ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Group communication specifications: a comprehensive study
Authors: Gregory V. Chockler, Idit Keidar, Roman Vitenberg
Venue: ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR) (2001)

View-oriented group communication is an important and widely used building block for many distributed applications. Much current research has been dedicated to specifying the semantics and services of view-oriented group communication systems (GCSs). However, the guarantees of different GCSs are formulated using varying terminologies and modeling techniques, and the specifications vary in their rigor. This makes it difficult to analyze and compare the different systems. This survey provides a comprehensive set of clear and rigorous specifications, which may be combined to represent the guarantees of most existing GCSs. In the light of these specifications, over 30 published GCS specifications are surveyed. Thus, the specifications serve as a unifying framework for the classification, analysis, and comparison of group communication systems. The survey also discusses over a dozen different applications of group communication systems, shedding light on the usefulness of the presented specifications. This survey is aimed at both system builders and theoretical researchers. The specification framework presented in this article will help builders of group communication systems understand and specify their service semantics; the extensive survey will allow them to compare their service to others. Application builders will find a guide here to the services provided by a large variety of GCSs, which could help them choose the GCS appropriate for their needs. The formal framework may provide a basis for interesting theoretical work, for example, analyzing relative strengths of different properties and the costs of implementing them.
Heads and tails: a variable-length instruction format supporting parallel fetch and decode
Authors: Heidi Pan, Krste Asanović
Venue: Proceedings of the 2001 international conference on Compilers, architecture, and synthesis for embedded systems (2001)

Existing variable-length instruction formats provide higher code densities than fixed-length formats, but are ill-suited to pipelined or parallel instruction fetch and decode. This paper presents a new variable-length instruction format that supports parallel fetch and decode of multiple instructions per cycle, allowing both high code density and rapid execution for high-performance embedded processors. In contrast to earlier schemes that store compressed variable-length instructions in main memory then expand them into fixed-length in-cache formats, the new format is suitable for direct execution from the instruction cache, thereby increasing effective cache capacity and reducing cache power. The new head-and-tails (HAT) format splits each instruction into a fixed-length head and a variable-length tail, and packs heads and tails in separate sections within a larger fixed-length instruction bundle. The heads can be easily fetched and decoded in parallel as they are a fixed distance apart in the instruction stream, while the variable-length tails provide improved code density. A conventional MIPS RISC instruction set is re-encoded in a variable-length HAT scheme, and achieves an average static code compression ratio of 75% and a dynamic fetch ratio (new-bits-fetched/old-bits-fetched) of 75%.
Beware the engineering metaphor
Authors: Wei-Lung Wang
Venue: Communications of the ACM (2002)

There are great similarities between the work of the software developer and the work of the mathematician.
Writing and Publishing with Your PC: The Ultimate Reference for Personal Computer-Based Writing, Illustrating, Desktop Publishing, Printing, Publisher
Authors: Russell A. Stultz
Venue:  (1998)

:Professional author and publishing executive Russell Stultz shares the secrets of successful Windows 95/NT-based publishing with detailed coverage of the most popular software tools used to create, print, and distribute professional documents. In addition to hundreds of application tips about the use of these tools, Stultz provides valuable information on book marketing and sales, publisher relations, and self-publishing.
The first international workshop on automated program analysis, testing and verification
Authors: John Penix, Nigel Tracey, Willem Visser
Venue: ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes (2001)

This paper reports on the First International Workshop on Automated Program Analysis, Testing and Verification (WAPATV) held in Limerick on the 4th-5th June 2000, as part of the International Conference on Software Engineering 2000. We begin by presenting an overview of the workshop aims and then focus on the workshop's technical program.
A stage maturity model for enterprise resource planning systems use
Authors: Christopher P. Holland, Ben Light
Venue: ACM SIGMIS Database (2001)

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems dominate the information technology landscape of many companies. Organizations are at different stages in the implementation process ranging from the initial analysis of implementation options, through completed standard implementations and to the sophisticated exploitation of ERP systems using advanced knowledge management, customer relationship management and supply chain management systems. The authors present a maturity model for ERP systems that identifies three stages and this is illustrated using case data selected from the study which is based on 24 organizations in the US and Europe. In Stage 1, organizations are managing legacy systems and starting the ERP project. In Stage 2, implementation is complete and the functionality of the ERP system is being exploited across the organization. In Stage 3, organizations have normalised the ERP system into the organization and are engaged in the process of obtaining strategic value from the system by using additional systems such as customer relationship management, knowledge management and supply chain planning. It is shown that the organizations follow an S-shaped curve, and that most companies are in the middle stage. An analysis of the implications for organizations at each stage of the maturity model is presented which will be of value to practising managers. The implications are categorised as impacts on cost, entropy, complexity, flexibility and strategic competitiveness.
Proceedings of the thiry-fourth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
Venue: Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing (2002)

