ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Intelligent environment for monitoring Alzheimer patients, agent technology for health care
Authors: Juan M. Corchado, Javier Bajo, Yanira de Paz, Dante I. Tapia
Venue: Decision Support Systems (2008)

This paper presents an autonomous intelligent agent developed for monitoring Alzheimer patients' health care in execution time in geriatric residences. The AGALZ (Autonomous aGent for monitoring ALZheimer patients) is an autonomous deliberative case-based planner agent designed to plan the nurses' working time dynamically, to maintain the standard working reports about the nurses' activities, and to guarantee that the patients assigned to the nurses are given the right care. The agent operates in wireless devices and is integrated with complementary agents into a multi-agent system, named ALZ-MAS (ALZheimer Multi-Agent System), capable of interacting with the environment. AGALZ description, its relationship with the complementary agents, and preliminary results of the multi-agent system prototype in a real environment are presented.
Diffusion of virtual innovation
Authors: Mark A. Fuller, Andrew M. Hardin, Christopher L. Scott
Venue: ACM SIGMIS Database (2007)

Drawing on Rogers' diffusion of innovations theory, specifically his innovation decision process model, this paper develops a research framework that identifies the accelerators and inhibitors of virtual world technology adoption. Categorized by level of analysis, specific factors influencing the adoption of virtual world technology by organizations are identified. At the individual level of analysis, factors such as the technology's ease of use and usefulness, as well as the individual's computer self-efficacy, trust, and enjoyment are discussed in terms of their "bottom-up" influence on technology diffusion. At the group level of analysis, different forms of group efficacy (such as computer collective efficacy and virtual team efficacy) are suggested to play a role in virtual world technology adoption and diffusion. Further, group-level technology acceptance factors (including a priori beliefs and attitudes toward the technology, as well as psychosocial variables) are proposed to influence a group's overall valence toward the technology, driving the adoption of the technology Finally, at the organizational level of analysis, technical compatibility, technical complexity, and relative advantage are explored as major factors influencing an organization's willingness to adopt virtual world technology through "top-down" diffusion that follows specific isomorphic processes. Finally, the role of organizational culture is also discussed. Through the identification and discussion of innovation diffusion factors which occur at different levels of analysis and at different stages of the innovation decision process, this study provides a framework for studying the adoption, spread, and continual use of virtual world technology.
Binary Multiplication with Overlapped Addition Cycles
Authors: P. M. Fenwick
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (1969)

With a suitable adder organization it is possible to overlap the adder operation during a binary multiplication and significantly decrease the overall multiplication time. The method is explained and a prototype multiplier described. The new technique provides a very economical method of obtaining a reasonably fast multiplier.
A Problem-Reduction Approach to Proving Simulation Between Programs
Authors: A. Birman
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering (1976)

System correctness often presents itself as the problem of showing that two programs, the "specification" and the "implementation," are in some sense equivalent. Such a concept of equivalence is supplied by Milner's definition of simulation between programs. This paper presents a problem-reduction approach to proving simulation, and describes an interactive system designed for this purpose.
Internet Cache Pollution Attacks and Countermeasures
Authors: Yan Gao, Leiwen Deng, Aleksandar Kuzmanovic, Yan Chen
Venue: Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE International Conference on Network Protocols (2006)

Proxy caching servers are widely deployed in today's Internet. While cooperation among proxy caches can significantly improvea network¿s resilience to denial-of-service (DoS) attacks, lack of cooperation can transform such servers into viable DoStargets. In this paper, we investigate a class of pollution attacks that aim to degrade a proxy's caching capabilities, eitherby ruining the cache file locality, or by inducing false file locality. Using simulations, we propose and evaluate the effectsof pollution attacks both in web and peer-to-peer (p2p) scenarios, and reveal dramatic variability in resilience to pollutionamong several cache replacement policies. We develop efficient methods to detect both false-locality and locality-disruptionattacks, as well as a combination of the two. To achieve high scalability for a large number of clients/requests without sacrificingthe detection accuracy, we leverage streaming computation techniques, i.e., bloom filters. Evaluation results from large-scalesimulations show that these mechanisms are effective and efficient in detecting and mitigating such attacks. Furthermore,a Squid-based implementation demonstrates that our protection mechanism forces the attacker to launch extremely large distributedattacks in order to succeed.
Dynamic Memories with Rapid Random and Sequential Access
Authors: A. V. Aho
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (1974)

We propose a new architecture for dynamic memories in which the contents of any cell in memory can be accessed by applying a sequence of two primitive memory operations. The advantage of our memory over previous designs is its fast sequential access. Any word in an n cell memory can be accessed in 0(log n) steps. However, once two consecutive words have been accessed, following words can be accessed in one step per word.
Integration of the Social Welfare Function and TOPSIS Algorithm for 3PL Selection
Authors: Jie Cao, Wei-wei Wang, Guo Cao
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery - Volume 03 (2007)

