plueme/wizJson huggingface dataset:
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2017 source: HSRI 
title: Case Study: Community Participation Development Model to Reduce Alcohol Consumption 
abstract:Alcohol consumption is an important problem of Thailand which law and social measures for
reducing alcohol consumption have been provided. The purpose of this research was to develop
community participation model to reduce alcohol consumption behavior and study the effects of this
model. It was a research and development study, included 3 phases: the first phase was reviewing
documents and studying community context, the second phase was developing community participation
model and the final phase was studying the effects of the community participation model in reducing
alcohol consumption behavior. The sample size of 30 persons consisted of community leaders and
relevant persons. They were one village headman, one subdistrict headman, seven health volunteers,
one teacher, two health officers, five members of elderly club, one social development volunteer,
four members of Stopdrink network and eight young leaders, divided into two groups by simple random
sampling. Data were collected from in-depth interview and focus group discussion and analyzed
by content analysis.
The results showed that more than 80% of the sample had extensively participated in the process
of model development, that is, they participated in every step of health promotion activity. The
results of the model included social measures by the community, such as surveying drinking people in
community, the community leaders acted as role models to reduce alcohol consumption, asking for
alcohol free zone in the religious ceremony and the festival. The social measures highly empowered
the community and the network. The relevant agencies participated in the health promotion activities.
The people’s alcohol consumption behavior reduced, evaluated from sales in the community.
Temples, schools, and public offices were alcohol free zones. The people knew more about toxicity
of alcohol and they created innovation of reducing alcohol consumption behavior in the community
such as “Love friends, suggest friends” and “New people with strong heart” projects.
It could be concluded that the development of community participation model could reduce
alcohol consumption behavior.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2017 source: HSRI 
title: Health Policy Process and Success in Expanding the Health Benefit Package of Universal Coverage Scheme: A Case of Liver Transplantation in Children with Biliary Atresia 
abstract:Health benefit under the Universal Coverage Scheme (UCS) in Thailand is a comprehensive
health package, with a few services on the negative list; for example, organ transplantation including
liver transplantation in children with biliary atresia.
Since 2011, liver transplantation in children with biliary atresia has been approved for UCS’s
health benefit package. All key actors involved in the health policy process of this new approval
including beneficiaries, health care providers, professional, and academics. This decision making is
an example of evidence-informed health policy explicitly including health need analysis, cost-utility
analysis, long term budget projection, and readiness of service delivery system.
As providing access to effective health care services when needed and protecting household
from catastrophic illness expenditure are key functions of public health insurance and UCS. This article
illustrated the health policy process of including the rare disease with high cost care (a case of
liver transplantation in children) into the health benefit package under UCS considering the threshold
for affordable and worth investment. Besides, critical success factors for the process of evidence-informed
health policy and enabling factors for moving health policy into implementation were discussed
in this paper.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2017 source: HSRI 
title: Characteristics and Treatment Outcome of Prisoner and General Tuberculosis Patients in Mueang District, Chiang Rai Province, Thailand 
abstract:Background: Prisoners are socially vulnerable population and have high risk for tuberculosis
(TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This study was conducted to explore whether the TB
notification rate, patient characteristics, access to HIV care and TB treatment outcome of prisoners
differ from general TB patients in Chiang Rai province. Design/Methods: A retrospective analysis of two existing TB related electronic databases included TB registry (N=2,472, 11% were prisoners)
and drug-resistance surveillance TB database (smear positive=2,193, 6.6% were prisoners). The study
populations were patients aged over 18 years, living in Mueang District, Chiang Rai, and registered in
TB registry during 2007 to 2014. We analyzed data by classifying into prisoner and general TB patient
groups. Percentage proportions of each variable were compared using chi-Square test and p-value
for the difference between two proportions. Results: The TB notification rate of prisoners was 3.2
times higher than general population. Prisoner group was significantly younger (mean age = 36.5 vs
45 yrs), had higher proportion of male, smear positive, and higher rate of HIV co-infection (TB/HIV)
than general TB patients (p<0.05). The treatment outcomes of smear-positive in two groups were not
different. However, treatment outcomes of all types of TB in prisoners were better than general TB
population, i.e. higher success rate with lower rate for loss to follow-up (p=0.030). Prisoners with TB/
HIV significantly had less access to antiretroviral drugs (ARV) (p<0.001) but access to cotrimoxazole
was not different. Both groups had high proportions of regular alcohol drinking. Prisoners significantly
had higher proportions of smoking and drug use than general TB patients but lower proportions of
diabetes mellitus or hypertension. Almost 11% of general TB patients were previously incarcerated.
