ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Non-Stationary Markov Models and Anomaly Propagation Analysis in IDS
Authors: Arnur G. Tokhtabayev, Victor A. Skormin
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Information Assurance and Security (2007)

We propose an anomaly based IDS that results in a decreased rate of false positives. It employs the new means of host-based detection in the system call domain with correlating anomalies reported by different hosts to the IDS server. A novel anomaly detection mechanism operating at the host level treats an application or service as a nonstationary stochastic process and models it as a nonstationary Markov chain that significantly improves model accuracy. A server-based procedure for the detection of anomaly propagation is employed. While false alarms do not propagate within the network, detected anomaly propagation with a high degree of certainty can be attributed to a computer worm; otherwise the alarms are to be treated as false positives.
Searching strategies for the Hungarian language
Authors: Jacques Savoy
Venue: Information Processing and Management: an International Journal (2008)

This paper reports on the underlying IR problems encountered when dealing with the complex morphology and compound constructions found in the Hungarian language. It describes evaluations carried out on two general stemming strategies for this language, and also demonstrates that a light stemming approach could be quite effective. Based on searches done on the CLEF test collection, we find that a more aggressive suffix-stripping approach may produce better MAP. When compared to an IR scheme without stemming or one based on only a light stemmer, we find the differences to be statistically significant. When compared with probabilistic, vector-space and language models, we find that the Okapi model results in the best retrieval effectiveness. The resulting MAP is found to be about 35% better than the classical tf idf approach, particularly for very short requests. Finally, we demonstrate that applying an automatic decompounding procedure for both queries and documents significantly improves IR performance (+10%), compared to word-based indexing strategies.
Architectural optimization of a digital optical multiplier
Authors: A. V. Anisimov, I. A. Zavadskyi
Venue: Cybernetics and Systems Analysis (2007)

A computational model of estimation of the time complexity of logical circuits constructed from elements of an optical element base is investigated. A fast parallel multiplier is constructed.
A History of Microprocessor Development at Intel
Authors: Robert Noyce, Marcian Hoff
Venue: IEEE Micro (1981)

In its first decude, the ''computer on a chip'' has achieved power, applicability, and pervasiveness unimagined even by its developers.
Jazz and the Eclipse Way of Collaboration
Authors: Randall Frost
Venue: IEEE Software (2007)

IBM's Jazz project sets out to define a vision for the way products can integrate to support collaborative work, and to create a technology platform on which to build products to deliver on this vision.
Conduction mechanisms in Ta2O5 stack in response to rapid thermal annealing
Authors: D. Spassov, E. Atanassova
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2008)

The influence of the rapid thermal annealing (RTA) in vacuum at 1000^oC on the leakage current characteristics and conduction mechanisms in thermal Ta"2O"5 (7-40nm) on Si has been studied. It was established that the effect of RTA depends on both the initial parameters of the films (defined by the oxidation temperature and film thickness) and annealing time (15-60s). The RTA tends to change the distribution and the density of the traps in stack, and this reflects on the dielectric and leakage properties. The thinner the film and the poorer the oxidation, the more susceptible the layer to heating. The short (15s) annealing is effective in improving the leakage characteristics of poorly oxidized samples. The RTA effect, however, is rather deleterious than beneficial, for the thinner layers with good oxygen stoichiometry. RTA modifies the conduction mechanism of Ta"2O"5 films only in the high-field region. The annealing time has strong impact on the appearance of a certain type of reactions upon annealing resulting to variation of the ratio between donors and traps into Ta"2O"5, causing different degree of compensation, and consequently to domination of one of the two mechanisms at high fields (Schottky emission or Poole-Frenkel effect). Trends associated with simultaneous action of annealing and generation of traps during RTA processing, and respectively the domination of one of them, are discussed.
Decoupling the Fermi-level pinning effect and intrinsic limitations on p-type effective work function metal electrodes
Authors: Huang-Chun Wen, Prashant Majhi, Kisik Choi, C. S. Park, Husam N. Alshareef, H. Rusty Harris, Hongfa Luan, Hiro Niimi, Hong-Bae Park, Gennadi Bersuker, Patrick S. Lysaght, Dim-Lee Kwong, S. C. Song, Byoung Hun Lee, Raj Jammy
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2008)

