plueme/wizJson huggingface dataset:
Regular and proper exercise behavior was part of a method to control blood sugar levels in type-2 diabetic patients. This research was aimed at studying the exercise behavior of type-2 diabetic patients residing in urban communities as well as studying the effect of exercise on their health condition and diabetic complications. Volunteers in this project included type-2 diabetic patients who had received medical treatment from BMA Health Service Center 12 from February to June 2006. All the volunteers first completed the personal questionnaire form and exercise behavior questionnaire form, and underwent blood testing, anthropometric measurements, and diabetic complications check-up. The study found that 75 of 203 volunteers (or 36.9%) had regular exercise behavior; while 128 of 203 volunteers (or 63.1%) refrained from performing regular exercise; however, only 42 of the 75 volunteers in the regular-exercise group were within the standard criteria for regular exercisers. The regular exercise group had lower fasting blood sugar and triglyceride levels than those of the non-exercise group, with the statistical significance being (p < 0.05), and tended to have a lower proportion of occurrences of diabetic complications than those in the non-exercise group. The result of this study indicates that diabetes patients residing in urban communities had a lower level of regular and proper exercise behavior. To solve this problem, the body of knowledge on proper exercise and patterns of exercise behavior modification must be taken into consideration.
The objectives of this study encompassed three elements to study: (1) the financial resources of the
Health Systems Research Institute (HSRI); (2) the budgetary allocation of HSRI; and (3) the relationship
between budget allocation and outcomes of HSRI. Data were collected from existing documents and studies on health research in Thailand and from financial data and activity reports of HSRI. The results showed
that (1) in the period 2002 and 2007, HSRI received 1,445 million Baht for health systems research, and
budgets from other sources dominated the government budget;  (2) the major research themes involved
data systems and knowledge generation;  and (3) the outcomes of HSRI activities, in terms of social movement and policy linkage, were related to the themes of research that received funds. The author recommends the following: (1) the private sector should play a greater role in supporting the national health
research system;  (2) the efficiency of a research funding agency should be measured by the proportion of
administrative costs to the total expenditures, and the real practices of staff of that agency compared with
the agency’s existing protocol on funding and terminating a project;  and (3) the effectiveness of a research
funding agency should be measured through total outcomes of that agency compared with the targets
mentioned in strategies rather than the figure of unit costs per program/project.
During the past two decades health research has contributed substantially to health system development in Thailand. Health system has been increased its system complexity and thus increases demand for
health research for further development. This paper is aimed to explore the current health research system
in Thailand and its capacity to cope with the increasing demand. Literature review and in-depth interview of key informants were used for data collection. In addition, a series of brain-storming meetings and
a synthesis workshop were organized to help analysis and to draw recommendations for future development.
It was found that the national health research system was facing many problems including lack of
leadership, limited health research resources both research budget and health researchers with inefficient
use. Strengths of the system which could be a foundation for future development included an establishment of autonomous research funding agencies which created a productive working environment for
health researchers to work effectively and a new working model called “triangle that moves the mountain” which involved stakeholders and civic groups in the research management process which could
promote research utilization and health system change based on knowledge. In addition, capacity building has been shifted from a conventional formal training model to on the job training under mentorship of
senior health researchers.
It is recommended that capacity building of health researchers is urgently needed and this has to be
done on the job-training basis. Mobilization of additional research budget is needed not only for supporting more research studies required for on-going health system reforms but also for capacity building. A
possible solution for mobilizing addition research budget is through making research more responsive to
demand of other public organizations. Using earmarked budget, 1 percent of total health budget, by enactment of the National Health Research Bill could be a long term solution and needs a strong political
support. Research management system needs to be strengthened through competent research managers.
Increasing management capacity of these research managers needs a special training programme and
research management tools. Finally, strengthening leadership of national health research system needs a
structural reform. However, a temporary solution is to use an existing health research funding agency to
perform this leading function with an acceptance of other health research funding agencies
This research was aimed at investigating the reasons for and the motivation of medical graduates of
Khon Kaen University choosing to work in community hospitals in northeastern Thailand after completing
their compulsory three-year bonded period of work. The population comprised 557 physicians who
had graduated during the years 1979-2003. A total of 233 samples were selected by stratified random
sampling and the data were collected by questionnaire. The research findings were as follows:
1. The factors that were significant in the retention of medical graduates who were working in
community hospitals in northeastern Thailand were the usefulness of knowledge of the community, the
preference for rural life and the requirement to work in/near their place of birth, respectively. To compare
the retention factors, the subjects were classified by sex, type of entrance, age range, grade and work
place. It was found that (1) male medical graduates prefer to work in administrative jobs compared with
female medical graduates, and (2) medical graduates who were working in community hospitals prefer to
work in administrative jobs rather than medical graduates working in a regional hospital.
