pnugues/EB7 huggingface dataset:
WAGEEO, or Waygiou, one of the Papuan islands, separated by Dampier’s Strait from New Guinea to the south. It may be estimated in length at ninety miles, by twenty-two miles in average breadth. The island is throughout mountainous at a small distance from the coast, and very woody, being covered with an immense forest reaching to the water’s edge. The trees grow to an immense height; and vegetables are in great variety, namely, oranges, cocoa-nuts, sugar-canes, sago, and pimento. On the north coast of this island is a harbour formed by the island of Rawak, on which grows the ambong tree, the heart of which is an excellent cabbage. On the north-west coast of Waygiou there is another harbour named Piapis, situated in latitude 0° 5' south, long 130° 15' east. It is formed by two capacious bays, where there is fresh water, and abundance of tall timber fit for masts. Both bays have good mud soundings; and on a small island named Sisipa is a pond of fresh water, with sago trees growing close to it. Here the cabbage tree also abounds. The gigantic Kima cockle is found in plenty among the coral reefs. Turtles of large size are found on the shore, and numbers of wild hogs in the woods. Here are seen many rare and beautiful birds, namely, the black cockatoo, the bird of paradise, &c. The natives are of a very suspicious disposition, probably from their being trepanned as slaves. They are barbarous in their habits, going almost entirely naked. The chiefs only have jackets and trousers of Chinese stuffs, and wear a bat and turban. The colour of their skins is not black; their hair is thick and curled, and grows to a considerable length. Their houses, which are built on posts, consist of bamboo, and are elevated above the ground. The aborigines inhabit the interior, the Mahommedans the sea-coast. The island is situated about the 131st degree of east longitude, and within the 12th degree of south latitude.
WAGES. See Τaχατιον.
WAGGON, a wheel-carriage, of which there are various forms, accommodated to the different uses for which they are intended. The common waggon consists of the shafts or rods, being the two pieces which the hind horse bears up; the welds; the slotes, or cross pieces, which hold the shafts together; the bolster, being that part on which the fore-wheels and the axle-tree turn in wheeling the waggon across the road; the chest or body of the waggon, having the staves or rails fixed thereon; the bales, or hoops which compose the top; the tilt, the place covered with cloth, at the end of the waggon. See MecHANIcs.
WAGNAGUR, a town of Hindustan, possessed by independent native chiefs, on the sea-coast of the Gujerat peninsula. Long. 71. 58. E. Lat. 21. 3. N.
WAGUR, a district of Hindustan, in the province of Cutch, of which it forms the eastern boundary. The inhabitants are Mahommedans, and predatory in their habits; and the country is elevated and woody, and intersected by a number of streams which fall into the Runn.
WAHI, a town of Hindustan, in the province of Bejapoor, long the residence of an illustrious Mahratta family, about fifty miles south of Poonah.
WAIFS, Βova Waviata, are goods stolen, and waived or thrown away by the thief in his flight, for fear of being apprehended. These by the law are given to the king, as a punishment upon the owner for not himself pursuing the felon, and taking away his goods from him. And therefore if the party robbed do his diligence immediately to follow and apprehend the thief (which is called making fresh suit), or convict him afterwards, or procure evidence to convict him, he shall have his goods again.
WAINFLEET, a market-town in the Lindsey division of the county of Lincoln, in the hundred of Candelshoe, 132 miles from London. It is situated on a creek of the sea, only navigable for small vessels. The town comprehends two parishes, All Saints and St Mary’s, with each a church. There is a weekly market on Saturday, and three annual fairs. The population amounted in 1821 to 1422, and in 1831 to 1795.
WAINSCOT, in building, the timber-work that serves to line the walls of a room, being usually made in panels, and painted, to serve instead of hangings.
WAKE, the track impressed by the course of a ship on the surface of the water. It is formed by the re-union of the body of water which was separated by the ship’s bottom while moving through it; and may be seen to a considerable distance behind the stern, as smoother than the rest of the sea. Hence it is usually observed by the compass, to discover the angle of lee-way. A ship is said to be in the wake of another when she follows her on the same track, or a line supposed to be formed on the continuation of her keel. Two distant objects observed at sea are called in the wake of each other, when the view of the farthest is intercepted by the nearest, so that the observer’s eye and the two objects are all placed upon the same right line.
