ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Stochastic batch scheduling and the “smallest variance first” rule
Authors: Michael Pinedo
Venue: Probability in the Engineering and Informational Sciences (2007)

Consider a single machine that can process multiple jobs in batch mode. We have n jobs and the processing time of job j is a random variable Xj with distribution Fj. Up to b jobs can be processed simultaneously by the machine. The jobs in a batch all have to start at the same time and the batch is completed when all jobs have finished their processing (i.e., at the maximum of the processing times of the jobs in that batch). We are interested in two objective functions, namely the minimization of the expected makespan and the minimization of the total expected completion time. We first show that under certain fairly general conditions, the minimization of the expected makespan is equivalent to specific deterministic combinatorial problems, namely the Weighted Matching problem and the Set Partitioning problem. We then consider the case when all jobs have the same mean processing time but different variances. We show that for certain special classes of processing time distributions the Smallest Variance First rule minimizes the expected makespan as well as the total expected completion time. In our conclusions we present various general rules that are suitable for the minimization of the expected makespan and the total expected completion time in batch scheduling.
Maintenance of spatial semijoin queries on moving points
Authors: Glenn S. Iwerks, Hanan Samet, Kenneth P. Smith
Venue: Proceedings of the Thirtieth international conference on Very large data bases - Volume 30 (2004)

In this paper, we address the maintenance of spatial semijoin queries over continuously moving points, where points are modeled as linear functions of time. This is analogous to the maintenance of a materialized view except, as time advances, the query result may change independently of updates. As in a materialized view, we assume there is no prior knowledge of updates before they occur. We present a new approach, continuous fuzzy sets (CFS), to maintain continuous spatial semijoins efficiently. CFS is compared experimentally to a simple scaling of previous work. The result is significantly better performance of CFS compared to previous work by up to an order of magnitude in some cases.
An experimental evaluation of simplicity in rule learning
Authors: Ulrich Rückert, Luc De Raedt
Venue: Artificial Intelligence (2008)

While recent research on rule learning has focused largely on finding highly accurate hypotheses, we evaluate the degree to which these hypotheses are also simple, that is small. To realize this, we compare well-known rule learners, such as CN2, RIPPER, PART, FOIL and C5.0 rules, with the benchmark system SL^2 that explicitly aims at computing small rule sets with few literals. The results show that it is possible to obtain a similar level of accuracy as state-of-the-art rule learners using much smaller rule sets.
Silhouettes Preserved Simplification for Small-Screen Display
Authors: Hua-hong Chen, Xiao-nan Luo, Sha Zhou
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Image and Graphics (2007)

In this paper, silhouettes preserved simplification for small-screen display is proposed. Silhouettes are determined simpiy by the normals of adjacent faces and the viewpoint directions. Thus, three kinds of triangles on the silhouette are defined: the Vertex Silhouette Triangle, the Edge Silhouette Triangle and the Angle Silhouette Triangle. By applying new rules of collapse and adding weight factors to the cost, the approximation which has the silhouette closer to the original model can be achieved, even when it leaves few triangles. The proposed algorithm is simple and effective, so it is suitable for the applications which consider silhouettes to be more significant than whole details such as the small-screen display case.
System Dynamic Model Applying on Analysis of Impact of Schedule Pressure on Project
Authors: Zhen-Yu Zhao, Qian-Lei Lv, Wei-Yang You
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery - Volume 04 (2007)

Project managers often face the problem of how to evaluate the impact of schedule pressure on projects, and need to use overtime and overmanning to get work done on time when schedule pressure occurs. In a project, personnel fatigue, efficiency loss, quality problems and cost increases, which interact to be feedback loops, and the loops create a project's dynamics system. Some traditional methods, such as CPM, PERT, are inadequate to analyze how these variables interacted and can not determine the impact of schedule pressure on projects. And therefore, there is a need for a model to analyze the impact of schedule pressure on project systematically. In this paper, firstly, system dynamics is introduced to develop a model to analyze the impact of schedule pressure on project quantitatively. And then a case study is used to testify the validity of the model. Finally, this paper gives the analysis of the results of the model and discusses how projects are affected by schedule pressure. The system dynamics modeling approach offers a useful tool for evaluating the impact of schedule pressure on projects.
A streaming validation model for SOAP digital signature
Authors: Wei Lu, K. Chiu, A. Slominski, D. Gannon
Venue: Proceedings of the High Performance Distributed Computing, 2005. HPDC-14. Proceedings. 14th IEEE International Symposium (2005)

