ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
A general simulator for reaction-based biogeochemical processes
Authors: Yilin Fang, Steven B. Yabusaki, Gour-Tsyh Yeh
Venue: Computers Geosciences (2006)

As more complex biogeochemical situations are being investigated (e.g., evolving reactivity, passivation of reactive surfaces, dissolution of sorbates), there is a growing need for biogeochemical simulators to flexibly and facilely address new reaction forms and rate laws. This paper presents an approach that accommodates this need to efficiently simulate general biogeochemical processes, while insulating the user from additional code development. The approach allows for the automatic extraction of fundamental reaction stoichiometry and thermodynamics from a standard chemistry database, and the symbolic entry of arbitrarily complex user-specified reaction forms, rate laws, and equilibria. The user-specified equilibria and kinetic rates (i.e., they are not defined in the format of the standardized database) are interpreted by the Maple V (Waterloo Maple) symbolic mathematical software package. FORTRAN 90 code is then generated by Maple for (1) the analytical Jacobian matrix (if preferred over the numerical Jacobian matrix) used in the Newton-Raphson solution procedure, and (2) the residual functions for governing equations, user-specified equilibrium expressions and rate laws. Matrix diagonalization eliminates the need to conceptualize the system of reactions as a tableau, which comprises a list of components, species, the stoichiometric matrix, and the formation equilibrium constant vector that forms the species from components (Morel and Hering, 1993), while identifying a minimum rank set of basis species with enhanced numerical convergence properties. The newly generated code, which is designed to operate in the BIOGEOCHEM biogeochemical simulator, is then compiled and linked into the BIOGEOCHEM executable. With these features, users can avoid recoding the simulator to accept new equilibrium expressions or kinetic rate laws, while still taking full advantage of the stoichiometry and thermodynamics provided by an existing chemical database. Thus, the approach introduces efficiencies in the specification of biogeochemical reaction networks and eliminates opportunities for mistakes in preparing input files and coding errors. Test problems are used to demonstrate the features of the procedure.
Code design for MIMO broadcast channels
Authors: Momin Uppal, Vladimir Stankovic, Zixiang Xiong
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Communications (2009)

Recent information-theoretic results show the optimality of dirty-paper coding (DPC) in achieving the full capacity region of the Gaussian multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) broadcast channel (BC). This paper presents a DPC based code design for BCs. We consider the case in which there is an individual rate/signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) constraint for each user. For a fixed transmitter power, we choose the linear transmit precoding matrix such that the SINRs at users are uniformly maximized, thus ensuring the best bit-error rate performance. We start with Cover's simplest two-user Gaussian BC and present a coding scheme that operates 1.44 dB from the boundary of the capacity region at the rate of one bit per real sample (b/s) for each user. We then extend the coding strategy to a two-user MIMO Gaussian BC with two transmit antennas at the base-station and develop the first limit-approaching code design using nested turbo codes for DPC. At the rate of 1 b/s for each user, our design operates 1.48 dB from the capacity region boundary. We also consider the performance of our scheme over a slow fading BC. For two transmit antennas, simulation results indicate a performance loss of only 1.4 dB, 1.64 dB and 1.99 dB from the theoretical limit in terms of the total transmission power for the two, three and four user case, respectively.
A Practice of Allied Network Security System
Authors: Ruey-Maw Chen, Ching-Te Wang, Kuo-ta Hsieh
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Third International Conference on Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering (2009)

People’s dependence on the internet has increased apparently. Therefore, the issue of how to tighten the security of internet environment has given rise to much attention of researchers. However, passive firewall and intrusion detection system (IDS) and other technologies for internet security are insufficient for different safety concerns. Recently, active intrusion prevention systems (IPS) have raised the interest of more and more researchers. This study proposes a new scheme of the distributed intrusion prevention system (DIPS) named allied DIPS, in which the conception of “group” is presented for satisfying the increased requirements of security of internet. Restated, promoting the prevention performance (united defense) is implemented through the corporation among DIPS within the allied group. Meanwhile, the operation details of the proposed DIPS mechanism are presented. The experiment results reveal that the proposed allied DIPS approach in this investigation is effective and efficient for prevention network security problems.
Selfishness and altruism on the MISO interference channel: the case of partial transmitter CSI
Authors: Johannes Lindblom, Eleftherios Karipidis, Erik G. Larsson
Venue: IEEE Communications Letters (2009)

