plueme/wizJson huggingface dataset:
This research was aimed at studying the knowledge and implementation of the “six
categories” policy for the establishment of health. The tool used was the modified interview
questionnaires of the Health Education Division, Health Service Support Department
(Reliability = 0.70). Descriptive and inferential statistics were used.
The samples were 56.1 percent female; average age was 44.5 years, 41.1 percent finished
primary education, 65.1 percent were married, 28.5 percent were farmers, 69.7 percent
had no fixed income, 79.3 percent had congenital disease, 69.3 percent, when they
got a health problem, went to a public health center or hospital having knowledge of the
“six categories” policy on food aspects at the highest level and on environmental health
at the least high level, mostly cooking for themselves, exercising normally by walking
and jogging, relaxing by watching films/listening to music/walking around, and on the
environmental health aspect by cleaning house and disposing of rubbish by burning,
using seat belts less often or a safety helmet while driving. The majority did not smoke/
or drink alcohol, and their education level was related to their environmental health
knowledge, while fixed income was related to their knowledge of preventive measures
(p <.05).
The results indicated that building systemic knowledge among the public should be
focused on those practices which will lead to correct health behavior.
The study employed a descriptive approach, aimed at confirming the medical diagnosis
of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) and attempted to identify infected people,
disease transmission and appropriate measures for disease prevention and control in a
child development center in Sainoi District, Nonthaburi Province. Patients’ data were
collected from investigation reports, OPD card, and laboratory reports. This center served a total of 159 children and 20 personnel, including nursery shcool teachers, assistant teachers, house-maids and cooks (and/or their parents). They were interviewed and examined for the disease during the period July 16 - August 1, 2007. Surveillance data on
HFMD from 506 reports for Nonthaburi Province from 2002 to 2007 were also reviewed.
An environmental survey was conducted in the center to determine the possible mode of
transmission. During the period July 13 to 27, 2007, three cases (1.9 %) out of the 159 children who visited the center were found to have HFMD. In the first case, the onset of clinical symptoms occurred on July 13, 2007; in the 2nd and 3rd cases symptoms were observed on July 16, 2007. All three cases were 3 years old. One case was a boy and the others were girls. No case died in this outbreak. The stool specimens obtained from two cases were negative for enterovirus 71, the organism causing severe HFMD. The possible common-source transmission of this disease might be from contact with the contaminated toys, common equipment or places used by children, and droplet spread. Prevention and control measures included massive health education, early detection of suspected HFMD cases, reduction in the transmission from humans to humans by closing the center concerned, and setting up disease prevention and control regimes in the patients’ houses, the center, and the community. No subsequent cases were detected after implementing the control measures.
Among people developing diarrhea, some take oral rehydration salt solution, but
most did not know the proper amounts to drink. After drinking some amounts of a salt
solution without recovering, they came to the hospital. Formerly, during the hospital
visits, they never received information what amounts of the salt solution they should
take. This study revealed that, with the practice of demonstration for the 2,704 diarrhea
cases seen in the period from June 2005 to May 2006, only five patients (0.18%) needed
intravenous fluid and only 254 patients were hospitalized, while in previous years (June
2004 - May 2005)the in-patients numbered 559 (Jun 2004-May 2005), dropping to 254 admitted
cases in the following year (Jun 2005-May 2006); this saved a lot of expense for the
hospital. It is necessary for the health-care provider to demonstrate how much of oral
rehydration salt solution is needed when one has diarrhea.
The objective of this study was to create an appropriate care guideline for diabetic
patients with hypoglycemia at Phayuhakiri Hospital. The methodology included a literature
review, knowledge sharing with other community hospitals and diabetes mellitus
specialists, after which a care guideline for diabetes with hypoglycemia was developed.
All diabetic patients hospitalized for hypoglycemia during the period October 2005 - September
2006 were enrolled in this study. Mortality, readmission rates of recurrent hypoglycemia,
knowledge, self-caring behaviors and support from relatives before and after
the intervention were compared. The findings showed that these new practices reduced
the hazardous consequences of hypoglycemia, such as death or recurrent hypoglycemia;
patients and relatives developed better knowledge in preventing hypoglycemia
and had more appropriate responses to hypoglycemia symptoms. This care guideline
has been implemented in Phayuhakiri Hospital since fiscal year 2007. The pitfalls found
in this guideline will be adjusted in order to obtain more efficient care.
