ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
AI and Music: Toward a Taxonomy of Problem Classes
Authors: Oliver Kramer, Benno Stein, Jürgen Wall
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on ECAI 2006: 17th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence August 29 -- September 1, 2006, Riva del Garda, Italy (2006)

The application of Artificial Intelligence technology to the field of music has always been fascinating, from the first attempts in automating human problem solving behavior till this day. Human activities related to music vary in their complexity and in their amenability of becoming automated, and for both musicians and AI researchers various questions arise intuitively, e. g.: What are music-related activities or tasks that can be automated? How are they related to each other? Which problem solving methods have proven well? In which places does AI technology contribute? Actually, the literature in the intersection of AI and music focuses on single problem classes and particular tasks only, and a comprehensive picture is not drawn. This paper, which outlines key ideas of our research in this field, provides a step toward closing this gap: it proposes a taxonomy of problem classes and tasks related to music, along with methods solving them.
Study on micro hot embossing of low temperature co-firable ceramic green substrates
Authors: Xuechuan Shan, H. P. Maw, S. H. Ling, Y. C. Lam
Venue: Microsystem Technologies (2009)

Multi-layered ceramic substrates with embedded micro patterns are becoming increasingly important, for example, in harsh environment electronics, enabling microsystems and microfluidic devices. Fabrication of these embedded micro patterns, such as micro channels, cavities and vias, is a challenge. This study focuses on the process aspects of patterning micro features on low temperature co-firable ceramic (LTCC) green substrates using micro hot embossing. Green ceramic tapes that possessed near-zero shrinkage in the x&#x2013;y plane were used, six layers of which were stacked and laminated as a substrate. The process parameters that impact on the embossing fidelity were investigated and optimized in this study. Micro features with channel-width as small as several micrometers were formed on green ceramic substrates. The dynamic thermo-mechanical analysis indicated that extending the holding time at a certain temperature range would harden the substrates with little effect on improving the embossing fidelity. Ceramic substrates with embossed micro patterns were obtained after co-firing; the shrinkage ratios of the embossed depth and channel-width were 8&#x2013;15 and 12&#x2013;17%, respectively. The changes of pitches between two embossed channels were within &#x00b1;1.0% due to the interlocking effect of the ceramic tapes.
Consistent Depth Maps Recovery from a Video Sequence
Authors: Guofeng Zhang, Jiaya Jia, Tien-Tsin Wong, Hujun Bao
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (2009)

This paper presents a novel method for recovering consistent depth maps from a video sequence. We propose a bundle optimization framework to address the major difficulties in stereo reconstruction, such as dealing with image noise, occlusions, and outliers. Different from the typical multi-view stereo methods, our approach not only imposes the photo-consistency constraint, but also explicitly associates the geometric coherence with multiple frames in a statistical way. It thus can naturally maintain the temporal coherence of the recovered dense depth maps without over-smoothing. To make the inference tractable, we introduce an iterative optimization scheme by first initializing the disparity maps using a segmentation prior and then refining the disparities by means of bundle optimization. Instead of defining the visibility parameters, our method implicitly models the reconstruction noise as well as the probabilistic visibility. After bundle optimization, we introduce an efficient space-time fusion algorithm to further reduce the reconstruction noise. Our automatic depth recovery is evaluated using a variety of challenging video examples.
Multi-view Player Action Recognition in Soccer Games
Authors: Marco Leo, Tiziana D'Orazio, Paolo Spagnolo, Pier Luigi Mazzeo, Arcangelo Distante
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Computer Vision/Computer Graphics CollaborationTechniques (2009)

Human action recognition is an important research area in the field of computer vision having a great number of real-world applications. This paper presents a multi-view action recognition framework able to extract human silhouette clues from different synchronized static cameras and then to validate them by analyzing scene dynamics. Two different algorithmic procedures were introduced: the first one performs, in each acquired image, the neural recognition of the human body configuration by using a novel mathematical tool called Contourlet transform. The second procedure performs, instead, 3D ball and player motion analysis. The outcomes of both procedures are then merged to accomplish the final player action recognition task. Experiments were carried out on several image sequences acquired during some matches of the Italian "Serie A" soccer championship.
Ordinal Optimization and Quantification of Heuristic Designs
Authors: Zhen Shen, Yu-Chi Ho, Qian-Chuan Zhao
Venue: Discrete Event Dynamic Systems (2009)

