plueme/wizJson huggingface dataset:
Iodine deficiency has several effects on health, particularly concerning brain development in the
fetus and in early childhood. With regard to the past few decades, the situation was mitigated when considering the total goiter rate in children. A mild deficiency produced no obvious physical effect, but
did impair mental function. In this regard, the northern and northeastern regions comprised the highest
risk areas. This descriptive study was aimed at reviewing the iodine status of populations in Chiang Mai,
Lamphun, Lampang, and Mae Hong Son by analyzing secondary data during Fiscal Years 2007-2009 and
was framed under the WHO manual entitled “Assessment of Iodine Deficiency Disorders and Monitoring
Their Elimination.”
It was found that a proportion of the households using adequately iodized salt was progressively
over 90 percent in every province except Mae Hong Son. Thyroid function was assessed by screening
TSH levels in newborns that were over 11.2 mu/L; in Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Lampang, Mae Hong Son
the levels were 12.73, 7.84, 10.29, and 15.83 percent, respectively, and the incidences of thyroid hormone
deficiency were 1:2,297, 1:1,665, 1:2,468, 1:3,058 respectively. The total goiter rate was below 5 percent in
every province. The level of iodine in urine in pregnancy in Mae Hong Son was equally insufficient at
50.89 percent; in primary school pupils in Lamphun it was 52.38 percent, that is, equally more than adequate.
In conclusion, four provinces indicated mild iodine deficiency areas, but their situation had gotten
better. Iodine deficiency prevention requires more attention from policymakers. Proper development of
intellectual quotients by adequate iodine intake should be designated as one of the national strategies on
childhood capacity-building. Correct knowledge-building on the benefits of proper iodine intake should
be encouraged. Salt producers need to show social responsibility as well; legal measures are necessary, if
they do not do so.
This study involved qualitative research aimed at exploring a social movement for changing the
local tradition regarding alcohol consumption in the community. Its goal was to identify the community
capital which facilitated the social movement in order to illustrate the process of social movement and its impacts on the alcohol consumption behaviors in the community. The research setting was Ban Khokyai,
Namphong District, Khon Kaen Province. It was a qualitative research study, the main data for which
were collected from in-depth interviews, participation observation and document review.
Alcohol consumption, which formerly had been considered as a norm in the community, changed
over time in accord with changing community power and capital. Violence among youths who drank and
got out of control evoked a reaction in the community. A civic group was formed in the name of “So-Le.”
Its leader was a respected monk who possessed three dimensions of capital: (1) cultural capital – the belief
and the faith of the people in Buddhist monks, (2) social capital – his good relationships with the village
head and the School principal, and (3) moral capital – his virtue and kindness. However, the success in
controlling alcohol consumption in the temple was just the first step of the movement. It needed further
strong support to struggle against the resistance of a community group.
The investigator suggests that the social movement for solving alcohol-related behaviors, which was
deeply ingrained in the lifestyle and culture of the people, required actors who possess such capital and
the support of the community to empower them as health promoters.
The objective of this qualitative research was to investigate and compile knowledge of Thai traditional
medicine for postpartum care in Amnat Charoen, a province in the northeastern part of Thailand.
Data collection was done through individual and group interviews of folk doctors, including herb doctors,
midwives, shamans, traditional massage therapists (n=43) and healthcare professionals from all hospitals
(n=7), along with on-site observations. The study was undertaken between May 2009 and April 2010.
It was evident that inherited traditional medicine/folk medicine regarding midwifery and postpartum
care has long been practiced in the area of Amnat Charoen up to the present. The knowledge and
wisdom in this particular area have passed from generation to generation, i.e. from ancestors to younger
family members, via story telling, traditional practice, and a mentor system. In the past, labor in childbhirth
was typically assisted by a traditional midwife. Several postpartum care regimens would then be employed
after childbirth, e.g. yu-gum or yu-fai (body warming using heat/fire), herbal bathing, along with
many religious rites. Various medicinal plants, either of single or multiple formulas, have been used for
mothers for the purposes of body cleansing, evacuation of amniotic fluid from the uterus, and stimulation
of lactation. In addition, some plants are used as blood tonics or laxatives for nursing mothers. A number
of herbs have already been investigated for their chemical constituents and related pharmacologic
actions; however, some have not yet been studied, thus their activities remain unknown or questionable.
