ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Innovating Collaborative Content Creation: The Role of Altruism and Wiki Technology
Authors: Christian Wagner, Pattarawan Prasarnphanich
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (2007)

Wikipedia demonstrates the feasibility and success of an innovative form of content creation, namely openly shared, collaborative writing. This research sought to understand the success of Wikipedia as a collaborative model, considering both technology and participant motivations. The research finds that while participants have both individualistic and collaborative motives, collaborative (altruistic) motives dominate. The collaboration model differs from that of open source software development, which is less inclusive with respect to participation, and more "selfish" with respect to contributor motives. The success of the Wikipedia model appears to be related to wiki technology and the "wiki way" of collaboration.
Constant-sign solutions of a system of Volterra integral equations
Authors: Ravi P. Agarwal, Donal O'Regan, Christopher C. Tisdell, Patricia J. Y. Wong
Venue: Computers Mathematics with Applications (2007)

We consider the following system of Volterra integral equations: u"i(t)=@!"0^tg"i(t,s)[f"i(s,u"1(s),u"2(s),...,u"n(s))+h"i(s,u"1(s),u"2(s),...,u"n(s))]ds,t@?[0,T],1@?i@?n and some of its particular cases that arise from physical problems. Criteria are offered for the existence of one and more constant-sign solutions u=(u"1,u"2,...,u"n) of the system in (C[0,T])^n. We say u is of constant sign if for each 1@?i@?n,@q"iu"i(t)>=0 for all t@?[0,T], where @q"i@?{1,-1} is fixed. Examples are also included to illustrate the results obtained.
A Multiscale Parametric Background Model for Stationary Foreground Object Detection
Authors: Steven Cheng, Xingzhi Luo, Suchendra M. Bhandarkar
Venue: Proceedings of the IEEE Workshop on Motion and Video Computing (2007)

Detection of stationary foreground objects within a dynamic scene is one of the goals of a video surveillance system. A parametric background maintenance and updating scheme, based on a multiple Gaussian mixture model that operates on multiple time scales, is proposed. Each color cluster in the proposed model is assigned a weight which measures the time duration and temporal recurrence frequency of the cluster. Sudden illumination changes are handled by using an adaptive histogram template whereas gradual illumination changes are automatically resolved with the adaptive background model. Stationary foreground objects are detected by maintaining their temporal history in the dynamic scene at multiple time scales. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme performs well in three distinct real-world settings.
Agent architecture for multi-robot cooperation over the Internet
Authors: Huosheng Hu, Pui Wo Tsui, Liam Cragg, Norbert Völker
Venue: Integrated Computer-Aided Engineering (2004)

In real-world applications, Internet or online robots require a high degree of autonomy and local intelligence to deal with the uncertainties in both their environments and the Internet. This paper describes our progress in building a new framework for remote cooperation of multiple online robots, which can be accessed through any Java-enabled browsers. We present an approach to the cooperation of multiple robotic agents remotely through the Internet using a low cost and portable solution. A simulated experiment on multi-robot foraging is discussed. The experiment results show that the proposed approach is easily extended to include more functionality and more robotic agents. The local intelligence and communication of remote robotic agents provides simpler control, stability and steady performance.
Beyond Broadcast--A Hybrid Testbed for Mobile TV 2.0 Services
Authors: Raimund Schatz, Norbert Jordan, Siegfried Wagner
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Networking (2007)

Current market research indicates high future demand for broadcast services such as Mobile TV. While underlying competing bearer technologies are being extensively tested and refined, the focus keeps shifting towards interactive services on top of mobile broadcast. In order to investigate the possibilities of interactive mobile TV, projects require testbeds for convergent architectures and services. However, related technologies and standards still need to mature and key components such as open, programmable TV-enabled phones are still missing. In this paper, we present our testbed for mobile interactive TV for early stage technology and application prototyping, with a focus on mobile client and network aspects. Furthermore, we illustrate the utilization of the system and outline selected future development issues concerning mobile interactivity options.
Joint government-industry-academia projects involving undergraduate students
Authors: G. J. Maffia
Venue: Proceedings of the 30th Annual Frontiers in Education - Volume 02 (2000)

In the senior year, chemical engineering students at Widener University are required to take two technical elective courses in addition to the rest of their regular courses. If a student pursues an independent study project with industry and a faculty member, then this project will usually count as a technical elective. If a student wishes to perform a work-study project then this will not count as credit but will provide the student with the opportunity to work directly with a professor or an industrial advisor on a contractual basis. Details on examples of both cases are presented for previous work and for research that is ongoing this semester at Widener University. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Speaker normalization using efficient frequency warping procedures
Authors: Li Lee, R. C. Rose
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 01 (1996)