The XML signature specification provides a rich and flexible message signature model for XML documents, and it has been adopted by SOAP applications to provide message-level security. However, the XML signature design introduces a number of complex processing steps, such as canonicalization and XPath filtering, that often lead to performance and scalability problems when encountering extremes of size and rate in the processing of XML. In this paper, we focus on the performance of validating large signed XML messages, as might be sent by a scientific application using grid Web services. We present the design and implementation of the GHPX/SSSV system for the streaming validation of SOAP digital signature. Our model consists of a streaming canonicalization and optimized SOAP signature validation. We present an empirical study of the performance characteristics of these streaming validation features. Based on our evaluations we conclude that the streaming validation model can not only provide high performance, but is also memory efficient.
Dynamic Personalization for Book Recommendation System Using Web Services and Virtual Library Enhancements
Authors: Takanori Kuroiwa, Subhash Bhalla
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th IEEE International Conference on Computer and Information Technology (2007)

In contrast to recommending new books and to enhance utilization of one's own books, we 1) propose to build a Knowledge Base (KB) by collecting book information using Web Services, 2) develop a Book Utilization System (BUS) that enables users to edit additional book information by using an XML database, 3) use a book search using Web Service. We also create an infrastructure for sharing ex- isting books among users by extracting featured keywords from KB for individuals' preference visualization. Our book search methodology makes it possible to find and suggest use of available books about "XML", when a user looks for books about "XQuery" by searching Web resources using Web Service.
MIMO Communication System Based on Wireless Baseband Tranmission Scheme Under Multipath Environment
Authors: Tetsuki Taniguchi, Junichi Kitagawa, Yoshio Karasawa
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Systems and Networks Communications (2007)

Wireless baseband transmission (WBT) is a communication technology to radiate high rate data symbols directly from antennas without any analogue modulations. This paper describes about measurement of multiple input multiple output (MIMO) WBT system using newly developed biconical antennas to investigate its fundamental behavior under multipath environment. The experiments are carried out in anechoic chamber and measured in frequency region using voltage network analyzer (VNA). A simple processing method of frequency selective real signals for WBT MIMO system is evaluated through computer simulations using the stored results of measurement, and problems are also discussed.
Behavioural reasoning for conditional equations
Authors: Manuel A. Martins, Don Pigozzi
Venue: Mathematical Structures in Computer Science (2007)

Object-oriented (OO) programming techniques can be applied to equational specification logics by distinguishing visible data from hidden data (that is, by distinguishing the output of methods from the objects to which the methods apply), and then focusing on the behavioural equivalence of hidden data in the sense introduced by H. Reichel in 1984. Equational specification logics structured in this way are called hidden equational logics, HELs. The central problem is how to extend the specification of a given HEL to a specification of behavioural equivalence in a computationally effective way. S. Buss and G. Roşu showed in 2000 that this is not possible in general, but much work has been done on the partial specification of behavioural equivalence for a wide class of HELs. The OO connection suggests the use of coalgebraic methods, and J. Goguen and his collaborators have developed coinductive processes that depend on an appropriate choice of a cobasis, which is a special set of contexts that generates a subset of the behavioural equivalence relation. In this paper the theoretical aspects of coinduction are investigated, specifically its role as a supplement to standard equational logic for determining behavioural equivalence. Various forms of coinduction are explored. A simple characterisation is given of those HELs that are behaviourally specifiable. Those sets of conditional equations that constitute a complete, finite cobasis for a HEL are characterised in terms of the HEL's specification. Behavioural equivalence, in the form of logical equivalence, is also an important concept for single-sorted logics, for example, sentential logics such as the classical propositional logic. The paper is an application of the methods developed through the extensive work that has been done in this area on HELs, and to a broader class of logics that encompasses both sentential logics and HELs.
Smart Antenna Based OVSF Code Assignment for WCDMA Networks
Authors: Adnan Kavak, Mustafa Karakoc
Venue: Wireless Personal Communications: An International Journal (2007)

This paper presents a new method for dynamic allocation of orthogonal variable spreading factor (OVSF) codes in WCDMA networks where each base station is equipped with an adaptive antenna array (AAA). Previous works about OVSF code assignment problem deal with the code limited case. Here, we investigate the feasibility to turn the problem into the SIR limited case. With our scheme, the new call request is allocated an OVSF code that may be currently used by an active user whose downlink beam has the smallest spatial correlation with the channel vector of the requesting user, as long as desired SIR level is achieved. The performance of the new scheme is justified through computer simulations under different traffic load conditions.
A comprehensive program for expanding pathways to IT careers
Authors: Marjorie Darrah, Rebecca Giorcelli, Tracie Dodson
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th ACM SIGITE conference on Information technology education (2007)

