plueme/wizJson huggingface dataset:
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2007 source: HSRI 
title: Health care system development during violence crisis in the Deep South, Thailand 
abstract:Background: Series of violence have ruined lives and properties of residents in Pattani, Yala, Narathiwas and some districts of Songkhla provinces since January, 2004. From the beginning, the violence inevitably has affected health care services, particularly primary health care in rural area. Outpatient in primary care units were decreasing while those in hospitals were increasing. Health personnel had been under enormous fear and stress of insecure living and working environment. Shortage of health personnel due to moving out of the crisis area was observed.
Objectives: To identify strategy and develop model for immediate intervention and long term health care system that appropriate to the southern violence crisis context.
Results:
•	Security of health care facility and personnel:
Health practitioner and academia had developed security management package using the concept of neutrality and strengthening protection to harden soft target and immunizing with good and impartial health services which increase community acceptance to soften threat.
•	Emergency medical care and referral system:
Regional and provincial referral center and expert consultation network were set up. However quality improvements in some area e.g. transfer from place of occurrence to health care facility are still needed.  In addition to health personnel were worry about security during refer.
•	Financing management:
Budget was increasing, mainly in operation, incentive and investment while expense was also increasing. Overall balance is slightly increasing. 
•	Human resource management:
Although number of overall health personnel is above the country’s average, shortage of some particular fields e.g. surgery is still a big problem due to increased workload from crisis.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2007 source: HSRI 
title: การประเมินผลการเข้าถึงบริการสุขภาพช่องปากและข้อเสนอเชิงนโยบาย การเข้าถึงบริการส่งเสริมป้องกันทันตสุขภาพ ภายใต้ชุดสิทธิประโยชน์ หลักประกันสุขภาพถ้วนหน้า 
abstract:This study is aimed at reviewing people’s accessibility to dental health care service. Primary data was derived from two major household surveys conducted by National Statistic Bureau; health and welfare survey, and economic and social status survey both in 2003 (N = 26,520 households and 68,433 individuals) and 2006 (N = 25,98 5 households and 74,057 individuals). Extrapolation to total population by weigh was then calculated.
	Marginal increase in overall health insurance coverage in general population was found from 95% in  2003 to 93 % in 2006, of which national health insurance scheme contributed 68-88%. Considered by age groups, 81-83% in school age and 87-88% in school age get highest coverage of the national scheme. Focusing to dental health care service, the overall utilization has declined from 10.19% to 7.44%, compared to those covered by the national scheme from 9% to 6%. The highest utilization was among school age children (17% to 10%) compared to the lowest, pre-school age (3% to 2%). The result revealed that despite of high coverage of national health insurance scheme, the low accessibility to dental health care is still unsatisfied. Among them, preschool age children to whom dental health promotion should be concentrated getting worse.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2009 source: HSRI 
title: Reviewing the literature on governance in health system 
abstract:The goal of the Thai health system development is to achieve a balanced and sustainable society in which all Thai citizens have security to live a happy life in a healthy and better condition. The objective of this research were literature review formed a foundation and knowledge of Thai good governance in health system, analyze and plan for research mapping.        
In this study, the good governance in health system was divided into 10 sectors; rule of laws, ethics, transparency, participation, accountability, value for money, human resources development, knowledge organization, and information technology. These were simultaneously analyzed in macro and micro analysis system that influenced by the economic, social, political conditions as well as agency’s role.  
The literature review found that there were problems in every components of health governance, if these problems were solved more effectively, it would generate a better and improved service in health care system. Consequently, it would create a sustainable society in which all Thai citizens would live a happy life in a healthy condition.
	The study found that  governance is a function of the health system, each governance principle should be developed and adapted, and governance issues should identified at all levels. The problems of study in  health governance were that it need more research,especially in qualitative approach and comparison of the  international governance function
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2008 source: HSRI 
title: Cost sharing and copayment lessons from 10 countries 
abstract:The rising health care cost has reached the point where cost sharing from patients might be essential to sustain the health system. This report is aimed to synthesize lessons on cost sharing policies in 10 countries; namely, Australia, Canada, Finland, Germany, Japan, Singapore, south Korea, Taiwan, R.O.C. United Kingdom, and United States of America.
