plueme/wizJson huggingface dataset:
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2023 source: HSRI 
title: Review of the 2019 Verbal Autopsy Records Among those Died from Tuberculosis 
abstract:Cause of death statistical information is important for health planning. The information enables policy planners to understand the medical nature of fatal health problems of the country. Priority can be set based on the information, which can also be baseline for evaluation of various health programs. However, in Thailand, the standard of death registry is still poor. My deaths took place outside the hospital and registered by non-medical personnel. The information is therefore not accurate enough for planning. In 2019, in order to solve this problem, a research team from the International Health Policy Program (IHPP) did a survey on causes of deaths using so-called ‘verbal autopsy’ method. After the data were analyzed, IHPP invited relevant experts to review the report. Tuberculosis (TB) was reported to be the 10th cause of death in male and 17th cause of death in female population. These figures indicated that TB is still a very important health problem. However, the above findings are in contrast with reports from the National TB registry, which show that TB notification rate is rapidly and steadily declining. To solve this problem of inconsistency, our research team carried out the current study with the following objectives: 1. The primary objective is to review the records of the verbal autopsy of the so-called TB deaths in order to check the accuracy of the reports 2. The subsidiary objectives include to assess clinical cause of these deaths Our research team were kindly supported by the IHPP team who provided the verbal autopsy data Our team consist of the following experts: (1) Senior Medical Epidemiologist who conceptualized and designed the study. (2) Senior Infectious Disease Expert (3) National Senior Expert on Tuberculosis (4) Statistician Experts No (2) and No (3) initially independently reviewed the data, write their comments and finally scored how much they agreed with the verbal autopsy reports. The score could be one of these 5 levels 1 Not agree 2 Somewhat disagree 3 Indecisive 4 Somewhat agree
5 Agree Out of 198 records provided by IHPP, the 63 duplicated records were removed, leaving 135 unique records. Frequency of the 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 scores given by the National TB expert were 10, 12, 94, 11 and 8 Frequency of the 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 scores given by the Infectious Disease expert were 14, 7, 21, 21 and 72. Weighted kappa statistic = 0.226, indicating fair agreement between the two experts. There were 3 types of weighting scheme were applied. The unweighted, linear weighted and quadratic weighted kappa statistic were 0.86, 0.141 and 0.226 respectively, which can be concluded as relatively low. In conclusion, the revision of history of cause died from TB in the verbal autopsy result got inconsistent rate of likelihood from two independent experts. The findings suggest the need to improve such data in the future.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2023 source: HSRI 
title: Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacokinetic Study of Mycophenolic Acid and Its Metabolite (Phase 2) 
abstract:Mycophenolic acid (MPA) is an immunosuppressant medication used to prevent rejection following organ transplantation and is under investigation for its efficacy against osteosarcoma. We investigated the genetic variability of whole-exome sequencing (WES) data from 15 osteosarcoma patients who receive mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), a prodrug of MPA. Using whole-exome sequencing (WES), we found 48 variants from the 15 genes which are related to MPA and its metabolite (MPAG) metabolism. Three variants were found to significantly correlate with the pharmacokinetic parameters of MPA after single-dose MMF administration including SLCO1B3 (rs4149117, T>G), SLCO1B1 (rs2306283, A>G) and ABCG2 (rs2231142, G>T). Moreover, five variants were found to significantly correlate with the pharmacokinetic parameters of MPA after multiple doses of MMF administration (at steady state) including SLCO2B1 (rs2306168, C>T), ABCG2 (rs2231137, C>T), UGT1A8 (rs3755323, T>C), UGT1A8 (rs3755321, T>C) and UGT1A8 (rs4148323, G>A). All of these variants are missense mutations. In addition, in this study, we could build the population pharmacokinetic models for MPA in Thai osteosarcoma patients and healthy volunteers, which include genetic covariates. It was found that the pharmacokinetics of MPA in both populations can be described by a two-compartment pharmacokinetic model with 1st order drug elimination. Furthermore, the addition of the absorption lag time in the model for drug absorption following multiple doses of MMF (steady state) could significantly reduce the objective function value. Based on the population pharmacokinetic study, genetic factors affecting the pharmacokinetic parameters of MPA have not been identified. Based on the results of this population pharmacokinetic study, the pharmacokinetic parameters of MPA are different between healthy volunteers and osteosarcoma patients. Osteosarcoma patients had lower CL/F and Vc/F of MPA compared to healthy volunteers. Moreover, in osteosarcoma patients, it was also found that MPA pharmacokinetic parameters differed between post-administration of MMF in a single dose and multiple doses (steady state). After a single dose of MMF administration, the CL/F and Vc/F of MPA were approximately 2-fold and 1.4-fold higher than after multiple doses of MMF administration (steady state), respectively.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2023 source: HSRI 
