plueme/wizJson huggingface dataset:
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2021 source: HSRI 
title: Survey of public perspectives toward population adherence to COVID-19 mitigation policy following the outbreak in the first half of 2021 
abstract:Background The Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic was emerged in 2020 and continue to third wave in 2021. Social measures and personal preventive measures were rolled out, which includes COVID-19 vaccine allocation and distribution strategy. This study aims to assess public adherence to personal preventive measures and perception of COVID-19 vaccine. The findings will further communicate and translate into policy recommendations.
Methodology Online survey was performed by Google Forms service and communicate through the village health volunteers channel throughout the country. Sampling method was the convenient sampling. Questionnaires were adjusted around every two week throughout the survey period from 15 February to 15 August 2021, with the total of 12 questionnaires sets. The analysis was performed by STATA software.
Results Total 422,479 respondents were included in this survey and around 79.4% was female with an average age of 46 years old. Majority of the respondents were graduated in high school or lower level (80%) and were in the argricultural field (38%). Respondents were euqlly distributed in all health regions. Wearing face mask was the highest compliance behaviour, while avoid touching face, nose, eyes and mouth received the least compliance. Overall personal protective behaviours were still high of around 91.1% in the 1-15 August 2021 survey period. In the latest survey period found that vaccine acceptance in the 15-59 years old was higher than the 60 years old and above group of 73.0% and 61.0%, respectively. Correlation analysis revealed positive correlation between higher risk perception and vaccine willingness of adjusted OR 3.45 (95% CI 3.38-3.53, p value < 0.001). Infodemic data revealed that public still misperceive about vaccine management system and some may still misunderstood about vaccine effectiveness. However, around 70% of the respondents reported that information from media has no effect on their decisions.
Conclusion The public still compliant with personal protective behaviours, especially when the epidemic has not subside. Willingness to vaccinate was influent by media at some level, however, the most affected factor was own risk perception. Therefore, the government shall monitor and control the infodemic situation and establish vaccine literacy with social measures concurrently
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2021 source: HSRI 
title: Development of Stroke Clinical Practice Guideline for Physician and Healthcare Team in Healthcare area 7 in Web Applications form 
abstract:Background and Rationale: Acute ischemic stroke is a major public health problem in Thailand. Treatment decisions are based on the national clinical practice guideline (CPG). However, the guidelines are in the form of publications or pdf files, generating several barriers to implementation. Adopting clinical decision support (CDS) technology will increase practice effectiveness. This study intends to develop web application-based stroke guideline for physicians and teams in health care area 7. Methodology: Health professional team from health care area 7 convene for a discussion. We determine clinical practice gaps based on Thai CPG, develop a web application, evaluate user satisfaction, and track key performance indicators (KPI) after using the web application. The project has a one-year operating period. Results: This study structures guideline suggestions and converts evidence synthesis into executable knowledge for web applications via a multilayer framework (https://strokenetwork.kku.ac.th). The National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) is used to classify stroke subtypes. It is a clinical decision support (CDS) tool that assists physicians in making treatment decisions. CPG was separated according to the hospital's potential level. A list of hospitals consists of details necessary to assist physicians in planning patient referrals. The satisfaction of the health care teams was assessed. The CPG for health care area 7 in web application is appropriate: 40% strongly suitable, 60% suitable. NIHSS assessment are appropriate: 40% strongly suitable, 53% suitable. Easy to understand and convenient to use: 20% strongly agree, 40% agree. Web application will benefit actual clinical practice: 13% strongly agree, 73% agree. The KPI for stroke patient treatment at Srinagarind hospital demonstrated that specific indicators have potentially improved after the web application's implementation: increase of stroke fast track notification rate, increased rate of receiving intravenous thrombolytics, decreased rate of intracerebral hemorrhage with death post intravenous thrombolytics, shorter duration of receiving intravenous thrombolytics, increase proportion of patient with improved outcome, and decreased time of hospitalization. Conclusion and discussion: We demonstrate how to develop web application for physicians and healthcare teams. The web application guideline was appropriate, simple to understand, and easy to use. There are numerous potentially improved KPI. Web apps should benefit health care teams and have ability to improve in the future.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2022 source: HSRI 
title: Economic Evaluation of BRCA1/BRCA2 Genetic Testing in Patient with Breast and Ovarian Cancer in Thai Context 
