pnugues/EB7 huggingface dataset:
KEJ, a town of Persia, and the present capital of the province of Mekran. Being situated on the high road from Candahar, Kelat, Shikrapoor, Khozdar, Bayla, &c. to the sea-port towns of Guatter and Chobar, it is a town of considerable importance, and an emporium of trade. The town encircles a fort, which is built on a high precipice, under which a river runs; and, from its natural strength, it is considered as impregnable by the natives. The governor or naib of Ke; holds the city and district under the nominal authority of Mahmood Khan of Kelat, though he does not acknowledge his authority by the payment of tribute. The revenues are trifling, and the governor, who formerly supported 4000 or 5000 men, has only a small number of Arabs in his pay. The country in the immediate vicinity is described as a flat and arid tract of waste land, extending northward as far as the sea-coast, and in some spots producing great quantities of dates. The flat is in some places intersected by ranges of hills and bare rocky mountains running north and south, but not advancing to the sea-shore.
KELENDRI, a seaport of Caramania, in Asiatic Turkey, the ancient Celendris, the ruins of which lie scattered in heaps at the foot of the mountains, and along a small bay. It is twenty-five miles south-w est of Selefkch.
KELIKDONI, or Erminak, a river of Asia Minor, the ancient Calycadnus, which falls into the Mediterranean near Selefkch. It is nowhere fordable, but travellers are accustomed to swim across on bladders.
KELLAMUNGULLUM, a town of Hindustan, in the ceded districts of Mysore, annexed to the Barramahal. It contains about 300 houses, and is defended by a small fort, with two reservoirs. A considerable quantity of opium is produced in the neighbourhood. It was at this place that, in 1799, the grand army assembled which overthrew the power of Tippoo Sultan. Long. 78. 5. E. Lat. 12. 35. N.
KELP, a term which is used in Britain to signify the alkaline substance obtained by burning sea-weed, and which is chiefly employed in the manufacture of green glass. Different species of sea-weed, belonging to the genus fu cus, and order algoe, are cultivated for this purpose. These plants are thrown on the rocks and shores in great abundance, and in the summer months are raked together and dried as hay in the sun and wind, and afterwards burned to the ashes called kelp. The process of making it is this: The rocks which are dry at low water are the beds of great quantities of sea-weed, which is cut, carried to the beach, and dried. A hollow is dug in the ground three or four feet wide; round its margin are laid a row of stones, on which the sea-weed is placed and set on fire within; and quantities of this fuel being continually heaped upon the circle, there is in the centre a perpetual flame, from which a liquid like melted metal drops into the hollow beneath. When it is full, as it commonly is ere the close of the day, all heterogeneous matter being removed, the kelp is wrought with iron rakes, and brought to an uniform consistence in the state of fusion. When cool, it consolidates into a heavy, dark-coloured, alkaline substance, which undergoes in the glass-house a second vitrification, and, when pure, assumes a perfect transparency.
KELPOORY, a town and small district of Hindustan, in the province of Delhi. The district is situated about the 29th degree of north latitude, and is bounded on the north by the mountains of Kemaon. The soil is fertile, with the exception of a considerable portion that is overgrown with extensive forests. It was ceded to the Company in 1801 by the nabob of Oude, and is now included in the collectorsbip of Bareilly. The town is forty-eight miles north-north-east from Bareilly. Long. 79. 39. E. Lat. 28. 59. N.
KELVEDON, a town of the hundred of Whitham, in [7:12:688] the county of Essex, on the great road to Colchester and Ipswich, forty miles from London. It stands on the river Pant, in a very fertile district, and consists chiefly of one long and well-built street, with several good inns. The population amounted in 1801 to 994, in 1811 to 1186, in 1821 to 1328, and in 1831 to 1463.
