pnugues/EB7 huggingface dataset:
TRIMBUCK, a strong fortress of Hindustan, in the province of Aurungabad, situate near the source of the Godavery. It surrendered to the British in 1818, after a short bombardment. Long. 73. 42. E. Lat. 20. 1. N.
TRINCOMALEE, a town, fortress, and excellent harbour in the island of Ceylon, situated on the north-east of the island. It is of greater extent than Colombo, but contains fewer houses, and is much inferior in population and appearance. The fort is very strong, and commands the principal bays, particularly the entrance into the harbour. It has also a citadel, called Fort Ostenburg, erected on a cliff which projects into the sea; nor can it be attacked till after the capture of the lower fort. It was originally built by the Portuguese, from the ruins of some celc-l>rated pagodas. In the bay the shores arc so bold, and the waters so deep, that it is almost possible to step from the rocks into the vessels moored alongside. At the extremity of the rock on which the fort stands, a strong battery is erected, and there the flag-staff is placed. The harbour is good, and affords security to shipping in all seasons and weathers, being deep and capacious, and landlocked on all sides. From its convenient situation, it is of great consequence to a maritime power; for when the violent monsoon commences, all vessels on the coast of Coromandel, and the east side of the Bay of Bengal, are obliged to put to sea, and then Trincomalee is their only place of refuge. The great expectations that were formed of this place by the British government have not however been realized. Owing to the barren and unproductive nature of the surrounding country, but few inhabitants have been collected. Provisions are scarce, and there is nothing to induce merchants to settle in the town. Hence the society is almost exclusively composed of the officers of the regiments stationed here. The lower classes are chiefly Hindus from the opposite coast, and a few gold and silversmiths, who are native Ceylonese. the adjacent woods abound with wild hogs, buffaloes, and elephants, the latter being frequently shot within a mile of the town. The Portuguese were the first Europeans who were in possession of this place. It was taken from them by the Dutch, with whom it remained till the year 1782, when it was captured by the British. From them it was taken by the French under Admiral Suffrein, who restored it to the Dutch; but it was retaken by the British in 1795, and has ever since remained in their possession. Long. 81. 23.E. Lat. 8. 31. N.
TRING, a market-town of England, in the hundred of Dacorum and county of Hertford, thirty-one miles from London. It is a neatly built place, with some good houses. The church is a fine venerable Gothic structure, with a square tower; and in the chancel are some very fine monuments. It has also an endowed charity-school. There is a well-supplied market on Friday. This town is on the great road to Buckingham, and is in contact with the Grand Junction Canal, and with the London and Birmingham railroad, which last has a station here for taking up and setting down passengers. From this arrangement a great increase is anticipated, both in houses and inhabitants. The inhabitants amounted in 1811 to 1847, in 1821 to 3286. and in 1831 to 3488
TRINGANG, a Malay town and principality on the east side of the peninsula of Malacca, between the fifth and sixth degrees of north latitude. It carries on a considerable traffic. The imports are opium, iron, steel, Bengal piecegoods, blue and other cloths, with coarse cutlery. The commodities received in return are gold-dust, pepper, and tin, the last article being imported in Malay and Buggess prows.
