ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Proceedings of the 2nd international workshop on The role of abstraction in software engineering
Venue: International Conference on Software Engineering (2008)

It is our great pleasure to welcome you to the 2nd Workshop on The Role of Abstraction in Software Engineering (ROA). Abstraction is a central topic both in Computer Science and in Software Engineering. It is a cognitive means according to which, in order to overcome complexity at a specific stage of a problem solving situation, we concentrate on the essential features of our subject of thought, and ignore irrelevant details. Abstraction is especially essential in solving complex problems as it enables the problem solver to think in terms of conceptual ideas rather than in terms of their details. The first workshop on the Role of Abstraction in Software Engineering was held in conjunction with ICSE 2006 - the 28th International Conference on Software Engineering with a subsequent report in ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes. In this workshop, based on the accepted papers and several activities, we continue to explore the potential benefits, as well as the barriers, of using abstraction in software engineering. The one-day workshop consists of theory- and practice-based presentations, group work and discussions. It is envisaged that the workshop will contribute to the state of software engineering research, practice and teaching. The workshop consists of three parts: Abstraction in software engineering processes, educational perspective of abstraction and the nature of abstraction. In each part, papers will be presented in order to facilitate the discussions and activities. The call for papers attracted 9 submissions. The program committee accepted 7 papers. We would like to express our gratitude to the program committee -- Daniel M. Berry, Shing Chi Cheung, Yael Dubinsky, Carlo Ghezzi, Leah Goldin, Frank Maurer, Tetsuo Tamai, Sebastian Uchitel and Axel van Lamsweerde -- for their cooperation. We would like to thank also the authors for providing the content of the program.
Artificial neural network prediction of clozapine response with combined pharmacogenetic and clinical data
Authors: Chao-Cheng Lin, Ying-Chieh Wang, Jen-Yeu Chen, Ying-Jay Liou, Ya-Mei Bai, I-Ching Lai, Tzu-Ting Chen, Hung-Wen Chiu, Yu-Chuan Li
Venue: Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine (2008)

Although one third to one half of refractory schizophrenic patients responds to clozapine, however, there are few evidences currently that could predict clozapine response before the use of the medication. The present study aimed to train and validate artificial neural networks (ANN), using clinical and pharmacogenetic data, to predict clozapine response in schizophrenic patients. Five pharmacogenetic variables and five clinical variables were collated from 93 schizophrenic patients taking clozapine, including 26 responders. ANN analysis was carried out by training the network with data from 75% of cases and subsequently testing with data from 25% of unseen cases to determine the optimal ANN architecture. Then the leave-one-out method was used to examine the generalization of the models. The optimal ANN architecture was found to be a standard feed-forward, fully-connected, back-propagation multilayer perceptron. The overall accuracy rate of ANN was 83.3%, which is higher than that of logistic regression (LR) (70.8%). By using the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve as a measure of performance, the ANN outperformed the LR (0.821+/-0.054 versus 0.579+/-0.068; p
Detection of Long Term Variations of Heart Rate Variability in Normal Sinus Rhythm and Atrial Fibrillation ECG Data
Authors: Desok Kim, Yunhwan Seo, Woo Ram Jung, Chan-Hyun Youn
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on BioMedical Engineering and Informatics - Volume 02 (2008)

Circadian variations of heart rate variability (HRV) have been well known in cardiac diseases. However, long term HRV features were not thoroughly investigated for the prediction of atrial fibrillation (AF). Thus, we analyzed the 15 hour long changes of HRV of normal sinus rhythm (NSR) and AF data. Long term patterns of HRV in NSR were established first and normal data of AF were shown different to NSR. Due to long term changes of HRV patterns, two formulas were provided higher accuracy (93%) than single formula (79%) in detecting normal data of AF. Furthermore, HRV features representing 5 and 30 min before the AF onset showed significant temporal changes and the dynamics of these changes were also different depending on the recording periods. These data suggest that the onset of AF could be predicted more accurately by considering the long term temporal variations of HRV features.
A Miniature Tactor Design for Upper Extremity Prosthesis
Authors: Keehoon Kim, J. Edward Colgate, Michael A. Peshkin, Julio J. Santos-Munné, Alex Makhlin
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 Frontiers in the Convergence of Bioscience and Information Technologies (2007)