WAKEFIELD, a large market-town of the wapentake of Morley, in the west riding of the county of York, 180 miles from London and nine from Leeds. It stands on the river Calder, is well built, with wide streets, in which are many very handsome brick houses. Besides the churches, the other public buildings are, the free grammar-school, the house of correction for the county, the cloth-hall, and a theatre. The chief trade of this town formerly was the manufacture of woollen cloths, and at one period the clothing for the Russian army was fabricated here; but that branch has been lost, and the other branches of the woollen trade have not. advanced at the same pace as in Leeds and other neighbouring towns. Wakefield has now the largest corn-market in England next to London. The corn is brought mostly by canals from the south-east part of the county, and the foreign corn from Hull, which is chiefly used by the densely peopled districts near Leeds, Halifax, Huddersfield, and Barnsley, with all of which places there is a water-communication. The corn-market is on Friday, and there is one for wool on Thursday. The quarter-sessions for the west riding are held here. There is also a weekly petty-session. The population amounted in 1801 to 8131, in 1811 to 8593, in 1821 to 10,764, and in 1831 to 12,232. This is one of the new boroughs created by the reform act of 1832, and returns one member to the House of Commons.
WALAJA, or Abadnagub, a town of the south of India, in the province of the Carnatic, situated on the north side of the Palar river. It is a place of considerable consequence, regularly built, rich and populous. By means of bullocks, it carries on a considerable trade between the seacoast and Mysore. Long. 78. 5. E. Lat. 12. 40. N.
WALCHEREN, an island, forming part of the province of Zealand, in the kingdom of Holland. It stands on the north entrance of the western Scheldt, is highly fertile, though unhealthy to foreigners, especially in the autumn, when they are liable to be attacked by that description of fever which takes its name from the island, and which proved so ruinous to the British army after its capture in 1809. It contains the populous cities of Middleburg and Flushing, and many large villages, and about 33,000 inhabitants.
WALDAI, a circle of the Russian government of Novogorod. It extends in north latitude from 57° 37' to 58° 16', and in east longitude from 33° 24' to 38° 4', and contains one city and 507 villages, in 100 parishes, with 54,640 inhabitants. It is abundant in streams, and has upwards of 150 small lakes, some of them five or six miles in length. It contains little wood, and the chief pursuit is agriculture. The capital has the same name, a city of 325 inhabitants, 224 miles from St Petersburg. Long. 32. 19. E. Lat. 57. 44. N.
WALDECK, a small principality of the north of Germany, deriving its name from a mountain castle, the ruins of which still exist It is between 51° 4' and 51° 31' of north latitude, and between 8° 26' and 9° 7' east longitude, as regards the chief part of the territory; but a small portion of it, the Graffshaft, or county of Pyrmont, is detached from it, and lies between the Prussian and Hanoverian dominions. The entire extent is 480 square miles, or about 307,200 English acres. The whole of Waldeck is a mountainous and woody district, the soil generally is poor and [7:21:711]stony, and in the best years scarcely yielding sufficient corn for home consumption, although potatoes form a large portion of the food of the labourers. It has no large rivers, but many small streams, which ultimately fall into the river Weser. In some parts there are large flocks of sheep, which have been improved by mixing with Spanish and Saxon rams, and now produce fine wool. The horned cattle yield abundance of butter and some cheese, which are the only products of the soil that are sent out of the country in exchange for the few foreign luxuries that are needed. The forests abound with game of all kinds, and some of the wild animals, especially the wild hogs, are a great annoyance to the cultivators. The mountain-streams abound in fish, and the trout in them are reported to be of excellent flavour. There are mines of iron and of copper worked, and the proceeds manufactured on the spots where they are drawn. The annual quantity of iron is about 200 tons, that of copper not exceeding forty tons. There are salt springs, which provide the quantity needed of culinary salt; and there are some quarries of good marble. The countship of Pyrmont consists only of a single valley, surrounded on all sides with lofty hills, through which the river Emmer runs, and on its banks are some rich meadows and a few corn-fields. The mineral spring is the great attraction; and accommodations are well provided for the numerous guests that repair to it in search of health. The government of Waldeck is vested in the prince alone, though, on the ancient principle, the states at times assemble, and form a single chamber, at Arolsen, to make laws, but have little business to do. The capital of the principality is a town of 2060 inhabitants. The other towns are Pyrmont, with 4500, and Arolsen, with 1750. The whole population is 54,000, scattered in ten small towns and 105 villages. They adhere to the Lutheran religion, with the exception of 800 catholics, 600 reformed, and 500 Jews, with a very few quakers. The revenues of the prince amount to about L.40,000, of which L.7000 arises from the water of Pyrmont, and the greater part of the remainder from his landed property; but the revenue is loaded with a heavy debt. At one period the military force was raised to 1700 men, but at present the contingent to the German confederation is 518 men.
