ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
A Squeak-Based Educational Software " Happy Learning
Authors: Juan Ye, Zhiyong Peng
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Creating, Connecting and Collaborating through Computing (2004)

This paper introduces a Squeak-based educationalsoftware ¿ Happy Learning. The software providespowerful tools for carrying out virtual experiments,doing exercises as well as tests, and makingcourseware. It has rich resources which consist of allkinds of learning materials, such as a large amount ofcourseware prepared in advance, and exercises fromvarious subjects. In order to organize the resourcesefficiently, we introduce Object Deputy Model. Themodel provides view mechanisms, rich semantics,multiple inheritances, and multiple classifications,which can enhance the performance and functions ofthe system.
Models as executable designs
Authors: Allan M. Stavely
Venue: ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes (1982)

If a design is viewed as a model of the eventual implementation, and if it is expressed in a well-defined design notation, it can be made executable and treated as a prototype which reflects whatever internal details are expressed in the design. However, to turn this technique into a way of constructing a prototype whose externally-observable behavior is meaningful from the user's point of view, methods must first be developed for the rapid prototyping of user interfaces.
A proposed design patterns extension for the blueJ IDE
Authors: James H. Paterson, John Haddow
Venue: ACM SIGCSE Bulletin (2004)

In this tip we describe a proposed extension to the BlueJ IDE to encapsulate knowledge of patterns in the IDE and to help students explore them and learn how to make use of them.
Enhancing student learning through collaboration
Authors: Mark Ratcliffe, Jonathan Holloway, Wayne Ellis
Venue: ACM SIGCSE Bulletin (2004)

There is plenty of evidence to suggest that collaborative working has much to offer the learning process. Though it is used in many different disciplines, its use is curtailed largely due to the fact that many feel that the assessment is rather subjective and often unfair. It is difficult to identify individual contributions within a team. Some students can avoid making any real contributions whilst being carried, or hiding behind, stronger group members. Stronger group members can become disillusioned without the benefit of appropriate recognition.It is important to overcome the problem of assessing group work. One of the most powerful is the use of VorteX, a recent development undertaken in Aberystwyth that provides real time collaboration aimed specifically at novice programmers offering: remote collaborative working, individual contribution metrics, animated replays of the entire group work, and scope for potentially any group working exercise. VorteX has been used with great success on a number of first year projects as demonstrated by the following quote:"I found the experience both enjoyable and insightful. Initially I was a little apprehensive at not knowing who I was working with. What I really found interesting about the experience was that it was almost like plugging straight into my colleague's heads, in effect bypassing or filtering out all the visual "noise" associated with day-to-day communication. This permitted us to operate mainly on an intellectual level. Working in this way allowed Student-X [a profoundly deaf student] to interact with us on an equal footing without the usual communication problems and physical barriers enabling him to work freely and express his ideas effortlessly.Significance and Relevance of the Topic: Many academics share the opinion that collaborative work is of significant value. Unfortunately the available methods of assessment make it hard to use to its full potential. This demonstration will introduce new ideas that will make assessment much fairer and less subjective.
Deformable Maps and Spaces: Visualizing Users' Points of Interest and User Communication
Authors: Hiroya Tanaka
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Creating, Connecting and Collaborating through Computing (2004)

Web-based virtual space, which is often representedas a 2D or 3D space, is useful for people wanting toconnect, collaborate and communicate through theInternet. Moreover, attractive functions can beoptionally added to a virtual space to enhance userinteractions and activities. In this paper, we focus onsuch a function, spatial deformation, which is appliedfor the dual purpose of preserving and visualizingeach userýs points of interest in a virtual world. Thespatial deformation concept can be adapted to manytypes of virtual world; for example,2D/3D worlds orimage-based/object-based worlds. We discuss thebasic algorithms that can be used with this functionand preliminary experiments done using our prototypesystem.
Direct simulation of particle suspensions in sliding bi-periodic frames
Authors: Wook Ryol Hwang, Martien A. Hulsen, Han E. H. Meijer
Venue: Journal of Computational Physics (2004)

