ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
eGIF4M: eGovernment Interoperability Framework for Mozambique
Authors: Pavel Shvaiko, Adolfo Villafiorita, Alessandro Zorer, Lourino Chemane, Teotónio Fumo, Jussi Hinkkanen
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Electronic Government (2009)

Harmonizing decentralized development of ICT solutions with centralized strategies, e.g., meant to favor reuse and optimization of resources, is a complex technical and organizational challenge. The problem, shared by virtually all the governments, is becoming a priority also for countries, such as Mozambique, that have started their ICT policy relatively recently and for which it is now evident that -- if no particular attention is devoted to the interoperability of the solutions being developed -- the result will rapidly become a patchwork of solutions incompatible with each other. The focus of the paper is on formulation of eGIF4M: eGovernment Interoperability Framework for Mozambique. The framework is based on a holistic approach. It builds on top of the existing experiences in eGIFs all over the world and it addresses some specific needs and peculiarities of developing countries, like Mozambique. The result is a comprehensive framework based on: (i) a reference architecture along with technical standards, (ii) a standardization life cycle, (iii) a maturity model, and (iv) some key actions meant to make the initiative sustainable in the longer term.
Evidence Based Design of Heuristics for Computer Assisted Assessment
Authors: Gavin Sim, Janet C. Read, Gilbert Cockton
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th IFIP TC 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Part I (2009)

The use of heuristics for the evaluation of interfaces is a well studied area. Currently there appear to be two main research areas in relation to heuristics: the analysis of methods to improve the effectiveness of heuristic evaluations; and the development of new heuristic sets for novel and specialised domains. This paper proposes an evidence based design approach to the development of domain specific heuristics and shows how this method was applied within the context of computer assisted assessment. A corpus of usability problems was created through a series of student surveys, heuristic evaluations, and a review of the literature. This corpus was then used to synthesise a set of domain specific heuristics for evaluating CAA applications. The paper describes the process, and presents a new set of heuristics for evaluating CAA applications.
Avoiding unbounded priority inversion in barrier protocols using gang priority management
Authors: Harald Röck, Joshua Auerbach, Christoph M. Kirsch, David F. Bacon
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Java Technologies for Real-Time and Embedded Systems (2009)

Large real-time software systems such as real-time Java virtual machines often use barrier protocols, which work for a dynamically varying number of threads without using centralized locking. Such barrier protocols, however, still suffer from priority inversion similar to centralized locking. We introduce gang priority management as a generic solution for avoiding unbounded priority inversion in barrier protocols. Our approach is either kernel-assisted (for efficiency) or library-based (for portability) but involves cooperation from the protocol designer (for generality). We implemented gang priority management in the Linux kernel and rewrote the garbage collection safe-point barrier protocol in IBM's WebSphere Real Time Java Virtual Machine to exploit it. We run experiments on an 8-way SMP machine in a multi-user and multi-process environment, and show that by avoiding unbounded priority inversion, the maximum latency to reach a barrier point is reduced by a factor of 5.3 and the application jitter is reduced by a factor of 1.5.
Performance Evaluation of a Privacy-Enhancing Framework for Personalized Websites
Authors: Yang Wang, Alfred Kobsa
Venue: Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on User Modeling, Adaptation, and Personalization: formerly UM and AH (2009)

Reconciling personalization with privacy has been a continuing interest in the user modeling community. In prior work, we proposed a dynamic privacy-enhancing user modeling framework based on a software product line architecture (PLA). Our system dynamically selects personalization methods during runtime that respect users' current privacy preferences as well as the prevailing privacy laws and regulations. One major concern about our approach is its performance since dynamic architectural reconfiguration during runtime is usually resource-intensive. In this paper, we describe four implementations of our system that vary two factors, and an in-depth performance evaluation thereof under realistic workload conditions. Our study shows that a customized version performs better than the original PLA implementation, that a multi-level caching mechanism improves both versions, and that the customized version with caching performs best. The average handling time per user session is less than 0.2 seconds for all versions except the original PLA implementation. Overall, our results demonstrate that with a reasonable number of networked hosts in a cloud computing environment, an internationally operating website can use our dynamic PLA-based user modeling approach to personalize their user services, and at the same time respect the individual privacy desires of their users as well as the privacy norms that may apply.
A Real-time Motion Target Detecting and Tracking System Based on TMS320DM642
Authors: Xie Qin-lan
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 WRI Global Congress on Intelligent Systems - Volume 03 (2009)

