ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Dependable Design for FPGA Based on Duplex System and Reconfiguration
Authors: Pavel Kubalik, Radek Dobias, Hana Kubatova
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th EUROMICRO Conference on Digital System Design (2006)

A technique for highly reliable digital design in FPGAs is presented. Two FPGAs are used for duplex system design, but better dependability parameters are obtained by combination of totally self checking blocks based on parity predictor. Each FPGA can be reconfigured when a SEU fault is detected. Combinational circuit benchmarks have been considered in all our experiments and computations. All our experimental results are obtained by XILINX FPGA implementation by EDA tools. The dependability model and dependability calculations are presented.
Top-down Enhancement and Suppression of the Magnitude and Speed of Neural Activity
Authors: Adam Gazzaley, Jeffrey W. Cooney, Kevin McEvoy, Robert T. Knight, Mark D'esposito
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2005)

Top-down modulation underlies our ability to selectively attend to relevant stimuli and to ignore irrelevant stimuli. Theories addressing neural mechanisms of top-down modulation are driven by studies that reveal increased magnitude of neural activity in response to directed attention, but are limited by a lack of data reporting modulation of neural processing speed, as well as comparisons with a perceptual (passive view) baseline necessary to evaluate the presence of enhancement and suppression. Utilizing functional MRI (fMRI) and event-related potential recordings (ERPs), we provide converging evidence that both the magnitude of neural activity and the speed of neural processing are modulated by top-down influences. Furthermore, both enhancement and suppression occur relative to a perceptual baseline depending on task instruction. These findings reveal the fine degree of influence that goal-directed attention exerts upon activity within the visual association cortex. We further document capacity limitations in top-down enhancement corresponding with working memory performance deficits.
Common and Distinct Neural Substrates for Pragmatic, Semantic, and Syntactic Processing of Spoken Sentences: An fMRI Study
Authors: G. R. Kuperberg, P. K. McGuire, E. T. Bullmore, M. J. Brammer, S. Rabe-hesketh, I. C. Wright, D. J. Lythgoe, S. C. R. Williams, A. S. David
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2000)

Extracting meaning from speech requires the use of pragmatic, semantic, and syntactic information. A central question is: Does the processing of these different types of linguistic information have common or distinct neuroanatomical substrates? We addressed this issue using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to measure neural activity when subjects listened to spoken normal sentences contrasted with sentences that had either (A) pragmatical, (B) semantic (selection restriction), or (C) syntactic (subcategorical) violations sentences. All three contrasts revealed robust activation of the left-inferior-temporal/fusiform gyrus. Activity in this area was also observed in a combined analysis of all three experiments, suggesting that it was modulated by all three types of linguistic violation. Planned statistical comparisons between the three experiments revealed (1) a greater difference between conditions in activation of the left-superior-temporal gyrus for the pragmatic experiment than the semantic/syntactic experiments; (2) a greater difference between conditions in activation of the right-superior and middle-temporal gyrus in the semantic experiment than in the syntactic experiment; and (3) no regions activated to a greater degree in the syntactic experiment than in the semantic experiment. These data show that, while left- and right-superior-temporal regions may be differentially involved in processing pragmatic and lexico-semantic information within sentences, the left-inferior-temporal/fusiform gyrus is involved in processing all three types of linguistic information. We suggest that this region may play a key role in using pragmatic, semantic (selection restriction), and subcategorical information to construct a higher representation of meaning of sentences.
Clustering Research Based on Density Gradient
Authors: Zhi-ping Chen, Lei Wang, Yi-hong Tan
Venue: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Web-Age Information Management Workshops (2006)

Cluster analysis, intending to help users understand the natural grouping or structure in a data set, has received a lot of attention in the last few years. Aimed to solve difficult problems in clustering with irregularly distributed data set, a new clustering algorithm based on density gradient is provided. With analysis of density of each point and its neighbors, the algorithm searches points with the maximum density and takes them as centers of original clusters. Then it combines some little clusters into larger clusters according to the distribution of boundary points between neighbor clusters. Experimental results show that the new algorithm has better performance than DBSCAN.
The instructional simulation builder
Authors: Leston D. Drake
Venue: Proceedings of the 1996 international conference on Learning sciences (1996)

