ppxscal/embedding_network huggingface dataset:
Finding a Level Ideal of a Poset
Authors: Shuji Kijima, Toshio Nemoto
Venue: Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference on Computing and Combinatorics (2009)

This paper is concerned with finding a level ideal (LI) of a partially ordered set (poset): given a finite poset P, a level of each element p ¿ P is defined as the number of ideals which do not include p, then the problem is to find an ideal consisting of elements whose levels are less than a given integer i. We call the ideal as the i-th LI. The concept of the level ideal is naturally derived from the generalized median stable matching, that is a fair stable marriage introduced by Teo and Sethuraman (1998). Cheng (2008) showed that finding the i-th LI is #P-hard when i = ¿(N), where N is the total number of ideals of P. This paper shows that finding the i-th LI is #P-hard even if i = ¿(N1/c) where c ¿ 1 is an arbitrary constant. Meanwhile, we give a polynomial time exact algorithm when i = O((logN)c¿) where c¿ is an arbitrary positive constant. We also devise two randomized approximation schemes using an oracle of almost uniform sampler for ideals of a poset.
Development of Pseudo 3D Visualization System by Superimposing Ultrasound Images
Authors: Yumi Iwashita, Shinji Tarumi, Ryo Kurazume, Makoto Hashizume
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 Advanced Technologies for Enhanced Quality of Life (2009)

This paper presents the development of pseudo 3D visualization system of organs using 2D ultrasound images for a new medical instrument. The new instrument consists of an ultrasonic endoscope and an electro-magnetic measurement sensor. The pseudo 3D volume is reconstructed by superimposing ultrasound images captured by the ultrasonic endoscope. So the new instrument shows not only the surface of organs, but also the 3D volume of inside of organs. However, it was reported that the ultrasound probe influenced the accuracy of the sensors, so it is necessary to investigate the influence of the ultrasound endoscope to the sensor. In this paper, we propose a 3D volume reconstruction system using 2D ultrasound images, and show experimental results of accuracy measurement experiments of two kinds of electro-magnetic measurement sensors and 3D visualization with actual ultrasound images.
The Research and Implement of an Efficient Load Balancing Algorithm
Authors: Wei Hantian, Xiong Xiaomei
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 IITA International Conference on Services Science, Management and Engineering (2009)

With the increasing augment of visits and data exchange, improving the utilization ratio of servers inevitably become a block that in front of all system managers. Although the technology of load balancing algorithm find the way to solve this problem, traditional method contains several serious shortages, such as low utilization ratio, long response latency, etc. In this article, a new algorithm is raised, which can not only auto-fit the load of current server, but also provides visitors the quickest entrance.
ITSPOKE: an intelligent tutoring spoken dialogue system
Authors: Diane J. Litman, Scott Silliman
Venue: Demonstration Papers at HLT-NAACL 2004 on XX (2004)

ITSPOKE is a spoken dialogue system that uses the Why2-Atlas text-based tutoring system as its "back-end". A student first types a natural language answer to a qualitative physics problem. ITSPOKE then engages the student in a spoken dialogue to provide feedback and correct misconceptions, and to elicit more complete explanations. We are using ITSPOKE to generate an empirically-based understanding of the ramifications of adding spoken language capabilities to text-based dialogue tutors.
Orchestration Modeling of Interactive Systems
Authors: Bertrand David, René Chalon
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Part I: New Trends (2009)

In this paper we study the role of orchestration and its modeling for interactive systems. After a common sense explanation of orchestration and its meaning in information technologies and mainly SOA, we explain its use specifically for the design and use of interactive systems. We propose a taxonomy and, in relation with it, we point out both adaptation and plasticity of HCI systems as a partial answer for orchestration. We then suggest complementary aspects needed for orchestration and their modeling in an MDA approach. We also present a case study and we conclude by considering perspectives.
Healthcare Game Design: Behavioral Modeling of Serious Gaming Design for Children with Chronic Diseases
Authors: Hadi Kharrazi, Anthony Faiola, Joseph Defazio
Venue: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Part IV: Interacting in Various Application Domains (2009)

This article introduces the design principles of serious games for chronic patients based on behavioral models. First, key features of the targeted chronic condition (Diabetes) are explained. Then, the role of psychological behavioral models in the management of chronic conditions is covered. After a short review of the existing health focused games, two recent health games that are developed based on behavioral models are overviewed in more detail. Furthermore, design principles and usability issues regarding the creation of these health games are discussed. Finally, the authors conclude that designing healthcare games based on behavioral models can increase the usability of the game in order to improve the effectiveness of the game's desired healthcare outcomes.
Undecidability Results for Finite Interactive Systems
Authors: Alexandru Sofronia, Alexandru Popa, Gheorghe Stefanescu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2008 10th International Symposium on Symbolic and Numeric Algorithms for Scientific Computing (2008)