We present a new finite element scheme for direct simulations of inertialess particle suspensions in simple shear flows of a Newtonian fluid. The sliding bi-periodic domain concept of Lees and Edwards [J. Phys. C 5 (1972) 1921] has been combined with a standard velocity-pressure formulation of a fictitious-domain/finite-element method by introducing sliding bi-periodic frame constraints and it has been implemented with mortar element methods. Force-free, torque-free rigid body motions of particles are described through rigid-ring constraints and implemented by Lagrangian multipliers only on the particle boundary, which allows easy treatment of boundary-crossing particles. In our formulation, the bulk stress is obtained by simple boundary integrals of Lagrangian multipliers. Concentrating on two-dimensional circular disk particles, we discuss numerical examples of single-, two- and many-particle problems in sliding bi-periodic frames, which can represent an infinite number of such systems because of the bi-periodicity. The accuracy and convergence have been verified via comparison with a boundary-fitted mesh problem for velocities, pressures and velocity gradients. The present formulation is quite well suited for suspensions of micro/nano particles in simple shear flows and can be easily extended to viscoelastic flow problems.
Building Virtual Environment Systems (and Games) with User Network Awareness
Venue: Proceedings of the Theory and Practice of Computer Graphics 2004 (TPCG'04) (2004)

The current development approach with networkedapplications is to isolate the user from the state of thenetwork. With Virtual Environment systems and onlinegames, this design principle seriously hampers theutility of the application for the users, who associatemost disruptions to network problems.The Perceptual Network Metaphors (PNM) is anovel approach to handle the negative impact ofdegraded network performance on people's experiencewith online applications of real-time interaction.Contrary to hiding the impact of the network from theparticipants, the application monitors the state of thenetwork and integrates the information in the displayin a seamless fashion.The paper presents the PNM conceptual frameworkand an early prototype.
On systems of algebraic equations with parametric exponents
Authors: Kazuhiro Yokoyama
Venue: Proceedings of the 2004 international symposium on Symbolic and algebraic computation (2004)

We deal with systems of algebraic equations with parametric exponents. As the first step for solving such systems,we consider the most simple cases, univariate case and 0-dimensional case, and give a concrete method for computing Gröbner bases. From studies on such cases, we derive a simple formulation and basic notions which will be helpful to deal with more complicated cases.
A Novel Out-of-band Signaling Mechanism for Enhanced Real-time Support in Tactical Ad hoc Wireless Networks
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th IEEE Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium (2004)

Ad hoc wireless networks have been an increasinglyimportant area of research in the recent past. One issue of great interestin this area is the provision of real-time support. While existingmilitary applications use reservation-based approaches to providereal-time bandwidth guarantees, these schemes are adverselyaffected by node mobility. In this paper, we propose an enhancedreal-time support scheme that uses a novel out-of-band signalingmechanism to predict future mobility patterns and take correctiveaction when needed. We also propose an architecture to supportdifferentiated service classes. This helps mobility affected nodes totake proactive measures so as to offer better real-time services tobandwidth critical applications. Through extensive simulations,we show that the use of the out-of-band signaling leads to betterreal-time support overall, and better response to the more criticalclasses as needed. We also provide a theoretical analysis forestimating the probability of disruption of a real-time call.
Hybrid Rendering " A New Integration of Photogrammetry and Laser Scanning for Image Based Rendering
Venue: Proceedings of the Theory and Practice of Computer Graphics 2004 (TPCG'04) (2004)