WALDEGRAVE Islands, two small rocky islands lying off the southern coast of New Holland. Captain Flinders includes them under the title of the Investigator’s Group. Long, of the largest, 134. 44. E. Lat. 33. 35. S.
WALDENSES. See Valdenses.
WALDO. See Valdo.
WALKJ, a circle of the Russian government of Ukraine, extending in north latitude from 49° 33' to 50° 2', and in east longitude from 35° 9’ to 35° 48'. It comprehends 660 square miles, with one city, eighty-three towns, many scattered farms and houses, and 65,700 inhabitants. The chief employments are agriculture, breeding cattle, and distillation. The capital is a city of the same name on the river Moscha. It contains 1450 houses, five churches, and 9820 inhabitants, who subsist by trading in the produce of the soil. It is 1003 miles from St Petersburg. Long. 35. 50. E. Lat. 49. 50. N.
WALLINGFORD, a market and borough town of the county of Berks and hundred of Moreton, 46 miles from London. It stands on the river Thames, over which is a fine stone bridge of 19 arches, 300 yards in length, with drawbridges to admit the passage of barges. It is an ancient town, once consisting of twelve parishes, now reduced to four. The corporate body consists of a mayor, four aldermen, and eleven councillors. One member is returned to the House of Commons by the borough. The little trade there is depends principally on the river-navigation. There is a well-endowed free school, four churches, and several chapels for dissenters; also a county-hall, in which the assizes were occasionally held. The markets are on Tuesday and Friday. The population amounted in 1821 to 2493, and in 1831 to 2467
WALLINGTON, a hamlet in the parish of Beddington and hundred of its own name in the county of Surrey, eleven miles from London. It is only remarkable for the printing and bleaching grounds within it, on the banks of the river Wandle. The great rivalry from the calico-printers in the north has suspended the progress of the manufactures of this place. The population amounted in 1821 to 847, and in 1831 to 933.
WALLSEND, a large village, situated between Newcastle and North Shields, in the county of Northumberland. It is noted for the excellent quality of the coal so abundant in its neighbourhood, as well as for its connection with the celebrated Roman wall built by the emperor Severus, which, as the name of the place indicates, terminated here. There are several building-yards for ships on the banks of the Tyne, and likewise extensive lime-kilns. In addition to the established church of St Peter’s, there are se veral dissenting places of worship. The population of the parish amounted in 1821 to 5103, and in 1831 to 5510.
WALLUBGHUR, a hill-fortress of Hindustan, in the Mahratta territories, in the province of Bejapore and district of Darwar. It was long in possession of the Mahratta chief Purseram Bhow. On his death it was occupied by the Colapoor rajah, in whose possession it remained until 1804, when, by the interposition of the British, it was restored to the peshwa, and is now held by one of his feudatories.
WALMER, a neatly-built village, containing many respectable private dwelling-houses, in the hundred of Cornito in the county of Kent. It is noted for the castle of the same name, built close on the sea-shore, and used as the residence of the lord-warden of the cinque ports. The castle commands an extensive view of the Downs, the Straits of Dover, and the French coast. The population of the parish amounted in 1821 to 1568, and in 1831 to 1779.