The papers in this volume were presented at the Thirty-Fourth Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing (STOC2002), held in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, May 19-21, 2002. The Symposium was sponsored by the ACM Special Interest Group on Algorithms and Computation Theory (SIGACT).In response to a call for papers, 287 paper submissions were received. All were submitted electronically. The program committee conducted its deliberations electronically, via an on-line meeting that ran from January 10 to January 19. The committee selected 91 papers from among the submissions. The submissions were not refereed, and many of these papers represented reports of continuing research. It is expected that most of them will appear in a more polished and complete form in scientific journals.The papers encompassed in wide variety of areas of theoretical computer science. The topics included algorithms and computational complexity bounds for classical problems in algebra, geometry, topology, graph theory, game theory, logic and machine learning, as well as theoretical aspects of security, databases, information retrieval, and networks, the web, computational biology, and alternative models of computation including quantum computation and self-assembly.
MCSE: Windows 2000 Professional Study Guide, 1st Edition
Authors: Lisa Donald
Venue:  (2000)

:Here's the book you need to prepare for Exam 70-210, Installing, Configuring, and Administering Microsoft Windows 2000 Professional. This study guide provides: * In-depth coverage of every exam objective-all the information you need * Practical information on installing, configuring, and administering Windows 2000 Professional * Hundreds of challenging review questions, in the book and on the CD * Leading-edge exam preparation software, including a testing engine, electronic flashcards, and simulation software Authoritative coverage of all exam objectives, including: * Installing Windows 2000 Professional * Implementing and conducting administration of resources * Implementing, managing, and troubleshooting hardware devices and drivers * Monitoring and optimizing system performance and reliability * Configuring and troubleshooting the desktop environment * Implementing, managing, and troubleshooting network protocols and services * Implementing, monitoring, and troubleshooting security] CD Description The enclosed CD is packed with vital preparation tools and materials, beginning with the Sybex EdgeTest testing engine for the Windows 2000 Professional Exam. Loaded with hundreds of practice questions, it lets you test yourself chapter by chapter or according to objective areas. You'll also find electronic flashcards for your PC and Palm devices, two bonus exams that will help you prepare for the test, WinSim 2000 product simulation software, and a fully searchable electronic version of the book.
Design of Library Automation Systems: File Structures, Data Structures, and Tools
Authors: Michael D. Cooper
Venue:  (1996)

:Provides readers with a clear understanding of the structure of library automation systems along with enough information about underlying algorithms, file structures, and processing strategies to enable them to evaluate vendor products, build a system using the techniques described and continue to improve their own library system. After explaining the basics of traditional automated library systems, the author presents an integrated library system as well as the tools which aid in the design of all aspects of these systems. The tools are available for use and modification via anonymous FTP over the Internet and readers can build systems or just experiment with these tools. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Pursuing failure: the distribution of program failures in a profile space
Authors: William Dickinson, David Leon, Andy Podgurski
Venue: Proceedings of the 8th European software engineering conference held jointly with 9th ACM SIGSOFT international symposium on Foundations of software engineering (2001)

Observation-based testing calls for analyzing profiles of executions induced by potential test cases, in order to select a subset of executions to be checked for conformance to requirements. A family of techniques for selecting such a subset is evaluated experimentally. These techniques employ automatic cluster analysis to partition executions, and they use various sampling techniques to select executions from clusters. The experimental results support the hypothesis that with appropriate profiling, failures often have unusual profiles that are revealed by cluster analysis. The results also suggest that failures often form small clusters or chains in sparsely-populated areas of the profile space. A form of adaptive sampling called failure-pursuit sampling is proposed for revealing failures in such regions, and this sampling method is evaluated experimentally. The results suggest that failure-pursuit sampling is effective.
Global clustering-based performance-driven circuit partitioning
Authors: Jason Cong, Chang Wu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2002 international symposium on Physical design (2002)

