plueme/wizJson huggingface dataset:
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2007 source: HSRI 
title: On Establishing a Community-participation Model Health-promoting Village in Denchai District, Phrae Province 
abstract:This was a participatory-action-research study aimed at examining a model healthpromoting
village, using community participation, conducted in three villages in Denchai
district, Phrae Province. The health-leading teams comprised 10 specifically selected persons
from each village, a total of 30 persons; representative villagers were 50 residents selected by simple random sampling from each village, a total of 150 respondents. Data
were collected by interviews, group discussion, and health leading-team conferences.
Results of the study revealed that health leading-teams were the leaders of developing,
controlling the plans and activities of health promoting villages and coordination with
other organizations. Health-promoting activities in the villages were as follows: 80 percent
of the villagers planted and consumed local vegetables, meaning that there was no
chemical contamination in food; there was one elderly social group in each village; because
of project implementation, the health knowledge of villagers was improved to 100
percent, which was statistically significant.
With regard to health problems, 49.3 percent of the villagers undertook regular physical
exercise for 30 minutes per day thrice a week; 88 percent washed their hands before
and after eating; 84 percent brought food substances approved by the Food and Drug
Administration as certified by labels and symbols; 75.3 percent eradicated mosquito breeding
sites; 73.3 percent were members of the “To Be Number One Club”, which works
against amphetamine addiction 88 percent had their blood pressure measured within
one year; 63.3 percent of the female villagers had had a pap smear examination; and 93.7
percent had performed breast examinations by themselves. Based on the results of the
study, the author suggests that community health promotion should be promoted and
models of implementation should be developed with the support of every organization
and civil society concerned. Government authorities should support community participation
in the management of health-promoting plans of the villages.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2007 source: HSRI 
title: An Outbreak of Measles in Umphang District, Tak Province, 2004 – 2005 
abstract:This report describes an investigation of a measles outbreak in Umphang District,
Tak Province, in the period 2004-2005 and emphasizes the importance of coverage of
measles immunization in children. Medical records of measles cases diagnosed between
January 2004 and April 2005 in the district were reviewed. Data on measles immunization
in children 9 months of age or older and measles-mumps-rubella immunization in
school children were retrieved from Umphang Community Hospital and 4 out of the 7
health centers to determine the coverage. Over the outbreak period, among the 187 measles
cases, about 85 percent were Thai and 15 percent were cases among citizens of Myanmar.
One case died from pneumonia, producing a fatality rate of 0.5 percent. Of the 187 cases,
89.8 percent were children 0 - 14 years old and 10.2 percent were 15 years of age or older.
Measles cases were reported from all subdistricts in Umphang District. Sporadic cases
were reported from January to April 2003 and the cases increased thereafter. Clinical manifestations
included fever (100%), rash (100%), cough (80.2%), and rhinorrhea (67.9%).
Measles complications in these cases were pneumonia (17.6%), diarrhea (10.7%), and otitis
(5.9%). About 61.6 percent of the Thai cases had not received measles immunization
and the remainder could not be determined. Of the 106 measles cases examined for
measles-specific IgM by ELISA, 80.2 percent were positive. The coverage of measles immunization
in both > 9-month and school children was low in some areas of the district.
The outbreak tapered off after providing preventive and control measures. The authors
suggest that full coverage of measles immunization among the target children is essential.
For remote areas in the district where people face difficulty in traveling and limited
outreach of health services, the provision of an immunization program in dry season may
be useful.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2007 source: HSRI 
title: The Increased Effectiveness of Full Denture Process by Cabinet Controls Dispersion of Acrylic Resin 
abstract:The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the full denture
process by the cabinet control dispersion of acrylic resin in Sichon District Hospital from
2005 to 2007. According to the Royal Denture Project, the number of elderly Thais who
want full dentures is increasing and of acrylic resin denture products is increasing. Many problems are caused by acrylic resin contamination, such as health hazards, environmental
damage, bad odor and dust. New equipment for making full dentures uses local
materials. With regard to the production of full dentures, the level of patient and dentist
satisfaction before and after the use of this equipment was measured. The data were
collected using a questionnaire which assessed the patients’ and dentists’ satisfaction by
using the Likert scale. The data were analyzed using the SPSS program Version 10. The
study showed that the total number of elderly persons who received complete dentures
during the three-year period was 433 people and the efficiency of the dentists were 100,
98.2 and 154.4 percent respectively. The results of the dispersion acrylic resin control rate
were 100 percent in the 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, 16th, and 24th weeks of data collection. The
findings also showed that the patients were highly satisfied with this approach when
compared with the previous procedure. Moreover, the results showed that dentists were
also satisfied.