In an effort to reduce the degradation in speech recognition performance caused by variation in vocal tract shape among speakers, a frequency warping approach to speaker normalization is investigated. A set of low complexity, maximum likelihood based frequency warping procedures have been applied to speaker normalization for a telephone based connected digit recognition task. This paper presents an efficient means for estimating a linear frequency warping factor and a simple mechanism for implementing frequency warping by modifying the filter-bank in mel-frequency cepstrum feature analysis. An experimental study comparing these techniques to other well-known techniques for reducing variability is described. The results showed that frequency warping was consistently able to reduce word error rate by 20% even for very short utterances.
Implementing Adaptive Performance Management in Server Applications
Authors: Yan Liu, Ian Gorton
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 International Workshop on Software Engineering for Adaptive and Self-Managing Systems (2007)

Performance and scalability are critical quality attributes for server applications in Internet-facing business systems. These applications operate in dynamic environments with rapidly fluctuating user loads and resource levels, and unpredictable system faults. Adaptive (autonomic) systems research aims to augment such server applications with intelligent control logic that can detect and react to sudden environmental changes. However, developing this adaptive logic is complex in itself. In addition, executing the adaptive logic consumes processing resources, and hence may (paradoxically) adversely affect application performance. In this paper we describe an approach for developing high-performance adaptive server applications and the supporting technology. The Adaptive Server Framework (ASF) is built on standard middleware services, and can be used to augment legacy systems with adaptive behavior without needing to change the application business logic. Crucially, ASF provides built-in control loop components to optimize the overall application performance, which comprises both the business and adaptive logic. The control loop is based on performance models and allows systems designers to tune the performance levels simply by modifying high level declarative policies. We demonstrate the use of ASF in a case study.
A symbiotic evolutionary algorithm for dynamic facility layout problem
Authors: Ming Chang, K. Ohkura, K. Ueda, M. Sugiyama
Venue: Proceedings of the Evolutionary Computation on 2002. CEC '02. Proceedings of the 2002 Congress - Volume 02 (2002)

A symbiotic evolutionary algorithm (SymEA) for dynamic facility layout problem (DFLP) is developed and tested. SymEA differs from the existing EA approaches for DFLP in two ways: first, it adopted a coevolutionary multi-population approach, second, the generational replacement strategy (/spl mu/, /spl lambda/)-selection of evolution strategies is used to refine the symbiotic relationship.
Irrelevant variability normalization in learning HMM state tying from data based on phonetic decision-tree
Authors: Qiang Huo
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1999. on 1999 IEEE International Conference - Volume 02 (1999)

We propose to apply the concept of irrelevant variability normalization to the general problem of learning structure from data. Because of the problems of a diversified training data set and/or possible acoustic mismatches between training and testing conditions, the structure learned from the training data by using a maximum likelihood training method will not necessarily generalize well on mismatched tasks. We apply the above concept to the structural learning problem of phonetic decision-tree based hidden Markov model (HMM) state tying. We present a new method that integrates a linear-transformation based normalization mechanism into the decision-tree construction process to make the learned structure have a better modeling capability and generalizability. The viability and efficacy of the proposed method are confirmed in a series of experiments for continuous speech recognition of Mandarin Chinese.
Multiple signal detection under a specified false alarm constraint
Authors: J. Eriksson
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2001. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 05 (2001)

This paper presents a sequential detection scheme for sinusoidal signals observed in spatially colored noise which controls the probability of overestimating the number of signals. The scheme is based on the sequentially rejective Bonferroni test together with the nonlinear weighted least squares approach for estimation of the signal parameters under the hypotheses and alternatives respectively. The power of the method is compared via computer simulations to the commonly used minimum description length method, MDL. The proposed scheme performs well in comparison to the MDL method and gives at the same time control of the false alarm probability.
Robust classification of speech based on the dyadic wavelet transform with application to CELP coding
Authors: J. Stegmann, G. Schroder, K. A. Fischer
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 01 (1996)

