computer systems in the network to each other and of providing the required degree of security in the computer systems in the network. There was no real dispute of Popek's claims by the attendees at the workshop.
Financial modeling: Practical applications in hospital management
Authors: John P. Chaplick, Benjamin F. Giles
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th conference on Winter simulation - Volume 1 (1978)

A key requirement for success in the practical application of any management sciences technique is a good match-up between the salient features of the technique itself and the demands of the environment in which the technique is used. This is particularly true in financial modeling applications wherein the capabilities of the model are called upon not only to provide management information appropriate to the financial decisions being made, but also to take into account the special characteristics of the entity or process being modeled. Executives responsible for the administrative and financial operations of hospitals are becoming increasingly aware of the analysis and management benefits which computer-based financial modeling systems can offer in an industry which has long been accused of inefficient service delivery. Once the application requirements and the unique characteristics of the modern health care institution are recognized, the features of computer-based simulation systems can be tailored to respond effectively to the growing complexities of hospital management.
&ldquo;Cost-effectiveness analysis of certain air to surface missile systems&rdquo;
Authors: Eugene Telep
Venue: Proceedings of the second conference on Applications of simulations (1968)

This paper treats the problem of attrition of U. S. aircraft in Southeast Asia (SEA). This attrition is due to the extremely heavy concentration of enemy AAA fire from conventional tube-artillery as well as more modern surface to air missile systems (SAM's). Tactical targets in SEA are often defended by such combinations of these weapons as to create what has been described by several observers as the most intense, well coordinated, and sophisticated air defense network ever assembled in the history of modern warfare. The severity of this environment, when coupled to the very expensive aircraft and weapons currently in use, tend to produce very inefficient systems when measured from a cost-effectiveness standpoint.
An Auditing System for QoS-Enabled Networks
Authors: George Din, Akihiro Hayakawa, Ina Schieferdecker, Peter Deussen
Venue: Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (2003)

The ongoing challenge of supporting high performance communications, real-time critical and secure applications leads to a shift from traditional IP networks towards a more intelligent, end-to-end, service-aware network paradigm. Further networks have to i) be more content or application-aware; ii) provide dynamic features for service creation; iii) observe and enforce network-wide policies; and finally iv) enable control from the network provider to the end-user. This paper presents the technical aspects of a policy based auditing system for a QoS-enabled network. The goal is to define the architecture of policy-based network QoS control and to develop and implement a prototype to evaluate this architecture.
Automatic test equipment &ldquo;production test in the design automation system&rdquo;
Authors: C. M. Weems
Venue: Proceedings of the SHARE design automation workshop (1964)

In most modern electronic systems production test consumes money and schedule time in significant amounts. Since production test is where conflicts between design, physical reality and the equipment specification must be resolved, any design automation approach must include this consideration at inception. Those responsible for the design of test equipment and test planning must react positively to Design Automation to benefit from its disciplined availability of information. A simplified structure of the Engineering/Production Test interrelation is shown on page 2. Engineering releases equipment information to Test Engineering similarly to fabrication information to the shop. Test Engineering prepares facilities and software for use by Production Test in the actual testing.
Managing Federal Government Computer Installations
Authors: Donald V. Brown, Sherman L. Naidorf, Joseph D. Naughton, Micro P. Snidero
Venue: Proceedings of the 1978 annual conference (1978)

In this session, a panel of Federal Government installation managers will discuss current policy issues and their experiences in attempting to develop procedures and methods for administering their installations. These issues include providing for ADP services in a more efficient and effective manner from a user's point of view, from a utility standpoint, and from an accounting to users for ADP costs.
Selecting the &ldquo;right&rdquo; programming language
Authors: Alan L. Tharp
Venue: Proceedings of the thirteenth SIGCSE technical symposium on Computer science education (1982)

With the diversity of high-level programming languages available, selecting the &ldquo;right&rdquo; one for a computer science curriculum or course can be a befuddling process. For a multitude of reasons, such as the manner in which students approach problems to the utilization of scarce computing resources, the ramifications of a decision on the choice of a programming language are significant throughout a computer science curriculum. The purpose of this paper is to provide information relevant to the selection process. Particular attention is given to COBOL, FORTRAN, Pascal, PL-1, and Snobol; both qualitative and quantitative factors are considered. The quantitative results were obtained from processing a binary tree insertion and retrieval algorithm in each language. The machine resources used for this algorithm are given for both interpreter and compiler versions of translators for each language.
Generalized random extract device
Authors: Joseph A. Heiner,  Jr., Reed O. Leishman
Venue: Proceedings of the 1966 21st national conference (1966)