It was found that folk medicine/traditional medicine has been integrated harmoniously with modern
medicine in the current practice of postpartum care in government hospitals in Amnat Charoen. It was
also quite apparent that the government policy regarding Thai traditional medicine has played a major
role in expanding both the number and quality of traditional health services available at every level of
health care.
Policy-linked research is related to the country’s problems and concerns. The purpose of this study
is to evaluate the missing knowledge in tobacco control in Thailand and to examine the significant research
questions needed for tobacco-control policy. Two methods, namely framework of analysis and documentary research, were employed to evaluate the scope of needed research, the method of comparison
to the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), by selecting equivalent topics related to
Thai society. The next step was collecting previous research evidence, such as research reports and meeting
papers. Those collected documents were evaluated to identify knowledge gaps, using a focus group
discussion in order to bring forward specific research questions.
Seven main areas for tobacco control were identified as relevant to the current tobacco-control situation
in Thailand and that needed to advance more evidence: (1) the surveillance system of tobacco consumption
and tobacco industry, (2) tobacco-control tax measures and trade agreements, (3) an alternative
model of services for smoking cessation, (4) control of various tobacco products, (5) communication for
effecting behavior and social changess, (6) situation concerning “roll-your-own” cigarettes, and (7) evaluation
of the effectiveness of the tobacco-control measures.
This analysis suggested that research prioritization for tobacco-control research could use the WHO
FCTC as a framework of analysis. The selected components could be adjusted for country-specific application
which should guide effective investments in specific tobacco research in order to solve the country’s
problems in this regard.
Health technology assessment is an important tool for policy decision makers to allocate health
resources efficiently. Though accessibility and knowledge in health technology assessment are barriers
for research utilization, a health technology assessment database has been developed in Thailand to retrieve
related research and disseminate it to targeted users. Its development was divided into three phases:
(1) development of database structure based on the focus group method with decision makers, health
practitioners, and academics/researchers, (2) searching and recording research in the database, and (3)
disseminating and evaluatiing database use. The database was available online at www.db.hitap.net
starting in January 2008. The results revealed that the database included 471 full economic evaluation
studies, 155 randomized controlled trial studies, and 106 quality of life studies. Evaluation of database
use in January 2009 showed that the majority of users are most satisfied with the up-to-date articles, the
usefulness of the database, and the database services that meet their expectations. However, the variety of
research articles should be determined in order to meet the users’ needs in the future.
Background and Rationale
There are association between the concentration of air pollutions and morbidities and
mortalities of cardio-pulmonary and vascular diseases from acute and chronic exposure. In Chana
district, Songkla. There are many constructions and many types of business such as the power
plants and the gas separation plants. From the factories’ reports, the concentration of air
continuous monitoring pollutions are below the standard limits but there is no survey to study the
association between the concentration of air pollutions and the symptoms in this population.
Objectives
To study the association between the concentration of air pollutions and the symptoms in
Baan-Kuan-Hua-Chang’s population
Methodology
Time series were performed in 319 subjects (everyone who stays in this region, age more
than 10 years old) in 9 July – 22 August 2009 for 44 days. Exposures are the concentrations of the
air pollutions, there are PM10, NO2, SO2, CO and O3, measuring by the mobile unit and the
concentrations were analyzed with standard methods. Outcomes are 18 symptoms in 5 systems,
there are skin, chest, cardio, neuro, opthamo systems, measuring by self administrative
questionnaires. The other confounders were included in the questionnaires such as smoking,
personal histories. This study also monitored and recorded the meteorological data such as humidity, temperature, wind speed. The Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) were performed
using R 2.10.1 with Epicalc, NLME packages.
