ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Architecture specification and implementation for component-based systems
Authors: Shifeng Zhang
Venue:  (2005)

Component-Based Software Engineering (CBSE) has become an area of intense research and commercial focus with the complexity of software systems increasing. To help design component-based systems, Software Architecture (SA) has become a prospective research method and direction. SA is system-centric and views a software system as a collection of components and their interaction (connectors). Existing component middleware technologies (CTs), e.g., CORBA, DCOM, and Java Beans, provide a solid base to implement component-based systems. Those CTs are component-centric; they are primarily concerned with standardizing external component properties. Both SA and CTs are crucial aspects of CBSE, yet there has been limited interaction between the two domains in today's research. The goal of this dissertation research is to bridge the gap between SA and CTs: use existing component middleware technologies to build systems specified by software architecture technology. A component and component interaction model is presented to clarify what a component is and what component interaction is. Then, an Architecture Description Language (ADL), xSADL, is introduced that can specify and analyze the architectures of software systems at the design stage. xSADL specifies a complex software system as a collection of components and connectors. In the specification of a connector, xSADL can help designers deal with two kinds of architectural mismatches: behavior mismatch and message mismatch. Connectors often are considered to be explicit at the level of SA specifications, but implicit in CT-based implementations. Current CTs, such as CORBA, DCOM, and Java Beans, do not support explicit connector implementations. To support explicit connector implementations, a component framework, 3CoFramework, is presented in which a connector is raised to the level of a component at the implementation stage. In addition to the components and connectors, 3CoFramework also provides a management role, called a coordinator, to provide distributed component and connector management. xSADL helps to design software systems as component-based systems while 3CoFramework helps to implement the architecture designs as component-based applications. To integrate xSADL and 3CoFramework, a Computer Aided Software Engineering (CASE) tool, is presented also. The CASE tool has two purposes. First, it provides a GUI development environment to create xSADL documents. Second, it provides code generation functions to help transform xSADL designs into 3CoFramework-based implementations.
HODI: dhy udhr sayd uv HIPO
Authors: William Mengarini
Venue: ACM SIGDOC Asterisk Journal of Computer Documentation (1976)

HIPO iz u teknyk faar dayugraming dhu fungkshunl atribywts uv prosesz in u sistm. Dhu mowst distingktv port uv HIPO iz dhy inpoot-proses-awtpoot chort. Dhis tryts u proses az u fungkshn, with thingz gowing in and thingz kuming awt. Arowz or ywzd tw repryzent deytu flow. Hyr iz an egzampl:Dhis showz 3 prosesz, whic probbly or not sykwenshl, teking inpoot frum 3 faylz and prudwsing 2 awtpoot faylz. Dhy advantej uv u dayugram lavk dhis iz dhat it konsetreyts on dhy esns uv fungkshn: whut gowz in and whut kumz awt. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Computer Society Offers Full Slate of Programs in 2006
Authors: Bob Ward
Venue: Computer (2006)

To promote the active exchange of information, ideas, and technological innovation, the IEEE Computer Society sponsors a full spectrum of conferences, publications, local and student chapters, a distance learning campus, and numerous technical committees and standards working groups.
A Design Methodology for Efficient Application-Specific On-Chip Interconnects
Authors: Wai Hong Ho, Timothy Mark Pinkston
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems (2006)

As the level of chip integration continues to advance at a fast pace, the desire for efficient interconnects—whether on-chip or off-chip—is rapidly increasing. Traditional interconnects like buses, point-to-point wires, and regular topologies may suffer from poor resource sharing in the time and space domains, leading to high contention or low resource utilization. In this paper, we propose a design methodology for constructing networks for special-purpose computer systems with well-behaved (known) communication characterictics. A temporal and spatial model is proposed to define the sufficient condition for contention-free communication. Based upon this model, a design methodology using a recursive bisection technique is applied to systematically partition a parallel system such that the required number of links and switches is minimized while achieving low contention. Results show that the design methodology can generate more optimized on-chip networks with up to 60 percent fewer resources than meshes or tori while providing blocking performance closer to that of a fully connected crossbar.
Convergence of the Lagrange--Galerkin Method for the Equations Modelling the Motion of a Fluid-Rigid System
Authors: Jorge San Martín, Jean-François Scheid, Takéo Takahashi, Marius Tucsnak
Venue: SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis (2005)

