ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Instruction overhead and data locality effects in superscalar processors
Authors: M. Annavaram
Venue: Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE International Symposium on Performance Analysis of Systems and Software (2000)

To reduce software development and maintenance costs, programmers are increasingly using object oriented programming languages, such as C++, and relying on highly flexible data structures, such as linked lists. Object oriented programming languages provide features that help manage complex software systems, but object oriented programs tend to suffer increased instruction counts, e.g. due to generalized class implementations and many more calls to small functions. Using linked data structures increases programming flexibility by allowing easy addition and deletion of nodes, and by dynamically allocating memory to satisfy applications that use large memory space. However, successive elements in linked data structures may be allocated noncontinuously in memory, leading to poor spatial locality for list traversals which in turn increases cache misses and reduces performance. This paper evaluates the impact of both the increased instruction overhead and poor spatial locality on superscalar processor performance as issue width increases. We show that underutilized resources of wide-issue processors can partially alleviate the impact of the instruction overhead. However, poor locality tends to cause more performance degradation as the processor issue width increases. Finally we show that the spatial locality of some programs can be improved by using a vector representation to replace linked list structures. Vectors exhibit better spatial locality during list traversals, but suffer from instruction overhead and memory copy overhead when nodes are added to and deleted from the structure.
Large-scale multimedia content delivery over optical networks for interactive TV services
Authors: Miroslaw Czyrnek, Ewa Kusmierek, Cezary Mazurek, Maciej Stroinski
Venue: Future Generation Computer Systems (2006)

iTVP is a system built for delivery of live TV programming, video-on-demand and audio-on-demand with interactive access over IP networks. It has a nationwide range and is designed to provide service to a high number of concurrent users. Hence, scalability is one of the most important issues. In this paper we described how scalability is achieved in a two-level hierarchical architecture of the delivery system. We present the principles of content caching mechanisms and the management of the resulting distributed content repository. The system is implemented and currently operates in a test installation. Although the range of the test system operations is limited, as far as the number of users and the size of the content repository is concerned, the experience gained with iTVP so far provides an insight into the expected prototype performance. We present a system performance evaluation and describe the experience gained during the iGrid demonstration.
Declarative XML update language based on a higher data model
Authors: Guo-Ren Wang, Xiao-Lin Zhang
Venue: Journal of Computer Science and Technology (2005)

With the extensive use of XML in applications over the Web, how to update XML data is becoming an important issue because the role of XML has expanded beyond traditional applications in which XML is used for information exchange and data representation over the Web. So far, several languages have been proposed for updating XML data, but they are all based on lower, so-called graph-based or tree-based data models. Update requests are thus expressed in a nonintuitive and unnatural way and update statements are too complicated to comprehend. This paper presents a novel declarative XML update language which is an extension of the XML-RL query language. Compared with other existing XML update languages, it has the following features. First, it is the only XML data manipulation language based on a higher data model. Second, this language can express complex update requests at multiple levels in a hierarchy in a simple and flat way. Third, this language directly supports the functionality of updating complex objects while all other update languages do not support these operations. Lastly, most of existing languages use rename to modify attribute and element names, which is a different way from updates on value. The proposed language modifies tag names, values, and objects in a unified way by the introduction of three kinds of logical binding variables: object variables, value variables, and name variables.
A method of constructing programmed motion for nonlinear and nonstationary systems by indirect controller
Authors: A. N. Kwitko
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 International Conference on Physics and Control - Volume 4 (2003)

The algorithm for transferring nonlinear system of differential equations from one initial state to fixed final state is suggested. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Comparing the Performance of MLP and RBF Neural Networks Employed by Negotiating Intelligent Agents
Authors: Ioannis V. Papaioannou, Ioanna G. Roussaki, Miltiades E. Anagnostou
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE/WIC/ACM international conference on Intelligent Agent Technology (2006)

One of the means that improve the performance and sophistication of systems in the e-business domain is mobile intelligent agents' technology. In this framework, a quite challenging research field is the design and evaluation of agents handling automated negotiations on behalf of their human or corporate owners. This paper proposes to enhance such agents with learning techniques, in order to achieve more profitable results for the parties they represent. The proposed learning techniques are based on MLP or RBF neural networks (NNs) and are quite lightweight. They aim to reduce the cases of unsuccessful negotiations and maximize the client's utility. The designed NN-assisted negotiation strategies1 have been compared and empirically evaluated via numerous experiments.
Reaching Outside the Smart Space: The Memory Jog Gateway
Authors: Nikolaos Dimakis, Vasileios Mylonakis, John Soldatos, Lazaros Polymenakos
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Computing (2006)