This paper is on the foundations of a recent approach to the design of massively parallel and interactiveprogramming languages using rv-systems (interactive systems with registers and voices) and Agapia programming. It includes a few theoretical results on FISs (finite interactive systems), the underlying mechanism used for specifying control and interaction in these systems. First, we give a proof for the undecidability of the emptiness problem for FISs by reduction to the Post Correspondence Problem. Next, we use the proof to get other undecidability results, e.g., for the accessibility of a transition in a FIS, or for the finiteness of the language recognized by a FIS. Finally, we present a simple proof of the equivalencebetween FISs and tile systems, making explicit that they precisely capture recognizable two-dimensional languages.
Synchronization and Arbitration in GALS
Authors: David Kinniment
Venue: Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science (ENTCS) (2009)

Synchronizers and arbiters are important components of any Globally Asynchronous, Locally Synchronous network. They contribute to latency, because of the synchronization time required for reliability, and to metastability delay in the arbiters. Simple models of metastability have served us well up to now, but more recently work on the characterisation of deep metastability has demonstrated effects in commonly used components that may need to be taken into account.
Analysis and Experimentation of Grid-Based Data Mining with Dynamic Load Balancing
Authors: Yong Beom Ma, Tae Young Kim, Seung Hyeon Song, Jong Sik Lee
Venue: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Advanced Data Mining and Applications (2009)

Algorithms and methods for analyzing large amounts of data are studied and developed. This paper presents a Data Mining (DM) method operated in grid computing environment. Because DM technology uses large amounts of data and requires costs to compute, utilizing and sharing computing data and resources are key issues in DM. Therefore, a Dynamic Load Balancing (DLB) algorithm and a decision range readjustment algorithm are proposed and applied to the Grid-based Data Mining (GDM) method. And we analyzed the average waiting time for learning and computing time. For a performance evaluation, the system execution time, computing time, and average waiting time for learning are measured. Experimental results show that GDM with the DLB method provides many advantages in terms of processing time and cost.
Semi-supervised learning with very few labeled training examples
Authors: Zhi-Hua Zhou, De-Chuan Zhan, Qiang Yang
Venue: Proceedings of the 22nd national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1 (2007)

In semi-supervised learning, a number of labeled examples are usually required for training an initial weakly useful predictor which is in turn used for exploiting the unlabeled examples. However, in many real-world applications there may exist very few labeled training examples, which makes the weakly useful predictor difficult to generate, and therefore these semisupervised learning methods cannot be applied. This paper proposes a method working under a two-view setting. By taking advantages of the correlations between the views using canonical component analysis, the proposed method can perform semi-supervised learning with only one labeled training example. Experiments and an application to content-based image retrieval validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Metadata-Based Reminder Classification in Reminiscence Engineering
Authors: Masashi Ishibashi, Yoshio Nakatani
Venue: Proceedings of the Symposium on Human Interface 2009 on ConferenceUniversal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Part I: Held as Part of HCI International 2009 (2009)

Our personal memory project studies a new framework which supports people construct the personal history on the computer. In this paper, we propose a framework of reminiscence engineering in order to classify reminders of personal memories. The reminders include photos, videos, gifts from significant people and so on. Today the reminders have been digitized, such as digital photos, and the amount of them keeps on increasing and the necessity of managing these digital reminders is also increasing. This system supports to manage reminiscence by classifying the digital reminders based on their metadata. The metadata in this research means the data about digital photos, such as the date and time at which it was taken, objects and the related memories. In order to classify these metadata, the system provides the vocabulary database that structures vocabulary necessary to classify the digital photos. We propose an effective framework which supports construct the vocabulary database through the entry of personal memory, as well as construct personal memory through the entry of new vocabulary.
Virtual Machine Scalability on Multi-Core Processors Based Servers for Cloud Computing Workloads
Authors: Muhammad Hasan Jamal, Abdul Qadeer, Waqar Mahmood, Abdul Waheed, Jianxun Jason Ding
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE International Conference on Networking, Architecture, and Storage (2009)