We study the achievable ergodic rate region of the two-user multiple-input single-output interference channel, under the assumptions that the receivers treat interference as additive Gaussian noise and the transmitters only have statistical channel knowledge. Initially, we provide a closed-form expression for the ergodic rates and derive the Nash-equilibrium and zero-forcing transmit beamforming strategies. Then, we shows that combinations of the aforementioned selfish and altruistic, respectively, strategies achieve Pareto-optimal rate pairs.
Global Feature Properties by Image Modifications and Variations
Authors: Jaekyong Jeong, Chunho Park, Byeungwoo Jeon
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Fifth International Joint Conference on INC, IMS and IDC (2009)

In this paper, we examine the properties of some typical instance of global image features to provide clues to image retrieval by efficient selection of them as content. It is performed by calculating the feature difference between images including variously transformed images. Image data might be caused image variations by typical modification or deterioration originated from image collection process. We intend to classify the transformed images as identical group and investigate the appropriate kind of feature which is robust against the image variation and difference measuring method distinguishable from other group. The result can be applied for image identification against environmental modifications or identical photographic image grouping working with local feature.
Digital Watermarking Algorithm Based on Chaotic Encryption and HVS
Authors: Ke-xin Yin, Li-juan Zhang, Ze-sheng Wang, Xiao-lin Fu, Liu Chang
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Multimedia Information Networking and Security - Volume 02 (2009)

A blind robust digital image watermarking scheme using chaotic encryption and HVS in DWT domain is presented. Firstly, the original image is transformed into some sub-band coefficients using discrete wavelet transformation (DWT), and then the binary image watermark signal is encrypted using logistic chaos map before it is embedded. Taking into account the characteristics of human visual system (HVS), the watermark is embedded into the important sub-band coefficients. Because of the multi-resolution decomposition for DWT and meaningful HVS, the proposed scheme can achieve good robustness, which is demonstrated in the following experiments. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
The privacy framework: protecting clickstream data
Authors: Rebecca Wong, Daniel B. Garrie
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth IASTED International Conference on Law and Technology (2007)

Clickstream data is an issue that cannot be ignored by non-EEA data controllers, Data Protection Authorities, Legislators and the Judiciary. This paper discusses the notion of clickstream data in the context of the European and U.S. legal framework. It considers the extent to which clickstream data is protected as "personal data" under the European Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC and discusses the impact of the Wiretap Act, 18 U.S.C. &sect; 2701 (2004), and related statutes on clickstream data. The paper calls for more discussion by Data Protection Authorities into the notion of clickstream data and its application on the Internet.
Data mining in bioinformatics: challenges and opportunities
Authors: Xiaohua Hu
Venue: Proceeding of the third international workshop on Data and text mining in bioinformatics (2009)

In this talk I will discuss some data mining techniques and methods in the bioinformatics domain, what are the main challenges and what are the opportunities. I will cover some of the issues related to biomedical literature mining, bioinformatics data integration and biological network analysis and simulation. In biomedical literature mining, I will discuss the effective information retrieval and large-scale information extraction from biomedical literatures. I will also share my view of the semantic-based approach for data integration for bioinformatics domain. In the end, I will talk about the various approaches for biological network analysis and simulation.
Adaptive power loading based on unequal-BER strategy for OFDM systems
Authors: Kaiming Liu, Bihua Tang, Yuan'an Liu
Venue: IEEE Communications Letters (2009)

An adaptive power loading algorithm with uniform (nonadaptive) bit allocation is proposed for constant data rate OFDM systems in this letter. This algorithm aims to minimize the transmit power while guaranteeing the target mean bit error rate (BER). The power loading is based on the Unequal-BER (UBER) strategy which permits unequal mean BERs on different subcarriers. The closed-form expressions for optimal BER and power distributions are derived. Simulation results indicate the superiority of the proposed algorithm.
e-integration challenges for rectors & deans in higher education institutions in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Reima Sado Al-Jarf
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th IASTED International Conference on Computers and Advanced Technology in Education (2007)

The study aimed at finding out whether online courses are currently used at Saudi higher education institutions, in which majors online courses are offered and which delivery systems are used. It was found that only 6 universities (43%) are currently offering online courses using WebCT or Blackboard. The amount and type of online courses offered are not proportionate with the number of colleges, departments and faculty at those universities. The current use of WebCT and Blackboard is not cost-effective. Lack of motivation, online teaching skills, training in technology integration, administrative support, inadequate infrastructure and funds contribute to the inadequate use of online courses. Since integration of technology in higher education is inevitable, a number of recommendations for the successful adoption, integration and use of online instruction are given.
Selection of an Investment Portfolio by Means of a Mathematical Model of Optimization Applied to Mexican Stock-Market in Period of Debacle
Authors: José C. Zavala-Diaz, Dalia V. Garcia-Villagomez, Jorge A. Ruiz-Vanoye, Ocotlán Diaz-Parra
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Fifth International Joint Conference on INC, IMS and IDC (2009)