Phenytoin is an anticonvulsant commonly prescribed for prophylaxis and the treatment
of patients with generalized or partial seizures. Therapeutic drug monitoring of
phenytoin is mandatory owing to its narrow therapeutic range, long duration to achieve
steady-state plasma drug concentration, wide range of pharmacokinetic parameters and
non-linear pharmacokinetics. This descriptive study was carried out to determine the
patients’ compliance in taking phenytoin at the Promkiri Hospital epileptic out-patient
clinic during the period March to July 2007. The subjects were 75 patients aged 18-60
years; the male to female ratio was 1.58:1, with their average body weight being 46.07 kg,
and all had normal liver and renal functions. The dose of phenytoin used varied from 100
to 500 mg/day; the median dose was 300 mg/day. Drug non-compliance was verified in
15 patients (20 per cent of the subjects ) from pill counting, missing drug-taking days, and
checking serum phenytoin concentrations. The result of this study would lead to urgent
planning implemented for future patients’ therapy in order to improve the success rate in
the administration of phenytoin.
This retrospective study was conducted to verify the results of treatment of 25 hazardous
alcohol drinkers by a combination method of cognitive behavior therapy with
electrostimuli ear acupuncture at Bangprakong Hospital; there is no known use of the
method being employed previously. The 25 patients were studied by audit questionnaires:
six scores in women and 8 scores in men. Treatment given by electrostimuli ear
acupuncture for one hour and cognitive behavior therapy program for one hour daily on
10 successive days and follow-up four times at one week, two weeks, one and three months,
respectively. The results were analyzed descriptively, showing that 19 of the patients
could stop drinking (76 per cent), although six suffered a relapse (24 per cent). The longest
cessasation was five years.
Background and Rationale: The health service system, as one part of the means for
preserving health, is focused on health insurance to assure the good quality, efficiency,
and equity of health services. The main concept behind developing and improving health
services, using the Hospital Network Quality Audit, is the participation and willingness
of people to develop the quality of health services continuously. Therefore, participation
plays a major role in the success of the Hospital Network Quality Audit.
Methodology: This was a descriptive research study using cross-sectional analysis.
The questionnaires were distributed between the 3rd and 10th of October 2007. The
data were entered into the program to analyze them for frequency, percentage, means,
standard deviation, and range. Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient was used
to evaluate the relationships between the independent variables and the participation in
the Hospital Network Quality Audit.
Setting: Two hundred and fifty-six health professionals for the Hospital Network
Quality Audit in the hospital network, Chonburi Province.
Results: The majority of health professionals had a medium level of knowledge of
the factors in the Hospital Network Quality Audit. Knowledge factors were significantly
related to the level of participation in the Hospital Network Quality Audit. The majority
of the health professionals had a medium level of motivator factors and there were significantly
related to the participation in the Audit. When considering each subscale, the
results showed that the subscales of advancement, achievement, recognition, work itself
and responsibility were significantly related to the participation in the Hospital Network
Quality Audit; the majority of the health professionals involved had a low level of hygiene
factors and these factors were significantly related to their participation in the Audit.
When considering each subscale, the subscales of policy and administration, work
conditions, interpersonal relations with supervisor, subordinates, peers, salary and job
security were significantly related to participation in the Audit, and the majority of the
health professionals had a medium level of participation in it.
From the results of this study, suggestions were made on measures ranging from
personal development by self-learning, training and seminars for quality improvement.
Moreover, the hospital committee should assess the needs of all staff in order to improve
the social welfare benefits and financial remuneration in addition to the government support.
Although awareness exists that over-crowding in the Outpatient Department has
been a similar to that in government hospitals, previous studies of the problem had been
carried out on the situation in provincial and university hospitals. The present researcher
conducted this study to determine the factors relating to the problem of overcrowded
outpatient services in a community hospital where he works; he used the experience thus
obtained for developing the service quality of the hospital. A survey was taken by questionnaires on stakeholders (June 2007), regarding service
quality; the study was carried out in the period July-October 2007. The survey resulted
in most staff agreeing with the need to refer chronic cases to the primary care unit,
but disagreeing with the posting of a doctor service in the primary care unit on weekends;
the patients were not happy with the self-care functions if there was health worker
visit. After the service has been initiated, it could be expected that patient waiting time
would decrease from 192 minutes to 110 minutes.
The researcher made suggestions for reducing the overcrowding problem by integrating
health taskforce distribution by equity versus efficiency and incentive policy for
community hospitals and primary care units in order to improve the service quality and
the referral system.