Conclusions: Although prisoners had higher notification rate for TB and higher HIV co-infection than
general TB patients, treatment outcomes were better. To enhance health equality, access to ARV
among prisoners with TB/HIV should be ensured.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2017 source: HSRI 
title: Situation of Tuberculosis among Hospital Personnel of the Ministry of Public Health, Tak Province 
abstract:Health personnel (HP) have higher risk of tuberculosis (TB) infection during working than people in
the community. This research aims to determine TB situation among HP working in hospitals under the
Ministry of Public Health, Tak Province, fiscal year 2008 - 2016. During the study period, of an average
of 2,956 HP per year, 46 were registered for TB treatment, giving a rate of 15.6/1,000 HP. About 69.6%
of them were female and the mean age was 33.6 years old. About 71.7% were personnel responsible
mainly for patients’ management. Of all 46 TB cases, 69.5% had pulmonary TB. Overall, physicians
had the highest TB rate (38.5/1,000), followed by pharmacists/pharmacy technicians (35.1/1,000) and
nurses (17.6/1,000). Hospital personnel working in 5 districts (along Thailand-Myanmar border) of the western region of the province had a higher TB rate of all types (17.7/1,000), hospital personnel
working in the western region had a higher TB rate of pulmonary TB (13.0/1,000) than those working
in the eastern region (6.7/1,000). It is crucial to carry out early TB detection and treatment with high
successful rates among people in the communities to reduce TB spread, particularly in the western
region of Tak Province. In addition, good TB infection control should be continuously maintained in
the hospitals.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2017 source: HSRI 
title: Socio-demographic Characteristics of Persons at Risk of Falling into a Vicious Cycle of “Low education, Poverty and Illness”: Findings from a National Health and Welfare Survey, 2015 
abstract:The ultimate aim of Universal Health Coverage (UHC) is 1) to ensure that all Thai citizens have
access to essential health services when needed without financial barriers, 2) to improve equity in
utilization of health services and 3) to protect households from financial catastrophe and impoverishment
due to medical bills. Thailand has achieved UHC since 2001. However, some are still uninsured
and may face difficulties when they need health services. Objective: This study aims to estimate the
number of Thai population who were at risk of potentially falling into a vicious cycle of “low education,
poverty and illness”, and identify who they are, where they live and whether they suffer from
medical bill? Method: Data from the Health and Welfare Survey 2015 conducted by the National
Statistical Office were utilized. The studied variables included socioeconomic, healthcare utilization
of both inpatient and outpatient services, and the out of pocket payments. Result: There were about
2.4 million Thai populations identified as having lowest economic household status, educated up
to primary school and had no jobs or being economically inactive. Among these vulnerable people,
59,779 had no health insurance. For this subset of population, 86 percent were female, their average
age was 38 years and most of them lived in municipal or urban area, Bangkok or in the central
region. When they were ill, the majority (62 percent) chose self-medication or sought traditional care
or herbal medicines. For hospitalized illness, all (100 percent) admitted to public hospitals, and paid
for medical bills by themselves (i.e., out of pocket) with a higher amount than those insured (Median:
9,999 Baht vs 700 Baht, respectively). Summary: Proactive and passive policies with collaboration
among ministries, especially the Ministry of Public Health, the Ministry of Labour and the National
Health Security Office would mitigate vulnerability of these risk groups and gradually reduce, then
eliminate the vicious cycle.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2017 source: HSRI 
title: Unmet Health Need: Outpatient, Inpatient and Dental Services in Thai Population by 2015 
abstract:Since 2002, Thailand has achieved Universal Health Coverage (UHC) under the three main
public health insurance schemes. UHC enabled Thai population to access essential healthcare services
regardless of income. Patient would not be worried about negative financial impacts from medical
bills to their household however the unmet health need can be found. Therefore, there is a study
on unmet health need conducted in order to monitor UHC on another aspect and to demonstrate
whether or not Thailand has patients who cannot access health service when needed, if yes, how
many; who are they and why? The objective of this study is to analyze prevalence of unmet health
need, to describe profile of patients with unmet health need and to identify factors and reasons for
unmet health need. Descriptive statistics and logit model were applied for analysis of Health and
Welfare Survey (HWS) in 2015 with 55,920 sampled households representing Thai populations.