2. The significant factors to support medical graduates who worked in community hospitals were
the extra money, improvement in hospital facilities and physical social welfare improvement, respectively.
3. The order of magnitude of the factors for choosing or changing the location of work was related
to postgraduate education, children’s education and individual factors, such as distance from home, quality
of life, etc. In making a comparison of the factors, the graduates could be classified by sex, type of
entrance, age range, grade and workplace as follows : (1) male medical graduates gave a greater priority
to their children’s education than their female peers; (2) medical graduates who had gained entrance by
quota gave greater priority to postgraduate education more than the other group; (3) medical graduates
who ranged in age from 44 to 53 gave greater priority to the management system than those in other age
groups and medical graduates who ranged in age between 34 and 43 years gave greater priority to postgraduate
education and their children’s education than any other age group; and (4) medical graduates
who were working in community hospitals gave greater priority to their task than the other group.
The objectives of the research were to study the health risks and risk-related behaviors of 24,717
people aged 15 years or older who resided in Tan Sum district, Ubonratchathani Province. Information
related to illnesses was collected by asking about their health history, behaviors that made them prone to
health risks, and laboratory check-ups. The work was conducted in the period from October 2006 to September 2007, and the data were analyzed using the Health Check program. The results showed the following: that from the body mass index in 11 percent of the sample were overweight, and 2.29 percent were
obese; waist circumference was above normal in 18.87 percent, and was more prevalent in women than
men; blood pressure in 7.5 percent was in the risky category, among which 4.94 percent suffered high blood pressure, and 0.14 percent suffered severe high blood pressure; blood cholesterol levels in persons
aged 40 years and over showed high levels in 0.10 percent among the risk group (3.99 percent); blood
sugar levels were 16.24 percent in the pre-diabetic stage, and 4.15 percent had diabetes, which was most
prevalent in women; the hematocrit was 51.47 percent in the anemia stage; 6.29 percent of stool samples
contained worms, the majority of which were liver flukes; 21.85 percent had calcium deposits on their
teeth, 2.27 percent had caries and 5.49 had both conditions; 0.74 percent had cataracts; among 38.26 percent of women aged 35-60 who came for cervical cancer checks, 0.37 percent had positive results, and 0.02
percent were positive for breast cancer.
With regard to behavior assessment for health risks, it was found that 0.06 percent consumed alcoholic beverages daily, 3.59 percent smoked cigarettes habitually; 3.50 percent had previous accidents; 0.11
percent had extra-marital sex without using condoms; 0.65 percent of both men and women drank energy-boosting beverages; 34.75 percent exercised 3-5 days a week while 3.94 percent exercised more than
5 days per week; with respect to riding motorcycles and driving cars, 1.89 percent of motorcycle riders did
not wear helmets, and 2.41 percent of car drivers did not wear safety belts; women took steroid-mixed
drugs more than men, and women suffered stress more than men; 0.97 percent consumed raw meat frequently.
The goal of Thai health system development is to achieve a balanced and sustainable society in which
all Thai citizens have the security needed to live a happy life in a healthy and better condition. The objective
of this study was to perform a literature review to form a foundation and knowledge base on good governance
in the Thai health system, analyze and plan for research mapping.
In this study, good governance in the health system was divided into 10 sectors: rule of law, ethics,
transparency, participation, accountability, value for money, human resources development, knowledge organization,
management and information technology. These were simultaneously analyzed in macro- and
micro-analysis systems that were influenced by economic, social and political conditions as well as the agency’
s role.
The literature review revealed that there were problems in every aspect of health governance. If these
problems were solved more effectively, that would generate better and improved services in the health-care
system. Consequently, it would create a sustainable society in which all Thai citizens would live a happy life
in a healthy condition.
The study found that governance is a function of the health system, that each governance principle
should be developed and adapted, and that governance issues should be identified at all levels. The problems
encountered in studying health governance were that the issue needs more research, especially that
undertaken with a qualitative approach and comparison of the international governance functions.