The results
319 subjects were analyzed, 114 male(45.14%). The average of age is 40.45 ± 18.12
years old. There are 10.03% of hypertension in the subjects and 9.4% of allergic disease. 54.55%
of the subjects is rubber tapping. 24.76% of the subjects still smoking (5.99+ 5.39 pack-year) and
54.23 % of the subjects are secondary smoker. There are some associations between the air
pollutions and symptoms after adjusting the meteorological data, personal data. Such as nausea
and vomiting and dizziness is positive association with NO2lag1, cough and rhinorhea is positive
association with O3lag5, eye irritation is positive association with O3lag6, headache is positive
association with O3lag7 , hoarseness is positive association with SO2lag4.
Conclusion
After adjusting the meteorological data, personal data, There are some associations
between the air pollutions and symptoms although the exposure are low concentration in this area.
Caution
This study did not aim to identify which is the source of the pollutions.
Unrest affecting the health system in the area. Therefore, education and development. But the lack of synthesis and adoption benefits. This study was to synthesize findings about the health status. Public health sector management. Public Health and recommendations from research on 103 projects and project 10 project, projects from the year 2547-2551 by the synthesis of quality found that people with little stress to normal Stress management using positive thinking. Talk to your family. Religious principles is dependable. Young families that are affected will have aggressive behavior. For other activities to relieve stress. Widow and loss of mental health and social problems was high. The problems faced by the doctrine But the inability of leadership roles in family. Public Health System-wide emergency medical services and referral. And the remedy is clear, but people are unsure of work The problems  does not cover the public relations people have less access to services. Recommendations from the research project and present the application of research to practice. And in-depth study or research in other samples. Most research is basic research should develop research and evaluation research. To solve the health sector management and public health service public. Should be educated in all groups of health personnel disabled youth to prepare a database builds knowledge.
This is a translated and edited version of chapter VI (pp. 132-158) of the book by Frances E. Anderson,
entitled Art-centered Education and Therapy for Children with Disabilities, published in 1944 by Charles C.
Thomas Publisher, Springfield, Illinois. Introduced in this chapter are art-based creative activities called
language arts, which include visual vocabulary activities (reading aloud), writing activities, puppet plays,
and poetry. In practice, it is of the same fashion in expressing mentality as symbolic expressions in
drawings in individuals that would not or could not reveal themselves in verbal communication.
Of note, the art-based creative activities presented in this paper will be just the beginning – a jum
ping- off place – for the creative teacher. Teaching children with special needs is a constant challenge. These
children need more practice than other children in learning skills and concepts. There is no reason to make
practice a dull, boring drill when there are so many alternative ways to learn. For some reason, educators
seem to believe that the brightest, most competent learners should be afforded the most creative teaching.
On the contrary, if every child with special needs were taught with the same energy and creativity as a
gifted child we might see far more enthusiastic, energetic progress in them. There is no excuse for boring
any learner of any age with dull, uninspired teaching. Special children need special teaching far more than
any others because they have so much farther to go. “Art-based academic learning can make the journey a
joyful experience.”... F.E. Anderson.
Health policy and systems research (HPSR) is crucial for strengthening health systems. In cases
where resources are limited, research topic prioritization is an important process to ensure the effective
use of available resources and to help identify research topics that are relevant and also address stakeholders’
concerns. In foreseeing the benefits of introducing a prioritization process, the Health Systems
Research Institute (HSRI) and its affiliates organized the HPSR topic prioritization seminar 2010, which
was aimed at preparing a list of national prioritized research topics, in the hope that the list will be used to
support policy decisions in Thailand.
This is a research and development study which employed participatory observation, brainstorming,
and questionnaire surveys. A total of 247 organizations were identified as stakeholders, 90 of
which participated in the prioritization process. At the beginning of the process, 120 HPSR topics were
proposed by 66 organizations. Of these topics, 15 were prioritized. It was found that topics that are related
to (a) disease with a high burden and (b) service delivery are likely to be included in a priority list. In
addition, results from a self-administered survey demonstrated that 93 per cent of the stakeholders strongly
supported the process and expressed their interest in participating in similar events if conducted in the
future.