A review of literature combined with recent experimental results addressing the intrinsic and extrinsic factors controlling the effective work function (EWF) of metal gate electrodes on Hf-based high-K dielectrics is discussed. Through a systematic study including accurate extraction of EWF, our observations suggest, unlike popularly perceived, intrinsic E"f-pinning does not limit the EWF tuning on high-K. Also, a critical issue challenging the maintenance of high EWF metals at low effective oxide thicknesses (EOT), due to a new phenomena described as the ''V"f"b roll-off'', is reported for the first time.
Design of Modular Rendering Pipeline
Authors: Toma Agoston, Csaba Csuprai, Juraj Onderik, Roman Durikovic
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th IEEE International Conference on Computer and Information Technology (2007)

systems have a limited modularity of rendering pipelines. Users cannot assemble a custom rendering algorithm. In this paper, we propose a modular component based rendering pipeline with concepts of visual programming. We briefly define a general module-based architecture for visual programming in graphics systems focusing on rendering pipelines. We suggest improvements by a definition of new connection link types, which reduce the complexity of the modular scheme representing a particular rendering algorithm. Furthermore, we extend the existing logic of the scene by defining the rendering process as a scene element. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of our approach, and state particular fields worthy of application. Presented ideas are the results of our analysis. The respective prototype application is still in development.
The Inhibition of Potential Parallelism by Conditional Jumps
Authors: E. M. Riseman
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (1972)

This note reports the results of an examination of seven programs originally written for execution on a conventional computer (CDC-3600). We postulate an infinite machine, one with an infinite memory and instruction stack, infinite registers and memory, and an infinite number of functional units. This machine wiU exectite a program in parallel at maximum speed by executing each instruction at the earliest possible moment.
Achieving True Video-on-Demand Service in Multi-Hop WiMax Mesh Networks
Authors: Fei Xie, Kien A. Hua, Ning Jiang
Venue: Proceedings of the 32nd IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks (2007)

In this work, we discuss how to support Video-on- Demand service in multi-hop WiMax mesh networks. We are interested in the scenario that end users connect to the video servers through the base station of the multi-hop WiMax networks. We propose a model that can jointly solve the admission control and channel scheduling problems. Our proposed approach guarantees the required data rate is achieved for video streams, which is crucial for multimedia streaming applications. An efficient multicast routing technique is also proposed to minimize the bandwidth cost of joining a multicast tree. Furthermore, we adopt the application layer Patching technique to accommodate end users that join a video multicast group at different times. Overall, our solution efficiently utilizes the bandwidth resource of the networks and provides data rate guarantee for video streams. Simulation study shows that with the proposed approach, true Video-on-Demand in WiMax mesh networks can be achieved under high video request arrival rate.
Botnet Detection by Monitoring Group Activities in DNS Traffic
Authors: Hyunsang Choi, Hanwoo Lee, Heejo Lee, Hyogon Kim
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th IEEE International Conference on Computer and Information Technology (2007)

cial benefits through a large pool of compromised hosts, which are called software robots or simply "bots." A group of bots, referred to as a botnet, is remotely controllable by a server and can be used for sending spam mails, stealing personal information, and launching DDoS attacks. Growing popularity of botnets compels to find proper countermeasures but existing defense mechanisms hardly catch up with the speed of botnet technologies. In this paper, we propose a botnet detection mechanism by monitoring DNS traffic to detect botnets, which form a group activity in DNS queries simultaneously sent by distributed bots. A few works have been proposed based on particular DNS information generated by a botnet, but they are easily evaded by changing bot programs. Our anomaly-based botnet detection mechanism is more robust than the previous approaches so that the variants of bots can be detectable by looking at their group activities in DNS traffic. From the experiments on a campus network, it is shown that the proposed mechanism can detect botnets effectively while bots are connecting to their server or migrating to another server.
Aspects of Mathematical Expression Analysis in Arabic Handwriting
Authors: E. Smirnova, S. Watt
Venue: Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition - Volume 02 (2007)

We address the question of recognizing handwritten mathematics in Arabic and related languages. After presenting an overview of the major styles used to express mathematics in these settings we outline potential problems specific to the representations. Finally, we discuss how some existing strategies for on-line analysis of handwritten mathematics can be adapted for this context.
Rk-hist: an r-tree based histogram for multi-dimensional selectivity estimation
Authors: Todd Eavis, Alex Lopez
Venue: Proceedings of the sixteenth ACM conference on Conference on information and knowledge management (2007)

Database query engines typically rely upon query size estimators in order to evaluate the potential cost of alternate query plans. In multi-dimensional database systems, such as those typically found in large data warehousing environments, these selectivity estimators often take the form of multi-dimensional histograms. But while single dimensional histograms have proven to be quite accurate, even in the presence of data skew, the multi-dimensional variations have generally been far less reliable. In this paper, we present a new histogram model that is based upon an r-tree space partitioning. The localization of the r-tree boxes is in turn controlled by a Hilbert space filling curve, while a series of efficient area equalization heuristics restructures the initial boxes to provide improved bucket representation. Experimental results demonstrate significantly improved estimation accuracy relative to state of the art alternatives, as well as superior consistency across a variety of record distributions.
Codec Testing Using Synchronized Analog And Digital Signals
Authors: Douglas Shirachi
Venue: IEEE Design Test (1985)

