ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Developing a sustainable instructional leadership model: a six-year investigation of teachers in one urban middle school
Authors: Hee-Sun Lee, Nancy Butler Songer, Soo-Young Lee
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Learning sciences (2006)

We introduce a model of instructional leadership that can self-sustain curriculum-based reforms at school sites. Our model is based on a six year longitudinal study of science teachers who implemented an inquiry-based, technology-rich weather curriculum as part of their district-wide science education reform initiatives. This study defines a sustainable leadership model similar to the flying geese metaphor. In developing our leadership model, we used multiple data sources and synthesized three bodies of literature such as community of learners in social cognition theory, instructional leadership in education, and leadership in organizational psychology.
Optimal integrated code generation for VLIW architectures: Research Articles
Authors: Christoph Kessler, Andrzej Bednarski
Venue: Concurrency and Computation: Practice Experience (2006)

We present a dynamic programming method for optimal integrated code generation for basic blocks that minimizes execution time. It can be applied to single-issue pipelined processors, in-order-issue superscalar processors, VLIW architectures with a single homogeneous register set, and clustered VLIW architectures with multiple register sets. For the case of a single register set, our method simultaneously copes with instruction selection, instruction scheduling, and register allocation. For clustered VLIW architectures, we also integrate the optimal partitioning of instructions, allocation of registers for temporary variables, and scheduling of data transfer operations between clusters. Our method is implemented in the prototype of a retargetable code generation framework for digital signal processors (DSPs), called OPTIMIST. We present results for the processors ARM9E, TI C62x, and a single-cluster variant of C62x. Our results show that the method can produce optimal solutions for small and (in the case of a single register set) medium-sized problem instances with a reasonable amount of time and space. For larger problem instances, our method can be seamlessly changed into a heuristic. Copyright &copy; 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Wire Structure Pattern Extraction and Tracking From X-Ray Images of Composite Mechanisms
Authors: D. Tschumperle, J. Fadili
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Volume 2 (2006)

This paper introduces a complete pipeline of image processing methods in order to analyze and track the internal structures of a composite material. As a first step, input Xray images are denoised, enhanced, separated into different morphological components, and geometrically filtered in order to isolate the interesting fiber inside the composite material. This requires the design of specific algorithms preserving very thin image details while being able to remove undesired image regions that may be sometimes large. For this purpose, we use state-of the-art techniques based on recent achievements in diffusion PDE's and modern harmonic analysis tools. Then, the shapes of the remaining fibered composite are individually analyzed by the use of a tensor-based tracking algorithm. We illustrate how this set of techniques allows the dynamic analysis of the composite structure when submitted to external mechanical loads.
An immersed interface method for simulating the interaction of a fluid with moving boundaries
Authors: Sheng Xu, Z. Jane Wang
Venue: Journal of Computational Physics (2006)

In the immersed interface method, boundaries are represented as singular force in the Navier-Stokes equations, which enters a numerical scheme as jump conditions. Recently, we systematically derived all the necessary spatial and temporal jump conditions for simulating incompressible viscous flows subject to moving boundaries in 3D with second-order spatial and temporal accuracy near the boundaries [Sheng Xu, Z. Jane Wang, Systematic derivation of jump conditions for the immersed interface method in three-dimensional flow simulation, SIAM J. Sci. Comput., 2006, in press]. In this paper we implement the immersed interface method to incorporate these jump conditions in a 2D numerical scheme. We study the accuracy, efficiency and robustness of our method by simulating Taylor-Couette flow, flow induced by a relaxing balloon, flow past single and multiple cylinders, and flow around a flapping wing. Our results show that: (1) our code has second-order accuracy in the infinity norm for both the velocity and the pressure; (2) the addition of an object introduces relatively insignificant computational cost; (3) the method is equally effective in computing flow subject to boundaries with prescribed force or boundaries with prescribed motion.
The Role of Context in m-Commerce and the Personalization Dimension
Authors: Spiridoula Koukia, Maria Rigou, Spiros Sirmakessis
Venue: Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE/WIC/ACM international conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology (2006)

The rapid development of mobile devices contributed to the introduction of m-commerce whose growth is expected to exceed that of e-commerce. The interface usability of mobile applications is a critical factor for the acceptance of m-commerce, as a good interface design allows users achieve high performance when using mobile applications. However, this it is especially difficult to achieve due to certain limitations of mobile devices; limited processing power, low-bandwidth communication, small display and overall device size, limited mobile internet coverage, delays in standardization and poor quality of service. In this paper, we discuss the particular characteristics of the mobile setting, survey available design guidelines and stress the crucial role personalization can play for alleviating the aforementioned problems and allowing m-commerce reach its full potential.
me-Commerce: An Infrastructure for Personal Predictive Mobile Commerce
Authors: Andreas Komninos, Peter Barrie, Julian Newman, Stuart Landsburgh
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Mobile Business (2006)