The Expanding Pathways for Educational Development and Information Technology Experiences (ExPEDITE) Project is creating a smooth transition to an information technology (IT) career for students in West Virginia. This National Science Foundation funded project brought together a secondary school system, community and technical college, university and companies in the technology industry to create a model for addressing the growing need for IT professionals. The ExPEDITE project was designed to meet the growing workforce demand for IT professionals, and improve the technology education of students and the educators who prepare them. Based on comprehensive research and an evaluation of career skills and workforce needs, the project partners are enhancing current secondary and higher education IT related programs. They are developing and approving articulation agreements between secondary school, community college, and university. The project team has developed and implemented a comprehensive IT internship/mentoring program for students, secondary teachers and college professors. They have also developed and are using IT awareness materials to attract and retain students to IT career paths. The team has created an IT career continuing education course for online dissemination to secondary school counselors and teachers. The ExPEDITE project processes are reproducible and effectively provide pathways for secondary and post-secondary students to learn IT skills while exposing them to expanding IT career opportunities.
Reduction of the bacterial load by the silver-coated endotracheal tube (SCET), a laboratory investigation
Authors: M. Hartmann, J. Guttmann, B. Müller, T. Hallmann, K. Geiger
Venue: Technology and Health Care (1999)

Microaspiration enabled by high-volume-low-pressure cuffed endotracheal tubes is the most likely explanation for ventilator-associated pneumonia. To decontaminate the secretion at the proximal end of the cuff we developed a silver-coated endotracheal tube (SCET). In an in vitro model we investigated the efficacy of SCET to lower the bacterial load of secretion and aspirate. We developed a continuously contaminated and mechanically ventilated oropharynx-larynx-lung model to investigate the reduction of the bacterial count by SCET compared to controls. The model was continuously contaminated via the oropharynx-larynx with Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. During the investigation period of 50 hours the bacterial count of oropharynx-larynx and lung was measured as colony-forming-units/ml. In addition, the characteristic curve of silver ion release of SCET was determined. SCET significantly reduced the bacterial count in oropharynx-larynx at all timepoints (p<0.05). In lung the bacterial count was significantly lower beginning with the 36th hour of recording (p<0.05). A reduction of greater than 2 log was found from 28 hours on in oropharynx-larynx and from 50 hours on in lung. The release of silver ions was very rapid and was described by a mono-exponential function with a time-constant \tau of about 60 minutes and a saturation concentration of 200\pm 80\,\mug/l. SCET showed a significant inhibition of growth of P. aeruginosa in the continuously contaminated and mechanically ventilated oropharynx-larynx-lung model. SCET by thus might be helpful in reducing ventilator-associated pneumonia.
Beyond Total Cost of Ownership: Applying Balanced Scorecards to Open-Source Software
Authors: Luigi Lavazza
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Software Engineering Advances (2007)

Potential users of Open Source Software (OSS) face the problem of evaluating OSS, in order to assess the convenience of adopting OSS instead of commercial software, or to choose among different OSS proposals. Different metrics were defined, addressing different OSS properties: the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) addresses the cost of acquiring, adapting and operating OSS; the Total Account Ownership (TAO) represents the degree of freedom of the user with respect to the technology provider; indexes like the Open Business Quality Rating (Open BQR) assess the quality of the software with respect to the user's needs. However, none of the proposed methods and models addresses all the aspects of OSS in a balanced and complete way. For this purpose, the paper explores the possibility of adapting the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) technique to OSS. A preliminary definition of the BSC for OSS is given and discussed.
Estimation of Electromigration-Aggravating Narrow Interconnects Using a Layout Sensitivity Model
Authors: Rani S. Ghaida, Payman Zarkesh-Ha
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd IEEE International Symposium on Defect and Fault-Tolerance in VLSI Systems (2007)