KEMPEN, a town of Prussia, the capital of the circle of the same name, in the province of Cleeves-Juliers. It contains 520 houses, with 3120 inhabitants, who carry on manufactures of linen and tapes. It is also the birth-place of the celebrated divine, Thomas à Kempis. -
KEMPIS, Thomas a, a pious and learned regular canon, was born at the village of Kemp, or Kempen, in the diocese of Cologne, in 1380, and took his name from that village. He performed his studies at Deventer, in the community of poor scholars established by Gerard Groot; and there made ^reat progress in the sciences. In 1399 he entered the monastery of the regular canons of Mount St Agnes, near Swol, of which his brother was prior. Thomas à Kempis there distinguished him 0 elf by his eminent piety, his respect for his superiors, his charity to his brother canons, and his continual application to labour and prayer. He died in the year 1471, at the age of ninety. The best editions of his works, which consist of sermons, spiritual treatises, and lives of holy men, are those of Paris in 1649, and of Antwerp in 1607. The well-known book De Imitatione Christi, which has been translated into all the languages of the civilized world, though it has commonly been numbered amongst the works of Thomas à Kempis, is also found printed under the name of Gerson; and, on the credit of some manuscripts, it has been since ascribed to the abbot Gerson, of the order of St Benedict. This occasioned a violent dispute between the canons of St Augustin and the Benedictines.
KEMPTEN, a city of Bavaria, in the province of the Upper Danube. It is situated on the river Iller, which is navigable nearly to its site, and is surrounded by hills. It is the seats of the revenue and police boards of the circle, and of the local courts of justice, both for civil and criminal affairs. The trade is inconsiderable, but consists in small linen and woollen manufactures. It contains 85Ü houses, and 5640 inhabitants, chiefly Catholics. Long. 10. 13. 25. E. Lat. 47. 44. 10. N.
KENANY, a small island of Hindustan, situated about thirteen miles south of Bombay, and two and a half from the mainland. In 1678Sevajee, the Mahratta chief, took possession of it, and from this station he greatly annoyed the trade of Bombay. It has a small harbour for vessels drawing little water, on the eastern side. Long. 72. 56. E. Lat. 18. 42. N.
KENDAL, a market-town of the county of Westmoreland, in the ward of the same name, 260 miles from London. It is situated on the river Ken, in a pleasant valley, and, by inland navigation, comes into connection with the sea, and with the rivers Morrey, Dee, Ribble, Ouse, Trent, Severn, Humber, Thames, and Avon. There is much industry applied to manufactures, the principal of which are the inferior kinds of woollen cloths and stuffs. It is a corporate town, under a mayor, twelve aidermen, and twenty-four capital burgesses, but returns no members to parliament. There are guilds or companies for several branches of trade, which now scarcely exist. The church is a large Gothic building, and there are chapels for the various denominations of Protestant dissenters, and for Roman Catholics. It is one of those towns which have been much increased and improved of late years. The population amounted in 1801 to 6892,in 1811 to 7505, in 1821 to 8984, and in 1831 to 10,015.
KENILWORTH, a town of the county of Warwick, in the hundred of Knightlow, 100 miles from London. It is celebrated as the residence of the Earl of Leicester, the favourite of Elizabeth, and for the entertainments given in the castle, the ruins of which attest their former splendour. There is a market which is held on Wednesday. The inhabitants amounted in 1801 to 1968, in 1811 to 2279, in 1821 to 2577, and in 1831 to 3097.
KENNEL, a term used indifferently for a puddle, a water-course in the streets, a house for a pack of hounds, and the pack or cry of hounds themselves. See Hound and Hunting.
KENNERI, a collection of remarkable caverns excavated in the rocky hills of the island of Salsette, near to Bombay, one of which had been fitted up by the Portuguese as a church, and they consequently thought it their duty to deface all the most pagan-looking sculptures. The fine teak ribs for supporting the roof are almost gone, and the porticois not so elegant as that at Carli. On the sides are two gigantic erect figures, each twenty-five feet in height, with their hands close to their bodies, which resembled the figures of Buddha seen at Ceylon. On each side of the great cave are smaller ones, apparently unfinished. The origin of these singular excavations is lost in obscurity. There is not even the slightest gleam of tradition to guide the antiquarian in his researches into these curious memorials of Hindu or Buddha superstition; and in what age of the world, or by what people, they have been completed, is a question now likely to remain for ever unknown.
KENNINGTON, a hamlet adjoining to London, in the parish of Lambeth, in Surrey, a mile and a half from Westminster Bridge. It is one of those places in the vicinity of the metropolis which of late years have vastly increased in opulence and appearance. Two new churches, and numerous substantial houses, have been built. A palace formerly stood within it, which was inhabited by se veral of our monarchs, the last of whom was Henry the Eighth. It was destroyed in the civil war under Charles the First. A canal has been carried on to this place from the Thames, by which coals and other heavy articles are conveyed to it at a cheap rate.