TRINIDAD, the largest of the windward West India Islands, is separated from the province of Venezuela by the Gulf of Paria, and at one point is not more than twenty miles from the American continent. It is situated between 10° and 11° north latitude, and 61° and 62° west longitude. The island is nearly square, being generally about fifty miles long by thirty broad; but from the furthest point (Hicacos) on the south-west to the furthest point on the north-west (Point Galera), it reaches to above ninety miles, and contains an area of 2020 square miles. lt was discovered by Columbus on the 31st July 1498, and taken possession of by the Spaniards in 1588. Sir Walter Raleigh visited it in 1595, and committed some outrages in the capital. In 1797 it was captured by Sir Ralph Abercromby, and has remained a British settlement ever since. The richness of its soil, the luxuriance of its vegetation, its finely wooded hills, beautiful rivers, and magnificent landscapes, have distinguished Trinidad as the Indian Paradise. This island is evidently a section of the opposite continent, disjoined either by a volcanic or oceanic eruption. The same strata of earth, the same rocks and fossils, are common to both. Besides several craters and volcanoes in the island, there are two submarine volcanoes, one south of Cape de la Brea, and the other in the Bay of Meyaro. But the most remarkable phenomenon in the island is the asphaltum or pitch lake, situated on a small peninsula, and occupying the highest part of the point of land. It is nearly circular, and more than a mile and a half in length. It is remarkable for the extraordinary mutability of its surface; the small islet of the evening being often found a gulf in the morning, and this again is succeeded by another islet, adorned with the most luxuriant vegetation. The usual appearance and consistence of the asphaltum is that of pit-coal, but of a grayish colour, melting like sealing-wax, and in hot weather it is actually liquid an inch deep. It is rendered ductile by a gentle heat, and when mixed with grease or pitch, acquires fluidity. The highest mountain-range is on the north, near the coast, some parts of which reach an elevation of nearly 3000 feet. There are also chains of hills, but of [7:21:387]less elevation, in the centre and on the south coast. They all run from east to west. The island has the advantage of numerous streams, some of them navigable by small vessels. The exports amounted in 1832 to L.235,657, of which L.220,168 was for sugar and molasses. The imports for the same period amounted to L.229,697. Port of Spain, the capital, contains a population of 9869, of whom 1489 are whites. The population of the island in 1832 consisted of, whites, 3683; free blacks, 16,302; slaves, 20,265; total, 46,250. In the island there are eight free schools with 373 scholars, and twenty-two private schools with 412 scholars.
TRINITARIANS, those who believe in the Trinity; those who do not believe therein being called Anti-trinitarians.
TRINITY, in Theology, the ineffable mystery of three persons in one Godhead; the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.

Trinity-Sunday, a festival observed on the Sunday next after Whitsunday, in honour of the holy Trinity. The observation of this festival was first enjoined in the council of Arles, in the year 1260.

T rinity Bay, a deep bay on the north-east coast of New Holland, between Cape Grafton and Cape Tribulation.

Τrinity Island, an island in the North Pacific Ocean, discovered by Captain Cook. The east point is in long. 206. 47. E. and lat. 56. 33. N.
TRINO, a city of Italy, in the province of Vercelli and kingdom of Sardinia. It is situated on the river Astura, at the point where it falls into the Po. It is a well-built place, and is divided into two parts by a long and fine street, with elegant arcades on both sides, and a canal in the middle. It has a cathedral, four monasteries, five nunneries, with each a church. Trino contains 6200 inhabitants. It has a great trade in cattle and in smoke-dried hams, which are in high repute through the whole of Italy. It was once fortified, hut the defences have been neglected. Long. 18. 8. E. Lat. 45. 8. N.
TRINOBANTES, an ancient people of Britain, supposed to have occupied Middlesex and Essex.
TRINOMALEE, a town and fortress of the south of India, in the Carnatic. During the wars of the last century, this place was often taken and retaken by the contending parties. Among the natives it was always more famous for its sanctity than its strength. Its situation is on a mountain, on the top of which is a Hindu temple, from which it is believed that a subterranean fire will issue, to destroy any profane intruder. In its vicinity the British defeated the combined armies of the nizam and Hyder Aly. Trinomalee is thirty miles south-south-west from Chittapet, and thirty west from Gingee. Long. 79. 10. E. Lat. 12. 16. N.
TRIO, or Terzetto, in Music, a composition for three voices or for three instruments. Among the most striking instrumental trios are those by Mozart and Beethoven for violin, viola, and violoncello, and for pianoforte, violin, and violoncello, &c. The term trio is also applied to a movement in ¾th time, which often follows the minuet in a piece of instrumental music.
TRIPATOOR, a town of Hindustan, in the Southern Carnatic, fifty-eight miles south-south-west from Tanjore. Long. 78. 40. E. Lat. 10. 10. N. This is also the name of a large open village in the Barramahal province, 120 miles south-west from Madras. Long. 78. 42. E. Lat. 12. 32. N.
TRIPETTY, a town in the south of India, province of the Carnatic, containing a celebrated Hindu temple, to which many thousand pilgrims annually resort. Long. 79. 33. E. Lat. 13. 31. N.
TRIPHTHONG, in Grammar, an assemblage or concourse of three vowels in one syllable, as quae.
TRIPLE Time, in Music. See Music .
TRIPOD, in Antiquity, a famed sacred seat or stool, supported by three feet, on which the priests and sibyls were placed to render oracles. It was on the tripod that the gods were said to inspire the Pythias with that divine fury and enthusiasm with which they were seized at the delivery of their predictions.
