plueme/wizJson huggingface dataset:
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2011 source: HSRI 
title: Forecasted expenditure due to the use of expensive drugs in Civil Servant Medical Benefit Scheme: a comparison with Universal Health Coverage Scheme 
abstract:Therapeutic drugs, a major component of outpatient care have made the utilization pattern in the
Civil Servant Medical Benefit Scheme (CSMBS) different from the Universal Health Coverage Scheme
(UCS). This study analyzed a time-series of 57 months during 2003-2007 for drug prescriptions in 6 Regional
Hospitals and General Hospitals and forecast the overall expenditure. Four therapeutic classes
with high expenditure or frequent use, including angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and
angiotensin-2 receptor blockers (ARB); antilipids; proton pump inhibitors (PPI) and histamine-2 receptor
antagonists (H2RA); and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) plus COX-2 inhibitor were analyzed
with respect to two expenditure components; (1) propensity to use the target drugs, which are not
covered by the National Lists of Essential Medicines or are the single-source products, and (2) the utilization
quantity. Results from the expenditure forecast before and after the CSMBS’ direct billing policy and
the UCS’ 30-Baht copay abolition policy using a segmented regression analysis revealed that the use of the
following target drugs, including ARB, non-essential antilipids, single-source PPI and COX-2 inhibitor
was associated with the total and expenditures growth of the four classes. The close-end method of provider
payment currently employed by the UCS, if applied to the CSMBS would be able to reduce 40
percent of the expenditures for PPI-H2RA and NSAID-COX-2 inhibitor to 100 percent of the expenditure
for antilipids. For the substitution measure, the degree of cost-saving would depend largely on the policy
compliance levels. With the 20 percent compliance, 8 percent of the expenditures for PPI-H2RA and NSAIDCOX-
2 inhibitor and 20 percent for antilipids could be saved. With the 80 percent compliance, the costsaving
would range from 30 percent to 80 percent.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2011 source: HSRI 
title: Antibiotics Prescribing for Acute Diarrhea at Pua Crown Prince Hospital, Nan Province 
abstract:Antibiotic prescribing for acute diarrhea was common among prescribers although most for acute
diarrhea conditions were not caused by bacterial infection. The purpose of this study was to investigate
antibiotics prescribing for acute diarrhea in the outpatient department in Pua Crown Prince Hospital,
Nan province. Medical record of the targeted patients during 1 January to 31 December 2009 were evaluated
regarding antibiotic prescribing. Criteria for antibiotic prescribing for acute diarrhea included having
fever (38o C or above) and mucous or bloody stool or stool exam with red blood cell and/or white
blood cell. Result showed that of a total of 613 patients with acute diarrhea, 406 patients (66.23%) were
prescribed antibiotics. For patient who received antibiotics, 90.40% were identified as irrational antibiotics
prescribing. This data showed that clinical practice guideline was important data to make good decision
to start antibiotics in patient with acute diarrhea.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2011 source: HSRI 
title: High-risk Medication use in Thai Elderly Patients: Case Study in Wangtaku Subdistrict, Nakhon Pathom 
abstract:The high-risk medications used in the elderly is a pressing problem that is a concern in many countries
around the world. However, in Thailand there is still lack of studies related to this issue. Therefore,this study was aimed at surveying the high-risk medications used in the elderly at Wang Taku Subdistrict,
Nakhon Pathom based on the criteria for high-risk medications used in the elderly of Winit-Watjana W. et
al. The data of this cross-sectional study were collected by surveying and interviewing the elderly. Of 118
elderly, 72.9 % were female. Average age was 72.63 ± 5.25 years. Most medical problems found were
hypertension, (76.3%). Of 421 drug items, 92 items were high risk medication use or 0.78 item per patient.
The findings revealed 79 drug items with potentials to cause adverse reactions; 11 drug items with drugdisease
interactions and 2 drug items with drug-drug interaction. After analyzing each subgroup, angiotensin
converting enzyme inhibitors (out of 34 drug items) was mostly found in causing adverse reaction
and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (16 drug items) were subsequently found. In drug-disease
interaction subgroup, hypertension/heart disease (9 items) were found to be the most, and the other 2
items were gout-hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) and asthma/ COPD-benzodiazepine. The last subgroup,
drug-drug interaction, aspirin with NSAIDs and digoxin with HCTZ were found. Results of this study
can be used to develop a guideline for advising and monitoring high-risk drug use.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2011 source: HSRI 
title: An Evaluation of Universal health Care Coverage among low Income Groups in Thailand by Using four Selected Characteristics of Good Governance 
abstract:Background: This study focuses on an evaluation of the universal health care coverage among low
income groups by using four selected characteristics of good governance: equity, efficiency and effectiveness,
participation and transparency.