In this paper appears a behavior analysis of the Mexican stock-market between a previous period to the economic debacle of the 2008 and during the period of the first month of the debacle. We propose to use a mathematical model of linear programming for the selection of an investment portfolio in Mexican stock-market. The mathematical model is based on the modification of Markowitz Model and Capital Assets Pricing Model. The model proposed contains two functions objective: 1) to maximize the return and 2) to minimize the risk. The Application of the proposed model to select an investment portfolio was realized with the public data of Mexican stock-market taking a sample from the stock-exchange, than they are part of the calculation of the Index of Prices and Quotations. The results show that our model is able to determine an investment portfolio with very different scenes and in period of debacle. Also it does determine that when comparing two investment portfolios are better to select the portfolio with the greater return instead of the portfolio with the smaller risk.
A New Method for Controlling the Trajectory of Stratospheric Satellite
Authors: Fu Wenxing, Zhu Supeng, Zuo Liankai, Zhu Yanda
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Second International Symposium on Knowledge Acquisition and Modeling - Volume 01 (2009)

A stratospheric satellite flies from east to west around the earth in the stratosphere, and a certain number of stratospheric satellites make up the global stratospheric balloon constellation. This paper presents the stratospheric satellite's trajectory control method. It also describes the working principles, component parts and functions of the stratospheric satellite. To establish the model of its trajectory control system, the paper defines its various coordinate systems and analyzes the stress of the super-pressure helium balloon and that of the stratosail. It then presents the scheme of the trajectory control system. Finally, it carries out the numerical simulation to verify the effectiveness of the trajectory control method. The simulation results, given in Fig. 7, show preliminarily that: (1) the stratosail can exert the stable control of the movement of the stratospheric satellite along its orbit from north to south; (2) Under the interference of 5 m/s wind, with the control of the stratosail, the maximum distance of the super-pressure balloon away from its orbit is about 700m, but it takes around 10000 s to adjust the distance.
Analyzing alternatives in reverse logistics for end-of-life computers: ANP and balanced scorecard approach
Authors: V. Ravi, Ravi Shankar, M. K. Tiwari
Venue: Computers and Industrial Engineering (2005)

Activities in reverse logistics activities are extensively practiced by computer hardware industries. One of the important problems faced by the top management in the computer hardware industries is the evaluation of various alternatives for end-of-life (EOL) computers. Analytic network process (ANP) based decision model presented in this paper structures the problem related to options in reverse logistics for EOL computers in a hierarchical form and links the determinants, dimensions, and enablers of the reverse logistics with alternatives available to the decision maker. In the proposed model, the dimensions of reverse logistics for the EOL computers have been taken from four perspectives derived from balanced scorecard approach, viz. customer, internal business, innovation and learning, and finance. The proposed approach, therefore, links the financial and non-financial, tangible and intangible, internal and external factors, thus providing a holistic framework for the selection of an alternative for the reverse logistics operations for EOL computers. Many criteria, sub-criteria, determinants, etc. for the selection of reverse logistics options are interrelated. The ability of ANP to consider interdependencies among and between levels of decision attributes makes it an attractive multi-criteria decision-making tool. Thus, a combination of balanced scorecard and ANP-based approach proposed in this paper provides a more realistic and accurate representation of the problem for conducting reverse logistics operations for EOL computers.
Variance envelopes of the output traffic of leaky bucket policers
Authors: Paolo Giacomazzi
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Communications (2009)

Given a policer with a generic deterministic constraint function and given an input traffic with average rate smaller than the average service rate of the policer, the variance var(y(t)) of the policer's cumulative output traffic y(t) satisfies the asymptotic property var(y(t)) ∈ O(t2) for t → ∞.
A Cross-Layering IPv6 Fast Handover Scheme for Real-Time Applications in IEEE 802.16e Network
Authors: Chen-Hua Shih, Yaw-Chung Chen
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Fifth International Joint Conference on INC, IMS and IDC (2009)

The IEEE 802.16 standard was designed to provide rapid deployment, high bandwidth, and low-cost fixed broadband wireless access (BWA). As an enhancement, IEEE 802.16e standard was developed for further supporting mobility. As media streaming services are extending to mobile stations, it is crucial to minimize the handover delay and service disruption time so as to maintain the sustained connection of IP sessions. In this work, we propose a cross-layering IPv6 fast handover scheme which features integrated layer 2/layer 3 messages and fast network re-entry methods. Compared with the fast mobile IPv6 over 802.16e network scheme, our proposed scheme can reduce the service disruption time by about 93.6% for downlink and 89.7% for uplink so that the quality of service (QoS) for real-time applications can be improved significantly.
Accuracy and reliability of map-matched GPS coordinates: the dependence on terrain model resolution and interpolation algorithm
Authors: Jing Li, George Taylor, David B. Kidner
Venue: Computers Geosciences (2005)