We have been developing a miniature haptic device -a tactor -that can display pressure, vibration, shear force, and temperature to the skin of upper extremity amputees, especially those who have undergone targeted nerve reinnervation (TRI) surgery. In TRI patients, regions of the reinnervated skin are perceived as being on the phantom hand. This paper presents the mechanical design of the tactor.
A traffic model of online surveying based upon national teachers' investigation
Authors: Hsieh-Hua Yang, Jui-Chen Yu, Hung-Jen Yang, Yao-Ming Chu
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th WSEAS International Conference on APPLIED MATHEMATICS (2006)

The purpose of this study was to identify the on-line survey procedure for the needs assessment of teachers' on-job training. Based on the implementing experience and statistical analysis, a model of on-line surveying was reported. There are two major programs for teacher education in Taiwan. One is pre-service program; the courses system would be designed and revised on the semester basis. The other one is on-the-job training program. The courses offered would be based upon teachers' professional reflections and the periodic revisions of courses are necessary to catch up with teachers' needs. There are more than two hundreds thousands teachers in Taiwan. It is a challenge to establish a stable system of on-line surveying that can provide effective response to the entire teacher. During February 24, 2006 and March 19 2006, the on-line survey of teachers' in-service needs was conducted through the formal notification of ministry of education. there were 1,884 schools and 54,361 teachers accomplishing the on-line survey. There were total twelve questionnaires designed. Six questionnaires were designed for six categories of school and six questionnaires were designed for six categories of teachers. Those categories were kindergarten, elementary, junior high, high school, vocational high, special education. The survey instruments were evaluated through both panel discussion and experts' evaluation. A pilot field test was also conducted. A field test method was applied to design the distribution of the on-line surveying. A web-stress evaluation was used for planning the distribution of web servers. The online system development method was discussed. The concept of technology method was presented as the implication of conducting this online survey project.
Using frames for knowledge representation in a CORBA-based distributed environment
Authors: Milko Marinov
Venue: Knowledge-Based Systems (2008)

Frame knowledge model provides a natural way of clustering knowledge and particularly dynamic rules around frames which in turn provides the natural way of distributing knowledge among networks hosts. Frame knowledge representation is very similar to traditional object-oriented approach. In the present paper the general features of the frames are considered. The basic principles and the architecture of the software tool for constructing knowledge-based systems are discussed. The application of planning techniques to maintain the frame hierarchy model is specified and further developed by defining a generalized algorithm of the Planner and Executor.
Dependence of frequency of convective cloud occurrence on the orbital drift of satellites
Authors: A. Devasthale, H. Grassl
Venue: International Journal of Remote Sensing (2007)

Deriving accurate time-series of cloud cover from satellite sensor data still remains a challenging task. The instruments onboard polar orbiting NOAA satellites offer the opportunity to prepare cloud climatology on a global scale; however, the orbital drifts of these satellites can introduce uncertainty when deriving such cloud climatology. The aim of this letter is to point out the importance and to estimate the impact of orbital drift on long-term time-series of the observation of convective cloud frequency of occurrence. The 20 years of daytime AVHRR data from over the Indian subcontinent for the summer monsoon season is used in this study. All four AVHRRs onboard NOAA-7, -9, -11, and -14 satellites show positive correlation between increased cloud frequency and the delay in equator crossing-times during their lifetime. This increase is significant over land, but over the ocean, there is no discernible effect. This effect should be considered to avoid spurious trends in cloud cover. Further in-depth investigations are needed to make possible corrections.
The Impact of Communication between CEOs and CIOs on their Shared Views of the Current and Future Role of IT
Authors: Alice M. Johnson, Albert L. Lederer
Venue: Information Systems Management (2007)

