pldb/PLDB huggingface dataset:
VCF (textDataFormat, appeared 2011)


The Variant Call Format (VCF) specifies the format of a text file used in bioinformatics for storing gene sequence variations. The format has been developed with the advent of large-scale genotyping and DNA sequencing projects, such as the 1000 Genomes Project. Existing formats for genetic data such as General feature format (GFF) stored all of the genetic data, much of which is redundant because it will be shared across the genomes. By using the variant call format only the variations need to be stored along with a reference genome. The standard is currently in version 4.3, although the 1000 Genomes Project has developed its own specification for structural variations such as duplications, which are not easily accommodated into the existing schema. A set of tools is also available for editing and manipulating the files.
vdscript (pl, appeared 2000)
Creators: Avery Lee
Origin: https://virtualdub.org/virtualdub_history.html
Country: United States
Website: https://virtualdub.org
File extensions: VirtualDub.jobs
Keywords: declare

 A video capture utility for 32-bit and 64-bit Windows platforms

VirtualDub is a free and open-source video capture and video processing utility for Microsoft Windows written by Avery Lee. It is designed to process linear video streams, including filtering and recompression. It uses AVI container format to store captured video.The first version of VirtualDub, written for Windows 95, to be released on SourceForge was uploaded on August 20, 2000.


declare foo;
foo = VirtualDub.video.filters;
foo.Add("bar");
Vely (pl, appeared 2022)
Website: https://vely.dev/

Vely is an embedded programming language with C as a host language. It's precompiled into C, creating a native executable.



void list_employees() {
    out-header default
    @<html><body>

    char *header = make_header(); // write any C code
    p-out header

    // Create report in outmsg string and fill it with database query result
    write-string define outmsg
        // Get data from the database
        run-query#get_emp@db="select name, salary from employees order by name" output name, salary
            @Name: <<query-result#get_emp, name>>
            @<br/>
            @Salary: <<query-result#get_emp, salary>>
            @<br/><br/>
        end-query
    end-write-string

    // Write report to a file and then to the client
    write-file "employees" from outmsg status define st
    if (st<0) {
        @Error in writing file (<<pf-out "%lld", st>>)
        exit-request
    } else {
        p-out outmsg
    }
    @</body></html>
}
verifpal (pl, appeared 2019)
Website: https://verifpal.com/
File extensions: vp

Verifpal is new software for verifying the security of cryptographic protocols. The Verifpal language is meant to illustrate protocols close to how one may describe them in an informal conversation, while still being precise and expressive enough for formal modeling. Verifpal reasons about the protocol model with explicit principals: Alice and Bob exist and have independent states.



// All lines that start with "//" are treated as comments and ignored by Verifpal
// A principal block looks like the following
principal SmartphoneA[
 // In the line below we state that Alice knows the public BroadcastKey
 
 knows public BroadcastKey
 
 // SK is going to be a secret random value
 // To define it we use the "generates" keyword
 // We will use the following template for SK variable names
 // SK[day number][principal initial]
 
 generates SK0A
 
 // We will use the following template for EphID variable names
 // EphID[day number][value number][principal initial]
 
 EphID00A, EphID01A, EphID02A = HKDF(nil, SK0A, BroadcastKey)
]
Verilog (hardwareDescriptionLanguage, appeared 1984)
Country: United States
File extensions: v
Keywords: always
assign
automatic
begin
case
casex
casez
cell
config
deassign
default
defparam
design
disable
edge
else
end
endcase
endconfig
endfunction
endgenerate
endmodule
endprimitive
endspecify
endtable
endtask
event
for
force
forever
fork
function
generate
genvar
if
ifnone
incdir
include
initial
inout
input
instance
join
liblist
library
localparam
macromodule
module
negedge
noshowcancelled
output
parameter
posedge
primitive
pulsestyle_ondetect
pulsestyle_onevent
reg
release
repeat
scalared
showcancelled
signed
specify
specparam
strength
table
task
tri
tri0
tri1
triand
wand
trior
wor
trireg
unsigned
use
vectored
wait
while
wire