In this paper, we propose a new global clustering based multi-level partitioning algorithm for performance optimization. Our algorithm computes a delay minimal K-way partition first, then gradually reduces the cutsize while keeping the circuit delay by de-clustering and refinement. Our test results on a set of MCNC sequential examples show that we can reduce the delay by 30%, while increasing the cutsize by 28% on average, when compared with hMetis [5]. Our algorithm consistently outperforms state-of-the-art partitioning algorithms [2, 5, 3] on circuit delay with reasonable cost on the cutsize.
Developing PowerBuilder 5 Applications with CD, 4th edition
Authors: Bill Hatfield
Venue:  (1996)

:Capitalizing on the success of the previous edition, Developing PowerBuilder 5 Applications, Fourth Edition is a hands-on guide for developer's that want to create their own real-world applications. It details all the new changes to PowerBuilder, giving the programmer the essential information they need to exploit PowerBuilder 5's powerful features.Teaches how to exploit PowerBuilder 5's new featuresProgrammers will master user interface design, PowerScript programming, debugging, and database designCD-ROM includes all the source code from the book and various PowerBuilder applications
C/C++ Mathematical Algorithms for Scientists and Engineers
Authors: Namir Clement Shammas
Venue:  (1995)

:Analyze complex numerical data and get the answers you need fast with this time-saving toolbox of powerful C and C++ mathematical routines. All of the programs are written in C, with C++ extensions provided for those cases where using the C++ classes offers a special advantage. The code is compatible with a variety of platforms, including UNIX, Windows, and DOS. Author and programming expert Namir Shammas covers a wide range of popular numerical analysis and statistical topics: solving linear and nonlinear equations; interpolation use methods; differentiation - tools for estimating the derivative of a function; integration - tools for calculating the finite and infinite integrals for functions; optimization of single-variable and multivariable functions; basic statistics; various types of ANOVA tables; linear regression; and multiple and polynomial regression. In addition to providing libraries for common mathematical and statistical functions, Shammas includes pseudo-code for the algorithms used to implement the various methods, allowing you to execute these algorithms in other programming languages, such as BASIC and Pascal.
Excel 97 (Further Skills)
Authors: Jim Muir
Venue:  (1997)

:The second title on Microsoft Excel 97 in a series of practical guides covering the essentials of each version of Excel. The book is for users who are already familiar with spreadsheets, and presents the more advanced features of the software.
SIGACT News complexity theory column 32
Authors: Lane A. Hemaspaandra
Venue: ACM SIGACT News (2001)

We describe some recent or not-so-recent results in the model of learning known as exact learning from queries. Some results are chosen because they led to a result in complexity theory, and others are chosen because they seem to indicate an interesting line of research at the common ground of learning and complexity. More precisely, we survey: (1) an improvement of the Karp-Lipton collapse that stemmed from a learning algorithm for Boolean circuits, (2) recent advances in distinguishing information-theoretic from complexity-theoretic difficulty of learning, and (3) recent results on learning small-depth circuits with modular gates that call for a systematic study of the expressive power of so-called Multiplicity Automata.
Women and Computer Based Technologies: A Feminist Perspecitve
Authors: Hope Morritt
Venue:  (1997)

:This book highlights the diversity of professional women in education who use computer-based technologies. They represent differences in socioeconomic status, ethnicity, and age. They were selected for this study because they use computer based technologies in their daily work. The conceptual framework underlying this research is feminist standpoint theory. Standpoint theory in this study stems from the work of Harding (1991) who has grounded standpoint theory in eight claims. These claims were connected to clusters that were organized into segments that could be contrasted, compared and analyzed. Themes were developed and photographs were used to operationalize the cluster categories. Methodology used for this study included three structured interviews. The first interview elicited background information. Interview two used the photographs as an auto driving technique to stimulate discussion. The third interview asked the respondents to validate their narratives and to describe their reactions to the feminist perspective. Results of this study demonstrate the importance of valuing women's lives as starting points for research and as generators of evidence for or against knowledge claimsspecifically as their lives relate to computer based technologies. Women need to learn to value and network with other women in the use of technology. These respondents' early learning experiences reflect the cultural agenda and an absence of "hands on" science activities. They also encounter gender oppression in many forms in their daily life experiences. Although they all had opportunities to engage in computer learning at different stages of their life, the time to learn and theopportunities to access computers were constraints that prevented further advancement. These women educators predict positive futures for girls who are computer literate, but warn of the potential of the increasing power of technology to divide women in our society into the haves and the have-nots. Implications and practical applications from these findings are included in the study.Author Biography: Hope Morritt is Assistant Professor in the Department of Education at Brooklyn College. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Internet and Intranet Applications with PowerBuilder 6, 1st edition
Authors: Tom Cervenka
Venue:  (1998)

