plueme/wizJson huggingface dataset:
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2016 source: HSRI 
title: Management Model of Referral Coordination Center in Health Region 6 
abstract:The objective of this study was to develop the management model of referral coordination center in provincial and region level. The conceptual framework is 4M; Management, Man, Material and Money. The sampleswere divided into 3 groups. The first groups are 8 executive of referral coordination center, 9 directors in general hospital and 15 directors community hospital. The second group is 24 operational personnel inreferral coordination center. The third groups are 40 patients. The instruments are observational formsand semi-structured form, data collection from in-depth interviews and focus group. Analysis data by descriptive statistic and content analysis. The study found that; 1. All Provincial Referral Coordination Centers (PRCC) has a similar management pattern. 1) Management mostly has chain of command clearly and be unity. There has a target work, referral practice guideline, but the structure of referral coordination center that still unclear. There are no strategy, no plan and no project that specific problems or role of PRCC. The PRCC operation was not beneficial to the community hospital. The database of PRCC has quality problem and can’t to analyze.2) The operational budget of PRCC from hospital subsidy but no project support. There is a full-time nurse who operated PRCC only 08.30-16.30.The executive of PRCC has not build
employee morale process. Allmaterial of PRCC join with emergency accident department but it wasn’t enough to work.
2.The Region of Referral Coordination Centers (RRCC) has a similar PRCC management pattern. There have a regional referral practice guideline and a full-time nurse who operated work only 08.30-16.30but still implementation problem, i.e., no strategies or plan to develop work and personnel skill, lack of development to make the strengthening in network hospital, technology computer was used but can’t link the data, no pattern for regional referral data analysis. 3.The Management model of reasonable, have 3 figure; 1) high level of Provincial Referral Coordination Center Model : H model 2) moderate level of Provincial Referral Coordination Center Model : M Model 3) level of Region Referral Coordination Center Model : R Model.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2017 source: HSRI 
title: Progression rate to diabetes mellitus and association between sleep factors, serum uric acid level, and HbA1c level in pre-diabetic people 
abstract:Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the major public health burden in Thailand. DM is the significant risk factors of cardiovascular disease, end stage renal disease and cancer. Therefore, to decrease morbidity and mortality from diabetic complications, prevention of DM is an important issue. Insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfuction are the major mechanisms of developing DM. These 2 mechanisms lead to abnormal glucose regulation, called prediabetes that comprises of impaired fasting glucose or impaired
glucose tolerance. Previous evidences found that prediabetes is a significant risk factor of DM. Around 60% of diabetic patients had prediabetes 5 years before developing DM. Until now, there has been no study that investigate about the progression rate to DM in Thai prediabetes patients. In addition, currently, there is new proposed risk factors of DM such as serum uric acid and sleep factors. Therefore, this study aims to estimate the progression rate to DM and assess the association between sleep factors, serum uric acid, and HbA1C level.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2017 source: HSRI 
title: Tool Development and Evaluation Criteria for Assessment of Executive Function in Early Childhood 
abstract:Executive Functions (EF) is a higher-order, self-regulatory cognitive processes that aid in the monitoring and control of our thought and action for goal-directed behaviors.  EF is related more to success in school from preschool to university, than the IQ.  In Thailand, there is no information regarding the current situation of EF skill in young children.  The main objective of the present study is to develop tools and to construct the normative criteria for assessing EF skill in Thai preschooler age between 2-6 years.  Thirty-two items of behavioral checklists that indicated development of EF related behaviors (i.e., inhibit, shift/cognitive flexibility, emotional control, working memory and plan/organize) were designed to be appropriate with the Thai social context.  The behavioral checklist is friendly for teacher to observe their student’s behavior in the class room by using the rubric scales (0-5) which indicate the frequency of behaviors that has been observed during the past 3 months.  