KENRICK, William, an author of considerable ability, was the son of a citizen of London, and brought up, it is said, to a mechanical employment. This, however, he seems early to have abandoned, and to have devoted his talents to the cultivation of letters, by which he supported himself during the rest of a life which might be said to have passed in a state of warfare, as he was seldom without an enemy to attack or to defend himself against. He was for some time a student at Leyden, where he received the degree of doctor in both laws. Not long after his return to England, he attracted some notice as a poet by Epistles Philosophical and Moral, 1759, addressed to Lorenzo; an avowed defence of infidelity, written whilst under confinement for debt, and with a declaration that he was “much less ambitious of the character of a poet than of a philosopher.” From this period he became a writer by profession; and the Proteus shapes under which be appeared it would be a fruitless attempt to trace. He was for a considerable time a writer in the Monthly Review; but having quarrelled with his principal, he began a new review of his own. When Dr Johnson’s edition of Shakspeare first appeared in the year 1765, it was followed in a fortnight by a pamphlet, entitled a Review of Dr Johnson’s new Edition of Shakspeare, in which the ignorance or inattention of that editor is exposed, and the poet defended from the persecution of his commentators. This pamphlet was followed by an examination of it, and that by a Defence in 1766, in which year he produced his pleasant comedy of Falstaff’s Wedding, at first intended to have been given to the public as an original play of Shakspeare retrieved from obscurity, and which, it must be acknowledged, is a happy imitation of the great dramatic bard. With the celebrated English Roscius Dr Kenrick was at one time on terms of the strictest intimacy; but he took occasion to quarrel with him in print, and in a mode too unmanly to be mentioned. In politics also he made himself not a little conspicuous, particularly in the dispute between his friends Wilkes and Horne. He was the original editor of the Morning Chronicle; but being ousted for neglect, he set up a new one in opposition. He translated in a very able manner the Emile and the Hé-loise of Rousseau; the Elements of the History of England by Millot; and produced several dramatic performances, together with an infinite variety of publications both original and translated. To him also the public are indebted for the collection, imperfect as it is, of the poetical works of Robert Lloyd, 1774, in two vols. 8vo. Dr Kenrick died on the 9th of June 1777.
KENSINGTON, a large parish, whose boundary joins to London, in the hundred of Ossulton, in the county of Middlesex. It is chiefly remarkable for the royal palace and gardens, the latter of which forms the scene of the recreation of the inhabitants of the metropolis. The palace is an irregular brick building, purchased by William the Third, and by him and his successors enlarged in various styles. Though with little exterior taste, it has good suites of apartments allotted to junior members of the royal family, and to other persons. The gardens have received all the advantages of which their situation is capable, and form a most pleasing promenade. Holland House and other mansions are objects of remark within this parish, as well as the numerous smaller buildings erected within the last twenty years. The inhabitants amounted in 1801 to 8556, in 1811 to 10,386, in 1821 to 14,428, and in 1831 to 20,902.
KENTIGERN, St, or St Mungo, a famous saint of the Catholic church, who flourished in Scotland in the sixth century, and is said to have been of the royal blood of both Scotch and Picts, being the son of Thametis, the daughter of Loth king of the Picts, by Eugene III. king of Scotland. The bishoprics of Glasgow and St Asaph were founded by him in 560. He obtained the appellation of Mungo from the affection of his tutor St Serf or Servanus s bishop of Orkney, who called him Mongah, which in the Norwegian language signifies dear friend.
KENTISH Town, a hamlet of the parish of Paneras, in the hundred of Ossulton, in the county of Middlesex. It has of late so much extended its buildings, that it almost forms a suburb to the metropolis. It is finely situated in a valley, beginning between the hills of Hampstead and Highgate; and being deemed a remarkably healthy spot, is much occupied with country residences of persons connected with London; and within the last ten years it has assumed an elegant appearance. There is a chapel of ease, and some dissenting places of worship.
KENTON, a parish of the county of Devon, in the hundred of Exminster, 178 miles from London. It is situated on the river Ex, where the Ken falls into that stream. The inhabitants amounted in 1801 to 1639, in 1811 to 1793, in 1821 to 1891, and in 1831 to 2050.