This study was aimed at assessing the accuracy of the blood glucose meter currently
in use in comparison with the reference test. A cross-sectional analytical study design
was used. The sample population comprised diabetic patients from the diabetic clinic at
Maesai Hospital, Chiang Rai Province during the month of September 2007. Blood glucose
levels, sex, and age of the samples were collected. The statistical methods used were
descriptive, Pearson’s correlation, Spearman’s rho correlation, Wilcoxon’s signed rank test, paired t-test, and univariate linear regression. The results of the study showed that,
out of 139 patients, 69.6 percent were female, with the average age being 54.3 ± 12.5 years.
It was found that the average blood glucose levels were not statistically significant.
Spearman’s rho coefficient was 0.96 (p<0.001). Since the difference in the results from
both tests was higher when the blood glucose level was higher, subgroup analysis was
conducted by separating the blood glucose level into two groups: less than 300 mg/dL
and 300 mg/dL or over. The results revealed that in the former group, the total number of
samples was 130. The average of the blood glucose levels was not statistically significant.
Spearman’s rho coefficient was 0.95 (p<0.001). The results of the analysis of the latter
group showed that there were 8 patients whose average blood glucose levels were not
statistically significant. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was 0.76 (p=0.03). The univariate
linear regression model in this part was the blood glucose level from the reference test =
15.9+blood glucose level from the blood glucose meter. Moreover, the clinical differences
(±20%) from both subgroups were less than 5 percent.
The objectives of this cross-sectional study were to analyze the correlation between
Personal Qualities and the Pregnancy’s Perception Factors, such as the pregnancy nutrition
graph and pregnancy pathway, as they related to self-care during pregnancy and antenatal care for newborns’ birth weight. The subjects were 371 pregnant women who
visited community hospitals in Sisaket when going into labor. The data were collected
using self-administered questionnaires and these were analyzed using t-test, chi-square
and Pearson’s correlation coefficient.
The results revealed that both the educational level and age were significantly correlated
to the newborn’s birth weight (p=0.034 and 0.002). Gravidity was significantly
correlated to quality of antenatal care (p=0.049). The quality of antenatal care of second to
fourth gravidity was 1.57 times significantly higher than the first and fifth gravidity. Perception
on the pregnancy pathway was significantly correlated to the utilization of the
pregnancy nutrition graph and pregnancy pathway (r=0.403, p-value=0.000 and r=0.407,
p=0.000). Perceptions on the pregnancy pathway were significantly correlated to the utilization
of the pregnancy nutrition graph and the pregnancy pathway (r=0.416, pvalue=
0.000 and r=0.487, p=0.000).
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways; occasional cases may succumb
from severe attacks. Bang-Pa-In Hospital established an asthma clinic in 2006; it is
operated by a multidisciplinary team which provides treatment according to international
standard guidelines. This study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of the Hospital’s
asthma clinic by comparing the results of the care before and after attending the clinic in
82 selected patients (24.4% male, 75.6% female) in the period from June 1, 2006 to December
31, 2007. The results showed that the hospitalization rate of asthma cases was reduced from
24.4 to 2.4 percent, the rate of patients receiving nebulizers in the emergency room was
reduced from 75.6 to 14.6 percent, the use of short-acting beta2-agonist was reduced from
81.7 to 23.2 percent, the rate of correct practice during asthma attack was 73.2 percent, the
use of inhaled corticosteroid (ICs) increased from 19.5 to 100 percent, the rate of correct
use of inhalers increased from 28.9 to 87.8 percent, and the control of the disease increased
from 11 to 24.4 percent. The means of in-patient admission, visiting the emergency room,
use of short-acting beta2-agonist, and peak expiratory flow of the experimental group
was significantly different at the 0.05 level.
This overall result implies that the quality of life of the asthmatic subjects became
better and that asthma can be controlled by providing, in addition to the use of appropriate
drugs (ICs), appropriate education about the disease and an understanding of how
asthma treatments work. Finally, the reduction in in-patient admissions, emergency department
visits and school or work days missed was achieved.
This descriptive study was designed to determine the unit cost and cost recovery in
Charttrakarn Hospital in Phitsanulok Province in fiscal year 2006 from the provider’s
perspective.  The hospital’s operations were classified into three categories: non-revenueproducing center (NRPCC), revenue-producing cost center (RPCC), and patient service cost center (PS).  The total direct cost of each cost center/activity was determined by
combining labor cost, material cost with capital cost.  After that, the  direct costs of NRPCC
and RPCC were allocated to PSCC as indirect costs by using the step-down method.  Then
the full cost of each PS was calculated from direct plus indirect costs. Dividing the final
full cost of each cost center by its output provides the unit cost.