For years trainers and educators have recognized the cost benefit, safety and security advantages of using simulations in learning environments. Three barriers to the effective use of simulations in education and training have been identified. First, developing simulations is extremely expensive. Besides large companies and government affiliated agencies, few trainers and educators have traditionally had access to simulation technology. Second, once a simulation is completed, maintenance and modifications to the simulation are difficult and costly. Since systems evolve there is a real need to periodically update and modify simulations, otherwise the initial cost invested is never recovered. Finally, not all simulations are instructional. For instructional purposes a sophisticated representation of a device or system is not sufficient to instruct the learner in how to use the real system. In a free-play environment, learners may easily develop false notions of how the system operates unless guidance is built into the simulation. The instructional capacity of a rule based simulation could be significantly improved by building an instructional component into the simulation.
An Analysis Of PSO Hybrid Algorithms For Feed-Forward Neural Networks Training
Authors: Marcio Carvalho, Teresa B. Ludermir
Venue: Proceedings of the Ninth Brazilian Symposium on Neural Networks (2006)

Training neural networks is a complex task of great importance in problems of supervised learning. The Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) consists of a stochastic global search originated from the attempt to graphically simulate the social behavior of a flock of birds looking for resources. In this work we analyze the use of the PSO algorithm and two variants with a local search operator for neural network training and investigate the influence of the GL_5 stop criteria in generalization control for swarm optimizers. For evaluating these algorithms we apply them to benchmark classification problems of the medical field. The results showed that the hybrid PSO with local search operator had the best results among the particle swarm optimizers and that the GL_5 stop criteria almost always degraded the performance of population based optimizers.
IPv6 Broadband Access to University Students in Greece: The DIODOS project
Authors: Athanassios Liakopoulos
Venue: Proceedings of the International Multi-Conference on Computing in the Global Information Technology (2006)

The deployment of IPv6 in the research and commercial networks has been accelerated in the last few years and IPv6 traffic is gradually increased. Broadband access networks will mostly benefit from the IPv6 technology as NAT/PAT techniques will no more be required while new managed services can be easily introduced by the Internet Service Providers. We present the DIODOS project that aims to provide broadband access to the Internet for university students in Greece. Currently, DIODOS implementation plans are focused on IPv4 interconnection services. This paper discusses some of the arguments that could justify the deployment of IPv6 services at the expense of some reasonable effort and time.
Signed quorum systems
Authors: Haifeng Yu
Venue: Distributed Computing (2006)

With n servers that independently fail with probability of p < 0.5, it is well known that the majority quorum system achieves the best availability among all quorum systems. However, even this optimal construction requires (n + 1)/2 functioning servers out of n. Furthermore, the number of probes needed to acquire a quorum is also lower bounded by (n + 1)/2.Motivated by the need for a highly available and low probe complexity quorum system in the Intemet, this paper proposes signed quorum systems (SQS) that can be available as long as any O(1) servers are available, and simultaneously have O(1) probe complexity. SQS provides probabilistic intersection guarantees and exploits the property of independent mismatches in today's Internet. Such key property has been validated previously under multiple Internet measurement traces. This paper then extensively studies the availability, probe complexity, and load of SQS, derives lower bounds for all three metrics, and constructs matching upper bounds. We show that in addition to the qualitatively superior availability and probe complexity, SQS also decouples availability from load and probe complexity, so that optimal availability can be achieved under most probe complexity and load values.
Minimum cost spanning tree situations and gene expression data analysis
Authors: Stefano Moretti
Venue: Proceeding from the 2006 workshop on Game theory for communications and networks (2006)

In [16] a methodology based on Game Theory for the analysis of gene expression data is studied. Roughly speaking, the starting point is the observation of a 'picture' of gene expressions in a sample of cells under a biological condition of interest, for example a tumor. Then, Game Theory plays a primary role to quantitatively evaluate the relevance of each gene in regulating or provoking the condition of interest, taking into account the observed relationships in all subgroups of genes. In this paper, an alternative model based on minimum cost spanning tree representation of gene expression data has been introduced. One of the main characteristics of this model is the possibility to avoid the dichotomization technique required for microarray games introduced in [17].
Maturing Monitoring Agents into Model Based Diagnostic Agents for Ground Processing of the Space Shuttle and Future Exploration
Authors: Glen S. Semmel, Ladislau Boloni
Venue: Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE International Conference on Space Mission Challenges for Information Technology (2006)

NASA Kennedy Space Center deploys rule-based software agents to help monitor the Space Shuttle ground telemetry data. The agents recognize predefined measurement patterns and issue notifications to Shuttle Engineers when various events occur. Hundreds of rules for thousands of measurements have been written. Currently, these agents possess only shallow knowledge. They do not lend themselves to more complex tasks, such as autonomously diagnosing hardware failures in the ground support equipment.
An Experimental Evaluation of Some Classification Methods
Authors: M. Doumpos, E. Chatzi, C. Zopounidis
Venue: Journal of Global Optimization (2006)