In this study, we propose a two-stage method based on the social welfare function and TOPSIS. In the first stage, we used the social welfare function theory for selection potential providers from too many 3PLs (Third Part Logistic suppliers). Then, TOPSIS theory will be used for final selection, avoiding the subjective estimation of experts. Experiments are conducted to evaluate the quality of the proposed approach by using a case company. The experimental results indicate that the cost reduction may be the most important index. 1
Real-time tracking of visually attended objects in interactive virtual environments
Authors: Sungkil Lee, Gerard Jounghyun Kim, Seungmoon Choi
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology (2007)

This paper presents a real-time framework for computationally tracking objects visually attended by the user while navigating in interactive virtual environments. In addition to the conventional bottom-up (stimulus-driven) features, the framework also uses topdown (goal-directed) contexts to predict the human gaze. The framework first builds feature maps using preattentive features such as luminance, hue, depth, size, and motion. The feature maps are then integrated into a single saliency map using the center-surround difference operation. This pixel-level bottom-up saliency map is converted to an object-level saliency map using the item buffer. Finally, the top-down contexts are inferred from the user's spatial and temporal behaviors during interactive navigation and used to select the most plausibly attended object among candidates produced in the object saliency map. The computational framework was implemented using the GPU and exhibited extremely fast computing performance (5.68 msec for a 256X256 saliency map), substantiating its adequacy for interactive virtual environments. A user experiment was also conducted to evaluate the prediction accuracy of the visual attention tracking framework with respect to actual human gaze data. The attained accuracy level was well supported by the theory of human cognition for visually identifying a single and multiple attentive targets, especially due to the addition of top-down contextual information. The framework can be effectively used for perceptually based rendering without employing an expensive eye tracker, such as providing the depth-of-field effects and managing the level-of-detail in virtual environments.
B74-1 Complexity of Computer Computations
Authors: J. R. Rice
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers (1974)

This book is the proceedings of a symposium held at the IBM T. J. Watson Research Center in March 1972. It contains the 14 papers presented plus an account of the panel discussion session. There was considerable attention given in the panel discussion to the field of the symposium. There was no agreement on a suitable name although "computational complexity," "computability," "theory of algorithms," and "concrete computational complexity" were suggested. Neither was there good agreement on the content of the field, but the symposium (and this book) itself serve admirably to delineate the field. That is, the content of this field (whatever it is called) is that which the people in the fleld are doing.
PMS: A Notaton to Describe Comuter Sructures
Authors: M. Barbacci, C. G. Bell, D. Siewiorek
Venue: Computer (1973)

The PMS notation was developed to describe the physical structure of computer systems in terms of a small number of elementary components for textbook (Bell and Newell, 1971).
Interaction gestalt and the design of aesthetic interactions
Authors: Youn-kyung Lim, Erik Stolterman, Heekyoung Jung, Justin Donaldson
Venue: Proceedings of the 2007 conference on Designing pleasurable products and interfaces (2007)

Although there has been a drastic increase in the research of aesthetics of interaction, we still lack well-defined practical knowledge of how to design aesthetic interactions. In order to develop such knowledge, we adapt three important ways of thinking in designing interactions influenced by traditional design disciplines, namely, 1) understanding what it is that is designed---i.e. interaction, 2) knowing what is possible to be manipulated when designing interactions---i.e. attributes of interaction, and 3) mastering how to manipulate the attributes to shape the interactions. We explain our approach by arguing from the somaesthetic perspective. We propose the concept of interaction gestalt, as a way to achieve those three ways of thinking in design. We then propose a set of interaction gestalt attributes that can be used in designing aesthetic interactions. We end with a discussion of the implications and benefits of this approach in interaction design.
Selection of Redundant and non Redundant Optimization Structures in VLDBs
Authors: Ladjel Bellatreche
Venue: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Database and Expert Systems Applications (2007)

Very large database applications are usually modelled using huge schemas with several large tables with many columns. Queries defined on those schemas are complex since they contain join and aggregation operations. In large databases, join operations are the most used and the most expensive, especially when the size of tables is very large. To optimize these complex queries, several optimization structures have been proposed. Selecting any optimization structure is NP-hard problems since their search spaces are very large. In this paper, we classify these structures into two main categories: (1) non redundant structures (horizontal and vertical partitioning, parallel processing) and (2) redundant structures (materialized views, indexing schemes). Our study focuses on two non redundant structures: horizontal and vertical partitioning and one redundant structure: bitmap join indexes, where formalizations of their selection problems and algorithms are presented. We propose an approach combining horizontal partitioning and bitmap join indexes to speed up queries and to reduce storage and maintenance costs of indexes. Finally, our proposed algorithms are validated using experimental studies.
Implementing three-party desktop videoconferencing
Authors: Jian Sun, Holger Regenbrecht
Venue: Proceedings of the 19th Australasian conference on Computer-Human Interaction: Entertaining User Interfaces (2007)