This research encompassed two objectives: (1) to assess the competencies of the personnel of the
Chiang Mai Provincial Health Office and compare these acquired competencies with expected competencies of the organization; and (2) to compare results of competency assessment by self-assessment with the
results of assessment by peers, by heads of sections and by the Competency Assessment Committee. The
target group comprised personnel of the Chiang Mai Provincial Health Office. Respondents were recruited
by the accidental sampling method during the days that the Committee collected data (between October
1, 2006 and March 31, 2007). The research tool was the competency assessment form adapted from the
competency assessment guideline of the Public Sector Development Commission, which comprised eight
dimensions. Data were collected from 147 respondents (94.2 % of the total staff).  Results showed that:
(1) in the deputy director group, the underdeveloped dimension was mentoring for personnel development; (2) in the assistant director group, heads of clusters and heads of sections/technical experts, the
underdeveloped dimensions were ethical issues, holistic thinking and proactive management; (3) in the
technical operator group, the underdeveloped dimension was proactive management; and (4) from the
overall competency scores, the self-assessment produced similar scores to those assess by the Committee.
These findings will be useful for formulating individual development plans.
This survey was conducted in four districts in Chiang Mai Province as part of a multidisplinary
research study by academic staff of three universities, namely Chiang Mai, Songkhla and Khon Kaen
university, in collaboration with researchers from the Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology and the
Royal Institute, with the aim of verifying the association between residential radon exposure and lung
cancer risk. The study was carried out by measuring radon gas levels in the homes of proven cancer
patients and in other homes as controls for the purpose of comparison. As the findings in both categories
of residences showed that the radon levels did not exceed the safety threshold (148 Bq/m3), it was concluded
that radon gas exposure in such a situation of low levels would likely not be a significant cause of
lung cancer, but rather attributed to the heavy smoking habit of the northern citizens.
Accumulating evidence from randomized controlled trials have shown that diabetes mellitus can be
prevented or delayed in high-risk individuals by an intensive lifestyle modification program. However, to
be meaningful for clinical practice in the real world, the results need to be both widely generalizable and
the methods practical and affordable enough to implement in a wide variety of health-care settings. This
review described some aspects of the intensive lifestyle modification program in groups at high risk for
diabetes. Topics included epidemiologic evidence about the relationship between lifestyle factors and
diabetes risk, clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness of the intensive lifestyle modification program, and
predicting factors for its success. Some details of the three example programs, including the Chinese Da
Qing IGT and Diabetes Study, the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study (DPS), the US Diabetes Prevention
Program (DPP) and Look AHEAD Study, were described. The information provided could be utilized in
the development of practical lifestyle interventions for diabetes prevention in Thailand.
A case-control study was carried out in Panomsarakham Hospital, Chachoengsao Province  
 from October 1, 2001 to September 30, 2006 to determine the risk factors associated with birth  
 asphyxia. The study group comprised 107 women who delivered asphyxiated neonates (1-minute  
 Apgar score ≤ 7); the control groups comprised 107 mothers who delivered non-asphyxiated neo- 
 nates (1-minute Apgar score >7). The control group was selected by systematic sampling. The data  
 were analyzed by univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses, which revealed the following  
 significant risk factors prevalent for asphyxiated newborns: thick meconium-stained amniotic fluid  
 (OR 8.82; 95% CI: 1.35-57.45), drug-induced labor (OR 8.63; 95% CI: 2.80-26.63), vacuum  
 extraction (OR 4.66; 95% CI: 1.28-16.90), and dystocia (OR 4.43; 95% CI: 1.33-14.78). In  
 recognizing that the most common risk factors in birth asphyxia are antepartum and intrapartum  
 incidents, early recognition of these factors followed by prompt and appropriate management would  
 reduce the incidence of birth asphyxia. 
Key words: risk factors, birth asphyxi
The purpose of this quasi-experimental research was to evaluate the health status and risk  
 behavior of Tayang Hospital personnel who had earlier joined the Good Health by Yourself  
 Program. The selected sample population of 88 had a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m
2
 and  
 /or blood cholesterol ≥ 200 mg/dl. One pre and post test was carried out on a group in the period  
 from August 2006 to September 2007. The study group was kept for a three-day two-night session during which the staff members joined empowerment activities in the implementation of health  
 education and self-adapting behavior. Six months later, data were collected again and analyzed by  
 computer program to determine the percentage, means, standard deviation and paired t-test results.  