The results show that the total cost of the hospital in the year 2006 was 44,257,662
baht, with the proportion of LC: MC: CC = 53:37:10. The unit cost of the whole out-patient
service was 417 baht per visit, while the unit costs of the out-patient cost center, dental
health cost center and family practice cost center were 348, 603 and 1,205 baht/visit respectively. The unit costs of the in-patient service were 4,287 baht/case,  1,756 baht/day,
and 7,005 baht/relative weight (RW).  The total cost recovery of the hospital was 0.94. The
scheme with maximum cost recovery was CSMBS (1.28); the second highest was that of
VHCS (1.22), followed by the universal coverage scheme at 0.91.
Recommendations:
1. Costs and unit costs among hospitals should be compared carefully.  The details
of cost identification, cost allocation and unit cost determination should be considered,
because they vary among studies.  Besides hospital revenue, the meaning should be clarified and defined with regard to the extent of revenue as well as its components. Furthermore, the value of the money in different periods of time is not the same, so it should not
be compared directly.
2. Governmental budget allocation criteria for the entire country should be assessed
for appropriateness according to the various cost characteristics among hospitals operating in different contexts.
3. Each hospital should set up an effective information system for collecting an essential database on hospital accounting, resources consumption, workload of hospital
service, and other important data. The system should be able to assess the financial situation, hospital costing and hospital performance
This is a retrospective descriptive research study, the objective of which was to evaluate the results of trigger finger treatment by percutaneous approach using applied dental equipment. The study population included 29 patients with trigger finger (females
with a mean age of 52 years) on whom 35 digits were treated by percutaneous operation
at Samchuk Hospital, Suphan Buri Province. The statistical analysis gave frequency, percentage, mean, median and range. The results of the study revealed that the mean operation time was 14 minutes; only
12 patients (34.3%) kept their appointment for seven days of postoperative follow-up.
The mean home visit period for every patient was 13 months.  On the seven-day followups, every patient could move her fingers normally and only two patients sensed pain.
On home visits 34 of the 35 fingers (90.14%) moved normally; four patients had a sensory
loss but without pain or scars.  The majority of patients (74.28%) could move their fingers
normally within 10 days of the operation.  The mean sastisfaction score was 9.69 out of 10.
All patients were willing to recommend other trigger finger patients to come for treatment at Samchuk Hospital. The author concluded that the treatment by percutaneous
technique with applied dental equipment is effective in releasing trigger fingers without
additional medical treatment; this technique involved fewer complications, no scar formation, a short recovery period, no recurrent symptoms, and produced good patient compliance and faith.
The objective of this study was to observe the behavior of hypertensive patients along
with the factors affecting their self-care practice. The qualitative study was conducted during
the period July - December 2006 and involved 29 diagnosed hypertensive patients, the persons
who took care of them, the leaders of the health-care team in the community, and the healthcare staff of the local hypertensive clinic. Information was collected by personal interview,
group discussion, and observation.  Data were analyzed and checked by using the content
analysis and triangulation techniques, respectively.
The results were as follows: most of the hypertensive patients pursued inappropriate
self-care behaviors, including food consumption behavior, cooking in familiar ways, consuming food together in companion groups, with the choice of the food being provided at the
discretion of the cooks. Among the factors affecting them were insufficient physical exercise
owing to fatigue or no extra time due to their overwhelming responsibility of providing family care.   A minority group could not perform the physical activities due to senile frailness.
Most patients suffered stress from varying causes including debt.  With regard to the factors
affecting tension, the most serious was the liability they faced.  In the group discussion, the
patients and persons who took care of the patients criticized the health-care providers with
regard to patient behaviors on food consumption and regular exercise.
Asthma is a chronic disease for which a good number of patients need lifelong treatment.  It is hoped that an easy asthma clinic, established according to the standard guidelines for asthma control, would provide effective treatment of asthma.  The objective of
this study was to assess the outcomes of Banphai Hospital’s easy asthma clinic from its
founding in January 2004 to December 2006. Information obtained on the 331 patients
(males 51.4%, females 48.6%) was that the in-patient admission rate decreased from 442
to 79, the numbers visiting the emergency room decreased from 560 to 241, and the total
control group increased from 5.88 per cent to 8.94 per cent. These findings provide evidence that the Easy Asthma Clinic has produced a reduction in the admission rate and
number of emergency room visits and increased the efficacy of asthma treatment. Therefore, the Banphai Hospital Easy Asthma Clinic model may be considered for implementation in all community hospitals in Thailand.