In this paper, we consider a Lagrange--Galerkin scheme to approximate a two-dimensional fluid-rigid body problem. The equations of the system are the Navier--Stokes equations in the fluid part, coupled with ordinary differential equations for the dynamics of the rigid body. In this problem, the equations of the fluid are written in a domain whose variation is one of the unknowns. We introduce a numerical method based on the use of characteristics and on finite elements with a fixed mesh. Our main result asserts the convergence of this scheme.
Incompressible Navier-Stokes method with general hybrid meshes
Authors: Y. Kallinderis, H. T. Ahn
Venue: Journal of Computational Physics (2005)

A new incompressible Navier-Stokes numerical method is presented, capable of utilizing general hybrid meshes containing all four types of three-dimensional elements: hexahedra, prisms, tetrahedra, and pyramids. It is an artificial compressibility type of method using dual time stepping for time accuracy. The presented algorithms for (i) spatial discretization, (ii) time integration, and (iii) parallel implementation are transparent to the different types of elements. Further, the presence of grid interfaces between the multiple types of elements does not deteriorate accuracy of the solution. Efficient evaluation of the viscous terms is addressed via a special technique that avoids multiple spatial integration of the same edge of the mesh. An upwind spatial discretization, and a central scheme with two different formulations of the artificial dissipation operator are tested with the general hybrid meshes. Use of local blocks of hexahedra is evaluated in terms of accuracy and efficiency via simulations of high Reynolds number flows. Finally, the developed methods are implemented in parallel using partitioned general hybrid meshes and an efficient parallel communication scheme to minimize CPU time.
Job Scheduling for a Computing System
Authors: V. G. Komandrovskii
Venue: Automation and Remote Control (2005)

Jobs of a computing system are scheduled by estimating the resources and schedule lengths in a general conveyor system, forced idling of processors, and branches in two-processor homogeneous and nonhomogeneous systems via dynamic programming with regard for the rank levels of dependent jobs in their priority orgraphs. These estimates are applied to find the structure of a computing system from models with partial constraints and without constraints on resources and jobs.
Learning the semantics of multimedia queries and concepts from a small number of examples
Authors: Apostol (Paul) Natsev, Milind R. Naphade, Jelena TešiĆ
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th annual ACM international conference on Multimedia (2005)

In this paper we unify two supposedly distinct tasks in multimedia retrieval. One task involves answering queries with a few examples. The other involves learning models for semantic concepts, also with a few examples. In our view these two tasks are identical with the only differentiation being the number of examples that are available for training. Once we adopt this unified view, we then apply identical techniques for solving both problems and evaluate the performance using the NIST TRECVID benchmark evaluation data [15]. We propose a combination hypothesis of two complementary classes of techniques, a nearest neighbor model using only positive examples and a discriminative support vector machine model using both positive and negative examples. In case of queries, where negative examples are rarely provided to seed the search, we create pseudo-negative samples. We then combine the ranked lists generated by evaluating the test database using both methods, to create a final ranked list of retrieved multimedia items. We evaluate this approach for rare concept and query topic modeling using the NIST TRECVID video corpus.In both tasks we find that applying the combination hypothesis across both modeling techniques and a variety of features results in enhanced performance over any of the baseline models, as well as in improved robustness with respect to training examples and visual features. In particular, we observe an improvement of 6% for rare concept detection and 17% for the search task.
Simulation and Analysis of Network on Chip Architecture for Wireless Communication System
Authors: Sung-Rok Yoon, Sin-Chong Park
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth International Workshop on System-on-Chip for Real-Time Applications (2005)

In this paper, analysis of NoC architecture through consideration of the characteristics of wireless communication system is introduced. In this analysis, two constraint equations are used to evaluate whether the architecture is suitable for wireless communication system. In addition, a case study that applies the IEEE 802.11a in order to estimate the required number of processors is included. According to the case study, we also simulate the minimum required frequencies and buffer sizes of switches and processors.
Exploring the Relationship Between Max-Cut and Stable Set Relaxations
Authors: Monia Giandomenico, Adam N. Letchford
Venue: Mathematical Programming: Series A and B (2006)

The max-cut and stable set problems are two fundamental **-hard problems in combinatorial optimization. It has been known for a long time that any instance of the stable set problem can be easily transformed into a max-cut instance. Moreover, Laurent, Poljak, Rendl and others have shown that any convex set containing the cut polytope yields, via a suitable projection, a convex set containing the stable set polytope. We review this work, and then extend it in the following ways. We show that the rounded version of certain `positive semidefinite' inequalities for the cut polytope imply, via the same projection, a surprisingly large variety of strong valid inequalities for the stable set polytope. These include the clique, odd hole, odd antihole, web and antiweb inequalities, and various inequalities obtained from these via sequential lifting. We also examine a less general class of inequalities for the cut polytope, which we call odd clique inequalities, and show that they are, in general, much less useful for generating valid inequalities for the stable set polytope. As well as being of theoretical interest, these results have algorithmic implications. In particular, we obtain as a by-product a polynomial-time separation algorithm for a class of inequalities which includes all web inequalities.
Discriminatively Trained Markov Model for Sequence Classification
Authors: Oksana Yakhnenko, Adrian Silvescu, Vasant Honavar
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth IEEE International Conference on Data Mining (2005)