  The study revealed that, following implementation of the Good Health by Yourself Program,  
 related risks, namely systolic and diastolic blood pressure, blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels,  
 were significantly lower than at pretest (p< 0.05). However, waist circumference, BMI and fasting  
 blood sugar (FBS) were not different both pre- and post-Program implementation. This proved that  
 the Good Health by Yourself Program activities could help in lowering blood pressure, cholesterol  
 and related risks, and as a consequence, help to improve health. Therefore, the Good Health by  
 Yourself Program should be implemented in order to develop a caring process for populations at  
 risk as well as for other patients.
This descriptive research study was carried out with the aim of assessing the accuracy  
  of the World Health Organizationûs dengue hemorrhagic fever diagnostic criteria, as used in  
  Nongbuadeang Hospital in 2005 and 2007. The verification was conducted by investigating  
  52 blood samples in 2005 and 15 samples in 2007 based on virology (RNA-PCR) and  
  serology (ELISA).   
   It was found that the diagnoses of dengue fever (DF) and dengue shock syndrome  
  (DSS) by using the WHO diagnostic criteria were 100 percent confirmed throughout, while  
  the diagnosis of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) was 94.74 percent in 2005 and 95 percent  
  in 2007, as confirmed by virological investigation with RNA-PCR and ELISA in 47 cases  
  (90.38%) in 2005 and 13 cases (87.67%) in 2007.  
   Thus, this study indicated that the WHO diagnostic criteria for DHF yield highly  
  accurate results and make unnecessary any other means of confirming dengue viral infection.
This descriptive research aimed at studying factors related to blood pressure  
  controls in patients with hypertension attending Thabsakae Hospital, Prachuap Kiri Khan  
  Province. The subjects comprised 340 patients with hypertension who continuously attended  
  the outpatient department of Thabsakae Hospital in the period October 1 to December 30,  
  2007. Simple random sampling was conducted by using an interview questionnaire. The  method for analyzing the data were frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation.  
  A chi-square test was employed to determine the factors associated with blood pressure  
  controls. 
       The factors were identified as age, sex, marital status, education, occupation,  
  income, knowledge about hypertension, self-care behavior, body mass index, period of  
  illness and presence of other co-morbidities, by compliant hypertensive patient care control  
  groups, that is, those with a blood pressure of less than 140/90 mm Hg (at least 3 SD),  
  and accepting those with a diastolic blood pressure of more than 140/90 mm Hg (only 1  
  SD); however, those with a diastolic blood pressure equal to or more than 92 mm  
  Hg were those considered as having high blood pressure that could not be controlled  
  (at least 5 SD), The research results show that occupation, self-care behavior and body  
  mass index were statistically significant with blood pressure controls in patients with  
  hypertension (p<0.05). This finding can be applied to plan and develop an appropriate  
  method for controlling blood pressure in patients with hypertension.
This research was aimed at the preparation of a health education handbook on contraception  
 for teenagers according to the standard criteria of a 90 percent effective index and a study of the  
 sampleûs opinions. The study population consisted of 40 students from Piboonrakpitaya School in the  
 second semester of the 2007 academic year. The experiment took two days to conduct. The  
 instruments used in this research were a handbook in the health education subject çcontraception for  
 teenagersé, a learning achievement test and questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed by  
 simple statistics, percentage, mean, and standard deviation.  
  The findings indicated that the health education handbook on contraception for teenagers was  
 at a good level (92 percent effectiveness, with an effectiveness index of 0.68). In the opinion of the  
 student subjects the effectiveness of the handbook was at a high level. Therefore, the handbook  
 would be appropriate for use in the health education program.
The objectives of this empirical research were to survey the attitudes of
healthcare teams and health service recipients in Thailand with regard to home healthcare services and community health promotion as services in a sufficiency
economy. There were two groups of samples: health personnel who provided home
health care and the people who received home health care in four regions of
Thailand, i.e., the Northern, Northeastern, Central and Southern regions. Sixty health
personnel were purposively selected from one province in each region, making 240
subjects for the personnel team; 120 people were purposively selected from one
province in each region, making 480 subjects for the healthcare recipient group.
The results showed that 83.2 percent of the persons in the personnel team and
79.4 percent of the healthcare recipients thought that home health care was a
sufficiency economic service. While 55.8 percent of the health personnel were very
satisfied with home healthcare services in providing sufficiency economic services,
42.9 percent were moderately satisfied, and 1.3 percent were not satisfied; 71.5
percent of the people in the subject group had experienced highly satisfactory
services and 28.5 percent considered such services as moderately satisfactory.
In conclusion, both health personnel and health service recipients accepted that
home health care and community health promotion represented sufficiency economic
health services.