abstract:Background: Breast and ovarian cancers are common cancers in female. In Thailand, breast cancer is the most common type of cancer and ovarian cancer is identified at 6th rank in female. BRCA1/BRCA2 are the most common types of hereditary cancer. The prognosis of woman who inherited mutations in the BRCA1/BRCA2 genes could be predicted; as the group with high risk of developing breast cancer (80%) and ovarian cancer (15-40%) in their life time. The detection of germline BRCA1/BRCA2 could lend the opportunity for offering choices of prophylactic treatments. Moreover, recent advance in development of technique for detecting BRCA1/BRCA2 with a lower price raises the question whether this intervention is affordable at the national level in Thai context. Method: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the cost-utility of testing for BRCA1/BRCA2 followed by preventive interventions compared to no genetic test in both high-risk breast cancer patients and their first-degree relatives and to estimate government budget impact using an economic model. A Markov model was used to estimate relevant costs and health outcomes using a lifetime horizon from the societal perspective for Thai healthcare system. Direct medical and non-medical costs were included. Health outcome was quality adjusted life years (QALYs). The results were presented as incremental cost effectiveness ratio (ICER) in Thai baht per QALY gained. One-way sensitivity and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to investigate effects of model variable uncertainties on the results. Results: The results of this study showed that genetic testing for BRCA1/BRCA2 in high-risk breast cancer patients who should be screened for the BRCA1/BRCA2 gene mutations followed by preventive intervention was cost-effectiveness when compare with no genetic testing. The ICER of this intervention was 18,591 Baht/QALY gained which accounted as cost effective based on current willingness to pay (WTP) threshold in Thailand (160,000 Baht/QALY gained). Moreover, offering genetic testing in first-degree relatives of patients with BRCA1/BRCA2 gene mutations was found to be dominant and a cost-saving option compared to no genetic testing. The estimated five years budget impact is approximately 1,011 million Thai baht at BRCA1/BRCA2 testing cost of 21,340 baht. Policy recommendation: The results of this study suggested that providing BRCA1/BRCA2 genetic testing in high-risk breast cancer patients who should be screened for the BRCA1/BRCA2 gene mutations and first-degree relatives of patients with BRCA1/BRCA2 gene mutations detected should include in the National benefit package in Thailand.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2022 source: HSRI 
title: Advanced clinical phenotyping of Thai patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) 
abstract:Background and Objectives: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is the most common genetic cause of cardiovascular disease. This study was aimed to 1) compare Achilles tendon thickness and characteristics using skin calipers, plain radiograph of lateral heels and ultrasonography in 63 FH patients (diagnosed using the Dutch Lipid Clinic Network [DLCN] score above 3 [possible, probable or definite FH]), 58 non-FH patients with elevated LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) >130 mg/dL and 55 subjects with LDL-C below 130 mg/dL and determine the cutoff values with the highest diagnostic accuracy for FH diagnosis among Thai patients. 2) compare the coronary calcium score (CAC) and aortic valve calcium (AoVC) score using computed tomography in 62 FH patients and 58 non-FH patients Results: 1) Skinfold calipers demonstrated 61% accuracy for diagnosing FH. An anteroposterior (AP) diameter on plain radiographs ≥7.7 mm showed 75% sensitivity, 82% specificity, and 80% accuracy whereas ultrasonographic thickness ≥6.4 mm showed 46% sensitivity, 93% specificity and 76% accuracy and tendon area ≥78 mm2 showed 47% sensitivity, 93% specificity and 77% accuracy. Tendon border irregularities, diffuse hypoechogenicity and calcification were reported in a higher percentage of patients with FH compared with the other 2 groups. 2) FH participants had a nonsignificantly higher CAC score than that of non-FH participants (56.90 AU (0-2,370.5 AU) vs. 26.65 AU (0-512 AU), P = 0.105) with a higher proportion of patients who had a CAC score >0 AU (50.0% vs. 36.2%, P = 0.476). In addition, the FH group also had a greater proportion of subjects who had an AoVC score >0 AU (16.1% vs. 1.7%, P = 0.006). The CAC score of all participants was strongly correlated with age, total LDL-C burden, Achilles tendon thickness and a Thai CV risk score (R = 0.530, 0.364, 0.293 and 0. 528 respectively, P <0.005). Age, Achilles tendon thickness and statin use were significantly associated with CAC >0 AU (OR 14.30 for age >56 years, P = 0.002, OR 11.91, P = 0.005 and OR 5.91, P = 0.007, respectively) Conclusions: 1) Achilles tendon thickness measured by calipers showed low accuracy for diagnosis of FH. An AP diameter on plain radiographs demonstrated highest sensitivity and accuracy, whereas ultrasonographic thickness and area of Achilles tendon showed high specificity. Tendon irregularities, diffuse hypoechogenicity and calcification might serve as supportive findings. These findings may be helpful for the diagnostic criteria for FH in Thailand. 2) FH patients exhibited nonsignificantly higher CAC score than that of non-FH subjects, but the proportion of patients with AoVC >0 was significantly higher. Age, Achilles tendon thickness and statin use were associated with the CAC score >0 in all patients. These findings may be useful in tailoring treatment based on an individual risk of a particular subject.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2021 source: HSRI 
title: COVID-19 among healthcare workers in Thailand 