Given mobile phone penetration statistics and current mobile phone technical specifications, it is apparent that in developed countries, the majority of citizens carry not just mobile phones, but true mobile computing devices. These devices are still primarily used for telephony, although information access is slowly emerging as a popular service on these devices. Despite the availability of network connectivity and device characteristics that make Information Access possible, this is currently generally confined to accessing the WWW. While useful, this method is not the best way of providing information access to mobile devices. This paper discusses current research in the use of mobile services and proceeds by presenting a background on an infrastructure for a focused information access application for mobile commerce. Through this background, we discuss the need for embedding multi-dimensional context awareness into the design of applications that provide dedicated, targeted and personalised information access to users, and describe the dimensional vectors necessary for the acquisition of contextual information. Further to this, the paper highlights the challenges that must be overcome in obtaining contextual information on a mobile computing scenario, as required by the design we propose.
A Process Model Design and Tool Development for Supplier Agreement Management of CMMI: Capability Level 2
Authors: Chakkanart Vivatanavorasin, Nakornthip Prompoon, Athasit Surarerks
Venue: Proceedings of the XIII Asia Pacific Software Engineering Conference (2006)

Acquired software products from suppliers are being increasing tremendously because of insufficiency of resources and capable employees. To manage and monitor the product acquisition process effectively according to a signed contract with a supplier, an organization has to define the standard of workflow, deliverable products in each step and staff roles and responsibilities, etc. Thus, there is a need to incorporate these diversified processes into a single process model that could helps to reach the software product acquisition goal. CMMI defines Supplier Agreement Management process area (SAM) that relates to product acquisition but it does not describe how the organization should do to achieve its expectation. This research presents a business workflow process model for SAM process area of CMMI: capability level 2. It consists of three layers: contextual layer, elaboration layer, and definition layer. A software tool called Supplier Agreement Management Tool (SAMT) is also developed to help integrate the details of our approach and can be used for the proposed process model.
Estimating Reflectance Parameters of an Object from Saturated Spectral Images
Authors: Shiying Li, Yoshitsugu Manabe, Kunihiro Chihara
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualisation (2006)

A method is described to reproduce reflection properties at the surface of real objects using spectral images, which are often saturated because of the limited dynamic range of image detectors. Reflection components are separated into diffuse and specular reflection components based on the dichromatic model at 5-nm wavelength intervals between 380nm and 780nm for each pixel of the spectral images, and diffuse reflectance parameters are estimated during the separation. To estimate specular reflectance parameters, the Gaussian distribution function of the Torrance- Sparrow reflection model is transformed logarithmically to a linear form, and the unsaturated values of the specular reflection components are subjected to the least squares method. Experimental results with a real object demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method.
TTTC Newsletter
Authors: Bruce C. Kim
Venue: IEEE Design Test (2006)

This newsletter provides information on past and upcoming events related to the IEEE Computer Society's Test Technology Technical Council and the test community.
Dynamic Focus Strategies for Electronic Trade Execution in Limit Order Markets
Authors: Jiaqi Wang, Chengqi Zhang
Venue: Proceedings of the The 8th IEEE International Conference on E-Commerce Technology and The 3rd IEEE International Conference on Enterprise Computing, E-Commerce, and E-Services (2006)

Trade execution has attracted lots of attention from academia and financial industry due to its significant impact on investment return. Recently, limit order strategies for trade execution were backtested on historical order/trade data and dynamic price adjustment was proposed to respond state variables in execution. This paper emphasizes the effect of dynamic volume adjustment on limit order strategies and proposes dynamic focus (DF) strategies, which incorporate a series of market orders of different volume into the limit order strategy and dynamically adjusts their volume by monitoring state variables such as inventory and order book imbalance in real-time. The sigmoid function is suggested as the quantitative model to represent the relationship between the state variables and the volume to be adjusted. The empirical results on historical order/trade data of the Australian Stock Exchange show that the DF strategy can outperform the limit order strategy, which does not adopt dynamic volume adjustment.
Usability evaluation of library online catalogues
Authors: Hayley White, Tim Wright, Brenda Chawner
Venue: Proceedings of the 7th Australasian User interface conference - Volume 50 (2006)