Verilog, standardized as IEEE 1364, is a hardware description language (HDL) used to model electronic systems. It is most commonly used in the design and verification of digital circuits at the register-transfer level of abstraction. It is also used in the verification of analog circuits and mixed-signal circuits, as well as in the design of genetic circuits.
Verse (pl, appeared 2022)
Creators: Simon Peyton Jones
Tim Sweeney
Lennart Augustsson
Koen Claess




f(p:int,q:int):int :=
if (x=0) then { p=3; q=4 } 
else { p=232; q=913 }; y:int; z:int;
f(y,z); y+z
versioned-text-markup-language (textMarkup, appeared 1999)
Also known as: VTML
Website: https://www.w3.org/Conferences/WWW4/Papers/190/

VTML (Versioned Text Markup Language), a markup language for storing document version information. VTML can easily be implemented within a text editor, and provides a notation and semantics for tracking successive revisions to a document. The main purpose of VTML is to allow asynchronous collaboration in the creation and editing of text documents.



<!--{ATTR ID=1 vers=1 author="fabio" date="Jul 16, 1995"}-->
<!--{ATTR ID=2 vers=CURRENT author="david" date=NOW}-->
<!--{INS ATT=1}--> This is <!--{DEL ATT=2}-->
your<!--{/DEL}--> <!--{INS ATT=2}--> my <!--{/DEL}-->
document.
VEX (notation, appeared 1995)
Creators: Wayne Citrin
Richard Hall
Benjamin Zorn

The lambda calculus is a formal symbolic term rewrite system that has been used for many years both as a mechanism for defining the semantics of programming languages, and as the basis for functional programming languages. In this paper, we describe a completely visual representation for lambda expressions, VEX, that has several advantages over traditional textual lambda calculus. Although VEX is designed as an expression-oriented component of VIPR [3, 4], it can also be used in teaching the concepts of lambda calculus as a replacement for or augmentation to the teaching of traditional textual rewrite rules. Many semantic issues in lambda calculus that are confusing to students, including substitution, free variables, and binding, become apparent and explicit in VEX.
VHDL-AMS (pl, appeared 1993)

The IEEE 1076.1 language, a hardware description language for the description and the simulation of analog, digital, and mixed-signal systems, is defined in this standard. The language, also informally known as VHDL-AMS, is built on IEEE Std 1076-2008 (VHDL) and extends it with additions and changes to provide capabilities of writing and simulating analog and mixed-signal models.

VHDL-AMS is a derivative of the hardware description language VHDL (IEEE standard 1076-1993). It includes analog and mixed-signal extensions (AMS) in order to define the behavior of analog and mixed-signal systems (IEEE 1076.1-1999). The VHDL-AMS standard was created with the intent of enabling designers of analog and mixed signal systems and integrated circuits to create and use modules that encapsulate high-level behavioral descriptions as well as structural descriptions of systems and components.VHDL-AMS is an industry standard modeling language for mixed signal circuits. It provides both continuous-time and event-driven modeling semantics, and so is suitable for analog, digital, and mixed analog/digital circuits. It is particularly well suited for verification of very complex analog, mixed-signal and radio frequency integrated circuits.
VHDL (hardwareDescriptionLanguage, appeared 1983)
Stands for: VHSIC Hardware Description Language
Country: United States
Keywords: abs
access
after
alias
all
and
architecture
array
assert
attribute
begin
block
body
buffer
bus
case
component
configuration
constant
disconnect
downto
else
elsif
end
entity
exit
file
for
function
generate
generic
group
guarded
if
impure
in
inertial
inout
is
label
library
linkage
literal
loop
map
mod
nand
new
next
nor
not
null
of
on
open
or
others
out
package
port
postponed
procedure
process
pure
range
record
register
reject
rem
report
return
rol
ror
select
severity
signal
shared
sla
sll
sra
srl
subtype
then
to
transport
type
unaffected
units
until
use
variable
wait
when
while
with
xnor
xor


VHDL (VHSIC Hardware Description Language) is a hardware description language used in electronic design automation to describe digital and mixed-signal systems such as field-programmable gate arrays and integrated circuits. VHDL can also be used as a general purpose parallel programming language.
vi (editor, appeared 1976)
Creators: Bill Joy