The global positioning system (GPS) has become the most extensively used positioning and navigation tool in the world. Applications of GPS abound in surveying, mapping, transportation, agriculture, military planning, GIS, and the geosciences. However, the positional and elevation accuracy of any given GPS location is prone to error, due to a number of factors. This has serious implications for some applications, such as real-time navigational systems. GPS accuracy can be significantly improved with additional data, possibly from multiple sources, and especially from multiple receivers. In the case of a single GPS receiver, its position and elevation can be considerably improved with the use of spatial data. For vehicle tracking, map matching can be employed to intelligently snap the GPS location to a road centreline, while height aiding can augment the GPS solution by utilising a digital terrain model (DTM), thereby reducing the number of satellites required to determine a position. This paper describes the use of map matching and height aiding, and examines the effect of different terrain resolutions (Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 and 1:10,000 scale DTMs) on plan position and elevation accuracy for vehicle tracking. Furthermore, the user's choice of interpolation algorithm for estimating heights from the DTM is investigated. The results of the experiments described in this paper demonstrate that height aiding alone reduces the mean error in elevation from 22.5 to 17.5m for of a single GPS receiver, and the mean error in plan position from 6 to 5m. However, map matching and height aiding combined, reduces the elevation RMSE of a single GPS receiver from 22.5m to approximately 4m (1:50,000 scale DTM) and down to 0.8m (1:10,000 scale DTM), while the plan position RMSE is reduced from 5.9 to 3.2m (either DTM). It is also demonstrated that when the number of satellites visible to the receiver is reduced, or the satellite geometry is poor, map matching and height aiding considerably improves the plan and elevation accuracy. The use of a higher-order interpolant (e.g. a bicubic or biquintic polynomial) is shown to slightly improve performance, compared to a bilinear interpolant, for the lower-resolution DTM, but has little overall benefit for the higher resolution DTM.
Scaling measurement experiments to planet-scale: ethical, regulatory and cultural considerations
Authors: Tristan Henderson, Fehmi Ben Abdesslem
Venue: Proceedings of the 1st ACM International Workshop on Hot Topics of Planet-Scale Mobility Measurements (2009)

Conducting planet-scale mobility experiments and measurements is of great interest to network researchers for building the next generation of wireless networking technologies, or for studying inter-disciplinary problems in complex networks. There are many technical challenges that need to be addressed before such experiments can take place. But at the same time, there are many non-technical issues that need to be tackled in order to preserve the welfare of participants in these studies. While some of these issues have been addressed in previous small-scale studies, they become increasingly complex when differences between countries need to be taken into account. This position paper highlights some of these issues and argues that they need to be addressed before planet-scale measurement experiments can be conducted. We discuss ethical, regulatory, cultural and privacy issues, and consider how to design measurement systems that will scale up to planet-wide experiments. We motivate our approach by discussing work in measurement of mobile and online social networks.
RArcInfo: Using GIS data with R
Authors: Virgilio Gómez-Rubio, Antonio López-Quílez
Venue: Computers Geosciences (2005)

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have become powerful tools to integrate, visualise and analyse spatial data obtained from different sources. However, the number of statistical methods implemented in most GIS is not comparable to those available in statistical software. RArcInfo is a package for the R programming language to import data from Arc/Info Version 7.x binary coverages and E00 files, which provide a complete structure to describe spatial data. Once the data are imported into R, several packages are available to perform spatial analysis, access databases to integrate new data and other interesting possibilities. The result is an increase in the spectrum of statistical tools available to process the data.
A structured approach to negotiating information technology outsourcing agreements
Authors: Subha Chandar, John Zeleznikow
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth IASTED International Conference on Law and Technology (2007)

It is becoming increasingly difficult for organisations to achieve strategic advantage through Information Technology outsourcing. Expectations of benefits and the significance or "business value" placed on them -- remain very high. However, research conducted by Gartner shows that more than 50% of Information Technology Outsourcing agreements fail to achieve a satisfactory outcome. Failure has also been linked to a poorly drafted contract. Negotiation of an Information Technology Outsourcing agreement is not an intuitive, ad-hoc process. Nor is it a procurement process, where negotiation can occur predominantly on price. Understanding the complex organisational, strategic and operational changes that need to take place in an outsourcing endeavour is imperative to the negotiation process. An organisation is most likely to benefit from outsourcing if it understands exactly how the outsourcing vendor will provide value and can use that knowledge to effectively negotiate an agreement. This paper reviews issues relating to Information Technology Outsourcing negotiations. It describes a project underway to build a structured framework for effectively negotiating Information Technology Agreements.