We performed a usability evaluation of four New Zealand university online library catalogues. The evaluation found severe usability problems with online catalogues--we found so many problems we were forced to use a card sorting technique to understand and classify the problems. These problems cover almost all aspects of catalogue use and existed across all the evaluated catalogues.This paper describes the evaluation and a summary of the results. Additionally, we illustrate a redesigned search screen to avoid many of the problems we identified.
Exponential bounds and stopping rules for MCMC and general Markov chains
Authors: I. Kontoyiannis, L. A. Lastras-Montaño, S. P. Meyn
Venue: Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Performance evaluation methodolgies and tools (2006)

We develop explicit, general bounds for the probability that the empirical sample averages of a function of a Markov chain on a general alphabet will exceed the steady-state mean of that function by a given amount. Our bounds combine simple information-theoretic ideas together with techniques from optimization and some fairly elementary tools from analysis. In one direction, motivated by central problems in simulation, we develop bounds for the general class of "geometrically ergodic" Markov chains. These bounds take a form that is particularly suited to simulation problems, and they naturally lead to a new class of sampling criteria. These are illustrated by several examples. In another direction, we obtain a new bound for the important special class of Doeblin chains; this bound is optimal, in the sense that in the special case of independent and identically distributed random variables it essentially reduces to the classical Hoeffding bound.
On parameter estimation of a simple real-time flow aggregation model: Research Articles
Authors: Huirong Fu
Venue: International Journal of Communication Systems (2006)

There exists a clear need for a comprehensive framework for accurately analysing and realistically modelling the key traffic statistics that determine network performance. Recently, a novel traffic model, sinusoid with uniform noise (SUN), has been proposed, which outperforms other models in that it can simultaneously achieve tractability, parsimony, accuracy (in predicting network performance), and efficiency (in real-time capability). In this paper, we design, evaluate and compare several estimation approaches, including variance-based estimation (Var), minimum mean-square-error-based estimation (MMSE), MMSE with the constraint of variance (Var+MMSE), MMSE of autocorrelation function with the constraint of variance (Var+AutoCor+MMSE), and variance of secondary demand-based estimation (Secondary Variance), to determining the key parameters in the SUN model. Integrated with the SUN model, all the proposed methods are able to capture the basic behaviour of the aggregation reservation system and closely approximate the system performance. In addition, we find that: (1) the Var is very simple to operate and provides both upper and lower performance bounds. It can be integrated into other methods to provide very accurate approximation to the aggregation's performance and thus obtain an accurate solution; (2) Var+AutoCor+MMSE is superior to other proposed methods in the accuracy to determine system performance; and (3) Var+MMSE and Var+AutoCor+MMSE differ from the other three methods in that both adopt an experimental analysis method, which helps to improve the prediction accuracy while reducing computation complexity. Copyright &copy; 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
MPM: a hierarchical clustering algorithm using matrix partitioning method for non-numeric data
Authors: Hewijin Christine Jiau, Yi-Jen Su, Yeou-Min Lin, Shang-Rong Tsai
Venue: Journal of Intelligent Information Systems (2006)

The Publisher regrets that the original article incorrectly listed the authors' location as the "People's Republic of China". This was a typesetting error. Their correct location is the "Republic of China", which is also known as Taiwan. Their full affiliation is Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Microstimulation of the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Biases Saccade Target Selection
Authors: Ioan Opris, Andrei Barborica, Vincent P. Ferrera
Venue: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2005)

A long-standing issue concerning the executive function of the primate dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is how the activity of prefrontal neurons is linked to behavioral response selection. To establish a functional relationship between prefrontal memory fields and saccade target selection, we trained three macaque monkeys to make saccades to the remembered location of a visual cue in a delayed spatial match-to-sample saccade task. We electrically stimulated sites in the prefrontal cortex with subthreshold currents during the delay epoch while monkeys performed this task. Our results show that the artificially injected signal interacts with the neural activity responsible for target selection, biasing saccade choices either towards the receptive/movement field (RF/MF) or away from the RF/MF, depending on the stimulation site. These findings might reflect a functional link between prefrontal signals responsible for the selection bias by modulating the balance between excitation and inhibition in the competitive interactions underlying behavioral selection.
Synchronization of chaotic oscillators with type-I intermittency
Authors: V. M. Ivanchenko, G. V. Osipov, V. D. Shalfeev
Venue: Proceedings of the 2003 International Conference on Physics and Control - Volume 2 (2003)