Constructing accurate architectural models ofinteriors is a non-trivial task. Photogrammetry can beused to recover the large-scale features but hasdifficulty in modelling sufficient detail. Laser scanningon the other hand produces highly detailed depth databut is difficult to turn into a globally consistent model.We present a hybrid system for the creation ofphotorealistic and geometrically efficient and accuratemodels through the integration of photogrammetricmodelling techniques with laser acquired range data.Our Hybrid Rendering software builds on thefoundation of the Facade photogrammetric modellingsystem, but improves the degree of complexity of thisrepresentation by incorporating range data for thoseparts of the scene that are unmodelled. The salientplanar features in the scan are extracted and used toalign the models via a two-stage quaternion-based andICP-based registration. The process allows forstraightforward integration of multiple range scans.Rendering of novel views is achieved using view-dependenttexture mapping techniques combined withpoint-based rendering.
The polytope of non-crossing graphs on a planar point set
Authors: David Orden, Francisco Santos
Venue: Proceedings of the 2004 international symposium on Symbolic and algebraic computation (2004)

For any finite set A of n points in general position in R2, we define a (3n-3)-dimensional simple polyhedron whose face poset is isomorphic to the poset of "non-crossing marked graphs" with vertex set A, where a marked graph is defined as a geometric graph together with a subset of its pointed vertices. The poset of non-crossing graphs on A appears as the complement of the star of a face in that polyhedron.The polyhedron has a unique maximal bounded face, of dimension 3n-3-2n;b; where n;b; is the number of convex hull points of A. The vertices of this polytope are all the pseudo triangulations of A, and the edges are flips of two types: the traditional diagonal flips (in pseudo-triangulations) and the removal or insertion of a single edge.
Extracting fuzzy classification rules from partially labeled data
Authors: A. Klose
Venue: Soft Computing - A Fusion of Foundations, Methodologies and Applications (2004)

The interpretability and flexibility of fuzzy if-then rules make them a popular basis for classifiers. It is common to extract them from a database of examples. However, the data available in many practical applications are often unlabeled, and must be labeled manually by the user or by expensive analyses. The idea of semi-supervised learning is to use as much labeled data as available and try to additionally exploit the information in the unlabeled data. In this paper we describe an approach to learn fuzzy classification rules from partially labeled datasets.
Evaluating the Impact of Limited Resource on the Performance of Flooding in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Patrick Downey, Rachel Cardell-Oliver
Venue: Proceedings of the 2004 International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks (2004)

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are large collectionsof resource limited nodes, densely deployed over alandscape. They gather and disseminate local data using multihopbroadcasting. WSN design and deployment is hampered bycurrently limited knowledge of the performance characteristicsof network nodes and protocols. Their systematic development,thus, requires a flexible simulation environment in which newmodels of specific node or network behaviours can be integratedeasily. This paper introduces a loosely coupled, object orientedsimulation environment for this task. The simulator is usedto investigate the efficiency of flooding protocols in WSNs. Fordense networks with noisy transmission, we show that using lowtransmission power maximises time and resource efficiency andthat the scalability of flooding for large networks is excellent.We demonstrate ways of improving flooding performance givenspecific deployment constraints.
Automated black-box testing of functional correctness using function approximation
Authors: Karl Meinke
Venue: Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGSOFT international symposium on Software testing and analysis (2004)

We consider black-box testing of functional correctness as a special case of a satisfiability or constraint solving problem. We introduce a general method for solving this problem based on function approximation. We then describe some practical results obtained for an automated testing algorithm using approximation by piecewise polynomial functions.
Consistency across the hierarchies of the UMLS semantic network and metathesaurus
Authors: J. J. Cimino, H. Min, Y. Perl
Venue: Journal of Biomedical Informatics (2003)