For the superior tracking performance of real-time and robustness obtained with low computational complexity, CAMShift Algorithm is of great importance in video tracking. However, it’s a semi-automatic tracker, which is in need of judging and recognizing target by manual. In this paper, an automatic tracking system has been designed by the means of combining differencing-frame and CAMShift. Firstly, foreground/background is detected through sequential double-differencing-three-frame method. The CAMShift Algorithm is then used to calculate the exact location of the target and adjust the size of search window. The location information is transformed into the characters and sent via the serial port lastly, to control the tracker for maintaining the target being always visible in the scene. The algorithm has been implemented on the hardware with the core of DM642. Our experimental results show that, the system is efficient as a video tracker without human under high contrast environment.
Implementation of Recurrence Calculation on a Heterogeneous Multicore Processor
Authors: Akiyoshi Wakatani
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Eigth IEEE/ACIS International Conference on Computer and Information Science (2009)

Heterogeneous multi core architectures are considered as a prominent next generation processor. Cell B.E. (Broadband Engine) was originally designed for a processor suitable for streaming applications such as media processing, but it also can be applied to other high performance computing applications. In order to confirm the effectiveness of the Cell B.E. for other HPC applications, the parallel version of recurrence equation solver and SAXPY routine are implemented and evaluated on the system using the processor.By using the overlapping technique of the DMA processing and the computation, the performance of over 1400 MFLOPS can be achieved with the array size of 107 for the SAXPY routine. On the other hand, a recurrence equation is one of algorithms which cannot be parallelized straightforwardly. We implement it on the Cell B.E. by using the P-scheme algorithm and achieves the speedup of about 4 with 6 SPEs compared with the normal solver with using 1 PPE.
Exploring IBM Accelerators for WebSphere Portal
Authors: Jim Hoskins
Venue:  (2009)

Increasingly, the "window" through which customers, business partners, and employees view a business is a computer screen. Expectations as to what a business provides in terms of online access to services through this window or portal are increasing rapidly. And it's not enough to provide people with a consistent way of accessing the online tools they need to work, collaborate, or buy. Today's businesses stand to achieve many benefits by implementing an enterprise-class portal that provides consistent access to customized tools that improve productivity, fuel innovation, and improve customer satisfaction. This is the thinking behind the growing family of IBM accelerators for WebSphere Portal. This book provides business people and IT staff with an easy-to-read introduction to the IBM accelerators. It will start by introducing the concept of a portal, the WebSphere family, and WebSphere Portal Server. Each IBM accelerator will then be introduced and explored in terms of both the business value it provides and how it works. To illustrate how the IBM accelerators can be employed to solve business problems, three hypothetical businesses are described and then outfitted with the appropriate IBM accelerator solution. This book will help you: Understand how portals can help businesses be more successful. Learn about IBM WebSphere and WebSphere Portal Server. Get inside the IBM accelerator strategy. See the business value of IBM accelerators in various environments. Learn by watching as three businesses implement IBM accelerators. About the Author Jim Hoskins has been involved with computer technology design, implementation, and education for over 25 years. He is the author of many articles, books, and ebooks covering a wide range of technology and Internet business topics. Jim spent over a decade with IBM designing computer systems and directly helping businesses of all sizes design and implement real-world solutions. He is the author/editor of the popular "Exploring IBM" series of books, which has sold over 350,000 copies in 12 languages. Jim has a degree in electrical engineering from the University of Florida and resides in Gulf Breeze, Florida with his wife and five children. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Time Frequency Neighborhood Signals De-noise Method in Ultrasonic Inspection
Authors: Gaohua Liao, Dehui Liu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation - Volume 01 (2009)

In the process of ultrasonic testing, the quality of flaw echo signals in A-scan lay a better determinant foundation for location, quantitative and qualitative valuation. Flaw echo signal exited the characteristics of electrical noise, scattering noise in ultrasonic testing, which was sometimes very difficult to eliminate. Considering the distinct-ness of distribution between defects signals and noises, a time frequency neighborhood de-noise method based on wavelet packet transform was presented. Study mathematics properties of flaw echo signals and analyze the composition of noises and their characters in ultrasonic echo signals. According to the noise level and the variance in a neighborhood region, we presented an algorithm that wavelet transform coefficients of noise were filtered by changing threshold on the different scale and reconstructed the detection echo in order to enhance signal-to-noise ratio. Experiments with both simulated signals and measured signals have been carried out, and the result show that due to making the best use of the information of time and frequency domain at the same time in ultrasonic echo signals, this method can improve the signal noise ratio and the distinguish ability between signals of different defects classes, and suppress energy attenuation as well as signal distortion efficiently. And flaw location accuracy and longitudinal resolution are advanced too.
A Fault Tolerant Bufferless Optical Interconnection Network
Authors: Qi Xingyun, Feng Quanyou, Chen Yongran, Dou Qiang, Dou Wenhua
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Eigth IEEE/ACIS International Conference on Computer and Information Science (2009)