WALSALL, a town of the hundred of Offlow and county of Stafford, 116 miles from London and fifteen from Stafford. It is a place of great antiquity. It stands on the side of a hill, and consists of several regular and spacious wellbuilt streets, which are well paved, and lighted with gas. The parish church is a spacious building, in the form of a cross, with an octagonal tower. There is also a handsome chapel, called St Paul’s, erected in 1826. The town has a well-supplied market on Tuesday, and three annual fairs. The trade is very extensive, chiefly in various kinds of hardware, but especially in what consists in horses’ furniture, usually called saddlers’ ironmongery. The government is vested in a corporate body, consisting of a mayor, six aldermen, and seventeen councillors. The suburb, called the Foreign, is now the largest portion of the place, or at least contains the greatest number of inhabitants; and by the late act the whole is made one borough for the purposes of election, and has received the power of returning one member to the House of Commons. Walsall contains many dissenters, who have their respective chapels. The population amounted in 1821 to 11,914, and in 1831 to 15,066.
WALSH, William, an English critic and poet, the son of Joseph Walsh, Esq. of Abberley in Worcestershire, was born about the year 1660. He became a gentleman commoner of Wadham College, Oxford, but left the university without taking a degree. His writings are to be found among the works of the Minor Poets, printed in 1749. He was [7:21:730]made gentleman of the horse in Queen Anne’s reign, and died in 1708. He was the friend of Dryden and of Pope, the former of whom esteemed him the best critic then living; and Pope has celebrated his character in the Essay on Criticism.
WALSHAM, Νοrth, a market-town of Norfolk, in the hundred of Tunstead, 124 miles from London, and twelve from Norwich. It is about six miles from the sea-shore, and consists of three streets, diverging from a central area, in which is built the church. It has a well-supplied market on Tuesday, and two annual fairs. There is an endowed free school, and several dissenting places of worship. The population amounted in 1821 to 2303, and in 1831 to 2615.
WALTHAM ABBEY, a market-town of the county of Essex, in the hundred of Waltham, eleven miles from London. It takes its name from the stately abbey erected there by Harold, son of Earl Godwin, and afterwards further endowed by Henry II. The present church was formed out of a part of the ancient building. The town has a market on Tuesday, and three annual fairs. An establishment has been formed by government for the manufacture of gunpowder. The population amounted in 1821 to 1883, and in 1831 to 2013.
WALTHAMSTOW, a large parish, with a town of the same name, in the county of Essex, in the hundred of Becontree, five miles from London. It is situated near the river Lea, in a rich district, and consists mostly of country houses belonging to the rich class of traders of the metropolis. There is a large church, an endowed school, and several dissenting chapels. The population amounted in 1821 to 4304, and in 1831 to 4258.
WALURU, a town of Hindustan, province of Mysore. It consists of 500 houses, and is one of the richest and best built towns on this frontier, above the Ghauts. It is defended by a citadel, and has a manufacture of cotton cloth, and another of blankets. There are also distilleries of country rum, in which the bark of the mimosa is an ingredient. A Hindu chieftain, who formerly held this town and the adjoining territory, is allowed to inhabit the citadel, and has a pension from the Mysore government. It is situated a few miles from Bangalore.
WAMAR, a small island in the Eastern Seas, near the west coast of Aroo. Long. 134. 57. E. Lat. 5. 30. S.
WANDIA, a town of Hindustan, province of Cutch, district of Wagur, situated on the northern side of the Runn, immediately opposite the fortress of Mallia. It was subdued by the British in 1809, when the chief was laid under tribute. Long. 70. 43. E. Lat. 23. 3. N.
WANDICOTTA, a town and large district of the Balaghaut ceded territories, situated principally between the fourteenth and fifteenth degrees of north latitude, and now mostly comprehended in the Cudapah collectorship. The chief towns are Wandicota, Tadimery, and Anantapooram, and the principal river is Pennar. The town was formerly a very strong fortress, and remarkable for the vicinity of a diamond mine. It is fifty miles north-north-west from Cuddapah. Long. 78. 20. E. Lat. 14. 42. N.