TRIPOLI, a country of Africa, in Barbary, bounded on the north by the Mediterranean Sea, on the south by the country of the Beriberies, on the west by the kingdom of Tunis and Biledulgerid, and on the east by Egypt. It is about 925 miles along the sea-coast, but the breadth is various. Some parts of it are pretty fruitful, but that towards Egypt is a sandy desert. It had the title of a kingdom, but is governed by a dey. Early in the last century Tripoli shook off its dependence on the Grand Turk. In other respects the government is not essentially changed; it is still a military despotism of the most ferocious description. Its piracies are now confined to Naples, Sardinia, and other states which have no efficient navy. See Barbary States.

Tn∣Poι.I, the capital of the state of the same name in Barbary, is a considerable town, with a castle and a fort. See Barbary States.
TRIPOLI, called Tripolis of Syria, to distinguish it from Tripoli in Barbary, received its name from its being anciently formed of three cities at a small distance from each other, one of which belonged to the A radians, or ancient kingdom of Arad, the second to the Sidonians, and the third to the Tyrians, perhaps as a common mart to those maritime powers. The present town of Tripoli is built at the distance of a mile and a half from the other, upon the declivity of a hill facing the sea, in longitude 35. 59. east from Greenwich, and latitude 34. 20. north.
TRIPOLIZZA, a town of Greece, the capital of a canton of its name, as well as, under the Turkish government, of the province of the Morea. It stands in an undulated valley at the foot of Maenalus, and, according to tradition, was built from the ruins of three neighbouring towns. It is about twenty-two miles south-west from Argos, and thirty north-west from the ruins of Sparta. Before the revolution, it was a tolerably well-built place, surrounded with walls, had a citadel, four large mosques, and six Greek churches, with 12,000 inhabitants. In the contest which led to the abandonment of the Morea by the Turks, this place was the theatre of bloody events. In 1821 it was occupied by the Turks and Mahommedan Albanians, when it was besieged from August to October by the Greek leader Colocotroni. The Albanians entered into a secret treaty with the Greek commander; and on the 5th of October, at an early hour, the besiegers made an assault, favoured as they were by the traitors in the garrison. The battle raged during the whole day, the Turks defending, from house to house, their positions with great firmness, till fires were kindled in several parts; and the Greeks, being fully masters, put to death the Turks, without distinction of age or sex, to the number of more than 6000 individuals. The plunder of this city was one of the means by which the Greeks were enabled to carry on the war, and to make themselves masters of the Peloponnesus. As Ibrahim Pacha with his Egyptian forces was in possession of Navarino in 1825, he also took possession of Tripolizza, and when he abandoned the Morea, he left this town a heap of ruins. The country around it is fertile; and if a good government should be established in the country, Tripolizza may yet revive, and become a flourishing city.
TRIPONTARY, a town of Hindustan, in the territories of Cochin, ten miles from the port of Cochin. Long. 76. 20. E. Lat. 9. 57. N.
TRIPOSSOOR, a town of Hindustan, in the Carnatic, thirty miles west by north from Madras. It was taken by Hyder in 1780, and was retaken in 1781 by the British. Long. 78. 57. E. Lat. 13. 9. N.
TRIREMIS, in Antiquity, a galley with three ranks of oars on a side.
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TRISMEGISTUS, an epithet or surname given to one of the two Henneses.
TRISYLLABLE, in Grammar, a word consisting of three syllables.
TRITANY, a town of Southern India, in the Carnatic, fortv-five miles west by north from Madras. Long. 79.45. E. Lat. 13. 9. N.
TRITON, a sea-demigod, held by the ancients to be an officer or trumpeter of Neptune, attending on him, and carrying his orders from sea to sea.
TRITONE, in Music. a major fourth, such as from F to B.
TRITURATION, the act of reducing a solid body into a subtile powder; called also pulverisation and levigation.