Methods: The interviews with policy makers and patient representatives were conducted. The purposive
sampling was used to select interviewees. The data was analyzed by a template analysis style, as
the templates are the four selected characteristics of good governance.
Results: After the introduction of universal health care coverage in Thailand, the Thai health care
system has improved. First, equity in Thai health care system is largely improved, which can be seen by
improvement of the accessibility to health services among low income groups. Second, the efficiency of
health care systems has enhanced. Third, people have better opportunity to participate in decision making
process of the health care systems. Fourth, the transparency of health care systems is improved due to
the shift of power to allocate health fund from the Ministry of Public Health to the National Health Security
Office.
Discussion: Despites the improvements in the health care systems, there are still several challenges
that the Thai health care system is facing. For example, the geographical barriers prevent low income
groups from accessing care for chronic conditions, this result showed insufficient allocation of resources
in health care systems. Another challenge for the Thai health care system is a shortage of medical professionals.
Conclusion: the universal health care coverage has improved the accessibility of health care services
among low income groups, efficiency of health care systems and participation of people in decision
making. However, the challenges are still occurring, for example, insufficient of human resources and
geographical barriers.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2011 source: HSRI 
title: Preliminary financial assistance under section 41 and civil litigation 
abstract:Since the section 41 of the National Health Security Act B.E.2545 has been enforced, requests for the
preliminary financial assistance under section 41 were increasing every year, but the civil litigation rate is
undetermined. The main purposes of this descriptive research are to examine the relationship between
preliminary assistance and the rate of civil litigation and to study preventable damage from medical errors.
The author retrospectively reviewed all documents related to sub-committee meeting to decide the
request for preliminary financial assistance between the year 2004 and 2010 and interviewed the relevant
personals. Data were analyzed with frequency, percentage, and Fisher’s Exact Test. The results showed
that 37 cases were included in the study, 28 cases were eligible for payment of preliminary assistance. Two
cases in Lamphun and 43 cases (0.93%) in Thailand filed a civil lawsuit against the Ministry of Public
Health. The rate of civil litigation in cases who did not receive money compared to those received in
Lamphun were not different (p-value = 1), but different (p-value = 0.031) at the national level. In conclusion,
the payment of preliminary assistance in Lamphun had no effect on civil litigation, but the filing rate
significantly reduced at the national level owing to this measure. Health care providers should review the
service process, which the most common causes were in the communication and the referral system, to
prevent any damage that may occur repeatedly in the future.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2011 source: HSRI 
title: Abnormalities of Body Mass Index, lipid profile and the risk of coronary heart disease development in health care workers of Health Promotion Center, Region 1, Bangkok at annual health check up 2010 
abstract:The purpose of this study was to examine the abnormality in Body Mass Index(BMI), lipid profile
and evaluate risk for develop coronary heart disease in 10 years by Framingham Risk Score in Health care
and office workers, aged more than 35 years old, in Health Promotion Center, Region 1, Bangkok at annual
health check up 2010. The results of this study indicate overall prevalence of obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/
m2) was 35.5, man 45.5% and woman 34.2%. The most common lipid abnormalities were LDL-Cholesterol
(≥ 100 mg/dl) 78.3%, Cholesterol (≥ 200 mg/dl) 55% and Triglyceride (≥150 mg/dl) 22.2%. Risk for develop
of Coronary heart disease in 10 years by Framingham Risk Score, the study group had low risk
98.4% and no one was in high risk group.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2011 source: HSRI 
title: Effectiveness of Intensive Behavioral Modification Program for Individual at Risk of Type 2 Diabetes 
abstract:In the past decade, Diabetes Mellitus tends to become more and more important problem in Thailand.
Nowadays, research results clearly indicate that behavioral change strategies can decrease complications
and death among Diabetes patients. Several studies in China, Finland and USA have reported that intensive behavioral modification program focusing on exercise and weight loss certainly decreases the
risk of Diabetes in high risk group by 31-58 percent. Previous related researches in Thailand have found
that giving knowledge alone have led to negative outcome of Diabetes patient care. This research aimed to
test the effectiveness of intensive behavioral modification program for individual at risk of type 2 diabetes.