File management includes the functions of file creation, file maintenance, data retrieval, sorting, and report preparation. These functions have been developed both individually and in combination. To meet the demand for these functions, many significant advancements have been made in both electronic data processing hardware and software. Obviously, areas for advanced technology still exist.
Fractal forgeries
Venue: Proceedings of the 1984 annual conference of the ACM on The fifth generation challenge (1984)

Many natural objects are well-described by fractals. We discuss recent developments in the synthesis of psychologically convincing natural scenes using fractal techniques.
An approach to the k paths problem
Authors: Allen Cypher
Venue: Proceedings of the twelfth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing (1980)

The k paths problem asks whether it is possible to find k edge-disjoint paths joining k given pairs of vertices in a graph. We show that this problem can be solved in polynomial time for k&le;5 if the input graph is k+2 -connected. It follows from this result that under the same restriction, the subgraph homeomorphism problem is polynomial for any pattern graph with five or fewer edges.
Video graphic query facility database design
Authors: Nancy H. McDonald, John P. McNally
Venue: ACM SIGSMALL Newsletter (1981)

The purpose of this paper is to describe the video graphic query facility's database design in terms of the query capabilities it orchestrates. The next section of the paper discusses the background and capabilities to be provided by the video graphic query facility. Section III describes the multi-media database underlying the facility and section IV summarizes what we believe to be a new database application.
Microprogramming in the educational environment
Authors: Larry L. Wear
Venue: Conference record of the 6th annual workshop on Microprogramming (1973)

Microprogramming is an alternative approach to the design of control sections of digital machines has been growing in popularity since it was proposed by Wilkes in 1951. (1) A number of manufacturers, including IBM in their 360 and 370 series (2), have designed computers around a microprocessor, but it has not been until recently that the microprogrammable computer has evolved as a practical element of a university's computer laboratory. Recent developments in semiconductor memories have helped make customer microprogramming economically feasible. A problem that both manufacturer and user had to face was that of support. Most manufacturers are unable or unwilling to provide effective support to the microprogramming user. The remainder of this paper discusses some of these and the advantages gained by having a microprogrammable computer available as a teaching tool.
Structured trace diagnosis for LSSD board testing&mdash;an alternative to full fault simulated diagnosis
Authors: F. Hsu, P. Solecky, R. Beaudoin
Venue: Proceedings of the 18th Design Automation Conference (1981)

This paper reviews the structured design concept and conventional diagnostic methods. It presents an alternate approach, called structured-trace method, for diagnosing failures on high level packages, which are structurally designed, such as LSSD structure. Implications of structured designs on failure diagnosis are discussed. Results from an evaluation study of the method are presented.
A character-oriented context-addressed segment-sequential storage
Authors: Leonard D. Healy
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd annual symposium on Computer architecture (1976)

The Context-Addressed Segment-Sequential Storage (CASSS) described in this paper provides a solution to the problem of data retrieval from a large, nonpreorganized file. It provides this capability entirely by hardware, eliminating the need for special data structuring solely for the purpose of reducing search time. The major features of the architecture of a character-oriented CASSS system are described, including the basic hardware configuration selected to implement such a system and the set of search instructions chosen to provide a wide variety of search operations useful in information retrieval. Of particular importance in this application is the method of quasi-parallel instruction execution, which allows a full string search of the entire data base in a single cycle of the sequential storage device used.
Head-eye calibration
Authors: Mengxiang Li, D. Betsis
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Computer Vision (1995)

We deal with the calibration problem of an active head-eye system, which consists of a pair of cameras mounted on a head with 13 degrees of freedom. The aim of the calibration is to establish relative positions of different 3D systems: between camera and neck, eye and neck, etc., so that we can keep track of the camera position in a fixed (calibration) reference system as a function of the visual parameters of the head-eye system. We formulate the problem and propose both closed-form and nonlinear optimization approaches to solve it. Experiments were carried out and comparison of results with other algorithms were made on both simulated and real data.
On the nlog n isomorphism technique (A Preliminary Report)
Authors: Gary L. Miller
Venue: Proceedings of the tenth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing (1978)

Tarjan has given an algorithm for deciding isomorphism of two groups of order n (given as multiplication tables) which runs in O(n(log2n+O(1)) steps where n is the order of the groups. Tarjan uses the fact that a group of n is generated by log n elements. In this paper, we show that Tarjan's technique generalizes to isomorphism of quasigroups, latin squares, Steiner systems, and many graphs generated from these combinatorial objects.