KENWYN, a parish in the county of Cornwall, within the hundred of Powder, 257 miles from London. It joins the town of Truro, and forms a kind of suburb to it. The inhabitants amounted in 1801 to 4017, in 1811 to 5000, in 1821 to 6221, and in 1831 to 8492.
KENZINGEN, a city, the capital of the bailiwick of the same name, in the circle of Treisam, in the duchy of Baden. The bailiwick comprehends two towns, twenty villages and hamlets, peopled by 12,100 souls. The city stands on the river Elz, in a fine situation, containing 460 houses, and 2430 inhabitants. It is surrounded with walls, and is a place of some trade, especially in leather. Near to it is the well-frequented baths of Birnhalden.
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KEOUNSAY, a town of the Burman empire, situated on the eastern bank of the Irrawaddy River; and, like all the other towns in this country, the houses are raised several feet above the ground, upon piles. Long. 96.40. E. Lat. 17. 20. N.
KEPPEL Bay, on the eastern coast of New Holland, [7:12:701]discovered and so named by Captain Cook, who sailed past it in 1770. It was visited by Captain Flinders, who discovered that it communicated with Port Curtis. Long, of the anchorage, 150. 58. E. Lat. 23. 29. S.
KERAH, or Haweeza, and by the Turks called Karasu, a considerable river of Persia, which takes its rise in the mountains of Ardelan, in Kurdistan, from the junction of numerous streams. It makes its way through the plain of Kermanshaw, greatly increased by the contribution of two considerable rivers, the Kazawur and the Gamasu; after which it flows with a furious course through Chusistan, receiving in its progress the accession of many streams. It flows onward to the ruins of Shus, and the city of Haweeza, and enters the Shut-el-Arab about twenty miles below Korna.
KERBELA, or Meshed Hossein, a large and populous town of Irak Arabi, situated at the extremity of a very noble canal drawn from the Euphrates. This was called by the ancient geographers Vologesia, and is mentioned as an inconsiderable place. But since the death of Hossein, the son of Ali by Fatima, the daughter of the prophet, who was slain near this place, and is interred at it, it has greatly increased, from the numerous resort of pilgrims of the sect of Ali, who flock to it from all quarters, especially from Persia, to pay devotions at the shrine. It has five gates, a well-supplied bazar, and seven caravanserais. But the chief and the only ornaments of the city are, the tomb of Hossein, which is adorned with a lofty cupola, gilded by Nadir Shah; and a noble mosque, consecrated to the memory of Abbas, the half-brother of the Imam. The town is subject to the Turks, but the majority of the inhabitants are Persians. The environs of the town and borders of the canal are shaded by extensive plantations of palm trees; and the walls, which are upwards of two miles in circumference, were repaired some years ago, to secure the riches of the city against the incursions of the Wahabees, by whom it was plundered when that sect was more powerful. The canal of Kerbela, or Nahr Sares, though it now bears the name of Hossein, is more ancient than the days of Alexander. This place is fifty miles southsouth-west of Bagdad.
KERCOLANG, an island in the Eastern Seas, and the largest of the Salibabo islands, estimated at from eighty to a hundred miles in circumference, and inhabited chiefly by Mahommedans. It is situated between the 4th and 5th degrees of north latitude, and about 12G. 30. of east longitude.
KERESOUN, a sea-port of Rumiyah, in Asiatic Turkey, situated in a gulf of the Black Sea bearing the same name. It consists of about 700 ruinous houses, of which 500 are inhabited by Turks, 150 by Greeks, and fifty by Armenians, the only industrious portion of the community. The town is built on an elevated rocky promontory which bounds the bay, and is supposed to be the ancient Cerasus. The inhabitants trade with the Crimea. It is seventy miles west-south-west of Trebisond.
KERGUELEN’S Land, or Island of Desolation, an island in the South Indian Ocean, discovered by Kerguelen, a Frenchman, and visited in the year 1779 by Captain Cook. It occupies one degree and a quarter of latitude, and about two of longitude. It is almost totally destitute of vegetation, owing to the coldness and moisture of the climate; and is represented as one of the bleakest and most desolate places of the earth, the haunt of sea-birds and amphibious animals. Long. 69. 30. E. Lat. 49. 20. S.