vi is a screen-oriented text editor originally created for the Unix operating system. The portable subset of the behavior of vi and programs based on it, and the ex editor language supported within these programs, is described by (and thus standardized by) the Single Unix Specification and POSIX.The original code for vi was written by Bill Joy in 1976, as the visual mode for a line editor called ex that Joy had written with Chuck Haley. Bill Joy's ex 1.1 was released as part of the first Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) Unix release in March 1978. It was not until version 2.0 of ex, released as part of Second BSD in May 1979 that the editor was installed under the name "vi" (which took users straight into ex's visual mode), and the name by which it is known today. Some current implementations of vi can trace their source code ancestry to Bill Joy; others are completely new, largely compatible reimplementations. The name "vi" is derived from the shortest unambiguous abbreviation for the ex command visual, which switches the ex line editor to visual mode. The name is sometimes pronounced  (as in the discrete English letters v and i) and sometimes to rhyme with bye.In addition to various non–free software variants of vi distributed with proprietary implementations of Unix, vi was opensourced with OpenSolaris, and several free and open source software vi clones exist. A 2009 survey of Linux Journal readers found that vi was the most widely used text editor among respondents, beating gedit, the second most widely used editor, by nearly a factor of two (36% to 19%).
video (pl, appeared 2016)
Creators: Leif Andersen
Origin: https://lang.video/community.html
Country: United States
Website: https://lang.video/
File extensions: .rkt

Video is a language for making movies. It combines the power of a traditional video editor with the capabilities of a full programming language. Video integrates with the Racket ecosystem and extensions for DrRacket to transform it into a non-linear video editor.


GitHub description: Source Code for Video language.
Vigil (esolang, appeared 2013)
Creators: Bob Nystrom



GitHub description: Vigil, the eternal morally vigilant programming language

def fib(n):
 if n < 2:
     result = n
 else:
     result = fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2)
 # fib() never returns negative number.
 swear result >= 0
 return result
Vilnius BASIC (pl, appeared 1986)


Vilnius BASIC is a dialect of the BASIC programming language running on the Elektronika BK-0010-01/BK-0011M and UKNC computers.It was a quite advanced BASIC and featured a runtime threaded code compiler that compiled the program when one entered the RUN command. The dialect was very close to MSX BASIC. The major differences were the lack of the PLAY, SOUND, VPOKE and PUT SPRITE operators, the inability to open several files at the same time, and the inability to use more than one operator on one line. Only the UKNC version had a full-screen editor. Machine-dependent features, like graphics operators parameters  and PEEK/POKE addresses were also different. The software was developed at Vilnius University, located in Lithuania which was a republic of the Soviet Union at the time.
Vim (editor, appeared 1991)
Website: https://www.vim.org/


Vim (; a contraction of Vi IMproved) is a clone, with additions, of Bill Joy's vi text editor program for Unix. It was written by Bram Moolenaar based on source for a port of the Stevie editor to the Amiga and first released publicly in 1991. Vim is designed for use both from a command-line interface and as a standalone application in a graphical user interface. Vim is free and open-source software and is released under a license that includes some charityware clauses, encouraging users who enjoy the software to consider donating to children in Uganda. The license is compatible with the GNU General Public License through a special clause allowing distribution of modified copies "under the GNU GPL version 2 or any later version".Although it was originally released for the Amiga, Vim has since been developed to be cross-platform, supporting many other platforms. In 2006, it was voted the most popular editor amongst Linux Journal readers; in 2015 the Stack Overflow developer survey found it to be the third most popular text editor; and in 2016 the Stack Overflow developer survey found it to be the fourth most popular development environment.
Vim script (pl, appeared 1991)
Also known as: vimscript
VimL
vimscript viml

Vim script (also called vimscript or VimL) is the scripting language built into Vim.

Vim (; a contraction of Vi IMproved) is a clone, with additions, of Bill Joy's vi text editor program for Unix. It was written by Bram Moolenaar based on source for a port of the Stevie editor to the Amiga and first released publicly in 1991. Vim is designed for use both from a command-line interface and as a standalone application in a graphical user interface. Vim is free and open-source software and is released under a license that includes some charityware clauses, encouraging users who enjoy the software to consider donating to children in Uganda. The license is compatible with the GNU General Public License through a special clause allowing distribution of modified copies "under the GNU GPL version 2 or any later version".Although it was originally released for the Amiga, Vim has since been developed to be cross-platform, supporting many other platforms. In 2006, it was voted the most popular editor amongst Linux Journal readers; in 2015 the Stack Overflow developer survey found it to be the third most popular text editor, and the fifth most popular development environment in 2018.
Violent ES (pl, appeared 2022)
Creators: Matheus Dias de Souza
Origin: https://github.com/violent-es/violent-es
Country: Unknown
Website: https://github.com/violent-es/violent-es
Keywords: as
await
break
case
catch
class
const
continue
default
delete
do
each
else
embed
enum
extends
false
final
finally
for
from
function
get
if
implements
import
in
include
interface
internal
is
meta
namespace
native
new
null
override
package
private
protected
proxy
public
resource
return
set
static
switch
this
throw
throws
true
try
type
typeof
undefined
use
var
void
where
while
with
yield

Robust dialect of the EcmaScript scripting language. Not available yet, work in progress.