The classification problem is of major importance to a plethora of research fields. The outgrowth in the development of classification methods has led to the development of several techniques. The objective of this research is to provide some insight on the relative performance of some well-known classification methods, through an experimental analysis covering data sets with different characteristics. The methods used in the analysis include statistical techniques, machine learning methods and multicriteria decision aid. The results of the study can be used to support the design of classification systems and the identification of the proper methods that could be used given the data characteristics.
Condition Monitoring Using Pattern Recognition Techniques on Data from Acoustic Emissions
Authors: Siril Yella, Naren Gupta, Mark Dougherty
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications (2006)

Condition monitoring applications deploying the usage of impact acoustic techniques are mostly done intuitively by skilled personnel. In this article, a pattern recognition approach is taken to automate such intuitive human skills for the development of more robust and reliable testing methods. The focus of this work is to use the approach as a part of a major research project in the rail inspection area, within the domain of Intelligent Transport Systems. Data from impact acoustic tests made on wooden beams have been used. The relation between condition of the wooden beams and respective sounds they make when struck, has been analyzed experimentally. Features were extracted from the acoustic emissions of wooden beams and were used for pattern classification. Features such as magnitude of the signal, natural logarithm of the magnitude and Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients, yielded good results. The extracted feature vectors were used as input to various pattern classifiers for further pattern recognition task. The effect of using classifiers like Support vector machines and Multi-layer perceptron has been tested and compared. Results obtained experimentally, demonstrate that Support vector machines provide good detection rates for the classification of impact acoustic signals in the NDT domain.
Granular Analysis of Time Sequence Based on Quotient Space
Authors: Liquan Zhao, Ling Zhang, Bo Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Inteligence for Modelling Control and Automation and International Conference on Intelligent Agents Web Technologies and International Commerce (2006)

This paper aims to carry out granular analysis of time sequence based on quotient space. Granular methods have long before been adopted to analyze time sequence, but the granularity was based on time, for example, day mean, month mean, year mean and so on in finance forecast. In this paper, the granularity is based on space and some significant results are obtained: we can, in certain circumstances, get characteristics of time sequence in an original space when carrying out granular analysis of it in its coarser-grain space; granular analysis of a Markov chain is equivalent to an hidden Markov model (HMM), contrarily, any HMM is equivalent to granular analysis of a Markov chain. These results deepened our understanding of HMM from the perspective of granular analysis. We can not only use the methods of HMM to study time sequence, but also use the methods of granular analysis based on quotient space theory to solve the problems of HMM.
MoviWeb: Platform to Solve the Web Content Visualization Problem on Heterogeneous Mobile Devices
Authors: J. Carlos Olivares R., J. Gabriel Gonzalez S., Victor J. Sosa S., Azucena Montes R.
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Computing (2006)

In spite of the great popularity which mobile devices have in our days, the Internet access through these devices is extremely limited. This must to that Web sites have not been developed taking into account the characteristics and limitations of mobile devices. Thus for example, screen restrictions, low capacity of memory and storage, high costs of Internet connection and the deficient bandwidth; among others, they have restrained the visualization of Web sites through mobile devices. This work is tried to increase the visualization of Web sites on mobile devices improving the user's navigation experience, on the one hand, handling different formats from the resources and by another one, handling to a communications scheme more efficient for exchanging information, which with takes to diminish costs of accessing to the Web by airtime connection or by volume of information, given that the size of resources is diminished and the access time is made agile.
An Investigation of MIMO Performance in the Indoor Ricean Environment
Authors: Zhongwei Tang, Ananda S. Mohan
Venue: Wireless Personal Communications: An International Journal (2006)

In this paper, we investigate the Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) channel capacity in indoor Ricean channels based on MIMO channel measurements at 2.45 GHz. The measured data is analysed using a super resolution parameter estimation algorithm. Our results demonstrate that the line-of-sight (LOS) component in a Ricean scenario influences indoor MIMO performance through increased spatial correlation between array elements. We found that indoor channels with higher values of Ricean K factor have smaller numbers of effective multipath components and increased spatial correlation. Measurement results also showed that, the effect of varying antenna height on indoor MIMO capacity is also due to the spatial correlation of multipath propagation and has a close relationship with the separation between the transmitter and receiver.
Multi-agent Coordination Based on Semantic Approximation
Authors: Yinglong Ma, Kehe Wu, Yi Zheng, Wei Li
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE/WIC/ACM international conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology (2006)