This study demonstrated that the effectiveness of the full denture process was significantly
increased by using this cabinet for dispersion of acrylic resin control.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2007 source: HSRI 
title: Vegetables and Fruit Consumption Patterns among Thai Population across Four Regions and the Metropolitan Thailand National Health Examination Survey III 
abstract:The objective was to examine vegetables and fruit consumption patterns
among Thai population across four regions and Bangkok.  This study was a part
of the National Health Examination Survey III in Thailand conducting between
2003 and 2004.  A total of 39,290 individuals aged ≥ 15 years were interviewed by
using a set of questionnaire including information on sociodemographic and
vegetables and fruit consumption.  Employing descriptive statistics, Wilcoxon
rank-sum test and Kruskal-Willis test at 0.05 level of confidence.  The findings
demonstrated that overall, an individual had average frequencies of vegetables
and fruit consumptions equal to 5.97 and 4.56 day per week, respectively.  Individuals living in the Central and Northeastern regions had the highest number of
days per week for vegetables consumption, while those living in Bangkok had
the highest number of days for fruit consumption.  On average, numbers of
servings of vegetables, fruit, and both vegetables and fruit consumed a day were
1.78 (median = 1.14), 1.46 (median = 1.00), 3.24 (median = 2.86), respectively.
People in Bangkok ate more vegetables, fruit, and both vegetables and fruit than
those in other regions.  There were significantly differences in median number of
days per week and the amount of servings per day for vegetables and fruit consumed across four regions and the metropolitan (p< 0.05). Proportion of individuals who met the recommendation for vegetables, fruit, and both vegetables
and fruit consumptions were 26.9 percent, 35.4 percent, and 26.6 percent, respectively.  In conclusion, frequencies and amount of vegetables and fruit consumptions in Thai people varied by regions of residence. Majority of Thais had an
inadequate daily amount of vegetables and fruit consumption.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2007 source: HSRI 
title: Elderly Health Problem 2547 
abstract:As part of the National Health Examination Survey III, the objectives of
this study were to determine the health problems of Thai elderly in 4 dimensions; self-reported health status, prevalence of behavioral risks, biological risks
and examine an awareness, treatment and control of the leading chronic
diseases.
The samples of 19,372 respondents aged 60 years and over were drawn
from those included in the multi-staged sample national survey during JanuaryAugust 2004.  Methods of data collection were interview, physical examination
and laboratory findings. Descriptive analysis was used to estimate the size of the
conditions and prevalence at the national level, base on standard criteria for diagnosis of chronic diseases and levels of their effective control.
With regard to behavioral risks, prevalence of cigarette smokers decreased
with ages, the rate among males was nine times over that of females. Alcohol
drinking decreased in a small proportion. Insufficient physical activities as well
as fruit and vegetables intakes based on standard criteria were observed at high
rates (80-90percent), increased with advanced ages and the oldest females were
the worst.  For biological health risks, anemia and underweight appeared to increase with advanced ages and lower proportion of obese elderly respondents
with advanced age was observed.  Selected chronic diseases were hypertension,
hypercholesterolemia and Diabetes Mellitus, of which known as high risks associated with major cardiovascular events for example, stroke, ischemic heart, and
long- termed diabetic consequences.Age-adjusted prevalence of hypertension
were at 51.6 percent, diabetes 14.8 percent and high cholesterol 25.4 percent.  While
overall proportion of unawareness of those chronic diseases were reported to be
56.8 percent for hypertension, 41.2 for diabetes and 81.5 percent for high cholesterol.  The proportions of those treated and control of blood pressure, blood sugar
and blood cholesterol were12.4, 26.4 and 10.3 percent respectively.  Women were
found to be more aware of their illnesses, received treatment with effective control than their men counterparts. An ineffective control group was observed
among the oldest - 80 years and over- of both genders.
In conclusion, there were high prevalence of hypertension and diabetes
in the Thai elderly with high percentage of unawareness and inadequate control
of those treated.Screening program for early detection was essential.  Treatments
of these diseases to maintain adequate control should be improved
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2007 source: HSRI 
title: Health System during Crisis in Restive Southern Provinces of Thailand 
abstract:The violence in the Southern provinces in Thailand took a toll on physical, psycho-social and spiritual health.  Data collection began from March 2004
to March 2007 using questionnaires, face to face interview including group seminars and brainstorming sessions.  It was found that the frequency of chaotic events
occured 5,460 times during January 2003 to August 2006.  About 1,730 have been
killed and 2,513 injured.  These victims included 22 health workers and 31 health
volunteers.