For construction of the normative criteria, children age between 2-6 years (N=2,965) both boys (51.6%) and girls (48.4%) from all regions across the country were participated in this study. They were selected by 3 steps simple random sampling.  First, sampling the child development centers in each region of the country, then sampling the rooms and finally sampling the number of children in each room.  Teachers were asked to rate child’s behavioral in the questionnaire. Data were collected and the T scores were constructed separately by sex and age of the children using the SPSS software. Our results show that children gradually improve their behavior related with EF skill during 2-6 years old. Although boy and girls have similar development at 2-2.11 years in their behavior related to EF skill, girls are more advance in EF development than boys at the age between 3-6 years.  Nearly 30% of children demonstrate the delay development in behaviors related to EF skill (T score<45). Moreover, 30% of children have behavioral problems related to EF dysfunctions (T score>55).  Delay EF development and/or EF dysfunction in childhood is associated with worse inhibitory control. They were more likely to be failure or drop out of school at adolescents, and less likely to be successful as adults. Thus, a child’s level of EF in early childhood likely contributes to a trajectory of success or failure in the future. Our results suggest that delay development of EF in 30% of Thai preschooler should not be ignored as EF skill can predict the quality of Thai people in the next 10-15 years, which can hinder the country's development in the long term. It’s time to re-thinking about how to scaffold EF development in young children in order to create a new generation of Thai people who can self-directed towards the success, who have the ability to cope with the dynamics change of the world in the 21st century, and who can leads the country successfully toward the Thailand 4.0 national policy.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2017 source: HSRI 
title: The development of computer-based apparatus and software for alternative communication in dysarthria 
abstract:Background : The idea of developing communication assistive device for disable persons who have lost their motor functions and cannot communicate is challenging.  Some paralyzed persons are aware of themselves and environments but cannot move their body parts except their eyes. With the use of an assistive device that can detect an eye or mouth status, these people can partially interact with the surrounding environments. Objective : The purpose of this present study was to develop a machine vision based system for a real-time eye or mouth status detection which can be further applied to be used as assistive controlling or communication device for patients. Material and method : This system composed of a web camera connected to a computer running with the developed software to detect the status of eye or mouth. The software prototype was developed in C++ on an MS Windows 7 PC using OpenCV and Dlib libraries and KNN classification technique. Result : The result showed that the accuracy of eye detection was at the highest accuracy (98%) at the middle distance (140cm), whereas the same distance result also observed with the mouth detection (94%). The results from the satisfaction questionnaire demonstrated that all users-healthy volunteers (n=20), dysarthric patients and caregivers (n=20) satisfied with the developed apparatus and software. The satisfaction score in the using of developed equipments was 4.02 (healthy subjects) and 4.21 (patients) from the highest score of 5. The satisfaction score in software using were 3.91, 4.14 (function test); 3.83, 4.09 (usability test) and 4.18, 4.28 (security test) in healthy subjects and patients, respectively.  Summary: In conclusion, our developed system can be efficiently used for further development of a communication or controlling assistive device for disable persons
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2016 source: HSRI 
title: Multi-Host Specific Immunochromatographic Test for Diagnosis of Human and Animal Pythiosis 