This Quasi-experimental research is to study effectiveness of intensive behavioral modification model
which focuses on diet and exercise for 24 weeks. Participants who are overweighed person (BMI > 25 kg/
m2) were divided into two groups. Forty-one participants attended the intensive model while 61 participants
received standard care. Effectiveness of the groups was compared at the end of the study. From data
analysis made through changes of both physical and biochemical indicators, there was no significant
difference found between two groups but subgroup analysis in overweight group (BMI > 30 kg/m2)
indicate that the experimental group significantly lost more weight than control group (95%CI= -1.976 - -
0.019, p-value = 0.046). This finding shows that the program is more suitable for overweight person. However,
long term study is still needed.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2011 source: HSRI 
title: Sexual Abuse among Children and Youth under Influence of Alcohol Consumption 
abstract:The purpose of this research was to study the situation and trends of sex crimes in relation to consumption
of alcoholic beverages as well as to explain the types of sexual abuse carried out while under the
influence of adolescents and youth in Thailand. The sources of information were cases related to sex
crimes which appeared in print media over the past 10 years (between B.E. 2541-2551) and from the collection
of qualitative data from in-depth interviews. The sample group consisted of 15 adolescents and youth
at the Central Observation and Protection Center, Nonthaburi who committed sex crimes.
From the research it was found that information from print media portrayed the number, violence,
and complications of sex crimes related to the increased consumption of alcohol in Thailand, at three fold
over the past ten years. The age of victims and perpetrators is greatly varied, with the age of victims
between 4-102 years old and of perpetrators between 15-76 years old. From information on the perpetrators
it was found that the ages are decreasing and are increasingly youth or adolescents. The crimes mostly
take place at night and the abuse reported in print media the most is rape. The majority of the crimes are
carried out by known people, especially family members.
From interviewing youth who carried out crimes, it was found that 13 of 15 drank alcoholic beverages
2-3 hours before committing the crime and ¯ drank with the victims. Drinking alcoholic beverages
plays a role in bringing together groups which lead to planning and thinking of committing crimes. An
interesting point found was that perpetrators did not drink to get drunk (20-30 grams of pure alcohol), but
to become confident and brave enough to carry out the crimes without any consideration.
Recommendations from this study include the need to be more rigorous and strict with using related
laws such as forbidding the sales of alcohol to people under 20 years old according to the Royal Decree on
Control of Alcoholic Beverages, B.E. 2551. Information on sex crimes and other crimes need to be collected
and there information on alcohol consumption of the perpetrators should be collected as well. This is
because alcohol is related to sex crimes and other crimes. There should be measures to publicize and
change attitudes in society regarding alcohol consumption and sex crimes are not a normal aspect in
society.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2011 source: HSRI 
title: Alcohol Consumption in Thailand: Results from the 2007 Cigarette Smoking and Alcohol Drinking Survey 
abstract:Objective: The Cigarette Smoking and Alcohol Drinking Behavior survey (CSAD) has been conducted
by the National Statistical Office every 3-4 years. In 2007, this survey added crucial questions for
alcohol policy, including quantity of drinking, binge drinking and untaxed alcohol consumption. In addition,
it has a large sample size which can represent the population at provincial level. The objective of this
study is to report alcohol consumption behaviors of the Thai population.
Methods: The 2007 CSAD was a stratified two-stage sampling. Data were collected from 79,560
households by structured questionnaire, face-to-face interview during July to September 2007. This study
analyzed data of sample aged 15 years or older [N=168,285]. The data were estimated to represent the
population using sampling weights.
Results: Prevalence of 12-month drinkers, 30-day drinkers, regular (weekly) drinkers, high-risk drinkers,
binge drinkers, and drink-driving was 30.0%, 21.1%, 16.4%, 2.8%, 4.9% and 10.1% respectively. 12.9%
of underage people (<20 years) reported consuming alcohol in the last 12 months. Alcohol drinkers were
highly prevalent in a group of people who were male, aged 20-49 years, married, low educated, middleincome
level, agriculture and labor, and living in rural area and the North and Northeast. Among all
provinces, prevalence of alcohol drinkers was highest in North provinces. The most consumed alcoholic
beverage was beer, followed by white spirits and colored spirits. Prevalence of untaxed alcohol drinkers
was 2.4% (2.3% for domestic products drinkers and 0.2% for imported products drinkers). Estimated
untaxed consumption was 4.7% of total alcohol consumption.