We describe the implementation and test of a novel three-party desktop videoconferencing system. To allow for gaze and workspace awareness between the participating partners a special quasi-spatial arrangement of cameras and graphical user interface elements is chosen. We informally tested the system setup with a usability evaluation presented at the end of this paper. Our prototypical solution is a customizable off-the-shelf, affordable way of supporting mutual awareness in three-party videoconferencing.
Semantic Event Extraction Using Neural Network Ensembles
Authors: Min Chen, Chengcui Zhang, Shu-Ching Chen
Venue: Proceedings of the International Conference on Semantic Computing (2007)

This paper proposes a novel semantic content analysis framework for reliable video event extraction which is essential for high-level video indexing and retrieval. In this work, we target to address the unique challenges posed in rare event detection, where positive examples (i.e., eventful data points) are vastly outnumbered and thus overshadowed by negative ones (i.e., noneventful data points). The proposed framework tackles this issue by integrating the strength of multimodal content analysis and neural network ensembles. Specifically, due to the rareness of the target events, the boostrapped sampling method is adopted to reduce the effect of class imbalance and a group of component neural networks are constructed consequently. Thereafter, a weighting scheme is applied to intelligently traverse and combine the component network predictions. The effectiveness of the proposed framework is demonstrated over a large collection of soccer video data with different styles produced by different broadcasters.
Analysis of irregular increase in sheet resistance of Ni silicides on transition from NiSi to NiSi2
Authors: Kazuo Tsutsui, Ruifei Xiang, Koji Nagahiro, Takashi Shiozawa, Parhat Ahmet, Yasutoshi Okuno, Michikazu Matsumoto, Masafumi Kubota, Kuniyuki Kakushima, Hiroshi Iwai
Venue: Microelectronic Engineering (2008)

The annealing conditions causing an irregular peak in sheet resistance of nickel silicides are investigated. It is found that the irregular rise in sheet resistance occurs at a critical temperature of 750-775^oC as a result of agglomeration related to phase transition from NiSi to NiSi"2. Experiments on the effect of temperature, heating rate and annealing duration in rapid thermal annealing revealed that the high-resistance state produced by annealing at the critical temperature could not be changed by subsequent annealing at higher temperature, and that the high-resistance state required 30-40s at the critical temperature to form. Pre-annealing at 600^oC was found to suppress the later formation of the high-resistance state.
Computer Applications
Authors: C. Frost
Venue: Computer (1972)

A time-sharing computer system that solves long-standing control problems in methadone treatment programs for heroin addicts has been demonstrated by Leasco Response Incorporated, a subsidiary of Leasco Corporation. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Computers in Cardiology
Authors: K. M. Kempner
Venue: Computer (1975)

One telling measure of the digital computer's presence within the field of medicine is that in virtually all of the larger hospitals throughout the world, computer scientists and engineers can be found at the side of medical professionals. Together, these interdisciplinary team members are deeply involved in the solution of many medical problems.
A Testbed for Realistic Image Synthesis
Authors: Roy Hall, Donald Greenberg
Venue: IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications (1983)

Classical ray-tracing techniques, which have produced the most realistic computer-generated images to date, are being enhanced in this developmental system.
A hierarchical P2P architecture for SIP communication
Authors: Hongyan Ma, Baomin Xu
Venue: Proceedings of the The 2007 International Conference on Next Generation Mobile Applications, Services and Technologies (2007)

Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) based on Peer-to- Peer (P2P) architecture has being gaining attentions due to its highly scalability and reliability. However, the original DHT model is not very suitable for VoIP communication system because the heterogeneity of nodes and their location information have not been taken into account. In this paper, we present a hierarchical P2P architecture considering the abovementioned reasons for SIP communication and illustrate the process of initiating and maintaining sessions such as registration and resource location. At the end of this paper, we test the performances of our system. Simulation results have shown that our overlay can significantly reduce both lookup latencies and physical hops.
A Fair Solution to DNS Amplification Attacks
Authors: Georgios Kambourakis, Tassos Moschos, Dimitris Geneiatakis, Stefanos Gritzalis
Venue: Proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Digital Forensics and Incident Analysis (2007)