In the prime of the violence, every single hospital has prepared itself to be
ready to cope with those crises.  Health workers, for example, suddenly changed
their behaviors substantially such as adjusting their work schedules, not
wearing uniform, taking more precautions, decreasing or avoiding their proactive roles in field works, particularly health promotion and health prevention.
These were remarkable changes in health care roles which would have long term
serious effects on the communitiy health.  In addition, security in hospitals has
been tightened while stocks of food became critically necessary.  Some local health
offices rearranged their teams by having village health volunteers working closely
with their health officers.  These actions could boost their morale and ensure
their safety. Community faith in them and being natives inspired health workers
to remain in their posts.
It was interesting that the number of cases of out-patient and in-patient
departments had not changed much but the number of patients visiting local
health offices clearly decreased.  Nevertheless, the number of patients in labor
departments increased and the chronic disease cases increased as well.  Besides,
the number of cases with psychosis or having mental problems sharply increased.
Eventhough, the turn over and replacement of health workers became even but
the lack of medical specialists in some areas remained.  Number of registered
nurses would become the major concern in the near future if the violence is not
restrained.
The crisis dictates requirements on short-term measures to focus on security, life protection, creating the supporting systems about counseling, referring,
transferring and maintaining the systems.  In the long run, measures include
peace restoration, then, create health participatory system of people in communities, self-care system and enhance effectiveness of health system.  It should be
concerned about the opportunity to build Muslim medical curriculum and
agenda.  Having a specific team work to monitor the situation closely, connecting and communicating with the government and developing the participatory
management of data system and solving the problem may gradually decrease
the violence.  In addition, research and development on the consequences of the
health system of the restive southern provinces are required in order to cope
with the drastic change.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2007 source: HSRI 
title: Diabetes in Thailand : Lessons Learned from Policies of Developed Nations 
abstract:The prevalence and burden of chronic diseases, particularly diabetes, are
rapidly increasing in Thailand and worldwide. Yet in a national survey, it was
reported that 41 percent of those diagnosed with the diabetes were unaware of
the condition and only 26 percent had their blood glucose controlled effectively.
The national health care cost for the  3 million cases is estimated to amount to
350-840 billion baht in 2007. Several studies have been reported that microvascular complications existed prior to the diagnosis of diabetes and later resulted in
retinopathy (10-29%), proteinuria (10-36%) and neuropathy (9%). Furthermore,
risk of macrovascular complications and their death rates of those with prediabetes were equal to those with diabetes and twice of those without. Studies
showed that among those with high risk, the chance of developing to diabetes
can be reduced by changing to  of healthy life style - nutrition, physical activity,
and weight reduction - which cut down the incidence of diabetes by 58 percent.
It was reported that risk factors among Thais that might be related to diabetes were   high blood pressure, over weight, high blood cholesterol, inadequate
fruit and vegetables intakes, limited physical activity and malnutrition.
In Thailand, among those with diabetes, the prevalence of diabetic complications were nephropathy 43.9%, cataract 42.8%, retinopathy 30.7%, ischemic
heart disease 8.1% and stroke 4.4%. In Finland, the major causes of death among
over half of cases with diabetes type 1 and 2, were myocardial infarction and
ischemic heart disease.
Review of national diabetes prevention and control programs of the United
State of America, Canada, England, Finland and Australia shows that programs
on prevention of diabetes type 2 by changing of life style were commonly endorsed. Advocacy on early diagnoses by screening service for high risk group
and underserved population were clearly spelled out. However, the program in
Finland used a screening questionnaire focusing on risk factors to identify those
with high risk rather than depending alone on laboratory test. Similarities were
reported on the efforts of the 5 developed nations to provide high quality service, continuing care and forming networks at all levels reaching communities
in particular. Many of them underlined the essential of adequate information for
general population in order to increase awareness and commitment in changing
life style. Likewise diabetic patients need this continuing health information pertinent to their participation in treatment and self-care. The national health plans
always underline strategies to strengthen infrastructure and capability of the
health services and health manpower development.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2007 source: HSRI 
title: System and Mechanism : Access to Second Opinion and Public Health Information 
abstract:Second opinion is one of the efficient medical procedures to enhance
quality and reliability of health care system, particularly from the patient’s point
of view. To be applied in Thailand, this will provide evidence of Thai patient’s
rights enhancement as well as consumer empowerment, in terms of allowing
consumers to receive better quality of health care services.  The objective of this
study is to review the literatures related to second opinions and people’s access
to public health information, with the aim to find out preliminary information
required for a proper development of second opinion system in Thailand.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2007 source: HSRI 
title: Northeastern Migrant Labor : Situation and Health Issues 
abstract:Outstanding labour migration has been reported in the northern region
of Thailand leading to changes in physical and social aspects.  Subsequently effects on health status at individual, household and eventually community level
shall be witnessed.  This article was aimed at presenting situation, recommended
research issues and strategies in order to develop preventive measures and reassurance of adequate health services accordingly.
