plueme/wizJson huggingface dataset:
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2022 source: HSRI 
title: Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacokinetic Study of Mycophenolic Acid and Its Metabolite 
abstract:Mycophenolic acid (MPA) is an immunosuppressant medication used to prevent rejection following organ transplantation and is under investigation for its efficacy against osteosarcoma. We investigated the genetic variability of whole-exome sequencing (WES) data from osteosarcoma patients and healthy volunteers who receive mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), a prodrug of MPA. Using the whole-exome sequencing (WES), we found 95 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in osteosarcoma patients and 118 SNPs in healthy volunteers based on the list of genes related to MPA and its metabolite (MPAG) metabolism. For osteosarcoma patients, variants located in the gene UGT1A8, SLCO1B3, IMPDH1, ABCC3, UGT1A6, and UGT1A7 were related to some pharmacokinetic parameters of MPA and MPAG. For healthy volunteers, variants located in the gene SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1, and CYP2C8 were found to be in relation to some pharmacokinetic parameters of MPA and MPAG. In addition, we examined the effects of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) on gut microbiota and the pharmacokinetics of MPA and MPAG when co-administered with MMF in healthy volunteers. The results have shown that TMP-SMX could alter the structure of the gut bacterial community. TMP-SMX treatment significantly decreased the relative abundance of genus Bacteroides, a major group of β-glucuronidase-producing bacteria in the gut. Moreover, concomitant administration of TMP-SMX with MMF also significantly reduced the area under the concentration-time curve from time 0 extrapolated to infinite time (AUC0-∞) of MPA. These results imply that TMP-SMX may interfere with the enterohepatic recirculation of MPA by decreasing gut bacterial β-glucuronidase enzymes that are responsible for regenerating MPA from its glucuronide metabolite MPAG, resulting in the reduction of MPA exposure.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2022 source: HSRI 
title: Development of Systems and Mechanisms for Management of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Crisis, Ubon Ratchathani Province 
abstract:This action research aims to develop systems and mechanisms for managing the coronavirus disease 2019 crisis in Ubon Ratchathani Province of district and sub-district departments. A tool used as a guideline for questions in group discussions. Data were analyzed using frequency, a percentage for quantitative data, and content analysis for qualitative data. The results revealed that district and sub-district departments established the cooperation system with guidelines. There are clear guidelines in the disease control manual. Infectious waste was properly management. There is a budget plan for the municipality and the sub-district administrative organization to prepare for disease control in the next year. It planned to use the budget from the Community Health Security Fund to be sufficient for disease control in the sub-district. Kham Krang sub-district created a local health Charter to strengthen the operation, as well as be ready to prepare for the crisis from another infectious disease. The results of this study can be used as a model for budget support from local government organizations, causing the preparation of budgets for disease control by including packaged in the strategic plan and supported by Community Health Security Fund. It can measure the success of the budget administration. They use information and information for learning, assessing, and improving the process of disbursing the fund budget to support the control and prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 continuously and sustainably.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2022 source: HSRI 
title: Integrated Community-Based Care for Dependent Older People Community Participation in Preparation for Recurrent Outbreaks of COVID-19 
abstract:Older people with dependency are those who have limitations in daily activities. It affects physical and mental ability, social participation, and the need for help caring for the family and the community. Descriptive research aims to study the context of integrated care for the dependent older people with community participation by community participation in preparation for the re-epidemic of the coronavirus disease 2019. In addition, develop policy proposals for integrated care for the older people with dependency on community participation in preparation for the re-emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019. They have selected random samples from 6 provinces across the country. According to the inclusion criteria, 440 households of primary caregivers assessed the functioning ability of the older people, primary caregivers, and 440 families involved in older people's care. There were 154 community dependencies. Data were collected from the tools tested for the content quality of the research tools. From 3 qualified health experts, the content accuracy was 0.91, and the confidence value (Reliability) Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.69. There were both quantitative and qualitative. The study results were based on the principle of "Trust, Stay at home, Keep distance" and perceptions of COVID-19, impacts, problems, obstacles, and the need for care. Results In terms of quality, there are four preventive principles in mind: "Trust, Self Care, Stay at Home, Keep Distance" and guidelines for preventing COVID-19 at the family level. The gathering data is expected to form the information for planning, operating, and organizing training to provide knowledge and training in caregiving skills. It refers to preparing guidelines for caring for the dependent older people with dependency conditions in the personnel health, social workers, local government organizations, and related agencies.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2022 source: HSRI 