Prevalence of unmet health need for outpatient, inpatient and dental service were 1.50 percent,
0.14 percent and 0.99 percent of all population, respectively. Main factors of being unmet health
need were age, especially elderly; uninsured people; and the poorest household economic group.
In addition, people living in Bangkok had more unmet health need for outpatient services than other
regions. The main reasons of unmet health need were inadequate time of patient for seeking care,
too long queue at health facilities, and too far to travel to health facilities.
Ministry of Public Health, National Health Security Office and other relevant agencies should
collectively work together for a policy and strategy to reduce unmet health need of Thai population,
especially for elderly. Primary health care service delivery system should be strengthened to cover
all urban areas in particular in Bangkok. “Close to client health services” should be developed for
improving access to health services.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2017 source: HSRI 
title: Utilization of Dental Services in Thailand: Results from Health and Welfare Survey 2015 
abstract:This study used health and welfare survey 2015, national household survey, to explore pattern
of dental service utilization including use of health insurance, and expenditure among Thai population
in order to improve national policies related to dental services. The results showed that (1) 8.1
percent of Thai population received dental services in the past 12 months. More than 80% of dental
services were dental treatment. Thus, dental health policies should focus more on dental prevention
and promotion. (2) Main reasons of unmet need were no time to get the services and long waiting
time. So, the dental health service providers should be expanded. (3) Different access to dental services
associated with different health insurance schemes. The dental services should be harmonized
among health insurance schemes in particular payment methods, and benefit package and points of
service. Also, criteria, quality control, scope of services and payment mechanism should be considered.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2017 source: HSRI 
title: The Inpatient and Outpatient Utilization by Health Care Providers of Thai Population in 2015 
abstract:Advancement of Universal Health Coverage in Thailand since 2002 increased access to both
outpatient (OP) and inpatient (IP) services. This study aimed to analyze the utilizations of government
health insurance schemes and also the factors affecting access to outpatient and inpatient services in
2015. Based on the 2015 Health and Welfare Survey data, descriptive and logit model was performed
to analyze individual utilization of outpatient and inpatient and the factors determining the heath care
utilization.
Results demonstrated that universal health coverage scheme covered the majority of Thai
population. However, the general characteristic, employment and economic status of beneficiaries
differed across different schemes. The illness rate for ambulatory care was 3.1 episodes per capita per
year. Over-the-counter medicines had the biggest share around 27.2 percent, while the hospitalization
was 0.06 admission per capita per year. Most of them were admitted at community hospital and
general hospital (39.6 percent and 38.7 percent respectively), while the hospitalization in private
hospital was only 11.3 percent. In addition, there are some other factors that affected the utilization
of both outpatient and inpatient services such as household characteristic, chronic diseases and the
variation of benefit package of each scheme.
Many people chose to buy drug (around one-third of total treatments). It is important to
establish safety measures through awareness on rational use of drugs and develop a mechanism to
ensure drug quality. Policy maker should strengthen primary care services such as family care team,
home health care and long-term care to reduce the utilization gap in vulnerable groups especially the
poor and elderly and reduce financial burden from medical treatment of patient with chronic disease.
Moreover, government should expand the coverage to uninsured group to increase access to health
care services without financial burden to reduce the gap among health insurance groups.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2017 source: HSRI 
title: Do Thai People Meet Recommended Physical Activity Level?: The 2015 National Health and Welfare Survey 
abstract:This study aimed to determine the adequate physical activity level of Thai adults, and disaggregated
by subgroups of participants. The study re-analyzed data of 108,416 Thai adults aged 18 and
above from the 2015 National Health and Welfare Survey conducted by National Statistical Office. Descriptive
and analytical statistics were defined in the analysis. The results showed that 42.4% of Thai
adults aged 18 and above met physical activity level according to the recommendation by the World
Health Organization and 33.8% had high level of physical inactivity. Most males, farmers and laborers,
and those who had no underlying diseases, reached recommended physical activity level and had
low-rate of high level of physical inactivity. On the other hand, most elderly, unemployed, and those
who had underlying diseases, did not reach recommended physical activity level and had high-rate of
high level of physical inactivity. Our findings will benefit to the national policy development to reduce
sedentary behaviors and increase physical activity especially in work and transportation domains, with
the focus on the subpopulations that did not reach the recommended physical activity level and had
high level of physical inactivity.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2017 source: HSRI 
title: Primary Care Services in Urban Area: Case Study of Nakhon Ratchasima and Burirum provinces 
abstract:Health service provision in urban area is a key challenge in Thailand as there is only tertiary care
hospital and a network of health center provides curative and health prevention services. As a result,
primary care services seem to be neglected. Recently, there are interventions to upgrade health health promotion services in Mueang districts of Nakhon Ratchasima and Burirum provinces. Capitation
budget for out-patient care is now transferred to CUP instead of provincial hospital. This study aims
to explore process in setting up those autonomous CUPs as well as key success factors and remaining
challenges in these provinces to be lessons learned for other provinces.