abstract:COVID-19 is a pandemic disease. Healthcare workers (HCWs) have a high risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, the information of HCWs with COVID-19 in Thailand is still limited. The objective of the study was to evaluate rate and risk factors of COVID-19 among HCWs in Thailand. Methods: The prospective cohort study was conducted at the tertiary care hospitals in Thailand from May 2020 to May 2021. The study participants were HCWs in Thailand who presented with fever and/or acute respiratory tract symptoms. All of them were tested with RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 and their clinical data were collected. Results: There were 1,432 HCWs in this study. Among them, 167 patients were front-line HCWs and 1,265 patients were non-front-line HCWs. Of 60 HCWs with COVID-19, 2 patients were the front-line HCWs, and 58 patients were the non-front-line HCWs. Rate of COVID-19 in all HCWs was 4.2% (60/1,432). Rate of COVID-19 in the front-line HCWs was 1.7% (2/167), whereas rate of COVID-19 in non-front-line HCWs was 4.6% (58/1,265) (p=0.04). In addition, non-front-line HCWs, non-medical staffs, history of contact confirmed COVID-19 case at home/family, unvaccinated status, fair compliance to personal protective equipment (PPE) standard, and initial presentation with pneumonia were significantly more common in HCWs with COVID-19 than those without COVID-19. Front-line HCWs, history of contact confirmed COVID-19 case at the clinical care areas, vaccinated status, good compliance to PPE standard, and initial presentation with upper respiratory infection were significantly more common in HCWs without COVID-19 than those with COVID-19. Conclusions: COVID-19 was more frequently found in the non-front-line HCWs than the front-line HCWs. Thai guidelines of infection prevention and control are effective in preventing SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Therefore, these interventions should be encouraged.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2021 source: HSRI 
title: Efficacy of povidone iodine spray for SARS-CoV-2 eradication in upper respiratory tract of patients with COVID-19: A pilot study 
abstract:The COVID-19 pandemic causes sudden public panic and people take appropriate precautions by wearing masks, physical distancing in public according to new-normal life style. If an antiseptic can exert rapid virucidal effect with prolonged activity on SARS-CoV-2 that accumulate on nasal, buccal and pharyngeal epithelia, it can help prevent the spread of the virus from infected persons to healthy people including medical personnel during resuscitation, treatment or transportation. Numerous existing in vitro data have confirmed that povidone-iodine (PVI) inactivates many common respiratory viruses, including SARS-CoV-2 approximaltely 100 folds in less than one minute of PVI exposure. Povidone-iodine also has good profile for mucosal tolerance in upper aerodigestive tract. Thus, we propose a pilot study to demonstrate its virucidal efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 by the application of topical PVI or diluted solution of PVI to the upper aerodigestive tract in infected patients using the self comparison study design method. The first three serial pilot studies recruited 55 infected patients and illustrated that SARS-CoV-2 could be detected by the RT-PCR in both specimens of nasopharyngeal and throat swabs but the Ct values of throat specimens were usually higher compared to the nasal specimens in the same patient and at the same time of specimen collection. Viable SARS-CoV-2 was detected only from nasopharyngeal specimens with Ct values equal or less than 25 using vero-E6 cells for tissue culture. Viable SARS-CoV-2 cannot be cultured from throat or tongue samples which made oral samples inappropriate for the demonstration of virucidal effect of PVI. The fourth study in 14 patients revealed viable culture was obtained from 12 patients and involved only nasopharyngeal specimens. After 3 minutes of contact time with nasal spray of PVI or 0.4% PVI solution, a median value of 1.1 log reduction of viable viruses (IQR: 0.6-1.7 log reduction) or 90.7% virus reduction (median; IQR: 75.0%-98.0%) were found. After 4 hours of contact, a median value of 0.8 log reduction (IQR: 0.4-1.8 log reduction) or 81.3% virus reduction (IQR: 56.3%-98.4%) were found. The amount of virus reduction after PVI contact and speed of virucidal activity were much less impressive than the results from the in vitro study. In conclusion, we were able to consistently culture viable SARS-CoV-2 in vero-E6 cells only from nasopharyngeal specimens in newly infected patients who had Ct value equal or less than 25 from RT-PCR testing. Viable SARS-CoV-2 can not be cultured from any oropharyngeal samples. Commercial PVI nasal spray or 0.4% PVI solution have minimally, if there is any, virucidal activity in nasal cavities of infected patients after PVI exposure for three minutes and four hours. This level of virucidal activity from the study may not be significant to prevent the spread of COVID-19. The PVI nasal spray and 0.4% PVI solution were very safe, very tolerable without any side effect.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2022 source: HSRI 
title: Health at a Glance Thailand 2020 - 2021 
abstract:The development of economy and society significantly affect to many factors involving national health system including the demographic and population behavior change, the increasing of senior citizen while workforce age is decreasing significantly, the expanding of industry and urbanization, the Inefficient natural resource management causing environment pollution, and the emerging infectious diseases and non-communicable disease causing the increasing of direct and indirect health cost. Consequently, Health system competency evaluation is necessary in formulating effective health policy for Thailand. However, Thailand still does not have an overall health system competency evaluation, while there are only specific aspects health evaluation report such as health systems financing research, health promotion in different age populations and health impact assessment This research is to evaluate overall health system competency by using international organization health impact assessment concept as well as comparing Thailand's health result to other ASEAN countries and the average value of Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) country in health dimensions consist of health status, health risk factor, service access, healthcare quality and health resource. We are hoping that this research would be useful in health policy making level. Health executive boards at every level can manage their health resource and compare results at provincial, regional, national and international levels.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2021 source: HSRI 