In this paper, we propose a discriminative counterpart of the directed Markov Models of order k - 1, or MM(k-1) for sequence classification. MM(k-1) models capture dependencies among neighboring elements of a sequence. The parameters of the classifiers are initialized to based on the maximum likelihood estimates for their generative counterparts. We derive gradient based update equations for the parameters of the sequence classifiers in order to maximize the conditional likelihood function. Results of our experiments with data sets drawn from biological sequence classification (specifically protein function and subcellular localization) and text classification applications show that the discriminatively trained sequence classifiers outperform their generative counterparts, confirming the benefits of discriminative training when the primary objective is classification.Our experiments also show that the discriminatively trained MM(k - 1) sequence classifiers are competitive with the computationally much more expensive Support Vector Machines trained using k-gram representations of sequences.
Integrating Hidden Markov Models and Spectral Analysis for Sensory Time Series Clustering
Authors: Jie Yin, Qiang Yang
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth IEEE International Conference on Data Mining (2005)

We present a novel approach for clustering sequences of multi-dimensional trajectory data obtained from a sensor network. The sensory time-series data present new challenges to data mining, including uneven sequence lengths, multi-dimensionality and high levels of noise. We adopt a principled approach, by first transforming all the data into an equal-length vector form while keeping as much temporal information as we can, and then applying dimensionality and noise reduction techniques such as spectral clustering to the transformed data. Experimental evaluation on synthetic and real data shows that our proposed approach outperforms standard model-based clustering algorithms for time series data.
Bandwidth-guaranteed QoS routing of multiple parallel paths in CDMA&#x002F;TDMA ad hoc wireless networks: Research Articles
Authors: Huayi Wu, Xiaohua Jia, Yanxiang He, Chuanhe Huang
Venue: International Journal of Communication Systems (2005)

This paper investigates the issues of QoS routing in CDMA&#x002F;TDMA ad hoc networks. Since the available bandwidth is very limited in ad hoc networks, a QoS request between two nodes will be blocked if there does not exist a path that can meet the QoS requirements, even though there is enough free bandwidth in the whole system. In this paper, we propose a new scheme of using multiple paths between two nodes as the route for a QoS call. The aggregate bandwidth of the multiple paths can meet the bandwidth requirement of the call and the delays of these paths are within the required bound of the call. We also propose three strategies by which to choose a set of paths as the route, namely, shortest path first (SPF), largest bandwidth first (LBF), and largest hop-bandwidth first (LHBF). Extensive simulations have been conducted to evaluate the performance of the three strategies in comparison with a traditional single path routing algorithm. The simulation results show that the proposed multiple paths routing scheme significantly reduces the system blocking rates in various network environments, especially when the network load is heavy. Copyright &copy; 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Abrupt model interface for the 4H(1000)SiC-SiO2 interface
Authors: Fabien Devynck, Feliciano Giustino, Alfredo Pasquarello
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2005)

Through the sequential use of classical molecular dynamics and first-principles relaxation methods, we generate an abrupt model interface for the 4H(0001)SiC-SiO2 interface showing regular structural parameters without any coordination defect. The bond density reduction at the interface is achieved through the use of two interfacial structural units which connect the disordered oxide to the abrupt crystalline substrate. The present model demonstrates that the sole topological constraints at SiC substrates do not preclude the occurrence of oxides of similar quality as compared to those found on Si substrates.
Extraction of Specified Objects from Binary Images Using Object Based Erosion Transform: Application to Hebrew Calligraphic Manuscripts
Authors: Itay Bar-Yosef, Isaac Beckman, Klara Kedem, Itshak Dinstein
Venue: Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (2005)

This paper presents a method for automatic extraction of certain pre-specified objects from binary images. The method is applied to letters from historic Hebrew manuscripts and is based on object based erosion transform. The extraction method deals very well with common problems of historical documents, such as broken or merged characters, and can be applied to different writing styles. An average correct extraction rate of 96% is achieved.
Ontology Based Requirements Analysis: Lightweight Semantic Processing Approach
Authors: Haruhiko Kaiya, Motoshi Saeki
Venue: Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Quality Software (2005)