Recent serious security incidents reported several attackers employing IP spoofing to massively exploit recursive name servers to amplify DDoS attacks against numerous networks. DNS amplification attack scenarios utilize DNS servers mainly for performing bandwidth consumption DoS attacks. This kind of attack takes advantage of the fact that DNS response messages may be substantially larger than DNS query messages. In this paper we present a novel, simple and practical scheme that enable administrators to distinguish between genuine and falsified DNS replies. The proposed scheme, acts proactively by monitoring in real time DNS traffic and alerting security supervisors when necessary. It also acts reactively in co-operation with the firewalls by automatically updating rules to ban bogus packets. Our analysis and the corresponding experimental results show that the proposed scheme offers an effective solution, when the specific attack unfolds.
Linkage identification by non-monotonicity detection for overlapping functions
Authors: Masaharu Munetomo, David E. Goldberg
Venue: Evolutionary Computation (1999)

This paper presents the linkage identification by non-monotonicity detection (LIMD) procedure and its extension for overlapping functions by introducing the tightness detection (TD) procedure. The LIMD identifies linkage groups directly by performing order-2 simultaneous perturbations on a pair of loci to detect monotonicity/non-monotonicity of fitness changes. The LIMD can identify linkage groups with at most order of k when it is applied to O(2k) strings. The TD procedure calculates tightness of linkage between a pair of loci based on the linkage groups obtained by the LIMD. By removing loci with weak tightness from linkage groups, correct linkage groups are obtained for overlapping functions, which were considered difficult for linkage identification procedures.
Correlation between bug notifications, messages and participants in Debian's bug tracking system
Authors: Miguel Perez Francisco, Pablo Boronat Perez, Gregorio Robles
Venue: Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement (2007)

Bugs are an essential part of software projects because they lead its evolution. Without bug notifications developers cannot know if their software is accomplishing its tasks properly. However, few analytical studies have been made about this aspect of projects. We have developed a tool to extract and to store information from Debian's BTS (Bug Tracking System) in a relational database. In this paper we show that there is a strong dependence between three variables which can be used to analyze the activity of a project through its bugs: bug notifications, communications between users and developers and people involved.
ESPRESO A System for Process Control Software Specification
Authors: J. Ludewig
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering (1983)

This paper outlines a specification system for process control software, named ESPRESO, which was developed at the Nuclear Research Center, Karlsruhe, West Germany. ESPRESO is based on some new ideas, which are combined with elements taken from other systems. ESPRESO consists of a set of concepts, a specification language, a tool for the management, evaluation and validation of specifications, and the method how to use the system. Language, tool, and method are carefully adapted to the concepts. The primary aim was to demonstrate some features of a specification system which are currently not available, rather than to provide a new tool for the software market.
Muse: A Multimedia Filing System
Authors: S. Gibbs
Venue: IEEE Software (1987)

New technology is changing the way we store documents. This experimental system features flexible document retrieval, a distributed architecture, and the capacity to store many very large documents.
Passive and Active Combined Attacks: Combining Fault Attacks and Side Channel Analysis
Authors: Frederic Amiel, Karine Villegas, Benoit Feix, Louis Marcel
Venue: Proceedings of the Workshop on Fault Diagnosis and Tolerance in Cryptography (2007)

Side-channel attacks have been deeply studied for years to ensure the tamper resistance of embedded implementations. Analysis are most of the time focused either on passive attack (side channel attack) or on active attacks (fault attack). In this article, a combination of both attacks is presented. It is named PACA for Passive and Active Combined Attacks. This new class of attacks allows us to recover the secret key with only one curve of leakages. Practical results on a secure implementation of RSA have been obtained and are presented here. Finally, a new kind of infective methodology is defined and countermeasures to counteract this type of analysis are introduced.
Cognitive Principles for Information Management: The Principles of Mnemonic Associative Knowledge (P-MAK)
Authors: Michael Huggett, Holger Hoos, Ron Rensink
Venue: Minds and Machines (2007)

Information management systems improve the retention of information in large collections. As such they act as memory prostheses, implying an ideal basis in human memory models. Since humans process information by association, and situate it in the context of space and time, systems should maximize their effectiveness by mimicking these functions. Since human attentional capacity is limited, systems should scaffold cognitive efforts in a comprehensible manner. We propose the Principles of Mnemonic Associative Knowledge (P-MAK), which describes a framework for semantically identifying, organizing, and retrieving information, and for encoding episodic events by time and stimuli. Inspired by prominent human memory models, we propose associative networks as a preferred representation. Networks are ideal for their parsimony, flexibility, and ease of inspection. Networks also possess topological properties--such as clusters, hubs, and the small world--that aid analysis and navigation in an information space. Our cognitive perspective addresses fundamental problems faced by information management systems, in particular the retrieval of related items and the representation of context. We present evidence from neuroscience and memory research in support of this approach, and discuss the implications of systems design within the constraints of P-MAK's principles, using text documents as an illustrative semantic domain.