title: A Research and Development Program on Developing of Value-Based Health Care for Diabetes Prevention Service Package and Payment 
abstract:Background: The global rise in non-communicable diseases (NCDs), particularly type 2 diabetes, is a major concern. Existing literature highlights the effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions, such as weight reduction, in reducing the risk of diabetes among pre-diabetic individuals. Grounded in the integrated people-centered care concept and recent behavior change theories, researchers developed a peer-coaching program led by health professionals. Methods: The program was implemented across primary care settings in four districts, representing four regions of Thailand. A total of 423 pre-diabetic patients were enrolled in the experimental group, while 443 were assigned to the control group. Participants in the experimental group engaged in five behavior change activities. To evaluate the program's effectiveness, BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, health behaviors, and blood glucose levels were measured pre- and post-activity. Satisfaction and perspectives were collected from healthcare professionals and patients using quantitative and qualitative methods. Program delivery costs were assessed, and a cost-benefit analysis was conducted. Results: A 97.2% attendance rate was recorded for the experimental group, who demonstrated statistically significant reductions in BMI, waist circumference, blood glucose levels, and diabetes risk scores compared to the control group. The 10-year diabetes risk score for the experimental group decreased by 12.65% after attending the program. The benefit-cost ratio was 2.96, indicating the program's value. High satisfaction levels were reported among both healthcare professionals and patients. Discussion and conclusion: The behavior change program designed for pre-diabetic patients, emphasizing people-centered care and modern behavior change concepts, proved effective and worthwhile for primary care settings. After minor revisions, the diabetes prevention program package should be included in benefit package of Thailand health insurance schemes to promote its widespread adoption and utilization.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2023 source: HSRI 
title: Economic Evaluation and Budget Impact Analysis of Appropriate Pharmacogenetics Testing in Thailand 
abstract:Background: There is a growing variety of pharmacogenetic tests that can be used to predict how someone would respond to different drugs. This will result in increased health care costs, compared to standard treatment without pre-treatment pharmacogenetic testing. However, healthcare resource and budget are limited. Consequently, it is important to prioritize pharmacogenetic testing and select pharmacogenetic testing in Thailand in order to be suitable to the Thai context and can be used for economic evaluation in the future. Objectives: This study aimed to prioritize and select pharmacogenetic testing in Thailand, perform economic evolution of selected pharmacogenetic testing, and 3) evaluate budget impact of pharmacogenomics testing, if included in the benefit package under the Universal Health Coverage (UHC). Methods: Prioritization and selection method for drug-related pharmacogenetic tests (gene-drug pairs) that are important in the Thai population were used to select pharmacogenetic testing for evaluating their cost-effectiveness through reviewing the literatures and recommendations from pharmacogenetic experts to be used as scoring criteria and selection. Apart from this, the cost-utility and budget impact analyses of HLA-B*13:01 testing before initiation of co-trimoxazole treatment to prevent DRESS and dapsone treatment to avoid SCAR compared to no testing were undertaken using a decision tree and Markov model. Results: From the prioritization of gene-drug pairs according to the prioritization criteria, in HLAs group, it was found that gene-drug HLA-B*15:02–phenytoin, HLA-B*57:01-abacavir, HLA-B*13:01-co-trimoxazole and HLA-B*13:01-dapsone should be considered for economic evaluation in Thailand. In non-HLA group, gene-drug CYP2B6- efavirenz, SLCO1B1-simvastatin และ NAT2-ethambutol, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, rifampin should be selected as a candidate for economic evaluation in Thailand. Results of economic evaluation showed that HLA-B*13:01 testing before initiation of co-trimoxazole treatment to prevent DRESS and dapsone treatment to avoid SCAR was not cost-effective, compared with the group without pharmacogenetic testing. The provision of HLA-B*13:01 testing resulted in the budget impact of 2,246,000 baht per year. Conclusions: The results of the study of the prioritization of gene-drug pairs can be used to consider the selection of gene-drug pairs for future economic evaluation in Thailand. HLA-B*13:01 testing prior to initiation of co-trimoxazole and dapsone was not cost-effective and therefore is not proposed to be included in the UHC Benefit Package.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2023 source: HSRI 
title: Comprehensive Treatment and Rehabilitation Model Development of Adolescence’s Drug and Substance Abuse at Provincial Level 