We propose a software requirements analysis method based on domain ontology technique, where we can establish a mapping between a software requirements specification and the domain ontology that represents semantic components. Our ontology system consists of a thesaurus and inference rules and the thesaurus part comprises domain specific concepts and relationships suitable for semantic processing. It allows requirements engineers to analyze a requirements specification with respect to the semantics of the application domain. More concretely, we demonstrate following three kinds of semantic processing through a case study, (1) detecting incompleteness and inconsistency included in a requirements specification, (2) measuring the quality of a specification with respect to its meaning and (3) predicting requirements changes based on semantic analysis on a change history.
Intention-based home video browsing
Authors: Tao Mei, Xian-Sheng Hua
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th annual ACM international conference on Multimedia (2005)

This demonstration presents an efficient home video browsing system from a novel viewpoint -- capture intention. We extend our previous work to build up a comprehensive scheme to mine the capture intention, and based on this scheme, propose a novel home video browsing system. Such an intention based system assists both camcorder users and viewers to experience their personal home videos by providing two better manners of browsing -- by intention thumbnails and by intention curves. The user study indicates that our system offers users a more efficient way to search a given clip in a video than attention-based scheme.
Affective multimodal human-computer interaction
Authors: Maja Pantic, Nicu Sebe, Jeffrey F. Cohn, Thomas Huang
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th annual ACM international conference on Multimedia (2005)

Social and emotional intelligence are aspects of human intelligence that have been argued to be better predictors than IQ for measuring aspects of success in life, especially in social interactions, learning, and adapting to what is important. When it comes to machines, not all of them will need such skills. Yet to have machines like computers, broadcast systems, and cars, capable of adapting to their users and of anticipating their wishes, endowing them with the ability to recognize user's affective states is necessary. This article discusses the components of human affect, how they might be integrated into computers, and how far are we from realizing affective multimodal human-computer interaction.
Polarity dependent generation of gate-side and substrate-side oxide border traps in nitrided gate oxides
Authors: M. Florian Beug, Rüdiger Ferretti, Karl R. Hofmann
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2005)

This work presents the border trap generation characteristics in 8.5 nm thick nitrided gate oxides for positive and negative Fowler-Nordheim stress polarities. These traps are located around a distance of ∼2.3 nm from either oxide interfaces and can be charged/discharged by direct tunneling. The gate-side and substrate-side border trap densities, determined for different stress levels by the combination of transient SILC and transient capacitance measurements, agreed well with hysteresis measurements in C-V experiments. It was found that in nitrided gate oxides the substrate-side border trap generation is strongly dependent on the stress polarity while the gate-side trap generation appeared polarity independent.
3D Measurements in Cargo Inspection with a Gamma-Ray Linear Pushbroom Stereo System
Authors: Zhigang Zhu, Li Zhao, Jiayan Lei
Venue: Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05) - Workshops - Volume 03 (2005)

In this paper we present a practical approach for 3D measurements in gamma-ray (or X-ray) cargo inspection. The linear pushbroom sensor model is used for such a gamma-ray scanning system. Thanks to the constraints of the real scanning system, we model the system by using a linear pushbroom model with only one rotation angle instead of three. This greatly simplifies the calibration procedure and increases the robustness of the parameter estimation. Using only the knowledge of the dimensions of a cargo container, we automatically calibrate the sensor and find all the sensor parameters, including the image center, the focal length, the 3D sensor starting location, the viewing direction, and the scanning speed. Then, a semi-automated stereo reconstruction approach is proposed to obtain 3D measurements of objects inside the cargo by using two such scanning systems with different scanning angles to construct a pushbroom stereo system. Experimental results of 3D measurements and visualization of a 3D cargo container and the objects inside are presented. With both the interactive matching procedure and the 3D visualization interface, the 3D measurements could add more value to today¿s cargo inspection systems.
Mixed-dimension interaction in virtual environments
Authors: Rudolph P. Darken, Richard Durost
Venue: Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology (2005)

In this paper, we present a study to show that matching the dimensionality of interaction techniques with the dimensional demands of the task results in an interface that facilitates superior performance on interaction tasks without sacrificing performance on 2D tasks in favor of 3D tasks and vice versa. We describe the concept of dimensional congruence and how to identify the dimensional characteristics of a task so that appropriate interaction techniques can be applied. We constructed a prototypical application in a Virtual Environment Enclosure (VEE) using a hand-held device to show how this might be done in this type of apparatus. We then describe a study that evaluates both 2D and 3D tasks as performed using typical 2D and 3D interaction techniques. Results show that an appropriate mix of 2D and 3D interaction techniques is preferred over exclusive use of one or the other. The challenge lies not in selecting independent interaction techniques for specific tasks, but rather in constructing an overall interface that mixes 2D and 3D interactions appropriately.