Discussion: The findings of this study illustrate situation of alcohol consumption of the Thai population
and critical information to be used for evaluation and monitoring in populations and provinces
with high prevalence of alcohol use.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2011 source: HSRI 
title: Patient- Self Reporting System of Adverse Drug Reaction: International Scheme 
abstract:The current system of pharmacovigilance is mainly responsible to healthcare professionals for reporting
adverse drug reactions (ADRs) which major concerns are underreporting. Many countries had
initiated patient participation to the direct reporting of ADRs resulting in increased the reporting rate
especially possible new ADRs, non- serious ADRs which affect patients’ quality of life or ADRs which
patients could play an important role in drug safety. Those patient reports provided sufficient and thorough
details of the ADR outcome. However, they could be exaggerated, resulting from the ability to
distinguish between their illness and medications that might cause the adverse effects. Therefore, to
increase the report quality and the effectiveness of pharmacovigilance, the information about drugs and
adverse effects, and encouraging the patients’ awareness of ADR reporting are required.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2008 source: HSRI 
title: The Good Practices towards the Pre-Hospital Emergency Medical Services (EMS) System of Communities and Local Government Authorities for the Development of Model and Performance Indicators (Pls) 
abstract:To this research, it is to consider the good practices of pre-hospital emergency medical
service (EMS) system. By an in-depth interview with responsible units, story telling and lessons
learnt can contribute the big picture of their EMS practices in 6 areas (provinces); KhonKhan,
Ubonratchathanee, Lumpang, Petchaburi, Phuket and Songkhla. Initially, the research team has to
choose the modeling framework. Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award (MBNQA) is chosen;
since it represents wisely for what are key elements in the system and how those are integrated for a
holistic view. Subsequently, the practices of the EMS system in 6 areas are captured. Besides, the
summary of good practices classified by elements of MBNQA is considered prior to shorten the
learning curve or speed-up the practices in other areas.
Respectively, MBNQA is applied as a framework for ascertaining the factors contributing the
success and the key obstacles in the practices of each area. However, it is interesting that the
practices of 6 areas, which have the diverse levels of success, tend to have indifferent obstacles.
Even, the most success area in Thailand encounters the problems in ‘Process Management’,
‘Workforce Focus’ and ‘Customer Focus’, which are similar in other areas. Additionally, the survey of
people who either use or never use the EMS in 6 areas results in the same problems, which are
‘insufficient promotion for the service’ and ‘inefficient service processes’. Besides, the research
team pinpoints that by completing the data collection and analysis, the lesson learnt and practices in
all areas are all remarkable. The differences in success rate are insignificant. In other words, the
practices and lessons learnt should not be limited only the success areas. Every area puts their
attempts to improve the EMS system and their diverse practice should be valued as meaningful
knowledge.
Therefore, the results of this research are concluded as two issues. (1) The guideline for
MBNQA application in the EMS system. The modeling framework enables the responsible units to
analyze the service system for a holistic view. Indeed, the analysis can point out the elements of
underemphasized. (2) The story telling from effective practices. This is an attempt to shorten the
learning curve prior to speed-up the practices in any areas. Significantly, the effective practices,
which are not limited only in the success areas, can cheer up any areas to improve their
performances of practices.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2008 source: HSRI 
title: โครงการพัฒนาระบบบูรณาการการป้องกันและจัดการโรคเบาหวาน/ความดันโลหิตสูงระยะที่ 1 กรณีจังหวัดสกลนคร 
abstract:The one of leading non communicable disease burdens around the world including Thailand are Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension. Health delivery system in Thailand was not proactive enough even having some focal innovative good practicing around country but lack to integration as a system. The management initiative of linking between concepts of Diseases Management, Chronic Care Model (CCM) and Chronic Diseases Management Model was integrated to WHO’s “Chronic disease prevention model”. Our conceptual framework is stress on ‘continuums’ ‘integrations’ and ‘comprehensive’ aiming to developing and testing “The integration of chronic disease management system in Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension Model: phase I ” in provincial level.
Method : Action research by purposive sampling. Develop assessment tools for assessing the situation in 4 issues.  Field testing those assessment tools was performed in the area of Sakon Nakhon province and participatory develop the provincial strategic plan. 
Results : 1) The situation assessment tools was developed: a) Health service policy and community strengthening.  b) Health service delivery design.  c) Self management and self management support.  d) Performance indicators.  2) Participatory Sakon Nakhon’s provincial strategic plan.