During semiconductor manufacturing, particles undesirably depose on the surface of the wafer causing "open" and "short" defects to interconnects. In this paper, a third type of defects called "interconnect narrowing" defect is defined. Interconnect narrowing occurs when a defect intervenes the lithographic printing of interconnects causing the formation of a narrow interconnect. The narrow sites of defective interconnects favor electromigration that makes narrow interconnects more likely to induce a chip failure than regular interconnects. In this paper, a layout sensitivity model accounting for narrowing defects is derived. A methodology for predicting the probability of narrow interconnects using the sensitivity model is then proposed. The layout sensitivity model for narrow interconnects is tested and compared to actual and simulated data. Our layout sensitivity model for narrow interconnects predicts the probability of narrowing with 3.1% error, on average. The model is then combined with electromigration constraints to predict mean-time-to-failure of chips manufactured in future technology down to 32nm node. The paper concludes with some other possible applications of the narrow interconnect predictive model.
A Two-Level Diagnostic Model for Digital Systems
Authors: J. A. McPherson
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (1979)

This paper is concerned with the diagnosis of faulty parts in digital systems, including both the detection and location of such parts. The system model presented in this paper considers two levels: the part level at which detectability and diagnosability are defined, and the fault level at which testing is performed and at which functional units or portions thereof are defined. Parameters are defined and used in determining conditions for t-part detectability, t-part diagnosability without repair, and t-part diagnosability with repair. Several examples are presented with the development of the model and derivation of results. These examples illustrate the advantages and limitations of this model.
Performance of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks with Random and Predetermined Mobility Patterns using OPNET: Preliminary Results
Authors: Dan P. Denson, Suresh Muknahallipatna, Margareta Stefanovic
Venue: Proceedings of the 32nd IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks (2007)

By definition the nodes in mobile ad hoc networks move from one location to another in either a random or predetermined pattern. The performance of a mobile ad hoc network is dependent on the node mobility pattern as well as topology, data traffic patterns, and radio interference. A group of nodes using a particular type of mobility pattern will form a network without any preexisting network infrastructure. In this paper, we present preliminary results of a mobile ad hoc network with random and predetermined mobility pattern based on the reference point group mobility model. Since it is difficult to obtain a real mobility pattern, we first demonstrate the development of a predetermined synthetic mobility pattern using OPNET as a discrete event simulator. Next, using the predetermined synthetic and random mobility patterns, we demonstrate the importance of one of the operating parameters namely position update interval on the capability of the nodes to follow the desired mobility pattern.
An Algorithm for Testing Random Access Memories
Authors: J. ,  Jr. Knaizuk
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (1977)

This correspondence presents an optimal algorithm to detect any single stuck-at-1 (s-a-1), stuck-at-0 (s-a-0) fault in a random access memory using only the n-bit memory address register input and m-bit memory buffer register input and output lines. It is shown that this algorithm requires 4 X 2nmemory accesses.
Computer System Instrumentation and Performance Measurement
Authors: J. E. Shemer
Venue: Computer (1972)

Since the beginning of time, man has sought knowledge to explain phenomena and new techniques to simplify his tasks. In these quests, he has ultimately dealt with four basic questions: 1) What is the problem? 2) How may the problem be solved? 3) How applicable is a given solution? and 4) Why does a solution yield a particular set of results? Technological evolution has occurred because man has been motivated to ask and resolve such questions.
3D object reconstruction using voxel coloring with mean charts color consistency checking
Authors: Rudy Adipranata, Yun Tae Soo
Venue: Proceedings of the third conference on IASTED International Conference: Advances in Computer Science and Technology (2007)

This paper implements the reconstruction of 3D object from real scene input images using voxel coloring. We proposed new color consistency checking formula in voxel coloring by using mean charts. Using this color consistency checking, the system do not require to be given parameters as constant threshold input and the system can reconstruct more detail than using original color consistency checking formula using threshold on standard deviation of image pixels value. Photorealistic 3D object reconstruction is an active area in computer graphics. Input of this system is multiple photographs which are taken from multiple view points of scene. And then the object in the photographs will be projected back to the 3D coordinate and applied voxel coloring method to reconstruct and view the object in 3D. Voxel coloring works by discretizing scene space into voxels, the smallest unit in 3D, then traversed and colored in specific order. The output of voxel coloring is a collection of voxels that represent the object. Those voxels can be rendered to get a new view of that object. To determine whether voxel has to be colored or be emptied, some color consistency checking formula must be used. The original color consistency checking formula is standard deviation calculation of all image pixels which voxel has been projected and compare it with constant threshold which is defined by user. This constant threshold must be chosen carefully because wrong value can cause defect reconstruction. We propose new color consistency checking using mean charts which do not require user to choose constant threshold input.