Five methods for verifying coder/decoder operation in telecommunications PC boards provide the engineer optimal fault coveragewith minimal test time. All methods support a dual-purpose testing strategy: (1) to conduct an in-circuit board test to detectassembly errors before a functional test and (2) to conduct a functional test in which stress is applied to detect marginalperformance. All methods involve the use of synchronized analog and digital signals with optional IEEE-488 instruments fordetail inspection. The first two methods, coder testing and decoder testing, are appropriate techniques for traditional in-circuittesting. The next two methods, analog loopback testing and digital loopback testing, are considered quasi-functional tests.The test signal path between stimulus and response may traverse a number of different ICs but not dynamically test completeboard operation. The last method, functional instruments testing, allows detailed performance parameters specific to the devicebeing tested to be verified. Sample test programs are presented for each method. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Securing Pocket Hard Drives
Authors: Nishkam Ravi, Chandra Narayanaswami, Mandayam Raghunath, Marcel-Catalin Rosu
Venue: IEEE Pervasive Computing (2007)

The availability of inexpensive portable storage devices has made it easier for users to carry data and programs with them and borrow computing platforms when needed. This article focuses on portable storage-based personalization, in which users boot the borrowed PC from their portable storage devices. It analyzes this model's security implications and present a scheme to protect the portable storage device from untrusted platforms. The protection scheme includes running tests stored on the portable storage device to assess the borrowed platform's integrity and ensuring that these tests execute without tampering. This article is part of a special issue on security and privacy.
The Avoidance and Elimination of Function Hazards in Asynchronous Sequential Circuits
Authors: R. R. Hackbart, D. L. Dietmeyer
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (1971)

Armstrong et al.[1] have shown how critical races and function hazards can be suppressed in asynchronous sequential circuits by using gate delays to advantage rather than introducing explicit delay elements, if certain delay assumptions are satisfied. This paper shows that the same techniques may be used to design circuits which will respond reliably to simultaneous changes of several input variables.
A Formal Model for Data Storage Security Evaluation
Authors: Tomasz Bilski
Venue: Proceedings of the The 2007 International Conference Computational Science and its Applications (2007)

Backup systems use LAN or WAN. The networks and remote systems are not managed by data owner. It is necessary to integrate network storage systems with security mechanisms. There are many solutions to the backup confidentiality problem. In a given application one has to select the solution according to many factors such as: security level, performance, key management issues and overall cost. The optimization problem may be solved with a use of simulation tools. Diverse, general and specific models have been proposed. Most of them deal only with parts of the problem. The model presented in the paper is more general. It deals simultaneously with all 3 security attributes. It deals with data lifecycle and utilizes storage and transmission convergence.
Interference analysis and transmit power control in IEEE 802.11a/h wireless LANs
Authors: Daji Qiao, Sunghyun Choi, Kang G. Shin
Venue: IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON) (2007)

Reducing the energy consumption by wireless communication devices is perhaps the most important issue in the widely deployed and dramatically growing IEEE 802.11 WLANs (wireless local area networks). TPC (transmit power control) has been recognized as one of the effective ways to achieve this goal. In this paper, we study the emerging 802.11a/h systems that provide a structured means to support intelligent TPC. Based on a rigorous analysis of the relationship among different radio ranges and TPC's effects on the interference, we present an optimal low-energy transmission strategy, called MiSer, which is deployed in the format of RTS-CTS(strong)-Data(MiSer)-Ack. The key idea of MiSer is to combine TPC with PHY (physical layer) rate adaptation and compute offline an optimal rate-power combination table, then at runtime, a wireless station determines the most energy-efficient transmission strategy for each data frame transmission by a simple table lookup. Simulation results show MiSer's clear superiority to other two-way or four-way frame exchange mechanisms in terms of energy conservation.
In Search of a Unified Theory of Software Engineering
Authors: Pontus Johnson, Mathias Ekstedt
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Software Engineering Advances (2007)