GitHub description: Compiler and more for the Violent ES language 

enum Product {
    // ['smartphone', 0]
    const SMARTPHONE;
    
    // ['aUtOmObIlE', 1]
    const AUTOMOBILE = 'aUtOmObIlE';
    
    // ['kxxx', 65]
    const KEYBOARD = [65, 'kxxx'];
    
    function customMethod():void {
    }
}

var p:Produle = 'kxxx';
var p = Product.KEYBOARD;
p.valueOf(); // 65
p.toString(); // 'kxxx'
p = 65 as! Product;
p = 'kxxx' as! Product;

[Flags]
enum Permissions {
    // ['fooBlah', 1]
    const FOO_BLAH;
    
    // ['qux', 2]
    const QUX;
    
    // ['baz', 4]
    const BAZ;
}

var p:Permissions = ['fooBlah', 'qux'];
p = {fooBlah: true, baz: false};
p = p.toggle('fooBlah');
p = p.filter('qux');
p = p.include('qux');
p = p.exclude('qux');
'qux' in p;

// empty
p = undefined;
p = {};
p = [];
visdown (textMarkup, appeared 2016)
Creators: Amit Kapoor
Website: https://visdown.com/

Write visualisation using a simple declarative markup like you would write code. Just wrap it in fenced block (three backticks) and mark the language as `vis`.


GitHub description: Visualisation Markdown

```vis
data:
  url: data/cars.csv
mark: point
encoding: 
  x: 
    field: kmpl
    type: quantitative
  y: 
    field: price
    type: quantitative
 ```
VisSim (pl, appeared 1989)


VisSim is a visual block diagram program for simulation of dynamical systems and model based design of embedded systems, with its own visual language. It is developed by Visual Solutions of Westford, Massachusetts. Visual Solutions, has been acquired by Altair in August 2015 and its products have been rebranded as solidThinking Embed as a part of solidThinking's Model Based Development Suite. With solidThinking Embed, you can develop virtual prototypes of dynamic systems. Models are built by sliding blocks into the work area and wiring them together with the mouse. Embed automatically converts the control diagrams into C-code ready to be downloaded to the target hardware. VisSim or now solidThinking Embed uses a graphical data flow paradigm to implement dynamic systems based on differential equations. Version 8 adds interactive UML OMG 2 compliant state chart graphs that are placed in VisSim diagrams. This allows the modeling of state based systems such as startup sequencing of process plants or serial protocol decoding.
Visual Basic (pl, appeared 1991)
Also known as: vb
VisualBasic
Origin: Microsoft
Country: United States
Website: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms788229.aspx
Keywords: AddHandler
AddressOf
Alias
And
AndAlso
As
Async
Boolean
ByRef
Byte
ByVal
Call
Case
Catch
CBool
CByte
CChar
CDate
CDbl
CDec
Char
CInt
Class
CLng
CObj
Const
Continue
CSByte
CShort
CSng
CStr
CType
CUInt
CULng
CUShort
Date
Decimal
Declare
Default
Delegate
Dim
DirectCast
Do
Double
Each
Else
ElseIf
End
EndIf
Enum
Erase
Error
Event
Exit
False
Finally
For
Friend
Function
Get
GetType
GetXMLNamespace
Global
GoSub
GoTo
Handles
If
Implements
Imports
In
Inherits
Integer
Interface
Is
IsNot
Let
Lib
Like
Long
Loop
Me
Mod
Module
MustInherit
MustOverride
MyBase
MyClass
NameOf
Namespace
Narrowing
New
Next
Not
Nothing
NotInheritable
NotOverridable
Object
Of
On
Operator
Option
Optional
Or
OrElse
Out
Overloads
Overridable
Overrides
ParamArray
Partial
Private
Property
Protected
Public
RaiseEvent
ReadOnly
ReDim
RemoveHandler
Resume
Return
SByte
Select
Set
Shadows
Shared
Short
Single
Static
Step
Stop
String
Structure
Sub
SyncLock
Then
Throw
To
True
Try
TryCast
TypeOf
UInteger
ULong
UShort
Using
Variant
Wend
When
While
Widening
With
WithEvents
WriteOnly
Xor


