ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Applying Strategic Thinking beyond IT Management
Authors: Hong-Lok Li
Venue: IT Professional (2008)

IT managers need clear strategies to rapidly fix problems. They need to think strategically to maximize opportunities, handle risks, and widen the lead.
Adaptive Cluster-Based Data Collection in Sensor Networks with Direct Sink Access
Authors: Mahdi Lotfinezhad, Ben Liang, Elvino S. Sousa
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing (2008)

Recently wireless sensor networks featuring direct sink access have been studied as an efficient architecture to gather and process data for numerous applications. We focus on the joint effect of clustering and data correlation on the performance of such networks. We propose a novel Cluster-based Data Collection scheme for sensor networks with Direct Sink Access (CDC-DSA), and provide an analytical framework to evaluate its performance in terms of energy consumption, latency, and robustness. In our scheme, CHs use a low-overhead and simple medium access control (MAC) conceptually similar to ALOHA to contend for the reachback channel to the data sink. Since in our model data is collected periodically, the packet arrival is not modeled by a continuous random process and, therefore, our framework is based on transient analysis rather than a steady state analysis. Using random geometry tools, we study how the optimal average cluster size and energy savings vary in a response to various data correlation levels under the proposed MAC. Extensive simulations for various protocol parameters show that our analysis is fairly accurate for a wide range of parameters. Our results suggest that despite the tradeoff between energy consumption and latency, both of which can be substantially reduced by proper clustering design.
New second-and fourth-order accurate numerical schemes for the nonlinear cubic Schrödinger equation
Authors: Y. M. Samrout
Venue: International Journal of Computer Mathematics (2007)

New second-and fourth-order accurate semianalytical methods are introduced for the numerical solution of the one-dimensional nonlinear cubic Schrödinger equation. These methods are based on the combination of the Method of Lines and the Lanczos's Tau Method. The methods are self-starting and proved to be stable, accurate, and energy conservative for long time-integration periods. Approximate solutions are sought, on segmented sets of parallel lines, as finite expansions in terms of a given orthogonal polynomial basis. We have carried out numerical application concerning several cases for the propagation, collision and the bound states of N solitons, 2 ≤ N ≤ 5. Accurate results have been obtained using both shifted Chebyshev and Legendre polynomials. These results compare competitively with some other published results obtained using different methods.
Error bounds of optimization algorithms for semi-Markov decision processes
Authors: Tang Hao, Yin Baoqun, Xi Hongsheng
Venue: International Journal of Systems Science (2007)

Cao's work shows that, by defining an α-dependent equivalent infinitesimal generator Aα, a semi-Markov decision process (SMDP) with both average- and discounted-cost criteria can be treated as an α-equivalent Markov decision process (MDP), and the performance potential theory can also be developed for SMDPs. In this work, we focus on establishing error bounds for potential and Aα-based iterative optimization methods. First, we introduce an α-uniformized Markov chain (UMC) for a SMDP via Aα and a uniformized parameter, and show their relations. Especially, we obtain that their performance potentials, as solutions of corresponding Poisson equations, are proportional, so that the studies of a SMDP and the α-UMC based on potentials are unified. Using these relations, we derive the error bounds for a potential-based policy-iteration algorithm and a value-iteration algorithm, respectively, when there exist various calculation errors. The obtained results can be applied directly to the special models, i.e., continuous-time MDPs and Markov chains, and can be extended to some simulation-based optimization methods such as reinforcement learning and neurodynamic programming, where estimation errors or approximation errors are common cases. Finally, we give an application example on the look-ahead control of a conveyor-serviced production station (CSPS), and show the corresponding error bounds.
Effective hole-injection layer for non-doped inverted top-emitting organic light-emitting devices
Authors: Yanlong Meng, Wenfa Xie, Ning Zhang, Shufen Chen, Jiang Li, Wei Hu, Yi Zhao, Jingying Hou, Shiyong Liu
Venue: Microelectronics Journal (2008)

Non-doped inverted top-emitting organic light-emitting diode with high efficiency is demonstrated through employing an effective hole-injection layer composed of MoO"x. One reason for high efficiency lies on the energy-level matching between MoO"x and hole-transport, and another is due to the Ohmic contact formed between MoO"x and Ag. Both of them lead to an improvement of the hole-injection capability from Ag top anode. Moreover, the symmetrical current of ''hole-only'' device with MoO"x shows better hole-injection capability, which is independent of the deposition sequence. The optimized device with MoO"x hole-injection layer exhibits maximum current efficiency of 3.7cd/A at a raised luminance level of 14,900cd/m^2 and a maximum luminance of 47,000cd/m^2 under 18V.
Language engineering in the context of a popular, inexpensive robot platform
Authors: Li Xu
Venue: Proceedings of the 39th SIGCSE technical symposium on Computer science education (2008)