abstract:Pythiosis is a life-threatening infectious disease of both humans and animals living in Asia, Americas, Africa, and parts of Australia and New Zealand. The etiologic pathogen is the fungus-like organism Pythium insidiosum. The disease has high mortality and morbidity rates. Use of antifungal drugs are ineffective against P. insidiosum, leaving radical surgery the main treatment option. Prompt treatment leads to better prognosis of affected individuals, and could be achieved by early and accurate diagnosis. Since pythiosis has been increasingly reported worldwide, there is a need for a rapid, userfriendly, and efficient test that facilitates the diagnosis of the disease. This study aims to develop an immunochromatographic test (ICT), using the bacterial protein A/G, to detect anti-P. insidiosum IgGs in humans and animals, and compare its diagnostic performance with the established ELISA. Eighty-five serum samples from 28 patients, 24 dogs, 12 horses, 12 rabbits, and 9 cattle with pythiosis, and 143 serum samples from 80 human and 63 animal subjects in a healthy condition, with thalassemia, or with other fungal infections, were recruited for assay evaluation. Detection specificities of ELISA and ICT were 100.0%. While the detection sensitivity of ELISA was 98.8%, that of ICT was 90.6%. Most pythiosis sera, that were falsely read negative by ICT, were weakly positive by ELISA. In conclusion, a protein A/G-based ICT is a rapid, user-friendly, and efficient assay for serodiagnosis of pythiosis in humans and animals. Compared to ELISA, ICT has an equivalent detection specificity and a slightly lower detection sensitivity.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2016 source: HSRI 
title: The study of immunity to Diphtheria from Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Pertussis from Bordetella pertussis and Tetanus from Clostridium tetani 
abstract:Purpose To investigate the immunity of Diptheria from Corynebacterium diphtheriae, pertussis from Bordetella pertussis and tetanus from Clostidium tetani in Thais Subject and method Firstly, commercial kit for the detection of antibodies to diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis using indirect ELISA (EUROIMMUN, Germany) were pre-evaluated. Secondly, the seroprevalence of antibodies to diphtheria toxin IgG (anti-DT), tetanus toxin IgG (anti-TT) pertussis toxin IgG (anti-PT) were performed in 965 sera from blood volunteers in 2014, aged between <20 and >60 years, who attending at regional blood center from the North (240 sera from Chiangmai, Pitsanulok, Lampang and Nakon Sawan provinces), the Central (243 sera from Lopburi, Ratchaburi, Chonburi and Bangkok provinces), the Northeastern (240 sera from Khonkaen, Nongkhai, Nakhon Phanom and Ubon Ratchatani provinces) and the South parts (242 sera from Krabi, Songkha, Pattani and Prachuap Khiri Kan provinces). Result Overall the seroprevalence at the protective level (>0.1 IU/ml) of anti-DT was 62.9% [GMT (geometric mean titer) 0.19 IU/ml, 95%CI 0.13-0.25)] and anti-TT was 87.8% (GMT 1.16, 95%CI 0.73-1.59). Anti-DT level from provinces in the South was higher than other parts (p<0.05, Chi square and Kruskal Wallis). Anti-DT level in Bangkok was the lowest prevalence (43.3%) and low anti-DT level might be seen at all age groups in some area such as Nakornsawan, Lopburi and Ubonrachatanee provinces. Regarding to pertussis, no information of the protective level of anti-PT was documented. In this study, the prevalence of anti-PT was 52% based on the presence of antibody in subjects bearing at 5 IU/ml (criteria for vaccine trial) and was only 12.9% based on antibody at 40 IU/ml (criteria for diagnosis based on kit) with GMT of anti-PT 10.16 (95%CI 6.93-13.39). This will be implied that Thai population might be risk of pertussis due to low prevalence of anti-PT antibody. No significant difference of gender was found in these 3 specific antibodies. Conclusion The information from this study might be the useful for the consideration to stimulate the immunity by vaccination at high risk group of waning antibodies. In Thailand, booster vaccination against diphtheria, tetatnus and including pertussis should be considered in Thai adult.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2016 source: HSRI 
title: ภาระทางเศรษฐศาสตร์และการพยากรณ์โรคของเด็กก่อนวัยเรียนที่มีภาวะหอบเฉียบพลันและฟังปอดพบเสียงวิ้ด (ต่อเนื่องปีที่ 2) 
abstract:Wheezing is an important health problem in Thailand. Estimating costs of wheezing treatment in preschool children under societal, provider and patient’s perspectives were also studied. Cost data of 234 six participants who admitted with asthma and wheezing at Thammasat hospital, King Chulalongkorn Memorial hospital, Bhumiphol hospital and Saraburi hospital were available for this analysis. Data from hospital financial database and caregivers’ expenses were collected. Cost-to-charge ratio method was employed for valuation of direct medical costs.Informal care cost was determined by human capital approach. It is found that societal, provider and patient costs per admission were 20,269±20,537, 18,126±16,898 และ 3,119±6,655THB, respectively. The main cost component in all perspective was hoteling cost during admission.  The economic burden of asthma and wheezing admission of preschool children in Thailand was estimated as 759 million THB per year. To decrease length of stay and admission rate will save costs of asthma and wheezing care in preschool children. 