title: Seroprevalence, Incidence and Immunological Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Infection among Frontline COVID-19 Healthcare Workers (HCWs) compare with Non-COVID-19 HCWs during the COVID-19 Pandemic at Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok 
abstract:Background: Healthcare workers (HCWs) pose a higher risk of infection caused by SARS-CoV-2, leading to more frequent swab and testing with real-time PCR. Serology test to detect SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the blood is easier and could be useful as part of surveillance. This study aims to determine the prevalence and incidence of infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 by serology testing in frontline HCWs. Methods: This study was prospectively conducted in 360 HCWs (240 frontline and 120 non-frontline HCWs) at Siriraj Hospital between June 2020 and April 2021. Blood samples taken at baseline, 4 weeks, 12 weeks and 48 weeks were tested for qualitative IgG using Pan-IgG [Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2]) and quantitative IgG measured by anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD IgG enzymes-linked immunoassay (ELISA). The cut-off of negative and positive control were 0.64 and 1.60, respectively. The samples positive by anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD IgG were tested with micro-neutralizing assay (NT). Results: Among 360 HCWs, 82.2% were female and the median age was 32.5 years. One participant in non-frontline HCWs had positive rapid IgG test from baseline throughout 48 weeks but negative testing by anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD IgG. With the cut-off determined in the study, two participants in frontline HCWs had positive anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD IgG from baseline throughout 48 weeks and no participants had seroconversion afterward, given the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among frontline HCWs of 0.83% (2/240). One participant in non-frontline HCWs had seroconversion at 12 weeks, given the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among non-frontline HCWs of 0.83% (1/120). Approximately 13-17 participants in frontline and 4-7 participants in non-frontline HCWs had borderline level of anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD IgG. Testing with micro-NT for all samples with positive and borderline anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD IgG showed negative result with the titers less than 1:10. Further study of the cross-reactivity with other human coronavirus is ongoing. Conclusions: The prevalence and incidence of HCWs was extremely low and no difference of infection was found between the frontline and non-frontline HCWs during the limited spread of transmission and well-control of COVID-19 outbreak. Serology testing with different methods may show the discordant result. Further study of the cross-reactivity with other human coronavirus is ongoing
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2022 source: HSRI 
title: Analysis of the effect of COVID-related policies and other information on public behavior for healthcare prevention using mask-wearing data obtained from CCTV and artificial intelligence image analysis 
abstract:Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused immense health and financial loss globally. Prior to mass vaccination, the only way to limit its spread was with standard health precautions, including mask-wearing, hand washing and social distancing. Compliance with these measures vary between countries, depending on the culture, the public awareness and the policies enacted by the government. A higher rate of mask-wearing is thought to be more effective in limiting the spread of the disease and methods of monitoring mask-wearing would be useful for campaigns to increase mask-wearing. Although the mask-wearing rate has been estimated with questionnaires and episodic counting studies, there are very few reports visually documenting the rate of mask wearing sequentially over time. In this study we developed an artificial intelligence (AI) system to analyze images from public CCTV’s to document the rate of mask wearing in Bangkok, Thailand, and correlate the rate with public health policies and COVID-19 events. Methodology: Public CCTV cameras in the Bangkok Metropolitan Area (BMA) were selected in view of their location and camera viewpoints. Every week, 9 hours of video clips from each of these cameras were downloaded and sent for analysis by an AI that had been trained to detect mask-wearing using pictures with and without masks from public databases. Images were divided for analysis into 2 parts, one part containing the mobile population and the other the non-mobile/vendor population. A number of the images was also visually checked for accuracy. The rate of mask-wearing was analyzed and correlated to public health measures and COVID-19 infections. The images of faces without masks were reviewed to understand factors related to not wearing masks. An in-person questionnaire was also performed on pedestrians in Bangkok to ascertain the factors for mask-wearing, or not, and to try to ascertain the attitudes, understanding and behavior of the general population in Bangkok. The mask-wearing rate seen on CCTV was compared with the mask-wearing rate obtained by a governmental online questionnaire.