We reviewed documents and interviewed key informants who involved in setting up autonomous
CUPs or were working in those CUPs. Results showed that main purposes of autonomous CUPs were
to reduce crowdedness of provincial hospitals and to improve quality and access of health services
at health centers. One major change after the implementation was the increased numbers of staff
especially those of medical doctors and supporting staff. Key success factors are consistent with
policy direction at provincial and district levels as well as availability of retired medical doctors who
were key human resources. The remaining challenges were to increase active role of District Health
Coordinating Committee, integrate district health system principle and appoint responsible persons to
coordinate health service system within the district.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2017 source: HSRI 
title: Humanitarian Services Behaviors: Patients’ vs. Providers’ Perspectives 
abstract:A cross-sectional survey research aimed to compare the humanitarian behaviors between patients’
and providers’perspectives. The samples were out- and in-patients and staff of Queen Savang Vadhana
Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society. The sample sizes were estimated by Krejcie & Morgan
table. Data were collected by the generated questionnaire with Likerts’ scale from 1 to 5 scores. Its
indexes of item objective congruence were 1.7-2.0 from range 0-2 scores, and its reliability was 0.95
by Cronbach’s alpha. One-way analysis of variance and independent t-test were used to compare the
humanitarian behavior scores among the three groups, and between the two groups including patients and provider. A p value less than 0.01 was defined as significant difference.
Five hundred out-patients, 630 in-patients, and 1250 staffs answered the questionnaires. The
average age of in-patients was the highest, followed by of staffs, and of out-patients (mean (SD) =
41.4 (16.1), 36.9 (10.3), 33.9 (9.6) year old (p<0.001), respectively). The humanitarian services behavior
scores among the three groups were significant different, and the scores from lowest to highest were
in-patients, out-patients, and staffs (mean (SD) = 80.8 (14.4), 82.0 (10.4), 85.3 (10.9) from 100 scores
(p<0.001), respectively).
The suggestions for quality improvement of the out-patient service were to emphasize on the
humanitarian services behaviors of the general service staffs; such as, explaining the choices of treatments,
participating in decision making, being presence and encouraging when the patients faced
suffering, providing opportunity for patients’ compliance to their religious activities.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2017 source: HSRI 
title: Situation of Hospitalization and Having Carers during Recovery Period at Home among Elderly People in Thailand 
abstract:The proportion of elderly in Thailand is 16% of population. At hospital discharge, most of elderly
patients still need helps for their daily living activities. This study aims to explore situation of hospitalization
and having carers during the recovery period at home among elderly people. Study samples
were elderly people (age ≥60 years). Data analyses were based on Health and Welfare Survey 2015
conducted by National Statistical Office (NSO). Sample weight was applied using appropriate statistics
to represent total population. The results showed that total number of hospitalized elders in the year
before was 706,183 persons (7% of all elderly people) higher than other age groups (children 3.5%,
and adult 4.5%). Overall, average length of hospital stay was 5.98 days and average number of days
needed care during recovery period at home was 13.06 days. Of all hospitalized elders, patients under
Universal Coverage (UC) scheme were the largest group, whereby those under Civil Servant Medical
Benefit (CS) scheme accounted for 17.2%. Majority of elderly patients under UC scheme were in very
poor quintile. While majority of elderly patients under CS scheme were in very rich quintile. Average
numbers of days needed care during recovery period among elderly patients in poor and very poor
quintiles were higher than those in other quintiles across all schemes. Approximately 17.7% of elderly
patients did not have caregiver during their recovery period at home and most of them were in very
poor quintile and with small household size (1-2 living persons). Although, 76% of elderly patients
were taken care by someone in their family, most of these patients were in very poor quintiles and
had small household size. The government should realize the importance of continuity of care after
hospitalization in order to provide a better living for elderly patients and their families.