This research compares the views of CEOs and CIOs in the same organizations about the relative richness of four communications media (face-to-face, e-mail, business memo, telephone), and the current and future roles of IT in their organizations. Overall, CEOs are found to be more optimistic about the expected impacts of future IT projects. Organizations in which there was greater shared vision about the future role of IT also reported more frequent CEO/CIO communications utilizing communications channels perceived to be richer: face-to-face and e-mail.
Computational D-module theory with singular, comparison with other systems and two new algorithms
Authors: Viktor Levandovskyy, Jorge Martin Morales
Venue: Proceedings of the twenty-first international symposium on Symbolic and algebraic computation (2008)

We present the new implementation of core functions for the computational D-module theory. It is realized as a library dmod.lib in the computer algebra system Singular. We show both theoretical advances, such as the LOT and checkRoot algorithms as well as the comparison of our implementation with other packages for D-modules in computer algebra systems kan/sm1, Asir and Macaulay. The comparison indicates, that our implementation is among the fastest ones. With our package we are able to solve several challenges in D-module theory and we demonstrate the answers to these problems.
Avoiding Another AI Winter
Authors: James Hendler
Venue: IEEE Intelligent Systems (2008)

Is artificial intelligence headed for another AI Winter? Not if we take action now.
A window width optimized S-transform
Authors: Ervin Sejdic, Igor Djurovic, Jin Jiang
Venue: EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing (2008)

Energy concentration of the S-transform in the time-frequency domain has been addressed in this paper by optimizing the width of the window function used. A new scheme is developed and referred to as a window width optimized S-transform. Two optimization schemes have been proposed, one for a constant window width, the other for time-varying window width. The former is intended for signals with constant or slowly varying frequencies, while the latter can deal with signals with fast changing frequency components. The proposed scheme has been evaluated using a set of test signals. The results have indicated that the new scheme can provide much improved energy concentration in the time-frequency domain in comparison with the standard S-transform. It is also shown using the test signals that the proposed scheme can lead to higher energy concentration in comparison with other standard linear techniques, such as short-time Fourier transform and its adaptive forms. Finally, the method has been demonstrated on engine knock signal analysis to show its effectiveness.
Fusion of Face and Gait for Automatic Human Recognition
Authors: Rabia Jafri, Hamid R. Arabnia
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Information Technology: New Generations (2008)

In recent years, several techniques have been proposed which integrate face, a physical biometric, with gait, a behavioral biometric, with the aim of investigating if such a combination will improve upon the performance of methods which exclusively employ only one of these biometrics. An overview of some of the well-known approaches in this area, along with a discussion of the advantages offered and the challenges faced by such systems, is provided in this paper and the potential of this technology for further research and application is explored.
Enforcement, Recognition, and Compliance with OADR Outcome(s)
Authors: Haitham Haloush
Venue: International Review of Law, Computers and Technology (2007)