This paper focuses on the performance evaluation of complex man-made systems, such as assembly lines, electric power grid, traffic systems, and various paper processing bureaucracies, etc. For such problems, applying the traditional optimization tool of mathematical programming and gradient descent procedures of continuous variables optimization are often inappropriate or infeasible, as the design variables are usually discrete and the accurate evaluation of the system performance via a simulation model can take too much calculation. General search type and heuristic methods are the only two methods to tackle the problems. However, the "goodness" of heuristic methods is generally difficult to quantify while search methods often involve extensive evaluation of systems at many design choices in a large search space using a simulation model resulting in an infeasible computation burden. The purpose of this paper is to address these difficulties simultaneously by extending the recently developed methodology of Ordinal Optimization (OO). Uniform samples are taken out from the whole search space and evaluated with a crude but computationally easy model when applying OO. And, we argue, after ordering via the crude performance estimates, that the lined-up uniform samples can be seen as an approximate ruler. By comparing the heuristic design with such a ruler, we can quantify the heuristic design, just as we measure the length of an object with a ruler. In a previous paper we showed how to quantify a heuristic design for a special case but we did not have the OO ruler idea at that time. In this paper we propose the OO ruler idea and extend the quantifying method to the general case and the multiple independent results case. Experimental results of applying the ruler are also given to illustrate the utility of this approach.
Coalitional affinity games
Authors: Simina Brânzei, Kate Larson
Venue: Proceedings of The 8th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems - Volume 2 (2009)

We present and analyze coalitional affinity games, a family of hedonic games that explicitly model the value that an agent receives from being associated with other agents. We provide a characterization of the social-welfare maximizing coalition structures, and study the stability properties of affinity games, using the core solution concept. Interestingly, we observe that members of the core do not necessarily maximize social welfare. We introduce a new measure, the stability-gap to capture this difference. Using the stability gap, we show that for an interesting class of coalitional affinity games, the difference between the social welfare of a stable coalition structure and a social-welfare maximizing coalition structure is bounded by a factor of 2, and that this bound is tight.
Minimum Traversal Circles for Layered Manufacturing Application
Authors: Shuo-Yan Chou, Chang-Chien Chou, Yu-Kumg Chen
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on Leading the Web in Concurrent Engineering: Next Generation Concurrent Engineering (2006)

In order to simplify the problem of layered manufacturing, each geometrical object on the same plane is approximating by its own minimum circumscribed circle. Therefore, the minimum traversal path between circles can be the based model of the minimum traversal path between scanning geometrical objects. By using the concepts of reflection of light in physics and geometrical mathematics, the equation of the minimum traversal path between three circles is derived in this paper. Since there are eight roots in derivation of the equation, some experiments are to carry out the analysis of these roots. With the analysis and the algorithm provided hereby, the roots are reduced so that much applicability of the equation is verified.
A Client/Server User-Based Collaborative Filtering Algorithm: Model and Implementation
Authors: Sylvain Castagnos, Anne Boyer
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on ECAI 2006: 17th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence August 29 -- September 1, 2006, Riva del Garda, Italy (2006)

This paper describes a new way of implementing an intelligent web caching service, based on an analysis of usage. Since the cache size in software is limited, and the search for new information is time-consuming, it becomes interesting to automate the process of selecting the most relevant items for each user. We propose a new generic model based on a client/server collaborative filtering algorithm and a behavior modeling process. In order to highlight the benefits of our solution, we collaborated with a company called ASTRA which is specialized in satellite website broadcasting. ASTRA has finalized a system sponsored by advertisement and supplying to users a high bandwidth access to hundreds of websites for free. Our work has been implemented within its software architecture and, in particular, within its recommender system in order to improve the satisfaction of users. Our solution is particularly designed to address the issues of data sparsity, privacy and scalability. Because of the industrial context, we consider the situation where the set of users is relatively stable, whereas the set of items may vary considerably from an execution to another. In addition to the model and its implementation, we present a performance assessment of our technique in terms of computation time and prediction relevancy.
Cohen's class distributions for skew angle estimation in noisy ancient Arabic documents
Authors: N. Ouwayed, A. Belaïd, F. Auger
Venue: Proceedings of The Third Workshop on Analytics for Noisy Unstructured Text Data (2009)