TRIUMPH, a public and solemn honour conferred by the ancient Romans on a victorious general, by allowing him a magnificent entry into the city. The greater triumph, called also curulis, or simply the triumph, was decreed by the senate to a general, upon the conquering of a province, or gaining a signal victory. The day appointed for the ceremony being arrived, scaffolds were erected in the forum and circus, and all the other parts of the city where they could best behold the pomp. The senate went to meet the conqueror without the gate called Capena or Triumphalis, and marched back in order to the Capitol; the ways being cleared and cleansed by a number of officers and tipstaffs, who drove away such as thronged the passage or straggled up and down. The general was clad in a rich purple robe, interwoven with figures of gold, setting forth his great exploits; his buskins were set with pearl; and he wore a crown, which at first was only laurel, but afterwards gold; in one hand he bore a branch of laurel, and in the other a truncheon. He was carried in a magnificent chariot, adorned with ivory and plates of gold, drawn usually by two white horses; though sometimes by other animals, as that of Pompey, when he triumphed over Africa, by elephants, that of Mark Antony by lions, that of Heliogabalus by tigers, that of Aurelian by deer. His children were at his feet, and sometimes on the chariot horses. The procession was led by the musicians, who played triumphal pieces in praise of the general. These were followed by young men, who led the victims to the sacrifice, with their horns gilded, and their heads adorned with ribbands and garlands. Next came the carts and waggons, loaded with all the spoils taken from the enemy, together with their horses, chariots, &c. These were followed by the kings, princes, and generals, who had been taken captives, loaded with chains. Next appeared the triumphal chariot, before which, as it passed, they all along strewed flowers, and the people with loud acclamations called out Io triumphe! the chariot was followed by the senate, clad in white robes, and the senate by such citizens as had been set at liberty or ransomed; and the procession was closed by the priests and their officers and utensils, with a white ox led along for the chief victim. In this order they proceeded through the triumphal gate, along the Via Sacra, to the Capitol, where the victims were slain. In the mean time all the temples were open, and all the altars loaded with offerings and incense; games and combats were celebrated in the public places, and the city became a scene of general festivity. The less splendid form of a triumph was called an Ovation; a term supposed to have been derived from ovis, because on such an occasion sheep, and not oxen, were usually sacrificed. The procession commonly began at the Albanian Mount, from whence the general with his retinue made his entry into the city. He walked on foot, wearing a garland of myrtle, and was attended by a band of music.
TRIUMVIR, one of three persons who govern absolutely, and with equal authority, in a state. It is chiefly applied to the Roman government. Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus, were the first triumvirs, who divided the government among them. There were also other officers so called; as the triumviri or tresviri capitales, who were the keepers of the public gaol. They had the office of punishing malefactors, for which purpose they employed eight lictors.
TRIVADY, a town of Southern India, in the province of the Carnatic, containing a large temple, which serves as a citadel. Long. 79. 45. E. Lat. 11. 42. N.
TRIVALENOOR, a town of Southern India, in the Carnatic, thirty-five miles west by south from Pondicherry. Long. 79.30. E. Lat. 11. 51. N.
TRIVANDAPATAM, a town of Hindustan, in the province of Travancore, sixty miles north-west from Cape Comorin. Long. 76. 65. E. Lat. 8. 27. N.
TRIVATOOR, a town of Southern India, in the Carnatic, sixty miles south-west from Madras. Long. 79. 40. E. Lat. 12. 38. N.
TRIVICARY, a village of Southern India, in the Carnatic, situated on the north bank of the Villenoor river, about fifteen miles west by north from Pondicherry. This was once a place of much greater extent, but is now greatly decayed.
TRIVIDY, a town of Southern India, in the Carnatic, twenty-four miles south-west from Pondicherry. Long. 79. 40. E. Lat. 11. 44. N.
TROAS, a country of Phrygh, in Asia Minor, of which Troy was the capital. When Troas is taken for the whole kingdom of Priam, it may be said to contain Mysia and Phrygia Minor; but if it is taken for that part of the country where Troy was situated, its extent is confined within very narrow limits. Troas was anciently called Dardania.
TROBRIAND Islands, a cluster forming part of the archipelago of Louisiade, discovered by D’Entrecasteaux. The most northern point is in long. 151. 8. E. lat. 8. 24. S.
TROCHAEUS, in Prosody, a foot consisting of a long and a short syllable.
TROCTOU, a small island in the Eastern Seas, near the coast of Queda. Long. 99. 33. E. Lat. 6. 30. N.
TROGLODYTES, an ancient people of’ Ethiopia, who are said to have lived in caves under ground. Pomponius Mela gives a strange account of the Troglodytes. He affirm* that they did not so properly speak, as shriek; and that they lived on serpents.