Pervasive computing comes to provide human-centric services, facilitating user interaction. These services are essentially context-aware which require complex, heterogeneous infrastructures containing numerous sensors and actuators configured for in-door environments, called 'smart spaces'. One challenge in expanding such services is the complexity of these environments, requiring a significant amount of time to set-up and configure. In this paper we introduce an approach for providing assistance to remote users who can interface with the smart space either by using mobile devices, or by using a cut-down version of the 'smart space' with only a few simple but essential sensors. Furthermore we describe how this approach has been incorporated in a prototype non-intrusive human-centric application, providing assistance in the case of meetings, lectures and presentations called 'Memory Jog'.
RFID security and privacy concerns
Authors: Nicholas Tsougas
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th ACM workshop on Wireless security (2006)

There are a number of business cases for passive RFID and most are based on the assumption that the RF tags, to include underlying IT systems are secure and authentic, and that privacy and security will not be a concern to the consumer. How do we identify the "real issues" and how do we eliminate or mitigate these concerns for government and commercial entities. What is the reality of all of the articles being circulated regarding RFID security and privacy?
Educating the Humanities for e-Science
Authors: Sven Stromqvist
Venue: Proceedings of the Second IEEE International Conference on e-Science and Grid Computing (2006)

The first part of the present paper discusses why the Humanities is lagging behind in terms of making use of e-science and what might be done to remedy that situation. The diversity of ontologies in the Humanities, hampering consensus over metadata, is one problem. Another problem is the lack of education in e-science tailored to the needs of researchers in the Humanities and the lack of efforts to try to integrate elements of e-science with the standard repertoire of research and education in the Humanities. Drawing on experiences from the project European Cultural Heritage Online (ECHO) and from the on-going project Distributed Access Management of Language Resources (DAM-LR), the Centre for Languages and literature at Lund University is trying to implement new elements of e-science at the local Faculty of Humanities. The second part of the paper briefly describes the process as well as some of its added values.
Technologically Enhanced PBL Environment for Preparing Lifelong Learners
Authors: Madhumita Bhattacharya
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (2006)

In the present study we have created an environment to foster meaningful learning through Problem Based Learning (PBL). Educators have realized that for students to be successful in the twenty first century they need to be lifelong learners. Helping them to develop the skills necessary to become lifelong learners requires a different approach to teaching and learning. The process involves students working together towards common goals, teachers acting as 'experts', coaches and facilitators - allowing students to be autonomous learners. What is technology's role in this movement? The author emphasizes that it is supporting both teachers and students by providing environment, various communication and mind mapping tools and the place for students to 'put it all together' to share with other students, parents, and the world.
An approach to near real-time dynamic distributed system control under uncertainty
Authors: Kevin Adams
Venue: Proceedings of the 37th conference on Winter simulation (2005)

Sensitivity analysis for integer optimization models is a very time-consuming process not conducive to applications requiring near real-time performance. The premise of this research is that the sensitivity of the optimization function in mixed integer non-linear systems creates a pattern. We demonstrate that a supervised neural network can be used to identify, classify and learn these patterns. The learned patterns can be represented in the various weights used in the neural network configuration. Using historical optimal information represented in the weights, the neural network can map the input constraints of our system to the optimal solution through functionally approximation with a high degree of accuracy. This functional approximation can be calculated in a small fixed determinate amount of time. In order to maintain good performance in a dynamic environment, the system uses feedback from an off-line component to identify and classify the constraint pattern changes. The proposed approach is demonstrated through simulation and case study to perform extremely well.
Exploring the user experience through collage
Authors: Dana McKay, Sally Jo Cunningham, Kirsten Thomson
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th ACM SIGCHI New Zealand chapter's international conference on Computer-human interaction: design centered HCI (2006)

We explore the use of collage in requirements elicitation, as a tool to support potential end-users in expressing their impressions, understanding, and emotions regarding a system.
Aspen the verb: musings on heritage and virtuality
Authors: Michael Naimark
Venue: Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments (2006)

Aspen, the picturesque mountain town in Colorado, is known for two processes, or "verbs," relating to heritage and virtuality. One is to "moviemap," the process of rigorously filming path and turn sequences to simulate interactive travel and to use as a spatial interface for a multimedia database. The other is to "Aspenize," the process by which a fragile cultural ecosystem is disrupted by tourism and growth. This essay reflects on their significance and describes exemplary work integrating these two seemingly disparate concepts.
Server Placement for Enhancing the Interactivity of Large-Scale Distributed Virtual Environments
Authors: Duong N. B. Ta, Suiping Zhou
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 International Conference on Cyberworlds (2006)