WANDIPOOR, a town and fortress of Hindustan, province of Bootan, in the territories of the rajah. It is a place of great strength, being situated on the narrow extremity of a rock, between three rivers, the confluence of whose streams takes place at its sharpened point, and forms a river of considerable magnitude, called the Chantchieu, which falls into the Brahmapootra. At Wandipoor there is a curious bridge of fir, without the least iron in its construction, of 112 feet span, which is said to have lasted 150 years, without exhibiting any symptoms of decay. The climate here is excessively cold, and subject to high winds. The town is consecrated, and is the residence of a considerable number of gylongs or priests of the grand lama.
WANDIWASH, a town and fortress of the south of India, in the province of the Carnatic. In 1759, the British were repulsed in an attack on this place; but in November following, it was taken by Sir Eyre Coote, with scarcely any loss. It was the scene of a decisive battle, in January 1760, between the French under Μ. Lally, and the British under Colonel Coote, with their respective allies, in which the former were totally defeated. The fortress was demolished, by order of General Stuart, in 1783. The town, with the adjoining territory, is now included in the Arcot collectorship. It is sixty-four miles south-west of Madras. Long. 79. 40. E. Lat. 12. 20. N.
WANDSWORTH, a town and large parish in the county of Surrey, in the hundred of Brixton, six miles from London. It stands at the junction of the river Wandle with the Thames, and contains corn-mills, distilleries, breweries, and boat-building yards upon a large scale, as well as silk and printing works. There are two churches, one of recent erection, some dissenting places of worship, and some charitable establishments founded by Henry Smith, who was buried here in 1627, having left vast sums for benevolent purposes. There are many fine houses within the parish. The population amounted in 1821 to 6702, and in 1831 to 6879.
WANKANEER, a town of Hindustan, province of Gujerat, situated on an angle formed by the conflux of the rivers Muchoo and Patalia. It contains about 5000 houses, and a very handsome mosque, and belongs to a petty chief, who is tributary to the Guicowar. Long. 70. 55. E. Lat. 22. 27. N.
WANLOCKHEAD, a village in the parish of Sanquhar and county of Dumfries, nearly 1500 feet above the level of the sea. It is famed for the lead mines which have been worked there from the middle of the sixteenth century to the present time, with various success, but which are now on the decrease. Gold was at one time worked for, and it is still collected by the miners in small particles. Between the years 1831 and 1835, two specimens were found which weighed respectively ninety and sixty grains. The quantity of lead raised in 1829 was 596 tons, and in 1830, 461 tons, which was sold at L.13 per ton. The number of persons employed in the works in 1835 amounted to 208. The miners have established a subscription library for their own use. The population amounted in 1821 to 706, and in 1831 to 675.
WANNY, an extensive district in the island of Ceylon, situated on the north-east quarter, in the vicinity of Trincomalee. It is a flat country, well adapted for the cultivation of rice.
WANSTEAD, a parish of the county of Essex, in the hundred of Becontree, six miles from London. It is a scattered place, containing many fine residences belonging to the richer class of the inhabitants of the metropolis. It was chiefly remarkable for the magnificent mansion recently destroyed, to the great regret of the public. The church is a modern elegant edifice. The population amounted in 1821 to 1354, and in 1831 to 1403.
WANTAGE, a market-town and parish of the county of Berks, and in the hundred of the same name, sixty miles [7:21:733]from London. This place is celebrated from King Alfred having been born in a royal residence which it once contained. The town stands in the vale of the White Horse; a name given to it from the figure of a gigantic horse cut in the side of a chalk-hill, to commemorate Alfred’s victory over the Danes. It is in a galloping position, and covers nearly an acre of ground. Near to the horse are some stones set on edge, said to be the burial-place of the Danish leaders who fell in the battle, which, according to the tradition, was fought near it. The peasantry in the neighbourhood are accustomed to assemble yearly at midsummer for what is called scouring the horse, when they remove every weed and obstacle that may have obscured the figure, and afterwards spend the day in various rural sports. It is now a place of little trade, except that of making flaxen cloth for sacking. There is a market on Saturday, and four annual fairs. The population amounted in 1821 to 2560, and in 1831 to 2507.