This paper describes a new algorithm for the classification of telephone-bandwidth speech that is designed for efficient control of bit allocation in low bit-rate speech coders. The algorithm is based on the dyadic wavelet transform (D/sub y/WT) and classifies each unit subframe into one of the three categories background noise/unvoiced, transients/voicing onsets, periodic/voiced. A set of three parameters is derived from the D/sub y/WT coefficients, each giving a decision score that the associated class is active. Taking the history into account, a finite-state model controlled by these parameters computes the classifier's decision. The proposed algorithm is robust to various types of background noise. In comparison with a classifier based on the long-term autocorrelation function, the D/sub y/WT classifier proves to be superior. To evaluate its performance in CELP-type speech coders, a variety of excitation coding schemes with bit rates between 2200 and 4800 bit/s is investigated.
Algorithms on Discretizing Continuous Attributes Values and Its Application to Synthetical Test and Evaluation of Patent Strength
Authors: Minghua Zeng, Xiongfeng Pan, Qing Liu
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Data Mining - Workshops (2006)

Rough set theory is one of the excellent methods to deal with the uncertain and incomplete information of discrete attributes values. This paper firstly constructs an algorithm to discretize continuous attributes values based on fuzzy similarity relation, and then proposes an algorithm for synthesis evaluation of decision-making tables based on rough set theory, which is integrated with the weight computing technique in AHP but does not use judgment matrix. Both of the algorithms are used to analyze synthetically the patent strength of the Eight Economic Zones in Chinese Mainland. Numerical experimental results show that the proposed algorithms are efficient, effective and feasible.
Assessing the Comprehension of UML Class Diagrams via Eye Tracking
Authors: Shehnaaz Yusuf, Huzefa Kagdi, Jonathan I. Maletic
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th IEEE International Conference on Program Comprehension (2007)

Eye-tracking equipment is used to assess how well a subject comprehends UML class diagrams. The results of a study are presented in which eye movements are captured in a non-obtrusive manner as users performed various comprehension tasks on UML class diagrams. The goal of the study is to identify specific characteristics of UML class diagrams, such as layout, color, and stereotype usage that are most effective for supporting a given task. Results indicate subjects have a variation in the eye movements (i.e., how the subjects navigate the diagram) depending on their UML expertise and software-design ability to solve the given task. Layouts with additional semantic information about the design were found to be most effective and the use of class stereotypes seems to play a substantial role in comprehension of these diagrams.
Multimedia in Manufacturing Education: MiME
Authors: C. Thompson, L. Hodges, W. Daley, E. Rogers
Venue: Proceedings of the Frontiers in Education Conference, on 1995. Proceedings., 1995 - Volume 02 (1995)

Describes a project funded by the Technology Reinvestment Project (TRP) under the Manufacturing Education Technology (MET) component to design, build and evaluate interactive multimedia courseware for manufacturing education. Interactive multimedia is defined as the combination of computer-based text, sound, graphics, animation, video and simulation. Commercial and defense industries along with a professional society are collaborating on the project in an effort to address important dual-use issues. Advanced media technologies are being exploited to create virtual, time-shifted and/or remote visits to real-world manufacturing systems. The foundations for our efforts and the experiences in the first year of this effort are discussed in detail.
The New Detection Algorithms for Network Traffic Anomalies
Authors: Jun Luv, Xing Li, Tong Li
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Networking (2007)

Network traffic anomaly detection is a difficult problem in network management. This paper presents a Wavelet Generalized Likelihood Ratio (WGLR) algorithm and an Error Performance Detection (EPD) algorithm to solve this problem. WGLR algorithm combines Generalized Likelihood Ratio (GLR) algorithm and wavelet transform method, and captures the failure point in real time. Error performance Detection (EPD) algorithm is based on the prediction error of the traffic model and regards the error as the statistical variable, comparing with the threshold, which will detect the anomalous change in the signal without test window delay. Simulation and network traffic experiment has demonstrated that the algorithm has better performance in fault detection.
Integer sinusoidal transforms based on lifting factorization
Authors: Y. Zeng
Venue: Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 200. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 02 (2001)

A general method is proposed to factor a discrete W transform (DWT) into lifting steps and additions. Then, based on the relationships among various types of discrete sinusoidal transforms, other types of transforms such as the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and discrete cosine transform (DCT) are factored into lifting steps and additions. After approximating the lifting matrices, we get various types of new integer discrete transforms such as IntDWT, IntDFT and IntDCT which are floating-point multiplication free. Transforms which map integer to integer are also proposed. Fast algorithms are given for the new transforms and their computational complexities are analyzed. Based on a polynomial transform and an index mapping, multi-dimensional integer transforms are presented with especially low computational complexity.
Articulation Work Supporting Information Infrastructure Design: Coordination, Categorization, and Assessment in Practice
Authors: Karen S. Baker, Florence Millerand
Venue: Proceedings of the 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (2007)