	The participants in this study were 240 pediatric patients hospitalized with acute wheezing in Thammasat hospital, King Chulalongkorn Memorial hospital, Bhumiphol hospital and Saraburi hospital. The participants were boys (62.7 %), recurrent wheezing (59.1%). According to laboratory results, Atopy (specific IgE level >0.35 kUA/L of  any allergens being tested) was found in 75.5 percent. He highest prevalence of hypersensitivity was cow’s milk protein (75.5%), following by egg’s white (52.9%). Vitamin D insufficiency (25-hydroxy-vitamin D level < 30 ng/ml) was found in 24.8 percent. Concerning 12 months of follow-up, completed data for analysis was available in 195 cases (81.3%). The one-year incidence of re-hospitalization with acute wheezing was 23.1 percent (95% confidence interval: 17.5% - 30.0%). The one-year incidence of emergency visits with recurrent wheezing was 49.7 percent (95% confidence interval: 42.5% - 57.0%).
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2016 source: HSRI 
title: In vitro sensitivity and resistance mechanism of artemisinin derivatives  and their combined antimalarial drugs in Plasmodium falciparum 
abstract:This study aimed to determine in vitro sensitivities of artemisinin derivatives and their partner drugs in artemisinin derivative based combination therapy (ACT) and genetic characterization of resistant genes in 95 Plasmodium falciparum isolates collected from Thai-Myanmar and Thai-Cambodia borders. Almost all isolates were sensitive to artesunate และ dihydroartemisinin. Approximately seventy seven percent of the samples had a mutation on an artemisinin-resistant gene, Kelch13 propeller which C580Y mutation was predominant. All parasites isolated from Thai-Cambodia border contained 184F allele with 1 copy number of pfmdr1 gene. In contrast, the parasites collected from Thai-Myanmar border had the pfmdr1 184F allele at 47.2% and contained a few copy number of the pfmdr1 gene with the average of 2.5 copies. Most isolates were resistant to mefloquine which might lead to treatment failure of artesunate-mefloquine in Thailand. Consequently, The Ministry of Public Health has changed the first-line treatment for falciparum malaria to dihyroartemisinin-piperaquine. The present study shows that the parasites containing the pfmdr1 86Y allele exhibited reduced piperaquine sensitivity. Prior to nationwide implication of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine usage in Thailand, efficacy testing should be conducted. In addition, regular monitoring should be properly performed especially in Thai-Malaysia border where most parasites contained the pfmdr1 86Y allele. Artesunate-pyronaridine is a new effective ACT. The parasites’ pyronaridine IC50 in this study were 3-220 times lower than the IC50 of a recrudescent parasite previously reported in Thailand. In addition, there was no significant difference of pyronaridine IC50 among the parasites with different haplotypes. Thus, artesunate-pyronaridine may be a suitable ACT of choice in the area containing parasites with varied resistant haplotypes especially the pfmdr1 haplotypes. In vitro sensitivities and genotypic characterization of the resistant genes of P. falciparum should be continuously monitored in order to detect the emergence of antimalarial resistance. Rationale drug use can be guided using this information.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2016 source: HSRI 
title: Active surveillance of novel human betacoronavirus in bats 
abstract:Bats are natural reservoirs of Coronaviruses (CoV), which includes the genera
Alphacoronavirus (alphaCoV) and Betacoronavirus (betaCoV). Bat CoVs are also closely
related to human pathogens such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and
the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). Thailand has previously detected viruses
in the same lineage as SARS-CoV, in the Hipposiderous larvatus, and MERS-CoV from
unidentified bat guano. Thailand houses 139 different bat species, including
Tylonycteris spp., Pipistrellus spp. and Taphozous spp. These species have been
reported to carry MERS-CoV in other countries. It is thus important to conduct a study
to monitor these bat species and identify the viruses they harbor. Specimens from 645
bats, 33 species, were collected between 2011 and 2015, from 10 provinces (13
locations). Rectal swabs from these bats were analyzed using PCR, specifically for the
RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene. Fifty seven (8.8%) of the samples were positive
for CoV; alphaCoV (19/57) and betaCoV (36/57). Two bats were found to be coinfected
with viruses of 2 different genera. Eight samples were positive for MERS-CoV
lineage, which is classified under betaCoV lineage C. Two of these samples were from
Tylonycteris robustula, the same bat species previously reported to harbor the virus in
China. Six samples were found in the Chaerephon plicata, which has never been
known to harbor CoV. Two samples from Rhinolophus malayanus were also positive
for SARS-CoV lineage, also previously reported in China from the same bat genus.