	The study comprises two components. The first is literature review general information of each country on its current health insurance systems, basic principles for cost sharing, approaches and rates used for cost sharing, mechanisms to protect the disadvantaged population, as well key concerns about implementing cost sharing policy.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2006 source: HSRI 
title: Buddhist empowerment for people with disabilities: Case studies in Bangkok and neighboring areas 
abstract:The study aims at analyzing Buddhist teachings, way of thinking and attitudes to supporting human dignity and self development in the disabled. The research also focuses on the disabled’s attitudes and expectations towards religious communities.
	The study methodology included documentary research and field work by participating, non participating observations and in depth interviews of 20 disabled persons and others living in Bangkok and suburbs. The results of this study are as follows. The “Etemal Principle” of Buddhist teaching never considers disability as a limitation for spiritual development in order to attain the highest goal, nirvana. However, some teaching and some monastic rules exclude religious participation, space and rights to the disabled e.g. ordination may be related to social and culture context. These problematic context may be the teachings in the level of cultural expression’. The disabled and society should be aware of there two levels of teachings. The disabled and society should also understand Buddhist teachings, such as the law of Kamma and Paticcisamuppade, holistically in order that a may empower human dignity and security of the disable and may support the both disable and society. It may also be good to reconsider the issues of ordinary in order to find a solution without offering monastic rules. Furthermore, dialogue between the disabled society and network should be held with the cooperation of the religious community. New technology for learning Buddhist teaching should also be produced it order to empower disabled to lead a perfect, happy and fruitful life. These factors may lead to higher level of self development.
	The result of the in-dept interviews indicated that the disabled negative perspectives towards themselves. Society does not offer good opportunity for them. The religious community (Sangha) is not yet able respond to the disabled as the source of Dhamman therapy, natural therapy and community therapy.
	The suggestions are: religious personnel and human resources in the religious community should change and develop positive attitudes, ways of thinking and the proper ability to empower.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2006 source: HSRI 
title: Violence and people with disabilities literature review and redearch proposal 
abstract:Violence is a widespread phenomenon, occurring among different genders, ages and social groups. However, some people, particularly disable people, are more likely to be victimized than able people due to social and cultural circumstances. This paper examines key issues related to violence against disabled people. It begins with an examination of how the medical model explain and gives meaning to disability by portraying disable people as abnormal, child-like, ‘damaged goods’, ‘freaks of  nature’, unattractive, dependent, in need of protection, and object of pity, unproductive, and tainted by disease/ill-health. These social representations have been fed in the ideas of deviancy from the norm and supposed inferiority. Such labels imply both a functional loss and a lack of worth, they perpetuate and legitimate offensive responses by non-disabled people including over-protection, discrimination and abuse.
	In addition, the literature review indicates that women with disabilities are at a much higher risk of being sexually abused, compared to other women. As women, 
They are oppressed in a society of male domination. As disabled, they are dependent, isolated and unable to seek help. Research in Thailand concerning violence against disabled people is scarce. Thus, systematic research and interventions are needed to reduce violence against disabled people.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2008 source: HSRI 
title: Management of health technology assessment in foreign countries 
abstract:Title: Management of health technology assessment in foreign countries
Objective: The study aims to explore how the processes to assess the appropriateness of health technologies are managed and carried out in responsible organizations in other countries.
Methods: Literature search on MedLine, Google Scholar as well as institutes websites were employed in order to gather relevant information. The selection criteria were; (1) the institute must be the national representative and noncommercial institute (2) data must be able to retrieve via electronic database and (3) relevant information must be in English. Certain institutes with rich and
useful information were selected purposively. Content analysis of the documents was the major approach of this review.