Within multi-agent systems, it is almost impossible for multiple Web agents to completely share a same semantic vocabulary. Because of incomplete information and ontological heterogeneity, an agent can partially understand the contents of other ontologies. This makes multi-agent communication rather difficult. In this paper, we utilize semantic approximation for implementing better multi-agent communication based on partial shared distributed ontologies, and hence achieve coordination query among multiple agents. We also developed a multi-agent coordination system based on semantic approximation.
Signal Strength Determines the Nature of the Relationship Between Perception and Working Memory
Authors: Bhavin R. Sheth, Shinsuke Shimojo
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2003)

Neurophysiological and behavioral studies have shown that perception and memory share neural substrates and functional properties. But are perception and the active working memory of a stimulus one and the same? To address this question in the spatial domain, we compared the percept and the working memory of the position of a target stimulus embedded within a surround of moving dots. Motion in a particular direction after the target's offset biased the memory of target location in the same direction. However, motion simultaneous with a high-contrast, perceptually strong target biased the percept of target location in the opposite direction. Thus, perception and working memory can be modified by motion in qualitatively different ways. Manipulations to strengthen the memory trace had no effect on the direction of the memory bias, indicating that memory signal strength can never equal that of the percept of a strong stimulus. However, the percept of a weak stimulus was biased in the direction of motion. Thus, although perception and working memory are not inherently different, they can differ behaviorally depending on the strength of the perceptual signal. Understanding how a changing surround biases neural representations in general, and postsensory processes in particular, can help one understand past reports of spatial mislocalization.
Requirements for domain specific discrete event simulation environments
Authors: Edwin C. Valentin, Alexander Verbraeck
Venue: Proceedings of the 37th conference on Winter simulation (2005)

Domain specific discrete event simulation environments are supposed to enable faster and easier model development and experimentation. Unfortunately, perceived disadvantages from simulation experts hinder the wide application of this technology. We have performed laboratory experiments and simulation studies in two different domains to learn what the difficulty of domain specific simulation environments is. The lessons that we learned from these experiments and simulation studies enabled us to formulate requirements for domain specific simulation environments, for the model constructs in these environments, for the design of these environments and for guidelines for the use of these environments in simulation studies.
Supporting On Demand Collaboration in Web-Based Communities
Authors: Stefan Paal, Lars Brocker, Marion Borowski
Venue: Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Database and Expert Systems Applications (2006)

The Internet has evolved into a ubiquitous communication medium which is used by web-based communities to exchange information and to access remote services. In this context, on demand collaboration is mainly offered on the basis of separately executed browser-based applications which are inherently limited to be used online while offering a user interface to server-side applications. In this paper, we propose the use of the On Demand Internet Computing System (ODIX) which enables the distributed deployment and dynamic composition of Java Rich Internet Applications. It eases the integrated use of multiple applications and provides the illusion of a pervasive application environment by synchronizing user profiles and application customization across distinct Internet computing devices. The features of the approach are outlined and its application to support collaborative knowledge management is illustrated.
A Generic Representation Allowing for Expression of Learning Object and Metadata Lifecycle
Authors: Olivier Catteau, Philippe Vidal, Julien Broisin
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (2006)

To allow multiple professionals to design and realise together a specific learning object (LO) by using a repository that store and index their several modifications, we need to represent the different steps followed by a LO and its metadata throughout its lifecycle. Here, we study various initiatives related to this issue and notice significant differences between them in the terms of terminology and sequences. Thus, we infer a generic representation that can be applied to any given learning situation. Finally we validate this representation by connecting it to the International E-Miage approach (computer methods for companies' management), a French "digital campus", basis of our experimentation.
SIP-Based Proactive Handoff Management for Session Continuity in the Wireless Internet
Authors: Paolo Bellavista, Antonio Corradi, Luca Foschini
Venue: Proceedings of the 26th IEEE International ConferenceWorkshops on Distributed Computing Systems (2006)

New challenging deployment scenarios are accommodating limited and heterogeneous portable devices that roam in wired-wireless best-effort networks with session maintenance and continuity requirements. In particular, continuous services, e.g., multimedia streaming, should not experience any interruption while clients roam between different wireless access localities during service provisioning. The paper describes how to exploit the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) to build a middleware for session continuity, also by integrating with our novel context-aware SIP notification package. In particular, the proposed middleware makes use of SIP notifications to update session information and to proactively activate session reconfiguration for roaming clients. Experimental results show that, notwithstanding the portable Java-based implementation, our SIP-based solution is feasible in most common wireless Internet deployment scenarios and achieves good scalability.