TROGUS Pompeius, a Latin universal historian to the time of Augustus Caesar, of w hom we have only an abridgement by Justin, flourished about 41 b c .
TROITSK, a town of Asiatic Russia, in the government of Orenburg. It is tolerably well built, having straight and regular streets, and contains about 500 houses. It has wooden fortifications, which form a square, and which are flanked with towers, and encompassed by a ditch and glacis. It is a commercial place, being an emporium for the trade with the Asiatic tribes. The trade is carried on in the exchange, a large square, built on the opposite side of the river Oui or Ouk, which flows by the city. Long. 55. 30. E. Lat. 54. 15. N. This is also the name of another town of Asiatic Russia, situated about ninety miles to the west of the former, and containing 3000 inhabitants, who are mostly engaged in cultivation.
TROITSKÖ Sauskaia, a fortress of Asiatic Russia, situated near the Chinese frontier, on the Kiachta, where is fixed the court for managing the discussions that arise with the Chinese. Troitsko is 345 miles south of Irkoutsk.
TROLLHATTEN, a town of Sweden, in the department of Elfsborg and province of East Gothland. It is peculiarly situated on the river Gothelf or Gothelbe, which flows from the lake of Werner, and falls into the sea near Gottenburg, and here forms a very great cataract, or rather a succession of cascades. Before the stream reaches this spot, it is compressed, by the narrow passage it has [7:21:389]forced through the rocks, into a state not unlike that in which water rushes from a pipe, and thus has a surprising velocity. It fulls by four cascades about 100 feet; and as the lower of these cascades slopes at the bottom, the whole rushes down with such impetuosity that the noise which it makes is heard at the distance of twelve miles. As the shores of this lake produce vast quantities of iron and of timber, which would become of increased value if the falls could be avoided, the government was induced to construct a canal, which was begun in 1793 and completed in 1800, at a great expense for so poor a country. This canal is a prodigious work, and though scarcely more than two English miles in length, has nine locks, by which vessels descend more than 100 feet. Each of these locks is twenty-two feet long and seven feet wide. More than 3000 vessels passed it in one year, paying tolls, which produce a good return for the money expended. A project is now in progress which will make this canal still more beneficial. Canals are forming to unite the lake of Werner with the Heilmar and Maler Lakes, by which, when accomplished, vessels will be enabled to pass from Stockholm to Gottenburg, across the kingdom, and thus avoid the passage of the sound and the Danish tolls. Trollhatten was only a village when the works began, but is now an increasing town, and has several iron-works, whose machinery is set in motion by the falls. It likewise has some considerable establishments for building ships.
TROMBONE. See Music.
TROMP, Martin Happertz Vax, a celebrated Dutch admiral, was born at the Baille, in Holland. He raised himself by his merit, after having distinguished himself on many occasions, especially at the famous engagement near Gibraltar in 1607. He passed for one of the greatest seamen who till that time bad appeared in the world; and was declared admiral of Holland, even by the advice of the prince of Orange. In that character he defeated a large Spanish fleet in 1630, and gained thirty-two other victories at sea; but was killed when under deck, in an engagement with the English, in 1653.
TRON, St, a city of the Netherlands, in the province of Limburg and arrondissement of Hasselt. It is situated on the river Mecselbeek, and on the road from Liege to Brussels. It contains 7300 inhabitants, who are employed in making fire-arms, swords, and cutlery; and the females make some thread-lace. St Tron is celebrated for a battle fought there in 1793, in which the French were defeated by the Austrians. Long. 6. 9. E. Lat. 50. 45. N.
TRONAGE, an ancient customary duty or toll, for the weighing of wool. According to Fleta, trona is a beam to weigh with, mentioned in the stat. Westm. 2, cap. 25. And tronage was used for the weighing of wool in a staple or public mart, by a common trona or beam; which, for the tronage of wool in London, was fixed at Leadenhall. The mayor and commonalty of London were ordained keepers of the beams and weights for weighing merchants’ commodities, with power to assign clerks and porters, &c. of the great beam and balance; which weighing of goods and wares is called tronage; and on pain of forfeiture, no stranger was to buy any goods in London before they were weighed at the king’s beam.
TROON, a thriving town in Ayrshire, with an excellent natural harbour, having nineteen feet of water at the lowest ebb. In 1831 the population amounted to about 1000 persons. See Ayrshire.