Visual Basic is a third-generation event-driven programming language and integrated development environment (IDE) from Microsoft for its Component Object Model (COM) programming model first released in 1991 and declared legacy during 2008. Microsoft intended Visual Basic to be relatively easy to learn and use. Visual Basic was derived from BASIC and enables the rapid application development (RAD) of graphical user interface (GUI) applications, access to databases using Data Access Objects, Remote Data Objects, or ActiveX Data Objects, and creation of ActiveX controls and objects. A programmer can create an application using the components provided by the Visual Basic program itself. Over time the community of programmers developed third-party components. Programs written in Visual Basic can also use the Windows API, which requires external function declarations. The final release was version 6 in 1998 (now known simply as Visual Basic). On  April 8, 2008, Microsoft stopped supporting Visual Basic 6.0 IDE. The Microsoft Visual Basic team still maintains compatibility for Visual Basic 6.0 applications on Windows Vista, Windows Server 2008 including R2, Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012, Windows 10 and Windows Server 2016 through its "It Just Works" program. In 2014, some software developers still preferred Visual Basic 6.0 over its successor, Visual Basic .NET.  In 2014 some developers lobbied for a new version of the VB6 programming environment. In 2016, Visual Basic 6.0 won the technical impact award at The 19th Annual D.I.C.E. Awards. A dialect of Visual Basic, Visual Basic for Applications (VBA), is used as a macro or scripting language within several Microsoft applications, including Microsoft Office.
Visual DialogScript (pl, appeared 2000)
Also known as: VDS


Visual DialogScript (VDS) is an interpreted programming language for Microsoft Windows. It can be used to create small, fast programs. VDS has a large number of dialog and graphical elements available to create professional looking programs. VDS programs have access to the Windows API; therefore, it is possible to write applications that can perform the same advanced tasks as other programming languages such as Visual Basic, C++, or Delphi.
Visual FoxPro (pl, appeared 1995)
Origin: Microsoft
Website: http://msdn.microsoft.com/vfoxpro


Visual FoxPro is a discontinued data-centric, object-oriented, procedural, programming language produced by Microsoft. It was derived from FoxPro (originally known as FoxBASE) which was developed by Fox Software beginning in 1984. It contained the fastest PC-based database engine available at the time. Fox Technologies merged with Microsoft in 1992, after which the software acquired further features and the prefix "Visual". The database engine is more powerful than the Microsoft Jet Database Engine which is used by Microsoft Access. FoxPro 2.6 worked on Mac OS, DOS, Windows, and Unix. Visual FoxPro 3.0, the first "Visual" version, reduced platform support to only Mac and Windows, and later versions 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 were Windows-only. The current version of Visual FoxPro is COM-based and Microsoft has stated that they do not intend to create a Microsoft .NET version. Version 9.0, released in 2004 and updated in 2007, is the final version of the product.
Visual Objects (pl, appeared 1994)


Visual Objects is an object-oriented computer programming language that is used to create computer programs that operate primarily under Windows. Although it can be used as a general-purpose programming tool, it is almost exclusively used to create database programs. The original Visual Objects project (code-named Aspen) was started as part of Nantucket's attempts to bring the Clipper language to Windows, and move from the procedural to the object-oriented style. It also converted Clipper from a p-code system to being a true native compiler and introduced more elements of the C language (such as typed variables), while including Windows extensions (such as COM, ODBC, and later ADO). With its symbol datatype, it offers the ability to form name-based linkages, which may be used to connect menu events to object methods or form direct linkages between server columns and controls. The Windows version was finally brought to market by Computer Associates.  Unfortunately it was released before it was market-ready and in almost head-to-head competition with the first release of Borland's Delphi product. The language is still in use however the last release by GrafX Software was in 2012 of version 2.8 sp4 (version number 2838). GrafX announced that after this no new versions would be released. The next incarnation of the Visual Objects language is Vulcan.NET, written by GrafX from scratch to be both Visual Objects compatible and be a true CLS compliant .NET language, taking full advantage of the .NET framework.