Social Organizations and Developments of the Community: a Case Study of the Community of Tambon Nakha, Amphoe Wapipathum, Mahasarakham Province	Three  major  purposes  of  this  study  were:  1) to  examine  developments  of  various  organizations  with  working  roles  in  community  characteristics,  2) to  investigate  factors  and  conditions  that  strengthened  different  organizations  in  the  community  and  had  being  community  characteristics,  and  3) to  examine  formations  and  developments  of  being  community.  The  study  was  conducted  according  to  the  conceptual  frameworks  which  were  factors  and  conditions  strengthening  different  social  organizations  or  having  being  community  characteristics.  These  included:  (1) opportunities  and  stages  which  were  placed  to  meet  and  exchange  learning  with  one  another  as  well  as  forming  groups,  (2) the  process  of  learning  and  decision – making  in  working  together  among  different  sectors, (3) leadership  styles  and  leadership  in  the  community,  (4) equipment  or  communication  techniques,  (5) feelings  and  thoughts  of  the  people,  especially  the  system  of  ideas  in  self - dependence  and  participation,  (6) activities  for  working  together  and  relationships  between  people  in  the  community  and  various  institutions  in  the  community,  and  (7) unity  and  cooperation  among  different  social  organizations  in  these  groups.	The  study  revealed  the  following.  Group  activities  that  occurred  before  1984,  as  promoted  and  urged  by  both  state  and  private  sectors,  were  in  these  aspects:  development  of  quality  of  life,  public  health,  social  welfare,  funds,  women,  youths,  careers,  community  shops,  and  rice  banks.  After  1984,  there  were  these  groups:  public  utilities,  welfare,  funds,  savings,  credit  unions,  community  rice  mills,  Bun  Khao  Chi  Merit – making  culture,  cattle  bank,  and  silk – cloth  weaving.  These  groups  were  established  by  state,  private  and  community  sectors.  Most  activity  characteristics  were  in  the  self – dependence  from  while  the  state  sector  support  partly.  However  some  groups  were  dependent  upon  the  state  sectors  such  as  village  funds.  The  private  sector  promoted  such  activities  as  cattle  banks  during  1998 – 1999  by  the  Thai  Farmers’  Foundation,  community  rice  mills,  silk – cloth  weaving  and  paper  sandalwood  flowers  groups,  and  centers  for  preschool  child  development  in  the  monastery  from  Wang  Chan  community  by  the  office  of  fund  for  community.  The  process  of  learning  and  decision -  making  included:  learning  together  within  the  group,  high  compromises,  kinship  interactions  among  persons  and  the  same  career,  and  being  dependent  on  one  another  in  the  village  and  the  community.  However,  in  width,  there  were  traditional  activities  of  Bun  Khao  Chi  merit – making  (by  offering  baked  glutinous  rice  to  monks)  and  social  funds  such  as  the  cattle  band  of  the  Lomkhom  Group  which  could  cover  all  the  tambon  (sub – district).  Youth  sports  between  these  groups  and  the  tambon  administrative  organization  could  be  found  in  the  Bun  Khao  Chi  activity.  It  appeared  that  the  tambon  administrative  organization  supported  groups  with  budgets.  In  local  politics,  it  was  in  the  kinship  type  as  a  whole  by  having  high  public  sense  together,  having  dividends  of  benefits  for  the  public  at  both  tambon  level,  i.e.  group  activities  and  the  Bun  Khao  Chi  merit – making,  and  at  the  community  group  level  which  included  saving  groups,  shops,  community  rice  mills  of  Wang  Chan  community  which  could  give  services  to  the  community,  villages  in  and  outside  the  tambon.