In the high performance computer systems, optical interconnections are being used in recent years for improving the perform-ance. With the increase of the number of nodes in the system, as well as the increasing demand for high bandwidth and low latency, a few error nodes would result in the failures of whole interconnection system. So it is necessary for the optical interconnection to have the fault tolerance capability. A fault tolerant bufferless optical interconnection network named FT-BOIN is brought forward and the corresponding routing algo-rithms are brought forward. In the FT-BOIN, the intermediate nodes need neither to perform O-E/E-O conversion nor to buffer packets. This characteristic greatly improves the performance of the optical network. The simulation shows that FT-BOIN has outstanding fault tolerance performance, and can route packets in the network with nodes failure.
Application of Gray Level Variation Statistic in Gastroscopic Image Retrieval
Authors: Chengyu Wu, Xiaoying Tai
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Eigth IEEE/ACIS International Conference on Computer and Information Science (2009)

Content-based medical image retrieval is getting more and more importance in aspect of clinical assistant diagnose. In this paper a system for gastroscopic image retrieval is developed which is available to support clinical decision making. First a new method based on texture feature is proposed which statistic the gray level variation of each pixel in 3x3 domain. And then Earth Mover’s Distance is used to calculate the dissimilarity. Meanwhile，a method combining both color and texture is proposed to carry out integrate retrieval. Finally, some contrast experiments are designed in the retrieval accuracies，the rank and the execution time. The comparison of the experimental results shows that the approach proposed in this paper is effective.
EFFICIENT VISIBILITY FOR DISTRIBUTED VIRTUAL URBAN ENVIRONMENTS: Based on Occlusion Culling Method
Authors: Gurkan Kolda
Venue:  (2009)

This book focuses on the utilization of occlusion culling for the real-time visualization of distributed virtual urban environments. Today's graphics hardware renders all the primitives in any order and uses z-buffer to determine which primitives are visible on a per-pixel basis. However, visibility is computed in the last stage of rendering pipeline and every rendered primitive is not visible in the final image. Early culling of the invisible primitives in a complex scene is valuable for efficiency in the conventional rendering pipeline. This may reduce the number of primitives that will be processed in the rest of the pipeline. In this work, we propose an efficient visibility estimation method for distributed virtual urban environments. The proposed method is based on occlusion culling to identify and cull the occluded parts of the scene. This not only computes conservative potential visible set (PVS) for each client but also assures the computed PVS to be available at the client on-time and reduces the network traffic by grouping the clients which may see each others dynamically. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Evaluation of Accumulating Pattern of Human States Using HMM
Authors: Santoso Handri, Shusaku Nomura, Kazuo Nakamura
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Biometrics and Kansei Engineering (2009)

The impact of extensively usage visual display terminal (VDT) on automatic nervous system are observed and analyzed based on physiological information, i.e., electroencephalogram (EEG), heart rate variability (HRV) and thermograph. Two types of experiment which have different intermittent schedule were conducted using the Kraepelin psycho diagnostic test. The purpose is to determine the given task towards effect of human mental states. The principal component analysis (PCA) and hidden Markov model (HMM) are then employed to differentiate the accumulation of human states condition among participants in two types of experiments. This experiment is conducted based on the assumption that the work schedule might have effect to the mental health problem.
Numerical representation of geostrophic modes on arbitrarily structured C-grids
Authors: J. Thuburn, T. D. Ringler, W. C. Skamarock, J. B. Klemp
Venue: Journal of Computational Physics (2009)

A C-grid staggering, in which the mass variable is stored at cell centers and the normal velocity component is stored at cell faces (or edges in two dimensions) is attractive for atmospheric modeling since it enables a relatively accurate representation of fast wave modes. However, the discretization of the Coriolis terms is non-trivial. For constant Coriolis parameter, the linearized shallow water equations support geostrophic modes: stationary solutions in geostrophic balance. A naive discretization of the Coriolis terms can cause geostrophic modes to become non-stationary, causing unphysical behaviour of numerical solutions. Recent work has shown how to discretize the Coriolis terms on a planar regular hexagonal grid to ensure that geostrophic modes are stationary while the Coriolis terms remain energy conserving. In this paper this result is extended to arbitrarily structured C-grids. An explicit formula is given for constructing an appropriate discretization of the Coriolis terms. The general formula is illustrated by showing that it recovers previously known results for the planar regular hexagonal C-grid and the spherical longitude-latitude C-grid. Numerical calculation confirms that the scheme does indeed give stationary geostrophic modes for the hexagonal-pentagonal and triangular geodesic C-grids on the sphere.
Integrated Information Architectures for Space Missions
Authors: Leo Hartman
Venue: Proceedings of the Third IEEE International Conference on Space Mission Challenges for Information Technology (2009)