This paper presents a method for the skew angle estimation of noisy handwritten Arabic documents using an energy distribution of the Cohen's class. The presence of noise in raw document images can create local maxima which can disturb the projection histogram analysis. To avoid this drawback, we propose to apply a Cohen's class distribution on the projection profiles histograms obtained using different projection angles. These distributions reduce the importance of these local maxima and are fitted to the non-stationary nature of the histogram profiles. The orientation of the document is given by the highest maximum. The proposed skew angle estimation technique has been evaluated on 864 skewed documents. The results obtained with 9 selected distributions are presented at the end of this paper.
Extracting discriminative concepts for domain adaptation in text mining
Authors: Bo Chen, Wai Lam, Ivor Tsang, Tak-Lam Wong
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining (2009)

One common predictive modeling challenge occurs in text mining problems is that the training data and the operational (testing) data are drawn from different underlying distributions. This poses a great difficulty for many statistical learning methods. However, when the distribution in the source domain and the target domain are not identical but related, there may exist a shared concept space to preserve the relation. Consequently a good feature representation can encode this concept space and minimize the distribution gap. To formalize this intuition, we propose a domain adaptation method that parameterizes this concept space by linear transformation under which we explicitly minimize the distribution difference between the source domain with sufficient labeled data and target domains with only unlabeled data, while at the same time minimizing the empirical loss on the labeled data in the source domain. Another characteristic of our method is its capability for considering multiple classes and their interactions simultaneously. We have conducted extensive experiments on two common text mining problems, namely, information extraction and document classification to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method.
Pro Tools 7 Power: The Comprehensive Guide, 2nd edition
Authors: Colin MacQueen, Steve Albanese
Venue:  (2007)

Get the most out of Pro Tools with the definitive guidebook! Covering the LE, M-Powered, and HD versions of Pro Tools for music, post, and multimedia users at all levels, Pro Tools 7 Power!, Second Edition is the perfect resource for both newcomers looking to get up and running, and more advanced users who would like a complete desk reference on the new version. Completely updated for Pro Tools 7.4, everything from basic audio concepts and setting up your system to editing, mixing, plug-ins, MIDI, and much more is here in a usable format that explains techniques in plain language. Helpful keyboard shortcuts for Windows and Macintosh as well as informative notes and helpful tips are included throughout the text. The companion CD-ROM includes more than 60 minutes of interactive movie tutorials from Cool School Interactus that help reinforce what youve learned.
Modelling task delegation for human-centric eGovernment workflows
Authors: Khaled Gaaloul, François Charoy, Andreas Schaad
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research: Social Networks: Making Connections between Citizens, Data and Government (2009)

The execution of cross-domain eGovernment applications is a challenging topic. eGovernment organisations are facilitated and conducted using workflow management systems. Workflows automates the management and coordination of organisational or business processes. In the context of eGovernment, what is in many cases described as collaboration appears, however, to be coordination and synchronisation of processes ignoring human-centric interactions. In addition, we observed a tendency, moving away from strict enforcement approaches towards mechanisms supporting exceptions that are difficult to foresee when modelling a workflow. One specific set of mechanisms ensuring human centric interactions and supporting collaboration cross-organisations is task delegation. In this paper we aim to model task delegation for human-centric eGovernment workflows. We do believe that delegation is a solution to support organisational flexibility in human-centric workflow systems, and ensure delegation of authority in access control systems. First, we present a real case study to motivate delegation. Based on this, we define a task delegation model, and analyse its main criteria and requirements within a workflow. In particular, we will focus on the concept of delegation in eGovernment workflows and link it to our case study. Finally, we present delegation protocols to ensure delegation of authority in access control systems based on workflow authorisation constraints.
Meteorological time series modeling using an adaptive gene expression programming
Authors: Alina Barbulescu, Elena Bautu
Venue: Proceedings of the 10th WSEAS international conference on evolutionary computing (2009)

The precipitations are characterized by important spatial and temporal variation. Model determination for such series is of high importance for hydrological purposes (e.g. weather forecasting, agriculture, flood areas, administrative planning), even if discovering patterns in such series is a very difficult problem. The objective of the current study is to describe the use of an adaptive evolutionary technique that give promising results for the development of non-linear time series models.
Compressed domain indexing of scalable H.264/SVC streams
Authors: Christian Käs, Henri Nicolas
Venue: Image Communication (2009)