Distributed Virtual Environments (DVEs) allow many simultaneous human users to interact with each other in shared, 3D virtual worlds. The interactivity of a DVE is of crucial importance, as its success greatly depends on users' perceptions when interacting within the virtual world. In this paper, different from traditional application-centric approaches like dead reckoning, we propose a network-centric approach to enhance the interactivity of DVEs by directly reducing the network latencies in client-server communications. We consider a key problem with this approach, termed the server placement problem. Generally, this problem concerns how to place servers in the network to reduce clientserver communication latencies. We then suggest several degree-based server placement approaches. Extensive simulation studies using realistic models have shown that appropriate server placement is very effective in enhancing the interactivity of large-scale DVEs.
Document Image Dewarping Based on Line Estimation for Visually Impaired
Authors: P. Kakumanu, N. Bourbakis, J. Black, S. Panchanathan
Venue: Proceedings of the 18th IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence (2006)

In this paper, we present an image-text dewarping methodology based on robust estimation of text-lines. When a text-page is captured by a camera, it suffers both from the perspective distortions and the page curl. The non-linear distortion due to page-curl is inherently present, given the surface nature of the pages and the text-book. The state-of-the-art OCR systems have a very low performance on recognizing such distorted text. To remove both these distortions and to produce a flattened view of the text, we use the cues present in the image-text, i.e., the text-lines on the surface of the page are straight. The methodology requires only a single camera captured image and does not require any calibration or any other expensive hardware setups as in other methods. Experimental results on a set of documents show that the methodology produces visually pleasing output and also improves OCR accuracy.
PBR vs. checklist: a replication in the n-fold inspection context
Authors: Lulu He, Jeffrey Carver
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 ACM/IEEE international symposium on Empirical software engineering (2006)

Inspection is considered a powerful method to check software documents for defects. Many published work shows that inspections in requirements specification phase are particularly effective and efficient. Perspective-Based Reading (PBR) is one of the systematic techniques to support defect detection in requirements documents. In this paper we describe an experiment to validate the effectiveness of PBR in a meeting-based N-fold inspection. Our goals were: (1) re-test the hypothesis of the original experiment that PBR helps to increase individual and team defect detection effectiveness compared to an checklist approach; (2) investigate the different impact of PBR and checklist on the effectiveness of N-fold team meeting; and (3) investigate some interesting characteristics of PBR (e.g. the relationship between background experiences and performance of the subjects). The results of the study showed that PBR was significantly more effective than checklist (supporting the original study). We also found that the team meeting is much more important for checklist teams, based on the number of meeting gains and the number of false defects eliminated. Finally, we found that teams using the PBR techniques have less overlap in their defect detection than those using checklist. The ultimate goal is to provide best practices (guidance) for applying PBR in software inspection and also some advice for PBR (or software inspections) process improvement.
Guest Editors' Introduction: Haptic User Interfaces for Multimedia Systems
Authors: Sethuraman Panchanathan, Kanav Kahol
Venue: IEEE MultiMedia (2006)

The guest editors talk a little about haptic interfaces and give an overview of the articles for this special issue.
New mechanism of oscillations and chaos in the ecosystem with intensive exploitation
Authors: E. Y. Frisman, E. V. Sycheva
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 International Conference on Physics and Control - Volume 2 (2003)

This mathematical model generalizes maximum number of trade strategies that seem possible for us and which take place in the real situation. The trade effects on a homogeneous population were investigated basing on assumption that the maturing species, recruited the spawning herd, do not differ essentially from the adults. The basic model of the number dynamics of the exploited population, is described by the equation.
Adaptive Approach for the Regulation of a Mobile Agent Population in a Distributed Network
Authors: M. Bakhouya, J. Gaber
Venue: Proceedings of the Proceedings of The Fifth International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Computing (2006)

Mobile agent is a progrant that can migrate from a machine to another in a network and perform tasks on machines that provide agent hosting capability. The agent can clone itself in order to increase system robustness and efficiency. The clone operation creates multiple instances of an agent to run on different machines. However, increasing agent population size, with cloning operation, will increase resource demands in the network, which would indirectly affect network performance. When, the mobile agents operate in a dynamic and distributed environment, it is difficult to estimate a priori the appropriate number of agents allowed to be spawned in the network.This paper focuses on the problem of dynamic regulation of mobile agent population size in a distributed system, and proposes an approach that takes inspiration from the immune system concept.
Distance Education in the Maldives: Learner Support for Students in Island Communities
Authors: Ali Fawaz Shareef, Kinshuk Kinshuk, Sobah Abbas Petersen
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE International Workshop on Technology for Education in Developing Countries (2006)