KERI-CETIB, are various readings in the Hebrew Bible, keri signifying that which is read, and cetib that which is written. For where any such various readings occur, the wrong reading is written in the text, and that is called the cetib ; and the true reading is written in the margin, with ρ under it, and called the keri. It is generally said by the Jewish writers that these corrections were introduced by Ezra; but it is more probable that they had their origin from the mistakes of the transcribers after the time of Ezra, and the observations and corrections of the Masorites. Those keri-cetibs which are found in the sacred books written by Ezra himself, or which were taken into the canon after his time, could not have been noticed by Ezra himself; and this affords a presumption that the others are of later date. These words amount to about a thousand; and Dr Kennicot, in his Dissertatio Generalis, remarks that all of them excepting fourteen have been found in the text of different manuscripts.
KERINJA, a large walled town of Hindustan, in the province of Berar. It has a large reservoir of water. The latitude is not ascertained.
KERKOOK, a town of Asiatic Turkey, and the largest of Lower Kurdistan. It is the ancient Demetrias of Strabo, and the Corcura of Ptolemy. It is in the direct road from Bagdad to Mosul, fifty-nine furlongs from the former, and forty-one from the latter. The city is situated on a commanding eminence, nearly perpendicular on all sides, below which is an extensive suburb; and it still retains the appearance of a Roman fortress. A nearer examination of the town, however, disclosing the narrowness and filth of the streets, together with the meanness of the houses, leaves no doubt as to the character and habits of the people. The city is defended by a mud wall, and has two gates, seven mosques, fourteen coffee-houses, a museum, a caravanserai, an Armenian church, and twelve pieces of useless artillery on the bastions. In the suburbs are five mosques, nine small caravanserais, thirteen coffee-houses, three convents, and three catholic churches. The surrounding country is unequal in its surface, and on the north side is a low range of barren and rocky mountains.“The population of Kerkook is estimated at 18,000, though Mr Kinneir does not think it can exceed 13,000. These consist of Turks, Armenians, Nestorians, and Kurds. Long. 43. 42. E. Lat. 35. 29. N.
KERMANSHAW, a handsome and flourishing town of Persia, in the western part of the province of Irak. It is situated on the south-western slope of a range of mountains, at the extremity of a large plain, through the centre of which runs the Kerah or Karasu. It has the appearance of a handsome city, exhibiting the glittering domes of mosques within, and the battlements and towers of lofty walls without. The present shah has made it the capital of the district, over which he has constituted his eldest son, Mahmoud Ali Mirza, the governor. This prince is daily adding to its importance, by the construction of modern defensive works, and the erection of various public edifices. The bazar was rebuilt on an extensive plan in 1818, when it was visited by Sir R. K. Porter; a magnificent palace was also finished at the same time. Kermanshaw is famous for a manufactory of fire-arms, and the villages in its vicinity for carpets of the most beautiful colours and fabric. Luxurious gardens surround the town, abounding in fruits of all kinds, but particularly in grapes of a delicious muscatel flavour. The population amounts to 15,000 families, amongst whom there are a few Christians and Jews. It is 140 miles north-east from Bagdad. Long. 46. 30. E. Lat. 34. 20. N.
KERMES, the name of an insect produced in the excrescences of a species of the oak.

Kermes Mineral, so called from its colour, which resembles that of vegetable kermes, is one of the antimonial preparations.
KERN, or Kerne, a term in the ancient Irish militia, signifying a foot soldier. Camden tells us that the armies of [7:12:702]Ireland consisted of cavalry, called galloglasses ; and infantry, lightly armed, called kernes. The kernes were armed with swords and darts; and to the latter were fitted cords, by which they could recover them after they had been launched out.
KERREY, a large parish in the county of Montgomery, and hundred of that name, in North Wales, 179 miles from London. It is finely situated on a gentle eminence in a beautiful valley, and the country around it is highly fertile. A large proportion of the population is employed in making fine Welsh flannels. It has a fine old Gothic church, of most venerable appearance. The population amounted in 1801 to 1758, in 1811 to 1855, in 1821 to 2038, and in 1831 to 2199.
KERSEY, a kind of coarse woollen cloth, made chiefly in Kent and Devonshire. ⅛
KESCH, or Kech, a town, and capital of a district, in Great Buckharia. It was a favourite city of Timur, whose first appointment was as governor of this place. He here erected a splendid palace, on which the traveller Clavijo found workmen employed who had been labouring here for thirty years. It contained a university for the study of law and the sciences, and had also annexed to it gardens and meadows. It is thirty miles south of Sarnarcand.