Objective. To develop and test a method for automatically detecting inconsistencies between the parent-child is-a relationships in the Metathesaurus and the ancestor-descendant relationships in the Semantic Network of the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS).Methods. We exploited the fact that each Metathesaurus concept is assigned one or more semantic types from the UMLS Semantic Network and that the semantic types are arranged in a hierarchy. We compared the semantic types of each pair of parent and child concepts to determine if the types "explained" the Metathesaurus is-a relationships. We considered cases where the semantic type of the parent was neither the same as, nor an ancestor of, the semantic type of the child to be "unexplained." We applied this method to the January 2002 release of the UMLS and examined the unexplained cases we discovered to determine their causes.Results. We found that 17,022 (24.3%) of the parent--child is-a relationships in the UMLS Metathesaurus could not be explained based on the semantic types of the concepts. Causes for these discrepancies included cases where the parent or child was missing a semantic type, cases where the semantic type of the child was too general or the semantic type of the parent was too specific, cases where the parent-child relationship was incorrect, and cases where an ancestor-descendant relationship should be added to the UMLS Semantic network. In many cases, the specific cause of the discrepancy cannot be resolved without authoritative judgment by the UMLS developers.Conclusions. Our method successfully detects inconsistencies between the hierarchies of the UMLS Metathesaurus and Semantic Network. We believe that our method should be added to the set of tools that the UMLS developers use to maintain and audit the UMLS knowledge sources.
Incorporation of Computerized Blood Product Labeling in Hospital Information System
Authors: Nikita Shklovskiy-Kordi, Boris Zingerman, Marina Krol
Venue: Proceedings of the 17th IEEE Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems (2004)

Computerized technology for control of blood product processing and transfusion isgoing to become the National Standard for the Russian Federation to prevent humanerrors in blood transfusion. Bar-code technology allows control over the processing ofblood product and blood transfusion. The new standard implemented in the hospitalinformation system ("time-oriented multi-image case history") raises its ability toautomatically detect violations of prescriptions and clinical protocols, mistakes ofidentification, both patient and blood product. The new standard for blood labeling,incorporated in hospital information system provides an effective tool for the detectionof medical errors, administration of blood products and medications, observation oftheir compatibility, identification of complication, and discrepancies betweenprocedures and protocol requirements. This system elevates the level of patient safetyand ensures improved quality control.
Spatially-decaying aggregation over a network: model and algorithms
Authors: Edith Cohen, Haim Kaplan
Venue: Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data (2004)

Data items are often associated with a location in which they are present or collected, and their relevance or influence decays with their distance. Aggregate values over such data thus depend on the observing location, where the weight given to each item depends on its distance from that location. We term such aggregation spatially-decaying.Spatially-decaying aggregation has numerous applications: Individual sensor nodes collect readings of an environmental parameter such as contamination level or parking spot availability; the nodes then communicate to integrate their readings so that each location obtains contamination level or parking availability in its neighborhood. Nodes in a p2p network could use a summary of content and properties of nodes in their neighborhood in order to guide search. In graphical databases such as Web hyperlink structure, properties such as subject of pages that can reach or be reached from a page using link traversals provide information on the page.We formalize the notion of spatially-decaying aggregation and develop efficient algorithms for fundamental aggregation functions, including sums and averages, random sampling, heavy hitters, quantiles, and Lp norms.
Thermodynamic Structure of Nonlinear Macrokinetics in Reaction-Diffusion Systems
Authors: Stanislaw Sieniutycz
Venue: Open Systems Information Dynamics (2004)

Affinity picture &mdash; new for transport phenomena &mdash; and the traditional Onsagerian picture are shown to constitute two equivalent representations for kinetics of chemical reactions and transfer processes. Two competing directions in elementary chemical or transport steps are analyzed. Nonequilibrium systems are described by equations of nonlinear kinetics of Marcelin-Kohnstamm-de Donder type that contain terms exponential with respect to the Planck potentials and temperature reciprocal. Simultaneously these equations are analytical expressions characterizing the transport of the substance or energy through the energy barrier. We regard kinetics of this sort as potential representations of a generalized law of mass action that includes the effect of transfer phenomena and external fields. We also consider physical consequences of these kinetics closely and far from equilibrium, and show how diverse processes can be described. In these developments we point out the significance of nonlinear symmetries and generalized affinity. Correspondence with the Onsager's theory is shown in the vicinity of thermodynamic equilibrium. Yet, the theory shows that far from equilibrium the rates of transport processes and chemical reactions cannot be determined uniquely in terms of their affinities because these rates depend on all state coordinates of the system.
Porting DPPX from the IBM 8100 to the IBM ES/9370: feasibility and overview
Authors: R. Abraham, B. F. Goodrich
Venue: IBM Systems Journal (1990)