Presently, labour is classified as formal and informal.  Whereas, the latter
is not yet entitled to legal protection and benefits of the social security scheme.
These discriminations exist among some industrial labors undergoing unfairly a
series of probation periods.  As such, the phenomena calls for research related to
situation and pattern of employment; classificaiton of labor and required health
care/insurance; their health behaviors and proper health promotion measures.
Safety regulations and guidelines in working place, particularly in small,
and medium enterprises have often been neglected and the premises can avoid
monitoring of the public sector.  It may critically call for strong participation of
community and local health facility.  Research effort should, then, be made on;
development on tripartite monitoring and surveillance on safety work place,
labor protection system by community, and labor in home industries, guideline
for labor protection from occupational health risk, guideline on rehabilitation of
vulnerable labor with participation of family and community, an of health status
and safety of labor in service sector.
Haphazard movements of labor on provincial, regional and national
levels do not accommodate registration, provision and coverage of health care
and insurance with respect to their health needs.  Further development of health
care system, hence, should focus on accessibility.
Health and safety regulation information should also be disseminated.
The research issues should cover on an effective model for disseminating health
and safety regulation information at community level, life skill for adapting in
cross cultural environment, community and health facilities roles and functions
on surveillance on health, and self-care empowerment of labor Based on information synthesis and brain storm of experts and stakeholders, research strategies and issues were formulated as follows: strategic I promotion health of labor at community and strategic II self-care empowerment of migrant labor.  The research issues of strategic I include situation of labor health,
classification of labor based on health care system, effect and impact of Free Trade
Act (FTA) and new production pattern on health, monitoring and surveillance
on safety work place and labor health problem, labor protection at community
industries, health protection and rehabilitation of labor with high risk, and perception on labor’s right at community.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2008 source: HSRI 
title: Situational Review of Ethics in Research Involving Human : A Study of Human Subject Protections in the Ministry of Public Health (Central Part) 
abstract:The objective of the study is to study the mechanism of human subject protections focusing on ethics committee in central part of the Ministry of Public Health. The methodologies include literature review, questionaire, and indepth interview. The study revealed that most of Departments in the Ministry had established ethics committee, i.e., Ministry of Public Health, Department for the Development of Thai Traditional and Alternative Medicine, Department of Medical Service, Department of Disease Control, Department of Medical Science, Department of Mental Health and the Health System Research Institute. There are institutional ethics committee in Department of Medical Service, e.g., the National Neurological Institute and the Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health. Most of members of the committees acquainted with the international ethical principles and guidelines for research involving human. The composition of the committees are in line with international guidelines. Each committee have their own guidelines and standard operating procedures. Only one committee has been surveyed, evaluated, and recognized by SIDCER/ FERCAP Recognition Program, i.e., the Ethics Committee for Thai Traditional and Alternative Medicine. Since the research is not the first priority of the Ministry of Public Health, there are some shortcomings that need consideration for correction and improvement. Most of medical and health journals have no policy for requirement of ethical clearance of the studies submitted for publication. Most of the ethics committee focussed only on preview of the protocol, no proactive activities on continuous review and site visit. Most of the committees review both scientific and ethical aspects meanwhile most members of the ethics committee have limited knowledge and experience in research on advance and complicated sciences. The supports of most committees are insufficient. The information  technology are not fully used in most committees. Some committees have problems in timely review and may have doubt of independence in some cases.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2008 source: HSRI 
title: Ethical Considerations for Research in Routine Practices 
abstract:The objective of the study is to review ethical considerations for research in routine practices. The main question is whether these researches need ethical review or not. The study concluded that, first, there is need to distinguish among practice, experiment and research. Any works that contain research element in part or whole should be submitted for review by Ethics Research Committee, if the researches involving human subjects, which included biomedical, behavioral and social sciences researches. The rationale is to ensure that  human subjects or research participants are appropriately protected in dignity, rights, safety and well-being according to international ethical principles in human research. However, the burden of ethical review should be appropriately managed. The researches should be categorized by their risks. The researches that contain minimal risks should be considered for expedited review.