Electronic commerce is important, and perhaps, inevitable. Thus to consider the legal implications of enforcement, recognition and compliance with online alternative dispute resolution (OADR) is essential. However, in analysing enforcement, recognition and compliance with OADR, one must contemplate primarily the value of fair process which OADR solutions are subject to, and the value of efficiency which OADR solutions are seen to achieve. without which the OADR outcome(s) will be cast in doubt. Clearly, there is no point in discussing applicable remedies to internet disputes without promoting at the same time appropriate enforcement mechanisms. From this perspective, OADR could be viewed as an exercise in futility if there is no efficient mechanism in place to enforce the outcome(s). Indeed, access to justice is only meaningful where the outcome(s) of the OADR proceedings can be enforced. Enforcement of OADR outcome(s) poses no problem when it is in the interest of both parties to fulfil their agreement. However, the enforcement difficulties associated with global networks may suggest that enforcement can be best achieved through technological measures. In fact, where small amounts of money are involved, as it is the case in most internet disputes, and where an e-business, most probably, will have no assets within the jurisdictional reach of the internet user, providing some other means to minimise the problem of enforceability, such as technological measures, becomes pressing. In advancing this issue, this article will find out whether the internet itself, without governmental back up effort, can be viewed as an effective enforcement tool in cyberspace. However, accountability in OADR may be based around institutional arrangements and not the medium, i.e., the internet. Consequently, where appropriate, this article will proceed to discuss the governmental role in OADR enforcement through its court system, since enforcement in OADR schemes might depend on having a contract or award that would be recognised by a court of law. This article concludes that at present, enforceability of outcome(s) is the weakest point of OADR procedures. Thus, it is important to recognise that in the modernisation of the ADR procedures in the form of OADR, one must take care not to diminish its legality.
Assessing water renewal time scales for marine environments from three-dimensional modelling: A case study for Hervey Bay, Australia
Authors: Joachim Ribbe, Jörg-Olaf Wolff, Joanna Staneva, Ulf Gräwe
Venue: Environmental Modelling Software (2008)

We apply the three-dimensional COupled Hydrodynamical Ecological model for REgioNal Shelf seas (COHERENS) to compute water renewal time scales for Hervey Bay, a large coastal embayment situated off the central eastern coast of Australia. Water renewal time scales are not directly observable but are derived indirectly from computational studies. Improved knowledge of these time scales assists in evaluating the water quality of coastal environments and can be utilised in sustainable marine resource management. Results from simulations with climatological September forcing are presented and compared to cruise data reported by Ribbe (2006. A study into the export of saline water from Hervey Bay, Australia. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 66, 550-558). A series of simulations using idealised forcing provides detailed insight into water renewal pathways and regional differences in renewal timescales. We find that more than 85% of the coastal embayment's water is fully renewed within about 50-80 days. The eastern and western shallow coastal regions are ventilated more rapidly than the central, deeper part of the domain. The climatological simulation yields temperature and salinity patterns that are consistent with the observed situation and water renewal time scales in the range of those derived from idealised model studies. While the reported simulations involve many simplifications, the global assessment of the renewal time scale is in the range of a previous estimate derived for this coastal embayment from a simpler model and observational data.
On a graph coloring problem arising from discrete tomography
Authors: C. Bentz, M. C. Costa, D. de Werra, C. Picouleau, B. Ries
Venue: Networks (2008)

An extension of the basic image reconstruction problem in discrete tomography is considered: given a graph G = (V,E) and a family $\cal {P}$ of chains Pi together with vectors h(Pi) = (h i1,&hellip;,h ik), one wants to find a partition V1,&hellip;,Vk of V such that for each Pi and each color j, |Vj &cap; Pi| = h ij. An interpretation in terms of scheduling is presented. We consider special cases of graphs and identify polynomially solvable cases; general complexity results are established in this case and also in the case where V1,&hellip;,Vk is required to be a proper vertex k-coloring of G. Finally, we examine also the case of (proper) edge k-colorings and determine its complexity status. &copy; 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, 2008
Coordinated Services Provision in Peer-to-Peer Environments
Authors: Gang Chen, Chor Ping Low, Zhonghua Yang
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems (2008)