Current information management solutions for space missions are heavily based on manual operations. An integrated information architecture that addresses challenges of mission development and operations can reduce this burden and allow people to maximize their contribution to the mission.
Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Symposium on Integrated Circuits and System Design: Chip on the Dunes
Venue: SBCCI (2009)

On behalf of the Organizing Committee, it is our pleasure to warmly welcome you all to the 22nd Symposium on Integrated Circuits and Systems Design (SBCCI) in the beautiful Natal, a city rich in cultural and natural beaches. Nine years ago, in the year 2000, in Manaus --- Brazil, the SBCCI - Symposium on Integrated Circuits and System Design and the SBMICRO - Symposium on Microelectronics Technology and Devices have joined and inaugurated together the most important South Hemisphere forum for the presentation of research results and experience reports on leading edge issues on integrated circuits and systems technology, design and test. Since then, this forum has been named based on the region where it was held. It has started with Chip in the Jungle in 2000. In 2001, the SForum --- Microelectronics Student Forum, joined SBCCI and SBMicro. Chip in the Pampa I was held in Porto Alegre in 2002, Chip in Sampa --- held in Sao Paulo in 2003, Chip on the Reefs --- held in Porto de Galinhas in 2004, Chip on the Island --- held in Florianopolis in 2005, Chip on the Mountains --- held in Ouro Preto in 2006, Chip in Rio --- held in Rio de Janeiro 2007 and Chip in the Pampa II --- held in Gramado last year. Now we are back to the Northeast part of Brazil with the Chip on the Dunes, and we welcome all of you to Natal for the 22nd edition of SBCCI, the 24th edition of SBMicro, and the 9th edition of the SForum. Natal is the capital of the state of Rio Grande do Norte, in the northeastern Brazil. It is one of the top tourist and convention destinations in Brazil. Natal has a warm weather with an around-the-year sun and is surrounded by beautiful and sandy beaches.
Key Issues in EA-Implementation: Case Study of Two Finnish Government Agencies
Authors: Ville Seppanen, Jukka Heikkila, Katja Liimatainen
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE Conference on Commerce and Enterprise Computing (2009)

Enterprise Architecture (EA) is getting more common also in public sector as a means to ensure ‘business’ and IT alignment. This study reports a follow-up and theme interviews of the key actors/informants in two EA projects in public administration offices during and half year after the projects were completed. The early experience shows that the process of establishing a government EA is a tedious and complicated process and this study considers the root causes. Three set of factors are found hindering EA’s potential to operate as a strategic alignment tool: lack of establishing proper EA governance, insufficient support for the development, and inadequate resources to do the former two.
Live migration of direct-access devices
Authors: Asim Kadav, Michael M. Swift
Venue: ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review (2009)

Virtual machine migration greatly aids management by allowing flexible provisioning of resources and decommissioning of hardware for maintenance. However, efforts to improve network performance by granting virtual machines direct access to hardware currently prevent migration. This occurs because (1) theVMMcannot migrate the state of the device, and (2) the source and destination machines may have different network devices, requiring different drivers to run in the migrated virtual machine. In this paper, we describe a lightweight software mechanism for migrating virtual machines with direct hardware access. We base our solution on shadow drivers, an agent in the guest OS kernel that efficiently captures and restores the state of a device driver. On the source machine, the shadow driver monitors the state of the driver and device. After migration, the shadow driver uses this information to configure a driver for the corresponding device on the destination machine. We implement shadow driver migration for Linux network drivers running on the Xen hypervisor. Shadow driver migration requires a migration downtime similar to the driver initialization time, short enough to avoid disrupting active TCP connections. We find that the performance overhead, compared to direct hardware access, is negligible and is much lower than using a virtual NIC.
A Logical Inference Approach to Query Expansion with Social Tags
Authors: Christina Lioma, Roi Blanco, Marie-Francine Moens
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Theory of Information Retrieval: Advances in Information Retrieval Theory (2009)

Query Expansion (QE) refers to the Information Retrieval (IR) technique of adding assumed relevant terms to a query in order to render it more informative, and hence more likely to retrieve relevant documents. A key problem is how to identify the terms to be added, and how to integrate them into the original query. We address this problem by using as expansion terms social tags that are freely available on the Web. We integrate these tags into the query by treating the QE process as a logical inference (initially proposed in [3]) and by considering the addition of tags as an extra deduction to this process. This work extends Nie's logical inference formalisation of QE to process social tags, and proposes an estimation of tag salience, which is experimentally shown to yield competitive retrieval performance.