In this paper, we analyze virtual machine (VM) scalability on multi-core systems for compute-, memory-, and network I/O-intensive workloads. The VM scalability evaluation under these three workloads will help cloud users to understand the performance impact of underlying system and network architectures. We demonstrate that VMs on the state-of-the-art multi-core processor based systems scale as well as multiple threads on native SMP kernel for CPU and memory intensive workloads. Intra-VM communication of network I/O intensive TCP message workload has a lower overhead compared to multiple threads when VMs are pinned to specific cores. However, VM scalability is severely limited for such workloads for across-VM communication on a single host due to virtual bridges. For across local and wide area network communication, the network bandwidth is the limiting factor. Unlike previous studies that use workload mixes, we apply a single workload type at a time to clearly attribute VM scalability bottlenecks to system and network architectures or virtualization itself.
Throughput Measurement-Based Access Point Selection for Multi-rate Wireless LANs
Authors: Yanxiao Zhao, Min Song, Jun Wang, E. K. Park
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Wireless Algorithms, Systems, and Applications (2009)

In this paper, we propose a novel access point (AP) selection algorithm to maximize the system throughput while considering user fairness. The main idea is that when a new-coming user enters an overlapping area of a wireless local area network (WLAN), it first estimates the system throughput as if it were associated with each of the APs involved. Then it chooses the AP that can achieve the highest system throughput. For existing users that locate in the overlapping area, they may also need to change the AP association due to the dynamic nature of traffic load. To enable the fairness among users, each user is guaranteed the minimum transmission opportunity. Another significant contribution of this paper is that we find that load-balancing based approaches could not achieve the maximum throughput for multi-rate WLANs, although load-balancing has been considered as an effective approach to improve the network throughput for single-rate WLANs. In-depth theoretical analysis and extensive simulations are performed to verify the throughput optimization and user fairness.
An Inductive Technique for Parameterised Model Checking of Degenerative Distributed Randomised Protocols
Authors: Douglas Graham, Muffy Calder, Alice Miller
Venue: Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science (ENTCS) (2009)

We present a technique to tackle the parameterised probabilistic model checking problem for a particular class of randomised distributed systems, which we model as Markov Decision Processes. These systems, termed degenerative, have the property that a model of a system with some communication graph will eventually behave like a model of a system with a reduced graph. We describe an induction schema for reasoning about models of a degenerative system over arbitrary graphs. We thereby show that a certain class of quantitative LTL properties will hold for a model of a system with any communication graph if it holds for all models of a system with some base graph. We demonstrate our technique via a case study (a randomised leader election protocol) specified using the PRISM modelling language.
A Robust Technique for Background Subtraction in Traffic Video
Authors: Tao Gao, Zheng-Guang Liu, Wen-Chun Gao, Jun Zhang
Venue: Advances in Neuro-Information Processing: 15th International Conference, ICONIP 2008, Auckland, New Zealand, November 25-28, 2008, Revised Selected Papers, Part II (2009)

A novel background model based on Marr wavelet kernel and a background subtraction technique based on binary discrete wavelet transforms are introduced. The background model keeps a sample of intensity values for each pixel in the image and uses this sample to estimate the probability density function of the pixel intensity. The density function is estimated using a new Marr wavelet kernel density estimation technique. Since this approach is quite general, the model can approximate any distribution for the pixel intensity without any assumptions about the underlying distribution shape. The background and current frame are transformed in the binary discrete wavelet domain, and background subtraction is performed in each sub-band. Experiments show that the simple method produces good results with much lower computational complexity and can effectively extract the moving objects, even though the objects are similar to the background, thus good moving objects segmentation can be obtained.
Application of EMD in the De-noise of Insulator Leakage Current
Authors: Zhu Yongli, Huang Yuanqing
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Forum on Information Technology and Applications - Volume 03 (2009)

Influence from weather and environment is the main reason of insulator flashover and it does great harm to national economy. As the electric symbol, leakage current plays an important role in the detection of insulators. In this paper, the mechanism of insulator flashover is described. By analyzing empirical mode decomposition and the high-frequency characteristics of insulator leakage current, the authors propose a new method for reducing the noise included in the current signal. Based on the characteristics of the insulator leakage current, some improvement is done to the algorithm of EMD and it effectively solves the problem brought by end effect. Through the simulative and practical tests, it is proved that the improved algorithm is more efficient as well as the method for reducing the noise by EMD.
QuizMASter - A Multi-Agent Game-Style Learning Activity
Authors: Mark Dutchuk, Khalid Aziz Muhammadi, Fuhua Lin
Venue: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on E-Learning and Games: Learning by Playing. Game-based Education System Design and Development (2009)

This paper describes a research project in progress of developing a Multi-Agent System-based educational game QuizMASter for e-learning that would help students learn their course material through friendly competition. We explore the use of perceptive pedagogical agents that would be able to determine the learner's attitudes; to assess learners' emotional states through examining learner's standing, response timing, and history, and banter; and to provide appropriate feedback to students in order to motivate them.
Unstructured audio classification for environment recognition
Authors: Selina Chu
Venue: Proceedings of the 23rd national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 3 (2008)