title: Development of an Emulsifying Gel-Based Quorum Sensing Molecules, Tryptophol, as a Prototype for Combination Therapy Against   Infections of Scedosporium spp. and Common Drug-Resistant Fungal Pathogens 
abstract:Fungal pathogens in humans have now been increasingly reported worldwide. In addition, the most common pathogenic fungi that are resistant to standard antifungal agents, particularly azole group, are Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Scedosporium spp., causing the need to develop various antifungal drugs and pharmaceutical products to co-treat such infections. Several active antifungal compounds are obtained from medicinal plants and fungal metabolites known as fungal quorum-sensing molecules, which have been shown to inhibit the growth of another fungal species. One of the fungal quorum-sensing molecules is tryptophol. This study aimed to develop a topical product as tryptophol-containing emulgel for inhibiting the growth of Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Scedosporium species complex as Scedosporium apiospermum, which is the most reported cases of infections and deaths. The preliminary results showed the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of tryptophol against three fungal species were 0.5, 1, and 2.5 mM, respectively, while the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) was 3, 6, and 6 mM, respectively. Tryptophol at the concentration of 6mM, which was the maximum inhibitory effect of the three fungal concentrations, was not found to induce toxicity in the fibroblast (HFF-1) cells and had no effect on the life cycle of the Caenorhabditis elegans worms. The results from the laboratory have led to the development of a prototype topical product as tryptophol-containing emulgel at a concentration of 6 mM. When examining the cosmeceutical properties, it was found that the properties were good according to the cosmeceutical standards. It is also stable in both accelerated testing and at room temperature. Tryptophol-containing emulgel was used to reduce the size of eumycetoma from S. apiospermum infection in rats with a significant reduction in the eumycetoma size after at least 14 days of treatment. Moreover, the prototype product had no stimulant effect in rats when tested histologically (40/40 animals), consistent with the results obtained in human volunteers, with no cream-induced irritation using closed patch test for 96 hours in 30/30 volunteers. The results showed that tryptophol-containing emulgel at a concentration of 6 mM was able to reduce the number of pathogenic fungi in humans Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus (in vitro study), as well as to reduce eumycetoma size caused by S. apiospermum infections. Moreover, tryptophol-containing emulgel did not cause irritation in rats and in human volunteers. These laboratory results can be used as the basis knowledge for further application in clinical studies for the acquisition of co-treatments to treat mycoses or other skin pathogens.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2022 source: HSRI 
title: Multicenter Registry of Patients with Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions (SCARs) to Drugs in Thailand (Year 2) 
abstract:One-hundred-five patients diagnosed with drug-induced severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) were recruited for this study. The results demonstrated that Steven-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) and drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptom (DRESS) were caused by similar culprit drug groups, which were different from acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP). SJS/TEN phenotype, advanced age, high neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and systemic infections independently increased the risk of in-hospital mortality. The application of NLR to predict mortality in SCARs should be reconfirmed in a large-scale study. The combined measurement of drug-induced IFN-gamma (IFN-γ), granzyme B and IL-22 releasing cells could confirm the causative drugs in 77.8% of SCAR subjects, while α-GalCer supplementation significantly increased the frequencies of drug-induced IFN-γ releasing cells. The appropriate in vitro test panel yields optimal diagnostic values, and cost-effectiveness should be determined. Although SJS/TEN and DRESS are caused by similar drug groups, clinical manifestations and long-term prognosis are clearly different. Our study suggested that keratinocyte death observed in SJS/TEN was partly due to drug-specific exosomes released from peripheral blood mononuclear cells upon stimulation with the culprit drugs in SJS/TEN, but not in DRESS. Five exosomal microsomal RNAs (miRNA-486-5p, miRNA-183-5p, miRNA-96-5p, miRNA-132-3p and miRNA4488) were confirmed statistically different between SJS/TEN and DRESS by microRNA sequencing. The regulatory roles of these exosomal miRNAs on keratinocyte death in SJS/TEN and might be used as the therapeutic roles of exosome inhibitors to prevent SJS/TEN progression warrant further study. The different fates of regulatory T cells (Treg) were observed between SJS/TEN and DRESS patients. While Treg functions in DRESS were stimulated during the acute drug allergic phase, the regulatory/suppressive functions of Tregs in DRESS were subsequently diminished compared to SJS/TEN when followed up during the recovery phase. According to the comparative analyses of Treg mRNA profiles during the acute drug allergic phase, genes regulating T cell differentiation and genes regulating interleukin-10 production were found downregulated in DRESS patients who developed autoimmune consequences compared to healthy individuals and might be used as prognostic factors for long-term complications in DRESS subjects.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2022 source: HSRI 