Articulation work is a critical factor in information infrastructure building projects that involve multiple and diverse communities. It brings awareness of language differences, ramifications of definition and use of categories, as well as other coordination mechanisms. Articulation work is of particular relevance to scientific endeavors that have broadened in the past decade to encompass global scale research and now require collaborative arrangements to handle complex interdependent elements. Our interdisciplinary research team joined with the Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) community of information managers recently to develop articulation work in selected activities. Through this partnership, initial activities and approaches in the articulation process are considered along with language and category uses pertinent to four main concepts (infrastructure, representation, design and mediation). Coordination mechanisms developed and employed over the last year as means for articulation work include dialogue mediation, co-design activities, and category elaboration in addition to traditional and emergent forms of assessment.
A Trust Model Based Cooperation Enforcement Mechanism in Mesh Networks
Authors: Zhiming Zhang, Weirong Jiang, Yibo Xue
Venue: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Networking (2007)

Mesh networks are autonomous, where each node is not only a terminal but also a router. Due to this feature, mesh networks demand nodes to cooperate with each other to improve the availability and the performance, as well as to enforce the security. A cooperation enforcement mechanism based on a node trust model is addressed in this paper in order to evaluate the trustworthiness of neighboring nodes. Simulation results validate that the proposed mechanism can respond rapidly to the behaviors of other nodes, and significantly reduce packet loss rate when malicious or selfish nodes present.
The eclipse operating system: providing quality of service via reservation domains
Authors: John Bruno, Eran Gabber, Banu Özden, Abraham Silberschatz
Venue: Proceedings of the annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference (1998)

In this paper, we introduce a new operating system abstraction called reservation domains, and describe its implementation in Eclipse, an experimental operating system that provides a testbed for Quality of Service (QoS) support for applications. Reservation domains enable explicit control over the provisioning of system resources among applications in order to achieve desired levels of predictable performance. In general, each reservation domain is assigned a certain fraction of each resource (e.g., 25% CPU, 50% disk I/O, etc.). Eclipse implements reservation-domain scheduling of multiple resources. It currently supports CPU and disk and physical memory (working set size) scheduling. Eclipse implements a new scheduling algorithm, Move-to-Rear List Scheduling (MTR-LS), that provides a cumulative service guarantee, in addition to fairness and delay bounds. Cumulative service guarantee is necessary for ensuring predictable aggregate throughput for applications that require multiple resources. Preliminary experiments indicate that MTR-LS provides good QoS in overloaded systems. In particular, MTR-LS favors less-greedy processes. The Eclipse operating system is based the Plan9 from Bell Labs, and can run any Plan9 application without modification. Eclipse emphasizes the use of perprocess name space, and it can schedule any I/O device or user level file system without any change to device driver or file system code.
Integrating Voice over IP Services in IPv4 and IPv6 Networks
Authors: Lambros Lambrinos, Peter Kirstein
Venue: Proceedings of the International Multi-Conference on Computing in the Global Information Technology (2007)

The transition from the current IPv4 network protocol structure to the next generation IPv6 network has always been deemed as a lengthy process. As the deployment of IPv6 infrastructures evolves, interaction with the existing IPv4 networks is unavoidable. This interaction may occur at the network level (simple data pass-through) or at the application level (between IPv6 and IPv4 endpoints). In this paper we concentrate on application level interoperability and select an increasingly popular application: Voice Over IP (VoIP). The use of VoIP technologies is becoming more widespread as end-users and network providers recognise the potential benefits that the usage of the application provides. It is important to provide an environment where IPv4 and IPv6 networks and applications / devices can interoperate in the context of VoIP. This environment is based on an architecture that integrates all the components together (whether they support IPv4 or IPv6 or both) thereby providing ubiquitous access to IP telephony services based on the SIP signaling protocol. We present our experiences from realising the proposed architecture
From High Availability Systems to Fault Tolerant Production Infrastructures
Authors: Emmanouil Serrelis, Nikos Alexandris
Venue: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Networking and Services (2007)

Disaster Recovery Infrastructures, which become an important part of all major IT infrastructures, are usually implemented in a stand-by mode, anticipating a disaster to justify their existence. This paper suggests the transformation of existing High Availability Standby Systems to fully Fault Tolerant Production Infrastructures in order to increase productivity, effectiveness and availability. The most important differences of the two approaches are presented and a transformation strategy that brings together technical and managerial points of view is suggested.