Highly successful scientific disciplines have at least one common denominator; they have developed unified theories that span a large set of phenomena within the discipline. The discipline of software engineering today features a multitude of disparate and fragmented micro-theories. Among these micro-theories, many speak of different things, many speak differently of similar things, and few can be employed consistently together. Since these micro-theories are so numerous and diverse, software engineering also lacks a common vocabulary for communication and argumentation. There are no real rules for separating sound arguments from unsound ones. This article argues that the search for a single unified theory of software engineering is both viable and desirable. In order to do so, requirements for such a unified theory are outlined. Then three well-known software engineering theories that could constitute embryos to unified theories are considered in the light of the presented requirements.
Profiling system of XML multimedia documents based on UML Diagrams
Authors: Yan Ha, Roger Lee
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering Research, Management & Applications (2007)

While XML applications in various fields have emerged, a few profiling languages have appeared by developers who need special functionalities included in two more XML documents. Profile language is briefly defined as the combination of two or more XML applications. However, there are no sufficient tools and software to modelize XML profiling languages so far. Therefore, this paper suggests methods to modelize XML multimedia profiling language by using an object-oriented approach. This paper also contributes to the facilitated generation of object database schemes and codes using UML tools.
A Multi-scale Phase Method for Content Based Image Retrieval
Authors: Xingxing Chen, Rong Zhang, Zhengkai Liu, Lei Song
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Image and Graphics (2007)

In this paper, we present a method using phase features for content based image retrieval (CBIR). Two related key issues of CBIR are feature extraction and similarity measure. However, most traditional methods treat them respectively and prevent further performance improvement. The method proposed here is based on the multi-scale local phase feature (MLPF) and local weighted phase correlation which combines the above two issues together by phase. And phase data is often locally stable with respect to noise, scale change and common illumination change. Moreover, we implement steerable filters to obtain rotation invariant. Finally, experiments have been conducted on image retrieval to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
An Improved Upper Bound for the Finite Delay of Graphs
Authors: B. Vilfan
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (1970)

The notion of graphs solvable with finite delay appears in [1] and [4]. In this note the upper bound on finite delay for a graph with N nodes is reduced to the order of 2N2using techniques from finite automata theory.
You oughta be in pictures
Authors: Chris Davison
Venue: Computers in Entertainment (CIE) (2007)

A golden age of old worlds, new worlds and hybrids. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Telehealth in Context: Socio-technical Barriers to Telehealth use in Labrador, Canada
Authors: Katrina Peddle
Venue: Computer Supported Cooperative Work (2007)

Currently telehealth is being offered as an innovative solution to austerity, staffing issues and problems accessing care in Canada's rural communities. Despite the current enthusiasm for telehealth in provincial and federal policy documents, many of these promises have not been realized. The Labrador region is a large and sparsely populated area that was vested with a federal "Smart Community" project to increase the region's technological capacity, making it one of the most connected locales in the country. While telehealth was a key component of the SmartLabrador plan, there has been limited uptake of newly available technologies for the purposes of mediating distance in health care. My work critically examines the factors surrounding this lack of uptake, and takes the work of Harold Innis as a starting point when analyzing the breakdown of time and space in Labrador. Focused around qualitative field research conducted in Labrador in 2003, I explore spatialization, structuration and work practice as they relate to telehealth use and non-use in the region. I review federal and provincial telehealth policy to provide a macro context for the study, which I then link to meso and micro levels of analysis in organization structures and situated work practice. I examine telehealth in the user context from the health care provider perspective. This reveals several constraints that have limited the usage of new technologies for health communication in Labrador. The user context must be considered in the design of telehealth programs and policy if the desired outcomes for telehealth are to be realized. The barriers to telehealth use are not simply technical, but relate to issues of privacy, culture and trust. I discuss these and other barriers with a focus on the needs of the Labrador community.
From bio-inspired vs. psycho-inspired to etho-inspired robots
Authors: José M. Cañas, Vicente Matellán
Venue: Robotics and Autonomous Systems (2007)

Artificial intelligence has been roughly divided into two schools of thought since its beginnings, the symbolic (also known as GOFAI, neat, classical, etc.) and the subsymbolic one (connectionist, scruffy, etc.). These two approaches have also had strong influence on the robotics field. In this paper we want to present a less known one, based on Ethology, and its application to the generation of autonomous behavior in mobile robots. In this way, we present the foundations of JDE (Jerarquia Dinamica de Esquemas), an etho-inspired architecture where behavior is organized as a dynamic hierarchy of independent schemas, as well as some examples of its applications, and a discussion about its properties.
Mind the face
Authors: Froukje Sleeswijk Visser, Pieter Jan Stappers
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 conference on Designing pleasurable products and interfaces (2007)

Images of real people trigger designers to empathise with users. This paper explores the use of visual representations of a person's face in conveying results of user studies to design teams. Several small and large studies with different explorations around the search, choices and use of images are described. The paper concludes with tentative guidelines for selecting and creating effective images of users in design communication.