We study phase synchronization effects of chaotic oscillators with type-I intermittency behavior. The external and mutual locking of the average length of the laminar stage for coupled discrete and continuous in time systems is shown. The mechanism of synchronization is explained. It is demonstrated that the considered synchronization can be described using results of the parametric resonance theory and that this correspondence enables one to predict and derive all zones of synchronization. Synchronization of chaotic oscillations is a fundamental phenomenon observed in nature and science. Three main types of synchronization have been studied, namely, complete (or full) synchronization, generalized synchronization, and phase synchronization (for a review about chaotic synchronization). Complete synchronization of identical systems occurs when the states of coupled systems coincide. Generalized synchronization implies that the output of one system is associated with a given function of the output of the other system. Chaotic phase synchronization (CPS) is very similar to the synchronization of periodic oscillations and is manifested in the coincidence of characteristic time scales of coupled systems. Till now CPS has been observed for rather phase coherent chaotic attractors that occur after the cascade of period doubling bifurcations. However there are several other routes to chaos and observation of synchronization of corresponding chaotic attractors is still absent.
Modeling the Case Study with LDL and Implementing it with LDI
Authors: Christian Martel, Laurence Vignollet, Christine Ferraris
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (2006)

This paper describes how we address the different steps proposed in the workshop "Comparing Educational Modeling Languages on a case study" with LDL and the associated infrastructure LDI.
Multiobjective Genetic Algorithm for k-way Equipartitioning of a Point Set with Application to CAD-VLSI
Authors: Sriparna Saha, Susmita Sur-Kolay, Sanghamitra Bandyopadhyay, Parthasarathi Dasgupta
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Information Technology (2006)

Buffered clock-tree design, with cells at its leaves, are known to meet timing and skew requirements better. Clustering of flip-flops leads to reduced clock-tree wirelengths and power-efficient layouts. In this paper, the problem of clustering flip-flops in a given placement is formulated as Multi-way Equi-Partitioning of a given point set, such that (i) total area of the partition (ii) area of the largest partition and (iii) total deviation of the partitions, are minimal. For this computationally expensive multiobjective optimization problem, also relevant to design of semi-synchronous systems, a technique based on genetic algorithm, is proposed. Crossover and mutation operators specific to the k-way equipartitioning problem, have been designed and a new greedy heuristic operator is employed to accelerate the convergence. Results on data sets obtained from layouts of ISCAS89 benchmark circuit demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Efficient kernel feature extraction for massive data sets
Authors: Ivor W. Tsang, Andras Kocsor, James T. Kwok
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining (2006)

Maximum margin discriminant analysis (MMDA) was proposed that uses the margin idea for feature extraction. It often outperforms traditional methods like kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) and kernel Fisher discriminant analysis (KFD). However, as in other kernel methods, its time complexity is cubic in the number of training points m, and is thus computationally inefficient on massive data sets. In this paper, we propose an (1+ε)2-approximation algorithm for obtaining the MMDA features by extending the core vector machines. The resultant time complexity is only linear in m, while its space complexity is independent of m. Extensive comparisons with the original MMDA, KPCA, and KFD on a number of large data sets show that the proposed feature extractor can improve classification accuracy, and is also faster than these kernel-based methods by more than an order of magnitude.
Paths of C-Bézier and C-B-spline curves
Authors: Miklós Hoffmann, Yajuan Li, Guozhao Wang
Venue: Computer Aided Geometric Design (2006)

C-Bézier and C-B-spline curves, as the trigonometric extensions of cubic uniform spline curves are well-known in geometric modeling. These curves depend on a shape parameter α ∈ (0, π] about what the only fact we know is that α → 0 yields the cubic polynomial curves. The geometric effect of the alteration of this parameter is discussed in this paper by the help of relative parametrization and linear approximation.
Trust and Security in Peer-to-Peer System
Authors: Vijay Kumar
Venue: Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Database and Expert Systems Applications (2006)

The security and trust in P2P systems are quite complex mainly because of their heterogeneity. Conventional approaches for dealing with these issues are not satisfactory. In this paper the trust issue is investigated and an innovative approach is discussed.
Users-Grid Matlab Plug-in: Enabling Matlab for the Grid
Authors: Raihan Ur Rasool, Guo Qingping
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on e-Business Engineering (2006)

Computer hardware is advancing rapidly, but it also has increased the performance expectations. Even now modeling and simulation of large systems often require more computational resources than are available on a single computer. Users-Grid is a simple solution to run existing applications including Matlab on the Grid and to increase the system availability. Even computations that take several minutes to complete, can benefit greatly from using Users-Grid Matlab Plug-in The first part of this project has been completed and results are explained.