abstract:The prevalence of substance use among adolescents has been increasing and found in lower age, twelve years. It creates impacts on their health and future lives, as well as society at large. In Thailand, although there are laws and policies that supportive for problems solving but the implementation has been rather inefficient. Petchaboon province has actively put these policies into practice using integrative and collaborative concepts among all stakeholders since 2015. A community-based approach has been used particularly with school settings. However, it cannot mitigate the problems in terms of magnitude and access to treatment and rehabilitation services. This study aimed at developing a comprehensive treatment and rehabilitation model of adolescents’ drug and substance abuse at a provincial level which enhances access to care and improves retention until outcomes achievement. Community-based participatory action research approach was employed using both qualitative and quantitative data. The review of related literature and policy context, as well as an analysis of situation about drug use and access to treatment and rehabilitation of school adolescents in Petchaboon province were conducted. The participatory action case studies of community-based model were done in nine subdistrict units (Tumbol) and four school-based sites. All action sites were under supervised by the Family Medicine Unit of Petchaboon hospital. It was found that both community-based and school-based comprehensive treatment and rehabilitation model for school adolescents who use drug could be codesigned and operated by using interventions included a Low-intensity Cognitive behavioral therapy, (Li-CBT) and Motivational Interviewing (MI). The mechanism of changes at individual level could be explained while at a system level might need for further study in term of improving access and retention. It also suggested that school-based psychosocial therapy model would be an opportunity to bring in school students to actively participate as peers.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2023 source: HSRI 
title: COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness in Thailand: a Real World Study (2nd Year) 
abstract:We conducted a test negative case control study to assess the Vaccine Effectiveness (VE) of various vaccine regimens for preventing COVID-19 infection and its severity during the period when Omicron was the dominant causative virus in Thailand. All 8,600 individuals, aged ≥5 years, at risk for COVID-19 (Patient Under Investigation, PUI) who presented for nasopharyngeal real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing were prospectively enrolled at Thammasat University hospital during January to June 2022. There were 3,546 cases who were infected. For preventing omicron variant associated infections, the VE increased along with the increase in the number of vaccine dose and the four dose regimen (2 boosters) had the highest but only moderate VE. For preventing severity, the three and four dose regimens (1 and 2 boosters) had comparable high VE and their effectiveness was more durable than the two dose regimens. Significant protective factors to prevent infection were vaccine doses, female and healthcare personnel. Significant risk of infection included elderly, at least one chronic morbidity and household infection. Significant risk of severe COVID-19 was incomplete two dose vaccination, at least one chronic morbidity and elderly. Longcovid condition was prevalent after 6 months of COVID-19. It consisted of multi system symptoms. Weakness and neurological symptoms were the most common manifestations. Risk factors of longcovid condition were female, cough symptom at acute infection and severe COVID-19. Based on the study findings, current mass vaccination programs should focus on reducing COVID-19 severity and mandate at least one booster dose after primary series vaccines. The heterologous boosters with viral vector and mRNA vaccines were highly effective and can be used in individuals who had previously received the primary series of inactivated viral vaccine.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2023 source: HSRI 
title: Digital Health Governance Model: Recommendation for Thailand Health Systems 
abstract:Background: Digital health governance was identified as an essential foundation for establishing e-health in Thailand by the Ministry of Public Health (MOPH) and World Health Organization (WHO) Thailand since 2010. Despite many health information systems and digital health developments, there is still no consensus amongst stakeholders on national digital health governance mechanism. Objective: This study aimed to identify appropriate digital health governance mechanism for Thailand health systems. Methodology: There were two parts to the study. First, we reviewed literature including digital health governance and health systems from international reports and various digital health governance documents from Malaysia, the Philippines, Australia, England, the USA, and Canada. Second, a qualitative study design was used involving a semi-structured in-depth interview method. Eleven health information technology scholars, executives, and startup entrepreneurs were interviewed face to face or online. Result: The review on digital health governance in the six countries showed the influences of political systems, culture, and health systems leading to diverse implementation models. In-depth interviews employed the governance models of the Broadband Commission 1) the