The purpose of this study was to explore the quality of working life among workers in Ban Meng
subdistrict. This included career initiation, finding jobs to work at home, the working environment, and
coping with health and other problems concerning informal working conditions. The main data of this
qualitative research were collected from a community survey, observation, interviews, and in-depth interviews.The study revealed the local value placed on the sewing vocation, which had been transmitted to
people in the community from previous generations. The condition of employment, which was influenced
by their economic situation, competition in production supply, and external trading, had strong
impacts on the vocational security of the workers in the context of exploitation, negotiation, and resistance
regarding employment. These impacts included health and social problems resulting from bad working
conditions and environment, as well as improper health behaviors. The study also found that the
family, the community, and working network were the most important parties that participated in the
health care of the workers.
This study recommends a model of quality-of-life improvement among the workers in the community.
This will be accomplished through group creation, strengthening the capacity of local organizations,
community, and other agencies in order to gain skills in management regarding career, health, and social
welfare suitable for each situation and necessity.
This descriptive research was conducted to determine the prevalence of renal impairment and drug
use in gout patients treated at Nongjik Hospital, Pattani Province. The methodologies included a review
of the medical records of 122 patients in the period from October 2008 to December 2009; estimated glomerular
filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated by the MDRD equation. Data analysis provided the frequency,
percentage, mean and standard deviation. Chi-square test was applied to compare between proportions
and multiple logistic regression was used to determine associations between the prevalence of eGFR < 60
ml/min/1.73 m2.
The majority of patients were male, with their average age being 64 years. Most patients had comorbid
diseases. Medications used were concurrent allopurinol and colchicine. A significant proportion
of patients had chronic kidney disease stage 4 and 5 which was treated with colchicine without dose
adjustment. Of the total, 58.2 per cent of the patients exhibited eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m2 and 81.7 per
cent of them showed hypertension. Age was the only significant factor associated with eGFR < 60 ml/
min/1.73 m2 as revealed by multiple logistic regression analysis.
Based on the experience obtained in this study, renal function testing for gout patients is important
for early detection of renal impairment; the finding would also be useful for dose adjustment of the drugs
prescribed, based on which end stage renal disease may be prevented or slowed down.
In Thailand, legislation which concerns health promotion ranges from the National Health Act
(B.E.2550), and the Supporting Fund for Health Promotion Act (B.E.2544) to the most important of all, the
Thai Constitution, B.E. 2550. The constitution guarantees the rights of individuals on this issue as follows:
(a) the right to public health and welfare services; (b) the right to access information on certain activities
and/or programs which may affect their environment, health and quality of life; and (c) the right to be
protected from environmental health hazards. Furthermore, the Constitution also states that health policies
must emphasize health promotion, which would lead to sustainable health of the population, and
that local government should be given the responsibility and authority in the management and provision
of public services for the local people. Even though other related laws which concern the roles of local
government in public health service provision may not have included health promotion as one of the
responsibilities of local government, the responsibilities of local governments could be extended. Legislation
such as the Public Health Act (B.E.2535) and the Tambon Council and Tambon Administrative Organization
Act (B.E.2537) has given power to the ministers in charge to allocate extra responsibility to local
government as allowed by those laws. The latter especially has given the tambon administrative organization
the role of managing basic environmental control services. This is relevant to the function of health
promotion. The Second Action Plan and Protocol for Decentralization to Local Government clearly states
that health promotion responsibility, along with basic health services and disease control, are to be the
responsibilities of the local government, with a certain level of “readiness.” These will be transferred
together with funding, the existing staff and infrastructure (health centers). However, as local government
needs to undergo assessment and other processes in the devolution of health centers, there is a need
for specifying the roles of local government in health promotion in order to clarify the issue and to make
the roles conform to Thailand’s health promotion strategy.
The purpose of this qualitative research study was to explore the incidence of repeated violence and
patterns of resistance. The main data were collected from in-depth interviews, participatory observation
and a document review. The research questions were: (a) what is the context of the cultural and power
relationships in which the repeated violence exists, and (b) how is the meaning of the experience and the
suffering of the abused the fault of the community?
It was found that the process of repetitious violence in the family caused resistance to social norms,
but it was the only way that the individual could have reacted in view of the power structure.
The findings reveal the patterns of resistance that occurred under the terms of the context of violence
that went against the social norms; it might be the only way that the individual could have reacted under
such conditions.