Detection of viruses in the same lineage of MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV in Thai bats
indicates the need for vigilant zoonotic disease surveillance to monitor virus jump
species to new hosts that may cause severe disease in humans or other animals, in
addition to the measures in place to contain disease outbreak. Thailand’s
preparedness and prompt diagnosis of the two imported (from Oman) MERS cases,
whose genetic analyses from whole genome sequencing revealed to be the same
strain as the outbreak in South Korea, prevented an outbreak in Thailand. Early
detection for cause of disease in patient and pre-identification of new pathogens from
natural reservoirs that can potentially case disease in humans can reduce the scale
and severity of next outbreak.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2017 source: HSRI 
title: Development of novel enzymatic activity assays for HIV-1 protease and integrase for drug level control and drug discovery applications 
abstract:Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) remains a major public health problem in Thailand. Treatment of HIV-infected patient using highly active retroviral therapy (HAART) can suppress viral replication and increases maintain the level of CD4+ lymphocyte cells. Adherence to HAART can improve health and prolong life of HIV-infected patients. However, non-adherence to antiretroviral drugs leads to develop of HIV drug-resistance strains. Therefore, the high costs of new generation antiretroviral drugs are needed. In this study, we aimed to develop a high throughput assay for examining the enzymatic activity of HIV-1 protease (PR) and integrase (IN). These assays will be applicable for assessing the level of HIV-1 protease inhibitors (PIs) and integrase inhibitors in HIV-infected patients who recived antiretroviral treatment. The novel immunochromatographic (IC) strip test for determining of HIV-PR activity was developed by combining proteolysis activity of HIV-PR and an immunochromatographic reaction. This IC strip could adaped to evaluate the biological activity of PI and also semi-quantify the level of PI in HIV-1 infected individual. Furthermore, we established a non-radioisotopic testing based on real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay to determine HIV-1 integrase activity. This assay has been shown to be effective and inexpensive for a high-throughput screening of novel IN inhibitors. The novel development of enzymatic activity assay of HIV-1 protease and integrase using immunochromatographic strip test and real-time PCR assay could provide as a high-throuput screening platform for discovering new synthetic antiretroviral agents or natural compounds from Thai medicinal plants by Thai reseacher. This study might be able to reduce the importion of new generation antiretroviral drugs from other countires.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2017 source: HSRI 
title: Recommendations for Health Research Management Reform in Thailand 
abstract:Obtaining quality research that can benefit country development requires systematic management
of relevant agencies including research funding agencies. This study aimed to provide research funding
agencies recommendations regarding the management of health research in Thailand. The study was
carried out by reviewing literature and documents related to experience in health research management of both national and international government research funding agencies. Additionally, key informant
interviews and focus group discussions with experts involved in research systems were conducted.
The study analyzed and compared research management components of various countries with
those of the Thai research funding agencies under 9 different dimensions. The study showed that health
research management in Thailand still needed to be developed. In particular, health research management
needs to focus on the coordination of relevant agencies in national health research policy formulation,
reduction of budget support in unclear strategies, development and increase in the role of research
managers in order to support research utilization, and lastly, monitoring and evaluation using comprehensive
indicators to measure input, process, output and impact of research.