Language engineering - the theory and practice of building language processors and compilers, has long been recognized as important subject in Computer Science curricula. However, due to lack of suitable target systems, educators face significant challenges to teach language engineering classes effectively. Leveraging the emerging inexpensive robot devices, this paper presents a new approach of using robots as system context to teach language engineering topics. We designed the Chirp-Scribbler Language, which targets the popular Scribbler robot; combined together, they provide an engaging and feature-rich platform to teach a wide range of topics in language engineering. This paper describes the Chirp-Scribbler Language, its integration with the target robot, and the teaching practice of using them to teach language translation basics in an undergraduate programming course.
The Relationship between E-commerce and Supply Chain Management: An Executive Perspective
Authors: Yuantao Jiang
Venue: Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (2008)

The manufacture industry had utilized e-commerce for Supply Chains Management (thereafter SCM) as widely as it could have. The paper is to increase understanding of the determinants for adoption of ecommerce in SCM within the china manufacture industry, and to test the value of e-commerce in supply chain structure. This study proposes that there is a positive relationship between e-commerce and SCM and that firms with a seamless integration between ecommerce and SCM will be more successful. Content analysis of directorate's report in annual report to shareholders of 138 Manufacture firms was conducted to collect data. Data statistic methods were used to test the hypotheses to evaluate the relationship between ecommerce and SCM.
Supporting Landmark Image Retrieval with Skyline Extraction Techniques
Authors: Yu-Ren Liao, Yu-Cheng Chen, Kuan-Chung Chen, Wei-Guang Teng
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering (2008)

The problem of image retrieval is much more challenging than that of text retrieval since significant features for representing and searching an arbitrary image vary with the image content. In this work, we focus on processing images containing landmarks which are easily recognizable by human users. Our observations show that through the use of proper techniques for skyline extraction, the retrieval task of landmark images can be feasible. Specifically, after conducting edge detection on an image, an approach which works in the similar fashion as depth-first search is proposed to extract the corresponding skyline precisely. In addition to theoretical analysis of relevant issues, empirical studies show that our approach is advantageous to be utilized in practical applications due to its high efficiency, effectiveness and scalability.
Fast communication: Detection and extraction of periodic noises in audio and biomedical signals using Kalman filter
Authors: R. Kazemi, A. Farsi, M. H. Ghaed, M. Karimi-Ghartemani
Venue: Signal Processing (2008)

This paper studies the subject of adaptive noise cancelation using the Kalman filtering technique to achieve high precision and fast convergence. It is shown that the Kalman filter can successfully be designed to detect and extract periodic noises which may be constituted of different sinusoidal components with possibly unknown and/or time-varying frequencies. This highlights the feature of Kalman filter in synthesizing periodic noises in the time-domain which is not possible using Fourier-based methods such as DFT. Usefulness of the method is discussed in the context of two examples: active cancelation of periodic noises from audio waveforms and filtering of electrocardiogram measurements.
Universality and programmability of quantum computers
Authors: Willem Fouché, Johannes Heidema, Glyn Jones, Petrus H. Potgieter
Venue: Theoretical Computer Science (2008)

Manin, Feynman, and Deutsch have viewed quantum computing as a kind of universal physical simulation procedure. Much of the writing about quantum logic circuits and quantum Turing machines has shown how these machines can simulate an arbitrary unitary transformation on a finite number of qubits. The problem of universality has been addressed most famously in a paper by Deutsch, and later by Bernstein and Vazirani as well as Kitaev and Solovay. The quantum logic circuit model, developed by Feynman and Deutsch, has been more prominent in the research literature than Deutsch's quantum Turing machines. Quantum Turing machines form a class closely related to deterministic and probabilistic Turing machines and one might hope to find a universal machine in this class. A universal machine is the basis of a notion of programmability. The extent to which universality has in fact been established by the pioneers in the field is examined and this key notion in theoretical computer science is scrutinised in quantum computing by distinguishing various connotations and concomitant results and problems.
Different types of avalanche-induced moving current filaments under the influence of doping inhomogeneities
Authors: S. Milady, D. Silber, F. -J. Niedernostheide, H. P. Felsl
Venue: Microelectronics Journal (2008)