Results: Health technology assessment institutes in 10 countries, namely England, Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden, Denmark, the USA, Canada,Australia, Republic of Korea, and South Africa are included in this study. The review suggests that the processes undertaken in these organizations can be divided into 4 main steps: (1) The selection of health interventions to the assessment: Website is a common channel for topic submission. Eligible stakeholders to propose particular technologies comprise different parties namely including healthcare professionals, government bodies, health technology users and the public. The magnitude of health problems expressed in term of ็burden
of disease้ is the most widely-employed criteria. (2) Assessment and consultation: Once the topics are selected, groups of researchers will be assigned to conduct the assessment according to their expertise. The research team generally consists of members of the institute,s advisory committee and scientists from universities, research institutes and representatives of government agencies. (3) Approval of the evaluation results: consultations are convened to obtain comments and suggestions concerning the assessment results. This stage involves experts in relevant fields, health minister, and other key stakeholders in order to ensure the reliability and acceptability of the findings and policy recommendations. (4) The appeal procedure: Concerned parties are allowed to make appeal over the disagreeable assessment results. This procedure is available in some institutes with appraisal or policy decision authority. With regard to the good governance, it is argued that such an idea should be
incorporate in the management of health technology assessment, since the results of the assessments and relating policy recommendations are undeniably affect a wide range of actors in the health sector. Concerning issues include the potential implications for the access to healthcare, government’s budget as well as business’s profits.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2008 source: HSRI 
title: Research Ethics : Considerations in the Development of Routine Practices 
abstract:The objective of the study was to review ethical considerations for research in routine practices. The
main question was whether such research should undergo an ethical review. The study concluded that,
first, there is a need to distinguish among practice, experiment and research. Any work that contains a
research element in part or whole should be submitted for review by an ethics research committee, if the
research involves human subjects, and concerns biomedical, behavioral and social sciences matters. The
rationale is to ensure that human subjects or research participants are appropriately protected with regard
to their dignity, rights, safety and well-being according to internationally accepted ethical principles concerning
human research. However, the burden of ethical review should be appropriately managed. The
research should be categorized by risks. Research that involves minimal risks should be considered for
expedited review.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2008 source: HSRI 
title: การขับเคลื่อนยุทธศาสตร์ชาติการพัฒนาภูมิปัญญาไท สุขภาพวิถีไทย พ.ศ. 2550-2554 ยุทธศาสตร์ที่ 5 การคุ้มครองภูมิปัญญาไทย  ด้านการแพทย์พื้นบ้าน การแพทย์แผนไทย 
abstract:In mobilizing the strategy on Thai traditional knowledge protection (local medical and Thai traditional medical) under the national strategy plan, the establishment of Bio-piracy network and traditional knowledge database should be high priority targets because these will be important tools to protect and resolve the existing problem and will benefit for other targets. 
The Bio-piracy network should operate in 2 levels, local area network and national network, which coordinate each other. In order to achieve the priority targets, many activities should be implemented including a pilot bio-piracy learning model in cooperation with folk medical network and local educational institutions, biodiversity laws training and bio-piracy surveillance establishment. The national bio-piracy network should operate closely with educational institutions which have thai traditional medicine curriculum in order to strengthen the existing surveillance mechanism implemented by Department for Development of Thai Traditional and Alternative Medicine.
The main activities for Thai traditional medicine database development are as following ; community traditional knowledge map survey and extension, database design and development in connection with bio-piracy network at local level and experience exchange with relevant agencies of India emphasizing on Traditional Knowledge Digital Library (TKDL.)
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2008 source: HSRI 
title: Local health communication: concept, procedures and expansion 
abstract:The objectives of this project were to empower “Health Communicators” (NorSorSor) who communicate information on health in Phrae and Kanchanaburi Provinces as well as to enable NSS groups to operate independently. Additional objectives were to train some NSS members as “facilitators” in order to establish a new generation of NSS, to extend the principles of local health communication to people in nearby provinces, and to analyze results in preparation for policy recommendations. This research was conducted under the principle of Participatory Action Research.
	As part of a one-year operation establishing the NorSorSor Clubs, both in Phrae and Kanchanaburi provinces, the selected committees managed the groups by focusing on understanding the objectives of the work, providing communication channels, holding meetings, conducting regular unofficial meetings, and providing the lists of NSS members. From these initiatives, the NSS members were able to work together. In addition, an opening ceremony was held to introduce the NSS group and to extend the communicator networks in the area. Some potential health communicators were additionally trained to become facilitators which will enable this group to successfully establish a new generation of NorSorSor. In addition, they disseminated their ideas and local work experiences through various media such as an advertising spot, a brochure, a video and a special meeting with relevant persons from 8 nearby provinces; Nan, Lamphun, Lampang, Uttaradit, Phayao, Nakhon Pathom, Rachaburi, and Phetchaburi. This meeting attracted much interest and encouraged coordinated expansion into other areas.  