title: Determination of Research Direction/Questions to Inform the Introduction of the National Drug System Development Strategy 
abstract:Rationale: Founded in 2009, HSRI’s Drug System Research Program has been operated as research granter and manager. In response to continual changes in Thailand’s drug system and its environment, it is necessary to revise the research direction and also enhance the Program’s management capability. Objectives: 1) to propose research direction and questions those help strengthen the Thai drug system; 2) to conduct a review of HSRI’s Drug System Research Program since its establishment in 2009; and 3) to make recommendations to the HSRI concerning drug system research management over the next five years. Methods: This study was conducted during November 2021 to June 2022. Qualitative approaches, namely document analysis, in-depth interview, and focus group discussion were involved. Results: 1. Research direction for Thailand’s drug system: over the next five years, priority should be given to research in six areas: 1) Governance of the drug system, 2) ‘pharmaceutical management and care’ to catch up the transforming health service delivery, 3) Medication literacy, 4) Roles of civil society in drug policy development and implementation, 5) Drug system and disasters /public health emergency, and 6) Development of drug industry for the country’s self reliance. 2. Review of HSRI’s Drug System Research Program: The Program’s focus was on research management at the program and organization level, without formal mechanism to gather and prioritize research questions from policymakers and stakeholders. A framework for drug system research was set annually, but some elements were left without submission from researchers. Most of the research grants were given to address the issue of rational drug use and antimicrobial resistance. Additionally, different tactics were employed in order to encourage research utilization. 3. Recommendations for drug system research management: over the next five years, HSRI should pay attention to managing drug system research at country level. The following actions should be taken: 1) Enhancing the capability of research managers, 2) Learning from past experiences of HSRI and other organizations, 3) Setting a clear definition and scope of “drug system research”, 4) Analysing the landscape of the country’s drug system research, and 5) Building drug system research capacity. Conclusion: The landscape of drug system research in Thailand is complex, as different groups of actors have a role in evidence generation and utilization. This means that national research strategy and effective governance mechanism are required, in order to pursue not only policy-relevant research with high quality, but also efficient use of resources.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2022 source: HSRI 
title: Database for Common Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in Non Communicable Diseases 
abstract:Genomics Thailand Project: Database for Common Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in Non Communicable Diseases (NCD) is a project to study NCD patients. In the first year, 1,800 samples were received from 4 projects as follows. 1) Genetic Study in patients with high risk for cardiovascular events compared to controls, 849 samples, by Prof.Dr. Rungroj Krittayaphong and researcher team (NCD_01). 2) Association of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus related SNP genotypes, 640 samples, by Assoc.Prof. Somlak Chuengsamarn and researcher team (NCD_02). 3) Advanced clinical phenotyping and genotyping of Thai patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) for clinical application, 73 samples, by Prof.Dr. Weerapan Khovidhunkit and researcher team (NCD_05). 4) Genetic variation study of obesity in Thai patients: To develop a polygenic risk score for clinical risk assessment and personalized medicinal treatment, 238 samples, by Dr. Chartchai Chaichana (NCD_06). SNP genotyping was performed using a chip-based microarray technique on an East Asian-specific platform known as the Asian Screening Array (ASA). This is based on information in the Asian genetic database, which includes data from ethnic groups in Southeast Asia. Quality control of 659,184 SNP genotypes (SNP QC) by the GenomeStudio Software analysis program found that 1,760 samples had a call rate > 98%, (less than 2% missing data). Another 40 samples had a call rate < 98% (more than 2% missing data) and will not be analyzed further. Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) testing of 657,060 SNP genotypes from 4 NCD research projects found that most of them had a P-value of 1, which means there were no differences in the population, and that the population is in equilibrium. This study includes examples of NCDs in the Thai population and allele frequencies of genes associated with each disease. Genes with different reported allele frequencies in hypercholesterolemia include GIPR, FAM60A, CAMK1D, HERC4, RRP12, HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB5, and QPCTL genes (P-value < 5.0E−8). The MOV10, SLC4A7, MECOM, SLC39A8, GUCY1A3 and GUCY1B3 genes are associated with hypertension (P-value < 5.0E−8). These preliminary analyses of each group of NCD patients have provided insights into genetic aspects of the diseases. Genetic factors should be analysed in combination with physiological, environmental, and behavioural characteristics of patients. These data will be analysed separately for each research project. Knowledge gained will facilitate further studies into the effective diagnosis, prevention, control, and treatment of non-communicable diseases in Thailand.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2022 source: HSRI 