health ministry mechanism, 2) a government-wide digital agency mechanism, and 3) a dedicated digital health agency mechanism. Majority of key informants agreed with the dedicated digital health agency mechanism. More than two-thirds made pertinent suggestions: 1) leaders should be decisive in their decision-making with continuity of leadership, 2) strong collaborations to reduce working in silos, and 3) proper health information standards. Conclusion: In the context of Thailand, the MOPH alone cannot govern digital health. However, the MOPH can lead governance mechanism through collaborating with other ministries and stakeholders. Good collaborative governance is the key to an effective digital health governance system, with decisive leaders and continuity of leadership. The preferred model is the dedicated digital health agency mechanism and health information standards are crucial.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2023 source: HSRI 
title: Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccine Three Doses in Mortality Reduction among COVID-19 Infected Elderly in Samut Prakan Province 
abstract:This study retrospectively investigated the effectiveness of the vaccine in real-life situations. The objective focused on the reduction in deaths of elderly people infected with COVID-19 who received the complete 3-dose COVID-19 vaccine compared to those who did not. Data were collected from the electronic database of the Samut Prakan Provincial Health Office, linked to the Ministry of Public Health’s database on vaccination. Data were collected retrospectively from January 1, 2022 to March 31, 2022. Result: The study found that there were 5,891 COVID-19 elderly individuals resulting in 56 deaths. Of those 2,236 patients who received the complete 3-dose vaccine faced 5 deaths, while 3,655 who did not face 51 deaths; odds ratio of 0.16 (95% CI = 0.06-0.40) or an 84% reduction in mortality (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Elderly individuals who received the complete 3-dose vaccine had a reduced risk of mortality if contracted COVID-19 in real-life situations. Therefore, the results should be disseminated to encourage complete 3-dose COVID-19 vaccine in elderly individuals.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2023 source: HSRI 
title: Projection of Premature Mortality from Noncommunicable Diseases in Thailand: 2000-2030 
abstract:This study aimed to assess the situation of premature mortality due to four noncommunicable diseases (cardiovascular diseases, cancers, diabetes, and chronic respiratory diseases) between 2000-2018 in the Thai population aged 30 to 70 years, and the feasibility of achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of reducing premature death by one-third by 2030. We estimated premature mortality using civil registration and vital statistics (CRVS) from the Bureau of Registration Administration with cause of death coded by the Strategy and Policy Division. Verbal autopsy data were applied to improve accuracy of causes of death from the vital registry. We predicted the premature mortality up to 2030 using Bayesian model averaging (BMA). The findings showed that given the current historical trend, achievement of the SDG target of 9.9% by 2030 was unlikely, as we predicted it to be 12.0% (95%CI, 10.6-3.6). However, this goal is more likely to be achievable in women than men. Among the four NCDs, respiratory diseases are most likely to reach the target.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2023 source: HSRI 
title: Monitoring and Restriction System on Food and Beverage Marketing in Thailand and Selected Countries: Gap, Weakness, and Opportunity for Development 
abstract:A monitoring system of food and beverage marketing plays a crucial role in tracking progress in the marketing of food industry particularly the marketing of unhealthy food and beverage. The objective of this study was to review the existing monitoring system of food and beverage marketing in Thailand and foreign countries, and to analyze the gaps and opportunities for improving the monitoring system of food and beverage marketing in Thailand. Document review and in-depth interviews with the stakeholders were conducted. Searches were performed through PubMed, Google Scholar, websites of international organizations (such as UNICEF) and relevant organizations in Thailand, selected country databases such as Chile, Republic of Korea, and Australia from 2007 to 2021-timeframe. Purposive sampling was used to identify key informants from government agencies, academia, and civil societies for interviews. Content analysis by using the World Health Organization’s set of recommendations on marketing of foods and non-alcoholic beverages to children was performed on the data from stakeholder interviews and document reviews. Results showed that Thailand, Chile, and the Republic of Korea had government agencies responsible for monitoring the marketing of food and beverage. While the governments of Thailand and Chile cooperated with relevant agencies to monitor the marketing of food and beverage, Australia was active in co-regulation between government and private sectors to monitor food and beverage marketing in collaboration with active civil society sector. Key challenges for Thailand included lack of human resource, outcomes monitoring, and progress report on complaint management. Opportunities for improvement included technology utilization, collaboration and information sharing with relevant agencies and civil society.