The influence of small doping inhomogeneities on the behavior of current filaments appearing in p^+-n^--n^+ diodes during the reverse-recovery period under extreme turn-off conditions is investigated. It is shown that depending on the strength and the distance between the inhomogeneities, different types of filament dynamics may appear, resulting in irregular or regular hopping or a continuously traveling filament. The hopping filament dynamics is essentially controlled by the long-range inhibitory effect of local plasma extraction, while the traveling filament is dominated by the mutual interaction of charge carrier generation and plasma extraction in the region between two neighboring inhomogeneities. Electrothermal simulations have shown that local heating induced by a traveling filament may result in the generation of a non-moving thermal-induced filament which can lead to destructive thermal runaway. The onset of thermal runaway is extremely sensitive to the thermal resistance of the contacts.
Simulation of two-rate neural network control for stochastic model of missile autopilot
Authors: Igor Astrov, Sergei Tatarly, Svetlana Tatarly
Venue: Proceedings of the 6th WSEAS International Conference on Systems Theory & Scientific Computation (2006)

This paper describes a two-rate stochastic control system as state-space (SS) type decomposed and discretized models of stochastic subsystems with the "fast" and "slow" artificial neural networks (NNs). These NNs are used as the dynamic subsystems controllers. This is because such neuromorphic controllers are especially suitable to control complex systems. An illustrative example - two-rate NN hybrid control of decomposed stochastic model of a rigid guided missile over different operating conditions - was carried out using the proposed two-rate SS decomposition technique. This example demonstrates that this research technique results in simplified low-order autonomous control subsystems with various discretization periods and with various speeds of actuation, and shows the quality of the proposed technique. The obtained results show that the control tasks for the autonomous subsystems can be solved more qualitatively than for the original system. The simulation and animation results with use of software package Simulink demonstrate that this research technique would work for real-time stochastic systems.
An Active Storage System for High Performance Computing
Authors: Yu Zhang, Dan Feng
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications (2008)

Traditionally, active storage devices execute custom application code on large amounts of data by utilizing the unused processing power of the storage nodes. For computation-intensive applications, the performance might be quite low due to insufficient processing power on the storage devices. In this paper we present a reconfigurable computing solution that can provide flexible, high-performance processing capabilities for the storage nodes. We have made a change over the existing active storage framework for object-based storage device by offloading computation-intensive request-driven services to a reconfigurable hardware accelerator. In the experiment, we use two applications (AES encryption and FFT) as the case studies, and the results show that the reconfigurable computing-based system can dramatically increase the performance comparing with the traditional software-based active storage systems.
Fast computation of approximate entropy
Authors: George Manis
Venue: Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine (2008)

The approximate entropy (ApEn) is a measure of systems complexity. The implementation of the method is computationally expensive and requires execution time analogous to the square of the size of the input signal. We propose here a fast algorithm which speeds up the computation of approximate entropy by detecting early some vectors that are not similar and by excluding them from the similarity test. Experimental analysis with various biomedical signals revealed a significant improvement in execution times.
High-level Programming Support for Robust Pervasive Computing Applications
Authors: Wilfried Jouve, Julien Lancia, Nicolas Palix, Charles Consel, Julia Lawall
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 Sixth Annual IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications (2008)

In this paper, we present a domain-speciﬁc Interface Deﬁnition Language (IDL) and its compiler, dedicated to the development of pervasive computing applications. Our IDL provides declarative support for concisely characterizing a pervasive computing environment. This description is (1) to be used by programmers as a high-level reference to develop applications that coordinate entities of the target environment and (2) to be passed to a compiler that generates a programming framework dedicated to the target environment. This process enables veriﬁcations to be performed prior to runtime on both the declared environment and a given application. Furthermore, customized operations are automatically generated to support the development of pervasive computing activities, such as service discovery and session negotiation for stream-oriented devices.
An adaptive systems perspective on network calculus, with applications to autonomic control
Authors: Simon Dobson
Venue: International Journal of Autonomous and Adaptive Communications Systems (2008)

Autonomic communications systems must demonstrate behaviour that remains correct under a range of environmental conditions. In order to gain confidence that a system will behave as intended, it is advantageous to have a formal description of the expected behaviour that can be analysed and tested for compliance with different stimuli. We present an adaptive systems perspective on a recently-proposed formal analytic model of network performance. We suggest how this can be used to study the adaptive behaviour of systems, and to ensure that their adaptations maintain desired properties.
On the Wadge Reducibility of k-Partitions
Authors: Victor Selivanov
Venue: Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science (ENTCS) (2008)

We establish some results on the Wadge degrees and on the Boolean hierarchy of k-partitions of some spaces, where k is a natural number. The main attention is paid to the Baire space, Baire domain and their close relatives. For the case of @D"2^0-measurable k-partitions the structures of Wadge degrees are characterized completely. For many degree structures, undecidability of the first-order theories is shown, for any k>=3.
Initializing a National Grid Infrastructure Lessons Learned from the Swiss National Grid Association Seed Project
Authors: Nabil Abdennadher, Peter Engel, Derek Feichtinger, Dean Flanders, Placi Flury, Sigve Haug, Pascal Jermini, Sergio Maffioletti, Cesare Pautasso, Heinz Stockinger, Wibke Sudholt, Michela Thiemard, Nadya Williams, Christoph Witzig
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 Eighth IEEE International Symposium on Cluster Computing and the Grid (2008)