We present methods to efficiently analyze scalable, compressed H.264/scalable video coding (SVC) video streams. Relying solely on information present in the compressed stream, we estimate the global camera motion, perform motion segmentation and use a simple matching process to track moving objects over time. Object energy images are constructed in order to help resolve the problem of object correspondence during the occlusions of multiple objects. To save computing time, we analyze lower spatial layers of the stream and add higher layer information only if necessary. We draw 2-D object trajectories in the view plane of the camera and use the temporal evolution of the objects' properties to estimate the relative distance to the camera, resulting in a pseudo 3-D representation of the trajectories. Finally, the suitability of the motion parameters to perform video retrieval/copy detection tasks is demonstrated. We therefore form two simple descriptors that are invariant to a series of transformations.
The Art of Application Performance Testing: Help for Programmers and Quality Assurance, 1st edition
Authors: Ian Molyneaux
Venue:  (2009)

This practical book provides a step-by-step approach to testing mission-critical applications for scalability and performance before they're deployed -- a vital topic to which other books devote one chapter, if that. Businesses today live and die by network applications and web services. Because of the increasing complexity of these programs, and the pressure to deploy them quickly, many professionals don't take the time to ensure that they'll perform well and scale effectively. The Art of Application Performance Testing explains the complete life cycle of the testing process, and demonstrates best practices to help you plan, gain approval for, coordinate, and conduct performance tests on your applications. With this book, you'll learn to: Set realistic performance testing goals Implement an effective application performance testing strategy Interpret performance test results Cope with different application technologies and architectures Use automated performance testing tools Test traditional local applications, web-based applications, and web services (SOAs) Recognize and resolves issues that are often overlooked in performance tests Written by a consultant with 30 years of experience in the IT industry and over 12 years experience with performance testing, this easy-to-read book is illustrated with real-world examples and packed with practical advice. The Art of Application Performance Testing thoroughly explains the pitfalls of an inadequate testing strategy and offers you a robust, structured approach for ensuring that your applications perform well and scale effectively when the need arises. "Ian has maintained a vendor-agnostic methodology beautifully in this material. The metrics and graphs, along with background information provided in his case studies, eloquently convey to the reader, 'Methodology above all, tools at your discretion...' Ian's expertise shines through throughout the entire reading experience." -- Matt St. Onge, Enterprise Solution Architect, HCL Technologies America / Teradyne
Feedback linearization based control of a horizontal radiative furnace
Authors: Peyman Nazarian
Venue: Proceedings of the 9th WSEAS international conference on Robotics, control and manufacturing technology (2009)

This paper describes the application of the feedback linearization technique for control of a horizontal radiative furnace which generally used for producing the tempered glass. Finally simulations are presented.
Temporal Action Logic for Question Answering in an Adventure Game
Authors: Martin Magnusson
Venue: Proceeding of the 2008 conference on Artificial General Intelligence 2008: Proceedings of the First AGI Conference (2008)

Inhabiting the complex and dynamic environments of modern computer games with autonomous agents capable of intelligent timely behaviour is a significant research challenge. We illustrate this using our own attempts to build a practical agent architecture on a logicist foundation. In the ANDI-Land adventure game concept players solve puzzles by eliciting information from computer characters through natural language question answering. While numerous challenges immediately presented themselves, they took on a form of concrete and accessible problems to solve, and we present some of our initial solutions. We conclude that games, due to their demand for human-like computer characters with robust and independent operation in large simulated worlds, might serve as excellent test beds for research towards artificial general intelligence.
The role of associations in CAD and PLM for handling change propagation during product development
Authors: T. G. Tremblay, L. Rivest, O. Msaaf, R. Maranzana
Venue: Proceeding of the 2006 conference on Leading the Web in Concurrent Engineering: Next Generation Concurrent Engineering (2006)

Current Computer Aided Design (CAD) systems can capture some of the design intent by creating associations between objects. This increases the productivity during product development, and helps maintain the coherence of the product definition when handling engineering changes. CAD systems establish some associations as well as their use at a rather low level of abstraction, e.g. a parallelism constraint. Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) systems, on the other hand, use associations at a higher abstraction level, generally between files. The associations handled by these systems do differ both in terms of abstraction level and formalism of the knowledge they encapsulate. Moreover, limited connections exist between the associations manipulated in both systems, so that handling change propagation in concurrent engineering remains an issue. In this paper, we propose a taxonomy and a model of the different types of associations required to support the set of tasks in the area of product development. The terms on which the taxonomy relies are: association, relation, link, and constraint. The proposed model, named RLC, uses the concepts of aggregation and decomposition to relate Relations, Links, and Constraints.