	The result from the operation shows that the features of local health communication work consist of 1) Health Communicators (NorSorSor) who pay attention and possess a sense of public spirit, including abilities to support and co-operate together and link this work with their everyday responsibilities; 2) integration of NorSorSor as a significant working force in the community; 3) information and knowledge about health; 4) communication channels through personal and local media; and 5) the support of society at large, especially at a provincial level.
	In order to communicate local health communication in Thai society, the need for local health communicators and local health communication must be recognized and established as a part of health management system. In addition, mechanism should be created to enhance the pride of health communicators by offering a chance to show their results, to provide sustainable networks which are supported by society of both local and national levels.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2008 source: HSRI 
title: การสื่อสารสุขภาพท้องถิ่น: จังหวัดปัตตานี 
abstract:The Research and Development Project on Local Health Communication: Pattani was to search for those interested in and having the potential to become a “Health Communicator” in the area.  That would believably lead to good health for the locals.  The Project was conducted using a Participatory Action Research approach.  

The research team embarked on the project by studying officers dealing directly with health services.  They included 477 hospital officers, public health officers and volunteers, sharing their problems and needs.  Then, a forum was organized in order to gather information and opinions from a supporting group on health communication.  The group was made of executives and members of both public and private health organizations, local media organizations, and community leaders.  Moreover, 5,000 flyers were distributed to pass on the concept of “health communicator.”  It was found that interested people regarded taking part in this project as a means to improve their communication and media production skills.    

After having analyzed the needs of prospective health communicators, the research team organized two types of skill enhancing activity: (1) Radio Program Production and (2) Animated Media Production for Children.  The former was organized for health service providers while the later was specifically for child teachers and care-takers from five provinces.    

The research results showed that forming a network of health communicators in the area can be achievable.  However, needed are initiative support, diffusion of health communication concept, continuous skill enhancing, communication system between areas/groups, and analysis of target groups.  It is important to clearly identify who are supporters, communicators, audiences, and connectors.  Additionally, the fair management system of benefits is also vital.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2008 source: HSRI 
title: Developing shan health communicators in Chiang Mai Province 
abstract:The action research on “Developing Shan Health Communicators in Chiang Mai Province” is a project under the Popular Health Communication System Research and Development (HCS) program, which aims to develop health communication system for disadvantage minorities who have different language and culture from the Thai majority. The target beneficiaries of this research are the Shan migrant workers from Myanmar, working in manual labor sectors in Chiang Mai. Illegal status, hard works in exploitative conditions and the inability to communicate in Thai prevent these migrants to access health information and services. The research project has thus developed Shan health communicators to work on health communication by organizing trainings on concept of health communication, knowledge on health protection and treatment and communication techniques, and supporting health communicators to organize health communication activities namely hosting the health promotion program via the community radios, producing radio drama and organizing public forum in various places. The results from 10 month project implementation (March-December 2008)   are 1) Shan health communicators have increased their knowledge on health problems, prevention and treatment and communication skill. 2) Health networks are expanded among the health communicators themselves and between them and government officers, non-government workers, academics whose works relate to the Shan, their health and communication.  3) Health communication systems and mechanism to support health communication among worker migrants have been initially developed especially in setting up training curriculum and process for health communicators and increasing communication channels. To promote health communication among migrant workers, the project recommends that  1) health communicators to work with migrant workers should be increased in both quantity and quality by developing health communication training institute with relevant curriculum and training programs. 2) Education related agencies should increase non-formal education classes for migrant workers to study Thai language and culture. 3)  Local governments and religious organizations should play more active role in  promoting health among migrant workers. 4)  Health communication channels should be expanded and used more efficiently in health promotion. 5) The public campaign to reduce ethnic prejudice and promote the peaceful coexistence between people from different ethnic and religious background is needed to be done.
location: nan, 'Thailand 
year: 2008 source: HSRI 
title: Medical Hub of Asia 
abstract:Thailand’s government has initiated a plan to make the country the Medical Hub of Asia. The plan has been aimed to increase numbers of foreigners coming into the country for medical services, which, as a result, will bring in as much as 80,000 million baht in the year 2008. Private hospitals around the country have been readily carrying out the promising plan, making it seem even more agreeable. However, in spite of the expected good outcomes, this plan is also creating,
in public hospitals and medical schools, numerous problems which themselves will trigger many more in the future of the country’s public health. This Medical Hub of Asia plan will rapidly damage Thailand’s noble medical and healthcare service systems.