title: Integrated School-Based Program to Improve Reading Ability and Its Cost-Effectiveness for Screening and Managing Children at Risk of Dyslexia (Third Year) 
abstract:This third year research project has the main objective to compare the outcomes of treatment for at-risk of dyslexia children between the supplementary teaching group and the control group, after two years of small group reinforcement teaching with 42 and 77 high-risk students in the supplementary and control group schools entering the experiment in the second year. Teaching for a total of 24 weeks during the 3rd grade has been adjusted for in accordance with the situation of the COVID-19 epidemic. Unfortunately, the school was closed for onsite teaching in the 4th grade level. However, the students was followed up to test reading ability and to measure learning achievement in reading with the WRAT tool at the fifth grade level, with the children in the supplementary group and the control group of 32 and 58 people, respectively. For students in research projects who are not at risk group, the remaining 621 students were monitored for reading ability of elementary school children from grade 1 to grade 5. Reading abilities of not-at risk of dyslexia pupils develop at a faster rate than those of at risk of dyslexia pupils. The result of the reading test when in the fifth grade showed that the children in the at-risk group who received supplemental teaching had higher scores on reading and basic reading skills in almost all areas than the children in the control group, but not reach statistically significance. Learning achievement in reading from the WRAT test showed that 68% of the children in the supplementary teaching group and 58 percent of the children in the control group had a reading domain not lower than the standard value for more than 2 classes as there was a mild reading problem. However, the results showed that more than 90 percent of children from both groups had an achievement of writing domain less than the standard for more than two classes. In addition, reading test scores were highly correlated with WRAT scores. So, scores from the Reading Test at Grade 2 and 5 can be used to help determine the severity of the reading disability.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2022 source: HSRI 
title: Thai Liver and Bile Duct Cancer Organoid Bank and Comprehensive Genetic/Drug Response Database for Biomarkers Discovery and Development of Personalized Treatment 
abstract:Primary liver cancers, including both hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), is an important cause of cancer-related deaths in Thailand and worldwide due to ineffectiveness of current available treatments. The recently developed organoid technology, which allows long-term culture of patient-derived liver cancer cells in 3D while maintaining morphology, expression pattern, and the genetic heterogeneity of the original tumors, has been shown to be powerful research tool for the discovery of biomarkers and therapeutic drugs for various cancers. In this study we successfully established 31 cancer organoids line from Thai patients with CCA and HCC, and characterized in detail these organoids with whole exome sequencing, whole transcriptomics study, single-cell RNA sequencing and pharmacophenotyping with various anticancer drugs. Our data shows patient specific response in CCA organoids and supports the usage of personalized treatment strategy for CCA. Moreover, we identified new potential biomarkers and novel compounds that can be applied to CCA management. One of the candidates for CCA drugs showed promising result in 3/3 PDX models tested. For HCC, although there is high heterogeneity among patients’ sample and limited drug response to standard drugs used in HCC management, we identified new subpopulation of HCC with high stemness, unique immunogenic profiles, and treatment response which may become interesting candidate for developing new treatment option for HCC. Overall, we successfully generate database and important tools for future development of new treatment for Thai patient with liver cancer.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2022 source: HSRI 
title: The Integration of GIS into a Health Information System for Policy Development and Management of Migrant Health: A Case Study During COVID-19 Pandemic Situation in the 6th Health Region of Thailand 
abstract:This project developed the database system for health service management and health status of migrant workers in Health region number 6th of Thailand. The database was developed from public health folder of 43 health databases from the Ministry of Public Health's health information system. The result presents the information through a dashboard which can be accessed through a web browser (http://www.r6-health.info). The display consists of 5 main categories; site of health care center, time to access to health care center, demographics of migrant workers, spatial data of disease distribution, and data of COVID-19. Dashboard is friendly to user and easily for understanding. Example, a case study of COVID-19 situation, found that the prevention measures implemented by the Ministry of Public Health were able to control the outbreak of COVID-19 in the first and second wave of outbreaks. In addition, the developed database may use to show the location of medical facilities and distance to hospital which can be used for further planning of health services. There are still problems on data input to the system. Ministry of Public Health should pay attention on data input process to improve the accuracy of the dashboard.