The DPPX/SP operating system was converted from its original implementation on the IBM 8100 Information System architecture to a new implementation--DPPX/370--on the System/370 architecture of the ES/9370 Information System processors. Portability was not an original design objective for DPPX, and yet the conversion of the operating system was straightforward and successful. This paper investigates the design fundamentals and technical approaches that led to the successful porting of DPPX/SP to the ES/9370.
Selection weighted vector directional filters
Authors: Rastislav Lukac, Bogdan Smolka, Konstantinos N. Plataniotis, Anastasios N. Venetsanopoulos
Venue: Computer Vision and Image Understanding (2004)

In this paper, a class of weighted vector directional filters (WVDFs) based on the selection of the output sample from the multichannel input set is analyzed and optimized. The WVDF output minimizes the sum of weighted angular distances to other input samples from the filtering window. Dependent on the weighting coefficients, the class of the WVDFs can be designed to perform a number of smoothing operations with different properties, which can be applied for specific filtering scenarios. In order to adapt the weighting coefficients to varying noise and image statistics, we introduce a methodology, which achieves an optimal trade-off between smoothing and detail preserving characteristics. The proposed angular optimization algorithms take advantage of adaptive stack filters design and weighted median filtering framework. The optimized WVDFs are able to remove image noise, while maintaining excellent signal-detail preservation capabilities and sufficient robustness for a variety of signal and noise statistics.
Probabilistic Consistency Analysis for Gene Selection
Authors: Sach Mukherjee, Stephen J. Roberts
Venue: Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE Computational Systems Bioinformatics Conference (2004)

A great deal of recent research has focused on the problem of selecting differentially expressed genes from microarray data (ýgene selectioný). Recent theoretical work has shown that the effectiveness of a gene selection algorithm can be captured as a probability called ýselection accuracyý. Unfortunately, in practice, there tends to be relatively little known about the very features upon which selection accuracy depends, making it difficult to choose a suitable method. In this paper we present a ýconsistency analysisý which allows the inference of posterior distributions over selection accuracy from data. The utility of our approach lies in the fact that it can be used to assess gene selection algorithms in a practical but principled manner, and thus choose an appropriate method for given experimental data.
A systematic approach to advanced debugging: incremental compilation
Authors: Peter Fritzson
Venue: ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes (1983)

This paper presents two topics: Implementation of a debugger through use of an incremental compiler, and techniques for fine-grained incremental compilation. Both the debugger and the compiler are components of the highly Integrated programming environment DICE (Distributed Incremental Compiling Environment) which alms at providing programmer support in the case where the programming environment resides in a host computer and the program. Is running on a target computer that is connected to the host.
A Distributed Calculus for Rôle-Based Access Control
Authors: Chiara Braghin, Daniele Gorla, Vladimiro Sassone
Venue: Proceedings of the 17th IEEE workshop on Computer Security Foundations (2004)

Rôle-based access control (RBAC) is increasingly attractingattention because it reduces the complexity andcost of security administration by interposing the notion ofrôle in the assignment of permissions to users. In this paper,we present a formal framework relying on an extension ofthe ¿ calculus to study the behavior of concurrent systemsin a RBAC scenario. We define a type system ensuring thatthe specified policy is respected during computations, and abisimulation to equate systems. The theory is then appliedto three meaningful examples, namely finding the 'minimal'policy to run a given system, refining a system to be rununder a given policy (whenever possible), and minimizingthe number of users in a given system without changing theoverall behavior.