My thesis aims to contribute towards building autonomous agents that are able to understand their surrounding environment through the use of both audio and visual information. To capture a more complete description of a scene, the fusion of audio and visual information can be advantageous in enhancing the system's context awareness. The goal of this work is on the characterization of unstructured environmental sounds for understanding and predicting the context surrounding of an agent. Most research on audio recognition has focused primarily on speech and music. Less attention has been paid to the challenges and opportunities for using audio to characterize unstructured environments. Unlike speech and music, which have formantic structures and harmonic structures, environmental sounds are considered unstructured since they are variably composed from different sound sources. My research will investigate challenging issues in characterizing environmental sounds such as the development of appropriate features extraction algorithm and learning techniques for modeling the dynamics of the environment. A final aspect of my research will consider the decision making of an autonomous agent based on the fusion of visual and audio information.
Robot-centered Localization and Map Building for Autonomous Underwater Vehicle
Authors: Bo He, Nini Yu
Venue: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Natural Computing - Volume 01 (2009)

Navigation and localization with high precision has been one of most critical issues for the safety and effective completion of missions of autonomous underwater vehicles. Since the underwater environment is extremely complex and the external sensors of what can be used are limited to only sonar, as well as information obtained has too much noise and interference, thus all of the intractable will make data processing much more difficult. An EKF-based algorithm which builds feature map by using a robot centered representation is applies to an open-frame AUV in this paper, it delays the composition of the previous pose and the current vehicle motion until the feature map and the motion have been reﬁned by using new observations of the environment. Proposed method results in a better linearization. The features currently observed have an small uncertainty in the order of the sensor error. Simulations results show that the vehicle can locate itself with an improved precision and the algorithm can be a feasible way for AUV’s navigation.
A Feebly Secure Trapdoor Function
Authors: Edward A. Hirsch, Sergey I. Nikolenko
Venue: Proceedings of the Fourth International Computer Science Symposium in Russia on Computer Science - Theory and Applications (2009)

In 1992, A. Hiltgen [1] provided the first constructions of provably (slightly) secure cryptographic primitives, namely feebly one-way functions. These functions are provably harder to invert than to compute, but the complexity (viewed as circuit complexity over circuits with arbitrary binary gates) is amplified by a constant factor only (with the factor approaching 2).In traditional cryptography, one-way functions are the basic primitive of private-key and digital signature schemes, while public-key cryptosystems are constructed with trapdoor functions. We continue Hiltgen's work by providing an example of a feebly trapdoor function where the adversary is guaranteed to spend more time than every honest participant by a constant factor of $\frac{25}{22}$.
Designing for Culturally Contextualized Learning Activity Planning: Matching Learning Theories and Practice
Authors: Aparecido Fabiano Carvalho, Junia Coutinho Anacleto, Vania Paula Almeida Neris
Venue: Proceedings of the 12th IFIP TC 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Part II (2009)

Helping teachers in their activities has been an issue more and more explored in Computer Science. However, in order to support teachers effectively, it is necessary to understand their needs and to design tools that they can easily manage. One of those needs is undoubtedly to put in practice pedagogical principles. This paper presents the design of PACO-T, a tool for helping teachers in planning learning activities (LAs) supported by common sense knowledge, based on PACO, a seven-step textual framework for planning pedagogically suitable LAs. The design was based on the results of a case study carried out to investigate how teachers can plan LAs following PACO steps, using common sense knowledge from a common sense knowledge base collaboratively built through the web. Moreover, the interface design was ruled by a Web Design Pattern Language, attempting to improve the usability of the tool. PACO-T aims to help teachers to put in practice the recommendation for contextualizing LAs to the target group, found in several learning theories.
Cross-Cultural Understanding of the Dual Structure of Metaphorical Icons: An Explorative Study with French and Turkish Users on an E-Learning Site
Authors: Kerem Rızvanoğlu, Özgürol Öztürk
Venue: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Internationalization, Design and Global Development: Held as Part of HCI International 2009 (2009)

Research on the cross-cultural understanding of different interface aspects is an area of growing interest in human-computer interaction discipline. This paper mainly investigates the influence of culture on understanding metaphors in graphical user interfaces. Considering the dual coded structure of compound metaphorical icons which is composed of two major units: image and label, this study evaluates the main hypothesis that understanding of graphical and textual elements of the metaphors differs due to the real world and language experiences of the users. An empirical study on a French e-learning site -based on a spatial "Campus" metaphor- was conducted with 68 Turkish and French students. The study applied a multi-method approach including data collection instruments like questionnaires for understanding of metaphorical icons and interview. Findings do suggest differences in understanding across the two cultural groups and provide an in-depth analysis on the process of cross-cultural understanding of metaphors by focusing on the metaphorical inconsistencies.