Learner support is an essential component of open and distance learning. This paper outlines a learner support system for the students in the islands of Maldives. The learner support system is based on a distance education model designed and developed for Maldives. This learner support system will enable the students to receive more timely feedback to their queries and builds on the existing support system.
Decentralized discovery of free parking places
Authors: Murat Caliskan, Daniel Graupner, Martin Mauve
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd international workshop on Vehicular ad hoc networks (2006)

This paper proposes a topology independent, scalable information dissemination algorithm for spatio-temporal traffic information such as parking place availability using vehicular ad hoc networks (VANET) based on Wireless-LAN IEEE 802.11.The algorithm uses periodic broadcasts for information dissemination. Broadcast redundancy is minimized by evaluation of application layer information and aggregation. Due to the spatio-temporal characteristics of parking place information, the spatial distribution of information is limited by utilizing techniques, which take the local relevance and age of information into account.Based on a realistic model of a german city with up to 10000 vehicles, our results show that a decentralized parking place information system works efficiently even with 5% of vehicles equipped with Wireless-LAN and without the help of any message relaying infrastructure. This fact makes such a non-safety driver assistance application very interesting, especially in the rollout phase of vehicular ad hoc networks.
Adaptive File Distribution in P2P Network Using Ant Colony Optimization for Smart Home Environment
Authors: Jeong-Jun Suh, Shan Guo Quan, Seung-Hoon Park, Young Yong Kim
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 International Conference on Hybrid Information Technology - Volume 02 (2006)

In this paper, we consider the file distribution problem in peer-to-peer networks. We propose a novel algorithm, called AntReplica, for an efficient and adaptive replication of large files in the Internet environment. AntReplica is inspired by the stigmergy model of communication observed in ant colonies, and allows for peers to experience the short distribution delay. In order to replicate an original file among group member nodes, the file is partitioned into small chips of equal size, and each chip is transferred to a member node in proportion to the probability of selecting a link. Then, each node propagates it to the remaining nodes in the group. Proposed method achieves significantly reduced file replication time as we demonstrate through experiment with an eventdriven simulator.
Location independent compact routing for wireless networks
Authors: Robert Gilbert, Kerby Johnson, Shaomei Wu, Ben Y. Zhao, Haitao Zheng
Venue: Proceedings of the 1st international workshop on Decentralized resource sharing in mobile computing and networking (2006)

While reactive routing protocols such as AODV operate efficiently for small ad hoc wireless networks, their O(N) perflow control overhead limits deployment on larger-scale networks. Deployment of compact routing protocols such as geographic routing have met with challenges. In this paper, we present Table Attenuation Routing Protocol (TARP), a protocol that combines compact per-node routing state with scalability to large networks. Preliminary evaluation shows that TARP performs similar to AODV in smaller networks and better in larger networks.
An analysis of standardized reading ability tests: what do questions actually measure?
Authors: Michael Rowe, Yasuhiro Ozuru, Danielle McNamara
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Learning sciences (2006)

This study examined what types of passage and individual item attributes of reading ability tests affect item difficulty. Ninety-six questions from the Gates-MacGinitie Reading Test for 7/9th graders were analyzed in terms of individual item characteristics and passage features that were considered to affect the item's difficulty. Whereas two passage features, word frequency and sentence length, influenced the item difficulty, none of the individual question characteristics were found to affect the item difficulty. Thus, the GMRT may be assessing how difficult a passage readers can comprehend, not how difficult a question readers can answer about a passage. These findings imply that the GMRT may function well when identifying basic reading comprehension skill differences, but not higher level reading skill differences. However, these findings may be the result of the passages in the GMRT having an atypical construction. Specifically, shorter passages tended to be composed of longer sentences.
Selfish Multi-User Task Scheduling
Authors: Thomas E. Carroll, Daniel Grosu
Venue: Proceedings of the Proceedings of The Fifth International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Computing (2006)

In this paper we formulate and study a new scheduling problem called Selfish Multi-User Task Scheduling. This problem assumes that there are several users, each of them having multiple tasks that need processing on a set of parallel identical machines. Each user is selfish and her goal is to minimize the makespan of her own tasks. We model this problem as a non-cooperative, extensive-form game. We use the subgame perfect equilibrium solution concept to analyze the game which provides insight into the problem's properties. We compute the price of anarchy to quantify the costs due to lack of coordination among the users.