In recent years, inspired by the emerging web services standard and peer-to-peer technology, a new federated service providing (FSP) system paradigm has attracted increasing research interests. Many existing systems have either explicitly or implicitly followed this paradigm. Instead of exchanging files, peers in FSP systems share their computation resources in order to offer domain-specific services. In this paper, we focused on a coordination problem as how to self-organize the service group structures in response to the varying service demand. We presented our solution in the form of a coordination mechanism, which includes a labor-market model, a recruiting protocol, and a policy-driven decision architecture. Peers make their service providing decisions based on their local policies, which can be added, removed, or modified by users. A general methodology is introduced in this paper to facilitate policy design. Specifically, a heuristic inspired by the Extremal Optimization technique is utilized to handle potential inconsistencies among policies. A stimulus-response mechanism was further applied to make the decision process adjustable. Experiments under five application scenarios verified our ideas and demonstrated the effectiveness of our coordination mechanism.
Securing user-controlled routing infrastructures
Authors: Karthik Lakshminarayanan, Daniel Adkins, Adrian Perrig, Ion Stoica
Venue: IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON) (2008)

Designing infrastructures that give untrusted third parties (such as end-hosts) control over routing is a promising research direction for achieving flexible and efficient communication. However, serious concerns remain over the deployment of such infrastructures, particularly the new security vulnerabilities they introduce. The flexible control plane of these infrastructures can be exploited to launch many types of powerful attacks with little effort. In this paper, we make several contributions towards studying security issues in forwarding infrastructures (FIs). We present a general model for an FI, analyze potential security vulnerabilities, and present techniques to address these vulnerabilities. The main technique that we introduce in this paper is the use of simple lightweight cryptographic constraints on forwarding entries. We show that it is possible to prevent a large class of attacks on end-hosts and bound the flooding attacks that can be launched on the infrastructure nodes to a small constant value. Our mechanisms are general and apply to a variety of earlier proposals such as i3, DataRouter, and Network Pointers.
Virtual Tourist: knowledge communication in an online travel community
Authors: Jakob Linaa Jensen
Venue: International Journal of Web Based Communities (2008)

The exchange of knowledge and experience on the online travel community virtualtourist.com offers a practical example of how knowledge communication functions in web-based communities. This article takes an approach rooted in the emerging field of internet studies, combining quantitative analyses of the top-rated member postings with field research from the author's experiences as a member of the site and an analysis of the tone, themes, and aesthetic and emotional content in the member postings. The metaphor of a knowledge economy is used for the site to describe the hierarchy among members based on their activities in the community. The Virtual Tourist community can be seen as a truly global knowledge community in the sense that it brings together knowledge, identity, performance and aesthetics to communicate knowledge not only about tourism, but also about living in a global society.
Variance-Optimized Rao-Blackwellization for Mitigating Error Propagation in a Decision Feedback Equalization
Authors: Yun-Ho Lee
Venue: Proceedings of the Communication Networks and Services Research Conference (2008)

A variance-optimized Rao-Blackwellization (VO-RB) soft decision scheme is presented for mitigating error propagation in a decision feedback equalizer (DFE).The VO-RB soft decision scheme uses optimized variance for the RB decision block to minimize a cost function, instead of the tentative equalizer output variance as in the original Rao-Blackwellization approach.This VO-RB decision device can be employed stand-alone or jointly with any other soft scheme for the joint optimization of DFE filter to minimize bit error rate (BER) or other cost function.In this paper, the VO-RB is employed by itself and with scaling soft scheme for HDTV and EDGE systems, and simulation results show the performance gain of the VO-RB with/ without scaled feedback regressor over other conventional decision devices.
A Secure and Scalable Infrastructure for Inter-Organizational Data Exchange and eGovernment Applications
Authors: Jan Willemson, Arne Ansper
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 Third International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security (2008)

As more and more information becomes accessible via on-line databases, more public services can be provided and more complex queries involving several registers become feasible as well. However, not all of the digitally stored data is public and thus strict access control mechanisms must be enforced. At the same time, in order to take full advantage of on-line data sources, high availability must be achieved as well. This paper describes an infrastructure developed in Estonia to satisfy these somewhat contradictory requirements. This infrastructure (called X-Road) enables different organizations to access each other's data and rely on it when taking legally binding decisions. We discuss technical details of X-Road together with the issues arising when the infrastructure is to be implemented on national or international level.