:Written for intermediate or advanced PowerBuilder programmers, this title contains all the information necessary for developing Internet/Intranet and Web-based applications. Going beyond the basics, these pages discuss various architectures for applications and help the reader decide which is most appropriate for his or her particular application. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Measuring memory hierarchy performance of cache-coherent multiprocessors using micro benchmarks
Authors: Cristina Hristea, Daniel Lenoski, John Keen
Venue: Proceedings of the 1997 ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing (CDROM) (1997)

Even with today's large caches, the increasing performance gap between processors and memory systems imposes a memory bottleneck for many important scientific and commercial applications. This bottleneck is intensified in shared-memory multiprocessors by contention and the effects of cache coherency. Under heavy memory contention, the memory latency may increase 2 or 3 times. Nonethless, as more sophisticated techniques are used to hide latency and increase bandwidth, measuring memory performance has become increasingly difficult. Previous simple methods to measure memory performance can overestimate uniprocessor memory latency and underestimate bandwidth by tens of percent. This paper introduces a micro benchmark suite that measures memory hierarchy performance in light of both uniprocessor optimizations and the contention and coherence effects of multiprocessors. The benchmark suite has been used to improve the memory system performance of the SGI Origin multiprocessor.
The Practical Guide to X.400 Addressing, 1st edition
Authors: Roger Mizumori
Venue:  (1995)

:Why X.400 addressing? With Microsoft and Lotus soon to implement X.400, an ever increasing number of LAN mail professionals in a variety of industries will need to fine tune their knowledge of this unique messaging system and understand how to implement it effectively. Readers will appreciate the up-to-date coverage of the status of industry initiatives that affect or influence X.400 addressing approaches, as well as the suggestions for X.400 Address Attribute profiles based upon the recent ITU-T (formerly CCITT) Recommendations. This book explains all forms of X.400 addresses and their components, considers the business and human interface requirements for a reliable information sharing infrastructure, reviews the many aspects of messaging directories and their impact on X.400 addresses, details the various industry initiatives and their impact on X.400 addressing, and recommends a simple structure of X.400 addresses that can be implemented in any context. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
50 Urgent Things You Need to Do Before the Millennium: Protect Yourself, Your Family, and Your Finances from the Upcoming Computer Crisis!
Authors: William D. McGuire
Venue:  (1999)

:McGuire outlines exactly how to prepare for the potential chaos and shows 25 ways to capitalize on the financial opportunities that will arise as the millennium approaches. The ACM Portal is published by the Association for Computing Machinery. Copyright © 2010 ACM, Inc. Terms of Usage Privacy Policy Code of Ethics Contact Us Useful downloads: Adobe Acrobat QuickTime Windows Media Player Real Player
Oracle 8 Networking
Authors: Hugo Toledo
Venue:  (1999)

:A complete reference on Oracle connectivity, this title has cutting-edge, inside coverage of Oracle8 and the new Net8 networking and Sedona object technologies. The CD-ROM features code from the work and Oracle Networking Lite, knowledgebase software developed especially for this book by RevealNet.
Computers, Minds and Robots
Authors: William S. Robinson
Venue:  (1992)

:In Computers, Minds, and Robots, William S. Robinson offers a clear and lively discussion of the philosophical problems that surround the developing science of Artificial Intelligence (AI). He introduces and clarifies the basic concepts necessary for understanding these problems and discusses opposing views and possible solutions to the problems. Robinson describes the kinds of further research that seem likely to improve our understanding of the mechanisms of intelligence. He also explains the new "connectionist" approach to AI and relates it to the more traditional approach. This book is not a typical monograph on the latest developments in computer or robot technologies. Instead, Robinson poses philosophical questions about the nature of Al. For example, if we had a machine that could perform intelligent tasks--do arithmetic, solve a chess problem, write a poem--what would that show about whether the machine could think or feel? What does our knowledge of mathematics imply about our own thinking processes? Does the fact that we can do certain things imply anything about how we do them? Likewise, if a machine can do certain things, does that ability imply anything about its own level of intelligence? Robinson uses two famous rooms--the Turing test set-up and Searle's Chinese Room--to introduce questions of current interest about artificial intelligence. Imaginary robots help clarify relationships between different mental processes. He examines an argument that some believe to show the impossibility of a robot that is a person's double, and he explains two major approaches that others think might someday make such a robot doppelganger conceivable.