In addition to multi-national Grid infrastructures, several countries operate their own national Grid infrastructures to support science and industry within national borders.These infrastructures have the benefit of better satisfying the needs of local, regional and national user communities. Although Switzerland has strong research groups in several fields of distributed computing, only recently a national Grid effort was kick-started to integrate a truly heterogeneous set of resource providers, middleware pools,and users. In the following article we discuss our efforts to start Grid activities at a national scale to combine several scientific communities and geographical domains. We make a strong case for the need of standards that have to be built on top of existing software systems in order to provide support for a heterogeneous Grid infrastructure.
Why Computer Architecture Matters
Authors: Cosmin Pancratov, Jacob M. Kurzer, Kelly A. Shaw, Matthew L. Trawick
Venue: Computing in Science and Engineering (2008)

Over the course of a three-part series, the authors will walk through the implementation of a simple but computationally intensive algorithm and show how a series of incremental refinements to the code yields significant performance gains. In this first installment, they concentrate on instruction selection and scheduling.
Cloud mapping with ground-based photogrammetric cameras
Authors: G. Seiz, J. Shields, U. Feister, E. P. Baltsavias, A. Gruen
Venue: International Journal of Remote Sensing (2007)

Ground-based digital imager systems in the visible and near infrared region of the solar spectrum have the potential to nicely complement existing instruments and observation networks of National Weather Services with very accurate, high spatial and temporal resolution, 2D and 3D macroscopic cloud data such as cloud amount, cloud-base height and 3D cloud-base motion. This paper discusses two current approaches to ground-based cloud sensing: the prototype instrument used at ETH/MeteoSwiss within Cloudmap and Cloudmap2 for stereoscopy tests, and a Daylight Visible/NIR Whole Sky Imager (WSI) system developed and fielded by the Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO). The article includes descriptions of the radiometric and geometric calibration methods. Cloud amount, cloud-base height and cloud-base motion results from two ETH/MeteoSwiss measurement campaigns and from the operational WSI use at the German Weather Service (DWD) are shown. Finally, a case study with coincident satellite and ground data illustrates that ground-based digital imager systems are an interesting technique to validate satellite-based cloud-top heights and cloud-top motion winds of vertically thin clouds.
Advances in the Dynallax Solid-State Dynamic Parallax Barrier Autostereoscopic Visualization Display System
Authors: Tom Peterka, Robert L. Kooima, Daniel J. Sandin, Andrew Johnson, Jason Leigh, Thomas A. DeFanti
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics (2008)

A solid-state dynamic parallax barrier autostereoscopic display mitigates some of the restrictions present in static barrier systems, such as fixed view-distance range, slow response to head movements, and fixed stereo operating mode. By dynamically varying barrier parameters in real time, viewers may move closer to the display and move faster laterally than with a static barrier system, and the display can switch between 3D and 2D modes by disabling the barrier on a per-pixel basis. Moreover, Dynallax can output four independent eye channels when two viewers are present, and both head-tracked viewers receive an independent pair of left-eye and right-eye perspective views based on their position in 3D space. The display device is constructed by using a dual-stacked LCD monitor where a dynamic barrier is rendered on the front display and a modulated virtual environment composed of two or four channels is rendered on the rear display. Dynallax was recently demonstrated in a small-scale head-tracked prototype system. This paper summarizes the concepts presented earlier, extends the discussion of various topics, and presents recent improvements to the system.
Distributive Key Management for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Authors: Mohammad Al-Shurman, Seong-Moo Yoo, Bonam Kim
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering (2008)

Security of mobile ad hoc networks is built upon a reliable key management system to generate and distribute symmetric encryption/decryption keys for communicating parties. While central servers generate and distribute the keys in traditional wired networks, distributive key management systems are used in mobile ad hoc networks where central approaches will fail in such dynamic, high mobility networks. Threshold cryptography1 has been proposed to provide a reliable, distributive key management for networks. In an (n, t+1) threshold system, there are n servers to provide key generation and distribution when needed for the whole network. From these n servers, any x servers (t
The Punitive Expedition Military Reform and Communications Intelligence
Authors: David A. Hatch
Venue: Cryptologia (2007)

In the wake of poor performance in the Spanish-American War, the United States created the basis for a modern military intelligence organization. This included communications intelligence (COMINT). The first major use of the nascent COMINT capability was along the Mexican Border during the Mexican Revolution. When General John Pershing commanded a punitive expedition to chase down Pancho Villa, he took COMINT facilities with him.